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2018 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations
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Part of a series on the
2018 Winter Olympics
Bid process (bid details)
Venues
Torch relay
Mascots
Broadcasters
Opening ceremony (flag bearers)
Chronological summary
Medal table (medalists)
World and Olympic records
Controversies (ban on Russian athletes)
Closing ceremony (flag bearers)
Paralympics
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During the 2018 Winter Olympics Parade of Nations at the 2018 Winter Olympics opening ceremony, beginning at 20:00 KST (UTC+9) on 9 February 2018, athletes bearing the flags of their respective nations led their national delegations as they paraded into the Pyeongchang Olympic Stadium in the host city of Pyeongchang, South Korea.[1] 92 teams qualified to compete (91 nations and Olympic Athletes from Russia).
Background[edit]
United States entering the stadium.
Athletes entered the stadium in an order dictated by Olympic tradition. As the originator of the Olympics, the Greek team entered first.[2] Other teams entered in alphabetical order based on the names of countries in the Korean language.[3] Following tradition, the delegation from the host nation, South Korea, was scheduled to enter last. However, following solidarity negotiations with North Korea, the host nation was instead represented by the unified Korean delegation, consisting of the South Korean and North Korean teams, marching under the Korean Unification Flag.[4][5] The names of the nations were announced in French, followed by English and Korean, the official languages of the Olympic movement and the host nation, in accordance with traditional and International Olympic Committee (IOC) guidelines. Background music included such songs as K-pop hits as "Gangnam Style" by Psy, "Likey" by Twice, "Fantastic Baby" by Big Bang, "DNA" by BTS, and "Red Flavor" by Red Velvet.[6]
List[edit]
Below is a list of parading countries and their announced flag bearer, in the same order as the parade. This is sortable by country name, flag bearer's name and flag bearer's sport. Names are given in the form officially designated by the IOC.[7]
Order
Nation
Hangul
Roman Transliteration
Flag bearer
Sport
1 Greece (GRE) 그리스 geu ri seu Sophia Ralli Alpine skiing
2 Ghana (GHA) 가나 ga na Akwasi Frimpong Skeleton
3 Nigeria (NGR) 나이지리아 na i ji ri a Ngozi Onwumere Bobsleigh
4 South Africa (RSA) 남아프리카 공화국 nam a peu ri ka gong hwa guk Connor Wilson Alpine skiing
5 Netherlands (NED) 네덜란드 ne deol ran deu Jan Smeekens[8] Speed skating
6 Norway (NOR) 노르웨이 no reu we i Emil Hegle Svendsen Biathlon
7 New Zealand (NZL) 뉴질랜드 nyu jil raen deu Beau-James Wells[9] Freestyle skiing
8 Denmark (DEN) 덴마크 den ma keu Elena Møller Rigas[10] Speed skating
9 Germany (GER) 독일 dok il Eric Frenzel[11] Nordic combined
10 East Timor (TLS) 동티모르 dong ti mo reu Yohan Goutt Gonçalves Alpine skiing
11 Latvia (LAT) 라트비아 ra teu bi a Daumants Dreiškens[12] Bobsleigh
12 Lebanon (LBN) 레바논 re ba non Samer Tawk Cross-country skiing
13 Romania (ROU) 루마니아 ru ma ni a Marius Ungureanu[13] Biathlon
14 Luxembourg (LUX) 룩셈부르크 ruk sem bu reu keu Matthieu Osch Alpine skiing
15 Lithuania (LTU) 리투아니아 ri tu a ni a Tomas Kaukėnas[14] Biathlon
16 Liechtenstein (LIE) 리히텐슈타인 ri hi ten syu ta in Marco Pfiffner Alpine skiing
17 Madagascar (MAD) 마다가스카르 ma da ga seu ka reu Mialitiana Clerc Alpine skiing
18 Malaysia (MAS) 말레이시아 mal re isi a Julian Yee[15] Figure skating
19 Mexico (MEX) 멕시코 mek si ko Germán Madrazo[16] Cross-country skiing
20 Monaco (MON) 모나코 mo na ko Rudy Rinaldi[17] Bobsleigh
21 Morocco (MAR) 모로코 mo ro ko Samir Azzimani Cross-country skiing
22 Montenegro (MNE) 몬테네그로 mon te ne geu ro Jelena Vujičić[18] Alpine skiing
23 Moldova (MDA) 몰도바 mol do ba Nicolae Gaiduc Cross-country skiing
24 Malta (MLT) 몰타 mol ta Élise Pellegrin[19] Alpine skiing
25 Mongolia (MGL) 몽골 mong gol Achbadrakh Batmunkh[20] Cross-country skiing
26 United States (USA) 미국 mi guk Erin Hamlin[21] Luge
27 Bermuda (BER) 버뮤다 beo myu da Tucker Murphy Cross-country skiing
28 Belgium (BEL) 벨기에 bel gi e Seppe Smits[22] Snowboarding
29 Belarus (BLR) 벨라루스 bel ra ru seu Alla Tsuper[23] Freestyle skiing
30 Bosnia and Herzegovina (BIH) 보스니아 헤르체고비나 bo seu ni a he reu che go bi na Elvedina Muzaferija[24] Alpine skiing
31 Bolivia (BOL) 볼리비아 bol ri bi a Simon Breitfuss Kammerlander[25] Alpine skiing
32 Bulgaria (BUL) 불가리아 bul ga ri a Radoslav Yankov[26] Snowboarding
33 Brazil (BRA) 브라질 beu ra jil Edson Bindilatti[27] Bobsleigh
34 San Marino (SMR) 산마리노 san ma ri no Alessandro Mariotti[28] Alpine skiing
35 Serbia (SRB) 세르비아 se reu bi a Nevena Ignjatović[29] Alpine skiing
36 Sweden (SWE) 스웨덴 seu we den Niklas Edin[30] Curling
37 Switzerland (SUI) 스위스 seu wi seu Dario Cologna[31] Cross-country skiing
38 Spain (ESP) 스페인 seu pe in Lucas Eguibar Snowboarding
39 Slovakia (SVK) 슬로바키아 seul ro ba ki a Veronika Velez-Zuzulová Alpine skiing
40 Slovenia (SLO) 슬로베니아 seul ro be ni a Vesna Fabjan[32] Cross-country skiing
41 Singapore (SGP) 싱가포르 sing ga po reu Cheyenne Goh Short track speed skating
42 Armenia (ARM) 아르메니아 a reu me ni a Mikayel Mikayelyan Cross-country skiing
43 Argentina (ARG) 아르헨티나 a reu hen ti na Sebastiano Gastaldi[19] Alpine skiing
44 Iceland (ISL) 아이슬란드 a i seul ran deu Freydis-Halla Einarsdóttir Alpine skiing
45 Ireland (IRL) 아일랜드 a il raen deu Seamus O'Connor Snowboarding
46 Azerbaijan (AZE) 아제르바이잔 a je reu bai jan Patrick Brachner[33] Alpine skiing
47 Andorra (AND) 안도라 an do ra Irineu Esteve Altimiras[34] Cross-country skiing
48 Albania (ALB) 알바니아 al ba ni a Suela Mehilli[35] Alpine skiing
49 Eritrea (ERI) 에리트레아 e ri teu re a Shannon-Ogbnai Abeda[36] Alpine skiing
50 Estonia (EST) 에스토니아 e seu to ni a Saskia Alusalu[37] Speed skating
51 Ecuador (ECU) 에콰도르 e kwa do reu Klaus Jungbluth[38] Cross-country skiing
52 Great Britain (GBR) 영국 yeong guk Lizzy Yarnold[39] Skeleton
53 Australia (AUS) 오스트레일리아 o seu teu re il ri a Scott James Snowboarding
54 Austria (AUT) 오스트리아 o seu teu ri a Anna Veith[40] Alpine skiing
55 Olympic Athletes from Russia (OAR) 러시아 출신 올림픽 선수 reo si a chul sin ol lim pik seon su POCOG Volunteer N/A
56 Uzbekistan (UZB) 우즈베키스탄 u jeu be ki seu tan Komiljon Tukhtaev Alpine skiing
57 Ukraine (UKR) 우크라이나 u keu ra i na Olena Pidhrushna[41] Biathlon
58 Iran (IRI) 이란 i ran Samaneh Beyrami Baher Cross-country skiing
59 Italy (ITA) 이탈리아 i tal ri a Arianna Fontana[42] Short track speed skating
60 Israel (ISR) 이스라엘 i seu ra el Alexei Bychenko[43] Figure skating
61 India (IND) 인도 in do Shiva Keshavan Luge
62 Japan (JPN) 일본 il bon Noriaki Kasai[44][45] Ski jumping
63 Jamaica (JAM) 자메이카 ja me i ka Jazmine Fenlator-Victorian Bobsleigh
64 Georgia (GEO) 조지아 jo ji a Moris Kvitelashvili Figure skating
65 China (CHN) 중국 jung guk Zhou Yang Short track speed skating
66 Czech Republic (CZE) 체코 che ko Eva Samková[46] Snowboarding
67 Chile (CHI) 칠레 chil re Henrik von Appen[47] Alpine skiing
68 Kazakhstan (KAZ) 카자흐스탄 ka ja heu seu tan Abzal Azhgaliyev[48] Short track speed skating
69 Canada (CAN) 캐나다 kae na da Tessa Virtue & Scott Moir[49] Figure skating
70 Kenya (KEN) 케냐 ke nya Sabrina Simader Alpine skiing
71 Kosovo (KOS) 코소보 ko so bo Albin Tahiri[50] Alpine skiing
72 Colombia (COL) 콜롬비아 kol rom bi a Pedro Causil Speed skating
73 Croatia (CRO) 크로아티아 keu ro a ti a Natko Zrnčić-Dim[51] Alpine skiing
74 Kyrgyzstan (KGZ) 키르기스스탄 ki reu gi seu seu tan Tariel Zharkymbaev Cross-country skiing
75 Cyprus (CYP) 키프로스 ki peu ro seu Dinos Lefkaritis Alpine skiing
76 Chinese Taipei (TPE) 차이니스 타이베이 cha i ni seu ta i be i Lien Te-an[52] Luge
77 Thailand (THA) 태국 tae guk Mark Chanloung Cross-country skiing[53]
78 Turkey (TUR) 터키 teo ki Fatih Arda İpcioğlu Ski jumping
79 Togo (TOG) 토고 to go Mathilde-Amivi Petitjean Cross-country skiing
80 Tonga (TGA) 통가 tong ga Pita Taufatofua[19] Cross-country skiing
81 Pakistan (PAK) 파키스탄 pa ki seu tan Muhammad Karim Alpine skiing
82 Portugal (POR) 포르투갈 po reu tu gal Kequyen Lam Cross-country skiing[54]
83 Poland (POL) 폴란드 pol ran deu Zbigniew Bródka[55] Speed skating
84 Puerto Rico (PUR) 푸에르토리코 pu e reu to ri ko Charles Flaherty[19] Alpine skiing
85 France (FRA) 프랑스 peu rang seu Martin Fourcade[56] Biathlon
86 Macedonia (MKD) 구유고슬라비아 마케도니아 공화국 gu yu go seul ra bi a ma ke do ni a gong hwa guk Stavre Jada[57] Cross-country skiing
87 Finland (FIN) 핀란드 pin ran deu Janne Ahonen[58] Ski jumping
88 Philippines (PHI) 필리핀 pil ri pin Asa Miller[59] Alpine skiing
89 Hungary (HUN) 헝가리 heong ga ri Konrád Nagy[60] Speed skating
90 Hong Kong (HKG) 홍콩 차이나 hong kong cha i na Arabella Ng Alpine skiing
91 Korea (COR) 코리아 ko ri a Won Yun-jong[61] (South Korea) Bobsleigh
Hwang Chung-gum[61] (North Korea) Ice hockey
References[edit]
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Marvin the Paranoid Android
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy character. For the Looney Tunes character, see Marvin the Martian. For the newspaper comic, see Marvin (comic strip).
This article relies too much on references to primary sources. Please improve this by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (March 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Marvin the Paranoid Android
A close-up of the Marvin costume from the 1981 TV series
First appearance
Fit the Second (radio)
Last appearance
Fit the Twenty-Sixth (radio)
Created by
Douglas Adams
Portrayed by
David Learner (television)
Warwick Davis (film)
Voiced by
Stephen Moore (radio and TV)
Jim Broadbent (2018 radio series)
Alan Rickman (film)
Information
Gender
Male design
Occupation
Servant
Marvin, the Paranoid Android, is a fictional character in The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy series by Douglas Adams. Marvin is the ship's robot aboard the starship Heart of Gold. Originally built as one of many failed prototypes of Sirius Cybernetics Corporation's GPP (Genuine People Personalities) technology, Marvin is afflicted with severe depression and boredom, in part because he has a "brain the size of a planet"[1] which he is seldom, if ever, given the chance to use. Indeed, the true horror of Marvin's existence is that no task he could be given would occupy even the tiniest fraction of his vast intellect. Marvin claims he is 50,000 times more intelligent than a human,[2] (or 30 billion times more intelligent than a live mattress) though this is, if anything, an underestimation. When kidnapped by the bellicose Krikkit robots and tied to the interfaces of their intelligent war computer, Marvin simultaneously manages to plan the entire planet's military strategy, solve "all of the major mathematical, physical, chemical, biological, sociological, philosophical, etymological, meteorological and psychological problems of the Universe except his own, three times over", and compose a number of lullabies.
Contents
1 Name
2 Radio and TV series
3 Portrayals
3.1 Radio and TV
3.2 Film
4 Novel series
5 Songs
5.1 "Marvin"
5.2 The Double B-Side
5.3 Marvin's lullaby
5.4 Outside the Hitchhiker's universe
6 References
7 External links
Name[edit]
According to Douglas Adams, "Marvin came from Andrew Marshall.[3] He's another comedy writer, and he's exactly like that." (Indeed, in one of the early drafts for Hitchhiker's, the robot was called Marshall. It was changed to "Marvin" partly to avoid causing offence, but also because it was pointed out to Adams that on radio the name would sound like "Martial", which would have undesirable connotations.) However, Adams also admitted that Marvin is part of a long line of literary depressives, such as A. A. Milne's Eeyore or Jacques in Shakespeare's As You Like It, and even owes something to Adams's own periods of depression.[3]
Marvin does not actually display signs of paranoia, though Zaphod refers to him as "the Paranoid Android".[2] Nor does he show any signs of mania, though Ford refers to him as a "manically depressed robot". He remains consistently morose throughout. In fact, he exhibits remarkable stoicism, being willing to wait hundreds of billions of years for his employers.
Radio and TV series[edit]
According to his autobiography read in the Secondary Phase of the radio series, Marvin was constructed much against his own wishes by the Sirius Cybernetics Corporation to prototype human personality artificial intelligence. In his own words:
I didn't ask to be made: no one consulted me or considered my feelings in the matter. I don't think it even occurred to them that I might have feelings. After I was made, I was left in a dark room for six months... and me with this terrible pain in all the diodes down my left side. I called for succour in my loneliness, but did anyone come? Did they hell. My first and only true friend was a small rat. One day it crawled into a cavity in my right ankle and died. I have a horrible feeling it's still there...
—  Douglas Adams, from Fit the Twelfth (radio series)
The cutaway illustration of Marvin made by Kevin J. Davies for the "Depreciation Society" featured a "rat cavity".[4]
As the menial labourer on the Heart of Gold spaceship, he grew immensely resentful of the insistence of his new masters (Zaphod Beeblebrox and Trillian; later also Ford Prefect and Arthur Dent) that he open doors, check airlocks and pick up pieces of paper. He reserved a particular contempt for the sentient doors, despising their blissful satisfaction with existence.
When the Heart of Gold crew arrive on the ancient planet of Magrathea, they abandon Marvin on the surface. During an apparently suicidal confrontation with a pair of trigger-happy cops, the crew are teleported directly from Magrathea into the future to the Restaurant at the End of the Universe to find that, in fact, they haven't travelled an inch. The Restaurant was constructed on the ruins of the planet they had just left, and, while there, they find Marvin, who had been waiting patiently for their return for 576,000,003,579 years (he counted them).
According to Marvin, "The first ten million years were the worst, and the second ten million years, they were the worst too. The third ten million I didn't enjoy at all. After that I went into a bit of a decline." Apparently, the best conversation he had was over 40 million years ago with a coffee machine.
Deciding they had better leave, the crew make a desperate and futile attempt to engage Marvin's enthusiasm (he "hasn't got one") before he simply does what they really want and opens the door to the ship they want to steal. The ship turns out to be a Haggunenon battle cruiser, and the entire group, including Marvin, but excluding Ford Prefect and Arthur Dent, who escape, are eaten by its crew. Marvin's subsequent survival is never explained, but against all probability, he eventually finds himself on Ursa Minor Beta, just in time to rescue Zaphod from a robotic tank.
A subsequent section of Marvin's biography occurs only in the Secondary Phase of the radio series. Marvin rejoins the crew on the Heart of Gold, and using the improbability drive programmed by Zaphod Beeblebrox the Fourth, takes them to the ravaged planet Brontitall. Having landed in a giant floating marble copy of a plastic cup, the crew accidentally find themselves falling several miles through the air. The carbon-based members of the crew manage to stay alive by grabbing onto passing giant birds. Marvin has no such luck, and, upon impact with the ground, creates his own archaeological excavation site. Cruelly intact, he grudgingly saves the crew multiple times from the Foot Soldiers of the Dolmansaxlil Shoe Corporation. Marvin remains in Heart of Gold whilst Ford, Zaphod, Zarniwoop and Arthur bother the Ruler of the Universe, leaving when an enraged Arthur hijacks the ship.
However, in the Tertiary Phase, Trillian claims this story is Zaphod's hallucination, especially as reverse temporal engineering explanation has not entered the plot yet. However of the stories of Zaphod's visit to the Frogstar, the Guide says "10% are 95% true, 14% are 65% true, 35% are only 5% true and the rest are told by Zaphod Beeblebrox", and listeners are presented with one "version" of that visit.
In the television series, the black ship stolen at the Restaurant at the End of the Universe is actually the stunt ship of the Disaster Area rock band, and, having taken them back in time two million years before the present, is set on an irreversible course to collide with the sun of Kakrafoon. Forced to flee in the ship's barely functional teleport, the crew politely ask Marvin to stay behind and operate it. He does so, and stoically awaits his fate "almost as good as death" in the heart of the blazing sun.
Portrayals[edit]
Radio and TV[edit]
Marvin's voice was performed by Stephen Moore on the first five radio series and television series and by Jim Broadbent in the sixth radio series. David Learner operated his body on television, having previously played and voiced the part for the stage version,.
Film[edit]
2005 film version
Warwick Davis wore the Marvin costume in the 2005 film. He is voiced by Alan Rickman. This Marvin's design is a departure from the Marvin of the television series, featuring shorter with an oversized head and stubby limbs. The original television costume from the 1981 television series was refurbished for a cameo role in the film, standing in a queue in the Vogon office queue on Vogsphere, where the main characters are trying to release Tricia, with various other life forms as well as in the group near the end of the film.
Novel series[edit]
A difference to the radio and TV series occurs in the novels when the Heart of Gold crew arrive on the ancient planet of Magrathea. Marvin inadvertently saves the crew by plugging himself into the onboard computer of a police vehicle, which, when exposed to the true nature of Marvin's view of the universe, commits suicide, taking the two police who were then firing at the ship's crew with it. The crew leave Magrathea on the Heart of Gold, but are teleported summarily to Ursa Minor Beta, where Zaphod's great grandfather, in an apparent fit of vicious humour, forces Marvin to accompany Zaphod on his mission of self-discovery. Marvin subsequently saves Zaphod's life by engaging in a battle of wits with a vicious (yet stupid) automated tank, and then is abandoned on the planet Frogstar B when Zaphod is sent to the Total Perspective Vortex. Eventually the crew arrive at the Restaurant at the End of the Universe (which was built over the ruins of Frogstar B in this continuity) and the story continues as with the TV series.
In the third novel, Life, the Universe and Everything, we find that Marvin survived his collision with the sun of Kakrafoon, and was sent back in time by the Improbability Field projected by the Heart of Gold to be rescued by a scrap metal merchant on Sqornshellous Zeta. The merchant grafted a steel rod to Marvin's now lost leg, and sold him to a Mind Zoo, where excited onlookers would try to make him happy. This made him something of a celebrity on the planet of Sqornshellous Zeta, and he was asked to open the brand new bridge that was meant to revitalise the planet's economy. Marvin dutifully plugged himself into the bridge's opening circuit, and, just like the police computer, the bridge committed suicide, taking the entire gathered crowd with it. Marvin was left in the swamp, his false leg having trapped him in the mud, so he spent just over 1.5 million years walking around in a circle, "just to make the point." He planned to keep walking in a circle for another million years before trying it backward. "Just for the variety, you understand."
Suddenly, he is kidnapped by a squad of Krikkit war robots, who are after his leg, a fragment of the key that will reopen their imprisoned world and restart the genocidal Krikkit War. Thinking that Marvin's intelligence will be an asset, they wire his brain into the interfaces of their intelligent war computer. This is a mistake. The once formidable Krikkit robots find themselves overcome with crippling sorrow and depression, and rather than focusing on their mission of extermination, instead sulk in corners doing quadratic equations. It is also due to Marvin's influence that Zaphod and the others' lives are spared by the Krikkit robots. Marvin is (presumably) rescued by his friends, who bring him back to the Heart of Gold. From here his story is unknown.
Marvin reappears in the second-to-last chapter of So Long, and Thanks for All the Fish. Arthur and Fenchurch find him on the planet where God's Final Message To His Creation is located. He is barely functional, claiming that, due to time travel he is now "thirty-seven times older than the Universe itself." Every part of his body has been replaced, with the exception of "all the diodes down [his] left side", which have been giving him severe pain for the whole of his existence. Arthur and Fenchurch end up carrying him, enduring the robot's constant abuse, to the God's Final Message viewing station, where they lift him up to see the words of the message: "We apologise for the inconvenience." Astonishingly, Marvin responds "I think... I feel good about it." The lights in his eyes go out and his already-worn circuits completely stop working; Marvin is no more. (In the radio dramatisation, his last words are "Goodbye, Arthur." Marvin's 'death' prompts Arthur to say, "Miserable git!" and then, to his own obvious astonishment, to add, "I'll miss him.")
However, in the 2005 radio adaptation of the fifth novel in the series, Mostly Harmless, in which Marvin did not originally appear, he has a cameo at the end of the last episode alive and well. He explains that it turned out he was still covered by his warranty agreement, and is back to parking cars at Milliways, the Restaurant at the End of the Universe.
Songs[edit]
"Metal Man" redirects here. For the DC comics characters, see Metal Men. For the Mega Man character, see Robot Master.
Marvin Marvin excerpt
An excerpt from Marvin
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Stephen Moore released two pop singles—Marvin/Metal Man[5] and Reasons to Be Miserable/Marvin I Love You (double B-side)—in the UK in 1981, though neither reached the top 40. Two of these were re-recorded and rearranged to coincide with the 2005 Hitchhiker's movie release, "Reasons To Be Miserable (His Name Is Marvin)" and "Marvin" now being performed by Stephen Fry (singing in the third-person, not as Marvin).
"Marvin"[edit]
"Marvin" was released in 1981. It was a minor hit, reaching number 52 in the British Charts.[6][7]
The song involves Marvin describing his woes ("My moving parts are in a solid state") and frustrations ("You know what really makes me mad? They clean me with a Brillo Pad"), to a synthesiser backing. The intro to the song consists of a simple guitar figure, but with the tape reversed so that the notes play backwards.
The vocal was performed by Stephen Moore, who had played Marvin on the radio and television series. Moore also narrated the ship's captain on the B-side.
"Metal Man" was the B-side. The song involves a spoken exchange between the starship captain (also played by Moore, as is a cameo radio voice) and the depressed robot Marvin. The starship is falling into a black hole, and can only be saved by assigning control to Marvin. In thanks for saving the ship, Marvin is relegated back to a menial servant. Such is the lot of a robot.
"Marvin" was incorporated into the 2012 live radio show.
The Double B-Side[edit]
"Reasons To Be Miserable" was released in 1981. Its official title was The Double 'B'-Side, and it was a double B-side single released by Polydor[8] on Depressive Discs. The song involves Marvin describing his views on life ("I'd feel a little better if they broke me up for spares", "If I had my time again, I'd rather be a lemming"), to a synthesiser backing. The title is a reference to "Reasons to be Cheerful, Part 3" by Ian Dury.
"Marvin I Love You" was the other B-side. Marvin describes finding a love letter in his data banks eons after receiving it. The female vocal is provided by Kimi Wong-O'Brien. The song was a frequently requested tune on the Dr. Demento radio show, and was featured on one of the Dr. Demento "Greatest Hits" compilation albums. As of 2008, it is ranked 56 out of the top 100 favorite novelty tunes on the official Dr. Demento web site.[9]
Marvin's lullaby[edit]
"How I Hate the Night", also known as "Marvin's lullaby", was published in the book Life, the Universe and Everything, where it is described as "a short dolorous ditty of no tone, or indeed tune." The first verse of "Marvin's Lullaby" appears close to the end of the episode "Fit the Seventeenth", and the second verse soon after the start of "Fit the Eighteenth" as listed below:
Now the world has gone to bed
Darkness won't engulf my head
I can see by infra-red
How I hate the night
Now I lay me down to sleep
Try to count electric sheep
Sweet dream wishes you can keep
How I hate the night
The line "try to count electric sheep" is a reference to Philip K. Dick's novel Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep?, which inspired the movie Blade Runner. According to Don't Panic, Douglas Adams wrote a guitar tune for the lullaby, and thought it should have been released.[10] In the radio series, Stephen Moore sings the words to a tune resembling "Abendsegen" from Humperdinck's opera Hansel and Gretel. The song was performed at the very end of the 2012 live radio show.
Outside the Hitchhiker's universe[edit]
In the episode "Sibling Tsunami" of the animated series My Life as a Teenage Robot, when asked what's wrong, XJ-7, a chronically depressed robot character, replied: "The usual, life, the universe, everything", a reference not only to Marvin, but the "Ultimate Question of Life, the Universe, and Everything", a central tenet of the series' storyline (as well as the title of the third book).
British alternative rock group Radiohead named their 1997 song "Paranoid Android" after Marvin.
Marvin's origins (including those of the Sirius Cybernetics Corporation, and the HitchHikers handheld device) are referenced in the 2008 radio series The Long Dark Tea-Time of the Soul. In episode 4, Dirk Gently phones his friend Richard McDuff, who now works for a new startup, Sirius Cybernetics. Occasionally, background noises of electronic groans and air-pistons can be heard. At the end of the phone call, the electronic voice of Stephen Moore says "Richard, I think we might have a problem with these diodes."[11]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ On Wikiquote
^ Jump up to: a b The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy. p. 92.
^ Jump up to: a b "Exclusive interview with MARVIN... well i mean Stephen Moore !". douglasadams.eu. Archived from the original on March 31, 2012. Retrieved 2011-08-24.
Jump up ^ SOTCAA Records and Tapes. sotcaa.org. Retrieved on 2017-03-27.
Jump up ^ Marvin The Paranoid Android - Marvin (Vinyl) at Discogs. Discogs.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-15.
Jump up ^ Brown, Tony; Jon Kutner; Neil Warwick (2002). The Complete Book of the British Charts (2nd ed.). Omnibus. p. 646. ISBN 0-7119-9075-1.
Jump up ^ Rubenstien, Michael-Anne (March 2002). "Share and Enjoy: M.J. Simpson. A Completely and Utterly Unauthorized Guide to THE HITCHHIKER'S GUIDE". Science Fiction Studies. Greencastle, Indiana: DePauw University. 29 (86, number 1). ISSN 0091-7729. Retrieved October 5, 2012. Fans will not want to miss this book, as it contains information they didn't even know that they didn't even know. For instance, did you know that Marvin is the only robot listed in The Guinness Book of British Hit Singles?
Jump up ^ Marvin The Paranoid Android - The Double B-Side (Vinyl) at Discogs. Discogs.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-15.
Jump up ^ Rank. Solonor.com. Retrieved on 2012-04-15.
Jump up ^ Gaiman, Neil (1993). Don't Panic: Douglas Adams and the Hitch-Hiker's Guide To The Galaxy (2nd ed.). Titan Books. p. 75. ISBN 1-85286-411-7.
Jump up ^ "BBC - BBC Radio 4 Programmes - Dirk Gently's Holistic Detective Agency: The Long Dark Teatime of the Soul, Episode 4". Retrieved 2008-10-27.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Hitchhiker's Guide to the Galaxy#Marvin (The Paranoid Android)
Hitchhiker's portal
BBC's page on Marvin
Marvin's desolated fan page
Marvin's depressing corner of the universe
ZZ9 Plural Z Alpha -The Official HHGTTG Appreciation Society
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text:
1888–89 Football League
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The Football League
Season
1888–89
Champions
Preston North End
(1st English title)
Failed re-election
None
Matches played
132
Goals scored
586 (4.44 per match)
Top goalscorer
John Goodall (Preston North End), 21[1]
Biggest home win
Aston Villa – Notts County 9–1 (29 Sept 1888)
Biggest away win
Notts County – Preston 0–7 (3 Nov 1888)
Highest scoring
10: Aston Villa – Notts County 9–1 (29 Sept 1888)
Bolton – Notts County 7–3 (9 Mar 1889)
Blackburn Rovers – Accrington 5–5 (15 Sept 1888)
Longest winning run
6 – Preston North End (8 Sep – 13 Oct 1888)
Longest unbeaten run
22 – Preston North End (8 Sep 1888 – 9 Feb 1889), the entire season
Longest losing run
8 – Derby County (29 Sep – 8 Dec 1888)
1889–90 →
Founded in 1888, the Football League is the oldest such competition in world football. The 1888–89 Football League was the first edition of the Football League, which ran from the autumn of 1888 until the spring of 1889. The Football League was formally created and named in Manchester during a meeting on 17 April 1888.
The season began on 8 September 1888 with 12 member clubs from the Midlands and North of England: Accrington, Aston Villa, Blackburn Rovers, Bolton Wanderers, Burnley, Derby County, Everton, Notts County, Preston North End, Stoke, West Bromwich Albion and Wolverhampton Wanderers. Each club played the other twice, once at home and once away, and two points were awarded for a win and one for a draw. This point system was not agreed upon until after the season had started; the alternate proposal was one point for a win only.
Contents
1 Final league table
2 Results
3 Team locations
4 Individual statistics
4.1 Top scorers
4.2 Best goalkeepers
5 Preston North End's champion squad
6 The season
6.1 Saturday 8 September 1888: Opening day
6.2 Saturday 15 September 1888: Preston go top of the League
6.3 Saturday 22 September 1888
6.4 Saturday 29 September 1888
6.5 Saturday 6 October 1888
6.6 Saturday 13 October 1888: Preston North End vs West Bromwich Albion
6.7 Saturday 20 October 1888
6.8 Saturday 27 October 1888
6.9 Saturday 3 November 1888
6.10 Saturday 10 November 1888: Preston North End vs Aston Villa
6.11 Monday 12 November 1888
6.12 Saturday 17 November 1888
6.13 Saturday 24 November 1888
6.14 Saturday 8 December 1888
6.15 Saturday 15 December 1888
6.16 Saturday 22 December 1888
6.17 Wednesday 26 December 1888
6.18 Saturday 5 January 1889: Preston Champions
7 See also
8 References
Final league table[edit]
The league rules stated that the bottom four clubs were obliged to retire and seek re-election at the Annual General Meeting (AGM) along with any other clubs wishing to become League members. Stoke, Burnley, Derby County, and Notts County were all re-elected for the 1889-90 season.[2]
Pos
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GR
Pts
Qualification or relegation
1
Preston North End 22 18 4 0 74 15 4.933 40 League Champions
2
Aston Villa 22 12 5 5 61 43 1.419 29
3
Wolverhampton Wanderers 22 12 4 6 50 37 1.351 28
4
Blackburn Rovers 22 10 6 6 66 45 1.467 26
5
Bolton Wanderers 22 10 2 10 63 59 1.068 22
6
West Bromwich Albion 22 10 2 10 40 46 0.870 22
7
Accrington 22 6 8 8 48 48 1.000 20
8
Everton 22 9 2 11 35 46 0.761 20
9
Burnley 22 7 3 12 42 62 0.677 17 Re-elected
10
Derby County 22 7 2 13 41 61 0.672 16
11
Notts County 22 5 2 15 40 73 0.548 12
12
Stoke 22 4 4 14 26 51 0.510 12
Source: [3][4]
Results[edit]
Match results are drawn from The Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation website[3] and Rothmans.[4]
Home \ Away[1] ACC AST BLB BOL BUR DER EVE NTC PNE STK WBA WOL
Accrington 1–1 0–2 2–3 5–1 6–2 3–1 1–2 0–0 2–0 2–1 4–4
Aston Villa 4–3 6–1 6–2 4–2 4–2 2–1 9–1 0–2 5–1 2–0 2–1
Blackburn Rovers 5–5 5–1 4–4 4–2 3–0 3–0 5–2 2–2 5–2 6–2 2–2
Bolton Wanderers 4–1 2–3 3–2 3–4 3–6 6–2 7–3 2–5 2–1 1–2 2–1
Burnley 2–2 4–0 1–7 4–1 1–0 2–2 1–0 2–2 2–1 2–0 0–4
Derby County 1–1 5–2 0–2 2–3 1–0 2–4 3–2 2–3 2–1 1–2 3–0
Everton 2–1 2–0 3–1 2–1 3–2 6–2 2–1 0–2 2–1 1–4 1–2
Notts County 3–3 2–4 3–3 0–4 6–1 3–5 3–1 0–7 0–3 2–1 3–0
Preston North End 2–0 1–1 1–0 3–1 5–2 5–0 3–0 4–1 7–0 3–0 5–2
Stoke 2–4 1–1 2–1 2–2 4–3 1–1 0–0 3–0 0–3 0–2 0–1
West Bromwich Albion 2–2 3–3 2–1 1–5 4–3 5–0 1–0 4–2 0–5 2–0 1–3
Wolverhampton Wanderers 4–0 1–1 2–2 3–2 4–1 4–1 4–0 2–1 0–4 4–1 2–1
Source: [1]
1 ^ The home team is listed in the left-hand column.
Colours: Blue = home team win; Yellow = draw; Red = away team win.
Team locations[edit]
Accrington
Aston Villa
Blackburn Rovers
Bolton Wanderers
Burnley
Derby County
Everton
Notts County
Preston North End
Stoke
West Bromwich Albion
Wolverhampton Wanderers
Locations of the Football League 1888–89 teams
Individual statistics[edit]
Taken from Fußball-Weltzeitschrift, a journal of the International Federation of Football History & Statistics.[5]
Top scorers[edit]
Rank
Nationality
Scorer
Club
Goals
Matches played
Goals per match
1 England John Goodall Preston North End 21 21 1.00
2 Scotland James D. Ross Preston North End 18 21 0.86
3 England Albert Allen Aston Villa 17 21 0.81
4 England John Southworth Blackburn Rovers 16 21 0.76
England Harry Wood Wolverhampton Wanderers 16 17 0.94
6 England Thomas Green Aston Villa 14 21 0.67
7 Scotland James Brogan Bolton Wanderers 13 22 0.59
England David Weir Bolton Wanderers 13 22 0.59
9 England Frederick Dewhurst Preston North End 12 17 0.71
England Herbert L. Fecitt Blackburn Rovers 12 17 0.71
Scotland Billy Barbour Accrington 12 19 0.63
Scotland Sandy Higgins Derby County 12 21 0.57
England Thomas Pearson West Bromwich Albion 12 22 0.55
Best goalkeepers[edit]
Rank
Goalie
Club
Matches played
Goals allowed
Goals allowed per match
1 James Trainer Preston North End 20 13 0.65
Preston North End's champion squad[edit]
Preston North End's champion squad were known as The Invincibles.[5]
Player
Position
Matches played
Goals
John Goodall Centre-forward 22 21
James D. Ross Inside forward 21 18
Frederick Dewhurst Inside forward 16 12
Robert Holmes Full back 22 0
Robert Howarth Right back 18 0
George Drummond Any position including goal 12 1
Johnny Graham Left half 22 0
Jack Gordon Right winger 20 10
Samuel Thompson Left wing among others 16 3
William Graham Centre half 5 0
Richard Whittle Defender 1 1
Jack Edwards 4 3
Jock Inglis Striker 1 1
Archibald Goodall Inside left 2 1
Sandy Robertson Forward 21 3
David Russell Centre half 18 0
James Trainer Goalkeeper 20 0
Dr Robert Mills-Roberts Goalkeeper 2 0
Total matches/goals 22 74
The season[edit]
Saturday 8 September 1888: Opening day[edit]
Ten of the twelve teams took part in the first ever round of Championship fixtures on Saturday, 8 September 1888 and although no league table was published in any of the newspapers of the time West Bromwich Albion would have been the very first table toppers. By modern-day calculations, Derby County would have been the first ever table toppers because of their superior goal difference which was +3 after the first game. Albion won 2-0 at Stoke in front of 4,500 spectators and would have headed Preston North End, Derby County and Everton by virtue of an infinite goal average as they kept a clean sheet. Goal Average was the number of goals scored divided by the number of goals conceded. Goal Average was used to separate teams who were tied on points at that time. Preston defeated Burnley 5-2, Derby were 6-3 winners at Bolton and Everton secured the points in a 2-1 victory over Accrington. Aston Villa defender Gershom Cox was thought to have earned the distinction of scoring the first ever league goal with an unfortunate own goal in a 1-1 draw with Wolverhampton Wanderers and Fred Dewhurst opening the scoring minutes later at Preston with the first intentional goal. However the post-match reports of relative kick-off times show most games were delayed allowing for crowds to assemble. A goal by England and Bolton winger Kenny Davenport 2 minutes into the match against Derby County was scored comfortably before any other and is now regarded as the first ever football league goal.[6]
Saturday 15 September 1888: Preston go top of the League[edit]
Preston North End took over from West Bromwich Albion at the top of the table in their second game on Saturday 15 September 1888 when they won 4-0 at Wolverhampton Wanderers with Archie Goodall scoring on his Preston debut. Albion also won 2-1 at Derby County but the victory gave them an inferior goal average while Everton were the only other club to secure maximum points from their opening two games. Both Blackburn Rovers and Notts County made their respective football league debuts. Rovers were held 5-5 by Accrington while Notts County lost 1-2 at Everton.
Saturday 22 September 1888[edit]
A 2-6 defeat for West Bromwich Albion at Blackburn Rovers and a 1-2 defeat for Everton at Aston Villa left Preston as the only team with a 100% record after three games when they defeated Bolton Wanderers 3-1 at Deepdale. Stoke recorded their first ever league victory 3-0 over Notts County, who themselves replaced Stoke at the foot of the table. County had lost both their opening two fixtures while Bolton had yet to secure a point from three.
Saturday 29 September 1888[edit]
Preston's 100% record was maintained when they won 3-2 at Derby County while second placed Aston Villa set a record victory up to that time when they defeated bottom club Notts County 9-1. Bolton recorded their first ever league victory at the fourth attempt, 6-2 against Everton.
Saturday 6 October 1888[edit]
Richard Whittle marked his Preston debut with a goal in their 7-0 victory over Stoke to take their perfect start to five games. Their lead at the top was doubled to two points when Aston Villa suffered their first defeat of the season 0-2 at Everton. West Bromwich Albion moved up to second after beating Derby County 5-0 while Notts County secured their first ever point at the fourth attempt in a 3-3 draw with Blackburn Rovers yet remained at the foot of the table.
Saturday 13 October 1888: Preston North End vs West Bromwich Albion[edit]
West Bromwich Albion visited Deepdale for the first ever league clash between teams occupying the top two positions at kick off. Albion trailed Preston by two points and required a six-goal victory to overtake the leaders on goal average but Preston stretched their perfect start to six games with a 3-0 victory. Aston Villa moved back into second place, three points behind Preston on the same day when they defeated Blackburn Rovers 6-1. Notts County became the last team to secure a victory when they defeated Everton 3-1 in what was their fifth game.
Saturday 20 October 1888[edit]
Accrington became the first team to gain a point against Preston when they held the league leaders to a 0-0 draw in what was their seventh game of the season. Aston Villa won 3-2 at Bolton to reduce Preston's lead to two points.
Saturday 27 October 1888[edit]
Preston North End extended their unbeaten start to the season to eight games when they defeated Wolverhampton Wanderers 5-2 at Deepdale with John Goodall scoring a hat-trick. Alex McKinnon earned the distinction of being the first player to score a league hat-trick for Everton in their 6-2 victory over Derby County who fell to the bottom of the league as a result of a sensational 6-1 victory for Notts County over Burnley. Blackburn Rovers also enjoyed a comprehensive 5-2 victory over Stoke to climb to sixth in the table.
Saturday 3 November 1888[edit]
Preston stretched their unbeaten start to the season to nine games when Jack Gordon and John Goodall both scored hat-tricks in a 7-0 victory at Notts County. This was Goodall's second hat-trick in consecutive games and took Preston three points clear of Aston Villa who were held 1-1 at Stoke. Blackburn Rovers also scored seven goals away from home at Burnley, who did manage a goal in reply.
Saturday 10 November 1888: Preston North End vs Aston Villa[edit]
When Aston Villa visited Preston North End on Saturday 10 November 1888 it was both teams tenth game of their twenty-two game programme and the second time in history that two teams had played a fixture while occupying the top two positions in the league. Villa went into the game trailing Preston by three points but a 1-1 draw maintained the status quo. Aston Villa were the only team to stop Preston North End winning every home game this season. The Villa also went on to win every home game except one which was against Preston.
Monday 12 November 1888[edit]
Preston's completed the first half of their programme unbeaten when they won 3-0 at Stoke in the only fixture played that day. The result took Preston five points clear of second placed Aston Villa who held one game in hand.
Saturday 17 November 1888[edit]
Preston increased their lead to seven points with a 2-0 defeat of Accrington while Aston Villa were beaten 1-5 at Blackburn Rovers.
Saturday 24 November 1888[edit]
Blackburn Rovers completed a run of five straight victories when they won 2-0 at bottom club Derby to move into third place, eight points behind leaders Preston whose unbeaten start increased to thirteen games with a 5-2 victory at Bolton.
Saturday 8 December 1888[edit]
Bottom club Derby travelled to unbeaten league leaders Preston having not won in nine games, the last seven of which had all ended in defeat. Jock Inglis made his Preston debut and scored in their 5-0 victory
Saturday 15 December 1888[edit]
Preston North End were held to a draw for only the third time at the fifteenth attempt, 2-2 at Burnley. Their nearest challengers, Aston Villa were unable to make any impact into the seven-point deficit though as they too were held 1-1 at Accrington.
Saturday 22 December 1888[edit]
Preston's 3-0 defeat of Everton took their unbeaten start to the season to sixteen games.
Wednesday 26 December 1888[edit]
The top club met the bottom club for the second time in a month as Derby travelled to Preston on Boxing Day. The league leaders repeated the 5-0 score they had achieved in the reverse fixture and, with Aston Villa not playing, they established a nine-point lead having played two games more.
Saturday 5 January 1889: Preston Champions[edit]
A 1-0 victory over Blackburn Rovers on 29 December took Preston North End into the new year still unbeaten with just four games remaining. Their first game of 1889 would be at home to Notts County in a game that would see them crowned champions of the inaugural league with three games to spare provided Aston Villa also lost at Burnley. Notts County arrived at Deepdale having failed to win in seven outings, the last five of which had all ended in defeat and rarely threatened as Preston ran out 4-1 winners. Aston Villa slumped to a 0-4 defeat at Burnley which saw Preston crowned champions. The Deepdale club remained unbeaten in their final three games to complete their league programme unbeaten.
See also[edit]
1888-89 in English football
1888 in association football
1889 in association football
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "English League Leading Goalscorers". RSSSF. Archived from the original on 28 June 2011. Retrieved 2011-06-05.
Jump up ^ "A History of Admission to the Football League". Non League Matters. Retrieved 17 Aug 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "England 1888-89". Rec.Sport.Soccer Statistics Foundation. Archived from the original on 17 March 2010. Retrieved 12 March 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Ian Laschke: Rothmans Book of Football League Records 1888–89 to 1978–79. Macdonald and Jane's, London & Sydney, 1980.
^ Jump up to: a b Fußball-Weltzeitschrift No. 10, Jan/Feb 1988.
Jump up ^ "Solving the mystery of the first goal in league football". 28 July 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2018 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
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The Football League

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values: Edit section: Saturday 8 September 1888: Opening day

values: Edit section: Saturday 15 September 1888: Preston go top of the League

values: Edit section: Saturday 22 September 1888

values: Edit section: Saturday 29 September 1888

values: Edit section: Saturday 13 October 1888: Preston North End vs West Bromwich Albion

values: Edit section: Saturday 10 November 1888: Preston North End vs Aston Villa

values: Edit section: Wednesday 26 December 1888

values: Edit section: Saturday 5 January 1889: Preston Champions

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values: الدوري الإنجليزي لكرة القدم 1888–89 – Arabic

values: Чэмпіянат Ангельшчыны па футболе 1888—1889 гадоў – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

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values: Αγγλικό πρωτάθλημα ποδοσφαίρου ανδρών 1888-1889 – Greek

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values: لیگ فوتبال ۸۹–۱۸۸۸ – Persian

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values: Championnat d'Angleterre de football 1888-1889 – French

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