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AFC East
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AFC East
Conference
American Football Conference
League
National Football League
Sport
American football
Founded
1960 (as the American Football League Eastern Division)
Teams
No. of teams
4
Championships
Most recent AFC East champion(s)
New England Patriots (2016)
Most AFC East titles
New England Patriots (19 titles, have won 8 straight AFC East Titles)
The American Football Conference – Eastern Division or AFC East is a division of the National Football League (NFL)'s American Football Conference (AFC). There are currently four teams that reside in the division: the Buffalo Bills (based in Orchard Park, New York); the Miami Dolphins (based in Miami Gardens, Florida); the New England Patriots (based in Foxborough, Massachusetts); and the New York Jets (based in East Rutherford, New Jersey).
Since the division's enfranchisement in 1960, with the creation of the American Football League, the division has been represented in nineteen Super Bowls and won eight of them. The most recent appearance and championship in the Super Bowl won by an AFC East team was the Patriots in Super Bowl LI.
Entering 2017 the Patriots had the most wins in the division's history, with a record of 476-383-9, with a playoff record of 32-19 (5-4 in Super Bowls) entering the playoffs of that season.[1] The Dolphins were second at 439-341-4 (having played 84 fewer games than their division rivals) with a playoff record of 20-21 (2-3 in Super Bowls).[2] The Bills were at 400-460-8 with a playoff record of 14-15 (with two American Football League titles) but winless having gone to four consecutive Super Bowls.[3] The Jets held a record of 392-468-8, with a playoff record of 12-13 including victory in Super Bowl III.[4]
In 2012, the Patriots broke a tie with the Dolphins for winning the most division titles; with subsequent division titles in 2013, 2014, 2015, and 2016 the Patriots have won 19 AFL/AFC East division titles to Miami's 14. The Bills have won ten division titles, and the Jets have won four.
Two teams formerly in the division combined for ten AFL/AFC East titles – the Houston Oilers (now the Tennessee Titans) won four division titles (and the 1960 and 1961 league titles) during the AFL era[5] while the Baltimore–Indianapolis Colts won six division titles (and Super Bowl V) in the 32 seasons they were in the division.[6]
Contents
[hide]
1 AFL Eastern Division
2 Division lineups
3 Division champions
4 Wildcard Qualifiers
5 Total playoff berths while in the AFL/AFC East
6 See also
7 References
AFL Eastern Division[edit]
The American Football League Eastern Division was formed during the inaugural season of the American Football League in 1960, as a counterpart to the AFL Western Division. The divisional alignment consisted of the Buffalo Bills, Boston Patriots, New York Titans and Houston Oilers. The Miami Dolphins entered the AFL in 1966 as part of its Eastern division.[7]
Locale of the current 4 AFC East teams
The division was absorbed nearly intact with the AFL–NFL merger in 1970, but Houston was moved to the AFC Central (formerly the NFL Century Division, now the AFC North) and replaced by the closer Baltimore Colts (from the NFL Coastal Division, which became the NFC West). Despite relocating to Indianapolis, Indiana in 1984, the Colts continued to play in the AFC East until NFL expansion from 31 to 32 teams with the addition of the Houston Texans (successor club in Houston to the Oilers) and 2002 re-alignment when they were moved to the AFC South (the successor franchise to the Oilers, the Tennessee Titans, is also in the AFC South).[8]
Although Miami is farther south than the home cities of the other three teams, all of which are in the Northeast, all four AFC East teams have historical rivalries among them, dating from their years in the AFL during the 1960s.[9]
None of the AFC East teams currently plays within the central city of their metropolitan area:
The Bills play in Orchard Park, New York. They played in the city of Buffalo from 1960–72.
The Jets play in East Rutherford, New Jersey (they played in the New York City borough of Manhattan from 1960–63, and in the borough of Queens from 1964–83)
The Dolphins play in Miami Gardens, Florida, a suburb of Miami (Miami Gardens was separated from the city itself and incorporated in 2003)
The Patriots play in Foxborough, Massachusetts (they played in Boston, the largest city in New England, until 1970 and adopted their current name in 1971 when they moved into what eventually became known as Foxboro Stadium).
All of the teams are or were coached by a first or second generation member of the Bill Parcells coaching tree: the Patriots have Bill Belichick; the Dolphins had Tony Sparano; the Jets had Eric Mangini (who served as an assistant with both Belichick and Parcells); and the Bills had Dick Jauron (fired on November 17, 2009), who served as an assistant with former Parcells assistant Tom Coughlin. The Jets are now coached by Todd Bowles and the Bills were coached by Rex Ryan for 31 games (the entire 2015-16 season, and he was fired before the last game of the 2016-17 season and replaced with interim Head Coach Anthony Lynn). Parcells himself coached the Patriots (1993–6) and the Jets (1997–9) and was Vice President of Football Operations for the Dolphins until the summer of 2010.[10]
ESPN's Chris Berman often calls this division the "AFC Adams" due to its geographical similarity to the old Adams Division of the NHL, now succeeded by the Atlantic Division.
Along with the AFC (formerly AFL) West, the AFC East is the oldest NFL division in terms of creation date (1960).
Division lineups[edit]
Place cursor over year for division champ or Super Bowl team.
AFL Eastern Division
1900s
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
Buffalo Bills Team not in division
Boston Patriots Division Won AFL Championship
New York Titans New York Jets [C] Division Won AFC Championship
Houston Oilers [B] Division Won Super Bowl
Miami Dolphins [D]
NFL AFC East Division
1900s
2000s
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
00
01
Buffalo Bills
Boston Patriots New England Patriots [A]
New York Jets
Baltimore Colts [E] Indianapolis Colts [F]
Miami Dolphins
AFC East Division after reorganization
2000s
02
03
04
05
06
07
08
09
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
New England Patriots
Buffalo Bills
New York Jets
Miami Dolphins
A Boston Patriots renamed to New England Patriots.
B Houston Oilers move to newly created AFC Central division (1970 season) and later are renamed the Tennessee Oilers (1997 season), then Tennessee Titans (1999 season). Moved to AFC South in 2002.
C New York Titans renamed to New York Jets (1963 season)
D Miami Dolphins enfranchised (1966 season)
E Baltimore Colts merge from NFL's Western Division to AFC East (1970 season)
F Baltimore Colts relocate to Indianapolis subsequently renamed Indianapolis Colts (1984 season). Moved to AFC South in 2002.
Division champions[edit]
Season
Team
Record
Playoff Results
1960 Houston Oilers 10–4–0 Won AFL Championship Game
1961 Houston Oilers 10–3–1 Won AFL Championship Game
1962 Houston Oilers 11–3–0 Lost AFL Championship Game
1963 Boston Patriots 7–6–1 Won Divisional Playoff, Lost AFL Championship Game
1964 Buffalo Bills 12–2–0 Won AFL Championship Game
1965 Buffalo Bills 10–3–1 Won AFL Championship Game
1966 Buffalo Bills 9–4–1 Lost AFL Championship Game
1967 Houston Oilers 9–4–1 Lost AFL Championship Game
1968 New York Jets 11–3–0 Won AFL Championship Game, Won Super Bowl III
1969 New York Jets 10–4–0 Lost Inter-Divisional Playoffs
1970 Baltimore Colts 11–2–1 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl V0
1971 Miami Dolphins 10–3–1 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl VI
1972 Miami Dolphins 14–0–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl VII
1973 Miami Dolphins 12–2–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl VIII
1974 Miami Dolphins 11–3–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1975 Baltimore Colts 10–4–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1976 Baltimore Colts 11–3–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1977 Baltimore Colts 10–4–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1978 New England Patriots 11–5–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1979 Miami Dolphins 10–6–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1980 Buffalo Bills 11–5–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1981 Miami Dolphins 11–4–1 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1982+ Miami Dolphins 7–2–0 Won AFC First Round, Second Round and Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XVII0
1983 Miami Dolphins 12–4–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1984 Miami Dolphins 14–2–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XIX
1985 Miami Dolphins 12–4–0 Won AFC Divisional Playoffs, Lost AFC Championship Game
1986 New England Patriots 11–5–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1987 Indianapolis Colts 9–6–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1988 Buffalo Bills 12–4–0 Won AFC Divisional Playoffs, Lost AFC Championship Game
1989 Buffalo Bills 9–7–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1990 Buffalo Bills 13–3–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XXV
1991 Buffalo Bills 13–3–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XXVI
1992 Miami Dolphins 11–5–0 Won Divisional Game, Lost AFC Championship Game0
1993 Buffalo Bills 12–4–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XXVIII
1994 Miami Dolphins 10–6–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1995 Buffalo Bills 10–6–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1996 New England Patriots 11–5–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XXXI
1997 New England Patriots 10–6–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1998 New York Jets 12–4–0 Won Divisional Game, Lost AFC Championship Game
1999 Indianapolis Colts 13–3–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2000 Miami Dolphins 11–5–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2001 New England Patriots 11–5–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl XXXVI
2002 New York Jets 9–7–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2003 New England Patriots 14–2–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl XXXVIII
2004 New England Patriots 14–2–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl XXXIX
2005 New England Patriots 10–6–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2006 New England Patriots 12–4–0 Won Wild Card and AFC Divisional Games, Lost AFC Championship Game
2007 New England Patriots 16–0–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XLII
2008 Miami Dolphins 11–5–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2009 New England Patriots 10–6–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2010 New England Patriots 14–2–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2011 New England Patriots 13–3–0 Won Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XLVI
2012 New England Patriots 12–4–0 Won AFC Divisional Playoffs, Lost AFC Championship Game
2013 New England Patriots 12–4–0 Won AFC Divisional Playoffs, Lost AFC Championship Game
2014 New England Patriots 12–4–0 Won AFC Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl XLIX
2015 New England Patriots 12–4–0 Won AFC Divisional Playoffs, Lost AFC Championship Game
2016 New England Patriots 14–2–0 Won AFC Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Won Super Bowl LI
2017 TBD 0–0–0 TBD
+ – A players' strike in 1982 reduced the regular season to nine games. Thus, the league used a special 16-team playoff tournament just for this year. Division standings were ignored, Miami had the best record of the division teams.
Wildcard Qualifiers[edit]
Season
Team
Record
Playoff Results
1969 Houston Oilers 06–6–2 Lost AFL Interdivisional Game
1970 Miami Dolphins 10–4–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1971 Baltimore Colts 10–4–0 Won AFC Divisional Playoffs, Lost AFC Championship Game
1974 Buffalo Bills 09–5–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1976 New England Patriots 11–3–0 Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1978 Miami Dolphins 11–5–0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs
1981 New York Jets
Buffalo Bills 10–5–1
10–6–0 Lost Wild Card Playoffs
Won Wild Card Playoffs, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1982+ New York Jets
New England Patriots 06–3–0
05–4–0 Won AFC First Round and Second Round, Lost AFC Championship Game0
Lost AFC First Round
1985 New York Jets
New England Patriots 11–5–0
11–5–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
Won Wild Card, Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XX0
1986 New York Jets 10–6–0 Won Wild Card Game, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1990 Miami Dolphins 12–4–0 Won Wild Card Playoffs, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
1991 New York Jets 08–8–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1992 Buffalo Bills 11–5–0 Won Wild Card, Divisional and AFC Championship Games, Lost Super Bowl XXVII0
1994 New England Patriots 10–6–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1995 Indianapolis Colts
Miami Dolphins 09–7–0
09–7–0 Won Wild Card and AFC Divisional Playoff games, Lost AFC Championship Game0
Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1996 Buffalo Bills
Indianapolis Colts 10–6–0
09–7–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1997 Miami Dolphins 09–7–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1998 Miami Dolphins
Buffalo Bills
New England Patriots 10–6–0
10–6–0
09–7–0 Won Wild Card Playoffs, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
1999 Buffalo Bills
Miami Dolphins 11–5–0
09–7–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
Won Wild Card Playoffs, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2000 Indianapolis Colts 10–6–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2001 Miami Dolphins
New York Jets 11–5–0
10–6–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2004 New York Jets 10–6–0 Won Wild Card Playoffs, Lost AFC Divisional Playoffs
2006 New York Jets 010–6–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
2009 New York Jets 09–7–0 Won Wild Card and AFC Divisional Playoff games, Lost AFC Championship Game0
2010 New York Jets 11–5–0 Won Wild Card and AFC Divisional Playoff games, Lost AFC Championship Game
2016 Miami Dolphins 10–6–0 Lost AFC Wild Card Playoffs
+ – A players' strike in 1982 reduced the regular season to nine games. Thus, the league used a special 16-team playoff tournament just for this year. Division standings were ignored, Miami had the best record of the division teams.
Total playoff berths while in the AFL/AFC East[edit]
(AFC East records 1960–2016 seasons)
Reflects Colts & Oilers results only while in the East Division.
In the sortable table below, teams can be ordered by name, number of division wins, playoff berths, or titles.
Team
Division
Titles
Playoff
Berths
AFL
Titles
AFC
Championships
Super Bowl
Championships
New England Patriots 1401 ! 19 24 !24 0 9 5
Miami Dolphins 1402 ! 14 23 !23 0 5 2
Buffalo Bills 0701 ! 10 17 ! 17 2 4 0
New York Jets 0402 ! 4 14 !14 1 0 1
Indianapolis Colts1* 0601 ! 6 10 ! 10 0 1 1
Houston Oilers2* 0401 ! 4 05 !5 201 !2 0 0
AFC East
-Division--
Titles
-Playoff-
Berths
AFL
-Titles-
AFC
-Championships-
Super Bowl
-Championships-
Totals- 1960–2016 56 93 5 19 9
1 Realigned from NFL West in 1970 merger. Known as the Baltimore Colts before 1984. Realigned into the AFC South beginning with the 2002 NFL season.
2 Realigned into the AFC Central in 1970 merger, and into the AFC South in 2002. Known as Tennessee Oilers from 1997–98, and Tennessee Titans since 1999.
See also[edit]
Bills–Dolphins rivalry
Dolphins–Jets rivalry
Jets–Patriots rivalry
Colts–Patriots rivalry
Bills-Patriots rivalry
Bills-Jets rivalry
Dolphins-Patriots rivalry
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Boston/New England Patriots Team Encyclopedia - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
Jump up ^ "Miami Dolphins Team Encyclopedia - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
Jump up ^ "Buffalo Bills Team Encyclopedia - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
Jump up ^ "New York Jets Team Encyclopedia - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
Jump up ^ "Houston Oilers/Tennessee Oilers/Tennessee Titans Team Encyclopedia - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
Jump up ^ "Baltimore/Indianapolis Colts Team Encyclopedia - Pro-Football-Reference.com". Pro-Football-Reference.com.
Jump up ^ Urena, Ivan (11 December 2013). "Pro Football Schedules: A Complete Historical Guide from 1933 to the Present". McFarland – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ "NFL and AFL announce merger - Jun 08, 1966 - HISTORY.com".
Jump up ^ "Clayton: AFC South could be worst division ever".
Jump up ^ "Bill Parcells thinks Miami Dolphins could make a run at the AFC East title".
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Buffalo Bills
Founded in 1960
Based and headquartered in Orchard Park, New York
Franchise
Franchise
History
Players
Seasons
Pro Bowl selections
First-round draft picks
Starting quarterbacks
Coaches
Logos and uniforms
NFL in Toronto
Bills series
Stadiums
War Memorial Stadium
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Lore
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Rivalries
Miami Dolphins
New England Patriots
New York Jets
Division championships (10)
1964
1965
1966
1980
1988
1989
1990
1991
1993
1995
Conference championships (4)
1990
1991
1992
1993
League championships (2)
1964
1965
Wall of Fame
Simpson
Kemp
McGroder
Sestak
Shaw
Wilson
12th Man
Dubenion
Stratton
Ferguson
Levy
DeLamielleure
James
Abramoski
Kalsu
Saimes
Kelly
Smerlas
Hull
Talley
Ritcher
Thomas
Reed
Tasker
Smith
Edgerson
Hansen
Polian
Miller
Saban
Media
Broadcasters
Radio
Radio Network
WGR 550
Television
MSG Western New York
Personalities:
John Murphy
Van Miller
Mark Kelso
Steve Tasker
Owners
Wilson
Pegula family
Terry
Kim
Current league affiliations
League: National Football League (1970–present)
Conference: American Football Conference
Division: East Division
Former league affiliation
League: American Football League (1960–1969)
Seasons (58)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Championship seasons in bold
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Miami Dolphins
Founded in 1966
Based in Miami Gardens, Florida
Headquartered in Davie, Florida
Franchise
Franchise
History
Seasons
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Players
First-round draft picks
Starting quarterbacks
Records
Honor roll
Training facility
Broadcasters
Stadiums
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Culture
"Fins" (Jimmy Buffett song)
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T. D.
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Buffalo Bills
New England Patriots
New York Jets
Tampa Bay Buccaneers
Division championships (13)
1971
1972
1973
1974
1979
1981
1983
1984
1985
1992
1994
2000
2008
Conference championships (5)
1971
1972
1973
1982
1984
League championships (2)
1972 (VII)
1973 (VIII)
Retired numbers
12
13
39
Current league affiliations
League: National Football League (1970–present)
Conference: American Football Conference
Division: East Division
Former league affiliation
League: American Football League (1966–1969)
Seasons (52)
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Championship seasons in bold
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New England Patriots
Founded in 1960
Formerly the Boston Patriots (1960–70)
Based and headquartered in Foxborough, Massachusetts
Franchise
Franchise
History
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Seasons
Players
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Cheerleaders
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Lore
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Butt fumble
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Rivalries
Buffalo Bills
Miami Dolphins
New York Jets
Denver Broncos
Indianapolis Colts
Brady–Manning rivalry
Division championships (19)
1963
1978
1986
1996
1997
2001
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
Conference championships (9)
1985
1996
2001
2003
2004
2007
2011
2014
2016
League championships (5)
2001 (XXXVI)
2003 (XXXVIII)
2004 (XXXIX)
2014 (XLIX)
2016 (LI)
Retired numbers
20
40
56
57
73
78
79
89
Media
Broadcasters
WBZ-FM
Radio network
Gil Santos
Gino Cappelletti
Bob Socci
Scott Zolak
Current league affiliations
League: National Football League (1970–present)
Conference: American Football Conference
Division: East Division
Former league affiliation
League: American Football League (1960–1969)
Seasons (58)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Championship seasons in bold
[show]
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New York Jets
Founded in 1960
Formerly the New York Titans (1960–62)
Based in East Rutherford, New Jersey
Headquartered in Florham Park, New Jersey
Franchise
Franchise
History
Seasons
Players
Coaches
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Stadiums
Polo Grounds
Shea Stadium
Giants Stadium
MetLife Stadium
Culture
Fireman Ed
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The Wonder Years
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Generation Jets
The King of Queens
Lore
Heidi Game
The Guarantee
Announcerless Game
New York Sack Exchange
Clock Play
The Monday Night Miracle
Spygate
Butt fumble
Rivalries
Buffalo Bills
Miami Dolphins
New England Patriots
New York Giants
Key personnel
Owner: Woody Johnson
Chairman/ CEO: Christopher Johnson
President Neil Glat
General Manager: Mike Maccagnan
Head Coach: Todd Bowles
Division championships (4)
1968
1969
1998
2002
League championships (1†)
1968 (III)
† does not include 1968 AFL championship
Retired numbers
12
13
28
73
90
Ewbank
Media
Broadcasters
WEPN
WEPN-FM
WCBS-TV
SportsNet New York
Current league affiliations
League: National Football League (1970–present)
Conference: American Football Conference
Division: East Division
Former league affiliation
League: American Football League (1960–1969)
Seasons (58)
1960
1961
1962
1963
1964
1965
1966
1967
1968
1969
1970
1971
1972
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
Championship seasons in bold
Book:New York Jets
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text:
Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Pattycake" redirects here. For the gorilla by the same name, see Pattycake (gorilla).
"Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man"
William Wallace Denslow illustrations for Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man, from a 1901 edition of Mother Goose
Nursery rhyme
Published
1698
Songwriter(s)
Unknown
Tommy (or me), according to Denslow
"Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man", "Pat-a-cake", "patty-cake" or "pattycake" is one of the oldest and most widely known surviving English nursery rhymes. It has a Roud Folk Song Index number of 6486.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Verse
2 Origins
3 Tune
4 Game
5 Tennis
6 Notes
Verse[edit]
Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man.
Bake me a cake as fast as you can
Pat it, and prick it, and mark it with a "B"
And put it in the oven for baby and me!
Origins[edit]
The earliest recorded version of the rhyme appears in Thomas D'Urfey's play The Campaigners from 1698, where a nurse says to her charges:
...and pat a cake Bakers man, so I will master as I can, and prick it, and prick it, and prick it, and prick it, and prick it, and throw't into the Oven.
The next appearance is in Mother Goose's Melody, (c. 1765), in the form:
Patty Cake, Patty Cake,
Baker's Man;
That I will Master,
As fast as I can;
Pat it and prick it,
And mark it with a T,
And there will be enough for Tommy and me.[2]
Marking pastry or baked goods with an identifiable mark may stem from a time when households that did not own an oven of their own could have brought their items to a local baker or bake house, paying to have their items finished for a small fee. Marking the pastry would have been a way to ensure the return of the proper item. [3]
Tune[edit]
The earliest version set to music appears in 'A Christmas Box' by James Hook, published in 1796. [4]
Game[edit]
A common style of playing pat-a-cake.
The rhyme is often accompanied by hand-clapping between two people, a clapping game. It alternates between a normal individual clap with two-handed claps with the other person. The hands may be crossed as well. This allows for a possibly complex sequence of clapping that must be coordinated between the two. If told by a parent to a child, the "B" and "baby" in the last two lines are sometimes replaced by the child's first initial and first name.[2]
Tennis[edit]
A pat-a-cake serve is a serve in which the racket is not swung behind the head (as in a proper serve). It is often used by beginning players, or players who never had formal training. The term is considered pejorative.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Roud Folksong Index S218300 Pat-a-cake, pat-a-cake, baker's man". Vaughan Williams Memorial Library. English Folk Dance and Song Society. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b I. Opie and P. Opie, The Oxford Dictionary of Nursery Rhymes (Oxford University Press, 1951, 2nd edn., 1997), pp. 341–2. ISBN 9780198600886.
Jump up ^ Horrible Histories:Gorgeous Georgians
Jump up ^ Christmas Box by Mr Hook [1](page 13)
[hide]
v
t
e
Nursery rhymes (list)
"A-Tisket, A-Tasket"
"Aiken Drum"
"Baa, Baa, Black Sheep"
"Did You Ever See a Lassie?"
"Hey Diddle Diddle"
"Hickory Dickory Dock"
"Hot Cross Buns"
"Humpty Dumpty"
"I'm a Little Teapot"
"It's Raining, It's Pouring"
"Jack and Jill"
"Little Bo-Peep"
"Little Boy Blue"
"Little Jack Horner"
"Little Miss Muffet"
"Mary Had a Little Lamb"
"Mary, Mary, Quite Contrary"
"Old King Cole"
"Old MacDonald Had a Farm"
"Old Mother Hubbard"
"Peter Piper"
"Polly Put the Kettle On"
"Poor Mary"
"Pop Goes the Weasel"
"Pussy Cat Pussy Cat"
"Rain Rain Go Away"
"Roses Are Red"
"Rub-a-dub-dub"
"Simple Simon"
"Sing a Song of Sixpence"
"Sticks and Stones"
"The Grand Old Duke of York"
"The Queen of Hearts"
"There was an Old Woman Who Lived in a Shoe"
"Three Little Kittens"
"Twinkle, Twinkle, Little Star"
Clapping
"A Sailor Went to Sea"
"Down Down Baby"
"Mary Mack"
"Miss Susie"
"Miss Lucy"
"Pat-a-cake"
"Pretty Little Dutch Girl"
"Pease Porridge Hot"
"Stella Ella Ola"
Counting
"Duck, duck, goose"
"Eeny, meeny, miny, moe"
"One, Two, Buckle My Shoe"
"One, Two, Three, Four, Five"
"This Old Man"
"Tinker, Tailor"
Finger-
plays
"Five Little Monkeys"
"Five Little Ducks"
"Five Little Speckled Frogs"
"Itsy Bitsy Spider"
"Little Robin Redbreast"
"Round and Round the Garden"
"This Little Piggy"
"Two Little Dickie Birds"
Games
"London Bridge"
"The Muffin Man"
"Mulberry Bush"
"Oranges and Lemons"
"Ring a Ring o' Roses"
"The Farmer in the Dell"
Riddle
"As I was going to St Ives"
Lullabies
"Hush, Little Baby"
"Rock-a-bye Baby"
Rounds
"Ding Dong Bell"
"Frère Jacques"
"Kookaburra"
"Row, Row, Row Your Boat"
"Scotland's Burning"
"Three Blind Mice"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pat-a-cake,_pat-a-cake,_baker%27s_man&oldid=841895763"
Categories:
Clapping games
Children's games
Roud Folk Song Index songs
English nursery rhymes
Songwriter unknown
Year of song unknown
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text:
Capricorn (astrology)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the constellation, see Capricornus.
Capricorn
Zodiac symbol
Fish–goat hybrid
Duration (tropical, western)
December 21 – January 20 (2017, UT1)[1]
Constellation
Capricornus
Zodiac element
Earth
Zodiac quality
Cardinal
Sign ruler
Saturn
Detriment
Moon
Exaltation
Mars
Fall
Jupiter, Neptune
Capricorn (♑) /ˈkæp.rɪˌkɔːrn/ is the tenth astrological sign in the zodiac, originating from the constellation of Capricornus. It spans the 270–300th degree of the zodiac, corresponding to celestial longitude. Under the tropical zodiac, the sun transits this area from December 22 to January 19 each year, and under the sidereal zodiac, the sun transits the constellation of Capricorn from approximately January 16 to February 16. In astrology, Capricorn is considered an earth sign, negative sign,[2][3] and one of the four cardinal signs. Capricorn is said to be ruled by the planet Saturn. Its symbol is based on the Sumerians' primordial god of wisdom and waters, Enki,[4] with the head and upper body of a goat and the lower body and tail of a fish.[5] Later known as Ea in Akkadian and Babylonian mythology, Enki was the god of intelligence (gestú, literally "ear"), creation, crafts; magic; water, seawater and lakewater (a, aba, ab).[6]
The goat part of the symbol depicts ambition, resolute, intelligence, curiosity, but also steadiness, and ability to thrive in inhospitable environments while the fish represents passion, spirituality, intuition, and connection with the soul.[5] Individuals born between December 21 to January 19 may be called Capricornian.[7]
Capricorn is third and last of the earth signs in the zodiac, the other two being Taurus and Virgo.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cultural significance
2 References
2.1 Citations
2.2 Sources
3 External links
Cultural significance[edit]
In India, the day when the Sun enters the sidereal zodiac sign of Capricorn is celebrated as the Makara Sankranti festival.[8] The Indian astronomical calendar is not based on the Western Gregorian or Julian date keeping system but has a differential lag. Hence, the festival is celebrated on either of 14 or 15 January every year, when, as per the Indian astronomical calendar, the Sun enters the Capricorn sign.
References[edit]
Citations[edit]
Jump up ^ Astronomical Applications Department 2011.
Jump up ^ Mayo 1979, pp. 38–41.
Jump up ^ Ciubotaru 2008.
Jump up ^ Enki n.d.
^ Jump up to: a b Adams 2014
Jump up ^ Augustin n.d.
Jump up ^ Capricornian 2016.
Jump up ^ Makar sankranti festival 2016.
Sources[edit]
Astronomical Applications Department (2011). Multiyear Computer Interactive Almanac. 2.2.2. Washington DC: US Naval Observatory. Longitude of Sun, apparent geocentric ecliptic of date, interpolated to find time of crossing 0°, 30°.... The year stated applies to the December date; the year for the January date is one year greater.
Adams, Leeuba Leshia (2014). "Astrology Vocation".
Augustin, M. (n.d.). "Capricorn Mythology, what is it about?".
"Capricornian". dictionary.com.
Ciubotaru, Dan (February 1, 2008). "Capricorn, Scorpio, Leo: In search of power". [dead link]
"Enki". n.d.
Heindel, Max (1919). Simplified Scientific Astrology: A Complete Textbook on the Art of Erecting a Horoscope, with Philosophic Encyclopedia and Tables of Planetary Hours (4 ed.). Rosicrucian Fellowship. OCLC 36106074.
"Makar sankranti festival".
Mayo, Jeff (1979). Teach Yourself Astrology. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
External links[edit]
The dictionary definition of Capricorn at Wiktionary
Media related to Capricorn at Wikimedia Commons
Warburg Institute Iconographic Database (over 300 medieval and early modern images of Capricorn)
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