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Cut, copy, and paste
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"Copy & Paste" redirects here. For the album, see Hurricane Venus.
For other uses, see Cut and paste (disambiguation).
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Cut, copy and paste icons in ERP5
In human–computer interaction, cut, copy and paste are related commands that offer a user-interface interprocess communication technique for transferring data. The cut command removes the selected data from its original position, while the copy command creates a duplicate; in both cases the selected data is kept in a temporary storage tool called the clipboard. The data in the clipboard is later inserted in the position where the paste command is issued. The data is available to any application supporting the feature, thus allowing easy data transfer between applications.
The command names are an interface metaphor based on the physical procedure used in manuscript editing to create a page layout.
This interaction technique has close associations with related techniques in graphical user interfaces that use pointing devices such as a computer mouse (by drag and drop, for example).
The capability to replicate information with ease, changing it between contexts and applications, involves privacy concerns because of the risks of disclosure when handling sensitive information. Terms like cloning, copy forward, carry forward, or re-use refer to the dissemination of such information through documents, and may be subject to regulation by administrative bodies.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Origins
1.2 Early methods
1.3 Popularization
2 Cut and paste
3 Copy and paste
4 Find and go
5 Common keyboard shortcuts
6 Copy and paste automation
7 Additional differences between moving and copying
8 Multiple clipboards
9 Use in healthcare
10 Use in software development
11 See also
12 References
13 External links
History[edit]
Origins[edit]
The term "cut and paste" comes from the traditional practice in manuscript-editings whereby people would cut paragraphs from a page with scissors and paste them onto another page. This practice remained standard into the 1980s. Stationery stores formerly sold "editing scissors" with blades long enough to cut an 8½"-wide page. The advent of photocopiers made the practice easier and more flexible.
The act of copying/transferring text from one part of a computer-based document ("buffer") to a different location within the same or different computer-based document was a part of the earliest on-line computer editors. As soon as computer data entry moved from punch-cards to online files (in the mid/late 1960s) there were "commands" for accomplishing this operation. This mechanism was often used to transfer frequently-used commands or text snippets from additional buffers into the document, as was the case with the QED editor.[2]
Early methods[edit]
The earliest editors, since they were designed for teleprinter terminals, provided keyboard commands to delineate contiguous regions of text, remove such regions, or move them to some other location in the file. Since moving a region of text required first removing it from its initial location and then inserting it into its new location various schemes had to be invented to allow for this multi-step process to be specified by the user.
Often this was done by the provision of a 'move' command, but some text editors required that the text be first put into some temporary location for later retrieval/placement. In 1983, the Apple Lisa became the first text editing system to call that temporary location "the clipboard".
Earlier control schemes such as NLS used a verb-object command structure, where the command name was provided first and the object to be copied or moved was second. The inversion from verb-object to object-verb on which copy and paste are based, where the user selects the object to be operated before initiating the operation, was an innovation crucial for the success of the desktop metaphor as it allowed copy and move operations based on direct manipulation.[3]
Popularization[edit]
Inspired by early line and character editors that broke a move or copy operation into two steps—between which the user could invoke a preparatory action such as navigation—Lawrence G. Tesler (Larry Tesler) proposed the names "cut" and "copy" for the first step and "paste" for the second step. Beginning in 1974, he and colleagues at Xerox Corporation Palo Alto Research Center (PARC) implemented several text editors that used cut/copy-and-paste commands to move/copy text.[4]
Apple Computer widely popularized the computer-based cut/copy-and-paste paradigm through the Lisa (1983) and Macintosh (1984) operating systems and applications. Apple mapped the functionalities to key combinations consisting of the Command key (a special modifier key) held down while typing the letters X (for cut), C (for copy), and V (for paste), choosing a handful of keyboard shortcuts to control basic editing operations. The keys involved all cluster together at the left end of the bottom row of the standard QWERTY keyboard, and each key is combined with a special modifier key to perform the desired operation:
Z to undo
X to cut
C to copy
V to paste
The IBM Common User Access (CUA) standard also uses combinations of the Insert, Del, Shift and Control keys. Early versions of Windows[dubious – discuss] used the IBM standard. Microsoft later also adopted the Apple key combinations with the introduction of Windows[dubious – discuss], using the control key as modifier key. For users migrating to Windows from MS-DOS this was a big change as MS-DOS users used the "copy" and "move" commands.
Similar patterns of key combinations, later borrowed by others, remain widely available today[update] in most GUI text editors, word processors, and file system browsers.
Cut and paste[edit]
Computer-based editing can involve very frequent use of cut-and-paste operations. Most software-suppliers provide several methods for performing such tasks, and this can involve (for example) key combinations, pulldown menus, pop-up menus, or toolbar buttons.
The user selects or "highlights" the text or file for moving by some method, typically by dragging over the text or file name with the pointing-device or holding down the Shift key while using the arrow keys to move the text cursor.
The user performs a "cut" operation via key combination Ctrl+x (⌘+x for Macintosh users), menu, or other means.
Visibly, "cut" text immediately disappears from its location. "Cut" files typically change color to indicate that they will be moved.
Conceptually, the text has now moved to a location often called the clipboard. The clipboard typically remains invisible. On most systems only one clipboard location exists, hence another cut or copy operation overwrites the previously stored information. Many UNIX text-editors provide multiple clipboard entries, as do some Macintosh programs such as Clipboard Master,[5] and Windows clipboard-manager programs such as the one in Microsoft Office.
The user selects a location for insertion by some method, typically by clicking at the desired insertion point.
A paste operation takes place which visibly inserts the clipboard text at the insertion point. (The paste operation does not typically destroy the clipboard text: it remains available in the clipboard and the user can insert additional copies at other points).
Whereas cut-and-paste often takes place with a mouse-equivalent in Windows-like GUI environments, it may also occur entirely from the keyboard, especially in UNIX text editors, such as Pico or vi. Cutting and pasting without a mouse can involve a selection (for which Ctrl+x is pressed in most graphical systems) or the entire current line, but it may also involve text after the cursor until the end of the line and other more sophisticated operations.
When a software environment provides cut and paste functionality, a nondestructive operation called copy usually accompanies them; copy places a copy of the selected text in the clipboard without removing it from its original location.
The clipboard usually stays invisible, because the operations of cutting and pasting, while actually independent, usually take place in quick succession, and the user (usually) needs no assistance in understanding the operation or maintaining mental context. Some application programs provide a means of viewing, or sometimes even editing, the data on the clipboard.
Copy and paste[edit]
The term "copy-and-paste" refers to the popular, simple method of reproducing text or other data from a source to a destination. It differs from cut and paste in that the original source text or data does not get deleted or removed. The popularity of this method stems from its simplicity and the ease with which users can move data between various applications visually – without resorting to permanent storage.
Once one has copied data into the clipboard, one may paste the contents of the clipboard into a destination document.
The X Window System maintains an additional clipboard containing the most recently selected text; middle-clicking pastes the content of this "selection" clipboard into whatever the pointer is on at that time.
Most terminal emulators and some other applications support the key combinations Ctrl-Insert to copy and Shift-Insert to paste. This is in accordance with the IBM Common User Access (CUA) standard.
Find and go[edit]
The NeXTStep operating system extended the concept of having a single copy buffer by adding a second system-wide Find buffer used for searching. The Find buffer is also available in macOS.
Text can be placed in the Find buffer by either using the Find panel or by selecting text and hitting ⌘+E.
The text can then be searched with Find Next ⌘+G and Find Previous ⌘+D.
The functionality comes in handy when for example editing source code. To find the occurrence of a variable or function name elsewhere in the file, simply select the name by double clicking, hit ⌘+E and then jump to the next or previous occurrence with ⌘+G / ⌘+D.
Note that this does not destroy your copy buffer as with other UIs like Windows or the X Window System.
Together with copy and paste this can be used for quick and easy replacement of repeated text:
select the text that you want to replace (i.e. by double clicking)
put the text in the Find buffer with ⌘+E
overwrite the selected text with your replacement text
select the replacement text (try ⎇+⇧+← to avoid lifting your hands from the keyboard)
copy the replacement text ⌘+C
find the next or previous occurrence ⌘+G / ⌘+D
paste the replacement text ⌘+V
repeat the last two steps as often as needed
or in short:
select ⌘+ E, replstr, ⎇+⇧+←, ⌘+C, ⌘+G, ⌘+V, ⌘+G, ⌘+V ...
While this might sound a bit complicated at first, it is often much faster than using the find panel, especial when only a few occurrences shall be replaced or when only some of the occurrences shall be replaced. When a text shall not be replaced, simply hit ⌘+G again to skip to the next occurrence.
The find buffer is system wide. That is, if you enter a text in the find panel (or with ⌘+E) in one application and then switch to another application you can immediately start searching without having to enter the search text again.
Common keyboard shortcuts[edit]
Cut
Copy
Paste
Apple
⌘ Command+X ⌘ Command+C ⌘ Command+V
Windows/GNOME/KDE
Control+X / ⇧ Shift+Delete Control+C / Control+Insert Control+V / ⇧ Shift+Insert
GNOME/KDE terminal emulators
⇧ Shift+Control+C / Control+Insert ⇧ Shift+Control+V / ⇧ Shift+Control+Insert
(⇧ Shift+Insert for pasting selected text)
BeOS
Alt+X Alt+C Alt+V
Common User Access
⇧ Shift+Delete Control+Insert ⇧ Shift+Insert
Emacs
Control+W (to mark)
Control+K (to end of line) meta+W (to mark) Control+Y
vi
d (delete) y (yank) p (put)
X Window System
click-and-drag to highlight middle mouse button
Copy and paste automation[edit]
Copying data one by one from one application to another, such as from Excel to a web form, might involve a lot of manual work. Copy and paste can be automated with the help of a program that would iterate through the values list and paste them to the active application window. Such programs might come in the form of macros or dedicated programs which involve more or less scripting. Alternatively, applications supporting simultaneous editing may be used to copy or move collections of items.
Additional differences between moving and copying[edit]
In a spreadsheet, moving (cut and paste) need not equate to copying (copy and paste) and then deleting the original: when moving, references to the moved cells may move accordingly.
Windows Explorer also differentiates moving from merely copy-and-delete: a "cut" file will not actually disappear until pasted elsewhere and cannot be pasted more than once. The icon fades to show the transient "cut" state until it is pasted somewhere. Cutting a second file while the first one is cut will release the first from the "cut" state and leave it unchanged. Shift+Delete cannot be used to cut files; instead it deletes them without using the Recycle bin.
Multiple clipboards[edit]
Several editors allow copying text into or pasting text from specific clipboards, typically using a special keystroke-sequence to specify a particular clipboard-number.
Clipboard managers can be very convenient productivity-enhancers by providing many more features than system-native clipboards. Thousands of clips from the clip history are available for future pasting, and can be searched, edited, or deleted. Favorite clips that a user frequently pastes (for example, the current date, or the various fields of a user's contact info) can be kept standing ready to be pasted with a few clicks or keystrokes.
Similarly, a kill ring provides a LIFO stack used for cut-and-paste operations as a type of clipboard capable of storing multiple pieces of data.[6] For example, the GNU Emacs text editor provides a kill ring.[7] Each time a user performs a cut or copy operation, the system adds the affected text to the ring. The user can then access the contents of a specific (relatively numbered) buffer in the ring when performing a subsequent paste-operation. One can also give kill-buffers individual names, thus providing another form of multiple-clipboard functionality.
Use in healthcare[edit]
Concerns have been raised over the use of copy and paste functions in healthcare documentation and electronic health records. There is potential for the introduction of errors, information overload, and fraud.[1][8]
Use in software development[edit]
Copy and paste programming is an antipattern arising from the careless pasting of pre-existing code into another source code file.
See also[edit]
Clipboard
Control key
Cut and paste job
Drag and drop
Photomontage
Publishing Interchange Language
Simultaneous editing
X Window selection
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Laubach, Lori; Wakefield, Catherine (June 8, 2012). "Cloning and Other Compliance Risks in Electronic Medical Records" (PDF). Moss Adams LLP, MultiCare. Archived (PDF) from the original on August 20, 2014. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ Deutsch, L. Peter; Lampson, Butler W. (1967), "An online editor", Communications of the ACM, 10 (12): 793–799, 803, doi:10.1145/363848.363863, archived from the original on 2013-05-26 , p. 793.
Jump up ^ Kuhn, Werner (1993). "Metaphors create theories for users". Spatial Information Theory A Theoretical Basis for GIS. Springer: 366–376.
Jump up ^ "Bill Moggridge, Designing Interactions, MIT Press 2007, pp. 63–68". Designinginteractions.com. Archived from the original on 2011-11-17. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
Jump up ^ "Clipboard Master". Clipboard Master 2.0 by In Phase Consulting, July 1994. Retrieved 14 September 2009.
Jump up ^ "GKB (Generic Knowledge Base) Editor user's manual". Artificial Intelligence Center. SRI International. Archived from the original on 2011-09-27. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
Jump up ^ "GNU Emacs manual". Gnu.org. Archived from the original on 2011-11-26. Retrieved 2011-11-25.
Jump up ^ "Appropriate Use of the Copy and Paste Functionality in Electronic Health Records" (PDF). American Health Information Management Association. March 17, 2014. Archived from the original (PDF) on March 12, 2016. Retrieved April 23, 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Cut, copy, and paste.
2. Peer-to-Peer Communication by Means of Selections in the ICCCM
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Martínez (surname)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about those with the surname Martínez and variants. For places and other uses, see Martínez.
Martínez
Martínez is the most common surname in Navarre, La Rioja, Cuenca and Murcia
Pronunciation
Spanish: [marˈtineθ], in Latin America: [marˈtines]
Language(s)
Spanish
Origin
Region of origin
Spain (Europe)
Meaning
"son of Martín"
Other names
Variant(s)
Martins, Martinson, Martiner, Martinek, Martens, Martinov, Martine etc.
Martínez (often spelled without the acute accent on the "i") is a common surname in the Spanish language. Martínez is the most common surname in the Spanish regions of Navarre, La Rioja, Cuenca and Murcia. There are also variations such as San Martin and Martín (with an accent on the "i").
It originated as a patronymic surname, meaning "son of Martín" (English: Martin).
Among Mozarabs, the name was Arabized to "Mardanish" (e.g. Ibn Mardanish) (as well as other patronymics such as Hernandez and Gomez).[citation needed]
It is also used sometimes as a component word of a multi-word surname such as Martínez del Río. Martínez comes from the personal name "Martin", itself derived from the Latin Martinus, whose root is Mars, the name of the Roman god of fertility and war. The name Martin became popular throughout Christian Europe after it was borne by a famous 4th-century saint who was active in Roman Gaul (now France), Martin of Tours.
Martínez is a widely spread surname (among other European surnames) due in large part to the global influence of the Spanish culture on territories and colonies in the Americas, Africa and Asia. Likewise, due to emigration throughout Europe, Martínez is relatively common in countries neighboring or near Spain, such as: Andorra, Portugal, France, Switzerland and Italy.
In the United States, according to the 1990 Census, "Martinez" ranked nineteenth among all surnames reported, accounting for 0.23% of the population.[1] In France according to a 1990 census, "Martinez" ranked sixteenth among all surnames reported.[2]
The Portuguese equivalent of Martínez is Martins meaning "son of Martin". The Italian equivalents are: Martinelli, Martinolli, Martini, Martino, DiMartini, and DiMartino. The Romanian equivalent is Martinescu.
The following list is drawn from around the globe.
Contents
1 Arts
2 Business
3 Military
4 Politics
5 Sciences
6 Society
7 Sports
8 See also: Disambiguation pages
9 References
Arts[edit]
Acting and comedy
A Martinez, American actor
Albert Martinez, Filipino actor
Carlos Martínez, Spanish mime actor
Francesca Martinez, English comedian and actor
Kris Martinez, American comedian and entertainer also known as Kristory
Larry Martínez (birth name of El Moreno Michael), Venezuelan entertainer
Mariano Martínez (born 1978), Argentine actor and model
Natalia Martínez Streignard (born 1970) Venezuelan actress
Natalie Martinez, American model and actress
Olivier Martinez, French actor
Ray Martínez, Cuban-American musician
Ricky Martinez, Mexican born, American/Dominican, gay adult film actor
Shelly Martinez (born 1980), Mexican American model, actress. Also known as a professional wrestler and valet
Ursula Martinez, Anglo-Spanish, English-based writer and cabaret performer
Patrice Martinez, American Actress
Benito Martinez, American Actor
Yoya Martinez, Chilean actress
Design and fashion
Francesca Martinez, Italian top model
Raúl Martínez, Cuban designer, photographer, muralist, and graphic artist. Also painter
Soraida Martinez, American artist/designer, creator of "Verdadism" art
Silvia Martínez, Venezuelan pageant titleholder
Journalism
Andrés Martínez, American newspaper editor of the Los Angeles Times
Eduardo Martínez Celis, Mexican journalist
Walter Martinez, Venezuelan journalist
Regina Martínez Pérez, Mexican journalist for Proceso
Literature
Alfonso Martínez de Toledo, medieval Spanish poet
Guillermo Martínez, Argentine novelist
J. Michael Martinez, American poet
Tomás Eloy Martínez, Argentine novelist and journalist
Music
Angie Martinez, hiphop artist and radio/television personality
Ana María Martínez, Puerto Rican opera singer
Benito Martínez, Puerto Rican singer known professionally as Bad Bunny
Cliff Martinez, American film-score composer and former drummer
Cruz Martínez, American musician and record producer
Henry Martínez, Venezuelan songwriter
Melanie Martinez, American singer, songwriter and music video director
S. A. Martinez, vocalist for the rock band "311"
Sabu Martinez, American conguero and percussionist
Tony Martinez, actor, singer, and bandleader; played Pepino Garcia on The Real McCoys from 1957 to 1963
Painting and sculpture
Denis Martinez (1941), French painter
Jacques Martinez, French painter and sculptor
Raúl Martínez, Cuban painter; also designer, photographer, muralist, and graphic artist
Santiago Martínez Delgado, Colombian painter and sculptor
Soraida Martinez, Artist, Creator of Verdadism
Xavier Martínez, Mexican American painter artist
Photography
Jean-Claude Martinez (1954), French photographer
Business[edit]
Mariano Martinez (entrepreneur) (born 1944), Mexican American inventor, entrepreneur and restaurateur
Vicente Martinez Ybor, Spanish-American cigar industrialist (entrepreneur) in Tampa, Florida
Military[edit]
Arsenio Martínez-Campos, Spanish officer
Esteban José Martínez Fernández y Martínez de la Sierra, commonly called Esteban José Martínez, 18th-century Spanish naval commander
Gustavo Álvarez Martínez, Honduran military officer
Joe P. Martinez, U.S. Army soldier during World War II
Juan Martínez de Ampiés, Spanish soldier, founder of Santa Ana de Coro (Venezuela)
Politics[edit]
Alicia Austria-Martinez, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court of the Philippines
Andrés Martínez Trueba, President of Uruguay from 1951 to 1955
Augusto Martínez Sánchez, Cuban politician
Bernard Martínez Valerio, Honduran politician
Bob Martinez, Spanish-American former Governor of the State of Florida (born in Tampa, Florida)
Daniel Martínez (politician), Uruguayan politician and engineer
Eduardo Martínez Celis, Mexican politician and journalist
Felix Martínez de Torrelaguna, acting Governor of New Mexico
Henriette Martinez (1949), French politician
Jean-Claude Martinez (1945), French politician
Jennifer Martínez, human rights lawyer
Louis Alphonse, Duke of Anjou Prince Louis Alphonse of Bourbon y Martinez-Bordiú, Duke of Anjou, Louis XX, King of France and Navarre
Marco Antonio Martinez Dabdoub, Mayor of Nogales, Sonora, Mexico
Martín C. Martínez, Uruguayan politician
Matthew G. Martínez, former U.S. Representative from California
Maximiliano Hernández Martínez, former president of El Salvador
Mel Martinez, U.S. Senator from Florida
Mercurio Martinez, Jr., Texas politician
Mike Martinez, American politician from Texas
Raúl L. Martínez, Cuban politician, former mayor of Hialeah, Florida, United States
Susana Martínez, first female Governor of New Mexico
Sciences[edit]
Alberto Martinez Piedra (born 1926), professor
German Martinez Hidalgo Physics, mathematician and astronomer
Ronaldo Martínez, cancer survivor appearing in anti-smoking television commercials
Rosa Martínez and Eliana Martínez, child with AIDS (Eliana) and her mother (Rosa)
Kirk Martinez professor, world leading image processing
Wendy L. Martinez, American statistician
Society[edit]
Mario Díaz Martínez, member of the World Scout Committee
Sports[edit]
A–M
Alberto Martín Acosta Martinez (born 1977), Uruguayan soccer player
Alec Martinez Los Angeles Kings Hockey player
Alma Martínez (footballer), Mexican football player
Andrés Martínez (footballer), Uruguayan football player
Armando Martínez (boxer), Cuban boxer
Carlos Martínez, Venezuelan baseball player
Carmelo Martínez, Puerto Rican baseball player, first base and outfield
Chantal Martínez (born 1990), Panamanian boxer
Cristhian Martínez, baseball player from the Dominican Republic
Conchita Martínez (born 1972), Spanish tennis player
Conchita Martínez Granados (born 1976), Spanish tennis player
David Martínez (racing driver), Mexican racing driver
Dennis Martínez, Nicaraguan baseball pitcher
Diego Martínez (footballer, born 1981), Mexican footballer
Edgar Martínez, Puerto Rican American baseball player, hitter
Emil Martínez, Honduran footballer
Emilio Martínez, Paraguayan footballer
Eulogio Martínez, footballer
Félix Martínez Mata, baseball player
Fernando Martínez Perales, Spanish footballer
Fidel Martínez, Ecuadorian footballer
Francisca Martínez, Mexican race walker
Gérald Martinez, French rugby player
Germán Martínez (swimmer), Colombian swimmer
Gilberto Martínez, Costa Rican footballer
Gilberto Érick Martínez, Mexican footballer
Glenn Martinez, American wide receiver
Gonzalo Martínez, Colombian footballer
Guillermo Martínez (athlete), Cuban javelin thrower
Héctor Vidal Martínez (born 1967), Paraguayan football (soccer) midfielder
Henry Martínez (boxer), bantamweight boxer of El Salvador
Iñigo Martínez, Spanish footballer
Israel Martínez, Mexican footballer
Jack Michael Martínez, Dominican basketball player
Jackson Martínez, Colombian footballer
Jairo Martínez, Honduran football forward
Javi Martínez (born 1988), Spanish footballer
Javier Martínez (baseball) (born 1977), baseball player
Javier Omar Martínez, Honduran footballer
Javier Martínez González (born 1987), Spanish footballer
Jesús Martínez (boxer) (born 1976), Mexican boxer
Jesus Martinez (fighter) (born 1983), American mixed martial artist
Joe Martinez (baseball), American baseball player
Jorge Andrés Martínez, Uruguayan footballer
Jorge Humberto Martínez, Colombian cyclist
José Martínez, Venezuelan baseball player
Josef Martínez, Venezuelan footballer
Josué Martínez, Costa Rican footballer
Juan Manuel Martínez, Argentine footballer
Juan Martínez Brito, Cuban discus thrower
Juan Máximo Martínez, Mexican long-distance runner
Julio Enrique Martínez, Salvadoran footballer
Lázaro Martínez (sprinter), Cuban sprinter
Leandro Antonio Martínez, Argentine-Italian footballer
Luís Fernando Martinez, Brazilian footballer
Magdelín Martínez, Cuban triple jumper, competing internationally for Italy
Manuel Martínez Lara, Spanish footballer
Maria Martinez, Native-American potter in the United States
María José Martínez Sánchez (born 1982), Spanish tennis player
Mariano Martínez (cyclist) (born 1948), French former professional road racing cyclist
Mario Martínez (footballer), Honduran footballer
Mario Martinez (tennis), Bolivian tennis player
Marty Martínez, sports manager, coach, and scout
Mayte Martínez, Spanish runner
Mercedes Martinez, American professional wrestler
Michael Martínez, Major League Baseball player from the Dominican Republic
Michael Christian Martinez, Filipino figure skater
Miguel Ángel Martínez (footballer), Argentine footballer
N–Z
Orlando Martínez, former Cuban bantamweight boxer
Osvaldo Martínez, Paraguayan footballer
Pamela Martinez, American professional wrestler better known as Bayley
Pedro Martínez (born 1971), Dominican baseball player
Pedro Martínez (left-handed pitcher) (born 1968), Dominican baseball player
Pedro Martínez (basketball), Spanish basketball coach
Pedro Martínez (golfer) (born 1963), Paraguayan golfer
Poppies Martinez (born 1981), American mixed martial artist
Rafa Martínez, Spanish basketball player
Ramón Martínez (infielder), American baseball player, infielder
Ramón Martínez (pitcher), Dominican Republic baseball player, pitcher
Roberto Martínez, Spanish football manager and former player
Roberto Juan Martínez, Argentine footballer
Rogelio Martínez (boxer) (born 1974), a Dominican Republic boxer
Román Martínez (boxer), Puerto Rican professional boxer
Rubén Iván Martínez, Spanish footballer
Rubert Martínez (born 1985), Cuban judoka
Ryan Martinez (born 1987), American mixed martial artist
Saúl Martínez, Honduran footballer
Sergio Martínez (boxer), Argentine boxer
Sergio Daniel Martínez, Uruguayan footballer
Shelly Martinez (born 1980), Mexican American professional wrestler (as Ariel) and valet (as Salinas). Also known as model, actress (using her name Shelly Martinez)
Ted Martínez, Dominican baseball player, shortstop
Tippy Martinez, American retired baseball pitcher
Tino Martinez, American baseball player, first base
Tony Martínez, American baseball player
Víctor Martínez (baseball), Venezuelan baseball player, catcher
Víctor Martínez (bodybuilder), professional bodybuilder from the Dominican Republic
Walter Martínez (footballer), Honduran footballer
Will Martinez (born 1980), American mixed martial artist
Yamilé Martínez, Cuban basketball player
Yudelkis Martínez, Cuban runner
See also: Disambiguation pages[edit]
Alberto Martínez (disambiguation)
Andrés Martinez (disambiguation)
Armando Martínez (disambiguation)
Carlos Martínez (disambiguation)
David Martínez (disambiguation)
Javier Martínez (disambiguation)
Jorge Martinez (disambiguation)
Jose Martinez (disambiguation)
Mariano Martínez (disambiguation)
Pedro Martínez (disambiguation)
Roberto Martinez (disambiguation)
Sergio Martínez (disambiguation)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ United States Census Bureau (9 May 1995). s:1990 Census Name Files dist.all.last (1-100). Retrieved on 2008-07-04.
Jump up ^ Most common surnames in France
Surname list
This page lists people with the surname Martínez. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Martínez_(surname)&oldid=845283542"
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Surnames
Spanish-language surnames
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Fort Pierce, Florida
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Fort Pierce
City
City of Fort Pierce
Nickname(s): Sunrise City

Location in St. Lucie County and the state of Florida
Coordinates: 27°26′20″N 80°20′8″W / 27.43889°N 80.33556°W / 27.43889; -80.33556Coordinates: 27°26′20″N 80°20′8″W / 27.43889°N 80.33556°W / 27.43889; -80.33556
Country
United States
State
Florida
County
St. Lucie
Government
• Mayor
Linda Hudson
Area[1]
• Total
29.27 sq mi (75.80 km2)
• Land
23.32 sq mi (60.40 km2)
• Water
5.95 sq mi (15.40 km2)
Elevation
16 ft (5 m)
Population (2010)[2]
• Total
41,910
• Estimate (2016)[3]
45,295
• Density
1,942.16/sq mi (749.86/km2)
Time zone
Eastern (EST) (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)
EDT (UTC-4)
FIPS code
12-24300
GNIS feature ID
0307964[4]
Website
cityoffortpierce.com
Fort Pierce is a city in and the county seat of St. Lucie County, Florida, United States.[5] It is also known as the Sunrise City,[6] sister to San Francisco, California, the Sunset City. The population was 41,590 at the 2010 census. As of 2012, the population recorded by the U.S. Census Bureau was 42,645.[7] It is named after the army installation of Fort Pierce built in the area in 1838 during the Second Seminole War.
Fort Pierce was awarded the 2005 City of Excellence Award by the Florida League of Cities for overall excellence in city government and in 2011, Main Street Fort Pierce, Inc. received the Great American Main Street Award from the National Trust for Historic Preservation in downtown.[8]
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
2 Environment
2.1 Shore Protection project
2.2 Ecology
2.3 Marina
3 Demographics
4 Government
5 Climate
6 Transportation
6.1 Fort Pierce Harbor
7 Education
8 Tourist attractions
9 Notable people
10 References
11 External links
Geography[edit]
Fort Pierce is located at 27°26′20″N 80°20′8″W / 27.43889°N 80.33556°W / 27.43889; -80.33556 (27.438817, -80.335471).[9]
According to the U. S. Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 20.8 mi² (53.8 km²), of which 14.7 square miles (38.2 km²) is land and 6.0 square miles (15.6 km²) of it (35.00%) is water.
Environment[edit]
Shore Protection project[edit]
According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, The Fort Pierce Beach Shore Protection project includes 1.3 miles of shore line running from immediately south of the Fort Pierce Inlet southward to Surfside Park. The project is on a two-year renourishment cycle due to impacts to the beach from the federal navigation project at Fort Pierce Inlet. This two-year renourishment cycle is a much shorter renourishment interval than what is typical for other projects along the east coast of Florida.[10]
The initial construction of the project occurred in 1971 and the ninth nourishment was completed in May 2013. Completion of plans and specifications, advertisement and award for the 10th renourishment contract were completed in FY 2014. The project was scheduled to start mid-February 2015. Sand for the project is dredged from an approved offshore borrow area known as the Capron Shoal and then pumped via a pipeline onto the 1.3 miles of beach south of the Fort Pierce Inlet. The sponsor, St. Lucie County, is preparing a General Reevaluation Report (GRR) for the project at their own expense that will evaluate extending Federal participation for an additional 50 years. Current Federal participation expires in 2020.[10]
The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers estimates the total cost of the project to be $75.9 million, with an estimated U.S. Federal Government share of $46.4 million. No funding for the project was requested by the U.S. President from the U.S. Congress in Fiscal Year 2016.[10]
Ecology[edit]
The Experimental Oculina Research Reserve preserves the Oculina Banks, a reef of ivory bush coral (Oculina varicosa) off the coast of Fort Pierce, Florida. In 1984, a 92 square-nautical-mile (316 km²) portion of these reefs was designated the "Oculina Habitat Area of Particular Concern". In 1994, the area was closed to all manner of bottom fishing and was redesignated as a research reserve. In 2000, the marine protected area was expanded to 300 square nautical miles (1,030 km²) and prohibited all gears that caused mechanical disruption to the habitat. The city is also known for its large manatee population.
Marina[edit]
Due to the devastation caused at the Fort Pierce City Marina by hurricanes Frances and Jeanne in 2004, FEMA mandated a plan to ensure that the rebuilt facility would be protected from future such events before FEMA would release funding for the repairs. Starting in 2012, construction began to create 12 artificial barrier islands including oyster beds, lime rock artificial reefs, mangrove fringes and coastal dune. The "core" of the islands was constructed of TITANTubes, sometimes referred to as geotextile tubes or geotubes, manufactured by Flint Industries and covered by a coastal marine mattress and then armor stone. The project was completed in 2013 after six years of planning, permitting and construction and a cost of $18 million.
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1910 1,333 —
1920 2,115 58.7%
1930 4,803 127.1%
1940 8,040 67.4%
1950 13,502 67.9%
1960 25,256 87.1%
1970 29,721 17.7%
1980 33,802 13.7%
1990 36,830 9.0%
2000 37,516 1.9%
2010 41,910 11.7%
Est. 2016 45,295 [3] 8.1%
U.S. Decennial Census[11]
As of the census of 2010, there were 41,910 people, 15,170 households, and 9,418 families residing in the city.[12][13] The population density was 2,021.9 people per square mile (982.7/km²).[7] There were 17,170 housing units at an average density of 1,164.7/sq mi (449.8/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 40.9% African American, 45.3% White, 0.6% Native American, 0.9% Asian, 0.1% Pacific Islander, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino were 21.6% of the population.[7]
There were 15,170 households out of which 32.9% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 37.3% were married couples living together, 19.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.9% were non-families. 32.5% of all households were made up of individuals and 11.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.73 and the average family size was 3.50.[13]
In the city, the population was spread out with 25.9% under the age of 18, 7.0% from 20 to 24, 13.3% from 25 to 34, 13.0% from 45 to 54, 9.8% from 55 to 64 and 6.8% who were 65 years of age or older.[13] The median age was 35.2 years. For every 100 females there were 97.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 94.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $30,869, and the median income for a family was $36,337. Males had a median income of $32,412 versus $26,349 for females.[13] The per capita income for the city was $16,782. 30.2% of the population were below the poverty line.[7]
Government[edit]
See also: List of mayors of Fort Pierce, Florida
The city of Fort Pierce has a mayor-council form of local government. The offices of commissioner and mayor are nonpartisan, and have a term of four years.
Climate[edit]
The climate of Ft. Pierce is generally a humid subtropical climate, although it closely borders a tropical savanna climate. Summertime temperatures range between 80 and 100 degrees F. Temperatures in the winter range between 55 and 80 degrees F, although some winter days can drop down below 40 degrees, but rarely fall below freezing.
[hide]Climate data for Fort Pierce (1981-2010)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Average high °F (°C)
72.1
(22.3) 73.9
(23.3) 76.8
(24.9) 80.3
(26.8) 84.7
(29.3) 87.9
(31.1) 89.7
(32.1) 89.5
(31.9) 87.9
(31.1) 84.2
(29) 78.7
(25.9) 74.0
(23.3) 81.6
(27.6)
Average low °F (°C)
51.9
(11.1) 54.3
(12.4) 57.6
(14.2) 62.1
(16.7) 68.9
(20.5) 73.1
(22.8) 74.0
(23.3) 74.3
(23.5) 73.9
(23.3) 69.2
(20.7) 61.4
(16.3) 55.3
(12.9) 64.7
(18.2)
Average precipitation inches (mm)
2.35
(59.7) 3.09
(78.5) 3.68
(93.5) 2.87
(72.9) 3.78
(96) 5.72
(145.3) 6.04
(153.4) 7.49
(190.2) 7.69
(195.3) 5.42
(137.7) 3.58
(90.9) 2.13
(54.1) 53.84
(1,367.5)
Source: National Weather Service [14]
Transportation[edit]
Fort Pierce is located on U.S. Route 1, near its intersection with Florida Route 70. Interstate Route 95 and Florida's Turnpike are nearby, at the west edge of town. The Intracoastal Waterway passes through the city. The nearest airport with scheduled passenger service is in Melbourne; the closest major airport is in West Palm Beach.[15]
Fort Pierce is served by the St. Lucie Transportation Planning Organization (TPO).[16] The TPO is a Metropolitan Planning Organization (MPO), a federally mandated and federally funded transportation policy-making organization responsible for transportation planning, programming, and financing of State and Federal transportation funds for the City of Fort Pierce. The TPO is governed by a TPO Board, which is composed of elected officials, representatives from the St. Lucie County School Board, and representatives from Community Transit, a division of The Council on Aging of St. Lucie, Inc.[17] The original bus system started as a demand response service bus in the 1990s; it only served St. Lucie County. Soon it expanded to a fixed route system, going to predetermined locations along a route. On June 3, 2002, the Florida Department of Transportation (FDOT) approved funding, expanding the bus service to Martin County, and it became the Treasure Coast Connector.[18][19]
Amtrak and the Florida East Coast Railway have been planning to make stations along Florida's East Coast. The cities talked about[by whom?] include: Stuart, Fort Pierce, Vero Beach, Melbourne, Titusville, Cocoa, Daytona Beach and St. Augustine, Florida.[citation needed]
Fort Pierce Harbor[edit]
According to the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, an average of 350,000 tons of waterborne commerce moves through Fort Pierce Harbor annually. Major commodities which are dependent on the port include citrus exports, cement and aragonite imports. The last navigation improvements at Fort Pierce were authorized by the U.S. Congress in the Water Resources Development Act of 1988 dated November 17, 1988 and construction was completed in August 1996. The existing entrance channel is 400 feet wide and 30 feet deep, the interior channel is 250 feet wide and 28 feet deep, the existing turning basin is 1,100 feet square and 28 feet deep, and the north access channel is located immediately north of the main turning basin is 1,250 feet long, 250 feet wide and 28 feet deep.[20]
In late 2014 dredging efforts were completed in Fort Pierce Harbor. The dredging effort included both beach placement of beach quality sand on the beach immediately south of the Inlet as well as placement of non beach quality sand in the approved offshore disposal area.[20]
Education[edit]
Public high schools in the city include Fort Pierce Central High School, Fort Pierce Westwood High School and Lincoln Park Academy. Private schools include John Carroll Catholic High School and Faith Baptist School (Treasure Coast Baptist Academy) Private middle schools inside city limits include Saint Andrew's Academy and Saint Anastasia Middle School.
Indian River State College is also located in Fort Pierce.
Tourist attractions[edit]
A.E. Backus Museum and Gallery
A.E. Backus Museum and Gallery
Arcade Building
Art Mundo at the Art Bank[21]
Boston House
Dust Tracks of Zora Neale Hurston[22][23]
Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institute
Heathcote Botanical Gardens
Historic Main Street[24]
Florida Power and Light Energy Encounter[25]
Lincoln Park Main Street[22]
Old Fort Pierce City Hall
Old Fort Park
Manatee Center[26]
Navy UDT-SEAL Museum (Fort Pierce was the original home of the United States Navy SEALs)
Smithsonian Marine Ecosystem Exhibit[27]
St. Lucie County Marine Center[28]
St. Lucie County Regional History Center[29]
Sunrise Theatre[30]
Notable people[edit]
Zora Neale Hurston's house
Rick Ankiel, Major League Baseball player[31]
A.E. "Beanie" Backus, artist and painter[32]
Kimberly Bergalis, victim of first known case of clinical transmission of HIV
Edwin Binney, co-founder of Crayola Crayons[33]
Jeff Blackshear, NFL guard for the Seattle Seahawks, Baltimore Ravens, Kansas City Chiefs and Green Bay Packers[34]
Roslyn M. Brock, Chairman of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People
Jamar Chaney, linebacker for Philadelphia Eagles[35]
Yamon Figurs, NFL and CFL wide receiver[36]
Mark Foley, former U.S. Congressman[citation needed]
Louise Gopher, the first Seminole woman to earn a bachelor's degree.[37]
Ted Hewitt, country music producer- produces Country Music artist Rodney Atkins
John Houghtaling, creator of the Magic Fingers Vibrating Bed.[38]
Zora Neale Hurston, author best known for the novel Their Eyes Were Watching God[39]
Charles Johnson, MLB catcher for the Florida Marlins, Los Angeles Dodgers, Baltimore Orioles, Chicago White Sox, Colorado Rockies and Tampa Bay Devil Rays[40]
Ladislav Karabin, retired Czechoslovakian hockey player, who played for the Pittsburgh Penguins[citation needed]
Khalil Mack, NFL linebacker for the Oakland Raiders
Omar Mateen, perpetrator of the 2016 Orlando nightclub shooting
Daniel T. McCarty, 31st Governor of Florida[41]
Terry McGriff, MLB catcher for the Cincinnati Reds, Houston Astros, Florida Marlins and St. Louis Cardinals[42]
Ryan McNeil, NFL defensive back[43]
Wonder Monds, NFL defensive back[44]
Michael P. Nash, Filmmaker
Luther Robinson, NFL player[45]
Larry Sanders, NBA forward-center for the Milwaukee Bucks[46]
Jeff Schwarz, MLB pitcher for the Chicago White Sox and California Angels[47]
Gary Stewart, country singer[48]
Herbert Strong, professional golfer and golf course architect[49]
Matthew Underwood, actor best known for his role as Logan Reese on the Nickelodeon TV show Zoey 101
LaDaris Vann, American player of gridiron football
Bobby Hopkins, Played offensive lineman at Gardner Webb University and also in the USFL for Pittsburgh Maulers and the Tampa Bay Bandits. 15 time National Champion and 7 time World Champion Arm Wrestler. Also an actor.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jul 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2014-08-01.
^ Jump up to: a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
Jump up ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Archived from the original on 2011-05-31. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
Jump up ^ Jernigan, Meg. "Things to Do in Fort Pierce, Florida". USA Today. Retrieved 11 March 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Fort Pierce (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". census.gov. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "City of Fort Pierce".
Jump up ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
^ Jump up to: a b c "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers -- Congressional Fact Sheet -- Fort Pierce Beach FL, Shore Protection Project" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/table/PST045215/1224300. Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b c d Data Access and Dissemination Systems (DADS). "American FactFinder - Results". census.gov. Archived from the original on 15 August 2014. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". NOAA. Retrieved 10 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Rand McNally Road Atlas, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Transportation Planning Organization - Homepage". Stlucietpo.org. 2011-02-02. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Our Services > Transportation". COASL. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Home". Treasure Coast Connector. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Treasure Coast Connector: Services". treasurecoastconnector.com. Retrieved 16 November 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "U.S. Army Corps of Engineers -- Congressional Fact Sheet -- Fort Pierce Harbor" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "Art Mundo".
^ Jump up to: a b [1] Archived August 1, 2015, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "St. Lucie County".
Jump up ^ "Main Street Fort Pierce". Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Fort Pierce Tourist Attractions". PlanetWare. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Manatee Observation and Education Center". Manateecenter.com. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Smithsonian Marine Ecosystems Exhibit: Smithsonian Marine Station (SMS) at Fort Pierce". Sms.si.edu. 2007-02-06. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "St Lucie County Florida Online || St. Lucie County Marine Center". Stlucieco.gov. Archived from the original on 2013-08-09. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "St Lucie County Florida Online || Regional History Center". Stlucieco.gov. Retrieved 2013-08-08.
Jump up ^ "Sunrise Theatre".
Jump up ^ "Rick Ankiel Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "A.E. Backus Museum".
Jump up ^ "Edwin Binney" Retrieved on 2009-03-12
Jump up ^ "Jeffrey Leon Blackshear". Pro-Football-Reference.Com. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Jeffrey Leon Blackshear". Pro-Football-Reference.Com. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Yamon Figurs". Pro-Football-Reference.Com. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Bidney, Beverly (31 December 2014). "Louise Gopher bestowed with FSU honorary degree" (PDF). Seminole Tribune. Retrieved 23 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Fox, Margalit. "John Houghtaling, Inventor of Magic Fingers Vibrating Bed, Dies at 92", The New York Times, June 19, 2009. Accessed June 20, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Zora Neale Hurston".
Jump up ^ "Charles Johnson Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Florida Governor Daniel Thomas McCarty". National Governors Association. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Terry McGriff Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Ryan Darrell McNeil". Pro-Football-Reference.Com. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Wonder Monds". Pro-Football-Reference.Com. Retrieved 14 April 2014.
Jump up ^ "Luther Robinson". hurricanesports.com. Retrieved October 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Larry Sandersl". Basketball-Reference.Com. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Jeff Schwarz Stats". Baseball Almanac. Retrieved December 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Gary Stewart (singer)
Jump up ^ Graffis, Herb (October 1944). "Making The Swing" (PDF). Golfdom: 5–6.
External links[edit]
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