text:
No Sell Out
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"No Sell Out"
Single by Malcolm X
B-side
"No Sell Out" (instrumental ver.)
Released
November 1983 (1983-11)
Format
7", 12", CD
Recorded
Sweet Mountain Studio, Englewood, NJ
Genre
Hip hop, electro
Length
5:44
Label
Tommy Boy
Songwriter(s)
Keith LeBlanc and Malcolm X[1]
Producer(s)
Keith LeBlanc
Keith LeBlanc singles chronology
"No Sell Out"
(1983) "'Support the Miners'"
(1984)
"No Sell Out"
(1983) Support the Miners
(1984)
"No Sell Out" is a hip hop piece composed by American drummer Keith LeBlanc under the moniker Malcolm X, released in November 1983 on Tommy Boy Records.[2][3] It marked the one of the first usages of sample-based composition in popular music as well and was the first hip hop song to use Malcolm X's voice for artistic and political reasons.[1][4]
Contents
1 Background
2 Composition
3 Release and reception
3.1 Accolades
4 Influence
5 Formats and track listing
6 Personnel
7 Charts
8 Release history
9 References
10 External links
Background[edit]
The idea for the piece was originally conceived when LeBlanc heard Grandmaster Flash playing a record in conjunction with the sample "Do you feel lucky, punk?" taken from the 1971 action film Dirty Harry. In an interview with The Quietus, Leblanc recalled: "I just thought the combination of a beat and music and spoken word over the top of it was pretty magical to me." Leblanc began listening to Malcolm X's spoken word recordings while experimenting with different drum beats.[4]
The recording marked LeBlanc's first time working extensively with drum machines and as a producer, with the project being financed by Marshall Chess. LeBlanc opted to use the newest gear affordable, using a Oberheim DMX and E-mu Drumulator to create and program the music.[4] The spoken word passages were used with the permission of Betty Shabazz, with a percentage of the proceeds going to the family of Malcolm X. Previous to contacting Tommy Boy Records, LeBlanc wanted Sugar Hill Records to issue the recording, but was discouraged by their unwillingness to provide royalties to Malcolm's family.[1][5]
Composition[edit]
The composition makes use of several samplings of Malcolm X's voice which are placed over a syncopated beat-box driven electro beat.[6] The audio clips are primarily taken from the speech he gave after the firebombing of his house.[1][7] The song is punctuated by the spoken chorus "Malcolm X - no sell out", which is repeated several times in the duration of the track.[8]
Release and reception[edit]
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic [9]
Some were initially perturbed by the idea of a white musician using the words of an African-American activist in a popular music song.[10] LeBlanc, who hadn't considered the response his music would generate, said, "I got press calling me from all over the world, all pissed off, I thought 'OK, maybe this was a little bit cutting edge!"[4] However, some realized the musical and political importance of LeBlanc's composition and the song received acclaim in underground circles. Betty Shabazz, an American civil rights advocate and Malcolm X's widow, was aware of her husband's rising influence on members of the hip hop community and sanctioned the use of Malcolm's speech.[6][11] Her preface to the piece, which appears the vinyl's jacket:
“ This recording documents Malcolm's voice at a time and space in history some nineteen or more years ago. Its meaning is just as relevant today as it was then. His belief is that people must constantly monitor behavior, refine goals, and direct their objectives to insure that the right to life and work is a reality. Ultimately, our goals should be peace and brotherhood. After all, the universe belongs to all its inhabitants. ”
After the single's release, Sugar Hill Records took Tommy Boy Records to court for infringement, claiming the record company profited from voice samples that belonged to them.[10] It was re-issued a year later as a tribute to the UK miners' strike of 1984 and 1985.[5][12]
The single was a hit in the club scene and received airplay in the UK. People magazine described the piece as "nothing if not provocative" that "succeed[s] in reminding the listener of the challenging directness of Malcolm's rhetoric."[7] British music magazines Sounds, Melody Maker and the New Musical Express made "No Sell Out" their "Single of the Week" and ran terse summaries of Malcolm X's political career alongside their review. Jon Savage of New Society commented that "rarely has a record so united the pop press", further commenting that "this extraordinary record has redefined dance forms in the way that Grandmaster Flash's Wheels of Steel did two years ago, taking the cut-ups of current New York styles to one logical conclusion"[13]
Accolades[edit]
Publication
Country
Accolade
Year
Rank
The Face United Kingdom Singles of the Year[14] 1984 4
NME United Kingdom Singles of the Year[15] 1984 12
Dave Marsh United States 1001 Greatest Singles Ever Made[16] 1989 994
ego trip United States Singles of the Year (1983)[17] 1999 28
Robert Dimery United States 1,001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die, and 10,001 You Must Download[18] 2010 *
(*) designates unordered lists.
Influence[edit]
The song "No Sell Out" represented a shift toward more politically conscious topics in the hip hop community. It was released on the heels of the single "How We Gonna Make The Black Nation Rise?" by Brother D (Daryl Aamaa Nubyahn), a song that took a nationalist stance.[19][20] "No Sell Out" was the beginning of a movement in which hip hop artists motivated by political ideology, including Public Enemy, would utilize samples of Malcolm X's voice in their compositions.[1] However, in contrast to other artists who used his voice, the single is unique in that Malcolm X receives compositional credit in the LP's liner notes and that his family received royalties generated by the single's success.[1] It was also the first instance of a hip hop artist using a deceased individual's voice for artistic purposes.[21]
The track was sampled by Tragedy Khadafi on his song "Black & Proud" from the 1990 album Intelligent Hoodlum, which also sampled Malcolm X.[22]
Formats and track listing[edit]
All songs written by Keith LeBlanc and Malcolm X[1]
US 12" single (TB 840)
"No Sell Out" – 5:44
"No Sell Out" (instrumental version) – 7:09
Personnel[edit]
Adapted from the No Sell Out liner notes.[23]
Music personnel
Reggie Griffin – bass guitar, rhythm guitar, Minimoog, Voyetra-8
Keith LeBlanc – Oberheim DMX, E-mu Drumulator, Minimoog, Voyetra-8, producer
Malcolm X – spoken word
Technical personnel
Robert Haggins – photography
Chris Lord-Alge – mixing
Herb Powers Jr. – mastering
Eric Thorngren – engineering
Charts[edit]
Chart (1984)
Peak
position
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[24]
60
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Label
Format
Catalog
United States 1983 Tommy Boy LP TB 840
United Kingdom 1984 Island IS 165
United States 1993 Tommy Boy CD TBCD 840
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Interview with Zaheer Ali" (PDF). columbia.edu. August 27, 2001. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Keith LeBlanc: Biography". tackhead.com. 2004. Archived from the original on September 19, 2014. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Parker, David (2001). "Singles: Malcolm X (Music by Keith LeBlanc) - 'No Sell Out'". skysaw.org. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Finlayson, Angus (July 2010). "The History Of Sugar Hill Records: Keith Leblanc Interviewed". The Quietus. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Larkin, Colin (1994). The Guinness Who's Who of Rap, Dance & Techno. Guinness Publishing. p. 95. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Hebdige, Dick (1987). Cut `n' Mix: Culture, Identity and Caribbean Music. Routledge. p. 131. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Levin, Eric (February 20, 1984). "Song". People. Sonic Options Network. 21 (7). Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Storey, John (2006). Cultural Theory and Popular Culture: A Reader. University of Georgia Press. p. 59. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Dougan, John. "No Sell Out". Allmusic. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Costello, Mark; Wallace, David Foster (July 23, 2013). Signifying Rappers. Little, Brown. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Potter, Russell A. (January 1, 1995). Spectacular Vernaculars: Hip-Hop and the Politics of Postmodernism. SUNY Press. p. 43. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, Tony; Frampton, Megan (2007). "Tackhead". Trouser Press. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Savage, Jon (February 20, 1984). "Radical Chic". New Society. New Society Limited. 67-68: 186. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Face Recordings of the Year - 1984 Singles". The Face. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "NME Singles - 1984". NME. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Heart of Rock and Soul". Dave Marsh. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Hip Hop's Greatest Singles by Year - 1983". ego trip. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Dimery, Robert; Visconti, Tony (January 1, 1995). 1001 Songs You Must Hear Before You Die. Universe. p. 43. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Alim, H. Samy (September 27, 2006). Roc the Mic Right: The Language of Hip Hop Culture. Routledge. p. 25. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Cheney, Charise L. (2005). Brothers Gonna Work it Out: Sexual Politics in the Golden Age of Rap Nationalism. NYU Press. pp. 71–72. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Eddy, Chuck (1997). The Accidental Evolution of Rock'n'roll: A Misguided Tour Through Popular Music. Da Capo Press. p. 73. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ Daulatzai, Sohail (2012). Black Star, Crescent Moon: The Muslim International and Black Freedom Beyond America. U of Minnesota Press. p. 113. Retrieved September 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ No Sell Out (sleeve). Malcolm X. New York, New York: Tommy Boy. 1983.
Jump up ^ "Malcolm X and Keith Le Blanc: Artist Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved February 5, 2016.
External links[edit]
"No Sell Out" at Discogs (list of releases)
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Keith LeBlanc
Studio albums
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Singles
"No Sell Out"
Support the Miners
with Tackhead
Tackhead Tape Time
Friendly as a Hand Grenade
Strange Things
For the Love of Money
with Strange Parcels
Disconnection
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text:
Pirates of the Caribbean (film series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 29 October 2018.
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Pirates of the Caribbean
Directed by
Gore Verbinski (1–3)
Rob Marshall (4)
Joachim Rønning (5)
Espen Sandberg (5)
Produced by
Jerry Bruckheimer
Based on
Pirates of the Caribbean
by Walt Disney (1–5)
On Stranger Tides
by Tim Powers (4)
Starring
See below
Production
company
Walt Disney Pictures
Jerry Bruckheimer Films
Distributed by
Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
Running time
726 minutes (1–5)
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
Total (5 films):
$1.274 billion
Box office
Total (5 films):
$4,524,358,182
Pirates of the Caribbean is a series of fantasy swashbuckler films produced by Jerry Bruckheimer and based on Walt Disney's theme park ride of the same name.
Directors of the series include Gore Verbinski (1–3), Rob Marshall (4) and Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg (5). The series is primarily written by Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio (1–4); other writers include Stuart Beattie (1), Jay Wolpert (1) and Jeff Nathanson (5). The stories follow the adventures of Captain Jack Sparrow (Johnny Depp), Will Turner (Orlando Bloom) and Elizabeth Swann (Keira Knightley). Characters such as Hector Barbossa (Geoffrey Rush) and Joshamee Gibbs (Kevin McNally) follow Jack, Will and Elizabeth in the course of the films. The fourth film features Blackbeard (Ian McShane) and Angelica (Penélope Cruz), while the fifth film features Armando Salazar (Javier Bardem), Henry Turner (Brenton Thwaites) and Carina Smyth (Kaya Scodelario). The films take place in a fictionalized historical setting; a world ruled by the British Empire, the East India Trading Company (based on the real East India Company) and the Spanish Empire, with pirates representing freedom from the ruling powers.
The film series started in 2003 with Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl, which received positive reviews from critics and grossed US$654 million worldwide.[1] After the first film's success, Walt Disney Pictures revealed that a trilogy was in the works. The franchise's second film, subtitled Dead Man's Chest, was released three years later in 2006; the sequel proved successful, breaking financial records worldwide the day of its premiere. Dead Man's Chest ended up being the number one film of the year upon earning almost $1.1 billion at the worldwide box office. The third film in the series, subtitled At World's End, followed in 2007 earning $960 million, and Disney released a fourth film, subtitled On Stranger Tides, in 2011 in conventional 2D, Digital 3-D and IMAX 3D. On Stranger Tides succeeded in also grossing more than $1 billion,[1] becoming the second film in the franchise and only the eighth film in history to achieve this.
The franchise has grossed over $4.5 billion worldwide;[1] it is the twelfth-highest-grossing film series of all time and it was the first franchise where more than one film grossed $1 billion worldwide.
Contents
1 Released films
1.1 The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)
1.2 Dead Man's Chest (2006)
1.3 At World's End (2007)
1.4 On Stranger Tides (2011)
1.5 Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017)
1.6 Pirates of the Caribbean 6 (TBA)
1.7 Reboot
2 Short film
2.1 Tales of the Code: Wedlocked (2011)
3 Production
3.1 First film
3.2 Second and third films
3.3 Fourth film
3.4 Fifth film
4 Recurring cast & characters
5 Music
5.1 Film soundtracks
6 Additional film crew
7 Reception
7.1 Box office performance
7.2 Critical and public response
7.3 Accolades
7.3.1 Academy Awards
7.3.2 Golden Globe Awards
7.3.3 Golden Raspberry Awards
7.3.4 MTV Movie Awards
7.3.5 Teen Choice Awards
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
Released films[edit]
Film
U.S. release date
Director(s)
Screenwriter(s)
Story by
Producer
Pirates of the Caribbean:
The Curse of the Black Pearl
July 9, 2003 (2003-07-09) Gore Verbinski Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio and Stuart Beattie and Jay Wolpert Jerry Bruckheimer
Pirates of the Caribbean:
Dead Man's Chest
July 7, 2006 (2006-07-07) Ted Elliott & Terry Rossio
Pirates of the Caribbean:
At World's End
May 25, 2007 (2007-05-25)
Pirates of the Caribbean:
On Stranger Tides
May 20, 2011 (2011-05-20) Rob Marshall
Pirates of the Caribbean:
Dead Men Tell No Tales
May 26, 2017 (2017-05-26) Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg Jeff Nathanson Jeff Nathanson and Terry Rossio
Top to bottom: Johnny Depp, Geoffrey Rush, Orlando Bloom and Keira Knightley, who portrayed the principal characters. Only Depp and Rush reprised their roles in every film. Bloom and Knightley did not return for the fourth film and had cameo appearances for the fifth film.
The Curse of the Black Pearl (2003)[edit]
Main article: Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl
Blacksmith Will Turner teams up with eccentric pirate Captain Jack Sparrow to save Turner's love, Elizabeth Swann, from cursed pirates led by Jack's mutinous former first mate, Captain Barbossa. Jack wants revenge against Barbossa, who left him stranded on an island before stealing his ship, the Black Pearl, along with 882 pieces of cursed Aztec Gold.
Dead Man's Chest (2006)[edit]
Main article: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest
Lord Cutler Beckett of the East India Trading Company arrests Will and Elizabeth for aiding Captain Jack Sparrow in the previous film. Beckett offers clemency if Will agrees to search for Jack's compass in a bid to find the Dead Man's Chest—and inside, the heart of villainous Davy Jones—which would give Beckett control of the seas. However, Jack wants the Chest to escape from an unpaid debt with Jones, who made Jack captain of the Black Pearl for 13 years in exchange for 100 years of service aboard Jones' ship, the Flying Dutchman.
At World's End (2007)[edit]
Main article: Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End
Lord Beckett gains power over Davy Jones and, with the help of the Flying Dutchman, he is now executing his plans to extinguish piracy forever. To stand against the East India Trading Co., Will, Elizabeth, Barbossa, and the crew of the Black Pearl set out to rescue Captain Jack Sparrow from Davy Jones' Locker. As one of the Nine Pirate Lords, Jack is needed in order to release an ancient goddess with the power to defeat Beckett's forces.
On Stranger Tides (2011)[edit]
Main article: Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides
Captain Jack Sparrow is on a quest to find the fabled Fountain of Youth and crosses paths with a former lover, Angelica. She forces Jack aboard the Queen Anne's Revenge, a ship captained by the infamous pirate Blackbeard, Angelica's father. Both are also in search of the Fountain; Angelica to save her father's soul, Blackbeard to escape a prophecy of his demise at the hands of a one-legged man. Joining the hunt is former pirate captain Barbossa, now a privateer in King George II's Navy, who is in a race against the Spanish for the Fountain of Youth.
Dead Men Tell No Tales (2017)[edit]
Main article: Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales
Ghost Spanish Royal Navy soldiers led by Jack Sparrow's old nemesis, Captain Armando Salazar, escape from the Devil's Triangle, with the goal of killing every pirate at sea, including him. To survive, Jack seeks out the legendary Trident of Poseidon, a powerful artifact whose owner can control the seas and break curses.[2]
Pirates of the Caribbean 6 (TBA)[edit]
Shortly before the release of On Stranger Tides, it was reported that Disney was planning to shoot the fifth and the sixth films back-to-back,[3] although it was later revealed that only the fifth film was in development. On March 4, 2017, director Joachim Rønning stated that Dead Men Tell No Tales was only the beginning of the final adventure, implying that it would not be the last film of the franchise and that a sixth film could be released.[4]
In September 2017, producer Jerry Bruckheimer indicated that another Pirates of the Caribbean sequel is still possible if Dead Men Tell No Tales does well in its home release.[5] In October 2017, Kaya Scodelario said that she was contracted to return for a sixth film.[6] Shortly after, it was announced that Joachim Rønning is being eyed to direct the film.[7]
The film is still in development, as of October 2018.[8]
Reboot[edit]
In October 2018, it was reported that Disney is planning on restarting the franchise with Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick writing the script and Jerry Bruckheimer returning as producer. It is unknown if the film will be a complete or soft reboot of the franchise as Disney has not yet made any official announcements.[9]
Short film[edit]
Tales of the Code: Wedlocked (2011)[edit]
Wenches Scarlett (Lauren Maher) and Giselle (Vanessa Branch) fix each other up for their wedding, in which they would each marry their groom. Upon realizing that both their grooms were the same man—Jack Sparrow—the two wenches find themselves in an auction led by the Auctioneer. The short film serves as a prequel to The Curse of the Black Pearl, explaining just why Jack Sparrow's boat, the Jolly Mon, was seen sinking at the beginning of the whole story, and explaining why wenches Scarlett and Giselle were so upset with him, and it also implies how Cotton lost his tongue. The plot took inspiration from the "Auction scene" from the original ride.
The short was directed by James Ward Byrkit,[10] and was only included as a special feature in the US 15-disc 3D Blu-ray/2D Blu-ray/DVD + Digital Copy box set that includes films 1–4; and in the similar UK five-disc set.
Byrkit conceived the idea for the project while on sets Rick Heinrichs designed for Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (2006) and Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (2007). As the pirate cove sets from the feature films—where the short film takes place—were set to be demolished, the short project was prepped in a matter of days and shot over three days. Byrkit based the short film on the Pirate Code Book as it was a device that could tie into other stories later.[11]
Production[edit]
First film[edit]
In the early 1990s[12] screenwriters Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio conceived a supernatural spin on the pirate genre after completing work on Aladdin, but there was no interest from any studio. Undeterred, the writing team refused to give up the dream, waiting for a studio to pick up their take on a pirate tale.[13] Disney had Jay Wolpert write a script based on the Pirates of the Caribbean, which producer Jerry Bruckheimer rejected, feeling it was "a straight pirate movie".[14] Bruckheimer brought Stuart Beattie in to rewrite the script in March 2002, due to his knowledge of piracy,[15] and later that month Elliott and Rossio were brought in.[14] Elliott and Rossio, inspired by the opening narration of the Pirates of the Caribbean ride, decided to give the film a supernatural edge.[16] As the budget rose, Michael Eisner and Robert Iger threatened to cancel the film, though Bruckheimer changed their minds when he showed them concept art and animatics.[17]
In June 2002 Gore Verbinski signed on to direct The Curse of the Black Pearl, and Johnny Depp and Geoffrey Rush signed on the following month to star.[15] Verbinski was attracted to the idea of using modern technology to resurrect a genre, one that had disappeared after the Golden Age of Hollywood, and recalled his childhood memories of the ride, feeling the film was an opportunity to pay tribute to the "scary and funny" tone of it. Depp was attracted to the story as he found it quirky: rather than trying to find treasure, the crew of the Black Pearl were trying to return it in order to lift their curse; also, the traditional mutiny had already taken place. Verbinski approached Rush for the role of Barbossa, as he knew he would not play it with attempts at complexity, but with a simple villainy that would suit the story's tone.[18] Orlando Bloom read the script after Rush, with whom he was working on Ned Kelly, suggested it to him.[19] Keira Knightley came as a surprise to Verbinski: he had not seen her performance in Bend It Like Beckham and was impressed by her audition.[18] Tom Wilkinson was negotiated with to play Governor Swann,[15] but the role went to Jonathan Pryce, whom Depp idolized.[18]
Shooting for The Curse of the Black Pearl began on October 9, 2002 and wrapped by March 7, 2003.[15] Before its release, many executives and journalists had expected the film to flop, as the pirate genre had not been successful for years, the film was based on a theme-park ride, and Depp rarely made a big film.[20] However, The Curse of the Black Pearl became both a critical and commercial success.
Second and third films[edit]
After seeing how well the first film was made, the cast and crew signed for two sequels to be shot back-to-back,[21] a practical decision on Disney's part to allow more time with the same cast and crew.[22] Writers Ted Elliott and Terry Rossio knew that with an ensemble cast, they weren't free to invent totally different situations and characters, as with the Indiana Jones and James Bond series, and so had to retroactively turn The Curse of the Black Pearl into the first of a trilogy.[23] They wanted to explore the reality of what would happen after Will Turner and Elizabeth Swann's embrace at the end of the first film, and initially considered the Fountain of Youth as the plot device.[24] They settled on introducing Davy Jones, the Flying Dutchman and the Kraken, a mythology mentioned twice in the first film. They introduced the historical East India Trading Company (also mentioned in the first film), which for them represented a counterpoint to the themes of personal freedom represented by pirates.[25]
Filming for the sequels began on February 28, 2005,[26] with Dead Man's Chest finishing on March 1, 2006,[27] and At World's End on January 10, 2007.[28] The second film was also the first Disney theatrical feature film with the computer-generated Walt Disney Pictures logo.[29]
Fourth film[edit]
Rossio and Elliot discovered the novel On Stranger Tides during production of Dead Man's Chest and At World's End and decided to use it as the basis for a fourth film. As Gore Verbinski was unavailable, Bruckheimer invited Rob Marshall to direct the film.[30] Elliott and Rossio decided to do a stand-alone film,[31] with a story that would support new characters,[32] and incorporate elements from the novel, such as Blackbeard, the Fountain of Youth and mermaids—the latter two having been already alluded to in the previous films.[33] Depp, Rush, Greg Ellis and Kevin McNally returned to their roles,[34] and the cast saw the additions of Ian McShane as Blackbeard and Penélope Cruz as Angelica, Blackbeard's daughter and Jack Sparrow's love interest.[35] A further addition was Richard Griffiths as King George II of Great Britain. After the costly production of two simultaneous films, Disney tried to scale down the fourth installment, giving a lower budget,[36] which led to cheaper locations and fewer scenes with special effects.[37] It was also filmed in 3D, with cameras similar to the ones used in Avatar.[30]
Filming for On Stranger Tides began June 14, 2010 and ended on November 19, 2010.[37][38] It was released in the United States on May 20, 2011.[39] With a budget of $378.5 million, On Stranger Tides holds the record for most expensive film ever made.
Fifth film[edit]
On January 14, 2011, it was confirmed that Terry Rossio would write the screenplay for the fifth installment, without his co-writer Ted Elliott.[40] On January 11, 2013, Jeff Nathanson signed on to write the script for the film. On May 29, 2013, it was announced that Norwegian directors Joachim Rønning and Espen Sandberg were selected to direct.[41] On August 22, 2013, the two revealed that the title of the fifth film would be Dead Men Tell No Tales, alluding to the line well-known from the Pirates of the Caribbean theme park attractions.[42][43][44] Although, the film was given an alternative title, Salazar's Revenge, in selected European, South American and Asian countries for marketing purposes.[45][46] They also confirmed that they were working on the film, speaking highly of Jeff Nathanson's "funny and touching" script and that they are inspired by the first film, The Curse of the Black Pearl.[47][48] On September 10, 2013, Disney pushed back the film's initial 2015 release,[49] with sources indicating that a Summer 2016 release is likely.[50] Producer Jerry Bruckheimer revealed that script issues were behind the delay, and that Jeff Nathanson was at work on a second attempt based on a well-received outline.[51] While Disney originally announced a release on July 7, 2017,[52][53] Dead Men Tell No Tales was released on May 26, 2017.[54]
A spokesman for the Australian Arts Minister confirmed that the fifth installment was set to shoot in Australia after the government agreed to repurpose $20 million of tax incentives originally intended for the remake of 20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.[55] Disney and Ian Walker the Queensland Arts Minister, connfirmed on October 2, 2014, that filming was expected to start in February 2015, stating that filming will take place exclusively in Australia, being the largest production to ever shoot in the country. Village Roadshow Studios and Port Douglas were officially confirmed as filming locations.[56] Production began in Australia on February 17, 2015 and wrapped on July 9, 2015.[57]
Recurring cast & characters[edit]
Main article: List of Pirates of the Caribbean characters
List indicator(s)
This table shows the recurring characters and the actors who have portrayed them throughout the franchise.
A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film, or that the character's presence in the film has not yet been announced.
A C indicates a cameo appearance.
A L indicates an appearance wherein an actor's facial features were digitally imprinted upon another actor's face.
A Y indicates an appearance as a younger version of a pre-existing character.
Character
Films
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales
2003
2006
2007
2011
2017
Jack Sparrow
Johnny Depp[18][21][58] Johnny Depp[59][60]
Anthony De La TorreY[61]
Hector Barbossa
Geoffrey Rush[18][21][62][60]
Joshamee Gibbs
Kevin McNally[21][63][60]
Will Turner
Orlando Bloom[64]
Dylan SmithY Orlando Bloom[21] Orlando BloomC[65]
Elizabeth Swann
Keira Knightley[18]
Lucinda DryzekY[66][67] Keira Knightley[21] Keira KnightleyC[68]
Marty
Martin Klebba[69][21] Martin Klebba
James Norrington
Jack Davenport[69][21]
Weatherby Swann
Jonathan Pryce[69][18][21]
Pintel
Lee Arenberg[69][21]
Ragetti
Mackenzie Crook[69][21]
Mr. Cotton
David Bailie[69][21]
Mullroy
Angus Barnett[69] Angus Barnett[70] Angus Barnett[71]
Murtogg
Giles New[69] Giles New[70] Giles New[71]
Theodore Groves
Greg Ellis[69] Greg Ellis[70][63]
Gillette
Damian O'Hare[69] Damian O'Hare[72]
Davy Jones
Bill Nighy[73] Silhouette onlyC[74][75]
Bootstrap Bill Turner
Stellan Skarsgård[76]
Cutler Beckett
Tom Hollander[77]
Tia Dalma
Calypso
Naomie Harris[78]
Sao Feng
Chow Yun-fat[79]
Edward Teague
Keith Richards[80][81] Alexander ScheerYC
Keith RichardsL[82]
Henry Turner
Dominic Scott Kay Brenton Thwaites[83][60]
Lewis McGowanY[84]
Scrum
Stephen Graham[85][60]
Blackbeard
Ian McShane[86]
Angelica
Penélope Cruz[86]
Philip Swift
Sam Claflin[87]
Syrena
Àstrid Bergès-Frisbey[88][89]
Armando Salazar
Javier Bardem[60]
Carina Smyth
Kaya Scodelario[60]
Uncle Jack
Paul McCartneyC[90]
Music[edit]
Main article: List of songs featured in the Pirates of the Caribbean film series
Film soundtracks[edit]
Title
U.S. release date
Length
Label
Pirates of the Caribbean: The Curse of the Black Pearl (Original Soundtrack) July 22, 2003 (2003-07-22) 43:50 Walt Disney Records
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Man's Chest (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture) July 4, 2006 (2006-07-04) 58:32
Pirates of the Caribbean: At World's End (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture) May 22, 2007 (2007-05-22) 55:50
Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture) May 17, 2011 (2011-05-17) 77:11
Pirates of the Caribbean: Dead Men Tell No Tales (Soundtrack from the Motion Picture) May 25, 2017 (2017-05-25) 75:20
Additional film crew[edit]
Crew/detail
Film
Pirates of the Caribbean:
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Pirates of the Caribbean:
Dead Man's Chest
Pirates of the Caribbean:
At World's End
Pirates of the Caribbean:
On Stranger Tides
Pirates of the Caribbean:
Dead Men Tell No Tales
Composer
Klaus Badelt Hans Zimmer Geoff Zanelli
Editor
Craig Wood, Stephen Rivkin & Arthur Schmidt Craig Wood & Stephen Rivkin Craig Wood David Brenner & Wyatt Smith Roger Barton & Leigh Folsom Boyd
Cinematographer
Dariusz Wolski Paul Cameron
Production companies
Walt Disney Pictures
Jerry Bruckheimer Films
Distributor
Buena Vista Pictures Distribution Walt Disney Studios Motion Pictures
Running time
142 minutes 150 minutes 168 minutes 137 minutes 129 minutes
Reception[edit]
Box office performance[edit]
Film
U.S. release date
Box office gross
All-time Ranking
Budget
Ref(s)
North America
Other territories
Worldwide
North America
Worldwide
The Curse of the Black Pearl July 9, 2003 $305,413,918 $348,850,097 $654,264,015 64 108 $140 million [91]
Dead Man's Chest July 7, 2006 $423,315,812 $642,863,913 $1,066,179,725 17 21 $225 million [92]
At World's End May 25, 2007 $309,420,425 $654,000,000 $963,420,425 61 35 $300 million [93]
On Stranger Tides May 20, 2011 $241,071,802 $804,642,000 $1,045,713,802 119 23 $378.5 million [94][95]
Dead Men Tell No Tales May 26, 2017 $172,558,876 $622,221,339 $794,780,215 254 69 $230 million [96]
Total
$7009145178083300000♠1,451,780,833
$7009307257734900000♠3,072,577,349
$7009452435818200000♠4,524,358,182
14
10
$1.452 billion
[97]
The Pirates of the Caribbean film series was successful at the box office, with each film grossing over $650 million, and all but Dead Men Tell No Tales at some point ranking among the fifty highest-grossing films of all time. It also became the first ever series to have multiple films passing the billion dollar mark in box office revenues with Dead Man's Chest and On Stranger Tides,[98] since followed by other film franchises.
The Curse of the Black Pearl was the third-highest-grossing 2003 film in North America (behind The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King and Finding Nemo) and fourth worldwide (behind The Return of the King, Finding Nemo and The Matrix Reloaded).[99] Dead Man's Chest was the most successful film of 2006 worldwide,[100] and At World's End led the worldwide grosses in 2007, though being only fourth in North America (behind Spider-Man 3, Harry Potter and the Order of the Phoenix and Shrek the Third).[101] On Stranger Tides was the third-highest-grossing film of 2011 worldwide (behind Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 2 and Transformers: Dark of the Moon) and the fifth in North America.[102] The first three sequels broke box office records upon release, of which the most notable are the opening-weekend record in North America (Dead Man's Chest),[103] the Memorial-Day weekend record in North America (At World's End)[104] and the opening-weekend record outside North America (On Stranger Tides).[105]
Critical and public response[edit]
Film
Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic
CinemaScore
The Curse of the Black Pearl 79% (210 reviews)[106] 63 (40 reviews)[107] A[108]
Dead Man's Chest 54% (220 reviews)[109] 53 (37 reviews)[110] A−[108]
At World's End 45% (220 reviews)[111] 50 (36 reviews)[112] A−[108]
On Stranger Tides 32% (262 reviews)[113] 45 (39 reviews)[114] B+[108]
Dead Men Tell No Tales 30% (230 reviews)[115] 39 (45 reviews)[116] A−[108]
The series is noted for its high quality of acting talent, and is one of the aspects of the films that is always praised.[117][118][119][120][121][122] The visual and practical effects are considered some of the best ever done on film,[121][122][123][124] so much so that audiences believed certain CGI elements of the films were real and done practically.[125][126][127][128] However, the plots of the four sequels have received mixed reviews, with the general consensus that they are too bloated and convoluted to follow.[129][130][131][132][133] Pirates of the Caribbean is noted for reinvigorating the pirate genre of film after decades of either no pirate films or failed pirate films.[134] The success of the series saw Disney and Jerry Bruckheimer try to replicate the franchise's success by launching films such as Prince of Persia: The Sands of Time and The Lone Ranger, the latter of which directed by Gore Verbinski. Both movies failed critically and commercially.[135][136][137][138]
Accolades[edit]
Main article: List of accolades received by the Pirates of the Caribbean film series
Academy Awards[edit]
Together, all the first three films were nominated for a total of 11 Academy Awards, of which a single award was won.
Award
Film
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales
Actor in a Leading Role Nominated[127][139]
(Johnny Depp)
Art Direction Nominated[140]
Makeup Nominated[127][139] Nominated[141]
Sound Editing Nominated[127][139] Nominated[140]
Sound Mixing Nominated[127][139] Nominated[140]
Visual Effects Nominated[127][139] Won[140] Nominated[141]
Golden Globe Awards[edit]
Together, all the four films were nominated for a total of 2 Golden Globe Awards, of which neither were won.
Award
Film
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales
Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical Nominated
(Johnny Depp) Nominated
(Johnny Depp)
Golden Raspberry Awards[edit]
Award
Film
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales
Worst Actor Nominated (Johnny Depp)[note 1]
Worst Supporting Actor Nominated (Javier Bardem)[note 1] as Captain Armando Salazar
Worst Screen Combo Nominated (Johnny Depp & his worn-out drunk routine)[note 1]
MTV Movie Awards[edit]
Together, all the first three films were nominated for a total of 13 MTV Movie Awards, of which 4 were won.
Award
Film
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales
Best Movie Nominated Won Nominated
Best Male Performance Won
(Johnny Depp) Won
(Johnny Depp)
Best Female Performance Nominated
(Keira Knightley) Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Best Breakthrough Female Performance Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Best On-Screen Team Nominated
(Johnny Depp & Orlando Bloom)
Best Villain Nominated
(Geoffrey Rush) Nominated
(Bill Nighy)
Best Comedic Performance Nominated
(Johnny Depp) Won
(Johnny Depp)
Teen Choice Awards[edit]
Together, the first four films were nominated for a total of 32 Teen Choice Awards, of which 17 were won.
Award
Film
The Curse of the Black Pearl
Dead Man's Chest
At World's End
On Stranger Tides
Dead Men Tell No Tales
Choice Movie: Chemistry Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)
Choice Movie: Fight/Action Sequence Won
(Johnny Depp vs Geoffrey Rush)
Choice Movie: Liar Won
(Johnny Depp)
Choice Movie: Liplock Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley) Won
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley) Nominated
(Orlando Bloom & Keira Knightley)
Choice Movie: Female Breakout Star Nominated
(Keira Knightley)
Choice Movie Actor Won
(Johnny Depp) Won
(Johnny Depp) Nominated
(Johnny Depp) Nominated
(Johnny Depp)
Nominated
(Orlando Bloom) Nominated
(Orlando Bloom) Nominated
(Brenton Thwaites)
Choice Summer Movie Won Nominated
Choice Movie: Scream Won
(Keira Knightley)
Choice Movie Won Won Nominated
Choice Movie: Rumble Won
(Orlando Bloom & Jack Davenport) Won
(Orlando Bloom)
Choice Movie: Hissy Fit Won
(Keira Knightley)
Choice Male Hottie Nominated
(Orlando Bloom)
Choice Movie Actress Nominated
(Keira Knightley) Won
(Keira Knightley) Nominated
(Penélope Cruz) Nominated
(Kaya Scodelario)
Choice Movie: Villain Won
(Bill Nighy) Won
(Bill Nighy) Nominated
(Ian McShane) Nominated
(Javier Bardem)
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Referred to as Pirates of the Caribbean XIII: Dead Careers Tell No Tales on the official nomination list.
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Gift (law)
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Property law
Part of the common law series
Types
Real property
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Acquisition
Gift
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v
t
e
A gift, in the law of property, is the voluntary transfer of property from one person (the donor or grantor) to another (the donee or grantee) without full valuable consideration. In order for a gift to be legally effective, three requirements must be met:
Intention of donor to give the gift to the donee (donative intent)
Delivery of gift to donee.
Acceptance of gift by donee.
Contents
[hide]
1 Elements
1.1 Intention
1.2 Delivery
1.3 Acceptance
2 Types
2.1 inter vivos
2.2 causa mortis
2.3 outright
2.4 onerous
2.5 remunerative
3 Revocation
4 Taxation
4.1 In India
4.2 United Kingdom
4.3 In the United States
5 See also
6 References
Elements[edit]
Intention[edit]
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (June 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The donor of the gift must have a present intent to make a gift of the property to the donee. A promise to make a gift in the future is unenforceable, and legally meaningless, even if the promise is accompanied by a present transfer of the physical property in question.
Suppose, for example, that a man gives a woman a ring and tells her that it is for her next birthday and to hold on to it until then. The man has not made a gift, and could legally demand the ring back at any time before the woman's birthday. In contrast, suppose a man gives a woman a deed and tells her it will be in her best interest if the deed stays in his safe-deposit box. The man has made a gift and would be unable to legally reclaim it.
Delivery[edit]
The gift must be delivered to the donee.[1] If the gift is of a type that cannot be delivered in the conventional sense - a house, or a bank account - the delivery can be effected by a constructive delivery, wherein a tangible item allowing access to the gift - a deed or key to the house, a passbook for the bank account - is delivered instead. Symbolic delivery is also sometimes permissible where manual delivery is impractical, such as the delivery of a key that does not open anything, but is intended to symbolize the transfer of ownership.
Certain forms of property must be transferred following particular formalities described by statute law. In England, real property must be transferred by a written deed.[2] The transfer of equitable interests must be performed in writing by the owner or their agent.
A gift is assumed when property owner deeds real estate as joint tenants with rights of survivorship. Regardless of contribution to purchase price, such a deed guaranteees each tenant equal shares upon sale or partition of the property.
Acceptance[edit]
The donee must accept the gift in order for the property transfer to take place. However, because people generally accept gifts, acceptance will be presumed, so long as the donee does not expressly reject the gift. A rejection of the gift destroys the gift, so that a donee cannot revive a once-rejected gift by later accepting it. In order for such an acceptance to be effective, the donor would have to extend the offer of the gift again.
Types[edit]
Gifts can be either:
inter vivos[edit]
lifetime gifts (inter vivos gift, donatio inter vivos) - a gift of a present or future interest made and delivered in the donor's lifetime; or
causa mortis[edit]
deathbed gifts (gift causa mortis, donatio mortis causa) - a future gift made in expectation of the donor's imminent death. A gift causa mortis is not effective unless the donor dies of the impending peril that he or she had contemplated when making the gift, i.e. these gifts can only be made when the donor is in a terminal condition.[3]
Gifts can also be:
outright[edit]
outright - made free of any restrictions, such as being subject to a trust;
onerous[edit]
onerous - made with a burden or obligation imposed on the donee; or
remunerative[edit]
remunerative - made to compensate for services rendered
Revocation[edit]
Conditional gifts can be revoked based on (1) donee not full-filling the conditions (2) breach of contract by donor such as an engagement ring and in this case, the donee keeps the gift.
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (August 2012)
Taxation[edit]
In India[edit]
In India, previously there was Gift Tax Act under which donor had to pay the gift tax on the amount of gift. However, the said Act has been abolished and from FY 2004-05, a new provision was inserted in the Income Tax Act (1961) under section 56 (2) which provides that if the gift is received by an individual or Hindu undivided family from any relatives or blood relatives or at the time of marriage or as inheritance or in contemplation of death, it will not be taxable. In all other cases if the aggregagte of gifts received exceeds Rs 50,000 in a year, the gift will be taxable as income from other source.
United Kingdom[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2012)
Gifts into a trust above a certain value (known as the nil rate band which is currently £325,000 but this limit may be reduced by certain gifts made in the last 7 years) are generally subject to inheritance tax in the United Kingdom though at the reduced rate of inheritance tax of 20% rather than the full rate of 40%. There are certain reliefs that may apply to reduce or eliminate the IHT due including business property relief and agricultural property relief. Gifts to individuals are generally not subject to inheritance tax unless the donor dies within 7 years of the date of the gift. There is anti-avoidance legislation to prevent assets being gifted but with the donor retaining a benefit from the asset (for example the gift of the main residence while continuing to live in it will be ineffective from an IHT perspective unless market value rent is charged). Gifts in life may be a way to circumvent inheritance tax on death.
In the United States[edit]
Main article: Gift tax in the United States
See also[edit]
Re Cole.
Johnson v Buttress [1936] HCA 41
Gift tax
References[edit]
Wikisource has the text of the 1879 American Cyclopædia article Gift.
Jump up ^ For effective delivery of gift in Australia see: Horsley v Phillips Fine Art Auctioneers Pty Ltd [1995] NSWSC 78 (16 October 1995) AustLII
Jump up ^ UK Parliament. Law of Property Act as amended (see also enacted form), from legislation.gov.uk. s.52
Jump up ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Donatio Mortis Causa". Encyclopædia Britannica. 8 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 408.
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