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Some Like It Hot
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For other uses, see Some Like It Hot (disambiguation).
Some Like It Hot
Theatrical poster
Directed by
Billy Wilder
Produced by
Billy Wilder
Screenplay by
Billy Wilder
I. A. L. Diamond
Story by
Robert Thoeren
Michael Logan
Starring
Marilyn Monroe
Tony Curtis
Jack Lemmon
George Raft
Joe E. Brown
Pat O'Brien
Music by
Adolph Deutsch
Cinematography
Charles Lang
Edited by
Arthur P. Schmidt
Production
company
Mirisch Company
Distributed by
United Artists
Release date
March 29, 1959 (1959-03-29)
Running time
121 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$2.9 million
Box office
$40 million
Some Like It Hot is a 1959 American romantic comedy film set in 1929, directed and produced by Billy Wilder, starring Marilyn Monroe, Tony Curtis, and Jack Lemmon. The supporting cast includes George Raft, Pat O'Brien, Joe E. Brown, Joan Shawlee, and Nehemiah Persoff. The screenplay by Billy Wilder and I.A.L. Diamond is based on a screenplay by Robert Thoeren and Michael Logan from the French film Fanfare of Love. The film is about two musicians who dress in drag in order to escape from mafia gangsters whom they witnessed commit a crime inspired by the Saint Valentine's Day Massacre. The film was produced in black and white, even though color films were increasing in popularity. Despite Monroe's contract requiring color film, she agreed to film in black and white after seeing that Curtis and Lemmon's makeup gave them a "ghoulish" appearance on color film.[1]
Some Like It Hot opened to largely positive reviews and is today considered to be one of the greatest films of all time.[2] It was voted as the top comedy film by the American Film Institute on their list on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs poll in 2000. In 2017, the film was voted the best comedy of all time in a poll of 253 film critics from 52 countries conducted by the BBC in 2017.[2] In 2005, the British Film Institute included this film on British Film Institute list of the 50 films you should see by the age of 14.
The film is also notable for featuring cross dressing, and for playing with the idea of homosexuality, which led to its being produced without approval from the Motion Picture Production Code. The code had been gradually weakening in its scope during the early 1950s, due to increasing social tolerance for previously taboo topics in film, but it was still officially enforced. The overwhelming success of Some Like It Hot is considered one of the final nails in the coffin for the Hays Code.[3]
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Soundtrack
4 Production
4.1 Pre-production
4.2 Casting
4.3 Filming
4.4 Style
5 Reception
6 Awards and honors
7 Adaptations
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
Plot[edit]
It is February 1929 in the city of Chicago, during the era of prohibition. Joe (Tony Curtis) is an irresponsible jazz saxophone player, gambler and ladies' man; his friend Jerry (Jack Lemmon) is a sensible jazz double-bass player; both are working in a speakeasy (disguised as a funeral home) owned by mob gangster "Spats" Colombo (George Raft). When the joint is raided by the police after being tipped off by informant "Toothpick" Charlie (George E. Stone), Joe and Jerry flee—only to accidentally witness Spats and his henchmen exacting his revenge on "Toothpick" and his own gang (inspired by the real-life Saint Valentine's Day Massacre). Penniless and in a mad rush to get out of town, the two musicians take a job with Sweet Sue (Joan Shawlee) and her Society Syncopators, an all-female band headed to Miami. Disguised as women and renaming themselves Josephine and Daphne, they board a train with the band and their male manager, Bienstock. Before they board the train, Joe and Jerry notice Sugar Kane (Marilyn Monroe), the band's vocalist and ukulele player.
Joe and Jerry become enamored of Sugar and compete for her affection while maintaining their disguises. Sugar confides to Joe that she has sworn off male saxophone players, who have stolen her heart in the past and left her with "the fuzzy end of the lollipop". She has set her sights on finding a sweet, bespectacled millionaire in Florida. During the forbidden drinking and partying on the train, Josephine and Daphne become intimate friends with Sugar, and have to struggle to remember that they are supposed to be girls and cannot make a pass at her.
Once in Miami, Joe woos Sugar by assuming a second disguise as a millionaire named Junior, the heir to Shell Oil, while feigning disinterest in Sugar. An actual millionaire, the much-married aging mama's boy Osgood Fielding III, (Joe E. Brown) tries repeatedly to pick up Daphne, who rebuffs him. Osgood invites Daphne for a champagne supper on his yacht. Joe convinces Daphne to keep Osgood occupied onshore so that Junior can take Sugar to Osgood's yacht, passing it off as his. Once on the yacht, Junior explains to Sugar that, due to psychological trauma, he is impotent and frigid, but that he would marry anyone who could change that. Sugar tries to arouse some sexual response in Junior, and begins to succeed. Meanwhile, Daphne and Osgood dance the tango ("La Cumparsita") till dawn. When Joe and Jerry get back to the hotel, Jerry explains that Osgood has proposed marriage to Daphne and that he, as Daphne, has accepted, anticipating an instant divorce and huge cash settlement when his ruse is revealed. Joe convinces Jerry that he cannot actually marry Osgood.
The hotel hosts a conference for "Friends of Italian Opera", which is in fact a front for a major meeting of various branches of La Cosa Nostra. Spats and his gang from Chicago recognize Joe and Jerry as the witnesses to the Valentine's Day murders. Joe and Jerry, fearing for their lives, realize they must quit the band and leave the hotel. Joe breaks Sugar's heart by telling her that he, Junior, has to marry a woman of his father's choosing and move to Venezuela. After several chases, Joe and Jerry witness additional mob killings, this time of Spats and his boys. Joe, dressed as Josephine, sees Sugar onstage singing that she will never love again. He kisses her before he leaves, and Sugar realizes that Joe is both Josephine and Junior.
Sugar runs from the stage at the end of her performance and manages to jump into the launch from Osgood's yacht New Caledonia just as it is leaving the dock with Joe, Jerry, and Osgood. Joe tells Sugar that he is not good enough for her, that she would be getting the "fuzzy end of the lollipop" yet again, but Sugar wants him anyway. Jerry, for his part, comes up with a list of reasons why he and Osgood cannot get married, ranging from a smoking habit to infertility. Osgood dismisses them all; he loves Daphne and is determined to go through with the marriage. Exasperated, Jerry removes his wig and shouts, "I'm a man!". Osgood, unfazed, simply responds, "Well, nobody's perfect."
Cast[edit]
Tony Curtis and Marilyn Monroe in Some Like It Hot
Marilyn Monroe as Sugar "Kane" Kowalczyk, a ukulele player and singer
Tony Curtis as Joe/"Josephine"/"Shell Oil Junior", a saxophone player
Jack Lemmon as Jerry (Gerald)/"Daphne", a double bass player
George Raft as "Spats" Colombo, a mobster from Chicago
Pat O'Brien as Detective Mulligan
Joe E. Brown as Osgood Fielding III
Nehemiah Persoff as "Little Bonaparte," a mobster
Joan Shawlee as Sweet Sue, the bandleader of "Sweet Sue and Her Society Syncopators"
Dave Barry as Mister Bienstock, the band manager for "Sweet Sue and Her Society Syncopators"
Billy Gray as Sig Poliakoff, Joe and Jerry's agent in Chicago
Barbara Drew as Nellie Weinmeyer, Poliakoff's secretary
George E. Stone as "Toothpick" Charlie, a gangster who is killed by "Spats" Colombo
Mike Mazurki as Spats's henchman
Harry Wilson as Spats's henchman
Edward G. Robinson Jr. as Johnny Paradise, a gangster who kills "Spats" Colombo
Beverly Wills as Dolores, a trombone player, and Sugar's apartment friend
Al Breneman as the fresh bellboy (uncredited)[4]
Tito Vuolo as Mr. Mozzarella, funeral director (uncredited)[citation needed]
Tom Kennedy as Mozzarella's bouncer (uncredited)[citation needed]
Grace Lee Whitney as Rosella (uncredited)
Soundtrack[edit]
Some Like It Hot: Original MGM Motion Picture Soundtrack
Soundtrack album
Released
24 February 1998
Genre
Soundtrack
Jazz
Length
32:22
The soundtrack features four songs performed by Marilyn Monroe for the movie, nine songs composed by Adolph Deutsch, as well as 2 songs performed by jazz artist Matty Malneck.[5]
No.
Title
Length
1. "Runnin' Wild" (Marilyn Monroe) 1:07
2. "Medley: Sugar Blues/Running Wild" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 1:32
3. "Down Among the Sheltering Palms" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 1:59
4. "Randolph Street Rag" (Adolph Deutsch) 1:28
5. "I Wanna Be Loved By You" (Marilyn Monroe) 2:58
6. "Park Avenue Fantasy" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 3:34
7. "Medley: Down Among the Sheltering Palms / La Cumparsita / I Wanna Be Loved By You" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 2:20
8. "I'm Thru With Love" (Marilyn Monroe) 2:34
9. "Medley: Sugar Blues / Tell the Whole Damn World" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 3:25
10. "Play It Again Charlie" (Adolph Deutsch) 1:49
11. "Sweet Georgia Brown" (Matty Malneck & His Orchestra) 2:57
12. "By the Beautiful Sea" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 1:22
13. "Park Avenue Fantasy (Reprise)" (Adolph Deutsch & His Orchestra) 2:10
14. "Some Like It Hot" (Matty Malneck & His Orchestra) 1:46
15. "Some Like It Hot (Single Version)" (Marilyn Monroe) 1:21
Total length: 32:22
Production[edit]
Pre-production[edit]
Billy Wilder wrote the script for the film Some Like it Hot with writer I.A.L. Diamond.[6] The plot is based on a screenplay by Robert Thoeren and Michael Logan from the 1935 French film Fanfare of Love.[7] However, the original script for Fanfare of Love was untraceable, so Walter Mirisch found a copy of the 1951 German remake Fanfares of Love. He bought the rights to the script and Wilder worked with this to produce a new story.[7] Although Some Like It Hot has been seen as a remake of Fanfare of Love, as both films follow the story of two musicians in search of work,[6] Wilder was the creator of the gangster subplot that kept the musicians on the run.[8]
The studio hired Barbette, a famous female impersonator, to coach Lemmon and Curtis on gender illusion for the film.[7]
Marilyn Monroe worked for 10% of the gross in excess of $4 million, Tony Curtis for 5% of the gross over $2 million and Billy Wilder 17.5% of the first million after break-even and 20% thereafter.[9]
Casting[edit]
Tony Curtis was spotted by Billy Wilder while he was making the film Houdini (1953),[10] as he thought Tony would be perfect for the role of Joe. "I was sure Tony was right for it," explained Wilder, "because he was quite handsome, and when he tells Marilyn that he is one of the Shell Oil family, she has to be able to believe it".[11] Wilder's first idea for the role of Jerry was Frank Sinatra, but he never came to the audition.[12] Jerry Lewis and Danny Kaye were also considered for the role of Jerry. Finally, Wilder saw Jack Lemmon in the comedy Operation Mad Ball[13] and selected him for the role of Jerry. Billy Wilder and Jack Lemmon made numerous films together until 1981, among them The Apartment and several films with Walter Matthau.
According to York Film Notes, Billy Wilder and I.A.L. Diamond didn't expect such a big star as Marilyn Monroe to take the part of Sugar[6] in fact, Wilder said, "Mitzi Gaynor was who we had in mind. The word came that Marilyn wanted the part and then we had to have Marilyn."[14] Wilder and Monroe had already made the film The Seven Year Itch together in 1955.
Filming[edit]
Hotel del Coronado (2011)
The film was made in California during the summer and autumn of 1958.[15] Many scenes were shot at the Hotel del Coronado in San Diego which appeared as the "Seminole Ritz Hotel" in Miami in the film. The Hotel in San Diego fitted into the era of the 1920s and was near Hollywood, so Wilder chose it although it was not in Florida.
There were many problems with Marilyn Monroe, who lacked concentration and suffered from an addiction to pills. She could not memorize many of her lines and required 47 takes to get "It's me, Sugar" correct, instead saying either "Sugar, it's me" or "It's Sugar, me". Tony Curtis and Jack Lemmon made bets during the filming on how many takes Marilyn would need to get it right.[16] Paradoxically, three days for shooting were scheduled for the scene with Shell Jr. and Sugar at the beach and although Marilyn had plenty of complicated lines, the whole scene between Shell Jr. and Sugar was completely finished in only 20 minutes.[17] Monroe's acting coach Paula Strasberg and Monroe's husband Arthur Miller both tried to influence the production, which Wilder and other crew members found annoying.[18][19]
Billy Wilder said in 1959 about filming another movie with Marilyn Monroe: "I have discussed this with my doctor and my psychiatrist and they tell me I'm too old and too rich to go through this again."[20] But Wilder also admitted: "My Aunt Minnie would always be punctual and never hold up production, but who would pay to see my Aunt Minnie?"[21] He also stated that Monroe played her part wonderfully.[22]
The film's iconic closing line, "Nobody's perfect"—now ranked 78th on The Hollywood Reporter list of Hollywood's 100 Favorite Movie Lines—was never supposed to be in the final cut. Diamond and Wilder put it in the script as a "placeholder" until they could come up with something better, but never did.[23]
Style[edit]
With regards to sound design, there is a 'strong musical element'[6] in the film, with the soundtrack created by Adolph Deutsch. It has an authentic 1920s jazz feel using sharp, brassy strings to create tension in certain moments, for example whenever Spats' gangsters appear. In terms of cinematography and aesthetics, Billy Wilder chose to shoot the film in black and white as Jack Lemmon and Tony Curtis in full drag costume and make-up looked 'unacceptably grotesque' in early color tests.[6]
Reception[edit]
Some Like It Hot received widespread acclaim from critics, and is considered among the best films of all time. It received six Academy Award nominations, including Best Actor for Lemmon and Best Director and Best Screenplay for Wilder, the latter along with I.A.L. Diamond.[24] It was voted as the top comedy film by the American Film Institute on their list on AFI's 100 Years... 100 Laughs poll in 2000.[25]
By 1962, the film had grossed $14 million in the US.[26]
Roger Ebert wrote about the movie, "Wilder's 1959 comedy is one of the enduring treasures of the movies, a film of inspiration and meticulous craft."[27] John McCarten of The New Yorker referred to the film as "a jolly, carefree enterprise".[28] The Guardian's Richard Roud claims that Wilder comes "close to perfection" with the film.[29]
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 96% based on 53 reviews, and the average rating is 9 out of 10. The website's critical consensus reads, "Some Like It Hot: A spry, quick-witted farce that never drags."[30]
In 1989, this film became one of the first 25 inducted into the United States National Film Registry.[31]
Though sometimes said to have been "condemned" by the Roman Catholic Church's Legion of Decency, that body gave the film its less critical rating as "morally objectionable".[32]
In 2017, the BBC conducted an international survey for the best comedy in film history among 253 film critics from 50 countries, which ranked Some Like It Hot as number one.[33] In July 2018, it was selected to be screened in the Venice Classics section at the 75th Venice International Film Festival.[34]
Awards and honors[edit]
Date of ceremony
Award
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
August 23 – September 6, 1959[35] Venice Film Festival Golden Lion Some Like It Hot Nominated
December 1959[36][37] National Board of Review Awards Top Ten Films Some Like It Hot Won
February 6, 1960[38][39] Directors Guild of America Award Outstanding Achievement in Feature Film Billy Wilder Nominated
1960[40] British Academy Film Awards Best Film from any Source Some Like It Hot Nominated
Best Foreign Actor Jack Lemmon Won
March 10, 1960[41][42] Golden Globe Awards Best Actor in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical Jack Lemmon Won
Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Comedy or Musical Marilyn Monroe Won
Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy Some Like It Hot Won
April 4, 1960[43] Academy Awards Best Director Billy Wilder Nominated
Best Actor Jack Lemmon Nominated
Best Adapted Screenplay Billy Wilder, I. A. L. Diamond Nominated
Best Cinematography – Black-and-white Charles Lang Nominated
Best Art Direction – Black-and-white Ted Haworth (Art Direction), Edward G. Boyle (Set Decoration) Nominated
Best Costume Design—Black and white Orry-Kelly Won
May 6, 1960[44][45] Writers Guild of America Awards Best Written Comedy Billy Wilder, I.A.L. Diamond Won
September 28, 1960[46] Laurel Awards Top Female Comedy Performance Marilyn Monroe (2nd place) Won
Top Male Comedy Performance Jack Lemmon (2nd place) Won
Top Comedy Some Like It Hot (3rd place) Won
1960[46][47] Bambi Awards Best Actor—International Tony Curtis (2nd place) Nominated
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
1998: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – #14[48]
2000: AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs – #1[49]
2005: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:
Osgood Fielding III: "Well, nobody's perfect." – #48[50]
2007: AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – #22[51]
Adaptations[edit]
An unsold television pilot was filmed by Mirisch Productions in 1961 featuring Vic Damone and Tina Louise. As a favor to the production company, Jack Lemmon and Tony Curtis agreed to film cameo appearances, returning as their original characters, Daphne and Josephine, at the beginning of the pilot. Their appearance sees them in a hospital where Jerry (Lemmon) is being treated for his impacted back tooth and Joe (Curtis) is the same O blood type.[52]
In 1972, a musical play based on the screenplay of the film, entitled Sugar, opened on Broadway, and starred Elaine Joyce, Robert Morse, Tony Roberts and Cyril Ritchard, with book by Peter Stone, lyrics by Bob Merrill, and (all-new) music by Jule Styne. A 1991 stage production of this show in London featured Tommy Steele and retained the film's title. In 2002, the aging Tony Curtis performed in a stage production of the film, cast as the character originally played by Joe E. Brown (Osgood Fielding III).
See also[edit]
List of American films of 1959
Cross-dressing in film and television
Bollywood remake Rafoo Chakkar
List of films considered the best
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Rob Nixon. "Behind the Camera on Some Like It Hot". Retrieved 23 Jan 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "The 100 greatest comedies of all time". BBC Culture. 2017-08-22. Retrieved 2017-09-08.
Jump up ^ "Remembering Hollywood's Hays Code, 40 Years On". NPR.org. 8 August 2008. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "" IMDB, Some Like It Hot (1959) Full Cast & Crew "".
Jump up ^ "Some Like It Hot [Original Motion Picture Soundtrack] - Original Soundtrack - Songs, Reviews, Credits - AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 10 August 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Rolston, Lorraine, Some like it Hot (York Film Notes). Longman; 1 edition, 2000 p.7-57
^ Jump up to: a b c Curtis, T. and Vieira, M. (2009). Some Like It Hot. London: Virgin Books, p.13
Jump up ^ "Some Like It Hot (1959)". Turner Classic Movies, Inc. Retrieved March 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Tino Balio, United Artists: The Company That Changed the Film Industry, University of Wisconsin Press, 1987 p. 170
Jump up ^ rich-826 (2 July 1953). "Houdini (1953)". IMDb. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Golenbock, Peter, American Prince: A Memoir, 2008, Publishing Group
Jump up ^ Alison Castle (Hrsg.): Billy Wilder’s Some like it hot. Taschen, 2001, p. 24.
Jump up ^ Alison Castle (Hrsg.): Billy Wilder’s Some like it hot. Taschen, 2001, S. 238.
Jump up ^ Crowe, Cameron "Conversations with Wilder", Alfred A. Knopf (Reprint edition, 1999) p. 161
Jump up ^ Alison Castle (Hrsg.): Billy Wilder’s Some like it hot. Taschen, 2001, p. 24.
Jump up ^ Jack Lemmon in: Billy Wilder’s Some like it hot. Taschen, 2001, ISBN 3-8228-6056-5. p. 277
Jump up ^ Volker Schlöndorff: Billy Wilder in Billy Wilder speaks. Some like it hot. DVD, Oktober 2006.
Jump up ^ Walter Mirisch in: Billy Wilder’s Some like it hot. Taschen, 2001, ISBN 3-8228-6056-5
Jump up ^ Tony Curtis in: Billy Wilder’s Some Like It Hot, Taschen 2001 (2010), S. 286
Jump up ^ "The Making of Some Like It Hot". google.de. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Great Funny Quotes: Sweeten Your Life with Laughter". google.de. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Alison Castle (Hrsg.): Billy Wilder’s Some like it hot. Taschen, 2001, S. 287.
Jump up ^ Hollywood's 100 Favorite Movie Lines. The Hollywood Reporter, March 11–18, 2016, No. 9, p. 69.
Jump up ^ [1][permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "American Film Institute". Afi.com. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Madsen, Axel, Billy Wilder, Martin Secker & Warburg Limited, 1968
Jump up ^ Roger Ebert (9 January 2000). "Some Like It Hot". rogerebert.com. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Mccarten, John (1959). "The Current Cinema". The New Yorker.
Jump up ^ Roud, Richard (1967). "Review". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "Some Like It Hot (1959)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved 21 March 2018.
Jump up ^ Molotsky, Irvin (September 20, 1989). "25 Films Chosen for the National Registry". New York Times. Retrieved 20 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Phillips, Gene. Some Like it Wilder. University of Kentucky Press. p. 223.
Jump up ^ The 100 greatest comedies of all time. BBC Culture, 2017-08-22
Jump up ^ "Biennale Cinema 2018, Venice Classics". labiennale.org. Retrieved 22 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "Venice Film Festival: Awards for 1959". IMDb. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Directors Guild of America, USA: Awards for 1960". IMDb. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "National Board of Review: 1959 Award Winners". nationalboardofreview.org. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "National Board of Review, USA: Awards for 1959". IMDb. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "12th Annual DGA Awards: Honoring Outstanding Directorial Achievement For 1959". dga.org. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "BAFTA Awards Search: 1960". bafta.org. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Envelope: Past Winners Database - 1959 17th Golden Globe Awards". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on May 17, 2007. Retrieved November 23, 2014. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
Jump up ^ "The 17th Annual Golden Globe Awards (1960)". hfpa.org. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The 32nd Academy Awards - 1960: Winners & Nominees". oscars.org. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Writers Guild of America, USA: Awards for 1960". IMDb. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "1960 Awards Winners". wga.org. Archived from the original on April 12, 2015. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Laurel Awards: Awards for 1960". IMDb. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The BAMBI award goes to…: A selection of international BAMBI award winners since 1948". bambi-awards.com. Retrieved November 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Laughs" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)" (PDF). American Film Institute. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Some Like It Hot [Tv Pilot] (1961)". BFI. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Further reading[edit]
Curtis, Tony. The Making of Some Like It Hot, Wiley & Sons, Hoboken NJ, 2009. ISBN 978-0-470-53721-3.
Maslon, Laurence. Some Like It Hot: The Official 50th Anniversary Companion, New York, HarperCollins, 2009. ISBN 978-0-06-176123-2.
External links[edit]
Find more aboutSome Like It Hotat Wikipedia's sister projects
Media from Wikimedia Commons
Quotations from Wikiquote
Data from Wikidata
Some Like It Hot at Encyclopædia Britannica
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Some Like It Hot at AllMovie
Some Like It Hot at the TCM Movie Database
Some Like It Hot at Rotten Tomatoes
Roger Ebert's review of Some Like It Hot
Literature
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Films directed by Billy Wilder
Filmography
Mauvaise Graine (1934)
The Major and the Minor (1942)
Five Graves to Cairo (1943)
Double Indemnity (1944)
The Lost Weekend (1945)
Death Mills (1945, documentary)
The Emperor Waltz (1948)
A Foreign Affair (1948)
Sunset Boulevard (1950)
Ace in the Hole (1951)
Stalag 17 (1953)
Sabrina (1954)
The Seven Year Itch (1955)
The Spirit of St. Louis (1957)
Love in the Afternoon (1957)
Witness for the Prosecution (1957)
Some Like It Hot (1959)
The Apartment (1960)
One, Two, Three (1961)
Irma la Douce (1963)
Kiss Me, Stupid (1964)
The Fortune Cookie (1966)
The Private Life of Sherlock Holmes (1970)
Avanti! (1972)
The Front Page (1974)
Fedora (1978)
Buddy Buddy (1981)
show
v
t
e
Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Musical or Comedy
An American in Paris (1951)
With a Song in My Heart (1952)
Carmen Jones (1954)
Guys and Dolls (1955)
The King and I (1956)
Les Girls (1957)
Gigi / Auntie Mame (1958)
Porgy and Bess / Some Like It Hot (1959)
Song Without End / The Apartment (1960)
West Side Story / A Majority of One (1961)
The Music Man / That Touch of Mink (1962)
Tom Jones (1963)
My Fair Lady (1964)
The Sound of Music (1965)
The Russians Are Coming, the Russians Are Coming (1966)
The Graduate (1967)
Oliver! (1968)
The Secret of Santa Vittoria (1969)
MASH (1970)
Fiddler on the Roof (1971)
Cabaret (1972)
American Graffiti (1973)
The Longest Yard (1974)
The Sunshine Boys (1975)
A Star Is Born (1976)
The Goodbye Girl (1977)
Heaven Can Wait (1978)
Breaking Away (1979)
Coal Miner's Daughter (1980)
Arthur (1981)
Tootsie (1982)
Yentl (1983)
Romancing the Stone (1984)
Prizzi's Honor (1985)
Hannah and Her Sisters (1986)
Hope and Glory (1987)
Working Girl (1988)
Driving Miss Daisy (1989)
Green Card (1990)
Beauty and the Beast (1991)
The Player (1992)
Mrs. Doubtfire (1993)
The Lion King (1994)
Babe (1995)
Evita (1996)
As Good as It Gets (1997)
Shakespeare in Love (1998)
Toy Story 2 (1999)
Almost Famous (2000)
Moulin Rouge! (2001)
Chicago (2002)
Lost in Translation (2003)
Sideways (2004)
Walk the Line (2005)
Dreamgirls (2006)
Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street (2007)
Vicky Cristina Barcelona (2008)
The Hangover (2009)
The Kids Are All Right (2010)
The Artist (2011)
Les Misérables (2012)
American Hustle (2013)
The Grand Budapest Hotel (2014)
The Martian (2015)
La La Land (2016)
Lady Bird (2017)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
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GND: 4126653-5
LCCN: n96037359
SUDOC: 032011970
VIAF: 316751546
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Triple Crown (baseball)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Rogers Hornsby (left) and Ted Williams (right) are the only batters to have won the Triple Crown twice. Hornsby achieved this in 1922 and 1925, while Williams accomplished this in 1942 and 1947.
In baseball, a player earns the Triple Crown when he leads a league in three specific statistical categories in the same season. The term "Triple Crown" generally refers to the batting achievement of leading a league in batting average, home runs, and runs batted in (RBI) over the same season.[1][2] The term "Pitching Triple Crown" refers to the pitching achievement of leading a league in wins, strikeouts, and earned run average (ERA).
The term "Triple Crown" is typically used when a player leads one league, such as the American League (AL) or the National League (NL), in the specified categories. A tie for a lead in any category, such as home runs, is sufficient to be considered the leader in that category. A "Major League Triple Crown" may be said to occur when a player leads all of Major League Baseball in all three categories.
Contents
1 Batting Triple Crown
2 Pitching Triple Crown
3 Major League Records
4 Triple Crown winners
4.1 Batting
4.2 Pitching
5 See also
6 References
Batting Triple Crown[edit]
The term "Triple Crown" generally refers to the batting achievement. A batter who completes a season leading a league in batting average, home runs, and runs batted in (RBI) may be said to have won the "Triple Crown".[1] As the term, unless modified, connotes the batting achievement, it may not be necessary to refer to this as the "batting" Triple Crown.
The Triple Crown reflects the ability of a batter to excel in three important ways: to hit safely a high percentage of the time (batting average); to hit the ball long distances (home runs); and to produce when runners are on base, driving them home to score (RBI). It is an uncommon feat to lead all batters in each of these categories. It has been accomplished 17 times in a major league, most recently in 2012, by Miguel Cabrera. Cabrera's was the first since 1967, when Carl Yastrzemski accomplished the feat.
In the major leagues, the most batting Triple Crowns won by a player is two. Rogers Hornsby was the first to accomplish it, winning his first in 1922 and then leading all major leagues in 1925 en route to his second Triple Crown, both with the St. Louis Cardinals.[3][4] Ted Williams later matched this mark in the AL, winning in 1942 and 1947 with the Boston Red Sox.[5][6] The Cardinals have won the most batting Triple Crowns as a franchise with four. Along with Hornsby's two, Tip O'Neill won in the now-defunct American Association in 1887 while the team was known as the St. Louis Browns,[7] and Joe Medwick added the Cardinals' fourth in 1937.[8] Eleven of the thirteen eligible[9] players who have offensive Triple Crowns have been elected to the Hall of Fame.[10] [11] Baseball writer and ESPN contributor Tim Kurkjian believes the Triple Crown has become more difficult to win with the advent of more hitters who choose to specialize in either hitting for batting average or power.[12]
Pitching Triple Crown[edit]
Clayton Kershaw (left) and Justin Verlander (right) won the National and American League pitching triple crowns, respectively, in 2011. It was the first time since 1924 that both leagues had pitching triple crown winners.
A pitcher who leads the league in wins, strikeouts, and earned run average (ERA) is said to have won the "Pitching Triple Crown".[13] In contrast to the respective batting statistics, the Pitching Triple Crown statistics are more or less complementary of one another (for example, a pitcher who is especially proficient at striking out batters is likely to allow a relatively low number of earned runs, and consequently more likely to win games), therefore, the accomplishment is not quite as rare as the batting feat.
In the major leagues, the Pitching Triple Crown has been accomplished 38 times. The most by one player is three, accomplished by three players. Grover Cleveland Alexander captured his first two in consecutive seasons with the Philadelphia Phillies (1915–1916), and won a third in 1920 with the Chicago Cubs. Alexander is the only major league pitcher to win a Pitching Triple Crown with more than one major league team.[14][15][16] Walter Johnson won his three Triple Crowns with the first Washington Senators, leading the league in all three categories in 1913, 1918, and 1924.[17][18][19] Sandy Koufax was the most recent to capture three Triple Crowns, winning his three within four seasons for the Los Angeles Dodgers (1963, 1965–1966); all of Koufax's crowns were Major League Crowns (led both leagues), the most for any player.[20][21][22]
Other major league pitchers who have won multiple Pitching Triple Crowns include Christy Mathewson (1905 and 1908 New York Giants), Lefty Grove (1930 and 1931 Philadelphia Athletics), Lefty Gomez (1934 and 1937 New York Yankees), and Roger Clemens (1997 and 1998 Toronto Blue Jays).[23]
One pitcher, Guy Hecker, won a Triple Crown in a major league that is currently defunct; he led the American Association in wins, strikeouts, and ERA in 1884 while pitching for the Louisville Colonels.[24]
Eighteen of twenty-four major league pitchers who have won a Triple Crown and are eligible for the Hall of Fame have been elected to the Hall of Fame.[25] The Triple Crown winners who most recently became eligible for the Hall are Pedro Martínez and Randy Johnson. Both were elected to the Hall of Fame in 2015, each in their first year of eligibility.[26]
The most recent major league pitchers to achieve the feat are Clayton Kershaw and Justin Verlander, who won for the NL and AL respectively in 2011 (the first season since 1924 to see Triple Crown winners in both leagues).[27]
Major League Records[edit]
The first major league pitcher to achieve the Pitching Triple Crown was Tommy Bond, in the NL in 1877. The following year, Paul Hines became the first major leaguer to lead the NL in the three batting categories; he and Miguel Cabrera are the only to two players to hit for an AL or NL Triple Crown winners and not (yet) reach the Hall of Fame, although Cabrera is not yet eligible for election.[10][23] The highest home run total reached by a Crown winner was Mickey Mantle, with 52 in 1956. The highest RBI total belongs to Lou Gehrig, with 165 in 1934. Rogers Hornsby has the highest home run total by a NL winner, 42, from his 1922 campaign. The NL high for RBI is 154, made by Joe Medwick in 1937. Hugh Duffy's .440 average in 1894 is the highest batting average by any player in NL history. Nap Lajoie, in 1901, set the all-time AL single-season high in batting average with .426. Among the major leaguers who earned the pitching Triple Crown, the lowest ERAs belong to Walter Johnson (1.14 in 1913 AL) and Grover Alexander (1.22 in 1915 NL). The highest win total belongs to Charles Radbourn, amassed in 1884, who in that year set a major league single-season record with at least 59 wins.[28] [29] Radbourn struck out 441 batters that season, the highest total for a Triple Crown winner. Walter Johnson holds the highest win total by an AL pitching Triple Crown winner, with 36, attained in 1913. Among AL pitching Triple Crown winners, Pedro Martínez registered the highest season strikeout total, with 313 in 1999. Since 1901, the major league pitcher with the highest season strikeout total in the course of a Triple Crown season is Sandy Koufax, punching out 382 in 1965.
Triple Crown winners[edit]
Key
Year
Links to the article about the corresponding Major League Baseball season
Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum
Player is active
*
Denotes "Major League" Triple Crown
§
Player also won the MVP Award in the same year
HR
Home runs
RBI
Runs batted in
AVG
Batting average
W
Wins
K
Strikeouts
ERA
Earned run average
NL
National League
AL
American League
AA
American Association
Batting[edit]
See also: List of Major League Baseball batting champions, List of Major League Baseball annual home run leaders, and List of Major League Baseball annual runs batted in leaders
NOTE: Research in 2015 places the Chicago Cubs' Heinie Zimmerman of 1912 (back) on this list as well.[30] Yet there is doubt over whether Hugh Duffy's 1894 RBI totals were the highest.[31]
Miguel Cabrera is the most recent Triple Crown winner, achieving it in 2012; the first since 1967.
Year
Player
Position
Team
League
HR
RBI
AVG
Ref(s)
1878
Paul Hines
Center fielder Providence Grays NL 4 50 .358 [32]
1887
Tip O'Neill
Left fielder St. Louis Browns AA 14 123 .435 [7]
1894
Hugh Duffy
Outfielder Boston Beaneaters NL 18 145 .440 [33]
1901
Nap Lajoie
Second baseman Philadelphia Athletics AL 14 125 .426 [34]
1909
Ty Cobb
Right fielder Detroit Tigers AL 9* 107* .377* [35][36]
1922
Rogers Hornsby
Second baseman St. Louis Cardinals NL 42 152 .401 [3]
1925
Rogers Hornsby
Second baseman St. Louis Cardinals NL 39* 143* .403* [4][37]
1933
Jimmie Foxx §
First baseman Philadelphia Athletics AL 48 163 .356 [38]
1933
Chuck Klein
Right fielder Philadelphia Phillies NL 28 120 .368 [39]
1934
Lou Gehrig
First baseman New York Yankees AL 49* 165* .363* [40][41]
1937
Joe Medwick §
Left fielder St. Louis Cardinals NL 31 154 .374 [42]
1942
Ted Williams
Left fielder Boston Red Sox AL 36* 137* .356* [5][43]
1947
Ted Williams
Left fielder Boston Red Sox AL 32 114 .343 [6]
1956
Mickey Mantle §
Center fielder New York Yankees AL 52* 130* .353* [44][45]
1966
Frank Robinson §
Right fielder Baltimore Orioles AL 49 122 .316 [46]
1967
Carl Yastrzemski §
Left fielder Boston Red Sox AL 44 121 .326 [47]
2012
Miguel Cabrera §
Third Baseman Detroit Tigers AL 44 139 .330 [48]
Pitching[edit]
See also: List of Major League Baseball annual ERA leaders, List of Major League Baseball annual strikeout leaders, and List of Major League Baseball annual wins leaders
Grover Cleveland Alexander won three National League pitching Triple Crowns (1915–1916, 1920) with two different teams.
Hall of Famer Sandy Koufax won three National League pitching Triple Crowns, two consecutively and all three within four seasons.
Walter Johnson won three American League pitching Triple Crowns with the Washington Senators.
Year
Player
Team
League
ERA
W
K
Ref(s)
1877
Tommy Bond
Boston Red Caps NL 2.11 40 170 [49]
1884
Guy Hecker
Louisville Colonels AA 1.80 52 385 [24]
1884
Charles Radbourn
Providence Grays NL 1.38 59 441 [50]
1888
Tim Keefe
New York Giants NL 1.74 35 335 [51]
1889
John Clarkson
Boston Beaneaters NL 2.73 49 284 [52]
1894
Amos Rusie
New York Giants NL 2.78 36 195 [53]
1901
Cy Young
Boston Americans AL 1.62 33 158 [54]
1905
Christy Mathewson
New York Giants NL 1.27 31 206 [55]
1905
Rube Waddell
Philadelphia Athletics AL 1.48 27 287 [56]
1908
Christy Mathewson
New York Giants NL 1.43 37 259 [57]
1913
Walter Johnson
Washington Senators AL 1.14* 36* 243* [17][58]
1915
Grover Cleveland Alexander
Philadelphia Phillies NL 1.22* 31* 241* [14][59]
1916
Grover Cleveland Alexander
Philadelphia Phillies NL 1.55 33 167 [15]
1918
Walter Johnson
Washington Senators AL 1.27* 23* 162* [18][60]
1918
Hippo Vaughn
Chicago Cubs NL 1.74 22 148 [61]
1920
Grover Cleveland Alexander
Chicago Cubs NL 1.91 27 173 [16]
1924
Walter Johnson
Washington Senators AL 2.72 23 158 [19]
1924
Dazzy Vance
Brooklyn Robins NL 2.16* 28* 262* [62][63]
1930
Lefty Grove
Philadelphia Athletics AL 2.54* 28* 209* [64][65]
1931
Lefty Grove §
Philadelphia Athletics AL 2.06* 31* 175* [66][67]
1934
Lefty Gomez
New York Yankees AL 2.33 26 158 [68]
1937
Lefty Gomez
New York Yankees AL 2.33 21 194 [69]
1939
Bucky Walters§
Cincinnati Reds NL 2.29 27 137 [70]
1940
Bob Feller
Cleveland Indians AL 2.61 27 261 [71]
1945
Hal Newhouser §
Detroit Tigers AL 1.81* 25* 212* [72][73]
1963
Sandy Koufax §
Los Angeles Dodgers NL 1.88* 25* 306* [20][74]
1965
Sandy Koufax
Los Angeles Dodgers NL 2.04* 26* 382* [21][75]
1966
Sandy Koufax
Los Angeles Dodgers NL 1.73* 27* 317* [22][76]
1972
Steve Carlton
Philadelphia Phillies NL 1.97 27 310 [77]
1985
Dwight Gooden
New York Mets NL 1.53* 24* 268* [78][79]
1997
Roger Clemens
Toronto Blue Jays AL 2.05 21 292 [80]
1998
Roger Clemens
Toronto Blue Jays AL 2.65 20 271 [81]
1999
Pedro Martínez
Boston Red Sox AL 2.07 23 313 [82]
2002
Randy Johnson
Arizona Diamondbacks NL 2.32 24 334 [83]
2006
Johan Santana
Minnesota Twins AL 2.77* 19* 245* [84][85]
2007
Jake Peavy
San Diego Padres NL 2.54 19 240 [86]
2011
Clayton Kershaw
Los Angeles Dodgers NL 2.28 21 248 [87]
2011
Justin Verlander §
Detroit Tigers AL 2.40 24 250 [88]
See also[edit]
Baseball portal
Book: Triple Crown (baseball)
Cy Young Award
Hank Aaron Award
List of Major League Baseball awards
Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award
References[edit]
General
"MLB Triple Crown Winners". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
"MLB Baseball Hall of Fame Inductees". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
Gammons, Peter; Gillette, Gary; Palmer, Pete. The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia, Fourth Edition (ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia). Sterling. ISBN 978-1-4027-4771-7.
Inline citations
^ Jump up to: a b Morosi, Jon Paul (June 4, 2010). "Cabrera has a legit shot at triple crown". Fox Sports. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ Lockwood, Wayne (December 1997). "A Batter's Top Challenge: Winning the Triple Crown". Baseball Digest. Lakeside. 56 (12): 60–63. ISSN 0005-609X. [permanent dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b "1922 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1925 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1942 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1947 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010. Frank Robinson is the only player to win a triple crown in each league.
^ Jump up to: a b "1887 American Association Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1937 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Rules for Election". National Baseball Hall of Fame. Retrieved June 21, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Hall of Fame Batting Register". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ Nightengale, Bob (September 28, 2012). "Tigers' Miguel Cabrera closes in on rare Triple Crown". USA Today. Retrieved 28 September 2012.
Jump up ^ Kurkjian, Tim (July 20, 2009). "Pujols pushing for Triple Crown history". ESPN.com. Retrieved June 10, 2010.
Jump up ^ Connolly, Dan (July 9, 2007). "Cheers and jeers as Major League season hits midway point". The Post and Courier. Charleston, South Carolina. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1915 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1916 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1920 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1913 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1918 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1924 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1963 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1965 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1966 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "MLB Triple Crown Winners". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "1884 American Association Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Hall of Fame Pitching Register". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kurkjian, Tim (January 9, 2012). "Whopper of a list of names await in 2013". ESPN.com. Retrieved October 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Triple Crowns highlight 2011 stat leaders". ESPN.com. September 29, 2011. Archived from the original on September 30, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Single-Season Leaders & Records for Wins". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ cf. Macmillan Publishing Co. (1988). The Baseball Encyclopedia (7th ed.) (Joseph Reichler ed.). Collier Books. ISBN 0025790307. (crediting Radbourn with 60 wins in 1884).
Jump up ^ "Krabbenhoft: Solving the mystery of Heinie Zimmerman's 1912 National League Triple Crown | Society for American Baseball Research". sabr.org. Retrieved 2017-06-30.
Jump up ^ "Hugh Duffy | Society for American Baseball Research". sabr.org. Retrieved 2017-06-30.
Jump up ^ "1878 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Hugh Duffy Player Page". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "1901 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1909 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1909 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1925 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1933 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1933 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1934 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1934 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1937 National League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1942 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1956 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1956 Major League Baseball Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1966 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1967 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 9, 2010.
Jump up ^ "2012 American League Batting Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "1877 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1884 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1888 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1889 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1894 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1901 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1905 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1905 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1908 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1913 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1915 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1918 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1918 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1924 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1924 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1930 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1930 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1931 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1931 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1934 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1937 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1939 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1940 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1945 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1945 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1963 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1965 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1966 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1972 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1985 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1985 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1997 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1998 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "1999 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "2002 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "2006 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "2006 Major League Baseball Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "2007 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved January 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "2011 National League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
Jump up ^ "2011 American League Pitching Leaders". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved September 27, 2011.
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Major League Baseball batters who have won the Triple Crown
Miguel Cabrera
Ty Cobb
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Jimmie Foxx
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Nap Lajoie
Mickey Mantle
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Major League Baseball pitchers who have won the Triple Crown
Grover Cleveland Alexander
Tommy Bond
Steve Carlton
John Clarkson
Roger Clemens
Bob Feller
Lefty Gomez
Dwight Gooden
Lefty Grove
Guy Hecker
Randy Johnson
Walter Johnson
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Amos Rusie
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Dazzy Vance
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Rube Waddell
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