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List of Winnie-the-Pooh characters
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This is a list of characters appearing in the Winnie-the-Pooh books and the Disney adaptations of the series.
Contents
1 Main characters
1.1 Winnie-the-Pooh
1.2 Christopher Robin
1.3 Piglet
1.4 Eeyore
1.5 Kanga
1.6 Roo
1.7 Rabbit
1.8 Tigger
1.9 Owl
2 Minor characters in the books
2.1 Bees
2.2 Rabbit's friends and relations
2.3 Heffalumps
2.4 Woozles
2.5 Jagulars
2.6 The Backson
2.7 Scary trees
2.8 Uncle Robert
3 Characters in Return to the Hundred Acre Wood
3.1 Lottie
3.2 Grandad Buck
3.3 Thesaurus
4 Major characters created by Disney
4.1 The Narrator
4.2 Gopher
4.3 Kessie
4.4 Lumpy
4.5 Darby
4.6 Buster
5 Recurring characters in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh
5.1 Birdzilla
5.2 Bugs
5.3 Christopher Robin's mother
5.4 Crows
5.5 Dexter
5.6 Grandfather Gopher
5.7 Father, Mother, and Junior Heffalump
5.8 The Pack Rats
5.9 Skippy
5.10 Stan and Heff
5.11 Wooster
6 Recurring characters in My Friends Tigger and Pooh
6.1 Beaver
6.2 Holly
6.3 Mama Heffalump
6.4 Porcupine
6.5 Possums
6.6 Raccoon
6.7 Skunk
6.8 Squirrels
6.9 Turtle
6.10 Woodpecker
6.11 Springs
7 Other characters
7.1 Pygmy Piglets
7.2 Long John Cottontail
7.3 Babysitter
7.4 Pooh, Piglet, and Tigger look-alikes
8 References
Main characters[edit]
Winnie-the-Pooh[edit]
Main article: Winnie-the-Pooh
Winnie-the-Pooh, or Pooh for short, is an anthropomorphic, soft-voiced, cuddly, loveable and quiet toy bear and the main protagonist. Despite being naïve and slow-witted, he is a friendly, thoughtful and sometimes insightful character who is always willing to help his friends and try his best. A prime motivation is his love for honey, which quite often leads to trouble.
In the books, Pooh is a talented poet, and the stories are frequently punctuated by his poems and "hums." He is humble about his slow-wittedness, but comfortable with his creative gifts.
In the Disney adaptations, Pooh has a soft voice, wears a red shirt and his catchphrases are "Oh, Bother!" and "Think, think, think". He has been voiced by Sterling Holloway (1966–1977), Hal Smith (1981–1986), and by Jim Cummings (1988–present). Cummings reprised his role for the Christopher Robin film.
Christopher Robin[edit]
Main article: Christopher Robin
The sole human character in the story books, he has a "cheerful" and compassionate personality and is someone whom Pooh and the others look up to. Despite being a child, he is much wiser and more mature than many of the other characters. Pooh considers both Christopher Robin and Piglet to be his best friends.
Christopher Robin matures considerably over the course of the books. Several chapters in The House at Pooh Corner are concerned with Christopher Robin beginning to go to school and his increasing book-learning. In the final chapter, Christopher Robin leaves his stuffed animals behind and asks Pooh to understand and to always remember him.
In the Disney adaptations, he is 10 years old and only goes to day school. As in the books, he is best friends with both Piglet and Pooh, and he and Pooh always do nothing together. He has a best friend, Darby, a six year old girl who hosts My Friends Tigger & Pooh, but she only appeared on the show twice.
Christopher Robin is voiced by Bruce Reitherman (1966), Timothy Turner (1974), Jon Walmsley (1968), Kim Christianson (1983), Tim Hoskins (1988–1991), Edan Gross (1991), Brady Bluhm (1997–1999), Tom Attenborough (2000), Tom Wheatley (2003), William Green (2002), Paul Tiesler (2001–2003), Struan Erlenborn (2007–2010), Jack Boulter (2011), and Oliver Bell (2017). Christopher Robin starred in his own film, portrayed by Ewan McGregor as an adult and Orton O'Brien a child (2018).
Piglet[edit]
Main article: Piglet (Winnie-the-Pooh)
Pooh's best friend besides Christopher Robin. In the books he is a timorous small animal, who often takes his lead from Pooh unless overcome by fear. But increasingly through the stories he shows himself to be very brave when faced with a crisis and given sufficient encouragement (usually by Pooh). He is fond of "haycorns".
In the Disney series he is kind, gentle and ordinarily quite shy, but with Pooh by his side, he often overcomes his fears. His catchphrase is "Oh, D-D-Dear!". Piglet lives in a beech tree that he likes to keep neat and tidy, and can sing very well. He has been voiced by Robie Lester (1967-1968), John Fiedler (1968–2005), Phil Baron (1983–1986), Travis Oates (2005–present), and in the Christopher Robin film, he was voiced by Nick Mohammed.
Eeyore[edit]
Main article: Eeyore
Pooh's ever-glum, sarcastic and pessimistic donkey friend who has trouble keeping his tail attached to his bottom, since the nail keeps falling out. Eeyore has a house made of sticks, which falls apart (many times in the Disney films as a running gag) and has to be rebuilt.
In the Disney cartoons, Eeyore is slow-talking and more cautious than some of the other animals, and is often reluctant to go along with their actions, but usually does not bother trying to oppose anyone because he believes it to be futile to try. His catchphrase is "Thanks for noticing" as indicated to himself. He has been voiced by Ralph Wright (1966–1983), Thurl Ravenscroft (1967-1968), Ron Feinberg (1981), Ron Gans (1983–1986), Peter Cullen (1988–2010, 2017–present), Bud Luckey (2011–2014), and in the Christopher Robin film, he was voiced by Brad Garrett.
Kanga[edit]
These stuffed animals are the ones that belonged to Christopher Robin Milne, upon which the stories were based. They are on display in the Donnell Library Center in New York City. The tiger became Tigger, the kangaroo Kanga, the bear Winnie-the-Pooh, the piglet Piglet, and the donkey Eeyore. The kangaroo came with a baby that inspired Roo, but Christopher Robin lost the toy at a young age. Noticeably absent are Owl and Rabbit; these two characters were made up for the stories by the author.
Kanga is a female kangaroo and the doting mother of Roo. The two live in a house near the Sandy Pit in the northwestern part of the forest. Kanga is the only female character to appear in the books. She was based on a stuffed toy that belonged to Christopher Robin Milne.
When Kanga and Roo first come to the forest in chapter seven of Winnie-the-Pooh, everyone thinks Kanga is a fierce animal, but discover this to be untrue and become friends with her. In the books, when Tigger comes to the forest, she welcomes him into her home, attempts to find him food he likes and allows him to live with her and Roo. After this, Kanga treats him much the way she does her own son.
Kanga is kind-hearted, calm, patient and docile. She likes to keep things clean and organized, and offers motherly advice and food to anyone who asks her. She is protective over Roo, almost obsessively, and treats him with kind words and gentle discipline. She also has a sense of humor, as revealed in chapter seven of Winnie-the-Pooh when Rabbit connives to kidnap Roo, leaving Piglet in his place; Kanga pretends not to notice that Piglet is not Roo and proceeds to give him Roo's usual bath, much to Piglet's dismay.
In the Disney adaptations, Kanga's personality is unchanged (though she is a little more sensible and does give Roo some level of independence), but she plays a slightly lesser role and does not appear as often as Roo does. Additionally, Tigger lives in his own house instead of with Kanga (although he is seen frequently visiting her house). Kanga also has a love for carrots. She has been voiced by Barbara Luddy (1966–1977), Julie McWhirter (1983), Patricia Parris (1988–1991), Tress MacNeille (1994–1999), Kath Soucie (2000–2010), Kristen Anderson-Lopez (2011–present), and in the film Christopher Robin (2018), she was voiced by Sophie Okonedo.
Roo[edit]
Main article: Roo
Kanga's cheerful, playful and energetic joey, who is her son and moved to the Hundred Acre Wood with her. His best friend is a young Heffalump named Lumpy who love to play with him. Roo is the youngest of the main characters.
Voiced in the Disney films by Clint Howard (1966–1977), Robie Lester (1967–1968), Dori Whitaker (1974), Dick Billingsley (1983), Kim Christianson (1983–1986), Nicholas Melody (1988–1990), Nikita Hopkins (1994–2005), Jimmy Bennett (2004–2005), Max Burkholder (2007–2010), Wyatt Hall (2011), and Sara Sheen (2018).
Rabbit[edit]
Main article: Rabbit (Winnie-the-Pooh)
Rabbit is one of the characters not based on a toy once owned by Christopher Robin Milne. He was said to be based on a real rabbit where they lived. He is friendly, yet capable of being impatient and irritable. He fancies himself the smartest animal in the Hundred Acre Wood, since he is not scatterbrained like Owl. He insists on doing things his way and is obsessed with rules, planning and order. He often bosses others around, but deep down, he cares a lot about his friends.
In the Walt Disney films, he takes pride in his garden and dislikes it when the other characters disrupt it. Disney's Rabbit likes gardening, cleaning, and magic tricks.
Voiced in the Disney films by Junius Matthews (1966–1977), Dallas McKennon (1967–1968), Ray Erlenborn (1983), Will Ryan (1983–1986), Ken Sansom (1988–2010), Tom Kenny (2011–present), and in the Christopher Robin film, he was voiced by Peter Capaldi.
Tigger[edit]
Main article: Tigger
Pooh's exuberant, happy, less-than-responsible and sometimes trouble-making tiger friend. He bounces around, especially bouncing on others. He is full of energy, outgoing, and likes to have fun and is so overconfident that he thinks that any task is "what tiggers do best". He becomes Roo's best friend and later Pooh's when Roo and Lumpy become best friends.
In the Disney films Tigger commonly mispronounces words, like 'ridickerus' (ridiculous) or 'vill-i-an' (villain) and often causes chaos rather than good. However, Tigger is also shown to be tough, fearless, optimistic and resourceful; he is shown to be protective of Roo when Kanga's not around, as seen in "Too Smart For Strangers". His main catchphrase is "Hoo Hoo Hoo Hoo!" when he is happy. He has been voiced by Sam Edwards (1967–1968), Paul Winchell (1968–1999), Will Ryan (1983–1986), and Jim Cummings (1989–present). Cummings reprised his role for the Christopher Robin film.
He often uses nicknames for the other characters, calling Pooh "Pooh Boy", "Fluff Boy" and "Buddy Bear", Rabbit "Ol' Long Ears" , "Fluffface" and "Bunny Boy", and Eeyore "Donkey Boy" (with Tigger pronouncing it as 'dunkey'). In The Tigger Movie and The Book of Pooh, Tigger also sometimes calls Owl "Beak Lips".
Owl[edit]
Owl is the stuffy and talkative eldest main character who presents himself as a mentor and teacher to the others. He was not based on a stuffed toy, so in the illustrations he looks more like a live animal.
Owl and most of his friends believe that he is the most intelligent animal in the wood, but he is really quite scatterbrained. He often rambles on into long-winded speeches and uses words that his friends do not understand. Though Owl likes to present himself as very knowledgeable, like most of the other characters he does not spell very well; he even spells his own name "Wol". When Pooh comes to him for help in writing a birthday greeting for Eeyore, Owl tells Pooh that he is writing, "A very happy birthday with love from Pooh," but in fact writes "HIPY PAPY BTHUTHDTH THUTHDA BTHUTHDY." Pooh, who cannot read or write himself, goes on his way happy with Owl's work and grateful for his help. When Rabbit (who is quite literate) comes to Owl to discuss a notice that Christopher Robin has left, Owl cannot read the notice. But rather than admit this, Owl anxiously bluffs his way through the conversation until he finally tricks Rabbit into reading the notice out loud, at which point Owl resumes his wise demeanor as if he had known all along what it said.
In the books, Owl has a superior but kindly manner towards the others. He can be cross and easily annoyed, especially when his friends ignore or interrupt his long-winded speeches. He sometimes wears reading glasses and he uses his talons for hands, not his wings like in the Disney version. He lives in a tree known as The Chestnuts, described as an "old world residence of great charm". That house is blown down by a storm in the eighth chapter of The House at Pooh Corner. Eeyore eventually discovers what he believes is the perfect new house for Owl, apparently without noticing that it is actually Piglet's house. Nonetheless, Piglet offers the house to Owl. Owl calls his new home "The Wolery".
In the Disney adaptations, Owl is much more jovial and friendly. He speaks with a strong Southern English accent. He enjoys telling stories about his relatives, including his cousin, Dexter, whenever something reminds him of one, but many of his stories are pointless or absurd. His house blows down and he moves into Piglet's house in Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day, but these events are disregarded from Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore onward. In Welcome to Pooh Corner, Owl always wears glasses and loves to cook. He does not appear in My Friends Tigger and Pooh.
He has been voiced by Sam Edwards (1967–1968), Hal Smith (1966–1991), Andre Stojka (1997–2007), Craig Ferguson (2011–present), and in the Christopher Robin film, he was voiced by Toby Jones.
Minor characters in the books[edit]
Bees[edit]
A swarm of honeybees makes their debut in the very first chapter. They live in the hive where Pooh tries to get his honey. They frequently appear in virtually every version of the Disney adaptations. There appear to be several different beehives in the Hundred Acre Wood. Whenever Pooh and his friends encounter the bees, trouble usually occurs with the bees going after them.
Rabbit's friends and relations[edit]
Many small mammals and insects in the books are collectively known as Rabbit's Friends and Relations. They do not generally do much or have much character development, and only a few of them are named.
Alexander Beetle is briefly mentioned on page 119 of Winnie-the-Pooh, and he appears to have become upset and hidden himself in a crack for two days, then went to live with his aunt. He is also the subject of a poem in Now We Are Six.
Small (short for Very Small Beetle) is the subject of a search that Rabbit organizes to find him. Making his debut in My Friends Tigger & Pooh, he is the first new Milne character to appear in the Disney adaptations since the debut of Tigger in Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day.
Henry Rush is a beetle. He had a brief mention in The House at Pooh Corner, and has been expanded in Return to the Hundred Acre Wood. He attended the Spelling Bee, kept score at the cricket game, and danced at the Harvest Festival.
Late and Early are two friends mentioned briefly at the end of The House at Pooh Corner and expanded in Return to the Hundred Acre Wood. They attended Christopher Robin's coming home party and received sugar mice. They also attended the Spelling Bee. Although it is never mentioned what species they are, illustrations point to them being mice.
Smallest-of-All, or S. of A. for short, is mentioned near the end of The House at Pooh Corner and near the beginning of Return to the Hundred Acre Wood. He has a tendency to be unsure of what he sees. His species is never revealed.
Rabbit's family appears alongside Rabbit in the books. Many relatives appear in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh episode "Party Poohper" and he occasionally mentions them at other times in the Disney adaptations.
Heffalumps[edit]
Main article: Heffalump
Heffalumps are elephant-like monsters first mentioned in the fifth chapter of the first book and in the third chapter of the second. In the books, Piglet twice has a run-in with a Heffalump that is only a figment of his imagination. The Disney version establishes them as real creatures. Like Pooh imagined in the books, Heffalumps are fond of honey and like to take it for themselves. There have been several real Heffalump characters in the Disney version. Some Heffalumps are villainous creatures and some are genuinely good. Lumpy the heffalump is Roo's good friend, appearing in Pooh's Heffalump Movie and My Friends Tigger and Pooh.
Woozles[edit]
"Woozle" redirects here. For other uses, see Woozle (disambiguation).
A Woozle is a weasel-like monster imagined by the characters in the third and ninth chapters of Winnie-the-Pooh. No Woozles actually appear in A. A. Milne's original stories, but the book depicts them as living in cold, snowy places. They are first mentioned when Pooh and Piglet attempt to capture one, which they assume made the tracks in the snow going around a larch spinney. The more they follow them, the more sets of tracks they find, but Christopher Robin shows them that the tracks around the spinney are their own.
Woozles appear in the song "Heffalumps and Woozles" in Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day, which establishes their fondness for stealing honey and their association with Heffalumps. In The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, Woozles are real creatures. A Woozle named Stan and his sidekick Heff the Heffalump are recurring villains. They once recruited a giant Woozle named Wooster (also voiced by Jim Cummings) who turned against them when Pooh and his friends taught him the value of friendship. Woozles do not appear in the Disney adaptations nearly as often as Heffalumps do and, unlike Heffalumps, always attempt to act as villains, with Wooster being the only one to change his mind on this.
Jagulars[edit]
Jagulars are imagined jaguar-like fierce creatures that are only mentioned in the fourth chapter of The House at Pooh Corner, in which Pooh and Piglet mistake Tigger for one. According to Pooh, they always yell "Help" (or "Halloo" in Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too!), hang in trees, and drop on you when you look up. Jagulars have yet to actually appear in any Disney adaptations. Their most prominent role to date is in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh where they are mentioned more often and are the main antagonists in a couple of episodes.
The Backson[edit]
The Backson is a creature imagined by the characters after misunderstanding Christopher Robin's note, which meant he would be "back soon" from school. He is mentioned but not seen in The House at Pooh Corner as "the Spotted or Herbaceous Backson" He is the main antagonist in Winnie the Pooh where the animals think he has captured Christopher Robin. Owl describes him as a large, ugly, mean and scary purple and blue creature who ruins or destroys many everyday items, such as books, socks and crayons. Pooh and his friends build a trap to try to capture him (a pit with a trail of books, socks, dishes, toys and other items leading to it), but Christopher Robin reveals that he was never captured, just away at school. At the end of the film, the Backson turns out to be real, but he is a kind and helpful creature who wants to return people's things to them. However, the trap does capture him, as he picks up all the items and then falls into the pit.
The Backson is voiced by Huell Howser.
Scary trees[edit]
Evil living trees that tend to frighten those who encounter them. They first appeared in Boo to You Too! Winnie the Pooh where Piglet encounters two of them while fleeing in the woods. They make most of their appearances in video games.
Uncle Robert[edit]
Owl's uncle whose portrait hangs on Owl's wall. He is mentioned in the eighth chapter of The House at Pooh Corner, but never actually appears. His portrait appears in Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore when Owl says Uncle Robert celebrated his 103rd birthday, despite claiming to be 97. Return to the Hundred Acre Wood reveals that Uncle Robert is dead, but Owl keeps his ashes in a vase and attempts to write his biography.
Characters in Return to the Hundred Acre Wood[edit]
Lottie[edit]
Lottie is an otter and the only new major character in Return to the Hundred Acre Wood. Lottie is a "feisty" character who is also good at cricket and insists on proper etiquette.[1] She wears a pearl necklace and can play the mouth organ, but is a little snide and snobby in her remarks. She makes her home in a wooden trunk filled with water that she calls Fortitude Hall. According to Benedictus, "Lottie the Otter truly embodies Winnie-the-Pooh's values of friendship and adventure seen throughout Milne's work, thus making the perfect companion for everyone's favourite bear."
Grandad Buck[edit]
Grandad Buck is Rabbit's grandfather. He wears glasses and is described as "Very Ancient and the Head of the Rabbit Family". He does not entirely approve of Rabbit, but gives him advice anyway. He knew Owl's late Uncle Robert, who sent him letters.
Thesaurus[edit]
A Thesaurus is what Piglet imagines to be a large reptilian creature in a similar way to how the characters imagined Heffalumps and other creatures in the original books. Even after Piglet learns what the word "thesaurus" means, he still imagines it to be an animal.
Major characters created by Disney[edit]
The Narrator[edit]
The storyteller who speaks off-screen. Sometimes the characters, who are aware that they are in a book, speak with him while facing him. They sometimes affectionately call him "Mr. Narrator". He sometimes uses his position to help the characters, since he can manipulate the book and pages. Some stories, such as Pooh's Grand Adventure: The Search for Christopher Robin have a narrator, but omit the "book" feature, so the characters are unaware of him. Welcome to Pooh Corner is the only time when viewers actually see his face. He does not appear at all in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh, Piglet's Big Movie and Pooh's Heffalump Movie (in Pooh's Heffalump Movie, Pooh is the narrator). He is the only Disney-only character who returns for Winnie the Pooh. Typically, he speaks with a Southern English Accent.
Voiced by Sebastian Cabot, Laurie Main, David Warner, John Hurt, David Ogden Stiers, Michael York and most recently John Cleese
Gopher[edit]
Main article: Gopher (Winnie-the-Pooh)
Gopher is a fictional gray anthropomorphic bucktoothed gopher with a habit of whistling out his sibilant consonants. He is based on the beaver in Lady and the Tramp. He often accidentally falls into one of the many holes he makes in the forest ground by forgetting to watch where he is going. Gopher first appears in Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree and regularly breaks the fourth wall by pointing out that he is "not in the book", although this simply means that he is 'not in the Phone Book', and the purpose of his statement being to get better business. Originally, he was intended to replace Piglet, but he later became his own character. He also appears in Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day with a smaller role, warning Pooh about the "Windsday".
Gopher is a much more prominent character in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh. The series depicts him as a hard worker who takes pride in building tunnels and doing other work, and enjoys blowing things up with dynamite. Gopher and Rabbit often disagree with and complain at each other. In the episode "Lights Out", he is afraid of the dark (mostly instigated by Tigger's claims of dangerous creatures living within his dark tunnels). His grandfather also appears. Gopher's most recent appearances were in A Winnie the Pooh Thanksgiving, Winnie the Pooh: A Valentine for You and Boo to You Too! Winnie the Pooh. The latter was included as part of Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie. Gopher was notably absent from the 2011 film.[2]
Voiced by Howard Morris (1966–1977), Dallas McKennon (1967-1968) and most recently Michael Gough (1988–2002)
Kessie[edit]
Kessie is a blue bird with a white belly. She debuted in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh episode "Find Her, Keep Her". Kessie is cheerful, brave and eager to prove herself. As a baby, Rabbit saved her from a snowstorm and she came to live with him and nicknamed him "Rabbie". Rabbit was very protective of her and initially did not want her to fly. After she finally learned to fly, she migrated south for the winter, despite a reluctant Rabbit, but returned in "A Bird in the Hand", where she is now older. In later appearances, she has reverted to being a young bird. After appearing in Seasons of Giving, Kessie was relaunched as a main character in The Book of Pooh, her first regular role, though after the series, Kessie is never seen or mentioned again.
Voiced by Laura Mooney, Stephanie D'Abruzzo and Amanda Maddock.
Lumpy[edit]
Heffridge Trumpler Brompet "Lumpy" Heffalump, IV is a young lavender Heffalump with a tuft of purple hair on his head, a furry bobble-tail and a British accent and is Roo's closest best friend. He lives in a part of the forest called Heffalump Hollow with his mother. He has a stuffed alligator named Alvin and enjoys a snack called rumpledoodles. Lumpy debuts in Pooh's Heffalump Movie. The characters were initially afraid of Heffalumps and set out to capture one. Likewise, Lumpy's mother told him not to leave Heffalump Hollow because of scary creatures outside of it. After Roo "captured" Lumpy, they became best friends and no one was afraid of each other anymore. Lumpy also features in Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie and My Friends Tigger & Pooh.
Voiced by Kyle Stanger.
Darby[edit]
Darby is a 6-year-old feisty, imaginative and tomboyish red-headed girl who is the hostess of My Friends Tigger & Pooh and is believed to be Christopher Robin's younger best friend and sister. She is the leader of the problem-solving Super Sleuths along with Tigger, Pooh and her pet puppy Buster. They are the only four characters to appear in every episode. Darby is brave, inquisitive, clever and imaginative. Her catchphrases are "Time to slap my cap" and "Good sleuthin', everyone!" For the most part, she replaced Christopher Robin, who was away at college and rarely appears in the My Friends Tigger and Pooh, but the episode "Christopher Froggin" reveals that she is Christopher Robin's young best friend. Christopher Robin only appeared in two episodes. After the cancellation of the series, she and other new characters from the series ceased appearing, until returning in 2016 when the series returned on Disney Junior for Pooh's 90th anniversary.
Voiced by Chloë Grace Moretz.
Buster[edit]
Buster is Darby's beloved and curious pet puppy and sidekick in My Friends Tigger & Pooh. He is white and wears a red collar with a gold tag. He appears in every episode and is a member of the Super Sleuths. Though he often seems to be only tagging along with the group, he is often a valuable asset in their work. Buster likes to yap loudly when he is excited or on the scent of something.
Voiced by Dee Bradley Baker
Recurring characters in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh[edit]
Birdzilla[edit]
A Dragon-like monster that appeared in the episode "Pooh Oughta Be in Pictures", it was based on Godzilla.
Bugs[edit]
A swarm of green insects who invade Rabbit's garden in several episodes of The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh and try to eat his vegetables. They resemble caterpillars, but are much shorter and have only six limbs. The leader wears an old-fashioned bicorne and acts like an army general. They are the main antagonists in Winnie the Pooh and Christmas Too.
Christopher Robin's mother[edit]
Appearing only in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh and in The Book of Pooh: Stories from the Heart, Christopher Robin's mother's face is never shown. She is normally seen from behind, and when we see the front of her, she is usually seen from the chest down. She enforces the rules on her son, but is usually calm and patient with him and loves him very much. His father is never seen or mentioned. Just like her son, she has light brown hair.
Voiced by Patricia Parris and most recently Vicki Kenderes-Eibner.
Crows[edit]
A flock of crows appears in several episodes of The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh trying to steal Rabbit's vegetables. There are commonly three or four of them. A bigger and more fiendish version of the crows appear only in "A Very Very Large Animal" stealing food from a picnic and eating corn in Rabbit's garden. A redesigned version of the crows appears briefly in Springtime with Roo.
Dexter[edit]
Owl's young cousin who wears glasses. He appeared in "Owl in the Family" and "The Bug Stops Here". In the former, his parents Torbet and Ophelia appear, and in the latter, he becomes friends with Roo, who is the same age as him, while Pooh babysits them. He talks in a similar manner to Owl.
Voiced by Hal Smith.
Grandfather Gopher[edit]
Gopher's grandfather who prefers to "dream" rather than "do". Gopher calls him "Grandpappy". He appears in "To Dream the Impossible Scheme" during the "Pewter Pickaxe" contest that Gopher is desperate to see him win by building an above-ground underground city. He also appears briefly in "Easy Come, Easy Gopher" and is mentioned in "Grown But Not Forgotten".
Voiced by Jim Cummings.
Father, Mother, and Junior Heffalump[edit]
A family of Heffalumps who appeared in "There's No Camp Like Home" and "Trap as Trap Can". Piglet was afraid of Heffalumps before they met and became friends. They live in a house made of logs. Junior wants to make his father, who has many implausible allergies, proud of him.
The Pack Rats[edit]
Three rodents (all voiced by Jim Cummings) who appear as recurring antagonists. They steal anything they can and leave a walnut in exchange, thinking it as payment. The orange Pack Rat is fat and dimwitted, the brown one is grumpy and complaining, and the gray one is their leader. They debut in "Nothing But the Tooth" where they are more like real villains, but in "The Rats Who Came to Dinner", they turn out to be misunderstood and actually help the characters. However, they always return to their urge to steal. Their third and final appearance is in "Oh, Bottle!"
Skippy[edit]
A very large sheepdog belonging to a neighbor of Christopher Robin's. He appears in "Sorry, Wrong Slusher" and "A Pooh Day Afternoon". He is a nice dog, but sometimes makes trouble for the characters. Piglet is afraid of him (as shown in "Sorry, Wrong Slusher", where he thinks Skippy is the "slusher" that Christopher Robin and the animals are afraid of). Unlike other animal characters, Skippy is not anthropomorphized.
Stan and Heff[edit]
Stan and Heff are gangster-like villains who appeared in the episodes "The Great Honey Pot Robbery" and "A Bird in the Hand". They are a Woozle and a Heffalump respectively and try to steal as much honey as they can. Stan is the smarter and more irritable of the two and does most of the scheming, while his dimwitted sidekick Heff provides the muscle. He is also afraid of mice and thinks that Roo is a giant mouse.
Voiced by Ken Sansom and Chuck McCann respectively.
Wooster[edit]
A giant woozle who only appears in "The Great Honey Pot Robbery." He is actually revealed to be a nice woozle, despite his size.
Recurring characters in My Friends Tigger and Pooh[edit]
Beaver[edit]
Beaver lives in a dam near Poohsticks Bridge. He bears a strong resemblance to Gopher, who does not appear in My Friends Tigger and Pooh. Both are hard working rodents with similar appearances and personalities, although Beaver is a little more easygoing.
Voiced by Jim Cummings.
Holly[edit]
Holly is one of Santa's reindeer. She and her mother Vixen appear in Super Sleuth Christmas Movie. Holly came to the forest to find Santa's lost magic bag. The characters rescue her, help her find the bag and accompany her home. When they reach the North Pole, she flies for the first time. She returns for a visit in the episode "Home For the Holly Days". She is voiced by Makaila Baumel.
Mama Heffalump[edit]
Mama Heffalump is Lumpy's mother and the biggest resident of the Hundred Acre Wood. She first appears in Pooh's Heffalump Movie saving Roo from being trapped in a pile of logs, and later appears in episodes of My Friends Tigger and Pooh.
Voiced by Brenda Blethyn/Patricia Parris.
Porcupine[edit]
Porcupine can play the flute and has a passion for cooking but cannot see without her glasses. She is a close friend with Turtle, who is the only character who can hug her because of her sharp quills. They were pen pals before he came to the forest.
Voiced by Tara Strong.
Possums[edit]
Twin possum siblings first appear in "Topsy Turvy Tigger," where they attempt to invite others to their birthday party through use of upside-down drawings. They later appear in "Darby's Im-possum-ible Case", in which the characters are shown meeting them for the first time. They look alike, but have opposite personalities. The boy is zippy and outgoing, while the girl is shy and flees from crowds.
Voiced by Sydney Saylor.
Raccoon[edit]
Raccoon first appears in "Darby's Lost and Found" and later makes regular appearances in the series. He is in charge of a junk/fix-it shop. He speaks a bit like a hippie, and is annoyed when Tigger refers to his "mask," which is just part of his fur.
Voiced by Rob Paulsen.
Skunk[edit]
Skunk first appears in "Skunk's Non-Scents". He is initially upset that he cannot produce a skunk's foul odor. After it is revealed why and when skunks spray, he accomplishes it, pleasing himself. In "Beaver Gets Skunked", Beaver is reluctant to accept him due to skunks' reputation, but overcomes his prejudice and they become friends.
Voiced by James Arnold Taylor.
Squirrels[edit]
Various unnamed squirrels appear frequently in the Hundred Acre Wood. They usually do not speak. They appear numerous times in My Friends Tigger and Pooh, occasionally playing a role in the plot of an episode, and Buster likes to chase them. Squirrels also appear in The Tigger Movie and Piglet's Big Movie.
Turtle[edit]
Turtle has been Porcupine's friend and pen pal since before he came to live in the forest. He lives a slow and easy life, moves slowly, and speaks with a southeastern United States accent. Turtle enjoys quiet activities like bird watching or playing checkers with his friends. Because of his shell, he is the only character who can hug Porcupine.
Voiced by Mark Hamill.
Woodpecker[edit]
Woodpecker is an absent-minded woodpecker who irritates Rabbit by pecking on his house and talks in a fast, bouncy and high-pitched voice. Although Owl does not appear in the series, Woodpecker does share some characteristics with him.
Voiced by Dee Bradley Baker.
Springs[edit]
A bouncing robot who only appears in "Tigger Gets Bounced." Rabbit built Springs to replace Tigger's bouncing. Tigger and Springs compete in a bouncing contest that ends with Springs winning, which gratefully hurts Tigger's feelings. After Beaver foolishly tries to use Springs to mash dirty water (even though Rabbit warns him that Springs isn't supposed to get wet), Springs then short circuits and becomes hostile. Tigger battles Springs while protecting others. After Tigger and Springs disappear behind a hill, an unseen fight is heard. In the end, Tigger comes out from behind the hill, concluding that he had defeated Springs.
Other characters[edit]
Pygmy Piglets[edit]
The Pygmy Piglets only appear in "The Piglet Who Would Be King", an episode of The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh. They are about half the height of Piglet and are all clad in white clothing. They reside in the Land of Milk and Honey, which is where Piglet and his friends go to collect more honey for Pooh. They proclaim Piglet their king and a spring from a broken Jack-in-the-box, given to Piglet as a friendship present from Pooh, is thought to be the tail of a Piglet statue with a honey fountain. When the spring is removed later, the volcano of honey erupts, but Piglet, with the assistance of the Pygmies, diverts the honey flow using two statues and is hailed as a hero.
Long John Cottontail[edit]
Long John Cottontail is Rabbit's deceased great-great uncle. He only appears in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh episode "Rabbit Marks the Spot". Rabbit is annoyed at Pooh, Piglet, Tigger and Gopher for digging up his garden when pretending to be pirates, so he buries a treasure chest full of rocks in the ground and tells them it was the treasure of Long John Cottontail. He gives them a map showing where it is. They find it (despite Rabbit regretting his action and trying to stop them). Rabbit admits that he buried the rocks, but Pooh, Piglet, Tigger and Gopher still believe it was Long John Cottontail, and the rocks were very useful to them. The ghost of Long John Cottontail then appears and says that the animals found his buried rocks, which scares them all away. He is confused as to why they are scared of him, ending the episode.
Babysitter[edit]
A babysitter appears in The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh episode "Babysitter Blues". Christopher Robin, Pooh, Piglet and Tigger repeatedly make a mess at night when his mother is out, and the babysitter gets upset, at one point telling him that if his mother saw the mess she'd never let her babysit again. However, at the end of the episode, Christopher Robin does not make a mess and the babysitter thinks he has been swapped with someone else.
Like Christopher Robin's mother, the Babysitter's face is not shown.
Pooh, Piglet, and Tigger look-alikes[edit]
Three stuff animals who look almost like Pooh, Piglet, and Tigger, but resemble gangsters and are partly bad guys. They only appear in "How Much is That Rabbit in the Window" where they try to steal Rabbit's tag in hopes of getting someone to buy them from the toy store, but the store's owner is seemly unaware of them. After Christopher Robin bought Rabbit, he encouraged them that someone will buy them one day. They then take Rabbit's advice and continue to wait for someone to buy them.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "New friend joins Winnie-the-Pooh". BBC. 2009-09-30. Retrieved 2009-10-01.
Jump up ^ "Movie Review: Winnie the Pooh California Literary Review". Retrieved 2011-07-16.
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Winnie-the-Pooh by A. A. Milne
Winnie the Pooh (Disney franchise)
Books
When We Were Very Young (1924)
Winnie-the-Pooh (1926)
Now We Are Six (1927)
The House at Pooh Corner (1928)
Return to the Hundred Acre Wood (2009)
The Best Bear in All the World (2016)
Winnie-the-Pooh Meets the Queen (2016)
Characters
Winnie-the-Pooh
Disney version
Piglet
Tigger
Christopher Robin
Rabbit
Eeyore
Owl
Kanga
Roo
Heffalumps
Gopher
Soyuzmultfilm featurettes
Winnie-the-Pooh (1969)
Winnie-the-Pooh Pays a Visit (1971)
Winnie-the-Pooh and a Busy Day (1972)
Disney featurettes
Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1966)
Winnie the Pooh and the Blustery Day (1968)
Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too (1974)
Winnie the Pooh and a Day for Eeyore (1983)
Disney shorts
Winnie the Pooh Discovers the Seasons (1981)
Disney feature films
Walt Disney Animation Studios films
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1977)
Winnie the Pooh (2011)
Disneytoon Studios films
The Tigger Movie (2000)
Piglet's Big Movie (2003)
Pooh's Heffalump Movie (2005)
Live-action continuation
Christopher Robin (2018)
Direct-to-video films
Pooh's Grand Adventure: The Search for Christopher Robin (1997)
Seasons of Giving (1999)
The Book of Pooh: Stories from the Heart (2001)
A Very Merry Pooh Year (2002)
Springtime with Roo (2004)
Pooh's Heffalump Halloween Movie (2005)
Super Sleuth Christmas Movie (2007)
Tigger & Pooh and a Musical Too (2009)
Super Duper Super Sleuths (2010)
Television
Welcome to Pooh Corner (1983–1986)
The New Adventures of Winnie the Pooh (1988–1991)
The Book of Pooh (2001–2004)
My Friends Tigger & Pooh (2007–2010)
Specials
Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue (1990)
Winnie the Pooh and Christmas Too (1991)
Boo to You Too! Winnie the Pooh (1996)
A Winnie the Pooh Thanksgiving (1998)
A Valentine for You (1999)
Video games
Winnie the Pooh in the Hundred Acre Wood (1986)
Disney's Animated Storybook
Winnie the Pooh and the Honey Tree (1995)
Winnie the Pooh and Tigger Too (1999)
Kingdom Hearts (2002 onwards)
Ready to Read with Pooh (1997)
Tigger's Honey Hunt (2000)
Piglet's Big Game (2003)
Winnie the Pooh's Rumbly Tumbly Adventure (2005)
Disney Friends (2007)
Winnie the Pooh's Home Run Derby (2007)
Songs
"Winnie the Pooh" (1966)
"Up, Down and Touch the Ground" (1966)
"Rumbly in My Tumbly" (1966)
"Little Black Rain Cloud" (1966)
"Mind over Matter" (1966)
"A Rather Blustery Day" (1968)
"The Wonderful Thing About Tiggers" (1968)
"Heffalumps and Woozles" (1968)
"The Rain Rain Rain Came Down Down Down" (1968)
"Hip Hip Pooh-Ray!" (1968)
"House at Pooh Corner" (1970)
"I Hum to Myself" (1983)
"The Right Side" (1983)
"You're the Only You" (1983)
"Try a Little Something New" (1983)
People
Christopher Robin Milne
E. H. Shepard
Harry Colebourn
Shirley Slesinger Lasswell
Stephen Slesinger
Sherman Brothers
David Benedictus
Mark Burgess
Related
Ashdown Forest
Bother! The Brain of Pooh
Disney franchise
Hundred Acre Wood
The Many Adventures of Winnie the Pooh attraction
More Songs from Pooh Corner
Pooh's Hunny Hunt
Poohsticks
Return to Pooh Corner
The Tao of Pooh
The Te of Piglet
Eeyore's Birthday Party
Winnipeg the Bear
A Bear Named Winnie
Goodbye Christopher Robin
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Winnie-the-Pooh_characters&oldid=855743187"
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Zebra shark
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This species is sometimes called the leopard shark, a name otherwise used for Triakis semifasciata.
Zebra shark
Conservation status

Endangered (IUCN 3.1)[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Chondrichthyes
Order: Orectolobiformes
Family: Stegostomatidae
T. N. Gill, 1862
Genus: Stegostoma
J. P. Müller & Henle, 1837
Species: S. fasciatum
Binomial name
Stegostoma fasciatum
(Hermann, 1783)
Range of the zebra shark
Synonyms
Scyllia quinquecornuatum van Hasselt, 1823
Scyllium heptagonum Rüppell, 1837
Squalus cirrosus Gronow, 1854
Squalus fasciatus Hermann, 1783
Squalus longicaudus Gmelin, 1789
Squalus pantherinus Kuhl & van Hasselt, 1852
Squalus tigrinus Forster, 1781
Squalus varius Seba, 1759
Stegostoma carinatum Blyth, 1847
Stegostoma tigrinum naucum Whitley, 1939
Stegostoma varium Garman, 1913
The zebra shark (Stegostoma fasciatum) is a species of carpet shark and the sole member of the family Stegostomatidae. It is found throughout the tropical Indo-Pacific, frequenting coral reefs and sandy flats to a depth of 62 m (203 ft). Adult zebra sharks are distinctive in appearance, with five longitudinal ridges on a cylindrical body, a low caudal fin comprising nearly half the total length, and a pattern of dark spots on a pale background. Young zebra sharks under 50–90 cm (20–35 in) long have a completely different pattern, consisting of light vertical stripes on a brown background, and lack the ridges. This species attains a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft).
Zebra sharks are nocturnal and spend most of the day resting motionless on the sea floor. At night, they actively hunt for molluscs, crustaceans, small bony fishes, and possibly sea snakes inside holes and crevices in the reef. Though solitary for most of the year, they form large seasonal aggregations. The zebra shark is oviparous: females produce several dozen large egg capsules, which they anchor to underwater structures via adhesive tendrils. Innocuous to humans and hardy in captivity, zebra sharks are popular subjects of ecotourism dives and public aquaria. The World Conservation Union has assessed this species as Endangered worldwide, as it is taken by commercial fisheries across most of its range (except off Australia) for meat, fins, and liver oil. There is evidence that its numbers are dwindling.
Contents
[hide]
1 Taxonomy
2 Phylogeny
3 Description
4 Distribution and habitat
5 Biology and ecology
5.1 Social life
5.2 Life history
6 Human interactions
7 References
8 External links
Taxonomy[edit]
Early taxonomists thought that juvenile zebra sharks were a different species because of their different appearance from adults.
The zebra shark was first described as Squalus varius by Seba in 1758. No type specimen was designated, though Seba included a comprehensive description in Latin and an accurate illustration of a juvenile. Müller and Henle placed this species in the genus Stegostoma in 1837, using the specific epithet fasciatus (or the neuter form fasciatum, as Stegostoma is neuter while Squalus is masculine) from an 1801 work by Bloch and Schneider. In 1984, Compagno rejected the name "varius/m" in favor of "fasciatus/m" for the zebra shark, because Seba did not consistently use binomial nomenclature in his species descriptions (though Squalus varius is one that can be construed as a binomial name). In Compagno's view, the first proper usage of "varius/m" was by Garman in 1913, making it a junior synonym.[2][3] Both S. fasciatum and S. varium are currently in wide usage for this species.[2]
The genus name is derived from the Greek stego meaning "covered", and stoma meaning "mouth".[4] The specific epithet fasciatum means "banded", referring to the striped pattern of the juvenile.[5] The juvenile coloration is also the origin of the common name "zebra shark". The name "leopard shark" is sometimes applied to the spotted adult, but that name usually refers to the houndshark Triakis semifasciata, and is also sometimes used for the tiger shark (Galeocerdo cuvier).[2] Due to their different color patterns and body proportions, both juveniles and subadults have historically been described as separate species (Squalus tigrinus and S. longicaudatus respectively).[3]
Phylogeny[edit]
There is robust morphological support for the placement of the zebra shark, the whale shark (Rhincodon typus), and the nurse sharks (Ginglymostoma cirratum, Nebrius ferrugineus, and Pseudoginglymostoma brevicaudatum) in a single clade. However, the interrelationships between these taxa are disputed by various authors.[6] Dingerkus (1986) suggested that the whale shark is the closest relative of the zebra shark, and proposed a single family encompassing all five species in the clade.[7] Compagno (1988) suggested affinity between this species and either Pseudoginglymostoma or a clade containing Rhincodon, Ginglymostoma, and Nebrius.[3] Goto (2001) placed the zebra shark as the sister group to a clade containing Rhincodon and Ginglymostoma.[6]
Description[edit]
Adult zebra sharks have longitudinal ridges on the body, a spotted pattern, and small eyes with larger spiracles.
Close-up of zebra shark
The zebra shark has a cylindrical body with a large, slightly flattened head and a short, blunt snout. The eyes are small and placed on the sides of the head; the spiracles are located behind them and are as large or larger. The last 3 of the 5 short gill slits are situated over the pectoral fin bases, and the fourth and fifth slits are much closer together than the others. Each nostril has a short barbel and a groove running from it to the mouth.[8] The mouth is nearly straight, with three lobes on the lower lip and furrows at the corners. There are 28–33 tooth rows in the upper jaw and 22–32 tooth rows in the lower jaw; each tooth has a large central cusp flanked by two smaller ones.[3]
There are five distinctive ridges running along the body in adults, one along the dorsal midline and two on the sides. The dorsal midline ridge merges into the first dorsal fin, placed about halfway along the body and twice the size of the second dorsal fin. The pectoral fins are large and broad; the pelvic and anal fins are much smaller but larger than the second dorsal fin. The caudal fin is almost as long as the rest of the body, with a barely developed lower lobe and a strong ventral notch near the tip of the upper lobe. The zebra shark attains a length of 2.5 m (8.2 ft), with an unsubstantiated record of 3.5 m (11 ft).[3] Males and females are not dimorphic in size.[9]
The color pattern in young sharks is dark brown above and light yellow below, with vertical yellow stripes and spots. As the shark grows to 50–90 cm (20–35 in) long, the dark areas begin to break up, changing the general pattern from light-on-dark stripes to dark-on-light spots.[3] There is substantial variation in pattern amongst adults, which can be used to identify particular individuals.[9] In 1964, a partially albino zebra shark completely lacking spots was discovered in the Indian Ocean. The shark, a 1.9 m (6.2 ft) long mature female, was unusual in that albino animals rarely survive long in the wild due to their lack of crypsis.[2]
Distribution and habitat[edit]
Zebra sharks are often seen resting on sand near coral.
The zebra shark occurs in the tropical waters of the Indo-Pacific region, from South Africa to the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf (including Madagascar and the Maldives), to India and Southeast Asia (including Indonesia, the Philippines, and Palau), northward to Taiwan and Japan, eastward to New Caledonia and Tonga, and southward to northern Australia.[3][4]
Bottom-dwelling in nature, the zebra shark is found from the intertidal zone to a depth of 62 m (203 ft) over the continental and insular shelves. Adults and large juveniles frequent coral reefs, rubble, and sandy areas.[3] There are unsubstantiated reports of this species from fresh water in the Philippines.[4] Zebra sharks sometimes cross oceanic waters to reach isolated seamounts.[9] Movements of up to 140 km (87 mi) have been recorded for individual sharks.[9] However, genetic data indicates that there is little exchange between populations of zebra sharks, even if their ranges are contiguous.[10]
Biology and ecology[edit]
During the day, zebra sharks are sluggish and usually found resting on the sea bottom, sometimes using their pectoral fins to prop up the front part of their bodies and facing into the current with their mouths open to facilitate respiration. Reef channels are favored resting spots, since the tightened space yields faster, more oxygenated water.[11] They become more active at night or when food becomes available. Zebra sharks are strong and agile swimmers, propelling themselves with pronounced anguilliform (eel-like) undulations of the body and tail.[3] In a steady current, they have been seen hovering in place with sinuous waves of their tails.[11]
The zebra shark feeds primarily on shelled molluscs, though it also takes crustaceans, small bony fishes, and possibly sea snakes. The slender, flexible body of this shark allows it to wriggle into narrow holes and crevices in search of food, while its small mouth and thickly muscled buccal cavity allow it to create a powerful suction force with which to extract prey.[3] This species may be preyed upon by larger fishes and marine mammals. Known parasites of the zebra shark include four species of tapeworms in the genus Pedibothrium.[2]
Social life[edit]
Zebra sharks are usually solitary, though aggregations of 20–50 individuals have been recorded.[12] Off southeast Queensland, aggregations of several hundred zebra sharks form every summer in shallow water. These aggregations consist entirely of large adults, with females outnumbering males by almost three to one. The purpose of these aggregations is yet unclear; no definite mating behavior has been observed between the sharks.[9] There is an observation of an adult male zebra shark biting the pectoral fin of another adult male and pushing him against the sea floor; the second male was turned on his back, and remained motionless for several minutes. This behavior resembles pre-copulatory behaviors between male and female sharks, and in both cases the biting and holding of the pectoral fin has been speculated to relate to one shark asserting dominance over the other.[13]
Life history[edit]
Several egg cases of the zebra shark
The courtship behavior of the zebra shark consists of the male following the female and biting vigorously at her pectoral fins and tail, with periods in which he holds onto her pectoral fin and both sharks lie still on the bottom. On occasion this leads to mating, in which the male curls his body around the female and inserts one of his claspers into her cloaca. Copulation lasts for two to five minutes.[14] The zebra shark is oviparous, with females laying large egg capsules measuring 17 cm (6.7 in) long, 8 cm (3.1 in) wide, and 5 cm (2.0 in) thick. The egg case is dark brown to purple in color, and has hair-like fibers along the sides that secure it to the substrate.[3] The adhesive fibers emerge first from the female's vent; the female circles vertical structures such as reef outcroppings to entangle the fibers, so as to anchor the eggs. Females have been documented laying up to 46 eggs over a 112-day period.[14] Eggs are deposited in batches of around four.[3] Reproductive seasonality in the wild is unknown.[1]
A juvenile zebra shark with a color pattern intermediate between that of young and adults
In captivity, the eggs hatch after four to six months, depending on temperature.[14] The hatchlings measure 20–36 cm (7.9–14.2 in) long and have proportionately longer tails than adults.[3] The habitat preferences of juveniles are unclear; one report places them at depths greater than 50 m (160 ft), while another report from India suggests they inhabit shallower water than adults. The stripes of the juveniles may have an anti-predator function, making each individual in a group harder to target.[11] Males attain sexual maturity at 1.5–1.8 m (4.9–5.9 ft) long, and females at 1.7 m (5.6 ft) long.[3] Their lifespan has been estimated to be 25–30 years in the wild.[4] There have been two reports of female zebra sharks producing young asexually.[15][16][17] An additional study has observed parthenogenesis in females regardless of sexual history.[18]
Human interactions[edit]
Docile and slow-moving, zebra sharks are not dangerous to humans and can be easily approached underwater. However, they have bitten divers who pull on their tails or attempt to ride them. As of 2008 there is one record of an unprovoked attack in the International Shark Attack File, though no injuries resulted.[4] They are popular attractions for ecotourist divers in the Red Sea, off the Maldives, off Thailand's Phuket and Phi Phi islands, on the Great Barrier Reef, and elsewhere. Many zebra sharks at diving sites have become accustomed to the presence of humans, taking food from divers' hands and allowing themselves to be touched. The zebra shark adapts well to captivity and is displayed by a number of public aquaria around the world. The small, attractively colored young also find their way into the hands of private hobbyists, though this species grows far too large for the home aquarium.[3]
The zebra shark is taken by commercial fisheries across most of its range, using bottom trawls, gillnets, and longlines.[3] The meat is sold fresh or dried and salted for human consumption. Furthermore, the liver oil is used for vitamins, the fins for shark fin soup, and the offal for fishmeal.[19] Zebra sharks are highly susceptible to localized depletion due to their shallow habitat and low levels of dispersal between populations, and market surveys suggest that they are much less common now than in the past. They are also threatened by the degradation of their coral reef habitat by human development, and by destructive fishing practices such as dynamiting or poisoning. As a result, the World Conservation Union has assessed this species as Endangered. Off Australia, the only threat to this species is a very low level of bycatch in prawn trawls, and there it has been assessed as of Least Concern.[1]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Pillans, R. & Simpfendorfer, C. (2003). "Stegostoma fasciatum". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2008. International Union for Conservation of Nature. Retrieved May 12, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Martin, R.A. (January 31, 1999). Albino Zebras and Leopards Changing Their Spots. ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved on May 12, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Compagno, L.J.V. (2002). Sharks of the World: An Annotated and Illustrated Catalogue of Shark Species Known to Date (Volume 2). Rome: Food and Agriculture Organization. pp. 184–188. ISBN 92-5-104543-7.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Bester, C. Biological Profiles: Zebra Shark. Florida Museum of Natural History Ichthyology Department. Retrieved on May 12, 2009.
Jump up ^ Van der Elst, R. & Borchert, P. (1993). A Guide to the Common Sea Fishes of Southern Africa (third ed.). Struik. p. 63. ISBN 1-86825-394-5.
^ Jump up to: a b Goto, T. (2001). "Comparative Anatomy, Phylogeny and Cladistic Classification of the Order Orectolobiformes (Chondrichthyes, Elasmobranchii)". Memoirs of the Graduate School of Fisheries Science, Hokkaido University. 48 (1): 1–101.
Jump up ^ Dingerkus, G. (1986). "Interrelationships of orectolobiform sharks (Chondrichthyes: Selachii)". In Uyeno, T.; Arai, R.; Taniuchi, T.; Matsuura, K. Indo-Pacific fish biology: Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Indo-Pacific Fishes. Tokyo: Ichthyological Society of Japan. pp. 227–245.
Jump up ^ Randall, J.E. & Hoover, J.P. (1995). Coastal Fishes of Oman. University of Hawaii Press. p. 20. ISBN 0-8248-1808-3.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Dudgeon, C.L.; Noad, M.J. & Lanyon, J.M. (2008). "Abundance and demography of a seasonal aggregation of zebra sharks Stegostoma fasciatum". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 368: 269–281. doi:10.3354/meps07581.
Jump up ^ Dudgeon, C.L.; Broderick, D. & Ovenden, J.R. (2009). "IUCN classification zones concord with, but underestimate, the population genetic structure of the zebra shark Stegostoma fasciatum in the Indo-West Pacific". Molecular Ecology. 18 (2): 248–261. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2008.04025.x. PMID 19192179.
^ Jump up to: a b c Martin, R.A. Coral Reefs: Zebra Shark. ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research. Retrieved on May 12, 2009.
Jump up ^ Pillans, R.D. & Simpfendorfer, C.A. (2003). "Zebra shark, Stegostoma fasciatum (Hermann, 1783)". In Cavanagh, R.D.; Kyne, P.M.; Fowler, S.L.; Musick, J.A. & Bennet, M.B. The Conservation Status of Australasian Chondrichthyans: Report of the IUCN Shark Specialist Group Australia and Oceania Regional Red List Workshop. Queensland: IUCN. pp. 60–61.
Jump up ^ Brunnschweiler, J.M. & Pratt, H.L. (Jr.) (2008). "Putative Male – Male Agonistic Behaviour in Free-Living Zebra Sharks, Stegostoma fasciatum". The Open Fish Science Journal. 1 (1): 23–27. doi:10.2174/1874401X00801010023.
^ Jump up to: a b c Kunize, K. & Simmons, L. "Notes on Reproduction of the Zebra Shark, Stegostoma fasciatum, in a Captive Environment". In Smith, M.; Warmolts, D.; Thoney, D. & Hueter, R. The Elasmobranch Husbandry Manual: Captive Care of Sharks, Rays and their Relatives. Special Publication of the Ohio Biological Survey. pp. 493–497. ISBN 0-86727-152-3.
Jump up ^ "Zebra shark at centre of 'virgin birth' mystery" (January 5, 2012). BBC News. Retrieved on January 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ CNN, Anna Cummins, for. "Zebra shark surprises scientists by giving birth without male". CNN. Retrieved 2017-01-18.
Jump up ^ "Virgin Birth: Zebra Shark Has Babies Without Mating". Live Science. Retrieved 2017-01-18.
Jump up ^ [1] (January 16, 2017). Nature Scientific Reports. Retrieved January 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Froese, Rainer and Pauly, Daniel, eds. (2009). "Stegostoma fasciatum" in FishBase. May 2009 version.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Stegostoma fasciatum.
"Stegostoma fasciatum, Zebra shark" at FishBase
"Stegostoma fasciatum (Leopard Shark, Zebra Shark)" at IUCN Red List
"Biological Profiles: Zebra Shark" at Florida Museum of Natural History
"Coral Reefs: Zebra Shark" at ReefQuest Centre for Shark Research
[show]
v
t
e
Extant carpet shark species
Kingdom Animalia
Phylum Chordata
Subphylum Vertebrata
Class Chondrichthyes
Subclass Elasmobranchii
Subdivision Selachii
Brachaeluridae
Brachaelurus
Blind shark (B. waddi)
Heteroscyllium
Bluegrey carpetshark (H. colcloughi)
Ginglymostomatidae
(Nurse sharks)
Ginglymostoma
Nurse shark (G. cirratum)
Nebrius
Tawny nurse shark (N. ferrugineus)
Pseudoginglymostoma
Short-tail nurse shark (P. brevicaudatum)
Hemiscylliidae
(Longtail carpet sharks)
Chiloscyllium
Arabian carpetshark (C. arabicum)
Burmese bamboo shark (C. burmensis)
Bluespotted bamboo shark (C. caerulopunctatum)
Grey bamboo shark (C. griseum)
Hasselt's bamboo shark (C. hasseltii)
Slender bamboo shark (C. indicum)
Whitespotted bamboo shark (C. plagiosum)
Brownbanded bamboo shark (C. punctatum)
Hemiscyllium
Indonesian speckled carpetshark (H. freycineti)
H. galei
Papuan epaulette shark (H. hallstromi)
H. henryi
H. michaeli
Epaulette shark (H. ocellatum)
Hooded carpetshark (H. strahani)
Speckled carpetshark (H. trispeculare)
Orectolobidae
(Wobbegongs)
Eucrossorhinus
Tasselled wobbegong (E. dasypogon)
Orectolobus
Floral banded wobbegong (O. floridus)
Gulf wobbegong (O. halei)
Western wobbegong (O. hutchinsi)
Japanese wobbegong (O. japonicus)
Indonesian wobbegong (O. leptolineatus)
Spotted wobbegong (O. maculatus)
Ornate wobbegong (O. ornatus)
Dwarf spotted wobbegong (O. parvimaculatus)
Network wobbegong (O. reticulatus)
Northern wobbegong (O. wardi)
Sutorectus
Cobbler wobbegong (S. tentaculatus)
Parascylliidae
(Collared carpet sharks)
Cirrhoscyllium
Barbelthroat carpetshark (C. expolitum)
Taiwan saddled carpetshark (C. formosanum)
Saddle carpetshark (C. japonicum)
Parascyllium
Collared carpetshark (P. collare)
Elongate carpet shark (P. elongatum)
Rusty carpetshark (P. ferrugineum)
Ginger carpetshark (P. sparsimaculatum)
Necklace carpetshark (P. variolatum)
Rhincodontidae
Rhincodon
Whale shark (R. typus)
Stegostomatidae
Stegostoma
Zebra shark (S. fasciatum)
Taxon identifiers
Wd: Q169468
ADW: Stegostomatidae
ARKive: stegostoma-fasciatum
EoL: 620703
FishBase: 5374
Fossilworks: 285234
GBIF: 2417450
iNaturalist: 52300
ITIS: 159973
IUCN: 41878
NCBI: 378071
WoRMS: 220032
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Zebra_shark&oldid=833977823"
Categories:
IUCN Red List endangered species
Stegostomatidae
Fish of the Indian Ocean
Fish of the Red Sea
Indo-Pacific fauna
Marine fauna of East Africa
Marine fauna of Northern Australia
Fish of Southeast Asia
Vulnerable fish
Vulnerable biota of Africa
Vulnerable fauna of Asia
Vulnerable fauna of Oceania
Cartilaginous fish described in the 19th century
Fish described in 1837
Taxa named by Friedrich Gustav Jakob Henle
Taxa named by Johannes Peter Müller
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text:
She Blinded Me with Science
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"She Blinded Me with Science"
UK cover art
Single by Thomas Dolby
from the album Blinded by Science and The Golden Age of Wireless
B-side
"The Jungle Line" (UK)
"Flying North" (US)
Released
1982
Format
7", 12"
Genre
Synthpop,[1] new wave[2]
Length
3:42
5:09 (extended version)
Label
Venice in Peril (UK)
Capitol Records (US)
Songwriter(s)
Thomas Dolby, Jo Kerr
Producer(s)
Thomas Dolby
Thomas Dolby singles chronology
"Windpower"
(1982) "She Blinded Me with Science"
(1982) "One of Our Submarines"
(1982)
"Windpower"
(1982) "She Blinded Me with Science"
(1982) "One of Our Submarines"
(1982)
Audio sample
file
help
"She Blinded Me with Science" is a song by the English musician Thomas Dolby, released in 1982. It was first released as a single in the UK in October 1982 and was subsequently included on the EP Blinded by Science and the second edition of Dolby's debut album The Golden Age of Wireless.[citation needed]
Although a success in the United States, peaking at No. 5 in the Billboard Hot 100 and 2 weeks at No. 1 in Canada's RPM Magazine, the song barely managed to score among the Top 50 in Dolby's native United Kingdom, peaking at No. 49 in the UK Singles Chart.[citation needed]
Dolby is often considered a one-hit wonder in the United States on the basis of the song's chart success there. In 2002, US cable television network VH1 named "She Blinded Me with Science" No. 20 on its list of the "100 Greatest One-hit Wonders".[3] While the song is Dolby's only Top 40 single on the Billboard Hot 100, he has had other songs that scored on the music charts. In 2006, VH1 placed it at No. 76 on their list of "Greatest Songs of the '80s".[4] Then, in 2009, it ranked No. 13 on VH1's 100 Greatest One Hit Wonders of the 80s.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Song structure
2 Music video
3 Chart positions
3.1 Weekly charts
3.2 Year-end charts
4 See also
5 Samples
6 References
7 External links
Song structure[edit]
The song features interjections from the British scientist and TV presenter Magnus Pyke,[3] who repeatedly interjects "Science!" and delivers other lines in a deliberately over-the-top mad scientist voice, such as, "Good heavens, Miss Sakamoto, you're beautiful!"
The song was showcased as part of Dolby's appearance at the South by Southwest 2007 music festival.[6]
Music video[edit]
In the music video, Dolby commits himself to a Home for Deranged Scientists. Various mad scientist types operate fanciful inventions on the grounds of the home and act insane with normal scientific items. Throughout the course of the video, Magnus Pyke (as the Home Doctor) tries to diagnose what he is suffering from, all the while being seduced by Miss Sakamoto, a secretary in the home.
Dolby saw music videos with story lines as "short silent films with a soundtrack". The video for "She Blinded Me with Science" was conceived and storyboarded before the song was written.[7] Dolby added the song title and then wrote the song to fit the planned video. He then directed the music video himself.[8]
Chart positions[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1982)
Peak
position
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[9] 49
Chart (1983)
Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[10] 19
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[11] 1
Germany (Official German Charts)[12] 52
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[13] 7
South Africa (Springbok Radio)[14] 26
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[15] 56
US Billboard Hot 100[16] 5
US Billboard Hot Black Singles[16] 49
US Billboard Hot Dance Club Play[16] 3
US Billboard Top Tracks[16] 6
US Cash Box[17] 4
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1983)
Rank
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[18] 11
US Billboard Hot 100[19] 23
US Cash Box[20] 21
See also[edit]
List of number-one singles of 1983 (Canada)
Samples[edit]
The song was used in the video game Metal Gear Solid V: The Phantom Pain, as a collectible. The song was also sampled by Mobb Deep in their song "Got It Twisted". Thomas Dolby approved the sample to be used by The Alchemist, who produced the track.[21]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Discover the 10 Albums that changed Thomas Dolby's life". Goldmine. 14 January 2013. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Lanham, Tom (16 September 2011). "Thomas Dolby in town to lecture you on science". The San Francisco Examiner. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Greatest One Hit Wonders List > Hour 5: #20 – 1". Archived from the original on 31 August 2004. . VH1.
Jump up ^ "VH1'S "100 Greatest Songs of the '80s" preaches to the choir with Bon Jovi's "Livin' on a Prayer" taking the top spot". Archived from the original on 31 January 2010. . VH1. 24 October 2006.
Jump up ^ Ali, Rahsheeda. "100 Greatest One-Hit Wonders of the '80s". Archived from the original on 5 May 2013. . VH1.
Jump up ^ Kilgore, Kym (2007). "Thomas Dolby plans spring tour, album". LiveDaily. Retrieved 20 August 2010.
Jump up ^ MacIntosh, Dan (16 March 2011). "Thomas Dolby : Songwriter Interviews". Songfacts. Retrieved 24 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Dolby, Thomas (11 October 2016). The Speed of Sound: Breaking the Barriers Between Music and Technology: A Memoir. Flatiron Books. ASIN 1250071844. ISBN 1250071844. CS1 maint: ASIN uses ISBN (link)
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Forum – ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts – CHART POSITIONS PRE 1989". Australian-charts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 6239." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Thomas Dolby – She Blinded Me with Science". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Thomas Dolby – She Blinded Me with Science". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "South African Rock Lists Website SA Charts 1969 – 1989 Acts (D)". Rock.co.za. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Thomas Dolby – Awards". AllMusic. All Media Network. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "CASH BOX Top 100 Singles – Week ending MAY 28, 1983". Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. . Cash Box.
Jump up ^ "The Top Singles of 1983". RPM. Vol. 39 no. 17. 24 December 1983. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Hits for 1983". The Longbored Surfer. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "The CASH BOX Year-End Charts: 1983". Archived from the original on 11 September 2012. . Cash Box.
Jump up ^ Ahmed, Insanul (30 September 2012). "The Alchemist Tells All: The Stories Behind His Classic Records (Part 1) > Mobb Deep "Got It Twisted" (2004)". Complex. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Thomas Dolby
Studio albums
The Golden Age of Wireless
The Flat Earth
Aliens Ate My Buick
Astronauts & Heretics
A Map of the Floating City
Live albums
Forty
Singles
"Europa and the Pirate Twins"
"She Blinded Me with Science"
"One of Our Submarines"
"Hyperactive!"
"I Love You Goodbye"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=She_Blinded_Me_with_Science&oldid=800778817"
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