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Orange Is the New Black
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American comedy-drama series
Orange Is the New Black
Genre
Comedy-drama
Created by
Jenji Kohan
Based on
Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison
by Piper Kerman
Starring
Taylor Schilling
Laura Prepon
Michael Harney
Michelle Hurst
Kate Mulgrew
Jason Biggs
Uzo Aduba
Danielle Brooks
Natasha Lyonne
Taryn Manning
Selenis Leyva
Adrienne C. Moore
Dascha Polanco
Nick Sandow
Yael Stone
Samira Wiley
Jackie Cruz
Lea DeLaria
Elizabeth Rodriguez
Jessica Pimentel
Laura Gómez
Matt Peters
Dale Soules
Theme music composer
Regina Spektor
Opening theme
"You've Got Time"
Composer(s)
Scott Doherty
Brandon Jay
Gwendolyn Sanford
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
6
No. of episodes
78 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Jenji Kohan
Liz Friedman (pilot)
Sara Hess
Tara Herrmann
Producer(s)
Neri Kyle Tannenbaum
Production location(s)
New York
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
51–92 minutes
Production company(s)
Lionsgate Television
Tilted Productions
Distributor
Lionsgate Television
Netflix
Release
Original network
Netflix
Picture format
1080p (16:9 HDTV)
4K
Audio format
Dolby Digital Plus 5.1 with Descriptive Video Service track
Original release
July 11, 2013 (2013-07-11) – present
External links
Website
Orange Is the New Black (sometimes abbreviated to OITNB) is an American comedy-drama web television series created by Jenji Kohan for Netflix.[1][2] The series is based on Piper Kerman's memoir, Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison (2010), about her experiences at FCI Danbury, a minimum-security federal prison. Orange Is the New Black premiered on July 11, 2013 on the streaming service Netflix; it was third premiered show produced by Netflix Originals.[3] In February 2016, the series was renewed for a fifth, sixth, and seventh season.[4] The fifth season was released on June 9, 2017.[5] The sixth season was released on July 27, 2018.[6] The series is produced by Tilted Productions in association with Lionsgate Television.
Orange Is the New Black has become Netflix's most-watched original series.[4][7] It has received critical acclaim and many accolades. For its first season, the series garnered 12 Primetime Emmy Award nominations, including Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, and Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series, winning three. A new Emmy rule in 2015 forced the series to change categories from comedy to drama.[8] For its second season, the series received four Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series, and Uzo Aduba won for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series. Orange Is the New Black is the first series to score Emmy nominations in both comedy and drama categories.[9] The series has also received six Golden Globe Award nominations, six Writers Guild of America Award nominations, a Producers Guild of America Award, an American Film Institute award, and a Peabody Award.
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast and characters
2.1 Main cast
2.2 Recurring cast
2.2.1 Inmates
2.2.2 Staff
2.2.3 Others
3 Production
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Accolades
5 Broadcast
5.1 Ratings
6 See also
7 Notes
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Plot[edit]
Main article: List of Orange Is the New Black episodes
Season
Episodes
Originally released
1 13 July 11, 2013 (2013-07-11)
2 13 June 6, 2014 (2014-06-06)
3 13 June 11, 2015 (2015-06-11)
4 13 June 17, 2016 (2016-06-17)
5 13 June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09)
6 13 July 27, 2018 (2018-07-27)
This section needs expansion with: Main storyline(s) of seasons 1-4. You can help by adding to it. (August 2018)
The series begins revolving around Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), a woman in her 30s living in New York City who is sentenced to 15 months in Litchfield Penitentiary, a minimum-security women's federal prison (initially operated by the "Federal Department of Corrections". This is a fictional version of the Federal Bureau of Prisons. In later seasons, it was acquired by the Management & Correction Corporation (MCC), a private prison company) in upstate New York. Chapman was convicted of transporting a suitcase full of drug money for her girlfriend Alex Vause (Laura Prepon), an international drug smuggler. The offense had occurred 10 years prior to the start of the series and in that time Piper had moved on to a quiet, law-abiding life among New York's upper middle class. Her sudden and unexpected indictment disrupts her relationships with her fiancé, family and friends. In prison, Chapman is reunited with Vause (who named Chapman in her trial, resulting in Chapman's arrest) and they re-examine their relationship. Simultaneously, Chapman, along with the other inmates, attempt to grapple with prison's numerous, inherent struggles. Episodes often feature flashbacks of significant events from various inmates' and prison guards' pasts. These flashbacks typically depict how the inmate came to be in prison or develop the character's backstory.
The fifth season shows the prisoners revolting against the guards, wardens and the system after MCC's failed handling of an inmate's death at the hands of a guard. This followed a peaceful protest and subsequent instigation of an inmate fight by another guard in the fourth season. Fueled by the conditions the inmates are forced to tolerate, as well as grudges against the prison guards, a three-day riot ensues, during which some inmates attempt to negotiate better living conditions and seek justice for the death of the inmate, while others pursue their own interests and entertainment, and a few seek no involvement in the riot. At the emergence of the riot, the guard that incited the fight in the prior season is critically shot by an inmate who took the gun the guard illegally brought into the prison. At the end of the season, SWAT raids the prison to end the riot and remove all inmates from the facility. During this raid, a correctional officer is fatally shot by a corrupt "strike team", which then conspires to blame the guard's death on inmates that hid in an underground bunker and had taken hostage of the guard. All inmates are transported to other prisons.
The consequences of the riot are shown in the sixth season. A number of the inmates, including Chapman and Vause, are transported to Litchfield Maximum Security. Most of these inmates are interrogated, and several of them charged and sentenced for their involvement in the riot. In max, new inmates are introduced, alliances are made, and a gang-like war emerges between two prison blocks, spearheaded by a longstanding feud between two sisters and a grudge harbored by them toward a former maximum-security inmate that returned. Inmates that arrived from the minimum security prison are either caught up or willingly participate in the war between prison blocks. The season portrays further corruption and guard brutality.
Throughout the series, it is shown how various forms of corruption, funding cuts, privatization of prison, overcrowding, guard brutality and racial discrimination, among other issues, affect the prisoners' safety, health and well-being, the correctional officers, and the prison's basic ability to fulfill its fundamental responsibilities and ethical obligations as a corrections institution.[citation needed] One of the show's key conflicts involves the minimum-security prison's Director of Human Activities, Joe Caputo, whose efforts and aims as a warden constantly conflict with the corporate interests of MCC, which acquired the facility when it was about to be shut down.
Cast and characters[edit]
Main article: List of Orange Is the New Black characters
Main cast[edit]
Taylor Schilling as Piper Chapman, inmate
Laura Prepon as Alex Vause, inmate
Michael Harney as Sam Healy, correctional officer (seasons 1–4; guest season 6)[a]
Michelle Hurst as Miss Claudette Pelage, inmate (season 1)
Kate Mulgrew as Galina "Red" Reznikov, inmate
Jason Biggs as Larry Bloom, Piper's fiancé (seasons 1–2; guest season 5)
Uzo Aduba as Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren, inmate
Danielle Brooks as Tasha "Taystee" Jefferson, inmate
Natasha Lyonne as Nicky Nichols, inmate
Taryn Manning as Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett, inmate
Selenis Leyva as Gloria Mendoza, inmate
Adrienne C. Moore as Cindy "Black Cindy" Hayes, inmate
Dascha Polanco as Dayanara "Daya" Diaz, inmate
Nick Sandow as Joe Caputo, Captain of the Guard, later Director of Human Activities
Yael Stone as Lorna Morello, inmate
Samira Wiley as Poussey Washington, inmate (seasons 1–4; guest season 5)
Jackie Cruz as Marisol "Flaca" Gonzales, inmate
Lea DeLaria as Carrie "Big Boo" Black, inmate (seasons 1–5; guest season 6)
Elizabeth Rodriguez as Aleida Diaz, former inmate
Jessica Pimentel as Maria Ruiz, inmate
Laura Gómez as Blanca Flores, inmate
Matt Peters as Joel Luschek, correctional officer
Dale Soules as Frieda Berlin, inmate (season 2–present)
Recurring cast[edit]
Main article: List of recurring Orange Is the New Black characters
Inmates[edit]
Laverne Cox as Sophia Burset
Annie Golden as Norma Romano (seasons 1–5)
Diane Guerrero as Maritza Ramos (seasons 1–5)
Vicky Jeudy as Janae Watson (seasons 1–5)
Julie Lake as Angie Rice (seasons 1–5)
Emma Myles as Leanne Taylor (seasons 1–5)
Abigail Savage as Gina Murphy (seasons 1–5)
Constance Shulman as Erica "Yoga" Jones (seasons 1–5)
Lori Tan Chinn as Mei Chang (seasons 1–5)
Tamara Torres as Gerrman "Weeping Woman" (seasons 1–5)
Lin Tucci as Anita DeMarco (seasons 1–5)
Beth Fowler as Sister Jane Ingalls (seasons 1–4)
Barbara Rosenblat as Rosa "Miss Rosa" Cisneros (seasons 1–2; guest season 3)
Madeline Brewer as Tricia Miller (season 1)
Kimiko Glenn as Brook Soso (seasons 2–5)
Lori Petty as Lolly Whitehill (seasons 2–4, 6)
Lorraine Toussaint as Yvonne "Vee" Parker (season 2)
Emily Althaus as Maureen Kukudio (seasons 3–5)
Blair Brown as Judy King (seasons 3–5)
Ruby Rose as Stella Carlin (season 3; guest season 4)
Daniella De Jesus as Irene "Zirconia" Cabrera (season 4–present)
Shannon Esper as Alana Dwight (seasons 4–present)
Rosal Colon as Carmen "Ouija" Aziza (seasons 4–5; guest season 6)
Francesca Curran as Helen "Skinhead Helen" Van Maele (seasons 4–5; guest season 6)
Asia Kate Dillon as Brandy Epps (seasons 4–5)
Kelly Karbacz as Kasey Sankey (seasons 4–5)
Miriam Morales as Ramona "Pidge" Contreras (seasons 4–5)
Jolene Purdy as Stephanie Hapakuka (seasons 4–5)
Amanda Stephen as Alison Abdullah (seasons 4–5)
Amanda Fuller as Madison "Badison" Murphy (season 6–present)
Vicci Martinez as Dominga "Daddy" Duarte (season 6–present)
Sipiwe Moyo as Adeola (season 6–present)
Besanya Santiago as Raquel "Creech" Munoz (season 6–present)
Finnerty Steeves as Beth Hoefler (season 6–present)
Mackenzie Phillips as Barbara "Barb" Denning (season 6)
Henny Russell as Carol Denning (season 6)
Staff[edit]
Alysia Reiner as Natalie "Fig" Figueroa
Catherine Curtin as Wanda Bell (seasons 1–5)
Joel Marsh Garland as Scott O'Neill (seasons 1–5)
Brendan Burke as Wade Donaldson (seasons 1–4)
Pablo Schreiber as George "Pornstache" Mendez (seasons 1–3; guest season 5)
Lolita Foster as Eliqua Maxwell (seasons 1–3)
Germar Terrell Gardner as Charles Ford (seasons 1–3)
Matt McGorry as John Bennett (seasons 1–3)
Lauren Lapkus as Susan Fischer (seasons 1–2)
Beth Dover as Linda Ferguson (season 3–present)
James McMenamin as Charlie "Donuts" Coates (season 3–present)
Alan Aisenberg as Baxter "Gerber" Bayley (seasons 3–5)
Jimmy Gary Jr. as Felix Rikerson (seasons 3–5)
Mike Birbiglia as Danny Pearson (seasons 3–4)
Marsha Stephanie Blake as Berdie Rogers (season 3)
Nick Dillenburg as Ryder Blake (season 4–present)
Mike Houston as Lee Dixon (season 4–present)
Emily Tarver as Artesian McCullough (season 4–present)
Brad William Henke as Desi Piscatella (seasons 4–5; guest season 6)
Evan Arthur Hall as B. Stratman (seasons 4–5)
John Palladino as Josh (seasons 4–5)
Michael Torpey as Thomas "Humps" Humphrey (seasons 4–5)
Hunter Emery as Rick Hopper (season 5–present)
Shawna Hamic as Virginia "Ginger" Copeland (season 6–present)
Susan Heyward as Tamika Ward (season 6–present)
Josh Segarra as Stefanovic (season 6–present)
Greg Vrotsos as Hellman (season 6–present)
Nicholas Webber as Alvarez (season 6–present)
Branden Wellington as Jarod Young (season 6–present)
Others[edit]
Michael Chernus as Cal Chapman (seasons 1–4; guest season 6)
Tanya Wright as Crystal Burset (seasons 1–4; guest season 6)
Berto Colon as Cesar Velazquez (seasons 1–3; guest season 5)
Deborah Rush as Carol Chapman (seasons 1–3; guest season 5)
Tracee Chimo as Neri Feldman (seasons 1–3)
Maria Dizzia as Polly Harper (seasons 1–2)
Ian Paola as Yadriel (seasons 2–5)
John Magaro as Vince Muccio (seasons 3–5)
Mary Steenburgen as Delia Mendez-Powell (season 3; guest season 5)
Miguel Izaguirre as Diablo (seasons 4–present)
Michael J. Burg as Detective Mark Bellamy (season 6)
Jason Altman as Main Officer Herrmann (seasons 5-6)
Production[edit]
The series cast at The Paley Center For Media's PaleyFest 2014 event honoring the show
Show creator Jenji Kohan read Piper Kerman's memoir after a friend sent it to her. She then set up a meeting with Kerman to pitch her on a TV adaptation, which she notes she "screwed up" as she spent most of the time asking Kerman about her experiences she described in the book rather than selling her on the show. This appealed to Kerman as it let her know that she was a fan and she signed off on the adaptation.[10] Kohan would later go on to describe the main character, Piper Chapman, as a "trojan horse" for the series, allowing it to focus on characters whose demographics would not normally be represented on TV.[11]
In July 2011, it was revealed that Netflix was in negotiations with Lionsgate for a 13-episode TV adaptation of Kerman's memoirs with Kohan as creator.[12] In November 2011, negotiations were finalized and the series had been greenlit.[13] Kohan had initially wanted to cast Katie Holmes in the role of Piper Chapman, and met with the actress to discuss it, but Holmes had other commitments.[14] Casting announcements began in August 2012 with Taylor Schilling, the first to be cast, as Piper Chapman,[15] followed by Jason Biggs as Piper's fiancé Larry Bloom.[16]
Laura Prepon and Yael Stone were next to join the series, as Alex Vause and Lorna Morello, respectively.[2] Abigail Savage, who plays Gina, and Alysia Reiner, who plays Fig, had auditioned for role of Alex Vause.[10][17] Prepon initially auditioned for Piper Chapman,[18] however Kohan felt she would not worry about her [in prison], noting a "toughness and a presence to her that wasn’t right for the character." Kohan instead gave her the role of Alex.[10] Stone had originally auditioned for the role of Nicky Nichols, but she was not considered "tough enough" for the character;[19] she was asked to audition for Lorna Morello instead.[20] Likability was important for Morello, whom casting director Jen Euston deemed "a very helpful, nice, sweet Italian girl."[20] Natasha Lyonne was to audition for Alex, but was asked to read for the character Nicky Nichols; "[Kohan knew] she could do Nicky with her eyes closed. She was perfect," said Euston.[20] Laverne Cox, a black transgender woman, was cast as Sophia Burset, a transgender character. The Advocate touted Orange Is the New Black as possibly the first women-in-prison narrative to cast a transgender woman for this type of role.[21] Uzo Aduba read for the part of Janae Watson but was offered the character Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren.[20][22] Taryn Manning was offered the role of Tiffany "Pennsatucky" Doggett.[20] This American Life host Ira Glass was offered a role as a public radio host, but he declined. The role instead went to Robert Stanton, who plays the fictional host Maury Kind.[23]
The series is set in a fictional prison in Litchfield, New York, which is a real town in upstate New York, but it does not have a federal penitentiary.[24] The series began filming in the old Rockland Children's Psychiatric Center in Rockland County, New York, on March 7, 2013.[25] The title sequence features photos of real former female prisoners including Kerman herself.[26]
On June 27, 2013, prior to the series premiere, Netflix renewed the show for a second season consisting of 13 episodes.[27] For the second season, Uzo Aduba, Taryn Manning, Danielle Brooks, and Natasha Lyonne were promoted to series regulars.[28] Laura Prepon did not return as a series regular for a second season because of scheduling conflicts, but returned for season 3 as a regular.[29] On May 5, 2014, the series was renewed for a third season, as revealed by actress Laura Prepon.[30] For the third season, several actors were promoted to series regulars, including Selenis Leyva, Adrienne C. Moore, Dascha Polanco, Nick Sandow, Yael Stone, and Samira Wiley.[31] Both Jason Biggs and Pablo Schreiber were confirmed as not returning for the third season, but Schreiber appeared in the 10th episode of the third season.[32][33][34] The series was renewed for a fourth season on April 15, 2015, prior to its third-season premiere.[35][36] For the fourth season, Jackie Cruz and Lea DeLaria were promoted to series regulars; with Elizabeth Rodriguez also being promoted by the season's sixth episode.[37] On February 5, 2016, the series was renewed for a fifth, sixth and seventh season.[4] In season six, Dale Soules, Laura Gómez, and Matt Peters were promoted to series regulars.
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
Season
Critical response
Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic
1 94% (47 reviews) 79 (32 reviews)
2 98% (45 reviews) 89 (31 reviews)
3 95% (58 reviews) 83 (24 reviews)
4 96% (47 reviews) 86 (19 reviews)
5 73% (41 reviews) 67 (20 reviews)
6 84% (32 reviews) 69 (14 reviews)
Members of the cast and crew with their Peabody Award, May 2014
Orange Is the New Black has received critical acclaim. It has been particularly praised for humanizing prisoners[38][39] and for its depiction of race, sexuality, gender and body types.[40][41][42][43][44][45][46]
The first season received positive reviews from critics. Review aggregator Metacritic gave it a weighted average score of 79 out of 100 based on reviews from 32 critics, indicating favorable reviews.[47] On Rotten Tomatoes, season one has a 94% approval rating based on 47 reviews, with an average rating of 8.24 out of 10 . The site's critical consensus is "Orange Is the New Black is a sharp mix of black humor and dramatic heft, with interesting characters and an intriguing flashback structure."[48]
Hank Stuever, television critic for The Washington Post, gave Orange Is the New Black a perfect score. In his review of the series, he stated: "In Jenji Kohan's magnificent and thoroughly engrossing new series, Orange Is the New Black, prison is still the pits. But it is also filled with the entire range of human emotion and stories, all of which are brought vividly to life in a world where a stick of gum could ignite either a romance or a death threat."[49] Maureen Ryan, of The Huffington Post, wrote: "Orange is one of the best new programs of the year, and the six episodes I've seen have left me hungry to see more."[50]
The second season also received critical acclaim. Rotten Tomatoes gave a rating of 98%, with an average rating of 9.17 out of 10 based on 45 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "With a talented ensemble cast bringing life to a fresh round of serial drama, Orange Is the New Black's sophomore season lives up to its predecessor's standard for female-led television excellence."[51] Metacritic gave the second season a score of 89 out of 100 based on 31 critics, indicating "universal acclaim."[52] David Wiegland of the San Francisco Chronicle gave the season a positive review, calling the first six episodes "not only as great as the first season, but arguably better."[53]
The third season received critical acclaim. On Metacritic, it has a score of 83 out of 100 based on 24 reviews.[54] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 95% rating with an average score of 8.15 out of 10 based on 58 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Thanks to its blend of potent comedy and rich character work, Orange is the New Black remains a bittersweet pleasure in its third season."[55]
The fourth season received critical acclaim. On Metacritic, it has a score of 86 out of 100 based on 19 reviews.[56] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 96% rating with an average score of 8.46 out of 10 based on 47 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Orange is the New Black is back and better than ever, with a powerful fourth season full of compelling performances by the ensemble cast."[57] James Poniewozik of The New York Times reviewed the fourth season as "Do you measure the quality of a TV season as a beginning-to-end average or by how well it ends? By the first yardstick, Season 4 is ambitious but uneven; by the latter, it's the series' best."[58]
The fifth season received "generally favorable reviews".[59] On Metacritic, it has a score of 67 out of 100 based on 20 reviews.[59] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has a 73% rating with an average score of 7.19 out of 10 based on 41 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: Orange Is the New Black's fifth season offers up more of the sharp writing and dizzying tonal juggling acts that fans expect – albeit somewhat less successfully."[60]
The sixth season received positive reviews from critics, with many critics noting its improvement over the previous season. On Metacritic, it has a score of 69 out of 100 based on 14 reviews.[61] On Rotten Tomatoes, it has an 84% rating with an average score of 7.3 out of 10 based on 32 reviews. The site's critical consensus reads: "Brutality and humor continue to mesh effectively in a season of Orange Is the New Black that stands as a marked improvement from its predecessor, even if some arcs are more inspired than others."[62]
Accolades[edit]
Main article: List of accolades received by Orange Is the New Black
Orange Is the New Black has received many accolades since its debut. The series has garnered 16 Emmy Award nominations and four wins. For its first season, it received 12 Emmy Award nominations, including Outstanding Comedy Series, Outstanding Writing for a Comedy Series, and Outstanding Directing for a Comedy Series, winning three.[63] Taylor Schilling received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Actress in a Television Series – Drama.[64] In 2013, the American Film Institute selected the series as one of the Top 10 Television Programs of the Year.[65]
A new Emmy rule in 2015, classifying half-hour shows as comedies and hour-long shows as dramas, forced the series to change categories from comedy to drama for its second season.[66] That year, the series received four Emmy nominations, including Outstanding Drama Series, and Aduba won her second Emmy Award, for Outstanding Supporting Actress in a Drama Series.[63] Orange Is the New Black became the first series to receive Emmy nominations in both comedy and drama categories.[9] For its second season, the series also received three Golden Globe Award nominations: Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy, Best Actress – Television Series Musical or Comedy for Schilling, and Best Supporting Actress – Series, Miniseries or Television Film for Aduba. At the 21st Screen Actors Guild Awards, the series won Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series and Aduba won Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series.[67]
For its third season, Orange Is the New Black won Screen Actors Guild Awards for Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series and Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series (Aduba).[68] It received a Golden Globe Award nomination for Best Television Series – Musical or Comedy.[64] The series has also received, among other accolades, six Writers Guild of America Award nominations,[69] five Satellite Awards,[70][71] four Critics' Choice Television Awards,[72][73] a GLAAD Media Award,[74] an American Cinema Editors Award,[75] a Producers Guild of America Award,[76] and a Peabody Award.[77]
Broadcast[edit]
Netflix is famously tight-fisted when it comes to offering up viewership data about its original series. But execs with the streaming giant have repeatedly confirmed that OITNB is its most-watched original series. That has been backed up by the efforts of outside measurement companies to track viewing in the Netflix eco-system.
—Variety[4]
The series began airing on broadcast television in New Zealand on TV2 on August 19, 2013.[78] It premiered in Australia on October 9, 2013, on Showcase.[79] The second season began on Showcase on July 16, 2014,[80] and the third season premiered on June 11, 2015.[81] The first season began airing on broadcast television in the UK on Sony Channel from April 19, 2017.[82]
In April 2017, it was reported that a cybercriminal had stolen the first ten episodes of the fifth season in a security breach of a post-production company. Netflix failed to respond to ransom demands, and the cybercriminal leaked the episodes online. Netflix confirmed the security breach and an ongoing investigation by federal law enforcement.[83][84] Multichannel News reported that demand for the series significantly increased over the seven-day period following the leak of the episodes. It was also said that the leak would likely cause a decrease in demand for the fifth season when Netflix releases it in June.[85]
Ratings[edit]
Orange Is the New Black generated more viewers and hours viewed in its first week than the other top Netflix original series House of Cards and Arrested Development.[86][87] In October 2013, Netflix stated that the show is a "tremendous success" for the streaming platform. "It will end the year as our most watched original series ever and, as with each of our other previously launched originals, enjoys an audience comparable with successful shows on cable and broadcast TV."[88][89] As reported in February 2016, Orange Is the New Black remains Netflix's most-watched original series.[4][7][90] In 2016, a New York Times study of the 50 TV shows with the most Facebook Likes found that Orange Is the New Black is one of the shows most watched in urban areas, and despite its "minority-rich ensemble cast," the series "appeals more to a white audience."[91]
See also[edit]
Incarceration of women in the United States
Prison–industrial complex
List of dramatic television series with LGBT characters
List of LGBT characters in television and radio
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Michael J. Harney was credited as main cast for season 5 but did not make a single appearance.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Dunne, Susan (July 3, 2013). "Danbury Women's Prison Setting For Netflix Original Series". The Hartford Courant. Retrieved May 23, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Andreeva, Nellie (September 17, 2012). "Duo Cast in Netflix's 'Orange Is The New Black', Don Stark Upped on VH's 'Bounce'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved September 17, 2012.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (April 30, 2013). "Netflix Sets Premiere Date for Jenji Kohan's 'Orange Is the New Black'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 30, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Littleton, Cynthia (February 5, 2016). "'Orange Is the New Black' Renewed For 3 Seasons By Netflix". Variety. Retrieved February 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Schwartz, Ryan (February 8, 2017). "Orange Is the New Black Season 5 Set for June Release at Netflix". TVLine. Retrieved February 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ Pedersen, Erik (June 5, 2018). "'Orange Is The New Black' Season 6 Gets Premiere Date & Teaser On Netflix". Deadline. Retrieved June 5, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Denham, Jess (February 5, 2016). "Netflix renews Orange is the New Black for three more series". The Independent.
Jump up ^ VanDerWerff, Todd (July 16, 2015). "7 Emmys rules and quirks that explain the 2015 nominations". Vox. Retrieved September 1, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Birnbaum, Debra (August 4, 2015). "'Orange Is the New Black' Boss Jenji Kohan on Running the Show Her Way". Variety. Retrieved September 1, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Radish, Christina (July 7, 2013). "Creator Jenji Kohan Talks ORANGE IS THE NEW BLACK, Her Research Into Prison Life, and Graphic Sex Scenes". Collider. Retrieved May 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ "'Orange' Creator Jenji Kohan: 'Piper Was My Trojan Horse'". NPR. August 13, 2013. Retrieved May 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (July 22, 2011). "Netflix Eyeing Second Original Series – Comedy From Weeds Creator Jenji Kohan". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (November 11, 2011). "Netflix, Lionsgate TV Closing Deal For Jenji Kohan's 'Orange Is The New Black' Comedy". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Katie Holmes almost starred in 'Orange is the New Black'". New York Post. August 6, 2014. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (August 30, 2012). "Taylor Schilling To Star in Jenji Kohan's Netflix Series Orange Is The New Black". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved August 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (September 12, 2012). "Jason Biggs to Co-Star in Netflix's 'Orange Is the New Black' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ Jung, E. Alex (July 9, 2014). "Orange Is the New Black's Fig Explains the 'Beer Can' Scene". Vulture. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Big Boo Wasn't Originally Supposed To Be A Part Of 'Orange Is The New Black' (VIDEO)". HuffPost. August 16, 2017. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Down, Steve (July 5, 2015). "Yael Stone on Orange is the New Black: 'I wasn't Sapphic enough to play Nicky'". The Guardian. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Orley, Emily (August 13, 2014). "How The "Orange Is The New Black" Cast Came To Be". BuzzFeed. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Anderson, Diane (July 10, 2013). "Why You Should Watch 'Orange Is the New Black'". The Advocate. Retrieved July 12, 2013.
Jump up ^ Byrnes, Holly (December 18, 2015). "Orange Is The New Black's Uzo Aduba: 'How would make someone think I'd be right for Crazy Eyes?'". News Corp Australia. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
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Jump up ^ Miller, Gregory E. (July 23, 2014). "'Pornstache' out ahead of 'Orange' season 3". New York Post. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ Huggins, Sarah (June 13, 2015). "Pablo Schreiber's Pornstache has an 'OITNB' Season 3 surprise in store for fans". Zap2it. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Abrams, Natalie (January 17, 2016). "Netflix sets premiere dates for OITNB, Kimmy Schmidt, and more". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (April 28, 2014). "Lea DeLaria Upped To Regular On 'Orange Is The New Black'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ Abramson, Seth (July 26, 2013). "How 'Orange Is the New Black' humanizes inmates". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Simon, Rachel (June 17, 2014). "Has 'Orange is the New Black' Changed the Way We Think of Prisoners? Former Inmates Say No, But There's Progress Ahead". Bustle. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Greenwald, Andy (July 15, 2013). "The Great Orange Is the New Black Is Suddenly the Best Netflix Series Yet". Grantland. Retrieved September 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ Rorke, Robert (June 4, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black' ignites a TV revolution for women". New York Post. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ McClelland, Mac (June 18, 2015). "Caged Heat". Rolling Stone (1237). Retrieved January 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ Ross, L.A. (March 15, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black' Cast Dishes on Prison Sex, Women Calling the Shots, and What Red Did". TheWrap. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gennis, Sadie (July 24, 2013). "Trans Actress Laverne Cox Breaks New Ground with Orange Is the New Black". TV Guide. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Schroeder, Audra (August 5, 2013). "How "Orange Is the New Black" changed the way we talk about TV". The Daily Dot. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Poniewozik, James (July 25, 2013). "Dead Tree Alert: Orange Is the New Black Is the New Way of Talking About TV". Time. Retrieved September 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Critic Reviews for Orange Is the New Black Season 1". Metacritic. 2013. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
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Jump up ^ Steuver, Hank (July 11, 2013). "Netflix's Orange Is the New Black: Brilliance behind bars". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Maureen (July 10, 2013). "'Orange Is The New Black' Review: Subversive Netflix Prison Drama Proves Addictive". The Huffington Post. Retrieved August 8, 2013.
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Jump up ^ Katz, Josh (December 27, 2016). "'Duck Dynasty' vs. 'Modern Family': 50 Maps of the U.S. Cultural Divide". The New York Times. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
Further reading[edit]
Weatherford Millette, Sarah. "The Representation of Latinas in Orange Is the New Black." MA Thesis. George Mason University, 2015.
Piper Kerman On Her Story That Inspired The Netflix Series Orange Is The New Black. June 2014. The Diane Rehm Show.
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Boeing Dreamlifter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
747 Dreamlifter
Boeing 747-400 LCF Dreamlifter
Role
Outsize cargo freight aircraft
Manufacturer
Boeing Commercial Airplanes
Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corporation
First flight
September 9, 2006
Introduction
2007
Status
In service
Primary user
Boeing Commercial Airplanes
Number built
4 (all conversions)
Developed from
Boeing 747-400
The Boeing 747 Dreamlifter, also known as the Boeing 747-400 Large Cargo Freighter (LCF), is a wide-body cargo aircraft. At 65,000 cubic feet (1,840 cubic meters) the cargo hold is the largest in the world for an aircraft.[1] It can hold three times the volume of a 747-400F freighter.[2] Cargo is placed in the aircraft by the world's longest cargo loader.[3][4][5] It is an extensively modified Boeing 747-400 that is used exclusively for transporting Boeing 787 Dreamliner aircraft components to Boeing's assembly plants from suppliers around the world.
Contents
[hide]
1 Development
1.1 Design phase
2 Operational history
2.1 Flight testing
2.2 Into service
3 Incidents
4 Specifications
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Development[edit]
Boeing Commercial Airplanes announced on October 13, 2003 that, due to the length of time required by land and marine shipping, air transport will be the primary method of transporting parts for the assembly of the Boeing 787 Dreamliner (then known as the 7E7).[6] Boeing 787 parts were deemed too large for standard marine shipping containers as well as the Boeing 747-400F, Antonov An-124 and Antonov An-225. [7] Initially, three used passenger 747-400 aircraft were to be converted into an outsize configuration in order to ferry sub-assemblies from Japan and Italy to North Charleston, South Carolina, and then to Washington state for final assembly, but a fourth was subsequently added to the program.[8] The Large Cargo Freighter has a bulging fuselage similar in concept to the Super Guppy and Airbus A300-600ST Beluga outsize cargo aircraft, which are also used for transporting wings and fuselage sections.
Design phase[edit]
The first conversion, N747BC in 2006
The LCF conversion was partially designed by Boeing's Moscow bureau and Boeing Rocketdyne with the swing tail designed in partnership with Gamesa Aeronáutica of Spain.[9] The cargo portion of the aircraft is unpressurized. [10] Modifications were carried out in Taiwan by Evergreen Aviation Technologies Corporation,[2] a joint venture of Evergreen Group's EVA Air and General Electric.[11] Boeing has acquired the four second-hand 747-400s; one former Air China aircraft,[12] two former China Airlines aircraft,[13][14] and one former Malaysia Airlines aircraft.[15]
The first 747 Large Cargo Freighter (LCF) was rolled out of the hangar at Taipei Taoyuan International Airport on August 17, 2006.[11] It successfully completed its first test flight on September 9, 2006 from this airport.[16]
The 747 LCF's unusual appearance has drawn comparisons to the Oscar Mayer Wienermobile and the Hughes H-4 Hercules ("Spruce Goose").[8] Due to its ungainly form, exacerbated by the need for immediate testing resulted in the first airplane remaining unpainted for some time, Boeing Commercial Airplanes president Scott Carson jokingly apologized to 747 designer Joe Sutter that he was "sorry for what we did to your plane."[8]
Operational history[edit]
Flight testing[edit]
The second 747 LCF, N780BA, lifts off from Chubu Centrair International Airport near Nagoya, Japan in 2010
On September 16, 2006, N747BC arrived at Boeing Field, Seattle to complete the flight test program.[2] Swing-tail testing was done at the Boeing factory in Everett.[17] The second airplane, N780BA, made its inaugural test flight on February 16, 2007. The third began modification in 2007.[18] The first two LCFs entered service in 2007 to support the final assembly of the first 787 Dreamliners.[18]
Delivery times for the 787's wings, built in Japan, will be reduced from around 30 days to just over eight hours with the 747 LCF.[19] Evergreen International Airlines (unrelated to EVA Air or EGAT), a U.S. air freight operator based in McMinnville, Oregon, operated the LCF fleet[8][20] until August 2010. Then Atlas Air, which was awarded a nine-year contract for the operation of the aircraft in March 2010, took over LCF operation.[21] Evergreen had achieved a 93% on flight schedule performance with the LCF,[22] and sued Boeing for $175 million,[23][24] which the court mostly dismissed.[25][26]
Into service[edit]
Boeing 747 LCF, N780BA with its swing-tail cargo bay access open at Paine Field, location of the Boeing Everett Factory in 2015
In June 2006, the first DBL-100 cargo loader used for loading 787 parts into the 747 LCF was completed.[27] In December 2006, Boeing announced the 747 LCF would be named Dreamlifter, a reference to the 787's name, Dreamliner. It unveiled a standard livery for the aircraft that included a logo reminiscent of the 787's Dreamliner logo.[28]
Certification was initially planned for early 2007, but was pushed back to June 2007. The aircraft's winglets were removed to resolve excess vibration and other handling characteristics prior to final certification. In the meantime, as part of the flight test program, LCF delivered major sections of the 787 from partner sites around the world to the Boeing factory in Everett, Washington for final assembly.[29] The 747 LCF was granted FAA type certification on June 2, 2007. From its first flight in 2006 until certification in 2007, the Dreamlifter completed 437 hours of flight testing along with 639 hours of ground testing.[30]
Of the four 747 Dreamlifters Boeing acquired,[31] three were complete and operational by June 2008,[32] and the fourth became operational in February 2010.[33][34]
Incidents[edit]
On November 20, 2013, Dreamlifter N780BA operated by Atlas Air inadvertently landed at Colonel James Jabara Airport, a small general aviation airport in Wichita, Kansas. Its intended destination was McConnell Air Force Base, 9 miles past Jabara Airport on the same heading. The aircraft was able to successfully take off again from Jabara's 6100-foot runway the following day and landed at McConnell without incident.[35][36]
Specifications[edit]
A wide angle photo of a 747 Dreamlifter
The 747 LCF main cargo compartment has a volume of 65,000 cubic feet (1,840 cubic meters) and the maximum payload capacity is 250,000 lb (113,400 kg).[37]
Model
747 Dreamlifter
747-400
Cockpit crew Two
Length 235 ft 2 in (71.68 m) 231 ft 10 in (70.6 m)
Wingspan 211 ft 5 in (64.4 m)
Height 70 ft 8 in (21.54 m) 63 ft 8 in (19.4 m)
Fuselage width 27 ft 6 in (8.38 m) 21 ft 4 in (6.50 m)
Spec Operating Empty Weight 180,530 kg (398,000 lb) 179,015 kg (394,661 lb)
Maximum take-off weight 364,235 kg (803,001 lb) 396,890 kg (874,990 lb)
Cruising speed Mach 0.82 (474 kt, 878 km/h) Mach 0.85 (491 kt, 910 km/h)
Takeoff run at MTOW 9,199 ft (2,804 m) 9,902 ft (3,018 m)
Range fully loaded 4,200 nmi (4,800 mi; 7,800 km) 7,260 nmi (8,350 mi; 13,450 km)
Max. fuel capacity 52,609 U.S. gal (199,150 l) 57,285 U.S. gal (216,850 l)
Engine models (x 4) PW 4062 PW 4062
GE CF6-80C2B5F
RR RB211-524G/H
Engine thrust (per engine) 63,300 lbf (282 kN) PW 63,300 lbf (282 kN)
GE 62,100 lbf (276 kN)
RR 59,500 lbf (265 kN)
Sources: Boeing 747-400 specifications,[38] Boeing 747 Airport Report,[39] 747 LCF fact sheet[19]
See also[edit]
Aviation portal
United States portal
External video
Areo-TV video
Loading video
Related development
Boeing 747-400
Aircraft of comparable role, configuration and era
Airbus A300-600ST Beluga
Airbus Beluga XL
Aero Spacelines Super Guppy
Aero Spacelines Pregnant Guppy
Antonov An-225 Mriya
References[edit]
Notes
Jump up ^ "Boeing Dreamlifter leads unique aircraft at AirVenture Archived April 14, 2013, at Archive.is" Experimental Aircraft Association. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hanson, Mary et al. "Boeing Selects EGAT for 747 Large Cargo Freighter Modifications." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, February 18, 2005. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Explore Records: Longest cargo loader". Guinness World Records. 2011. Retrieved September 24, 2011.
Jump up ^ Glenday, Craig (2009). Guinness World Records 2009. Bantam. p. 268. ISBN 0-553-59256-4.
Jump up ^ Reinhardt, Karen (July 16, 2014). "Darn big loader". OEM Off-Highway. Retrieved 2015-02-07.
Jump up ^ Leach, Yvonne (13 October 2003). "Boeing 7E7 Will Use Air Transport for Component Delivery" (Press release). Boeing. Retrieved 9 May 2017.
Jump up ^ Boeing 787 Dreamliner, Mark Wagner and Guy Norris, MBI Publishing Company, p. 101-114, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lunsford, J. Lynn. "Ugly in the Air: Boeing's New Plane Gets Gawks, Stares." The Wall Street Journal, January 8, 2007.
Jump up ^ Hanson, Mary (22 February 2005). "Boeing's 747 Large Cargo Freighter Development on Plan" (Press release). Seattle: Boeing. Archived from the original on 27 May 2006. Retrieved 8 January 2007.
Jump up ^ http://www.boeing.com/news/frontiers/archive/2005/june/ts_sf05.html Retrieved 2017-06-30.
^ Jump up to: a b Hanson, Mary. "Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter Rolls Out; Prepares for First Flight." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, June 17, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Boeing N747BC (Ex B-2464) - Airfleets." Airfleets. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Boeing N780BA (Ex B-162 B-18272)." Airfleets.Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Boeing N249BA (Ex B-161 B-18271)." Airfleets. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ Boeing N718BA (Ex 9M-MPA)." Airfleets. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ Hanson, Mary. "Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter Completes First Flight." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, September 9, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter Successfully Tests Swing Tail." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, October 23, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Hanson, Mary. "Large Cargo Freighter Taking Shape." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, April 17, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "Boeing 747 Dreamlifter Fact Sheet". Archive Boeing Commercial Airplanes, April 23, 2007. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ Hanson, Mary et al. "Evergreen International Airlines, Inc. to Operate Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighters." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, December 15, 2007. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ Ostrower, Jon (4 March 2010). "Atlas to assume Dreamlifter control in September". Flightglobal. Washington, D.C. Retrieved 5 March 2010.
Jump up ^ Ostrower, Jon (5 March 2010). "Sources: Dreamlifter deal part of 747-8 compensation to Atlas". FlightBlogger. Flightglobal. Archived from the original on 8 March 2010. Retrieved 27 March 2010.
Jump up ^ Cohen, Aubrey. "Details from Boeing Dreamlifter lawsuit" Seattle Post-Intelligencer, April 2, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ Harris, Andrew M. "Boeing Sued by `Dreamlifter' Airline for $175 Million Over Transport Deal". Bloomberg, April 8, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Judge: Evergreen trade secret claims against Boeing stand". Daily Herald (Arlington Heights), June 14, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ Coughenour, John C. "Case 2:10-cv-00568-JCC Document 22" page 22. United States District Court for the Western District of Washington, June 9, 2010. Retrieved: September 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hanson, Mary. "First Cargo Loader Completed for Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, June 12, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Boeing Reveals Livery, Name for 747 Large Cargo Freighters." Archived April 7, 2012, at the Wayback Machine. Boeing Commercial Airplanes, December 6, 2006. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ Wallace, James. "Boeing Can't Soothe Jitters." Seattle Post-Intelligencer, Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ Hanson, Mary. "Boeing 747 Dreamlifter Achieves FAA Certification." Boeing Commercial Airplanes, June 4, 2007. Retrieved: March 17, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Boeing 747 Dreamlifter Fact Sheet." Boeing. Retrieved: September 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ Tinseth, Randy. "Three of four." Boeing Blog Randy's Journal, June 12, 2008.
Jump up ^ Mecham, Michael. "Boeing Puts Last Dreamlifter In Service." Aviation Week, February 16, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Final Boeing 747 Dreamlifter Enters Service." Boeing, February 16, 2010.
Jump up ^ "NTSB Identification: DCA14IA016". National Transportation Safety Board. Retrieved 22 March 2016.
Jump up ^ 'Wrong airport' Dreamlifter successfully takes off
Jump up ^ "Flight Test Program is under way for 747 Large Cargo Freighter." Boeing, November 2006. Retrieved: September 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ 747-400 "Technical Information." Boeing. Retrieved: September 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Boeing 747 Airplane Characteristics for Airport Planning." Archived May 24, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. Boeing. Retrieved: September 14, 2011.
Bibliography
Norris, Guy and Mark Wagner. Boeing 787 Dreamliner. Minneapolis, Minnesota: Zenith Press, 2009. ISBN 978-0-7603-2815-6.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Boeing 747 Large Cargo Freighter.
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