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Gloria Stuart
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"Gloria Stewart" redirects here. For Jimmy Stewart's wife, see Gloria Hatrick McLean.
Gloria Stuart
Studio Publicity Photo, ca. 1932.
Born
Gloria Stewart
(1910-07-04)July 4, 1910
Santa Monica, California, U.S.
Died
September 26, 2010(2010-09-26) (aged 100)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
Cause of death
Respiratory failure resulting from lung cancer
Other names
Gloria Frances Stuart
Alma mater
University of California, Berkeley
Occupation
Actress, artist, fine printer
Years active
1927–2004
Height
5 ft 5 in (1.65 m)[1]
Political party
Democratic
Spouse(s)
Blair Gordon Newell (m. 1930; div. 1934)
Arthur Sheekman (m. 1934; his death 1978)
Children
1
Gloria Frances Stuart[2] (born Gloria Stewart, July 4, 1910 – September 26, 2010) was an American film and stage actress, visual artist, and activist. A native of Southern California, she began her acting in high school in the 1920s and on the stage in the 1930s and 1940s, performing in little theater and summer stock in Los Angeles and New York City. She signed a contract with Universal Pictures in 1932, and acted in numerous films for the studio, including The Old Dark House (1932), The Invisible Man (1933), and The Three Musketeers (1939).
In 1945, after a tenure as a contract player for Twentieth Century Fox, Stuart abandoned her acting career and shifted to a career as an artist, working as a fine printer and making paintings, serigraphy, miniature books, Bonsai, and découpage for the next five decades. She returned to acting in the late 1970s, appearing in several bit parts, including in Richard Benjamin's My Favorite Year (1982) and Wildcats (1986).
Stuart made a prominent return to cinema when she was cast as the 101-year-old elder Rose Dawson Calvert in James Cameron's Titanic (1997). Stuart's performance earned her a Screen Actors Guild Award and a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress. Receiving her nomination at age eighty-seven, she is the oldest person nominated for an Academy Award for acting.[3] Her last film performance was in Wim Wenders' Land of Plenty (2004) before her death in 2010 at the age of 100.
In addition to her acting and art career, Stuart was also an environmental activist and one of the founding members of the Screen Actors Guild.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Acting career
2.1 Introduction to Hollywood: 1932–1934
2.2 20th Century Fox; marriage: 1935–1939
2.3 Departure from Hollywood: 1940–1943
2.4 Return to Hollywood; bit parts: 1975–1996
2.5 Titanic: 1996–1998
2.6 Final roles, accolades: 1999–2010
3 Art career
3.1 Painting, serigraphy
3.2 Bonsai artwork
4 Later life and death
5 Personal life
5.1 Activism
6 Legacy
7 Filmography
7.1 Television
8 References
9 Bibliography
10 External links
Early life[edit]
Stuart was born Gloria Stewart [4] at 11:00 p.m. on the Fourth of July, 1910 on the family's kitchen table in Santa Monica, California to Frank Stewart and Alice Deidrick.[5][6][A] Stuart's father, Frank Stewart, born in Washington state[8] was an attorney representing The Six Companies, Chinese tongs in San Francisco. Stuart's brother, Frank Jr.,[9] was born eleven months later. In two years, their brother Thomas was born, but he died of spinal meningitis at three.[6]
When Stuart was 9 years old, her father died of infection from an injury sustained when an automobile grazed his leg. She was also expelled from grade school after kicking her teacher ("to be honest, she deserved it" she recalled).[10] Hard-pressed to support two small children, her mother soon accepted the proposal of local businessman Fred J. Finch.[B][11] Stuart went through school as Gloria Fae Finch.[12] She had not been given a middle name by her parents (not unusual in that era) and so adopted one, which was sometimes Frances, the feminine of Frank, her father's name.
Stuart as a high school senior, 1927.
Stuart attended Santa Monica High School where she was active in theater, and performed the lead role in her senior class play, The Swan.[12] She loved writing as much as acting, and spent her last two summers in high school taking short story and poetry writing classes[13] and working as a cub reporter for the Santa Monica Outlook.[14] After high school, Stuart enrolled at the University of California at Berkeley, majoring in philosophy and drama. In college, she appeared in plays, worked on the Daily Californian,[15] contributed to the campus literary journal, Occident, and posed as an artist's model. It was at Berkeley that she began signing her name Gloria Stuart.[C]
At the end of her junior year, in June 1930, Stuart married Blair Gordon Newell,[16] a young sculptor who apprenticed with Ralph Stackpole on the facade of the San Francisco Stock Exchange building.[17] The Newells moved to Carmel-by-the-Sea where there was a stimulating community of artists such as Ansel Adams, Edward Weston, Robinson Jeffers and Lincoln Steffens and his wife Ella Winter.
Stuart performed in productions at the Theatre of the Golden Bough and worked as a staff member on The Carmelite newspaper. She made hand-sewn aprons, patchwork pillows and tea linens, and created bouquets of dried flowers for a tea shop, in which she also worked as a waitress.[18] Newell laid brick, chopped and stacked wood, taught sculpture and woodworking, and managed a miniature golf course. They lived in a shack in the middle of a wood yard as night watchmen.[19]
Acting career[edit]
Introduction to Hollywood: 1932–1934[edit]
Gloria Stuart, fourth from left, top row, with the rest of the 1932 WAMPAS Baby Stars.
Stuart's performance in the theatre in Carmel brought her to the attention of Gilmor Brown's private theater, The Playbox, in Pasadena. She was invited there to appear as Masha in Anton Chekhov's The Seagull.[20] Opening night, casting directors from Paramount and Universal were in the audience. Both came backstage to arrange a screen test, both studios claimed her. Finally the studios flipped a coin and Universal won the toss.[15] Stuart considered herself a serious actress in theater but she and Newell "were stony broke, living hand to mouth" so she decided to sign the contract with Universal, which paid a bit more than Paramount.[21]
Stuart does not mention it in her book, but the Internet Movie Database includes her with thirty other players in a slapstick comedy, The Cohens and Kellys in Hollywood, A Behind-the-Scenes Farce.[22] Produced by Universal in the spring of 1932, this is likely Gloria Stuart's first appearance before the camera. Stuart actually began her movie career by playing an ingénue confronting her father's mistress in Street of Women, a Pre-Code fallen-women film. Stuart's second turn, again playing the ingénue, was in a football-hero movie, The All-American.
In early December, 1932, the Western Association of Motion Picture Advertisers announced that Gloria Stuart was one of fifteen new movie actresses "Most Likely to Succeed"—she was a WAMPAS Baby Star. Ginger Rogers, Mary Carlisle, Eleanor Holm were among the others.[23]
Stuart on the cover of Universal Weekly, November 1932.
Stuart's career advanced when English director James Whale chose her for the glamour role as a sentimental wife who winds up stranded among strangers at a spooky mansion in his ensemble cast (Boris Karloff, Melvyn Douglas, Charles Laughton, Lilian Bond, Ernest Thesiger, Eva Moore and Raymond Massey) for The Old Dark House (1932).[24] The film was critically praised, and The New York Times called Stuart's performance "clever and charming,"[25] with the movie later becoming a cult classic. Stuart's experience filming The Old Dark House also became integral to the formation of the Screen Actors Guild in 1933:
"James [Whale] joined all the English actors,” Stuart recalled. “So on one side of the set they had their ‘elevensies’ and `foursies,’ and Melvyn [Douglas] and I would be sitting together, not invited. One day, Melvyn said to me, `Are you interested in forming a union together?’ I said, ‘What’s a union?’ He said, ‘Like in New York – Actor’s Equity. The actors get together and work for better working conditions.’ I said, ‘Oh wonderful,’ because I was getting up at five every morning; in makeup at seven, in hair at eight, wardrobe at quarter of nine, and then sometimes if production wanted you to, you worked until four or five the next morning. There was no overtime. They fed us when they felt like it, when it was convenient for production. It was really very, very hard work."[26]
After filming completed, Stuart began canvassing, and was one of the union's first founding members.
Stuart was given her first co-starring role by director John Ford in her next film, Air Mail, playing opposite Pat O'Brien and Ralph Bellamy. Of her performance in the movie, the New York Times Mordaunt Hall wrote, "Gloria Stuart, who does so well in The Old Dark House, a picture now at the Rialto, makes the most of the part of the girl..."[27] That two Gloria Stuart movies were in theaters simultaneously became the rule rather than the exception in her early career. In 1932, her first year, Stuart had four films released, then nine in 1933, six in 1934. In 1935, Stuart was having a baby, so only four movies were released. Six movies followed in 1936. After Air Mail, Mordaunt Hall's notices for Gloria Stuart came down to a few words. Laughter in Hell: "Gloria Stuart appears as Lorraine...";[28] Sweepings: "...played by the comely Gloria Stuart...";[29] Private Jones: "Gloria Stuart is charming..."[30]
James Whale called Stuart back for just one scene in The Kiss Before the Mirror, but the critic Hall wrote, "There are those who may think that it is too bad to introduce as one of the players the dainty Gloria Stuart and have her killed off in the first episode of the narrative. Perhaps it is, but a pretty girl was needed for the part and Mr. Whale obviously did not wish to weaken his production by casting an incompetent actress or an unattractive one for this minor role."[31]
After good notices in The Girl in 419, (Mordaunt Hall mentions "...the pleasing acting of the attractive Gloria Stuart),[32] and Secret of the Blue Room ("Miss Stuart gives a pleasing performance."),[33] James Whale cast Stuart opposite Claude Rains in The Invisible Man (1933). Rains was a celebrated import from the London stage and this was his first Hollywood film. (Mordaunt Hall's review of Stuart's work was a temperate, "Miss Stuart also does well by her role."[34]) The Invisible Man also became a cult favorite.
20th Century Fox; marriage: 1935–1939[edit]
Here with James Cagney from the 1934 film Here Comes the Navy.
In 1934, Universal loaned-out Stuart to Warner Brothers for Here Comes the Navy. Stuart co-starred with James Cagney and Pat O'Brien, the first of nine films featuring this male team. Frank S. Nugent wrote in the New York Times, "Supporting Mr. Cagney--and doing very creditable jobs, too--are Pat O'Brien, Gloria Stuart..."[35][36] In 1935, Stuart was cast as Dick Powell's love interest in Busby Berkeley's, Gold Diggers of 1935. It was a musical; Stuart did not dance or sing, and the New York Times critic commented: "Nor has Gloria Stuart anything of vast import to contribute in the position usually occupied by Ruby Keeler."[37]
In that same year, Stuart left Universal and joined Twentieth Century-Fox. Her first assignment from the studio head, Darryl F. Zanuck, was in Professional Soldier supporting the child star Freddie Bartholomew and Academy Award winner Victor McLaglen (the year before, McLaglen won the Oscar for Best Actor in a Leading Role in John Ford's The Informer). Frank S. Nugent noted: "There is a minor romance along the way between Gloria Stuart, the king's noble governess, and Michael Whalen, the professional soldier's part-time assistant, but no one should take it seriously."[38] In 1936, John Ford chose Stuart to co-star with Warner Baxter in The Prisoner of Shark Island. Playing the wife of the doctor who treated Lincoln's assassin, Stuart felt privileged to work again with Ford,[39] although the New York Times Frank S. Nugent wrote of Stuart's "...helpful performance..."[40] In Poor Little Rich Girl, Stuart again was asked to support a child star: this time, Shirley Temple. Frank S. Nugent: "Listing [Temple's] supporting players hastily, then, before we forget them entirely, we might mention Miss Faye [and] Gloria Stuart…as having been permitted a scene or two while Miss Temple was out freshening her costume."[41]
Stuart with Rudy Vallée, 1935.
For the rest of 1936 and through 1937, Zanuck placed Stuart in movies such as The Girl on the Front Page—Frank S. Nugent's note: "Call it mediocre and extend your sympathies to the cast…"[42] Reviewing Girl Overboard, Nugent begins, "In the definitive words of the currently popular threnode featured by a frog-voiced radio singer, Universal's 'Girl Overboard'…is 'nuthin' but a nuthin',' and a Class B nuthin' at that."[43] In spite of the films' lukewarm reviews, Stuart had amassed a loyal following of fans by this time in her career, one of whom had her portrait tattooed across his chest. Stuart met with the fan and was photographed with him for a Life magazine profile in the fall of 1937.[44]
Stuart later appeared in The Lady Escapes, Life Begins in College and Change of Heart, which did not merit space in the New York Times movie pages. In 1938, Zanuck again insisted Stuart support Shirley Temple in Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm (1938). In their review of the film, Variety wrote: "Shirley Temple proves she's a great little artist in this one. The rest of it is synthetic and disappointing... More fitting title would be Rebecca of Radio City."[45][46] In 1938, for the fourth time, Stuart was a supporting player to a child star: Jane Withers in Keep Smiling. Stuart but not her performance is noted in the New York Times review.[47]
In Time Out for Murder, Stuart's reviewer said she was "…a pretty bill collector".[48] Then in 1939, the last year in this phase of Stuart's career, in The Three Musketeers, Stuart's billing came after Don Ameche, The Ritz Brothers and Binnie Barnes and again Stuart's work was not reviewed. In Winner Take All, the Times critic wrote, "…the only thing worth seeing in the picture is Tony Martin trying to play a prizefighter. This is positively killing."[49] It Could Happen to You, "a quasi-comedy"[50] co-starring Stuart Erwin, finished the eight years. Again Stuart is not mentioned.
What did give the actress space in the movie pages the previous November was the story: "Gloria Stuart Quits Fox...Gloria Stuart has terminated her contract with Fox..."[51] In fact, Darryl Zanuck did not renew Stuart's contract.[52]
Stuart's sculptor husband at the time, Gordon Newell, was unhappy with Hollywood life. He and Stuart separated amicably and divorced.[53] In 1933 on the set of her film Roman Scandals, a comedy starring Eddie Cantor, Stuart met Arthur Sheekman, one of the movie's writers.[54] They were "instantly attracted to each other".[54] Stuart and Sheekman married in August, 1934[55] and their daughter, Sylvia – named after Princess Sylvia, Stuart’s character in Roman Scandals – was born the following June.[56]
Departure from Hollywood: 1940–1943[edit]
Stuart in a publicity still ca. 1937.
Early in 1939, Stuart and then-husband Sheekman spent four months traveling in Asia, Egypt and Italy, then landed in France just as France and the United Kingdom declared war on Germany.[57][58] They appealed to the American consul, asking to stay, Sheekman as a war correspondent, Stuart as a hospital volunteer. The consul refused help, and told them they had to return to the United States. They caught the SS President Adams, the last American passenger ship to cross the Atlantic, [59] and arrived in New York City in September.
In New York, Stuart sought to return to stage acting on Broadway.[60] "I wanted to be a theater actress," she said, "but I thought it would be easier to get to New York and the theater if I had a name than if I just walked the streets as a little girl from California. When I went back to New York with somewhat of a name, they didn't want movie actresses."[60] Stuart was, however, welcomed into summer stock theater on the east coast, and performed in Man and Superman, The Animal Kingdom, The Night of January 16th, Accent on Youth, Route 101, Mr. and Mrs. North, The Pursuit of Happiness, Here Today, Sailor Beware and was Emily to Thornton Wilder’s Stage Manager—under Wilder’s own direction—in Our Town.[61] But for two years, as many readings, lunches and cocktail parties as she attended, no director, producer or writer (not even Sheekman) gave Stuart a role on Broadway. [62]
To help with the war effort in the 1940s,[63] Stuart took singing and dancing lessons, then the USO teamed her with actress Hillary Brooke.[64] The two blonde actresses toured the country, visited hospitals, danced with servicemen in canteens, sold war bonds. Stuart "wanted terribly to volunteer for service overseas with the USO, but Arthur wouldn't hear of it."[65]
Stuart asked her former agents to get her work. Her first movie in four years, Here Comes Elmer, was a comedy with music starring Roy Rogers’ wife, Dale Evans. In The Whistler—an early directing credit of the horror specialist, William Castle—Stuart co-starred with Richard Dix. In Enemy of Women, a war-themed film, Stuart was seventh in billing.[65] Two years later, Stuart took one more role: she wore a redhead's wig in a comedy starring Joan Davis and Jack Oakie. Stuart does not mention She Wrote the Book in her autobiography.[66]
Return to Hollywood; bit parts: 1975–1996[edit]
In 1975, after nearly thirty years out of the business, Stuart decided to return to acting. She got an agent who obtained her bit parts, mostly in television— including guest appearances on series such as The Waltons and Murder, She Wrote.[67] Her friend, director Nancy Malone, gave her a leading role in Merlene of the Movies, a quirky film for television, and other friends gave her parts in their shows. In 1982 came My Favorite Year. Although Stuart's scene lasted moments and she had no lines, she was dancing with Peter O'Toole. She wrote, "It was a great privilege to work with him."[63] [68] After that, Stuart was in Jack Lemmon's drama Mass Appeal and Goldie Hawn's comedy Wildcats, then more bits and pieces in television.[69] A vintage publicity photo of her was also used for the image of 'Peg', the sister of butler Alfred Pennyworth, in the 1997 film Batman & Robin.
Stuart's husband Arthur Sheekman died in January, 1978.[70] Five years later, Ward Ritchie, a close friend of Stuart’s first husband, Gordon Newell, sent Stuart one of his books. Ritchie had become a celebrated printer, book designer and printing historian.[71] With his commercial Ward Ritchie Press and private Laguna Verde Imprenta press, Ritchie produced distinguished books on the arts, poetry, cookery and the American West. Stuart invited him to dinner and they fell in love. Ritchie was seventy-eight and Stuart seventy-two.[72]
When Stuart first followed Ritchie into his studio and watched him pull a printed page from his 1839 English iron Albion hand press, she wanted to do it, too.[73] After studying typesetting at the Women’s Workshop in Los Angeles, Stuart bought her own hand press, a Vandercook SP15[74] and established her own private press, Imprenta Glorias.
Stuart’s next discovery was the Artist’s book.[75] She designed the books, wrote the text (often poetry), set the type—carefully selecting the style of type to match the subject—printed the pages, then decorated the pages with water colors, silk screen, découpage or all three. She created large artist’s books and books in miniature. Several of her books took her years.[76]
Through Ritchie, Stuart was introduced to prestigious librarians and bibliophiles from San Francisco to Paris.[77] Imprenta Glorias books can be found in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, the Huntington Library, J. Paul Getty Museum, the Library of Congress, the Los Angeles Public Library, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, the Morgan Library & Museum, the New York Public Library, the Occidental College Library, the Princeton University library, the UCLA Clark Library, the Victoria and Albert Museum as well as private collections.[78] Stuart and Ritchie were together for thirteen years until his death from pancreatic cancer in 1996.[79]
Titanic: 1996–1998[edit]
In May 1996, Stuart received a message about a film role: "A female voice said she was calling from Lightstorm Entertainment...about a movie to be shot on location, maybe Poland...about the Titanic, directed by James Cameron..." [80] The next afternoon, Cameron’s casting director, Mali Finn, came to Stuart’s house "…with her assistant, Emily Schweber, who was carrying a video camera... Mali and I talked while Emily filmed us."[81] The next morning, Finn brought over James Cameron and his video camera. Stuart wrote, "I was not the least bit nervous. I knew I would read Old Rose with the sympathy and tenderness that Cameron had intended…"[82] Five days after Stuart's eighty-sixth birthday, Finn phoned again and asked, “Gloria, how would you like to be Old Rose?”[83]
Most of Stuart’s filming was completed in Halifax, Nova Scotia, over about three weeks in early summer. [84] But the complex movie, events connected with it and the consequences of Stuart’s new status in Hollywood filled the next year. Stuart filmed and made recordings for several documentaries, did more looping and dubbing for Cameron, received offers of scripts. Stuart wrote, "On April 7, 1997, the publicity blitz for Titanic kicked off… From that point on, the deluge of publicity never stopped."[85]
On December 17, 1997, Stuart was nominated for a Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress for her performance in the film.[86] She was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress.[87]
On March 8, 1998, the Screen Actors Guild awarded Stuart its Founders Award.[88] Then for Best Performance by an Actress in a Supporting Role, Stuart tied with Kim Basinger (L.A. Confidential).[89] For both awards, Stuart received a standing ovation from her peers. [90]
The following May, People magazine included Stuart on their list of "The 50 most beautiful people in the World in 1998." [91] Also in May, Stuart was guest of honor at the Great Steamboat Race between the Belle of Louisville and the Delta Queen and then was Grand Marshal of the 1998 Kentucky Derby Festival’s Pegasus Parade.[92]
Next, Stuart signed a contract with Little, Brown and Company to write her autobiography, I Just Kept Hoping. Stuart made her debut at The Hollywood Bowl on July 19, 1998 reading the poem, Standing Stone, Paul McCartney’s oratorio for orchestra and chorus.[93]
Final roles, accolades: 1999–2010[edit]
Stuart was asked by the producer and star, Kate Capshaw, to join her cast of The Love Letter (1998),[3] which she filmed in Rockport, Massachusetts. In October 1999, Stuart’s native Santa Monica issued a Commendation signed by the mayor recognizing Gloria Stuart "…for many contributions world-wide and her inspirational message to always keep hoping. Dated this 16th day of October, 1999. Pam O’Connor, Mayor."[94] In September 2000, Stuart unveiled her star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, in front of a Pig 'n Whistle café that had opened its doors in 1927 when Stuart was still in high school.[95] She also made guest appearances on several television series, including the 2000 science fiction series The Invisible Man; Touched by an Angel, and General Hospital.
Even though once again reduced to minor roles, Stuart's last two movies were for director Wim Wenders. In 1999 Stuart worked on The Million Dollar Hotel in downtown Los Angeles. In 2004, she appeared in Wenders' Land of Plenty, her final film.
On June 19, 2010, Stuart was honored by the Screen Actors Guild for her years of service. At a luncheon, she was presented the Ralph Morgan Award by Titanic co-star Frances Fisher.[96] On July 22, 2010, The Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences honored Stuart’s career with a program featuring film clips and conversations between Stuart and film historian Leonard Maltin, portrait artist Don Bachardy and David S. Zeidberg, the Avery Director of the Huntington Library.[97] One thousand people filled the Samuel Goldwyn Theater.[98]
From the time Stuart was announced in the Titanic cast, she appeared before the camera for interviews on subjects as diverse as Groucho Marx, Shirley Temple, James Whale, horror movies and friends Christopher Isherwood and Don Bachardy [99]
Art career[edit]
An example of découpage by Gloria Stuart.
After abandoning her acting career in 1945, Stuart went to New York with husband Sheekman—Paramount sent him to see the new play Dream Girl wanting him to adapt it for to screen. A friend took Stuart to the studio of a découpage artist. Drawn to the art form, Stuart thought it could replace acting in her life.[100] With Sheekman's encouragement, she opened a shop on Los Angeles's decorators’ row, named it Décor, Ltd.[101] Stuart created découpaged lamps, mirrors, tables, chests and other one of a kind objets d'art. Over the next four years, her work gained attention and her pieces were carried by Lord & Taylor in New York, Neiman Marcus in Dallas, Bullock’s in Pasadena and Gump’s in San Francisco. But in time, labor involved in "the fine fine cutting, applying sixteen coats of lacquer" to every piece[102] and other costs proved prohibitive and Stuart closed her shop.
After living in rented spaces for ten years, Stuart and husband Sheekman bought an old craftsman-style house, where she redesigned the interior, supervised the remodeling, designed all the furniture and had it custom made. In the garden, she planned the landscaping, included a green house for orchids and lath house for grafting fruit trees, spent hours on her knees cultivating and planting. In Stuart’s words, “I became a whirling dervish of creative renovation.”[103]
Painting, serigraphy[edit]
One of Stuart's Watts Towers, January 1972.
Early in 1954, visiting Paris, Stuart first saw the Impressionist paintings at the Jeu de Paume museum. As when she first saw découpage, Stuart wanted to do it, too.[104] The Sheekmans were on their way to Italy. At the time, American artists living abroad for at least eighteen months paid no taxes on income earned during the residency.[105] Sheekman was now very successful. In the eight years since returning from New York, he had been on fourteen movies, mostly writing the screenplays. He wanted to try another play.[106] For the next eighteen months, Stuart painted and Sheekman worked on his play.[107]
Sheekman's comedy about a sorrowful comic, The Joker, had Tommy Noonan for its star and was booked into The Playhouse Theater in New York to open April 5, 1957. April 1, it was announced the play was terminating a pre-Broadway tour of three-and-one-half weeks in Washington DC and was "taken off for repairs."[108] Repairs were never made.
Then after seven years of working at her easel every day, Stuart was ready to show her paintings. In September, 1961, Victor Hammer gave Stuart a debut one-woman show at his Hammer Galleries in New York.[109] Nearly all of her forty canvases sold.[109] In the following years, Stuart exhibited her primitive-style paintings in many shows, including at the Bianchini Gallery in New York, the Simon Patrich Galleries and The Egg and the Eye in Los Angeles, the Galerie du Jonelle in Palm Springs and the Staircase Gallery in Beverly Hills. Stuart’s paintings are in numerous private collections and the permanent collections of the Los Angeles County Museum of Art, the Museum of New Mexico (Santa Fe), the Desert Museum of Palm Springs and the Belhaven Museum (Jackson, Mississippi).[110]
Stuart had been painting for nearly thirty years when, as she noted in her book, “…the challenges to me of painting as a primitive had been wearing a little thin, and I had become fascinated by the complex art form of serigraphy—silk screening." Stuart studied with serigrapher Evelyn Johnson then created vivid serigraphs that are also in private collections.[111]
Bonsai artwork[edit]
Bonsai called "French Black Oak Forest" was created by Gloria Stuart in 1982 after returning from France where she gathered the acorns in the royal forest at Fontainebleau.
In the late 1960s, Stuart embraced another art form, the art of bonsai. She took classes from Frank Nagata, colleague of John Naka, a bonsai master in Los Angeles,[112] joined Nagata’s bonsai club, Baiko-En, and became one of the first Anglo members of the California Bonsai Society. Eventually Stuart's collection numbered over one hundred miniature trees.[113] Some of her trees are in the bonsai collection of the Botanical Gardens of the Huntington Library in San Marino, California.
Later life and death[edit]
Stuart was diagnosed with lung cancer at the age of 94, many decades after she had quit smoking. Until that point, she had enjoyed remarkably good health for her advanced age aside from taking cortisone shots for knee pain.[114] She underwent radiation treatment, but in time the cancer returned and she underwent a shorter course of radiation. The malignancy continued to spread, but slowly. She lived six years after her initial diagnosis and reached her centenary.[115]
For the actress's 100th birthday, which she was still healthy enough to enjoy, James Cameron and Suzy Amis hosted Stuart and her family and friends at the ACE Gallery in Beverly Hills. There Stuart saw many of her paintings and serigraphs, artist's books, samples of her découpage and trees from her bonsai collection exhibited in the gallery.[116] Stuart's Baiko-En bonsai club gave her a gala birthday party at the Huntington Library.[citation needed]
Stuart died on the afternoon of September 26, 2010 of respiratory failure. Her body was cremated.[D]
Personal life[edit]
Stuart married twice: first, to Blair Gordon Newell, from 1930-1934; and then to Arthur Sheekman, from 1934 until his death in 1978 of a heart attack. Stuart gave birth to one daughter with Sheekman, Sylvia Vaughn Thompson, in 1935.[3] Stuart was partners with artist Ward Ritchie from 1983 until his death from pancreatic cancer in 1996.[79]
Stuart was a lifelong Democrat.[117] In 1938 as a member of the Hollywood Democratic Committee, Stuart was on the Executive Board of the California State Democratic Committee.[118]
Stuart was a breast cancer survivor, having been diagnosed in her 70s. She received a lumpectomy followed by radiation.[119] Stuart’s breast cancer did not return.
Activism[edit]
While a student at the University of California, Berkeley at age seventeen, Stuart wanted to join the Young Communist League. She wrote, "I was told it was for the poor and the oppressed. That appealed to me. But membership wasn't open to anyone under eighteen, so I couldn't join."[120] In Carmel, she notes that her friendship with muckraker Lincoln Steffens gave her "...much deeper insight into the abuses of laborers and blue-collar workers and made me ready to work for liberal causes when I got to Hollywood a few years later."[120]
In 1933 after completing The Old Dark House, Stuart was one of the first stars to work toward an actors’ union[121] and was one of thirty-nine new Class A members of the Screen Actors Guild,[122][123] of which she was a founding member.[124][125] In June, 1936, she helped Paul Muni, Franchot Tone, Ernst Lubitsch, and Oscar Hammerstein II form the Hollywood Anti-Nazi League.[118] That same year she and writer Dorothy Parker helped create the League to Support the Spanish Civil War Orphans.[118]
Stuart was also an avid environmentalist. "I belong to every organization that has to do with saving the environment," said Stuart. "I'm fed up with venal and avaricious forestry people, mining people, oil people, gas people. I think the abuse of the environment is sinful."[126]
Legacy[edit]
At the time of her death, she had four grandchildren and twelve great-grandchildren.[3]
Stuart's great-granddaughter, Deborah B. Thompson, produced an e-book, Butterfly Summers: A Memoir of Gloria Stuart's Apprentice.[127] Thompson was one of several artists who, over a period of years, assisted Stuart on her masterwork, Gloria Stuart’s Flight of Butterfly Kites. Her observations of Stuart's creative process—and how to print on Stuarts hand press—make it a unique chronicle. Gloria Stuart's paintings are represented by the Papillon Gallery in Los Angeles and I Dated Oppenheimer, her last miniature artist's book, is represented by Lorson's Books and Prints. Pieces of Gloria Stuart's découpage turn up in antique shops occasionally. Studio photographs signed by Gloria Stuart still circulate on the Internet.[citation needed]
For her contributions to the film industry, Stuart has a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame, located on the 6700 block of Hollywood Boulevard.[128]
Filmography[edit]
Note: Some sources include Back Street (1932) in Stuart's filmography in an uncredited performance; since Stuart does not mention the film in her book, and because she is not listed in Back Street, this film is not included.
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1932 Street of Women Doris 'Dodo' Baldwin
The All American Ellen Steffens
The Old Dark House Margaret Waverton
Air Mail Ruth Barnes
1933 Laughter in Hell Lorraine
Sweepings Phoebe
Private Jones Mary Gregg
The Kiss Before the Mirror Lucy Bernsdorf
The Girl in 419 Mary Dolan
It's Great to Be Alive Dorothy Wilton
Secret of the Blue Room Irene von Helldorf
The Invisible Man Flora Cranley
Roman Scandals Princess Sylvia
1934 Beloved Lucy Tarrant Hausmann
I Like It That Way Anne Rogers/Dolly Lavern
I'll Tell the World Jane Hamilton
The Love Captive Alice Trask
Here Comes the Navy Dorothy
Gift of Gab Barbara Kelton
1935 Maybe It's Love Bobby Halevy
Gold Diggers of 1935 Ann Prentiss
Laddie Pamela Pryor
Professional Soldier Countess Sonia
1936 The Prisoner of Shark Island Mrs. Peggy Mudd
The Crime of Dr. Forbes Ellen Godfrey
Poor Little Rich Girl Margaret Allen
36 Hours to Kill Anne Marvis
The Girl on the Front Page Joan Langford
Wanted! Jane Turner Doris Martin
1937 Girl Overboard Mary Chesbrooke
The Lady Escapes Linda Ryan
Life Begins in College Janet O'Hara
1938 Change of Heart Carol Murdock
Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm Gwen Warren
Island in the Sky Julie Hayes
Keep Smiling Carol Walters
Time Out for Murder Margie Ross
The Lady Objects Ann Adams Hayward
1939 The Three Musketeers Queen Anne
Winner Take All Julie Harrison
It Could Happen to You Doris Winslow
1943 Here Comes Elmer Glenda Forbes
1944 The Whistler Alice Walker
Enemy of Women Bertha
1946 She Wrote the Book Phyllis Fowler
1975 The Legend of Lizzie Borden Store customer Television film
Adventures of the Queen Female passenger Television film
1976 Flood! Mrs. Parker Television film
1977 In the Glitter Palace Mrs. Bowman Television film
1978 Battered Television film
1979 The Incredible Journey of Doctor Meg Laurel Rose Hooper Television film
The Best Place to Be Television film
The Two Worlds of Jennie Logan Roberta Television film
1980 Fun and Games Terri Television film
1981 The Violation of Sarah McDavid Mrs. Fowler Television film
Merlene of the Movies Evangeline Eaton Television film
1982 My Favorite Year Mrs. Horn
1984 Mass Appeal Mrs. Curry
1985 There Were Times, Dear Television film
1986 Wildcats Mrs. Connoly
1988 Shootdown Gertrude Television film
1989 She Knows Too Much Kiki Watwood Television film
1997 Titanic Rose Dawson Calvert Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role (tied with Kim Basinger for L.A. Confidential)
Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress
Kansas City Film Critics Circle Award for Best Supporting Actress
Online Film Critics Society Award for Best Supporting Actress
Nominated—Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
Nominated—Golden Globe Award for Best Supporting Actress – Motion Picture
Nominated—Los Angeles Film Critics Association Award for Best Supporting Actress (2nd place)
Nominated—Awards Circuit Community Award for Best Supporting Actress
1999 The Love Letter Eleanor
The Titanic Chronicles Helen Bishop Voice role
2000 The Million Dollar Hotel Jessica
My Mother, the Spy Grandma Television film
2001 Murder, She Wrote: The Last Free Man Eliza Hoops Television film
2004 Land of Plenty Old lady
Television[edit]
Year
Series
Role
Notes
1975 The Waltons Saleswoman 1 episode
1980 Enos Lilly 1 episode
1983 Manimal Bag Lady 1 episode
1987 Murder, She Wrote Edna Jarvis 1 episode
2001 The Invisible Man Madeline Fawkes 1 episode
Touched by an Angel Grams 1 episode
2002-2003 General Hospital Catherine 2 episodes
2003 Miracles Rosanna Wye 1 episode
References[edit]
Notes
Jump up ^ She was a third-generation Californian. Stuart's grandmother, Alice Vaughan, was born in Angels Camp, gold country, and her mother, Alice Diedrick, was born in Selma in the San Joaquin Valley, daughter of a blacksmith.[7]
Jump up ^ Half-sister Patricia Marie Finch was born in 1924.
Jump up ^ She recognized that the symmetry of the six letters of (Gloria) Stuart would look better on a marquee than the seven letters of Stewart.[15]
Jump up ^ "Gloria Stuart, a glamorous blond actress during Hollywood’s golden age who was largely forgotten until she made a memorable comeback in her 80s in the 1997 epic Titanic, died on Sunday at her home in Los Angeles. She was 100."[3]
Citations
Jump up ^ Mank 2005, p. 133.
Jump up ^ "Gloria Frances Stuart, actress. Shaking hands with an admirer, who has painted her name and her portrait on his breast. 1938". Getty Images. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Harmetz, Arthur; Berkvist, Robert (September 27, 2010). "Gloria Stuart, an Actress Rediscovered Late, Dies at 100". New York Times. Retrieved October 27, 2014.
Jump up ^ Ancestry.com, 1920 United States Federal Census, City of Santa Monica, precinct 14, sheet No. 12B, line 52. Accessed September 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ 1920 United States Federal Census
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 6.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 203.
Jump up ^ ancestry.com 1910 United States Federal Census, City of Ocean Park, precinct 8, sheet No. 12A, line 20. Accessed September 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ ancestry.com, 1920 United States Federal Census, City of Santa Monica, precinct 14, sheet No. 12B, line 53. Accessed September 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 11.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 11-12.
^ Jump up to: a b The Nautilus (June 1927). Santa Monica High School Yearbook, p. 45.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 13.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 20.
^ Jump up to: a b c Pepe, Barbara. "Gloria Stuart". Hello. February 21, 1998, p. 8
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 23.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 18.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 36.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 31-37.
Jump up ^ Stuart, Gloria. "'The Play's the Thing' As Produced in Pasadena" The Carmelite. November 12, 1931. In her autobiography, Stuart refers to it as 'The Band Box'.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 40.
Jump up ^ "The Cohens and Kellys in Hollywood (1932)". Internet Movie Data Base. Retrieved October 19, 2014.
Jump up ^ Tennant, Madge. "Fifteen Screen Debs Are Elected 1932 Baby Stars By WAMPAS" Movie Classic.
Jump up ^ Mank 2005, p. 132.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt (1932-10-28). "Boris Karloff, Charles Laughton and Raymond Massey in a Film of Priestley's "The Old Dark House."". The New York Times. Retrieved 2015-07-04.
Jump up ^ Biodrowski, Steven (September 28, 2010). "Upstaged By The Invisible Man: Gloria Stuart Interview". Cinefantastique. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "Pat O'Brien as a Boastful Pilot in a Story of the Hazards of the Modern 'Pony Express.'" New York Times, November 7, 1932.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "Laughter in Hell (1932) A Chain-Gang Melodrama". New York Times, January 2, 1933.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "Sweepings (1933) Lionel Barrymore and Gregory Ratoff in a Film Version of a Novel by Lester Cohen". New York Times, March 24, 1933.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "Private Jones (1933) A Bucking Private." New York Times, March 25, 1933.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "The Kiss Before the Mirror (1933) Frank Morgan, Nancy Carroll and Paul Lukas in a Pictorial Adaptation of a Hungarian Play." New York Times, May 21, 1933.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "The Girl in 419 In an Emergency Hospital." New York Times, May 22, 1933.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "Lionel Atwill and Gloria Stuart Appear in a Story of Mysterious Murders in an Old Castle." New York Times, September 13, 1933.
Jump up ^ Hall, Mordaunt. "The Invisible Man (1933) Claude Rains Makes His Film Debut in a Version of H.G. Wells's Novel, 'The Invisible Man.'" New York Times, November 26, 1933.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. "Here Comes the Navy (1934) Mr. Cagney Afloat." New York Times, July 21, 1934.
Jump up ^ Here Comes the Heavy—Original trailer. Accessed September 14, 2014.
Jump up ^ Sennwald, Andre. "Gold Diggers of 1935 (1935)'Gold Diggers of 1935,' the New Warner Musical Film at the Strand – 'Times Square Lady.' New York Times, March 15, 1935.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. "Professional Soldier (1936) Victor McLaglen as the 'Professional Soldier,' at the Center". New York Times, January 30, 1936.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 89.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. "The Prisoner of Shark Island (1936)". New York Times, February 13, 1936.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. "Poor Little Rich Girl (1936) Miss Temple's Latest, 'The Poor Little Rich Girl,' Moves Into the Radio City Music Hall." New York Times, June 26, 1936.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. The Girl on the Front Page (1936) Notes in Passing on 'The Girl on the Front Page,' at the Roxy. New York Times, November 7, 1936.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S."Girl Overboard 1937." New York Times, March 1, 1937.
Jump up ^ "Gloria Stuart and Ray Pearl". Life. People. September 6, 1937. p. 66.
Jump up ^ Staff. "Review: Rebecca of Sunnybrook Farm. Variety, December 31, 1937.
Jump up ^ "Rebecca Of Sunnybrook Farm—Original trailer" (Film). Retrieved September 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ B.R.C. "Jane Withers, Gloria Stuart and Henry Wilcox Are In 'Keep Smiling' at The Globe." New York Times, August 10, 1938.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. "The Palace Takes 'Time Out for Murder' at the Palace". New York Times, October 7, 1938.
Jump up ^ Crowther, Bosley. "Winner Take All at the Palace". New York Times, March 31, 1939.
Jump up ^ Nugent, Frank S. "At the Palace." New York Times, June 9, 1939.
Jump up ^ Special to the New York Times. "Screen News Here and in Hollywood..." New York Times, November 11, 1938.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 90.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 47-48.
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 61.
Jump up ^ "Star Weds Writer". Belvedere Daily Republican, Belvedere, Illinois, July 30, 1934.
Jump up ^ "Gloria Stuart A Mother". The Edwardsville Intelligencer (Edwardsville, Illinois), June 20, 1935.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 92.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 116.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 116-117.
^ Jump up to: a b Corliss, Richard (September 29, 2010). "Gloria Stuart, '30s Film Star with a Titanic Comeback". Time. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 129.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 130-137.
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 162.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 158-159.
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 143.
Jump up ^ "She Wrote the Book (1946)". IMDB. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 209.
Jump up ^ Clip from the trailer: http://www.tcm.com/mediaroom/video/295335/My-Favorite-Year-Movie-Clip-May-I-Have-This-Dance-.htm/[permanent dead link] accessed September 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Gloria Stuart (1910–2010)". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Arthur Sheekman, A Screenwriter and Adapter, at 76." New York Times, January 14, 1978.
Jump up ^ MacLeod, Steve. "New Exhibit — Ward Ritchie and Laguna Verde Imprenta". Retrieved September 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 219-220.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 226.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 228.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 230.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 231.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 244.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 233.
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 239.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 249.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 250.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 251.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 254.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 268.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 278.
Jump up ^ "Gloria Stuart. 1 Nomination". Hollywood Foreign Press Association. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 297.
Jump up ^ Archerd, Army. "Showbiz stalwart Stuart gets SAG honor". Variety, December 14, 1997.
Jump up ^ "The 4th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards - 1998". Retrieved September 15, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 302.
Jump up ^ “Gloria Stuart.” People, May 11, 1998.
Jump up ^ "Gloria Stuart". People. 49 (17): 49. May 4, 1998.
Jump up ^ Program: “The L.A. Philharmonic presents Hollywood Bowl 1998. July 14-July 19.
Jump up ^ City of Santa Monica Commendation
Jump up ^ Archerd, Army. "For Fisher, gay friends are 'Normal"." Variety, September 19, 2000.
Jump up ^ WENN (June 21, 2010). "Stuart Honored By Screen Actors Guild". Retrieved November 12, 2014. .
Jump up ^ Program: “An Academy Centennial Celebration with Gloria Stuart. July 22, 2010.”
Jump up ^ Variety Staff. "Upcoming events for the week of July 6. Variety, July 6, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Chris & Don. A Love Story–2007". Retrieved September 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 168.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 169.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 170.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 171-172.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 174.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 175.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 177.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 178.
Jump up ^ Zolotow, Sam. 'Joker Opening Canceled on Tour'. New York Times, April 1, 1957.
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 182.
Jump up ^ Dastin, Elizabeth. "Gloria Stuart: From Silver Screen to Canvas." Thesis proposal, CUNY Graduate Center, 2013.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 227.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 191.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 191-192.
Jump up ^ Gloria Stuart's 2004 day book, September 24, 2004.
Jump up ^ Steinberg, Julie. "Gloria Stuart, 'Titanic' Star, Dies at 100", The Wall Street Journal, September 27, 2010.
Jump up ^ Lacher, Irene (July 5, 2010). "Titanic actress Gloria Stuart celebrates her 100th birthday" Ministry of Gossip". Los Angeles Times.
Jump up ^ McLellan, Dennis (September 27, 2010). "Gloria Stuart dies at 100; 'Titanic' actress". The Los Angeles Times. Retrieved July 2, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 46.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, pp. 246-247.
^ Jump up to: a b Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 38.
Jump up ^ Stuart & Thompson 1999, p. 45.
Jump up ^ "MINUTES OF A SPECIAL MEETING OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE SCREEN ACTORS GUILD, INC." November 2, 1933.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave. "Thesp Gloria Stuart is Lauded by SAG". Variety, June 19, 2010.
Jump up ^ "SAG Mourns Loss of Founding Member Gloria Stuart". SAG-AFTRA. September 27, 2010. Retrieved July 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Celebrating Gloria" (PDF). Screen Actor (Summer 2010): 20–21.
Jump up ^ Gardner & Bellows 2007, p. 154.
Jump up ^ Thompson, Deborah B. (March 9, 2012). Butterfly Summers: A Memoir of Gloria Stuart's Apprentice (eBook). Cork: BookBaby Publication. p. 150. ISBN 9781620953570.
Jump up ^ Trounson, Rebecca (July 7, 2010). "Gloria Stuart". The Los Angeles Times. Hollywood Star Walk. Retrieved July 6, 2016.
Bibliography[edit]
Gardner, Gerald; Bellows, Jim (2007). 80: From Ben Bradlee to Lena Horne to Carl Reiner, Our Most Famous Eighty Year Olds, Reveal Why They Never Felt So Young. Sourcebooks. ISBN 978-1-40220-840-9.
Mank, Gregory William (2005). Women in Horror Films, 1930s. McFarland. ISBN 978-0-78642-334-7.
Stuart, Gloria; Thompson, Sylvia (1999). Gloria Stuart: I Just Kept Hoping. Boston: Little, Brown, and Company. ISBN 0-316-81571-3.
Walkup, Kathleen (Autumn 2010). "Fine Printing's Hollywood Connection: Gloria Stuart's Imprenta Glorias'". Parenthesis. 19: 30–32.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Gloria Stuart.
Wikinews has related news: Titanic actress Gloria Stuart dies at age 100
Gloria Stuart on IMDb
Gloria Stuart at the TCM Movie Database
Gloria Stuart at AllMovie
Gloria Stuart at Find a Grave
Works by Gloria Stuart at Open Library
Gloria Stuart of 'Titanic' fame dies at age 100
Gloria Stuart's Death Announcement on YouTube
Artwork by Gloria Stuart, via Papillion Gallery
Gloria Stuart Before Titanic - slideshow by Life magazine
Gloria Stuart at Virtual History
[show]
Awards for Gloria Stuart
[show]
v
t
e
Saturn Award for Best Supporting Actress
Ida Lupino (1974/75)
Bette Davis (1976)
Susan Tyrrell (1977)
Dyan Cannon (1978)
Veronica Cartwright (1979)
Eve Brent (1980)
Frances Sternhagen (1981)
Zelda Rubinstein (1982)
Candy Clark (1983)
Polly Holliday (1984)
Anne Ramsey (1985)
Jenette Goldstein (1986)
Anne Ramsey (1987)
Sylvia Sidney (1988)
Whoopi Goldberg (1989/90)
Mercedes Ruehl (1991)
Isabella Rossellini (1992)
Amanda Plummer (1993)
Mia Sara (1994)
Bonnie Hunt (1995)
Alice Krige (1996)
Gloria Stuart (1997)
Joan Allen (1998)
Patricia Clarkson (1999)
Rebecca Romijn-Stamos (2000)
Fionnula Flanagan (2001)
Samantha Morton (2002)
Ellen DeGeneres (2003)
Daryl Hannah (2004)
Summer Glau (2005)
Famke Janssen (2006)
Marcia Gay Harden (2007)
Tilda Swinton (2008)
Sigourney Weaver (2009)
Mila Kunis (2010)
Emily Blunt (2011)
Anne Hathaway (2012)
Scarlett Johansson (2013)
Rene Russo (2014)
Jessica Chastain (2015)
Tilda Swinton (2016)
[show]
v
t
e
Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Supporting Role
Dianne Wiest (1994)
Kate Winslet (1995)
Lauren Bacall (1996)
Kim Basinger / Gloria Stuart (1997)
Kathy Bates (1998)
Angelina Jolie (1999)
Judi Dench (2000)
Helen Mirren (2001)
Catherine Zeta-Jones (2002)
Renée Zellweger (2003)
Cate Blanchett (2004)
Rachel Weisz (2005)
Jennifer Hudson (2006)
Ruby Dee (2007)
Kate Winslet (2008)
Mo'Nique (2009)
Melissa Leo (2010)
Octavia Spencer (2011)
Anne Hathaway (2012)
Lupita Nyong'o (2013)
Patricia Arquette (2014)
Alicia Vikander (2015)
Viola Davis (2016)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 49424702
LCCN: n87890695
ISNI: 0000 0001 2096 0947
GND: 124240771
SUDOC: 114211124
BNF: cb14518974r (data)
ULAN: 500312809
IATH: w68h1z5p
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gloria_Stuart&oldid=812171187"
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Africa (Toto song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Africa"
U.S. 7-inch (180 mm) shaped picture disc edition
Single by Toto
from the album Toto IV
B-side
"Good for You" (The Americas)[1]
"We Made It" (international)[1]
Released
May 10, 1982 (1982-05-10) (Europe)
October 30, 1982 (1982-10-30) (U.S.)
Format
7", 12", CD single
Recorded
October 18, 1981 (1981-10-18)
Genre
Pop rock
soft rock[2]
Length
4:55 (album version)
4:21 (radio edit)
7:05 (extended)
Label
Columbia
Songwriter(s)
David Paich, Jeff Porcaro
Producer(s)
Toto
Toto singles chronology
"Make Believe"
(1982) "Africa"
(1982) "I Won't Hold You Back"
(1982)
"Make Believe"
(1982) "Africa"
(1982) "I Won't Hold You Back"
(1982)
Music video
Toto - Africa on YouTube
Audio sample
file
help
"Africa" is a 1982 song by the American rock band Toto. It was included on their 1982 album Toto IV, and released as a single on September 30, 1982. It reached number one on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart on February 5, 1983 (the band's only number one there), and number three on the UK Singles Chart the same month. The song was written by the band's keyboardist/vocalist David Paich and drummer Jeff Porcaro.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Music video
3 Reception
4 Personnel
4.1 Guest musicians
5 Charts and certifications
5.1 Weekly charts
5.2 Year-end charts
5.3 Sales and certifications
6 Samples
7 Covers
8 In popular culture
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links
Background[edit]
The initial idea and words for the song came from David Paich. Jeff Porcaro explains the idea behind the song: "a white boy is trying to write a song on Africa, but since he's never been there, he can only tell what he's seen on TV or remembers in the past."[3]
Songwriter David Paich said:
At the beginning of the '80s I watched a late night documentary on TV about all the terrible death and suffering of the people in Africa. It both moved and appalled me, and the pictures just wouldn't leave my head. I tried to imagine how I'd feel about if I was there and what I'd do.[4]
In 2015 Paich explained the song is about a man's love of a continent: Africa, rather than just a personal romance.[5]
Musically, the song took quite some time to assemble, as Paich and Porcaro explain:
On "Africa" you hear a combination of marimba with GS 1. The kalimba is all done with the GS 1; it's six tracks of GS 1 playing different rhythms. I wrote the song on CS-80, so that plays the main part of the entire tune.[6]
So when we were doing "Africa" I set up a bass drum, snare drum and a hi-hat, and Lenny Castro set up right in front of me with a conga. We looked at each other and just started playing the basic groove. ...The backbeat is on 3, so it's a half-time feel, and it's 16th notes on the hi-hat. Lenny started playing a conga pattern. We played for five minutes on tape, no click, no nothing. We just played. And I was singing the bass line for 'Africa' in my mind, so we had a relative tempo. Lenny and I went into the booth and listened back to the five minutes of that same boring pattern. We picked out the best two bars that we thought were grooving, and we marked those two bars on tape...Maybe it would have taken two minutes to program that in the Linn, and it took about half an hour to do this. But a Linn machine doesn't feel like that!
Porcaro also acknowledged that he was influenced by the sounds created by fellow Los Angeles session musicians Milt Holland and Emil Richards in addition to the New York World's Fair and a National Geographic Special.[7]
Music video[edit]
The music video was directed by Steve Barron.[8] In the video, a researcher in a library (portrayed by band member David Paich) tries to match a scrap of a picture of a shield to the book from which it was torn out. As he continues his search, a librarian (Jenny Douglas-McRae) working at a desk takes occasional notice of him, while natives in the surrounding jungle begin to close in on the library. When the researcher finds a book entitled Africa, the native throws a spear (the shield the native carries is the same as the one in the picture), toppling stacks of books. Africa falls open to the page from which the scrap was torn, but a lantern lands on it and sets it on fire, after which the librarian's eyeglasses are shown falling to the floor. The scenes are intercut with shots of a spinning globe and the band performing atop a stack of giant hardcover books, in which Africa is the topmost.
This video also features Mike Porcaro on bass, replacing David Hungate, who had already left the band before the video was made.
Reception[edit]
In 2012, "Africa" was listed by music magazine NME in 32nd place on its list of "50 Most Explosive Choruses".[9]
Personnel[edit]
David Paich – lead vocals (verses) and backing vocals, piano, synthesizer
Bobby Kimball – lead vocals (chorus), backing vocals
Steve Lukather – backing vocals, guitar
David Hungate – bass
Jeff Porcaro – drums, percussion
Steve Porcaro – synthesizer
Guest musicians[edit]
Jim Horn – recorders
Lenny Castro – congas, percussion
Joe Porcaro – marimbas, percussion
Timothy B. Schmit – backing vocals, rhythm guitar
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1982–83)
Peak
position
Australian Kent Music Report[10] 5
Austrian Top 40[11] 7
Belgian Singles Chart 8
Canadian RPM Adult Contemporary Tracks 8
Canadian RPM Top Singles 1
Dutch Singles Chart[11] 2
Europarade 17
Finnish Singles Chart 18
French Singles Chart 27
German Singles Chart[11] 14
Irish Singles Chart 2
Italian Singles Chart 22
New Zealand RIANZ Singles Chart[12] 8
Polish Singles Chart 19
South African Singles Chart 18
Spanish Radio Chart 18
Swiss Singles Chart[11] 6
UK Singles Chart[13] 3
U.S. Billboard Hot 100 1
U.S. Billboard Hot Adult Contemporary Tracks 3
Chart (2013)
Peak
position
New Zealand RMNZ Singles Chart[14] 5
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1982)
Peak
position
Belgian VRT Top 30 85
Dutch Top 40 18
German Media Control Chart 88
Chart (1983)
Peak
position
Australian Kent Music Report 25
Canadian RPM Top Singles 16
Italian Singles Chart 75
UK Singles Chart 38
US Billboard Hot 100[15] 24
Sales and certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Canada (Music Canada)[16]
Gold 50,000^
Italy (FIMI)[17]
Gold 15,000*
New Zealand (RMNZ)[18]
Gold 5,000*
United Kingdom (BPI)[19]
Gold 400,000
United States (RIAA)[20]
Gold 500,000^
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
In addition to the above, the song also reached number 1 on the New Zealand iTunes chart on May 15, 2013.[21]
Samples[edit]
2002: Ja Rule sampled the song on his song "Murder Reigns" taken from his fourth studio album The Last Temptation[citation needed]
2006: American pop singer JoJo sampled "Africa" in her song "Anything", which served as the third single from her 2006 sophomore studio album, The High Road.[citation needed]
2006: Lebanese-Canadian pop/R&B singer Karl Wolf sampled "Africa" in his own remake, also called "Africa", with added lyrics and musical composition and arrangement.[citation needed] The Karl Wolf song featured a rap section by the Canadian-Bahamian rapper Culture. The track served as the first single from his 2007 sophomore studio album, Bite the Bullet, and reached number 2 on the Billboard Canadian Hot 100.[22]
2010: American experimental artist Daniel Lopatin heavily sampled "Africa" in the song "A1", a song featured in Chuck Person's Eccojams Vol. 1.[23]
2011: American pop/R&B singer Jason Derulo sampled "Africa" in his song "Fight for You" from his 2011 sophomore studio album, Future History. Stevie Hoang had originally recorded "Fight for You" in 2011 for his third independent album, Unsigned with his original track featuring vocals from Iyaz.[citation needed]
2016: Swedish production duo Bacall & Malo sampled "Africa" in their remake, also called "Africa", with added lyrics and musical composition and arrangement.[citation needed] The Bacall & Malo music video also featured vocals by UK-based Nigerian singer Prince Osito. The track was the debut charting single of the Swedish duo peaking at number 18 on Sverigetopplistan, the official Swedish Singles Chart.[24]
Covers[edit]
2011: Pop Punk band Quietdrive featured a cover version on their album Your Record / Our Spin [25]
2011: Pop Punk band Relient K released a cover version on their covers album Is for Karaoke [26]
2012: Progressive metal band Chaos Divine released a cover version as a single. [27]
2016: Metalcore band Affiance released a cover version as a single. [28]
2017: Metal by Leo Moracchioli (Frog Leap studio) feat. Rabea & Hannah [29]
In popular culture[edit]
The song was used in an advertisement for Castle Lager in South Africa in the late 1990s.[30]
The song was used in the video game Grand Theft Auto: Vice City on the fictional radio station Emotion 98.3.[31]
A Foster Farms commercial in the United States features a choir of animatronic chickens singing the song as part of the poultry producer's "Amazing Chicken" campaign.[32]
The song was featured at the beginning of the Scrubs episode "My Way Home". The song was being played through J.D.'s iPod and the band's name was the first of many references to The Wizard of Oz in the episode.[33]
"Africa" was featured in multiple episodes of the 20th season of South Park.[34]
The song was featured in the first episode of the first season of Stranger Things.[35]
See also[edit]
List of RPM number-one singles of 1983
List of Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles of 1983
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Toto - Africa at Discogs. [ONLINE]". Archived from the original on October 27, 2016. Retrieved May 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Explore: Soft Rock | Top Songs". AllMusic. Archived from the original on November 12, 2011. Retrieved September 8, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Official TOTO Website - Encyclopedia". www.toto99.com. April 18, 2007. Archived from the original on July 14, 2012. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Official TOTO Website - Releases". www.toto99.com. Archived from the original on September 28, 2011. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Melissa Locker (May 5, 2015). "Q&'80s: Toto's Dave Paich on Writing and Recording ‘Africa’". Grantland.com. (end paragraph 2 and 8). Archived from the original on June 25, 2016. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Keyboard, 09/1995
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 1, 2015. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Toto - "Africa"". mvdbase.com. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "50 Most Explosive Choruses - #32 Toto - Africa - NME.COM". NME. Archived from the original on April 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Steffen Hung. "Toto - Africa". swedishcharts.com. Archived from the original on October 26, 2012. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart | The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Nztop40.co.nz. November 14, 1982. Archived from the original on August 17, 2016. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "UK Top 40 Chart Archive, British Singles & Album Charts". Everyhit.com. March 16, 2000. Retrieved November 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart | The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Nztop40.co.nz. May 20, 2013. Archived from the original on May 7, 2017. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Talent Almanac 1984" (PDF). Billboard. 95 (52). Billboard Publications, Inc. December 24, 1983. p. TA-18. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Canadian single certifications – Toto – Africa". Music Canada.
Jump up ^ "Italian single certifications – Toto – Africa" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana.
Jump up ^ "New Zealand single certifications – Toto – Africa". Recorded Music NZ.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Toto – Africa". British Phonographic Industry. Enter Africa in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Toto – Africa". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "Toto thanks NZ for No. 1 single - 30 years later - Entertainment - NZ Herald News". Nzherald.co.nz. May 16, 2013. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Karl Wolf". billboard.com. Archived from the original on August 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Chuck Person: Chuck Person’s Eccojams Vol. 1". Spectrum Culture. December 4, 2016. Retrieved August 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bacall & Malo - Africa". swedishcharts.com.
Jump up ^ "Spotify".
Jump up ^ "Spotify".
Jump up ^ "Metal Music Archives".
Jump up ^ "Song Premiere: Affiance Cover Toto's "Africa"". Newnoisemagazine.com. August 19, 2016. Archived from the original on October 23, 2016. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Youtube".
Jump up ^ "Top Ten South African adverts from our younger days". The South African. Archived from the original on September 8, 2014. Retrieved May 19, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The 25 Best Songs From The Grand Theft Auto: Vice City Soundtrack". Complex. Archived from the original on February 28, 2017. Retrieved February 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Foster Farms' Harmonic Choir of 'Amazing Chickens'". Little Black Book. Archived from the original on January 28, 2016. Retrieved January 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Savorelli, Antonio (April 13, 2010). Beyond Sitcom: New Directions in American Television Comedy. McFarland. p. 39. ISBN 9780786458431. Retrieved February 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Caffrey, Dan. "In the dawn of the Trump era, the satire on South Park writes itself". A.V. Club. Archived from the original on November 18, 2016. Retrieved November 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Stranger Things - S1E1 "The Vanishing Will Byers" List of Songs". What-song. Archived from the original on February 25, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
Further reading[edit]
Jeff Porcaro reminisces about how the song's percussion tracks took shape at Mix
External links[edit]
Billboard Chart Listing - Allmusic.com
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
Africa official video on YouTube
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