text:
Even the Losers
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"Even the Losers"
Single by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
from the album Damn the Torpedoes
B-side
"Somethin' Else" (live)
"Stories We Could Tell" (live)
Released
July 1980 (July 1980)
Format
7-inch single (Australia)
Recorded
1979
Genre
Heartland rock
Length
3:59 (album version)
3:38 (single version)
Label
Backstreet
Songwriter(s)
Tom Petty
Producer(s)
Tom Petty
Jimmy Iovine
Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers singles chronology
"Here Comes My Girl"
(1980) "Even the Losers"
(1980) "The Waiting"
(1981)
Even the Losers is a song written by Tom Petty and recorded by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers. It is featured on their breakthrough hit 1979 album, Damn the Torpedoes. It is also featured on the band's 1993 Greatest Hits album. A live recording of it is included in the box set The Live Anthology. It has become one of the highest regarded songs of Tom Petty's repertoire[1][2]. The song was not released as a single[3]; it had a single release only in Australia. The song peaked at #11 on the Billboard lyric find.[4]
Contents
1 Writing and recording
2 Critical reception
3 Personnel
4 Cover versions
5 References
Writing and recording[edit]
The song was inspired by a night Petty had spent with a woman named Cindy and some friends in his hometown of Gainesville, Florida when he was young. Cindy had been the object of a junior high school crush of his. Unlike in school, Cindy liked him that night. It was also during that night Petty had an epiphany and realized he needed to be in a rock and roll band. The next morning Cindy said their relationship was limited to the previous night. Years later, that night was very much on his mind when he wrote "Even the Losers."[5]
During the recording session, guitarist Mike Campbell struggled to come up with a guitar solo. Petty asked, "Well, what would Chuck Berry do?" Within minutes, the solo was recorded.[6]
Before the track starts there is a female voice heard saying, "It's just the normal noises in here!" The voice is that of Campbell's wife Marcie from a demo recording Campbell had made in his home. He apparently was complaining to her about the noise of a nearby washing machine and the sentence was her reply.[7]
Critical reception[edit]
Rolling Stone ranked the song at 19 of Petty's greatest songs, ranked above some major hits such as You Got Lucky and Jammin' Me.[1] Corbin Reiff of Uproxx ranked it at 15 of Petty's best songs.[2] The Washington Post included "Even the Losers" on their list of 10 of Petty's best songs.[8]
Writing for Uproxx, critic John Kurp wrote, “'Even The Losers' sums up Petty’s career more than any other track in his hits-stuff discography" and the song "is the sound of pure pain. It’s an ode for anyone stuck in the 'glory days,' for the lovesick fools who can’t separate the good times (“We smoked cigarettes and we stared at the moon”) from the bad (“I shoulda known right then it was too good to last”), and how much that hurts. And yet, I see 'Even the Losers' as somewhat optimistic."[9]
Personnel[edit]
Tom Petty – lead vocals, rhythm guitar
Mike Campbell – lead guitar
Ron Blair – bass guitar[10]
Benmont Tench – piano, organ
Stan Lynch – drums,
Cover versions[edit]
In 2012, Pat Green covered "Even the Losers" for his cover album, Songs We Wish We'd Written II.[11]
In 2017, Ryan Adams performed the song at the Austin City Limits Music Festival as a tribute to Petty.[12]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Christopher R. Weingarten, Jon Dolan, Corinne Cummings, Nick Murray, Kory Grow, Andy Green, Will Hermes, Rob Sheffield (October 2, 2017). "Tom Petty's 50 Greatest Songs". Rolling Stone. Retrieved October 27, 2017. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Jump up to: a b Reiff, Corbin (October 3, 2017). "The 20 Best Tom Petty Songs, Ranked". Uproxx. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ https://pitchfork.com/reviews/albums/tom-petty-and-the-heartbreakers-damn-the-torpedoes/amp/
Jump up ^ https://www.billboard.com/music/tom-petty-and-the-heartbreakers/chart-history/lyricfind-us/song/676813
Jump up ^ Zanes, Warren (2015). Petty: The Biography. Henry Holt and Company. pp. 46–47. ISBN 9780306824388.
Jump up ^ Hartman, Kent (2017). Goodnight, L.A.: The Rise and Fall of Classic Rock--The Untold Story from inside the Legendary Recording Studios. Da Capo Press. ISBN 9780805099690.
Jump up ^ Zanes, Warren (2015). Petty: The Biography. Henry Holt and Company. p. 154. ISBN 9780306824388.
Jump up ^ Argetsinger, Amy (October 3, 2017). "These were Tom Petty's best songs". Washington Post. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kurp, John (October 4, 2017). "One Of Tom Petty's Minor Hits Summed Up His Incredible Career/". Uproxx. Retrieved October 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://www.bassplayer.com/artists/1171/mojo-man-ron-blair-with-tom-petty--the-heartbreakers/26841
Jump up ^ "Pat Green: Songs We Wish We'd Written, Vol. 2". AllMusic.
Jump up ^ staff (October 16, 2017). "Watch Ryan Adams Pay Tribute to Tom Petty with "Even the Losers" at ACL Fest". Relix. Retrieved October 29, 2017.
hide
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e
Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
Tom Petty
Mike Campbell
Benmont Tench
Ron Blair
Scott Thurston
Steve Ferrone
Stan Lynch
Howie Epstein
Studio albums
Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
You're Gonna Get It!
Damn the Torpedoes
Hard Promises
Long After Dark
Southern Accents
Let Me Up (I've Had Enough)
Into the Great Wide Open
Songs and Music from "She's the One"
Echo
The Last DJ
Mojo
Hypnotic Eye
Live albums
Official Live 'Leg
Pack Up the Plantation: Live!
The Live Anthology
Mojo Tour 2010
Compilations
Greatest Hits
Playback
Anthology: Through the Years
Videography
Pack Up the Plantation: Live!
Hard to Handle w/ Bob Dylan
Playback
Live at the Olympic: The Last DJ
Runnin' Down a Dream
Songs
"Breakdown"
"American Girl"
"Anything That's Rock 'n' Roll"
"I Need to Know"
"Listen to Her Heart"
"Don't Do Me Like That"
"Refugee"
"Here Comes My Girl"
"Even the Losers"
"The Waiting"
"A Woman in Love (It's Not Me)"
"You Got Lucky"
"Change of Heart"
"Don't Come Around Here No More"
"Rebels"
"Make It Better (Forget About Me)"
"Jammin' Me"
"Learning to Fly"
"Into the Great Wide Open"
"Mary Jane's Last Dance"
"Walls (Circus)"
"The Last DJ"
Related articles
Discography
Songs
Awards
Mudcrutch
Blue Stingrays
"Stop Draggin' My Heart Around"
Unchained
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Interstate 44 in Missouri
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the section of Interstate 44 in Missouri. For the entire route, see Interstate 44.
Interstate 44
Route information
Maintained by MoDOT
Length:
293.183 mi[1] (471.832 km)
Existed:
1956 – present
Major junctions
West end:
I-44 / Will Rogers Turnpike near Joplin
US 166 / US 400 near Joplin
I-49 / US 71 near Joplin
US 160 in Springfield
US 65 in Springfield
US 63 in Rolla
US 50 near Union
I-270 in Sunset Hills
US 50 / US 61 / US 67 in Kirkwood
I-55 / I-64 / US 40 in St. Louis
East end:
I-70 in St. Louis
Highway system
Interstate Highway System
Main
Auxiliary
Suffixed
Business
Future
Missouri State Highway System
Interstate
US
State
Supplemental
← Route 43 Route 45 →
Interstate 44 (I-44) in the U.S. state of Missouri runs northeast from the Oklahoma state line near Joplin to I-70 in downtown St. Louis. It runs for about 293 miles (472 km) in the state.
Contents
[hide]
1 Route description
2 History
3 Business loops
4 Exit list
5 References
Route description[edit]
I-44 approached by U.S. 71 (now part of I-49) just south of Joplin.
Interstate 44 enters Missouri in Newton County at the eastern terminus of the Will Rogers Turnpike, 200 yards south of the Kansas state line. The first interchange in Missouri is the eastern terminus of both U.S. Highway 166 and U.S. Highway 400. This highway next goes through southern Joplin and then begins a concurrency with Interstate 49/U.S. Highway 71 at Exit 11 just after entering Jasper County. The freeway turns to a more easterly heading (the old route of US 166), and then I-49/U.S. 71 splits off to the north at Exit 18.
I-44 next enters Lawrence County. Near Mount Vernon, the highway curves to the northeast. The section of highway to Halltown is a completely new highway, not supplanting any previous highways. At Halltown, the road curves back to due east, beginning to follow the general pathway of old U.S. Highway 66, which it does all the way to downtown St. Louis. I-44 then goes around the western and northern sides of Springfield, serving as the western terminus of the James River Freeway, as well as crossing both Route 13 and U.S. Highway 65. The Interstate Highway continues northeast, bypassing Lebanon.
In Pulaski County, I-44 enters the Mark Twain National Forest, and then leaves it to provide access to Waynesville, St. Robert, and Fort Leonard Wood, before re-entering the national forest. The freeway leaves the forest in Phelps County west of Rolla. I-44 then goes through Rolla, where it meets U.S. Highway 63. It continues its northeast course, passing near St. James, Cuba, Bourbon, Sullivan, and Saint Clair.
I-44 west in Springfield, Missouri
I-44 near the west end of its concurrency with U.S. 50 in Franklin County.
I-44 next goes north of Pacific before moving into St. Louis County. I-44 then bisects Eureka before serving as the southern boundary of Route 66 State Park (the former site of Times Beach, known for its dioxin contamination and its eventual demolition and Superfund cleanup). I-44 then runs across unincorporated land before entering Fenton and having an interchange with Interstate 270 in Sunset Hills. I-44 then goes through Crestwood, Kirkwood, Oakland, Webster Groves, and Shrewsbury before entering the City of St. Louis. I-44 runs on a due east course through St. Louis until it meets Interstate 55 south of downtown. The two highways run concurrently for about two miles until I-55 turns east to cross the Mississippi River on the Poplar Street Bridge. I-44 then continues north through Downtown St. Louis on the former route of Interstate 70 to its junction with that highway at the Stan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge.
History[edit]
I-44 follows the general route of, and completely replaced, historic U.S. Route 66 from Halltown (exit 58, the junction with a cut-off section of US 66 since renumbered as Route 96) to downtown St. Louis. From rural Joplin at exit 15 to Mount Vernon at exit 49, it largely follows a decommissioned section of U.S. Route 166.
A section of I-44 was moved slightly north between Powellville and Doolittle. The old alignment of the old double-carriageway US 66 had been demolished with the roadbed largely overgrown with vegetation, although it was highly visible for eastbound traffic near Powellville as late as 2009. As of April 2006[update], the rocks That were carved away for the new roadbed virtually had no lichen, reflecting that this construction occurred rather recently.[2]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (June 2008)
The eastern terminus of I-44 was changed when the Stan Musial Veterans Memorial Bridge opened in February 2014, rerouting I-70 over the river along a more northern alignment. I-44 now takes the old I-70 alignment through the below-grade section of roadway in St. Louis, making the new eastern terminus being the interchange with I-70 near Cass Avenue.[3] The eastbound lanes of I-44 meets the westbound lanes of I-70, and the eastbound lanes of I-70 meets the westbound lanes of I-44.[3]
Business loops[edit]
Main article: Business routes of Interstate 44
All of Interstate 44's business loops are in Missouri. Most of these Business Loops were the former U.S. Route 66. Missouri also has the unusual occurrence of a business loop and business spur from the same interstate intersecting (the Waynesville-St. Robert loop and the Ft. Leonard Wood spur).
Exit list[edit]
County
Location
mi[1]
km
Exit
Destinations
Notes
Newton
0.000
0.000 I-44 / Will Rogers Turnpike west – Tulsa Continuation into Oklahoma

0.348
0.560 1 US 166 / US 400 west (Downstream Boulevard) – Baxter Springs

3.987
6.416 4 Route 43 south – Seneca, Joplin Western terminus of concurrency with Route 43
Joplin
6.618
10.651 6 BL I-44 east / Route 43 north / Route 86 – Racine, Joplin Eastern terminus of concurrency with Route 43
8.817
14.190 8 BL I-49 (Range Line Road) Diverging diamond interchange[4]
Jasper
11.677
18.792 11A I-49 south / US 71 south to Route FF – Neosho, Fort Smith, Fayetteville Western terminus of concurrency with I-49 / US 71

11.880
19.119 11B Route 249 north to Route 66 – Joplin

13.190
21.227 13 Prigmor Road (CR 190) – Joplin Opened November 2015

15.483
24.917 15 BL I-44 west / Route 66 west – Duenweg Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
Fidelity
18.481
29.742 18 I-49 north / US 71 north / Route 59 south – Carthage, Kansas City, Diamond Eastern terminus of concurrency with I-49 / US 71; split into exits 18A (south) and 18B (north)

22.497
36.205 22 CR 100

26.507
42.659 26 BL I-44 east / Route 37 – Sarcoxie, Reeds

29.929
48.166 29 BL I-44 west / Route U – Sarcoxie, La Russell
Lawrence
33.517
53.940 33 To Route 97 south (CR 1010)

38.498
61.957 38 Route 97 – Pierce City, Stotts City

44.298
71.291 44 BL I-44 east / Route H – Mount Vernon, Monett
Mount Vernon
46.930
75.527 46 BL I-44 west / Route 39 / Route 265 – Mount Vernon, Aurora

49.725
80.025 49 Route 174 – Chesapeake, Mount Vernon

58.133
93.556 57 Route 96 – Avilla Westbound exit and eastbound entrance; former US 66 west

58.796
94.623 58 Route O / Route Z – Halltown

61.964
99.721 61 Route K / Route PP
Greene
67.011
107.844 67 Route N / Route T – Republic, Bois D'Arc

68.958
110.977 69 Route 360 east (James River Freeway) to US 60

70.166
112.921 70 Route B / Route MM

72.472
116.632 72 BL I-44 east / Route 266 (Chestnut Expressway) Former US 66
Springfield
75.480
121.473 75 US 160 (West Bypass) – Willard
77.713
125.067 77 Route 13 (Kansas Expressway) – Bolivar First diverging diamond interchange in North America, existing interchange converted in 2009[5]
80.372
129.346 80 BL I-44 west (Glenstone Avenue) / Route H – Pleasant Hope
82.465
132.715 82 US 65 – Branson, Sedalia Signed as exits 82A (south) and 82B (north)

84.734
136.366 84 Route 744
Strafford
88.917
143.098 88 Route 125 – Strafford, Fair Grove
Webster
96.021
154.531 96 Route B – Northview
Marshfield
100.938
162.444 100 Route 38 / Route W – Marshfield

107.553
173.090 107 Sampson Road / Sparkle Brook Road
Laclede Conway
113.230
182.226 113 Route J / Route Y – Conway
Phillipsburg
118.027
189.946 118 Route A / Route C – Phillipsburg Former US 66

123.011
197.967 123 County Road
Lebanon
127.207
204.720 127 BL I-44 east (Elm Street, Evergreen Pkwy) / Route W / Morgan Road Former US 66
129.057
207.697 129 Route 5 / Route 32 (Jefferson Avenue) to Route 64 – Hartville, Camdenton
130.160
209.472 130 BL I-44 west (Elm Street) / Route MM – Lebanon

135.239
217.646 135 Route F – Sleeper Former US 66

139.999
225.307 140 Route N / Route T – Stoutland
Pulaski
145.711
234.499 145 Route 133 / Route AB – Richland

150.630
242.415 150 Route 7 / Route P – Richland, Laquey

153.411
246.891 153 Route 17 – Buckhorn
Waynesville
156.396
251.695 156 BL I-44 east / Route H – Waynesville, Fort Leonard Wood
St. Robert
159.832
257.225 159 BL I-44 – St. Robert, Waynesville Former US 66
161.160
259.362 161 BL I-44 west / Route Y – St. Robert, Fort Leonard Wood

163.836
263.668 163 Route 28 – Dixon

169.086
272.118 169 Route J
Phelps
172.574
277.731 172 Route D – Jerome, Dixon No westbound entrance

176.531
284.099 176 Sugar Tree Road
Doolittle
179.447
288.792 179 Route C / Route T – Newburg, Doolittle
Rolla
184.579
297.051 184 BL I-44 east (Kingshighway) to US 63 south – Rolla Former US 66 east
185.651
298.776 185 Route E – Rolla
186.642
300.371 186 BL I-44 west / US 63 / Route 72 (Bishop Avenue) – Rolla, Jefferson City Former US 66
189.744
305.363 189 Route V (Hy Point Industrial Park Drive)
St. James
195.613
314.809 195 Route 8 / Route 68 – St. James Former US 66
Crawford
203.388
327.321 203 Route F / Route ZZ
Cuba
208.284
335.201 208 Route 19 – Cuba, Owensville

210.782
339.221 210 Route UU

214.250
344.802 214 Route H – Leasburg
Bourbon
218.492
351.629 218 Route C / Route J / Route N – Bourbon
Franklin Sullivan
224.286
360.953 225 Route 185 north / Route D – Sullivan

225.831
363.440 226 Route 185 south / Route AF – Sullivan, Potosi

230.240
370.535 230 Route W / Route JJ – Stanton
St. Clair
238.816
384.337 239 Route 30 / Route AB / Route WW – St. Clair
240.309
386.740 240 Route 47 – St. Clair, Union

242.189
389.765 242 Route AH

247.088
397.650 247 US 50 west / Route O / Route AT – Union, Jefferson City Western terminus of concurrency with US 50

251.485
404.726 251 Route 100 west – Washington Former US 66

253.289
407.629 253 BL I-44 east / Route 100 east – Gray Summit Former US 66
Pacific
256.555
412.885 257 BL I-44 – Pacific
St. Louis Eureka
261.505
420.852 261 BL I-44 west / Six Flags Road – Allenton
264.459
425.606 264 Route 109 – Eureka
265.262
426.898 265 Williams Road Eastbound exit and entrance

266.557
428.982 266 Lewis Road

268.788
432.572 269 Beaumont Antire Road

272.385
438.361 272 Route 141 – Fenton, Valley Park
Fenton
273.844
440.709 274A Bowles Avenue Signed as exit 274 westbound
274.664
442.029 274B Mraz Lane Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
275.630
443.583 275 North Highway Drive / Soccer Park Road Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
Sunset Hills
275.872–
276.932
443.973–
445.679 276 I-270 – Memphis, Chicago
276.132–
276.844
444.391–
445.537 277A Route 366 east (Watson Road) Eastbound exit and westbound entrance; former US 66
Sunset Hills–Kirkwood
city line
277.619
446.784 277B US 50 east / US 61 / US 67 (Lindbergh Boulevard) Eastern terminus of concurrency with US 50
Kirkwood–Crestwood
city line
278.634
448.418 278 Big Bend Road
Webster Groves
279.736
450.191 279 Berry Road Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
280.739
451.806 280 Elm Avenue
282.300
454.318 282 Murdoch Avenue / Laclede Station Road Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
Shrewsbury
282.485
454.616 283 Shrewsbury Avenue Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
City of St. Louis
284.175
457.335 284A Jamieson Avenue Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
284.432
457.749 284B Arsenal Street Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
284.800
458.341 285 Southwest Avenue Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
285.602
459.632 286 Hampton Avenue – Forest Park, Saint Louis Zoo
286.779
461.526 287A Kingshighway Boulevard – Tower Grove Park Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
287.127
462.086 287B Vandeventer Avenue – Missouri Botanical Garden Also signed westbound for Kingshighway Boulevard
288.254
463.900 288 Grand Boulevard – Saint Louis University Hospital
289.265
465.527 289 Jefferson Avenue
289.595–
290.274
466.058–
467.151 290A I-55 south – Memphis Western terminus of concurrency with I-55; eastbound exit and westbound entrance
290.123
466.908 290C 12th Street / Gravois Avenue (Route 30) Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
290.296
467.186 290B Lafayette Avenue Eastbound exit and westbound entrance; former Route 755
290.591
467.661 290D Park Avenue / 7th Street
291.167–
291.528
468.588–
469.169 291A I-55 north / I-64 / US 40 east to I-70 east – Illinois Eastern terminus of concurrency with I-55; westbound exit and eastbound entrance
291.267
468.749 291B Walnut Street – Downtown, Gateway Arch, Busch Stadium Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
291.369
468.913 292 Lumiere Place Boulevard / Washington Avenue / Eads Bridge Eastbound exit and westbound entrance
292.146
470.163 292A Convention Plaza / Martin L. King Bridge – Illinois Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
I-70 Express Lanes Westbound entrance only
292.605
470.902 292B Broadway Westbound exit and eastbound entrance
292.919
471.407 293 Madison Street / St. Louis Avenue Eastbound exit only
293.183
471.832 I-70 west – Kansas City
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
Concurrency terminus
Incomplete access
Tolled
References[edit]
Route map: Google
KML file (edit • help)
Display on Google Maps
Template:Attached KML/Interstate 44 in Missouri
KML is from Wikidata
^ Jump up to: a b Missouri Department of Transportation (January 5, 2015). Flex Map Viewer (Map). Missouri Department of Transportation. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Google (June 8, 2009). "Interstate 44 in Missouri" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved June 8, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b MoDOT Downtown St. Louis signing plans
Jump up ^ Staff (July 20, 2013). "I-44 and Range Line interchange open". The Joplin Globe. Archived from the original on July 23, 2013. Retrieved July 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Tang, Didi (2010-01-28). "Missouri test drives 'diverging diamond' interchange". USA Today.

Interstate 44
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Changshan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the female version, see Cheongsam. For other uses see Changshan (disambiguation). Not to be confused with Chang Pao
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Men of the Chinese Consolidated Benevolent Association wearing the Changsun
A changshan (help·info) (Chinese: 長衫; pinyin: chángshān; literally: "long shirt") is a traditional Chinese dress (or robe, long jacket or tunic) worn by men. In function, it is considered the male equivalent of the women's cheongsam (qipao). It is also known as a changpao (chángpáo 長袍, "long robe") or dagua (大褂 dàguà, "great jacket"). It was often worn by men with a magua or "riding jacket". These types of dress were widely adopted beginning under the Manchu (Chinese: 滿族) rulers of the Qing dynasty (Chinese: 清朝), who required that men in certain positions wear this style. It took more time for the majority of women to adopt the new style of qipao rather than hanfu (Chinese: 漢服).
The Mandarin Chinese word changshan is cognate with the Cantonese term 長衫 chèuhng sàam. This was borrowed into English as "cheongsam." Unlike the Mandarin term, however, chèuhngsàam can refer to both male and female garments. In Hong Kong the term is frequently used to refer to the body-hugging female garment rather than the male changshan. Because of the long British presence in Hong Kong, that local usage has become reflected in the meaning of cheongsam in English, which refers exclusively to the female garment.
History[edit]
Main article: Cheongsam History
Changshan, along with qipao, were introduced to China during the Qing dynasty (17th–20th centuries). The Manchus in 1636 ordered that all Han Chinese should adopt the changshan style of dress or face harsh punishment. However, after the 1644 fall of the Ming dynasty, the Manchu stopped this order; they required only that Han men who served as court and government officials wear Manchu clothes. Commoner Han men and women were still allowed to wear the hanfu. Over time, the commoner Han men adopted the changshan and qipao as their own dress[1] while Han women still wore Hanfu. The traditional Chinese Hanfu style of clothing for men was gradually replaced. Over time, the Manchu style of male dress gained popularity among Han men.
Changshan was considered formal dress for Chinese men before Western-style suits were widely adopted in China. The male changshan could be worn under a western overcoat, and topped with a fedora and scarf. This combination expressed an East Asian modernity in the early 20th century.
The 1949 Communist Revolution ended the wearing of changshan and other traditional clothing in Shanghai. Shanghainese emigrants and refugees carried the fashion to Hong Kong, where it has remained popular. Recently in Shanghai and elsewhere in mainland China, many people have revived wearing the Shanghainese changshan. It is made of silk.
Use of changshan[edit]
Changshan are traditionally worn for formal pictures, weddings, and other formal Chinese events. A black changshan, along with a rounded black hat, was, and sometimes still is, the burial attire for Chinese men. Changshan are not often worn today[update] in mainland China, except during traditional Chinese celebrations but, with the revival of some traditional clothing in urban mainland China, the Shanghainese style functions as a stylish party dress (cf. Mao suit).
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Rhoads, Edward J. M. (2000). Manchus & Han: Ethnic Relations and Political Power in Late Qing and Early Republican China, 1861–1928. Studies on Ethnic Groups in China. Seattle: University of Washington Press. p. 61. ISBN 9780295979380. OCLC 43569203.

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