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Summer vacation
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Summer vacation (also called summer holiday or summer break) is a school holiday in summer between school years and the longest break in the school year. Students and instructors are off school typically between 6 and 14 weeks, depending on the country and district. In the United States, summer break is approximately 2.5 months, with students typically getting out of school between late May and mid-June and starting the new school year between mid-August and early September. In Republic of Ireland, Italy, Greece, Lithuania, Latvia, Lebanon, Romania and Russia, the summer break is normally three months, compared to six to eight weeks in Australia, Britain, Canada, India, and Germany.
Contents
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1 Criticisms and support
2 By country
2.1 Argentina
2.2 Australia
2.3 Austria
2.4 Bangladesh
2.5 Barbados
2.6 Belgium
2.7 Bolivia
2.8 Bosnia and Herzegovina
2.9 Brazil
2.10 Bulgaria
2.11 Canada
2.12 Chile
2.13 China
2.14 Colombia
2.15 Costa Rica
2.16 Croatia
2.17 Czech Republic
2.18 Denmark
2.19 Ecuador
2.20 Egypt
2.21 Estonia
2.22 Ethiopia
2.23 Finland
2.24 France
2.25 Germany
2.26 Greece
2.27 Guatemala
2.28 Guyana
2.29 Hungary
2.30 Hong Kong
2.31 Iceland
2.32 India
2.33 Iran
2.34 Iraq
2.35 Ireland
2.36 Israel
2.37 Italy
2.38 Jamaica
2.39 Japan
2.40 Jordan
2.41 Kuwait
2.42 Lebanon
2.43 Libya
2.44 Lithuania
2.45 Luxembourg
2.46 Macedonia
2.47 Malta
2.48 Moldova
2.49 Morocco
2.50 Mexico
2.51 Mongolia
2.52 Nepal
2.53 Netherlands
2.54 New Zealand
2.55 Nigeria
2.56 Norway
2.57 Oman
2.58 Pakistan
2.59 Panama
2.60 Paraguay
2.61 Philippines
2.62 Poland
2.63 Portugal
2.64 Russia
2.65 Romania
2.66 Saint Lucia
2.67 Saudi Arabia
2.68 Serbia
2.69 Singapore
2.70 Slovakia
2.71 Slovenia
2.72 South Africa
2.73 South Korea
2.74 South Sudan
2.75 Spain
2.76 Suriname
2.77 Sweden
2.78 Switzerland
2.79 Syria
2.80 Taiwan
2.81 Thailand
2.82 Trinidad and Tobago
2.83 Turkey
2.84 Tunisia
2.85 United Kingdom
2.86 United States
2.87 Uruguay
2.88 Venezuela
2.89 Vietnam
3 See also
4 References
Criticisms and support[edit]
In some countries, school summer vacation is only six weeks or two months supposedly so students don't forget large amounts of information learned in the past year (See: Summer learning loss).[1][2] Other education reformers believed that children were overstimulated in a system which required 48 weeks of schooling. They believe that over-schooling could lead to nervous disorders, depression, insanity, and separation anxiety towards families.[3] They believe that children need the 2–3 months off to relax and also to take a break from other childhood stresses associated with school such as peer pressure, cliques, bullying, and the pressure of heavy loads of homework.
Some critics of summer vacation point out that American students spend approximately 180 days (26 weeks) per year in school, but Asian students are "in school for 240 to 250 days". This is consistent with the conclusions of researchers who suggest that advanced abilities are in proportion to the time spent learning. Summer holidays in Japan start from late July until early September.[4]
By country[edit]
Argentina[edit]
In Argentina, the school year ends in early- or mid-December and starts late February or early March. Also the majority of students get two weeks of holidays during winter, which varies depending on the region of the country from early June to late July or mid-July to early August.
Primary education: From mid-December to late February (2 months)
Secondary education: From early December to early March (3 months)
University education: From last day of December (31 December) to early April (3 months)
Australia[edit]
In Australia, summer officially lasts from December to February, and therefore includes Christmas and New Year holidays. The dates of Australian school holidays (the term used, rather than "vacation") are determined by each state's Department of Education, the Christmas summer holiday being the longest in duration. Typically Christmas summer holiday in Australia last approximately six weeks, usually from mid-December (depending on school year, see below) to late January. This is significantly shorter than North American summer holiday, but Australian schools also break for two weeks at Easter, and in June and September, giving students and teachers a total of twelve weeks of annual holidays. In many public schools, years 10 through 12 will finish before December 15, allowing time to complete exam marking and results. Year 10 commonly finishes at the end of November, Year 11 at the end of October, and year 12 (Senior Year) also at mid or the end of October after 3 weeks of end-of-year exams. This can bring the normal 12 weeks of vacation to 20 weeks of vacation. The intervening periods of school operation without holidays are called "School Terms", each term lasting approximately ten weeks. All Australian states have relatively similar holiday periods between each term, but there is the ability for this to change, as it did in the Melbourne 2006 Commonwealth Games, when the first term in Victorian schools was shortened to 6 weeks and the other subsequently extended to 12 weeks due to severe disruptions to the public and private bus networks used by school students. Most private schools in Australia have up to four weeks of additional holidays, due to their longer teaching hours during term.
Austria[edit]
In Austria, summer vacation dates vary by region, however the break lasts nine weeks throughout the whole country. School usually ends in early July and starts in early September. In the regions of Vienna, Lower Austria and the Burgenland summer break starts on the first Saturday in July and one week later in Carinthia, Styria, the Tyrol, Vorarlberg, Salzburg and Upper Austria. School recommences on the first Monday in September in Vienna, Lower Austria and the Burgenland and on the second Monday of September in the other regions.
Bangladesh[edit]
In Bangladesh, summer vacation begins in mid-May and ends in mid June (4 weeks). According to Bengali calendar summer vacation related with availability of different kinds of summer fruits in the month of Joishtho (mid May to mid June). This is slightly odd for schools to open before the summer solstice begins. Also, it is becoming difficult for children to attend school in high temperatures.
Barbados[edit]
In Barbados, summer holiday dates have varied throughout the years due to the beginning of the hurricane season on June 1st. Because of this, major storms affecting the island can cause school to remain closed for days resulting in a pushback of vacation dates. For example, in 2010 with Hurricane Tomas. Recently, summer holiday begins in late-June or early-July and ends in the second week on September.
Belgium[edit]
In Belgium, summer vacation lasts from July 1 until September 1 (2 months).
Bolivia[edit]
In Bolivia, summer vacation runs from early December to early February[5] (2 months).
Bosnia and Herzegovina[edit]
In Bosnia and Herzegovina, the start of summer break varies by school, but usually starts at the beginning or mid-June. School starts on the first Monday of September. There is also a three-to-four weeks long break during winter (typically starting on 31 December). School is not out on Christmas or Easter, but students who celebrate those holidays are allowed to miss that day of school.
Brazil[edit]
In Brazil, summer break lasts between 50 and 60 days; the two first weeks in December and throughout the month of January. It ends in early February, typically February 14–25. In addition, for the majority of Brazilian students there are two to three weeks off for Winter in July.
Bulgaria[edit]
In Bulgaria, the time of the break differs according to the grade of the students. The following periods are applied:
1st-4th grade: May 31 – September 15
5th-8th grade: June 15 – September 15
5th-8th grade in a sports-oriented grade: June 30 – September 15
9th-11th grade: June 30 – September 15
12th grade: School year ends in mid-May.
Note that 8th grade classes that focus on intensive language learning's summer vacation also starts on the 30th of June, rather than the 15th.[6]
Canada[edit]
In Canada, the first day of summer vacation for public schools is the last Saturday in June. However, in some provinces students get a Professional Activity day on the final Friday of that school week, and their last day would be on the Thursday. Depending on the province, students can get 2–3 months of summer vacation. This may vary in Quebec (earlier due to provincial June 24 holiday). The last day of summer vacation is Labour Day. This can vary in Private schools. School generally resumes the day after Labour Day (in September). Most have two weeks off for Christmas and New Year, and a week off in March or April for Spring Break (sometimes called March Break or Easter Break).
Chile[edit]
In Chile, summer vacation lasts from early or mid-December until late February or early March (10, 11 or 12 weeks). In addition, schools have two or three weeks off for Winter in July, and one-week-long break for National Holidays in mid-September.
China[edit]
In the People's Republic of China, summer holidays start in early July and often end in early September (2 months).
Colombia[edit]
In Colombia, summer vacation varies. Because of Colombia's equatorial climate (see Climate of Colombia for more information), schools run two different calendars. Public schools and some private schools run "Calendar A" which has a break between June and July. Only some private schools run "Calendar B" in which there is a long vacation in July and August. On the other hand, "Calendar A" has a long vacation around Christmas.
Costa Rica[edit]
In Costa Rica, summer vacation lasts 2 months. Usually begin in late December and end in early February. There are a few schools using the "american" style, those school usually take vacations in late May and then resume again in early August.
Croatia[edit]
In Croatia, school year is over around 10th June and it usually starts on the first Monday of September, but if the first Monday is on 1st or 2nd September school year is more likely to start on the second Monday. Winter break usually begins a few days before Christmas and it lasts until mid January. Eastern break lasts 10 days.
Czech Republic[edit]
In the Czech Republic, summer holiday begins on July 1 and ends on August 31 (2 months).[7]
Denmark[edit]
In Denmark, summer break lasts from the end of June to early or mid-August (6 weeks) . High schools (colleges) usually return to school in early August, but for younger students it can be in the middle.
Ecuador[edit]
In Ecuador, summer vacation varies. Because of Ecuador's equatorial climate (see Climate of Ecuador for more information), schools run two different calendars. The Coastal region runs vacation January or February, but in the Sierra region, summer vacation follows the pattern in July and August.
Egypt[edit]
In Egypt, summer break lasts from the beginning or the middle of June until the middle of September (3 Months – 14 Weeks) in public schools, though length slightly differs according to age. In most private schools, summer break lasts from the middle or end of June to the beginning of September (2.5 Months – 10 Weeks)
Estonia[edit]
In Estonia, summer holidays start in the beginning of June, the date ranging for different grades. School begins every year on September 1, with a week off in autumn, 2 weeks off at Christmas and a week in spring.
Ethiopia[edit]
In Ethiopia, the school year usually ends in late May to mid-June and begins in mid-September (8 to 12 weeks).
Finland[edit]
In Finland, summer vacation starts on Saturday in late May, or in the beginning of June. The vacation lasts for 2 1⁄2 to 3 months. Usually, school starts again on August 7 to 18.
France[edit]
In France, summer vacation usually consist of July and August (2 months). But in secondary school, students finish mid-June because of the senior's exams. This may vary for private schools.
Germany[edit]
In Germany, summer vacation lasts six and a half weeks. The exact dates vary by state as well as from one to the next year, from the earliest (mid-June to late July) to the latest (late July to early September). In Germany the annual holidays are split into winter holidays (about one week), Easter holidays (mostly about two weeks), summer holiday (about six and a half weeks), autumn holidays (about one to two weeks) and Christmas holidays (about one to two weeks). Some states like Bavaria also have holidays for Pentecost. Summed up over the whole year the holidays are about thirteen weeks.
Greece[edit]
In Greece, the summer vacation lasts for 3 months. Schools close June 15 and reopen on September 11. Universities generally close mid-July but with great differences between faculties.
Guatemala[edit]
In Guatemala, the summer holidays start in middle October and end in early January (approx 12 weeks).
Guyana[edit]
In Guyana, the summer holidays start in early July and end in early September (2 months).
Hungary[edit]
In Hungary, summer vacation usually lasts from mid-June to early September (11 or 12 weeks).
Hong Kong[edit]
In Hong Kong, summer vacation normally begins in mid-July and ends on the beginning of September (6–7 weeks) for most public schools. However, the starting and ending times of international schools are variable. For example, most ESF-based schools start in late June and finish mid-August (7 weeks).
Iceland[edit]
In Iceland, the duration of the summer vacation can vary from one school to another. Typically students go on a summer vacation during the first week of June and return to school in the 4th week of August.[8]
India[edit]
In India, Summer Vacation varies in duration. This is because India is a vast country and different parts of the country face different climatic conditions at the same time. In northern India, school ends in mid-May and begins in the first week of July, except in the Kashmir valley where the summer vacation is only for ten days with a long winter break from mid-December to the end of February. In Central India, especially in Maharashtra, the summer vacation begins in mid-April and school re-opens in mid-June. In Southern India, school ends in the last week of March and begins again in beginning of June. In North-East India, school commences on 1 April after which summer vacations start from mid-may and ends after a period of about 35–38 days.It is the hottest month of the year.
Iran[edit]
In Iran, summer vacation lasts 3 months. Schools close in late June and reopen in late September
Iraq[edit]
In Iraq, summer vacation begins in late May and ends in late September, but the 12th grade vacation begins in late June and ends in mid-October.
Ireland[edit]
In the Republic of Ireland, most secondary schools start summer holidays in the last week of May, or at the end of the Junior Certificate and Leaving Certificate exams, and don't return until the first week in September. Other holidays include two weeks for Easter and another two for Christmas and New Year, as well as two midterms with one in October/November during the week of Halloween and one usually in the month of February. Schools are also closed (usually one or two) for St. Patrick's Day, and Bank Holidays. Students doing exams (Junior Cert and Leaving Cert) have to come in some days during June to sit their exams but otherwise have the same break as those not doing exams. Primary schools in the Republic of Ireland work sixteen days longer, so they start their summer holiday at the end of June.[9] Private schools in the Republic of Ireland follow the same pattern, although summer holidays vary.
Israel[edit]
The start of the summer vacation for middle schools and high schools is on June 20 and the end is August 31 (two months and 10 days) and the summer vacation for primary schools and kindergartens start on July 1 and ends on August 31 (two months).
Italy[edit]
In Italy, summer vacation for elementary, middle and high schools normally starts on the second week of June and lasts until the first week of September included, for a total of three months. For kindergartens, summer vacation starts at the end of May and lasts until the first week of September. Final term examinations for middle school and high school are held until the end of June.
Jamaica[edit]
In Jamaica, summer holidays for primary and secondary schools starts in the first week of July and ends in the first week of September which gives a duration of about eight weeks.
These schools also have term breaks at Christmas (typically two weeks) and Easter (typically one and a half weeks), as well as mid-term breaks of a few days each usually around National Heroes Day in the Christmas (First) Term, Ash Wednesday in the Easter (Second) Term and Labour Day in the Summer (Third) term.
At the start of each year The Ministry of Education provides dates for each term and suggested dates for mid-term breaks for primary and secondary schools. These dates might be adjusted based on circumstance such as the loss of teaching time caused by the passage of a hurricane.
Tertiary institutions using the semester system typically have summer holidays starting in May (at the end of examinations) and ending in early September. This can, however, vary among institutions.
Japan[edit]
In Japan, the summer vacation generally lasts from late July to early September, and due to the way education in Japan is structured, it takes place within a school year.
Jordan[edit]
In Jordan, summer vacation lasts almost 3 months and most schools take summer vacation from mid-June to mid-September.
Kuwait[edit]
In Kuwait, summer vacation for elementary and middle school, [1st to 9th grade] starts at the end of May or at the beginning of June and ends at mid to late September, sometimes as far as early October. For high school students, [10th to 12th grade] it starts on June 19–20 and ends at the same time as elementary and middle school.
Lebanon[edit]
In Lebanon, summer vacation lasts almost 3 months and most schools take summer vacation from mid-June to mid-September.
Libya[edit]
In Libya, summer break lasts from the beginning or the middle of June until the middle of September (3 Months – 14 Weeks). There are 5 other smaller vacations : Mid-year two-week break around February and two Hijri Lunar calendar 3-Day religious breaks for Eid Fitr (25 June in 217) and Eid Adha (1 Sept in 2017).
Lithuania[edit]
In Lithuania, summer vacation starts in June 1 and ends on September 1 with the start of a new school year (3 months).
Luxembourg[edit]
In Luxembourg, summer vacation starts on July 16 and ends on September 15, lasting a total of two months. There are 5 other smaller vacations : All Saints (1 week), Christmas (2 weeks), Carnival (1 week), Easter (2 weeks), Pentecost (1 week).
Macedonia[edit]
In Macedonia, the summer vacation starts on June 10 and ends on September 1 in every school.
Malta[edit]
In Malta, the summer holidays usually last from the end of June until the end of September (3 months).
Moldova[edit]
In Moldova, summer vacation begins on 1 June and ends in 1 September (3 months).
Morocco[edit]
In Morocco, summer vacation lasts from June 20 until the beginning of September (2 months).
Mexico[edit]
In Mexico, summer vacation starts in early July and finishes in mid-August since 2000. In addition, Mexican children get two or three weeks off for Christmas and New Year (from the third Thursday in December to January 7), and two weeks off in March or April for Spring Break (from the Friday before lazarus Saturday to the Monday after Easter Monday).
However, high school students (from tenth to twelfth grade) and college students have mostly three months of vacation -from late May or early June to early August. Like elementary and middle school students, high school students have in addition two weeks off for Christmas and New Year, and two weeks off in March or April for Spring Break. Moreover, college students get four weeks off for Christmas and New Year (from mid-December to mid-January) but only one week of Spring Break.
Mongolia[edit]
In Mongolia, summer vacation usually starts from late May or early June (varies between schools) to the end of August. The school year is divided into 4 terms lasting 8 to 9 weeks each and students take 1 week off after the first and second terms and 2 weeks after the third term.
Nepal[edit]
In Nepal, summer vacation runs from the end of May to the end of July.
Netherlands[edit]
In the Netherlands, summer vacation is about 6 weeks for primary school children, usually from mid-July to late August. There are 3 regions north, central and south.school students officially get the same time off but there often is a one-week period before the vacation dring which the student will only have to go to school for 2 days to receive their grade lists and bring back their books making the holiday 7 weeks unofficially for secondary school children. However, this does not apply to every school.
New Zealand[edit]
In New Zealand, the school holidays (the term used, rather than "vacation") typically start in mid-December, and end in late January, which is usually 6 weeks.[10] Senior secondary school students in Year 11, 12 and 13 finish in late-October for study leave. But the summer holidays still do not start until mid-December. And university students don't start until early March and finish in late-October. Throughout the year there are 2 week breaks at Easter, in July and in September.
Nigeria[edit]
In Nigeria, primary and secondary Schools usually start Summer vacation in mid-July and resume in the early weeks of September. The vacation is also known as the "3rd-term holiday" and it is the longest break in a school year (typically up to two months). The "first-term break" starts between one and two weeks prior to Christmas and ends the first or second week in January, lasting for about three weeks. The "first-term break" is usually the shortest break in a school year. The "second-term break" usually starts a week before Easter and lasts for another three weeks. This gives a total of about 14 weeks of holiday in a year. The geographical location of the school is also a factor.
Tertiary institutions follow a different pattern, as the holiday in each school depends on various factors which include, the Course of study and the academic calendar of the school. Some tertiary institutions observe their Summer breaks in the normal summer period when elementary and high schools observe theirs, while others don't. Some courses of study also don't observe any significant holidays, such programmes include Engineering, Nursing, Medicine and a few others. This is usually as a result of students doing their laboratory work, workshop practice, Practicals, Internship etc. (as the case may be), while the other students in other programmes are on holiday. Tertiary schools observe two semesters; while some schools observe a break after the first semester, many others have their breaks combined to just the summer holidays. This long break helps the students get good jobs during the holiday. The total length of break observed in tertiary institutions in a year is 12 to 14 weeks.
Norway[edit]
In Norway, summer vacation typically lasts from mid June to mid August, for a minimum of 8 weeks. In the upper secondary schools, the exam period starts in late May and ends the last or second last day before summer break. Norwegian students also have about two weeks of vacation from late December until early January, as well as a "winter break", an "easter break" and days off associated with the feast of ascension (typically in late May), 1 May and 17 May (the Norwegian Constitution Day).
Oman[edit]
In Oman, summer vacation starts in late May and ends in early September (3 months).
Pakistan[edit]
In Pakistan, Summer vacation lasts for two to three months depending on the type of school (public or private). Typical summer vacation is from the end of May to mid-August.[11] Many private schools are also open in June and July for 8th to 10th grades under the programmes called "summer camps".
Panama[edit]
In Panama, summer vacation starts in early December on both types of school (public or private), and ends in late February. (3 months)
Paraguay[edit]
In Paraguay, summer holidays start in December and end in late February (2 months).
Philippines[edit]
In the Philippines, summer holidays for kindergarten, elementary, and high schools typically start on the third week of March and end in the first to third week of June. This coincides with the country's tropical dry season months from March to June. Colleges and universities, however, offer summer classes for students who wants to take advanced subjects or those who fail to pass the prerequisites for the next school year. School year begins in the first week of June, the start of Philippines' wet season.
Poland[edit]
In Poland, summer vacation starts on the first Saturday after June 20 and ends on the first weekday of September except Friday. Students usually spend 1–1.5 hours at school to pick up their report cards on their last day of school.
Portugal[edit]
In Portugal, summer vacation starts in mid-June, and finishes in the middle of September.
Russia[edit]
In Russia, summer vacation starts on May 25 with the end of an old school year (for 1st–8th and 10th grades) and ends on September 1 with the beginning of a new school year. For 9th and 11th grades, due to exams (EGE), the vacation starts in the middle (9th grade) or in the end (11th grade) of June.
Romania[edit]
In Romania, summer vacation starts in the penultimate week of June and ends on September 15 (3 months).
Saint Lucia[edit]
In Saint Lucia, summer vacation starts in early July and ends on the first Monday of September (6 weeks).
Saudi Arabia[edit]
In the school year 2016–2017 the summer break for Saudi Arabian students started from 25th of May till the 10th of September. This means it will be 110 days, 3 Months and a half
Serbia[edit]
In Serbia, the summer vacation starts around the ending of June, more precisely by the end of 2nd or 3rd week of June. Summer holiday ends on August 31. School officially starts on first working day of September (if September 1 is on Saturday or Sunday, starting of school is delayed until Monday). There are also several other holidays. Two day holiday in the first week of November, Three week holiday from December 31st to the third week of January and finally a two-week break during Easter.
Singapore[edit]
For primary school and secondary school students: Mid-November to early January (1 ½ months). New school year will start at early January. Also, there will be a 1-month holiday in June and 1 week holiday in March and September. Most secondary students are released mid or late October due to the annual national examinations for Secondary 4/5 students.
Slovakia[edit]
In Slovakia, summer break lasts from July 1 until September 1 (2 months and Constitution Day).[12]
Slovenia[edit]
In Slovenia, the final exams are usually taken from mid-May to mid-June (high schools) or in June (primary schools). Last day of school is June 24 and school −begins on September 1.
South Africa[edit]
In South Africa, summer holidays usually begin in early December and end in mid-January. Winter Break lasts from late June to early July, and there are 10 days of Easter holidays.
South Korea[edit]
In South Korea, summer vacation starts in late July and ends in mid-August. The South Korean summer vacation takes place within a school year, too. The winter vacation takes place the last week of December until the first week of February.
South Sudan[edit]
In South Sudan, summer vacation starts on December 21 and ends on March 19.
Spain[edit]
In Spain, the school year finishes in mid or late June and begins in mid-September. Vacation varies by region but often includes a family vacation within Spain to cooler temperatures in the north of Spain or south or east to the Mediterranean beaches.[13]
Suriname[edit]
In Suriname, summer vacation usually starts in mid-July and ends in late-August.[14] In 2012, a change of summer vacation was proposed by several legislators having summer vacation the same time as the Caribbean Community.[14] The proposed plan is summer vacation starts from mid-August and ends in early-October.[14]
Sweden[edit]
In Sweden, summer vacation is between the spring and autumn term. Normally it lasts from mid-June to late August (a minimum of 9–10 weeks, differs for each county). In Sweden, students end their term, either at a church or in their school, singing traditional summer songs like Den blomstertid nu kommer (normally only the first 2 verses).
The winter vacation is between the winter and late winter term. It normally lasts from late December until early January. It is normally 3 weeks long.
Children in elementary school until high school have a week of vacation in the autumn/winter term and also two weeks in the spring/summer term. The one in the autumn is called "Novemberlov" which means "November vacation/break" or "Höstlov" which means "Autumn vacation/break". The two in the spring/summer term is called "Sportlov" which means "Sport break/vacation" and "Påsklov" which means "Easter break/vacation".
Then on 1 May everyone is on vacation in whole Sweden. Also on 6 June, which is the Swedish National Day.
Switzerland[edit]
In Switzerland, summer vacation varies in each canton. As an example in Zürich, it lasts five weeks and between mid-July and mid-August.[15] In Ticino, it last about ten weeks between late June and early September. [16]
Syria[edit]
In Syria, summer vacation lasts 3 months. It starts mid June (for primary and secondary schools)and ends mid September. University students have a vacation from early July to early October. This varies 2 or 3 days by school or year . The mid-term holiday is usually a week long.
Taiwan[edit]
In Taiwan, summer vacation starts in early July (late June for University students) and ends in late August (mid-September for University students).
Thailand[edit]
In Thailand, summer vacation begins in late February to early March and ends in mid-May.
Trinidad and Tobago[edit]
Primary and Secondary Schools close the first Friday of July and open on the first Monday of September (giving students two months). This can vary a day or two by school or year. International schools are in link with the British, Canadian, or American systems.
Turkey[edit]
In Turkey, summer vacation starts in mid-June and ends in mid-September (3 months).
Tunisia[edit]
In Tunisia, summer vacation for the middle school (7th–9th grade) and high school starts on May 30 and ends on September 15. Primary schools are off to vacation on June 1 and end on September 15.
United Kingdom[edit]
In England and Wales, summer holidays for state schools usually last from the second half of July through to early September which gives a duration of six or seven weeks. In addition, all schools in England and Wales have three one-week-long half-term breaks for each of the three terms, one in the autumn term, one in the spring term and one in the summer term. State schools have two weeks off for Christmas and Easter, which brings the total number of weeks off for state school students per year to 13.
In Scotland, school summer holidays start in late June and last for about six or seven weeks, with most schools returning around August 17. In addition to summer holidays, Scottish schools have one week in October, two weeks at Christmas and two weeks at Easter. They also have a week off in Mid-February. They have two bank holidays in May/June, and one in September.
In Northern Ireland, most schools' summer vacation starts in late June and runs through to the beginning of September. Students doing exams (GCSE and A-Levels) often get "Study-Leave" from May and do the exams sometime in that month, or early June. Schools also have a two-week break for Christmas and Easter as well as several Bank Holidays as well as a week off for Mid Term in Mid February. Some schools, generally integrated, or Catholic, also get time off for St. Patrick's Day in March. Protestant schools don't usually get this day off.
In the United Kingdom, holiday dates for schools in the independent sector mostly differ from those of schools in the state sector and these differences typically take the form of an extra week's holiday at the beginning and end of each of the long vacations meaning four weeks for the Christmas and Easter breaks and eight to ten weeks for the summer break but variations in summer vacation length exist between the independent schools themselves. In addition, all schools in the United Kingdom have three week-long half-term breaks for each of the three terms including one in the autumn term at the end of October, one in the spring term in mid-February and one in the summer term in late May although these breaks do not always coincide with the state school breaks in Autumn ans Spring terms. The summer half term break is determined by the break in public exams at the end of May. Some universities grant an extended "Exam-Leave" to students which typically commences in early April, so as to give students a good number of weeks to prepare for the summer exam season which usually starts in mid to late May and finishes at the end of their final exam which usually takes place in early or mid-June. Final-year students at independent schools typically finish their time at their school the moment their final exam in the summer exam season finishes and as an encore a special event is usually arranged for late June by the school for the leavers and staff as a way of providing an opportunity for final farewells to be bid. The universities they go on to typically schedule their first term to commence in early October giving school leavers an extended summer break between their time of leaving school and starting at university.
United States[edit]
In the United States, summer vacation lasts two to three months. The dates vary depending on the location of the school district, with two major formats. One is from late June to early September (in most northern states), the other major format lasting from late May to mid August (in most southern and western states). (Excluding some districts, as some schools may end late June and begin early September).
Summer vacation or break lasts for about 12 weeks, starting anywhere from late May to late June, and ending anywhere from late August to Labor Day, the first Monday in September. This often depends on the region – for example, most schools in the Northeastern United States end in June and start the day after Labor Day, while the majority of schools in the Southern United States have schools end in May and start again in August.
The origins of the summer holiday break are often believed to be rooted in agriculture. It is widely believed that the school calendar follows the agrarian farming calendar because during the settlement of the United States, the nation primarily consisted of a farming population. This belief maintains that the current school calendar has a two to three-month break so that children could assume the necessary tasks of planting and harvesting crops. However, planting of most crops occurred in the spring and harvest occurred in the fall. Rural schools would often break for spring and fall seasons, but continue schooling throughout the summer.[17]
The modern school calendar has roots not on rural farms, but instead in urban cities.[citation needed] Multiple causes lead to the summer break known by modern American students. In fact, schools in the early 1800s held school throughout the summer. As schooling progressed through bureaucracy, society’s population growth and change, as well as improvements in technology, such as better transportation for students and air conditioned buildings, school calendars also changed.
Many citizens of upper and middle classes would vacation outside of the sweltering cities during the hot summers. If school continued into the summer months, families would no longer have time together for summer vacations.[18]
As school systems grew throughout the United States they became more aligned with college and university schedules, which already observed a break during summer. Breaks became more frequent as well. Original schools observed New Year’s Day, Easter, Fourth of July, Thanksgiving, and Christmas. The duration of breaks at these observances varied from school to school. More observances have been honored as time has passed, continually changing the school calendar.[19]
As the nation expanded and grew, the nation saw the need for an educated populace and more public schools were built. But the need for academic breaks from learning was always seen as necessary. Nineteenth century and early twentieth century belief regarded the brain as a muscle, and thought that too much work and strain on the brain could result in injury. Therefore, they believed that students should not receive too much education. This was particularly true of younger children whose minds were still developing.[20] As industrialism led to automation and wealth, and the nation recovered and expanded following the Civil War, leisure activity became more important to Americans. Leading advocates for play such as Henry Curtis[21] believed strongly that children were not having enough time for play. In addition to advocating playground equipment, Curtis also advocated that summer should be spent working with families in gardens, and going camping. Curtis was a large supporter of boy and girl scouts and encouraged children to engage in scouting during the summer. If children lived in the cities and were unable to go camping or tend to gardens, schools were a premier place for children to be, but the emphasis should be on learning lifelong skills; sewing, woodworking, crafts, and manual labor.[22]
Uruguay[edit]
In Uruguay, summer holidays usually begin in early December, and finish in early March (3 months). Students have one week for Easter Holidays, another week for Spring Holidays, and two weeks for the Holiday season.
Venezuela[edit]
In Venezuela, summer holidays begin in late June or early July and end in late September or early October.
Vietnam[edit]
In Vietnam, summer holidays usually begins in early June or late May and lasts for two months. It's usually from June to August or late May to late July. Vietnamese students also have a week or two weeks off for Lunar New Year which is in late January or mid-February. Along with other holidays including but not limited to Independence Day (Vietnam) on September 2, International Labour Day and Reunification Day
See also[edit]
Summer camp
Summer school
School holiday
Academic term
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "School Year and Summer Vacation—History".
Jump up ^ Johns Hopkins University, Center for Summer Learning, Summer Learning Fact Sheet: Doesn't Every Child Deserve a Memorable Summer?
Jump up ^ Altman, Alex (19 June 2008). "A Brief History Of: Summer Vacation" – via www.time.com.
Jump up ^ Adrian, Harry (2 July 2010). "Vakantiebestemmingen – zonnige vakantielanden". www.zonvakantie.com. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Bolivia Education. Bolivia School. Education in Bolivia. School in Bolivia.".
Jump up ^ "Ваканции и неучебни дни за учебната 2016/2017 година". Министерство на образованието и науката (in Bulgarian). Министерство на образованието и науката.
Jump up ^ Parlament České republiky (2004-09-24). "Zákon 561/2004 Sb. o předškolním, základním, středním, vyšším odborném a jiném vzdělávání (školský zákon): § 24 Školní rok". Ministerstvo vnitra České republiky. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ "School holidays Ireland".
Jump up ^ "New Zealand Public Holidays, School Holidays, Special Events and Daylight Saving Dates".
Jump up ^ School Summer holidays 2015 in Pakistan ApniMarzi.com (2015-04-13)
Jump up ^ Národná rada Slovenskej republiky (2008-07-02). "Zákon 245/2008 Z.z. o výchove a vzdelávaní (školský zákon): § 150 Organizácia školského roka". Ministerstvo spravodlivosti Slovenskej republiky. Retrieved 2014-06-09.
Jump up ^ "Spain summer holidays guide".
^ Jump up to: a b c "Surinamese mull school vacation change".
Jump up ^ CH--Bern, psc Informatik,. "Schulferien Stadt Zürich 2017". www.feiertagskalender.ch.
Jump up ^ CH--Bern, psc Informatik,. "Schulferien Kanton Tessin 2017". www.feiertagskalender.ch.
Jump up ^ Lieszkovszky, Ida. "Six Reasons Students Get Summer Off (And The Agrarian Calendar Isn’t One of Them)". National Public Radio. Retrieved March 10, 2014.
Jump up ^ Gold, Kenneth (Spring 2002). "From vacation to Summer School: The Transformation of Summer Education in New York City, 1894–1915". History of Education Quarterly. 42 (1). |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Gold, Kenneth (2002). Schools In: The History of Summer Education in American Public Schools. New York: Lang Publishing. ISBN 0-8204-5657-8.
Jump up ^ Weiss, Joel; Robert S. Brown (December 2003). "Telling Tales Over Time: Constructing and Deconstructing the School Calendar". Teachers College Record. 105 (9). |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Henry Curtis
Jump up ^ Curtis, Henry (1923). "The Summer Vacation". Child Welfare Magazine. 17 (11): 471. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
[show]
v
t
e
Holidays, observances, and celebrations in Algeria
January
New Year's Day (1)
Yennayer (14)
February
Valentine's Day (14)
Tafsut (28)
March
International Women's Day (8)
Victory Day (19)
World Water Day (22)
Maghrebi Blood Donation Day (30)
Spring vacation (2 last weeks)
April
April Fools' Day (1)
Knowledge Day (16)
Berber Spring (20)
Earth Day (22)
Election Day (Thursday)
May
International Workers' Day (1)
World Press Freedom Day (3)
Mother's Day (last Sunday)
June–July–August
Summer vacation (varies)
June
Children's Day (1)
Father's Day (21)
July
Independence Day (5)
September
International Day of Peace (21)
October
International Day of Non-Violence (2)
Halloween (31)
November
Revolution Day (1)
December
Christmas Eve (24)
Christmas (25)
New Year's Eve (31)
Winter vacation (2 last weeks)
Varies (year round)
Hijri New Year's Day (Muharram 1)
Ashura (Muharram 10)
Mawlid (Rabi' al-Awwal 12)
Ramadan (Ramadan 1)
Laylat al-Qadr (Ramadan 27)
Eid al-Fitr (Shawwal 1)
Day of Arafah (Dhu al-Hijjah 9)
Eid al-Adha (Dhu al-Hijjah 10)
Holi (varies)
Bold indicates major holidays commonly celebrated in Algeria, which often represent the major celebrations of the month.
See also: Lists of holidays.
[show]
v
t
e
Holidays, observances, and celebrations in the United States
January
New Year's Day (federal)
Martin Luther King Jr. Day (federal)
Confederate Heroes Day (TX)
Fred Korematsu Day (CA, FL, HI, VA)
Idaho Human Rights Day (ID)
Inauguration Day (federal quadrennial, DC area)
Kansas Day (KS)
Lee–Jackson Day (formerly Lee–Jackson–King Day) (VA)
Robert E. Lee Day (FL, GA)
Stephen Foster Memorial Day (36)
The Eighth (LA, former federal)
January–February
Super Bowl Sunday
February
American Heart Month
Black History Month
Washington's Birthday/Presidents' Day (federal)
Valentine's Day
Georgia Day (GA)
Groundhog Day
Lincoln's Birthday (CA, CT, IL, IN, MO, NJ, NY, WV)
National Girls and Women in Sports Day
National Freedom Day (36)
Primary Election Day (WI)
Ronald Reagan Day (CA)
Rosa Parks Day (CA, MO)
Susan B. Anthony Day (CA, FL, NY, WI, WV, proposed federal)
February–March
Mardi Gras
Ash Wednesday (religious)
Courir de Mardi Gras (religious)
Super Tuesday
March
Irish-American Heritage Month
National Colon Cancer Awareness Month
Women's History Month
St. Patrick's Day (religious)
Spring break (week)
Casimir Pulaski Day (IL)
Cesar Chavez Day (CA, CO, TX, proposed federal)
Evacuation Day (Suffolk County, MA)
Harriet Tubman Day (NY)
Holi (NY, religious)
Mardi Gras (AL (in two counties), LA)
Maryland Day (MD)
National Poison Prevention Week (week)
Prince Jonah Kūhiō Kalanianaʻole Day (HI)
Saint Joseph's Day (religious)
Seward's Day (AK)
Texas Independence Day (TX)
Town Meeting Day (VT)
March–April
Easter (religious)
Palm Sunday (religious)
Passover (religious)
Good Friday (CT, NC, PR, religious)
Easter Monday (religious)
April
Confederate History Month
420 Day
April Fools' Day
Arbor Day
Confederate Memorial Day (AL, FL, MS, SC)
Days of Remembrance of the Victims of the Holocaust (week)
Earth Day
Emancipation Day (DC)
Thomas Jefferson's Birthday (AL)
Pascua Florida (FL)
Patriots' Day (MA, ME)
San Jacinto Day (TX)
Siblings Day
Walpurgis Night (religious)
May
Asian Pacific American Heritage Month
Jewish American Heritage Month
Memorial Day (federal)
Mother's Day (36)
Cinco de Mayo
Harvey Milk Day (CA)
Law Day (36)
Loyalty Day (36)
Malcolm X Day (CA, IL, proposed federal)
May Day
Military Spouse Day
National Day of Prayer (36)
National Defense Transportation Day (36)
National Maritime Day (36)
Peace Officers Memorial Day (36)
Truman Day (MO)
June
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and
Transgender Pride Month
Father's Day (36)
Bunker Hill Day (Suffolk County, MA)
Carolina Day (SC)
Emancipation Day In Texas / Juneteenth (TX)
Flag Day (36, proposed federal)
Helen Keller Day (PA)
Honor America Days (3 weeks)
Jefferson Davis Day (AL, FL)
Kamehameha Day (HI)
Odunde Festival (Philadelphia, PA)
Senior Week (week)
West Virginia Day (WV)
July
Independence Day (federal)
Lā Hoʻihoʻi Ea (HI, unofficial)
Parents' Day (36)
Pioneer Day (UT)
July–August
Summer vacation
August
American Family Day (AZ)
Barack Obama Day (IL)
Bennington Battle Day (VT)
Hawaii Admission Day / Statehood Day (HI)
Lyndon Baines Johnson Day (TX)
National Aviation Day (36)
Service Reduction Day (MD)
Victory over Japan Day (RI, former federal)
Women's Equality Day (36)
September
Prostate Cancer Awareness Month
Labor Day (federal)
California Admission Day (CA)
Carl Garner Federal Lands Cleanup Day (36)
Constitution Day (36)
Constitution Week (week)
Defenders Day (MD)
Gold Star Mother's Day (36)
National Grandparents Day (36)
National Payroll Week (week)
Native American Day (CA, TN, proposed federal)
Patriot Day (36)
September–October
Hispanic Heritage Month
Oktoberfest
Rosh Hashanah (religious)
Yom Kippur (religious)
October
Breast Cancer Awareness Month
Disability Employment Awareness Month
Filipino American History Month
LGBT History Month
Columbus Day (federal)
Halloween
Alaska Day (AK)
Child Health Day (36)
General Pulaski Memorial Day
German-American Day
Indigenous Peoples' Day (VT)
International Day of Non-Violence
Leif Erikson Day (36)
Missouri Day (MO)
National School Lunch Week
Native American Day (SD)
Nevada Day (NV)
Sweetest Day
White Cane Safety Day (36)
October–November
Diwali (religious)
November
Native American Indian Heritage Month
Veterans Day (federal)
Thanksgiving (federal)
Day after Thanksgiving (24)
Election Day (CA, DE, HI, KY, MT, NJ, NY, OH, PR, WV, proposed federal)
Family Day (NV)
Hanukkah (religious)
Lā Kūʻokoʻa (HI, unofficial)
Native American Heritage Day (MD, WA)
Obama Day (Perry County, AL)
December
Christmas (religious, federal)
Alabama Day (AL)
Christmas Eve (KY, NC, SC)
Day after Christmas (KY, NC, SC, TX)
Festivus
Hanukkah (religious, week)
Indiana Day (IN)
Kwanzaa (religious, week)
National Pearl Harbor Remembrance Day (36)
New Year's Eve
Pan American Aviation Day (36)
Rosa Parks Day (OH, OR)
Wright Brothers Day (36)
Varies (year round)
Eid al-Adha (religious)
Eid al-Fitr (religious)
Ramadan (religious, month)
Legend:
(federal) = federal holidays, (state) = state holidays, (religious) = religious holidays, (week) = weeklong holidays, (month) = monthlong holidays, (36) = Title 36 Observances and Ceremonies
Bold indicates major holidays commonly celebrated in the United States, which often represent the major celebrations of the month.
See also: Lists of holidays, Hallmark holidays, public holidays in the United States, New Jersey, New York, Puerto Rico and the United States Virgin Islands.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Summer_vacation&oldid=802173457"
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Trivia Crack
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (June 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Trivia Crack
Trivia Crack logo
Developer(s)
Etermax
Publisher(s)
Etermax
Director(s)
Maximo Cavazzani (CEO and Founder of Etermax)
Platform(s)
iOS
Android
Windows Phone Facebook
Release
iOS
October 26, 2013
Android
October 26, 2013
Amazon App Store
May 17, 2014
Windows Phone
September 18, 2014
Genre(s)
Trivia
Mode(s)
Multiplayer
[edit on Wikidata]
Trivia Crack (original Spanish name: Preguntados) is a mobile app that allows users to compete against friends and people around the world. Modeled after popular games such as Trivial Pursuit, it became the most downloaded game in December 2014 from the Apple App store.[1] The game initially launched on October 26, 2013, specifically to Latin America and was later translated into English.[2]
The game is developed by the company Etermax, whose offices are located in Buenos Aires, Argentina. It is available as an app on iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Facebook, and the Amazon App Store,[3] and is available in more than 15 languages.
Contents
[hide]
1 Gameplay
2 Free spins
3 Power-ups and coins
4 Lives
5 Freebies
6 Trivia Rush
7 References
8 External links
Gameplay[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The game's questions are based on 6 knowledge categories: Entertainment, Art, Sports, History, Science and Geography.[4] The game has 6 cartoonish iconic characters, one to represent each category (for example, a globe to represent the Geography category). The objective of a Classic-mode game is to answer questions correctly and in doing so, obtain all 6 characters before one's opponent does. In the Classic and Challenge (not to be confused with the Challenge during a classic game) modes, the time limit to answer the given question is 20 seconds, while it is 10 seconds in Trivia Rush.
A player may start a new game by pressing the New Game button on the app. They can choose to play against one of their Facebook friends, a friend they have, or they can play against a random opponent. The player starts with 6 empty slots, one to store each of the characters, and an empty 3-slot "crown gauge." The player tries to populate the crown gauge by spinning a wheel and correctly answering the presented question. The player will repeat this as long as they answer questions correctly or obtains all 6 characters and wins the game. If the player answers a question incorrectly, their turn is over and control of the game is passed to their opponent. The first player cannot get more than 3 characters in the first round, so if the third character is obtained in the first player's first turn the turn ends. The second player can get all 6 characters in the first round.
It is also possible to play against any other user of Trivia Crack, even if you or they are not on Facebook, by using the search function and entering a user name. The player will be given a list of user names that are a full or partial match that updates as they type.
The wheel consists of 7 slots: 6 category slots (one for each knowledge category), and a 7th special "crown" slot. The player spins the wheel and is then presented with a 4-choice question that is based on the category the wheel lands on. Each time the player answers a question correctly, one slot in the crown gauge is filled. The player has a chance to obtain a character anytime the 3-slot crown gauge is filled by either landing on categories and answering questions correctly 3 times, or by landing on the "crown" slot, which automatically fills the crown gauge and immediately grants the opportunity to obtain a character.
Each time the player gains the opportunity to obtain a character, they are asked which way they wish to try for it: the "crown" method or the "challenge" method. If the player chooses the crown method, they are asked to choose which category-based character to try for from a list of characters they have not yet obtained. The player will be presented with a question from the category associated with the character. If the question is answered correctly, the player wins that character and either continues trying for the remaining unattained characters, or wins the game after obtaining all 6 characters. The player can also choose the "challenge" method, which gives them an opportunity to steal a character from his opponent, but in doing so must bet one of their own characters. In challenge mode, the player is given a series of 6 questions in a row to answer (correctly or incorrectly), then their opponent is given the same questions. If the challenger answers more questions correctly, they are able to steal a character from their opponent. If the challenger loses the challenge, they also lose the character they bet. If there is a tie, the defending player receives an extra question, in which the winner of the challenge is dependant on whether the defender answers the question correctly.
A game is over after either one of the players obtains all 6 characters, making them the winner, or a total of 25 rounds have been played. A round is completed each time both players play their turns until they answer a question incorrectly. If 25 rounds are played and neither player has obtained all 6 characters, the player with the most characters will be the winner. If both players have the same number of characters, a 6-question challenge will be presented to each player, and the winner will be the one that answers the most questions. If both players tie the challenge, the player that initially started the game will be the winner.[5]
It is possible for a given player to have multiple games in progress at a time. The app's main screen will show the player which games are currently waiting for them to play their turn, which games are waiting for the other player to play their turn, finished games that the player won or lost, games awaiting a Facebook friend's approval, or games a Facebook friend started that are awaiting the player's approval. Each game will list the score, that is, how many characters the player has and how many their opponent has.
When starting a game against a Facebook friend, the starting player will play their turns until they answer a question incorrectly, and the game will then be in a pending-approval status. Their Facebook-friend opponent can choose to accept or reject the game, and if they accept, game play continues normally until one of players obtains 6 characters or 25 rounds are completed. If a player chooses to start a game against a random opponent, the player will play their turn until they answer incorrectly, then will be randomly matched up with an opponent who has recently played his/her turns. If the starting player gets three characters without missing a question, the game will inform the player that they cannot get more than three characters before the opponent has a chance to play.
When a game's turn is passed to a player (from the opponent answering incorrectly), the game will wait up to 72 hours for that player to play their turn. If 72 hours pass and the player has not played his/her turns, the game will force the player to forfeit.
A challenge mode is also available. The player names the challenge and then invites friends to play. This will cost the player who started the game a life and all friends who accept the challenges one too. Each player is given the same 12 questions, 2 from each category. The winner is the player who gets the most questions right in the quickest time. The winner gets a set number of coins based on how many players have accepted the challenge.
Free spins[edit]
A newly created player starts with 3 "free spins." If a player spins the wheel and lands on a category they consider difficult, the player may use one of their free spins to spin the wheel again in the hopes of landing on a different category. If a player runs out of free spins, they can request more from their Facebook friends. Free spins are no longer purchaseable.
Power-ups and coins[edit]
The game makes three power-ups available; three in the standard game and two in "challenge mode," which players can use to help answer a question. Using a power-up costs coins, and each power-up costs a different amount. Coins can be obtained by either the player purchasing them, winning them in challenges/standard games, obtaining them by reaching certain game milestones, or by using a prize card from a gem machine.
(1.) Bomb: Using this power-up "blows away" (discards) two randomly selected wrong answers, narrowing the player's choices down to the correct answer and a remaining wrong answer.
(2.) Double Chance: If this power-up is used before guessing an answer, the player gets a second chance to pick the correct answer should they answer incorrectly the first time.
(3.) Skip: This allows the player to skip over a question to a new one in the same category.
In all cases, only one power-up can be used. Once a power-up is used, all power-ups are disabled until the player answers. If the player answers correctly, power-ups will be available for use for the next question. If the player answers incorrectly, power-ups will also be available in the next question, however whether or not the question is answered correctly, the cost and choice to use the power-up is final.
Lives[edit]
"Lives" serve as a mechanism to throttle how often new games can be started, and also provide an in-app revenue opportunity for the developer. Each time a player starts a game by pressing the New Game button, or accepts a Facebook friend's request to play against them, they are charged a Life. A player can have as many lives as they wish, and as they spend lives, the game will automatically replenish one life every hour, provided they are below 5 lives, until the player returns to a full charge of 5 lives. A heart icon on the app's main screen shows how many lives the player currently has, and if they have less than 5, a timer will also display that ticks down in real time to show how long until the next replenishment. If the player runs out of lives, they must wait for replenishment before they can start any new games or approve a new game started against them by a Facebook friend. A player who does not want to wait can either request lives from their Facebook friends, or can buy lives through an in-app purchase.
When the app is updated, players are offered the opportunity to buy unlimited lives.
Running out of lives does not affect games that are already in progress, and these games can continue to be played in the meantime when it becomes the player's turn.
A newly updated Trivia Crack allows players to replenish one life by watching a video. Watching ads are one of the ways this free mobile app makes money.
Freebies[edit]
A game update introduced freebies, where the player can collect free coins, lives, and gems. Initially, the player starts with 2 cards, which allows the player to collect 1 life and a coin. The game will then undergo a tutorial (unless skipped by the user) to claim another card for free. Answering 25 questions correctly (they do not have to be consecutive) awards the player with a gem, which they can spend to buy new cards. Cards are available in four rarities, Common, Aqua, Gold, and Black, and is representative of how great the card is. Three machines are available, using 1 Gem, 3 Gems, and 5 Gems per card. Machines do not have an unlimited number of cards; a number above the 'Push' button tells the user how many cards are remaining in the machine, and tapping the question mark beside the machine name will inform the user of how many of each rarity of card remains in the machine. Seasonal machines occasionally appear next to the three machines, and can be purchased at 1 or 2 Gems for the first card per day, then 5 Gems. In the mobile versions, a VIP machine is available, and only contains cards that the player has not yet acquired from seasonal machines, but the number of gems needed to obtain one of these cards does not stay the same, and increases in number as fewer cards remain in it. Duplicate cards can also be traded in with five duplicates giving a player per one gem in return for the exchange, with three trade-ins allowed every four hours. Once the player has collected the 5 obtainable cards in a set, the sixth card, a 'Prize Card', is unlocked, and is usually better than all of the other cards in the set. If the player has enough Gems, they can also opt to 'Push x9', to get nine cards from that machine.
Trivia Rush[edit]
A new game update introduced Trivia Rush, in which two players compete head-to-head in 5 questions for coins. A player chooses from 4 entry fees to compete with another player, then a computer-controlled wheel will choose a category for a question. The two players then compete to answer the questions - the winner is determined by the most questions correct out of 5, and wins slightly less than double the entry fee. In case of a tie, half of the winning prize is refunded, making Trivia Rush unprofitable or very slightly profitable in the long run.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "'Trivia Crack' the top download". Edmonton Sun. 16 December 2014. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Heim, Anna. "How Latin American mobile game Trivia Crack conquered the US market". The Next Web. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "TriviaCrack.com website". Etermax.
Jump up ^ Newcomb, Alyssa (31 December 2014). "Trivia Crack: Inside the Free Game Topping App Store Charts". ABC News. Retrieved 31 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "Rules". Etermax.
External links[edit]
Database with all answers to questions
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The Fly (1958 film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Fly
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Kurt Neumann
Produced by
Kurt Neumann
Robert L. Lippert (uncredited)
Screenplay by
James Clavell
Based on
short story The Fly
by George Langelaan
Starring
Al Hedison
Patricia Owens
Vincent Price
Herbert Marshall
Music by
Paul Sawtell
Cinematography
Karl Struss
Edited by
Merrill G. White
Production
company
20th Century Fox
Distributed by
20th Century Fox
Release date
August 29, 1958 (1958-08-29) (US)
Running time
93 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
between $325,000 [2] and $495,000[3]
Box office
$3 million[4][5]
The Fly is a 1958 American science fiction-body horror film in CinemaScope and Color by Deluxe from 20th Century Fox, produced and directed by Kurt Neumann, that stars David Hedison, Patricia Owens, Vincent Price, and Herbert Marshall. The screenplay by James Clavell was based on the 1957 short story of the same name by George Langelaan. The Fly was theatrically released on a double bill with Space Master X-7.[6]
The film tells the story of a scientist who is transformed into a grotesque creature after a common house fly enters unseen into a molecular transporter he is experimenting with, resulting in his atoms being combined with those of the insect, producing a human-fly hybrid. The film was followed by two sequels, Return of the Fly (1959) and Curse of the Fly (1965). It was remade in 1986 as a film of the same name by director David Cronenberg.
Contents
[hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Shooting
4 Reception
4.1 Box Office
5 Sequels and remake
6 See also
7 References
7.1 Bibliography
8 External links
Synopsis[edit]
In Montreal, Canada, scientist André Delambre (David Hedison) is found dead with his head and arm crushed in a hydraulic press. Although his wife Hélène (Patricia Owens) confesses to the crime, she refuses to provide a motive, and begins acting strangely. In particular, she is obsessed with flies, including a supposedly white-headed fly. André's brother, François (Vincent Price), lies and says he caught the white-headed fly; and, thinking he knows the truth, Hélène explains the circumstances surrounding André's death.
In flashback, André, Hélène, and their son Philippe (Charles Herbert) are a happy family. André has been working on a matter transporter device called the disintegrator-integrator. He initially tests it only on small inanimate objects, such as a newspaper, but he then proceeds to living creatures, including the family's pet cat (which fails to reintegrate, but can be heard meowing somewhere) and a guinea pig. After he is satisfied that these tests are succeeding, he builds a man-sized pair of chambers. One day, Hélène, worried because André has not come up from the basement lab for a couple of days, goes down to find André with a black cloth over his head and a strange deformity on his left hand. Communicating with typed notes only, André tells Hélène that he tried to transport himself but that a fly was caught in the chamber with him, which resulted in the mixing of their atoms. Now, he has the head and left arm of a fly; and the fly has his miniature head and left arm, though he keeps his mind.
André needs Hélène to capture the fly so he can reverse the process. Although she expends great effort in her search, she cannot find it and André's will begins to fade as the fly's instincts take over his brain. Time is running out, and while André can still think like a human, he smashes the equipment, burns his notes, and leads Hélène to the factory. When they arrive, he sets the hydraulic press and motions for Hélène to push the button. She activates the press twice - once to crush his head and once to crush his left arm.
Upon hearing this confession, the chief detective on the case, Inspector Charas (Herbert Marshall), deems Hélène insane and guilty of murder. As they are about to haul her away, Philippe tells François he's seen the fly trapped in a web in the back garden. François convinces the inspector to come and see for himself. The two men see the fly, trapped in the web, with both André's head and arm. It screams "Help me! Help me!" as a large brown spider advances on it. Just as the spider is about to devour the creature, Charas crushes them both with a rock. Knowing that nobody would believe the truth, he and François decide to declare André's death a suicide so that Hélène is not convicted of murder. In the end, Hélène, François, and Philippe resume their daily lives, Sometime later, Philippe and Hélène are playing croquet in the yard. François arrives to take his nephew to the zoo. In reply to his nephew's query about his father's death, François tells Philippe, "He was searching for the truth. But for one instant, he was careless. The search for the truth is the most important work in the whole world and the most dangerous". The film closes with Hélène escorting her son and François out of the yard.
Cast[edit]
David Hedison (credited as Al Hedison) as André Delambre
Patricia Owens as Hélène Delambre
Vincent Price as François Delambre
Herbert Marshall as Inspector Charas
Kathleen Freeman as Emma
Betty Lou Gerson as Nurse Anderson
Charles Herbert as Philippe Delambre
Eugene Borden as Dr. Éjoute
Torben Meyer as Gaston
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
Director Kurt Neumann discovered the story in Playboy magazine.[7] He showed it to Robert L. Lippert, head of Fox's subsidiary B-movie studio Regal Pictures. The film would be made by Lippert's outfit but was released as an "official" Fox film, not under the less prestigious Regal banner. [2][8].
Lippert hired James Clavell to adapt George Langelaan's short story on the strength of a previous sci-fi spec script at RKO which had never been produced.[2] It would become Clavell's first filmed screenplay. Harry Spalding recalled the script was "the best first draft I ever saw, it needed very little work."[9]
The adaptation remained largely faithful to Langelaan's story, apart from moving its setting from France to Canada, and crafting a happier ending by eliminating Hélène's suicide.[10]
Casting[edit]
Lippert tried to cast Michael Rennie and Rick Jason in the role of André Delambre, before settling on then mostly-unknown David Hedison (billed as "Al Hedison" on-screen.)[2] Hedison's "Fly" costume featured a twenty-pound fly's head, about which he said: "Trying to act in it was like trying to play the piano with boxing gloves on".[11] Hedison was never happy with the makeup, but Makeup Director Ben Nye Sr. remained very positive about his work, writing years later that despite doing many subsequent science fiction films, "I never did anything as sophisticated or original as The Fly".[12]
Years later, Vincent Price recalled the cast finding some levity during the filming: "We were playing this kind of philosophical scene, and every time that little voice [of the fly] would say ‘Help me! Help me!’ we would just scream with laughter. It was terrible. It took us about 20 takes to finally get it".[12]
Shooting[edit]
Sources vary as to the budget, with one source giving it as $350,000,[13] another as $325,000 [2] and others as high as $495,000[3]. The shoot lasted 18 days in total.[12] Lippert said the budget was $480,000.[14]
It was photographed in 20th Century Fox's trademarked CinemaScope and Color by Deluxe. A $28,000 laboratory set was constructed from army surplus equipment.[13]
The Fly was released in July 1958 by 20th Century Fox as a double feature with Space Master X-7. Director Kurt Neumann died only a few weeks after its premier, never realizing he had made the biggest hit of his career.[2]
Reception[edit]
The Fly received mixed-to-positive reviews upon its initial release, with critic Ivan Butler calling it "the most ludicrous, and certainly one of the most revolting science-horror films ever perpetrated," and Carlos Clarens offering some praise for the effects but concluding that the film "collapses under the weight of many... questions".[2] New York Times critic Howard Thompson was more positive, writing "It does indeed contain, briefly, two of the most sickening sights one casual swatter-wielder ever beheld on the screen... Otherwise, believe it or not, "The Fly" happens to be one of the better, more restrained entries of the "shock" school... Even with the laboratory absurdities, it holds an interesting philosophy about man's tampering with the unknown."[15]
Modern criticism has been more uniformly positive. Cinefantastique's Steve Biodrowski declared, "the film, though hardly a masterpiece, stands in many ways above the level of B-movie science fiction common in the 1950s."[12] Critic Steven H. Scheuer praised it as a "superior science-fiction thriller with a literate script for a change, plus good production effects and capable performances."[12] Culture Mag writer Christopher Stewardson gave the film 3.5/5.[16] The Fly was nominated for the 1959 Hugo Award for Best SF or Fantasy Movie at the 17th World Science Fiction Convention. It holds a 95% "Fresh" rating on Rotten Tomatoes,[17] The film has also received four out of five stars on Allmovie.
Box Office[edit]
The film was a commercial success, grossing $3 million at the domestic box office[4] against a budget of less than $500,000,[3] and becoming one of the biggest hits of the year for Fox studios.[2][12] It earned $1.7 million in theatrical rentals.[18] Lippert claimed it earned $4 million.[14]
The film's financial success had the side-effect of boosting co-star Vincent Price (whose previous filmography featured only scattered forays into genre film) into a major horror star. Price himself was positive about the film, saying, decades later, "I thought THE FLY was a wonderful film – entertaining and great fun."[12]
American Film Institute Lists
AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills - Nominated
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:
"Help me! Help me!" - Nominated
Sequels and remake[edit]
The film spawned two sequels, Return of the Fly in 1959 and Curse of the Fly in 1965. There was also a remake of the same name in 1986 directed by David Cronenberg, which itself had a sequel, 1989's The Fly II.[10]
The success of the film encouraged Lippert to hire Clavell to make his directorial debut with Five Gates to Hell (1959).
See also[edit]
1950s portal
List of American films of 1958
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "THE FLY (X)". British Board of Film Classification. July 7, 1958. Retrieved October 20, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Smith, Richard Harland. "The Fly (1958)". TCM (Turner Classic Movies). Retrieved 24 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Solomon, Aubrey. Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History (The Scarecrow Filmmakers Series). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-8108-4244-1. p251
^ Jump up to: a b Box Office Information for The Fly. Internet Movie Database. Retrieved March 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ "TMe: Box Office Tops from 1950-1959". Teako170.com. Retrieved 2017-01-03.
Jump up ^ Warren, Bill (January 12, 2017). "Keep Watching the Skies!: American Science Fiction Movies of the Fifties, The 21st Century Edition". McFarland – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ Dexter, Maury (2012). Highway to Hollywood (PDF). p. 99.
Jump up ^ McGee, Mark Thomas (28 February 2014). Talk's Cheap, Action's Expensive - The Films of Robert L. Lippert. BearManor Media. ISBN 978-1593935580.
Jump up ^ Weaver, Tom (19 February 2003). Double Feature Creature Attack: A Monster Merger of Two More Volumes of Classic Interviews. McFarland. p. 323.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Fly (1958) - Articles - TCM.com". Turner Classic Movies.
Jump up ^ Vieira, p. 172
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Biodrowski, Steve. "The Fly (1958) – A Retrospective)". Cinefantastique. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Vieira, Mark A. (2003). Hollywood Horror: From Gothic to Cosmic. New York: Harry N. Abrams, Inc. p. 173. ISBN 0-8109-4535-5.
^ Jump up to: a b Ryon, A. (1962, Sep 23). Third-run film king tells industry's woes. Los Angeles Times (1923-Current File) Retrieved from https://search-proquest-com.ezproxy.sl.nsw.gov.au/docview/168195832?accountid=13902
Jump up ^ Thompson, Howard (30 August 1958). "The Screen: Hair-Raiser; The Fly' Is New Bill at Local Theatres". The New York Times. Retrieved 24 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Stewardson, Christopher. "Review: The Fly (1958)". ourculturemag.com. Our Culture Mag. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Fly".
Jump up ^ Solomon, Aubrey. Twentieth Century Fox: A Corporate and Financial History (The Scarecrow Filmmakers Series). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press, 1989. ISBN 978-0-8108-4244-1. p227
Bibliography[edit]
Warren, Bill. Keep Watching the Skies, American Science Fiction Movies of the 50s, Vol. II: 1958 - 1962. Jefferson, North Carolina: McFarland & Company, 1986. ISBN 0-89950-032-3.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Fly (1958 film)
The Fly at the American Film Institute Catalog
The Fly on IMDb
The Fly at the TCM Movie Database
The Fly at AllMovie
The Fly at Rotten Tomatoes
[show]
v
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e
The Fly
Original series
The Fly (1958)
Return of the Fly (1959)
Curse of the Fly (1965)
Remake series
The Fly (1986)
The Fly II (1989)
Other
Opera
Short story
George Langelaan
[show]
v
t
e
Works by James Clavell
The Asian Saga
King Rat (1962)
Tai-Pan (1966)
Shōgun (1975)
Noble House (1981)
Whirlwind (1986)
Gai-Jin (1993)
Escape: The Love Story from Whirlwind (1994)
Films directed
Five Gates to Hell (1959)
Walk Like a Dragon (1960)
To Sir, with Love (1966)
The Sweet and the Bitter (1967)
Where's Jack? (1968)
The Last Valley (1971)
The Children's Story (1982) (TV)
Scripts
The Fly (1958)
Watusi (1959)
The Great Escape (1963)
633 Squadron (1964)
The Satan Bug (1965)
Other writings
The Children's Story (1964)
The Art of War (1983)
Thrump-O-Moto
Adaptations
King Rat (1965)
Shōgun (1980) (TV)
Tai-Pan (1986)
Noble House (1988)
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by Kurt Neumann
El Tenorio del harem (1931)
Fast Companions (1932)
My Pal, the King (1932)
The Big Cage (1933)
Secret of the Blue Room (1933)
King for a Night (1933)
Let's Talk It Over (1934)
Half a Sinner (1934)
Wake Up and Dream (1934)
Alias Mary Dow (1935)
The Affair of Susan (1935)
Let's Sing Again (1936)
Rainbow on the River (1936)
Espionage (1937)
Make a Wish (1937)
That Navy Spirit (1937)
Wide Open Faces (1938)
Generals of Tomorrow (1938)
Ambush (1939)
Unmarried (1939)
Island of Lost Men (1939)
All Women Have Secrets (1939)
Ellery Queen, Master Detective (1940)
A Night at Earl Carroll's (1940)
Brooklyn Orchid (1942)
Fall In (1942)
The McGuerins from Brooklyn (1942)
Taxi, Mister (1943)
Yanks Ahoy (1943)
The Unknown Guest (1943)
Tarzan and the Amazons (1945)
Tarzan and the Leopard Woman (1946)
Tarzan and the Huntress (1947)
The Dude Goes West (1948)
Bad Men of Tombstone (1949)
Bad Boy (1949)
Two Knights from Brooklyn (1949)
The Kid from Texas (1950)
Rocketship X-M (1950)
Cattle Drive (1951)
Reunion in Reno (1951)
Son of Ali Baba (1952)
The Ring (1952)
Hiawatha (1952)
Tarzan and the She-Devil (1953)
Regina Amstetten (1954)
Carnival Story (1954)
Circus of Love (1954)
They Were So Young (1954)
Drei vom Varieté (1954)
The Star of Rio (1955)
Mohawk (1956)
The Desperados Are in Town (1956)
She Devil (1957)
Kronos (1957)
The Deerslayer (1957)
The Fly (1958)
Machete (1958)
Watusi (1959)
Counterplot (1959)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
GND: 1043663398
VIAF: 305888159
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Fly_(1958_film)&oldid=837308327"
Categories:
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The Fly
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1950s science fiction horror films
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French-language films
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Screenplays by James Clavell
Films about insects
Films based on short fiction
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Films set in Montreal
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