text:
Jack Reynor
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Jack Reynor
Reynor in 2016
Born
(1992-01-23) 23 January 1992 (age 26)
Longmont, Colorado, United States
Nationality
Irish-American
Citizenship
Ireland, United States
Occupation
Actor
Years active
2000–present
Jack Reynor (born 23 January 1992) is an Irish-American actor. His notable roles include the lead in Lenny Abrahamson's film What Richard Did (2012), for which he won an IFTA Award for Best Film Actor; the blockbuster Transformers: Age of Extinction; Glassland, for which he won the World Cinema Dramatic Special Jury Award for Acting at the Sundance Film Festival; Macbeth; and Sing Street.
Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
5 Awards and nominations
6 References
7 External links
Early life[edit]
Reynor was born in Longmont, Colorado, and initially lived in Boulder with his mother, Tara, a native of Ireland.[1] When he was two years old, he moved with her to Valleymount, County Wicklow, Ireland.[1][2] He went to primary school in the local village and spent his formative years in the rural countryside with his mother and maternal grandparents, Pat and Damien Reynor.[3] His interest in acting began when he played an altar boy on the set of Country, directed by Kevin Liddy, in 1999. He moved to Dublin in 2004 to attend Belvedere College, a private Jesuit school, where he performed onstage in numerous theatrical productions.
Career[edit]
In early 2010, he was cast as Robbie, "the boy next door", in the live format, unscripted Dollhouse, directed by Kirsten Sheridan, which premiered at Berlinale 2012.[4] He depicted Richard Karlsen in Lenny Abrahamson's feature What Richard Did, which screened at the 2013 Tribeca Film Festival. The film portrays the fall of a high school rugby star and golden boy whose world unravels after his involvement in an act of careless violence. Reynor earned the Irish Film and Television Academy (IFTA) award for best actor in 2013 for his performance, which paved the way for his booking as a smiling barista in the DreamWorks comedy-drama Delivery Man opposite Vince Vaughn.
In January 2013, Reynor was cast as Shane, an Irish race car driver, in Transformers: Age of Extinction, the fourth film in the Transformers series.[5][6][7] The film was released in June 2014 and co-starred Mark Wahlberg and Nicola Peltz. He, Wahlberg and Peltz are contracted for three films, beginning a new Transformers trilogy. The feature shattered worldwide box office records, making just over $1.1 billion and becoming the highest grossing movie in Chinese history.[8]
Days after wrapping the T4 global press tour, Reynor travelled to London to shoot Andy Serkis' Netflix film, Mowgli, alongside Christian Bale, Cate Blanchett, and Benedict Cumberbatch. The feature uses cutting-edge facial recognition technology that has been specifically invented for the project. Also that year, Reynor starred in upcoming writer/director Gerard Barrett's film Glassland with Toni Collette and Will Poulter, in which he plays a young taxi driver who struggles to instill a sense of structure in his life while his mother suffers from severe alcoholism. The film was released early 2015 and earned Reynor the World Cinema Dramatic Special Jury Award for Acting at the Sundance Film Festival.[9] After Glassland, Reynor shot Julian Jarrold's romantic comedy, A Royal Night Out.[10] His role opposite Sarah Gadon was the character RAF airman Jack, the young Princess Elizabeth's fictional romantic interest during the V.E. Day celebrations in 1945.
Reynor starred with Michael Fassbender, Marion Cotillard, and David Thewlis as Malcolm Canmore,[11] the rightful heir to the throne, in The Weinstein Company's feature film Macbeth,[12] directed by Justin Kurzel, which earned an unprecedented ten-minute standing ovation at the Cannes Film Festival[13] and premiered in Edinburgh in September 2015. Following on from the Scottish Film, Reynor next completed shooting John Carney's project playing Brendan in Sing Street,[14] set in 1980s Dublin. It premiered at the 2016 Sundance Film Festival.
Personal life[edit]
Reynor has a younger brother and sister.[15] Reynor owns homes in Detroit, Los Angeles and Ireland. He is engaged to Irish fitness and fashion model Madeline Mulqueen.[16][17]
Filmography[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2000 Country Altar Boy
2010 Three Wise Women Colin TV movie
2012 Dollhouse Robbie
Chasing Leprechauns Tommy Riley TV movie
What Richard Did Richard Karlsen
Stella Michael Short
2013 Car Film Martin Short
Cold Rory
Delivery Man Josh
2014 Transformers: Age of Extinction Shane Dyson
Glassland John
2015 A Royal Night Out Jack
Macbeth Malcolm
2016 Sing Street Brendan Lawlor
Free Fire Harry
The Secret Scripture Michael McNulty
2017 The Man with the Iron Heart Jozef Gabčík
Detroit Demens
Philip K. Dick's Electric Dreams Brian Norton Episode: "Impossible Planet"
2018 Kin Jimmy Solinski
On the Basis of Sex Post-production
Strange Angel Jack Parsons Series regular
2019 Mowgli Brother Wolf Post-production
Midsommer Post-production
Awards and nominations[edit]
Film
Year
Nominated work
Award
Results
2013 What Richard Did London Critics Film Award for Young British or Irish Performer of the Year Nominated
2013 What Richard Did IFTA Award for Best Actor (Film) Won
2013 What Richard Did IFTA Rising Star Award Nominated
2015 Glassland Sundance Film Festival's World Cinema Dramatic Special Jury Award for Acting Won
2016 Sing Street IFTA Award for Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Film) Won
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Tara Brady, "Wandering Jack", The Irish Times, 8 December 1012
Jump up ^ Roe McDermott. "Interview". Hot Press. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Michelle Fleming (20 January 2013). "Jack Reynor: From his stage debut in a nativity 15 years ago, Wicklow actor's rise has been dizzying". Daily Mail. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Dollhouse: Berlin Film Review". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike. "Jack Reynor To Co-Star In 'Transformers 4', Michael Bay Says". Deadline.com. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jack Reynor Lands Starring Role in Transformers 4". The Hollywood Reporter. 8 January 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jack Reynor Takes Transformers 4 Lead". ComingSoon.net. 8 January 2013. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Variety T4 Chinese Box Office". The Guardian. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sundance Fims Festival 2015 Awards at www.sundance.org". sundance.org. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "A Royal Night Out details". IMDb. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Famous Scots – Malcolm Canmore". rampantscotland.com. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Macbeth 2015 details". Retrieved 10 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Revolver director Justin Kurzel's 'Macbeth' feature film closes 68th Cannes Film Festival". Campaign Brief Australia. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "IMDB Sing Street details". Retrieved 10 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Jack Reynor on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 9 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Irish actor Jack Reynor and model Madeline Mulqueen are engaged", Irish Independent, 12 March 2014.
Jump up ^ "Jack Reynor Engagement Party – Transformers star and fianceé Madeline Mulqueen hold a secret soirée in Dublin". evoke.ie. 27 May 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Jack Reynor.
Jack Reynor on IMDb
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNF: cb17073340c (data)
GND: 1100720448
ISNI: 0000 0004 3658 1548
LCCN: no2014156223
SUDOC: 180009052
VIAF: 310526156
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jack_Reynor&oldid=861020612"
Categories:
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The Nightmare Before Christmas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the film. For other uses, see The Nightmare Before Christmas (disambiguation).
The Nightmare Before Christmas
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Henry Selick
Produced by
Tim Burton
Denise Di Novi
Screenplay by
Caroline Thompson
Story by
Michael McDowell (adaptation)
Based on
Story and characters
by Tim Burton
Starring
Chris Sarandon
Danny Elfman
Catherine O'Hara
William Hickey
Glenn Shadix
Paul Reubens
Ken Page
Ed Ivory
Music by
Danny Elfman
Cinematography
Pete Kozachik
Edited by
Stan Webb
Production
companies
Touchstone Pictures1
Skellington Productions
Distributed by
Buena Vista Pictures
Release date
October 29, 1993 (1993-10-29)
Running time
76 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$18 million[2]
Box office
$76.2 million[3]
The Nightmare Before Christmas (also known as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas) is a 1993 American stop-motion animated musical dark fantasy film directed by Henry Selick, and produced and conceived by Tim Burton. It tells the story of Jack Skellington, a resident from "Halloween Town" who stumbles through a portal to "Christmas Town" and decides to celebrate the holiday, with some dastardly and comical consequences. Danny Elfman wrote the songs and score, and provided the singing voice of Jack. The principal voice cast also includes Chris Sarandon, Catherine O'Hara, William Hickey, Ken Page, Paul Reubens, and Glenn Shadix.
The Nightmare Before Christmas originated in a poem written by Tim Burton in 1982, while he was working as an animator at Walt Disney Feature Animation. With the success of Vincent in the same year, Walt Disney Studios began to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas as either a short film or 30-minute television special. Over the years, Burton's thoughts regularly returned to the project, and in 1990, he made a development deal with Disney. Production started in July 1991 in San Francisco; Disney released the film through its Touchstone Pictures banner because the studio believed the film would be "too dark and scary for kids".[4]
The film was met with both critical and financial success, grossing over $76 million during its initial run.[3] It was nominated for the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects, a first for an animated film.[5] The film has since been reissued by Walt Disney Pictures, and was re-released annually in Disney Digital 3-D from 2006 until 2009, making it the first stop-motion animated feature to be entirely converted to 3D.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Voice Cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Filming
4 Soundtracks
5 Release
5.1 Home media
5.2 Marketing
6 Reception
6.1 Box office
6.2 Critical response
6.3 Accolades
7 Possible sequel
8 Related media
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links
Plot[edit]
Halloween Town is a fantasy world filled with citizens such as deformed monsters, ghosts, ghouls, goblins, zombies, mummies, vampires, werewolves, and witches. Jack Skellington, the "Pumpkin King" and leader of the town, leads them in organizing the annual Halloween celebrations. However, privately Jack has grown weary of the same routine year after year, and wants something new. Wandering in the woods the morning after Halloween, he stumbles across seven trees containing doors leading to towns representing various holidays, and opens a portal to Christmas Town. Awed by the unfamiliar holiday, Jack returns to Halloween Town to show the residents his findings, but they fail to grasp the idea of Christmas and compare everything to their ideas of Halloween. Jack sequesters himself in his tower to study Christmas and find a way to rationally explain it, but cannot. He ultimately decides that it's unfair for Christmas Town alone to enjoy the holiday and announces that he and the citizens of Halloween Town will take over Christmas this year.
Jack assigns the citizens of Halloween Town Christmas-themed jobs, including singing carols, making presents, and building a sleigh to be pulled by skeletal reindeer. Sally, a beautiful rag doll woman that is secretly in love with Jack, feels that their efforts will end in disaster, but Jack dismisses her and assigns her the task of sewing him a red coat to wear. He also tasks Lock, Shock and Barrel, a trio of mischievous trick-or-treating children, to abduct Santa Claus and bring him back to Halloween Town. Jack tells Santa he will be bringing Christmas to the world in his place this year. Jack orders the trio to keep Santa safe, but the children instead deliver Santa to Oogie Boogie, a gambling-addict bogeyman, who plots to play a game with Santa's life at stake. Sally attempts to rescue Santa so he can stop Jack, but Oogie captures her as well.
Jack departs to deliver presents to the world, but the Halloween-styled gifts terrify and attack the populace. As concerns over "Santa's" behavior grows, the military takes action and shoot down Jack, causing him to crash in the cemetery. As Jack bemoans the disaster he has made of Christmas, he finds he enjoyed the experience nonetheless, reigniting his love of Halloween. Jack returns to Halloween Town and finds Oogie's lair. Oogie tries to kill Jack, and Jack pulls apart the thread holding Oogie's cloth form together, revealing a massive pile of bugs that fall into Oogie's cauldron and are killed. Jack apologizes to Santa for his actions, and Santa assures Jack that he can fix things and returns to Christmas Town. As Santa replaces the Halloween-style presents with genuine ones, the townspeople of Halloween Town celebrate Jack's return. Santa then visits Halloween Town and brings them a snowfall for the residents to play with. In the graveyard, Jack and Sally declare their love for each other.
Voice Cast[edit]
Main article: List of The Nightmare Before Christmas characters
Chris Sarandon, the voice of Jack Skellington.
Chris Sarandon (speaking voice) and Danny Elfman (singing voice) as Jack Skellington, a skeleton known as the "Pumpkin King" of Halloween Town. He owns a ghost dog named Zero, who has a small, glowing jack-o'-lantern nose. Danny Elfman also voices Barrel, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. Elfman was initially cast as Jack's singing voice and, after the songs were recorded, Sarandon was cast to match Elfman's voice style.[6][7]
Catherine O'Hara as Sally, a rag doll-like creation of Finklestein, and the growing love interest of Jack. She is an amateur toxicologist that uses various types of poison to liberate herself from the captivity of Finklestein. She's also psychic and has premonitions when anything bad is about to happen. O'Hara also voices Shock, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. She had previously co-starred in Burton's Beetlejuice (1988).
William Hickey as Doctor Finklestein, a mad scientist, and the "father" of Sally. He is listed in the credits only as "Evil Scientist" and is only mentioned by name once in the film.
Glenn Shadix as Mayor of Halloween Town, an enthusiastic leader who conducts town meetings. His wild mood swings from happy to distraught cause his head to spin between a "happy" and "sad" face; where some career politicians are figuratively two-faced, the Mayor is literally so. Burton and Shadix previously worked on Beetlejuice.
Ken Page as Oogie Boogie, a villainous bogeyman in Halloween Town, who has a passion for gambling.
Ed Ivory as Santa Claus, the leader of Christmas Town. Santa Claus is responsible for the annual celebration of Christmas, at which time he delivers presents to children around the world. Ivory also does the brief narration at the start of the film.
Paul Reubens as Lock, one of the trick-or-treaters working for Oogie Boogie. Reubens and Burton previously worked on Pee-wee's Big Adventure (1985) and Batman Returns (1992).
The cast also features Kerry Katz, Carmen Twillie, Randy Crenshaw, Debi Durst, Glenn Walters, Sherwood Ball, and Greg Proops voicing various characters. Patrick Stewart recorded narration for a prologue and epilogue. While not used in the final film, the narration is included on the soundtrack album.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
As writer Tim Burton's upbringing in Burbank, California was associated with the feeling of solitude, the filmmaker was largely fascinated by holidays during his childhood. "Anytime there was Christmas or Halloween, […] it was great. It gave you some sort of texture all of a sudden that wasn't there before", Burton would later recall.[8] After completing his short film Vincent in 1982,[8] Burton, who was then-employed at Walt Disney Feature Animation, wrote a three-page poem titled The Nightmare Before Christmas, drawing inspiration from television specials of Rudolph the Red-Nosed Reindeer, How the Grinch Stole Christmas! and the poem A Visit from St. Nicholas.[9] Burton intended to adapt the poem into a television special with the narration spoken by his favorite actor, Vincent Price,[10] but also considered other options such as a children's book.[11] He created concept art and storyboards for the project in collaboration with Rick Heinrichs, who also sculpted character models;[12][13] Burton later showed his and Heinrichs' works-in-progress to Henry Selick, also a Disney animator at the time.[14] After the success of Vincent in 1982, Disney started to consider developing The Nightmare Before Christmas as either a short film or 30-minute holiday television special.[12] However, the project's development eventually stalled, as its tone seemed "too weird" to the company.[15] As Disney was unable to "offer his nocturnal loners enough scope", Burton was fired from the studio in 1984,[10] and went on to direct the commercially successful films Beetlejuice and Batman.[15]
Director Henry Selick (left) and producer Tim Burton (right) on the Nightmare Before Christmas set.
Over the years, Burton regularly thought about the project. In 1990, Burton found out that Disney still owned the film rights.[16] He and Selick committed to produce a full-length film with the latter as director.[14] Disney was looking forward to Nightmare "to show capabilities of technical and storytelling achievements that were present in Who Framed Roger Rabbit."[17] Nightmare marked Burton's third film in a row to have a Christmas setting. Burton could not direct because of his commitment to Batman Returns and he did not want to be involved with "the painstakingly slow process of stop motion".[14] To adapt his poem into a screenplay, Burton approached Michael McDowell, his collaborator on Beetlejuice. McDowell and Burton experienced creative differences, which convinced Burton to make the film as a musical with lyrics and compositions by frequent collaborator Danny Elfman. Elfman and Burton created a rough storyline and two-thirds of the film's songs.[2] Elfman found writing Nightmare's eleven songs as "one of the easiest jobs I've ever had. I had a lot in common with Jack Skellington."[12] Caroline Thompson still had yet to be hired to write the screenplay.[2] With Thompson's screenplay, Selick stated, "there are very few lines of dialogue that are Caroline's. She became busy on other films and we were constantly rewriting, re-configuring and developing the film visually."[18]
Filming[edit]
Selick and his team of animators began production in July 1991 in San Francisco, California with a crew of over 120 workers, utilizing 20 sound stages for filming.[14][19] Joe Ranft was hired from Disney as a storyboard supervisor, while Eric Leighton was hired to supervise animation.[20] At the peak of production, 20 individual stages were simultaneously being used for filming.[21] In total, there were 109,440 frames taken for the film. The work of Ray Harryhausen, Ladislas Starevich, Edward Gorey, Étienne Delessert, Gahan Wilson, Charles Addams, Jan Lenica, Francis Bacon, and Wassily Kandinsky influenced the filmmakers. Selick described the production design as akin to a pop-up book.[12][18] In addition, Selick stated, "When we reach Halloween Town, it's entirely German Expressionism. When Jack enters Christmas Town, it's an outrageous Dr. Seuss-esque setpiece. Finally, when Jack is delivering presents in the 'Real World', everything is plain, simple and perfectly aligned."[22] Vincent Price, Don Ameche, and James Earl Jones were considered to provide the narration for the film's prologue; however, all proved difficult to cast, and the producers instead hired local voice artist, Ed Ivory.[6]
On the direction of the film, Selick reflected, "It's as though he [Burton] laid the egg, and I sat on it and hatched it. He wasn't involved in a hands-on way, but his hand is in it. It was my job to make it look like 'a Tim Burton film', which is not so different from my own films."[18] When asked on Burton's involvement, Selick claimed, "I don't want to take away from Tim, but he was not in San Francisco when we made it. He came up five times over two years, and spent no more than eight or ten days in total."[18] Walt Disney Feature Animation contributed with some use of second-layering traditional animation.[14] Burton found production somewhat difficult because he was directing Batman Returns and in pre-production of Ed Wood.[2]
The filmmakers constructed 227 puppets to represent the characters in the movie, with Jack Skellington having "around four hundred heads", allowing the expression of every possible emotion.[23] Sally's mouth movements "were animated through the replacement method. During the animation process, […] only Sally's face 'mask' was removed in order to preserve the order of her long, red hair. Sally had ten types of faces, each made with a series of eleven expressions (e.g. eyes open and closed, and various facial poses) and synchronized mouth movements."[24] The stop motion figurine of Jack was reused in James and the Giant Peach (also directed by Selick) as Captain Jack.
Soundtracks[edit]
Main articles: The Nightmare Before Christmas (soundtrack) and Nightmare Revisited
The film's soundtrack album was released in 1993 on Walt Disney Records. For the film's 2006 re-release in Disney Digital 3-D, a special edition of the soundtrack was released, featuring a bonus disc which contained covers of five of the film's songs by Fall Out Boy, Panic! at the Disco, Marilyn Manson, Fiona Apple, and She Wants Revenge. Four original demo tracks by Elfman were also included.[25] On September 30, 2008, Disney released the cover album Nightmare Revisited, featuring artists such as Amy Lee, Flyleaf, Korn, Rise Against, Plain White T's, The All-American Rejects, and many more.
American gothic rock band London After Midnight featured a cover of "Sally's Song" on their 1998 album Oddities.
LiLi Roquelin did a French cover of "Sally's Song" which was released on her album Will you hate the rest of the world or will you renew your life? in 2010.
Another soundtrack released in 2003 was the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday CD. Although most were not original songs from the movie, one song provided on the CD is a medley of "Making Christmas", "What's This?", and "Kidnap the Sandy Claws". Other songs included are original holiday songs changed to incorporate the theme of the movie. The last song on the list, however, is the soundtrack for the Disneyland Haunted Mansion Holiday ride.
Release[edit]
Disney decided to release the film under their Touchstone Pictures banner because they thought the film would be "too dark and scary for kids", Selick remembered. "Their biggest fear, and why it was kind of a stepchild project, [was] they were afraid of their core audience hating the film and not coming."[26] To convey Burton's' involvement and attract a wider audience, Disney marketed the film as Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas. Burton explained that,"…it turned more into more of a brand-name thing, it turned into something else, which I'm not quite sure about."[2] The film premiered at the New York Film Festival on October 9,[27] and was given a limited release on October 15, 1993, before its wide theatrical release on October 29.
The Nightmare Before Christmas was reissued by Disney under the Walt Disney Pictures banner and re-released on October 20, 2006, with conversion to Disney Digital 3-D.[4] Industrial Light & Magic assisted in the process.[20] The film subsequently received annually releases in October 2007 and 2008.[28] The El Capitan Theatre in Hollywood, California has been showing the film in 4-D screenings annually in October, ending on Halloween, since 2010.[29] The reissues have led to a reemergence of 3-D films and advances in RealD Cinema.[30][31]
Home media[edit]
With years of successful home video sales, Nightmare subsequently achieved the ranks of a cult film.[20] Touchstone Home Video first released the film on VHS on September 30, 1994, and on DVD on December 2, 1997. The DVD release contained no special features.[32] Nightmare was released a second time on October 3, 2000 as a special edition. The release included an audio commentary by Selick and cinematographer Pete Kozachik, a 28-minute making-of documentary, a gallery of concept art, storyboards, test footage and deleted scenes. Burton's Vincent and Frankenweenie were also included.[33] Both DVDs were non-anamorphic widescreen releases.
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released the film on DVD again (this time with an anamorphic transfer) and on Blu-ray Disc (for the first time) on August 26, 2008 as a two-disc digitally remastered "collector's edition", but still containing the same special features.[34][35]
Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment released The Nightmare Before Christmas on Blu-ray 3D on August 30, 2011. The release included a Blu-ray 3D disc, Blu-ray Disc and a DVD that includes both a DVD and digital copy of the film.[36]
Marketing[edit]
Disney has undertaken an extensive marketing campaign of these characters across many media. Since 2001, Disneyland has held a seasonal Nightmare Before Christmas theme for its Haunted Mansion Holiday attraction. The attraction, an overlay of the park's Haunted Mansion, features characters, decorations and music from the film. In addition to Mickey's Not-So-Scary Halloween Party and Mickey's Halloween Party featuring the film's characters,[37] Jack Skellington, Sally, Pajama Jack, and the Mayor have been made into Bendies figures,[38] while Jack and Sally even appear in fine art.[39] Moreover, Sally has been made into an action figure and a Halloween costume.[40] A Jack Skellington figurine is available for the Disney Infinity video game, allowing the character to be playable in the game's "Toy Box Mode".[41] Jack is also the titular character in the short story "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack's Story".[42] Nightmare has inspired video game spin-offs, including Oogie's Revenge and The Pumpkin King, and is among the many Disney-owned franchises that contribute to the mythology of the Kingdom Hearts series. A trading card game is also available.
Jim Edwards contends that "Tim Burton's animated movie The Nightmare Before Christmas is really a movie about the marketing business. The movie's lead character, Jack Skellington, the chief marketing officer (CMO) for a successful company, decides that his success is boring and he wants the company to have a different business plan."[43]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Around the release of the film, Disney executive David Hoberman was quoted, "I hope Nightmare goes out and makes a fortune. If it does, great. If it doesn't, that doesn't negate the validity of the process. The budget was less than any Disney blockbuster so it doesn't have to earn Aladdin-sized grosses to satisfy us."[12] The film earned $50 million in the United States on its first theatrical run.[28] and was regarded as a moderate "sleeper hit".
The Nightmare Before Christmas made a further $8.7 million in box office gross in its 2006 reissue.[44] The 2007 and 2008 reissues earned $14.5 million and $1.1 million, respectively, increasing the film's total box office gross to $75 million.[28]
Critical response[edit]
The film initially received positive reviews from critics; it has since gone on to receive widespread critical acclaim. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds a rating of 94%, based on 88 reviews, with an average rating of 8.2/10. The site's consensus reads, "The Nightmare Before Christmas is a stunningly original and visually delightful work of stop-motion animation."[45] On Metacritic the film has a score of 77 out of 100, based on 16 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[46]
Roger Ebert gave a highly positive review for Nightmare. Ebert believed the film's visual effects were as revolutionary as Star Wars, taking into account that Nightmare was "filled with imagination that carries us into a new world".[47]
Peter Travers of Rolling Stone called it a restoration of "originality and daring to the Halloween genre. This dazzling mix of fun and fright also explodes the notion that animation is kid stuff. … It's 74 minutes of timeless movie magic."[48] James Berardinelli stated "The Nightmare Before Christmas has something to offer just about everyone. For the kids, it's a fantasy celebrating two holidays. For the adults, it's an opportunity to experience some light entertainment while marveling at how adept Hollywood has become at these techniques. There are songs, laughs, and a little romance. In short, The Nightmare Before Christmas does what it intends to: entertain."[49] Desson Thomson of The Washington Post enjoyed stylistic features in common with Oscar Wilde, German Expressionism, the Brothers Grimm and The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari.[50]
Michael A. Morrison discusses the influence of Dr. Seuss' How the Grinch Stole Christmas! on the film, writing that Jack parallels the Grinch and Zero parallels Max, the Grinch's dog.[51] Philip Nel writes that the film "challenges the wisdom of adults through its trickster characters", contrasting Jack as a "good trickster" with Oogie Boogie, whom he also compares with Dr. Seuss' Dr. Terwilliker as a bad trickster.[52] Entertainment Weekly reports that fan reception of these characters borders on obsession, profiling Laurie and Myk Rudnick, a couple whose "degree of obsession with [the] film is so great that … they named their son after the real-life person that a character in the film is based on."[53] This enthusiasm for the characters has also been profiled as having spread beyond North America to Japan.[54] Yvonne Tasker notes "the complex characterization seen in The Nightmare Before Christmas".[55]
Danny Elfman was worried the characterization of Oogie Boogie would be considered racist by the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP).[56] Elfman's predictions came true; however, director Henry Selick stated the character was inspired by the Betty Boop cartoon The Old Man of the Mountain. "Cab Calloway would dance his inimitable jazz dance and sing 'Minnie the Moocher' or 'Old Man of the Mountain', and they would rotoscope him, trace him, turn him into a cartoon character, often transforming him into an animal, like a walrus," Selick continued. "I think those are some of the most inventive moments in cartoon history, in no way racist, even though he was sometimes a villain. We went with Ken Page, who is a black singer, and he had no problem with it".[18]
Accolades[edit]
The film was nominated for both the Academy Award for Best Visual Effects and the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation.[5][57] Nightmare won the Saturn Award for Best Fantasy Film, while Elfman won Best Music. Selick and the animators were also nominated for their work.[58] Elfman was nominated for the Golden Globe Award for Best Original Score.[59] Most recently, the film ranked #1 on Rotten Tomatoes' "Top 25 Best Christmas Movies" list.[60]
The film is recognized by American Film Institute in these lists:
2008: AFI's 10 Top 10:
Nominated Animation Film[61]
Possible sequel[edit]
In 2001, Disney began to consider producing a sequel, but rather than using stop motion, Disney wanted to use computer animation.[62] Burton convinced Disney to drop the idea. "I was always very protective of Nightmare not to do sequels or things of that kind," Burton explained. "You know, 'Jack visits Thanksgiving world' or other kinds of things just because I felt the movie had a purity to it and the people that like it… Because it's a mass-market kind of thing, it was important to kind of keep that purity of it."[31] The 2004 video game The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge did serve as a sequel of the film, with Capcom's crew of developers going after Burton for advice,[63] and having the collaboration of the film's art director, Deane Taylor.[64] In 2009, Selick said he would do a film sequel if he and Burton could create a good story for it.[65]
Related media[edit]
A collectible card game based on the film called The Nightmare Before Christmas TCG was released in 2005 by NECA. The game was designed by Quixotic Games founder Andrew Parks[66] and Kez Shlasnger. It consists of a Premiere set and 4 Starter Decks based on four characters, Jack Skellington, the Mayor, Oogie Boogie, and Doctor Finklestein. Each Starter Deck contains a rule book, a Pumpkin King card, a Pumpkin Points card, and a 48-card deck. The game has four card types: Characters, Locales, Creations, and Surprises. The Cards' rarities are separated into four categories: Common, Uncommon, Rare, Ultra Rare.
Quixotic Games also developed The Nightmare Before Christmas Party Game that was released in 2007 by NECA.[67]
A collector's edition The Nightmare Before Christmas-themed Jenga game was issued with orange, purple and black blocks with Jack Skellington heads on them. The set comes in a coffin-shaped box instead of the normal rectangular box.[68]
A 168-card Munchkin Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas-themed Munchkin was developed by USAopoly featuring the citizens of Halloween Town such as Jack Skellington, Oogie Boogie, Doctor Finklestein, and Lock, Shock and Barrel. The game comes with a custom die similar to the ones used by Oogie Boogie in the film.[69][70]
See also[edit]
Disney portal
Animation portal
Film portal
List of ghost films
Notes[edit]
^ The Nightmare Before Christmas was reissued as a Walt Disney Pictures release in 2006.[4]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas (PG)". British Board of Film Classification. March 18, 1994. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Mark Salisbury, Tim Burton (2006). Burton on Burton. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 121–127. ISBN 0-571-22926-3.
^ Jump up to: a b "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved September 28, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Mendelson, Scott (October 15, 2013). "'Nightmare Before Christmas' Turns 20: From Shameful Spawn To Disney's Pride". Forbes. Retrieved December 14, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "66th Academy Awards". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Stern, Marlow (October 29, 2013). "Henry Selick on Directing 'The Nightmare Before Christmas'". The Daily Beast. Retrieved September 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Lammers, Tim (October 29, 2013). "Sarandon remains proud of 'Nightmare Before Christmas' as film classic turns 20". Strictly Cinema. Retrieved September 25, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Simpson, Blaise (October 10, 1993). "The Concept: Jack-o'-Santa : Tim Burton's new movie for Disney isn't exactly a steal-Christmas-kind-of-thing. It's more like a borrow-it-and-give-it-a-weird-twist-kind-of-thing". Los Angeles Times. pp. 1–4.
Jump up ^ Tim Burton, Henry Selick, The Making of Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas, 2000, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment
^ Jump up to: a b Carr, Jay (October 17, 1993). "Tim Burton's Big Adventure". The Boston Globe.
Jump up ^ Thompson, Frank T. (October 14, 1993). Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Film, The Art, The Vision. p. 8. ISBN 9780786880669. OCLC 28294626.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Avins, Mimi (November 1993). "Ghoul World". Premiere: pp. 24–30. Retrieved on September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ Topel, Fred (August 25, 2008). "Director Henry Selick Interview – The Nightmare Before Christmas". About.com. Retrieved May 27, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Salisbury, Burton, p.115—120
^ Jump up to: a b Broeske, Pat H. (January 20, 1991). "Dusting Off Burton". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ Simpson, Blaise (October 10, 1993). "The Concept: Jack-o'-Santa : Tim Burton's new movie for Disney isn't exactly a steal-Christmas-kind-of-thing. It's more like a borrow-it-and-give-it-a-weird-twist-kind-of-thing". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "BV toons up down under". Variety. February 18, 1993. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e David Helpern (December 1994). "Animated Dreams", Sight & Sound, pp. 33—37. Retrieved on September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ Jones, Bill (October 22, 1993). "He Kept His Nightmare Alive". The Phoenix Gazette.
^ Jump up to: a b c Scott Collura (October 20, 2006). "The Nightmare Before Christmas 3-D: 13 Years and Three Dimensions Later". IGN. Retrieved September 27, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Nightmare: Truly the Stuff of Dreams". Electronic Gaming Monthly (53). EGM Media, LLC. December 1993. p. 357.
Jump up ^ Henry Selick, Pete Kozachik, DVD audio commentary, 2000, Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment
Jump up ^ Richard Rickitt, Special Effects: The History and Technique (Watson-Guptill, 2000), 159-160.
Jump up ^ Maureen Furniss, Art in motion: animation aesthetics (1998), 168.
Jump up ^ James Montgomery (August 28, 2006). "Fall Out Boy, Panic, Marilyn Manson Add To New 'Nightmare Before Christmas' Soundtrack". MTV News. Retrieved November 29, 2008.
Jump up ^ Scott Collura (October 20, 2006). "The Nightmare Before Christmas 3-D: 13 Years and Three Dimensions Later". IGN. Retrieved September 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ John Evan Prook (August 18, 1993). "Christmas comes to N.Y. Film Fest". Variety. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas", Releases, Box Office Mojo, Retrieved September 18, 2009
Jump up ^ "Tim Burton's 'The Nightmare Before Christmas' To Use 4D in Special Event". Geeksofdoom.com. Retrieved October 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ Cam Shea (April 27, 2007). "Real D: The Future of Cinema". IGN. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Shawn Adler; Larry Carroll (October 20, 2006). "How Burton's Fever Dream Spawned Nightmare Before Christmas". MTV. Retrieved September 27, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993)". Amazon.com. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas (Special Edition)". Amazon.com. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas (2-Disc Collector's Edition + Digital Copy)". Amazon.com. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas [Blu-ray] + Digital Copy (1993)". Amazon.com. Retrieved October 15, 2008.
Jump up ^ "'The Nightmare Before Christmas - 3D' Dated and Detailed for Blu-ray 3D!". highdefdigest.com.
Jump up ^ Ramin Setoodeh, "Haunted Parks", Newsweek 144.16 (October 18, 2004): 73.
Jump up ^ Frederick J. Augustyn, Dictionary of Toys and Games in American Popular Culture (Haworth Press, 2004), 18.
Jump up ^ "New Disney Fine Art: Tim Burton’s Nightmare Before Christmas Limited Edition by Artist Jim Salvati," TechWhack (November 3, 2008).
Jump up ^ For an image of a Sally costume, see Bobwilson, "Halloween gives teens a chance to scare, be silly," Lubbock Avalanche-Journal (October 31, 2008).
Jump up ^ "Disney Infinity: Jack Skellington".
Jump up ^ tk, "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Jack's story", Disney Scary Storybook Collection (New York: Disney Press, 2003.), 5.
Jump up ^ Jim Edwards, "Jack Skellington, Brand Manager", Brandweek 47.40 (October 30, 2006): 21.
Jump up ^ "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas in 3-D (2006)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved October 13, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993): Reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved September 28, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas". Roger Ebert.com. October 22, 1993. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ Peter Travers (April 11, 2001). "The Nightmare Before Christmas". Rolling Stone. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ James Berardinelli. "The Nightmare Before Christmas". ReelViews. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ Desson Thomson (October 22, 1993). "The Nightmare Before Christmas". The Washington Post. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ Michael A. Morrison, Trajectories of the Fantastic: Selected Essays from the Fourteenth International Conference on the Fantastic in the Arts (Greenwood Publishing Group, 1997), 154.
Jump up ^ Philip Nel, Dr. Seuss: American Icon (Continuum International Publishing Group, 2004), 95.
Jump up ^ "Obsessive Fans of the Week!" in Entertainment Weekly 909 (12/1/2006): 6.
Jump up ^ Stephen Jones, The Mammoth Book of Best New Horror (Carroll & Graf Publishers, 2002), 75.
Jump up ^ Yvonne Tasker, Fifty Contemporary Filmmakers (Routledge, 2002), 76.
Jump up ^ Ken Hanke (1999). "Burtonland". Tim Burton: An Unauthorized Biography of the Filmmaker. Renaissance Books. pp. 137–148. ISBN 1-58063-162-2.
Jump up ^ "Hugo Awards: 1994". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Saturn Awards: 1994". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "51st Golden Globe Awards". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved September 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Nightmare Before Christmas (1993): Rank 1". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved December 20, 2008.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 10 Top 10 Nominees" (PDF). Archived from the original on July 16, 2011. Retrieved 2016-08-19. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ Fred Topel (August 25, 2008). "Director Henry Selick Interview – The Nightmare Before Christmas". About.com. Retrieved September 27, 2008.
Jump up ^ "CYNAMATIC: EXCLUSIVE: Masato Yoshino Gets Oogie's Revenge". MovieWeb. October 7, 2005. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: Oogie's Revenge – Deane Taylor Interview". TeamXbox. September 19, 2005. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
Jump up ^ Otto, Jack (February 1, 2009). "How possible is a sequel to Nightmare Before Christmas?". Blastr. Retrieved January 6, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Quixotic Games - About Quixotic". quixoticgames.com. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Quixotic Games - Ludography". quixoticgames.com. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Nightmare Before Christmas Jenga". craziestgadgets.com.
Jump up ^ "Munchkin® The Nightmare Before Christmas". worldofmunchkin.com. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "MUNCHKIN: Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas". usaopoly.com. Retrieved April 27, 2016.
Further reading[edit]
Frank Thompson (July 2002). Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas: The Film, the Art and the Vision (Paperback). Hyperion. ISBN 978-0-7868-5378-6.
Jun Asaga (July 2002). Tim Burton's The Nightmare Before Christmas (Paperback). Disney Press. ISBN 978-0-7868-3849-3. Manga adaptation of the film.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Nightmare Before Christmas.
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Nightmare Before Christmas
Official website
The Nightmare Before Christmas on IMDb
The Nightmare Before Christmas at The Big Cartoon DataBase
The Nightmare Before Christmas at AllMovie
The Nightmare Before Christmas at Box Office Mojo
The Nightmare Before Christmas at Rotten Tomatoes
The Nightmare Before Christmas at The Tim Burton Collective
John Scalzi (August 28, 2008). "Why Tim Burton's Recurring Nightmare Remains So Popular". AMC.
Nightmare Before Christmas Behind The Scenes A time lapse of the stop-motion animation process.
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My Friends Tigger & Pooh: Super Sleuth Christmas Movie (2007)
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TV films
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Phineas and Ferb Christmas Vacation (2009)
Prep & Landing (2009)
Prep & Landing: Operation: Secret Santa (2010)
Good Luck Charlie, It's Christmas! (2011)
Prep & Landing: Naughty vs. Nice (2011)
Lady Gaga and the Muppets Holiday Spectacular (2013)
Toy Story That Time Forgot (2014)
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Standard cubic feet per minute
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Standard cubic feet per minute (SCFM) is the molar flow rate of a gas corrected to "standardized" conditions of temperature and pressure thus representing a fixed number of moles of gas regardless of composition and actual flow conditions. It is related to the mass flow rate of the gas by a multiplicative constant which depends only on the molecular weight of the gas. There are different standard conditions for temperature and pressure, so care is taken when choosing a particular standard value. Worldwide, the "standard" condition for pressure is variously defined as an absolute pressure of 101,325 pascals, 1.0 bar (i.e., 100,000 pascals), 14.73 psia, or 14.696 psia and the "standard" temperature is variously defined as 68 °F, 60 °F, 0 °C, 15 °C, 20 °C, or 25 °C. The relative humidity (e.g., 36% or 0%) is also included in some definitions of standard conditions.
In Europe, the standard temperature is most commonly defined as 0 °C, but not always. In the United States, the standard temperature is most commonly defined as 60 °F or 70 °F, but again, not always. A variation in standard temperature can result in a significant volumetric variation for the same mass flow rate. For example, a mass flow rate of 1,000 kg/h of air at 1 atmosphere of absolute pressure is 455 SCFM when defined at 32 °F (0 °C) but 481 SCFM when defined at 60 °F (16 °C).
In countries using the SI metric system of units, the term "normal cubic metre" (Nm3) is very often used to denote gas volumes at some normalized or standard condition. Again, as noted above, there is no universally accepted set of normalized or standard conditions.
Unit
Pressure
Temperature
Moles
Nm³ 1.01325 bar a 0ºC 0.0446158 kmol
Sm³ 1.01325 bar a 15ºC 0.0422937 kmol
SCF 14.696 psi a 68ºF 0.002641 lbmol
Contents
[hide]
1 Actual cubic feet per minute
2 Cubic feet per minute
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Actual cubic feet per minute[edit]
Main article: Actual cubic foot per minute
Actual cubic foot per minute (ACFM) is the volume of gas flowing anywhere in a system, independent of its temperature and pressure. If the system were moving a gas at exactly the "standard" condition, then ACFM would equal SCFM. Unfortunately, this usually is not the case as the most important change between these two definitions is the pressure. To move a gas, a positive pressure or a vacuum must be created. When positive pressure is applied to a standard cubic foot of gas, it is compressed. When a vacuum is applied to a standard cubic foot of gas, it expands. The volume of gas after it is pressurized or rarefied is referred to as its "actual" volume.
SCF and ACF for an ideal gas are related in accordance with the combined gas law:[1][2][3]
P 1 V 1 T 1 = P 2 V 2 T 2 {\displaystyle {\frac {P_{1}V_{1}}{T_{1}}}={\frac {P_{2}V_{2}}{T_{2}}}}
Defining standard conditions by the subscript 1 and actual conditions by the subscript 2, then:[1][2][4]
S C F = A C F ⋅ ( P a c t u a l P s t a n d a r d ) ( T s t a n d a r d T a c t u a l ) {\displaystyle {\rm {SCF}}={\rm {ACF}}\,\cdot \,\left({\frac {P_{\rm {actual}}}{P_{\rm {standard}}}}\right)\,\left({\frac {T_{\rm {standard}}}{T_{\rm {actual}}}}\right)}
where P {\displaystyle P} is in absolute pressure units and T {\displaystyle T} is in absolute temperature units (i.e., either kelvins or degrees Rankine).
This is only valid when at a pressure and temperature close to standard conditions. For non-ideal gasses (most gasses) a compressibility factor "Z" is introduced to allow for non-ideality. To introduce the compressibility factor to the equation divide ACF by "Z".
Cubic feet per minute[edit]
Cubic feet per minute (CFM) is an often confusing term because it has no single definition that applies to all instances. Gases are compressible, which means that a figure in cubic feet per minute cannot necessarily be compared with another figure when it comes the mass of the gas. To further confuse the issue, a centrifugal fan is a constant CFM device or a constant volume device. This means that, provided the fan speed remains constant, a centrifugal fan will pump a constant volume of air. This is not the same as pumping a constant mass of air. Again, the fan will pump the same volume, though not mass, at any other air density. This means that the air velocity in a system is the same even though mass flow rate through the fan is not.
See also[edit]
Gas laws
Standard conditions for temperature and pressure
Standard cubic foot (SCF)
Million standard cubic feet per day (MMSCFD)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Controls Warehouse website (scroll down to "Gas Flow Measurement"
^ Jump up to: a b U.S. EPA website (scroll down to "Conversion between Actual and Standard Gas Flow Rates"
Jump up ^ Mark Ladd (1998). Introduction to Physical Chemistry (3rd ed.). Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-57881-7. (Equation 5.2, page 200)
Jump up ^ Robert J. Heinsohn and John M. Cimbala (2003). Indoor Air Quality Engineering: Environmental Health and Control of Indoor Pollutants. CRC Press. ISBN 0-8247-4061-0. (page 33)
External links[edit]
Xchanger Inc, webpage Calculator for SCFM, NM3/hr, lb/hr, kg/hr, ACFM & M3/hr gas flows.
onlineflow.de, webpage Online calculator for conversion of volume, mass and molar flows (SCFM, MMSCFD, Nm3/hr, kg/s, kmol/hr and more)
ACFM versus SCFM for ASME AG-1 HEPA Filters
SCFM (Standard CFM) vs. ACFM (Actual CFM) (Specifically for air flows only)
"Standard conditions for gases" from the IUPAC Gold Book.
"Standard pressure" from the IUPAC Gold Book.
"STP" from the IUPAC Gold Book.
"Standard state" from the IUPAC Gold Book.
Gas Density
Properties of the Atmosphere
ACFM vs. SCFM vs. ICFM
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standard_cubic_feet_per_minute&oldid=796449493"
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text:
List of arteries of the human body
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Part of a series of lists about
Human anatomy
General[show]
List of human anatomical
features / regions
Variations
Movements
Systems
Structures[hide]
Arteries
Bones
Eponymous
Foramina
Glands
Lymphatic vessels
Nerves
Organs
Systems
Veins
Muscles[show]
Abductors
Adductors
Depressors
Elevators
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Table of epithelia of human organs
Anatomical terminology
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Cell types
v
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This is a list of arteries of the human body.
The aorta
The arteries of the head and neck
The common carotid artery
Relations
The external carotid artery
The triangles of the neck
The internal carotid artery
The arteries of the brain
The arteries of the upper extremity
The subclavian artery
The axilla
The axillary artery
The brachial artery
The radial artery
The ulnar artery
The arteries of the trunk
The descending aorta
The thoracic aorta
The abdominal aorta
The common iliac arteries
The hypogastric artery
The external iliac artery
The arteries of the lower extremity
The femoral artery
The popliteal fossa
The popliteal artery
The anterior tibial artery
The arteria dorsalis pedis
The posterior tibial artery
Diagram[edit]
Ascending aorta
Left coronary artery
LAD
Right coronary artery
Circumflex a
Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic a
R common carotid a
R subclavian a
L common carotid a
Internal carotid a
External carotid a
L subclavian a
Vertebral artery
Int. thoracic a
Thyrocervical trunk
Costocervical trunk
Dorsal scapular artery (mostly)
Descending aorta
(Thorax)
Bronchial as
Abdominal aorta
Celiac a
L gastric a
Common hepatic a
Splenic a
SMA
Renal as
IMA
L common iliac a
R common iliac a
External iliac a
Internal iliac a
Femoral a
Profunda femoris a
Popliteal a
Peroneal a
Anterior tibial a
Posterior tibial a
Dorsalis pedis a
[hide]
Arteries in the human body
[show]
v
t
e
Arteries of the head and neck
CC
EC
sup. thyroid
superior laryngeal
sternocleidomastoid branch
infrahyoid branch
cricothyroid branch
glandular branches
asc. pharyngeal
posterior meningeal
pharyngeal branches
inferior tympanic
lingual
suprahyoid
dorsal lingual
deep lingual
sublingual
facial
cervical branches (ascending palatine, tonsillar, submental, glandular)
facial branches (inferior labial
superior labial / nasal septum
lateral nasal
angular)
occipital
sternocleidomastoid
meningeal
occipital
auricular
descending
post. auricular
stylomastoid
stapedial
auricular
occipital
Parotid
sup. temporal
transverse facial
middle temporal (zygomatico-orbital)
anterior auricular
frontal
parietal
maxillary
1st part / mandibular
anterior tympanic
deep auricular
middle meningeal (superior tympanic, petrosal)
accessory meningeal
inferior alveolar
2nd part / pterygoid
to muscles of mastication (deep temporal, pterygoid, masseteric)
buccal
3rd part / pterygopalatine
posterior superior alveolar
infraorbital (anterior superior alveolar)
descending palatine (greater palatine, lesser palatine)
artery of the pterygoid canal
sphenopalatine (posterior septal branches, posterior lateral nasal)
pharyngeal
IC
cervical
carotid sinus
petrous
Vidian
caroticotympanic
cavernous/
ophthalmic
orbital group:anterior ethmoidal
posterior ethmoidal
lacrimal (lateral palpebral)
medial palpebral
terminal (supraorbital, supratrochlear, dorsal nasal)
ocular group: central retinal
ciliary (short posterior, long posterior, anterior)
Circulus arteriosus major
hypophysial (superior, inferior)
brain
Circle of Willis
ACA (anterior communicating, medial striate, Orbitofrontal artery)
MCA (anterolateral central, Prefrontal artery, Superior terminal branch, Inferior terminal branch, Anterior temporal branch)
posterior communicating
anterior choroidal
SC
vertebral artery
meningeal
spinal (posterior, anterior)
basilar: pontine
labyrinthine
cerebellar (AICA, SCA, PICA)
cerebral (PCA)
thyrocervical trunk
inferior thyroid
inferior laryngeal
tracheal
esophageal
ascending cervical
pharyngeal
glandular branches
transverse cervical
superficial branch
deep branch / dorsal scapular
scapular anastomosis
suprascapular
acromial branch
scapular anastomosis
costocervical trunk
deep cervical
Supreme Intercostal artery
[show]
v
t
e
Arteries of the torso and chest
Lungs
Pulmonary artery
Right
Left (Ligamentum arteriosum)
Heart
Coronary circulation
Right coronary:
SA nodal
AV nodal
Atrial
Right marginal
Posterior interventricular
Left coronary:
Anterior interventricular
Left circumflex (Left marginal)
Aorta
Sections
Ascending aorta
Aortic arch
Descending aorta
Thoracic aorta
Abdominal aorta
Aortic body
Aortic arch
Brachiocephalic
Thyreoidea ima
Right subclavian
Right common carotid
Left
common carotid
External carotid
Internal carotid
Carotid body
Carotid sinus
Carotid bifurcation
Left
subclavian
Internal thoracic: Anterior intercostal
Thymic
Pericardiacophrenic
Perforating branches
terminal (Musculophrenic, superior epigastric)
Costocervical trunk: Highest intercostal (Posterior intercostal 1–2)
Deep cervical
Descending
aorta
visceral: Bronchial
Esophageal
Mediastinal
parietal: Posterior intercostal 3–11
Subcostal
Superior phrenic
[show]
v
t
e
Arteries of the abdomen and pelvis
Abdominal
aorta
Celiac
Left gastric
Esophageal branches
Common hepatic
Proper hepatic
cystic
Right gastric
Gastroduodenal
right gastroepiploic
superior pancreaticoduodenal
supraduodenal
Splenic
Pancreatic branches
greater
dorsal
Short gastrics
Left gastroepiploic
Superior mesenteric
Inferior pancreaticoduodenal
Intestinal
jejunal
ileal
arcades
vasa recta
Ileocolic
colic
anterior cecal
posterior cecal
ileal branch
appendicular
Right colic
Middle colic
Marginal
Suprarenal
Middle suprarenal
Renal
Inferior suprarenal
Ureteral
Gonadal
Testicular artery
Ovarian artery
Lumbar
Lumbar arteries
Inferior mesenteric
Left colic
Marginal
Sigmoid
Superior rectal
Common iliac
Internal iliac
Posterior surface
Iliolumbar
Lumbar branch
Iliac branch
Anterior surface
Superior vesical artery
Umbilical artery
Medial umbilical ligament
to ductus deferens
Obturator
Anterior branch
Pubic branch
Posterior branch
Acetabular branch
Cruciate anastomosis
Corona mortis
Middle rectal
Vaginal branch ♀ / Prostatic branch ♂
Uterine ♀
Arcuate
Vaginal branches
Ovarian branches
Tubal branches
Spiral
Vaginal ♀ / Inferior vesical ♂
Inferior gluteal
Accompanying of sciatic nerve
Cruciate anastomosis
Internal pudendal
Inferior rectal
Perineal
posterior scrotal
posterior labial
Bulb of penis/vestibule
Urethral
Deep artery of the penis
helicine
Deep artery of clitoris
Dorsal of the penis
Dorsal of the clitoris
External iliac
Inferior epigastric
Corona mortis
Deep circumflex iliac
Femoral
see arteries of lower limbs
Median sacral
Coccygeal glomus
[show]
v
t
e
Arteries of the human arm
Axillary
Shoulder (before teres minor)
1st part
Superior thoracic artery
2nd part
Thoracoacromial artery
pectoral branch
acromial branch
clavicular branch
deltoid branch
Lateral thoracic artery
3rd part
Subscapular artery
scapular anastomosis
circumflex scapular artery
thoracodorsal artery
anterior humeral circumflex artery
posterior humeral circumflex artery
Brachial
Forearm (before cubital fossa)
profunda brachii
radial collateral
medial collateral
ulnar collateral
superior
inferior
Radial artery
forearm
radial recurrent
wrist/carpus
Dorsal carpal branch
dorsal carpal arch
Palmar carpal branch
deep palmar arch
hand
Superficial palmar branch
princeps pollicis
radialis indicis artery
superficial palmar arch
Median artery
median artery
Ulnar artery
forearm
ulnar recurrent
anterior
posterior
common interosseous
anterior
posterior
interosseous recurrent
wrist/carpus
Dorsal carpal branch
dorsal carpal arch
Palmar carpal branch
superficial palmar arch
Arterial Arches
Dorsal carpal arch
dorsal metacarpal
dorsal digital
Palmar carpal arch
superficial palmar arch
common palmar digital
proper palmar digital
deep palmar arch
palmar metacarpal
[show]
v
t
e
Arteries of the human leg
Inferior epigastric
cremasteric ♂ / round ligament ♀
Deep circumflex iliac
no major branches
Femoral
In femoral canal
superficial epigastric
superficial circumflex iliac
superficial external pudendal
deep external pudendal
(anterior scrotal ♂
Descending genicular
saphenous branch
articular branches
Profunda femoris
medial circumflex femoral
ascending
descending
superficial
deep
acetabular
lateral circumflex femoral
descending
transverse
ascending
perforating
Cruciate anastomosis
Trochanteric anastomosis
Popliteal
Genicular
superior genicular (medial, lateral)
middle genicular
inferior genicular (medial, lateral)
Sural
no major branches
Anterior tibial
tibial recurrent
posterior
anterior)
anterior malleolar
medial
lateral
dorsalis pedis: tarsal (medial, lateral)
Tibial-fibular (Tibial-peroneal) trunk
Posterior tibial
circumflex fibular
medial plantar
lateral plantar
fibular (peroneal)
Arches
arcuate
dorsal metatarsal
first dorsal metatarsal
deep plantar
dorsal digital arteries
plantar arch
plantar metatarsal
common plantar digital
proper plantar digital
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_arteries_of_the_human_body&oldid=778109930"
Categories:
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Thoracic aorta

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Hypogastric artery

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Arteria dorsalis pedis

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Dorsal scapular artery

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Profunda femoris artery

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Peroneal artery

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Superior laryngeal artery

values: Sternocleidomastoid branch of superior thyroid artery

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Deep lingual artery

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Sublingual artery

values: Sternocleidomastoid branches of occipital artery

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Inferior laryngeal artery

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Ascending cervical artery

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Highest intercostal artery

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Right pulmonary artery

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Left pulmonary artery

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Musculophrenic artery

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Posterior intercostal arteries

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Deep artery of clitoris

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Dorsal artery of clitoris

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Profunda brachii

values: Dorsal carpal branch of the radial artery

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