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Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)
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Leader of the Conservative Party
Incumbent
Theresa May
since 11 July 2016
Inaugural holder
Robert Peel (de facto)
Bonar Law (de jure)
Formation
1834 (de facto)
1922 (de jure)
The Leader of the Conservative Party is the most senior politician within the Conservative Party in the United Kingdom. The post is currently held by Theresa May, who succeeded David Cameron on 11 July 2016.
Contents
[hide]
1 Overall leader of the Conservative Party: 1834–1922
2 Leader of the Conservative Party (1922–)
2.1 Living former party leaders
3 House of Lords and Commons leaders
3.1 Leaders in the House of Lords, 1834–
3.2 Leaders in the House of Commons, 1834–1922
4 Elections of Conservative leaders by party meeting
4.1 House of Commons
4.2 House of Lords
5 See also
6 Notes
Overall leader of the Conservative Party: 1834–1922[edit]
Overall leader
(Birth–Death)
Portrait
Country of birth
Constituency / Title
Took office
Left office
Prime Minister (term)
Sir Robert Peel
(1788–1850) England Tamworth 18 December
1834[1] 29 June
1846 himself 1834–35
Melbourne 1835–41
himself 1841–46
Edward Smith-Stanley
14th Earl of Derby from 1851
(1799–1869) England Baron Stanley until 1851
Earl of Derby from 1851 29 June
1846 27 February
1868
Russell 1846–52
himself 1852
Aberdeen 1852–55
Palmerston 1855–58
himself 1858–59
Palmerston 1859–65
Russell 1865–66
himself 1866–68
Benjamin Disraeli
1st Earl of Beaconsfield from 1876
(1804–1881) England Buckinghamshire until 1876
Earl of Beaconsfield from 1876 27 February
1868 19 April
1881 himself 1868
Gladstone 1868–74
himself 1874–80
Gladstone 1880–85
Vacant
Leader of the Lords – 3rd Marquess of Salisbury
Leader of the Commons – Stafford Northcote 19 April
1881 23 June
1885
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil
3rd Marquess of Salisbury
(1830–1903) England Marquess of Salisbury 23 June
1885 11 July
1902 himself 1885–86
Gladstone 1886
himself 1886–92
Gladstone 1892–94
Rosebery 1894–95
himself 1895–1902
Arthur Balfour
(1848–1930) Scotland Manchester East until 1906
City of London from 1906 11 July
1902 13 November
1911 himself 1902–05
C.-Bannerman 1905–08
Asquith 1908–16
Vacant
Leader of the Lords – 5th Marquess of Lansdowne
Leader of the Commons – Bonar Law 13 November
1911 10 December
1916[2]
Bonar Law
(1858–1923) New Brunswick, Canada Bootle until 1918
Glasgow Central from 1918 10 December
1916[3] 21 March
1921
Lloyd George 1916–22
Austen Chamberlain
(1863–1937) England Birmingham West 21 March
1921 23 October
1922
Leader of the Conservative Party (1922–)[edit]
Leader
(Birth–Death)
Portrait
Country of birth
Constituency / Title
Took office
Left office
Prime Minister (term)
Bonar Law
(1858–1923) New Brunswick, Canada Glasgow Central 23 October
1922
(Party meeting) 28 May
1923 himself
Stanley Baldwin
(1867–1947) England Bewdley 28 May
1923
(Party meeting) 31 May
1937 himself 1923–24
MacDonald 1924
himself 1924–29
MacDonald 1929–35
himself 1935–37
Neville Chamberlain
(1869–1940) England Birmingham Edgbaston 31 May
1937
(Party meeting) 9 October
1940
himself 1937–40
Churchill May–Oct. 1940
Winston Churchill
(1874–1965) England Epping until 1945
Woodford from 1945 9 October
1940
(Party meeting) 21 April
1955 himself 1940–45
Attlee 1945–51
himself 1951–55
Anthony Eden
(1897–1977) England Warwick and Leamington 21 April
1955
(Party meeting) 22 January
1957 himself
Harold Macmillan
(1894–1986) England Bromley 22 January
1957
(Party meeting) 11 November
1963 himself
Alec Douglas-Home
(1903–1995) England Earl of Home until 1963
Kinross and Western
Perthshire from 1963 11 November
1963
(Party meeting) 27 July
1965 himself 1963–64
Wilson 1964–70
Edward Heath
(1916–2005) England Bexley until 1974
Sidcup from 1974 27 July
1965
(Elected) 11 February
1975
himself 1970–74
Wilson 1974–76
Margaret Thatcher
(1925–2013) England Finchley 11 February
1975
(Elected) 28 November
1990
Callaghan 1976–79
herself 1979–90
John Major
(1943–) England Huntingdon 28 November
1990
(Opponents withdrew) 19 June
1997 himself 1990–97
William Hague
(1961–) England Richmond, Yorks 19 June
1997
(Elected) 13 September
2001
Blair 1997–2007
Iain Duncan Smith
(1954–) Scotland Chingford and Woodford Green 13 September
2001
(Elected) 6 November
2003
Michael Howard
(1941–) Wales Folkestone and Hythe 6 November
2003
(Unopposed) 6 December
2005
David Cameron
(1966–) England Witney 6 December
2005
(Elected) 11 July
2016
Brown 2007–10
himself 2010–16
Theresa May
(1956–) England Maidenhead 11 July
2016
(Opponents withdrew) Incumbent herself 2016–
Living former party leaders[edit]
There are five living former party leaders.
Leader
Term of office
Date of birth
Sir John Major 1990–1997 (1943-03-29) 29 March 1943 (age 74)
The Lord Hague of Richmond 1997–2001 (1961-03-26) 26 March 1961 (age 56)
Iain Duncan Smith MP 2001–2003 (1954-04-09) 9 April 1954 (age 63)
The Lord Howard of Lympne 2003–2005 (1941-07-07) 7 July 1941 (age 76)
David Cameron 2005–2016 (1966-10-09) 9 October 1966 (age 50)
House of Lords and Commons leaders[edit]
Leaders in the House of Lords, 1834–[edit]
Those asterisked were considered the overall leader of the party.
Arthur Wellesley, 1st Duke of Wellington 1834–1846
Edward Smith-Stanley, 1st Baron Stanley (14th Earl of Derby from 1851) 9 March 1846 – 27 February 1868* – elected at a party meeting – see below
James Howard Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury 1868–1869 – appointed by Prime Minister Benjamin Disraeli MP
Hugh Cairns, 1st Baron Cairns 1869–1870 – elected at a party meeting – see below
Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond 1870–21 August 1876 – elected at a party meeting – see below
Benjamin Disraeli, 1st Earl of Beaconsfield 21 August 1876 – 19 April 1881* – became Leader on elevation to the peerage
Robert Arthur Talbot Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury 9 May 1881 – 1902 – elected at a party meeting – see below (overall leader from 1885)
Spencer Cavendish, 8th Duke of Devonshire 1902–1903 – appointed by Prime Minister Arthur Balfour MP
Henry Petty-Fitzmaurice, 5th Marquess of Lansdowne 1903–1916 – appointed by Prime Minister Arthur Balfour MP
George Nathaniel Curzon, 1st Earl Curzon of Kedleston (1st Marquess Curzon of Kedleston from 1921) 1916–1925 – appointed Leader of the House by Prime Minister David Lloyd George MP
James Gascoyne-Cecil, 4th Marquess of Salisbury 1925–1931 – appointed by Prime Minister Stanley Baldwin MP
Douglas Hogg, 1st Viscount Hailsham 1931–1935 – took over post 'at the request of Mr Baldwin'[4]
Charles Vane-Tempest-Stewart, 7th Marquess of Londonderry 1935
E. F. L. Wood, 3rd Viscount Halifax 1935–1938
James Stanhope, 7th Earl Stanhope 1938–1940
Thomas Inskip, 1st Viscount Caldecote 1940
E. F. L. Wood, 3rd Viscount Halifax 1940
George Lloyd, 1st Baron Lloyd 1940–1941
Walter Guinness, 1st Baron Moyne 1941–1942
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne (5th Marquess of Salisbury from 1947) 1942–1957
Alec Douglas-Home, 14th Earl of Home 1957–1960
Quintin Hogg, 2nd Viscount Hailsham 1960–1963
Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington 1963–1970
George Jellicoe, 2nd Earl Jellicoe 1970–1973
David Hennessy, 3rd Baron Windlesham 1973–1974
Peter Carington, 6th Baron Carrington 1974–1979
Christopher Soames, Baron Soames 1979–1981
Janet Young, Baroness Young 1981–1983
William Whitelaw, 1st Viscount Whitelaw 1983–1988
John Ganzoni, 2nd Baron Belstead 1988–1990
David Waddington, Baron Waddington 1990–1992
John Wakeham, Baron Wakeham 1992–1994
Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, Viscount Cranborne 1994–1998
Thomas Galbraith, 2nd Baron Strathclyde 1998–2013
Jonathan Hill, Baron Hill of Oareford 2013–2014
Tina Stowell, Baroness Stowell of Beeston 2014–2016
Natalie Evans, Baroness Evans of Bowes Park 2016–present
Leaders in the House of Commons, 1834–1922[edit]
Those asterisked were considered the overall leader of the party.
Sir Robert Peel 18 December 1834[1]–1846*
Lord George Bentinck 1846–1847
Charles Manners, Marquess of Granby 9 February 1848 – 4 March 1848 – elected at a party meeting – see below
None 1848–1849
Jointly Benjamin Disraeli, Charles Manners, Marquess of Granby and John Charles Herries 1849–1852[5] – elected at a party meeting – see below
Benjamin Disraeli 1852–21 August 1876 (overall leader from 27 February 1868)
Sir Stafford Northcote 21 August 1876 – 24 June 1885 – appointed by Prime Minister the Earl of Beaconsfield
Sir Michael Hicks Beach 24 June 1885 – 3 August 1886 – appointed by Prime Minister the Marquess of Salisbury
Lord Randolph Churchill 3 August 1886 – 14 January 1887 – appointed by Prime Minister the Marquess of Salisbury
William Henry Smith 17 January 1887 – 6 October 1891 – appointed by Prime Minister the Marquess of Salisbury
Arthur Balfour 1891–13 January 1906[6] – appointed by Prime Minister the Marquess of Salisbury – (overall leader from 1902)
Joseph Chamberlain 1906
Arthur Balfour 1906–13 November 1911*
Bonar Law 13 November 1911 – 21 March 1921 – elected at a party meeting – see below (overall leader from 1916)
Austen Chamberlain 21 March 1921 – 23 October 1922 – elected at a party meeting – see below
Elections of Conservative leaders by party meeting[edit]
House of Commons[edit]
No.
Date of meeting
Name of leader elected
Category attending meeting
Location of meeting
Chair
Proposer
Seconder
Refs
1. 9 February 1848 Charles Manners, Marquess of Granby Protectionist commoners The residence of George Bankes MP [7]
[8]
2. 1 February 1849 Benjamin Disraeli, Charles Manners, Marquess of Granby, John Charles Herries The residence of Edward Smith-Stanley, Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe [9]
3. 13 November 1911 Bonar Law Unionist Members of Parliament Carlton Club, Pall Mall Henry Chaplin, senior Privy Councillor on the Unionist benches (appointed 1885) Walter Long Austen Chamberlain [10]
4. 21 March 1921 Austen Chamberlain Unionist Members of Parliament Carlton Club, Pall Mall Lord Edmund Talbot, Conservative Chief Whip Captain Ernest George Pretyman Sir Edward Coates, 'a back bencher and one of the rank and file' [11]
5. 23 October 1922 Bonar Law Unionist peers, MP's and candidates Hotel Cecil, The Strand The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, Leader of the House of Lords The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston Stanley Baldwin, 'chosen ... to be the spokesman for the House of Commons' [12]
6. 28 May 1923 Stanley Baldwin 'Conservative Party' Hotel Cecil, The Strand The Marquess Curzon of Kedleston, Leader of the House of Lords The Earl of Derby Captain Ernest George Pretyman 'a member of the House of Commons who [had] been a colleague in that House of Mr Bonar Law for something over 25 years' [13]
7. 31 May 1937 Neville Chamberlain 'peers and M.P.s who receive the Conservative whip, ... prospective candidates who have been adopted by constituency associations, and ... members of the executive committee of the National Union of Conservative and Unionist associations from England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.' Caxton Hall, Caxton Street The Viscount Halifax, Leader of the House of Lords The Earl of Derby Winston Churchill (Privy Councillor since 1907) [14]
8. 9 October 1940 Winston Churchill 'Peers and M.P.s who receive the Conservative whip, ... prospective candidates who have been adopted by constituency associations, and ... members of the Executive Committee of the National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations from England and Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland.' London The Viscount Halifax, Leader of the House of Lords The Viscount Halifax Sir George Courthope 'one of the senior back benchers of the party' [15]
9. 21 April 1955 Sir Anthony Eden 'Conservative and National Liberal members of the two Houses of Parliament, Conservative and National Liberal parliamentary candidates and members of the executive committee of the National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations' Church House, Dean's Yard, Westminster The Marquess of Salisbury, Leader of the House of Lords The Marquess of Salisbury Richard Austen Butler (Privy Councillor since 1939) [16]
10. 22 January 1957 Harold Macmillan 'Conservative and Unionist members of the House of Lords and the House of Commons, ... prospective parliamentary candidates and ... members of the executive committee of the National Union of Conservative and Unionist Associations. National Liberal members of both Houses of Parliament and adopted prospective candidates were also present' The Marquess of Salisbury, Leader of the House of Lords The Marquess of Salisbury Richard Austen Butler (Privy Councillor since 1939) [17]
11. 11 November 1963 Sir Alec Douglas-Home 'members of both Houses of Parliament taking the Conservative whip, prospective candidates who [had] been adopted by constituency associations, members of the executive of the mass party, and National Liberal MP's and adopted prospective candidates' Church House, Dean's Yard, Westminster The Lord Carrington, Leader of the House of Lords The Lord Carrington Geoffrey Lloyd, 'the senior Conservative Privy Councillor in the Commons next in line to Sir Winston Churchill' (appointed 1943) [18]
House of Lords[edit]
No.
Date of meeting
Name of leader elected
Category attending meeting
Location of meeting
Chair
Proposer
Seconder
Notes
1. 9 March 1846 Edward Smith-Stanley, Baron Stanley of Bickerstaffe Peers The residence of Charles Gordon-Lennox, 5th Duke of Richmond Archibald Montgomerie, 13th Earl of Eglinton [19]
2. 15 February 1869 Hugh Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns 23 peers James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury James Harris, 3rd Earl of Malmesbury [20]
3. 26 February 1870 Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond Peers The Carlton Club Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Edward Stanley, 15th Earl of Derby [21]
4. 9 May 1881 Robert Gascoyne-Cecil, 3rd Marquess of Salisbury Conservative members of the House of Lords The residence of William Nevill, 1st Marquess of Abergavenny William Nevill, 1st Marquess of Abergavenny Charles Gordon-Lennox, 6th Duke of Richmond Hugh Cairns, 1st Earl Cairns [22]
See also[edit]
British politics portal
Conservatism portal
Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)
Leader of the Labour Party (UK)
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Date of the Tamworth Manifesto
Jump up ^ Date on which Bonar Law became Leader of the House of Commons
Jump up ^ Date on which he became Leader of the House of Commons
Jump up ^ The Times, 17 June 1931
Jump up ^ Granby resigned 'either in the end of December [1851] or on one of the first days of January [1852]': Monypenny, William Flavelle; Buckle, George Earle (1914). The life of Benjamin Disraeli, earl of Beaconsfield, Volume III. New York: The Macmillan Company. pp. 312–3.
Jump up ^ Date on which he failed to be elected in Manchester East
Jump up ^ "A Cabinet Council was held at half-past 2 o'clock." Times [London, England] 10 Feb. 1848: 4. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 25 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Malmesbury, The Right Hon. [James Howard Harris,] the [3rd] Earl of (1885). Memoirs of an Ex-Minister. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. pp. 151–2.
Jump up ^ Monypenny, William Flavelle; Buckle, George Earle (1914). The life of Benjamin Disraeli, earl of Beaconsfield, Volume III. New York: The Macmillan Company. pp. 138–9.
Jump up ^ "The Unionist Leadership." Times [London, England] 14 Nov. 1911: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Unionist M.P.s' New Leader." Times [London, England] 22 Mar. 1921: 12. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Unionists Elect Mr. Bonar Law." Times [London, England] 24 Oct. 1922: 18. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 25 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Conservative Leader." Times [London, England] 29 May 1923: 19. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "The New Leader And The Old." Times [London, England] 1 June 1937: 17+. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Conservative Leader." Times [London, England] 10 Oct. 1940: 2. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Our Political Correspondent. "Sir A. Eden as Leader." Times [London, England] 22 Apr. 1955: 12. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 19 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Mr. Macmillan states Party philosophy", The Times, London, 23 January 1957
Jump up ^ Our Political Correspondent. (12 November 1963), "Prime Minister is Ageless", The Times, London, p. 12
Jump up ^ Malmesbury, The Right Hon. [James Howard Harris,] the [3rd] Earl of (1885). Memoirs of an Ex-Minister. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 124.
Jump up ^ Malmesbury, The Right Hon. [James Howard Harris,] the [3rd] Earl of (1885). Memoirs of an Ex-Minister. London: Longmans, Green, and Co. p. 645.
Jump up ^ "We are enabled to state that, in compliance with." Times [London, England] 28 Feb. 1870: 9. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 26 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Meeting Of The Conservative Peers." Times [London, England] 10 May 1881: 10. The Times Digital Archive. Web. 25 July 2014.
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values: William Nevill, 1st Marquess of Abergavenny

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values: Deputy Leader of the Conservative Party (UK)

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values: List of Conservative Party (UK) general election manifestos

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values: George Younger, 1st Viscount Younger of Leckie

values: Peter Brooke, Baron Brooke of Sutton Mandeville

values: Andrew Feldman, Baron Feldman of Elstree

values: Conservative Party (UK) leadership election, 1989

values: Conservative Party (UK) leadership election, 1995

values: List of organisations associated with the Conservative Party (UK)

values: Conservative Animal Welfare Group (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Countryside Forum (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Disability Group (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Friends of America (page does not exist)

values: Conservative History Group (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Humanist Association (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Health (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Education Society (page does not exist)

values: Conservative National Property Advisory Committee (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Rural Affairs Group (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Transport Group (page does not exist)

values: Conservative Women National Committee (page does not exist)

values: Conservatives 4 Cities (page does not exist)

values: Conservatives Against Fox Hunting (page does not exist)

values: Conservatives for International Travel (page does not exist)

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/wiki/Margaret_Thatcher_Foundation
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Margaret Thatcher Foundation

values: Tory Green Initiative (page does not exist)

values: Renewing One Nation (page does not exist)

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/wiki/European_People%27s_Party_Group
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European People's Party Group

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values: Category:Leaders of the Conservative Party (UK)

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values: Αρχηγός του Συντηρητικού Κόμματος (Ηνωμένο Βασίλειο) – Greek

values: Chef du Parti conservateur (Royaume-Uni) – French

values: Leder av det konservative parti (Storbritannia) – Norwegian

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values: Leader o the Conservative Pairty (UK) – Scots

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