text:
Computer programming
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Software development
Core activities
Processes
Requirements
Design
Engineering
Construction
Testing
Debugging
Deployment
Maintenance
Paradigms and models
Agile
Cleanroom
Incremental
Prototyping
Spiral
Waterfall
Methodologies and frameworks
DevOps
DSDM
FDD
IID
Kanban
Lean SD
MDD
MSF
PSP
RAD
SAFe
Scrum
SEMAT
TSP
UP
V-Model
XP
Supporting disciplines
Configuration management
Documentation
Software quality assurance (SQA)
Project management
User experience
Practices
ATDD
BDD
CCO
CI
CD
DDD
PP
Stand-up
TDD
Tools
Compiler
Debugger
Profiler
GUI designer
Modeling
IDE
Build automation
Release automation
Infrastructure as Code
Testing
Standards and BOKs
CMMI
IEEE standards
ISO 9001
ISO/IEC standards
SWEBOK
PMBOK
BABOK
v
t
e
Computer programming (often shortened to programming) is a process that leads from an original formulation of a computing problem to executable computer programs. Programming involves activities such as analysis, developing understanding, generating algorithms, verification of requirements of algorithms including their correctness and resources consumption, and implementation (commonly referred to as coding[1][2]) of algorithms in a target programming language. Source code is written in one or more programming languages. The purpose of programming is to find a sequence of instructions that will automate performing a specific task or solving a given problem. The process of programming thus often requires expertise in many different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms, and formal logic.
Related tasks include testing, debugging, and maintaining the source code, implementation of the build system, and management of derived artifacts such as machine code of computer programs. These might be considered part of the programming process, but often the term software development is used for this larger process with the term programming, implementation, or coding reserved for the actual writing of source code. Software engineering combines engineering techniques with software development practices.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Modern programming
2.1 Quality requirements
2.2 Readability of source code
2.3 Algorithmic complexity
2.4 Methodologies
2.5 Measuring language usage
2.6 Debugging
3 Programming languages
4 Programmers
5 See also
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
History[edit]
See also: History of programming languages
Ada Lovelace, whose notes added to the end of Luigi Menabrea's paper included the first algorithm designed for processing by an Analytical Engine. She is often recognized as history's first computer programmer.
Programmable devices have existed at least as far back as 1206 AD, when the automata of Al-Jazari were programmable, via pegs and cams, to play various rhythms and drum patterns;[3] and the 1801 Jacquard loom could produce entirely different weaves by changing the "program" - a series of pasteboard cards with holes punched in them.
However, the first computer program is generally dated to 1843, when mathematician Ada Lovelace published an algorithm to calculate a sequence of Bernoulli numbers, intended to be carried out by Charles Babbage's Analytical Engine.[4]
Data and instructions were once stored on external punched cards, which were kept in order and arranged in program decks.
In the 1880s Herman Hollerith invented the concept of storing data in machine-readable form.[5] Later a control panel (plugboard) added to his 1906 Type I Tabulator allowed it to be programmed for different jobs, and by the late 1940s, unit record equipment such as the IBM 602 and IBM 604, were programmed by control panels in a similar way; as were the first electronic computers. However, with the concept of the stored-program computers introduced in 1949, both programs and data were stored and manipulated in the same way in computer memory.
Machine code was the language of early programs, written in the instruction set of the particular machine, often in binary notation. Assembly languages were soon developed that let the programmer specify instruction in a text format, (e.g., ADD X, TOTAL), with abbreviations for each operation code and meaningful names for specifying addresses. However, because an assembly language is little more than a different notation for a machine language, any two machines with different instruction sets also have different assembly languages.
Wired control panel for an IBM 402 Accounting Machine.
High-level languages allow the programmer to write programs in terms that are more abstract, and less bound to the underlying hardware. They harness the power of computers to make programming easier[6] by allowing programmers to specify calculations by entering a formula directly (e.g., Y = X*2 + 5*X + 9). FORTRAN, the first widely used high-level language to have a functional implementation, came out in 1957[7] and many other languages were soon developed - in particular, COBOL aimed at commercial data processing, and Lisp for computer research.
Programs were mostly still entered using punched cards or paper tape. See computer programming in the punch card era. By the late 1960s, data storage devices and computer terminals became inexpensive enough that programs could be created by typing directly into the computers. Text editors were developed that allowed changes and corrections to be made much more easily than with punched cards.
Modern programming[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (August 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Quality requirements[edit]
Whatever the approach to development may be, the final program must satisfy some fundamental properties. The following properties are among the most important:
Reliability: how often the results of a program are correct. This depends on conceptual correctness of algorithms, and minimization of programming mistakes, such as mistakes in resource management (e.g., buffer overflows and race conditions) and logic errors (such as division by zero or off-by-one errors).
Robustness: how well a program anticipates problems due to errors (not bugs). This includes situations such as incorrect, inappropriate or corrupt data, unavailability of needed resources such as memory, operating system services and network connections, user error, and unexpected power outages.
Usability: the ergonomics of a program: the ease with which a person can use the program for its intended purpose or in some cases even unanticipated purposes. Such issues can make or break its success even regardless of other issues. This involves a wide range of textual, graphical and sometimes hardware elements that improve the clarity, intuitiveness, cohesiveness and completeness of a program's user interface.
Portability: the range of computer hardware and operating system platforms on which the source code of a program can be compiled/interpreted and run. This depends on differences in the programming facilities provided by the different platforms, including hardware and operating system resources, expected behavior of the hardware and operating system, and availability of platform specific compilers (and sometimes libraries) for the language of the source code.
Maintainability: the ease with which a program can be modified by its present or future developers in order to make improvements or customizations, fix bugs and security holes, or adapt it to new environments. Good practices[8] during initial development make the difference in this regard. This quality may not be directly apparent to the end user but it can significantly affect the fate of a program over the long term.
Efficiency/performance: Measure of system resources a program consumes (processor time, memory space, slow devices such as disks, network bandwidth and to some extent even user interaction): the less, the better. This also includes careful management of resources, for example cleaning up temporary files and eliminating memory leaks.
Readability of source code[edit]
In computer programming, readability refers to the ease with which a human reader can comprehend the purpose, control flow, and operation of source code. It affects the aspects of quality above, including portability, usability and most importantly maintainability.
Readability is important because programmers spend the majority of their time reading, trying to understand and modifying existing source code, rather than writing new source code. Unreadable code often leads to bugs, inefficiencies, and duplicated code. A study[9] found that a few simple readability transformations made code shorter and drastically reduced the time to understand it.
Following a consistent programming style often helps readability. However, readability is more than just programming style. Many factors, having little or nothing to do with the ability of the computer to efficiently compile and execute the code, contribute to readability.[10] Some of these factors include:
Different indent styles (whitespace)
Comments
Decomposition
Naming conventions for objects (such as variables, classes, procedures, etc.)
The presentation aspects of this (such as indents, line breaks, color highlighting, and so on) are often handled by the source code editor, but the content aspects reflect the programmer's talent and skills.
Various visual programming languages have also been developed with the intent to resolve readability concerns by adopting non-traditional approaches to code structure and display. Integrated development environments (IDEs) aim to integrate all such help. Techniques like Code refactoring can enhance readability.
Algorithmic complexity[edit]
The academic field and the engineering practice of computer programming are both largely concerned with discovering and implementing the most efficient algorithms for a given class of problem. For this purpose, algorithms are classified into orders using so-called Big O notation, which expresses resource use, such as execution time or memory consumption, in terms of the size of an input. Expert programmers are familiar with a variety of well-established algorithms and their respective complexities and use this knowledge to choose algorithms that are best suited to the circumstances.
Methodologies[edit]
The first step in most formal software development processes is requirements analysis, followed by testing to determine value modeling, implementation, and failure elimination (debugging). There exist a lot of differing approaches for each of those tasks. One approach popular for requirements analysis is Use Case analysis. Many programmers use forms of Agile software development where the various stages of formal software development are more integrated together into short cycles that take a few weeks rather than years. There are many approaches to the Software development process.
Popular modeling techniques include Object-Oriented Analysis and Design (OOAD) and Model-Driven Architecture (MDA). The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a notation used for both the OOAD and MDA.
A similar technique used for database design is Entity-Relationship Modeling (ER Modeling).
Implementation techniques include imperative languages (object-oriented or procedural), functional languages, and logic languages.
Measuring language usage[edit]
Main article: Measuring programming language popularity
It is very difficult to determine what are the most popular of modern programming languages. Methods of measuring programming language popularity include: counting the number of job advertisements that mention the language,[11] the number of books sold and courses teaching the language (this overestimates the importance of newer languages), and estimates of the number of existing lines of code written in the language (this underestimates the number of users of business languages such as COBOL).
Some languages are very popular for particular kinds of applications, while some languages are regularly used to write many different kinds of applications. For example, COBOL is still strong in corporate data centers[12] often on large mainframe computers, Fortran in engineering applications, scripting languages in Web development, and C in embedded software. Many applications use a mix of several languages in their construction and use. New languages are generally designed around the syntax of a prior language with new functionality added, (for example C++ adds object-orientation to C, and Java adds memory management and bytecode to C++, but as a result, loses efficiency and the ability for low-level manipulation).
Debugging[edit]
The bug from 1947 which is at the origin of a popular (but incorrect) etymology for the common term for a software defect.
Main article: Debugging
Debugging is a very important task in the software development process since having defects in a program can have significant consequences for its users. Some languages are more prone to some kinds of faults because their specification does not require compilers to perform as much checking as other languages. Use of a static code analysis tool can help detect some possible problems. Normally the first step in debugging is to attempt to reproduce the problem. This can be a non-trivial task, for example as with parallel processes or some unusual software bugs. Also, specific user environment and usage history can make it difficult to reproduce the problem.
After the bug is reproduced, the input of the program may need to be simplified to make it easier to debug. For example, a bug in a compiler can make it crash when parsing some large source file. However, after simplification of the test case, only few lines from the original source file can be sufficient to reproduce the same crash. Such simplification can be done manually, using a divide-and-conquer approach. The programmer will try to remove some parts of original test case and check if the problem still exists. When debugging the problem in a GUI, the programmer can try to skip some user interaction from the original problem description and check if remaining actions are sufficient for bugs to appear.
Debugging is often done with IDEs like Eclipse, Visual Studio, Xcode, Kdevelop, NetBeans and Code::Blocks. Standalone debuggers like GDB are also used, and these often provide less of a visual environment, usually using a command line. Some text editors such as Emacs allow GDB to be invoked through them, to provide a visual environment.
Programming languages[edit]
Main articles: Programming language and List of programming languages
Different programming languages support different styles of programming (called programming paradigms). The choice of language used is subject to many considerations, such as company policy, suitability to task, availability of third-party packages, or individual preference. Ideally, the programming language best suited for the task at hand will be selected. Trade-offs from this ideal involve finding enough programmers who know the language to build a team, the availability of compilers for that language, and the efficiency with which programs written in a given language execute. Languages form an approximate spectrum from "low-level" to "high-level"; "low-level" languages are typically more machine-oriented and faster to execute, whereas "high-level" languages are more abstract and easier to use but execute less quickly. It is usually easier to code in "high-level" languages than in "low-level" ones.
Allen Downey, in his book How To Think Like A Computer Scientist, writes:
The details look different in different languages, but a few basic instructions appear in just about every language:
Input: Gather data from the keyboard, a file, or some other device.
Output: Display data on the screen or send data to a file or other device.
Arithmetic: Perform basic arithmetical operations like addition and multiplication.
Conditional Execution: Check for certain conditions and execute the appropriate sequence of statements.
Repetition: Perform some action repeatedly, usually with some variation.
Many computer languages provide a mechanism to call functions provided by shared libraries. Provided the functions in a library follow the appropriate run-time conventions (e.g., method of passing arguments), then these functions may be written in any other language.
Programmers[edit]
Main article: Programmer
See also: Software developer and Software engineer
Computer programmers are those who write computer software. Their jobs usually involve:
Coding
Debugging
Documentation
Integration
Maintenance
Requirements analysis
Software architecture
Software testing
Specification
See also[edit]
Computer Science portal
Computing portal
Computer networking portal
Computer programming portal
Main article: Outline of computer programming
ACCU
Association for Computing Machinery
Computer networking
Hello world program
Institution of Analysts and Programmers
National Coding Week
System programming
The Art of Computer Programming
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Shaun Bebbington (2014). "What is coding". Retrieved 2014-03-03.
Jump up ^ Shaun Bebbington (2014). "What is programming". Retrieved 2014-03-03.
Jump up ^ Fowler, Charles B. (October 1967). "The Museum of Music: A History of Mechanical Instruments". Music Educators Journal. Music Educators Journal, Vol. 54, No. 2. 54 (2): 45–49. doi:10.2307/3391092. JSTOR 3391092.
Jump up ^ Fuegi, J.; Francis, J. (2003). "Lovelace & babbage and the creation of the 1843 'notes'". IEEE Annals of the History of Computing. 25 (4): 16. doi:10.1109/MAHC.2003.1253887.
Jump up ^ "Columbia University Computing History - Herman Hollerith". Columbia.edu. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
Jump up ^ "Fortran creator John Backus dies". msnbc.com. Retrieved 19 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Fortran creator John Backus dies - Tech and gadgets- msnbc.com". MSNBC. 2007-03-20. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
Jump up ^ "Programming 101: Tips to become a good programmer - Wisdom Geek". Wisdom Geek. 2016-05-19. Retrieved 2016-05-23.
Jump up ^ James L. Elshoff, Michael Marcotty, Improving computer program readability to aid modification, Communications of the ACM, v.25 n.8, p.512-521, Aug 1982.
Jump up ^ Multiple (wiki). "Readability". Docforge. Retrieved 2010-01-30.
Jump up ^ Survey of Job advertisements mentioning a given language
Jump up ^ Mitchell, Robert. "The Cobol Brain Drain". Computer World. Retrieved 9 May 2015.
Further reading[edit]
A.K. Hartmann, Practical Guide to Computer Simulations, Singapore: World Scientific (2009)
A. Hunt, D. Thomas, and W. Cunningham, The Pragmatic Programmer. From Journeyman to Master, Amsterdam: Addison-Wesley Longman (1999)
Brian W. Kernighan, The Practice of Programming, Pearson (1999)
Weinberg, Gerald M., The Psychology of Computer Programming, New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold (1971)
Edsger W. Dijkstra, A Discipline of Programming, Prentice-Hall (1976)
O.-J. Dahl, E.W.Dijkstra, C.A.R. Hoare, Structured Pogramming, Academic Press (1972)
David Gries, The Science of Programming, Springer-Verlag (1981)
External links[edit]
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Computer Programming
Wikibooks has a book on the topic of: Windows Programming
Wikiversity has learning resources about Computer Programming
Library resources about
Computer programming
Online books
Resources in your library
Resources in other libraries
Media related to Programming at Wikimedia Commons
Quotations related to Programming at Wikiquote
Software engineering at DMOZ
[show]
v
t
e
Major fields of computer science
Note: This template roughly follows the 2012 ACM Computing Classification System.
Hardware
Printed circuit board
Peripheral
Integrated circuit
Very-large-scale integration
Energy consumption
Electronic design automation
Computer systems
organization
Computer architecture
Embedded system
Real-time computing
Dependability
Networks
Network architecture
Network protocol
Network components
Network scheduler
Network performance evaluation
Network service
Software organization
Interpreter
Middleware
Virtual machine
Operating system
Software quality
Software notations
and tools
Programming paradigm
Programming language
Compiler
Domain-specific language
Modeling language
Software framework
Integrated development environment
Software configuration management
Software library
Software repository
Software development
Software development process
Requirements analysis
Software design
Software construction
Software deployment
Software maintenance
Programming team
Open-source model
Theory of computation
Model of computation
Formal language
Automata theory
Computational complexity theory
Logic
Semantics
Algorithms
Algorithm design
Analysis of algorithms
Randomized algorithm
Computational geometry
Mathematics
of computing
Discrete mathematics
Probability
Statistics
Mathematical software
Information theory
Mathematical analysis
Numerical analysis
Information
systems
Database management system
Information storage systems
Enterprise information system
Social information systems
Geographic information system
Decision support system
Process control system
Multimedia information system
Data mining
Digital library
Computing platform
Digital marketing
World Wide Web
Information retrieval
Security
Cryptography
Formal methods
Security services
Intrusion detection system
Hardware security
Network security
Information security
Application security
Human–computer
interaction
Interaction design
Social computing
Ubiquitous computing
Visualization
Accessibility
Concurrency
Concurrent computing
Parallel computing
Distributed computing
Multithreading
Multiprocessing
Artificial
intelligence
Natural language processing
Knowledge representation and reasoning
Computer vision
Automated planning and scheduling
Search methodology
Control method
Philosophy of artificial intelligence
Distributed artificial intelligence
Machine learning
Supervised learning
Unsupervised learning
Reinforcement learning
Multi-task learning
Cross-validation
Graphics
Animation
Rendering
Image manipulation
Graphics processing unit
Mixed reality
Virtual reality
Image compression
Solid modeling
Applied
computing
E-commerce
Enterprise software
Computational mathematics
Computational physics
Computational chemistry
Computational biology
Computational social science
Computational engineering
Computational healthcare
Digital art
Electronic publishing
Cyberwarfare
Electronic voting
Video game
Word processing
Operations research
Educational technology
Document management
Book
Category
Portal
WikiProject
Commons
[show]
v
t
e
Software engineering
Fields
Computer programming
Requirements engineering
Software deployment
Software design
Software maintenance
Software testing
Systems analysis
Formal methods
Concepts
Data modeling
Enterprise architecture
Functional specification
Modeling language
Orthogonality
Programming paradigm
Software
Software archaeology
Software architecture
Software configuration management
Software development methodology
Software development process
Software quality
Software quality assurance
Software verification and validation
Structured analysis
Orientations
Agile
Aspect-oriented
Object orientation
Ontology
Service orientation
SDLC
Models
Developmental
Agile
EUP
Executable UML
Incremental model
Iterative model
Prototype model
RAD
UP
Scrum
Spiral model
V-Model
Waterfall model
XP
Other
SPICE
CMMI
Data model
ER model
Function model
Information model
Metamodeling
Object model
Systems model
View model
Languages
IDEF
UML
USL
SysML
Software
engineers
Victor Basili
Kent Beck
Grady Booch
Fred Brooks
Barry Boehm
Peter Chen
Danese Cooper
Ward Cunningham
Tom DeMarco
Edsger W. Dijkstra
Delores M. Etter
Martin Fowler
Adele Goldstine
Margaret Hamilton
C. A. R. Hoare
Lois Haibt
Mary Jean Harrold
Grace Hopper
Watts Humphrey
Michael A. Jackson
Ivar Jacobson
Alan Kay
Nancy Leveson
Stephen J. Mellor
Bertrand Meyer
David Parnas
Trygve Reenskaug
Winston W. Royce
James Rumbaugh
Mary Shaw
Peri Tarr
Elaine Weyuker
Niklaus Wirth
Edward Yourdon
Related fields
Computer science
Computer engineering
Project management
Risk management
Systems engineering
Category
Commons
Authority control
LCCN: sh85107310
GND: 4076370-5
BNF: cb11932648m (data)
NDL: 00569223
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Computer_programming&oldid=805136196"
Categories:
Computer programming
Computers
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from August 2010
All articles needing additional references
Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata
Articles with DMOZ links
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikibooks
Wikiquote
Wikiversity
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
Aragonés
Asturianu
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Български
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
ಕನ್ನಡ
Қазақша
Кыргызча
Latina
Latviešu
Lietuvių
La .lojban.
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Монгол
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Олык марий
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
پنجابی
ភាសាខ្មែរ
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
Shqip
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
ไทย
Тоҷикӣ
Türkçe
Türkmençe
ᨅᨔ ᨕᨘᨁᨗ
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
ייִדיש
Zazaki
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 13 October 2017, at 08:49.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

value: tr

value: li

values:
/wiki/Software_development_methodology
mw-redirect
Software development methodology

values:
/wiki/Model-driven_development
mw-redirect
Model-driven development

values:
/wiki/Continuous_Integration
mw-redirect
Continuous Integration

values:
/wiki/Continuous_Delivery
mw-redirect
Continuous Delivery

values:
/wiki/Pair_Programming
mw-redirect
Pair Programming

values: Template talk:Software development process

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/Luigi_Menabrea
mw-redirect
Luigi Menabrea

values:
/wiki/Bernoulli_numbers
mw-redirect
Bernoulli numbers

values:
/wiki/Electronic_computer
mw-redirect
Electronic computer

values:
/wiki/Instruction_set
mw-redirect
Instruction set

values:
/wiki/Binary_numeral_system
mw-redirect
Binary numeral system

values: Comparison of instruction set architectures

values:
/wiki/IBM_402_Accounting_Machine
mw-redirect
IBM 402 Accounting Machine

values:
/wiki/High-level_language
mw-redirect
High-level language

values:
/wiki/Abstraction_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Abstraction (computer science)

values: Computer programming in the punch card era

values:
/wiki/Data_storage_device
mw-redirect
Data storage device

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: Edit section: Readability of source code

values:
/wiki/Code_duplication
mw-redirect
Code duplication

values:
/wiki/Indent_style
mw-redirect
Indent style

values:
/wiki/Naming_conventions_(programming)
mw-redirect
Naming conventions (programming)

values:
/wiki/Model-Driven_Architecture
mw-redirect
Model-Driven Architecture

values:
/wiki/Entity-Relationship_Model
mw-redirect
Entity-Relationship Model

values: Measuring programming language popularity

values:
/wiki/Static_code_analysis
mw-redirect
Static code analysis

values:
/wiki/Visual_Studio
mw-redirect
Visual Studio

values:
/wiki/Command_line
mw-redirect
Command line

values:
/wiki/Allen_Downey
mw-redirect
Allen Downey

values:
/wiki/Shared_library
mw-redirect
Shared library

values:
/wiki/Argument_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Argument (computer science)

values: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

values: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

values:
/wiki/Portal:Computer_Science
mw-redirect
Portal:Computer Science

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values:
/wiki/Portal:Computer_networking
mw-redirect
Portal:Computer networking

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
/wiki/Hello_world_program
mw-redirect
Hello world program

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F3391092

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/3391092

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1109%2FMAHC.2003.1253887

values:
nofollow
http://www.msnbc.msn.com/id/17704662/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://docforge.com/wiki/Readability

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
plainlist
padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;text-align:left;

values: float:right;clear:right;width:auto;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/Network_protocol
mw-redirect
Network protocol

values:
/wiki/Compiler_construction
mw-redirect
Compiler construction

values:
/wiki/Database_management_system
mw-redirect
Database management system

values: Computer security compromised by hardware failure

values:
/wiki/Visualization_(computer_graphics)
mw-redirect
Visualization (computer graphics)

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4076370-5

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from August 2010

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Computer_programming
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: برمجة – Arabic

values: কম্পিউটার প্রোগ্রামিং – Bangla

values: Праграмаванне – Belarusian

values: Кампутарнае праграмаваньне – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values: Програмиране – Bulgarian

values: Προγραμματισμός – Greek

values: برنامه‌نویسی – Persian

values: 컴퓨터 프로그래밍 – Korean

values: Ծրագրավորում – Armenian

values: क्रमानुदेशन – Hindi

values: תכנות מחשבים – Hebrew

values: ಕಂಪ್ಯೂಟರ್ ಪ್ರೋಗ್ರಾಮಿಂಗ್ – Kannada

values: Бағдарламалау – Kazakh

values: Программалоо – Kyrgyz

values:
https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/sampla
sampla – Lojban
jbo
jbo
interlanguage-link-target

values: Програмирање – Macedonian

values: കമ്പ്യൂട്ടർ പ്രോഗ്രാമിങ്ങ് – Malayalam

values: Програмчлал – Mongolian

values: プログラミング (コンピュータ) – Japanese

values: Программлымаш – Eastern Mari

values: کمپیوٹر پروگرامنگ – Western Punjabi

values: កុំព្យូទ័រផ្រូក្រាមមីង(Computer programming) – Khmer

values: Programação de computadores – Portuguese

values: Программирование – Russian

values: Програмирање – Serbian

values: கணினி நிரலாக்கம் – Tamil

values: การเขียนโปรแกรมคอมพิวเตอร์ – Thai

values: Барномасозӣ – Tajik

values: ᨅᨔ ᨄᨛᨑᨚᨁᨛᨑᨆᨗ – Buginese

values: Програмування – Ukrainian

values: کمپیوٹر پروگرامنگ – Urdu

values: קאמפיוטער פראגראמירן – Yiddish

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Computer_programming rootpage-Computer_programming vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Garfield
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 6 January 2018.
Jump to: navigation, search
This article relies too much on references to primary sources. Please improve this by adding secondary or tertiary sources. (November 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article is about the comic strip. For the title character, see Garfield (character). For the film, see Garfield: The Movie. For other uses, see Garfield (disambiguation).
Garfield
From left to right:
Nermal, Odie, Garfield, Arlene, and Pooky
Author(s)
Jim Davis
Website
Garfield.com
Current status / schedule
Running/Daily
Launch date
19 June 1978; 39 years ago (1978-06-19)
Syndicate(s)
Universal Press Syndicate (1994–present)
United Feature Syndicate (1978–1993)
Publisher(s)
Random House (under Ballantine Books), occasionally Andrews McMeel Publishing
Genre(s)
Humor
Garfield is an American comic strip created by Jim Davis. Published since 1978, it chronicles the life of the title character, the cat Garfield; Jon Arbuckle, his owner; and Jon's dog, Odie. As of 2013, it was syndicated in roughly 2,580 newspapers and journals, and held the Guinness World Record for being the world's most widely syndicated comic strip.[1]
Though this is rarely mentioned in print, Garfield is set in Muncie, Indiana, the home of Jim Davis, according to the television special Happy Birthday, Garfield. Common themes in the strip include Garfield's laziness, obsessive eating, coffee, and disdain of Mondays and diets. The strip's focus is mostly on the interactions among Garfield, Jon, and Odie, but other recurring minor characters appear as well. Originally created with the intentions to "come up with a good, marketable character",[2] Garfield has spawned merchandise earning $750 million to $1 billion annually. In addition to the various merchandise and commercial tie-ins, the strip has spawned several animated television specials, two animated television series, two theatrical feature-length live-action/CGI animated films, and three fully CGI animated direct-to-video movies.
Part of the strip's broad pop cultural appeal is due to its lack of social or political commentary; though this was Davis's original intention, he also admitted that his "grasp of politics isn't strong," joking that, for many years, he thought "OPEC was a denture adhesive".[3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Marketing
3 Media
3.1 Internet
3.2 Television
3.3 Movies
3.4 Video games
3.5 Stage
3.6 Comic book
3.7 Art book
4 Main characters
4.1 Garfield
4.2 Jon Arbuckle
4.3 Odie
4.4 Dr. Liz Wilson
5 Recurring subjects and themes
5.1 Short storylines
5.2 Paws, Inc.
6 2010 Veterans Day controversy
7 Bibliography
7.1 Primary sources
7.2 Secondary sources
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
In the 1970s, Davis created a comic strip called Gnorm Gnat, which met with little success. One editor said, "his art was good, his gags were great," but that "nobody can identify with Bugs." Davis decided to take a long, hard look at the comics and he saw that dogs were doing very well, but there were no cats at the time. Davis figured that since he had grown up on a farm with 25 cats that he could come up with a strip based on a cat. He then proceeded to create a new strip with a cat as its main character and thus created Garfield, who borrows the first letter of his name from Davis's earlier work.[5] Garfield originally consisted of four main characters. Garfield, the titular character, was based on the cats Davis was around growing up; he took his name and personality from Davis's grandfather, James A. Garfield Davis,[6] who was, in Davis's words, "a large, cantankerous man". Jon Arbuckle came from a 1950s coffee commercial, and Odie was based on a car dealership commercial written by Davis, which featured Odie the Village Idiot. Early on in the strip, Odie's owner was a man named Lyman. He was written in to give Jon someone to talk with. Davis later realized that Garfield and Jon could "communicate nonverbally". The strip, originally centered on Jon, was first rejected by the King Features, Post-Hall and the Chicago Tribune-New York News agencies, all of which asked Davis to focus on the cat, who in their opinion, got the better lines. United Feature Syndicate accepted the retooled strip in 1978 and debuted it in 41 newspapers on June 19[7] of that year (however, after a test run, the Chicago Sun-Times dropped it, only to reinstate it after readers' complaints).[1][8] Garfield's first Sunday page ran on June 25, 1978,[9] being featured as a third-pager until March 22, 1981.[10] A half-page debuted the following Sunday, March 29,[11] with the strips for March 14[12] and 21, 1982,[13] having a unique nine-panel format, but UFS curtailed further use of it (it did, however, allow Davis to use the format for his U.S. Acres strip).
The appearance of the characters gradually changed over time.[14] The left panel is taken from the March 7, 1980 strip; the right is from the July 6, 1990 strip.
The strip underwent stylistic changes, evolving from the realistic style of the 1978–83 strips, to a more cartoonish look from 1984 onward. This change has mainly affected Garfield's design, which underwent a "Darwinian evolution" in which he began walking on his hind legs, "slimmed down", and "stopped looking [...] through squinty little eyes".[citation needed] His evolution, according to Davis, was to make it easier to "push Odie off the table" or "reach for a piece of pie". Jon also underwent physiological changes. He now looks older than in the 1990 strips - he is taller and he has larger features.
Garfield quickly became a commercial success. In 1981, less than three years after its release, the strip appeared in 850 newspapers and accumulated over $15 million in merchandise. To manage the merchandise, Davis founded Paws, Inc.[15] By 2002, Garfield became the world's most syndicated strip, appearing in 2,570 newspapers with 263 million readers worldwide;[1] by 2004, Garfield appeared in nearly 2,600 newspapers and sold from $750 million to $1 billion worth of merchandise in 111 countries.[2] In 1994, Davis's company, Paws, Inc., purchased all rights to the strips from 1978 to 1993 from United Feature. The strip is currently distributed by Universal Press Syndicate, while rights for the strip remain with Paws.
While retaining creative control and being the only signer, Davis now only writes and usually does the rough sketches. Since the late 1990s most of the work has been done by long-time assistants Brett Koth and Gary Barker. Inking and coloring work is done by other artists, while Davis spends most of the time supervising production and merchandising the characters.[2]
Marketing[edit]
See also: Garfield merchandise and Garfield statues
Garfield was originally created by Davis with the intention to come up with a "good, marketable character".[2] Now the world's most syndicated comic strip, Garfield has spawned a "profusion"[2] of merchandise including clothing, toys, games, books, Caribbean cruises, credit cards, dolls,[16] DVDs of the movies or the TV series,[17] and related media.[18]
Media[edit]
Internet[edit]
Garfield.com is the strip's official website, containing archives of past strips along with games and an online store. Jim Davis has also collaborated with Ball State University and Pearson Digital Learning to create Professor Garfield, an educational website with interactive games focusing on math and reading skills, and with Children's Technology Group to create MindWalker, a web browser that allows parents to limit the websites their children can view to a pre-set list.[19][20][21]
A variety of edited Garfield strips have been made available on the Internet, some hosted on their own unofficial, dedicated sites. Dating from 2005, a site called the "Garfield Randomizer" created a three-panel strip using panels from previous Garfield strips.[22] Another approach, known as "Silent Garfield",[23] involves removing Garfield's thought balloons from the strips.[24] Some examples date from 2006.[25] A webcomic called Arbuckle does the above but also redraws the originals in a different art style. The Arbuckle website creator writes: "'Garfield' changes from being a comic about a sassy, corpulent feline, and becomes a compelling picture of a lonely, pathetic, delusional man who talks to his pets. Consider that Jon, according to Garfield canon, cannot hear his cat's thoughts. This is the world as he sees it. This is his story".[26] Another variation along the same lines, called "Realfield" or "Realistic Garfield", is to redraw Garfield as a real cat as well as removing his thought balloons.[27][28] Still another approach to editing the strips involves removing Garfield and other main characters from the originals completely, leaving Jon talking to himself. While strips in this vein can be found online as early as 2006,[25] the 2008 site Garfield Minus Garfield by Dan Walsh received enough online attention to be covered by news media. Reception was largely positive: at its peak, the site received as many as 300,000 hits per day. Fans connected with Jon's "loneliness and desperation" and found his "crazy antics" humorous; Jim Davis himself called Walsh's strips an "inspired thing to do" and said that "some of [the strips] work better [than the originals]".[29][30] Ballantine Books, which publishes the Garfield books, released a volume of Garfield Minus Garfield strips on October 28, 2008. The volume retains Davis as author and features a foreword by Walsh.[27]
Television[edit]
Garfield's animation debut was on The Fantastic Funnies, which aired on CBS in May 15, 1980, voiced by actor Scott Beach. Garfield was one of the strips featured, introduced as a newcomer (the strip was only two years old at the time). From 1982 to 1991, twelve primetime Garfield cartoon specials and one hour-long primetime documentary celebrating the character's 10th anniversary were aired; Lorenzo Music voiced Garfield in all of them. A television cartoon show, Garfield and Friends, aired for seven seasons from 1988 to 1994; this adaption also starred Music as the voice of Garfield. The Garfield Show, a CGI series, started development in 2007 to coincide with the strip's 30th anniversary the following year.[31] It premiered in France in December 2008 and made its U.S. debut on Cartoon Network on November 2, 2009.
Movies[edit]
Garfield: The Movie was released in theaters on June 11, 2004. Its sequel, Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties, was released on June 16, 2006. Three direct-to-video films were released, Garfield Gets Real on August 9, 2007, Garfield's Fun Fest on August 5, 2008, and Garfield's Pet Force on June 16, 2009. On May 24, 2016, it was announced that Alcon Entertainment will develop a new CG animated Garfield movie with John Cohen and Steven P. Wegner ready to produce.[32][33]
Video games[edit]
Garfield: Big Fat Hairy Deal is a 1987 video game for the Atari ST, ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, Amstrad CPC and the Amiga based on the comic strip. Towa Chiki made A Week of Garfield for the Family Computer, released only in Japan in 1989. Sega also made video games based on Garfield for the Genesis (Garfield: Caught in the Act) and Windows 3.1 computers. Other companies made games, such as A Tale of Two Kitties for the DS, published by Game Factory, Garfield's Nightmare for DS, Garfield's Funfest for DS, and Garfield Labyrinth for Game Boy. On PlayStation 2 were Garfield and Garfield 2 (known in the US as Garfield, a Tale of Two Kitties). Garfield Lasagna World Tour was also made for PS2. And recent additions for mobile devices are "Garfield's Diner" and "Garfield's Zombie Defense".
Konami also released a Garfield Handheld electronic game titled Lasagnator in 1991, which met with mild success.
In 2012, a series of Garfield video games was launched by French publisher Anuman Interactive, including My Puzzles with Garfield!, Multiplication Tables with Garfield, Garfield Kart, and Garfield's Match Up.[34]
Stage[edit]
Joseph Papp, producer of A Chorus Line, discussed making a Garfield stage musical, but due to some complications, it never got off ground. A full-length stage musical, titled "Garfield Live", was planned to kick off its US tour in September 2010, but got moved to January 18, 2011, where it premiered in Muncie, Indiana. The book was written by Jim Davis, with music and lyrics by Michael Dansicker and Bill Meade, and it was booked by AWA Touring Services. The opening song, "Cattitude" can be heard on the national tour's website, along with two more, "On the Fence," and "Going Home!".[35] When the North-American tour concluded in 2012, it toured throughout Asia.
Comic book[edit]
In agreement with Paws, Boom! Studios launched in May 2012 a monthly Garfield comic book, with the first issue featuring a story written by Mark Evanier (who has supervised Garfield and Friends and The Garfield Show) and illustrated by Davis's long-time assistant Gary Barker.[36]
Art book[edit]
In 2016, Hermes Press signed an agreement with Paws, Inc to publish an art book on the art of author Jim Davis, titled The Art of Jim Davis' Garfield.[37] The book includes an essay by author R.C. Harvey and other original material, and was released in July 2016 for the San Diego Comic-Con.[37]
Main characters[edit]
Main article: List of characters in the Garfield franchise
Characters
Garfield Television Specials
Television Series
Theatrical Films
Animated Films
Garfield and Friends
The Garfield Show
Garfield:
The Movie
Garfield 2:
A Tail of Two Kitties
Garfield
Gets Real
Garfield's
Fun Fest
Garfield's
Pet Force
1982 — 1991
1988 — 1994
2008 — Present
2004
2006
2007
2008
2009
Garfield
Lorenzo Music Frank Welker Bill Murray Frank Welker
Jon Arbuckle
Thom Huge
Sandy Kenyon Thom Huge Wally Wingert Breckin Meyer Wally Wingert
Odie
Gregg Berger Tyler and Chloe Gregg Berger
Dr. Liz Wilson
Julie K. Payne Jennifer Love Hewitt Vanessa Marshall
Nermal
Desirée Goyette Jason Marsden David Eigenberg Jason Marsden
Arlene
Silent Cameo Audrey Wasilewski Debra Messing Audrey Wasilewski
:^α Jon was played by Sandy Kenyon in Here Comes Garfield
Through the Garfield strips, there have been many additional characters, but the main ones are described here.
Garfield[edit]
First appearance: June 19, 1978
I'm not overweight, I'm undertall.
Garfield At Large: his First Book (1980)[38]
Garfield is an orange, fuzzy tabby cat born in the kitchen of an Italian restaurant (later revealed in the television special Garfield: His 9 Lives to be Mama Leoni's Italian Restaurant) who immediately ate all the pasta and lasagna in sight, thus developing his love and obsession for lasagna and pizza.[39][40]
Gags in the strips commonly deal with Garfield's obesity (in one strip, Jon jokes, "I wouldn't say Garfield is fat, but the last time he got on a Ferris wheel, the two guys on top starved to death"),[41] and his disdain of any form of exertion or work. He is known for saying "breathing is exercise". In addition to being portrayed as lazy and fat, Garfield is also pessimistic, narcissistic, sadistic, cynical, sarcastic, sardonic, negative and smug. He enjoys destroying things, mauling the mailman, tormenting Odie, and kicking Odie off the table; he also makes snide comments, usually about Jon's inability to get a date (in one strip, when Jon bemoans the fact that no one will go out with him on New Year's Eve, Garfield replies, "Don't feel bad Jon. They wouldn't go out with you even if it weren't New Year's").[42]
Though Garfield can be very cynical, he does have a soft side for his teddy bear, Pooky, food and sleep, and one Christmas he says, "they say I have to get up early, be nice to people, skip breakfast... I wish it would never end." However, in the feature film Garfield Gets Real and its sequels, Garfield is better behaved, friendlier towards Jon and Odie, less self-centered, and more sympathetic.
It has been wondered by many readers if Garfield can actually be understood by the human characters around him. Sometimes, it seems like Jon can hear him. However, it is mentioned in more than one strip that Jon cannot understand Garfield.[43] However, in the feature film Garfield Gets Real and its sequels, Garfield and the other animals save for Odie are able to talk to, and be understood by, Jon and the other humans. In the 1 April (April Fools' Day) 1997 strip,[44] Garfield, still with thought balloons, can be understood by Jon.
To break the fourth wall, 19 June is celebrated within the strip as Garfield's birthday. The appearance in 1979 claimed it to be his first birthday, although in the first appearance of the strip (19 June 1978), he was portrayed as a fully-grown cat, implying that the birthday is of the strip itself.[45]
Jon Arbuckle[edit]
First appearance: June 19, 1978
Jon: Here's my sixth-grade report card. My parents were so proud.
Garfield, reading the report card: "Jon has not shoved any crayons up his nose this term."
Garfield (1996)[46]
Jon (Jonathan Q. Arbuckle) is Garfield's owner, usually depicted as an awkward clumsy geek who has trouble finding a date. Jon had a crush on Liz (Garfield's veterinarian) and is now dating her. Jon disapproves of Garfield's "don't care, not interested," attitude, and often encourages his pet to take an interest in the world around him, sometimes stating an interesting fact, or asking a philosophical question in an attempt to prompt Garfield into thought, Garfield tends to brush this off with a simple, yet logical remark, and despite the trouble Garfield causes, Jon has a heart of gold and is very tolerant of Garfield's shortcomings, a fact which Garfield often takes advantage of. In the December 23, 1980 strip, Jon states that he is thirty years old (nominally meaning he should presently be in his sixties, although he has not aged physically). His birthday is July 28.[47][48]
Jon loves (or occasionally hates) Garfield and all cats. Many gags focus on this; his inability to get a date is usually attributed to his lack of social skills, his poor taste in clothes (Garfield remarked in one strip after seeing his closet that "two hundred moths committed suicide";[49] in another, the "geek police" ordered Jon to "throw out his tie"),[50] and his eccentric interests which range from stamp collecting to measuring the growth of his toenails to watching movies with "polka ninjas". Other strips portray him as lacking intelligence (he is seen reading a pop-up book in one strip).[51]
Jon was born on a farm that apparently contained few amenities; in one strip, his father, upon seeing indoor plumbing, remarks, "Woo-ha! Ain't science something?"[52] Jon occasionally visits his parents, brother and grandmother at their farm. It was implied that Jon is inspired by a drawing of Davis himself when he was first drawing the strip. Jon was initially portrayed as a cartoonist in earlier strips, as Jim Davis stated this would've been a way to express his own frustrations as a cartoonist himself, but this eventually faded in the later strips.
Odie[edit]
First appearance: August 8, 1978[53]
Jon: I think I'm having some kind of identity crisis.
Garfield, walking past Odie who is lying in a kitchen drawer: He thinks he's having an identity crisis....Odie thinks he's a potato peeler.
Garfield (1991)[54]
Odie is a yellow, long-eared beagle with a large, slobbering tongue, who walks on all four legs, though occasionally he will walk on two like Garfield. He was originally owned by Jon's friend Lyman, though Jon adopted him after Lyman was written out of the strip. The book Garfield: His 9 Lives (1984) retcons Odie's origin: there is no mention of Lyman, and Odie was a puppy when he was acquired by Jon as company for Garfield (when Garfield was a kitten). Odie is usually portrayed as naïve, happy, affectionate and blissfully unaware of Garfield's cynical, sadistic nature, despite the physical abuse Garfield exhibits toward him, including regularly kicking him off the kitchen table or tricking him into going over the edge himself. On some occasions, however, he is depicted more intelligently, as one strip, in which he holds a heavy rock to prevent Garfield from doing this, and actually hurts Garfield's foot. In one strip when Garfield and Jon are out of the house, Odie is seen reading War and Peace and watching a television program, An Evening With Mozart.[55] Odie has only talked once. In another strip, published on January 28, 2010, he is seen solving Jon's sudoku puzzle.
Dr. Liz Wilson[edit]
First appearance: June 26, 1979
Jon: Tell me, Liz, haven't we met somewhere before? A rice paddy in Hong Kong?

Liz: Look, jerk. I'll be the vet for your cat, but I won't play fall guy for your stupid lines. Understood?
Jon, shocked: Uh-huh. So long, doctor.

Liz: Have a nice day.
Garfield (1979)[56]
Dr. Liz Wilson is Garfield's veterinarian and a long-time crush of Jon Arbuckle. She has a somewhat deadpan, sardonic persona and almost always reacts negatively to Jon's outlandish and goofball behavior but can even find it endearing on occasion. Jon often attempted to ask her out on a date, but rarely succeeded; however, in an extended story arc from June 19 to July 29, 2006 (the main event on July 28), Liz and Jon kiss. Now, they are a couple.[57]
Recurring subjects and themes[edit]
Many of the gags focus on Garfield's obsessive eating and obesity; his dislike of spiders; his hatred of Mondays, diets, and any form of exertion; his constant shedding (which annoys Jon); and his abuse of Odie and Jon as well as his obsession with mailing Nermal to Abu Dhabi, or simply throwing through the front door. Though he will eat nearly anything (with the exception of raisins and spinach), Garfield is particularly fond of lasagna; he also enjoys eating Jon's houseplants and other pets (mainly birds and fish). He also has odd relationships with household pests; Garfield generally spares mice, and even cooperates with them to cause mischief (much to Jon's chagrin), but will readily swat or pound spiders flat. Other gags focus on Jon's poor social skills and inability to get a date; before he started dating Liz, he often tried to get dates, usually without success (in one strip, after failing to get a date with "Nancy", he tries getting a date with her mother and grandmother; he ended up getting "shot down by three generations").[58] When he does get a date, it usually goes awry; Jon's dates have slashed his tires, been tranquilized, and called the police when he stuck carrots in his ears. The storylines featuring Jon's dates rarely appear now. Before, he had dates with many odd characters, whereas now, he exclusively dates Liz.
Garfield's world has specific locations that appear normally on the comic strips, like the Vet's office, a place he loathes. Irma's Diner is another occasional setting. Irma is a chirpy but slow-witted and unattractive waitress/manager, and one of Jon's few friends. The terrible food is the center of most of the jokes, along with the poor management. Jon periodically visits his parents and brother on the farm. This results in week-long comical displays of stupidity by Jon and his family, and their interactions. There is a comic strip where Jon's brother Doc Boy is watching two socks in the dryer spinning and Doc Boy calls it entertainment. On the farm, Jon's mother will cook huge dinners; Garfield hugs her for this. Jon has a grandmother who, in a strip, kicked Odie; Garfield subsequently hugged her. Jon's parents have twice visited Jon, Garfield, and Odie in the city. Jon's father drove into town on his tractor (which he double-parked) and brought a rooster to wake him up. As Garfield has a love for food, they will often eat out at restaurants. Most trips end up embarrassing because Garfield will pig out, or Jon will do something stupid, including wearing an ugly shirt, which happened one night when he took Liz on a date. When Jon does take Liz on a date, Garfield occasionally tags along---once, he ate the bread and other food at an Italian restaurant they went to.[59] Frequently, the characters break the fourth wall, mostly to explain something to the readers, talk about a subject that often sets up the strip's punchline (like Jon claiming that pets are good for exercise right before he finds Garfield in the kitchen and chases him out),[60] or give a mere glare when a character is belittled or not impressed. Sometimes, this theme revolves around the conventions of the strip; for example, in one strip, Garfield catches a cold and complains about it, noting, "I can hardy eben understad by own thoughts."[61]
Short storylines[edit]
One particular semi-recurring storyline features Jon and Liz on a date in a restaurant. They sometimes are waited on by the Italian Armando, who is refined and sophisticated and shows a great loathing towards Jon, presumably for his immature and uncouth behavior at the prestigious eatery. On other occasions, the couple receives a different waiter, such as a large ogre-like man who intimidates Jon when he is about to report a complaint about the food.
Another commonly recurring character, although hardly ever seen, is Jon's neighbor, Mrs. Feeny. Garfield seems to take both enormous pride and excess zeal in doing whatever it takes to harass her, to the point the she even erects an electric fence (which of course, does not stop him.)
Other unique themes are things like "Garfield's Believe it or Don't",[62] "Garfield's Law",[63] "Garfield's History of Dogs",[64] and "Garfield's History of Cats",[65] which show science, history, and the world from Garfield's point of view. Another particular theme is "National Fat Week", where Garfield spends the week making fun of skinny people. Also, there was a storyline involving Garfield catching Odie eating his food and "kicking Odie into next week".[66] Soon, Garfield realizes that "Lunch isn't the same without Odie. He always slips up behind me, barks loudly and makes me fall into my food," (Garfield subsequently falls into his food by himself).[67] A few days after the storyline began, Garfield is lying in his bed with a "nagging feeling I'm forgetting something," with Odie landing on Garfield in the next panel.[68] Jon and Liz began to go out more frequently, Jon has started hiring pet sitters to look after Garfield and Odie, though they do not always work out. Two particular examples are Lillian, an eccentric (and very nearsighted) old lady with odd quirks, and Greta, a muscle bound woman who was hired to look after the pets during New Year's Eve. Most of December is spent preparing for Christmas, with a predictable focus on presents. Other Christmas themed strips include Jon's attempts at decorating the tree and house, or the attempt to buy the tree. Some years, the Christmas strips started as early as the end of November. Another example is "Splut Week", when Garfield tries to avoid pies that are thrown at him. For most of Garfield's history, being hit with a pie has inevitably resulted in the onomatopoeia 'splut', hence the name.
Every week before June 19, the strip focuses on Garfield's birthday, which he dreads because of his fear of getting older. This started happening after his sixth birthday. However, before his 29th birthday, Liz put Garfield on a diet. On June 19, 2007, Garfield was given the greatest birthday present: "I'M OFF MY DIET!" Occasionally the strip celebrates Halloween as well with scary-themed jokes, such as mask gags. There are also seasonal jokes, with snow-related gags common in January or February and beach or heat themed jokes in the summer.
Right panel of October 27, 1989 strip.
One storyline, which ran the week before Halloween in 1989 (Oct 23 to Oct 28), is unique among Garfield strips in that it is not meant to be humorous. It depicts Garfield awakening in a future in which the house is abandoned and he no longer exists. In Garfield's Twentieth Anniversary Collection, in which the strips are reprinted, Jim Davis discusses the genesis for this series:
During a writing session for Halloween, I got the idea for this decidedly different series of strips. I wanted to scare people. And what do people fear most? Why, being alone. We carried out the concept to its logical conclusion and got a lot of responses from readers. Reaction ranged from 'Right on!' to 'This isn't a trend, is it?'
One of the recurring storylines involves Garfield getting lost or running away. The longest one of these lasted for over a month (in 1986 August 25 to September 28); it began with Jon telling Garfield to go get the newspaper. Garfield walks outside to get it, but speculates about what will happen if he wanders off – and decides to find out. Jon notices Garfield has been gone too long, so he sends Odie out to find him. He quickly realizes his mistake (Odie, being not too bright, also gets lost). Jon starts to get lonely, so he offers a reward for the return of Garfield and Odie. He is not descriptive, so animals including an elephant, monkeys, a seal, a snake, a kangaroo and joey, and turtles are brought to Jon's house for the reward. After a series of events, including Odie being adopted by a small girl, both pets meeting up at a circus that they briefly joined, and both going to a pet shop, Garfield and Odie make it back home.
Another story involved Jon going away on a business trip around Christmas time, leaving Garfield a week's worth of food, which he devoured instantly. Garfield then leaves the house and gets locked out. He then reunites with his mother, and eventually makes it back home in the snow on Christmas Eve (1984 December 3 to 23). Part of this storyline was taken from the 1983 Emmy-winning special Garfield on the Town.
Paws, Inc.[edit]
Paws, Inc.[69] was founded in 1981 by Jim Davis to support the Garfield comic strip and its licensing. It is located in Muncie, Indiana and has a staff of nearly 50 artists and licensing administrators. In 1994, the company purchased all rights to the Garfield comic strips from 1978 to 1993 from United Feature Syndicate. However, the original black and white daily strips and original color Sunday strips remain copyrighted to United Feature Syndicate. The full color daily strips and recolored Sunday strips are copyrighted to Paws as they are considered a different product. Though rights to the strip remain with Paws, Inc., it is currently distributed by Universal Press Syndicate.
2010 Veterans Day controversy[edit]
The controversial comic strip
Davis attracted criticism from the mainstream media for a Garfield strip in which the last panel appeared to be a negative reference to Veterans Day that appeared in newspapers on November 11, 2010. In the strip, a spider who is about to be squashed by Garfield boasts that if he is squished, he will get a holiday in his remembrance. The next panel shows a classroom of spiders in which a teacher asks the students why spiders celebrate "National Stupid Day," implying that the spider was squished.[70] Davis quickly apologized for the poorly timed comic strip, saying that it had been written a year in advance and that both his brother and son were veterans.[71]
Bibliography[edit]
Primary sources[edit]
Davis, Jim (1998). 20 Years & Still Kicking!: Garfield's Twentieth Anniversary Collection. New York: Ballantine Books. ISBN 978-0-345-42126-5.
Davis, Jim (2004). In Dog Years I'd be Dead: Garfield at 25. Random House, Incorporated. ISBN 978-0-345-45204-7.
Secondary sources[edit]
Price, Nelson (1997). Indiana Legends: Famous Hoosiers from Johnny Appleseed to David Letterman. Emmis Books. ISBN 978-1-57860-006-9.
Choron, Sandra; Choron, Harry; Moore, Arden (2007). Planet Cat: A Cat-alog. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 978-0-618-81259-2.
Hoffmann, Frank W.; Bailey, William G. (1994). Fashion & Merchandising Fads. Haworth Press. ISBN 978-1-56023-031-1.
Hurd, Jud (2004). Cartoon Success Secrets: A Tribute to 30 Years of Cartoonist Profiles. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7407-3809-8.
Rogers, Katharine M. (2001). The Cat and the Human Imagination: Feline Images from Bast to Garfield. University of Michigan Press. ISBN 978-0-472-08750-1.
Thomas, Phyllis (2007). Indiana: Off the Beaten Path : a Guide to Unique Places. Globe Pequot. ISBN 978-0-7627-4414-5.
Mansour, David (2005). From Abba to Zoom: A Pop Culture Encyclopedia of the Late 20th Century. Andrews McMeel Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7407-5118-9.
Lang, J. Stephen (2004). 1,001 Things You Always Wanted to Know about Cats. Wiley. ISBN 978-0-7645-6926-5.
Inde, Vilis R. (1998). Art in the Courtroom: piracy or fair use?. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-275-95971-5.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Garfield Named World's Most Syndicated Comic Strip". Business Wire. January 22, 2002. Retrieved July 26, 2008. [dead link]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Suellentrop, Chris (June 11, 2004). "Why we don't hate Garfield". Slate. Retrieved April 30, 2008.
Jump up ^ Johnson, Beth (June 19, 1998). "Tales of the Kitty". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Everybody loves Garfield". The Star. Retrieved August 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ Davis. 20 Years & Still Kicking!: Garfield's Twentieth Anniversary Collection. p. 14.
Jump up ^ Hall, Gerrard (October 6, 2000). "The cat's meow". CNN. Archived from the original on February 14, 2009. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". June 19, 1978. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Those Catty Cartoonists (fee required)". Time. December 7, 1981. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". June 25, 1978. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". March 22, 1981. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". March 29, 1981. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". March 14, 1982. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". March 21, 1982. Retrieved April 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ Barron, James (April 19, 2001). "Boldface Names". New York Times. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Those Catty Cartoonists". Time. December 7, 1981. p. 2. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Hindu : Grab your Garfield now". Hinduonnet.com. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
Jump up ^ "Article: Garfield's ready to share the lasagna. – The Dallas Morning News (via Knight-Ridder/Tribune NewsService)". Highbeam.com. 2005-04-26. Retrieved 2010-01-10. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Garfield Credit Card". Commerce Bank. Retrieved August 8, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Ball State University, Garfield Partner on New Website". Inside Indiana Business. August 22, 2005. Archived from the original on October 16, 2005. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ Lee, Zion (March 19, 2001). "Garfield to Guard Web Sites". San Diego Business Journal. Retrieved Jun 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Garfield Hangs Ten on the World Wide Wave". PR Newswire. May 1, 2001. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ The application is still available online; do a web search for "Garfield" + "randomizer".
Jump up ^ "Silent Garfield". Retrieved May 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Jon's View". Retrieved May 24, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Garfield". Truth and Beauty Bombs Forum. January 30, 2006. Retrieved December 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Arbuckle: Garfield through Jon's eyes". Tailsteak.com. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Hamrah, A. S. (November 14, 2008). "The tabby vanishes". The National. Abu Dhabi: thenational.ae. Retrieved December 25, 2008. Review of Garfield Minus Garfield (Ballantine Books, 2008)
Jump up ^ "Continuing in the 'making fun of Garfield tradition' I give you Realistic Garfield". CollegeHumor. February 29, 2008. Retrieved December 25, 2008. (hotlink)
Jump up ^ Doty, Cate (June 2, 2008). "Is the Main Character Missing? Maybe Not". The New York Times. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ "When the Cat's Away, Neurosis Is on Display". The Washington Post. April 6, 2008. Retrieved July 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ "New CG Garfield To Air On Cartoon Network". Animation World Network. June 26, 2008. Archived from the original on March 5, 2009. Retrieved January 5, 2009.
Jump up ^ "'Garfield' Animated Movie in the Works at Alcon". May 26, 2016. Retrieved November 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Garfield is Getting a Fully CG-Animated Movie Reboot". Retrieved November 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.capsulecomputers.com.au/2013/10/garfield-kart-new-details-and-pictures/
Jump up ^ "Garfield Live on Stage". Archived from the original on October 11, 2009.
Jump up ^ "New Garfield Comic Book".
^ Jump up to: a b Herman, Daniel. "[SOLICITATIONS] THE ART OF JIM DAVIS' GARFIELD TO BE RELEASED BY HERMES PRESS". Major Spoilers. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield PressRoom: A Brief History". Paws Inc. Archived from the original on April 10, 2003. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. December 14, 1984. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ Phil Roman (Director), Lorenzo Music (Voice). Garfield: His Nine Lives [Television production] (Television (Original), VHS). Fox Home Entertainment.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. May 2, 1980. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. December 28, 2000. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Gocomics.com. August 15, 2009. Archived from the original on September 4, 2014. Retrieved July 8, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Gocomics.com. April 1, 1997. Retrieved March 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Garfield Comics". February 28, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. March 11, 1996. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. July 28, 2005. Archived from the original on August 8, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. July 28, 2008. Archived from the original on August 8, 2016. Retrieved July 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. January 10, 2002. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. August 11, 1989. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. March 24, 1990. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. November 27, 1984. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. August 8, 1978. Retrieved August 7, 2006.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. September 12, 1991. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. April 27, 1989. Retrieved July 26, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Garfield". Garfield.com. June 30, 1979. Retrieved March 29, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Garfield's Comic Strip Archives at Garfield.com – The Official Web Site of Garfield & Friends". Garfield.com. Archived from the original on July 11, 2011. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". June 14, 1996. Retrieved August 5, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. August 19, 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. January 25, 1992. Retrieved June 21, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. November 27, 1978. Retrieved June 21, 2008.
Jump up ^ Jim Davis (January 20, 1986). "Garfield's Believe it, or DON'T". Garfield.nfshost.com. Archived from the original on July 12, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Jim Davis (November 8, 1982). "Garfield's law". garfield.nfshost.com. Archived from the original on July 10, 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Jim Davis (September 1, 1980). "Garfield Comic Strips September 1980". garfield.nfshost.com. Archived from the original on July 8, 2012. Retrieved 15 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Jim Davis (August 6, 1979). "Garfield's history of cats garfield.nfshost.com :: search garfield". Garfield.nfshost.com. Archived from the original on July 9, 2012. Retrieved April 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. June 29, 1984. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. June 30, 1984. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Garfield Vault Strip". Garfield.com. July 2, 1984. Retrieved June 6, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Running Paws, Inc. – The Evolution of Dog Walking Reaches 100th Client – Business News from Send2Press Newswire 10/12/04". Send2press.com. 2004-10-12. Archived from the original on October 20, 2004. Retrieved 2010-01-10.
Jump up ^ "Garfield Comic Strip Archive". garfield.com. November 11, 2010. Archived from the original on November 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ "'Garfield' creator apologizes for ill-timed Veterans Day comic strip". CNN. November 12, 2010.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Garfield
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Garfield.
Official website
Garfield at Don Markstein's Toonopedia. Archived from the original on August 1, 2016.
The Garfield Show
Official website of the stage musical
[show]
v
t
e
Andrews McMeel Universal
Andrews McMeel
Universal Uclick (Universal Press Syndicate
Uclick)
AMUSE
Comic strips
Adam@home
Argyle Sweater
Baker Street Puzzle
Baldo
Biographic
Bloom County
Brainwaves
Breaking Cat News
Calvin and Hobbes
Cathy
Cleats
Close to Home
Condorito
Cornered
Cul de Sac
Doonesbury
The Duplex
The Elderberries
The 5th Wave
The Flying McCoys
For Better or For Worse
FoxTrot
Fred Basset
The Fusco Brothers
Garfield
Gaturro
Ginger Meggs
Heart of the City
In the Bleachers
In the Sticks
Ink Pen
James Bond
Judge Dredd
La Cucaracha
Liō
Mutt and Jeff
Non Sequitur
Off the Mark
Overboard
Peanuts
Phoebe and Her Unicorn
Pooch Café
Real Life Adventures
Red and Rover
Ronaldinho Gaucho
Shortcuts
Stone Soup
Tank McNamara
Thatababy
Tom the Dancing Bug
W. T. Duck
You Can with Beakman and Jax
Ziggy
Editorial
cartoons
Tony Auth
Bad Reporter
Stuart Carlson
Lalo Alcaraz
Glenn McCoy
Pat Oliphant
Ted Rall
Ben Sargent
Tom Toles
Kerry Waghorn
Editorial/
commentary
Ann Coulter
Maggie Gallagher
Georgie Anne Geyer
Ted Rall
Richard Reeves
David Shribman
Cynthia Tucker
Lifestyle
Ask the Headhunter
Cookbook Nook
Dear Abby
Eugenia Last
Figuratively Speaking
Focus on the Family
On Ethics
The Needleworks
News of the Weird
Pet Connection
Scott Burns
7-Day Menu Planner
Smart Moves
Supermarket Sampler
Tell Me A Story
Other
Daily Front Row
Dare to Ask
Do Just One Thing
Earthweek
Roger Ebert
Hidato
The Independent
Magic Eye
The Mini Page
The Motley Fool
Timothy Parker
RealStyle
Religion News Service
Whatzit?
Wheels
Wonderword
[show]
v
t
e
Garfield by Jim Davis
Characters
Garfield
Jon Arbuckle
Odie
Television
Here Comes Garfield
Garfield on the Town
Garfield in the Rough
Garfield's Halloween Adventure
Garfield in Paradise
Garfield Goes Hollywood
A Garfield Christmas
Happy Birthday, Garfield
Garfield: His 9 Lives
Garfield and Friends
Episodes
Garfield's Babes and Bullets
Garfield's Thanksgiving
Garfield's Feline Fantasies
Garfield Gets a Life
The Garfield Show
Episodes
Films and DVDs
Garfield home media
Garfield: The Movie
Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties
Garfield Gets Real
Garfield's Fun Fest
Garfield's Pet Force
Garfield and Friends: Behind the Scenes
Books
Garfield At Large: His First Book
Pet Force
Video games
Garfield: Big Fat Hairy Deal
Garfield: Winter's Tail
A Week of Garfield
Garfield Labyrinth
Garfield: Caught in the Act
Garfield: The Search for Pooky
Garfield
Garfield and His Nine Lives
Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties
Garfield's Nightmare
Garfield's Fun Fest
Garfield Gets Real
The Garfield Show: Threat of the Space Lasagna
Other
Garfield merchandise
U.S. Acres
Gnorm Gnat
Comic strip switcheroo
Garfield Minus Garfield
Am I Cool or What?
Paws, Inc.
Comics portal
Cartoon portal
United States portal
1970s portal
1980s portal
1990s portal
2000s portal
2010s portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Garfield&oldid=818901784"
Categories:
American culture
Comic strips set in the United States
Comics about cats
Comics about dogs
Garfield
Indiana culture
Comics featuring anthropomorphic characters
Media franchises
Self-reflexive comics
American comic strips
1978 comics debuts
Gag-a-day comics
Comics characters introduced in 1978
American comics adapted into films
Comics adapted into television series
Comics adapted into animated series
Comics adapted into video games
Slice of life comics
Hidden categories:
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from March 2017
Wikipedia pending changes protected pages
Articles lacking reliable references from November 2012
All articles lacking reliable references
Use mdy dates from April 2013
Pages using deprecated image syntax
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from February 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikiquote
Languages
አማርኛ
العربية
Asturianu
Bân-lâm-gú
Български
Boarisch
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Català
Cebuano
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
Galego
한국어
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Interlingua
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Basa Jawa
ქართული
Latina
Latviešu
Magyar
മലയാളം
मराठी
Bahasa Melayu
Nāhuatl
Nederlands
日本語
Нохчийн
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Picard
Polski
Português
Română
Runa Simi
Русский
Scots
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Soomaaliga
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Татарча/tatarça
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
ייִדיש
粵語
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 6 January 2018, at 07:28.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: img

values: Page protected with pending changes level 1

attrs: href title

values: All edits by unregistered and new users are subject to review prior to becoming visible to unregistered users

attrs: class id

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class src alt title

values: Changes must be reviewed before being displayed on this page.

attrs: id class src style alt

attrs: class href

attrs: id style class

values: flaggedrevs_short flaggedrevs_stable_synced plainlinks noprint nomobile

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class

value: td

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Primary_sources

values:
/wiki/Garfield_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Garfield (disambiguation)

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background-color: ; color:

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Arlene_(Garfield_character)
mw-redirect
Arlene (Garfield character)

values:
/wiki/Pooky_(Garfield_character)
mw-redirect
Pooky (Garfield character)

values:
nofollow
http://www.garfield.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/Guinness_World_Record
mw-redirect
Guinness World Record

values:
/wiki/Post-Hall_Syndicate
mw-redirect
Post-Hall Syndicate

values:
/wiki/Daily_News_(New_York)
mw-redirect
Daily News (New York)

values:
/wiki/Sunday_page
mw-redirect
Sunday page

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Garfield: A Tail of Two Kitties (video game)

values:
/wiki/Garfield_Labyrinth
mw-redirect
Garfield Labyrinth

values:
/wiki/Anuman_Interactive
mw-redirect
Anuman Interactive

values:
/wiki/R.C._Harvey
mw-redirect
R.C. Harvey

values: List of characters in the Garfield franchise

values:
/wiki/Julie_K._Payne
mw-redirect
Julie K. Payne

values: background: #ececec; color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;

values: float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em; width:310px; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #F9F9F9;

values: Edit section: Recurring subjects and themes

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Joey_(marsupial)
mw-redirect
Joey (marsupial)

values:
/wiki/United_Feature_Syndicate
mw-redirect
United Feature Syndicate

values: Edit section: 2010 Veterans Day controversy

values:
/wiki/Veterans_Day_(United_States)
mw-redirect
Veterans Day (United States)

values:
/wiki/Wiley_(publisher)
mw-redirect
Wiley (publisher)

values:
nofollow
http://www.slate.com/id/2102299/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://jonsview.tumblr.com

values:
nofollow
http://tailsteak.com/arbuckle/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://movieweb.com/movie/garfield/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://garfieldthemusical.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/Fox_Home_Entertainment
mw-redirect
Fox Home Entertainment

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.garfield.com/comics

values:
nofollow
http://garfield.nfshost.com/1980/09/
external text

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://garfield.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://toonopedia.com/garfield.htm

values:
nofollow
http://thegarfieldshow.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/Cornered_(comic_strip)
mw-redirect
Cornered (comic strip)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: The Garfield Show: Threat of the Space Lasagna

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Category:Comic strips set in the United States

values: Category:Comics featuring anthropomorphic characters

values: Category:Comics characters introduced in 1978

values: Category:American comics adapted into films

values: Category:Comics adapted into television series

values: Category:Comics adapted into animated series

values: Category:Comics adapted into video games

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from March 2017

values: Category:Wikipedia pending changes protected pages

values: Category:Articles lacking reliable references from November 2012

values: Category:All articles lacking reliable references

values: Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Garfield
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
/w/index.php?title=Garfield&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: غارفيلد – Arabic

values:
https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Asturian
ast
ast
interlanguage-link-target

values: Гарфилд (комикс) – Bulgarian

values:
https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Bavarian
bar
bar
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Bosnian
bs
bs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Breton
br
br
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Cebuano
ceb
ceb
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Danish
da
da
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Greek
el
el
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values: گارفیلد – Persian

values:
https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Irish
ga
ga
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Galician
gl
gl
interlanguage-link-target

values: गारफ़ील्ड – Hindi

values:
https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Indonesian
id
id
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Interlingua
ia
ia
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values: גארפילד (קומיקס) – Hebrew

values:
https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Javanese
jv
jv
interlanguage-link-target

values: გარფილდი – Georgian

values:
https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Latin
la
la
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values: ഗാർഫീൽ‍ഡ് – Malayalam

values: गारफील्ड – Marathi

values:
https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Malay
ms
ms
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://nah.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Nāhuatl
nah
nah
interlanguage-link-target

values: ガーフィールド (漫画) – Japanese

values: Гарфилд – Chechen

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pusur
Pusur – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Picard
pcd
pcd
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Romanian
ro
ro
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Quechua
qu
qu
interlanguage-link-target

values: Гарфилд (комикс) – Russian

values:
https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Scots
sco
sco
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Slovak
sk
sk
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Slovenian
sl
sl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Somali
so
so
interlanguage-link-target

values: Гарфилд – Serbian

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Karvinen
Karvinen – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values: Гарфилд – Tatar

values: การ์ฟีลด์ – Thai

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values: Гарфілд (комікс) – Ukrainian

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Garfield
Garfield – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values: גארפילד – Yiddish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Garfield rootpage-Garfield skin-vector action-view