text:
United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Comparison of the presidential elections of 1876, 1888, 2000, and 2016, in which the Electoral College winners lost the popular vote; only in 1876 did the unsuccessful candidate receive more than 50 percent
There have been five United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote including the 1824 election, which was the first U.S. presidential election where the popular vote was recorded.[1] Losing the popular vote means securing less of the national popular vote than the person who received either a majority or a plurality of the vote.[2][3]
In the U.S. presidential election system, instead of the nationwide popular vote determining the outcome of the election, the President of the United States is determined by votes cast by electors of the Electoral College. Alternatively, if no candidate receives an absolute majority of electoral votes, the election is determined by the House of Representatives. These procedures are governed by the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution.
When individuals cast ballots in the general election, they are choosing electors and telling them whom they should vote for in the Electoral College. The "national popular vote" is the sum of all the votes cast in the general election, nationwide. The presidential elections of 1876, 1888, 2000, and 2016 produced an Electoral College winner who did not receive the most votes in the general election.[4][5][6] In 1824, there were six states in which electors were legislatively appointed, rather than popularly elected, so the true national popular vote is uncertain. When no candidate received a majority of electoral votes in 1824, the election was decided by the House of Representatives. For these two reasons, the 1824 election is distinguishable from the latter four elections, which were held after all states had instituted the popular selection of electors, and in each of which a single candidate won an outright majority of electoral votes, thus becoming president without a contingent election in the House of Representatives.[7] The true national popular vote total was also uncertain in the 1960 election, and the plurality winner depends on how votes for Alabama electors are allocated.[8]
Contents
[hide]
1 Elections
1.1 1824: John Quincy Adams
1.2 1876: Rutherford B. Hayes
1.3 1888: Benjamin Harrison
1.4 2000: George W. Bush
1.5 2016: Donald Trump
2 Comparative table of elections
3 1960 Alabama results ambiguity
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Elections[edit]
1824: John Quincy Adams[edit]
Andrew Jackson (left) won more of the popular vote than elected President John Quincy Adams (right) in 1824.
The 1824 presidential election was the first election in American history in which the popular vote mattered, as 18 states chose presidential electors by popular vote in 1824 (six states still left the choice up to their state legislatures). When the final votes were tallied in those 18 states, Andrew Jackson polled 152,901 popular votes to John Quincy Adams's 114,023; Henry Clay won 47,217, and William H. Crawford won 46,979. The electoral college returns, however, gave Jackson only 99 votes, 32 fewer than he needed for a majority of the total votes cast. Adams won 84 electoral votes followed by 41 for Crawford, and 37 for Clay.[9] All four candidates in the election identified with the Democratic-Republican Party.
As no candidate secured the required number of votes (131 total) from the Electoral College, the election was decided by the House of Representatives under the provisions of the Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution. Only the top three candidates in the electoral vote were admitted as candidates in this contingent election. Henry Clay, as the candidate with the fewest electoral votes, was eliminated from the deliberation. As Speaker of the House, however, Clay was still the most important player in determining the outcome of the election. The election was held on February 9, 1825, with each state having one vote, as determined by the wishes of the majority of each state's congressional representatives. Adams emerged as the winner with a one-vote margin of victory. Most of Clay's supporters, joined by several old Federalists, switched their votes to Adams in enough states to give him the election. Soon after his inauguration as President, Adams appointed Henry Clay as his secretary of state.[9] This result became a source of great bitterness for Jackson and his supporters, who proclaimed the election of Adams a "corrupt bargain," and were inspired to create the Democratic Party.[10][11]
1876: Rutherford B. Hayes[edit]
Samuel J. Tilden (left) won more of the popular vote than elected President Rutherford B. Hayes (right) in 1876.
The 1876 presidential election was one of the most contentious and controversial presidential elections in American history. The result of the election remains among the most disputed ever, although there is no question that Democrat Samuel J. Tilden of New York outpolled Ohio's Republican Rutherford B. Hayes in the popular vote, with Tilden winning 4,288,546 votes and Hayes winning 4,034,311. Tilden was, and remains, the only candidate in American history who lost a presidential election despite receiving a majority (not just a plurality) of the popular vote.[12]
After a first count of votes, Tilden won 184 electoral votes to Hayes' 165, with 20 votes unresolved. These 20 electoral votes were in dispute in four states: in the case of Florida, Louisiana, and South Carolina, each party reported its candidate had won the state, while in Oregon one elector was declared illegal (as an "elected or appointed official") and replaced. The question of who should have been awarded these electoral votes is at the heart of the ongoing debate about the election of 1876.
An informal deal was struck to resolve the dispute: the Compromise of 1877, which awarded all 20 electoral votes to Hayes. In return for the Democrats' acquiescence in Hayes' election, the Republicans agreed to withdraw federal troops from the South, ending Reconstruction. The Compromise effectively ceded power in the Southern states to the Democratic Redeemers, who went on to pursue their agenda of returning the South to a political economy resembling that of its pre-war condition, including the disenfranchisement of black voters.[13][14]
1888: Benjamin Harrison[edit]
Grover Cleveland (left) won more of the popular vote than elected President Benjamin Harrison (right) in 1888.
In the 1888 election, Grover Cleveland of New York, the incumbent president and a Democrat, tried to secure a second term against the Republican nominee Benjamin Harrison, a former U.S. Senator from Indiana. The economy was prosperous and the nation was at peace, but although Cleveland received 90,596 more votes than Harrison, he lost in the Electoral College. Harrison won 233 electoral votes, Cleveland only 168.
Tariff policy was the principal issue in the election. Harrison took the side of industrialists and factory workers who wanted to keep tariffs high, while Cleveland strenuously denounced high tariffs as unfair to consumers. His opposition to Civil War pensions and inflated currency also made enemies among veterans and farmers. On the other hand, he held a strong hand in the South and border states, and appealed to former Republican Mugwumps.
Harrison swept almost the entire North and Midwest (losing only Connecticut and New Jersey), and narrowly carried the swing states of New York and Indiana (Harrison's home state) by a margin of 1% or less to achieve a majority of the electoral vote. Unlike the election of 1884, the power of the Tammany Hall political machine in New York City helped deny Cleveland the electoral votes of his home state.[15][16]
2000: George W. Bush[edit]
Al Gore (left) won more of the popular vote than elected President George W. Bush (right) in 2000.
The 2000 presidential election pitted Republican candidate George W. Bush (the incumbent governor of Texas and son of former president George H. W. Bush) against Democratic candidate Al Gore (the incumbent Vice President of the United States under Bill Clinton). Despite Gore receiving 543,895 more votes (0.51% of all votes cast), the Electoral College chose Bush as president by a vote of 271 to 266.[17]
Vice President Gore secured the Democratic nomination with relative ease. Bush was seen as the early favorite for the Republican nomination, and despite a contentious primary battle with Senator John McCain and other candidates, secured the nomination by Super Tuesday. Many third-party candidates also ran, most prominently Ralph Nader. Bush chose former Secretary of Defense Dick Cheney as his running mate, and Gore chose Senator Joe Lieberman as his. Both major-party candidates focused primarily on domestic issues, such as the budget, tax relief, and reforms for federal social-insurance programs, though foreign policy was not ignored.[18]
The result of the election hinged on voting in Florida, where Bush's narrow margin of victory of just 537 votes out of almost 6 million votes cast on election night triggered a mandatory recount. Litigation in select counties started additional recounts, and this litigation ultimately reached the United States Supreme Court. The Court's contentious decision in Bush v. Gore, announced on December 12, 2000, ended the recounts, effectively awarding Florida's votes to Bush and granting him the victory. Later studies have reached conflicting opinions on who would have won the recount had it been allowed to proceed.[19] Nationwide, George Bush received 50,456,002 votes (47.87%) and Gore received 50,999,897 (48.38%).[17]
2016: Donald Trump[edit]
Hillary Clinton (left) won more of the popular vote than elected President Donald Trump (right) in 2016.
The 2016 presidential election featured Democratic nominee Hillary Clinton (former U.S. Senator from New York, Secretary of State, and First Lady to President Bill Clinton) and Republican nominee Donald Trump, a billionaire businessman (owner of the Trump Organization[20][21]) from New York City, who had no prior political experience or service in the military. Both nominees had turbulent journeys in primary races,[22][23] and were seen unfavorably by the general public.[24] The election saw multiple third-party candidates,[25] and there were over a million write-in votes cast.[26]
During the 2016 election, "pre-election polls fueled high-profile predictions that Hillary Clinton’s likelihood of winning the presidency was about 90 percent, with estimates ranging from 71 to over 99 percent."[27] National polls were generally accurate, showing a Clinton lead of about 3% in the national popular vote (she ultimately won the national popular vote by 2.1%).[27] State-level polls "showed a competitive, uncertain contest...but clearly under-estimated Trump’s support in the Upper Midwest."[27] Trump exceeded expectations on Election Day by winning the traditionally Democratic Rust Belt states of Michigan, Pennsylvania, and Wisconsin by narrow margins.[28] Clinton recorded lopsided margins in large states such as California, Illinois and New York while coming closer to winning Texas, Arizona and Georgia than any Democratic nominee since the turn of the millennium.[29] Clinton also won the safely Democratic medium-sized states such as Maryland, Massachusetts, New Jersey, and Washington with vast margins. Clinton managed to edge out Trump in Virginia, a swing state where her running mate Tim Kaine had served as Governor. Trump also won the traditional bellwether state of Florida by a tight margin along with the recent battleground state of North Carolina, further contributing to the electoral flip of the popular vote. Trump won by a large margin in Indiana, Missouri, Ohio and Tennessee with most of Trump's larger wins coming in smaller states.
When the Electoral College cast its votes on December 19, 2016,[30] Trump received 304 votes to Clinton's 227 with seven electors defecting to other choices, the most faithless electors (2 from Trump, 5 from Clinton) in any presidential election in over a hundred years. Clinton had nonetheless received almost three million more votes (65,853,516 to 62,984,825) in the general election than Trump, giving Clinton a popular vote lead of 2.1% over Trump.[29][31]
After the election, Trump falsely claimed that he "won the popular vote if you deduct the millions of people who voted illegally."[32] Trump repeated this falsehood in a meeting with members of Congress in 2017,[32] and in a speech in April 2018.[33]
Comparative table of elections[edit]
Democratic-Republican · DR Democratic · D Republican · R
Election
Winner and party
Electoral College
Popular vote[a]
Runner-up and party
Turnout[a]
Votes
%
Votes
Margin
%
Margin
%
1824 Adams,John Quincy Adams DR 84/261 32.18% 113,122 −38,149 30.92% −10.44% Jackson,Andrew Jackson DR 26.90%
1876 Hayes,Rutherford B. Hayes R 185/369 50.14% 4,034,311 −254,235 47.92% −3.02% Tilden,Samuel J. Tilden D 81.80%
1888 Harrison,Benjamin Harrison R 233/401 58.10% 5,443,892 −90,596 47.80% −0.79% Cleveland,Grover Cleveland D 79.30%
2000[17] Bush,George W. Bush R 271/538 50.37% 50,456,002 −543,895 47.87% −0.51% Gore,Al Gore D 51.20%
2016[31] Trump,Donald Trump R 304/538 55.50% 62,984,825 −2,868,691 46.09% −2.10% Clinton,Hillary Clinton D 56.30%
1960 Alabama results ambiguity[edit]
There is disagreement about whether Richard Nixon (left) or elected President John F. Kennedy (right) won more of the popular vote in 1960.
Main article: United States presidential election in Alabama, 1960
In the 1960 United States presidential election, Democratic candidate John F. Kennedy defeated Republican candidate Richard Nixon. Kennedy is generally considered to have won the popular vote as well, by a narrow margin, but based on the unusual nature of the election in Alabama, political journalists John Fund and Sean Trende have argued that Nixon actually won the popular vote.[35][36][37]
Historian and Kennedy associate Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr. wrote that, "It is impossible to determine what Kennedy's popular vote in Alabama was" and under one scenario "Nixon would have won the popular vote by 58,000".[38] A third major candidate in the 1960 election was Harry Flood Byrd, Sr. who won 15 electoral votes nationwide that year. According to political scientist Steven Schier, "If one divides the Alabama Democratic votes proportionately between the Kennedy and Byrd slates, Nixon ekes out a 50,000 vote popular plurality...."[39][40]
See also[edit]
Contemporary issues and criticism of the Electoral College
List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin
List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin
List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received
National Popular Vote Interstate Compact
United States' presidential plurality victories
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Popular vote and voter turnout figures for the 1824 election exclude Delaware, Georgia, Louisiana, New York, South Carolina, and Vermont. In all of these states, the electors were chosen by the state legislatures rather than by popular vote.[34]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "1824 Presidential election goes to the House". History. Retrieved December 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Streb, Matthew J. (2015-10-30). Rethinking American Electoral Democracy. Routledge. p. 172. ISBN 9781317519829. OCLC 928999469.
Jump up ^ Savage, David (November 11, 2016). "For the fourth time in American history, the president-elect lost the popular vote. Credit the electoral college". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved November 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Edwards III, George C. (2011). Why the Electoral College is Bad for America (Second ed.). New Haven and London: Yale University Press. ISBN 978-0-300-16649-1.
Jump up ^ Chang, Alvin (November 9, 2016). "Trump will be the 4th president to win the Electoral College after getting fewer votes than his opponent". Vox. Retrieved November 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ "2016 Presidential Election". National Archives and Records Administration. Retrieved November 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Electoral College Mischief, The Wall Street Journal, September 8, 2004". Opinionjournal.com. Retrieved August 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Did JFK Lose the Popular Vote?". RealClearPolitics. October 22, 2012. Retrieved October 23, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "John Quincy Adams: Campaigns and Elections". Miller Center of Public Affairs, University of Virginia. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Election of 1824 Was Decided in the House of Representatives: The Controversial Election was Denounced as 'The Corrupt Bargain'", Robert McNamara, About.com
Jump up ^ Stenberg, R. R. (1934). "Jackson, Buchanan, and the "Corrupt Bargain" Calumny". The Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography. 58 (1): 61–85. doi:10.2307/20086857.
Jump up ^ Faber, Richard and Bedford, Elizabeth. Domestic Programs of the American Presidents: A Critical Evaluation, p. 81 (McFarland 2008): "While other presidential candidates have received a plurality of popular votes and lost, Tilden has been the only presidential candidate to receive a majority of the popular vote and lose."
Jump up ^ Jones, Stephen A.; Freedman, Eric (2011). Presidents and Black America. CQ Press. p. 218. ISBN 9781608710089. In an eleventh-hour compromise between party leaders - considered the "Great Betrayal" by many blacks and southern Republicans ...
Jump up ^ Downs, 2012[full citation needed]
Jump up ^ Calhoun, page 43[full citation needed]
Jump up ^ Socolofsky & Spetter, page 13[full citation needed]
^ Jump up to: a b c "2000 PRESIDENTIAL ELECTORAL AND POPULAR VOTE". Federal Election Commission. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Once Close to Clinton, Gore Keeps a Distance". The New York Times. 20 October 2000. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
Jump up ^ CNN, Wade Payson-Denney. "Who really won Bush-Gore election?". cnn.com. Retrieved 10 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Rockefeller, J. D. (2015-11-21). Donald Trump: Life and Business Lessons. J.D. Rockefeller. ISBN 9781519453945.
Jump up ^ Sherman, Jill (2017-04-01). Donald Trump: Outspoken Personality and President. Lerner Publications. ISBN 9781512438574.
Jump up ^ "Sanders backers frustrated by defeats at Orlando platform meeting". Orlando Sentinel. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Amy Tennery (February 4, 2016). "Trump accuses Cruz of stealing Iowa caucuses through 'fraud'". Reuters.
Jump up ^ "Clinton & Trump: Favorability Ratings". Real Clear Politics. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Tessa Berenson (November 9, 2016). "Third Parties Faded to the Background in a Shocking Election". Time.
Jump up ^ Warner, Claire. "Ralph Nader Got The Most Write-In Votes For President Ever, But Election Write-Ins Have A Long History". Retrieved December 2, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Courtney Kennedy; et al. "An Evaluation of 2016 Election Polls in the U.S." American Association for Public Opinion Research, Ad Hoc Committee on 2016 Election Polling. CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al. (link)
Jump up ^ Trump stomps all over the Democrats' Blue Wall, CNN, November 9, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Presidential Election Results: Donald J. Trump Wins". The New York Times. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Electoral College Timeline of Key Dates" (PDF). National Archives and Records Administration’s Office of the Federal Register.
^ Jump up to: a b "OFFICIAL 2016 PRESIDENTIAL GENERAL ELECTION RESULTS" (PDF). Federal Elections Commission. January 30, 2017. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Shear, Michael D.; Huetteman, Emmarie (2017). "Trump Repeats Lie About Popular Vote in Meeting With Lawmakers". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331.
Jump up ^ David Lauter, Trump revives debunked accusation of massive vote fraud in California, Los Angeles Times (April 5, 2018).
Jump up ^ Leip, David. "1824 Presidential Election Results". Dave Leip's Atlas of U.S. Presidential Elections. Retrieved July 26, 2005.
Jump up ^ Trende, Sean (October 19, 2012). "Did JFK Lose the Popular Vote?". Real Clear Politics.
Jump up ^ Azari, Julia (November 10, 2016). "Most People Hate The Electoral College, But It's Not Going Away Soon". FiveThirtyEight.
Jump up ^ Fund, John (November 20, 2003). "A Minority President". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on November 23, 2003. Retrieved 25 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Schlesinger, Arthur. Robert Kennedy and His Times, p. 220 (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2012).
Jump up ^ Schier, Steven. You Call This an Election?: America's Peculiar Democracy, p. 100 (Georgetown University Press, 2003).
Jump up ^ Colomer, Josep. Political Institutions: Democracy and Social Choice, pp. 104-106 (Oxford University Press, 2001).
External links[edit]
Kurtzleben, Danielle. "How To Win The Presidency With 23 Percent Of The Popular Vote", NPR (November 2, 2016).
[show]
v
t
e
United States presidential elections
Elections by year
1788–89
1792
1796
1800
1804
1808
1812
1816
1820
1824
1828
1832
1836
1840
1844
1848
1852
1856
1860
1864
1868
1872
1876
1880
1884
1888
1892
1896
1900
1904
1908
1912
1916
1920
1924
1928
1932
1936
1940
1944
1948
1952
1956
1960
1964
1968
1972
1976
1980
1984
1988
1992
1996
2000
2004
2008
2012
2016
2020
Elections by state
Alabama
Alaska
Arizona
Arkansas
California
Colorado
Connecticut
Delaware
Florida
Georgia
Hawaii
Idaho
Illinois
Indiana
Iowa
Kansas
Kentucky
Louisiana
Maine
Maryland
Massachusetts
Michigan
Minnesota
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
Nebraska
Nevada
New Hampshire
New Jersey
New Mexico
New York
North Carolina
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma
Oregon
Pennsylvania
Rhode Island
South Carolina
South Dakota
Tennessee
Texas
Utah
Vermont
Virginia
Washington
Washington, D.C.
West Virginia
Wisconsin
Wyoming
Primaries and caucuses
Iowa caucuses
New Hampshire primary
South Carolina primary
Super Tuesday
Nominating conventions
Brokered convention
Convention bounce
Superdelegate
Electoral College
and Popular vote
Results
Summary
Elections in which the winner lost the popular vote
Electoral College margins
Electoral College results by state
Electoral vote changes between elections
Electoral vote recipients
Popular vote margins
Contingent election
Faithless elector
Unpledged elector
Voter turnout
Related topics
Campaign slogans
Historical election polling
Election Day
Major party tickets
Major party losers
Presidential debates
October surprise
Red states and blue states
Swing state
Election recount
House elections
Senate elections
Gubernatorial elections
[show]
v
t
e
Lists related to the Presidents and Vice Presidents of the United States
List of Presidents
List of Vice Presidents
Presidents
Age
Autobiographies
Burial places
Death
Historical rankings
Lifespan timeline
Number living
Time in office
Portraits
Professional
careers
Approval rating
Assassination attempts and plots
Campaign slogans
Control of Congress
Doctrines
Inaugurations
International trips
Judicial appointments
Libraries
Military rank
Military service
Other offices held
Pardons
Previous experience
Vetoes
Personal life
Coats of arms
Deaths in office
Education
Facial hair
Firsts
Freemasons
Multilingualism
Net worth
Nicknames
Pets
Home state
Previous occupation
Religious affiliation
Residences
Slave owners
Vice Presidents
Age
Burial places
Coats of arms
Education
Number living
Other offices held
Place of primary affiliation
Religious affiliation
Tie-breaking votes
Time in office
Succession
Acting President
Designated survivor
Line of succession
Elections
Electoral College margin
Popular vote margin
Summary
Winner lost popular vote
Candidates
Democrat
Republican
Third party
Green
Libertarian
Progressive
National Republican/Whig
African American
Female
Received at least one electoral vote
Height
Unsuccessful major party candidates
Lost their home state
Families
First Families
First Ladies
Second Ladies
Children
Namesakes, honors
Memorial sites
U.S. postage stamp appearances
Educational institution names
Currency appearances
U.S. county names
U.S. Senate vice presidential bust collection
In fiction
Presidents
actors
Vice Presidents
actors
Candidates
Line of succession
U.S. Government Portal • Biography Portal • Presidents of the United States
United States portal
Politics portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote&oldid=842241530"
Categories:
United States presidential elections statistics
Elections not won by the popular vote winner
Hidden categories:
Articles needing more detailed references
CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al.
Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Español
Edit links
This page was last edited on 21 May 2018, at 05:11.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

attrs: class style

values: United States presidential election, 1824

value: sup

values:
/wiki/Majority_of_the_entire_membership
mw-redirect
Majority of the entire membership

values: Twelfth Amendment to the United States Constitution

values: United States presidential election, 1876

values: United States presidential election, 1888

values: United States presidential election, 2000

values: United States presidential election, 2016

values: United States presidential election, 1960

values: United States presidential election in Alabama, 1960

values: Speaker of the United States House of Representatives

values: United States presidential election in Florida, 2000

values: List of United States Senators from New York

values: Edit section: Comparative table of elections

values: border:1px solid #AAAAAA; padding:1px .6em; background-color:#008000; color:black; font-size:95%; line-height:1.25; text-align:center;

values: border:1px solid #AAAAAA; padding:1px .6em; background-color:#3333FF; color:black; font-size:95%; line-height:1.25; text-align:center;

values: border:1px solid #AAAAAA; padding:1px .6em; background-color:#E81B23; color:black; font-size:95%; line-height:1.25; text-align:center;

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

attrs: data-sort-type class tabindex role title

values:
number
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
sortable wikitable jquery-tablesorter
text-align:right;

values: Edit section: 1960 Alabama results ambiguity

values: 1960 United States presidential election

values:
/wiki/Arthur_M._Schlesinger,_Jr.
mw-redirect
Arthur M. Schlesinger, Jr.

values: National Popular Vote Interstate Compact

values: United States' presidential plurality victories

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: lower-alpha;

values:
/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)
mw-redirect
History (U.S. TV channel)

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/928999469

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F20086857

values: A more detailed citation is required. (November 2016)

values:
/wiki/Real_Clear_Politics
mw-redirect
Real Clear Politics

values: American Association for Public Opinion Research

values: Category:CS1 maint: Explicit use of et al.

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Template:United States presidential elections

values: Template talk:United States presidential elections

values: United States presidential election, 1788–89

values: United States presidential election, 1792

values: United States presidential election, 1796

values: United States presidential election, 1800

values: United States presidential election, 1804

values: United States presidential election, 1808

values: United States presidential election, 1812

values: United States presidential election, 1816

values: United States presidential election, 1820

values: United States presidential election, 1828

values: United States presidential election, 1832

values: United States presidential election, 1836

values: United States presidential election, 1840

values: United States presidential election, 1844

values: United States presidential election, 1848

values: United States presidential election, 1852

values: United States presidential election, 1856

values: United States presidential election, 1860

values: United States presidential election, 1864

values: United States presidential election, 1868

values: United States presidential election, 1872

values: United States presidential election, 1880

values: United States presidential election, 1884

values: United States presidential election, 1892

values: United States presidential election, 1896

values: United States presidential election, 1900

values: United States presidential election, 1904

values: United States presidential election, 1908

values: United States presidential election, 1912

values: United States presidential election, 1916

values: United States presidential election, 1920

values: United States presidential election, 1924

values: United States presidential election, 1928

values: United States presidential election, 1932

values: United States presidential election, 1936

values: United States presidential election, 1940

values: United States presidential election, 1944

values: United States presidential election, 1948

values: United States presidential election, 1952

values: United States presidential election, 1956

values: United States presidential election, 1964

values: United States presidential election, 1968

values: United States presidential election, 1972

values: United States presidential election, 1976

values: United States presidential election, 1980

values: United States presidential election, 1984

values: United States presidential election, 1988

values: United States presidential election, 1992

values: United States presidential election, 1996

values: United States presidential election, 2004

values: United States presidential election, 2008

values: United States presidential election, 2012

values: United States presidential election, 2020

values: United States presidential elections in Alabama

values: United States presidential elections in Alaska

values: United States presidential elections in Arizona

values: United States presidential elections in Arkansas

values: United States presidential elections in California

values: United States presidential elections in Colorado

values: United States presidential elections in Connecticut

values: United States presidential elections in Delaware

values: United States presidential elections in Florida

values: United States presidential elections in Georgia

values: United States presidential elections in Hawaii

values: United States presidential elections in Idaho

values: United States presidential elections in Illinois

values: United States presidential elections in Indiana

values: United States presidential elections in Iowa

values: United States presidential elections in Kansas

values: United States presidential elections in Kentucky

values: United States presidential elections in Louisiana

values: United States presidential elections in Maine

values: United States presidential elections in Maryland

values: United States presidential elections in Massachusetts

values: United States presidential elections in Michigan

values: United States presidential elections in Minnesota

values: United States presidential elections in Mississippi

values: United States presidential elections in Missouri

values: United States presidential elections in Montana

values: United States presidential elections in Nebraska

values: United States presidential elections in Nevada

values: United States presidential elections in New Hampshire

values: United States presidential elections in New Jersey

values: United States presidential elections in New Mexico

values: United States presidential elections in New York

values: United States presidential elections in North Carolina

values: United States presidential elections in North Dakota

values: United States presidential elections in Ohio

values: United States presidential elections in Oklahoma

values: United States presidential elections in Oregon

values: List of United States presidential elections in Pennsylvania

values: United States presidential elections in Rhode Island

values: United States presidential elections in South Carolina

values: United States presidential elections in South Dakota

values: United States presidential elections in Tennessee

values: United States presidential elections in Texas

values: United States presidential elections in Utah

values: United States presidential elections in Vermont

values: United States presidential elections in Virginia

values: United States presidential elections in Washington

values: United States presidential elections in Washington, D.C.

values: United States presidential elections in West Virginia

values: United States presidential elections in Wisconsin

values: United States presidential elections in Wyoming

values: United States presidential nominating convention

values: United States presidential election summary

values: List of United States presidential election results by state

values: Electoral vote changes between United States presidential elections

values: List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College

values: Voter turnout in the United States presidential elections

values: List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans

values: Historical polling for U.S. Presidential elections

values: List of United States major party presidential tickets

values: List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States

values: Template:United States House of Representatives elections

values: Template:United States gubernatorial elections

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Template:Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents

values: Template talk:Lists of US Presidents and Vice Presidents

values: List of Vice Presidents of the United States

values: List of presidents of the United States by age

values: List of autobiographies by presidents of the United States

values: List of burial places of presidents and vice presidents of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States by date of death

values: Historical rankings of presidents of the United States

values: Lifespan timeline of Presidents of the United States

values: Living presidents and vice presidents of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States by time in office

values: Portraits of Presidents of the United States

values: United States presidential approval rating

values: List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots

values: Presidents of the United States and control of Congress

values: List of international trips made by the President of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States by judicial appointments

values: List of presidents of the United States by military rank

values: List of Presidents of the United States by military service

values: List of Presidents of the United States by other offices held

values: List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the President of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States by previous experience

values: List of United States presidential vetoes

values: List of personal coats of arms of Presidents of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States who died in office

values: List of Presidents of the United States by education

values: List of Presidents of the United States with facial hair

values: List of United States Presidential firsts

values: List of Presidents of the United States who were Freemasons

values: List of multilingual presidents of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States by net worth

values: List of nicknames of Presidents of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States by home state

values: List of Presidents of the United States by occupation

values: Religious affiliations of Presidents of the United States

values: List of residences of Presidents of the United States

values: List of Presidents of the United States who owned slaves

values: List of Vice Presidents of the United States by age

values: List of personal coats of arms of Vice Presidents of the United States

values: List of Vice Presidents of the United States by education

values: List of Vice Presidents of the United States by other offices held

values: List of Vice Presidents of the United States by place of primary affiliation

values: Religious affiliations of Vice Presidents of the United States

values: List of tie-breaking votes cast by vice presidents of the United States

values: List of Vice Presidents of the United States by time in office

values: United States presidential line of succession

values: List of United States presidential candidates

values: List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets

values: List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets

values: List of United States major third party presidential tickets (1789–1860)

values: List of United States Green Party presidential tickets

values: List of United States Libertarian Party presidential tickets

values: List of United States Progressive Party presidential tickets

values: List of United States National Republican/Whig Party presidential tickets

values: List of African-American United States presidential and vice presidential candidates

values: List of female United States presidential and vice-presidential candidates

values: Heights of presidents and presidential candidates of the United States

values: List of major-party United States presidential candidates who lost their birth or resident state

values: List of First Ladies of the United States

values: List of children of the Presidents of the United States

values: Presidential memorials in the United States

values: Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps

values: List of educational institutions named after U.S. presidents

values: List of Presidents of the United States on currency

values: List of U.S. counties named after U.S. Presidents

values: United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection

values: Lists of fictional presidents of the United States

values: List of actors who played the President of the United States

values: List of fictional Vice Presidents of the United States

values: List of actors who played the Vice President of the United States

values: List of fictional United States presidential candidates

values: United States presidential line of succession in fiction

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Category:United States presidential elections statistics

values: Category:Elections not won by the popular vote winner

values: Category:Articles needing more detailed references

values: Category:Pages using multiple image with auto scaled images

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Elecciones presidenciales en los Estados Unidos en las que el ganador perdió el voto popular – Spanish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote rootpage-United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote skin-vector action-view


text:
Naa Peru Surya
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Naa Peru Surya Na Illu India
Directed by
Vakkantham Vamsi
Produced by
Sirisha Lagadapati
Sridhar Lagadapati
Bunny Vasu
K. Nagendra Babu
Written by
Vakkantham Vamsi
Starring
Allu Arjun
Anu Emmanuel
Arjun Sarja
R. Sarathkumar
Thakur Anoop Singh
Music by
Vishal-Shekhar
Cinematography
Rajeev Ravi
Edited by
Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao
Production
company
Ramalakshmi Cine Creations
Release date
4 May 2018 (2018-05-04)[1]
Country
India
Language
Telugu
Naa Peru Surya, Naa Illu India (English: My name is Surya, My home is India) is a 2018 Telugu-language film produced by Sirisha and Sridhar Lagadapati under the Ramalakshmi Cine Creations banner, written and directed by Vakkantham Vamsi.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Soundtrack
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
The story is about an army officer with anger management issues, played by Allu Arjun.[2]
Cast[edit]
Allu Arjun as Surya
Anu Emmanuel[3]
Arjun Sarja[3]
R. Sarathkumar[3]
Nadhiya[3]
Thakur Anoop Singh[3]
Vennela Kishore[3]
Rao Ramesh[3]
Boman Irani[3]
Production[edit]
The movie marks the debut of Vamsi as a director. Vamsi has previously written stories for successful movies like Kick, Race Gurram and Temper. The movie stars Allu Arjun and Anu Emmanuel in the lead role while Arjun Sarja and R. Sarathkumar play supporting roles. Kotagiri Venkateswara Rao, Rajeev Ravi and Rajeevan are the editor, cinematographer and art director respectively.
The movie teaser was released on 1 January 2018 and registered 10 million digital views within 29 hours.[2]
Soundtrack[edit]
The soundtrack for the movie is composed by Vishal-Shekhar. The first single from the film, Sainika, was released on Indian Republic Day, 26 January 2018 as a tribute to the soldiers of the Indian Army.[4] The film's second single, Lover also, fighter also, was released on 14 February 2018.[5]
Track listing
No.
Title
Lyrics
Artist(s)
Length
1. "Sainika" Ramajogayya Sastry Vishal Dadlani 4:15
2. "Lover also, Fighter also" Ramajogayya Sastry Shekhar Ravjiani 4:10
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Mahesh Babu's Bharat Ane Nanu and Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India get new release dates". The Indian Express. Retrieved 24 February 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Allu Arjun's Naa Peru Surya Naa Illu India teaser sets a new record: 10 million views so far". The Indian Express. 2018-01-03. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Allu Arjun's Next Movie Naa Peru Surya To Release In 7 Languages". filmyholic.com. 2018-01-21. Retrieved 2018-02-24.
Jump up ^ "'Naa Peru Surya' tribute to soldiers on Republic Day - Telugu 360". Telugu 360. 2018-01-18. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
Jump up ^ "Allu Arjun's 'Naa Peru Surya's' second single is out". Times of India. 2018-02-14. Retrieved 15 February 2018.
External links[edit]
Naa Peru Surya on IMDb
This article about a Telugu-language film of the 2010s is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Naa_Peru_Surya&oldid=828272283"
Categories:
Upcoming films
2018 films
Indian films
Upcoming Telugu-language films
2010s Telugu-language films
Indian action films
Films scored by Vishal–Shekhar
Indian war films
2010s war films
War drama films
Indian Army in films
2010s Telugu-language film stubs
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from January 2018
All articles needing additional references
Use Indian English from November 2015
All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English
Pages using small with an empty input parameter
Track listings with deprecated parameters
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
বাংলা
తెలుగు
Edit links
This page was last edited on 1 March 2018, at 16:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

value: b

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
/wiki/Telugu_film
mw-redirect
Telugu film

values:
tlheader mbox-text
5
text-align:left;background-color:#fff

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt7794524/
external text

values: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

values:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

values: Category:2010s Telugu-language film stubs

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from January 2018

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Use Indian English from November 2015

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in Indian English

values: Category:Pages using small with an empty input parameter

values: Category:Track listings with deprecated parameters

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values:
/wiki/Naa_Peru_Surya
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: না পেরু সুরিয়া – Bangla

values: నా పేరు సూర్య నా ఇల్లు ఇండియా – Telugu

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Naa_Peru_Surya rootpage-Naa_Peru_Surya skin-vector action-view


text:
Powers of the United States Congress
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This is a subarticle of United States Congress
Congress meets in the United States Capitol.
Powers of the United States Congress are implemented by the United States Constitution, defined by rulings of the Supreme Court, and by its own efforts and by other factors such as history and custom. It is the chief legislative body of the United States. Some powers are explicitly defined by the Constitution and are called enumerated powers; others have been assumed to exist and are called implied powers.
Contents
[hide]
1 General powers
2 Enumerated powers
3 Implied powers and the commerce clause
4 References
5 External links
General powers[edit]
Former US general George Washington presided over the signing of the United States Constitution which included Alexander Hamilton, Benjamin Franklin, and James Madison.
Article I of the Constitution sets forth most of the powers of Congress, which include numerous explicit powers enumerated in Section 8. Constitutional amendments have granted Congress additional powers. Congress also has implied powers derived from the Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution.
Congress has the power of the purse and it can tax citizens, spend money, and authorize the printing of currency such as this bill for $100,000.
Congress has authority over financial and budgetary matters, through the enumerated power to lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States. The Sixteenth Amendment, ratified in 1913, extended power of taxation to include income taxes.[1] The Constitution also grants Congress exclusively the power to appropriate funds. This power of the purse is one of Congress' primary checks on the executive branch.[1] Other powers granted to Congress include the authority to borrow money on the credit of the United States, regulate commerce with foreign nations and among the states, and coin money.[2] Generally both Senate and House have equal legislative authority although only the House may originate revenue bills and, by tradition, appropriation bills.[3]
Congress authorizes defense spending to buy and maintain aircraft carriers such as the USS Bon Homme Richard. The name Richard is from a rough French language reference to Benjamin Franklin's Poor Richard's Almanac meaning Good man Richard.
The Constitution also gives Congress an important role in national defense, including the exclusive power to declare war, to raise and maintain the armed forces, and to make rules for the military.[4] Some critics charge that the executive branch has usurped Congress's Constitutionally-defined task of declaring war.[5] While historically presidents initiated the process for going to war, they asked for and received formal war declarations from Congress for the War of 1812, the Mexican–American War, the Spanish–American War, World War I, and World War II,[6] although President Theodore Roosevelt's military move into Panama in 1903 did not get Congressional assent.[6] Presidents have initiated war without Congressional war declarations; Truman called the Korean War a "police action"[7] and the Vietnam War lasted over a decade without a declaration of war.[6] In 1970, Time magazine noted: "All told, it has been calculated, U.S. presidents have ordered troops into position or action without a formal congressional declaration a total of 149 times" before 1970.[6] In 1993, one writer noted "Congress's war power has become the most flagrantly disregarded provision in the Constitution," and that the "real erosion (of Congressional authority to declare war) began after World War II."[8] President George H. W. Bush claimed he could begin Operation Desert Storm and launch a "deliberate, unhurried, post–Cold War decision to start a war" without Congressional approval.[8] Critics charge that President George W. Bush largely initiated the Iraq War with little debate in Congress or consultation with Congress, despite a Congressional vote on military force authorization.[9][10] Disagreement about the extent of congressional versus presidential power regarding war has been present periodically throughout the nation's history.[11]
An enumerated congressional power is to establish post offices including this one in Athens, Georgia, pictured in 1942.
Congress also has the power to establish post offices and post roads, issue patents and copyrights, fix standards of weights and measures, establish courts inferior to the Supreme Court, and "To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof." Article Four gives Congress the power to admit new states into the Union.
One congressional power is oversight of other branches of the government. In the early 1970s, the Senate investigated the activities of President Richard Nixon regarding Watergate which led to the president's resignation.
One of the foremost non-legislative functions of the Congress is the power to investigate and to oversee the executive branch.[12] Congressional oversight is usually delegated to committees and is facilitated by Congress' subpoena power.[13] Some critics have charged that Congress has in some instances failed to do an adequate job of overseeing the other branches of government. In the Valerie Plame Wilson episode sometimes known as the Plame affair, some critics, including Representative Henry A. Waxman, charged that Congress was not doing an adequate job of oversight in this case.[14] Other critics charge Congress was lax in its oversight duties regarding presidential actions such as warrantless wiretapping, although others respond that Congress did investigate the legality of decisions by President George W. Bush involving such matters.[15]
Congress has the power to impeach officials including the president. In 1868, this committee helped impeach president Andrew Johnson who was almost convicted; Johnson stayed in office.
Congress also has the exclusive impeachment power, allowing impeachment, trial, and removal of the President, federal judges and other federal officers.[16]
Enumerated powers[edit]
Main article: Enumerated powers
Among the powers specifically given to Congress in Article I Section 8, are the following:

1.To lay and collect taxes, duties, imposts and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States; but all duties, imposts and excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;
2. To borrow money on the credit of the United States;
3. To regulate commerce with foreign nations, and among the several states, and with the Native American tribes;
4. To establish a uniform rule of naturalization, and uniform laws on the subject of bankruptcies throughout the United States;
5. To coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures;
6. To provide for the punishment of counterfeiting the securities and current coin of the United States;
7. To establish post offices and post roads;
8. To promote the progress of science and useful arts, by securing for limited times to authors and inventors the exclusive right to their respective writings and discoveries;
9. To constitute tribunals inferior to the Supreme Court;
10. To define and punish piracies and felonies committed on the high seas, and offenses against the law of nations;
11. To declare war, grant letters of marque and reprisal, and make rules concerning captures on land and water;
12. To raise and support armies, but no appropriation of money to that use shall be for a longer term than two years;
13. To provide and maintain a navy;
14. To make rules for the government and regulation of the land and naval forces;
15. To provide for calling forth the militia to execute the laws of the union, suppress insurrections and repel invasions;
16. To provide for organizing, arming, and disciplining, the militia, and for governing such part of them as may be employed in the service of the United States, reserving to the states respectively, the appointment of the officers, and the authority of training the militia according to the discipline prescribed by Congress;
17. To exercise exclusive legislation in all cases whatsoever, over such District (not exceeding ten miles (16 km) square) as may, by cession of particular states, and the acceptance of Congress, become the seat of the government of the United States, and to exercise like authority over all places purchased by the consent of the legislature of the state in which the same shall be, for the erection of forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings.
One of many congressional powers is to "define and punish piracies on the high seas".
Other congressional powers have been granted, or confirmed, by constitutional amendments. The Thirteenth (1865), Fourteenth (1868), and Fifteenth Amendments (1870) gave Congress authority to enact legislation to enforce rights of all citizens regardless of race, including voting rights, due process, and equal protection under the law.[17] Generally militia forces are controlled by state governments, not Congress.[18]
Implied powers and the commerce clause[edit]
Representative John A. Bingham of Ohio was a principal framer of the Fourteenth Amendment.
Congress also has implied powers, which derive from the Necessary and Proper Clause of the Constitution and permit Congress "To make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the government of the United States, or in any department or officer thereof."[19] Broad interpretations of this clause and of the Commerce Clause, the enumerated power to regulate commerce, in rulings such as McCulloch v Maryland, have effectively widened the scope of Congress' legislative authority far beyond that prescribed in Section 8.[20][21]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Davidson (2006), p. 18
Jump up ^ editorial staff (May 30, 2008). "Congress and the Dollar". New York Sun. Retrieved 2010-09-11. ...Article One, Section Eight of the Constitution. ... the founders of America delegated to the Congress the power to, among other things, "coin money, regulate the value thereof, and of foreign coin, and fix the standard of weights and measures."
Jump up ^ John V. Sullivan (July 24, 2007). "How Our Laws Are Made". The Library of Congress. Retrieved 2010-09-11. Unlike some other parliamentary bodies, both the Senate and the House of Representatives have equal legislative functions and powers with certain exceptions. For example, the Constitution provides that only the House of Representatives may originate revenue bills. By tradition, the House also originates appropriation bills. As both bodies have equal legislative powers, the designation of one as the upper House and the other as the lower House is not applicable.
Jump up ^ KATE ZERNIKE (September 28, 2006). "Senate Passes Detainee Bill Sought by Bush". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-09-11. The Senate approved legislation this evening governing the interrogation and trials of terror suspects, establishing far-reaching new rules in the definition of who may be held and how they should be treated. ... The legislation sets up rules for the military commissions ...
Jump up ^ "References about Congressional war declaring power".
Dana D. Nelson (October 11, 2008). "The 'unitary executive' question". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2009-10-04.
Steve Holland (May 1, 2009). "Obama revelling in U.S. power unseen in decades". Reuters UK. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
"The Law: The President's War Powers". Time Magazine. June 1, 1970. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Law: The President's War Powers". Time Magazine. June 1, 1970. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
Jump up ^ The President's News Conference of June 29, 1950
^ Jump up to: a b Michael Kinsley (March 15, 1993). "The Case for a Big Power Swap". Time Magazine. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
Jump up ^ "Time Essay: Where's Congress?". Time Magazine. May 22, 1972. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
Jump up ^ "The Law: The President's War Powers". Time Magazine. June 1, 1970. Retrieved 2010-09-11. Did Richard Nixon "usurp" the constitutional powers of Congress when he unilaterally ordered troops into Cambodia? Swarms of lawyers went to Washington last week to join an increasingly intense debate on the issue (see THE NATION). Their most persuasive arguments raised fundamental questions that go far beyond Cambodia and the Indochina war. Many of the antiwar lawyers conceded that proving the Cambodian "attacks" unconstitutional may be difficult.
Jump up ^ "THE PROCEEDINGS OF CONGRESS.; SENATE". The New York Times. June 28, 1862. Retrieved 2010-09-11. Mr. SUMNER spoke in favor of the House bills, contending that they were entirely free from all constitutional objections. They were just as constitutional as the Constitution itself. They only form a part of the means for the suppression of the rebellion. The war powers of Congress are clearly derived from the Constitution, and Congress has a perfect right to exercise war powers. He protested earnestly against the absurd and tyrannical doctrine that all war powers were centred in the President, and against any attempt to foist such an unconstitutional doctrine into the Constitution, as showing the effrontery with which ignorance and conceit excused unconstitutional doctrines. He contended, at length, that confiscation and liberation were among the war powers of Congress, and he had more hope from liberation than from confiscation.
Jump up ^ David S. Broder (March 18, 2007). "Congress's Oversight Offensive". Washington Post. Retrieved 2010-09-11. A Congress under firm Republican control was somnolent when it came to oversight of the executive branch. No Republican committee chairman wanted to turn over rocks in a Republican administration.
Jump up ^ Thomas Ferraro (April 25, 2007). "House committee subpoenas Rice on Iraq". Reuters. Retrieved 2010-09-11. Democratic lawmakers on Wednesday subpoenaed Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice to testify about a central and later refuted administration justification for the 2003 U.S.-led invasion of Iraq. But the administration said it might fight the subpoena, citing a legal doctrine that can shield a president and his aides from having to answer questions from Congress. "Those matters are covered by executive privilege," said State Department spokesman Sean McCormack, moving toward a possible legal showdown with the Democratic-led Congress.
Jump up ^ James Gerstenzang (July 16, 2008). "Bush claims executive privilege in Valerie Plame Wilson case". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2009-10-04.
Jump up ^ Elizabeth B. Bazan and Jennifer K. Elsea, legislative attorneys (January 5, 2006). "Presidential Authority to Conduct Warrantless Electronic Surveillance to Gather Foreign Intelligence Information" (PDF). Congressional Research Service. Retrieved 2009-09-28.
Jump up ^ Linda P. Campbell and Glen Elsasser (October 20, 1991). "Supreme Court Slugfests A Tradition". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2010-09-11. The Constitution says judges have lifetime appointments ``during good behavior`` but, like other federal officers, they can be removed from office for ``treason, bribery or other high crimes and misdemeanors.... It's entirely in Congress` determination what the limitations of the impeachment clause may be,`` said John Killian, senior specialist in American constitutional law for the Congressional Research Service.
Jump up ^ Davidson (2006), p. 19
Jump up ^ J. LESLIE KINCAID (January 17, 1916). "TO MAKE THE MILITIA A NATIONAL FORCE.; The Power of Congress Under the Constitution "for Organizing, Arming, and Disciplining" the State Troops". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-09-11. From the many articles which have appeared in the public press the general idea seems to prevail that the militia is essentially a State force. To whatever extent this may be true, at the present time, it has resulted from the failure of Congress adequately to provide for the militia as a national force.
Jump up ^ Stephen Herrington (February 25, 2010). "Red State Anxiety and The Constitution". Huffington Post. Retrieved 2010-09-11. The Tenth states, "The powers not delegated to the United States by the Constitution, nor prohibited by it to the States, are reserved to the States respectively, or to the people." It does not say that laws derived under and consistent with the Articles of the Constitution cannot be enacted over and above the original writing or that State's retain a power to overrule federal law. The authority for doing so is based in implied powers and is among the earliest arguments in Constitutional law. Implied powers are derived from the general welfare and necessary and proper clauses.
Jump up ^ "Timeline". CBS News. 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-11. McCulloch v. Maryland states that the Constitution grants implied powers to Congress, enabling it to carry out explicitly defined powers. The decision vastly augments Congress' power to make laws.
Jump up ^ RANDY E. BARNETT (April 23, 2009). "The Case for a Federalism Amendment". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2010-09-11. Finally, Section 5 authorizes judges to keep Congress within its limits by examining laws restricting the rightful exercise of liberty to ensure that they are a necessary and proper means to implement an enumerated power. This section also requires that the Constitution be interpreted according to its original meaning at the time of its enactment. But by expanding the powers of Congress to include regulating all interstate activity, the Amendment greatly relieves the political pressure on courts to adopt a strained reading of Congress's enumerated powers. Monkeys
External links[edit]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Powers_of_the_United_States_Congress&oldid=834105034"
Categories:
Legislative branch of the United States government
Hidden categories:
CS1: Julian–Gregorian uncertainty
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
සිංහල
Edit links
This page was last edited on 3 April 2018, at 23:37.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: p

values: Painting of men in a formal political meeting.

values: Article One of the United States Constitution

values: Sixteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

values: Separation of powers under the United States Constitution

values:
/wiki/Poor_Richard%27s_Almanac
mw-redirect
Poor Richard's Almanac

values:
/wiki/Defense_(military)
mw-redirect
Defense (military)

values:
/wiki/Military_of_the_United_States
mw-redirect
Military of the United States

values:
/wiki/Executive_branch
mw-redirect
Executive branch

values: Article Four of the United States Constitution

values:
/wiki/Valerie_Plame_Wilson
mw-redirect
Valerie Plame Wilson

values:
/wiki/Henry_A._Waxman
mw-redirect
Henry A. Waxman

values:
/wiki/Warrantless_wiretapping
mw-redirect
Warrantless wiretapping

values: Seven men wearing suits posing for a group picture.

values:
/wiki/United_States_President
mw-redirect
United States President

values:
/wiki/Enumerated_powers
mw-redirect
Enumerated powers

values:
/wiki/United_States_public_debt
mw-redirect
United States public debt

values:
/wiki/United_States_federal_courts
mw-redirect
United States federal courts

values:
/wiki/Public_international_law
mw-redirect
Public international law

values: Drawing of a pirate on a beach with a chest.

values: Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

values: Fourteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

values: Fifteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution

values:
/wiki/Voting_rights
mw-redirect
Voting rights

values:
/wiki/Equal_protection
mw-redirect
Equal protection

values: Edit section: Implied powers and the commerce clause

values:
/wiki/McCulloch_v_Maryland
mw-redirect
McCulloch v Maryland

values: Category:Legislative branch of the United States government

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: එක්සත් ජනපද කොංග්‍රස් මණ්ඩලයෙහි බලතල – Sinhala

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Powers_of_the_United_States_Congress rootpage-Powers_of_the_United_States_Congress skin-vector action-view