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Friends (season 8)
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Friends (season 8)
Friends season 8 DVD cover
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
24
Release
Original network
NBC
Original release
September 27, 2001 (2001-09-27) – May 16, 2002 (2002-05-16)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 7
Next →
Season 9
List of Friends episodes
The eighth season of Friends, an American sitcom created by David Crane and Marta Kauffman, premiered on NBC on September 27, 2001. Friends was produced by Bright/Kauffman/Crane Productions, in association with Warner Bros. Television. The season contains 24 episodes and concluded airing on May 16, 2002. This season had an average of 24.5 million viewers, and was the most watched TV show of the 2001–02 television season.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast and characters
1.1 Main cast
1.2 Recurring cast
1.3 Guest stars
2 Episodes
3 United States ratings
4 Awards and nominations
4.1 54th Annual Creative Arts Emmy awards
4.2 59th Annual Golden Globe awards
4.3 14th Annual Nickelodeon Kid's Choice awards
4.4 6th Annual Online Film & Television Association awards
4.5 28th Annual People's Choice awards
4.6 54th Annual Primetime Emmy awards
4.7 6th Annual Satellite awards
4.8 8th Annual Screen Actors Guild awards
4.9 4th Annual Teen Choice awards
4.10 18th Annual Television Critics Association awards
5 Notes
6 References
7 External links
Cast and characters[edit]
See also: List of Friends characters
(In particular, Introduced in season 8 or Only in season 8)
Main cast[edit]
Jennifer Aniston as Rachel Green
Courteney Cox as Monica Geller-Bing
Lisa Kudrow as Phoebe Buffay
Matt LeBlanc as Joey Tribbiani
Matthew Perry as Chandler Bing
David Schwimmer as Ross Geller
Recurring cast[edit]
Elliott Gould as Jack Geller
Christina Pickles as Judy Geller
Bonnie Somerville as Mona
Sean Penn as Eric
Alec Baldwin as Parker
James Michael Tyler as Gunther
Guest stars[edit]
Maggie Wheeler as Janice Hosenstein
Eddie Cahill as Tag Jones
Marlo Thomas as Sandra Green
Ron Leibman as Leonard Green
June Gable as Estelle Leonard
Brad Pitt as Will Colbert
Trudie Styler as Herself
Johnny Messner as Kash
Eddie McClintock as Clifford 'Cliff' Burnett
Sam McMurray as Doug
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of Friends episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
U.S. viewers
(millions)
171
1 "The One After 'I Do'" Kevin S. Bright David Crane & Marta Kauffman September 27, 2001 (2001-09-27) 227401 31.70[2]
Everybody thinks Monica's pregnant, but her denial quickly shifts the focus to Phoebe, who takes the heat off of Rachel--who is actually pregnant. Chandler's shoes are slippery, rendering his dance lessons useless. Joey tries to impress a Broadway director. Ross dances with children to impress Monica's attractive, funny friend Mona, which leads to him getting injured quite a bit.
Note: This episode is dedicated to "The people of New York City" to remember the September 11 attacks.
172
2 "The One with the Red Sweater" David Schwimmer Dana Klein Borkow October 4, 2001 (2001-10-04) 227402 30.04[2]
Rachel won't tell anybody who the father of her baby is until she tells him. Joey tells Monica and Phoebe that a guy slept with Rachel a few weeks earlier, and left a red sweater behind. Phoebe thinks it's Tag Jones and arranges a meeting for Rachel with him. Ross and Chandler attempt to recreate the wedding pictures, after Chandler loses the disposable cameras. Monica opens all of her and Chandler's wedding presents. Monica, Joey and Phoebe find out that Tag is not the father of Rachel's baby. They're still pondering the mystery when the red sweater is spotted in front of them and retrieved by its owner: Ross.
173
3 "The One Where Rachel Tells..." Sheldon Epps Sherry Bilsing & Ellen Plummer October 11, 2001 (2001-10-11) 227403 29.20[2]
Chandler and Monica prepare to leave for their honeymoon as Rachel prepares to tell the father of her baby. Phoebe and Joey try to get into Monica and Chandler's apartment by telling Mr. Treeger there is a gas leak. However, not all goes to plan when Treeger, who could not find Monica and Chandler's key, orders firefighters to break down the door.
Note: There was a subplot of Chandler and Monica's honeymoon that was completely shot and filmed but ultimately never aired. It involved Chandler playfully joking about bombs when preparing to board first-class. The airport security mistake Chandler's joke as a real threat then take him and Monica to interrogation. Towards the end of the episode they're determined not to be a threat to the aircraft, but shortly after their release Joey calls Monica and pretends that there is a gas leak in their apartment in an attempt to cover for the broken door. When Joey asked her whether they'll charge them for the damage of breaking down the door, she sarcastically replied, "No, I want you to stand there and wait for the entire place to blow up!", causing the authorities to re-interrogate the couple. Following 9/11, the writers felt the humor of this subplot was off color and quickly replaced it with a story about Chandler and Monica getting jealous over another newly married couple who got free perks by arriving just before they did. The cut scenes from this episode were later shown as a special feature on the 2004 UK version of the DVDs.
174
4 "The One with the Videotape" Kevin S. Bright Scott Silveri October 18, 2001 (2001-10-18) 227406 25.58[2]
Ross and Rachel disagree over who came onto whom when they hooked up, with Rachel (and the group) sure that Ross was the initiator of their pregnancy-causing sex and Ross being sure that Rachel hit on him first. He wants to prove it and accidentally reveals that he has the encounter on videotape. Rachel goes from being disgusted to being intrigued, and everyone watches the tape where they find out that Ross was right because Rachel used Joey's patented "story that leads to having sex". Monica and Chandler meet another couple while on their honeymoon.
175
5 "The One with Rachel's Date" Gary Halvorson Brian Buckner & Sebastian Jones October 25, 2001 (2001-10-25) 227404 25.64[2]
Phoebe begins dating a guy who works for Monica, causing a problem when Phoebe wants to dump him on the same day Monica plans to fire him. A guy at Chandler's work thinks that Chandler's name is Toby. Rachel goes on a date with Joey's costar, despite being pregnant, much to Ross' annoyance.
Note: This episode is dedicated to the memory of Richard Cox, Sr., father of Courteney Cox.
176
6 "The One with the Halloween Party" Gary Halvorson Mark Kunerth November 1, 2001 (2001-11-01) 227405 26.96[2]
Monica and Chandler are throwing a Halloween Party. At the party Phoebe runs into her sister's fiance, Eric (Sean Penn), and finds herself attracted to him as they bond over what a total liar Ursula is. Ross and Chandler arm wrestle ineffectually, as Ross laments that his goofy "Spudnik" outfit makes him look like feces. Rachel asks if she can be the person who hands out candy to the trick-or-treaters, as she says 'ever since I got pregnant, I have had the strongest maternal instincts', only to find out she isn't as maternal as she thought.
177
7 "The One with the Stain" Kevin S. Bright R. Lee Fleming Jr. November 8, 2001 (2001-11-08) 227407 24.24[2]
Chandler hires a maid to help Monica but she thinks the maid is stealing her clothes. Eric broke up with Ursula and wants to date Phoebe but she reminds him too much of her sister. Ross attempts to secure the apartment of a dying Dutch woman for Rachel, while Joey tries to convince Rachel to continue living with him.
178
8 "The One with the Stripper" David Schwimmer Andrew Reich & Ted Cohen November 15, 2001 (2001-11-15) 227408 26.54[2]
Rachel's having dinner with her dad to tell him that she's pregnant, and Rachel is intimidated and lies about Ross being unsupportive, leading to Mr. Green threatening Ross and nearly ruining his budding romance with Mona. Meanwhile Monica hires a stripper, who turns out to be a hooker, for Chandler because he never got to have a bachelor party.
179
9 "The One with the Rumor" Gary Halvorson Shana Goldberg-Meehan November 22, 2001 (2001-11-22) 227410 24.24[2]
Monica invites a high school friend, Will (Brad Pitt) to her Thanksgiving dinner. Rachel finds out that Will (who was a loser like Ross in high school and is now a gorgeous guy) and Ross started a rumor about Rachel having both male and female "reproductive parts" during their senior year of high school. Joey tries to eat an entire turkey because 'he's a Tribbiani'. Chandler and Phoebe avoid helping Monica by sitting on the couch and watching a game.
180
10 "The One with Monica's Boots" Kevin S. Bright Story by : Robert Carlock
Teleplay by : Brian Buckner & Sebastian Jones December 6, 2001 (2001-12-06) 227409 22.44[2]
Monica buys very expensive boots and promises Chandler to wear them all the time. After a while they are killing Monica's feet but she doesn't dare to tell Chandler. Joey's youngest sister Dina (Marla Sokoloff) is pregnant and comes to Rachel for advice. Phoebe finds out that Sting's son is in Ben's class so she goes to see Sting's wife (real wife (Trudie Styler) pretending to want to talk about Ben and Jack in order to get tickets to Sting's concert.
Note: In this episode, Ross tells Phoebe Ben is 7. However this episode is set in December 2001, and as Ben was born in May 1995, Ben would only be 6 at the time.
181
11 "The One with Ross's Step Forward"
"The One with The Creepy Holiday Card" Gary Halvorson Robert Carlock December 13, 2001 (2001-12-13) 227411 23.85[2]
Ross freaks out when Mona wants to send out joint Christmas cards and wants to have "the talk". Chandler tries to get out of spending time with his boss. Rachel has hormonal problems as a result of pregnancy and becomes "erotically charged".
182
12 "The One Where Joey Dates Rachel" David Schwimmer Sherry Bilsing-Graham & Ellen Plummer January 10, 2002 (2002-01-10) 227412 25.53[2]
Now that Rachel can't go on dates any more due to her pregnancy, Joey decides to take her on a date. But instantly, he begins to have a crush on Rachel, something that even he is scared about. Monica and Chandler get a Ms. Pac-Man arcade game from Phoebe as a late wedding present. After Phoebe hogs the game, Chandler becomes a pro by repeatedly playing and putting swear words as his initials, however Monica wants them to be removed as Ben would be coming over to play on it. After Ross gets to teach an advanced class, he struggles to get to the class on time.
183
13 "The One Where Chandler Takes a Bath" Ben Weiss Vanessa McCarthy January 17, 2002 (2002-01-17) 227413 29.24[2]
Monica sways Chandler's dislike of baths but he soon becomes addicted to them. Phoebe, who thinks Joey has a crush on her, is shocked to discover that Joey actually likes Rachel; Ross and Rachel debate over potential names for their baby and find out the baby's sex.
184
14 "The One with the Secret Closet" Kevin S. Bright Brian Buckner & Sebastian Jones January 31, 2002 (2002-01-31) 227414 28.64[2]
Chandler becomes obsessed with finding out what is behind the door of Monica's secret closet. Phoebe feels betrayed when she discovers Monica has been using a different massage therapist. Ross feels left out after missing the baby's first kick especially when Joey is mistaken for the father. Joey, feeling bad about the situation, suggests that Rachel should move in with Ross even though he wanted Rachel to live with him.
185
15 "The One with the Birthing Video" Kevin S. Bright Dana Klein Borkow February 7, 2002 (2002-02-07) 227415 28.64[2]
Phoebe gives a birthing video to Rachel. Chandler, mistaking the tape for porn, watches it and is horrified after watching it with Monica, which kills the mood for Valentine's Day. Ross struggles to tell Mona that Rachel is now living with him, and she breaks up with him over his dishonesty. Joey is depressed and in an effort to lighten his mood, Phoebe lends him a dog to cheer him up. However Joey ends up subduing the dog with his depression, and in the end tells Ross about his feelings for Rachel.
186
16 "The One Where Joey Tells Rachel" Ben Weiss Andrew Reich & Ted Cohen February 28, 2002 (2002-02-28) 227416 27.52[2]
Ross, shocked at Joey's declaration, avoids him, but eventually convinces him to tell Rachel. Joey confesses his love for Rachel, but Rachel politely and lovingly turns him down. Phoebe is convinced that a British man called Don is Monica's soulmate.
187
17 "The One with the Tea Leaves" Gary Halvorson Story by : R. Lee Fleming Jr.
Teleplay by : Steven Rosenhaus March 7, 2002 (2002-03-07) 227417 26.30[2]
Phoebe determines through tea leaves that she'll soon meet the man of her dreams, which leads her to a disastrous date and then a pleasant meeting with a charming man at the dry cleaners. Rachel invents a crazy work problem to reduce the awkwardness of hanging out with Joey, since he confessed his feelings for her. Ross tries to retrieve his 'faded salmon' shirt from Mona's apartment.
188
18 "The One in Massapequa"
"The One with the Zesty Guy" Gary Halvorson Story by : Peter Tibbals
Teleplay by : Mark Kunerth March 28, 2002 (2002-03-28) 227418 22.05[2]
Monica botches an attempt at giving a heartfelt speech for her parents' 35th anniversary party. Phoebe dates Parker (Alec Baldwin), who's very enthusiastic about everything and ultimately annoys the entire group including herself. Ross and Rachel have to pretend to be married and Ross' "wedding toast" stirs feelings in Rachel.
189
19 "The One with Joey's Interview" Gary Halvorson Doty Abrams April 4, 2002 (2002-04-04) 227424 22.59[2]
Joey prepares for an interview with Soap Opera Digest, although he's afraid of saying something stupid that may jeopardize his career. (In a previous episode, in an interview, he said he writes a lot of his own lines, which led to his firing from Days of Our Lives.) Joey enlists his friends to make sure things go well. This is the fourth of Friends' six clip shows.
190
20 "The One with the Baby Shower" Kevin S. Bright Sherry Bilsing-Graham & Ellen Plummer April 25, 2002 (2002-04-25) 227421 22.24[2]
Phoebe and Monica prepare for Rachel's baby shower and forget to invite Rachel's mother. During the shower Monica tries desperately to seek forgiveness from Sandra, but to no avail. Rachel realizes she has no idea how to look after the baby after the birth, so her mother insists on staying with her for eight weeks, much to her and Ross' annoyance. Monica eventually gives Rachel the confidence to be a mom and lets Sandra know she's furious at her spitefulness. Joey auditions for a job as a host for a new game show called "Bamboozled" that makes absolutely no sense, and Chandler and Ross help him practice.
191
21 "The One with the Cooking Class" Gary Halvorson Story by : Dana Klein Borkow
Teleplay by : Brian Buckner & Sebastian Jones May 2, 2002 (2002-05-02) 227419 23.97[2]
Monica's cooking skills get a bad review in The Post. After confronting the critic who wrote it, she decides to join a cooking class, with Joey in tow. Rachel gets jealous when Ross meets a girl who flirts with him at the baby department store. Phoebe helps Chandler prepare for an interview by stopping his natural instinct to make immature jokes.
192
22 "The One Where Rachel is Late" Gary Halvorson Shana Goldberg-Meehan May 9, 2002 (2002-05-09) 227420 24.32[2]
Joey invites Chandler to his movie's premiere but Chandler falls asleep during it. Rachel is very frustrated with the fact that she's eight days late, and will try anything to induce labor, which leads to a bet between Monica and Phoebe.
193
194
23
24 "The One Where Rachel Has a Baby" Kevin S. Bright Scott Silveri
Marta Kauffman & David Crane May 16, 2002 (2002-05-16)[a] 227422
227423 34.91[2]
Ross and Rachel arrive at the hospital. Judy Geller gives Ross her mother's engagement ring to propose to Rachel with. Monica and Chandler decide to have a baby. After forty-seven hours of labor, Rachel has her and Ross' baby, Emma as "River Of Tears" by Eric Clapton plays in the background. Joey finds Ross' engagement ring. Rachel thinks he's proposing and says "Okay". Monica and Chandler try for a baby in the hospital.
United States ratings[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Episode title
Air date
Rating/Share (18–49)
Viewers (millions)
Weekly rank
171 1 "The One After 'I Do'" September 27, 2001 19.5/31 31.70 #1
172 2 "The One with the Red Sweater" October 4, 2001 18.9/31 30.04 #1
173 3 "The One Where Rachel Tells Ross" October 11, 2001 17.9/26 29.20 #1
174 4 "The One with the Videotape" October 18, 2001 16.0/25 25.58 #2
175 5 "The One with Rachel's Date" October 25, 2001 16.1/25 25.64 #2
176 6 "The One with the Halloween Party" November 1, 2001 16.8/25 26.96 #2
177 7 "The One with the Stain" November 8, 2001 15.2/23 24.24 #2
178 8 "The One with the Stripper" November 15, 2001 16.1/25 26.54 #2
179 9 "The One with the Rumor" November 22, 2001 12.7/25 24.24 #3
180 10 "The One with Monica's Boots" December 6, 2001 14.0/23 22.44 #2
181 11 "The One with Ross's Step Forward"
"The One with The Creepy Holiday Card" December 13, 2001 14.9/25 23.85 #2
182 12 "The One Where Joey Dates Rachel" January 10, 2002 16.1/24 25.53 #2
183 13 "The One Where Chandler Takes a Bath" January 17, 2002 17.5/27 29.24 #1
184 14 "The One with the Secret Closet" January 31, 2002 17.8/28 28.64 #3
185 15 "The One with the Birthing Video" February 7, 2002 17.8/28 28.64 #2
186 16 "The One Where Joey Tells Rachel" February 28, 2002 17.4/27 27.52 #1
187 17 "The One with the Tea Leaves" March 7, 2002 16.3/25 26.30 #2
188 18 "The One in Massapequa" March 28, 2002 13.7/23 22.05 #4
189 19 "The One with Joey's Interview" April 4, 2002 14.7/24 22.59 #4
190 20 "The One with the Baby Shower" April 25, 2002 14.4/23 22.24 #3
191 21 "The One with the Cooking Class" May 2, 2002 15.4/25 23.97 #3
192 22 "The One Where Rachel is Late" May 9, 2002 15.4/26 24.32 #3
193 / 194 23 / 24 "The One Where Rachel Has a Baby" May 16, 2002 21.1/34 34.91 #1
Season 8 averaged 24.5 million viewers and finished, for the first time, as the most watched show of the 2001–02 television season.[1]
All episodes aired at 8:00 pm ET Thursdays on NBC.
All episodes ranked within the weekly top 5 most watched TV shows.
Awards and nominations[edit]
54th Annual Creative Arts Emmy awards[edit]
2002 Outstanding Guest Actor in a Comedy Series ("The One with the Rumor") (Brad Pitt) - Nominated[3]
2002 Outstanding Art Direction for a Multi-Camera Series ("The One Where Rachel Has a Baby (Part 1 & 2)") (John Shaffner, Joe Stewart, Greg J. Grande) - Nominated[4]
2002 Outstanding Casting for a Comedy Series (Leslie Litt, Barbara Miller) - Nominated[5]
2002 Outstanding Cinematography for a Multi-Camera Series ("The One with the Rumor") (Nick McLean) - Nominated[6]
2002 Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Series ("The One with the Rumor") (Stephen Prime) - Nominated[7]
2002 Outstanding Multi-Camera Picture Editing for a Series ("The One with the Halloween Party") (Kenny Tintorri) - Nominated[8]
2002 Outstanding Multi-Camera Sound Mixing for a Series or Special ("The One Where Rachel Has a Baby (Part 1 & 2)") (Dana Mark McClure) - Nominated[9]
59th Annual Golden Globe awards[edit]
2002 Best Television Series - Comedy or Musical - Nominated[10]
2002 Best Supporting Actress in a Series, Miniseries or a Motion Picture Made for Television (Jennifer Aniston) - Nominated[11]
14th Annual Nickelodeon Kid's Choice awards[edit]
2002 Favorite Television Show - Nominated[12]
2002 Favorite Television Actor (Matt LeBlanc) - Nominated[13]
2002 Favorite Television Actor (Matthew Perry) - Nominated[14]
2002 Favorite Television Actress (Jennifer Aniston) - Nominated[15]
6th Annual Online Film & Television Association awards[edit]
2002 Best Comedy Series - WON[16]
2002 Best Direction in a Comedy Series (Gary Halvorson, Kevin S. Bright, David Schwimmer, Ben Weiss, Terry Hughes, Sheldon Epps, Stephen Prime) - Nominated[17]
2002 Best Writing in a Comedy Series (David Crane, Marta Kauffman, Ted Cohen, Andrew Reich, Scott Silveri, Shana Goldberg-Meehan, Ellen Kreamer, Brian Buckner, Sebastian Jones, Mark J. Kunerth, Doty Abrams, Dana Klein, Robert Carlock, R. Lee Fleming, Jr., Vanessa McCarthy) - WON[18]
2002 Best Lead Actress in a Comedy Series (Jennifer Aniston) - WON[19]
2002 Best Guest Actor in a Comedy Series (Brad Pitt) - Nominated[20]
28th Annual People's Choice awards[edit]
2002 Favorite Television Comedy Series - WON[21]
2002 Favorite Female Television Performer (Jennifer Aniston) - WON[22]
54th Annual Primetime Emmy awards[edit]
2002 Outstanding Comedy Series - WON[23]
2002 Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series ("The One Where Joey Tells Rachel") (Matt LeBlanc) - Nominated[24]
2002 Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series ("The One Where Chandler Takes a Bath") (Matthew Perry) - Nominated[25]
2002 Outstanding Lead Actress in a Comedy Series ("The One Where Rachel Has a Baby (Part 1 & 2)") (Jennifer Aniston) - WON[26]
6th Annual Satellite awards[edit]
2002 Best Television Series - Comedy or Musical - Nominated[27]
2002 Best Lead Actress in a Series - Comedy or Musical (Lisa Kudrow) - Nominated[28]
8th Annual Screen Actors Guild awards[edit]
2002 Outstanding Performance by a Female Actor in a Comedy Series (Jennifer Aniston) - Nominated[29]
2002 Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Comedy Series (Jennifer Aniston, Courteney Cox, Lisa Kudrow, Matt LeBlanc, Matthew Perry, David Schwimmer) - Nominated[30]
4th Annual Teen Choice awards[edit]
2002 Choice TV Series - Comedy - WON[31]
2002 Choice TV Actor - Comedy (Matt LeBlanc) - WON[32]
2002 Choice TV Actress - Comedy (Jennifer Aniston) - WON[33]
2002 Choice TV Actress - Comedy (Courteney Cox) - Nominated[34]
2002 Choice TV Actress - Comedy (Lisa Kudrow) - Nominated[35]
18th Annual Television Critics Association awards[edit]
2002 Outstanding Achievement in Comedy - Nominated[36]
2002 Outstanding Individual Achievement in Comedy (Matt LeBlanc) - Nominated[37]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ These episodes originally aired as a single double-length episode but are sometimes split into two episodes for syndication, reruns and DVD presentation.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "How Did Your Favorite Show Rate?". USA Today. Retrieved January 4, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w "Friends Nielsen Ratings Archive – Season Eight". Newmusicandmore.tripod.com. Retrieved July 31, 2014.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "59th Golden Globe Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-26.
Jump up ^ "59th Golden Globe Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-26.
Jump up ^ "2002 Kids' Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ "2002 Kids' Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ "2002 Kids' Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ "2002 Kids' Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ "6th Annual TV Awards (2001-02) - Online Film & Television Association". www.oftaawards.com. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "6th Annual TV Awards (2001-02) - Online Film & Television Association". www.oftaawards.com. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "6th Annual TV Awards (2001-02) - Online Film & Television Association". www.oftaawards.com. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "6th Annual TV Awards (2001-02) - Online Film & Television Association". www.oftaawards.com. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "6th Annual TV Awards (2001-02) - Online Film & Television Association". www.oftaawards.com. Retrieved 2018-04-04.
Jump up ^ "28th People's Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2017-12-16.
Jump up ^ "28th People's Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2017-12-16.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "54th Primetime Emmy Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-04-03.
Jump up ^ "6th Golden Satellite Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-16.
Jump up ^ "6th Golden Satellite Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-16.
Jump up ^ "8th Screen Actors Guild Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-02-01.
Jump up ^ "8th Screen Actors Guild Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-02-01.
Jump up ^ "2002 Teen Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-17.
Jump up ^ "2002 Teen Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-17.
Jump up ^ "2002 Teen Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-17.
Jump up ^ "2002 Teen Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-17.
Jump up ^ "2002 Teen Choice Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-03-17.
Jump up ^ "18th TCA Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-02-27.
Jump up ^ "18th TCA Awards". Wikipedia. 2018-02-27.
External links[edit]
List of Friends episodes on IMDb
Friends: Season 8 at Rotten Tomatoes
The One With The Tea Leaves script at livesinabox.com
[show]
v
t
e
Friends
Characters
Chandler Bing
Phoebe Buffay
Monica Geller
Ross Geller
Rachel Green
Joey Tribbiani
Episodes
Season 1
"The Pilot" (1.01)
"The One with the Sonogram at the End" (1.02)
"The One with George Stephanopoulos" (1.04)
"The One with the East German Laundry Detergent" (1.05)
"The One Where Nana Dies Twice" (1.08)
"The One Where Underdog Gets Away" (1.09)
"The One with the Monkey" (1.10)
"The One with the Dozen Lasagnas" (1.12)
"The One with the Boobies" (1.13)
""The One with Two Parts: Part 1" (1.16)
"The One with Two Parts: Part 2" (1.17)
"The One with All the Poker" (1.18)
"The One Where the Monkey Gets Away" (1.19)
Season 2
"The One with the Lesbian Wedding" (2.11)
"The One After the Superbowl" (2.12–2.13)
"The One with the Prom Video" (2.14)
"The One Where Dr. Ramoray Dies" (2.18)
Season 3
"The One Where No One's Ready" (3.02)
Season 4
"The One with the Embryos" (4.12)
"The One with Ross's Wedding" (4.23–4.24)
Season 5
"The One After Ross Says Rachel" (5.01)
"The One Hundredth" (5.03)
"The One with All the Thanksgivings" (5.08)
"The One with the Girl Who Hits Joey" (5.15)
"The One Where Rachel Smokes" (5.18)
"The One Where Ross Can't Flirt" (5.19)
"The One with the Ride-Along" (5.20)
Season 6
"The One After Vegas" (6.01)
"The One with the Apothecary Table" (6.11)
"The One with the Proposal" (6.24–6.25)
Season 7
"The One with Monica and Chandler's Wedding" (7.23–7.24)
Season 8
"The One with Rachel's Date" (8.05)
"The One with the Rumor" (8.09)
Season 9
–
Season 10
"The Last One" (10.17–10.18)
Related articles
Music
"I'll Be There for You"
Joey
Mad About You
Awards and nominations
Friends ... 'Til the End
Hello Friends
[show]
v
t
e
Nielsen Media Research top-rated United States network television show
1950s
50–51: Texaco Star Theater
51–52: Arthur Godfrey's Talent Scouts
52–53, 53–54, 54–55: I Love Lucy
55–56: The $64,000 Question
56–57: I Love Lucy
57–58, 58–59, 59–60: Gunsmoke
1960s
60–61: Gunsmoke
61–62: Wagon Train
62–63, 63–64: The Beverly Hillbillies (S1, S2)
64–65, 65–66, 66–67: Bonanza
67–68: The Andy Griffith Show (S8)
68–69, 69–70: Rowan & Martin's Laugh-In
1970s
70–71: Marcus Welby, M.D.
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Tropic of Cancer
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the circle of latitude. For other uses, see Tropic of Cancer (disambiguation).
Coordinates: 23°26′14″N 0°0′0″W / 23.43722°N -0.00000°E / 23.43722; -0.00000 (Prime Meridian)
World map showing the Tropic of Cancer
Carretera 83 (Vía Corta) Zaragoza-Victoria, km 27+800. Of all crossings of the Tropic of Cancer with Mexican federal highways, this is the only place where the latitude is marked with precision and where the annual drift between the years 2005 and 2010 can be appreciated.
The Tropic of Cancer, also referred to as the Northern Tropic, is currently 23°26′13.1″ (or 23.43698°) north of the Equator. It is the most northerly circle of latitude on Earth at which the Sun can be directly overhead. This occurs on the June solstice, when the Northern Hemisphere is tilted toward the Sun to its maximum extent.[1]
Its Southern Hemisphere counterpart, marking the most southerly position at which the Sun can be directly overhead, is the Tropic of Capricorn. These tropics are two of the five major circles of latitude that mark maps of Earth; which also includes the Arctic and Antarctic Circles and the Equator. The positions of these two circles of latitude (relative to the Equator) are dictated by the tilt of Earth's axis of rotation relative to the plane of its orbit.
Contents
[hide]
1 Name
2 Geography
3 Climate
4 Circumnavigation
5 Gallery
6 External links
7 See also
8 References
Name[edit]
When this line of latitude was named some 2,000 years ago, the Sun was in the constellation Cancer (Latin for crab) at the June solstice, the time each year that the Sun reaches its zenith at this latitude. Due to the precession of the equinoxes, this is no longer the case; today the Sun is in Taurus at the June solstice. The word "tropic" itself comes from the Greek "trope (τροπή)", meaning turn (change of direction, or circumstances), inclination, referring to the fact that the Sun appears to "turn back" at the solstices.
Geography[edit]
The Tropic of Cancer's position is not fixed, but varies in a complicated manner over time. Currently, it gradually drifts south almost half an arcsecond (0.468″) of latitude, or 15 metres, per year (it was at exactly 23° 27′ in 1917 and will be at 23° 26' in 2045).[2] See axial tilt and circles of latitude for further information.
North of the tropic are the subtropics and the North Temperate Zone. The equivalent line of latitude south of the Equator is called the Tropic of Capricorn, and the region between the two, centered on the Equator, is the tropics.
Starting at the prime meridian and heading eastward, the Tropic of Cancer passes through 16 countries:
Co-ordinates
Country, territory or sea
Notes
23°26′N 0°0′E / 23.433°N 0.000°E / 23.433; 0.000 (Prime Meridian)
Algeria
23°26′N 11°51′E / 23.433°N 11.850°E / 23.433; 11.850 (Niger)
Niger
23°26′N 12°17′E / 23.433°N 12.283°E / 23.433; 12.283 (Libya)
Libya
The Tropic touches on the northernmost point of Chad at 23°26′N 15°59′E / 23.433°N 15.983°E / 23.433; 15.983 (Northernmost point of Chad)
23°26′N 25°0′E / 23.433°N 25.000°E / 23.433; 25.000 (Egypt)
Egypt
The Tropic passes through Lake Nasser
23°26′N 35°30′E / 23.433°N 35.500°E / 23.433; 35.500 (Red Sea)
Red Sea
23°26′N 38°38′E / 23.433°N 38.633°E / 23.433; 38.633 (Saudi Arabia)
Saudi Arabia
23°26′N 52°10′E / 23.433°N 52.167°E / 23.433; 52.167 (United Arab Emirates)
United Arab Emirates
Abu Dhabi emirate only
23°26′N 55°24′E / 23.433°N 55.400°E / 23.433; 55.400 (Oman)
Oman
23°26′N 58°46′E / 23.433°N 58.767°E / 23.433; 58.767 (Indian Ocean)
Indian Ocean
Arabian Sea
23°26′N 68°23′E / 23.433°N 68.383°E / 23.433; 68.383 (India)
India
States of Gujarat, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Chhattisgarh, Jharkhand and West Bengal
23°26′N 88°47′E / 23.433°N 88.783°E / 23.433; 88.783 (Bangladesh)
Bangladesh
Khulna, Dhaka, and Chittagong Divisions
23°26′N 91°14′E / 23.433°N 91.233°E / 23.433; 91.233 (India)
India
State of Tripura
23°26′N 91°56′E / 23.433°N 91.933°E / 23.433; 91.933 (Bangladesh)
Bangladesh
Chittagong Division
23°26′N 92°19′E / 23.433°N 92.317°E / 23.433; 92.317 (India)
India
State of Mizoram
23°26′N 93°23′E / 23.433°N 93.383°E / 23.433; 93.383 (Myanmar)
Myanmar
Chin State, Sagaing Division, Mandalay Division, Shan State
23°26′N 98°54′E / 23.433°N 98.900°E / 23.433; 98.900 (China)
China
Provinces of Yunnan (passing about 7 km north of the border with Vietnam), Guangxi, and Guangdong
23°26′N 117°8′E / 23.433°N 117.133°E / 23.433; 117.133 (Taiwan Strait)
Taiwan Strait
23°26′N 120°8′E / 23.433°N 120.133°E / 23.433; 120.133 (Taiwan)
Taiwan
Chiayi County, Hualien County
23°26′N 121°29′E / 23.433°N 121.483°E / 23.433; 121.483 (Philippine Sea)
Philippine Sea
23°26′N 142°00′E / 23.433°N 142.000°E / 23.433; 142.000 (Pacific Ocean)
Pacific Ocean
Passing just south of Necker Island, Hawaii, United States
23°26′N 110°15′W / 23.433°N 110.250°W / 23.433; -110.250 (Mexico)
Mexico
State of Baja California Sur
23°26′N 109°24′W / 23.433°N 109.400°W / 23.433; -109.400 (Gulf of California)
Gulf of California
23°26′N 106°35′W / 23.433°N 106.583°W / 23.433; -106.583 (Mexico)
Mexico
States of Sinaloa, Durango, Zacatecas, San Luis Potosí, Nuevo León, and Tamaulipas
23°26′N 97°45′W / 23.433°N 97.750°W / 23.433; -97.750 (Gulf of Mexico)
Gulf of Mexico
23°26′N 83°0′W / 23.433°N 83.000°W / 23.433; -83.000 (Atlantic Ocean)
Atlantic Ocean
Passing through the Straits of Florida and the Nicholas Channel
Passing just south of the Anguilla Cays ( Bahamas)
Passing through the Santaren Channel and into the open ocean
23°26′N 76°0′W / 23.433°N 76.000°W / 23.433; -76.000 (Bahamas)
Bahamas
Exuma Islands and Long Island
23°26′N 75°10′W / 23.433°N 75.167°W / 23.433; -75.167 (Atlantic Ocean)
Atlantic Ocean
23°26′N 15°57′W / 23.433°N 15.950°W / 23.433; -15.950 (Western Sahara)
Western Sahara
Claimed by Morocco and the Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
23°26′N 12°0′W / 23.433°N 12.000°W / 23.433; -12.000 (Mauritania)
Mauritania
23°26′N 6°23′W / 23.433°N 6.383°W / 23.433; -6.383 (Mali)
Mali
23°26′N 2°23′W / 23.433°N 2.383°W / 23.433; -2.383 (Algeria)
Algeria
[show]Map all coordinates using OSM
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Place data as RDF
Climate[edit]
Relationship between Earth's axial tilt (ε) to the tropical and polar circles
Excluding cooler highland regions in China, the climate at the Tropic of Cancer is generally hot and dry except for easterly coastal areas where orographic rainfall can be very heavy, in some places reaching 4 metres (160 in). Most regions on the Tropic of Cancer experience two distinct seasons: an extremely hot summer with temperatures often reaching 45 °C (113 °F) and a warm winter with maxima around 22 °C (72 °F). Much land on or near the Tropic of Cancer is part of the Sahara Desert, whilst to the east the climate is torrid monsoonal with a short wet season from June to September and very little rainfall for the rest of the year.
The highest mountain on or adjacent to the Tropic of Cancer is Yushan in Taiwan; though it had glaciers descending as low as 2,800 metres (9,190 ft) during the Last Glacial Maximum, none survive and at present no glaciers exist within 470 kilometres (290 mi) of the Tropic of Cancer; the nearest currently surviving are the Minyong and Baishui in the Himalayas to the north and on Iztaccíhuatl to the south.
Circumnavigation[edit]
According to the rules of the Fédération Aéronautique Internationale, for a flight to compete for a round-the-world speed record, it must cover a distance no less than the length of the Tropic of Cancer, cross all meridians, and end on the same airfield where it started.
Length of the Tropic on 11 December 2015, at 23°26′14″N is 36,788 kilometres (22,859 mi).[3]
For an ordinary circumnavigation the rules are somewhat relaxed and the distance is set to a rounded value of at least 36,770 kilometres (22,850 mi).
Gallery[edit]
Road sign south of Dakhla, Western Sahara marking the Tropic of Cancer. The sign was placed by Budapest-Bamako rally participants; thus, the inscription is in English and Hungarian.
Sign marking the Tropic of Cancer a few miles from Rann of Kutch, Gujarat, India
Sign marking the Tropic of Cancer in Madhya Pradesh, India
Sign marking the Tropic of Cancer on National Highway 34 in Nadia District, West Bengal, India
Tropic of Cancer mark in Ruisui Township, Hualien County, Taiwan
External links[edit]
Look up tropic of cancer in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Article on the Tropic of Cancer in Oman
Temporal Epoch Calculations
Useful constants See: Obliquity of the ecliptic
See also[edit]
23rd parallel north
24th parallel north
Tropic of Capricorn
Antarctic Circle
Arctic Circle
Axial tilt
Equator
Milankovitch cycles
Ducking and shaving
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "PHP Science Labs". Retrieved 2014-01-01.
Jump up ^ Montana State University: Milankovitch Cycles & Glaciation Archived August 6, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ RhumbSolve online rhumb line calculator.
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Tropic of Cancer
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