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Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce
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Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce
Also known as
Girlfriends' Guide to Freedom (season 3-present)'
Based on
Girlfriends' Guides series
by Vicki Iovine
Developed by
Marti Noxon
Starring
Lisa Edelstein
Beau Garrett
Necar Zadegan
Paul Adelstein
Janeane Garofalo
Alanna Ubach
Retta
Composer(s)
Robert Duncan
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
4
No. of episodes
39
Production
Executive producer(s)
Marti Noxon
Vicki Iovine
Meryl Poster
Robert Duncan McNeill
Liz Kruger
Craig Shapiro
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
45 minutes
Production company(s)
Tiny Pyro Productions
Universal Cable Productions
Release
Original network
Bravo
Picture format
480i (SDTV)
1080i (HDTV)
Original release
December 2, 2014 (2014-12-02) – present
External links
Official website
www.bravotv.com/girlfriends-guide-to-divorce
Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce (also known as Girlfriends' Guide to Freedom starting with season 3) is an American comedy-drama television series developed by Marti Noxon for the American cable network Bravo. Based on the Girlfriends' Guides book series by Vicki Iovine,[1] the series revolves around Abby McCarthy, a self-help author who finds solace in new friends and adventures as she faces an impending divorce. Lisa Edelstein portrays the main character Abby. Beau Garrett, Necar Zadegan and Paul Adelstein co-star. Janeane Garofalo was part of the main cast for the first seven episodes of season 1 before departing the cast. She was replaced in episode 8 with Alanna Ubach. Retta recurred during the show's second season before being promoted to the main cast at the start of season 3.
Produced by Universal Cable Productions, it is the first original scripted series for Bravo.[2] A 13-episode first season was ordered by the network, which premiered on December 2, 2014.[3] The show debuted to 1.04 million viewers. Critical reception for the series has initially been generally positive, with particular praise towards Edelstein's performance and the series' quality over the reality series on Bravo. The show was eventually renewed for a second season, which premiered on December 1, 2015.[4] On April 13, 2016, it was announced that Bravo had renewed the show for a third, fourth and fifth season.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
1.3 Guest
2 Episodes
3 Reception
3.1 Critical response
3.2 Ratings
4 Broadcast
4.1 Home media and streaming
5 References
6 External links
Cast[edit]
Main[edit]
Lisa Edelstein as Abby McCarthy, a self-help book author in her early 40s in Los Angeles. Her marriage has recently ended, throwing both her personal and professional lives into serious disarray.[1]
Beau Garrett as Phoebe Conte, a recent divorcée and former model. Up until now she has been a typical free spirit but she is now seeking a more stable life.[1]
Necar Zadegan as Delia Banai, a divorce attorney who represents Abby in her divorce. She struggles with career and personal life balance.[6]
Paul Adelstein as Jake Novak, Abby's husband from whom she is recently separated. He is a director with a limited amount of success and has up until now lived in Abby's shadow.[1] (season 1-2; recurring season 3)
Janeane Garofalo as Lyla, Abby's friend, a divorcée and entertainment lawyer. A bitter custody battle with her ex causes her to flee California for Portland in the middle of season 1.[1] (episodes 1–7)
Alanna Ubach as Jo Hernandez-Frumpkis, Abby's best friend from college who comes to live with her in LA. She is recently separated from her husband after finding out he had a second family.[7] (episode 8–present)
Retta as Barbara Sawyer, Abby's co-worker at SheShe, who later becomes her business partner. (season 3–present; recurring season 2)[8]
Recurring[edit]
Julianna Guill as Becca Riley, Jake's new girlfriend and a successful actress on a CW show
Patrick Heusinger as Max McCarthy, Abby's brother
J. August Richards as Ford, husband to Abby's brother
Warren Christie as Will, Abby's new boyfriend
Brian Markinson as Albert, Delia's boss and long-time fling. Delia has an affair with him while engaged to Gordon
Matthew Glave as Gordon Beech, Delia's client with whom she starts an affair
Brandon Jay McLaren as Marco, Phoebe's love interest
Aaron Staton as JD, Phoebe's love interest
Jean Smart as Katherine Miller, Abby's editor
Mark Valley as Dr. Harris, Abby's love interest
Maury Sterling as Rob Frumpkis, Jo's ex-husband
Will Kemp as Scott, the vegan confectioner at Jo's bakery
Megan Hilty as Charlene, Frumpkis' new girlfriend
Charles Mesure as Ralf, Phoebe's ex-husband
James Lesure as Mike Brady, Charlie's baseball coach
Daisy Betts as Gemma
Guest[edit]
Carrie Fisher as Cat
Suke Kaiser as Kori Wingo, Phoebe's former boss
Bernadette Peters as Annie
Laverne Cox as Adele Northrop
Victor Webster as Carl, a male escort who Abby spends the night talking to
Barry Bostwick as George, Abby's dad
Lesley Ann Warren as Dina, Abby's mom
Malcolm Jamal Warner as Darrell
Kathie Lee Gifford as herself
Hoda Kotb as herself
Kyle Richards as herself
Jessica Clark as Merete
Denise Richards as Temple Hampton, Will's new girlfriend
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce episodes
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 13 December 2, 2014 (2014-12-02) February 24, 2015 (2015-02-24)
2 13 December 1, 2015 (2015-12-01) February 23, 2016 (2016-02-23)
3 7 January 11, 2017 (2017-01-11) February 22, 2017 (2017-02-22)
4 6 August 17, 2017 (2017-08-17)[9] September 21, 2017 (2017-09-21)
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
Edelstein and Garofalo's performances were praised by the critics.
Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce was met with generally positive reviews from television critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a weighted mean rating out of 100 to reviews from critics, the series received an average score of 69, based on 21 reviews. Lori Rackl of Chicago Sun-Times gave the episode a 4 star rating (out of 4 stars), calling it "a sometimes hilarious, sometimes heartbreaking story about an L.A.-based self-help author" and added that the first two episodes "reveal a much more nuanced, poignant tale, punctuated by some genuinely funny scenes."[10] LaToya Ferguson of The A.V. Club gave the series a grade of "A-", calling it "a very solid drama" that should be on HBO or Showtime. Ferguson also praised the characters and the series's messiness, writing "Visually, it's almost flawless (there's one obvious green-screen moment in the pilot, but it's not Ringer level), but every character here is deeply flawed."[11] Los Angeles Times's Mary McNamara lauded the series' cast's portrayal of the characters and deemed the series "smartly acted, crisply written and willing to address all manner of issues — marriage, betrayal, family economics, friendship, even the pitfalls of public domesticity — in gratifyingly complex ways."[12] Brian Lowry, writing for Variety, applauded the series' cast and material, noting how it sticks to the network's demographic while maintaining a level of quality.[13]
Gail Pennington of St. Louis Post-Dispatch called the series "a smart, solid examination of just how messy relationships are and how hard it is to make them work."[14] Slate's Willa Paskin highlighted Edelstein's portrayal of the lead character, describing her as "very well cast, both commanding and nurturing enough to seem like the ideal advice-giver" and noted that the series has "a satisfying and complex take on social dynamics in friendship and romance."[15] Alessandra Stanley of The New York Times praised Edelstein and Garofalo as "one reason" the show is entertaining and found the comic side of the series "a lot more fun."[16] Time's writer James Poniewozik praised the writing and Edelstein's "sympathetic" performance, noting that the latter "grounds a show that often otherwise plays like young-adult fiction for actual adults." However, Poniewozik opined that "there's one lesson Girlfriends’ Guide to Divorce has (over)learned from its Bravo peers: that there's no reality so compelling that it can’t be sweetened with a little Photoshop."[17] David Hinckley, writing for the New York Daily News, highlighted the series' best moments as those showing the messy side of marital discourse while heralding Edelstein's performance as "memorably moving."[18] Margaret Lyons of Vulture was critical of the several aspects of the series, including the characters Abby and Lyla's attitude on giving their spouses child support, but found the series to be its best "at its nastiest."[19]
Ratings[edit]
No. in
Episode title
Air date
Time slot (EST)
18–49 demo
rating
Viewership
(millions)
Ref
series
season
1 1 Rule No. 23: Never Lie to the Kids December 2, 2014 Tuesdays
10:00 P.M. 0.5 1.04 [20]
2 2 Rule No. 174: Never Trust Anyone Who Charges By the Hour December 9, 2014 0.4 0.85 [21]
3 3 Rule No. 47: Always Take Advantage of "Me" Time December 16, 2014 0.3 0.70 [22]
4 4 Rule No. 426: Fantasyland: A Great Place to Visit December 23, 2014 0.3 0.77 [23]
5 5 Rule No. 21: Leave Childishness to Children December 30, 2014 0.4 0.87 [24]
6 6 Rule No 33: When in Doubt, Run Away January 6, 2015 0.4 0.87 [25]
7 7 Rule No. 67: Don't Kill the Princess January 13, 2015 0.4 0.77 [26]
8 8 Rule No. 17: Ask the Answer Lady January 20, 2015 0.3 0.69 [27]
9 9 Rule No. 32: F-You, Rob Frumpkis January 27, 2015 0.4 0.91 [28]
10 10 Rule No. 3: Don't Stand in the Doorway February 3, 2015 0.3 0.74 [29]
11 11 Rule No. 46: Keep the Holidays Low Key February 10, 2015 0.4 0.83 [30]
12 12 Rule No. 92: Don't Do the Crime If You Can't Do the Time February 17, 2015 0.4 0.74 [31]
13 13 Rule No. 101: Know When It's Time to Move On February 24, 2015 0.3 0.79 [32]
Broadcast[edit]
Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce premiered in the United States on Bravo on December 2, 2014, in Canada on Slice on January 9, 2015,[33] and in the United Kingdom on Lifetime UK on September 15, 2015.[34]
Home media and streaming[edit]
The first season was released on DVD in region 1 on October 13, 2015.[35] On November 1, 2015 [36] season 1 of Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce became available to stream in the US for Netflix subscribers.[37] The show is also available from electronic sell-through platforms such as iTunes,[38] Amazon Instant Video,[39] and Vudu.[40]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Bibel, Sara (February 19, 2014). "Bravo Orders 13 Episodes of Scripted Drama 'Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce' Starring Lisa Edelstein". Zap2it. Retrieved February 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (February 19, 2014). "Bravo Picks Up Marti Noxon's 'Girlfriends' Guide To Divorce' As First Scripted Series". Deadline.com. Retrieved February 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (July 14, 2014). "'Million Dollar Listing New York' Renewed for Season Four + Bravo Greenlights Three New Series". TV by the Numbers (Press release). Archived from the original on July 4, 2015. Retrieved July 14, 2014.
Jump up ^ Dixon, Dani (September 30, 2015). "Season 2 of Bravo's Scripted Series 'Girlfriend's Guide To Divorce' To Premiere December 1". TV by the Numbers (Press release). Tribune Digital Ventures. Retrieved September 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "‘Girlfriends’ Guide to Divorce’ gets 3-season renewal at Bravo". TV By The Numbers by zap2it.com. Retrieved 2016-04-13.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 14, 2014). "Bravo's 'Girlfriend's Guide To Divorce' Adds 'Rake's Necar Zadegan As New Regular". Deadline. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Alanna Ubach Joins Bravo's 'Girlfriends Guide To Divorce', Matthew Glave & Virginia Williams To Recur". Deadline. August 13, 2014. Retrieved August 14, 2014.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael. "Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce Promotes Retta to Series Regular in Season 3". TV Line. TVLine Media, LLC. Retrieved June 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ http://deadline.com/2017/07/girlfriends-guide-to-divorce-season4-treailer-premiere-date-bravo-video-1202127711/
Jump up ^ Rackl, Lori (November 30, 2014). "Bravo found a keeper with great new series 'Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce'". Chicago Sun-Times. Chicago: Tim Knight. Sun-Times Media Group. Archived from the original on 31 January 2015. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Ferguson, LaToya (December 2, 2014). "Girlfriends’ Guide To Divorce is Bravo's beautifully messy introduction to scripted drama". The A.V. Club. Chicago: The Onion, Inc. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
Jump up ^ McNamara, Mary (December 2, 2014). "Review 'Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce' marries Bravo to good TV". Los Angeles Times. Los Angeles: Austin Beutner. Tribune Publishing. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Lowry, Brian (November 30, 2014). "TV Review: Bravo's ‘Girlfriends’ Guide To Divorce’". Variety. Los Angeles. Penske Business Media. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Pennington, Gail (December 2, 2014). "TV review: Bravo's 'Girlfriends' Guide' is surprisingly good". St. Louis Post-Dispatch. St. Louis: Ray Farris. Lee Enterprises. Retrieved 8 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Paskin, Willa (December 2, 2014). "Lowbrow and Delectable". Slate. The Slate Group. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Stanley, Alessandra (December 1, 2014). "Divvying Up Perks, Pity, Scorn and Snark". The New York Times. New York City: Dean Baquet. The New York Times Company. Retrieved 9 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Poniewozik, James (December 1, 2014). "Review: The Image-Conscious Uncoupling of Girlfriends’ Guide to Divorce". Time. New York City: Time Inc. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Roush, Matt (December 2, 2014). "Tuesday TV: One for the Family (Toy Story) and One for Adults (Girlfriends' Guide)". TV Guide. Radnor: CBS Interactive. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Lyons, Margaret (December 2, 2014). "Girlfriends’ Guide to Divorce, Bravo's First Scripted Series, Is At Its Best When It's At Its Nastiest". New York. New York City: New York Media, LLC. Retrieved 25 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 3, 2014). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 25 Tuesday Cable Originals (& Network Update): 12.2.2014". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved 23 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (December 10, 2014). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: 'Sons of Anarchy' Wins Night, 'Anarchy Afterword', 'Pretty Little Liars', 'Benched', 'Ground Floor' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (December 17, 2014). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: 'Ink Master' Tops Night + 'The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills', 'The Curse of Oak Island', NBA Basketball & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 24, 2014). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 25 Tuesday Cable Originals (& Network Update): 12.23.2014". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved 24 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (January 2, 2015). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: College Football Tops Night + 'Moonshiners' The Little Couple', 'Ground Floor' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 3 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (January 8, 2015). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: 'The Haves and the Have Nots' Wins Night' 'Pretty Little Liars', 'Switched at Birth', 'Dance Moms', 'The Real World' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 10 January 2015.
Jump up ^ The Futon Critic Staff (July 13, 2011). "Monday's Cable Ratings: "Pawn Stars" Tops Heated Race". The Futon Critic. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
Jump up ^ The Futon Critic Staff (July 20, 2011). "Monday's Cable Ratings: History's "Pawn Stars" Holds Onto Crown". The Futon Critic. Retrieved 1 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (January 28, 2015). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: 'The Real Housewives of Beverly Hills' Tops Night + 'Pretty Little Liars', 'The Haves and the Have Nots', 'Sons of Liberty' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (February 4, 2015). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: 'Being Mary Jane' Wins Night, 'Moonshiners', 'The Haves and the Have Nots', 'Pretty Little Liars', 'Justified' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (February 11, 2015). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: 'The Haves and the Have Nots' Tops Night + 'Being Mary Jane', 'Pretty Little Liars', 'Real Housewives of Beverly Hills' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (February 19, 2015). "Tuesday Cable Ratings: '19 Kids and Counting' Wins Night, 'Being Mary Jane', 'Pretty Little Liars', 'Rizzoli & Isles', 'Cougar Town' & More". TV by the Numbers. Tribune Media Services. Retrieved 24 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (February 25, 2015). "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 25 Tuesday Cable Originals (& Network Update): 2.24.2015". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce to premiere on Slice in Canada". The TV Watercooler. http://google.com/+JeevanBrar. Retrieved 2015-11-10. External link in |publisher= (help)
Jump up ^ "Lifetime UK Acquires 'Girlfriends' Guide To Divorce', Sets September Premiere - TVWise". TVWise. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
Jump up ^ Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce: Season 1, 2015-10-13, retrieved 2015-11-10
Jump up ^ Armstrong, Olivia (2015-10-30). "What's New On Netflix This Weekend: 'Manson Family Vacation', November Titles, And More". Decider | Where To Stream Movies & Shows on Netflix, Hulu, Amazon Instant, HBO Go. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
Jump up ^ "Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce | Netflix". www.netflix.com. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
Jump up ^ "Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce, Season 1 on iTunes". iTunes. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
Jump up ^ "Watch Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce Season 1 Episode - Amazon Video". www.amazon.com. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
Jump up ^ "VUDU - Watch Movies". www.vudu.com. Retrieved 2015-11-10.
External links[edit]
Official website
Girlfriends' Guide to Divorce on IMDb
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text:
Gilles Marini
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (August 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Gilles Marini
Marini at the Disney–ABC Television Group's Summer TCA Party in August 2010
Born
(1976-01-26) January 26, 1976 (age 41)
Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes, France
Occupation
Actor
Years active
2004–present
Website
www.gillesmarini.com
Gilles Marini /ʒiːl məˈriːni/ (born January 26, 1976) is a French-American actor, known for his roles in the film Sex and the City and in the American television shows Brothers & Sisters, Switched at Birth and Devious Maids. He was also the runner-up in season 8 of Dancing with the Stars, and was one of the returning celebrities in season 15.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Dancing with the Stars performances
3.1 Season 8: with professional dance partner Cheryl Burke
3.2 Season 15: with professional dance partner Peta Murgatroyd
4 Filmography
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Marini was born in Grasse, Alpes-Maritimes, France to a Greek mother and Italian father.[1] After working as a baker in his father's bakery since he was eight years old and high school, he joined the French army and was stationed in Paris, where he served as a fireman in the Paris Fire Brigade. It was in Paris where Marini met Fred Goudon, a photographer who introduced him to the world of modeling. After fulfilling his military duties, he went to the United States to learn English while working as a model. He began his career as a model in his early twenties. One of his first jobs was a television commercial for Bud Light beer. He made his acting debut at the age of 29, in the 2005 horror film Screech of the Decapitated.[2]
Career[edit]
He played Dante in Sex and the City: The Movie, and has appeared on Brothers & Sisters, Ugly Betty, Dirty Sexy Money, Criminal Minds, Nip/Tuck, The Bold and the Beautiful, Passions, and 2 Broke Girls. His film credits include One and the Other (L'Une et L'Autre) and The Boys & Girls Guide to Getting Down. On February 8, 2009, it was announced that Marini would participate in the eighth season of Dancing with the Stars. His professional partner was Cheryl Burke.[3] He also took part in the fifteenth season of Dancing with the Stars for another chance to win the mirrorball trophy.[4] He danced with season fourteen winner, Peta Murgatroyd. They were the eighth couple eliminated from the competition, alongside Kirstie Alley and Maksim Chmerkovskiy.
He was introduced as a recurring character on ABC's family drama Brothers & Sisters. He played Luc Laurent, the French love interest of Rachel Griffiths' character Sarah Walker in what was originally supposed to be a five-episode arc,[5] but was promoted to a series regular.[6] The series was cancelled in May 2011, after the fifth season ended. He also appears as Bay Kennish's biological father, Angelo Sorrento, in Switched at Birth. On September 18, 2012[7], it was announced that he would become a series regular for the second season.
Dancing with the Stars performances[edit]
Gilles and his professional partner, Cheryl Burke came in as the runners-up of the American televised ballroom dancing competition, Dancing with the Stars. On May 19, 2009, then seventeen-year-old gymnast Shawn Johnson and her partner, Mark Ballas were crowned champions of that season, defeating Marini & Burke by 1%.
Season 8: with professional dance partner Cheryl Burke[edit]
Season average: 28.1
Week no. Dance or song Judges' score Result
Inaba Goodman Tonioli
1 Cha-Cha-Cha/"Addicted to Love" 8 8 8 Safe
2 Quickstep/"Kryptonite" 9 9 9 Safe
3 Samba/"El Matador" 9 9 9 Safe
4 Argentine Tango/"Assassin's Tango" 10 10 10 Safe
5 Paso Doble/"Habanera" 10 9 10 Safe
6 Jive/"Dance, Dance" 9 8 9 Safe
7 Viennese Waltz / "I Go to Sleep" 9 9 9 Safe
8 Lindy Hop/"Go Daddy-O"
Tango/"Womanizer" 9
9 9
9 9
10 Safe
9 Foxtrot/"Fever"
Rumba/"Sexual Healing" 10
9 9
9 10
9 Safe
10
Semi-finals Waltz/"Come Away with Me"
Salsa/"I Know You Want Me (Calle Ocho)" 10
10 10
10 10
10 Safe
11
Finals Paso Doble/"So What"
Freestyle"Flashdance (What a Feeling)"
Argentine Tango/"Assassin's Tango" 10
9
10 10
10
10 10
9
10 Runner-Up
Season 15: with professional dance partner Peta Murgatroyd[edit]
Week # Dance/Song Judges' score Result
Inaba Goodman Tonioli
1 Foxtrot / "Call Me Irresponsible" 8 8 8 Safe
2 Jive / "Don't Stop Me Now" 8.5 8.5 8.5 Safe
3
Iconic dances Tango / "Sweet Dreams (Are Made of This)" 8.5 8.5 8.5 Safe
4
Opponents choices Bollywood / "Jai Ho! (You Are My Destiny)" 10 9.5 / 10* 10 Safe
5
Guilty pleasures Rumba / "I Will Always Love You"
Team Gangnam (Freestyle) / "Gangnam Style" 10
9 9.5
9 10
9 Safe
6
Country Night Cha-cha-cha / "Man! I Feel Like a Woman!"
Group country western dance / "Save a Horse, Ride a Cowboy"/
"I Play Chicken with a Train" 9
Awarded 9
0 9.5
points Safe
7
Dance fusion Argentine Tango & Samba / "When I Get You Alone"
Swing dance marathon / "Do Your Thing" 9.5
Awarded 9.5
5 extra 9.5
points Safe
8
Veterans Day/Trio dance challenge Quickstep / "Danger Zone"
Salsa* / "Rebelion" 9.5
9.5 10
10 10
10 Eliminated
Additional score from guest judge: singer, dancer and choreographer Paula Abdul.
For that week's salsa trio challenge, Marini & Murgatroyd chose Chelsie Hightower to dance alongside them.
Filmography[edit]
Film
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2005 Screech of the Decapitated Henri Direct-to-video
2006 Boys & Girls Guide to Getting Down, TheThe Boys & Girls Guide to Getting Down Attractive man in club
2007 Stand Up Photographer
2007 L'Une et L'Autre Gilles Short film
2008 Sex and the City Dante
2012 Puss in Boots: The Three Diablos Captain of the Guard, Paolo the Squire Voice; short film
2012 Scruples Renee Dufaux Television film
2014 List, TheThe List Dr. Antonio Rosenblatt
2014 The Last Rescue Bruno Travert
2017 A Little Something for Your Birthday TBA
Television
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2004 The O.C. Lawyer 1 episode
2005, 2017 Bold and the Beautiful, TheThe Bold and the Beautiful French waiter (2005)/Doctor (2017) 4 episodes
2006 Passions Italian bicycle rider Season 7, episode 213
2006 Criminal Minds Curt Episode: "The Fisher King: Part 1"
2006 Windfall French man Episode: "The Getaway"
2006 Ugly Betty Jean-Luc Episode: "Queens for a Day"
2007 Bold and the Beautiful, TheThe Bold and the Beautiful Jean Claude Season 21, episode 88
2007 Dirty Sexy Money Italian designer Episode: "The Lions"
2009–2011 Brothers & Sisters Luc Laurent Guest star: season 4; main cast: season 5; 30 episodes
2009 Nip/Tuck Renaldo Panettiere 2 episodes
2011 Castle Tobias Strange Episode: "Poof! You're Dead"
2011 Royal Pains Niko Episode: "Listen to the Music"
2011–2014 Switched at Birth Angelo Sorrento Recurring: season 1; main cast: seasons 2–3; 37 episodes
2011 Modern Family Julian Episode: "Go Bullfrogs!"
2011–2012 Hot in Cleveland Captain Lebeau 2 episodes
2012 Are You There, Chelsea? Robert Episode: "The Foodie"
2013–2014 2 Broke Girls Nicolas Saintcroix 7 episodes
2013 Kirstie Michel Episode: "Pilot"
2014–2015 Devious Maids Sebastien Dussault Guest star: season 2; main cast: season 3; 12 episodes
2014 The McCarthys Maurice Episode: "Red Sox Swap"
2014 The Mysteries of Laura Tom Birk Episode: "The Mystery of the Red Runway"
2016 Teen Wolf Sebastien Valet Guest star; 3 episodes
2016 Daredevil Jacques Duchamps Episode: "The Man in The Box"
2016 Bones The Marquis de Chaussin Episode: "The Jewel in the Crown"
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Gilles Marini, Another Hot Celeb of Greek Descent - Hollywood.GreekReporter.com". GreekReporter.com. December 17, 2009. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Page not found | Most Beautiful Man". MostBeautifulMan.com. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Marini appears on Dancing with the Stars
Jump up ^ "Dancing with the Stars: Joey Fatone, Bristol Palin in All-Star Cast". People.com. 27 July 2012. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Eng, Joyce. "Gilles Marini Returning for More Brothers & Sisters". TVGuide.com.
Jump up ^ Exclusive: "Brothers & Sisters" Promotes Luc, Drops Ryan, Entertainment Weekly, April 27, 2010
Jump up ^ "Gilles Marini Promoted to Series Regular".
External links[edit]
Official website
Gilles Marini on IMDb
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gilles_Marini&oldid=803218925"
Categories:
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Market environment
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The business environment is a marketing term and refers to factors and forces that affect a firm's ability to build and maintain successful customer relationships. The three levels of the environment are:
Micro (internal) environment – small forces within the company that affect its ability to serve its customers.
Internal environment – can be controlled, however, it can't influence an external environment .
Macro (external) environment – larger societal forces that affect the microenvironment.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Micro-environment
2 Macro-environment
3 Environmental scanning
3.1 Process
3.2 Information sources used
3.3 Barriers
3.4 Macro environment
3.5 PESTEL analysis
3.5.1 Political factors
3.5.2 Economical factors
3.5.3 Socio-cultural
3.5.4 Technological factors
3.5.5 Environmental factors
3.5.6 Legal factors
3.6 SWOT analysis
3.7 Mesoenvironment
4 References
5 External links
Micro-environment[edit]
Company aspect of micro-environment refers to the internal environment of the company. This includes all Departmentalization departments such as management, finance, research and development, purchasing, Business operations and accounting. Each of these departments influences marketing decisions. For example, research and development have input as to the features a product can perform and accounting approves the financial side of marketing plans and budget in customer dissatisfaction. Marketing managers must watch supply availability and other trends dealing with suppliers to ensure that product will be delivered to customers in the time frame required in order to maintain a strong customer relationship.
Marketing intermediaries refers to resellers, physical distribution firms, marketing services agencies, and Financial intermediary financial intermediaries. These are the people that help the company promote, sell, and distribute its products to final buyers. Resellers are those that hold and sell the company's product. They match the distribution to the customers and include places such as Wal-Mart, Target, and Best Buy. Physical distribution firms are places such as warehouses that store and transport the company's product from its origin to its destination. Marketing services agencies are companies that offer services such as conducting marketing research, advertising, and consulting. Financial intermediaries are institutions such as banks, credit companies and Insurance companies.
Another aspect of micro-environment is the customer market. There are different types of customer markets including consumer markets, business markets, government markets, Globalization international markets, and reseller markets. The consumer market is made up of individuals who buy goods and services for their own personal use or use in their household. Business markets include those that buy goods and services for use in producing their own products to sell. This is different from the reseller market which includes businesses that purchase goods to resell as is for a profit. These are the same companies mentioned as market intermediaries. The government market consists of government agencies that buy goods to produce public services or transfer goods to others who need them. International markets include buyers in other countries and includes customers from the previous categories.
Competitors are also a factor in the micro-environment and include companies with similar offerings for goods and services. To remain competitive a company must consider who their biggest competitors are while considering its own size and position in the industry. The company should develop a strategic advantage over their competitors.
The final aspect of the micro environment is publics, which is any group that has an interest in or effect on the organization's ability to meet its goals. For example, financial publics can hinder a company's ability to obtain funds affecting the level of credit a company has. Media public include newspapers and magazines that can publish articles of interest regarding the company and editorials that may influence customers' opinions. Government public can affect the company by passing legislation and laws that put restrictions on the company's actions. Citizen-action publics include environmental groups and minority groups and can question the actions of a company and put them in the public spotlight. Local publics are neighborhood and community organizations and will also question a company's effect on the local area and the level of responsibility of their actions. The general public can affect the company as any change in their attitude, whether positive or negative, can cause sales to go up or down because the general public is often the company's customer base. And finally those who are employed within the company and deal with the organization and construction of the company's product.
Macro-environment[edit]
The macro-environment refers to all forces that are part of the larger society and affect the micro-environment. It includes concepts such as demography, economy, natural forces, technology, politics, and culture.
Factors affecting organization in Macro environment are known as PESTEL, that is: Political, Economical, Social, Technological, Environmental and Legal.
Demography refers to studying human populations in terms of size, density, location, age, gender, race, and occupation.[2] This is a very important factor to study for marketers and helps to divide the population into market segments and target markets. An example of demography is classifying groups of people according to the year they were born. These classifications can be referred to as baby boomers, who are born between 1946 and 1964, generation X, who are born between 1965 and 1976, and generation Y, who are born between 1977 and 1994. Each classification has different characteristics and causes they find important. This can be beneficial to a marketer as they can decide who their product would benefit most and tailor their marketing plan to attract that segment. Demography covers many aspects that are important to marketers including family dynamics, geographic shifts, work force changes, and levels of diversity in any given area.
Another aspect of the macro-environment is the economic environment. This refers to the purchasing power of potential customers and the ways in which people spend their money. Within this area are two different economies, subsistence and industrialized. Subsistence economies are based more in agriculture and consume their own industrial output. Industrial economies have markets that are diverse and carry many different types of goods. Each is important to the marketer because each has a highly different spending pattern as well as different distribution of wealth.
The natural environment is another important factor of the macro-environment. This includes the natural resources that a company uses as inputs that affects their marketing activities. The concern in this area is the increased pollution, shortages of raw materials and increased governmental intervention. As raw materials become increasingly scarcer, the ability to create a company's product gets much harder. Also, pollution can go as far as negatively affecting a company's reputation if they are known for damaging the environment. The last concern, government intervention can make it increasingly harder for a company to fulfill their goals as requirements get more stringent.
The technological environment is perhaps one of the fastest changing factors in the macro-environment. This includes all developments from antibiotics and surgery to nuclear missiles and chemical weapons to automobiles and credit cards. As these markets develop it can create new markets and new uses for products. It also requires a company to stay ahead of others and update their own technology as it becomes outdated. They must stay informed of trends so they can be part of the next big thing, rather than becoming outdated and suffering the consequences financially.
The political environment includes all laws, government agencies, and groups that influence or limit other organizations and individuals within a society. It is important for marketers to be aware of these restrictions as they can be complex. Some products are regulated by both state and federal laws. There are even restrictions for some products as to who the target market may be, for example, cigarettes should not be marketed to younger children. There are also many restrictions on subliminal messages and monopolies. As laws and regulations change often, this is a very important aspect for a marketer to monitor.
The final aspect of the macro-environment is the cultural environment, which consists of institutions and basic values and beliefs of a group of people. The values can also be further categorized into core beliefs, which passed on from generation to generation and very difficult to change, and secondary beliefs, which tend to be easier to influence. As a marketer, it is important to know the difference between the two and to focus your marketing campaign to reflect the values of a target audience.
When dealing with the marketing environment it is important for a company to become proactive. By doing so, they can create the kind of environment that they will prosper in and can become more efficient by marketing in areas with the greatest customer potential. It is important to place equal emphasis on both the macro and micro environment and to react accordingly to changes within them.[3]
Environmental scanning[edit]
Environmental scanning is one of the essential components of the global environmental analysis. Environmental monitoring, environmental forecasting and environmental assessment complete the global environmental analysis. The global environment refers to the macro environment which comprises industries, markets, companies, clients and competitors. Consequently, there exist corresponding analyses on the micro-level. Suppliers, customers and competitors representing the micro environment of a company are analyzed within the industry analysis.[4]
Environmental scanning can be defined as 'the study and interpretation of the political, economic, social and technological events and trends which influence a business, an industry or even a total market'.[5] The factors which need to be considered for environmental scanning are events, trends, issues and expectations of the different interest groups. Issues are often forerunners of trend breaks. A trend break could be a value shift in society, a technological innovation that might be permanent or a paradigm change. Issues are less deep-seated and can be 'a temporary short-lived reaction to a social phenomenon'.[6] A trend can be defined as an ‘environmental phenomenon that has adopted a structural character'.[5][improper synthesis?]
Environmental scanning is an ongoing process and organizations are always refining the way their particular company or business goes through the process. Environmental scanning reinforces productive strategic plans and policies that can be implemented to make the organization get the maximum use of the business environment they are in. Environmental scanning not only helps the business find its strengths in its current environment but it also finds the weakness of competitors, identifies new markets, potential customers and up and coming technological platforms and devices that can be best used to sell/market the product or service. Environmental scanning helps a business improve their decision-making process in times of risk to the external and internal environments the business is in.[7]
Process[edit]
When scanning the environment, the organization need to look at all the influences of the company. The scanning process makes the organization aware of what the business environment is about. It allows the organization to adapt and learn from that environment.[8] When the company responds to an environmental scanning process it allows them to easily respond and react to any changes to both the internal and external business environment. Environmental scanning is a useful tool for strategic management as it helps them to create and develop the aims and objectives of the company which assists with the production of the company or organization.
When looking at the weaknesses of the organization's placing in the current business environment a formal environmental scanning is used. A common formal environmental scanning process has five steps. The five steps are fundamental in the achievement of each step and may develop each other in some form:
The first step of the environmental scanning process requires the identification of the needs and the issues that have occurred that caused the organization to decide an environmental scanning is required. Before starting the process there are several factors that need to be considered which include the purpose of the scanning, who will be participating in the processes and the amount of time and the resources that will be allocated for the duration of the scanning process.
The second step of the scanning process is gathering the information. All the needs of the organization are translated into required pieces of information that will be useful in the process.
The third steps analyzing all the information that the business have collected. When analyzing the information organizations are made aware of the trends or issues that the organizations may be influenced by.
The step four of the environmental scanning process is all about the communication of the results obtained in step three. The appropriate decision makers analyze the translated information of the potential effects of the organization. All the information is presented in a simple and concise format
With all the information obtained from steps three and four, step five is all about making informed decisions. Management creates appropriate steps that will position the organization in the current business environment.[7]
Information sources used[edit]
The information sources used to gain knowledge and understanding of the current business environment the organization is in can be split into two categories. The external and internal information sources. The external sources aren't always those in a published form and can include verbal sources such as 'word of mouth'. The external information sources includes:
Personal contacts
Journals/magazines
Books
Newspapers
Professional conferences/ meetings
Radio, television and internet
Professional colleagues
Customers
Commercial databases.
The internal information is all information that is specific to the organization. This information can be compared with the external sources to get the maximum use out of both types of sources for the organization, internal information includes:
Personal contacts
Internal reports
Conference papers
Internal memoranda
Committees/ meetings
Sales staff
Other managers
Other employees
Internal databases.[7]
Barriers[edit]
Environmental scanning isn't always as effective or useful in an organizational setting for several reasons. The volume of the information received through the scanning process can be disadvantageous when attempting to translate and make sense of the information as some information may get overlooked or just missed entirely. Because of the volume of information its hard to decipher what is important or not so management and key information may be missed. Another way vital information can be missed is if the information is unordered and unorganized. Due to ever changing environment all information runs under a time limit of validity. Another barrier to environment scanning is the interpretation of information that has been collected. Undetermined sources can cause confusion and irrelevance to the process.[7]
Macro environment[edit]
There are a number of common approaches how the external factors, which are mentioned in the definition of Kroon and which describe the macro environment, can be identified and examined. These factors indirectly affect the organization but cannot be controlled by it. One approach could be the PEST analysis. PEST stands for political, economic, social and technological. Two more factors, the environmental and legal factor, are defined within the PESTEL analysis (or PESTLE analysis).
The segmentation of the macro environment according to the six presented factors of the PESTEL analysis is the starting point of the global environmental analysis.
PESTEL analysis[edit]
The six environmental factors of the PESTEL analysis are the following:
Political factors[edit]
The company/organization needs to consider the political environment when creating business strategies. The entire political environment includes looking at government policies and the risk and instability of current political factors. Political risks can include an unexpected loss of ownership due to government takeover (nationalization), or changes in labour laws which might increase the cost of the company's workforce. However often business can anticipate issues by performing a political risk analysis. The political instability can influence the business and the duration of time that business/ organization is profitable.[9]
Taxation Policy
Trade regulations
Governmental stability
Unemployment Policy, etc.
political stability
Economical factors[edit]
The economic factors of the business environment are all the variables that impact how the consumer spends their money and the power of that purchase. There are multiple factors that exist at any time. An example of an economic factor is the recent recession influenced people to spend less and save more which has impacted current consumer spending patterns. The economic development of a country Is an important element when scanning the economic environment.[10] Countries are often categorized as either 'developing' or 'developed'. The exchange rate of a country can have an extensive impact on the profitability of a business. Relatively small changes in the exchange rate may be the difference between profit and loss. When promoting, selling a product it is important for an organization to consider the extra financial information including current rates, taxes etc. in the economy of the country.[9]
Interest rate
Inflation rate
Growth in spending power
Rate of people in a pensionable age
Recession or Boom
Customer liquidations
Balances of Sharing
Socio-cultural[edit]
The socio-cultural environment looks at the demographic characteristics of the current business environment. It looks at the values, customs and norms of the environment of which a company or organisation is placed.[10] When looking at the socio-cultural environment it is important to consider the social values of the environment. Organizations look at the cultural characteristics of the society and consider all values and customs that are often associated with the culture while they try to market and sell the product or service,[9] such as:
values, beliefs
language
religion
education
literacy
time orientation
lifestyle.
Technological factors[edit]
The technological environment is becoming a lot more important in the modern day business environment. New technology produces new opportunities for companies and organizations to create, sell and promote a product. Technology is rapidly growing and forever changing. Telecommunication technology e.g. cellphones and laptops are increasing the opportunity within an organization to promote and sell a product. The internet has made information available to the consumer to easily compare current prices of a product or service with the price of the competitors of the same product or service. The internet has also created more opportunity to market the product or service via the use of social media.[10]
Internet
E-commerce
Social Media
Electronic Media
Research and Development
Rate of technological change.
Environmental factors[edit]
The environmental factors of the PESTLE analysis include natural resources that are affected by the processes of selling and marketing products or services. The two main environmental trends that need to be considered when evaluating the natural environment is the increased pollution and growing shortage of raw materials, Government regulations are creating practices that encourage environmental sustainability. A business might for example utilize recyclable and biodegradable packaging, thus making the most of the environmental opportunities to create a sustainable organizational in the current natural environment.[10]
Competitive advantage
Waste disposal
Energy consumption
Pollution monitoring, etc.
Legal factors[edit]
The legal environment includes the laws and regulations of a state. The laws and regulations will influence the way in which an organization will market or sell the product and services. The legal factors influence trade agreements between different governments and states. The governments that have a well developed public policy about selling and marketing goods may limit competition and place other obligations on retailers.[10]
Employment law
Health and safety
Product safety
Advertising regulations
Product labeling
Labour laws etc.[11]
SWOT analysis[edit]
SWOT or situation analysis is used when without to look at both the internal and external environment. SWOT stands for Strength, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat. The internal factors considered are the strengths and weaknesses where the opportunities and threats are external factors that are all used and considered to help improve the overall decision making process in dynamic strategic situations the business is facing.
The strengths are positive characteristics in the internal business environment which can be capitalized on to increase the overall organisations performance. The weakness are factors of the internal environment which may restrict and interfere with the positive organizational performance. The internal environment factors will include finance, production, research, development and marketing. The opportunities include factors of the external environment that act like stepping stones for the organization in order to achieve their current strategic goals. The threats include the factors that have an effect and may interrupt the organization from achieving the goals. Often threats will come out of the external business environment.[12]
Mesoenvironment[edit]
The meso-level is settled between the macro- and the micro- level. This field deals with the design of the specific environment of the enterprises. It is of decisive importance that the layout of the physical infrastructure (transport, communication and power distribution systems) and of the sector policies, especially of the education, research and technology policy, are oriented towards competitiveness. In addition, the design of the trade policy and systems of rules (for example: environmental norms and technical safety standards), which contributes to the development of national advantages of competition, is relevant. Like on the micro-level, on the meso-level new patterns of organisation and steering must be developed. The state shall give impulses and mediate between enterprises, associations, science and intermediate institutions. "The design of locations becomes like that a continuous process on the basis of the efforts of enterprises, science and state as well as of the determined cooperation of private and public agents".
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kotler, Armstrong, Philip, Gary. Principles of Marketing. ALEBASH.
Jump up ^ Armstrong, Gary (2012). Principles of Marketing (5th ed.). NSW: Pearson Education Inc. p. 80. ISBN 9781442531109.
Jump up ^ Kotler, Phillip and Gary M. Armstrong(2006), Principles of Marketing (Version 12/E). Pearson Education Inc. New Jersey
Jump up ^ Dillerup, R., Stoi, R. (2006), "Unternehmensführung",Vahlen, p. 179 et seq.; p. 187 et seq.
^ Jump up to: a b Kroon, J. (1995), "General Management" (2nd Edition), Pearson South Africa, p. 76
Jump up ^ Kroon,J. (1995), "General Management" (2nd Edition), Pearson South Africa, p. 76
^ Jump up to: a b c d Albright, Kendra (May–June 2008). "Environmental Scanning: Radar For Success". Information Management Journal.
Jump up ^ Costa, Jorge (1995). "An Empirically- based Review Of The Concept Of Environment Scanning". International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management.
^ Jump up to: a b c Samson, Danny (2012). Management In New Zealand. Cengage Learning.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Armstrong, Gary (2012). Principles Of Marketing. N.S.W: Pearson Australia.
Jump up ^ Jeffs, C. (2008), "Strategic Management", SAGE Publications Ltd., p. 29 et seq.
Jump up ^ Nixon, Judy (2010). "Exploring SWOT analysis - where are we now?: A review of academic research from the last decade". Journal of Strategy and Management.
External links[edit]
Marketing Environment Article by Mohammad Monwer Hossain (MBA in Marketing)[permanent dead link]
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Market_environment&oldid=827192931"
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Preston Burke
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Preston Burke
Grey's Anatomy character
The Season 3 Gallery Picture of Isaiah Washington as Preston Burke
First appearance
"A Hard Day's Night"
1x01, March 27, 2005
Last appearance
"Didn't We Almost Have It All?"
3x25, (as main cast), May 17, 2007
"We Are Never Getting Back Together"
10x22, (as guest), May 1, 2014
Created by
Shonda Rhimes
Portrayed by
Isaiah Washington
Information
Full name
Preston Xavier Burke
Aliases
Pres, Burke
Occupation
Attending cardiothoracic surgeon at Seattle Grace Hospital (former)
Title
Chief Of Cardiothoracic Surgery (former) M.D.
F.A.C.S.
Spouse(s)
Edra Burke
Significant other(s)
Cristina Yang (ex-fiancee)
Relatives
Jane Burke (mother)
Donald Burke (father)
Religion
Christian[1]
Preston Xavier Burke,[2] M.D. is a fictional character from the medical drama television series Grey's Anatomy, which airs on ABC in the United States. The character was created by series producer Shonda Rhimes, and was portrayed by actor Isaiah Washington from 2005 to 2007. Introduced as an attending cardiothoracic surgeon at the fictional Seattle Grace Hospital, Burke's romantic relationship with intern Cristina Yang formed one of the main storylines in the shows' first three seasons.
Burke made his final appearance in the third season, leaving Seattle in the aftermath of his failed wedding. On June 7, 2007, ABC announced it had decided not to renew Washington's contract, and that he would be dropped from the show after an on-set incident with fellow cast members T.R. Knight and Patrick Dempsey.
While mentioned in passing throughout later seasons, Burke officially returns in the tenth season in order to conclude Cristina Yang's departure from the series.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Storylines
2 Development
2.1 Casting and creation
2.2 Characterization
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Storylines[edit]
Preston Burke is the former chief cardiothoracic surgeon at Seattle Grace Hospital. He completed his pre-medical studies at Tulane University where he pledged Kappa Alpha Psi, and went on to graduate first in his class from Johns Hopkins School of Medicine. While in college, he met Erica Hahn (Brooke Smith), who graduated in second place after him, beginning a rivalry between them. He was once the interim chief of surgery while Dr. Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.) was healing from his brain surgery. In season 1, it is revealed that Richard had promised him the position but instead enticed his former student, renowned neurosurgeon Derek Shepherd (Patrick Dempsey), to Seattle as he felt Burke was becoming arrogant and needed competition to keep him on his toes. He began a relationship with intern Cristina Yang (Sandra Oh) but broke it off because he feared it would ruin both of their reputations. Her miscarriage brought them back together. He and Cristina lived together in his perfectly kept apartment.
Towards the end of the second season, he was shot, which affected his control of his right-hand. His temporary fix to this possibly long-term problem was to work together with Cristina during every one of his surgeries so that she could take over in case he might have trouble with his hand. The arrangement fell apart after Cristina, reacting to growing stress after George O'Malley (T. R. Knight) caught onto their secret, went to the Chief and confessed everything. Initially, he was engaged in a cold war with Cristina, where neither of them spoke. However, after she broke the silence, he proposed to her and she accepted his proposal. Before their secret was revealed, Burke was to become the next Chief of Surgery, but he had to compete with his fellow attendings for the position. He has since recovered from the injury, after Derek operated on him. For the remainder of the season, Preston and Cristina prepared for the wedding and experienced normal stresses that result from such a process, such as meeting each other's parents.
However, in the finale of season three, on the day of their wedding, Burke told Cristina that he no longer wished to make her do anything against her will, and realized he was trying to make Cristina the woman he wanted her to be, and not accept her as the woman she is. Cristina said she "thought this was what she wanted." He wanted her to say she knew it was what she wanted, so he left her in the chapel. Cristina then returned to their apartment and discovered Burke had left, taking with him the things that meant something to only him (his trumpet, his Eugene Foote collection, his grandmother's picture, and his lucky scrub cap), leaving Cristina devastated.
In the fourth season, Preston's long-time rival and love-to-hate medic Dr. Erica Hahn replaced him as the head of cardiothoracic surgery. Before taking over the position she had tremendous respect for Burke although she would have never admitted it to his face. Hahn disliked Cristina Yang because of her relationships with Dr. Burke and Colin Marlow. During his employment at a new hospital, he is made the recipient of 2008's Harper Avery, a highly prestigious medical award. Cristina is later hurt that he did not mention her in his article, even though Cristina helped Burke with his recovery from an injury.
In season ten, Preston is seen to be living in Zürich, where he runs a privately owned cardiothoracic research hospital. He invited Cristina to the hospital to give a speech on her research. Cristina is both shocked and angered by the sight of Preston, and the former couple exchange bitter sentiments. Cristina claims that the two would never have worked out because she wanted to emulate him, not be by his side. Preston then reveals his ulterior motive for bringing Cristina to Switzerland: to ask her to take over his hospital, which she accepts. He is married to an Italian woman, Edra, and has two daughters, Simone and Vivianna. They are on the verge of moving to Milan.
Development[edit]
Casting and creation[edit]
"In the abstract, Burke was a more awkward and self-hating guy, a little bit of a weasel, but that was before Isaiah walked into the room. Isaiah played him as someone who intensely loves his job. He brought a sense of honor to what Burke does. And with Isaiah, suddenly there was a sexiness to the role, an intelligence and a wit."
Rhimes on Washington's audition as Burke[4]
The character of Preston Burke was originally envisioned as a caucasian, to be played by Paul Adelstein, who starred in Grey's Anatomy's spin-off Private Practice. However, due to his commitment to a film whose shooting dates changed, the actor had to drop out at the last moment and his character was rethought.[5][6] Isaiah Washington was originally considered for the role of Derek Shepherd, which eventually went to Patrick Dempsey.[5] Washington later received a callback from Rhimes to play Burke. He commented: "I knew I could never be wrong in my heart about something so good and so genuine. Her writing just seemed very complex, very honest."[7] "I said that I would only do it if I didn't have to be like that guy on that other medical show who was always struggling with his anger."[8]
Shonda Rhimes noted Washington's commitment to his role, revealing that he learns all his surgeries before he performs them on television.[9] "I think if he stopped at an accident on the street, he'd know exactly what to do. He has pulled shifts at hospitals where he follows the surgeons around for 48 hours". At the beginning of the series, Burke is one of the three African american characters, along with Miranda Bailey (Chandra Wilson) and Richard Webber (James Pickens, Jr.).
In the show's third season, Washington became a central figure in a widely reported backstage controversy. In October 2006, news reports surfaced that Washington had insulted co-star T.R. Knight with a homophobic slur. Shortly after the details of the argument became public, Knight publicly disclosed that he was gay. The situation seemed somewhat resolved when Washington issued a statement, apologizing for his "unfortunate use of words during the recent incident on-set."[10] The controversy later resurfaced when the cast appeared at the Golden Globes in January 2007. While being interviewed on the red carpet prior to the awards, Washington joked, "I love gay. I wanted to be gay. Please let me be gay."[11] After the show won Best Drama, Washington, in response to press queries as to any conflicts backstage, said, "I never called T.R. a faggot." However, in an interview with Ellen DeGeneres on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, Knight said that "everybody heard him." After being rebuked by his studio, Touchstone Television (now ABC Studios), Washington issued a statement apologizing at length for using the epithet in an argument with Patrick Dempsey. On January 30, 2007, a source told People magazine that Washington was scheduled to return to the Grey's Anatomy set as early on that Thursday for the first time since entering "executive counseling" after making the comments at the Golden Globes. However, on June 7, 2007, ABC announced it had decided not to renew Washington's contract, and that he would be dropped from the show. "I'm mad as hell and I'm not going to take it anymore," Washington said in a statement released by his publicist, borrowing the famous line from Network. In another report, Washington stated he was planning to "spend the summer pursuing charity work in Sierra Leone, work on an independent film and avoid worrying about the show."[12] In a subsequent interview, Washington claimed that "they fired the wrong guy" (referring to Knight) and said he was considering filing a lawsuit as a result. He accused Knight of using the controversy to bolster his own career and increase his salary on Grey's Anatomy.[13] Washington, in late June 2007, began asserting that racism within the media was a factor in his firing from the series.[14] On July 2, 2007, Washington appeared on Larry King Live on CNN, to present his side of the controversy. According to Washington, he never used the "F Word" in reference to Knight, but rather blurted it out in an unrelated context in the course of an argument "provoked" by Dempsey, who, he felt, was treating him like a "B-word," a "P-word," and the "F-word," which Washington said conveyed "somebody who is being weak and afraid to fight back."[15] Washington himself said that his dismissal from Grey's Anatomy was an unfortunate misunderstanding that he was eager to move past.
On March 6, 2014, Shonda Rhimes announced that Washington would return to his role for one episode airing in May to help conclude Sandra Oh's final storylines as Cristina Yang. Rhimes said of his return, "It's important to me that Cristina's journey unfolds exactly as it should. Burke is vital to that journey -- he gives her story that full-circle moment we need to properly say goodbye to our beloved Cristina Yang."[16]
Characterization[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (September 2012)
Washington said of his character: "He did start out sort of stone-faced, but he's evolved into someone we see as an effective leader and someone who learns how to love and be loved." Thanks to Yang, Washington says Burke "has been able to show levels of vulnerability."[17] In an interview with Oprah Winfrey, Rhimes has described Preston as a "mama's boy",[9] and noted the shock the audience felt when discovering that side of his personality after the arrival of his parents. Isaiah Washington also noted Preston's "determination" and "commitment".[citation needed] Rhimes referred to Burke's relationship with Yang by the portmanteau "Burktina", citing "Losing My Religion" as one of her favorite episodes featuring them because it shows their evolution from the beginning of the second season to its end.[18] Ann Oldenburg of USA Today called it "one of the spiciest relationships on TV right now". Drawing a comparison between the two doctors, she said Burke is "tidy" while Yang is "messy"; he is "spiritual" but she is not.[19]
Reception[edit]
Isaiah Washington has been nominated for multiple awards for his portrayal of Preston Burke. He and the Grey's Anatomy cast won Best Ensemble in a Television Series at the 2006 Satellite Awards.[20] He was awarded "Outstanding Actor in a Drama Series" twice at the NAACP Image Awards, in 2006 and 2007. Washington was recognized along with the rest of the cast at the Screen Actors Guild Awards, receiving three nominations for "Outstanding Performance by an Ensemble in a Drama Series" each year from 2006 to 2008, with the 2007 Awards marking a victory. TV Guide named Isaiah Washington "TV's Sexiest Man" in 2006.[citation needed]
Burke's relationship with Cristina Yang was considered as "one of the most interesting relationships on the show."[21] Similarly, The Orange County Register wrote that their romance became "one of the most touching and funny attractions of Grey's Anatomy."[17] Oscar Dahl of BuddyTV listed Burke as the fifth worthless TV character.[22]
References[edit]
Specific
Jump up ^ Episode 12 of Season 2 "Grandma Got Run Over By a Reindeer"
Jump up ^ Episode 26 of Season 2 "Deterioration of the Fight or Flight Response"
Jump up ^ http://www.hypable.com/2014/04/27/greys-anatomy-season-10-episode-22-we-are-never-getting-back-together-preview-stills-synopsis/
Jump up ^ Rhodes, Joe (July 15, 2005). "Today's News: Our Take – Vet Earns M.D. on Grey's Anatomy". TV Guide. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Fogel, Matthew (8 May 2005). "'Grey's Anatomy' Goes Colorblind". New York Times. Arthur Ochs Sulzberger, Jr. Retrieved May 8, 2009.
Jump up ^ Cohn, Paulette (July 16, 2012). "Paul Adelstein's 'Grey's Anatomy' Disappointment". American Profile. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ Albiniak, Paige (May 29, 2005). "Why 'Grey' Seems So Bright". Broadcasting & Cable. NewBay Media. Retrieved September 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ Fonseca, Nicholas (September 16, 2005). "Playing Doctors". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved June 13, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Oprah Winfrey talks to Shonda Rhimes".
Jump up ^ "EXCLUSIVE: Isaiah Washington Apologizes". People. October 25, 2006.
Jump up ^ The Associated Press (January 17, 2007). "Isaiah Washington: "I Love Gay"". Access Hollywood. Archived from the original on 2007-01-20. Retrieved 2007-01-17.
Jump up ^ "ABC drops Washington from Grey's Anatomy". Cbc.ca. June 8, 2007. Retrieved 2007-06-08.
Jump up ^ Grey's star says they fired the wrong guy, Houston Chronicle, June 21, 2007
Jump up ^ "Racism was a factor", Washington Post, June 28, 2007
Jump up ^ For the transcript, see http://transcripts.cnn.com/TRANSCRIPTS/0707/02/lkl.01.html
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (March 7, 2014). "Isaiah Washington Returning to 'Grey's Anatomy'". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 6, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Duffy, Mike (April 2, 2006 – September 10, 2012). "TV: No tokens on this work force". The Orange County Register. Freedom Communications. Retrieved September 10, 2012.
Jump up ^ Rhimes, Shonda (May 17, 2006). "From Shonda Rhimes (FINALLY).." Grey Matter. American Broadcasting Company. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ oldenburg, Ann (December 20, 2005). "Love is no longer color-coded on TV". USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Winner Announcement" (PDF). www.pressacademy.com. International Press Academy. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 10, 2007. Retrieved January 22, 2012.
Jump up ^ Krause, Staci (February 7, 2007). "Grey's Anatomy: "Wishin' and Hopin'"". IGN. Retrieved June 22, 2012.
Jump up ^ Dahl, Oscar (January 15, 2007). "Top Ten Most Worthless TV Characters: #5 Preston Burke". BuddyTV. Retrieved September 3, 2012.
General
"Grey's Anatomy: Episode Recap Guide". ABC. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
External links[edit]
Preston Burke on IMDb
Grey's Anatomy at ABC.com
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