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Ejection (sports)
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A French team handball player being ejected from a match, signaled by the red card held aloft by the referee
In sports, an ejection (also known as dismissal, sending-off, or disqualification) is the removal of a participant from a contest due to a violation of the sport's rules. The exact violations that lead to an ejection vary depending upon the sport, but common causes for ejection include unsportsmanlike conduct, violent acts against another participant that are beyond the sport's generally accepted standards for such acts, abuse against officials, violations of the sport's rules that the contest official deems to be egregious, or the use of an illegal substance to better a player's game. Most sports have provisions that allow players to be ejected, and many allow for the ejection of coaches, managers, or other non-playing personnel.
The decision to eject a participant usually lies with one or more officials present at the contest (e.g., referees or umpires). In addition to removal from the contest, many sports leagues provide additional sanctions against participants who have been ejected, such as monetary fines or suspensions from future contests.
When the offender is ejected, he/she must leave the immediate playing area; in most cases, this means going to the locker room or other part of the venue out of sight of the playing area, or in extreme cases, leaving the facility grounds. In many youth sports leagues, ejected players are required to stay with their coach in the team area, or at least be supervised by an adult at whatever location the player is required to go. If a participant refuses to cooperate with an ejection, additional sanctions may be levied, such as forfeiture of the contest, monetary fines, or suspensions.
Contents
[hide]
1 Conditions for ejection by sport
1.1 Basketball
1.2 Baseball
1.3 American football
1.4 Association football
1.5 Rugby football
1.6 Cricket
1.7 Ice hockey
1.8 Water polo
1.9 Field lacrosse
2 Additional penalties
3 See also
4 References
Conditions for ejection by sport[edit]
Basketball[edit]
In NBA and most other basketball games, a player or coach is ejected from the game if he accumulates two technical fouls of an unsportsmanlike nature over the course of the game. Participants who commit fouls of violence or enter the stands are ejected summarily regardless of the number of technical fouls accumulated. Ejected players/coaches must leave the court area for the remainder of play, and must do so immediately, or else risk even heavier fines/suspensions. In the NBA, an ejection will result in, at minimum, a $1,000 fine; an ejection for leaving the bench during a fight carries at least a one-game suspension as well. In domestic games, refusing to leave after being ejected can result in a player being put on report. If being put on report does not provide enough encouragement for a player to leave the court, the official may award the game to the opposing team, regardless of score. Players who incur 16 technical fouls in a single NBA season are automatically suspended for one game; an additional suspension is imposed for each increment of two thereafter. Should a player receive the 16th technical foul in the last regular-season game, he will be suspended for the first game in the next season, unless if his team is in the playoffs, when he will be suspended for the first playoff game. In the playoffs, players are suspended if they receive seven technical fouls.
A significant rule change was made in 1981 whereby the NBA eliminated the ejection of a coach for three technical fouls caused by an illegal defense. Also, in the NBA ejections and suspensions are not permissible if a technical foul is caused by an excessive timeout, delay of game, accidental departure from the coach's box, the destruction of a backboard caused by a play (such as a dunk), defensive hanging on any part of the basket unit to successfully touch a ball (Rule 12), or any remaining in the game after six fouls when a team is out of players because of fouls, injuries, and ejections under Rule 3, Section I, paragraph b. These technical fouls are referenced as "Non-Unsportsmanlike Conduct Technical Fouls". The NBA all-time leader in disqualifications is Vern Mikkelsen, who was disqualified 127 times in 631 games.
In FIBA sanctioned games, a player is ejected for two technicals (since October 1, 2014), unsportsmanlike fouls or one disqualifying foul. Technical fouls in FIBA include swinging of elbows without contact and flopping, which are not fouls in the NBA. A coach can be ejected upon having incurred two coach technical fouls, or a combination of three bench and coach technical fouls. There is no separation regarding a "non-unsportsmanlike conduct technical foul," as in the NBA, so two delay of game violations result in an ejection.
In NFHS contests, ejected players must remain on the team bench, so that they may continue to be supervised by a coach or other adult team representative. If an adult team representative other than the head coach, such as an adult assistant coach, can provide supervision from the court and to the locker room for the duration of the contest, the player may leave the visual confines of the playing area with this representative.
In NCAA contests, ejected players are dismissed to the locker room; no adult supervision is required as NCAA players are assumed to be legally of adult age.
Basketball also features disqualification, also known as fouling out. A player who commits a certain number of personal fouls in a game (5 or 6 in most leagues), is removed from the game and is said to have "fouled out". Unlike ejection, disqualification is not considered a punitive action but rather a natural consequence of a very physical sport with many instances of contact. Disqualified players are permitted to remain on the bench with the team (instead of being sent to the locker room, as with an ejected player) and are not subject to any further penalties (such as fines or suspensions); they can resume play in their next game. In the NBA, a technical foul (which does not count towards suspension or ejection) is also assessed for re-entering a game after fouling out of a game in emergency situations listed in Rule 3, Section I when a team is reduced to five players. Once that occurs, a technical foul is charged if a player remains in the game after his sixth or subsequent foul, or as the last player to foul out, re-enters the game in case of injury to an eligible player that must be removed.
Disqualification also occurs at the high school level as the result of two technical fouls. Contrary to popular folklore, two technicals do not lead to automatic ejection, but instead, lead to disqualification. Due to this common misunderstanding, many disqualified players have ejected themselves, having committed severe unsporting acts after receiving their second technical foul.
Baseball[edit]
See also: Major League Baseball umpiring records § Ejections
Despite having been ejected, manager of the Wisconsin Timber Rattlers Scott Steinmann continues to argue with umpire Nicholas Nolde.
In baseball, each umpire has a considerable amount of discretion, and may eject any player, coach, or manager solely on his own judgment of unsportsmanlike conduct.[1] The ejectable offense may be an excessively heated or offensive argument with an umpire, offensive interference (contact with the catcher on a play at the plate), malicious game play (especially pitchers attempting to intentionally strike batters with the ball or a manager or coach ordering a pitcher to do so),[2] illegally applying a foreign substance to a bat or otherwise tampering with a ball (most famously, George Brett's Pine Tar Game),[3] using a corked bat,[4] charging the mound, or otherwise fighting. Between players and umpires, there is a common understanding that a certain level of argument is permitted, but players who too vigorously question an umpire's judgment of balls and strikes,[5] or argue a balk, may risk an ejection.
Persons other than players, coaches and managers, such as spectators, ballpark staff, or members of the media, may be ejected at an umpire's discretion.[6] Depending on the circumstances, spectators who are ejected may also face arrest and prosecution. Bat boys and ball boys may be ejected for not wearing proper safety equipment.[7]
In some cases, an ejection is followed by a fine or a suspension by the league if the player, or manager or coach, reacts in a very hostile manner towards the umpire. Also, any ejection for malicious game play will normally result in a suspension. Some managers will engage in arguments with umpires specifically to provoke an ejection, in hopes of inspiring a rally from their team. Former Atlanta Braves manager Bobby Cox holds the MLB record for most ejections with 161 while Hall of Fame umpire Bill Klem holds the record for most ejections by an umpire with 251.[8] Baseball has a rich vocabulary for describing ejections: a player or coach may also be "run", "thrown out", "banned", "given the ol' heave-ho", "sent to the clubhouse", "hit the showers", "tossed", "kicked out", "dumped", "sent off", "pitched", "bounced out", "canned", "chucked", or "booted".
American football[edit]
Any player or team official who commits a personal foul (i.e. striking, kicking, kneeing) against another player or team official, commits an act of unnecessary roughness against another player or team official, commits an act of unsportsmanlike conduct, or commits a palpably unfair act is liable to be disqualified from further participation if the act is found to be flagrant. Any player or team official who fights with another player or team official, leaves the bench to take part in a fight, intentionally makes contact with or assaults a game official, or uses any item of equipment as a weapon is automatically disqualified.
Compared to other American sports (perhaps with the exception of basketball), ejections in American football are relatively uncommon considering the physical nature of the sport. If a player or team official is disqualified, his/her team is assessed a 15-yard penalty, but if a player or team official is disqualified for a palpably unfair act, the distance or score penalty will be determined by the referee after consultation with the other officials.[9]
The National Football League (NFL) made an experimental rule change on March 23, 2016 for the following season stating that two unsportsmanlike conduct penalties on a player would result in an automatic ejection from the game.[10] Some coaches have expressed concern that this could result in a player with one such penalty being goaded by the opposing team into a second penalty to get them removed from the game.[11]
In high school football, a player or team official is automatically disqualified if he/she receives two unsportsmanlike conduct penalties in the same game. In college football, a player is automatically disqualified if he/she is determined to have led with the crown of his/her helmet, or targeted a defenseless player in his/her head or neck area. In addition, if said infraction is committed in the second half of a game, the player is suspended for the first half of the following game.
Association football[edit]
A red card, signifying ejection from a match
Main article: Foul (association football)
In association football, a player is dismissed from the field of play by the referee showing him/her a red card if (s)he commits a dismissible offence or has committed a second cautionable (yellow card) offence having already received a yellow card in the same game. The act of ejection is referred to in the sport as "sending off".
A difference between being dismissed in association football and the above-mentioned sports is that in association football, a player may not be replaced, forcing his/her team to play a man down for the remainder of the match. Additionally, a dismissal in any professional league results in an automatic suspension of at least one match.
It is also possible for the manager or other team official to be "sent off", which requires him/her to leave his/her dugout and sit in the stands away from the touch line. This usually requires another member of the coaching staff to make decisions for the team, such as substitutes and formation. Also, depending upon the rules of the association presiding over the game, the manager or team official may not be allowed on the bench or to communicate with assistants for at least his/her team's next game.
One team will forfeit the match if they have less that 7 players on the field as a result of them being sent off.
If a match is forfeited by ejection of one team's five players, the extremely short-handed team will lose by 3-0 unless the team winning due to the forfeiture of the losing team has scored 4 or more goals more than the team losing by forfeit, in which the score on the field will stand.[12]
According to the Guinness Book of World Records, the most red cards administered in one game is 20, for a match between Paraguayan teams Sportivo Ameliano and General Caballero that broke down into a generalized brawl and was subsequently abandoned.[13]
Rugby football[edit]
In all codes of rugby, a player may be temporarily suspended for a period of the match. In rugby union and rugby league, the standard suspension period is 10 minutes (out of an 80-minute game). This is generally referred to as a 'yellow card' as players are generally shown one in a manner similar to association football. Suspended players are said to be sent to the sin bin and is signalled by the referee showing two outstretched hands to the offender (rugby league) or by a yellow card (rugby union). In the Northern Hemisphere it is not uncommon for referees to use both red and yellow cards in rugby league, similar to rugby union.
In rugby union sevens, which normally lasts 14 minutes (20 in finals), the suspension period is 2 minutes. While eight minutes shorter than in fifteens, suspensions are more severe in sevens as one seventh of the team is out for one seventh of the match; this opens up more space than losing one fifteenth of the team for one eighth of the match.
Temporary suspensions are usually given for repeated infringements (by either the same player or team), professional fouls and foul play, such as high tackles. A player cannot be replaced while temporarily suspended, though may be at the conclusion of the suspension period. For more serious offences or a second infraction warranting a temporary suspension sanction, a player may be sent off for the rest of the game, with no replacement allowable.
Special conditions exist in rugby union for the replacement of a sinbinned or sent-off front-row forward.
Referees also have the power to send team officials to the stands, similar to that in football.
Cricket[edit]
In cricket, there is no provision in the rules for a player to be ejected, as the spirit of the game is against behaviour reaching the point at which such action would be required. However, players may be fined or suspended upon a post-game review of their conduct.[14]
In keeping with the spirit of the game, however, the umpires have the power to eject a bowler from the team's bowling attack for the remainder of the innings (or in the case of a one-innings match or the second innings of a two-innings match, the remainder of the match) if the bowler, after having received one or two prior warnings (depending on prior offences), is guilty of throwing (law 24.4), ball-tampering (law 42.3), dangerous and unfair bowling (laws 42.6 and 42.7), time wasting (law 42.9) or running onto the protected area of the pitch (law 42.12). Any bowler who is guilty of deliberately bowling a high full-pitched ball (law 42.8) is automatically ejected.
If a bowler is ejected, the umpires will direct the captain of the fielding team, once the ball is dead, to take the bowler off forthwith. If there is an over in progress when the bowler is ejected, it shall be completed by another bowler who shall neither have bowled the previous over nor be allowed to bowl the next over. The bowler thus ejected shall not bowl again in that innings.[15]
Ice hockey[edit]
See also: Penalty (ice hockey)
In ice hockey, there are several types of ejections for penalties: a "game ejection", "game misconduct penalty", "match penalty", and formerly "gross misconduct penalty".
During games sanctioned by Hockey Canada, a "game ejection" is issued for three stick infraction penalties and is rather rare. These penalties include cross checking, high sticking, butt ending, slashing, and spearing.
A game misconduct penalty is usually issued against a player for unsportsmanlike play, escalating a fight, or leaving the penalty box before he has completed serving time for another penalty, although some major penalties carry an automatic game misconduct. If a player incurs three game misconducts in a season, (s)he will be given a one-match ban. The player must leave the ice immediately, and a substitute may take over. However, if any other penalties are incurred by the ejected player in the same incident, they must be served in the penalty box by the substituting player. By the USA Hockey rules[16] a player can receive a game misconduct for violently checking an opponent into the boards from behind, or if the opponent's head strikes the boards or the goal frame as a result of the check from behind. It is also common knowledge that a player receive a game misconduct, regardless of the force of the hit, the second time (s)he checks an opponent from behind.
A match penalty is usually issued against a player for deliberately attempting to injure another player, such as stomping on him with his/her skate or a malicious hit. In addition to the offending player being immediately ejected (and usually subject to suspension), another player must serve a five-minute major penalty in the penalty box in addition to any other penalties imposed. The only exception is if a match penalty is against a goaltender, in which case the replacement goaltender can enter the ice immediately and a non-goaltender player serves the penalties. Match penalties may also be automatically flagged for review and supplementary discipline, depending on the league or association.
Prior to 2000, a gross misconduct was normally issued for an action far outside the normal level of acceptable behavior and was commonly given when a player has "made a travesty of the game".
Water polo[edit]
An ejection is called for a hold, sink, or pullback by a defensive player. If a player commits a foul within 5 meters to the goal that prevents a probable goal the offense will be awarded a penalty shot. Ejections and penalties are also awarded due to interference of a play. For example, if an ordinary foul is called (one blast of whistle) and the defensive player continues to play on that player, an ejection will be awarded. If the player fails to make their way to the penalty box, the offensive team will be awarded a penalty shot. The replacement player may not join play until a change of possession, turnover or once 20 seconds elapse. Should the player acquire 3 personal fouls (penalties/ejections) the player must sit out for the remainder the game. Players in the water that acquire a misconduct (shown by circular hand motions by the referee) may no longer participate in the game and must sit out for the remainder of the game. Coaches and players on the bench may be removed by being awarded a red card. For Flagrant Misconducts and Brutalities the player may no longer participate for the remainder of the game, leave the playing area, and must face the consequences following their respective rulebook (NCAA, FINA, NFHS, etc.)
Field lacrosse[edit]
In men's field lacrosse, an ejection (expulsion foul) is issued for a severe penalty, such as fighting, leaving the bench to take part in a fight, malicious hits, deliberately attempting to injure another player, blatant fouls at the end of (or immediately following) a game, or (in high school) receiving two unreleasable unsportsmanlike conduct penalties. Coaches and nonplaying personnel on a team must also be ejected if they use tobacco products during a game. The team guilty of an expulsion foul must serve a three-minute non-releasable penalty, and the ejected player/coach is suspended for the next game.
Fouling out occurs if a player incurs five minutes of personal foul penalty time (I.e. slashing, illegal body check, tripping, unnecessary roughness, unsportsmanlike conduct, punishable by a one to three minute penalty), but does not result in a suspension from the next game. Technical fouls do not count towards the five minutes; however a player may be called for unsportsmanlike conduct if they repeatedly commit the same technical foul, in which case it would count toward fouling out.
Additional penalties[edit]
In some instances, a player or coach who is ejected must serve a suspension and may pay a fine. Often, the suspension is one game for the first offense, with harsher penalties depending on subsequent ejections and the severity of the offense. Sometimes in professional sports, a fine may be sanctioned against a player or coach.
Most NFHS contests require ejected players to remain in the team area, so they may be supervised by a responsible team adult, usually the head or assistant coach (as requiring a minor to leave an area unsupervised can lead to legal liabilities). If the player continues to be unruly, creative solutions may be implemented such as requiring an assistant coach to leave the area with the player, handing the player over to the school administrator on duty, or requiring the player's parents to take the player home.
See also[edit]
Sports portal
Penalty card
Walk of shame
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Rule 9.01(d)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Rule 8.02(d)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Rule 8.02(a)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Rule 6.06(d)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Rule 9.02(a)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Rule 9.01(e)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Rule 1.16(e)". Official Major League Rule Book. Major League Baseball. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Umpire Ejection Fantasy League Polls: He Gone". Close Call Sports. August 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ Summary of Penalties
Jump up ^ NFL passes automatic ejection rule for 2016 season
Jump up ^ http://bleacherreport.com/articles/2627124-coaches-fear-the-nfls-new-ejection-rule-could-lead-to-the-goon-scenario
Jump up ^ http://www.fifa.com/mm/document/affederation/administration/50/02/75/discoinhalte.pdf
Jump up ^ https://www.theguardian.com/football/2002/jan/28/theknowledge.sport
Jump up ^ The Laws of Cricket 42.18.iii (Player's Conduct) Archived January 5, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ The Laws of Cricket (MCC) Archived March 11, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "USA Hockey Rulebook" (PDF). USA Hockey. Retrieved 12 April 2013.
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Gullah Gullah Island
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Gullah Gullah Island
Created by
Maria Magdalena Perez
Kathleen Minton Capano
Kit Laybourne
Presented by
Ronald Daise
Natalie Daise
Theme music composer
Peter Lurye
Opening theme
"Let's All Go to Gullah Gullah Island"
Composer(s)
Billy Straus
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English, introducing Gullah
No. of seasons
4
No. of episodes
70
Production
Executive producer(s)
Maria Perez-Brown
Kathleen Minton Capano
Kit Laybourne
Location(s)
Nickelodeon Studios
Camera setup
Videotape; Multi-camera
Running time
24 minutes
Production company(s)
Magnet Productions (season 1)
Perez-Minton Productions, Inc.
Nickelodeon Productions
Distributor
CBS Television Distribution
Release
Original network
Nickelodeon
Picture format
SDTV (480i)
Original release
July 6, 1994 (1994-07-06) – January 9, 1998 (1998-01-09)
Gullah Gullah Island is an American musical children's television series that was produced by and aired on the Nickelodeon network from 1994 to 1998.[1] The show starred Ron and Natalie Daise, who also served as the cultural advisors, and was inspired by the Gullah culture of Ron Daise's home of St. Helena Island, South Carolina, part of the Sea Islands.[2][3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Origin and development
2 Format and production
3 Reception
3.1 Critical reception
3.2 Awards
4 Broadcast, syndication and marketing
5 Cast
6 Episodes
6.1 Season 1 (1994–95)
6.2 Season 2 (1995–96)
6.3 Season 3 (1996–97)
6.4 Season 4 (1997–98)
7 Binyah Binyah!
8 References
9 External links
Origin and development[edit]
Ron Daise's book Reminiscences of Sea Island Heritage was published in 1987. He and his New York-born wife, Natalie Daise (née Eldridge), followed by creating and touring with a multimedia show, Sea Island Montage, based on the book as well as stories from oral histories of elderly St. Helena Island residents.[4][5] After one of their performances, the Daises met with an executive producer from Nickelodeon.[6] Creator Maria Perez-Brown had planned on building a multicultural program featuring a "magical island" and was inspired by the Daises to use the Sea Islands and elements of Gullah culture.[7][8][9] Part of Nickelodeon's initiative to broaden its preschool programming, Gullah Gullah Island was the first show of its kind to star an African-American family set in an indigenously black community.[6][10] The show's originality caused some upfront concerns. "We were apprehensive about naming it 'Gullah Gullah Island'. We wanted to make sure the portrayal was positive and didn't in any way poke fun at the culture or the community," Ron Daise said of creating a show based on an existing culture.[11]
Format and production[edit]
Gullah Gullah Island is a sing-a-long half-hour live-action show.[2] The format was part of a 'flexible-thinking' initiative that taught children to make good choices rather than using a rote memorization.[8][12]
The series revolves around a family headed by Ron and Natalie Daise, playing fictionalized versions of themselves, set on the fictional "Gullah Gullah Island". Additional cast featured the Daise's actual children Simeon and Sara among others, including a full-body puppet frog, Binyah Binyah ('Binyah' is the Gullah word for 'island native'.)[13] The show was taped and recorded at Nickelodeon Studios in Orlando at Universal Studios Florida, with the show Clarissa Explains It All shot on the same set (interior and exterior).[6][14][15] Outdoor shots featured Beaufort, South Carolina and Fripp Island.[11][16] Charleston, SC was featured in one episode when the family took a trip to the City Market.[17][18]
Episodes are presented with a unified plot and not separate segments, featuring singing, dancing, learning and encouraging children to think about things like taking care of yourself, animals, telling the truth, social skills, and problem solving.[12][19] The show also highlights the culture and language of Gullah, descendants of former slaves who live on the Sea Islands off South Carolina and Georgia.[18]
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
Critical reception of the show was consistently positive; both as a children's show and as groundbreaker for African American programming, it was praised for "vividly colored sets, infectious sing-alongs, unique character accents and quirky humor that defined the show and introduced millions of children to an overlooked but centuries-old branch of African American culture."[20] It was described as "a combination summer camp, cheerleading session and music video."[21] The issues, especially with the first season, had to do with show's depiction being unrealistic. "The songs were lively and catchy, the kids were cute and the general theme was unlike other kids' programming," Jenifer Managan of Chicago Tribune wrote. However;
...it stars "perfect" parents, Ron and Natalie Daise, who with their three children (who never fight), neighbors and friends seek to entertain and socially educate kids through a sing-song series. While the show encourages active participation from at-home viewers, the dictionary responses and incomparable energy from the Daises make normal parents look like misfits. Perhaps as the show seasons, the lip-syncing will improve and the characters won't be so picture-perfect.[11][12]
In 1996, TV Guide named the show one of "10 best children's shows".[5] During its original broadcast, it was Nickelodeon's highest-rating preschool show averaging more 750,000 viewers per episode.[10][14][19]
Awards[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Nominee(s)
Episode
Result
1995 Parents' Choice Award[22][23] DVDs - Home Video Gullah Gullah Island: Sing Along With Binyah Binyah Won
1996 NAACP Image Award[22][24] Outstanding Educational/Informational Youth or Children's Series/Special Gullah Gullah Island Nominated
1997 NAACP Image Award[22][24] Outstanding Educational/Informational Youth or Children's Series/Special Gullah Gullah Island Nominated
Daytime Emmy Award[22][24][25] Outstanding Pre-School Children's Series Kathleen Minton (executive producer), Maria Perez-Brown (executive producer), Diane Fazio (supervising producer), Stephanie N. Jones (coordinating producer) Nominated
Writers Guild of America Award[22] Children's Script Eric Weiner Look Who's Balking Nominated
1998 NAACP Image Award[22][24] Outstanding Educational/Informational Youth or Children's Series/Special The Christmas Special Nominated
Outstanding Performance in a Youth or Children's Series/Special Ron Daise, Natalie Daise The Christmas Special Nominated
2000 NAACP Image Award[22][24] Outstanding Educational/Informational Youth or Children's Series/Special Gullah Gullah Island Nominated
Broadcast, syndication and marketing[edit]
The show ran for 4 seasons from 1994–1998, with a total of 66 episodes. Several special home video releases accompanied the original broadcast, including: Gullah Gullah Island: Binyah's Surprise (1994),[26] Gullah Gullah Island: Play Along With Binyah and Friends (1994),[27] Gullah Gullah Island - Dance Along with the Daise Family (1997),[28] and Gullah Gullah Island - Christmas (1998).[29]
Reruns of Gullah Gullah Island aired on Noggin (now Nick Jr.) from February 2, 1999-April 2004 and again from 2008–December 31, 2011.
Home videos of the show were released on VHS format by Sony Wonder from 1995-1996 and later by Paramount from 1997-1998. As of February 7, 2012, every season of the series is being released to DVD through Amazon.com's MOD (Make On Demand) program.[30] Nickelodeon licensed a series of children's books, musical cassettes and "Binyah Binyah Polliwog" plush animals.[14]
The first 37 episodes are available to watch on the Noggin subscription service as of October 14, 2015.
Cast[edit]
Vanessa Baden - Vanessa Alston
James Edward Coleman II - James Alston
Ron Daise - Ron Alston
Natalie Daise - Natalie Alston
Manolo Villaverde - Abuelo
Iris Chacón - Ms. Juana
Pixee Wales - Grandma Pixee
Mike Walker - Ranger Mike
Anita Endsley - Miss Audra (1995-1997)
Corey Hayes - Corey
Marcus T. Paulk - Himself
Siti Opeal - Miss Siti
Simeon Othello Daise - Simeon Alston
Shaina M. Freeman - Shaina Alston (1994–1997)
Tristin Mays - Shaina Alston (1997–1998)
Cristian Sola - Miguel (1997)
Sara Makeba Daise - Sara (1994–1997)
Mia Barrington - Mia
Greg Davis, Jr. - Greg
Armando Guerra - Armando (1994–1997)
Philip D. Garcia - Binyah Binyah (1994–1996) Philip Garcia was killed in a car accident in 1996
Matt Gillespie- Binyah Binyah (1996–1998) Replaced Garcia in the role of Binyah Binyah after Garcia's death.
Ana Christina Randolph - Marisol
Bryan Nguyen - Bryan
Zachary Chartier - Zachary
Jessica Gorski - Jessica
Kelly Holden - Greta
Willa Nathan - Willa
James J. Kroupa - Chansome the Pelican
Hillary Hawkins - (singing voice of Vanessa)
Episodes[edit]
Season 1 (1994–95)[edit]
Ep #
Title
01
"Ron's Birthday"
The family throws a surprise party for Ron.
02
"Charleston Market"
The family visits the Charleston Market down in South Carolina.
03
"The Binyah Binyah Polliwog Show"
Binyah Binyah runs away after breaking a broom. (Note: A segment of this episode can be seen in the video Kids for Character)
04
"Gullah Gullah Island Day"
Today is Gullah Gullah Island Day and the whole town celebrates their heritage.
05
"Going Places"
The family goes on a ride in Mr. Bradley's shrimp boat.
06
"Yes I Can"
The family learns new skills.
07
"Rain, Rain Go Away"
The kids have some fun despite a rainy day.
08
"Baby Animals"
The family learns about baby animals and how to properly take care of them.
09
"Oops!"
The kids learn about mistakes
10
"James' Treasure Box"
James searches for a treasure box to put his collection inside.
11
"Please Don't Eat the Alstons"
The children go to the market and see all that it has to offer. Meanwhile, Binyah Binyah learns about having good manners.
12
"Carnival"
The family has a carnival in their backyard.
13
"Relaciones Familares"
The family sees far-away relatives and learn Spanish.
14
"The Green Show"
Shaina learns how to take care of plants.
15
"The School Show"
Shaina and Sara go to kindergarten.
16
"Say What?!"
The kids learn to listen to all the sounds around us, such as gospel singers singing.
17
"Rhythm & Rhyme All the Time"
James writes his own rap song and the family sings nursery rhymes.
Season 2 (1995–96)[edit]
Ep #
Title
18
"Let the Games Begin"
The family participates in games.
19
"Friendship-Just the Perfect Blendship"
Shaina makes a new friend while James and Vanessa go crabbing.
20
"Natalie's Sick"
The kids take care of Natalie while she is sick with the cold and Binyah Binyah picks her flowers.
21
"Taking Care of Business"
Shaina goes to the dentist.
22
"Double Dutch"
Vanessa is excited to learn how to double dutch.
23
"Look Who's Balking"
Jessica is very jealous of losing attention to her new baby sister, Willa.
24
"Move Your Body"
Jessica fears dancing so the family tries to help her get over her fears so she can enjoy dancing with them.
25
"My Favorite Things"
The family shares with each other their favorite things.
26
"Beat It!"
The gang learns about rhythm.
27
"Armando's New Home"
The kids learn the importance of having rules.
28
"Spring Can Really Hang You Up The Most"
The gang celebrates the arrival of spring.
29
"Whose Friend Are You Anyway?"
James gets jealous about his new great best friend.
30
"Gullah Gullah Ghoul-Land"
The kids get scared while sleeping outside.
31
"Things that Go Bump in the Night"
The family is awakened at night by something.
32
"The Pet Show"
Vanessa is given the task of watching the class pet rabbit over the weekend. But when the rabbit goes missing, it's up to Vanessa and James' new club, The Lost and Found Agency, to find him.
33
"The Ego That Ate GGI"
All the kids act to their own version of "The Three Billy Goats Gruff."
34
"The Talent Show"
The family holds a talent show to raise money to buy a new bike for Vanessa after her old bike broke.
35
"Grandmas and Grandpas"
Simeon gets his first haircut, James puts on a beard and the girls have their very own hair show.
36
"Get Out of My Hair"
Simeon gets his first haircut, James puts on a beard and the girls have their very own hair show.
37
"Feeling Soup"
The kids and family learn all about different feelings.
38
"Mercy Mercy Me"
The gang learns to recycle and organizes their very own cleanup.
39
"Miss Ella Mae Breadsticks"
Shiana is embarrassed of her imaginary friend. Meanwhile, the kids learn about driftwood art.
40
"Shaina's Birthday"
Shaina celebrates her fifth birthday.
Season 3 (1996–97)[edit]
Ep #
Title
41
"What's Up with Jobs?"
The kids learn about all different types of jobs.
42
"Away All Boats"
Mia and the kids help build a paper boat.
43
"How You Sound"
The family sings and acts in their very own band.
44
"The Gullah Gullah Games"
Pro-basketball player, Dennis Scott, teaches James to play basketball and the importance of practice.
45
"Chansome's Big Surprises"
Chansome has a big surprise for the family.
46
"A Day at the Beach"
The family spends the day at the beach.
47
"Binyah Binyah's Parade"
Binyah Binyah is lonely and dreams of a big parade.
48
"Animal See, Animal Do"
Shaina is upset when she can't have a horse.
49
"The Dentist Makes Me Smile"
The family visits the dentist.
50
"Home Alone With Grandma"
The kids spend the weekend alone with Grandma.
51
"Fixing A Hurt"
Ranger Mike takes Shaina to see how to help and injured animal at the vets after Shaina hurt her knee at the house earlier that day.
52
"Special Places"
The kids learn about special places that people go to for quiet time. Vanessa makes one in the garage after being annoyed by Shaina's tea party.
Season 4 (1997–98)[edit]
Ep #
Title
53
"Simeon's Day"
Simeon has a special day with many surprises including hot dogs for breakfast and a puppet show.
54
"Family Day"
James is upset when Saturday doesn't go as he planned.
55
"The Mighty Cootas"
Shaina and Binyah Binyah play baseball for the Cootas and learn that being a good sport is the right thing to do when playing games, no matter if you win, lose, or even make a mistake.
56
"Campout"
The family goes on a camping trip in the woods.
57
"Here Come the Hatchlings"
Vanessa stays home while the family goes with Ranger Mike to see turtles hatch.
58
"Binyah the Barbarian"
Binyah Binyah learns proper table etiquette and how to act at an anniversary party.
59
"Magic Show"
James can't seem to get his magic tricks to work.
60
"Gullah Rocks"
Shaina builds her confidence and learns to be herself.
61
"Stray Dog Blues"
Jessica's dog runs away right before the Gullah Gullah Island pet show.
62
"James' New Buddy"
The family is introduced to James' new friend. However, Vanessa and Jessica bicker.
63
"The Hottest Day of the Year"
On a very hot day, the air conditioning in the house breaks and everyone tries to find new ways to cool off.
64
"A Barrel of Laughs"
The gang tries to make each other laugh on "Tickle My Ticklebone Day".
65
"Binyah Goes to School"
Binyah Binyah goes to school with the kids.
66
"A Gullah Gullah Christmas"
Shaina dreams that she is in the north pole. This is the Christmas special of Gullah Gullah Island.
67
"Big and Small"
The family goes on a bicycle outing; Shaina teaches Simeon many new things.
68
"The Big Sleepover"
The children feud over who gets to sleep in the living during each other own sleepovers.
69
"Lightning is Frightening"
The family tries to help Vanessa overcome her fear of thunder and lightning.
70
"Polliwog Day"
The family learns all about polliwogs.
Binyah Binyah![edit]
In 1997, five episodes of a Gullah Gullah Island miniseries titled Binyah Binyah! were produced at the now-defunct Nickelodeon Studios in Orlando, Florida, and aired from February 2 to February 6, 1998.[31] A separate theme song written by Sean Altman[32] was given to these episodes. The miniseries also featured several new puppet characters in addition to the original cast, and focused on polliwog Binyah Binyah journeying to locations outside of Gullah Gullah. Ron and Natalie Daise were a part of the cast as well.[33] It was never broadcast again after its initial airing of episodes, nor was it released to home video. A promo advertising the series' debut is the only known footage. Although it is believed that all five episodes are lost, most recently, it is announced on Lost Media Wiki that Episodes 4 and 5 are found, in the form of a collector's copy.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Gullah Gullah Island Episodes 1994, TV Show. "Gullah Gullah Island (70)". TV Guide. © 2014 CBS Interactive Inc. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b deVere, Paul (September 2008). "Ron and Natalie Daise: A Conversation". CH2 (Celebrate Hilton Head Magazine). Retrieved 6 June 2014.
Jump up ^ National Park Service, US Department of the Interior. "Gullah/Geechee Cultural Heritage Corridor FL,GA,NC,SC". National Park Service: Management. Retrieved 6 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Daise, Ronald (1987). Reminiscences of Sea Island Heritage. Orangeburg, SC: Sandlapper Publishing Company, Incorporated. p. 103. ISBN 087844081X. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b McClure, Greg (April 30, 2013). "Gullah stories, songs featured in BCC presentation at Fowler Hall". Purdue University. Purdue News. Retrieved 7 June 2014. Ron and Natalie Daise starred in and served as cultural consultants for the "Gullah Gullah Island" television show on Nick Jr. from 1994-98. It was named one of the 10 best children's shows by TV Guide in 1996 and in 1997 was nominated for a daytime Emmy in the preschool series category. The show was nominated twice for the NAACP Image Award and won two Parent's Choice Awards. Ron, a native of St. Helena Island, S.C., and Natalie Daise have been performing together since 1983 and were married in 1985. They then began touring with their show, Sea Island Montage, based on Ron's book Reminiscences of Sea Island Heritage, in 1986. The performances were based on stories from oral histories of elderly St. Helena Island residents.
^ Jump up to: a b c Cooperstein, Natalie (May 25, 2013). "Natalie Daise Reveals What it Takes to Become Harriet Tubman" (SPOLETO). Evening Post Industries company. The Post and Courier. Retrieved 7 June 2014. Daise: I was already a storyteller before the show. My husband had written a book about Gullah culture called "Reminiscences of Sea Island Heritage." He interviewed a lot of the elders on St. Helena Island and I brought those stories to the stage. At one performance, we met an executive producer from Nick and she said, "We could do a show with you guys!" I was pregnant with my second baby at the time and we shot the show in Orlando until he was five.
Jump up ^ Spivack, Elena (February 27, 2014). "Author, actor shares Gullah songs, stories at Gund". The Collegian of Kenyon College. Retrieved 7 June 2014. Daise managed to bring Gullah culture to children's television with Gullah Gullah Island, which ran from 1994 to 1997 and was the first children's programming to feature an African-American family. "Somehow — this has been misreported every time — this was not our [intention]," Daise said. He said that, by chance, he lunched with a producer who was visiting a prominent writer on St. Helena Island. For three days after, the producer stayed in Daise's home, observing him and his family. "That show is our life, but we did not create it," he said.
^ Jump up to: a b McCormick, Moira (April 25, 1995). "Nick Jr.'s Preschool Lineup Debuts on "Gullah Gullah"". Billboard Magazine. pp. 77–78. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
Jump up ^ RUIZ PATTON, Susan (April 24, 1998). "`Gullah' Coming To Fest * Nickelodeon Show Will Be Part Of Asa Packer Series". The Morning Call (LeHigh Valley). Retrieved 7 June 2014. The tour brings Ron and Natalie and their huge yellow pre-school frog friend, Binyah Binyah Pollywog, directly to fans of "Gullah Gullah Island." (For the uninitiated, the program teaches about helping people and enjoying life while it celebrates the rich cultural and linguistic heritage of the Gullah people, originally West African slaves whose descendants still live in the coastal areas of South Carolina and Georgia.) Going on the road was old hat for Ron and Natalie, who, before "Gullah Gullah Island," traveled the country for a decade performing "Sea Island Montage," a two-person show featuring the songs and stories of the Gullah people. Ron said that he and Natalie aren't terribly disappointed they won't be making any more "Gullah Gullah Island" shows. After all, he said, they have shot four seasons of shows already, a year more than Nickelodeon's standard three-year production for successful pre-school shows. There may be some specials. And they know the show will inspire generations of pre-schoolers to come through syndication.
^ Jump up to: a b Brown, Carolyn (February 1996). "The Promise Of Programming". Earl G. Graves, Ltd. Black Enterprise. p. 172. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Managan, Jenifer (April 25, 1996). "Gullah-baloo Preschoolers And Their Moms Are Crazy For `Gullah Gullah Island'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 7 June 2014. Ron and Natalie live in a Buford County, S.C., a Gullah community, with their two children Simeon, 2, and Sara, 5, who also are cast members of "Gullah Gullah Island."The recipient of two Parents' Choice Awards, "Gullah Gullah Island" is more than just playful entertainment for preschoolers. The series revolves around an African-American family--the first in preschool television--and it celebrates the real-life culture and language of Gullah, descendants of formerly enslaved Africans on the Sea Islands off South Carolina and Georgia. Ron, who grew up on St. Helena Island as a native Gullah, wrote a book titled "Reminiscences of Sea Island Heritage" that included a collection of islander memoirs and spirituals. He and Natalie toured the country performing original productions of songs and stories depicting Gullah legends and lore, which eventually spawned the TV series. "We were apprehensive about naming it `Gullah Gullah Island,' " Ron said. "We wanted to make sure the portrayal was positive and didn't in any way poke fun at the culture or the community.
^ Jump up to: a b c Managan, Jennifer (October 19, 1994). "Think For Yourself New Nick Shows Stress Reasoning Over Memorization". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 7 June 2014. "Gullah Gullah Island." The shows are part of a reported $30 million initiative to expand Nick Jr., the cable network's preschool block (8 a.m. to 1 p.m.) weekdays and to promote "flexible thinking," an approach the network says encourages kids to think on their own when making choices rather than using rote memorization.
Jump up ^ Hendry, Erica (March 2011). "Holding on to Gullah Culture A Smithsonian curator visits a Georgia island to find stories of a shrinking community that has clung to its African traditions". Smithsonian.org. Smithsonian Magazine. Bailey drove Amos around the island in a boxy utility van, pointing out houses and fields and slipping into island dialect: binya is a native islander, comya is a visitor. r Missing or empty |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b c On TV (July 7, 1996). "Polliwog Helps Bring Gullah Culture To Life". Sun Sentinel. Retrieved 8 June 2014. Gullah Gullah Island, the first preschool show centered on a black family, is the network's top-rated live action preschool show with an estimated 767,000 children between ages 2 and 5 watching daily.The Daises live in nearby Beaufort with their children, 6-year-old Sara and 3-year-old Simeon, who are both in the cast. The show's rising popularity has forced them to get an unlisted number, but fans and their parents still seem to find their way to the Daises' doorstep. Since last fall, the network has licensed a series of children's books, videos, CDs and cassettes. The first of the Binyah Binyah Polliwog plush animals hit the stores in April. The children in the cast are consulted about the dancing and dialogue in the show. "We use `kiddieography' instead of choreography," said choreographer Ken Grant as he watched Vinson take another angle on the beach. The cast, which includes three child actors in addition to the Daises' two children, tapes exteriors for about three weeks each year near Beaufort. The interior scenes are shot at the Nickelodeon studios in Orlando.
Jump up ^ "Nick Kids Random Facts". NickKids.net. Retrieved 7 June 2014. Random fact: the house on Gullah Gullah Island and the house on Clarissa Explains It All were the same house.
Jump up ^ Suhay, Lisa (October 2, 2013). "Real-life 'Gullah Gullah Island' in danger The real life residents of former Nickelodeon television series, 'Gullah Gullah Island' are in danger of losing their island to developers, presenting a rare opportunity for families to connect childhood memories with current events". Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 7 June 2014. Granted, the Gullah Gullah Island show is long gone, having run from 1994-1997, but the lessons it taught our kids on healthy eating, telling the truth, and problem solving are worth revisiting today. We can use this news item as an opportunity to talk to our kids about problem solving and how the real life residents on this island may need help solving this problem. Reading the news I realized that every day the news gives us a chance to work a "flash challenge" with our kids. It's worth saving and by extension so is this real world Gullah Island community. Granted, the Nickelodeon show was filmed on the more touristy Fripp Island, Ga., but the cultural base for the show was all Sapelo.
Jump up ^ Amazon DVD. "Gullah Gullah Island, Charleston Market". Amazon.com. Amazon.com. Retrieved 7 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Duckett, Jody (August 2, 1998). "Imaginations Can Visit `Gullah Gullah Island'". The Morning Call. Retrieved 7 June 2014. The tour brings Ron and Natalie and their huge yellow pre-school frog friend, Binyah Binyah Pollywog, directly to fans of "Gullah Gullah Island." (For the uninitiated, the program teaches about helping people and enjoying life while it celebrates the rich cultural and linguistic heritage of the Gullah people, originally West African slaves whose descendants still live in the coastal areas of South Carolina and Georgia.) There will be familiar songs and stories and children will be encouraged to participate. But Ron doesn't want to say too much about the theme of the low-tech touring show. "It's to encourage the children to use their imaginations to pretend," is all he will say. "I'd like it to be a surprise for the audience." A big difference between the television show and the touring show is there's a lot less dialogue without the presence of the show's close-knit "family" of three children and relatives and friends. The Daises' own children, Simeon, 4, and Sara, 7, both act on the television show. The touring show started as a 30-minute live gig at bookstores and malls. It was called "Nick Jr. Story and Song Play Along." The crowds were so large that in January, Nickelodeon launched an 1-1/2-hour show for larger venues. Going on the road was old hat for Ron and Natalie, who, before "Gullah Gullah Island," traveled the country for a decade performing "Sea Island Montage," a two-person show featuring the songs and stories of the Gullah people. They also have toured extensively to promote their independently produced books and records, including Ron's children's book "Little Muddy Waters: A Gullah Folk Tale" and the recently released recording "Sleep Tight: Lullabies & Night-Night Stories." Ron said that he and Natalie aren't terribly disappointed they won't be making any more "Gullah Gullah Island" shows. After all, he said, they have shot four seasons of shows already, a year more than Nickelodeon's standard three-year production for successful pre-school shows. There may be some specials. And they know the show will inspire generations of pre-schoolers to come through syndication.
^ Jump up to: a b Smith, Bruce (AP Writer) (June 6, 1996). "GaGa over Gullah". Freelance-Star. Associated Press. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Novak, Tom (September 5, 2013). "BCC brings creators of '90s nostalgia heavy kids' show 'Gullah Gullah Island' to Fowler". Purdue University. Retrieved 8 June 2014. Some may be a little too young to remember, but many students won't be able to forget the vividly colored sets, infectious sing-alongs, unique character accents and quirky humor that defined the show and introduced millions of children to an overlooked but centuries-old branch of African American culture. The Gullah culture exists on the rice plantation islands of South Carolina and southern Georgia, where slaves from Sierra Leone were taken to work at because of their knowledge of rice farming. Because bridges were not built to these islands until the mid 20th century, their culture remained isolated and free to develop on its own. It is one of the most well-preserved African American cultures, even with its own language, a mixture of English and West African dialects – much like Creole is to French. Just as the TV show was based upon a model of "call-and-response" taken from Gullah culture,
Jump up ^ "Polliwog Helps Bring Gullah Culture To Life". Sun Sentinel. Features. July 7, 1996. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Gullah, Gullah Island (1994–1998) Awards". IMDB. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Parent's Choice http://www.parents-choice.org/product.cfm?product_id=4773&StepNum=1&award=aw. Retrieved 8 June 2014. Missing or empty |title= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "NAACP Awards & Winners". NAACP IMAGE AWARDS. Retrieved 8 June 2014.
Jump up ^ http://awardsandwinners.com/category/daytime-emmy-award/1997/#sthash.7zWUpWv5.dpuf. Missing or empty |title= (help); External link in |website= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Binyah's Surprise". Amazon.com. November 5, 1997. Retrieved 7 June 2014. ASIN: 6304328613
Jump up ^ "Gullah Gullah Island: Play Along With Binyah and Friends". Amazon.com. November 5, 1997. Retrieved 7 June 2014. ASIN: 630432863X
Jump up ^ "Gullah Gullah Island - Dance Along with the Daise Family". Amazon.com. November 5, 1997. Retrieved 7 June 2014. ASIN: 6304328583
Jump up ^ "Gullah Gullah Island Christmas". Amazon.com. Paramount. September 8, 1998. Retrieved 7 June 2014. ASIN: 630507206X
Jump up ^ "Gullah, Gullah Island DVD news: Announcement for Gullah, Gullah Island". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved 2013-02-06.
Jump up ^ http://www.lyonpuppets.com/binyah.html
Jump up ^ http://www.seanaltman.com/sean97b.shtml
Jump up ^ http://articles.courant.com/1998-02-22/news/9802210141_1_gullah-gullah-island-puerto-rico-perez-family/5
External links[edit]
Nickelodeon portal
Animation portal
African American portal
Television portal
Gullah, Gullah Island on IMDb
Gullah, Gullah Island at TV.com
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