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Santoshpur, Kolkata
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Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta) in Kolkata, West Bengal, India
Santoshpur
Neighbourhood in Kolkata (Calcutta)
Santoshpur
Country
India
State
West Bengal
City
Kolkata
KMC Ward
103
Railway station
Jadavpur
Parliamentary constituency
Jadavpur
Assembly constituency
Jadavpur
Elevation
36 ft (11 m)
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
PIN
700075
Area code(s)
+91 33 2416
Santoshpur is a neighbourhood in the southern part of Kolkata, India and yet a less developed place than Garia. It is loosely bounded by Garfa to the north, the Eastern Metropolitan Bypass to the east, Jadavpur to the west and Bagha Jatin to the south.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Rise of Santoshpur
1.1 From the fifties
1.2 Rapid development
1.3 Apartments and high rises
2 Connectivity
3 References
Rise of Santoshpur[edit]
From the fifties[edit]
This area was initially part of Jadavpur. The area was mainly shallow marshy lands and agricultural fields even as late as the seventies. Some houses were built in the fifties and sixties mostly on the eastern side of the Jadavpur Rail Station. Residents mostly East Bengali refugees[2] walked to the station or to the Jadavpur Bus Stand to board Bus Routes 8B or 9. The seventies saw an uptick in the number of houses constructed and spread more to the east. It was common sight at this time to see agricultural fields, small dairy operations and residential houses coexist on the same street. The new residents would pitch in their money and arrange for truckloads of dirt to be dumped on the road to make them passable during the monsoon season.
Rapid development[edit]
Santoshpur started to grow faster and faster. Vacant plots were filling up fast. Agricultural lands were becoming scarce and could be found only on the other side of the Panchannagram canal (popularly called "khaal"). The cheaper land costs and proximity to the city proved to be an irresistible attraction for middle-class Bengalis. Government employees, bank employees, school teachers, college professors, and small businessmen started flocking to this new area. In the meantime, the area which were under Panchayats and saw little organized development morphed into the Jadavpur Municipality. The headquarters were established in the "Battala Bazaar" area – which became the heart of the new area. A new permanent market was planned a few hundred meters east of the street-side market. With the incorporation of the municipality in Kolkata Municipal Corporation as part of Borough 11 & 12, Santoshpur was poised for a quantum leap.
The opening of the southern stretches of the Eastern Metropolitan Bypass provided the residents with the option to commute via either Jadavpur or the Eastern Metropolitan Bypass. With the advent of rapid urbanization, in terms of large-scale real estate constructions, Santoshpur has seen a quantum leap in its quality of life from the late 90s; now, shopping malls and latest food chains not only make life trendy and smart, but also the complement the towering apartments in the vicinity. With the explosive population growth, traffic snarls became very common in and around Santoshpur; from the crossing at Ajoynagar to the Jadavpur railway crossing, thousands of people throng these roads, which, few years back, wore a rather deserted look. A railway overbridge, named "Sukanta Setu" over Jadavpur Railway Station connects Santoshpur Avenue with Raja Subodh Mullick Road, about half a kilometer to the south of the Jadavpur Bus Stand; construction of which was completed in record time. With travel time falling dramatically and new bus routes being introduced, Santoshpur became a sought after place to live for the Bengali middle-class.
Apartments and high rises[edit]
To accommodate this heavy demand, mid-rise apartment buildings started being built by real estate developers. Apartment complexes were also built in the erstwhile once-upon-a-time marshy lands by the Eastern Metropolitan Bypass. With uber-cool high rise communities namely, 'Udayan', 'Hiland Park, 'Calcutta Greens', Santoshpur has been becoming more cosmopolitan. It is well known for its proximity to Metropolis mall, Jadavpur University, Jadavpur Railway station, E.M. Bypass. Kabi Subhash metro station is only 5 mins auto ride from Santoshpur and through the main road you can get state bus, mini bus, Volvo, auto and all forms of public transport available in Kolkata.
Connectivity[edit]
The area is connected with Sealdah South lines through Jadavpur railway station in north and Baghajatin railway Station in South and New Garia Station-Kavi Subhash Metro & New Garia EMU railway stattion in south east. also New Garia(Kavi Subhash-Airport)metro route serves the Santoshpur area. apart from that , the bus services would serves in for different destinations likes of- EcoSpace-Sapoorji-Eco Park,Newtown, Sector -5(Saltlake), Saltlake Karunamoyee,Behala,Thakurpukur,Joka,Howrah,Sealdah & Airport. Bus services are as follows:-
WBTC(AC):-
AC9 JADAVPUR SALTLAKE KARUNAMOYEE AC9B JADAVPUR ECO SPACE-ECO PARK-SAPOORJI AC37BGARIA AIRPORT TERMINAL MW1 SULEKHA JADAVPUR UNITECH
WBTC(NON AC):-
S9 JADAVPUR SALTLAKE KARUNAMOYEE C41 TOLLYGUNJ BIRATI S5C NAYABAD HOWRAH STATION
PRIVATE
1A MUKUNDAPUR RAMNAGAR 1B GARIA STATION RAMNAGAR SD16 MUKUNDAPUR SIRAKOLE 37A NAYABAD HOWRAH STATION
SANTOSHPUR -BBD BAG MINI BUS(106)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Santoshpur maps
Jump up ^ Scribd article (subscription required)
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Coordinates: 22°29′38″N 88°23′28″E / 22.494°N 88.391°E / 22.494; 88.391
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Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World
Film poster
Directed by
Joseph McGrath
Produced by
Walter Shenson
Executive producer
Irwin Margulies
Written by
Charles Isaacs
Ted Key (novel)
Michael Pertwee
Starring
Jim Dale
Angela Douglas
Spike Milligan
Narrated by
Ted Key
Music by
Edwin Astley
Cinematography
Harry Waxman
Edited by
Jim Connock
Production
company
Walter Shenson Films
Distributed by
Twentieth Century Fox (UK)
Cinerama Releasing Corporation (US)
Release date
1973
Running time
88 min
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World is the title character of a British children's fantasy-adventure comedy film released in 1973 starring Jim Dale, and directed by Joseph McGrath.[1] A large supporting cast of British movie stalwarts includes Spike Milligan, Angela Douglas, Norman Rossington, Milo O'Shea, Dinsdale Landen and Victor Spinetti.[2] The production included composer Edwin Astley and cinematographer Harry Waxman.[1] The film was based on the novel The Biggest Dog in the World by Ted Key.[3]
The film starred Fernville Lord Digby in the title role. Digby was then the reigning Dulux Old English Sheepdog; the company using the breed since 1961 in their advertisements that led to the breed's popularity around the world.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Notes
4 External links
Plot[edit]
An Old English Sheepdog accidentally drinks a liquid growth formula (a form of experimental fertilizer) and expands to gigantic proportions. Two criminals steal Digby and sell him to a circus. Digby later escapes and roams across the countryside of the United Kingdom. The boy who owns Digby, as well as the scientist who worked on the growth formula, both realize that Digby is still growing and will cause enormous damage unless something is done immediately. The scientist finds out he has created a chemical that might reverse the growth formula. The British military, however, aims to solve the problem of the oversized sheepdog in their own way: by use of bombs and artillery.
Cast[edit]
Jim Dale - Jeff Eldon
Angela Douglas - Janine
Spike Milligan - Dr. Harz
John Bluthal - Jerry
Milo O'Shea - Dr. Jameson
Norman Rossington - Tom
Richard Beaumont - Billy White
Dinsdale Landen - Colonel Masters
Garfield Morgan - Rogerson
Victor Spinetti - Professor Ribart
Harry Towb - Ringmaster
Kenneth J. Warren - General Frank
Bob Todd - The Great Manzini
Molly Urquhart - Aunt Ina
Frank Thornton - Estate Agent
Victor Maddern - Dog Home Manager
Sheila Steafel - Control Operator
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Digby the Biggest Dog in the World (1973)".
Jump up ^ "Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World (1973) - Joseph McGrath - Cast and Crew - AllMovie". AllMovie.
Jump up ^ Gifford, Denis (1 April 2016). "British Film Catalogue: Two Volume Set - The Fiction Film/The Non-Fiction Film". Routledge – via Google Books.
Jump up ^ "Video: Dulux dog returns to TV screens for first time in a decade". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 19 October 2015.
External links[edit]
Digby, the Biggest Dog in the World on IMDb
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digby,_the_Biggest_Dog_in_the_World&oldid=834139686"
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Adventure comedy films
British children's adventure films
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Mycoplasma
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about a genus of bacteria. For the species causing atypical (or walking) pneumonia, see Mycoplasma pneumoniae
Not to be confused with Mycobacteria.
Mycoplasma
Mycoplasma haemofelis
Scientific classification
Domain: Bacteria
Phylum: Tenericutes
Class: Mollicutes
Order: Mycoplasmatales
Family: Mycoplasmataceae
Genus: Mycoplasma
Nowak 1929
Mycoplasmosis
Classification and external resources
Specialty
Infectious disease
ICD-10
A49.3
ICD-9-CM
041.81
[edit on Wikidata]
Mycoplasma is a genus of bacteria that lack a cell wall around their cell membrane.[1] Without a cell wall, they are unaffected by many common antibiotics such as penicillin or other beta-lactam antibiotics that target cell wall synthesis. They can be parasitic or saprotrophic. Several species are pathogenic in humans, including M. pneumoniae, which is an important cause of atypical pneumonia and other respiratory disorders, and M. genitalium, which is believed to be involved in pelvic inflammatory diseases. Mycoplasma species are the smallest bacterial cells yet discovered,[2] can survive without oxygen, and come in various shapes. For example, M. genitalium is flask-shaped (about 300 x 600 nm), while M. pneumoniae is more elongated (about 100 x 1000 nm). Hundreds of mycoplasma species infect animals.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Etymology
2 Species
3 Species that infect humans
4 Pathophysiology
5 Characteristics
5.1 Cell morphology
6 Taxonomy
7 Laboratory contaminant
8 Synthetic mycoplasma genome
9 Pathogenicity
9.1 Sexually transmitted infections
9.2 Infertility
9.3 Infant mortality
9.4 Links to cancer
9.4.1 Mycoplasma infection and host cell transformation
9.4.2 Possible intracellular mechanisms of mycoplasmal malignant transformation
9.4.3 Connections to cancer in vivo and future research
9.4.4 Types of cancer associated with Mycoplasma
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Etymology[edit]
The term mycoplasma, from the Greek μυκής, mykes (fungus) and πλάσμα, plasma (formed), was first used by Albert Bernhard Frank in 1889 to describe an altered state of plant cell cytoplasm resulting from infiltration by fungus-like microorganisms.[4] Julian Nowak later proposed the genus name Mycoplasma for certain filamentous microorganisms imagined to have both cellular and acellular stages in their lifecycles, which could explain how they were visible with a microscope, but passed through filters impermeable to bacteria.[5]
Later, the name for Mycoplasma was pleuropneumonia-like organisms (PPLO), broadly referring to organisms similar in colonial morphology and filterability to the causative agent (a mycoplasma) of contagious bovine pleuropneumonia.[6]
Species[edit]
M. adleri
M. agalactiae
M. agassizii
M. alkalesens
M. alligatoris
M. amphoriforme
M. anatis
M. anseris
M. arginini
M. arthritidis
M. auris
M. bovigenitalium
M. bovirhinis
M. bovis
M. bovoculi
M. buccale
M. buteonis
M. californicum
M. canadense
M. canis
M. capricolum
M. caviae
M. cavipharyngis
M. citelli
M. cloacale
M. coccoides
M. collis
M. columbinasale
M. columbinum
M. columborale
M. conjunctivae
M. corogypsi
M. cottewii
M. cricetuli
M. crocodyli
M. cynos
M. dispar
M. edwardii
M. elephantis
M. ellychniae
M. equigenitalium
M. equirhinis
M. falconis
M. fastidiosum
M. faucium
M. felifacium
M. feliminutum
M. feriruminatoris[7]
M. fermentans
M. flocculare
M. gallinaceum
M. gallinarum
M. gallisepticum
M. gallopavonis
M. gaeteae
M. genitalium
M. glycophilium
M. gypis
M. haemocanis
M. haemofelis
M. haemomuris
M. haemosuis
M. hominis
M. hyopneumoniae
M. hypopharyngis
M. hyorhinis
M. hyosynoviae
M. iguanae
M. imitans
M. indiense
M. iners
M. iowae
M. laboratorium
M. lacutcae
M. lagogenitalium
M. leachii
M. leonicptivi
M. leopharyngis
M. lipofaciens
M. lipophilum
M. lucivorax
M. luminosum
M. maculosum
M. melaleucae
M. meleagridis
M. microti
M. moatsii
M. mobile
M. molare
M. muscosicanis
M. muris
M. mustelae
M. mycoides
M. neophronis
M. neurolyticvum
M. opalescens
M. orale
M. ovipneumoniae
M. ovis
M. ovipneumoniae
M. oxoniensis
M. penetrans
M. phocae
M. phocicerebrale
M. phocidae
M. phocirhinis
M. pirum
M. pneumoniae
M. primatum
M. pullorum
M. pulmonis
M. putrefaciens
M. salivarium
M. simbae
M. spermatophilum
M. spumans
M. sturni
M. sualvi
M. subdolum
M. suis
M. synoviae
M. testudineum
M. testudinis
M. verecunum
M. wenyonii
M. yeatsii
Species that infect humans[edit]
Other species of Mycoplasma other than those listed below have been recovered from humans, but are assumed to have been contracted from animals. These use humans as the primary host:
M. amphoriforme
M. buccale
M. faucium
M. fermentans
M. genitalium
M. hominis
M. lipophilum
M. orale
M. penetrans
M. pirum
M. pneumoniae
M. primatum
M. salivarium
M. spermatophilum[8]
Pathophysiology[edit]
Mycoplasma species have been isolated from women with bacterial vaginosis.[3] M. genitalium is found in women with pelvic inflammatory disease.[9] In addition, infection is associated with increased risk of cervicitis, preterm birth and spontaneous abortion, and infertility.[10] Mycoplasma gentialium has developed resistance to some antibiotics.[11] Mycoplasmae are associated with fetal respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and intraventricular hemorrhage in preterm infants.[3]
Characteristics[edit]
Over 100 species have been included in the genus Mycoplasma. Microbes of the class Mollicutes, to which Mycoplasma belongs, are parasites or commensals of humans, animals, and plants. The genus Mycoplasma uses vertebrate and arthropod hosts.[12] Dietary nitrogen availability has been shown to alter codon bias and genome evolution in Mycoplasma and Phytoplasma.[13]
Cell morphology[edit]
"Due to the lack of a rigid cell wall, Mycoplasmataceae can contort into a broad range of shapes, from round to oblong. They therefore cannot be classified as rods or cocci."[14]
Taxonomy[edit]
Laboratory contaminant[edit]
Mycoplasma species are often found in research laboratories as contaminants in cell culture. Mycoplasmal cell culture contamination occurs due to contamination from individuals or contaminated cell culture medium ingredients.[15] Mycoplasma cells are physically small – less than 1 µm, so are difficult to detect with a conventional microscope.
Mycoplasmae may induce cellular changes, including chromosome aberrations, changes in metabolism and cell growth. Severe Mycoplasma infections may destroy a cell line. Detection techniques include DNA probe, enzyme immunoassays, PCR, plating on sensitive agar and staining with a DNA stain including DAPI or Hoechst.
An estimated 11 to 15% of U.S. laboratory cell cultures are contaminated with mycoplasma. A Corning study showed that half of U.S. scientists did not test for Mycoplasma contamination in their cell cultures. The study also stated that, in former Czechoslovakia, 100% of cell cultures that were not routinely tested were contaminated while only 2% of those routinely tested were contaminated (study page 6). Since the U.S. contamination rate was based on a study of companies that routinely checked for Mycoplasma, the actual contamination rate may be higher. European contamination rates are higher and that of other countries are higher still (up to 80% of Japanese cell cultures).[16] About 1% of published Gene Expression Omnibus data may have been compromised.[17][18] Several antibiotic-containing formulations of antimycoplasmal reagents have been developed over the years.[19]
Synthetic mycoplasma genome[edit]
A chemically synthesized genome of a mycoplasmal cell based entirely on synthetic DNA which can self-replicate has been referred to as Mycoplasma laboratorium.[20]
Pathogenicity[edit]
The P1 antigen is the primary virulence factor of mycoplasma. P1 is a membrane associated protein that allows adhesion to epithelial cells. The P1 receptor is also expressed on erythrocytes which can lead to autoantibody agglutination from mycobacteria infection.[21] Several Mycoplasma species can cause disease, including M. pneumoniae, which is an important cause of atypical pneumonia (formerly known as "walking pneumonia"), and M. genitalium, which has been associated with pelvic inflammatory diseases. Mycoplasma infections in humans are associated with skin eruptions in 17% of cases.[22]:293
Sexually transmitted infections[edit]
Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma species are not part of the normal vaginal flora. Some Mycoplasma species are spread through sexual contact.[23]
Infertility[edit]
Some mycoplasmae have a negative effect on fertility.[23] M. hominis causes male sterility/Genitals inflammation in humans.
Infant mortality[edit]
Low birth-weight, preterm infants are susceptible to Mycoplasma infections.[8]
Links to cancer[edit]
Several species of Mycoplasma are frequently detected in different types of cancer cells.[24][25][26] These species are:
M. fermentans[24][25][26][27][28][29]
M. genitalium[30]
M. hominis[31]
M. hyorhinis[24][30][32]
M. penetrans[24][25][26][27][29]
U. urealyticum[33]
The majority of these mycoplasmae have shown a strong correlation to malignant transformation in mammalian cells in vitro.
Mycoplasma infection and host cell transformation[edit]
The presence of Mycoplasma was first reported in samples of cancer tissue in the 1960s.[26] Since then, several studies tried to find and prove the connection between Mycoplasma and cancer, as well as how the bacterium might be involved in the formation of cancer.[25] Several studies have shown that cells that are chronically infected with the bacteria go through a multistep transformation. The changes caused by chronic mycoplasmal infections occur gradually and are both morphological and genetic.[25] The first visual sign of infection is when the cells gradually shift from their normal form to sickle-shaped. They also become hyperchromatic due to an increase of DNA in the nucleus of the cells. In later stages, the cells lose the need for a solid support to grow and proliferate, as well as the normal contact-dependent inhibition cells.[26]
Possible intracellular mechanisms of mycoplasmal malignant transformation[edit]
Karyotypic changes related to mycoplasma infections
Cells infected with Mycoplasma for an extended period of time show significant chromosomal abnormalities. These include the addition of chromosomes, the loss of entire chromosomes, partial loss of chromosomes, and chromosomal translocation. All of these genetic abnormalities may contribute to the process of malignant transformation. Chromosomal translocation and extra chromosomes help create abnormally high activity of certain proto-oncogenes, which caused by these genetic abnormalities and include those encoding c-myc, HRAS,[27] and vav.[25] The activity of proto-oncogenes is not the only cellular function that is affected; tumour suppressor genes are affected by the chromosomal changes induced by mycoplasma, as well. Partial or complete loss of chromosomes causes the loss of important genes involved in the regulation of cell proliferation.[26] Two genes whose activities are markedly decreased during chronic infections with mycoplasma are the Rb and the p53 tumour suppressor genes.[25] Another possible mechanism of carcinogenesis is RAC1 activation by a small GTPase-like protein fragment of Mycoplasma.[34] A major feature that differentiates mycoplasmas from other carcinogenic pathogens is that the mycoplasmas do not cause the cellular changes by insertion of their own genetic material into the host cell.[27] The exact mechanism by which the bacterium causes the changes is not yet known.
Partial reversibility of malignant transformations
The malignant transformation induced by mycoplasmae is also different from that caused by other pathogens in that the process is reversible. The state of reversal is, however, only possible up to a certain point during the infection. The window of time when reversibility is possible varies greatly; it depends primarily on the Mycoplasma involved. In the case of M. fermentans, the transformation is reversible until around week 11 of infection and starts to become irreversible between weeks 11 and 18.[26] If the bacteria are killed using antibiotics[26] (i.e. ciprofloxacin[25] or Clarithromycin[35]) before the irreversible stage, the infected cells should return to normal.
Connections to cancer in vivo and future research[edit]
Epidemiologic, genetic, and molecular studies suggest infection and inflammation initiate certain cancers, including those of the prostate. M. genitalium and M. hyorhinis induce malignant phenotype in benign human prostate cells (BPH-1) that were not tumorigenic after 19 weeks of exposure. [30]
Types of cancer associated with Mycoplasma[edit]
Colon cancer: In a study to understand the effects of Mycoplasma contamination on the quality of cultured human colon cancer cells, a positive correlation was found between the number of M. hyorhinis cells present in the sample and the percentage of CD133-positive cells (a glycoprotein with an unknown function).[36]
Gastric cancer: Strong evidence indicates the infection of M. hyorhinis contributes to the development of cancer within the stomach and increases the likelihood of malignant cancer cell development.[37]
Lung cancer: Studies on lung cancer have supported the belief that more than a coincidental positive correlation exists between the appearance of Mycoplasma strains in patients and the infection with tumorigenesis.[38]
Prostate cancer: p37, a protein encoded for by M. hyorhinis, has been found to promote the invasiveness of prostate cancer cells. The protein also causes the growth, morphology, and the gene expression of the cells to change, causing them to become a more aggressive phenotype.[39]
Renal cancer: Patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) exhibited a significantly high amount of Mycoplasma sp. compared with the healthy control group. This suggests Mycoplasma may play a role in the development of RCC.[35]
See also[edit]
International Organization for Mycoplasmology (IOM)
Sexually transmitted disease
Vaginal flora
Vaginal infection
Vaginal disease
Vaginal health
References[edit]
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External links[edit]
Compare the size of these small bacteria to the sizes of other cells and viruses.
MedPix(r)Images Mycoplasma Pneumonia
Ureaplasma Infection: eMedicine Infectious Diseases
Antibiotics formulation for eradication of mycoplasma in cell culture media
Mycoplasma elimination and prevention in cell culture
Mycoplasma at BacDive - the Bacterial Diversity Metadatabase
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Source: Bergey's Manual (2001–2012). Alternative views: Wikispecies.
Taxon identifiers
Wd: Q210975
EoL: 83503
EPPO: 1MYPLG
GBIF: 3225939
ITIS: 957646
NCBI: 2093
NZOR: dedd2c32-4343-43f0-a9b6-14e90f1edf3b
WoRMS: 567367
Authority control
NDL: 00567392
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values: Mycoplasma bovirhinis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma bovoculi (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma buteonis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma californicum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma canadense (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma cavipharyngis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma citelli (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma cloacale (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma coccides (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma columbinasale (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma columbinum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma columborale (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma conjunctivae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma corogypsi (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma cottewii (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma cricetuli (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma crocodyli (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma edwardii (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma elephantis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma ellychniae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma equigenitalim (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma equirhinis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma falconis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma fastidiosum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma felifacium (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma feliminutum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma feriruminatoris (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma flocculare (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma gallinaceum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma gallinarum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma gallopavonis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma glycophilium (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma haemocanis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma haeosuis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma hypopharyngis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma hyosynovia (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma iguanae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma imatans (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma indiense (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma lacutcae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma lagogenitalium (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma leachii (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma leonicptivi (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma leopharyngis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma lipofaciens (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma lucivorax (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma luminosum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma maculosum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma melaleucae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma microti (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma moatsii (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma muscosicanis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma mustelae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma neophronis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma neurolyticvum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma opalescens (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma oxoniensis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma phocicerebrale (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma phocidae (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma phocirhinis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma pullorum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma pulmonis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma putrefaciens (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma sobdolum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma testudineum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma testudinis (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma verecunum (page does not exist)

values: Mycoplasma wenyonii (page does not exist)

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