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Roslyn, Washington
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City in Washington, United States
Roslyn, Washington
City
Downtown Roslyn

Location of Roslyn, Washington
Coordinates: 47°13′30″N 121°0′11″W / 47.22500°N 121.00306°W / 47.22500; -121.00306Coordinates: 47°13′30″N 121°0′11″W / 47.22500°N 121.00306°W / 47.22500; -121.00306
Country
United States
State
Washington
County
Kittitas
Area[1]
• Total
4.37 sq mi (11.32 km2)
• Land
4.37 sq mi (11.32 km2)
• Water
0 sq mi (0 km2)
Elevation
2,247 ft (685 m)
Population (2010)[2]
• Total
893
• Estimate (2015)[3]
903
• Density
204.3/sq mi (78.9/km2)
Time zone
Pacific (PST) (UTC-8)
• Summer (DST)
PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP code
98941
Area code(s)
509
FIPS code
53-60055
GNIS feature ID
1525216[4]
Website
City of Roslyn
Roslyn is a city in Kittitas County, Washington, United States. The population was 893 at the 2010 census.[5] Roslyn in located in the Cascade Mountains, about 80 miles east of Seattle.
The town was founded in 1886 as a coal mining company town. During the 20th century, the town gradually transitioned away from coal, and today its economy is primarily based on forestry and tourism. The town was the filming location for The Runner Stumbles, Northern Exposure, and The Man in the High Castle. Much of the town's history is preserved, and its downtown was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Early history
1.2 Knights of Labor Strike of 1888
1.3 Mine accident of 1892
1.4 1892 Ben E. Snipes and Co. bank robbery
1.5 Roslyn's ethnic cemeteries
1.6 Post mining era
2 Featured in media
3 Geography
4 Demographics
4.1 2010 census
4.2 2000 census
5 Points of interest in Roslyn
6 Further reading
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
Immaculate Conception Church is featured in the 1979 film The Runner Stumbles, starring Dick Van Dyke and Kathleen Quinlan.
Early history[edit]
Coal deposits were first noted in the Roslyn area in 1883, with a large vein discovered at the upper Smith Creek canyon in 1885 by C.P. Brosious, Walter J. Reed, and Ignatius A. Navarre.[6] Roslyn was platted in 1886 by Logan M. Bullet, vice president of the Northern Pacific Coal Company, at the time that the company initiated the first commercial coal mining operations there, to support railway operations.[7]
Throughout the mid-1880s, the Northern Pacific Railway, the parent of Northern Pacific Coal Company, pushed from the east to reach Puget Sound across the Cascade Mountains. The Northern Pacific began building across Stampede Pass just west of Roslyn, approaching from Wallula in the east and Tacoma in the west. A 77-mile (124-km) gap remained in 1886. In January of that year, Nelson Bennett was given a contract to construct a 9,850 foot (3,002 m) tunnel under Stampede Pass, completing it in 1888. Roslyn, which lies on the route to Stampede Pass, provided the coal for the railway construction work as well as the continuing railroad operations.
Between 1886 and 1929, immigrant workers from countries such as Italy, Poland, Slovakia, Germany, Lithuania, Slovenia, Serbia and Croatia as well as from England, Ireland, Scotland and Wales came to work in the mines. These immigrants maintained the traditions of their homelands, as seen in the historic Roslyn Cemetery, with its 26 sections for distinct ethnic and lodge cemetery areas. Many Roslyn residents today are descendants of these immigrant miners.
Roslyn's peak coal mine production of nearly 2 million tons was reached in 1910. As coal-fired steam trains were being replaced by diesel power, the mines began to shut down in the 1920s. Although the local coal mines were far from played out (approximately 80% of the coal in the Roslyn mines remains unextracted), the last mine in the area closed in 1963 as business became unprofitable. With the loss of jobs, an exodus of residents ensued. In the mid-1970s, Roslyn began to flourish again as artists and others rehabilitated the town's houses and commercial buildings and settled there. Some individuals own second homes in Roslyn, while working and living full-time in Seattle or Tacoma, for instance.
As Roslyn was a "company town", life in the early years was centered around the production of coal. Most of the citizens of the town worked either for the Northern Pacific Coal Company or in one of the smaller businesses monopolized by the company, or were family members of someone who did. A hub of life in the town was the company store, now listed on the National Register of Historic Places; it still stands at the corner of First Street and Pennsylvania Avenue.[8]
Like many 19th-century American towns and cities, where risk of fires was high, Roslyn had a major fire in 1888, which destroyed most of its commercial district. Many buildings constructed after the fire used fire-resistant brick and sandstone. Some of these historic structures are still in use, including the 1889 Brick Tavern and the circa-1890 Fischer Building.
During its days of prosperity, the Northern Pacific Coal Company built the Roslyn Athletic Club for miners and their families. It was completed in 1902 and contained a gym, meeting rooms, and a bowling alley. Roslyn's public library, which was founded in 1898, moved into the Roslyn Athletic Club building in 1918. It continues to serve the community from this location.
Most of the town's 500 homes were built in the 1920s on land owned by the railroad. The 1920s-era commercial district consisted of four square blocks, of which about one dozen buildings remain as representatives of western frontier commercial architecture. Roslyn has many examples of Victorian elegance in its surviving buildings, as well as simple miner's shacks. The town of Roslyn was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978.[9] Recently, Roslyn became a Certified Local Government. Its Historic Preservation Commission restored the Roslyn Cafe, a local landmark.
Roslyn's railroad tracks have been removed and replaced by the Coal Mines Trail which runs from Cle Elum through Roslyn to Ronald. A walk on the trail affords visitors a look at the remains of Roslyn's mines and railroad depot site. The Roslyn Museum houses an extensive collection of photos and mining memorabilia, and features an exhibit on Roslyn's unique ethnic cemeteries.
Most recently, recreation and tourism have become the chief drivers of the economy. The business community has worked to bring in more visitors through annual festivals, including the Manly Man Festival in June, the Pioneer Days Picnic, and a Coal Mining Festival associated with Coal Mining History Week each August.
Knights of Labor Strike of 1888[edit]
The Brick Tavern is the oldest continuously operating tavern in the state, and was featured prominently in Northern Exposure (1990 to 1995). Roslyn was used as the site for filming the fictitious town of Cicely, Alaska, in the hit CBS television series.
Tensions between management and labor in the Roslyn mines began spilling over in the summer of 1888, when management laid off a number of labor union workers who were petitioning for higher wages. These layoffs led to a labor strike by the Knights of Labor, which shut down the mines.
Rather than work to reconcile with the demands of the strikers, the Northwest Coal Company, which conducted mining operations at Mine No. 3, a few miles away in nearby Ronald, recruited more than 300 black laborers as strikebreakers in Virginia, North Carolina, and Kentucky and transported them via special train across the continent to Roslyn. They represented the largest increase in the African-American population of Washington territory up until that time.
Forty-eight armed guards hired by the Northwest Coal Company escorted the first unit of 50 strikebreakers to Roslyn. The recruitment of these armed forces raised the interest of Governor Eugene Semple, who was unsettled at the prospect of such a large private militia operating within his territory.
Semple was weary of vigilanteism, having just negotiated a peaceful armistice to the Salmon Wars of 1887. The Salmon Wars were a series of disputes between Washington and Oregon settlers over fishing rights to the Columbia River. The battles between vigilante fisherman and the intervention of the territory’s militia in the incident exposed the danger of private armed forces, as well as inadequacies in the territory’s own official armed forces.
The Washington militia suffered from a lack of supplies, training, and a clear chain of command. Semple struggled with the militia throughout his time as territorial governor and at times was undermined by his own officers in matters as serious as troop deployments. As the militia was not designated as the official National Guard of Washington until January 1888, the armed forces available to Semple at the time of the Roslyn strikes were still poorly trained and poorly equipped.[10]
Semple ordered Sheriff Samuel T. Packwood to investigate the situation at Roslyn and to try to find a way in which the government could lawfully disarm the guards. Packwood arrested all 48 guards, along with the black strikebreakers, on trespassing charges. Packwood used trespassing charges because of an ongoing dispute between the Northwest Coal Company and settler Alexander Ross over the ownership of the land. The matter had been contentious since coal was discovered there three years earlier.
Once the prisoners were released to stand trial, they constructed a barricade of logs and barbed wire at the site of the mines. At this point Semple ordered a portion of the Washington militia to prepare to provide assistance at Roslyn. Semple tried to have the private guards arrested as vagrants, as they had no officially recognized occupation in the territory.
Eventually, the strike was settled and the African-American strikebreakers were assimilated into the community of Roslyn. In local archives, many photographs and first-hand accounts attest to the ethnic harmony in the community in the following decades. There was minimal racial segregation.[citation needed]
The Coal Miners' Memorial in Roslyn. Note the radio station film set from the Northern Exposure television series in the background.
Mine accident of 1892[edit]
In 1892, 45 miners were killed in an explosion at Mine No. 1 near Roslyn, the deadliest mining accident in Washington history.
1892 Ben E. Snipes and Co. bank robbery[edit]
On September 24, 1892, a group of five bandits, known criminals and affiliates of Butch Cassidy, held up the Roslyn branch of the Ben Snipes Bank of Roslyn. Two of the men stood guard with the horses while the other three went inside. One of the men approached the cashier asking for what ever was in the already open vault. The other two men kept the customers in the store quiet, one of them was Dr. Lyon who would later be murdered and the case never solved. The five men road away with $5,000 or $10,000, depending on the source. It is thought that the men were expecting the coal miner's pay, $40,000 coming from Tacoma, would have been held in the bank. However, the money was sent directly to the coal company.
The sheriff and his posse soon chased after the men and into the hills of Tenanaway. In November of 1892, three men were brought into the jail and were asked to be identified by the witnesses of the robbery. Cal, Kimize, and Zachary Hale were taken in and arrested. Cal was the only one of the three men to be charged and found guilty of the crime.
A couple of months later, the Kittitas County Courts, received a very interesting letter from Utah, telling them that they had convicted the wrong man. Cal Hale was set free and the search for Tom, George, William and Fred McCarthy, as well as Ras Lewis (alias Ras Christiansen and Matt Warner). In April of 1893, a posse traveled down into Oregon looking for these bandits. George and William went with the men without a fight. Tom, Fred and Ras took off and were soon lost. Later that month the Yakima County Attorney received a letter from Rosa Lewis, Ras Lewis' wife, stating that she knew that the men had done it and she was tired of her husbands battle with the law. Soon after the Sheriff and his posse went to the cabin at the "7 U Ranch", owned by Fred Beezley, that Ras and his wife were leasing.
All five men were eventually taken into custody and tried. George and Ras attempted to break free and ran around the city of Ellensburg until the sheriff was able to detain them. There were two separate trials that would take place. This first was dismissed due to being a mistrial and the second one ending without any answers. It is rumored that the lawyer simply asked the men to tell them were the money had been stored. Court records state that they simply did not have witnesses that were able to testify.
The trials and all other fees associated with bringing justice to the county nearly bankrupted Kittitas County. Ras Lewis changed his name to Matt Warner, he was involved in a shoot out in 1895 and was arrested, serving 4 years. After that he became a Justice of the Peace and Sheriff of Price, Utah until his death in 1938.
Several of the McCartys were later killed during an attempted bank robbery in Colorado.[11]
Roslyn's ethnic cemeteries[edit]
Roslyn's historic cemetery is divided into 26 ethnic plots like the one depicted here.
The Roslyn Cemetery is composed of 26 separate but adjacent cemetery plots, reflecting the diversity of early immigrant society. It was placed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1978. Clustered on 15 acres (61,000 m2) of woods and hills above the town's main street, the land was donated by or purchased from the Northern Pacific Company by fraternal, ethnic and civic organizations for burial of their deceased members.
The Independent Order of Odd Fellows (IOOF), Knights of Pythias Lodge, Soloka Lodge, Wanapum Tribe 28, Improved Order of Redmen, Cacciatori d’Africa (literally Hunters of Africa – an Italian lodge), Croatian Fraternal Union Lodge No. 56, SNF Lodge No. 79 (Croatian), St. Barbara Lodge No. 39 (Greek Catholic), and Dr. David Starcevich Lodge No. 56 (Croatian) are among the organizations and ethnicities represented at the cemetery. At least 24 nationalities are represented among the nearly 5,000 graves.
Post mining era[edit]
Lake Cle Elum near Roslyn is a year-round recreational destination.
Although Roslyn clings to its coal mining and timber harvesting past, it has become a tourist and recreation destination. Tourism to the town received a boost when it was feature as the filming location for The Runner Stumbles and Northern Exposure. The town's proximity to Seattle makes it a popular destination for recreational travelers.
As many as 2,000 luxury homes are being developed nearby, potentially adding to the old town's population. Forests once owned and managed by Plum Creek Timber Company have been sold to two development companies, which are in the process of developing an extensive golf course community with houses and condominiums on the boundary of Roslyn. The new community is called Suncadia. As in similar small towns being transformed by large-scale capital projects and outside investment, these changes are expected to significantly improve Roslyn.[12]
Roslyn's railroad tracks have been removed and replaced by the Coal Mines Trail which runs from Cle Elum through Roslyn to Ronald. A walk on the trail affords visitors a look at the remains of Roslyn's mines and railroad depot site. The Roslyn Museum houses an extensive collection of photos and mining memorabilia, and features an exhibit on Roslyn's unique ethnic cemeteries.
Most recently, recreation and tourism have become the chief drivers of the economy. The business community has worked to bring in more visitors through annual festivals, including the Manly Man Festival in June, the Pioneer Days Picnic, and a Coal Mining Festival associated with Coal Mining History Week each August.
Featured in media[edit]
The Runner Stumbles, a 1979 film starring Dick Van Dyke and Kathleen Quinlan, was filmed in Roslyn. Numerous local residents appeared in the movie as extras. Directed and produced by Stanley Kramer, the film was released by Twentieth Century Fox. Viewers of the film who have gone to Roslyn as tourists often stop at the Immaculate Conception Church, which was featured.
Northern Exposure (1990–95), a hit CBS television series, filmed its exterior scenes for the fictional town of Cicely, Alaska, in Roslyn and the surrounding area. Featured in the opening title sequence are the Roslyn Cafe and a moose, the latter provided by Washington State University. Many local residents served as extras in the show, and some gained small parts. The Northern Exposure link is a tourist draw; many local stores use the show as a theme for their goods.
In 2009, the band Bon Iver, with singer St. Vincent, wrote and recorded the song "Roslyn", named after the Washington town.[citation needed] The song was featured on the soundtrack to The Twilight Saga's second installment, the film New Moon.
In 2014, the Amazon Studios's TV adaptation of Philip K. Dick’s novel The Man in the High Castle was filmed in Roslyn, which was represented as Canon City, Colorado in the series.[13]
Geography[edit]
Roslyn is located at 47°13′30″N 121°0′11″W / 47.22500°N 121.00306°W / 47.22500; -121.00306 (47.225091, -121.002985).[14] It is 83.0 mi (133.6 km) – about 1 hour 25 mins – east-south-east from Seattle, Washington
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 4.37 square miles (11.32 km2), all of it land.[1]
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1890 1,484 —
1900 2,786 87.7%
1910 3,126 12.2%
1920 2,673 −14.5%
1930 2,063 −22.8%
1940 1,743 −15.5%
1950 1,537 −11.8%
1960 1,283 −16.5%
1970 1,031 −19.6%
1980 938 −9.0%
1990 869 −7.4%
2000 1,017 17.0%
2010 893 −12.2%
Est. 2016 927 [15] 3.8%
U.S. Decennial Census[16]
2015 Estimate[3]
2010 census[edit]
As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 893 people, 437 households, and 224 families residing in the city. The population density was 204.3 inhabitants per square mile (78.9/km2). There were 648 housing units at an average density of 148.3 per square mile (57.3/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 95.1% White, 0.4% African American, 1.1% Native American, 0.6% Asian, 0.1% from other races, and 2.7% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.7% of the population.
There were 437 households of which 22.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 39.8% were married couples living together, 8.5% had a female householder with no husband present, 3.0% had a male householder with no wife present, and 48.7% were non-families. 39.6% of all households were made up of individuals and 13.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.04 and the average family size was 2.73.
The median age in the city was 43.2 years. 18.4% of residents were under the age of 18; 5.2% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 29.1% were from 25 to 44; 32.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.1% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 52.6% male and 47.4% female.
2000 census[edit]
As of the census of 2000, there were 1,017 people, 467 households, and 249 families residing in the city. The population density was 82.3/km² (213.0/sq mi).
There were 623 housing units at an average density of 130.5 per square mile (50.4/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 95.87% White, 0.79% African American, 1.38% Native American, 0.39% Pacific Islander, and 1.57% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.38% of the population. Identification as to ethnicity in 2000 was as follows: 17.9% were of German ancestry, 15.9% English, 10.3% Irish, 7.1% Norwegian, 6.6% American, 5.7% Croatian, 5.7% Scotch-Irish, and 5.1% Italian.
There were 467 households out of which 25.7% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 43.9% were married couples living together, 6.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 46.5% were non-families. 37.9% of all households were made up of individuals and 18.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.18 and the average family size was 2.89.
In the city, the population was spread out with 21.9% under the age of 18, 6.5% from 18 to 24, 26.9% from 25 to 44, 26.6% from 45 to 64, and 18.0% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 42 years. For every 100 females, there were 96.0 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 90.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $35,313, and the median income for a family was $45,179. Males had a median income of $32,379 versus $25,625 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,412. About 8.2% of families and 12.6% of the population were below the poverty line, including 9.1% of those under age 18 and 15.5% of those age 65 or over.
Points of interest in Roslyn[edit]
Old City Hall & Library – Badly damaged in the 2001 Nisqually earthquake, this important public building is on the National Register of Historic Places as the anchor building of the Roslyn Historic District. The City of Roslyn and the Friends of the Roslyn Library have collaborated to support its structural repair and renovation.
Roslyn Museum – Located on Pennsylvania Avenue, the museum includes an excellent display of artifacts from Roslyn's glory days as a coal mining town.
Historic Coal Mines – Visitors can go to the Roslyn municipal offices, located on the corner of Pennsylvania Avenue and First Street, for information on tours of the historic coal mines. No tours go inside the mines.
Roslyn Sunday Market – Every Sunday from June through September, this outdoor farmer's market and craft fair is located on Pennsylvania Avenue, offering a selection of local fruits, vegetables, arts, crafts and locally produced specialty items.
Immaculate Conception Church – Located on Idaho and "B" Streets overlooking Roslyn, this Roman Catholic church has a spire that is a notable landmark in the town. It was built in 1887 and continues to serve the local community with regular masses held every Sunday. The church was used for scenes in the 1979 film The Runner Stumbles.
Storefront Studio – This yearly project is a collaboration between the Roslyn Downtown Association and the University of Washington's architectural department. Each year (usually April through May), numerous students come to work with commercial, civic and community clients on real, small-scale architectural, planning, public art, and landscape projects in the town. More information is available at the Roslyn Visitor Center.
Coal Mines Trail – Originating in nearby Cle Elum, this hiking and recreational trail passes through Roslyn before ending in the town of Ronald. The trail follows the original Northern Pacific Railway line. Access is at the east end of Pennsylvania Avenue.
Coal Miners' Memorial – Located across from the current city hall, this memorial statue commemorates those individuals who lost their lives in local coal mining.
Cicely's Gift Shop- founded in 1989 by Marianne Milos Ojurovich, the store originally opened in a 9' x 11' former coal mine weight station building set in the back of an empty lot on 2nd street. In 1995 after the ending of the globally famous television show Northern Exposure, she relocated the store to its current location, the former set of Dr. Fleischmans office, which she kept as intact as possible. A must See when visiting Roslyn!
The Brick Tavern – In 1889, John Buffo and Peter Giovanni opened a tavern in this location. The tavern was rebuilt in 1898 using 45,000 bricks and took the name "The Brick". It is billed as the oldest continuously operating tavern in the state of Washington.[17] The building was used for scenes of a fictional tavern of the same name in the 1990s television series Northern Exposure.
Roslyn Cemetery – Divided into areas by lodge (Knights of Labor, Elks, IOOF, Red Men etc.) and by country of origin (Croatian, Italian, Polish, Slovak, etc.), the cemetery provides a historical perspective on Roslyn.
Ronald, Washington – Approximately 2 miles west of Roslyn, this town was built over Mine No. 3, where Southern black miners were brought in 1892 to work as strikebreakers.
Lake Cle Elum & Salmon La Sac – Lake Cle Elum is a popular year-round recreational destination for camping, hiking, cross-country skiing, snowmobiling, boating, and wilderness activities. Salmon La Sac is a natural area along the Cle Elum River used for kayak races, and it serves as an access point to the nearby wilderness and backcountry.
Further reading[edit]
John C. Shideler (1986-06-01). Coal towns in the Cascades: a centennial history of Roslyn and Cle Elum, Washington. Melior Pubns. ISBN 978-0-9616441-0-9.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 2012-01-24. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
^ Jump up to: a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2012-12-19.
^ Jump up to: a b "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Archived from the original on October 19, 2016. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Roslyn". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey.
Jump up ^ "2010 Census Redistricting Data (Public Law 94-171) Summary File". American FactFinder. United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 20 September 2012.
Jump up ^ Majors, Harry M. (1975-11-01). Exploring Washington. Van Winkle Publishing Co. pp. 89–90. ISBN 978-0-918664-00-6.
Jump up ^ Goodloe, Trevor. "Roslyn, Washington (1886-- )". BlackPast.org. Retrieved 2018-01-19.
Jump up ^ National Park Service (November 2, 2013). "National Register Information System – Northwestern Improvement Company Store (#73001881)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ National Park Service (November 2, 2013). "National Register Information System – Roslyn Historic District (#78002760)". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. Retrieved September 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Welch, Jack. "Hot Work." Columbia: The Magazine of Northwest History Winter 2013-2014: 4-10. Print.
Jump up ^ Lyman, W.D. (1919). History of the Yakima Valley, Washington, Comprising Yakima, Kittitas and Benton Counties. The S.J. Clarke Publishing Co. pp. 762–777.
Jump up ^ The Economist, Volume 379, Number 8481, pp. 30-31, 10 June 2006
Jump up ^ Muir, Pat (5 Oct 2014). "Roslyn hopes new TV show brings 15 more minutes of fame". Yakima Herald. Archived from the original on 2014-11-02. Retrieved 1 Nov 2014.
Jump up ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
Jump up ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ United States Census Bureau. "Census of Population and Housing". Retrieved July 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ The Brick Tavern claims the title of the oldest continuously operating tavern in the state of Washington, opening in 1889 and operating under a single name since 1898. According to its owners, the Bluebird Inn in Bickleton, Washington, is the state's oldest functioning tavern having first opened in 1882; however, it has operated under numerous names and has not been continuously licensed to operate since its founding.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Roslyn, Washington.
City of Roslyn
Roslyn Museum
Roslyn Public Library
Roslyn and the TV show, Northern Exposure, Curt Cass website
"Roslyn's Black History collection", Group of 84 historic photographs dating from the late 19th century to the 1960s of African-American miners, settlers and residents of the coal mining community of Roslyn, Washington, at Central Washington University.
Ellensburg History, 294 historic photographs dating from the late 19th century to the early 20th century, of Ellensburg and the other communities in Kittitas County, including Roslyn, at Central Washington University.
"Roslyn Heritage", collection of historic photos and lectures, Roslyn Public Library.
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Navasota River
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Navasota River
Texas
The Navasota as it separates Leon and Robertson counties in east Texas
Country
United States
State
Texas
Source confluence
- location 3.5 miles NNW of Mount Calm, Hill County, Texas
- elevation 196 m (643 ft)
- coordinates 31°48′24″N 96°52′00″W / 31.80667°N 96.86667°W / 31.80667; -96.86667 [1]
Mouth
at its confluence with the Brazos River.
- location where Brazos County, Texas, Grimes County, Texas, and Washington County, Texas converge.
- elevation 44 m (144 ft)
- coordinates 30°19′54″N 96°09′15″W / 30.33167°N 96.15417°W / 30.33167; -96.15417Coordinates: 30°19′54″N 96°09′15″W / 30.33167°N 96.15417°W / 30.33167; -96.15417 [1]
Length
201 km (125 mi)
Brazos River Watershed
Website: Handbook of Texas: Brazos River
The Navasota River is a river in east Texas, USA. It is about 125 miles (201 km) long, beginning near Mount Calm [2] and flowing south into the Brazos River at a point where Brazos, Grimes, and Washington counties converge.[3]
Contents
1 Name
2 Lakes
3 See also
4 Notes
5 References
Name[edit]
The river has been known by several names. The indigenous people called it the Nabasoto, Domingo Terán de los Ríos called it San Cypriano, Fray Isidro Félix de Espinosa called it the San Buenaventura, and in 1727, Pedro de Rivera y Villalón named it the Navasota.[2]
Lakes[edit]
The Navasota River is dammed to form several lakes, including Lake Mexia, Springfield Lake, Joe Echols Lake, Lake Groesbeck, Lake Limestone, Martin Lake, and Lake Fort Parker in Fort Parker State Park.[2]
See also[edit]
List of rivers of Texas
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Navasota River
^ Jump up to: a b c NAVASOTA RIVER, from Hand Book of Texas Online
Jump up ^ Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Third Edition, p. 794
References[edit]
Merriam-Webster's Geographical Dictionary, Third Edition. Springfield, Massachusetts: Merriam-Webster Incorporated, 1997.

This article related to a river in Texas is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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Categories:
Rivers of Texas
Brazos River
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Bodies of water of Grimes County, Texas
Bodies of water of Washington County, Texas
Bodies of water of Madison County, Texas
Bodies of water of Hill County, Texas
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1992 United States men's Olympic basketball team
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 19 October 2017.
Jump to: navigation, search
The 1992 United States men's Olympic basketball team, nicknamed the "Dream Team", was the first American Olympic team to feature active NBA players. The team is described by American journalists as the greatest sports team ever assembled.[1][2] The Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame called the team "the greatest collection of basketball talent on the planet".[3] At the 1992 Summer Olympics held in Barcelona, the team defeated its opponents by an average of 44 points en route to the gold medal against Croatia.[4] Chuck Daly served as coach, assisted by Lenny Wilkens, P. J. Carlesimo, and Mike Krzyzewski.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Forming the team
1.1 Background
1.2 Selections
1.3 Isiah Thomas left off team
1.4 Laettner makes team over O'Neal
2 Success on the court
2.1 Early scrimmages
2.2 Tournament of the Americas
2.3 Olympics
3 Legacy
4 Roster
5 Tournament of the Americas results
5.1 Statistics
6 Olympics results
6.1 Statistics
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Forming the team[edit]
Background[edit]
Before the 1992 games, only amateur players were allowed to play on the men's Olympic basketball team. However, the advent of the state-sponsored "full-time amateur athlete" of the Eastern Bloc countries further eroded the ideology of the pure amateur, as it put the self-financed amateurs of the Western countries at a disadvantage. The Soviet Union entered teams of athletes who were all nominally students, soldiers, or working in a profession, but many of whom were in reality paid by the state to train on a full-time basis.[6] At the 1988 Summer Olympics in Seoul, the United States national basketball team, made up of college stars, finished in third place.[7] The defeat increased calls for professionals to be allowed to play in the Olympics. Borislav Stanković of FIBA advocated for this for years.[8]
Selections[edit]
Utah Jazz teammates Karl Malone (top) and John Stockton (bottom) were chosen due to their strong on-court chemistry and individual prowess.
In 1989 FIBA modified its rules allowing professional athletes, such as NBA players, to compete internationally.[9] FIBA agreed in April 1989 to allow professionals to play in the Olympics, despite Soviet votes against the proposal.[10] USA Basketball asked the NBA to supply players for its 1992 roster;[11] the league was initially unenthusiastic, not foreseeing the cultural phenomenon that the team would become.[10] Sports Illustrated was the first to nickname the forthcoming American roster as the "Dream Team", on the cover of its February 18, 1991, issue.[8][11] So many corporate sponsors wished to use the team to advertise their products that some[who?] were rejected.[8]
The first ten players for the team were officially selected on September 21, 1991: Michael Jordan and Scottie Pippen of the Chicago Bulls, John Stockton and Karl Malone of the Utah Jazz, Magic Johnson of the Los Angeles Lakers, Larry Bird of the Boston Celtics, Patrick Ewing of the New York Knicks, Chris Mullin of the Golden State Warriors, David Robinson of the San Antonio Spurs, and Charles Barkley of the Philadelphia 76ers.[12] Most of the players were at or near the peaks of their NBA careers.[13] Bird had back trouble, but was selected due to the team's historic nature. Robinson had played with the 1988 Olympic team, and was eager to earn a gold medal at Barcelona.[7] Johnson was retained despite his retirement from the Lakers in November 1991 due to having tested positive for HIV. His teammates expected Johnson to die from the disease, and he later described his selection for the Olympics as "almost like a life saver", evidence that he could still overcome the illness and live a productive life.[8] Ewing, Jordan, and Mullin had won gold at the 1984 games but Malone, for instance, had not made the team and had seen his non-selection in 1984 as a challenge.[10]
Clyde Drexler of the Portland Trail Blazers and Isiah Thomas of the Detroit Pistons were the candidates for the final professional roster spot.[10] Drexler was added to the team on May 12, 1992, with Christian Laettner of Duke University. As an acknowledgment to the previous amateur system, the US basketball committee decided to include one collegiate player on team, filling the final roster spot.[14][15] Laettner was the only player without any professional experience, and was chosen over Louisiana State University's Shaquille O'Neal for the final spot on the roster.[16]
Jordan refused Daly's suggestion that he serve as the public face of the team, and Bird and Johnson were selected as co-captains.[8] At the time of the 1992 Olympics, these three superstars over the previous 13 seasons represented 10 NBA championship wins, 7 NBA Finals MVPs, 8 regular season MVPs, 6 regular season top scorers and formed the popular heart of this original Dream Team.
Isiah Thomas left off team[edit]
There was speculation that Thomas was not part of the team because Michael Jordan would participate only if Thomas was not on the roster. In the book Dream Team, author Jack McCallum quotes Jordan as saying, "Rod, I don’t want to play if Isiah Thomas is on the team," to Team USA selection committee member Rod Thorn.[17] There was a widely held belief at the time that Jordan did not like Thomas because he was seen as the "ring leader" of the Detroit Pistons teams of the late 1980s and early 1990s, known as the "Bad Boys", that employed overtly physical tactics against Jordan in the NBA Playoffs that were meant to throw Jordan off of his game. Thomas is also alleged to have led a group of NBA veterans that refused to pass to Jordan in the 1985 NBA All-Star Game, in Jordan's rookie season.[citation needed] After the selection of the first ten members of the team, Magic Johnson released an official statement in support of Thomas, but years later it was discovered that his support was less than enthusiastic. In the book When the Game Was Ours, Johnson said "Isiah killed his own chances when it came to the Olympics. Nobody on that team wanted to play with him."[18]
Laettner makes team over O'Neal[edit]
Christian Laettner (pictured in 2014) was chosen to represent college athletics.
The selection of Laettner to the Olympic team over Shaquille O'Neal has increasingly become a source of controversy because of O'Neal's later accomplishments in the NBA. The selection committee considered several college players including, Harold Miner, Jimmy Jackson, Alonzo Mourning in addition to O'Neal and Laettner.[19] O'Neal was the number one pick in the 1992 NBA draft, but Laettner was by far the more accomplished college player. Laettner won consecutive National Championships on the Duke Blue Devils in 1991 and 1992, was the Naismith College Player of the Year, and hit the game winning shot in the 1992 NCAA Eastern Regional final. Although O'Neal was a two time Consensus NCAA First Team All-American (1991, 1992) his team lost in the second round of the 1992 NCAA Men's Tournament. Laettner's success in his college career is ultimately what secured his position on the team.[20]
Success on the court[edit]
Early scrimmages[edit]
To help preparation for the Olympics, a team of the best players in the NCAA was formed to scrimmage the professionals. USA Basketball selected college players whose play, it hoped, would resemble that of the Europeans the Dream Team would face. Members included the penetrating guard Bobby Hurley, all-around players Grant Hill and Penny Hardaway, outside shooter Allan Houston, and the tough Chris Webber and Eric Montross.[8] Hill and Hardaway would play for the 1996 national team, and Houston on the 2000 team.[21][22] In late June the Dream Team first met together in La Jolla, California, astounding and intimidating the collegians who watched the professionals practice. On June 24 the Dream Team lost to the all-stars 62–54, however, after underestimating the opposition.[10] Daly intentionally limited Jordan's playing time and made non-optimal substitutions; Krzyzewski later said that the head coach "threw the game" to teach the NBA players that they could be beaten. The teams played again the following day, with the Olympians winning decisively in the rematch.[23] Some of the college players visited Jordan's hotel room afterward and asked their hero for his personal items as souvenirs.[10]
Tournament of the Americas[edit]
“ I look to my right, there's Michael Jordan ... I look to my left, there's Charles Barkley or Larry Bird ... I didn't know who to throw the ball to! ”
— Magic Johnson, on his teammates[8][2]
The Dream Team made its international debut on June 28, at the Tournament of the Americas, an Olympic qualifying event in Portland, Oregon.[10] The team defeated Cuba 136–57, prompting Cuban coach Miguel Calderón Gómez to say, "You can't cover the sun with your finger."[24] Marv Albert, who announced the game, recalled that "it was as if [the Americans] were playing a high school team, or grade school team. They were so overwhelming ... a blowout after blowout".[8] The Cubans were the first of many opponents who were more interested in taking photos with the Americans than playing them.[10] The next five games were also easy victories for Team USA, which ended the tournament on July 5 with a 127–80 victory over Venezuela in the championship game to win the tournament and be one of four Americas squads to qualify for the Olympics.[25]
Olympics[edit]
The team trained for the Olympics in Monaco for six days, practicing two hours a day and playing exhibition games against other national teams. During their time away from the court, the team spent time enjoying the nude beaches, Monte Carlo's casinos,[13] and dining with royalty.[10] There was no curfew; as Coach Daly stated, "I'm not putting in a curfew because I'd have to adhere to it, and Jimmy'z [a noted Monte Carlo nightclub] doesn't open until midnight".[13]
In one training session the group divided into two teams, Blue (led by Johnson, with Barkley, Robinson, Mullin, and Laettner) and White (led by Jordan, with Malone, Ewing, Pippen, and Bird). Drexler and Stockton did not play because of injuries. Daly told the teams to play "All you got now. All you got." White won, 40 to 36, in what Jordan recalled as "the best game I was ever in" and Sports Illustrated later called "the Greatest Game Nobody Ever Saw".[13]
“ This is my security. ”
— Barkley, holding up his fists[10]
At the Olympics, the Dream Team stayed at a luxury Barcelona hotel instead of the Olympic Village due to security concerns.[10] Fans enthusiastically greeted the Americans; they gathered outside the hotel, hoping to see their favorite players. "It was like Elvis and the Beatles put together," Daly said.[26] Opposing basketball players and athletes from other sports often asked to have photographs taken with the players.[27][13] Barkley recalled, however, that the team received death threats:
In our hotel, you had to have a picture ID to get in there, and we went to the pool on the roof of the hotel, there was like 10 guys standing around with Uzis. So it was kind of funny, it was like: Girl in bikini; dude with an Uzi; girl in bikini; guy with Uzi. People thought we didn't want to stay in the Olympic Village because we wanted to be big shots, but it was because we were getting death threats. They had told us this would be considered great by one of these terrorist groups if they could take out the Dream Team.[28]
Barkley walked around the city alone despite the threats. When asked where his bodyguards were, he held up his fists and answered, "This is my security."[10] McCallum later described Barkley as "the number one U.S. Olympic ambassador" for his visits to La Rambla, where he met with adoring crowds.[8]
Charles Barkley proved controversial due to his aggressive gameplay and trash talking. He ended up being the highest-scoring member of the team.
Jordan was the only player who studied the opposition, carefully watching game tapes.[10] He and the other Americans enjoyed the opportunity to get to know each other in a casual setting, often playing cards all night and, for Jordan, playing several rounds of golf daily with little rest.[8] Opposing teams were nonetheless overwhelmed by the talent of the American roster, losing by an average of 43.8 points per game. The Dream Team was the first to score more than 100 points in every game. Its 117.3 average was more than 15 points more than the 1960 US team.[29] Johnson later recalled, "I look to my right, there's Michael Jordan ... I look to my left, there's Charles Barkley or Larry Bird ... I didn't know who to throw the ball to!"[8][2] Herlander Coimbra of Angola, the Dream Team's first opponent, recalled that "those guys were on another level—a galaxy far, far away".[10]
During the team's first Olympic game against Angola, Barkley elbowed Coimbra in the chest and was unapologetic after the game, claiming he was hit first. Barkley was called for an intentional foul on the play. Coimbra's resulting free throw was the only point scored by Angola during a 46–1 run by the US.[30] Although this incident had no bearing on the final result (U.S. win 116–48), at the time there was a concern about the image of America to the rest of the world. After the game, Jordan said, "There just wasn't any place for it. We were dominating the game. It created mixed feelings, it caused a mixed reaction about the U.S. There's already some negative feelings about us." Even though this was the only incident of the game, it changed the narrative; instead of the Americans being viewed as a highly skilled team beating an underdog, some viewed them as bullies.[31][32] Marv Albert believed that the Americans used the Angola game to warn the other teams in the tournament.[8]
Daly started Jordan in every game, and Johnson started in five of the six games he played, missing two games because of knee problems.[33] Pippen, Mullin, Robinson, Ewing, Malone, and Barkley rotated in the other starting spots.[10] Barkley was the Dream Team's leading scorer during the Olympics, averaging 18.0 points per game,[28] although the player selection committee had been unsure of his inclusion, worried that he would not represent the United States well.[10]
The closest of the eight matches was Team USA's 117–85 victory over Croatia in the gold medal game. Croatia,[34] participating as an independent nation in the Olympics for the first time since its separation from the former Yugoslavia, briefly led the Dream Team by a score of 25–23 in the first half.[29] By the end of the game the US had pulled away and Stockton agreed to a Croatian player's plea not to shoot.[35] Pippen and Jordan aggressively sought the opportunity to guard Toni Kukoč of Croatia. He had just signed a contract with the Bulls for more money than Pippen, who believed that the team's negotiation with the Croatian had delayed his own contract. Tiring of hearing about Kukoč's talent, Pippen and Jordan agreed to, as Jordan later said, "not ... let this guy do anything against us." He told Johnson before the first Croatia game "I'm serious tonight", causing Johnson to reply "Uh oh." McCallum described the two Bulls as "rabid dogs" against the inexperienced Croatian.[10][8] Croatia had lost to the Dream Team 103–70 in their first game. The only team besides Croatia to hold the margin under 40 points was Puerto Rico, which lost 115–77 in the quarterfinals.
Legacy[edit]
Mike Krzyzewski returned to coach United States men's basketball several times after the 1992 Olympics.
Sports Illustrated later stated that the Dream Team was "arguably the most dominant squad ever assembled in any sport" and compared it to "Johnny Cash at Folsom Prison, the Allman Brothers at the Fillmore East, Santana at Woodstock."[13] The team was elected to the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame in 2010.[36] Barkley later said, "I don't think there's anything better to representing your country. I don't think anything in my life can come close to that." Bird called the medal ceremony and the playing of The Star-Spangled Banner "the ultimate experience." Johnson said, "The 92 Dream Team was the greatest moment of my life in terms of basketball, bar none." Jordan said that the biggest benefit for him from the Olympics was that he learned more about his teammates' weaknesses. He later defeated Barkley, Malone, and Stockton in three NBA finals.[8] As of 2014, 11 of the 12 players on the roster (all except Laettner)[37] and three of the four coaches (all except Carlesimo) have been elected to the Hall of Fame as individuals.
Global interest in basketball soared due to the Dream Team.[8] International Olympic Committee head Juan Antonio Samaranch stated that "the most important aspect of the [Barcelona] Games has been the resounding success of the basketball tournament, as we've witnessed the best basketball in the world."[35] Subsequently, the number of international players in the NBA rose. On opening day of the 1991–92 season, NBA rosters included 23 international players from 18 countries. At the start of the 2011–12 season, there were 74 players from 35 countries.[38]
Kobe Bryant and LeBron James said they believed their 2012 Olympic team would win against the Dream Team. Bryant said, "[T]hey were a lot older, at kind of the end of their careers. We have just a bunch of young racehorses, guys that are eager to compete."[39][40] Barkley said that he "just started laughing" upon hearing Bryant's comment and that the Dream Team would win by double digits.[39] Jordan added, "For [Bryant] to compare those two teams is not one of the smarter things he ever could have done... Remember now, they learned from us. We didn't learn from them."[41][42] Bird joked, "They probably could. I haven't played in 20 years and we're all old now."[43]
The team was elected to the FIBA Hall of Fame in 2017.[44]
Roster[edit]
USA Basketball Men's National Team roster
Players
Coaches
Pos.
#
Name
Age
Height
Weight
From
PF 4 Laettner, Christian 22 6 ft 11 in (2.11 m) 235 lb (107 kg) Duke Blue Devils
C 5 Robinson, David 26 7 ft 1 in (2.16 m) 235 lb (107 kg) San Antonio Spurs
C 6 Ewing, Patrick 29 7 ft 0 in (2.13 m) 240 lb (110 kg) New York Knicks
SF 7 Bird, Larry 35 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 220 lb (100 kg) Boston Celtics
SF 8 Pippen, Scottie 26 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 210 lb (95 kg) Chicago Bulls
SG 9 Jordan, Michael 29 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 198 lb (90 kg) Chicago Bulls
SG 10 Drexler, Clyde 30 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 222 lb (101 kg) Portland Trail Blazers
PF 11 Malone, Karl 28 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 256 lb (116 kg) Utah Jazz
PG 12 Stockton, John 30 6 ft 1 in (1.85 m) 175 lb (79 kg) Utah Jazz
SF 13 Mullin, Chris 28 6 ft 7 in (2.01 m) 215 lb (98 kg) Golden State Warriors
PF 14 Barkley, Charles 29 6 ft 6 in (1.98 m) 250 lb (110 kg) Phoenix Suns
PG 15 Johnson, Magic 32 6 ft 9 in (2.06 m) 220 lb (100 kg) Retired [45]
Head coach
Chuck Daly
Assistant coach(es)
Mike Krzyzewski
Lenny Wilkens
P. J. Carlesimo
Legend
From describes teams affiliated
during the Olympics
Tournament of the Americas results[edit]
Game
Date
USA Points
Opponent
Points
Opponent
Point
differential
1 June 28, 1992 136 57 Cuba 79
2 June 29, 1992 105 61 Canada 44
3 June 30, 1992 112 52 Panama 60
4 July 1, 1992 128 87 Argentina 41
5 July 3, 1992 119 81 Puerto Rico 38
6 July 5, 1992 127 80 Venezuela
(Gold medal game) 47
Source:[46]
Statistics[edit]
Player
GP
FGM
FGA
FG%
3PM
3PA
3P%
FTM
FTA
FT%
REB/AVG
PTS/AVG
AST
BLK
STL
Barkley, CharlesCharles Barkley 6 34 58 .586 2 5 .400 28 33 .848 40/6.7 98/16.3 10 1 12
Bird, LarryLarry Bird 2 8 11 .727 3 4 .750 0 0 .000 7/3.5 19/9.5 2 0 3
Drexler, ClydeClyde Drexler 5 27 39 .692 5 11 .455 10 12 .833 13/2.6 69/13.8 33 2 5
Ewing, PatrickPatrick Ewing 5 27 43 .628 0 0 .000 5 8 .625 26/5.2 59/11.8 2 10 6
Johnson, MagicMagic Johnson 6 19 34 .559 3 9 .333 17 20 .850 25/4.2 58/9.7 54 0 7
Jordan, MichaelMichael Jordan 6 29 53 .547 9 23 .391 9 12 .750 23/3.8 76/12.7 30 5 11
Laettner, ChristianChristian Laettner 6 18 31 .581 3 7 .429 5 8 .625 16/2.7 44/7.3 2 0 3
Malone, KarlKarl Malone 6 33 53 .623 0 0 .000 23 39 .590 35/5.8 89/14.8 9 4 5
Mullin, ChrisChris Mullin 6 31 49 .633 15 30 .500 9 14 .643 18/3.0 86/14.3 14 1 9
Pippen, ScottieScottie Pippen 6 20 30 .667 2 6 .333 6 9 .667 26/4.3 48/8.0 37 2 8
Robinson, DavidDavid Robinson 6 32 42 .762 0 0 .000 7 13 .538 32/5.3 71/11.8 5 11 5
Stockton, JohnJohn Stockton 2 5 6 .833 0 1 .000 0 0 .000 1/0.5 10/5.0 12 0 1
[47]
Olympics results[edit]
Game
USA
Points
Opponent
Points
Opponent
Point
differential
1 116 48 Angola 68
2 103 70 Croatia 33
3 111 68 Germany 43
4 127 83 Brazil 44
5 122 81 Spain 41
6 115 77 Puerto Rico 38
7 127 76 Lithuania 51
8 117 85 Croatia
(Gold medal match) 32
Source:[5]
Statistics[edit]
Player
GP
GS
FGM
FGA
FG%
3PM
3PA
3P%
FTM
FTA
FT%
PPG
RPG
APG
Barkley, CharlesCharles Barkley 8 4 59 83 .711 7 8 .875 19 26 .731 18.0 4.1 2.4
Bird, LarryLarry Bird 8 3 25 48 .521 9 27 .333 8 10 .800 8.4 3.8 1.8
Drexler, ClydeClyde Drexler 8 3 37 64 .578 6 21 .286 4 10 .400 10.5 3.0 3.6
Ewing, PatrickPatrick Ewing 8 4 33 53 .623 0 0 .000 10 16 .625 9.5 5.3 0.4
Johnson, MagicMagic Johnson 6 5 17 30 .567 6 13 .462 8 10 .800 8.0 2.3 5.5
Jordan, MichaelMichael Jordan 8 8 51 113 .451 4 19 .211 13 19 .684 14.9 2.4 4.8
Laettner, ChristianChristian Laettner 8 0 9 20 .450 2 6 .333 18 20 .900 4.8 2.5 0.4
Malone, KarlKarl Malone 8 4 40 62 .645 0 0 .000 24 32 .750 13.0 5.3 1.1
Mullin, ChrisChris Mullin 8 2 39 63 .619 14 26 .538 11 14 .786 12.9 1.6 3.6
Pippen, ScottieScottie Pippen 8 3 28 47 .596 5 13 .385 11 15 .733 9.0 2.1 5.9
Robinson, DavidDavid Robinson 8 4 27 47 .574 0 0 .000 18 26 .692 9.0 4.1 0.9
Stockton, JohnJohn Stockton 4 0 4 8 .500 1 2 .500 2 3 .667 2.8 0.3 2.0
See also[edit]
National Basketball Association portal
Olympics portal
United States men's national basketball team
Basketball at the 1992 Summer Olympics
Team USA Basketball (video game)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "This Day in Sports: The Dream Team Takes Gold in Barcelona". ESPN. August 8, 2010. Retrieved May 5, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Costas, Bob (host) (2012-07-31). 30 Greatest NBC Olympic Moments. NBC.
Jump up ^ "1992 United States Olympic Team". Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame. CBS Interactive. Archived from the original on August 18, 2010. Retrieved August 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ The Original Dream Team. nba.com. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b Games of the XXVth Olympiad – 1992 Archived July 18, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.. usabasketball.com. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Benjamin, Daniel (1992-07-27). "Traditions Pro Vs. Amateur". Time. Retrieved 2009-03-18.
^ Jump up to: a b Tim Povtak. "Robinson is riveted on gold". Orlando Sentinel. June 30, 1992. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o "Dream Team". XXX Summer Olympics. 2012-08-10. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Inside USA Basketball" (PDF). USAB Archive. USAB. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Whitaker, Lang (July 2012). "The Dream Will Never Die: An Oral History of the Dream Team". GQ. Retrieved June 12, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Jack McCallum. "Lords Of The Rings". Sports Illustrated. February 18, 1991. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Sam Smith. "Olympian Jordan: 'We'll kill 'em'". Chicago Tribune. September 22, 1991. 13.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f McCallum, Jack (July 2, 2012). "The Greatest Game Nobody Ever Saw". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on April 12, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Pros, college players combine". Ellensburg Daily Record. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Mccallum, Jack. "BEHIND THE INTERVIEWS: LAETTNER". Jack Mccallum. Retrieved 23 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Drexler, Laettner join Olympic team". Reading Eagle. May 13, 1992. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ McCallum, Jack. Dream Team: How Michael, Magic, Larry, Charles, and the Greatest Team of All Time Conquered the World and Changed the Game of Basketball Forever. Random House Publishing Group, 2012, Chapter 14
Jump up ^ MacMullan, Jackie; Johnson, Magic; Bird, Larry (2009). When the Game Was Ours. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt Publishing Company. p. 262.
Jump up ^ "Drexler, Laettner complete U.S. Olympic team roster". The Victoria Advocate. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
Jump up ^ McCallum, Jack. Dream Team: How Michael, Magic, Larry, Charles, and the Greatest Team of All Time Conquered the World and Changed the Game of Basketball Forever. Random House Publishing Group, 2012, Chapter 17
Jump up ^ "1996 USA Men's Olympic Games Roster Archived October 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.." usabasketball.com. Retrieved on April 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ "2000 USA Men's Olympic Games Roster Archived January 3, 2010, at the Wayback Machine.." usabasketball.com. Retrieved on April 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ Richard Sandomir. "[1]". New York Times. May 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ Tim Povtak. "Dream Team dazzles in laugher". Orlando Sentinel. June 29, 1992. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ "From Rip City to Barcelona". Associated Press. Toldeo Blade. July 6, 1992. Retrieved August 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ Alex Sachare. When Seconds Count. Sports Publishing LLC, 1999. 192. ISBN 1-58382-015-9.
Jump up ^ Bryan Burwell. At the Buzzer! Doubleday, 2001. 150. ISBN 0-385-50145-5.
^ Jump up to: a b Sheridan, Chris (August 13, 2010). "Charles Barkley relives Dream Team". ESPN.com. Archived from the original on August 18, 2010. Retrieved August 15, 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b "Nightmare is over for U.S." Reading Eagle. August 9, 1992. Retrieved August 14, 2010.
Jump up ^ Cook, Byron (July 27, 1992). "Barkley sarcastic after easy win". Toledo Blade.
Jump up ^ "Barley's elbow taints U.S. win". Bangor Daily News. July 27, 1992.
Jump up ^ Sansevere, Bob (July 25, 1992). "The Ugly American? His name is Barkley". Sun Journal.
Jump up ^ Barnard, Bill. "Knee injury knocks Magic out of Dream Team lineup against Germany." The Bulletin [Bend, Oregon], July 29, 1992. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
Jump up ^ FIBA. "USA-Croatia Box Score". FIBA Archives. 2009. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Thomsen, Ian (August 10, 1992). "The Dream Team Is Finished, but Its Legacy Will Linger". The New York Times. Retrieved August 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ 1992 Olympic champs into Hall of Fame. Associated Press. ESPN. August 3, 2010. Retrieved August 12, 2010.
Jump up ^ Levin, Josh (August 12, 2012). "What's the Difference Between the 1992 and 2012 Dream Teams? Kevin Durant and LeBron James Played Tougher Competition.". Slate. Archived from the original on August 16, 2012.
Jump up ^ Longman, Jere (July 28, 2012). "N.B.A. Looks to Wake Up From 20-Year Dream". The New York Times. Archived from the original on August 9, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Charles Barkley fires back at Kobe". ESPN.com. ESPN Internet Ventures. July 11, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ "LeBron: We would beat Dream Team". ESPN.com. July 28, 2012. Archived from the original on August 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Michael Jordan: Dream Team better". ESPN.com. ESPN Internet Ventures. July 12, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Michael Jordan: Dream Team could take down this year's team". USA Today. July 12, 2012. Retrieved July 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Larry Bird Is Also Laughing At Kobe Bryant Over His Dream Team Comments". July 12, 2012.
Jump up ^ Dream Team, Shaq and Kukoc headline 2017 Class of FIBA Hall of Fame Inductees.
Jump up ^ By the time the roster was announced, Johnson had already retired from professional basketball.
Jump up ^ "USAB: MEN'S TOURNAMENT OF THE AMERICAS -- 1992". Archived from the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "USAB: MEN'S TOURNAMENT OF THE AMERICAS -- 1992". Archived from the original on March 7, 2012. Retrieved March 4, 2012.
Further reading[edit]
McCallum, Jack (2012). How Michael, Magic, Larry, Charles, and the Greatest Team of All Time Conquered the World and Changed the Game of Basketball Forever. Random House Digital. ISBN 9780345520500. Retrieved August 22, 2012.
External links[edit]
Olympics statistics at FIBA.com
1992 Dream Team: Classic Photos
[show]
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United States Men's 1992 Olympic Dream Team
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United States men's basketball squad – 1992 Summer Olympics – Gold medal
4 Laettner
5 Robinson
6 Ewing
7 Bird
8 Pippen
9 Jordan
10 Drexler
11 Malone
12 Stockton
13 Mullin
14 Barkley
15 Johnson
Coach: Daly
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United States men's national basketball team
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USA Basketball Male Athlete of the Year
1980: Thomas
1981: Boyle
1982: Rivers
1983: Jordan
1984: Jordan & Perkins
1985: Person
1986: Robinson
1987: Manning
1988: Majerle
1989: Johnson
1990: Mourning
1991: Laettner
1992: U.S. Olympic team
1993: Finley
1994: O'Neal
1995: Allen
1996: Pippen
1997: Boykins
1998: Brand
1999: Payton
2000: Mourning
2001: Duhon
2002: Miller
2003: Duncan
2004: May & Paul
2005: Williams
2006: Anthony
2007: Kidd
2008: U.S. Olympic team
2009: McAdoo
2010: Durant
2011: Parker
2012: James
2013: Gordon
2014: Irving
2015: Brunson
2016: Anthony & Durant
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1992_United_States_men%27s_Olympic_basketball_team&oldid=806069933"
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