text:
Ahsoka Tano
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Ahsoka" redirects here. For the 2016 novel, see Star Wars: Ahsoka.
Ahsoka Tano
Star Wars character
Ahsoka in the costume introduced in the third season of The Clone Wars and used for the remainder of the show
First appearance
The Clone Wars (2008)
Created by
George Lucas
Voiced by
Ashley Eckstein
Information
Aliases
Fulcrum, Ashla
Species
Togruta
Gender
Female
Occupation
Jedi
Padawan (assigned to Anakin Skywalker)
Commander (Grand Army of the Republic)
Rebel Alliance spymaster
Affiliation
Jedi Order
Galactic Republic
Rebel Alliance
Homeworld
Shili
Ahsoka Tano is a character in the Star Wars franchise. Introduced as the Padawan apprentice of Anakin Skywalker, she is a protagonist of the 2008 animated film Star Wars: The Clone Wars and the subsequent TV series. Ahsoka reappears in Star Wars Rebels, is the main character of an eponymous novel, and is featured in other Star Wars media.
Although not initially popular, Ahsoka developed into a well-rounded, complex character who received positive popular and critical reaction. Ahsoka serves as an important foil for Anakin Skywalker, and she has been highlighted as one of the strongest female characters in the franchise.[citation needed]
Contents
[hide]
1 Creation and development
1.1 Concept
1.2 Writing
1.3 Voice acting
1.4 Appearance
2 Depiction
2.1 Film
2.1.1 The Clone Wars
2.2 Television
2.2.1 The Clone Wars (2008–14)
2.2.2 Rebels (2014–2018)
2.3 Other media
3 Critical response
4 References
5 External links
Creation and development[edit]
Concept[edit]
Ahsoka was developed to illustrate how Anakin Skywalker develops from the brash, undisciplined Padawan apprentice in Star Wars: Episode II – Attack of the Clones (2002) to the more reserved Jedi Knight in Star Wars: Episode III – Revenge of the Sith (2005).[1] Star Wars creator George Lucas, who had two daughters, also wanted the character to appeal to girls.[2] Early in development, Ahsoka's name was "Ashla".[3]
Clone Wars supervising director and writer Dave Filoni wrote a fable about Ahsoka's early childhood to help develop the character. He imagined the discovery that she has "the right stuff" to become a Jedi would be a cause for celebration in her hometown.[4] Filoni said he is protective of the Ahsoka character.[5]
Giving Anakin responsibility for a Padawan was meant to place the character in a role that forced him to become more cautious and responsible. It would also give him insight into his relationship with his own master, Obi-Wan Kenobi, and depict how their relationship matured. Ahsoka and Anakin's relationship was seen as an essential story arc spanning both the animated film and Clone Wars television series.[6]
Writing[edit]
Filoni initially struggled with writing Ahsoka because he had "zero perspective" on what it was like to be a 14-year-old girl.[7] He therefore shifted his focus and instead wrote Ahsoka primarily as a Jedi who just happens to be an adolescent female.[7] Filoni said he "has always had a story in mind" for Ahsoka's overall development.[8] He began thinking about the final confrontation between Ahsoka and Vader ever since he created Ahsoka;[9] different iterations had different endings,[10] including one in which Vader kills Ahsoka just as she slashes open his helmet to reveal Anakin's scarred face.[11]
Ashley Eckstein, who primarily voiced Ahsoka, said she and the writers were aware that audiences initially found the character annoying, and that there was a "fine line" between Ahsoka being bratty and becoming endearing.[12] Because production was a year ahead of what was broadcast, with Ahsoka developing over that time, Eckstein implored fans to be patient with the character's growth.[12]
Although Ahsoka leaves the Jedi Order at the end of The Clone Wars' fifth season, the storyline initially had her return to the Order.[13] Filoni said this would be the "normal" arc and suggested to Lucas that she instead remain expelled; Lucas agreed.[13] Lucas believed Ahsoka survived "Order 66", the command that led the Republic's clone army to murder the Jedi.[10]
The Fulcrum character introduced early in Star Wars Rebels was always understood to be Ahsoka.[14] Filoni, who serves as executive producer and co-creator of Rebels, worked with Lucas on identifying what Ahsoka would know about Anakin's fate.[10] Filoni also collaborated with executive producer Simon Kinberg and season one executive producer Greg Weisman on developing Ahsoka's role as a Rebel agent.[10]
The show's writers were excited for Ahsoka's return in the second season, and Filoni was anxious about Rebels instead becoming "The Ahsoka Tano Show".[10] Consequently, Filoni required that Ahsoka play a role in service of Rebels' main characters, Ezra and Kanan;[10][15] he saw Ahsoka's new role as similar to the one played by Obi-Wan Kenobi in Star Wars.[16] Although Ahsoka is more mature in Rebels, Filoni wanted "aspects of that kid who was there to shine through".[17] He initially envisioned Ahsoka as a more "passive player" not engaged in combat, but later decided it was more appropriate to see Ahsoka as a warrior during a turbulent time.[10] Ahsoka's presence was necessary to allow Darth Vader to encounter the show's lead characters without the latter being "destroyed"; Ahsoka can "stand toe-to-toe" with Vader.[18]
Filoni cites fans' passion for the character as one reason for Ahsoka's prominence in Clone Wars and Rebels.[8]
Voice acting[edit]
Eckstein said Filoni wanted her to bring some of her own personality into the Ahsoka character; he told her that her actions and speech between audition takes had a bigger impact on her getting the role than the actual audition.[12] Once production on The Clone Wars began, it took about six months for Eckstein and the writers to understand Ahsoka well; consequently, much of the dialogue for the first half of season one was re-recorded to better depict the character.[12] Eckstein also credits the casting of Matt Lanter as Anakin, which occurred halfway through the first season, with helping solidify the Ahsoka character.[12]
Ahsoka wears "pseudo-samurai" armor in Star Wars Rebels, and her lightsabers' lack of color indicates she is neither a Jedi nor evil.[14] Her facial markings differ from those in The Clone Wars due to her age.[16]
Eckstein reprised the role of Ahsoka for Rebels, although she did not do all of Fulcrum's voice work.[14] She learned about Ahsoka's return about a year before the first season's finale aired and said it was hard to keep it a secret.[19] Eckstein said Ahsoka developed a quiet confidence and quiet strength the younger character doesn't possess, but sometimes she played Ahsoka too seriously; she pointed out that "snippiness" and determination are still part of Ahsoka's personality.[12] Eckstein pitched her voice down a bit but, because she and Ahsoka were close in age, generally spoke like herself.[19]
Not knowing Ahsoka's experiences between The Clone Wars and Rebels at times presented challenges for Eckstein's performance.[12] Filoni avoids giving the actors plot details that might inappropriately affect their performance; for example, he did not tell Eckstein whether Ahsoka survives her duel with Darth Vader lest Eckstein telegraph something in her performance that the character would not know.[4]
Appearance[edit]
Ahsoka's design evolved over three years before her introduction in the Clone Wars film.[20] Her appearance was inspired by San in Princess Mononoke.[20] Ahsoka initially appears in what Wired called a "tube-top-and-miniskirt costume". In the third season, Ahsoka and other characters received new costumes. Filoni said the changes were meant to bring the show's aesthetic closer to Revenge of the Sith and were made possible by improved animation techniques.[21]
Ahsoka's armor in Rebels is based on a "pseudo-samurai look" influenced by photographs of samurai women.[4][14] The armor is meant to appear as if she found it in an ancient Jedi temple, and her lightsabers' colorless blades indicate she is neither a Jedi nor evil.[4][14] Filoni said the white lightsabers appear much better than he anticipated.[17] Her facial markings were changed to show that she has aged.[16] It was "new ground" for the production team to shift Ahsoka's animation style to reflect her older age.[13]
Depiction[edit]
Film[edit]
The Clone Wars[edit]
Ahsoka first appears in the Clone Wars film as a 14-year-old[22] Padawan apprentice newly assigned to Anakin Skywalker. Yoda assigns her to Anakin to teach him a greater sense of responsibility, and Anakin is initially frustrated by this decision. Their early interactions are "playfully contentious", with Anakin calling her "Snips" for her "snippy" attitude and Ahsoka calling him "Skyguy" as a pun on his surname.[22] After earning Anakin's respect on a dangerous mission, Ahsoka joins him on a quest to rescue Jabba the Hutt's infant son. Her impetuous nature both annoys and endears her to her master, and, by the end of the film, Anakin reveals a newfound affection for his apprentice.
Television[edit]
The Clone Wars (2008–14)[edit]
Ahsoka is a lead character in all five broadcast seasons of The Clone Wars. She is a commander in the Republic army and continues to learn the ways of the Jedi as Anakin's apprentice. The two develop a mutual fondness, at times taking great risks to protect or save one another. Some of Anakin's actions taken out of concern for Ahsoka expose his darker tendencies, such as his torture of prisoners who may know her location when she goes missing.[23] Ahsoka also finds mentorship from Captain Rex, a clone trooper with whom she and Anakin serve throughout the war. During the final arc of season five, Ahsoka is framed and imprisoned for a deadly explosion and a subsequent murder. Although eventually exonerated, she is frustrated with the Jedi Council[24] and leaves the Jedi Order in the season finale. Filoni said an initial finale concept for Clone Wars would have had Rex escape Order 66, and their presence elsewhere would have explained both characters' absence from Revenge of the Sith.[10]
Rebels (2014–2018)[edit]
Ahsoka is a secretive rebel agent in the first season of Star Wars Rebels, which takes place 14 years after The Clone Wars concludes.[25] Operating under the codename "Fulcrum", she provides the rebel crew of the Ghost with intelligence and supplies. Until her identity is revealed in the season finale, she disguises her appearance by using an altered voice and appearing as a hooded hologram.
She becomes a recurring character in the second season, continuing to help lead a group of rebel forces and working with the Ghost's crew. Having assumed that Anakin died like most other Jedi at the end of the Clone Wars, she is overwhelmed to recognize her mentor under "a layer of hate" in Darth Vader.[10] Later in the season, a vision of Anakin blames her for leaving him and allowing him to fall to the dark side. In the season finale, Ahsoka duels with Darth Vader inside a Sith temple on Malachor, allowing her friends from the Ghost to escape Vader and the temple's destruction. As the episode concludes, she is briefly shown walking through the temple's ruins, Filoni said Ahsoka's fate is ambiguous and "a bit open-ended" though Eckstein believes the character is still alive.[4][26][27][28]
In the fourth-season episode, "A World Between Worlds", Ahsoka's fate is finally revealed. Ezra Bridger, having ended up in the realm "between worlds and time" within the Jedi temple on Lothal and guided by Ahsoka's convor Morai, pulls her out of the moment before Vader could deliver the deathblow and thus altered her fate. Ahsoka is updated on what occurred to the Ghost crew while convincing Ezra to not prevent Kanan's fate as he would risk losing his own life. Palpatine then makes his presence known as he attempts to force Erza into bringing him into the realm, Ahsoka helping Erza escape while returning (with Morai) to her timeline moments after the Sith temple collapsed, vowing to find Ezra and the crew again. Ahsoka makes a return appearance in the epilogue of the series finale "Family Reunion - and Farewell", returning to Lothal in a white robe after the events of the Battle of Endor to join Sabine Wren in her quest to find Ezra, who disappeared during Lothal's liberation.
Other media[edit]
Filoni said he does not want Ahsoka thought of as an animated character, but rather as a Star Wars character who can exist "in all forms of media".[4] Ahsoka is a playable character in a variety of video games, and several novels feature the character. At Star Wars Celebration Europe 2016, Filoni, Eckstein, and Lucasfilm Story Group member Pablo Hidalgo held a panel about Ahsoka's "Untold Tales" that occur between The Clone Wars and Rebels. Filoni said E. K. Johnston's Star Wars: Ahsoka novel, which depicts Ahsoka's life between The Clone Wars and Rebels, makes several references to these stories.[4][29] Filoni was heavily involved in developing the novel, and cover art shared at the Celebration panel is based on a sketch he created several years previously.[4]
Ahsoka appears in the Star Wars Forces of Destiny series.[30] On Good Morning America in April 2017, Rosario Dawson expressed interest in playing the character in a live-action production.[31]
Ahsoka appears in the comic "Touching Darkness" -set in The Rebels Era.[32]
Critical response[edit]
After her introduction, some critics called Ahsoka annoying and predicted the character would die before The Clone Wars series ended because she does not appear in Revenge of the Sith.[23][33] The Los Angeles Times called Ahsoka a "carefully calculated-to-be-cute" character in The Clone Wars film.[34] Wired criticized Ahsoka's "half-naked" appearance in The Clone Wars' first two seasons, calling her third-season costume change "more appropriate".[21] Blastr said Ahsoka's initial immaturity gives the character room to grow, saying she becomes "a well-rounded and complex character in every sense".[33] Ahsoka's youth aided her in being a point-of-view character for younger viewers.[23] io9 called Ahsoka's development arc one of the best aspects of The Clone Wars, highlighting the character's role in exploring the nuances of war and the flaws of the Jedi Order.[23] According to Tech Times, Ahsoka's maturation and development mirror the show's, and the producers chose wisely in making Ahsoka the audience's "entry point" to The Clone Wars.[35] Chris Taylor called Ahsoka's decision to leave the Jedi Order "the show's most shocking cliffhanger".[2] Ashley Eckstein was nominated for the 2012 and 2013 "Best Female Lead Vocal Performance in a Television Series - Action/Drama" awards from Behind the Voice Actors.[36][37]
The Mary Sue said Ahsoka's relationship with Anakin is critical in understanding his development between Attack of the Clones and Revenge of the Sith, and the publication called Ahsoka a foil for Anakin's growth.[38] Blastr commented that Anakin's interactions with Ahsoka help show that he is a powerful Jedi and war hero. Blastr also hypothesized that Anakin's sense of failure when Ahsoka leaves the Jedi contributes to his fall to the dark side;[33] io9 posited that Anakin might have succeeded in reforming the Jedi if Ahsoka had stayed with him.[23] io9 said Ahsoka, more than Anakin, articulates moral guidance in The Clone Wars.[23]
Blastr identified Ahsoka as one of the most important characters in Star Wars, especially for young girls who, until that point, had not seen a potent female Jedi depicted on screen.[33] Erika Travis of California Baptist University said Ahsoka is "compassionate and feminine, without being overtly sexualized".[39] Peter Lee called Ahsoka a feminist icon, adding that Ahsoka is one of several characters that make The Clone Wars superior to the original and prequel trilogies in depicting strong females.[40] Lee added that Ahsoka probably shows the most growth of any female in the Star Wars canon.[40]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ TV Guide Article August 11, 2008
^ Jump up to: a b Taylor, Chris (2014). How Star Wars Conquered the Universe: The Past, Present, and Future of a Multibillion Dollar Franchise (eBook). Basic Books. pp. 377, 380. OCLC 889674238.
Jump up ^ "Legends of the Lasat Trivia Gallery". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h "Ahsoka's Untold Tales Panel | Star Wars Celebration Europe 2016". YouTube. July 15, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Day, Patrick Kevin (March 7, 2014). "'Star Wars: The Clone Wars': Dave Filoni on Ahsoka's fate, Master Yoda". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Publishing. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Minkel, JR (August 11, 2008). "When Clones Attack: Q&A with Clone Wars Director David Filoni". Scientific American. Springer Nature. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Dave Filoni Speaks at the National Center for Women & Information Technology. May 24, 2016. Event occurs at 11m, 38 s. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ashley Eckstein and Dave Filoni Interview | Star Wars Celebration Europe 2016". YouTube. July 15, 2016. Retrieved July 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ "From Apprentice to Adversary: Vader vs. Ahsoka featurette" from Star Wars Rebels season 2 Blu-ray. Preview clip including line available via http://m.ign.com/articles/2016/08/26/star-wars-rebels-blu-ray-clip-explores-the-darth-vader-vs-ahsoka-tano-duel.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Brooks, Dan (August 30, 2016). "Fates Fulfilled: Dave Filoni Reflects on Star Wars Rebels Season Two, Part 1". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ Whitbrook, James (September 14, 2016). "The Art That Inspired Ahsoka and Darth Vader's Epic Duel in Star Wars Rebels". io9.com. Univision Communications. Retrieved September 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Brooks, Dan (March 30, 2016). "From The Clone Wars to Rebels: Ashley Eckstein on Ahsoka Tano's Journey". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c Brooks, Dan (March 5, 2015). "Interview: Dave Filoni on Star Wars Rebels, Part 3". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Rebels Recon: Inside "Fire Across the Galaxy" - Star Wars Rebels". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Siegel, Lucas (February 20, 2017). "Star Wars Rebels EP Reveals Why Obi-Wan Kenobi is Making an Appearance". Comicbook. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Truitt, Brian (March 3, 2015). "A Jedi returns in 'Star Wars Rebels' finale". USA Today. Gannett Company. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Rebels Recon: Inside "The Siege of Lothal"". StarWars.com. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gross, Ed (September 30, 2016). "Star Wars: Dave Filoni talks Rebels as well as Rogue One connections". Empire Online. Bauer Consumer Media. Retrieved October 10, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Parrish, Robin (June 19, 2015). "Ahsoka Tano Returns: Ashley Eckstein Talks 'Star Wars Rebels' Season 2". Tech Times. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Baver, Kristin (April 14, 2017). "SWCO 2017: 11 things we learned from Dave Filoni and Pablo Hidalgo's "Animated Origins and Unexpected Fates" panel". starwars.com. Disney. Retrieved May 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Thill, Scott (November 16, 2010). "Jedi Cover-Up: Clone Wars' Ahsoka Gets Less-Revealing Costume". Wired. Condé Nast. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ahsoka Tano". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Davis, Lauren (December 16, 2015). "Why Ahsoka Tano Is the Best Thing to Happen to Star Wars in 20 Years". io9. Gawker Media. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Eckstein, Ashley (March 6, 2013). "E-Mails Between Master & Padawan About Ahsoka's Decision". StarWars.com. Lucasfilm. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Fowler, Matt (October 2, 2014). "Everything You Need To Know About Star Wars Rebels". IGN. Ziff Davis. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Goldman, Eric (April 30, 2016). "Star Wars Rebels: Dave Filoni on Ahsoka's Fate, Maul's Return and Much More". IGN. Ziff Davis. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Dickson, Kieran (April 8, 2016). "Star Wars Rebels: Ashley Eckstein Reveals Her Theory on Ahsoka's Fate". Outer Places. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Siegel, Lucas (January 8, 2017). "Star Wars: Ahsoka Tano Actress Ashley Eckstein Teases a Future for the Character". Comicbook. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ratcliffe, Amy (March 31, 2016). "New Star Wars Novel Featuring Ahsoka Tano Announced (Exclusive)". Nerdist. Nerdist Industries. Retrieved May 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Breznican, Anthony (April 13, 2017). "Star Wars highlights female heroes in Forces of Destiny — first look". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Wood, Matt (April 21, 2017). "Star Wars: Watch Rosario Dawson Campaign To Play Ahsoka In Live-Action". Cinema Blend. Cinema Blend. Retrieved April 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Moreci,Sevy, Michael,Phillip (2016). Star Wars:Tales From The Far,Far,Away- "Touching Darkness".
^ Jump up to: a b c d Granshaw, Lisa (March 31, 2016). "From Snips to Fulcrum: Why Ahsoka Tano is one of the most important characters ever created for Star Wars". Blastr. Comcast. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ordona, Michael (August 15, 2008). "It's a weak Jedi mind trick". Los Angeles Times.
Jump up ^ Parrish, Robin (July 31, 2015). "Why 'Rebels' And 'The Clone Wars' Are The Best Star Wars Material In 30 Years". Tech Times. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "2012 BTVA Voice Acting Awards". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "2013 BTVA Voice Acting Awards". Behind The Voice Actors. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Chen, Mike (April 4, 2016). "How Ahsoka Tano Completed the Arc of Anakin Skywalker". The Mary Sue. Dan Abrams. Retrieved May 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Travis, Erika (2013). "From Bikinis to Blasters: The Role of Gender in the Star Wars Community". In Elovaara, Mika. Fan Phenomena: Star Wars. Intellect Books. p. 52. ISBN 9781783200979. OCLC 855504258.
^ Jump up to: a b Lee, Peter W. A Galaxy Here and Now: Historical and Cultural Readings of Star Wars. McFarland & Company. pp. 64, 74. ISBN 9781476662206.
External links[edit]
Ahsoka Tano in the StarWars.com Databank
Ahsoka Tano on Wookieepedia, a Star Wars wiki
[show]
v
t
e
Fictional universe of Star Wars
Concepts
The Force
Architecture
Languages
Physics
Organizations
First Order
Galactic Empire
Galactic Republic
Jedi
New Republic
Rebel Alliance
Resistance
Sith
Characters
Admiral Ackbar
Padmé Amidala
Cassian Andor
Wedge Antilles
Cad Bane
Darth Bane
BB-8
Jar Jar Binks
C-3PO
Lando Calrissian
Chewbacca
Lieutenant Connix
Poe Dameron
Count Dooku
Jyn Erso
Boba Fett
Jango Fett
Finn (FN-2187)
Saw Gerrera
Greedo
Tag Greenley
General Grievous
HK-47
Jabba the Hutt
General Hux
Mara Jade
Kanan Jarrus
Qui-Gon Jinn
K-2SO
Maz Kanata
Kyle Katarn
Obi-Wan Kenobi
Kreia
Orson Krennic
Darth Maul
Nien Nunb
Leia Organa
Bink Otauna
Emperor Palpatine
Captain Phasma
Admiral Piett
R2-D2
Kylo Ren (Ben Solo)
Revan
Rey
Captain Rex
Bodhi Rook
Bail Organa
Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader
Luke Skywalker
Supreme Leader Snoke
Han Solo
Jacen Solo
Starkiller
Ahsoka Tano
Grand Moff Tarkin
Grand Admiral Thrawn
Rose Tico
Asajj Ventress
Watto
Wicket W. Warrick
Mace Windu
Yoda
Lists
The Clone Wars characters
Rebels characters
Legends characters
KotOR
Groups
Militaries
Clone trooper
Stormtrooper
Droid Army
Rogue Squadron
Families
Skywalker
Solo
Music Bands
Figrin D'an and the Modal Nodes
Max Rebo Band
Planets and moons
Alderaan
Bespin
Coruscant
Dagobah
Endor
Hoth
Jakku
Kashyyyk
Naboo
Tatooine
Yavin
Species
A–E
Bantha
Droid
Ewok
F–J
Hutt
K–O
P–T
Sarlacc
Tusken Raiders
U–Z
Wookiee
List of creatures
Technology
Weapons
Blaster
Death Star
Lightsaber
Terrestrial vehicles
Landspeeder
Speeder bike
Sandcrawler
Walkers
Starfighters
A-wing
B-wing
TIE fighter
X-wing
Y-wing
Spacecraft
Death Star
Millennium Falcon
Mon Calamari cruiser
Star Destroyer
Tantive IV
Other
Clone Wars
Galactic Civil War
Mos Eisley
Mos Eisley Cantina
Book
Category
Portal
[show]
v
t
e
The Clone Wars
Media
Film
Episodes
"Hostage Crisis"
"R2 Come Home/Lethal Trackdown"
"The Gathering"
Darth Maul: Son of Dathomir (2014, comic)
Dark Disciple (2016, novel)
Original characters
Cad Bane
Saw Gerrera
Captain Rex
Ahsoka Tano
[show]
v
t
e
Star Wars Rebels
Media
Episodes
A New Dawn (2014, novel)
Servants of the Empire (2014–2015, novel series)
Thrawn (2017, novel)
Characters
Kanan Jarrus
Captain Rex
Ahsoka Tano
Saw Gerrera
Grand Admiral Thrawn
Wedge Antilles
Bail Organa
Princess Leia
Lando Calrissian
C-3PO
R2-D2
Darth Maul
Yoda
Grand Moff Tarkin
Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ahsoka_Tano&oldid=834481872"
Categories:
Star Wars characters
Female characters in film
Female characters in television
Fictional aviators
Fictional characters introduced in 2008
Fictional child soldiers
Fictional commanders
Fictional outlaws
Fictional revolutionaries
Fictional spymasters
Extraterrestrial superheroes
Fictional war veterans
Fictional women soldiers and warriors
Teenage characters in film
Teenage characters in television
Fantasy television characters
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from June 2017
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Asturianu
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Español
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
Latina
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Suomi
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
15 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 5 April 2018, at 23:35.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

values:
/wiki/Anakin_Skywalker
mw-redirect
Anakin Skywalker

values:
/wiki/Shili_(Star_Wars)
mw-redirect
Shili (Star Wars)

values:
infobox
width:22em;border-spacing: 2px 5px;

values: Star Wars: The Clone Wars (2008 TV series)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Wired_(website)
mw-redirect
Wired (website)

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/889674238

values:
/wiki/Tribune_Publishing
mw-redirect
Tribune Publishing

values:
/wiki/Bauer_Consumer_Media
mw-redirect
Bauer Consumer Media

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/855504258

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars cast members

values: List of Star Wars: Knights of the Old Republic characters

values: List of Star Wars air, aquatic, and ground vehicles

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: List of Star Wars: The Clone Wars episodes

values: Hostage Crisis (Star Wars: The Clone Wars)

values: The Gathering (Star Wars: The Clone Wars)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Anakin_Skywalker/Darth_Vader
mw-redirect
Anakin Skywalker/Darth Vader

values: Category:Female characters in television

values: Category:Fictional characters introduced in 2008

values: Category:Fictional women soldiers and warriors

values: Category:Teenage characters in television

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Ahsoka_Tano
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values: Асока Тана – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: 아소카 타노 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: אסוקה טאנו – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: アソーカ・タノ – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Асока Тано – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: อาโซกา ทาโน – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: Асока Тано – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: 亞蘇卡·譚諾 – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Ahsoka_Tano rootpage-Ahsoka_Tano skin-vector action-view


text:
Institute of Company Secretaries of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Institute of Company Secretaries of India
Abbreviation
ICSI
Formation
October 4, 1968; 49 years ago (1968-10-04)
Legal status
Statutory Body under an act of Parliament of India i.e.,The Company Secretaries Act, 1980 (Act No. 56 of 1980)[citation needed]
Objective
To Regulate and Develop the Profession of Company Secretaries.
Headquarters
22, ICSI HOUSE, Lodhi Road, Institutional Area, Lodhi Colony, New Delhi 110003 , India
Region served
India
Membership
Approx. 53000+
Students
Approx. 400000+
Member's designations
ACS and FCS
Official languages
English, Hindi
President
CS Makarand lele [1]
Vice President
CS Ahlada Rao V.[2]
Secretary
CS Dinesh C. Arora[3]
Regional office
New Delhi (NIRC)
Mumbai (WIRC)
Kolkata (EIRC)
Chennai (SIRC)
Branches
69 Chapters across India[4]
Website
www.icsi.edu
The Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI) is a statutory professional body in India with the objective of promoting, regulating and developing the profession of Company Secretaries in India[5]. It is headquartered in New Delhi and has four regional offices at New Delhi, Chennai, Kolkata and Mumbai[6], and has 69 chapters around the country[7].
A person is eligible to apply for membership by passing all three levels of examinations prescribed by ICSI and completing a period of practical training[8].
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "CS Makrand Lele and CS Ahlada Rao V appointed office bearers of ICSI". Commerce Duniya.
Jump up ^ "ICSI's new President and Vice President elected". Millenium Post.
Jump up ^ "CS Dinesh takes charge as Secretary ICSI". State Times.
Jump up ^ "Indore: ICSI Golden Jubilee year gala tomorrow". Free Press Journal.
Jump up ^ "PM inaugurates Golden Jubilee Year Celebrations of ICSI". GK Today.
Jump up ^ "The Institute of Company Secretaries of India (ICSI)". Jagran Josh.
Jump up ^ "Prime Minister Narendra Modi To Inaugurate ICSI Golden Jubilee Celebrations At Vigyan Bhawan Today". NDTV.
Jump up ^ "ICSI CS Executive Programme results 2017: Results to be declared at 2:00 PM on the official website on icsi.edu". India.com.

This article about an organisation in India is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Institute_of_Company_Secretaries_of_India&oldid=823750976"
Categories:
Corporate governance in India
Professional associations based in India
Company secretaries
Indian organisation stubs
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
हिन्दी
Edit links
This page was last edited on 3 February 2018, at 04:38.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: caption

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: th

value: span

attrs: href title

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.icsi.edu

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

values:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

values: Category:Professional associations based in India

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: भारतीय कम्पनी सचिव संस्थान – Hindi

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Institute_of_Company_Secretaries_of_India rootpage-Institute_of_Company_Secretaries_of_India skin-vector action-view


text:
Digital object identifier
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the use of digital object identifiers on Wikipedia, see Wikipedia:Digital Object Identifier.
Digital object identifier
Acronym
DOI
Introduced
2000 (2000)
Managing organisation
International DOI Foundation
Example
10.1000/182
Website
doi.org
In computing, a Digital Object Identifier or DOI is a persistent identifier or handle used to uniquely identify objects, standardized by the International Organization for Standardization (ISO).[1] An implementation of the Handle System,[2][3] DOIs are in wide use mainly to identify academic, professional, and government information, such as journal articles, research reports and data sets, and official publications though they also have been used to identify other types of information resources, such as commercial videos.
A DOI aims to be "resolvable", usually to some form of access to the information object to which the DOI refers. This is achieved by binding the DOI to metadata about the object, such as a URL, indicating where the object can be found. Thus, by being actionable and interoperable, a DOI differs from identifiers such as ISBNs and ISRCs which aim only to uniquely identify their referents. The DOI system uses the indecs Content Model for representing metadata.
The DOI for a document remains fixed over the lifetime of the document, whereas its location and other metadata may change. Referring to an online document by its DOI shall provide a more stable linking than simply using its URL. Every time a URL changes, the publisher has to update the metadata for the DOI to link to the new URL.[4][5][6] It is the publisher's responsibility to update the DOI database. By failing to do so, the DOI resolves to a dead link leaving the DOI useless.
The developer and administrator of the DOI system is the International DOI Foundation (IDF), which introduced it in 2000.[7] Organizations that meet the contractual obligations of the DOI system and are willing to pay to become a member of the system can assign DOIs.[8] The DOI system is implemented through a federation of registration agencies coordinated by the IDF.[9] By late April 2011 more than 50 million DOI names had been assigned by some 4,000 organizations,[10] and by April 2013 this number had grown to 85 million DOI names assigned through 9,500 organizations.
Contents
[hide]
1 Nomenclature and syntax
1.1 Display
2 Applications
3 Features and benefits
4 Comparison with other identifier schemes
5 Resolution
6 IDF organizational structure
7 Standardization
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Nomenclature and syntax[edit]
A DOI is a type of Handle System handle, which takes the form of a character string divided into two parts, a prefix and a suffix, separated by a slash.
prefix/suffix
The prefix identifies the registrant of the identifier, and the suffix is chosen by the registrant and identifies the specific object associated with that DOI. Most legal Unicode characters are allowed in these strings, which are interpreted in a case-insensitive manner. The prefix usually takes the form 10.NNNN, where NNNN is a series of at least 4 numbers greater than or equal to 1000, whose limit depends only on the total number of registrants.[11][12] The prefix may be further subdivided with periods, like 10.NNNN.N.[13]
For example, in the DOI name 10.1000/182, the prefix is 10.1000 and the suffix is 182. The "10." part of the prefix distinguishes the handle as part of the DOI namespace, as opposed to some other Handle System namespace,[A] and the characters 1000 in the prefix identify the registrant; in this case the registrant is the International DOI Foundation itself. 182 is the suffix, or item ID, identifying a single object (in this case, the latest version of the DOI Handbook).
DOI names can identify creative works (such as texts, images, audio or video items, and software) in both electronic and physical forms, performances, and abstract works[14] such as licenses, parties to a transaction, etc.
The names can refer to objects at varying levels of detail: thus DOI names can identify a journal, an individual issue of a journal, an individual article in the journal, or a single table in that article. The choice of level of detail is left to the assigner, but in the DOI system it must be declared as part of the metadata that is associated with a DOI name, using a data dictionary based on the indecs Content Model.
Display[edit]
The official DOI Handbook explicitly states that DOIs should display on screens and in print in the format doi:10.1000/182.[15]
Contrary to the DOI Handbook, CrossRef, a major DOI registration agency, recommends displaying a URL (for example, https://doi.org/10.1000/182) instead of the officially specified format (for example, doi:10.1000/182)[16][17] This URL is persistent (there is a contract that ensures persistence in the DOI.ORG domain), so it is a PURL — providing the location of an HTTP proxy server which will redirect web accesses to the correct online location of the linked item.[8][18]
The CrossRef recommendation is primarily based on the assumption that the DOI is being displayed without being hyper-linked to its appropriate URL – the argument being that without the hyperlink it is not as easy to copy-and-paste the full URL to actually bring up the page for the DOI, thus the entire URL should be displayed, allowing people viewing the page containing the DOI to copy-and-paste the URL, by hand, into a new window/tab in their browser in order to go to the appropriate page for the document the DOI represents.
Applications[edit]
Major applications of the DOI system currently include:
scholarly materials (journal articles, books, ebooks,etc.) through CrossRef, a consortium of around 3,000 publishers; Airiti, a leading provider of electronic academic journals in Chinese and Taiwanese; and the Japan Link Center (JaLC) an organization providing link management and DOI assignment for electronic academic journals in Japanese.
research datasets through DataCite, a consortium of leading research libraries, technical information providers, and scientific data centers;
European Union official publications through the EU publications office;
the Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure project at Tsinghua University and the Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of China (ISTIC), two initiatives sponsored by the Chinese government.
Permanent global identifiers for commercial video content through the Entertainment ID Registry, commonly known as EIDR.
In the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development's publication service OECD iLibrary, each table or graph in an OECD publication is shown with a DOI name that leads to an Excel file of data underlying the tables and graphs. Further development of such services is planned.[19]
Other registries include Crossref and the multilingual European DOI Registration Agency.[20] Since 2015 RFCs can be referenced as doi:10.17487/rfc….[21]
Features and benefits[edit]
The IDF designed the DOI system to provide a form of persistent identification, in which each DOI name permanently and unambiguously identifies the object to which it is associated. It also associates metadata with objects, allowing it to provide users with relevant pieces of information about the objects and their relationships. Included as part of this metadata are network actions that allow DOI names to be resolved to web locations where the objects they describe can be found. To achieve its goals, the DOI system combines the Handle System and the indecs Content Model with a social infrastructure.
The Handle System ensures that the DOI name for an object is not based on any changeable attributes of the object such as its physical location or ownership, that the attributes of the object are encoded in its metadata rather than in its DOI name, and that no two objects are assigned the same DOI name. Because DOI names are short character strings, they are human-readable, may be copied and pasted as text, and fit into the URI specification. The DOI name-resolution mechanism acts behind the scenes, so that users communicate with it in the same way as with any other web service; it is built on open architectures, incorporates trust mechanisms, and is engineered to operate reliably and flexibly so that it can be adapted to changing demands and new applications of the DOI system.[22] DOI name-resolution may be used with OpenURL to select the most appropriate among multiple locations for a given object, according to the location of the user making the request.[23] However, despite this ability, the DOI system has drawn criticism from librarians for directing users to non-free copies of documents that would have been available for no additional fee from alternative locations.[24]
The indecs Content Model as used within the DOI system associates metadata with objects. A small kernel of common metadata is shared by all DOI names and can be optionally extended with other relevant data, which may be public or restricted. Registrants may update the metadata for their DOI names at any time, such as when publication information changes or when an object moves to a different URL.
The International DOI Foundation (IDF) oversees the integration of these technologies and operation of the system through a technical and social infrastructure. The social infrastructure of a federation of independent registration agencies offering DOI services was modelled on existing successful federated deployments of identifiers such as GS1 and ISBN.
Comparison with other identifier schemes[edit]
A DOI name differs from commonly used Internet pointers to material, such as the Uniform Resource Locator (URL), in that it identifies an object itself as a first-class entity, rather than the specific place where the object is located at a certain time. It implements the Uniform Resource Identifier (Uniform Resource Name) concept and adds to it a data model and social infrastructure.[25]
A DOI name also differs from standard identifier registries such as the ISBN, ISRC, etc. The purpose of an identifier registry is to manage a given collection of identifiers, whereas the primary purpose of the DOI system is to make a collection of identifiers actionable and interoperable, where that collection can include identifiers from many other controlled collections.[26]
The DOI system offers persistent, semantically-interoperable resolution to related current data and is best suited to material that will be used in services outside the direct control of the issuing assigner (e.g., public citation or managing content of value). It uses a managed registry (providing social and technical infrastructure). It does not assume any specific business model for the provision of identifiers or services and enables other existing services to link to it in defined ways. Several approaches for making identifiers persistent have been proposed. The comparison of persistent identifier approaches is difficult because they are not all doing the same thing. Imprecisely referring to a set of schemes as "identifiers" doesn't mean that they can be compared easily. Other "identifier systems" may be enabling technologies with low barriers to entry, providing an easy to use labeling mechanism that allows anyone to set up a new instance (examples include Persistent Uniform Resource Locator (PURL), URLs, Globally Unique Identifiers (GUIDs), etc.), but may lack some of the functionality of a registry-controlled scheme and will usually lack accompanying metadata in a controlled scheme. The DOI system does not have this approach and should not be compared directly to such identifier schemes. Various applications using such enabling technologies with added features have been devised that meet some of the features offered by the DOI system for specific sectors (e.g., ARK).
A DOI name does not depend on the object's location and, in this way, is similar to a Uniform Resource Name (URN) or PURL but differs from an ordinary URL. URLs are often used as substitute identifiers for documents on the Internet (better characterised as Uniform Resource Identifiers) although the same document at two different locations has two URLs. By contrast, persistent identifiers such as DOI names identify objects as first class entities: two instances of the same object would have the same DOI name.
Resolution[edit]
DOI name resolution is provided through the Handle System, developed by Corporation for National Research Initiatives, and is freely available to any user encountering a DOI name. Resolution redirects the user from a DOI name to one or more pieces of typed data: URLs representing instances of the object, services such as e-mail, or one or more items of metadata. To the Handle System, a DOI name is a handle, and so has a set of values assigned to it and may be thought of as a record that consists of a group of fields. Each handle value must have a data type specified in its <type> field, which defines the syntax and semantics of its data. While a DOI persistently and uniquely identifies the object to which it is assigned, DOI resolution may not be persistent, due to technical and administrative issues.
To resolve a DOI name, it may be input to a DOI resolver, such as doi.org.
Another approach, which avoids typing or cutting-and-pasting into a resolver is to include the DOI in a document as a URL which uses the resolver as an HTTP proxy, such as http://doi.org/ (preferred)[27] or http://dx.doi.org/, both of which support HTTPS. For example, the DOI 10.1000/182 can be included in a reference or hyperlink as https://doi.org/10.1000/182. This approach allows users to click on the DOI as a normal hyperlink. Indeed, as previously mentioned, this is how CrossRef recommends that DOIs always be represented (preferring HTTPS over HTTP), so that if they are cut-and-pasted into other documents, emails, etc., they will be actionable.
Other DOI resolvers and HTTP Proxies include http://hdl.handle.net, http://doi.medra.org, https://doi.pangaea.de/. At the beginning of the year 2016, a new class of alternative DOI resolvers was started by http://doai.io. This service is unusual in that it tries to find a non-paywalled version of a title and redirects you to that instead of the publisher's version.[28][29] Since then, other open-access favoring DOI resolvers have been created, notably https://oadoi.org/ in October 2016.[30] While traditional DOI resolvers solely rely on the Handle System, alternative DOI resolvers first consult open access resources such as BASE (Bielefeld Academic Search Engine).[28][30]
An alternative to HTTP proxies is to use one of a number of add-ons and plug-ins for browsers, thereby avoiding the conversion of the DOIs to URLs,[31] which depend on domain names and may be subject to change, while still allowing the DOI to be treated as a normal hyperlink. For example. the CNRI Handle Extension for Firefox, enables the browser to access Handle System handles or DOIs like hdl:4263537/4000 or doi:10.1000/1 directly in the Firefox browser, using the native Handle System protocol. This plug-in can also replace references to web-to-handle proxy servers with native resolution. A disadvantage of this approach for publishers is that, at least at present, most users will be encountering the DOIs in a browser, mail reader, or other software which does not have one of these plug-ins installed.
IDF organizational structure[edit]
The International DOI Foundation (IDF), a non-profit organisation created in 1998, is the governance body of the DOI system.[32] It safeguards all intellectual property rights relating to the DOI system, manages common operational features, and supports the development and promotion of the DOI system. The IDF ensures that any improvements made to the DOI system (including creation, maintenance, registration, resolution and policymaking of DOI names) are available to any DOI registrant. It also prevents third parties from imposing additional licensing requirements beyond those of the IDF on users of the DOI system.
The IDF is controlled by a Board elected by the members of the Foundation, with an appointed Managing Agent who is responsible for co-ordinating and planning its activities. Membership is open to all organizations with an interest in electronic publishing and related enabling technologies. The IDF holds annual open meetings on the topics of DOI and related issues.
Registration agencies, appointed by the IDF, provide services to DOI registrants: they allocate DOI prefixes, register DOI names, and provide the necessary infrastructure to allow registrants to declare and maintain metadata and state data. Registration agencies are also expected to actively promote the widespread adoption of the DOI system, to cooperate with the IDF in the development of the DOI system as a whole, and to provide services on behalf of their specific user community. A list of current RAs is maintained by the International DOI Foundation. The IDF is recognized as one of the federated registrars for the Handle System by the DONA Foundation (of which the IDF is a board member), and is responsible for assigning Handle System prefixes under the top-level 10 prefix.[33]
Registration agencies generally charge a fee to assign a new DOI name; parts of these fees are used to support the IDF. The DOI system overall, through the IDF, operates on a not-for-profit cost recovery basis.
Standardization[edit]
The DOI system is an international standard developed by the International Organization for Standardization in its technical committee on identification and description, TC46/SC9.[34] The Draft International Standard ISO/DIS 26324, Information and documentation – Digital Object Identifier System met the ISO requirements for approval. The relevant ISO Working Group later submitted an edited version to ISO for distribution as an FDIS (Final Draft International Standard) ballot,[35] which was approved by 100% of those voting in a ballot closing on 15 November 2010.[36] The final standard was published on 23 April 2012.[1]
DOI is a registered URI under the info URI scheme specified by IETF RFC 4452. info:doi/ is the infoURI Namespace of Digital Object Identifiers.[37]
The DOI syntax is a NISO standard, first standardised in 2000, ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2005 Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier.[38]
The maintainers of the DOI system have deliberately not registered a DOI namespace for URNs, stating that:
URN architecture assumes a DNS-based Resolution Discovery Service (RDS) to find the service appropriate to the given URN scheme. However no such widely deployed RDS schemes currently exist.... DOI is not registered as a URN namespace, despite fulfilling all the functional requirements, since URN registration appears to offer no advantage to the DOI System. It requires an additional layer of administration for defining DOI as a URN namespace (the string urn:doi:10.1000/1 rather than the simpler doi:10.1000/1) and an additional step of unnecessary redirection to access the resolution service, already achieved through either http proxy or native resolution. If RDS mechanisms supporting URN specifications become widely available, DOI will be registered as a URN.
—  International DOI Foundation, Factsheet: DOI System and Internet Identifier Specifications[39]
See also[edit]
arXiv
Bibcode
DataCite
Digital identity
Metadata standards
Object identifier
ORCID
PMID
Publisher Item Identifier (PII)
Permalink
Scientific literature
Universally Unique Identifier (UUID)
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Other registries are identified by other strings at the start of the prefix. Handle names that begin with "100." are also in use, as for example in the following citation: Hammond, Joseph L., Jr.; Brown, James E.; Liu, Shyan-Shiang S. (May 1975). "Development of a Transmission Error Model and an Error Control Model l". Technical Report RADC-TR-75-138. Rome Air Development Center. Bibcode:1975STIN...7615344H. hdl:100.2/ADA013939.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "ISO 26324:2012(en), Information and documentation — Digital object identifier system". ISO. Retrieved 2016-04-20.
Jump up ^ "The Handle System".
Jump up ^ "Factsheets".
Jump up ^ Witten, Ian H.; David Bainbridge & David M. Nichols (2010). How to Build a Digital Library (2nd ed.). Amsterdam; Boston: Morgan Kaufmann. pp. 352–253. ISBN 978-0-12-374857-7.
Jump up ^ Langston, Marc; Tyler, James (2004). "Linking to journal articles in an online teaching environment: The persistent link, DOI, and OpenURL". The Internet and Higher Education. 7 (1): 51–58. doi:10.1016/j.iheduc.2003.11.004.
Jump up ^ "How the 'Digital Object Identifier' works". BusinessWeek. BusinessWeek. 23 July 2001. Retrieved 20 April 2010. Assuming the publishers do their job of maintaining the databases, these centralized references, unlike current Web links, should never become outdated or broken.
Jump up ^ Paskin, Norman (2010), "Digital Object Identifier (DOI®) System", Encyclopedia of Library and Information Sciences (3rd ed.), Taylor and Francis, pp. 1586–1592
^ Jump up to: a b Davidson, Lloyd A.; Douglas, Kimberly (December 1998). "Digital Object Identifiers: Promise and problems for scholarly publishing". Journal of Electronic Publishing. 4 (2). doi:10.3998/3336451.0004.203.
Jump up ^ "Welcome to the DOI System". Doi.org. 28 June 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "DOI® News, April 2011: 1. DOI System exceeds 50 million assigned identifiers". Doi.org. 20 April 2011. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
Jump up ^ "doi info & guidelines". CrossRef.org. Publishers International Linking Association, Inc. 2013. Retrieved 10 June 2016. All DOI prefixes begin with "10" to distinguish the DOI from other implementations of the Handle System followed by a four-digit number or string (the prefix can be longer if necessary).
Jump up ^ "Factsheet—Key Facts on Digital Object Identifier System". doi.org. International DOI Foundation. June 6, 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2016. Over 18,000 DOI name prefixes within the DOI System
Jump up ^ "DOI Handbook—2 Numbering". doi.org. International DOI Foundation. February 1, 2016. Retrieved 10 June 2016. The registrant code may be further divided into sub-elements for administrative convenience if desired. Each sub-element of the registrant code shall be preceded by a full stop.
Jump up ^ "Frequently asked questions about the DOI system: 2. What can be identified by a DOI name?". International DOI Foundation. 17 February 2010 [update of earlier version]. Retrieved 23 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "DOI Handbook – Numbering". doi.org. 13 February 2014. Section 2.6.1 Screen and print presentation. Archived from the original on 30 June 2014. Retrieved 30 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "DOI Display Guidelines".
Jump up ^ "New Crossref DOI display guidelines are on the way".
Jump up ^ Powell, Andy (June 1998). "Resolving DOI Based URNs Using Squid: An Experimental System at UKOLN". D-Lib Magazine. ISSN 1082-9873.
Jump up ^ Green, T. (2009). "We Need Publishing Standards for Datasets and Data Tables". Research Information. doi:10.1787/603233448430.
Jump up ^ "multilingual European DOI Registration Agency". mEDRA.org. 2003.
Jump up ^ John R. Levine (2015). "DOIs for RFCs". RFC 7669. IAB. doi:10.17487/rfc7669.
Jump up ^ Timmer, John (6 March 2010). "DOIs and their discontents". Ars Technica. Retrieved 5 March 2013.
Jump up ^ DeRisi, Susanne; Kennison, Rebecca; Twyman, Nick (2003). "Editorial: The what and whys of DOIs". PLoS Biology. 1 (2): e57. doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0000057. PMC 261894  . PMID 14624257.
Jump up ^ Franklin, Jack (2003). "Open access to scientific and technical information: the state of the art". In Grüttemeier, Herbert; Mahon, Barry. Open access to scientific and technical information: state of the art and future trends. IOS Press. p. 74. ISBN 978-1-58603-377-4.
Jump up ^ "DOI System and Internet Identifier Specifications". Doi.org. 18 May 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "DOI System and standard identifier registries". Doi.org. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
Jump up ^ International DOI Foundation (2014-08-07). "Resolution". DOI Handbook. Retrieved 19 March 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "DOAI". CAPSH (Committee for the Accessibility of Publications in Sciences and Humanities). Retrieved 6 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Schonfeld, Roger C. (2016-03-03). "Co-opting 'Official' Channels through Infrastructures for Openness". The Scholarly Kitchen. Retrieved 2016-10-17.
^ Jump up to: a b Piwowar, Heather (2016-10-25). "Introducing oaDOI: resolve a DOI straight to OA". Retrieved 2017-03-17.
Jump up ^ "DOI System Tools".
Jump up ^ "Chapter 7: The International DOI Foundation". DOI Handbook. Doi.org. Retrieved 8 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "DONA Foundation Multi-Primary Administrators".
Jump up ^ "Digital object identifier (DOI) becomes an ISO standard". iso.org. 10 May 2012. Retrieved 10 May 2012.
Jump up ^ "about_the_doi.html DOI Standards and Specifications". Doi.org. 28 June 2010. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "Overviews & Standards – Standards and Specifications: 1. ISO TC46/SC9 Standards". Doi.org. 18 November 2010. Retrieved 3 July 2011.
Jump up ^ "About "info" URIs – Frequently Asked Questions". Info-uri.info. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
Jump up ^ "ANSI/NISO Z39.84-2000 Syntax for the Digital Object Identifier". Techstreet.com. Retrieved 7 August 2010.
Jump up ^ International DOI Foundation (2012).
External links[edit]
Wikidata has the property: DOI (P356) (see talk; uses)
Official website
Short DOI – DOI Foundation service for converting long DOIs to shorter equivalents
Factsheet: DOI System and Internet Identifier Specifications
CrossRef DOI lookup
[hide]
v
t
e
International numbering standards
Standards
ISO 2108: International Standard Book Number (ISBN)
ISO 3297: International Standard Serial Number (ISSN)
ISO 3901: International Standard Recording Code (ISRC)
ISO 6166: International Securities Identification Number (ISIN)
ISO/IEC 7812: Issuer identification number (IIN)
ISO 10957: International Standard Music Number (ISMN)
ISO 13616: International Bank Account Number (IBAN)
ISO 15511: International Standard Identifier for Libraries... (ISIL)
ISO 15706: International Standard Audiovisual Number (ISAN)
ISO 15707: International Standard Musical Work Code (ISWC)
ISO 17316: International Standard Link Identifier (ISLI)
ISO 17442: Legal Entity Identifier (LEI)
ISO 21047: International Standard Text Code (ISTC)
ISO 26324: Digital Object Identifier System (DOI)
ISO 27729: International Standard Name Identifier (ISNI)
CAE/IPI
Virtual International Authority File (VIAF)
[show]
v
t
e
ISO standards by standard number
List of ISO standards / ISO romanizations / IEC standards
1–9999
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
9
16
31
-0
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
128
216
217
226
228
233
259
269
302
306
428
518
519
639
-1
-2
-3
-5
-6
646
690
732
764
843
898
965
1000
1004
1007
1073-1
1413
1538
1745
1989
2014
2015
2022
2047
2108
2145
2146
2240
2281
2709
2711
2788
2848
2852
3029
3103
3166
-1
-2
-3
3297
3307
3602
3864
3901
3977
4031
4157
4217
4909
5218
5428
5775
5776
5800
5964
6166
6344
6346
6385
6425
6429
6438
6523
6709
7001
7002
7098
7185
7200
7498
7736
7810
7811
7812
7813
7816
8000
8178
8217
8571
8583
8601
8632
8652
8691
8807
8820-5
8859
-1
-2
-3
-4
-5
-6
-7
-8
-8-I
-9
-10
-11
-12
-13
-14
-15
-16
8879
9000/9001
9075
9126
9293
9241
9362
9407
9506
9529
9564
9594
9660
9897
9899
9945
9984
9985
9995
10000–19999
10005
10006
10007
10116
10118-3
10160
10161
10165
10179
10206
10218
10303
-11
-21
-22
-28
-238
10383
10487
10585
10589
10646
10664
10746
10861
10957
10962
10967
11073
11170
11179
11404
11544
11783
11784
11785
11801
11898
11940 (-2)
11941
11941 (TR)
11992
12006
12182
12207
12234-2
13211
-1
-2
13216
13250
13399
13406-2
13450
13485
13490
13567
13568
13584
13616
14000
14031
14224
14289
14396
14443
14496
-2
-3
-6
-10
-11
-12
-14
-17
-20
14644
14649
14651
14698
14750
14764
14882
14971
15022
15189
15288
15291
15292
15398
15408
15444
-3
15445
15438
15504
15511
15686
15693
15706
-2
15707
15897
15919
15924
15926
15926 WIP
15930
16023
16262
16612-2
16750
16949 (TS)
17024
17025
17100
17203
17369
17442
17799
18000
18004
18014
18245
18629
18916
19005
19011
19092 (-1
-2)
19114
19115
19125
19136
19439
19500
19501
19502
19503
19505
19506
19507
19508
19509
19510
19600
19752
19757
19770
19775-1
19794-5
19831
20000+
20000
20022
20121
20400
21000
21047
21500
21827:2002
22000
23270
23271
23360
24517
24613
24617
24707
25178
25964
26000
26300
26324
27000 series
27000
27001
27002
27006
27729
28000
29110
29148
29199-2
29500
30170
31000
32000
38500
40500
42010
55000
80000
-1
-2
-3
Category
Authority control
LCCN: sh99010374
GND: 7694956-4
BNF: cb135461391 (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_object_identifier&oldid=832647833"
Categories:
Academic publishing
Electronic documents
Identifiers
Index (publishing)
Hidden categories:
Pages using RFC magic links
Use dmy dates from February 2011
Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
Pages using Columns-list with deprecated parameters
Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
Asturianu
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
भोजपुरी
Български
Boarisch
Bosanski
Català
Cebuano
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gàidhlig
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Ilokano
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
Basa Jawa
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
Bahasa Melayu
မြန်မာဘာသာ
Nederlands
日本語
Nordfriisk
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
ଓଡ଼ିଆ
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
Shqip
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
Татарча/tatarça
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
58 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 27 March 2018, at 06:30.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: scope style

value: abbr

values:
nofollow
external text
https://doi.org/10.1000/182

values:
/wiki/Character_string
mw-redirect
Character string

values: Edit section: Comparison with other identifier schemes

values:
/wiki/Uniform_Resource_Locator
mw-redirect
Uniform Resource Locator

values:
/wiki/Globally_Unique_Identifier
mw-redirect
Globally Unique Identifier

values: Corporation for National Research Initiatives

values:
nofollow
external free
https://doi.org/10.1000/182

values:
nofollow
external free
http://hdl.handle.net

values:
nofollow
external free
http://doi.medra.org

values:
nofollow
https://doi.pangaea.de/
external free

values:
nofollow
https://oadoi.org/
external free

values:
/wiki/Mail_reader
mw-redirect
Mail reader

values: Edit section: IDF organizational structure

values: International Organization for Standardization

values:
external mw-magiclink-rfc
nofollow
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4452

values:
/wiki/Metadata_standards
mw-redirect
Metadata standards

values:
/wiki/Universally_Unique_Identifier
mw-redirect
Universally Unique Identifier

values: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

values: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA013939

values:
nofollow
external text
//hdl.handle.net/100.2%2FADA013939

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: upper-alpha;

values:
nofollow
http://handle.net/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.doi.org/factsheets.html

values:
nofollow
external text
https://doi.org/faq.html#1

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/1082-9873

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1787%2F603233448430

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.medra.org

values:
external mw-magiclink-rfc
nofollow
https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7669

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.17487%2Frfc7669

values:
/wiki/PLoS_Biology
mw-redirect
PLoS Biology

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14624257

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.doi.org/tools.html

values:
nofollow
https://dona.net/mpa/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://doi.org/about_the_doi.html#TC46

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://shortdoi.org

values:
nofollow
http://search.crossref.org/
external text

values: Template talk:International numbering standards

values: International Securities Identification Number

values: International Standard Identifier for Libraries and Related Organizations

values: International Standard Audiovisual Number

values: International Standard Musical Work Code

values: padding:0em 0.25em -moz-column-width: 32em; -webkit-column-width: 32em; column-width: 32em;

values: nowraplinks collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner

values: List of International Organization for Standardization standards

values:
/wiki/List_of_IEC_standards
mw-redirect
List of IEC standards

values:
/wiki/British_standard_pipe_thread
mw-redirect
British standard pipe thread

values: Language Of Temporal Ordering Specification

values: Guidelines for the Definition of Managed Objects

values: Document Style Semantics and Specification Language

values: Tag Image File Format / Electronic Photography

values: Delivery Multimedia Integration Framework

values:
/wiki/MPEG-4_Part_12
mw-redirect
MPEG-4 Part 12

values:
/wiki/Simple_feature_access
mw-redirect
Simple feature access

values: Common Object Request Broker Architecture

values: Cloud Infrastructure Management Interface

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/7694956-4

values: Category:Use dmy dates from February 2011

values: Category:Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters

values: Category:Pages using Columns-list with deprecated parameters

values: Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Digital_object_identifier
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: Digitale objek-identifiseerder – Afrikaans

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-af
display: none;

values: معرف الوثيقة الرقمي – Arabic

values: Identificador d'oxetu dixital – Asturian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values: Rəqəmli obyektin identifikatoru – Azerbaijani

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values: ডিজিটাল অবজেক্ট আইডেন্টিফায়ার – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values: Sò͘-ūi Mi̍h-kiāⁿ Sek-pia̍t-hō – Chinese (Min Nan)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values: Лічбавы ідэнтыфікатар аб’екта – Belarusian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: डिजिटल चीज पहिचानक – Bhojpuri

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bh
display: none;

values: Идентификатор на дигитален обект – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bar
display: none;

values: Digitalni identifikator objekta – Bosnian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOI
DOI – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOI
DOI – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values: Identificador de objeto digital – Spanish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: نشانگر دیجیتالی شیء – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: Digital Object Identifier – Scottish Gaelic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gd
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: 디지털 객체 식별자 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Թվային օբյեկտի իդենտիֆիկատոր – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: डिजिटल वस्तु अभिज्ञापक – Hindi

values: Digitalni identifikator objekta – Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: Pangidhèntifikasi Obyèk Digital – Javanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-jv
display: none;

values: Digitālais objektu identifikators – Latvian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: Идентификатор на дигитални објекти – Macedonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values: ഡിജിറ്റൽ ഓബ്ജക്റ്റ് ഐഡന്റിഫയർ – Malayalam

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-my
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: デジタルオブジェクト識別子 – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values: Digital Object Identifier – Northern Frisian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-frr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: Digital object identifier – Norwegian Nynorsk

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values: ଡିଜିଟାଲ ଅବଜେକ୍ଟ ଆଇଡେଣ୍ଟିଫାୟର – Odia

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-or
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Цифровой идентификатор объекта – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

values: Identifikues digjital objektesh – Albanian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

values: Digital Object Identifier – Simple English

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values: Identifikator digitalnega objekta – Slovenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values: Digitalni identifikator objekta – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values: Digitalni identifikator objekta – Serbo-Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOI
DOI – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: எண்ணிம ஆவணச் சுட்டி – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values: Санлы объект таныклыгы – Tatar

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tt
display: none;

values: ตัวระบุวัตถุดิจิทัล – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: Цифровий ідентифікатор об'єкта – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOI
DOI – Vietnamese
vi
vi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/DOI
DOI – Chinese
zh
zh
interlanguage-link-target

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Digital_object_identifier rootpage-Digital_object_identifier skin-vector action-view


text:
Paige O'Hara
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Paige O'Hara
O'Hara at the 2018 Phoenix Comic Fest
Born
Donna Paige Helmintoller
(1956-05-10) May 10, 1956 (age 62)
Fort Lauderdale, Florida, U.S.
Education
Nova High School
Alma mater
Parkway Middle School of the Arts
Occupation
Actress, voice actress, singer, painter
Years active
1983–present
Notable work
Voice of Belle in Disney's Beauty and the Beast (1991–2011, 2018)
Spouse(s)
Michael Piontek (m. 1995)
Awards
Disney Legend (2011)
Website
www.paigeohara.net
Donna Paige Helmintoller, better known as Paige O'Hara (born May 10, 1956),[1] is an American actress, voice actress, singer and painter. O'Hara began her career as a Broadway actress in 1983 when she portrayed Ellie May Chipley in the musical Showboat. In 1991, she made her motion picture debut in Disney's Beauty and the Beast, in which she voiced the film's heroine, Belle. Following the critical and commercial success of Beauty and the Beast, O'Hara reprised her role as Belle in the film's two direct-to-video follow-ups, Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas and Belle's Magical World.
Contents
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Broadway and stage
2.2 Transition to film and Beauty and the Beast
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Video games
4.4 Theater
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
O'Hara was born in Fort Lauderdale, Florida, and attended Nova High School, in Davie, Florida, and Parkway Middle School of The Arts, also in Florida. She performed in shows with the Fort Lauderdale Children's Theatre.
O'Hara began acting at the age of four, attending acting classes in her home state of Florida.[2] It was not until she was 12 years old that she developed an interest in singing and enrolled in a performing arts high school.[2] O'Hara cites American actress and singer Judy Garland as one of her idols.[3]
Career[edit]
Broadway and stage[edit]
O'Hara made her first appearance on the Broadway stage as Ellie May Chipley in the revival of Showboat in 1983 starring Donald O'Connor. She repeated the role for the Houston Grand Opera's 1989 production and continued with them when the show was moved to the Cairo Opera House in Egypt. Continuing her legacy as Ellie, she also sang the part on the 1989 Grammy-nominated recording of the musical with Jerry Hadley, Frederica von Stade, and Teresa Stratas, conducted by John McGlinn on the Angel EMI label. Her other American stage credits include the title role in The Mystery of Edwin Drood (Broadway and national tour) and Ado Annie in a national tour of Oklahoma! directed by William Hammerstein. In 1995, she joined the Broadway production of Les Misérables, where she played the role of Fantine.
Internationally, O'Hara has played the role of Nellie Forbush in South Pacific (Australia).
In April 2011, O'Hara played the role of Judy Garland in "From Gumm to Garland: JUDY, The Musical" at the Tempe Center for the Arts in Tempe, Arizona.
Transition to film and Beauty and the Beast[edit]
A longtime fan of Walt Disney Pictures,[3] O'Hara auditioned for Beauty and the Beast at the age of 30[4] after reading about the film in The New York Times.[2]
In Season 2 of The Legend of Prince Valiant (which starred her Beauty and the Beast co-star Robby Benson), O'Hara had a recurring role as Princess Aleta (who was later promoted to queen). Benson's character Prince Valiant fell in love with Aleta at first sight.
O'Hara also starred as Venus in the BBC's recorded broadcast of the live presentation of Kurt Weill's "One Touch of Venus" and in tribute to her Belle character from Beauty and the Beast, she portrayed Angela, a character in a fictional soap opera, for Disney's 2007 live action/traditional 2-D animated movie Enchanted.
For her work as Belle, O'Hara was honored with a Disney Legend Award on August 19, 2011.[5]
As of 2011, O'Hara was replaced by Julie Nathanson as the voice of Belle due to her voice changing significantly over the course of twenty years.[6] Despite this, she still paints Belle for Disney Fine Art and also continues to do promotional appearances for Disney.[6][7][8] In 2016, O'Hara appeared at numerous special screenings of Beauty and the Beast in honor of the film's 25th anniversary.[9][10] In July 2017, it was announced that O'Hara would be reprising the role of Belle in the 2018 film Ralph Breaks the Internet.[11]
Personal life[edit]
O'Hara is married to actor Michael Piontek. The couple first met in 1989; after six years of dating, they married in 1995.[12][13][14]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1991 Beauty and the Beast Belle Voice role
1997 Beauty and the Beast: The Enchanted Christmas
1998 Belle's Magical World
1999 Belle's Tale's of Friendship
Chapters of Enchantment
Beauty & the World of Music
2001 Legend of the Candy Cane Jane Aubrey
Mickey's Magical Christmas: Snowed in at the House of Mouse Belle
2002 Rapsittie Street Kids: Believe in Santa Nicole
2004 Sing Along Songs: Disney Princess: Once Upon a Dream Belle
2005 Disney Princess Party: Volume Two
2007 Enchanted Angela
2018 Ralph Breaks the Internet Belle Voice role
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1993 The Legend of Prince Valiant Princess Aleta / Queen Aleta Voice role
1995 The Twisted Tales of Felix the Cat Girls Voice role, uncredited
1996 Adventures from the Book of Virtues The Princess / June Washington Voice role
Video games[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2000 Disney's Beauty and the Beast Magical Ballroom Belle Voice role
2005 Kingdom Hearts II Voice role, English version
2007 Kingdom Hearts II: Final Mix+
Disney Princess: Magical Jewels Voice role
Disney Princess: Enchanted Journey
Theater[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1983 Showboat Ellie May Chipley
1985 The Mystery of Edwin Drood Miss Florence Gil
1986 Oklahoma! Ado Annie
1995 Les Misérables Fantine [15]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Paige O'Hara Pics". All Star Pics. Lucy Media. Retrieved 15 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Interview With Paige O'Hara, The Voice Of Belle In "Beauty and the Beast"". Disney Dreaming. Unrivaled Media Group, LLC. October 5, 2010. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Benedictus, Leo (April 30, 2012). "How we made: Don Hahn and Paige O'Hara on Beauty and the Beast". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media Limited. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
Jump up ^ Huver, Scott (May 30, 2012). ""Beauty and the Beast 3D" Gives Original Star Paige O'Hara a Whole New Perspective". NBC New York. NBCUniversal, Inc. Retrieved 16 November 2012.
Jump up ^ Photo Flash: Lea Salonga, Anika Noni Rose, Paige O'Hara et al. Honored at D23 Expo
^ Jump up to: a b "Belle still tolls for actress O'Hara".
Jump up ^ Brigante, Ricky (July 30, 2013). "Full 2013 D23 Expo schedule revealed with Walt Disney Studios celebs, Imagineering & Parks panels, Marvel meet-and-greets". Inside the Magic. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "New Fantasyland Grand Opening Celebration at Walt Disney World Resort". Disney Parks Blog. July 30, 2013. Retrieved 31 July 2013.
Jump up ^ Mallenbaum, Carly (May 10, 2016). "8 things you never knew about 'Beauty and the Beast'". USA Today. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
Jump up ^ McGovern, Joe (August 16, 2016). "Beauty and the Beast getting special 25th anniversary screening ahead of New York Film Festival". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 19 September 2016.
Jump up ^ Holmes, Adam (July 14, 2017). "Wreck-It Ralph 2 Is Bringing The Original Disney Princesses Back". CinemaBlend. Retrieved July 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://catholicphilly.com/2016/09/culture/paige-ohara-voice-of-belle-recalls-magic-of-beauty-and-the-beast/
Jump up ^ https://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/arts-culture/more-than-20-years-after-beauty-and-the-beast-paige-ohara-still-remembered-as-voice-of-disney-princess/amp/
Jump up ^ https://www.reviewjournal.com/entertainment/arts-culture/voice-of-disneys-belle-didnt-expect-to-fall-in-love-with-las-vegas/amp/
Jump up ^ Paige O'Hara Answers Members Questions Playbill, January 22, 1996
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Paige O'Hara.
Paige O'Hara at the Internet Broadway Database
Paige O'Hara on IMDb
Paige O'Hara at the Disney Legends Website
Paige O'Hara official website
Q&A With Paige O'Hara
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
GND: 143134809
ISNI: 0000 0000 8330 6275
MusicBrainz: ddea7bbb-afd6-404a-873f-eac152833cbf
VIAF: 305232985
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Paige_O%27Hara&oldid=860011899"
Categories:
1956 births
20th-century American painters
20th-century American women artists
21st-century American painters
21st-century American women artists
Actresses from Fort Lauderdale, Florida
American musical theatre actresses
American people of Irish descent
American stage actresses
American video game actresses
American voice actresses
American women painters
Walt Disney Animation Studios people
Living people
Musicians from Fort Lauderdale, Florida
Nova High School alumni
Hidden categories:
Infobox person using alma mater
Articles with hCards
Articles with IBDb links
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Cebuano
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Svenska
4 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 September 2018, at 19:15 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

values:
/wiki/Belle_(Disney)
mw-redirect
Belle (Disney)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.paigeohara.net

values:
/wiki/Showboat_(musical)
mw-redirect
Showboat (musical)

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values: Edit section: Transition to film and Beauty and the Beast

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Kingdom_Hearts_II:_Final_Mix%2B
mw-redirect
Kingdom Hearts II: Final Mix+

values: -moz-column-width: 40em; -webkit-column-width: 40em; column-width: 40em; list-style-type: decimal;

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0641314/
external text

values:
nofollow
https://d23.com/paige-ohara/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/143134809

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000083306275

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/305232985

values: Category:20th-century American women artists

values: Category:21st-century American women artists

values: Category:Actresses from Fort Lauderdale, Florida

values: Category:American musical theatre actresses

values: Category:American people of Irish descent

values: Category:Walt Disney Animation Studios people

values: Category:Musicians from Fort Lauderdale, Florida

values: Category:Infobox person using alma mater

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Paige_O%27Hara
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb
display: none;

values: Πέιτζ Ο'Χάρα – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values: پیج اوهارا – Persian

values: 페이지 오하라 – Korean

values: ペイジ・オハラ – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Paige_O_Hara rootpage-Paige_O_Hara skin-vector action-view