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U and non-U English
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U
Non-U
Bike or Bicycle Cycle
Dinner jacket Dress suit
Knave Jack (cards)
Vegetables Greens
Ice Ice cream
Scent Perfume
They've a very nice house They have (got) a lovely home
Ill (in bed) Sick (in bed)
Looking-glass Mirror
Chimneypiece Mantelpiece
Graveyard Cemetery
Spectacles Glasses
False teeth Dentures
Die Pass on
Mad Mental
Jam Preserve
Napkin Serviette
Sofa Settee or couch
Lavatory or loo Toilet
Rich Wealthy
Good health Cheers
Lunch Dinner (for midday meal)
Pudding Sweet
Drawing-room Lounge
Writing-paper Note-paper
What? Pardon?
How d'you do? Pleased to meet you
Wireless Radio
(School)master, mistress Teacher
U and non-U English usage, with "U" standing for "upper class", and "non-U" representing the aspiring middle classes, was part of the terminology of popular discourse of social dialects (sociolects) in Britain in the 1950s. The debate[clarification needed] did not concern itself with the speech of the working classes, who in many instances used the same words as the upper classes. For this reason, the different vocabularies can often appear quite counter-intuitive: the middle classes prefer "fancy" or fashionable words, even neologisms and often euphemisms, in attempts to make themselves sound more refined ("posher than posh"), while the upper classes in many cases stick to the same plain and traditional words that the working classes also use, as, confident in the security of their social position, they have no need to seek to display refinement.[1]
Contents
1 History
2 See also
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
History[edit]
The debate[clarification needed] was set in motion in 1954 by the British linguist Alan S. C. Ross, professor of linguistics in the University of Birmingham. He coined the terms "U" and "non-U" in an article, on the differences that social class makes in English language usage, published in a Finnish professional linguistics journal.[1] Though his article included differences in pronunciation and writing styles, it was his remark about differences of vocabulary that received the most attention.
The English author Nancy Mitford was alerted and immediately took up the usage in an essay, "The English Aristocracy", which Stephen Spender published in his magazine Encounter in 1954. Mitford provided a glossary of terms used by the upper classes (some appear in the table at right), unleashing an anxious national debate about English class-consciousness and snobbery, which involved a good deal of soul-searching that itself provided fuel for the fires. The essay was reprinted, with contributions by Evelyn Waugh, John Betjeman, and others, as well as a "condensed and simplified version"[2] of Ross' original article, as Noblesse Oblige: an Enquiry into the Identifiable Characteristics of the English Aristocracy[3] in 1956. Betjeman's poem How to Get on in Society concluded the collection.
The issue of U and non-U could have been taken lightheartedly, but at the time many took it very seriously. This was a reflection of the anxieties of the middle class in Britain of the 1950s, recently emerged from post-war austerities. In particular the media used it as a launch pad for many stories, making much more out of it than was first intended. In the meantime, the idea that one might "improve oneself" by adopting the culture and manner of one's "betters", instinctively assented to before World War II, was now greeted with resentment.[4]
Some of the terms and the ideas behind them were largely obsolete by the late 20th century, when, in the United Kingdom, reverse snobbery led younger members of the British upper and middle classes to adopt elements of working class speech (see: Estuary English and Mockney). Yet many, if not most, of the differences remain very much current, and therefore perfectly usable as class indicators.[5]
See also[edit]
Shibboleth
Countersignaling
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Ross, Alan S. C., Linguistic class-indicators in present-day English, Neuphilologische Mitteilungen (Helsinki), vol. 55 (1954), 113–149.
Jump up ^ Mitford, Nancy (ed.). 1956. Noblesse oblige. London, Hamish Hamilton, 'Note'.
Jump up ^ Mitford, Nancy (ed.). 1956. Noblesse oblige. London, Hamish Hamilton.
Jump up ^ Buckle, Richard (ed.). 1978. U and Non-U Revisited. London: Debrett.
Jump up ^ Fox, Watching the English: The Hidden Rules of English Behaviour, pp. 75–76: "Terminology Rules – U and Non-U Revisited".
Further reading[edit]
Mitford, Nancy (ed.). Noblesse oblige. Hamish Hamilton, London, 1956. Reprinted Oxford : Oxford University Press, 2002, ISBN 0-19-860520-X.
Fox, Kate. Watching the English: The Hidden Rules of English Behaviour. Hodder & Stoughton, London, 2004. ISBN 0-340-81885-9
Cooper, Jilly. Class. Corgi Adult, 1999. ISBN 978-0-552-14662-3
Alan S C Ross. How to pronounce it. Hamish Hamilton, London, 1970. SBN 241 01967 2
Alan S C Ross. Don't say it. Hamish Hamilton 1973, ISBN 978-0241024263
Charlotte Mosley (ed.) The Letters of Nancy Mitford and Evelyn Waugh. Hodder, London, 1996, at pp. 297–394. ISBN 0-340-63804-4
External links[edit]
Ross, Alan S. C., Linguistic class-indicators in present-day English (6.15 MB PDF)
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Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For the 2013 video game of the same name, see Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows (video game).
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles:
Out of the Shadows
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Dave Green
Produced by
Michael Bay
Andrew Form
Brad Fuller
Galen Walker
Scott Mednick
Written by
Josh Appelbaum
André Nemec
Based on
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
by
Kevin Eastman
Peter Laird
Starring
Megan Fox
Stephen Amell
Will Arnett
Laura Linney
Noel Fisher
Jeremy Howard
Pete Ploszek
Alan Ritchson
Brian Tee
Tyler Perry
Music by
Steve Jablonsky
Cinematography
Lula Carvalho
Edited by
Jim May
Debra Neil-Fisher
Bob Ducsay
Production
companies
Nickelodeon Movies
Platinum Dunes
Gama Entertainment
Mednick Productions
Smithrowe Entertainment
Distributed by
Paramount Pictures
Release date
May 22, 2016 (2016-05-22) (Madison Square Garden)
June 3, 2016 (2016-06-03) (United States)
Running time
112 minutes[1][2][3]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$135 million[4]
Box office
$245.6 million[4]
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows is a 2016 American superhero film based on the fictional superhero team the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. It is the sixth film in the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles film series, the second in the reboot series, and a sequel to the 2014 film Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. The film was directed by Dave Green, written by Josh Appelbaum and André Nemec, and stars Megan Fox, Stephen Amell, Will Arnett, Laura Linney, Brian Tee, Brittany Ishibashi and Tyler Perry, and featuring the voices of Pete Ploszek, Alan Ritchson, Noel Fisher, Jeremy Howard, Tony Shalhoub, Gary Anthony Williams, Sheamus and Brad Garrett.
Principal photography on the film began on April 27, 2015, in New York City. It was released on June 3, 2016, in 3D, RealD 3D, 4DX and in IMAX 3D. It received mixed reviews from critics, being considered by many an improvement over its predecessor, but was not as successful, grossing $245 million against a $135 million budget.[4][5]
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
2.1 Voice actors and motion-capture
2.2 Live action
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Music
3.4 Filming
4 Release
4.1 Marketing
4.2 Home media
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical response
5.3 Accolades
6 Future
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Two years after their battle with Shredder and Eric Sacks, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles, Leonardo, Donatello, Raphael, and Michelangelo, still live beneath the sewers of New York City, having allowed Vern Fenwick to take the credit for Shredder's defeat. At Grand Central Station, April O'Neil discovers and informs the turtles that scientist Baxter Stockman is working for Shredder and plans to bust him out of prison. As Shredder is transferred between prisons alongside criminals Bebop and Rocksteady by corrections officer Casey Jones, the Foot Clan attack the convoy transporting them. Despite the turtles' interference, Shredder escapes when Stockman uses a teleportation device. Shredder is hijacked mid-teleport, winds up in another dimension, and meets the alien warlord Krang, who reveals his plans to invade Earth. He gives Shredder a purple mutagenic compound in exchange for his promise to find three components of a machine that Krang sent to Earth long ago which will open a portal to his dimension when united, knowing that Shredder and Stockman have the first piece. Casey tells NYPD chief Rebecca Vincent what happened to Shredder but is met with disbelief, and decides to go out on his own.
Shredder returns to NY, recruits Bebop and Rocksteady, who also escaped, and has Stockman use Krang's mutagen to transform them into powerful animal mutants—a humanoid warthog and rhinoceros. April witnesses their transformation and is able to steal the remaining mutagen vial. Pursued by the Foot, she is rescued by Casey, who uses hockey gear, but the vial is taken into police custody. April then introduces Casey to the turtles, and Raphael and Michelangelo make fun of and pull pranks on him. In the lair, Donatello deduces that the mutagen could be used to turn the turtles into humans, enabling them to live normal lives above ground, but Leonardo refuses and insists on keeping it a secret from the others. However, Michelangelo overhears their conversation and tells Raphael, which enrages Raphael and leads to a fierce argument between the brothers. Leonardo benches Raphael and takes Michelangelo off the mission. In the Natural History Museum, Shredder, Bebop, and Rocksteady find the second piece and steal it before Leonardo and Donatello arrive. Still furious, Raphael recruits Michelangelo, April, Casey, and Vern to break into the NYPD headquarters and retrieve the mutagen. Vern distracts the police while April and Casey retrieve the mutagen, but the Foot arrive ahead of them. In the ensuing battle, the turtles' existence is revealed to the police, who react with fear and hatred, and April and Casey are arrested while helping the brothers escape with the mutagen. Vincent also sees on TCRI's cameras that April stole the mutagen, but Stockman had edited the tape so only April is seen.
The turtles track Bebop and Rocksteady as they recover the final piece of the device in the rainforests of Manaus, Brazil, and board Rocksteady and Bebop's jet in midair. In the resulting battle, the jet is critically damaged after Rocksteady fires a tank-mounted machine gun in the cargo hold, and crashes into a river. As the Turtles fight Bebop in the river for control of the piece, Rocksteady emerges in the tank and helps Bebop escape with the piece. The turtles return to NY as Shredder and Stockman complete the device and open a portal to Krang's dimension through which his modular war machine, the Technodrome, begins to emerge. Shredder betrays Stockman and his men take him to their headquarters in Tokyo. When entering the Technodrome, Krang likewise betrays Shredder, freezing him and locking him with his collection of other defeated foes.
Seeing no way to reach the Technodrome as the police pursue them, the turtles debate over taking the mutagen to become human and fight openly. While Leonardo agrees, Raphael shatters the vial, realizing they must accept who they are. Upon April's request, Vern recovers the security footage from a hidden TCRI camera disguised as a clock that proves Stockman and Shredder's collaboration and secures April and Casey's release. April arranges a meeting between the turtles and Vincent, and convinces her that they are not enemies and were the ones who defeated Shredder in the first place. With the help of the police, the turtles are able to jump from the Chrysler Building and confront Krang aboard the still-assembling Technodrome. Although Krang is able to overpower all four turtles easily, they defeat him when Donatello short circuits Krang's robotics body. April, Casey and Vern raid the Foot Clan facility, defeat Bebop, Rocksteady and Shredder's lieutenant Karai and take control of the device. The turtles are able to hurl the ship's beacon back through the portal, taking Krang and the rest of the Technodrome with it, as April, Casey, and Vern shut the portal down. As he disappears, Krang vows to return stronger for revenge.
A week later, Bebop and Rocksteady are back in custody, while Stockman remains at large. At night, the turtles are honored by Vincent and the NYPD along with April, Casey, and Vern, and given golden keys to the city. Vincent offers to introduce the turtles to the public, allowing them to lead normal lives, but the turtles opt to keep their existence a secret while still helping as they always have. On top of the Statue of Liberty, the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles celebrate their victory over the vanquished Krang.
Cast[edit]
Voice actors and motion-capture[edit]
Pete Ploszek as Leonardo: The leader of the turtles who wields a pair of katana in battle
Alan Ritchson as Raphael: The hot-headed brother who wields a pair of sai in battle.
Noel Fisher as Michelangelo: The light-hearted brother known for his pranks and jokes and who wields a pair of nunchucks in battle.
Jeremy Howard as Donatello: The intelligent brother known for his scientific and technological expertise who builds equipment and machinery for the turtles and who wields a bo-staff in battle.
Peter D. Badalamenti (motion-capture) and Tony Shalhoub (voice) as Splinter: The mentor and father-figure of the turtles. His motion-capture was previously performed by Danny Woodburn in the first film.
Gary Anthony Williams as Bebop:[6] A criminal partner of Rocksteady who was genetically mutated into an anthropomorphic warthog.
Sheamus as Rocksteady:[7] A criminal partner of Bebop who was genetically mutated into an anthropomorphic rhinoceros.
Brad Garrett as Krang:[8][9] A megalomaniacal ruthless extraterrestrial life-form equipped with a robotic prototype body, who seeks to destroy Earth and enslave the universe.
Live action[edit]
Megan Fox as April O'Neil: A reporter for Channel 6 who had befriended the turtles in the previous film, who now helps them fight the released Shredder and his allies.
Stephen Amell as Casey Jones: A corrections officer turned vigilante who wears a hockey-mask and wields a hockey stick as a weapon. He eventually meets and befriends the turtles and April.
Will Arnett as Vern Fenwick: April's cameraman and friend who is revealed to have taken credit for the turtles actions in saving New York City. He again assists the turtles in stopping Shredder once again.
Laura Linney as Police Chief Rebecca Vincent:[10] the chief of NYPD who initially detests but later allies with the turtles in saving New York City.
Brian Tee[11] as The Shredder: The leader of the Foot Clan who now seeks revenge on the turtles and allies with Krang. He was previously portrayed by Tohoru Masamune in the first film.
Tyler Perry as Dr. Baxter Stockman: A mad scientist and former worker at Sacks Industries who allies with Shredder in the latter's aims to take over New York City.
Brittany Ishibashi as Karai:[12] Shredder's second in-command.
Dean Winters appears as a bartender. Supermodel Alessandra Ambrosio has a cameo appearance.[13] NBA players Carmelo Anthony, DeAndre Jordan, Lou Amundson, J. J. Redick, Austin Rivers, Matt Barnes, and Spencer Hawes also made cameos in the film.[14][15][16] Series co-creator Kevin Eastman makes a cameo appearance as a pizza delivery man named after himself in the film's opening.[17] Jill Martin also made a cameo appearance in the basketball scene in the film. Judith Hoag, who previously played April O'Neil in the original 1990 film, plays a cameo as Rita, April's boss, in a deleted scene. Jane Wu plays Jade, a police officer.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
After the 2014 film exceeded box office expectations, Paramount and Nickelodeon officially announced a sequel was greenlit, and set to be released in theatres on June 3, 2016,[18] with plans to incorporate the characters Casey Jones and Bebop and Rocksteady.[19] Jonathan Liebesman and Bradley Fuller were also interested in doing a storyline that involved Dimension X and Krang.[20] In December 2014, it was revealed Paramount was in early negotiations with Earth to Echo director Dave Green to helm the sequel, also revealing Jonathan Liebesman was no longer a part of the project.[21] Known briefly as Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Half Shell,[22] Paramount revealed in December 2015 that the title had officially been changed to Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows.[23][24]
Casting[edit]
Megan Fox and Will Arnett were confirmed to be returning as April O'Neil and Vern Fenwick respectively; also confirmed were the Shredder's return, and Bebop and Rocksteady debut in the movie.[25] In an interview, William Fichtner stated that he would be returning as Eric Sacks, but for unknown reasons, he ultimately did not appear in the final film. However, he could return in the third installment, considering he (along with the turtle actors, Noel Fisher, Jeremy Howard, Alan Ritchson and Pete Ploszek) signed on for three TMNT films.[26] Production was confirmed to start in April 2015,[27] along with the casting of Alessandra Ambrosio, and several members of the Los Angeles Clippers.[28][29] On March 31, Stephen Amell was cast as Casey Jones, after test reading alongside several different actors.[30] Amell acknowledged the character bore similarities to his Oliver Queen from Arrow. He stated the characters are "fundamentally different" from one another, but that Casey did resemble Oliver from older versions.[31] On April 23, Tyler Perry was cast as scientist Baxter Stockman, replacing K. Todd Freeman, who played the role in the 2014 film.[32] On April 27, Brian Tee joined the cast as the Shredder, replacing Tohoru Masamune from the first film.[33] On April 30, Laura Linney was cast in an unspecified role.[10] On May 14, Gary Anthony Williams was cast as Bebop,[6] while on May 28, WWE wrestler Sheamus was confirmed to play Rocksteady.[7] On May 27, Minae Noji was replaced with Brittany Ishibashi in the role of Karai.[12] In August 2015, CM Punk revealed that he lost the role of Rocksteady to Sheamus.[34] In March 2016, it was announced that Fred Armisen would voice Krang in the film.[35][36] However, in May 2016, shortly before the film's release, it was revealed that Brad Garrett would voice Krang instead due to Armisen having schedule conflicts.[37] In April 2016, while promoting Elvis & Nixon, Johnny Knoxville revealed that he was not asked to return for the sequel as the voice of Leonardo.[38]
Music[edit]
On April 2, 2016, Steve Jablonsky revealed that he would compose the music score, replacing Brian Tyler from the first film.[39] Mexican teen boy band CD9 performed an updated version of the original show's theme song for the film.[40] The film score soundtrack was released on June 3, 2016, on digital platforms but excluded compact discs.[41]
Filming[edit]
Filming began in April in New York City and Buffalo, spending about $70 million in the state.[42] Filming began on April 27, 2015, when the film crew was spotted filming in Midtown Manhattan and moved out to Foz do Iguaçu, Brazil.[43] Filming in Buffalo began on May 4, 2015, along the Kensington Expressway[44][45] and ended May 17, 2015.[46] Filming wrapped up in August 2015.[47][48] Additional filming occurred in New York City on January 30, and ended on February 1. Farelly and Williams recorded additional dialogue for the film in February 2016.[49][unreliable source]
Release[edit]
The film premiered in New York City on May 22, 2016,[50] and was released in the United Kingdom on May 30, 2016, and the United States on June 3, 2016.[51]
Marketing[edit]
Concept art of Bebop and Rocksteady was shown at Paramount Pictures’ CinemaCon panel on April 22, 2015.[52] A 14-second teaser of the trailer was released by Stephen Amell on December 9, 2015.[53] The full trailer debuted the following day.[54][55] On January 5, 2016, a toy catalog for the film was leaked online. The toys debuted at the 2016 Toy Fair in February. A 30-second TV spot premiered at the 2016 Super Bowl 50 on February 7, 2016.[56] A 7-second sneak preview of the TV spot was released three days prior.[57] On February 12, 2016, a second TV spot was released. On February 17, 2016, Paramount released four character posters featuring the four turtles.[58] On February 25, 2016, Megan Fox and Stephen Amell announced a sweepstakes for the film.[59] On March 2, 2016, Paramount released four more ninja turtle posters.[60]
Will Arnett debuted the first official clip from the film at the 2016 Kids' Choice Awards, on March 12, 2016.[61] That same evening, the awards show and Brian Tee gave fans the first look at Shredder in full armor.[62] On March 24, 2016, it was announced that the toys from the film will be released in stores in April. The following day, Paramount released two more Bebop and Rocksteady posters and a new trailer from the film.[63] New footage of the film was also shown during that week at WonderCon.[35] On April 1, 2016, another Bebop and Rocksteady poster was released.[64] On April 8, 2016, another teaser trailer was released.[65] Another trailer with brand new footage debuted on April 11, 2016, along with a new poster.[66] Two new TV spots were released on April 18, 2016.[67] The next day, another TV spot was released.[68] Two days later, another TV spot debuted.[69] On May 3, 2016, another trailer debuted.[70] From May 12–16, 2016, six new TV spots debuted.[71][72][73] On May 19, 2016, Paramount debuted two additional TV spots.[74] The final full trailer for the film was released the following day.[75] Paramount released a trailer, which focused primarily on Bebop and Rocksteady, on May 26, 2016, which also aired during the May 30th episode of WWE Raw since Sheamus was in the film as Rocksteady.[76] Four new TV spots then debuted from May 28–30, 2016.[77][78]
Home media[edit]
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows was released on Digital HD on September 6, 2016,[79] and on 4K Ultra HD, Blu-ray, Blu-ray 3D and DVD on September 20, 2016.[80][81][82] The film debuted in first place on the overall home video sales chart and in second place on the Blu-ray sales chart for the week ending on September 25, 2016.[83]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows grossed $82.1 million in the United States and Canada and $163.6 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $245.6 million, against its production budget of $135 million.[4] It made around 50% less than its predecessor, which had grossed $493 million.[84] In October 2016, in response to the film's poor commercial performance, producers Andrew Form and Brad Fuller said they still "love" the movie and "loved making it", but they were still "surprised" by the film's performance and "it just didn’t find an audience."[85] The Hollywood Reporter estimated the film lost the studio at least $75 million, when factoring together all expenses and revenues.[86]
In the U.S. and Canada, the film was projected to gross around $30–40 million from 4,071 theaters in its opening weekend, with some estimates going as high as $49 million.[87][88][89][90][91] It received a one-week special run across 331 IMAX and IMAX 3D theaters from June 2 up to June 9.[92][93] The film made $2 million from Thursday night previews which began at 5 p.m., compared to the first film's $4.6 million.[94][95][96] On its opening day it earned $12.5 million (including previews), with $4.4 million (36%) coming from 3D showings.[97] In its opening weekend, it grossed $35.3 million, finishing first at the box office.[97] However, its opening was down 45% from the first film's $65.6 million debut.[98] Paramount vice chairman Rob Moore said that while the studio was hoping for a stronger opening, he believed that the film could make up some ground in the coming weeks since most films aimed at younger audiences play at better multiples.[99]
Outside North America, the film was released in about 30 overseas IMAX markets, beginning Wednesday, June 1, with additional markets throughout the summer, including China on July 2.[92] It opened across 40 markets the same weekend as its U.S. release, including big markets like the United Kingdom, Mexico and Russia, which is about 39% of its total international marketplace, and was projected to make around $36 million.[87][90][100] It ended up grossing $33 million, which is down 11% when compared to the first film's same suite of markets, and had No. 1 debuts in 21 markets out of the 40.[101] The top openings were in China ($26.1 million), the UK ($5.1 million), Russia ($4.8 million) and Mexico ($4.5 million).[102][103] In the United Kingdom, it came in second place – behind Warcraft – with a £3.49 million ($5 million) seven-day opening from 513 theaters.[102][104]
In China the film was granted a rare July release date (along with The Legend of Tarzan,[105] where it grossed an estimated $26.1 million from 6,600 screens in two days. It had a limited opening on Friday, July 1 and opened wide the following day. It faced competition from local film Bounty Hunters which had the advantage of opening wide right from Friday. Yet, Out of the Shadows emerged victorious at the end of the weekend ahead of the latter's $18 million opening. As a result, Out of the Shadows became the ninth consecutive Hollywood import film to debut atop the chart beginning from May 6, 2016. In comparable to Saturday releases, the figure is almost double the launch of Big Hero 6; 41% above the first film; and 18% higher than The Angry Birds Movie.[103][106][107] It fell precipitously in its second weekend by 74%, earning $6.6 million and thereby slipped in to fourth place. It opened in key markets such as Germany and Austria on August 11 as well as Japan on August 26, 2016.[108]
Critical response[edit]
On Rotten Tomatoes, the film has an approval rating of 37% based on 161 reviews, with a rating average of 4.7/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows is a slight improvement over its predecessor, but still lacks the wit or anarchic energy of the comics that birthed the franchise."[109] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 40 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[110] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "A-" on an A+ to F scale, an improvement over the first film's "B".[111]
Glenn Kenny of The New York Times gave the film a positive review writing, "This movie is, it happens, easier to sit through than the 2014 film", while also adding that "The 3-D action, overseen by the director Dave Green, is not wholly incoherent. The production values (showcasing new mutants and many gear-heavy extra-dimensional machines undreamed of in any actual engineering philosophy) are ultrashiny. And there are even a couple of amusing, albeit unmemorable, sight gags and one-liners."[112] Edward Douglas of New York Daily News gave the film three out of five stars, saying, "As with the best popcorn flicks, Out of the Shadows offers plenty of mindless entertainment and mind-numbing silliness that somehow works well enough to leave even the Ninja Turtles' biggest detractors shell-shocked."[113] Michael O'Sullivan of The Washington Post praised the film's action sequences and story while overall writing that, "Out of the Shadows is, at least, deliciously silly, even if it is also decidedly forgettable. Like a well-plated but nutrition-free meal, it registers on the senses while being bad for you."[114]
Peter Hartlaub of San Francisco Chronicle gave the film a negative review, writing, "Your 11-year-old is going to love this film. Then he'll grow up and wonder what he was thinking."[115] Sara Stewart of The New York Post gave the film two out of four stars and wrote, "despite the title, the wisecracking turtles named for Renaissance painters are never allowed to shine... It’s a bummer, dude."[116] Lindsey Bahr of the Associated Press gave the film one star out of four and said, "Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows is a Saturday morning cartoon on Michael Bay steroids. For the under 12 set, that's fine. For the rest of us? It's something to actively avoid."[117]
Accolades[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Recipients
Result
Ref.
2016
2016 Teen Choice Awards Choice Summer Movie Star: Female Megan Fox Nominated [118]
Choice Summer Movie Star: Male Stephen Amell
2017
37th Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Prequel, Remake, Ripoff or Sequel Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows [119]
Worst Actress Megan Fox
2017 Kids' Choice Awards Favorite Movie Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows [120]
Favorite Movie Actress Megan Fox
Favorite Movie Actor Will Arnett
Squad Noel Fisher, Jeremy Howard, Pete Ploszek and Alan Ritchson
Future[edit]
On August 16, 2014, Noel Fisher stated in an interview that he and the other Turtle actors have signed on for three more films.[121] Megan Fox has also signed on for three films.[122] On May 20, 2016, Tyler Perry said that if a third film is to be made, his character, Baxter Stockman, would probably mutate into his fly form during the movie.[123] Pete Ploszek has also expressed his interests in reprising his role in a third film as Leonardo.[124] On October 29, 2016, producer Andrew Form indicated that no plans were underway for a third film.[85]
On June 20, 2018, it was reported that Paramount Pictures will once again reboot the series.[125][126]
Film in the United States portal
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External links[edit]
Official website
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows on IMDb
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows at AllMovie
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows at Box Office Mojo
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows at Metacritic
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows at Rotten Tomatoes
show
v
t
e
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Created by
Kevin Eastman
Peter Laird
Characters and (appearances)
Turtles
Leonardo
Donatello
Michelangelo
Raphael
Supporting
Splinter
Hamato Yoshi
April O'Neil
Casey Jones
Leatherhead
Metalhead
Miyamoto Usagi
Mighty Mutanimals
Venus
Antagonists
Shredder
Foot Clan
Karai
Baxter Stockman
Bebop and Rocksteady
Krang
Purple Dragons
Rat King
Slash
Tokka and Rahzar
Comics
Mirage comic series
Tales of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Archie comic series
Mighty Mutanimals
Daily comic strip
Dreamwave comic series
IDW comic series
Television
1987 series
episodes
season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
Mutant Turtles: Superman Legend
Ninja Turtles: The Next Mutation
episodes
villains
2003 series
episodes
season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Turtles Forever
Home video
2012 series
characters
episodes
season 1
2
3
4
5
Half-Shell Heroes: Blast to the Past
Rise of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
-
Films
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (1990)
soundtrack
II: The Secret of the Ooze (1991)
soundtrack
III (1993)
soundtrack
TMNT (2007)
soundtrack
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014)
soundtrack
Out of the Shadows (2016)
Games
Role-playing games
Video games
Other
Action figures
Lego
Alien races
Casey Jones (fan film)
Food tie-ins
Cartoon All-Stars to the Rescue
"Turtle Power!"
"Spin That Wheel"
Dimension X
Technodrome
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Shell Shock
Turtle Power: The Definitive History of the Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles
Category
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The Rugrats Movie (1998)
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Barnyard (2006)
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Live-action
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Angus, Thongs and Perfect Snogging (2008)
Hotel for Dogs (2009)
Imagine That (2009)
The Last Airbender (2010)
Fun Size (2012)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows (2016)
Monster Trucks (2016)
Dora the Explorer (2019)
Film franchises
Rugrats (1998–2003)
The Wild Thornberrys (2002–03)
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Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014–16)
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A Nightmare on Elm Street (2010)
The Purge (2013)
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Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles (2014)
Ouija (2014)
Project Almanac (2015)
Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles: Out of the Shadows (2016)
The Purge: Election Year (2016)
Ouija: Origin of Evil (2016)
A Quiet Place (2018)
The First Purge (2018)
Dora the Explorer (2019)
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The Last Ship (2014–present)
Billion Dollar Wreck (2016)
Jack Ryan (2018–present)
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Interstate 20
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"I-20" redirects here. For other uses, see I-20 (disambiguation).
Interstate 20
Route information
Length
1,539.38 mi[1] (2,477.39 km)
Existed
1957 – present
Major junctions
West end
I‑10 at Scroggins Draw, TX
I‑30 in Aledo, TX
I‑35W in Fort Worth, TX
I‑35E in Dallas, TX
I‑45 in Dallas, TX
I‑55 in Jackson, MS
I‑59 from Meridian, MS to Birmingham, AL
I‑65 in Birmingham, AL
I‑75 / I‑85 in Atlanta, GA
I‑26 near Columbia, SC
East end
I‑95 / I‑20 BS near Florence, SC
Location
States
Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, Georgia, South Carolina
Highway system
Interstate Highway System
Main
Auxiliary
Suffixed
Business
Future
Interstate 20 (I‑20) is a major east–west Interstate Highway in the Southern United States. I‑20 runs 1,535 miles (2,470 km) beginning near Kent, Texas, at I-10 to Florence, South Carolina, at I-95.[2] Between Texas and South Carolina, I‑20 runs through northern Louisiana, central Mississippi, western and north-central Alabama, and north-central Georgia. The major cities that I-20 connects to includes (from west to east) Fort Worth; Dallas; Shreveport, Louisiana; Jackson, Mississippi; Birmingham, Alabama; Atlanta; and Columbia, South Carolina. I‑20 also intersects seven of the ten primary north–south Interstates (all except I‑5, I‑15, and I‑25) and also the east–west Interstates 10 and 30.
From its terminus at I‑95, the highway continues about 2 miles (3.2 km) eastward into the city of Florence as Business Spur 20.
Contents
[hide]
1 Route description
1.1 Texas
1.2 Louisiana
1.3 Mississippi
1.4 Alabama
1.5 Georgia
1.6 South Carolina
2 History
3 Future
4 Junction list
5 Auxiliary routes
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Route description[edit]
Lengths
mi[1]
km
TX 636.08 1023.67
LA 189.87 305.57
MS 154.61 248.82
AL 214.7 345.5
GA 202.61 326.07
SC 141.51 227.74
Total 1539.4 2477.4
Texas[edit]
Main article: Interstate 20 in Texas
I-20 in southern Fort Worth
I-20 begins 10 miles (16 km) east of Kent at a fork with I-10. From there, the highway travels east-northeastward through Odessa, Midland, and Abilene before turning eastward towards Dallas/Fort Worth. The La Entrada al Pacifico corridor runs along I-20 between U.S. Route 385 (US 385) and Farm to Market Road 1788 (FM 1788). Between Monahans and I-10, I-20 has an 80 miles per hour (130 km/h) speed limit.
From the highway's opening in the 1960s through 1971, I-20 originally went through the heart of the Metroplex via the Dallas-Fort Worth Turnpike. This old route is now signed I-30 (Dallas-Fort Worth Turnpike), US 80 (former stretch between I-635 and Terrell) and Texas Spur 557 (bypass around Terrell).
In 1987, I-20 was rerouted to go through the southern sections of Fort Worth, Arlington, Grand Prairie, Dallas, and Mesquite before rejoining its original route at Terrell. Part of I-20 in Dallas is named the Lyndon B. Johnson Freeway and used to be signed as I-635.
I-20 continues eastward from Terrell, bypassing Tyler, Longview, and Marshall before crossing the Louisiana border near Waskom.
Louisiana[edit]
Main article: Interstate 20 in Louisiana
In Louisiana, I-20 roughly parallels U.S. Route 80 through the northern part of the state.
Entering the state from near Waskom, Texas, the highway immediately enters the Shreveport-Bossier City metropolitan area, intersecting I-49 near downtown Shreveport and passing close to Barksdale Air Force Base in Bossier City.
From that area, the highway traverses mainly rural, hilly terrain, bypassing Minden, Ruston and Grambling before reaching Monroe.
From Monroe, I-20 enters flatter terrain as it approaches the Mississippi River. Before crossing the Mississippi, the highway passes Tallulah. At the Mississippi River, I-20 leaves Louisiana and enters Vicksburg, Mississippi.
Mississippi[edit]
Main article: Interstate 20 in Mississippi
A photo of the state welcome sign westbound.
Upon entering Mississippi by crossing the Mississippi River, I-20 immediately enters Vicksburg. Between Edwards and Clinton, the highway mostly follows the original two-lane routing of US 80. In Jackson, I-20 sees a short concurrency with both I-55 and US 49. Also in Jackson is an unusually expansive stack interchange, at the junction of I-20, I-55 North and US 49 South. The interchange replaces a former directional interchange at I-55 North and a cloverleaf at Highway 49. From the Stack, I-20 continues eastward to Meridian, where it begins the nearly 160-mile (260 km) overlap with I-59.
The route of the Mississippi section of I-20 is defined in Mississippi Code § 65-3-3.
Alabama[edit]
I-20 (co-signed with I-59) approaching I-65 in downtown Birmingham. This is sometimes referred to as Malfunction Junction.
Main article: Interstate 20 in Alabama
I-20 (along with I-59) crosses the Alabama state line near York, and it stays conjoined as it passes through western Alabama and Tuscaloosa. At Birmingham, the two highways pass through downtown together before splitting at Exit 130 just east of the Birmingham airport. I-20 continues eastward through Oxford/Anniston, Alabama, and the Talladega National Forest, passing by the Talladega Superspeedway in the process, which is visible from the highway.
Also in Birmingham, the intersection of I-20 / I-59 and I-65 is known as a Malfunction Junction because of the interchange's somewhat-confusing design, and the number of traffic accidents that occur there.
Georgia[edit]
I-20 eastbound at I-520 interchange, in Augusta, GA
Main article: Interstate 20 in Georgia
I-20 enters Georgia near Tallapoosa and after passing through western Georgia, it enters the Atlanta metropolitan area. On clear days, eastbound motorists get their first view of downtown Atlanta as they come over the top of the Six Flags Hill. The Six Flags Over Georgia amusement park is easily visible off exit 46 eastbound. The highway then passes through the center of Atlanta, meeting with I-75 and I-85, which share a common expressway (the "Downtown Connector"). It continues through Metropolitan Atlanta eastward and through the eastern half of Georgia until it exits the state, crossing the Savannah River at Augusta.
Throughout the state, I-20 is conjoined with unsigned State Route 402 (SR 402). Also, I-20 from the Alabama state line to I-285 in Atlanta is named the "Tom Murphy Freeway", but it is called the "Ralph David Abernathy Freeway" within I-285. The Interstate Highway is also named the Purple Heart Highway from I-285 in DeKalb County to US 441 in Madison, Georgia, and it is called the Carl Sanders Highway from US 441 to the South Carolina state line.
South Carolina[edit]
Main article: Interstate 20 in South Carolina
Approaching the eastern terminus of I-20 on I-95, Florence, SC
Upon leaving Augusta, I-20 crosses the Savannah River and enters the Palmetto State and heads northeastward, bypassing Aiken and Lexington before reaching the state capital of Columbia, which can be reached most directly by taking I-26 east at Exit 64 ("Malfunction Junction"), then, almost immediately, I-126 / US 76.
At Columbia, I-20 bypasses the city to the north and again turns northeastward, bypassing Fort Jackson and Camden. After crossing the Wateree River, it turns due east, passes by tiny Bishopville, before reaching the Florence area. It is near Florence where I-20 sees its eastern terminus at Interstate 95. However, for about two miles (3 km), the highway continues into Florence as Business Spur 20.
I-20 in the Palmetto State is known as either the J. Strom Thurmond Freeway or John C. West Freeway. The first section to be completed was the bridge over the Savannah River in 1965; the last, the section between US 401 and I-95 (including the business spur), opened in August 1975.
History[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (July 2016)
Exit numbers of I-20 were changed in Georgia in 2000.[3]
Future[edit]
In 2003, the North Carolina Department of Transportation proposed extending I-20 eastward from Florence to Wilmington at the behest of North Carolina Governor Mike Easley and his 'Strategic Transportation Plan' for the southeast portion of the state.[4][5] The proposed route would follow US 76 east from Florence to Whiteville, North Carolina, then parallel US 74 / US 76 into Wilmington.[6] Part of this route is already designated the future eastern extension of I-74. As part of the 2005 SAFETEA-LU transportation legislation, North Carolina received $5 million for a feasibility study for this extension.[4] While this extension has considerable support among towns in southeastern North Carolina, the South Carolina DOT has stated that they have no interest in upgrading their portion of US 76 to an interstate. Instead, South Carolina is concentrating their efforts on plans to build I-73 that will terminate near Myrtle Beach. This proposed extension has not been approved by the Federal Highway Administration or the AASHTO, so any construction remains far in the future, but NCDOT maintains the routing in its Strategic Highway Corridors maps.[7]
Junction list[edit]
Texas
I‑10 east-northeast of Kent
US 285 in Pecos
US 385 in Odessa
US 87 in Big Spring
US 84 east of Roscoe. The highways travel concurrently to the Tye–Abilene city line.
US 83 / US 277 in Abilene
US 283 in Baird
US 183 in Cisco
US 281 south-southeast of Brazos
US 180 in Hudson Oaks
I‑30 northeast of Aledo
I‑820 in Fort Worth
US 377 in Benbrook
I‑35W in Fort Worth
I‑820 / US 287 in Fort Worth. I-20/US 287 travels concurrently to Arlington.
US 67 in Dallas
I‑35E on the Dallas–Lancaster city line
I‑45 on the Dallas–Hutchins city line
US 175 on the Dallas–Balch Springs city line
I‑635 in Balch Springs
US 69 in Lindale
US 271 south-southeast of Winona
US 259 northeast of Kilgore. The highways travel concurrently to Longview.
Future I‑369 / US 59 in Marshall
US 80 west-southwest of Jonesville. The highways travel concurrently to west of Waskom.
Louisiana
US 79 / US 80 in Greenwood
US 80 in Shreveport
I‑220 in Shreveport
US 171 in Shreveport
US 79 / US 80 in Shreveport
I‑49 in Shreveport
US 71 in Shreveport. The highways travel concurrently to Bossier City.
I‑220 in Bossier City
US 371 in Dixie Inn. The highways travel concurrently to Minden.
US 80 southeast of Minden
US 63 / US 167 in Ruston
US 80 east-northeast of Calhoun
US 165 in Monroe
US 425 in Rayville
US 65 in Tallulah
US 80 in Delta. The highways travel concurrently to Clinton, Mississippi.
Mississippi
US 61 in Vicksburg. The highways travel concurrently through Vicksburg.
I‑220 / US 49 in Jackson. I-20/US 49 travels concurrently to Pearl.
I‑55 / US 51 in Jackson. I-20/I-55 travels concurrently to Richland
US 80 in Brandon
US 80 in Brandon
US 80 east-southeast of Lake
US 80 west-southwest of Meridian. The highways travel concurrently to Meridian.
I‑59 in Meridian. The highways travel concurrently to Birmingham.
US 11 in Meridian. The highways travel concurrenty through Meridian.
US 45 in Meridian
US 11 / US 80 west-northwest of Kewanee
Alabama
US 11 / US 43 south of Knoxville
I‑359 / US 11 in Tuscaloosa
US 82 in Tuscaloosa
US 11 in Tuscaloosa
US 11 in Tuscaloosa
US 11 south of Lake View. The highways travel concurrently to Bessemer.
I‑459 southwest of McCalla
US 78 in Birmingham
I‑65 in Birmingham
US 31 / US 280 in Birmingham
US 11 in Birmingham
I‑459 in Irondale
US 78 in Leeds
US 411 on the Leeds–Moody line
US 78 northwest of Cooks Springs. The highways travel concurrently to Pell City.
US 231 in Pell City
US 78 in Riverside
US 431 east of Oxford
Georgia
US 27 in Bremen
I‑285 in Atlanta
I‑75 / I‑85 in Atlanta
US 23 / US 19 / US 29 / US 41 in Atlanta
I‑285 on the Panthersville–Candler-McAfee CDP line
US 278 southeast of Lithonia. The highways travel concurrently to Covington.
US 278 in Social Circle
US 129 / US 441 in Madison
US 278 in Barnett
US 78 north of Thomson
US 221 south of Appling
I‑520 in Augusta
South Carolina
US 25 in North Augusta
I‑520 in North Augusta
US 1 north-northeast of Aiken
US 178 southeast of Batesburg-Leesville
US 1 east of Lexington
US 378 north of Oak Grove
I‑26 / US 76 on the Seven Oaks–St. Andrews CDP line
US 176 in St. Andrews
US 321 north of Columbia
US 21 in Columbia
US 1 in Dentsville
I‑77 on the Dentsville–Woodfield CDP line
US 601 in Lugoff
US 521 in Camden
US 15 southwest of Bishopville
US 401 northeast of Lamar
I‑95 in Florence
Auxiliary routes[edit]
Two I-420s were planned, but never completed or built. One was to be a bypass around Monroe, Louisiana, but was never built. The other I-420 was planned as a bypass to the south of downtown Atlanta. Due to anti-freeway sentiments, this I-420 was never completed, and the already-built portion has been signed as GA 154 / GA 166, named Langford Parkway (formerly the Lakewood Freeway).
Shreveport, Louisiana: I-220
Jackson, Mississippi: I-220
Augusta, Georgia: I-520
Fort Worth, Texas: I-820
See also[edit]
U.S. Roads portal
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Route Log and Finder List — Interstate System: Table 1". FHWA. Retrieved 2007-09-26.
Jump up ^ Google (2008-02-15). "Overview map of I‑20" (Map). Google Maps. Google. Retrieved 2008-02-15.
Jump up ^ "Interstate exit signs to get new numbers in Georgia". Jacksonville. Retrieved 17 January 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Robert Malme. "Interstate 20 in North Carolina?". I-73/I-74 in North Carolina. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
Jump up ^ "Strategic Highway Corridors". NCDOT. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
Jump up ^ "Strategic Highway Corridors Vision Plan" (PDF). Strategic Highway Corridors. NCDOT. 2008-07-10. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
Jump up ^ "Strategic Highway Corridors Vision Plan, Southeastern NC" (PDF). Strategic Highway Corridors. NCDOT. 2004-09-02. Retrieved 2009-07-07.
Georgia Department of Transportation, Office of Transportation Data (2003), Interstate Mileage Report (438 Report) (PDF), archived from the original (PDF) on February 18, 2006
External links[edit]
Route map: Google
KML file (edit • help)
Display on Google Maps
Template:Attached KML/Interstate 20
KML is from Wikidata
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Interstate 20.
I-20 on Interstate-Guide.com
Proposed I-20 extension in North Carolina
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OH–NJ
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OR–UT
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