text:
Symbol (chemistry)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
In relation to the chemical elements, a symbol is a code for a chemical element.[nb 1] Many functional groups has their own chemical symbol, e.g. Ph for the phenyl group, and Me for the methyl group. Chemical symbols for elements normally consist of one or two letters from the Latin alphabet, but can contain three when the element has a systematic temporary name (as of March 2017, no discovered elements have such a name), and are written with the first letter capitalized.
Earlier chemical element symbols stem from classical Latin and Greek vocabulary. For some elements, this is because the material was known in ancient times, while for others, the name is a more recent invention. For example, "He" is the symbol for helium (New Latin name, not known in ancient Roman times), "Pb" for lead (plumbum in Latin), and "Hg" for mercury (hydrargyrum in Greek). Some symbols come from other sources, like "W" for tungsten (Wolfram in German, not known in Roman times).
Temporary symbols assigned to newly or not-yet synthesized elements use 3-letter symbols based on their atomic numbers. For example, "Uno" was the temporary symbol for hassium (element 108) which had the temporary name of unniloctium.
Chemical symbols may be modified by the use of prepended superscripts or subscripts to specify a particular isotope of an atom. Additionally, appended superscripts may be used to indicate the ionization or oxidation state of an element. They are widely used in chemistry and they have been officially chosen by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). There are also some historical symbols that are no longer officially used.
This is an example of an atomic symbol. The text boxes explain where the numbers are derived from.
Attached subscripts or superscripts specifying a nucleotide or molecule have the following meanings and positions:
The nucleon number (mass number) is shown in the left superscript position (e.g., 14N). This number defines the specific isotope. Various letters, such as "m" and "f" may also be used here to indicate a nuclear isomer (e.g., 99mTc). Alternately, the number here can represent a specific spin state (e.g., 1O2). These details can be omitted if not relevant in a certain context.
The proton number (atomic number) may be indicated in the left subscript position (e.g., 64Gd). The atomic number is redundant to the chemical element, but is sometimes used to emphasize the change of numbers of nucleons in a nuclear reaction.
If necessary, a state of ionization or an excited state may be indicated in the right superscript position (e.g., state of ionization Ca2+).
The number of atoms of an element in a molecule or chemical compound is shown in the right subscript position (e.g., N2 or Fe2O3). If this number is one, it is normally omitted - the number one is then implicit.
A radical is indicated by a dot on the right side (e.g., Cl• for a neutral chlorine atom). This is often omitted unless relevant to a certain context because it is already deducible from the charge and atomic number information values.
In Chinese each chemical element has a dedicated character, usually created for the purpose (see Chemical elements in East Asian languages). However, Latin symbols are also used, especially in formulas.
The periodic table, elements being denoted by their symbols
A list of current, dated, as well as proposed and historical signs and symbols is included here with its signification. Also given is each element's atomic number, atomic weight or the atomic mass of the most stable isotope, group and period numbers on the periodic table, and etymology of the symbol.
Hazard pictographs are another type of symbols used in chemistry.
Contents
[hide]
1 Symbols for chemical elements
2 Symbols and names not currently used
2.1 Pictographic symbols
3 Symbols for named isotopes
4 Other symbols
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
Symbols for chemical elements[edit]
[hide]List of chemical elements
Z[I]
Symbol
Element
Origin of name[1][2]
Group
Period
Atomic weight[3][4] (u (±))
Density (g/cm3)
Melt (K) [5]
Boil (K)
C[I] (J/g · K)
χ[I]
Abundance in Earth's crust[II] (mg/kg)
1 H Hydrogen composed of the Greek elements hydro- and -gen meaning 'water-forming' 1 1 001 !1.008[III][IV][V][VI] 0.00008988 0014 !14.01 20.28 14.304 2.20 1400
2 He Helium the Greek helios, 'sun' 18 1 004 !4.002602(2)[III][V] 0.0001785 0.1 !—[VII] 4.22 5.193 – 0.008
3 Li Lithium the Greek lithos, 'stone' 1 2 007 !6.94[III][IV][V][VIII][VI] 0.534 0454 !453.69 1560 3.582 0.98 20
4 Be Beryllium beryl, a mineral 2 2 009 !9.0121831(5) 1.85 1560 !1560 2742 1.825 1.57 2.8
5 B Boron borax, a mineral 13 2 011 !10.81[III][IV][V][VI] 2.34 2349 !2349 4200 1.026 2.04 10
6 C Carbon the Latin carbo, 'coal' 14 2 012 !12.011[III][V][VI] 2.267 3800 !3800 4300 0.709 2.55 200
7 N Nitrogen the Greek nitron and '-gen' meaning 'niter-forming' 15 2 014 !14.007[III][V][VI] 0.0012506 0063 !63.15 77.36 1.04 3.04 19
8 O Oxygen from the Greek oxy-, both 'sharp' and 'acid', and -gen, meaning 'acid-forming' 16 2 016 !15.999[III][V][VI] 0.001429 0054 !54.36 90.20 0.918 3.44 461000
9 F Fluorine the Latin fluere, 'to flow' 17 2 019 !18.998403163(6) 0.001696 0053.5 !53.53 85.03 0.824 3.98 585
10 Ne Neon the Greek neos, meaning 'new' 18 2 020 !20.1797(6)[III][IV] 0.0008999 0024.56 !24.56 27.07 1.03 – 0.005
11 Na Sodium the English word soda (natrium in Latin) 1 3 023 !22.98976928(2) 0.971 0371 !370.87 1156 1.228 0.93 23600
12 Mg Magnesium Magnesia, a district of Eastern Thessaly in Greece 2 3 024 !24.305[VI] 1.738 0923 !923 1363 1.023 1.31 23300
13 Al Aluminium from alumina, a compound (originally aluminum) 13 3 027 !26.9815385(7) 2.698 0933.5 !933.47 2792 0.897 1.61 82300
14 Si Silicon from the Latin silex, 'flint' (originally silicium) 14 3 028 !28.085[V][VI] 2.3296 1687 !1687 3538 0.705 1.9 282000
15 P Phosphorus the Greek phoosphoros, 'carrying light' 15 3 031 !30.973761998(5) 1.82 0317.3 !317.30 550 0.769 2.19 1050
16 S Sulfur the Latin sulphur, 'fire and brimstone' 16 3 032 !32.06[III][V][VI] 2.067 0388.4 !388.36 717.87 0.71 2.58 350
17 Cl Chlorine the Greek chloros, 'greenish yellow' 17 3 035 !35.45[III][IV][V][VI] 0.003214 0171.6 !171.6 239.11 0.479 3.16 145
18 Ar Argon the Greek argos, 'idle' 18 3 040 !39.948(1)[III][V] 0.0017837 0083.8 !83.80 87.30 0.52 – 3.5
19 K Potassium New Latin potassa, 'potash' (kalium in Latin) 1 4 039 !39.0983(1) 0.862 0336.5 !336.53 1032 0.757 0.82 20900
20 Ca Calcium the Latin calx, 'lime' 2 4 041 !40.078(4)[III] 1.54 1115 !1115 1757 0.647 1 41500
21 Sc Scandium Scandia, the Latin name for Scandinavia 3 4 045 !44.955908(5) 2.989 1814 !1814 3109 0.568 1.36 22
22 Ti Titanium Titans, the sons of the Earth goddess of Greek mythology 4 4 048 !47.867(1) 4.54 1941 !1941 3560 0.523 1.54 5650
23 V Vanadium Vanadis, an Old Norse name for the Scandinavian goddess Freyja 5 4 051 !50.9415(1) 6.11 2183 !2183 3680 0.489 1.63 120
24 Cr Chromium the Greek chroma, 'color' 6 4 052 !51.9961(6) 7.15 2180 !2180 2944 0.449 1.66 102
25 Mn Manganese corrupted from magnesia negra, see Magnesium 7 4 055 !54.938044(3) 7.44 1519 !1519 2334 0.479 1.55 950
26 Fe Iron English word (ferrum in Latin) 8 4 056 !55.845(2) 7.874 1811 !1811 3134 0.449 1.83 56300
27 Co Cobalt the German word Kobold, 'goblin' 9 4 059 !58.933194(4) 8.86 1768 !1768 3200 0.421 1.88 25
28 Ni Nickel from a mischievous sprite of German miner mythology , Nickel 10 4 058 !58.6934(4) 8.912 1728 !1728 3186 0.444 1.91 84
29 Cu Copper English word (Latin cuprum) 11 4 064 !63.546(3)[V] 8.96 1357.77 2835 0.385 1.9 60
30 Zn Zinc German word Zinke (prong, tooth) 12 4 065 !65.38(2) 7.134 0693 !692.88 1180 0.388 1.65 70
31 Ga Gallium Gallia, the Latin name for France 13 4 070 !69.723(1) 5.907 0302.9 !302.9146 2673 0.371 1.81 19
32 Ge Germanium Germania, the Latin name for Germany 14 4 073 !72.630(8) 5.323 1211.40 3106 0.32 2.01 1.5
33 As Arsenic English word (Latin arsenicum) 15 4 075 !74.921595(6) 5.776 1090 !1090 [IX] 887 0.329 2.18 1.8
34 Se Selenium the Greek selene, 'moon' 16 4 079 !78.971(8)[V] 4.809 0453 !453 958 0.321 2.55 0.05
35 Br Bromine the Greek bromos, 'stench' 17 4 080 !79.904[VI] 3.122 0265.8 !265.8 332.0 0.474 2.96 2.4
36 Kr Krypton the Greek kryptos, 'hidden' 18 4 084 !83.798(2)[III][IV] 0.003733 0115.8 !115.79 119.93 0.248 3 .0001 !1×10−4
37 Rb Rubidium the Latin rubidus, 'deep red' 1 5 085 !85.4678(3)[III] 1.532 0312.5 !312.46 961 0.363 0.82 90
38 Sr Strontium Strontian, a small town in Scotland 2 5 087 !87.62(1)[III][V] 2.64 1050 1655 0.301 0.95 370
39 Y Yttrium Ytterby, Sweden 3 5 089 !88.90584(2) 4.469 1799 3609 0.298 1.22 33
40 Zr Zirconium Persian Zargun, 'gold-colored'; German Zirkoon, 'jargoon' 4 5 091 !91.224(2)[III] 6.506 2128 4682 0.278 1.33 165
41 Nb Niobium Niobe, daughter of king Tantalus from Greek mythology 5 5 093 !92.90637(2) 8.57 2750 5017 0.265 1.6 20
42 Mo Molybdenum the Greek molybdos meaning 'lead' 6 5 096 !95.95(1)[III] 10.22 2896 4912 0.251 2.16 1.2
43 Tc Technetium the Greek tekhnètos meaning 'artificial' 7 5 098 ![98][X] 11.5 2430 4538 – 1.9 .000000003 !~ 3×10−9[XI]
44 Ru Ruthenium Ruthenia, the New Latin name for Russia 8 5 101.07(2)[III] 12.37 2607 4423 0.238 2.2 0.001
45 Rh Rhodium the Greek rhodos, meaning 'rose coloured' 9 5 102.90550(2) 12.41 2237 3968 0.243 2.28 0.001
46 Pd Palladium the then recently discovered asteroid Pallas, considered a planet at the time 10 5 106.42(1)[III] 12.02 1828.05 3236 0.244 2.2 0.015
47 Ag Silver English word (argentum in Latin) 11 5 107.8682(2)[III] 10.501 1234.93 2435 0.235 1.93 0.075
48 Cd Cadmium the New Latin cadmia, from King Kadmos 12 5 112.414(4)[III] 8.69 0594.22 !594.22 1040 0.232 1.69 0.159
49 In Indium indigo 13 5 114.818(1) 7.31 0429.75 !429.75 2345 0.233 1.78 0.25
50 Sn Tin English word (stannum in Latin) 14 5 118.710(7)[III] 7.287 0505.08 !505.08 2875 0.228 1.96 2.3
51 Sb Antimony uncertain: perhaps from the Greek anti, 'against', and monos, 'alone', or the Old French antimoine, 'Monk's bane' (stibium in Latin) 15 5 121.760(1)[III] 6.685 0903.78 !903.78 1860 0.207 2.05 0.2
52 Te Tellurium Latin tellus, 'earth' 16 5 127.60(3)[III] 6.232 0722.66 !722.66 1261 0.202 2.1 0.001
53 I Iodine French iode (after the Greek ioeides, 'violet') 17 5 126.90447(3) 4.93 0386.85 !386.85 457.4 0.214 2.66 0.45
54 Xe Xenon the Greek xenos, 'strange' 18 5 131.293(6)[III][IV] 0.005887 0161.4 !161.4 165.03 0.158 2.6 .00003 !3×10−5
55 Cs Caesium the Latin caesius, 'sky blue' 1 6 132.90545196(6) 1.873 0301.59 !301.59 944 0.242 0.79 3
56 Ba Barium the Greek barys, 'heavy' 2 6 137.327(7) 3.594 1000 2170 0.204 0.89 425
57 La Lanthanum the Greek lanthanein, 'to lie hidden' 3 6 138.90547(7)[III] 6.145 1193 3737 0.195 1.1 39
58 Ce Cerium the then recently discovered asteroid Ceres, considered a planet at the time 6 140.116(1)[III] 6.77 1068 3716 0.192 1.12 66.5
59 Pr Praseodymium the Greek praseios didymos meaning 'green twin' 6 140.90766(2) 6.773 1208 3793 0.193 1.13 9.2
60 Nd Neodymium the Greek neos didymos meaning 'new twin' 6 144.242(3)[III] 7.007 1297 3347 0.19 1.14 41.5
61 Pm Promethium Prometheus of Greek mythology who stole fire from the Gods and gave it to humans 6 145 ![145][X] 7.26 1315 3273 – 1.13 .0000000000000000002 !2×10−19[XI]
62 Sm Samarium Samarskite, the name of the mineral from which it was first isolated 6 150.36(2)[III] 7.52 1345 2067 0.197 1.17 7.05
63 Eu Europium Europe 6 151.964(1)[III] 5.243 1099 1802 0.182 1.2 2
64 Gd Gadolinium Johan Gadolin, chemist, physicist and mineralogist 6 157.25(3)[III] 7.895 1585 3546 0.236 1.2 6.2
65 Tb Terbium Ytterby, Sweden 6 158.92535(2) 8.229 1629 3503 0.182 1.2 1.2
66 Dy Dysprosium the Greek dysprositos, 'hard to get' 6 162.500(1)[III] 8.55 1680 2840 0.17 1.22 5.2
67 Ho Holmium Holmia, the New Latin name for Stockholm 6 164.93033(2) 8.795 1734 2993 0.165 1.23 1.3
68 Er Erbium Ytterby, Sweden 6 167.259(3)[III] 9.066 1802 3141 0.168 1.24 3.5
69 Tm Thulium Thule, the ancient name for Scandinavia 6 168.93422(2) 9.321 1818 2223 0.16 1.25 0.52
70 Yb Ytterbium Ytterby, Sweden 6 173.045(10)[III] 6.965 1097 1469 0.155 1.1 3.2
71 Lu Lutetium Lutetia, the Latin name for Paris 6 174.9668(1)[III] 9.84 1925 3675 0.154 1.27 0.8
72 Hf Hafnium Hafnia, the New Latin name for Copenhagen 4 6 178.49(2) 13.31 2506 4876 0.144 1.3 3
73 Ta Tantalum King Tantalus, father of Niobe from Greek mythology 5 6 180.94788(2) 16.654 3290 5731 0.14 1.5 2
74 W Tungsten the Swedish tung sten, 'heavy stone' (W is wolfram, the old name of the tungsten mineral wolframite) 6 6 183.84(1) 19.25 3695 5828 0.132 2.36 1.3
75 Re Rhenium Rhenus, the Latin name for the river Rhine 7 6 186.207(1) 21.02 3459 5869 0.137 1.9 .0007 !7×10−4
76 Os Osmium the Greek osmè, meaning 'smell' 8 6 190.23(3)[III] 22.61 3306 5285 0.13 2.2 0.002
77 Ir Iridium Iris, the Greek goddess of the rainbow 9 6 192.217(3) 22.56 2719 4701 0.131 2.2 0.001
78 Pt Platinum the Spanish platina, meaning 'little silver' 10 6 195.084(9) 21.46 2041.4 4098 0.133 2.28 0.005
79 Au Gold English word (aurum in Latin) 11 6 196.966569(5) 19.282 1337.33 3129 0.129 2.54 0.004
80 Hg Mercury the New Latin name mercurius, named after the Roman god (Hg from former name hydrargyrum, from Greek hydr-, 'water', and argyros, 'silver') 12 6 200.592(3) 13.5336 0234.43 !234.43 629.88 0.14 2 0.085
81 Tl Thallium the Greek thallos, 'green twig' 13 6 204.38[VI] 11.85 0577 !577 1746 0.129 1.62 0.85
82 Pb Lead English word (plumbum in Latin) 14 6 207.2(1)[III][V] 11.342 0600.61 !600.61 2022 0.129 1.87 14
83 Bi Bismuth Uncertain, possibly Arabic or German 15 6 208.98040(1)[X] 9.807 0544.7 !544.7 1837 0.122 2.02 0.009
84 Po Polonium Named after the home country of Marie Curie (Polonia, Latin for Poland), who is also the discoverer of Radium 16 6 209 ![209][X] 9.32 0527 !527 1235 – 2.0 .0000000002 !2×10−10[XI]
85 At Astatine the Greek astatos, 'unstable' 17 6 210 ![210][X] 7 0575 !575 610 – 2.2 0.000000000000000000003 !3×10−20[XI]
86 Rn Radon From radium, as it was first detected as an emission from radium during radioactive decay 18 6 222 ![222][X] 0.00973 0202 !202 211.3 0.094 2.2 .0000000000004 !4×10−13[XI]
87 Fr Francium Francia, the New Latin name for France 1 7 223 ![223][X] 1.87 0300 !300 950 – 0.7 0.000000000000000001 !~ 1×10−18[XI]
88 Ra Radium the Latin radius, 'ray' 2 7 223 ![226][X] 5.5 0973 !973 2010 0.094 0.9 .0000009 !9×10−7[XI]
89 Ac Actinium the Greek aktis, 'ray' 3 7 227 ![227][X] 10.07 1323 3471 0.12 1.1 .00000000055 !5.5×10−10[XI]
90 Th Thorium Thor, the Scandinavian god of thunder 7 232.0377(4)[X][III] 11.72 2115 5061 0.113 1.3 9.6
91 Pa Protactinium the Greek protos, 'first', and actinium, which is produced through the radioactive decay of protactinium 7 231.03588(2)[X] 15.37 1841 4300 – 1.5 .0000014 !1.4×10−6[XI]
92 U Uranium Uranus, the seventh planet in the Solar System 7 238.02891(3)[X] 18.95 1405.3 4404 0.116 1.38 2.7
93 Np Neptunium Neptune, the eighth planet in the Solar System 7 237 ![237][X] 20.45 0917 !917 4273 – 1.36 0.000000000003 !≤ 3×10−12[XI]
94 Pu Plutonium Pluto, a dwarf planet in the Solar System (then considered the ninth planet) 7 244 ![244][X] 19.84 0912.5 !912.5 3501 – 1.28 0.00000000003 !≤ 3×10−11[XI]
95 Am Americium The Americas, as the element was first synthesized on the continent, by analogy with europium 7 243 ![243][X] 13.69 1449 2880 – 1.13 0 !0[XII]
96 Cm Curium Pierre Curie, a physicist, and Marie Curie, a physicist and chemist, named after great scientists by analogy with gadolinium 7 247 ![247][X] 13.51 1613 3383 – 1.28 0 !0[XII]
97 Bk Berkelium Berkeley, California, where the element was first synthesized, by analogy with terbium 7 247 ![247][X] 14.79 1259 2900 – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
98 Cf Californium California, where the element was first synthesized 7 251 ![251][X] 15.1 1173 1743 !(1743)[XIII] – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
99 Es Einsteinium Albert Einstein, physicist 7 252 ![252][X] 8.84 1133 1269 !(1269)[XIII] – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
100 Fm Fermium Enrico Fermi, physicist 7 257 ![257][X] 9.7 !(9.7)[XIII] 1125 !(1125)[XIII] – – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
101 Md Mendelevium Dmitri Mendeleev, chemist and inventor 7 258 ![258][X] 10.3 !(10.3)[XIII] 1100 !(1100)[XIII] – – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
102 No Nobelium Alfred Nobel, chemist, engineer, innovator, and armaments manufacturer 7 259 ![259][X] 9.9 !(9.9)[XIII] 1100 !(1100)[XIII] – – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
103 Lr Lawrencium Ernest O. Lawrence, physicist 7 266 ![266][X] 15.6 !(15.6)[XIII] 1900 !(1900)[XIII] – – 1.3 0 !0[XII]
104 Rf Rutherfordium Ernest Rutherford, chemist and physicist 4 7 267 ![267][X] 23.2 !(23.2)[XIII] 2400 !(2400)[XIII] 5800 !(5800)[XIII] – – 0 !0[XII]
105 Db Dubnium Dubna, Russia 5 7 268 ![268][X] 29.3 !(29.3)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
106 Sg Seaborgium Glenn T. Seaborg, scientist 6 7 269 ![269][X] 35.0 !(35.0)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
107 Bh Bohrium Niels Bohr, physicist 7 7 270 ![270][X] 37.1 !(37.1)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
108 Hs Hassium Hesse, Germany, where the element was first synthesized 8 7 277 ![277][X] 40.7 !(40.7)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
109 Mt Meitnerium Lise Meitner, physicist 9 7 278 ![278][X] 37.4 !(37.4)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
110 Ds Darmstadtium Darmstadt, Germany, where the element was first synthesized 10 7 281 ![281][X] 34.8 !(34.8)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
111 Rg Roentgenium Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen, physicist 11 7 282 ![282][X] 28.7 !(28.7)[XIII] – – – – 0 !0[XII]
112 Cn Copernicium Nicolaus Copernicus, astronomer 12 7 285 ![285][X] 23.7 !(23.7)[XIII] – 357 !~357[XIV] – – 0 !0[XII]
113 Nh Nihonium the Japanese name for Japan, Nihon, where the element was first synthesized 13 7 286 ![286][X] 16 !(16)[XIII] 0700 !(700)[XIII] 1400 !(1400)[XIII] – – 0 !0[XII]
114 Fl Flerovium Flerov Laboratory of Nuclear Reactions, part of JINR where the element was synthesized; itself named for Georgy Flyorov, physicist 14 7 289 ![289][X] 14 !(14)[XIII] – 210 !~210 – – 0 !0[XII]
115 Mc Moscovium Moscow Oblast, Russia, where the element was first synthesized 15 7 290 ![290][X] 13.5 !(13.5)[XIII] 0700 !(700)[XIII] 1400 !(1400)[XIII] – – 0 !0[XII]
116 Lv Livermorium Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory (in Livermore, California) which collaborated with JINR on its synthesis 16 7 293 ![293][X] 12.9 !(12.9)[XIII] 0709 !(709)[XIII] 1085 !(1085)[XIII] – – 0 !0[XII]
117 Ts Tennessine Tennessee, United States 17 7 294 ![294][X] 7.2 !(7.2)[XIII] 0723 !(723)[XIII] 0883 !(883)[XIII] – – 0 !0[XII]
118 Og Oganesson Yuri Oganessian, physicist 18 7 294 ![294][X] 5.0 !(5.0)[XIII][XV] – 350 !(350)[XIII] – – 0 !0[XII]
[show]
Notes
^ Jump up to: a b c Z is the standard symbol for atomic number; C is the standard symbol for heat capacity; and χ is the standard symbol for electronegativity on the Pauling scale.
Jump up ^ Unless otherwise indicated, elements are primordial – they occur naturally, and not through decay.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al The isotopic composition of this element varies in some geological specimens, and the variation may exceed the uncertainty stated in the table.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g The isotopic composition of the element can vary in commercial materials, which can cause the atomic weight to deviate significantly from the given value.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o The isotopic composition varies in terrestrial material such that a more precise atomic weight can not be given.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l The value listed is the conventional atomic-weight value suitable for trade and commerce. The actual value may differ depending on the isotopic composition of the sample. Since 2009, IUPAC provides the standard atomic-weight values for these elements using the interval notation. The corresponding standard atomic weights are:
Hydrogen: [1.00784, 1.00811]
Lithium: [6.938, 6.997]
Boron: [10.806, 10.821]
Carbon: [12.0096, 12.0116]
Nitrogen: [14.00643, 14.00728]
Oxygen: [15.99903, 15.99977]
Magnesium: [24.304, 24.307]
Silicon: [28.084, 28.086]
Sulfur: [32.059, 32.076]
Chlorine: [35.446, 35.457]
Bromine: [79.901, 79.907]
Thallium: [204.382, 204.385]
Jump up ^ This element does not solidify at a pressure of one atmosphere. Helium can only solidify at pressures above 25 atmospheres, which corresponds to a melting point of absolute zero.
Jump up ^ The atomic weight of commercial lithium can vary between 6.939 and 6.996—analysis of the specific material is necessary to find a more accurate value.
Jump up ^ This element sublimes at one atmosphere of pressure.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al The element does not have any stable nuclides, and a value in brackets, e.g. [209], indicates the mass number of the longest-lived isotope of the element. However, four such elements, bismuth, thorium, protactinium, and uranium, have characteristic terrestrial isotopic compositions, and thus their standard atomic weights are given.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k This element is transient – it occurs only through decay.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x This element is synthetic – the transuranic elements 95 and above do not occur naturally, but they can all be produced artificially.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj The value has not been precisely measured, usually because of the element's short half-life; the value given in parentheses is a prediction.
Jump up ^ With error bars: 357+112
−108 K.
Jump up ^ This predicted value is for liquid oganesson, not gaseous oganesson.
Background color shows subcategory in the metal–metalloid–nonmetal trend:
Metal Metalloid Nonmetal Unknown
chemical
properties
Alkali metal Alkaline earth metal Lanthanide Actinide Transition metal Post-transition metal Polyatomic nonmetal Diatomic nonmetal Noble gas
Antimatter atoms are denoted by a bar above the symbol for their matter counterpart, so e.g. H is the symbol for antihydrogen.
Symbols and names not currently used[edit]
The following is a list of symbols and names formerly used or suggested for elements, including symbols for placeholder names and names given by discredited claimants for discovery.
Chemical symbol
Name
Atomic number
Origin of symbol
Why not used
Refs
A Argon 18 A used for Argon until 1957. Current symbol is Ar. [nb 2] [6]
Ab Alabamine 85 Discredited claim to discovery of astatine. [nb 3] [7]
Ad Aldebaranium 70 Former name for ytterbium. [nb 3]
Am Alabamium 85 Discredited claim to discovery of astatine. The symbol is now used for americium. [nb 3] [7]
An Athenium 99 Proposed name for einsteinium. [nb 4]
Ao Ausonium 93 Discredited claim to discovery of neptunium. [nb 3] [7]
Az Azote 7 Former name for nitrogen. [nb 2]
Bo Boron 5 Current symbol is B. [nb 2]
Bv Brevium 91 Former name for protactinium. [nb 2]
Bz Berzelium Baskerville wrongly believed berzelium to be a new element. Was actually thorium. [nb 4] [8]
Cb Columbium 41 Former name for niobium. [nb 2] [7][8]
Ch Chromium 24 Current symbol is Cr. [nb 2]
Cl Columbium 41 Former name for niobium. The symbol is now used for chlorine. [nb 2]
Cn Carolinium Baskerville wrongly believed carolinium to be a new element. Was actually thorium. The symbol is now used for copernicium. [8]
Cp Cassiopeium 71 Former name for lutetium. [nb 2]
Cp Copernicium 112 Current symbol is Cn. [nb 2]
Ct Celtium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. [nb 3]
Ct Centurium 100 Proposed name for fermium. [nb 4]
D Didymium Mixture of the elements praseodymium and neodymium. Mosander wrongly believed didymium to be an element. [9]
Da Davyum 43 Discredited claim to discovery of technetium. [nb 3] [7]
Db Dubnium 104 Proposed name for rutherfordium. The symbol and name were instead used for element 105. [nb 2][nb 4] [7]
Di Didymium Mixture of the elements praseodymium and neodymium. Mosander wrongly believed didymium to be an element. [9]
Ds Dysprosium 66 Current symbol is Dy. The symbol is now used for darmstadtium. [nb 2]
E Einsteinium 99 Current symbol is Es. [nb 2]
E Erbium 68 Current symbol is Er. [nb 2]
Ea Ekaaluminium 31 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, gallium closely matched the prediction. [nb 4][nb 5]
Eb Ekaboron 21 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, scandium closely matched the prediction. [nb 4][nb 5] [7]
El Ekaaluminium 31 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, gallium closely matched the prediction. [nb 4][nb 5] [7]
Em Ekamanganese 43 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, technetium closely matched the prediction. [nb 4][nb 5] [7]
Em Emanation 86 Also called "radium emanation", the name was originally given by Friedrich Ernst Dorn in 1900. In 1923, this element officially became radon (the name given at one time to 222Rn, an isotope identified in the decay chain of radium). [nb 2] [7]
Em Emanium 89 Alternate name formerly proposed for actinium. [nb 4]
Es Ekasilicon 32 Name given by Mendeleev to an as of then undiscovered element. When discovered, germanium closely matched the prediction. The symbol is now used for einsteinium. [nb 4][nb 5] [7]
Es Esperium 94 Discredited claim to discovery of plutonium. The symbol is now used for einsteinium. [nb 3] [7]
Fa Francium 87 Current symbol is Fr. [nb 2]
Fl Florentium 61 Discredited claim to discovery of promethium. The symbol is now used for flerovium. [nb 3]
Fl Fluorine 9 Current symbol is F. The symbol is now used for flerovium. [nb 2]
Fr Florentium 61 Discredited claim to discovery of promethium. The symbol is now used for francium. [nb 3] [7]
G Glucinium 4 Former name for beryllium. [nb 2]
Gl Glucinium 4 Former name for beryllium. [nb 2] [7]
Ha Hahnium 105 Proposed name for dubnium. [nb 4]
Hn Hahnium 108 Proposed name for hassium. [nb 4] [7]
Hv Helvetium 85 Discredited claim to discovery of astatine. [nb 3] [8]
Hy Mercury 80 Hy from the Greek hydrargyrum for "liquid silver". Current symbol is Hg. [nb 2] [6]
I Iridium 77 Current symbol is Ir. The symbol is now used for iodine. [nb 2]
Il Illinium 61 Discredited claim to discovery of promethium. [nb 3] [7]
J Jodium 53 Former name for iodine. [nb 2]
Jg Jargonium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. [nb 3] [7]
Jl Joliotium 105 Proposed name for dubnium. [nb 4] [7]
Ka Potassium 19 Current symbol is K. [nb 2]
Ku Kurchatovium 104 Proposed name for rutherfordium. [nb 4] [7]
L Lithium 3 Current symbol is Li. [nb 2]
Lw Lawrencium 103 Current symbol is Lr. [nb 2]
M Muriaticum 17 Former name for chlorine. [nb 2]
Ma Manganese 25 Current symbol is Mn. [nb 2]
Ma Masurium 43 Disputed claim to discovery of technetium. [nb 3] [7]
Md Mendelevium 97 Proposed name for berkelium. The symbol and name were later used for element 101. [nb 2][nb 4]
Ml Moldavium 87 Discredited claim to discovery of francium. [nb 3] [8]
Ms Magnesium 12 Current symbol is Mg. [nb 2]
Ms Masrium 88 Discredited claim of discovery of radium. [nb 3]
Ms Masurium 43 Disputed claim to discovery of technetium. [nb 3]
Mv Mendelevium 101 Current symbol is Md. [nb 2]
Ng Norwegium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. [nb 3]
No Norium 72 Discredited claim to discovery of hafnium. The symbol is now used for nobelium. [nb 3]
Np Nipponium 43 Discredited claim to discovery of technetium. The symbol is now used for neptunium. [nb 3] [7]
Ns Nielsbohrium 105 Proposed name for dubnium. [nb 4] [7]
Ns Nielsbohrium 107 Proposed name for bohrium. [nb 4] [7]
Nt Niton 86 Former name for radon. [nb 2] [7]
Ny Neoytterbium 70 Former name for ytterbium. [nb 2]
P Lead 82 Current symbol is Pb. The symbol is now used for phosphorus. [nb 2]
Pa Palladium 46 Current symbol is Pd. The symbol is now used for protactinium. [nb 2]
Pe Pelopium 41 Former name for niobium. [nb 2]
Pl Palladium 46 Current symbol is Pd. [nb 2]
Po Potassium 19 Current symbol is K. The symbol is now used for polonium. [nb 2]
R Rhodium 45 Current symbol is Rh. [nb 2]
Rd Radium 88 Current symbol is Ra. [nb 2]
Rf Rutherfordium 106 Proposed name for seaborgium. The symbol and name were instead used for element 104. [nb 2][nb 4] [7]
Ro Rhodium 45 Current symbol is Rh. [nb 2]
Sa Samarium 62 Current symbol is Sm. [nb 2] [7]
So Sodium 11 Current symbol is Na. [nb 2]
St Antimony 51 Current symbol is Sb. [nb 2]
St Tin 50 Current symbol is Sn. [nb 2]
Tn Tungsten 74 Current symbol is W. [nb 2]
Tr Terbium 65 Current symbol is Tb. [nb 2]
Tu Thulium 69 Current symbol is Tm. [nb 2]
Tu Tungsten 74 Current symbol is W. [nb 2]
Unb Unnilbium 102 Temporary name given to nobelium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Une Unnilennium 109 Temporary name given to meitnerium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Unh Unnilhexium 106 Temporary name given to seaborgium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uno Unniloctium 108 Temporary name given to hassium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Unp Unnilpentium 105 Temporary name given to dubnium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Unq Unnilquadium 104 Temporary name given to rutherfordium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uns Unnilseptium 107 Temporary name given to bohrium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Unt Unniltrium 103 Temporary name given to lawrencium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Unu Unnilunium 101 Temporary name given to mendelevium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uub Ununbium 112 Temporary name given to copernicium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uuh Ununhexium 116 Temporary name given to livermorium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uun Ununnilium 110 Temporary name given to darmstadtium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uuo Ununoctium 118 Temporary name given to oganesson until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uup Ununpentium 115 Temporary name given to moscovium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uuq Ununquadium 114 Temporary name given to flerovium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uus Ununseptium 117 Temporary name given to tennessine until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uut Ununtrium 113 Temporary name given to nihonium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Uuu Unununium 111 Temporary name given to roentgenium until it was permanently named by IUPAC. [nb 5]
Ur Uranium 92 Current symbol is U. [nb 2]
Vi Virginium 87 Discredited claim to discovery of francium. [nb 3] [7]
Vm Virginium 87 Discredited claim to discovery of francium. [nb 3] [7]
Va Vanadium 23 Current symbol is V. [nb 2]
Wo Tungsten 74 Current symbol is W. [nb 2]
X Xenon 54 Current symbol is Xe. [nb 2]
Yt Yttrium 39 Current symbol is Y. [nb 2] [7]
Pictographic symbols[edit]
The following is a list of pictographic symbols employed to symbolize elements known since ancient times (for example to the alchemists). Not included in this list are symbolic representations of substances previously called elements (such as certain rare earth mineral blends and the classical elements fire and water of ancient philosophy) which are known today to be multi-atomic. Also not included are symbolic representations currently used for elements in other languages such as the Chinese characters for elements. Modern alphabetic notation was introduced in 1814 by Jöns Jakob Berzelius.
Chemical symbol
Original name
Modern name
Atomic number
Origin of symbol
☉ Hydrogen Hydrogen 1 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
⬤ Carbon Carbon 6 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
⦶ Azote Nitrogen 7 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
◯ Oxygen Oxygen 8 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
⦷ Soda Sodium 11 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
⊛ Magnesium Magnesium 12 Alchemical symbol.
Sulfur Sulfur 16 Alchemical symbol.
Pallas Sulfur 16 Alchemical symbol.
🜍 Sulfur Sulfur 16 Alchemical symbol.
ⴲ Sulfur Sulfur 16 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
♂ Mars Iron 26 Alchemical symbol.
Ⓘ Iron Iron 26 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
Stellae Fixae Copper 29 Pre–16th-century alchemical symbol.
♀ Venus Copper 29 Alchemical symbol.
Copper Copper 29 Alchemical symbol.
Ⓒ Copper Copper 29 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
Ⓩ Zinc Zinc 30 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
Arsenic Arsenic 33 Alchemical symbol.
🜺 Arsenic Arsenic 33 Alchemical symbol.
☽ Luna Silver 47 Alchemical symbol.
🜛 Silver Silver 47 Alchemical symbol.
Ⓢ Silver Silver 47 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
♃ Iupiter Tin 50 Alchemical symbol.
♁ Antimony Antimony 51 Alchemical symbol.
☉☾ Platinum Platinum 78 Alchemical symbol.
⛢ Uranus Platinum 78 Alchemical symbol.
☼ Sol Gold 79 Alchemical symbol from the 16th century.
☉ Sol Gold 79 Alchemical symbol from 1700 through 1783.
🜚 Gold Gold 79 Alchemical symbol.
♓ Pisces Mercury 80 Pre–16th-century alchemical symbol.
♆ Neptunus Mercury 80 Alchemical symbol from the 17th century.
☿ Mercurius Mercury 80 Alchemical symbol from 1700 through 1783.
♄ Saturnus Lead 82 Alchemical symbol circa 1783.
Ⓛ Lead Lead 82 Daltonian symbol circa 1808.
♉ Taurus Bismuth 83 Alchemical symbol.
Symbols for named isotopes[edit]
The following is a list of isotopes of elements given in the previous tables which have been designated unique symbols. By this it is meant that a comprehensive list of current systematic symbols (in the uAtom form) are not included in the list and can instead be found in the Isotope index chart. The symbols for the named isotopes of hydrogen, deuterium (D) and tritium (T) are still in use today. Heavy water and other deuterated solvents are commonly used in chemistry, and it is convenient to use a single character rather than a symbol with a subscript in these cases. The practice also continues with tritium compounds. When the name of the solvent is given, a lowercase d is sometimes used. For example, d6-benzene and C6D6 can be used instead of [2H6]C6H6.[10]
The symbols for isotopes of elements other than hydrogen are no longer in use within the scientific community. Many of these symbols were designated during the early years of radiochemistry, and several isotopes (namely those in the actinium decay family, the radium decay family, and the thorium decay family) bear placeholder names using the early naming system devised by Ernest Rutherford.[11]
Chemical symbol
Name
Atomic number
Origin of symbol
Ac Actinium 89 From the Greek aktinos. Name restricted at one time to 227Ac, an isotope of actinium. This named isotope later became the official name for element 89.
AcA Actinium A 84 From actinium and A. Placeholder name given at one time to 215Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of actinium.
AcB Actinium B 82 From actinium and B. Placeholder name given at one time to 211Pb, an isotope of lead identified in the decay chain of actinium.
AcC Actinium C 83 From actinium and C. Placeholder name given at one time to 211Bi, an isotope of bismuth identified in the decay chain of actinium.
AcC' Actinium C' 84 From actinium and C'. Placeholder name given at one time to 211Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of actinium.
AcC" Actinium C" 81 From actinium and C". Placeholder name given at one time to 207Tl, an isotope of thallium identified in the decay chain of actinium.
AcK Actinium K 87 Name given at one time to 223Fr, an isotope of francium identified in the decay chain of actinium.
AcU Actino-uranium 92 Name given at one time to 235U, an isotope of uranium.
AcX Actinium X 88 Name given at one time to 223Ra, an isotope of radium identified in the decay chain of actinium.
An Actinon 86 From actinium and emanation. Name given at one time to 219Rn, an isotope of radon identified in the decay chain of actinium.
D Deuterium 1 From the Greek deuteros. Name given to 2H.
Io Ionium 90 Name given to 230Th, an isotope of thorium identified in the decay chain of uranium.
MsTh1 Mesothorium 1 88 Name given at one time to 228Ra, an isotope of radium.
MsTh2 Mesothorium 2 89 Name given at one time to 228Ac, an isotope of actinium.
Pa Protactinium 91 From the Greek protos and actinium. Name restricted at one time to 231Pa, an isotope of protactinium. This named isotope later became the official name for element 91.
Ra Radium 88 From the Latin radius. Name restricted at one time to 226Ra, an isotope of radium. This named isotope later became the official name for element 88.
RaA Radium A 84 From radium and A. Placeholder name given at one time to 218Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaB Radium B 82 From radium and B. Placeholder name given at one time to 214Pb, an isotope of lead identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaC Radium C 83 From radium and C. Placeholder name given at one time to 214Bi, an isotope of bismuth identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaC' Radium C' 84 From radium and C'. Placeholder name given at one time to 214Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaC" Radium C" 81 From radium and C". Placeholder name given at one time to 210Tl, an isotope of thallium identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaD Radium D 82 From radium and D. Placeholder name given at one time to 210Pb, an isotope of lead identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaE Radium E 83 From radium and E. Placeholder name given at one time to 210Bi, an isotope of bismuth identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaE" Radium E" 81 From radium and E". Placeholder name given at one time to 206Tl, an isotope of thallium identified in the decay chain of radium.
RaF Radium F 84 From radium and F. Placeholder name given at one time to 210Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of radium.
RdAc Radioactinium 90 Name given at one time to 227Th, an isotope of thorium.
RdTh Radiothorium 90 Name given at one time to 228Th, an isotope of thorium.
Rn Radon 86 From radium and emanation. Name restricted at one time to 222Rn, an isotope of radon identified in the decay chain of radium. This named isotope later became the official name for element 86 in 1923.
T Tritium 1 From the Greek tritos. Name given to 3H.
Th Thorium 90 After Thor. Name restricted at one time to 232Th, an isotope of thorium. This named isotope later became the official name for element 90.
ThA Thorium A 84 From thorium and A. Placeholder name given at one time to 216Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of thorium.
ThB Thorium B 82 From thorium and B. Placeholder name given at one time to 212Pb, an isotope of lead identified in the decay chain of thorium.
ThC Thorium C 83 From thorium and C. Placeholder name given at one time to 212Bi, an isotope of bismuth identified in the decay chain of thorium.
ThC' Thorium C' 84 From thorium and C'. Placeholder name given at one time to 212Po, an isotope of polonium identified in the decay chain of thorium.
ThC" Thorium C" 81 From thorium and C". Placeholder name given at one time to 208Tl, an isotope of thallium identified in the decay chain of thorium.
ThX Thorium X 88 Name given at one time to 224Ra, an isotope of radium identified in the decay chain of thorium.
Tn Thoron 86 From thorium and emanation. Name given at one time to 220Rn, an isotope of radon identified in the decay chain of thorium.
UI Uranium I 92 Name given at one time to 238U, an isotope of uranium.
UII Uranium II 92 Name given at one time to 234U, an isotope of uranium.
UX1 Uranium X1 90 Name given at one time to 234Th, an isotope of thorium identified in the decay chain of uranium.
UX2 Uranium X2 91 Name given at one time to 234mPa, an isotope of protactinium identified in the decay chain of uranium.
UY Uranium Y 90 Name given at one time to 231Th, an isotope of thorium identified in the decay chain of uranium.
UZ Uranium Z 91 Name given at one time to 234Pa, an isotope of protactinium identified in the decay chain of uranium.
Other symbols[edit]
See also Skeletal formula § Pseudoelement symbols.
General:
An: any actinide
E: any element or electrophile
L: any ligand
Ln: any lanthanide
M: any metal
Mm: mischmetall (occasionally used)[12]
Ng: any noble gas (Rg is sometimes used, but that is also used for the element roentgenium: see above)
Nu: any nucleophile
R: any unspecified radical (moiety) not important to the discussion
St: steel (occasionally used)
X: any halogen
From organic chemistry:
Ac: acetyl – (also used for the element actinium: see above)
Ad: adamantyl
Ar: aryl – (also used for the element argon: see above)
Bn: benzyl
Bu: butyl
Bz: benzoyl
Cp: cyclopentadienyl
Cy: cyclohexyl
Et: ethyl
i-Pr, iPr, Pri: isopropyl
Me: methyl
Mes: mesityl (2,3,6-trimethylphenyl)
Ms: mesyl (methylsulfonyl)
Np: neopentyl – (also used for the element neptunium: see above)
Ph: phenyl
Pr: propyl – (also used for the element praseodymium: see above)
s-Bu: sec-butyl
R: In organic chemistry contexts, an unspecified "R" is often understood to be an alkyl group
t-Bu: tert-butyl
Tf: triflyl (trifluoromethanesulfonyl)
Tr: trityl (triphenylmethyl)
Ts (occasionally Tos): tosyl (para toluenesulfonyl) – (also used for the element tennessine: see above)
Exotic atoms:
Mu: muonium
Pn: protonium
Ps: positronium
See also[edit]
List of chemical elements naming controversies
List of elements
Nuclear notation
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ This should not be confused with formula. When a number is present at the bottom right corner of the symbol of the element, only then is it said to be a formula, but if the number is not present, it is a symbol.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba Name changed due to a standardization of, modernization of, or update to older formerly-used symbol.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u Name designated by discredited/disputed claimant.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r Name proposed prior to discovery/creation of element or prior to official re-naming of a placeholder name.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Temporary placeholder name.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Periodic Table – Royal Society of Chemistry". www.rsc.org.
Jump up ^ "Online Etymology Dictionary". etymonline.com.
Jump up ^ Wieser, Michael E.; et al. (2013). "Atomic weights of the elements 2011 (IUPAC Technical Report)". Pure Appl. Chem. IUPAC. 85 (5): 1047–1078. doi:10.1351/PAC-REP-13-03-02. (for standard atomic weights of elements)
Jump up ^ Sonzogni, Alejandro. "Interactive Chart of Nuclides". National Nuclear Data Center: Brookhaven National Laboratory. Retrieved 2008-06-06. (for atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers 103–118)
Jump up ^ Holman, S. W.; Lawrence, R. R.; Barr, L. (1 January 1895). "Melting Points of Aluminum, Silver, Gold, Copper, and Platinum". Proceedings of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. 31: 218–233. doi:10.2307/20020628.
^ Jump up to: a b Holden, N. E. (12 March 2004). "History of the Origin of the Chemical Elements and Their Discoverers". National Nuclear Data Center.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac Leal, João P. (2013). "The Forgotten Names of Chemical Elements". Foundations of Science. 19: 175–183. doi:10.1007/s10699-013-9326-y.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Fontani, Marco; Costa, Mariagrazia; Orna, Mary Virginia (2014). The Lost Elements: The Periodic Table's Shadow Side. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780199383344.
^ Jump up to: a b Praseodymium. was.chemistryexplained.com.
Jump up ^ IUPAC. "Isotopically Modified Compounds". IUPAC. Retrieved 31 March 2015.
Jump up ^ Morgan, G. T., ed. (1905). "Annual Reports on the Progress of Chemistry for 1904". Journal of the Chemical Society. Gurney & Jackson. 1: 268. In view of the extraordinarily complex nature of the later changes occurring in Radium, Rutherford has proposed a new and convenient system of nomenclature. The first product of the change of the radium emanation is named radium A, the next radium B, and so on.
Jump up ^ Jurczyk, M.; Rajewski, W.; Majchrzycki, W.; Wójcik, G. (1999-08-30). "Mechanically alloyed MmNi5-type materials for metal hydride electrodes". Journal of Alloys and Compounds. 290 (1–2): 262–266. doi:10.1016/S0925-8388(99)00202-9.
Element name etymologies. Retrieved July 15, 2005.
Atomic Weights of the Elements 2001, Pure Appl. Chem. 75(8), 1107–1122, 2003. Retrieved June 30, 2005. Atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers from 1–109 taken from this source.
IUPAC Standard Atomic Weights Revised (2005).
WebElements Periodic Table. Retrieved June 30, 2005. Atomic weights of elements with atomic numbers 110–116 taken from this source.
Lapp, Ralph E. Matter. Life Science Library. New York: Time, Inc. 1963.
Leighton, Robert B. Principles of Modern Physics. New York: McGraw-Hill. 1959.
Scerri, E.R. "The Periodic Table, Its Story and Its Significance". New York, Oxford University Press. 2007.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Symbol (chemistry).
Berzelius' List of Elements
History of IUPAC Atomic Weight Values (1883 to 1997)
American Chemical Society, Committee on Nomenclature, Terminology & Symbols
[show]
v
t
e
Periodic table
Periodic
table
forms
Standard
18-column
18-column, large cells
32-column, large cells
Alternative
Alternatives
Chemical Galaxy
Janet's left step table
Extended
Extension beyond the 7th period
Fricke model
large cells
Pyykkö model
Sets of
elements
By
periodic
table
structure
Groups
1 (Alkali metals)
2 (Alkaline earth metals)
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15 (Pnictogens)
16 (Chalcogens)
17 (Halogens)
18 (Noble gases)
Periods
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8+
Aufbau
Fricke
Pyykkö
Blocks
s-block
p-block
d-block
f-block
g-block
Aufbau principle
By
metallicity
Metals
Alkali metals
Alkaline earth metals
Lanthanides
Actinides
Superactinides
Eka-superactinides
Transition metals
Post-transition metals
Metalloids
Lists of metalloids by source
Dividing line
Nonmetals
Polyatomic nonmetals
Diatomic nonmetals
Noble gases
Other
sets
Nutritional elements
Platinum-group metals (PGM)
Rare-earth elements
Refractory metals
Precious metals
Coinage metals
Noble metal
Heavy metals
Native metals
Transuranium elements
Transactinide elements
Major actinides
Minor actinides
Elements
Lists
By: Abundance (in humans)
Atomic properties
Nuclear stability
Production
Symbol
Properties
Atomic weight
Crystal structure
Electron affinity
Electron configuration
Electronegativity
Allen
Pauling
Goldschmidt classification
Maximum valence
Data
pages
Abundance
Atomic radius
Boiling point
Critical point
Density
Elasticity
Electrical resistivity
Electron affinity
Electron configuration
Electronegativity
Hardness
Heat capacity
Heat of fusion
Heat of vaporization
Ionization energy
Melting point
Oxidation state
Speed of sound
Thermal conductivity
Thermal expansion coefficient
Vapor pressure
History
Element discoveries
Mendeleev's predictions
Naming
Etymology
controversies
places
scientists
in East Asia
See also
IUPAC
nomenclature
systematic element name
Trivial name
Dmitri Mendeleev
Book
Category
Chemistry Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Symbol_(chemistry)&oldid=812101926"
Categories:
Symbols
Chemical elements
Hidden categories:
Commons category with page title different than on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
Asturianu
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
فارسی
Fiji Hindi
Gaeilge
한국어
हिन्दी
Ilokano
Interlingua
Italiano
עברית
Kurdî
Latviešu
Lumbaart
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
ភាសាខ្មែរ
Plattdüütsch
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
සිංහල
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Soomaaliga
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
தமிழ்
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
Võro
Winaray
ייִדיש
Yorùbá
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 November 2017, at 01:09.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Chemical_elements
mw-redirect
Chemical elements

value: b

value: sup

value: p

values:
/wiki/Ancient_Roman
mw-redirect
Ancient Roman

values:
/wiki/Chinese_character
mw-redirect
Chinese character

values: Chemical elements in East Asian languages

values:
/wiki/Atomic_weight
mw-redirect
Atomic weight

values: Edit section: Symbols for chemical elements

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Atomic_mass_unit
mw-redirect
Atomic mass unit

values:
/wiki/Uncertainty_bracket_notation
mw-redirect
Uncertainty bracket notation

values: display:block; line-height:1em; margin:0 0.1em;

values: display:block; line-height:1em; margin:0 0.1em; border-top:1px solid;

values: display:inline-block; vertical-align:-0.5em; font-size:85%; text-align:center;

values:
/wiki/Specific_heat_capacity
mw-redirect
Specific heat capacity

values:
/wiki/The_Americas
mw-redirect
The Americas

values:
/wiki/State_of_California
mw-redirect
State of California

values:
/wiki/Ernest_O._Lawrence
mw-redirect
Ernest O. Lawrence

values:
/wiki/Wilhelm_Conrad_R%C3%B6ntgen
mw-redirect
Wilhelm Conrad Röntgen

values: mw-collapsible-content reflist mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns

values: display: none; list-style-type: upper-roman;

values: wikitable sortable collapsible jquery-tablesorter

values:
/wiki/Polyatomic_nonmetal
mw-redirect
Polyatomic nonmetal

values:
/wiki/Diatomic_nonmetal
mw-redirect
Diatomic nonmetal

values: width:100%; line-height:120%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; font-size:85%; background:#f8f8f8; margin:0;

values: Edit section: Symbols and names not currently used

values:
/wiki/Rare_earth_element
mw-redirect
Rare earth element

values: Chinese characters for elements (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/J%C3%B6ns_Jakob_Berzelius
mw-redirect
Jöns Jakob Berzelius

values:
/wiki/Mars_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Mars (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Venus_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Venus (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Moon_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Moon (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Jupiter_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Jupiter (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Uranus_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Uranus (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Sun_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Sun (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Mercury_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Mercury (astrology)

values:
/wiki/Saturn_(astrology)
mw-redirect
Saturn (astrology)

values: Edit section: Symbols for named isotopes

values:
/wiki/Table_of_nuclides_(complete)
mw-redirect
Table of nuclides (complete)

values:
/wiki/Deuterated_solvents
mw-redirect
Deuterated solvents

values:
/wiki/Double_prime
mw-redirect
Double prime

values:
/wiki/Emanation_(chemistry)
mw-redirect
Emanation (chemistry)

values:
/wiki/Polonium_210
mw-redirect
Polonium 210

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em;

values: List of chemical elements naming controversies

values:
/wiki/List_of_elements
mw-redirect
List of elements

values:
/wiki/Nuclear_notation
mw-redirect
Nuclear notation

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.rsc.org/periodic-table

values:
nofollow
external text
http://etymonline.com

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1351%2FPAC-REP-13-03-02

values:
nofollow
http://www.nndc.bnl.gov/chart/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.jstor.org/stable/20020628

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.2307%2F20020628

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1007%2Fs10699-013-9326-y

values:
nofollow
http://www.vanderkrogt.net/elements/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.webelements.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://membership.acs.org/N/NOME/
external text

values:
/wiki/Fricke_model
mw-redirect
Fricke model

values:
/wiki/Pyykk%C3%B6_model
mw-redirect
Pyykkö model

values: Template:Extended periodic table (by Aufbau, 50 columns, period 8)

values: Template:Extended periodic table (by Fricke, 52 columns, periods 8–9)

values: Template:Extended periodic table (by Pyykkö, 50 columns, periods 8–9)

values: Properties of metals, metalloids and nonmetals

values:
/wiki/List_of_metalloid_lists
mw-redirect
List of metalloid lists

values: Dividing line between metals and nonmetals

values: Template:Periodic table (nutritional elements)

values: List of elements by stability of isotopes

values: List of world production chemical elements

values: Template:Periodic table (electron affinities)

values: Periodic table (electron configurations)

values: Template:Periodic table (electronegativity by Allen scale)

values: Template:Periodic table (electronegativity by Pauling scale)

values: Atomic radii of the elements (data page)

values: Boiling points of the elements (data page)

values: Critical points of the elements (data page)

values: Elastic properties of the elements (data page)

values: Electrical resistivities of the elements (data page)

values: Electron configurations of the elements (data page)

values: Electronegativities of the elements (data page)

values: Heat capacities of the elements (data page)

values: Heats of fusion of the elements (data page)

values: Heats of vaporization of the elements (data page)

values: Ionization energies of the elements (data page)

values: Melting points of the elements (data page)

values: List of oxidation states of the elements

values: Speeds of sound of the elements (data page)

values: Thermal conductivities of the elements (data page)

values: Thermal expansion coefficients of the elements (data page)

values: Vapor pressures of the elements (data page)

values: Timeline of chemical element discoveries

values: List of chemical element name etymologies

values: List of places used in the names of chemical elements

values: List of scientists whose names are used in chemical element names

values: International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Commons category with page title different than on Wikidata

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Symbol_(chemistry)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: رمز كيميائي – Arabic

values: রাসায়নিক প্রতীক – Bangla

values: Сімвалы хімічных элементаў – Belarusian

values: Хімічны знак – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values: Χημικό σύμβολο – Greek

values: نشان شیمیایی – Persian

values: रासायनिक प्रतीक – Hindi

values: סמל כימי – Hebrew

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vegyjel
Vegyjel – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values: Хемиски симбол – Macedonian

values: പ്രതീകം (രസതന്ത്രം) – Malayalam

values: ਰਸਾਇਣਕ ਸੰਕੇਤ – Punjabi

values: និមិត្តសញ្ញាគីមី – Khmer

values: Символы химических элементов – Russian

values: රසායනික සංකේත – Sinhala

values: Хемијски симбол – Serbian

values: வேதிக் குறியீடு – Tamil

values: สัญลักษณ์ธาตุ – Thai

values: Хімічний знак – Ukrainian

values: כעמישער סימבאל – Yiddish

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Symbol_chemistry rootpage-Symbol_chemistry skin-vector action-view


text:
James Bond music
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The James Bond film series from Eon Productions has had numerous signature tracks over the years, many of which are now considered classic pieces of film music. The best known of these pieces of music is the ubiquitous "James Bond Theme." Other instrumental pieces, such as the "007 Theme" or "On Her Majesty's Secret Service", and various songs, such as Shirley Bassey's "Goldfinger", Paul McCartney's "Live and Let Die" or Carly Simon's "Nobody Does It Better", Sheena Easton's "For Your Eyes Only" and Duran Duran's "A View to a Kill" have also become identified with the series. "Skyfall" from Skyfall and "Writing's on the Wall" from Spectre each won the Academy Award for Best Original Song, the only two Bond songs to do so.
Contents
[hide]
1 "James Bond Theme"
2 "James Bond Is Back"
3 "007 Theme"
4 "Suspense" motif
5 Composers (Eon Productions)
6 Music from Eon Productions
6.1 Title themes
6.2 Secondary songs
6.3 Foreign songs
6.4 Additional music
7 Non-Eon Productions songs
7.1 Main title themes
7.2 Secondary songs
7.3 Foreign songs
7.4 Rejected songs
8 Unused songs
9 Cover versions and spin-offs
10 Video games
11 Novels
12 See also
13 References
14 External links
"James Bond Theme"[edit]
Main article: James Bond Theme
"James Bond Is Back"[edit]
The briefest of "James Bond themes", this composition started off the "Opening Titles" music of From Russia with Love. It was heard in the On Her Majesty's Secret Service film trailer. WLS (AM) used the theme in the mid-1960s for their secret agent radio serial "The Wild Adventures of Peter Fugitive" that appeared on "The Art Roberts Show".[1]
"007 Theme"[edit]
"007 Theme", not to be confused with the "James Bond Theme", is an adventure theme composed by John Barry in 1963 for the Bond film, From Russia with Love.[2] "The John Barry Seven" had pop chart hit with a cover version of Elmer Bernstein's theme to The Magnificent Seven that featured seven beats repeated throughout the theme. Barry used seven beats throughout the "007 Theme".
It became a secondary theme for the Bond films, being used throughout the series, primarily during action scenes. Here are its most notable appearances:
From Russia with Love — Played during the gypsy camp gunfight and also during Bond's theft of the Lektor decoder from the Russian embassy in Istanbul.
Thunderball — Featured briefly in climactic underwater fight and featuring on the film soundtrack album; a similar but different theme of seven beats is played when Bond runs from SPECTRE during a parade and during the climax.
You Only Live Twice — Played during the flight of "Little Nellie" before Bond battles four helicopters that attack him.
Diamonds Are Forever — Played during Bond's destruction of Blofeld's Headquarters.
Moonraker — Played during the Amazon River chase.
The theme has not been featured in its entirety in a Bond film since its use in Moonraker.
This piece of music was also used by Al Primo, the news director at KYW-TV in Philadelphia for its long-time theme to Eyewitness News, and was adopted by other Group W stations in Baltimore, Pittsburgh, Boston and San Francisco as well as other non-Group W stations, including WLS-TV in Chicago. The theme was also sampled by Big Audio Dynamite for the 1986 song "Sightsee M.C!"
"Suspense" motif[edit]
Like John Barry, David Arnold has left his own mark in the music of James Bond. In this case, he has established what can be called the "suspense motif", which is a descending, repetitive four-note motif that can be heard in most of the Bond films he has scored, starting with Tomorrow Never Dies. It is usually an underlying motif playing under the main melody, and is usually orchestrated with piano trills, high strings, horns, blaring trumpets, and an underlying snare drum. This motif can be heard in:
Tomorrow Never Dies — "Station Break", "*-3-Send", "Underwater Discovery"
The World Is Not Enough — "Pipeline", "Submarine"
Die Another Day — "Death of Moon", "Antonov"
Casino Royale — "Miami International", "Dirty Martini", and very briefly in "African Rundown"
Composers (Eon Productions)[edit]
The largest contributions to the Bond films, save for the "James Bond Theme", are works from John Barry. In addition to his uncredited contribution to Dr. No, Barry composed eleven Bond soundtracks and is credited with the creation of "007" (dominated by brass and percussion) and the popular orchestral theme from On Her Majesty's Secret Service.
Next to Barry, David Arnold is the series' most regular composer. He composed the scores for five Bond films: Tomorrow Never Dies through Quantum of Solace. His Barry-esque orchestrations combined with electronic rhythm elements gave the Pierce Brosnan era its musical identity. Arnold was essentially Barry's anointed successor, Barry having recommended Arnold to Barbara Broccoli when she took over the Bond films from her father Albert R. Broccoli.
Other major composers and record-producers include George Martin, Bill Conti, Michael Kamen, Marvin Hamlisch, Éric Serra and Thomas Newman. Each of these composed for only one Bond film, with the exception of Newman. The departures from John Barry had various causes. Sometimes Barry declined in order to avoid paying double income tax—US and UK. Sometimes the director had worked with the composer of his choice on other films—the latter happened to David Arnold with Skyfall and Spectre.
Film
Year
Score composer
Dr. No 1962 Monty Norman
From Russia with Love 1963 John Barry
Goldfinger 1964
Thunderball 1965
You Only Live Twice 1967
On Her Majesty's Secret Service 1969
Diamonds Are Forever 1971
Live and Let Die 1973 George Martin
The Man with the Golden Gun 1974 John Barry
The Spy Who Loved Me 1977 Marvin Hamlisch
Moonraker 1979 John Barry
For Your Eyes Only 1981 Bill Conti
Octopussy 1983 John Barry
A View to a Kill 1985
The Living Daylights 1987
Licence to Kill 1989 Michael Kamen
GoldenEye 1995 Éric Serra
Tomorrow Never Dies 1997 David Arnold
The World Is Not Enough 1999
Die Another Day 2002
Casino Royale 2006
Quantum of Solace 2008
Skyfall 2012 Thomas Newman
Spectre 2015
Music from Eon Productions[edit]
Title themes[edit]
The "James Bond Theme" is the main theme for Dr. No, and has featured in all the Eon Productions Bond films in different versions. The theme has also featured on the gun barrel sequences at the beginning of the films. The original theme was written by Monty Norman, and was performed by John Barry and his orchestra in 1962. In the opening credits of Dr. No, two other pieces were played: an untitled bongo interlude and a Calypso-flavored rendition of "Three Blind Mice", titled "Kingston Calypso". Due to this, Dr. No is the only film to have more than one opening theme. The "James Bond Theme" reached No. 13 in the UK Singles Chart, and remained in the charts for 13 weeks.[3]
The opening credits of From Russia with Love were accompanied by an instrumental version of the main theme, arranged by John Barry and written by Lionel Bart. A single by The John Barry Orchestra reached No. 39 in the U.K. At the film's end, a vocal version by English singer Matt Monro is heard. This song spent 13 weeks in the U.K. charts, peaking at No. 20.[3]
Goldfinger was the third soundtrack composed by John Barry, and this time the theme song had lyrics written by Anthony Newley and Leslie Bricusse. The soundtrack reached No. 1 on the Billboard 200 and spent 70 weeks on the charts.[4] It also peaked at No. 14 on the UK Albums Chart,[3] and received the Bond series first Grammy Award nomination, Best Original Score from a Motion Picture or Television Show.[5]
Welsh singer Shirley Bassey has performed the most Bond themes – she recorded the themes to Goldfinger, Diamonds Are Forever, and Moonraker. Bassey also recorded her own versions of "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" for Thunderball and it was rumoured that "No Good About Goodbye" was intened for Quantum of Solace, however according to MI6-hq.com, David Arnold said 'No Good About Goodbye' was never intended as a Bond song. link to MI6 article The song appeares on Dame Bassey's album 'The Performance' from 2009.[citation needed]
Paul McCartney's performance of "Live and Let Die" was the first Bond theme song to be nominated for an Academy Award for Best Original Song; it reached No. 2 as a U.S. single, and No. 9 on the U.K. charts.[3][4] George Martin's work in the song won the Grammy for Best Arrangement Accompanying Vocalists.[6] Marvin Hamlisch's (music) and Carole Bayer Sager's (lyrics) "Nobody Does It Better" (performed by Carly Simon) received a nomination for the Academy Award for Best Original Song, as did Bill Conti's "For Your Eyes Only", which was performed by Sheena Easton. It was not until the 2013 Oscars that a Bond theme song finally won the Academy Award for Best Original Song, the theme song from Skyfall by Adele. Thomas Newman's score also got the first nomination for Academy Award for Best Original Score in the series since Hamlisch's own for The Spy Who Loved Me, while winning the Grammy for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media. Adele's song also won the Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media.[7] Sam Smith's "Writing's on the Wall" from Spectre would also win the Oscar for Best Original Song.
Duran Duran and John Barry's "A View To A Kill" topped the singles charts in the U.S. Billboard Hot 100, the only Bond theme to hit No. 1 in the United States.[4] No James Bond theme had topped the charts in the UK until Sam Smith's "Writing's on the Wall" entered the charts at number one on 2 October 2015.[8]
Several of the later films have alternative theme songs, often during the closing credits. The Living Daylights featured The Pretenders performing "If There Was a Man," composed by John Barry with Chrissie Hynde. Licence to Kill has "If You Asked Me To" sung by Patti Labelle. GoldenEye featured Éric Serra's "The Experience of Love". Tomorrow Never Dies included k.d. lang's "Surrender" during the closing credits, a song which was originally proposed by composer David Arnold to be the title sequence theme instead of the Sheryl Crow title song. The "Surrender" theme is heard throughout the score while the melody of Sheryl Crow's song is not used again during the film. This hearkens back to the Thunderball soundtrack, where Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang was originally proposed as the opening credits music, only to be replaced by the eponymous title track as sung by Tom Jones.[9]
On Her Majesty's Secret Service featured an instrumental theme tune, something which remains unique amongst the post-From Russia with Love films, and included a vocal theme in the form of Louis Armstrong's performance of "We Have All the Time in the World", written by John Barry and Hal David.[citation needed]
Film
Year
Score composer
Title song
Composed by
Performed by
U.K. peak
position
U.S. peak
position
Dr. No
(soundtrack) 1962 Monty Norman "James Bond Theme" Monty Norman John Barry & Orchestra; Monty Norman 13 —
"Kingston Calypso1"
1. The 'Kingston Calypso' is a.k.a. 'Three Blind Mice'
Byron Lee and the Dragonaires — —
From Russia with Love
(soundtrack) 1963 John Barry "Opening Titles: James Bond Is Back/From Russia with Love/James Bond Theme" John Barry
Lionel Bart
Monty Norman John Barry (title sequence)
Matt Monro (vocal version heard in film first as source music over a radio and then during closing credits) 20 —
Goldfinger
(soundtrack) 1964 "Goldfinger" Leslie Bricusse
Anthony Newley
John Barry Shirley Bassey 21 8
Thunderball
(soundtrack) 1965 "Thunderball" John Barry
Don Black Tom Jones 35 25
You Only Live Twice
(soundtrack) 1967 "You Only Live Twice" Leslie Bricusse
John Barry Nancy Sinatra (charted single is produced by Lee Hazlewood and arranged by Billy Strange and in marked contrast to soundtrack version) 11 44
On Her Majesty's Secret Service
(soundtrack) 1969 "On Her Majesty's Secret Service" John Barry
Hal David The John Barry Orchestra — —
"We Have All the Time in the World"
(secondary theme) Louis Armstrong 3 —
Diamonds Are Forever
(soundtrack) 1971 "Diamonds Are Forever" John Barry
Don Black Shirley Bassey 38 57
Live and Let Die
(soundtrack) 1973 George Martin "Live and Let Die" Paul McCartney
Linda McCartney Paul McCartney & Wings 9 2
The Man with the Golden Gun
(soundtrack) 1974 John Barry "The Man with the Golden Gun" John Barry
Don Black Lulu — —
The Spy Who Loved Me
(soundtrack) 1977 Marvin Hamlisch "Nobody Does It Better" Marvin Hamlisch
Carole Bayer Sager Carly Simon 7 2
Moonraker
(soundtrack) 1979 John Barry "Moonraker" John Barry
Hal David Shirley Bassey — —
For Your Eyes Only
(soundtrack) 1981 Bill Conti "For Your Eyes Only" Bill Conti
Mick Leeson Sheena Easton 8 4
Octopussy
(soundtrack) 1983 John Barry "All Time High" John Barry
Tim Rice
Stephen Short Rita Coolidge 75 36
A View to a Kill
(soundtrack) 1985 "A View to a Kill" John Barry
Duran Duran Duran Duran 2 1
The Living Daylights
(soundtrack) 1987 "The Living Daylights" John Barry
Pål Waaktaar A-ha 5 —
Licence to Kill
(soundtrack) 1989 Michael Kamen "Licence to Kill" Narada Michael Walden
Jeffrey Cohen
Walter Afanasieff Gladys Knight 6 —
GoldenEye
(soundtrack) 1995 Éric Serra "GoldenEye" Bono
The Edge Tina Turner 10 102 [10]
Tomorrow Never Dies
(soundtrack) 1997 David Arnold "Tomorrow Never Dies" Sheryl Crow
Mitchell Froom Sheryl Crow 12 —
The World Is Not Enough
(soundtrack) 1999 "The World Is Not Enough" David Arnold
Don Black Garbage 11 —
Die Another Day
(soundtrack) 2002 "Die Another Day" Madonna
Mirwais Ahmadzaï Madonna 3 8
Casino Royale
(soundtrack) 2006 "You Know My Name" David Arnold
Chris Cornell Chris Cornell 7 79
Quantum of Solace
(soundtrack) 2008 "Another Way to Die" Jack White Jack White
Alicia Keys 9 81
Skyfall
(soundtrack) 2012 Thomas Newman "Skyfall" Adele
Paul Epworth Adele 2 8
Spectre
(soundtrack) 2015 "Writing's on the Wall"
Sam Smith
Jimmy Napes
Sam Smith 1 71
A song titled "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" sung by Shirley Bassey was originally slated to be the theme song of Thunderball. It was re-recorded by Dionne Warwick, but Albert Broccoli insisted the theme song must include the film's title and also decided that the lyrics should not start before the film's title Thunderball appears on-screen. A new song was composed and recorded at the eleventh hour titled "Thunderball", performed by Tom Jones. The melody of "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" remains a major component of the film score.[11]
Neither "All Time High" (Octopussy), "You Know My Name" (Casino Royale), "Another Way to Die" (Quantum of Solace) nor "Writing's on the Wall" (Spectre) feature the title of its film either in the song title or lyrics (although "Another Way to Die" features the word "solace" in the second stanza). While not named after the film, "Nobody Does It Better" does feature the line "the spy who loved me" in its lyrics.[12]
"You Know My Name" is the first main theme to a Bond film that did not appear on the film's official soundtrack album; "Skyfall" is the second.;[13] "Writing's on the Wall" is the third.
Secondary songs[edit]
A number of Bond films include one (or more) additional songs in the soundtrack. Some of these pieces of music, such as "We Have All the Time in the World" by Louis Armstrong, have gone on to become as well known as the main themes, while other songs remain exclusively linked to the film in which they appear.
Film
Title
Year
Performed by
Dr. No "Jump Up!"
"Three Blind Mice1"
"Jamaican Rock"
"Under the Mango Tree"
1 'Three Blind Mice' is a.k.a. the 'Kingston Calypso'
1962 Byron Lee and the Dragonaires
Monty Norman
Diana Coupland
From Russia with Love "From Russia With Love" (End Credits) 1963 Matt Monro
Thunderball "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" 1965 Dionne Warwick
and another version by Shirley Bassey
(not on soundtrack, only instrumental version appears in film)
On Her Majesty's Secret Service "We Have All the Time in the World"
"Do You Know How Christmas Trees Are Grown?" 1969 Louis Armstrong
Nina
For Your Eyes Only "Make It Last All Night" 1981 Rage
A View to a Kill "California Gold" (not on soundtrack) 1985 Gidea Park
The Living Daylights "Where Has Everybody Gone?"
"If There Was a Man" 1987 The Pretenders
Licence to Kill "If You Asked Me To"
"Wedding Party"
"Dirty Love" 1989 Patti Labelle
Ivory
Tim Feehan
GoldenEye "The Experience of Love"
"Searching for the Golden Eye"
"James Bond Theme" (GoldenEye trailer version)
1995 Éric Serra
Motiv8 and Kym Mazelle
Starr Parodi and Jeff Fair (used in teasers, not in film)
Tomorrow Never Dies "Surrender"
"James Bond Theme" 1997 k.d. lang
Moby (not in film)
The World Is Not Enough "Only Myself to Blame"
"James Bond Theme" (End Title)
"Sweetest Coma Again" (Japanese End Title) 1999 Scott Walker (not in film)
David Arnold (not on soundtrack)
Luna Sea (only on Japanese soundtrack)
Die Another Day "London Calling"
"James Bond Theme (Bond vs. Oakenfold)" 2002 The Clash (not on soundtrack)
Paul Oakenfold (not in film)
Dionne Warwick's performance of "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" is never actually heard in Thunderball; it was originally to have been the opening credits theme, but this was changed when Albert Broccoli decreed the theme had to include the film's title. The melody of "Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" is heard throughout the film; Warwick's version was finally released in the 1990s. A funny fact is that a German linqual version was released in 1965 sung by Alan Corb creating the odd fact that a cover version was released before the original.
The original end title theme to The World Is Not Enough was "Only Myself to Blame", composed by David Arnold and Don Black, and sung by Scott Walker, but was left out of the final film and replaced by an Arnold arrangement of the "James Bond Theme". "Blame" was, however, left on The World Is Not Enough soundtrack album, and its melody, representing the Elektra King character, appears throughout the score, most prominently in the tracks "Casino" and "Elektra's Theme."
Matt Monro's vocal rendition of "From Russia with Love" is often considered the official theme song for that film, even though the opening credits use an instrumental version that also incorporates the "James Bond Theme." Monro's version isn't heard until about 15 minutes into the film over a radio, and again over the closing titles.
Foreign songs[edit]
Some songs have been dubbed for the foreign versions of the films.
Film
Original title
Translated title
Performer
Country
From Russia with Love "From Russia with Love" "Bons baisers de Russie"
"Die Wolga ist weit" (not on DVD releases) Bob Asklof
Ruth Berlé France
Germany
On Her Majesty's Secret Service "Do You Know How Christmas Trees Are Grown?" "Savez-vous ce qu'il faut au sapin de Noël?"
"Wovon träumt ein Weihnachtsbaum im Mai?" (on German DVD releases) Isabelle Aubret
Katja Ebstein France
Germany
Diamonds Are Forever "Diamonds Are Forever" "Vivo di diamanti" Shirley Bassey Italy
'Goldfinger' was sung in Spanish by Karina (María Isabel Llaudes Santiago), a French version was sung by both John William and Catherine Elia and an Italian version was recorded by Vanna Scotti. It is unknown (to this editor) if either of these versions was used to replace the original in the movie.
'Feuerball' sung by Alan Corb was, in 1965, the German Cover version of 'thunderball' (sung by Tom Jones). It is unknown (to this editor) if the German version was used to replace the original in the German version of the movie. The B-side of the single contained a German version, also sung by Alan Corb, of Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang with that title, creating the bizarre situation that a vocal 'cover' version of the song was published before the original vocal version(s) (sung by both by Shirley Bassey and Dionne Warwick), which were both published in the early 1990s with 'The Best of James Bond' 30th Anniversary and 30th Anniversary Limited Edition albums.
'Man Lebt Nur Zweimal' sung by Gissy André was, in 1967, the German Cover version of 'You Only Live Twice' (sung by Nancy Sinatra). It is unknown (to this editor) if the German version was used to replace the original in the German version of the movie.
'Tu vivras deux fois' sung by Lucky Blondo was, in 1967, the French Cover version of 'You Only Live Twice' (sung by Nancy Sinatra). It is unknown (to this editor) if the French version was used to replace the original in the French version of the movie, one source claims it was not.
'In Deinen Augen', sung by Sollie Nero, was, in 1981, the German Cover version of 'For Your Eyes Only' (sung by Sheena Easton). It is unknown (to this editor) if the German version was used to replace the original in the German version of the movie.
Additional music[edit]
Film
Title
Score composer
The Spy Who Loved Me "Lawrence of Arabia Theme"
"Doctor Zhivago Theme" (Music box)
"Concerto for Piano N°21" (Elvira Madigan) – Andante
"Air on the G String" Maurice Jarre
Maurice Jarre
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Johann Sebastian Bach
Moonraker "Close Encounters of the Third Kind Theme"
"The Magnificent Seven Theme"
"Prelude No. 15 (Raindrop prelude)" John Williams
Elmer Bernstein
Frédéric Chopin
A View to a Kill "The Four Seasons"
"Swan Lake" Antonio Vivaldi
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
The Living Daylights "40th Symphony in G minor" (1st movement)
"Finale-Act II-Le Nozze di Figaro"
"String Quartet in D major"
"Variations on a Rococo Theme" Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Alexander Borodin
Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky
Goldeneye "Stand By Your Man" (Minnie Driver) Billy Sherrill / Tammy Wynette
Tomorrow Never Dies "It Had to Be You" (Instrumental) Gus Kahn / Isham Jones
Non-Eon Productions songs[edit]
Main title themes[edit]
Film
Year
Score composer
Title song
Performed by
Casino Royale 1967 Burt Bacharach "Casino Royale" Herb Alpert and the Tijuana Brass
Never Say Never Again 1983 Michel Legrand "Never Say Never Again" Lani Hall
The closing credits of Casino Royale use a vocal version of "Casino Royale" sung by Mike Redway, who remains uncredited until the release of the 2012 '45th anniversary' edition of the soundtrack.
Secondary songs[edit]
Film
Title
Year
Performed by
Casino Royale "The Look of Love"
"Dream on James, You're Winning"
1967 Dusty Springfield
Mike Redway
Never Say Never Again "Une Chanson d'Amour" 1983 Sophie Della
The soundtrack to the 1967 spoof Casino Royale also included two short comedic songs sung in a 1920s style. One led into an instrumental version of "The Look of Love" and began with the line "James Bond playing at Casino Royale..."; later, this tune was reprised as "Seven James Bonds at Casino Royale" which lead into a lyrical version of the theme sung by Mike Redway that played over the closing credits.
"The Look of Love" was the first song from any Bond film to be nominated for the Academy Award for Best Original Song, six years before the first nomination from an Eon Bond film. It remains the only song from a non-Eon Bond film ever so nominated.
Foreign songs[edit]
'Les yeux de l'amour' sung by Mireille Mathieu was, in 1967, the French cover version of 'The Look of Love' (sung by Dusty Springfield). It is unknown (to this editor) if this version was used to replace the original in the movie.
Rejected songs[edit]
A version of 'Never Say Never Again' was recorded by Phyllis Hyman, but was rejected in favour of Lani Hall's version.
Unused songs[edit]
There are a number of songs which were originally written as potential Bond themes, but not used, which have then been released or otherwise made available elsewhere. These include:
"Mr. Kiss Kiss Bang Bang" by Dionne Warwick/Shirley Bassey was originally intended as the theme song for Thunderball. Its title refers to a nickname given to Bond by an Italian journalist in 1962. Warwick and Bassey both recorded versions, but halfway through the scoring process, Albert Broccoli decided that the film's title must appear in the lyrics, so "Thunderball" was commissioned. The song still plays a prominent role in the score and both singers' versions have appeared on compilations in the 1990s.
"Thunderball" by Johnny Cash, which was finally published on his 'official' Bootleg vol. II in 2011 'From Memphis to Hollywood'.
"Run James Run" by Brian Wilson, intended as a James Bond theme, but ultimately released as the eponymous track on the Beach Boys' album Pet Sounds.
"You Only Live Twice" by Julie Rogers is included on the 30th anniversary Limited Edition 2 CD release of 'The Best of James Bond'.
"You Only Live Twice" by Lorraine Chandler appears on R(are) C(ollectable) A(nd Soulful) Volume 2.
"The Man with the Golden Gun" by Alice Cooper appears on his 1973 album Muscle of Love
"For Your Eyes Only" by Blondie appears on their 1982 album The Hunter.
"Never Say Never Again" by Phyllis Hyman was intended for the 1983 film.
"The Living Daylights" by Pet Shop Boys was adapted from a demo theme for The Living Daylights, later completely reworked as "This Must Be the Place I Waited Years to Leave". It appears on their 1990 album Behaviour.[14]
"The Juvenile" by Ace of Base was originally written in 1995 (called "The Goldeneye"), then re-written as "The Juvenile" and released in 2002 on Da Capo.
"Tomorrow Never Lies" by Pulp (originally called "Tomorrow Never Dies") was released as a b-side on their 1997 single "Help the Aged", and on the vinyl version of their 1998 album This Is Hardcore.
"Tomorrow Never Dies" by Saint Etienne appears on their Built on Sand album, with the liner notes revealing that Pierce Brosnan kept the master tape of the song. Other artists who submitted Tomorrow Never Dies themes included Marc Almond, Swan Lee, The Cardigans and Space.
"Spectre" by Radiohead was originally in the running to be the theme for Spectre, but Sam Smith was chosen instead. The song was released on SoundCloud on Christmas Day 2015, and later as the B-side for their 2016 single "Burn the Witch".
Cover versions and spin-offs[edit]
Bond music has inspired a number of cover albums in a variety of genres, including the 2007 album Mister Bond – A Jazzy Cocktail of Ice Cold Themes (lounge), Shaken and Stirred: The David Arnold James Bond Project featuring David Arnold collaborating with several contemporary artists. The City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra recorded several albums with Bond music and performs in premieres and special events of Bond films. Britain's Royal Philharmonic Orchestra released an album of several Bond songs performances called Best Of James Bond, some of which were used on the "Ultimate Edition" DVD releases menus. Billy Strange released "Secret Agent File" in 1965. Death metal cover band Ten Masked Men has included at least one Bond theme on each of their albums. In 2004, The Cavaliers play a show titled "007" using Bond music, such as "GoldenEye", "For Your Eyes Only", "Live and Let Die", "Hovercraft Chase", "Welcome to Cuba" and "Paris and Bond". Some of them are Italo disco-like rhythms and soundtrack albums promote hits that matches the film's theme. In 2000 'An Electronika Tribute to James Bond' album was released adding yet another genre to the Bond fandom.
Title
Performer(s)
"James Bond Theme" Billy Strange
Neil Norman
The Art of Noise
Naked City
The Skatalites
Bond
Count Basie
Moby
LTJ Bukem
City of Prague Philharmonic Orchestra
Soft CellThe Ventures
Alizée (Sample in the song "J.B.G.")
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Leningrad Cowboys
Hank Marvin (as part of a medley)
"From Russia with Love" Natacha Atlas
Count Basie
Thomas Lang
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Hank Marvin (as part of a medley)
"Goldfinger" Count Basie
Billy Strange
Bébé
Anthony Newley (original demo recording)
Ten Masked Men
Blue Stingrays (Tom Petty band members' surf project)
Magazine
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Leningrad Cowboys
Hank Marvin
Alan Partridge
Chaka Khan
"Thunderball" Martin Fry
Mr.Bungle
Shirley Bassey
The Kingpins
Guy Lombardo
Billy Strange
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
"You Only Live Twice" Soft Cell
Mark Burgess
Björk
Coldplay
Natacha Atlas
Robbie Williams (Sample in the song "Millennium")
Shirley Bassey
Trashcan Sinatras
Billy Strange
Eddie Peregrina
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Billy Mackenzie
Hank Marvin (as part of a medley)
"On Her Majesty's Secret Service" Propellerheads
Vernian Process
Hank Marvin (as part of a medley)
"We Have All The Time in the World" Fun Lovin' Criminals
The Pale Fountains
Iggy Pop
My Bloody Valentine
The Puppini Sisters
"Diamonds Are Forever" David McAlmont
Arctic Monkeys
Kanye West (Sample in the song "Diamonds from Sierra Leone")
Ten Masked Men
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Chaka Khan
"Live and Let Die" Chrissie Hynde
Escala
Guns N' Roses
Geri Halliwell
Lizzy Borden
Butch Walker
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
Hank Marvin
"The Man with the Golden Gun" Emilíana Torrini
Funkstar De Luxe
Thin White Rope
Ten Masked Men
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
"Nobody Does It Better" Radiohead
Aimee Mann
8mm
Alan Partridge
Me First and the Gimme Gimmes
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
"Moonraker" Shara Nelson
Neil Norman
"For Your Eyes Only" Thomas Anders
Edenbridge
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
"All Time High" Pulp
"A View to a Kill" Diablo
Leningrad Cowboys
Lostprophets
Northern Kings
Shirley Bassey
Ten Masked Men
"The Living Daylights" Ten Masked Men
The Narrow
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
"Licence to Kill" Count Basic
"If You Asked Me To" Céline Dion
"GoldenEye" Wise Guys
Bono (original demo recording)
Royal Philharmonic Orchestra
"Tomorrow Never Dies" Uwe Kröger
"The World Is Not Enough" Jackie Moore
"You Know My Name" Poets of the Fall
"Skyfall" Within Temptation
Video games[edit]
With the increase in audio quality for video game consoles and personal computers, in addition to the continued popularity of computer and video games, publisher Electronic Arts as well as Activision (since 2008) has included opening themes and film-style credit sequences to some of its more recent Bond video game spin offs.
Video game
Year
Score composer
Title song
Performed by
GoldenEye 007 1997 Graeme Norgate and Grant Kirkhope
Tomorrow Never Dies 1999 Tommy Tallarico "Tomorrow Never Dies" Sheryl Crow
The World Is Not Enough (Nintendo 64 and PlayStation) 2000 Don Veca
Agent Under Fire 2001 Don Veca "The James Bond Theme"
Nightfire 2002 Steve Duckworth, Ed Lima, Jeff Tymoschuk "Nearly Civilized" Esthero
Everything or Nothing 2004 Sean Callery, Jeff Tymoschuk "Everything or Nothing" Mýa
GoldenEye: Rogue Agent 2004 Paul Oakenfold "If You're Gonna..." Natasha Bedingfield
From Russia with Love 2005 Christopher Lennertz "From Russia with Love" (instrumental remix) John Barry
Quantum of Solace 2008 Christopher Lennertz "When Nobody Loves You" Kerli
GoldenEye 007 2010 David Arnold, Kevin Kiner "GoldenEye" Nicole Scherzinger
Blood Stone 2010 Richard Jacques "I'll Take It All" Joss Stone
007 Legends 2012 David Arnold, Kevin Kiner "Goldfinger" (instrumental remix) David Arnold
Novels[edit]
The 2008 continuation novel Devil May Care by Sebastian Faulks was the first James Bond novel to receive its own theme song. Also called "Devil May Care", the song was written and recorded by Cardiff band SAL and was available on the UK audiobook release of the novel.[15]
See also[edit]
James Bond portal
Outline of James Bond
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Chicago's WLS Radio – Google Books. Books.google.com.au. Retrieved 2014-12-11.
Jump up ^ MI6 :: From Russia With Love (1963) :: James Bond 007
^ Jump up to: a b c d Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums. London: Guinness World Records Limited
^ Jump up to: a b c Whitburn, Joel (2006). The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits. Billboard Books
Jump up ^ "Bond and The Grammy Awards –". Commanderbond.net. Retrieved 2014-12-11.
Jump up ^ Burlingame, Jon (2012). The Music of James Bond. Oxford University Press. p. 113. ISBN 0199986762.
Jump up ^ 28 January 2014 by AI & filed under SKYFALL. (2014-01-28). "The Official James Bond 007 Website | ADELE WINS GRAMMY FOR SKYFALL". 007.com. Retrieved 2014-12-11.
Jump up ^ "BBC Website; Sam Smith's James Bond theme makes UK chart history". www.bbc.co.uk. 2015-10-02. Retrieved 2015-10-02.
Jump up ^ "Thunderball – alternate title seq. – Shirley Bassey – HD STEREO". YouTube. 2011-06-11. Retrieved 2014-06-06.
Jump up ^ "The Billboard Bubbling Under Hot 100: Week of December 9, 1995". Billboard. Nielsen Company. 1995-12-09. Retrieved 2014-12-02.
Jump up ^ The Making of Thunderball (DVD). Thunderball Ultimate Edition, Region 2, Disc 2: MGM/UA Home Entertainment. 1995.
Jump up ^ "Nobody Does it Better: Fifty Years of James Bond Music". Cult Britannia. Retrieved 2014-12-11.
Jump up ^ Caulfield, Keith (16 November 2012). "'Skyfall' Soundtrack: Highest-Charting Bond Album in 27 Years". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved 29 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Jude Rogers (2008-10-30). "For your ears only | Music | ''The". Guardian. Retrieved 2014-12-11.
Jump up ^ "SAL Wins 'Devil May Care' Theme Song Contest". CommanderBond.net. Retrieved 3 May 2016.
External links[edit]
montynorman.com
Detailed account of a court proceeding between Monty Norman and John Barry re: The "James Bond Theme", including musicological breakdowns of the theme itself.
[show]
v
t
e
Ian Fleming's James Bond
Outline
Bibliography
Novels
List
Inspirations
Young Bond
Films
List
Motifs
Locations
Gun barrel sequence
Music
Comics
List
Strips
Books
Television
"Casino Royale" (Climax!)
James Bond Jr.
episodes
Fleming: The Man Who Would Be Bond
Characters
James Bond
literary character
film character
Allies
Girls
Villains
Henchmen
Weapons
Gadgets
Vehicles
Related
Fandom
Parodies and spin offs
Licence to kill (concept)
Vesper cocktail
"Shaken, not stirred"
Video games
The Wild Wild West
James Bond (ornithologist)
Book
Category
Portal
[show]
v
t
e
James Bond music
Themes
"James Bond Theme" (Monty Norman)
"James Bond Is Back" (John Barry)
"007 Theme" (John Barry)
"On Her Majesty's Secret Service" (John Barry)
"Bond 77" (Marvin Hamlisch)
"James Bond Theme" (Moby)
Soundtracks
Dr. No
From Russia with Love
Goldfinger
Thunderball
You Only Live Twice
On Her Majesty's Secret Service
Diamonds Are Forever
Live and Let Die
The Man with the Golden Gun
The Spy Who Loved Me
Moonraker
For Your Eyes Only
Octopussy
A View to a Kill
The Living Daylights
Licence to Kill
GoldenEye
Tomorrow Never Dies
The World Is Not Enough
Die Another Day
Casino Royale
Quantum of Solace
Skyfall
Spectre
Composers
Monty Norman
John Barry
George Martin
Marvin Hamlisch
Bill Conti
Michael Kamen
Éric Serra
David Arnold
Thomas Newman
Eon themes
"Kingston Calypso"
"From Russia with Love"
"Goldfinger"
"Thunderball"
"You Only Live Twice"
"We Have All the Time in the World"
"Diamonds Are Forever"
"Live and Let Die"
"The Man with the Golden Gun"
"Nobody Does It Better"
"Moonraker"
"For Your Eyes Only"
"All Time High"
"A View to a Kill"
"The Living Daylights"
"Where Has Everybody Gone?"
"Licence to Kill"
"If You Asked Me To"
"GoldenEye"
"Tomorrow Never Dies"
"The World Is Not Enough"
"Die Another Day"
"You Know My Name"
"Another Way to Die"
"Skyfall"
"Writing's on the Wall"
Non-Eon themes
"Casino Royale"
"The Look of Love"
"Never Say Never Again"
Compilations
Shaken and Stirred
The Incredible World of James Bond
The Best of Bond...James Bond
Related articles
Eon films secondary songs
Non-Eon films secondary songs
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Bond_music&oldid=801652487"
Categories:
James Bond music
James Bond lists
Music by media franchise
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from December 2012
All articles needing additional references
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Čeština
Deutsch
Español
Français
Bahasa Indonesia
Nederlands
Polski
Português
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Tiếng Việt
Edit links
This page was last edited on 21 September 2017, at 00:23.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: i

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: Edit section: Composers (Eon Productions)

values: Edit section: Music from Eon Productions

values:
/wiki/Goldfinger_(song)
mw-redirect
Goldfinger (song)

values: Grammy Award for Best Score Soundtrack for Visual Media

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Grammy Award for Best Instrumental Arrangement Accompanying Vocalist(s)

values:
/wiki/Patti_Labelle
mw-redirect
Patti Labelle

values: The Man with the Golden Gun (soundtrack)

values:
/wiki/Stephen_Short_(record_producer)
mw-redirect
Stephen Short (record producer)

values:
/wiki/You_Know_My_Name
mw-redirect
You Know My Name

values:
/wiki/Jack_White_(musician)
mw-redirect
Jack White (musician)

values:
/wiki/Skyfall_(soundtrack)
mw-redirect
Skyfall (soundtrack)

values: Spectre: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

values:
/wiki/Nina_Van_Pallandt
mw-redirect
Nina Van Pallandt

values:
/wiki/Elektra_King
mw-redirect
Elektra King

values:
/wiki/Stand_By_Your_Man
mw-redirect
Stand By Your Man

values:
/wiki/Julie_Rogers_(singer)
mw-redirect
Julie Rogers (singer)

values:
/wiki/Built_on_Sand
mw-redirect
Built on Sand

values:
/wiki/Space_(indie_rock_band)
mw-redirect
Space (indie rock band)

values:
/wiki/Christmas_Day
mw-redirect
Christmas Day

values: Edit section: Cover versions and spin-offs

values:
/wiki/Cover_album
mw-redirect
Cover album

values:
/wiki/The_Art_of_Noise
mw-redirect
The Art of Noise

values:
/wiki/Trashcan_Sinatras
mw-redirect
Trashcan Sinatras

values:
/wiki/C%C3%A9line_Dion
mw-redirect
Céline Dion

values: 007: The World Is Not Enough (Nintendo 64)

values: 007: The World Is Not Enough (PlayStation)

values:
/wiki/007:_Agent_Under_Fire
mw-redirect
007: Agent Under Fire

values:
/wiki/007:_From_Russia_with_Love
mw-redirect
007: From Russia with Love

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.montynorman.com/
external text

values: List of James Bond novels and short stories

values: List of recurring characters in the James Bond film series

values:
/wiki/List_of_James_Bond_henchmen
mw-redirect
List of James Bond henchmen

values: List of James Bond parodies and spin-offs

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Skyfall: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from December 2012

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/James_Bond_music
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Hudba ve filmech o Jamesi Bondovi – Czech

values: Liste der James-Bond-Titellieder – German

values: Lijst van titelsongs uit de James Bondfilms – Dutch

values: Ścieżki muzyczne filmów z Jamesem Bondem – Polish

values: Музика у филмовима о Џејмсу Бонду – Serbian

values: Muzika u filmovima o Jamesu Bondu – Serbo-Croatian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-James_Bond_music rootpage-James_Bond_music skin-vector action-view