text:
Washington Court House, Ohio
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"Washington, Ohio" redirects here. For the Ohio location formerly known as "Washington", see Old Washington, Ohio.
City in Ohio, United States
Washington Court House, Ohio
City
Fayette County Courthouse in Washington Court House

Seal
Nickname(s): Washington C.H.

Location of Washington Court House, Ohio

Location of Washington Court House in Fayette County
Coordinates: 39°32′11″N 83°26′8″W / 39.53639°N 83.43556°W / 39.53639; -83.43556Coordinates: 39°32′11″N 83°26′8″W / 39.53639°N 83.43556°W / 39.53639; -83.43556
Country
United States
State
Ohio
County
Fayette
Township
Union
Government
• City manager
Joseph J. Denen
Area[1]
• Total
8.80 sq mi (22.79 km2)
• Land
8.74 sq mi (22.64 km2)
• Water
0.06 sq mi (0.16 km2)
Population (2010)[2]
• Total
14,192
• Estimate (2012[3])
14,110
• Density
1,623.8/sq mi (627.0/km2)
Time zone
UTC−5 (Eastern (EST))
• Summer (DST)
UTC−4 (EDT)
ZIP code
43160
Area code
740
FIPS code
39-81214[4]
Website
http://www.cityofwch.com/
Washington Court House is a city in Fayette County, Ohio, United States. It is the county seat of Fayette County and is located between Cincinnati and Columbus, Ohio. The population was 14,192 in 2010 at the 2010 census. Until 2002, the official name of the city was City of Washington,[citation needed] but there also existed a municipality in Guernsey County, Ohio with the name Washington (now known as Old Washington). The area was originally settled by Virginia war veterans who received the land from the government as payment for their service in the American Revolution. In 2002, a new charter was adopted, officially changing the name to the "City of Washington Court House".[citation needed] The name is often abbreviated as "Washington C.H."
The city has always been named the City of Washington Court House paying homage to the infamous General Washington Courthouse, but for local government, they went by the City of Washington for contracting and governmental purposes. When council decided to change to a charter form of government, which allowed more self-rule, they decided to officially change the name to match how it was actually named. Part of it was to alleviate any confusion with other entities in the Postal Service.[6]
Washington C.H. has an unusual street grid layout. Typically, street grids are arranged east-west and north-south, especially in the Midwest. In this case, the streets in the downtown area, centering on the courthouse building, are arranged northeast-southwest and northwest-southeast. This was done so that all four sides of the courthouse building would receive some sunlight every day of the year. In the traditional grid system, the north side of a building never receives direct sunlight during the winter.
Contents
1 History
1.1 1894 riot
2 Geography
3 Demographics
3.1 2010 census
3.2 2000 census
4 Media
5 Notable people
6 Government
6.1 City Council, as of 2017
6.2 Other officials, as of 2017
6.3 Boards and committees, as of May 2017
7 Education
8 Airport
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
History[edit]
Washington Court House's first settlers appear to have been Edward Smith, Sr., and his family, who emigrated from Pennsylvania in 1810. Smith and his family constructed a crude house in the thick woodlands near Paint Creek, but their efforts to clear the land were interrupted by his departure for military service in the War of 1812.[7] Comparatively soon after returning from his martial pursuits, Smith drowned while attempting to cross a flooded creek,[8] but his widow and 10 children survived and prospered despite the absence of their patriarch. Smith's descendents remained prominent in Fayette County for more than a century after his arrival from Pennsylvania, although many had left Washington Court House for other parts of the county.[7] A family residence still stands on U.S. Route 62 not far outside the city's eastern boundary.[9]
In 1833, Washington Court House (then known as Washington) contained a printing office, seven stores, two taverns, two groceries, a schoolhouse, a meeting house, and about 70 residential houses.[10]
Numerous locations in the city are listed on the National Register of Historic Places. Downtown, the courthouse square has been named a historic district, and a similar designation has been accorded the city cemetery. Nine individual buildings are separately listed on the register: Judy Chapel at the cemetery, the former Washington School, the Fayette County Courthouse, the former William Burnett House (no longer standing[11]), and the Barney Kelley, Jacob Light, Rawlings-Brownell, Robinson-Pavey, and Morris Sharp houses.[9]
1894 riot[edit]
Ohio Historical Marker on the front lawn of the Fayette County Courthouse
On October 16, 1894, a crowd gathered outside the Fayette County Courthouse with intent to lynch convicted rapist William "Jasper" Dolby. Ohio Governor William McKinley called out the militia to subdue the crowd. On October 17, the crowd rushed the courthouse doors and was warned to "disperse or be fired upon." They ignored the warning and continued to batter the doors.
Colonel Alonzo B. Coit ordered his troops to fire through the courthouse doors, killing five men. Colonel Coit was indicted for manslaughter, but was acquitted at trial. After the trial, Governor McKinley stated, "The law was upheld as it should have been ... but in this case at fearful cost ... Lynching cannot be tolerated in Ohio."[citation needed] The courthouse doors were not repaired or replaced and the bullet holes from the 1894 riot are still present in the southeast doors.
Geography[edit]
Washington Court House is located at 39°32′11″N 83°26′8″W / 39.53639°N 83.43556°W / 39.53639; -83.43556,[12] along Paint Creek.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 8.80 square miles (22.79 km2), of which 8.74 square miles (22.64 km2) is land and 0.06 square miles (0.16 km2) is covered by water.[1]
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1820 191 —
1830 299 56.5%
1850 569 —
1860 1,035 81.9%
1870 2,117 104.5%
1880 3,798 79.4%
1890 5,742 51.2%
1900 5,751 0.2%
1910 7,277 26.5%
1920 7,962 9.4%
1930 8,426 5.8%
1940 9,402 11.6%
1950 10,560 12.3%
1960 12,388 17.3%
1970 12,495 0.9%
1980 12,648 1.2%
1990 12,983 2.6%
2000 13,524 4.2%
2010 14,192 4.9%
Est. 2017 14,215 [13] 0.2%
Sources:[4][14][15][16]
2010 census[edit]
As of the census[2] of 2010, there were 14,192 people, 5,762 households, and 3,628 families residing in the city. The population density was 1,623.8 inhabitants per square mile (627.0/km2). There were 6,433 housing units at an average density of 736.0 per square mile (284.2/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 93.5% White, 2.7% African American, 0.3% Native American, 0.8% Asian, 0.6% from other races, and 2.1% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.8% of the population.
There were 5,762 households of which 32.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 40.7% were married couples living together, 16.6% had a female householder with no husband present, 5.7% had a male householder with no wife present, and 37.0% were non-families. 31.1% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.7% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.92.
The median age in the city was 38.4 years. 25% of residents were under the age of 18; 8.1% were between the ages of 18 and 24; 25.7% were from 25 to 44; 25.2% were from 45 to 64; and 15.9% were 65 years of age or older. The gender makeup of the city was 47.7% male and 52.3% female.
2000 census[edit]
As of the census[4] of 2000, there were 13,524 people, 5,483 households, and 3,536 families residing in the city. The population density was 810.8/km² (2,100.8/mi²). There were 5,961 housing units at an average density of 357.4/km² (926.0/mi²). The racial makeup of the city was 94.52% White, 2.71% African American, 0.16% Native American, 0.82% Asian, 0.01% Pacific Islander, 0.66% from other races, and 1.12% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.38% of the population.
There were 5,483 households out of which 31.1% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.5% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 35.5% were non-families. 30.7% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.37 and the average family size was 2.93.
In the city the age distribution of the population shows 25.0% under the age of 18, 8.1% from 18 to 24, 28.2% from 25 to 44, 22.0% from 45 to 64, and 16.7% who are 65 years of age or older. The median age is 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 92.7 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 87.0 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $33,003, and the median income for a family was $40,721. Males had a median income of $31,708 versus $22,382 for females. The per capita income for the city was $18,618. About 9.0% of families and 12.5% of the population were below the poverty line, including 16.3% of those under the age of 18 and 13.2% ages 65 or older.
Media[edit]
Washington Court House is part of the Columbus, Ohio, media market, so is served by several Columbus-area television and radio stations.[17] The city has one local radio station, Buckeye Country 105.5 FM (WCHO-FM). WCHO plays country music and covers local news, sports, and agricultural stories. Washington Court House also easily receives radio and television stations from Dayton and Cincinnati.
The hometown newspaper of Washington Court House is the Record Herald. The Record Herald was formed from the merger of two dailies – The Record-Republican and the Washington C.H. Herald – in 1937.[18] The latter paper's publishing history dates back to 1858 when it began as a weekly.[19] As of 2012, the Record Herald reported circulation of 5,143 daily and 21,849 for weekend inserts.[20]
Notable people[edit]
Randall Dale Adams – wrongly convicted of murder; his release was accomplished by a 1988 documentary film
Harry M. Daugherty – United States Attorney General under Presidents Warren G. Harding and Calvin Coolidge
Scott Lewis – Cleveland Indians baseball player 2008-09
Sam Lucas – vaudeville actor and singer
Margaret Peterson Haddix − author of children's fiction
Art Schlichter – quarterback, Ohio State and NFL
Jeff Shaw – Major League Baseball player, 1990-2001; two-time All-Star
Travis Shaw – Major League Baseball player for the Milwaukee Brewers
Jess Smith - assistant to Harry M. Daugherty
Government[edit]
Aerial view of Washington Court House
In 2016, the municipal government stated that any persons who survive a heroin overdose may be charged with a misdemeanor crime.[21]
City Council, as of 2017[edit]
Dale E. Lynch[22]
Steve R. Jennings[22]
Kendra Redd Hernandez[22]
Leah Link-Foster
Ted Hawk[22]
Kimberlee Bonnell
Jim D. Chrisman[22]
Other officials, as of 2017[edit]
City Manager – Joseph J. Denen[23]
Fire Chief – Tom Youtz[23]
Police Chief – Brian Hottinger[23]
Municipal Court Judge – Victor D. Pontious Jr[24]
Director of Finance – Tom L. Riley[25]
Asst. Director of Finance – Teena M. Keaton[25]
Building and Zoning Inspector – Rod Bryant[26]
Boards and committees, as of May 2017[edit]
City Income Tax Board members: Ron Sockman, Nancy Hammond, Wilma Coulter[27]
Civil Service Commission members: Allen Griffiths, Susan Wollscheid, John (Hank) Roszman[28]
City Planning Commission members: Keith Eckles, Tim Fogt, John Pfeifer, Kirk Wilson, Scott Snyder[29]
Board of Zoning Appeals members: Tammy Bath, Denny Beis, Dave Fish, Dan Leaverton, Donald Moore[30]
Education[edit]
Education in the Washington Court House, Ohio, comprises two public school districts, as well as a private school and a community college.
Washington Court House City School District enrolls most school-aged children within the city limits of Washington Court House.
Miami Trace Local School District includes Miami Trace High School.
Fayette Christian School
The Fayette County campus of Southern State Community College
Washington Court House has a public library, housed in a historic Carnegie library building.[31]
Airport[edit]
Fayette County Airport is a county-owned general aviation facility located northeast of Washington Court House.
See also[edit]
Washington High School (Washington Court House, Ohio)
Education in Washington Court House
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "US Gazetteer files 2010". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
^ Jump up to: a b "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-01-06.
Jump up ^ "Population Estimates". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2013-06-17.
^ Jump up to: a b c "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
Jump up ^ "US Board on Geographic Names". United States Geological Survey. 2007-10-25. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
Jump up ^ Warren A. Johnson, Computer Resources Manager, City of Washington Court House, Ohio, email dated 17 November 2014
^ Jump up to: a b Allen, Frank M., ed. History of Fayette County, Ohio: Her People, Industries, and Institutions. Indianapolis: Bowen, 1914, 752.
Jump up ^ Dills, R.S. History of Fayette County, Together With Historic Notes on the Northwest, and the State of Ohio. Dayton: Odell and Mayer, 1881, 459.
^ Jump up to: a b National Park Service (2010-07-09). "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service.
Jump up ^ Kilbourn, John (1833). The Ohio Gazetteer, or, a Topographical Dictionary. Scott and Wright. p. 479. Retrieved 12 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Fayette County Comprehensive Use Strategy Plan, Fayette County, 2006, 13. Accessed 2013-05-23.
Jump up ^ "US Gazetteer files: 2010, 2000, and 1990". United States Census Bureau. 2011-02-12. Retrieved 2011-04-23.
Jump up ^ "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Number of Inhabitants: Ohio" (PDF). 18th Census of the United States. U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ohio: Population and Housing Unit Counts" (PDF). U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Incorporated Places and Minor Civil Divisions Datasets: Subcounty Population Estimates: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2012". U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved 25 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Columbus Media Market Map". Echo Star. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "About Washington C.H. Record-Herald". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "About Washington Herald 1858-1860". Chronicling America. Library of Congress. Retrieved January 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Self-reported, sworn statement of circulation (October 1, 2012). "Record Herald Rate Card" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on October 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Ohio town to charge overdose survivors with 'inducing panic'". Christian Science Monitor. 2017-03-07. Retrieved 2017-03-09.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Washington Court House city council". City of Washington. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Washington Court House Public Safety". City of Washington. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
Jump up ^ "Washington Court House Municipal Court". City of Washington. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
^ Jump up to: a b "Washington Court House Finance". City of Washington. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
Jump up ^ "Washington Court House Building Dept". City of Washington. Retrieved 2010-02-28.
Jump up ^ "City Income Tax Board - Washington Court House, OH". www.cityofwch.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "Civil Service Commission - Washington Court House, OH". www.cityofwch.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "City Planning Commission - Washington Court House, OH". www.cityofwch.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "Board of Zoning Appeals - Washington Court House, OH". www.cityofwch.com. Retrieved 17 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "Homepage". Carnegie Public Library of Washington Court House. Retrieved 25 February 2018.
External links[edit]
Media related to Washington Court House, Ohio at Wikimedia Commons
"Washington (or Washington Court House), a city and the county-seat of Fayette county, Ohio, U.S.A.". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). 1911.
"Washington Court House". New International Encyclopedia. 1905.
hide
v
t
e
Municipalities and communities of Fayette County, Ohio, United States
County seat: Washington Court House
City
Washington Court House
Villages
Bloomingburg
Jeffersonville
Milledgeville
New Holland‡
Octa
Townships
Concord
Green
Jasper
Jefferson
Madison
Marion
Paint
Perry
Union
Wayne
CDPs
Good Hope
Pancoastburg
Unincorporated
communities
Buena Vista
Cook
Cunningham
Eber
Edgefield
Fairview
Glendon
Hagler
Jasper Mills
Johnson
Luttrell
Madison Mills
Manara
McLean
New Martinsburg
Parrott
Plano‡
Pleasant View
Rock Mills
South Plymouth
Staunton
West Lancaster
White Oak
Yankeetown
Yatesville
Footnotes
‡This populated place also has portions in an adjacent county or counties
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Washington_Court_House,_Ohio&oldid=864822955"
Categories:
Washington Court House, Ohio
Cities in Ohio
County seats in Ohio
Hidden categories:
Articles with short description
Coordinates on Wikidata
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2014
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2007
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2013
Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
تۆرکجه
Bân-lâm-gú
Català
Cebuano
Español
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Italiano
Қазақша
Kreyòl ayisyen
Кыргызча
Malagasy
Nederlands
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
Polski
Português
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Svenska
Türkçe
اردو
Tiếng Việt
Volapük
Winaray
中文
18 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 19 October 2018, at 18:10 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

values: shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux

values:
/wiki/City_(Ohio)
mw-redirect
City (Ohio)

values: Official seal of Washington Court House, Ohio

values: Location of Washington Court House, Ohio

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
/wiki/Area_code_740
mw-redirect
Area code 740

values: Federal Information Processing Standards

values:
nofollow
http://www.cityofwch.com/
external free

values:
/wiki/United_States_Census_2010
mw-redirect
United States Census 2010

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2014)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2007)

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Paint_Creek_(Scioto_River)
mw-redirect
Paint Creek (Scioto River)

values:
/wiki/Edward_Smith,_Jr.,_Farm
mw-redirect
Edward Smith, Jr., Farm

values: Washington Court House Commercial Historic District (page does not exist)

values: Washington Cemetery (Washington Court House, Ohio)

values:
/wiki/Judy_Chapel
mw-redirect
Judy Chapel

values: Washington Middle School (Washington Court House, Ohio) (page does not exist)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2013)

values: padding-right:3px; padding-left:3px; font-size:110%; text-align:center

values: text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black

values: border-top:1px solid black; font-size:85%; text-align:center

values: border-spacing: 1px; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align:right

values:
/wiki/White_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
White (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/African_American_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
African American (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Native_American_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
Native American (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Asian_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
Asian (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Race_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
Race (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Hispanic_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
Hispanic (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Latino_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
Latino (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Pacific_Islander_(U.S._Census)
mw-redirect
Pacific Islander (U.S. Census)

values:
/wiki/Poverty_line
mw-redirect
Poverty line

values: Edit section: Other officials, as of 2017

values: Edit section: Boards and committees, as of May 2017

values:
/wiki/Public_school_district
mw-redirect
Public school district

values: Washington Court House City School District

values:
nofollow
external text
http://factfinder2.census.gov

values:
nofollow
external text
http://geonames.usgs.gov

values:
/wiki/Christian_Science_Monitor
mw-redirect
Christian Science Monitor

values:
nofollow
http://70.61.249.71/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.cplwcho.org

values: commons:Category:Washington Court House, Ohio

values: wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Washington (Ohio)

values: Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition

values: s:The New International Encyclopædia/Washington Court House

values:
navbox-image
6
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Village_(Ohio)
mw-redirect
Village (Ohio)

values: Jefferson Township, Fayette County, Ohio

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Articles with short description

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2014

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2007

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2013

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the New International Encyclopedia

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Washington_Court_House,_Ohio
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: واشنطن كورت هاوس (أوهايو) – Arabic

values: واشینقتون کورت هاوس، اوهایو – South Azerbaijani

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-azb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: واشینگتن کورت هاوس، اوهایو – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: Вашингтон Коурт Хаус (Огайо) – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values: Washington Court House, Ohio – Haitian Creole

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ht
display: none;

values: Вашингтон Коурт Хаус (Огайо) – Kyrgyz

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ky
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Вошингтон Корт Хаус (Охајо) – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values: Washington Court House, Ohio – Serbo-Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: واشنگٹن، اوہائیو – Urdu

values: Washington Court House, Ohio – Vietnamese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vo
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-war
display: none;

values: 华盛顿科特豪斯 – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Washington_Court_House_Ohio rootpage-Washington_Court_House_Ohio skin-vector action-view


text:
Air Force ranks and insignia of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Indian Armed Forces
Military Manpower
Active troops
1,325,000 (3rd)
Reserve forces
1,155,000 (7th)
Paramilitary forces
and CAPF
1,293,300 (4th)
Components
Indian Army
Indian Air Force
Indian Navy
Paramilitary forces of India
Central Armed Police Forces
Strategic Nuclear Command
History
Military history of India
Ranks
Air Force ranks and insignia
Army ranks and insignia
Naval ranks and insignia
The Indian Air Force's rank structure is based on that of the Royal Air Force. The highest rank attainable in the Indian Air Force is Marshal of the Indian Air Force, conferred by the President of India after exceptional service during wartime. MIAF Arjan Singh is the only officer to have achieved this rank. The head of the Indian Air Force is the Chief of the Air Staff, who holds the rank of Air Chief Marshal. The current Chief of the Air Staff is Air Chief Marshal Birender Singh Dhanoa, appointed on 31 December 2016, following the retirement of Air Chief Marshal Arup Raha.
Contents
[hide]
1 Officer ranks
2 Junior commissioned officer and non-commissioned ranks
3 See also
4 References
Officer ranks[edit]
The following table shows the officer rank insignia for the Indian Air Force. Even though India is not a NATO country, the NATO ranking codes are given for comparison with other nations' military ranks (see Air force officer rank insignia for more information).
Ranks of the Indian Air Force – Officer Ranks
Equivalent
NATO Code
OF-10
OF-9
OF-8
OF-7
OF-6
OF-5
OF-4
OF-3
OF-2
OF-1
OF(D) & Student officer
Shoulder
Sleeve
Rank Marshal of
the Air Force1 Air Chief
Marshal2 Air Marshal Air Vice
Marshal Air
Commodore Group
Captain Wing
Commander Squadron
Leader Flight
Lieutenant Flying
Officer
1 Honorary/War time rank
2 Held only by the Chief of Air Staff
Equivalent ranks of Indian Armed Forces (click to enlarge)
[show]
Equivalent ranks of Indian military
Indian Navy
Indian Army
Indian Air Force
Commissioned ranks
Admiral of
the Fleet Field Marshal Marshal of
the Air Force
Admiral General Air Chief Marshal
Vice Admiral Lieutenant General Air Marshal
Rear Admiral Major General Air Vice Marshal
Commodore Brigadier Air Commodore
Captain Colonel Group Captain
Commander Lieutenant Colonel Wing Commander
Lt. Commander Major Squadron Leader
Lieutenant Captain Flight Lieutenant
Sub Lieutenant Lieutenant Flying Officer
Junior commissioned ranks
Master Chief
Petty Officer
1st Class Subedar Major[Alt 1] Master warrant officer
Master Chief
Petty Officer
2nd Class Subedar[Alt 2] Warrant officer
Chief
Petty Officer Naib Subedar[Alt 3] Junior warrant officer
Non-commissioned ranks
Petty Officer Havildar Sergeant
Leading Seaman Naik Corporal
Seaman 1 Lance Naik Leading aircraftsman
Seaman 2 Sepoy Aircraftsman
Footnotes
Jump up ^ Risaldar Major in cavalry and armoured regiments
Jump up ^ Risaldar in cavalry and armoured regiments
Jump up ^ Naib Risaldar in cavalry and armoured regiments.
Called as Jemadar until 1965.

The IAF rank of pilot officer is a rank in abeyance in the Air Force and is no longer in force, all officers begin as flying officers upon commissioning.
Junior commissioned officer and non-commissioned ranks[edit]
Ranks of the Indian Air Force – enlisted ranks
Junior commissioned officer
Enlisted
Shoulder Arm
Sleeve
Rank Master
warrant officer Warrant officer Junior
warrant officer Sergeant Corporal Leading
aircraftsman Aircraftsman
See also[edit]
Comparative military ranks
Army ranks and insignia of India
Naval ranks and insignia of India
Police ranks and insignia of India
References[edit]
[show]
v
t
e
Military ranks and insignia by country
List of comparative military ranks
Africa
Algeria
Angola
Benin
Botswana
Burkina Faso
Burundi
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Comoros
DR Congo
Republic of the Congo
Djibouti
Egypt
Army
Navy
Air Force
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Gambia
Ghana
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Ivory Coast
Kenya
Lesotho
Liberia
Libya
Madagascar
Malawi
Mali
Mauritania
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Niger
Nigeria
Rwanda
São Tomé and Príncipe
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Somalia
South Africa
South Sudan
Sudan
Swaziland
Tanzania
Togo
Tunisia
Uganda
Zambia
Zimbabwe
Former
Biafra
Bophuthatswana
Kingdom of Egypt
Ethiopian Empire
Rhodesia
Zaire
Comparative
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
Americas
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Army
Air Force
Navy
Colombia
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Army
Navy
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Officers:
Army
Navy
Air Force
Coast Guard
Enlisted:
Army
Navy
Air Force
Coast Guard
Other:
Marine Corps
Warrant officer
Uruguay
Venezuela
Former
United States Army enlisted
World War I
World War II
Comparative
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
Asia
Afghanistan
Armenia
Azerbaijan
Army
Air Force
Navy
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Army
Navy
Air Force
Bhutan
Brunei
Cambodia
PR of China
Army
Navy
Air Force
Republic of China(Taiwan)
Army
Navy
Air Force
East Timor
India
Army
Air Force
Navy
Indonesia
Iran
Iraq
Israel
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Korea(North & South)
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Lebanon
Malaysia
Maldives
Mongolia
Myanmar
Army
Navy
Air Force
Nepal
Oman
Pakistan
Army
Air Force
Navy
Philippines
Qatar
Saudi Arabia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
Army
Navy
Air Force
Syria
Tajikistan
Thailand
Turkmenistan
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan
Vietnam
Yemen
Former
Democratic Kampuchea
Imperial Japan
Army
Navy
Mengjiang
Manchukuo
South Vietnam
Comparative
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
Europe
Albania
Austria
Belarus
Belgium
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Army
Navy
Air Force
Estonia
Finland
France
Army
Navy
Gendarmerie
Air Force
Foresters
Germany
Rank information
Rank insignia
Georgia
Greece
Hungary
Iceland
Land Forces
Coast Guard
Ireland
Italy
Army
Navy
Air Force
Carabinieri
Finance Guard
Latvia
Lithuania
Macedonia
Malta
Moldova
Monaco
Montenegro
Netherlands
Norway
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Russia
Army
Navy
Air Force
Between 1994 and 2010
Serbia
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
Switzerland
Turkey
Ukraine
United Kingdom
Army officers
Army other ranks
Navy officers
Navy ratings
Air Force officers
Air Force other ranks
Vatican
Former
Austria–Hungary
Czechoslovakia
Hungarian People's Republic
East Germany
Nazi Germany
Army
Navy
Air Force
People's Militia
SA
SS
Nazi Party
Kingdom of Greece
Army
Navy
Air Force
Kingdom of Hungary
Ottoman Empire
Russian Empire
Soviet Union
1918–35
1935–40
1940–43
1943–55
1955–91
Kingdom of Yugoslavia
SFR Yugoslavia
FR Yugoslavia
Comparative
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
Oceania
Australia
Fiji
New Zealand
Papua New Guinea
Vanuatu
Comparative
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
Commonwealth of Nations
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
NATO
Army
Officers
Enlisted
Air Force
Officers
Enlisted
Navy
Officers
Enlisted
Comparative officer ranks of
World War I
World War II
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_India&oldid=802537895"
Categories:
Indian Air Force
Air force ranks
Military ranks of India
Military insignia
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
മലയാളം
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 September 2017, at 20:06.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

value: b

value: caption

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: sup

values: List of countries by number of military and paramilitary personnel

value: td

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: class border cellspacing cellpadding style

values: float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; border:1px #798050 solid; border-collapse:collapse; background:#ffffff; font-size:95%;

values:
/wiki/Marshal_of_the_Air_Force#India
mw-redirect
Marshal of the Air Force

values:
/wiki/Air_Chief_Marshal
mw-redirect
Air Chief Marshal

values:
/wiki/Chief_of_Air_Staff_(India)
mw-redirect
Chief of Air Staff (India)

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: font-size:110%;padding:0.15em 3em 0.15em 0.15em;

values:
/wiki/Junior_Commissioned_Officer
mw-redirect
Junior Commissioned Officer

values:
/wiki/Subedar_Major
mw-redirect
Subedar Major

values:
/wiki/Warrant_Officer
mw-redirect
Warrant Officer

values:
/wiki/Naib_Subedar
mw-redirect
Naib Subedar

values:
/wiki/Petty_Officer
mw-redirect
Petty Officer

values:
/wiki/Leading_Seaman
mw-redirect
Leading Seaman

values:
/wiki/Leading_Aircraftsman
mw-redirect
Leading Aircraftsman

values:
/wiki/Risaldar_Major
mw-redirect
Risaldar Major

values:
/wiki/Naib_Risaldar
mw-redirect
Naib Risaldar

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: clear:right; float:right; width:auto; font-size:85%; border-spacing:2px; text-align:center; white-space:nowrap;

values: Edit section: Junior commissioned officer and non-commissioned ranks

values: border:1px solid #8888aa; background-color:#f7f8ff; padding:5px; font-size:95%; margin: 0px 12px 12px 0px;

values:
/wiki/Comparative_military_ranks
mw-redirect
Comparative military ranks

values: -moz-column-width: 25em; -webkit-column-width: 25em; column-width: 25em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Rank and insignia of the Algerian People's National Armed Forces

values: Military ranks of Angola (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Benin (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Botswana (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Burkina Faso (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Burundi (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Cape Verde (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Central African Republic

values: Military ranks of Comoros (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Democratic Republic of Congo

values: Military ranks of Republic of the Congo (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of the Armed Forces of Gabon

values: Military ranks of Guinea (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Guinea-Bissau (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Kenya (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Lesotho (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Liberia (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Libya (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Madagascar (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Malawi (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Mali (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of the Royal Moroccan Armed Forces (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Mozambique (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Namibia (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Niger (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Nigeria (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Rwanda (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of São Tomé and Príncipe (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Seychelles (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Sierra Leone (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of South Sudan (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Swaziland (page does not exist)

values: Rank and insignia of the Tanzanian Armed Forces

values: Military ranks of Togo (page does not exist)

values: Rank insignia of the Ugandan People's Defense Force (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Zambia (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Biafra (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Bophuthatswana (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of the Kingdom of Egypt (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of the Ethiopian Empire (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Zaire (page does not exist)

values: Comparative army officer ranks of Africa

values: Comparative army enlisted ranks of Africa

values: Comparative air force officer ranks of Africa

values: Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Africa

values: Comparative navy officer ranks of Africa

values: Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Africa

values: Canadian Armed Forces ranks and insignia

values: Naval ranks and insignia of Chile (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of the Colombian Armed Forces

values: Ranks of the Cuban Revolutionary Armed Forces

values: Military ranks of El Salvador (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Grenada (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Guatemala (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Guyana (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Haiti (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Honduras (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Jamaica (page does not exist)

values: Military and police ranks of the Panamanian Public Forces (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Paraguay (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Peru (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks of Suriname (page does not exist)

values: United States Army officer rank insignia

values: United States Navy officer rank insignia

values: United States Air Force officer rank insignia

values: United States Coast Guard officer rank insignia

values: United States Army enlisted rank insignia

values: List of United States Navy enlisted rates

values: United States Air Force enlisted rank insignia

values: List of United States Coast Guard enlisted ranks

values: United States Marine Corps rank insignia

values: Ranks of the Armed Forces of Uruguay (page does not exist)

values: United States Army enlisted rank insignia of World War II

values: Comparative army officer ranks of the Americas

values: Comparative army enlisted ranks of the Americas

values: Comparative air force officer ranks of the Americas

values: Comparative air force enlisted ranks of the Americas

values: Comparative navy officer ranks of the Americas

values: Comparative navy enlisted ranks of the Americas

values: Military ranks insignia of Azerbaijan Land Force

values: Military ranks insignia of Azerbaijan Air Force

values: Military ranks insignia of Azerbaijan Navy

values: Military ranks of the Royal Brunei Armed Forces

values: Military ranks of the Royal Cambodian Armed Forces

values: Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Ground Force

values: Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Navy

values: Ranks of the People's Liberation Army Air Force

values: Republic of China Navy rank and rating insignia

values: Republic of China Air Force rank insignia

values: Military ranks and insignia of the Japan Self-Defense Forces

values: Military ranks of the Lao People's Armed Forces

values: Air Force ranks and insignia of Pakistan

values: Military ranks and insignia of the Sri Lanka Army

values: Military ranks and insignia of the Sri Lanka Navy

values: Military ranks and insignia of the Sri Lanka Air Force

values: Military ranks of Democratic Kampuchea (page does not exist)

values: Army ranks of the Japanese Empire during World War II

values: Naval ranks of the Japanese Empire during World War II

values: Rank insignia of the Manchukuo Imperial Army

values: South Vietnamese military ranks and insignia

values: Comparative air force officer ranks of Asia

values: Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Asia

values: Military ranks of Belarus (page does not exist)

values: Military ranks and insignia of Bosnia and Herzegovina

values: Cyprus military ranks (page does not exist)

values: Ranks and insignia of the Latvian National Armed Forces

values: Military ranks of the Dutch armed forces

values: Romanian Armed Forces ranks and insignia

values: Army ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation

values: Naval ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation

values: Air Force ranks and insignia of the Russian Federation

values: Ranks and rank insignia of the Russian Federation´s armed forces 1994–2010

values: Military ranks of the Swedish Armed Forces

values: Military ranks of the Swiss Armed Forces

values: Rank insignias of the Austro-Hungarian armed forces

values: Ranks of the Hungarian People's Army (page does not exist)

values: Ranks and insignia of the German Army (1935–1945)

values: Uniforms and insignia of the Kriegsmarine

values: Military ranks of the Luftwaffe (1935–45)

values: Uniforms and insignia of the Sturmabteilung

values:
/wiki/Royal_Hellenic_Navy_Ranks
mw-redirect
Royal Hellenic Navy Ranks

values: Military ranks of Kingdom of Hungary (page does not exist)

values: Ranks and rank insignia of the Russian armed forces until 1917

values: Ranks and rank insignia of the Red Army 1918–1935

values: Ranks and insignia of the Red Army and Navy 1935–1940

values: Ranks and insignia of the Red Army and Navy 1940–1943

values: Ranks and insignia of the Soviet Armed Forces 1943–1955

values: Ranks and insignia of the Soviet Armed Forces 1955–1991

values: Royal Yugoslav Armed Forces ranks (page does not exist)

values: Ranks and insignia of the Armed Forces of Serbia and Montenegro

values: Comparative army officer ranks of Europe

values: Comparative army enlisted ranks of Europe

values: Comparative air force officer ranks of Europe

values: Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Europe

values: Comparative navy officer ranks of Europe

values: Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Europe

values: Ranks of the Republic of Fiji Military Forces

values: Comparative army officer ranks of Oceania

values: Comparative army enlisted ranks of Oceania

values: Comparative air force officer ranks of Oceania

values: Comparative air force enlisted ranks of Oceania

values: Comparative navy officer ranks of Oceania

values: Comparative navy enlisted ranks of Oceania

values: Comparative army officer ranks of the Commonwealth

values: Comparative army enlisted ranks of the Commonwealth

values: Comparative air force officer ranks of the Commonwealth

values: Comparative air force enlisted ranks of the Commonwealth

values: Comparative navy officer ranks of the Commonwealth

values: Comparative navy enlisted ranks of the Commonwealth

values: Ranks and insignia of NATO armies officers

values: Ranks and insignia of NATO armies enlisted

values: Ranks and insignia of NATO air forces officers

values: Ranks and insignia of NATO air forces enlisted

values: Ranks and insignia of NATO navies' officers

values: Ranks and insignia of NATO navies enlisted

values: Comparative officer ranks of World War I

values: Comparative officer ranks of World War II

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: റാങ്കുകളും പദവികളും (ഇന്ത്യൻ വ്യോമസേന) – Malayalam

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_India rootpage-Air_Force_ranks_and_insignia_of_India skin-vector action-view


text:
The World According to Garp (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (September 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The World According to Garp
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
George Roy Hill
Produced by
George Roy Hill
Screenplay by
Steve Tesich
Based on
The World According to Garp
by John Irving
Starring
Robin Williams
Mary Beth Hurt
Glenn Close
John Lithgow
Cinematography
Miroslav Ondricek
Edited by
Stephen A. Rotter
Production
company
Warner Bros.
Pan Arts
Distributed by
Warner Bros.
Release date
July 23, 1982 (1982-07-23)
Running time
136 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$17 million
Box office
$29,712,172
The World According to Garp is a 1982 American comedy-drama film produced and directed by George Roy Hill, written by Steve Tesich, and starring Robin Williams in the title role. It is based on the novel The World According to Garp by John Irving. For their roles, John Lithgow and Glenn Close were respectively nominated for Best Actor in a Supporting Role and Best Actress in a Supporting Role at the 55th Academy Awards.
The movie adaptation was filmed mostly in the Leewood Estates neighborhood of Eastchester, New York in the spring and summer of 1981. Many scenes were filmed at the town's high school, as well as Rutgers University.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
T. S. Garp is the illegitimate son of a feminist mother, Jenny Fields, who wanted a child but not a husband. A nurse during World War II, she encounters a dying ball turret gunner known only as Technical Sergeant Garp (that being the only sound he is able to utter) who was severely brain damaged in combat. Unconstrained by convention and driven by her desire for a child, Jenny is able to rape Garp due to his priapism, thus impregnating herself. She names the resultant child after Garp and raises him on her own.
Garp grows up, becoming interested in wrestling and fiction writing, topics his mother has little interest in. Garp's writing piques the interest of the daughter of the school's wrestling coach, Helen Holm. She is wary of him. Jenny also observes Garp's interest in this regard and is intellectually curious about it, having little more than clinical interest in sex herself. She offers to procure a prostitute for Garp, and - after engaging the two of them in conversation on the subject - decides to write a book on her observations of lust and human sexuality.
Her book is a partial autobiography called Sexual Suspect, and is an overnight sensation. Jenny becomes a feminist icon. She uses the proceeds from the book to found a center at her home for troubled and abused women and transsexuals. Meanwhile, Garp's first novel is published, which impresses Helen. The two marry and eventually have two children, Duncan and Walt. Garp becomes a devoted parent and successful fiction writer, while Helen becomes a college professor.
Having learned about his wife's infidelity with one of her students, Garp gets into a car accident while his children are riding in the back seat. He crashes into his wife's lover's car, parked in their driveway, while his wife is in the car performing fellatio. As a result, Walt is killed and Duncan suffers an eye injury. Garp, through the aid of his mother, learns to forgive himself and his wife for their fidelity problems. The couple reconcile, and they have a baby daughter named Jenny.
Garp spends time visiting his mother and the people who live at her center, including transsexual ex-football player Roberta Muldoon. He also first hears the story of Ellen James, a girl who was gang raped and then had her tongue cut out so that she could not identify her attackers. Some of the women at Jenny's center are "Ellen Jamesians", women who voluntarily cut out their own tongues as a show of solidarity. Garp is horrified by the practice and learns that the Jamesians have received a letter from Ellen James begging them to stop the practice, but that they have voted to refuse.
Jenny receives credible death threats, because of both her center and her book. To Garp's dismay, she is dismissive of physical danger, and in fact, decides to endorse a politician who supports her message. Garp writes a book about the life of Ellen James. The book is very successful and well-regarded, but is highly critical of the Jamesians. Garp begins receiving death threats of his own from them.
During a political rally, Jenny is shot and killed by an anti-feminist fanatic. The women of Jenny's center hold a memorial for her, but forbid all men from attending. Garp, dressed as a woman, is secreted into the memorial by Muldoon. He is identified by Pooh, a Jamesian he had known when they both were in school. A commotion breaks out, and Garp is in danger of being hurt, until a woman leads him out of the memorial, away from danger, and to a taxi. The woman is Ellen James, who thanks Garp for his book about her. The Jamesians are further outraged that Garp attended the memorial.
Garp returns to his old school as the wrestling coach. One day during practice, Pooh enters the gymnasium and shoots him at close range with a pistol. Garp is airlifted away from the school by helicopter with his wife. He flashes back to an earlier time when his mother would toss him into the air.
Cast[edit]
Robin Williams as T.S. Garp
James "J.B." McCall as young Garp
Mary Beth Hurt as Helen Holm
Glenn Close as Jenny Fields
John Lithgow as Roberta Muldoon
Hume Cronyn as Mr. Fields
Jessica Tandy as Mrs. Fields
Swoosie Kurtz as The Hooker
Peter Michael Goetz as John Wolf
Mark Soper as Michael Milton
Warren Berlinger as Stew Percy
Brandon Maggart as Ernie Holm
Amanda Plummer as Ellen James
Jenny Wright as Cushie (Steering School)
Reception[edit]
The World According to Garp was generally well received by critics. Review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes gives the film a score of 79% based on reviews from 14 critics.[1]
Film critic Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times gave the film three stars out of four, by which he was "entertained but unmoved," three stars as a "palatable" interpretation of the novel, considering it "wonderfully well-written" yet "cruel, annoying and smug," and wrote:
I thought the acting was unconventional and absorbing (especially by Williams, by Glenn Close as his mother, and by John Lithgow as a transsexual). I thought the visualization of the events, by director George Roy Hill, was fresh and consistently interesting. But when the movie was over, my immediate response was not at all what it should have been. All I could find to ask myself was: What the hell was that all about?[2]
Janet Maslin of The New York Times wrote that "the movie is a very fair rendering of Mr. Irving's novel, with similar strengths and weaknesses. If the novel was picaresque and precious, so is the film - although the absence of the book's self-congratulatory streak helps the movie achieve a much lighter, more easy-going style."[3]
Film critic Pauline Kael wrote, "There's no feeling of truth in either the book or the movie," and that this "generally faithful adaptation, seems no more (and no less) than a castration fantasy."[4]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The World According to Garp". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved 2011-10-03.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (January 1, 1982). "The World According to Garp". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved October 3, 2011.
Jump up ^ Maslin, Janet (July 23, 1982). "The World According to Garp (1982)". New York Times. Retrieved May 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ Kael, Pauline (1984). "Neutered". Taking It All In. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston. pp. 376–381. ISBN 0-03-069361-6.
External links[edit]
The World According to Garp on IMDb
The World According to Garp at Rotten Tomatoes
The World According to Garp at Box Office Mojo
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by George Roy Hill
Period of Adjustment (1962)
Toys in the Attic (1963)
The World of Henry Orient (1964)
Hawaii (1966)
Thoroughly Modern Millie (1967)
Butch Cassidy and the Sundance Kid (1969)
Slaughterhouse-Five (1972)
The Sting (1973)
The Great Waldo Pepper (1975)
Slap Shot (1977)
A Little Romance (1979)
The World According to Garp (1982)
The Little Drummer Girl (1984)
Funny Farm (1988)
[show]
v
t
e
Works by John Irving
Novels
Setting Free the Bears
The Water-Method Man
The 158-Pound Marriage
The World According to Garp
The Hotel New Hampshire
The Cider House Rules
A Prayer for Owen Meany
A Son of the Circus
A Widow for One Year
The Fourth Hand
Until I Find You
Last Night in Twisted River
In One Person
Avenue of Mysteries
Short story collections
Trying to Save Piggy Sneed
Children's fiction
A Sound Like Someone Trying Not to Make a Sound
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_World_According_to_Garp_(film)&oldid=801607991"
Categories:
1982 films
English-language films
American films
Films based on works by John Irving
Films about writers
1980s romantic comedy films
American comedy-drama films
Transgender in film
Warner Bros. films
Films directed by George Roy Hill
1980s LGBT-related films
Films shot in New Jersey
American LGBT-related films
Adultery in films
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from September 2017
All articles needing additional references
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Беларуская
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Italiano
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Nederlands
Polski
Português
Русский
Simple English
Suomi
Svenska
Українська
Edit links
This page was last edited on 20 September 2017, at 18:37.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: href class

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
/wiki/Miroslav_Ondricek
mw-redirect
Miroslav Ondricek

values:
/wiki/Comedy-drama_film
mw-redirect
Comedy-drama film

values: Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress

values:
/wiki/Eastchester,_New_York
mw-redirect
Eastchester, New York

values:
/wiki/Technical_Sergeant
mw-redirect
Technical Sergeant

values: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

values: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

values:
/wiki/New_York_Times
mw-redirect
New York Times

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0084917/
external text

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Short story collections by John Irving

values: Category:Films based on works by John Irving

values: Category:Films directed by George Roy Hill

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from September 2017

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: Свет паводле Гарпа (фільм) – Belarusian

values: Garp und wie er die Welt sah (Film) – German

values: جهان به گفته گارپ (فیلم) – Persian

values: Pasaulis pagal Garpą (filmas) – Lithuanian

values: The World According to Garp (film) – Dutch

values: The World According to Garp (filme) – Portuguese

values: Мир по Гарпу – Russian

values: The World According to Garp (movie) – Simple English

values: Світ по Гарпу – Ukrainian

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_World_According_to_Garp_film rootpage-The_World_According_to_Garp_film vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Synchronous motor
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A synchronous motor from a Hammond organ
Small synchronous motor with integral stepdown gear from a microwave oven
A synchronous electric motor is an AC motor in which, at steady state,[1] the rotation of the shaft is synchronized with the frequency of the supply current; the rotation period is exactly equal to an integral number of AC cycles. Synchronous motors contain multiphase AC electromagnets on the stator of the motor that create a magnetic field which rotates in time with the oscillations of the line current. The rotor with permanent magnets or electromagnets turns in step with the stator field at the same rate and as a result, provides the second synchronized rotating magnet field of any AC motor. A synchronous motor is only considered doubly fed if it is supplied with independently excited multiphase AC electromagnets on both the rotor and stator.
The synchronous motor and induction motor are the most widely used types of AC motor. The difference between the two types is that the synchronous motor rotates at a rate locked to the line frequency. The synchronous motor does not rely on current induction to produce the rotor's magnetic field. By contrast, the induction motor requires slip: the rotor must rotate slightly slower than the AC current alternations in order to induce current in the rotor winding. Small synchronous motors are used in timing applications such as in synchronous clocks, timers in appliances, tape recorders and precision servomechanisms in which the motor must operate at a precise speed; speed accuracy is that of the power line frequency, which is carefully controlled in large interconnected grid systems.
Synchronous motors are available in sub-fractional self-excited sizes[2] to high-horsepower industrial sizes.[1] In the fractional horsepower range, most synchronous motors are used where precise constant speed is required. These machines are commonly used in analog electric clocks, timers and other devices where correct time is required. In high-horsepower industrial sizes, the synchronous motor provides two important functions. First, it is a highly efficient means of converting AC energy to work. Second, it can operate at leading or unity power factor and thereby provide power-factor correction.
Contents
[hide]
1 Type
1.1 Non-excited motors
1.1.1 Reluctance motors
1.1.2 Hysteresis motors
1.1.3 Permanent-magnet motors
1.2 DC-excited motors
2 Synchronous speed
2.1 Examples
3 Construction
4 Operation
5 Starting methods
6 Applications, special properties, and advantages
6.1 Use as synchronous condenser
6.2 Steady state stability limit
6.3 Other
7 Subtypes
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Type[edit]
Synchronous motors fall under the more general category of synchronous machines which also includes the synchronous generator. Generator action will be observed if the field poles are "driven ahead of the resultant air-gap flux by the forward motion of the prime mover". Motor action will be observed if the field poles are "dragged behind the resultant air-gap flux by the retarding torque of a shaft load".[1]
There are two major types of synchronous motors depending on how the rotor is magnetized: non-excited and direct-current excited.[3]
Non-excited motors[edit]
Single-phase 60 Hz 1800 RPM synchronous motor for Teletype machine, non-excited rotor type, manufactured from 1930 to 1955.
In non-excited motors, the rotor is made of steel. At synchronous speed it rotates in step with the rotating magnetic field of the stator, so it has an almost-constant magnetic field through it. The external stator field magnetizes the rotor, inducing the magnetic poles needed to turn it. The rotor is made of a high-retentivity steel such as cobalt steel. These are manufactured in permanent magnet, reluctance and hysteresis designs:[4]
Reluctance motors[edit]
These have a rotor consisting of a solid steel casting with projecting (salient) toothed poles. Typically there are fewer rotor than stator poles to minimize torque ripple and to prevent the poles from all aligning simultaneously—a position which cannot generate torque.[2][5] The size of the air gap in the magnetic circuit and thus the reluctance is minimum when the poles are aligned with the (rotating) magnetic field of the stator, and increases with the angle between them. This creates a torque pulling the rotor into alignment with the nearest pole of the stator field. Thus at synchronous speed the rotor is "locked" to the rotating stator field. This cannot start the motor, so the rotor poles usually have squirrel-cage windings embedded in them, to provide torque below synchronous speed. The machine starts as an induction motor until it approaches synchronous speed, when the rotor "pulls in" and locks to the rotating stator field.[6]
Reluctance motor designs have ratings that range from fractional horsepower (a few watts) to about 22 kW. Very small reluctance motors have low torque, and are generally used for instrumentation applications. Moderate torque, integral horsepower motors use squirrel cage construction with toothed rotors. When used with an adjustable frequency power supply, all motors in the drive system can be controlled at exactly the same speed. The power supply frequency determines motor operating speed.
Hysteresis motors[edit]
These have a solid smooth cylindrical rotor, cast of a high coercivity magnetically "hard" cobalt steel.[5] This material has a wide hysteresis loop (high coercivity), meaning once it is magnetized in a given direction, it requires a large reverse magnetic field to reverse the magnetization. The rotating stator field causes each small volume of the rotor to experience a reversing magnetic field. Because of hysteresis the phase of the magnetization lags behind the phase of the applied field. The result of this is that the axis of the magnetic field induced in the rotor lags behind the axis of the stator field by a constant angle δ, producing a torque as the rotor tries to "catch up" with the stator field. As long as the rotor is below synchronous speed, each particle of the rotor experiences a reversing magnetic field at the "slip" frequency which drives it around its hysteresis loop, causing the rotor field to lag and create torque. There is a 2-pole low reluctance bar structure in the rotor.[5] As the rotor approaches synchronous speed and slip goes to zero, this magnetizes and aligns with the stator field, causing the rotor to "lock" to the rotating stator field.
A major advantage of the hysteresis motor is that since the lag angle δ is independent of speed, it develops constant torque from startup to synchronous speed. Therefore, it is self-starting and doesn't need an induction winding to start it, although many designs do have a squirrel-cage conductive winding structure embedded in the rotor to provide extra torque at start-up.[citation needed]
Hysteresis motors are manufactured in sub-fractional horsepower ratings, primarily as servomotors and timing motors. More expensive than the reluctance type, hysteresis motors are used where precise constant speed is required.[citation needed]
Permanent-magnet motors[edit]
A permanent-magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) uses permanent magnets embedded in the steel rotor to create a constant magnetic field. The stator carries windings connected to an AC supply to produce a rotating magnetic field. At synchronous speed the rotor poles lock to the rotating magnetic field. Permanent magnet synchronous motors are similar to brushless DC motors.
Because of the constant magnetic field in the rotor these cannot use induction windings for starting. These motors require a variable-frequency power source to start.[7][8][9][10][11]
The main difference between a permanent magnet synchronous motor and an asynchronous motor is the rotor.
Permanent magnet motors have been used as gearless elevator motors since 2000.[12]
DC-excited motors[edit]
DC-excited motor, 1917. The exciter is clearly seen at the rear of the machine.
Usually made in larger sizes (larger than about 1 horsepower or 1 kilowatt) these motors require direct current (DC) supplied to the rotor for excitation. This is most straightforwardly supplied through slip rings, but a brushless AC induction and rectifier arrangement may also be used.[13] The direct current may be supplied from a separate DC source or from a DC generator directly connected to the motor shaft.
Synchronous speed[edit]
The synchronous speed of a synchronous motor is given:[14]
in rpm, by:
N s = 60 f P = 120 f p {\displaystyle N_{s}=60{\frac {f}{P}}=120{\frac {f}{p}}}
and in rad·s−1, by:
ω s = 2 π f P {\displaystyle \omega _{s}=2\pi {\frac {f}{P}}}
where:
f {\displaystyle f} is the frequency of the AC supply current in Hz,
p {\displaystyle p} is the number of poles per phase.
P {\displaystyle P} is the pair number of poles per phase. P {\displaystyle P} = p {\displaystyle p} /2
If p {\displaystyle p} is the number of pole pairs per phase (rarely, planes of commutation) instead, simply divide both formulas by 2.
Examples[edit]
A single-phase, 4-pole (2-pole-pair) synchronous motor is operating at an AC supply frequency of 50 Hz. The number of pole-pairs per phase is 2/1 = 2, so the synchronous speed is:
N s = 60 × 50 2 = 1500 rpm {\displaystyle N_{s}=60\times {\frac {50}{2}}=1500\,\,{\text{rpm}}}
A three-phase, 12-pole (6-pole-pair) synchronous motor is operating at an AC supply frequency of 60 Hz. The number of pole-pairs per phase is 6/3 = 2, so the synchronous speed is:
N s = 60 × 60 2 = 1800 rpm {\displaystyle N_{s}=60\times {\frac {60}{2}}=1800\,\,{\text{rpm}}}
Construction[edit]
Rotor of a large water pump. The slip rings can be seen below the rotor drum.
Stator winding of a large water pump
The principal components of a synchronous motor are the stator and the rotor.[15] The stator of synchronous motor and stator of induction motor are similar in construction.[16] With the wound-rotor synchronous doubly fed electric machine as the exception, the stator frame contains wrapper plate.[17] Circumferential ribs and keybars are attached to the wrapper plate.[17] To carry the weight of the machine, frame mounts and footings are required.[17] When the field winding is excited by DC excitation, brushes and slip rings are required to connect to the excitation supply.[18] The field winding can also be excited by a brushless exciter.[19] Cylindrical, round rotors, (also known as non salient pole rotor) are used for up to six poles. In some machines or when a large number of poles are needed, a salient pole rotor is used.[20][21] The construction of synchronous motor is similar to that of a synchronous alternator.[22]
Operation[edit]
The rotating magnetic field is formed from the sum of the magnetic field vectors of the three phases of the stator windings.
The operation of a synchronous motor is due to the interaction of the magnetic fields of the stator and the rotor. Its stator winding, which consists of a 3 phase winding, is provided with a 3 phase supply, and the rotor is provided with a DC supply. The 3 phase stator winding carrying 3 phase currents produces 3 phase rotating magnetic flux (and therefore a rotating magnetic field). The rotor locks in with the rotating magnetic field and rotates along with it. Once the rotor locks in with the rotating magnetic field, the motor is said to be in synchronization. A single-phase (or two-phase derived from single phase) stator winding is possible, but in this case the direction of rotation is not defined and the machine may start in either direction unless prevented from doing so by the starting arrangements.[23]
Once the motor is in operation, the speed of the motor is dependent only on the supply frequency. When the motor load is increased beyond the breakdown load, the motor falls out of synchronization and the field winding no longer follows the rotating magnetic field. Since the motor cannot produce (synchronous) torque if it falls out of synchronization, practical synchronous motors have a partial or complete squirrel-cage damper (amortisseur) winding to stabilize operation and facilitate starting. Because this winding is smaller than that of an equivalent induction motor and can overheat on long operation, and because large slip-frequency voltages are induced in the rotor excitation winding, synchronous motor protection devices sense this condition and interrupt the power supply (out of step protection).[23]
Starting methods[edit]
Above a certain size, synchronous motors are not self-starting motors. This property is due to the inertia of the rotor; it cannot instantly follow the rotation of the magnetic field of the stator. Since a synchronous motor produces no inherent average torque at standstill, it cannot accelerate to synchronous speed without some supplemental mechanism.[2]
Large motors operating on commercial power frequency include a squirrel-cage induction winding which provides sufficient torque for acceleration and which also serves to damp oscillations in motor speed in operation.[2] Once the rotor nears the synchronous speed, the field winding is excited, and the motor pulls into synchronization. Very large motor systems may include a "pony" motor that accelerates the unloaded synchronous machine before load is applied.[24] Motors that are electronically controlled can be accelerated from zero speed by changing the frequency of the stator current.[25]
Very small synchronous motors are commonly used in line-powered electric mechanical clocks or timers that use the power line frequency to run the gear mechanism at the correct speed. Such small synchronous motors are able to start without assistance if the moment of inertia of the rotor and its mechanical load is sufficiently small [because the motor] will be accelerated from slip speed up to synchronous speed during an accelerating half cycle of the reluctance torque."[2] Single-phase synchronous motors such as in electric wall clocks can freely rotate in either direction unlike a shaded-pole type. See Shaded-pole synchronous motor for how consistent starting direction is obtained.
Applications, special properties, and advantages[edit]
Use as synchronous condenser[edit]
Main article: Synchronous condenser
V-curve of a synchronous machine
By varying the excitation of a synchronous motor, it can be made to operate at lagging, leading and unity power factor. Excitation at which the power factor is unity is termed normal excitation voltage.[26] The magnitude of current at this excitation is minimum.[26] Excitation voltage more than normal excitation is called over excitation voltage, excitation voltage less than normal excitation is called under excitation.[26] When the motor is over excited, the back emf will be greater than the motor terminal voltage. This causes a demagnetizing effect due to armature reaction.[27]
The V curve of a synchronous machine shows armature current as a function of field current. With increasing field current armature current at first decreases, then reaches a minimum, then increases. The minimum point is also the point at which power factor is unity.[28]
This ability to selectively control power factor can be exploited for power factor correction of the power system to which the motor is connected. Since most power systems of any significant size have a net lagging power factor, the presence of overexcited synchronous motors moves the system's net power factor closer to unity, improving efficiency. Such power-factor correction is usually a side effect of motors already present in the system to provide mechanical work, although motors can be run without mechanical load simply to provide power-factor correction. In large industrial plants such as factories the interaction between synchronous motors and other, lagging, loads may be an explicit consideration in the plant's electrical design.[citation needed]
Steady state stability limit[edit]
T = T max sin  ( δ ) {\displaystyle \mathbf {T} =\mathbf {T} _{\text{max}}\sin(\delta )}
where,
T {\displaystyle \mathbf {T} } is the torque
δ {\displaystyle \delta } is the torque angle
T max {\displaystyle \mathbf {T} _{\text{max}}} is the maximum torque
here,
T max = 3 V E X s ω s {\displaystyle \mathbf {T} _{\text{max}}={\frac {{\mathbf {3} }{\mathbf {V} }{\mathbf {E} }}{{\mathbf {X_{s}} }{\omega _{s}}}}}
When load is applied, torque angle δ {\displaystyle \delta } increases. When δ {\displaystyle \delta } = 90° the torque will be maximum. If load is applied further then the motor will lose its synchronism, since motor torque will be less than load torque.[29][30] The maximum load torque that can be applied to a motor without losing its synchronism is called steady state stability limit of a synchronous motor.[29]
Other[edit]
Synchronous motors are especially useful in applications requiring precise speed and/or position control.
Speed is independent of the load over the operating range of the motor.
Speed and position may be accurately controlled using open loop controls; e.g., stepper motors.
Low-power applications include positioning machines, where high precision is required, and robot actuators.
They will hold their position when a DC current is applied to both the stator and the rotor windings.
A clock driven by a synchronous motor is in principle as accurate as the line frequency of its power source. (Although small frequency drifts will occur over any given several hours, grid operators actively adjust line frequency in later periods to compensate, thereby keeping motor-driven clocks accurate; see Utility frequency#Stability.)
Record player turntables
Increased efficiency in low-speed applications (e.g., ball mills).
Subtypes[edit]
Three-phase AC synchronous motors
Synchronous brushless wound-rotor doubly-fed electric machine
Stepper motor (may be synchronous or not)
Reluctance motor (may be synchronous or not)
See also[edit]
Short circuit ratio
Doubly fed electric machine
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Fitzgerald, A. E.; Charles Kingsley, Jr.; Alexander Kusko (1972). "Chapter 6, Synchronous machines, steady state". Electric Machinery, 3rd Ed. USA: McGraw-Hill. pp. 283–330. Library of Congress Catalog No. 70-137126.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Fitzgerald, A. E.; Charles Kingsley, Jr.; Alexander Kusko (1971). "Chapter 11, section 11.2 Starting and Running Performance of Single-phase Induction and Synchronous Motors, Self-starting Reluctance Motors". Electric Machinery, 3rd Ed. USA: McGraw-Hill. pp. 536–538. Library of Congress Catalog No. 70-137126.
Jump up ^ James G Stallcup, Stallcup's Generator, Transformer, Motor and Compressor, page 15-13, Jones & Bartlett, 2012 ISBN 1-4496-9519-1.
Jump up ^ William Yeadon (ed.), Handbook of Small Electric Motors, McGraw-Hill 2001 ISBN 0-07-072332-X, Chapter 12 "Synchronous Machines"
^ Jump up to: a b c Gottlieb, Irving M. (1997). Practical electric motor handbook, 2nd Ed. USA: Newnes. pp. 73–76. ISBN 0-7506-3638-6.
Jump up ^ Michael A. Laughton (2003), "19.2.5 Reluctance motors", Electrical Engineer's Reference Book, Newnes, p. 19/8, ISBN 978-0-7506-4637-6
Jump up ^ R. Islam; I. Husain; A. Fardoun; K. McLaughlin. "Permanent-Magnet Synchronous Motor Magnet Designs With Skewing for Torque Ripple and Cogging Torque Reduction". Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on. 2009. doi: 10.1109/TIA.2008.2009653
Jump up ^ Ki-Chan Kim; Seung-Bin Lim; Dae-Hyun Koo; Ju Lee. The Shape Design of Permanent Magnet for Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor Considering Partial Demagnetization". Magnetics, IEEE Transactions on. 2006. doi: 10.1109/TMAG.2006.879077
Jump up ^ P. Pillay; R. Krishnan. "Application characteristics of permanent magnet synchronous and brushless DC motors for servo drives". Industry Applications, IEEE Transactions on. 1991. doi: 10.1109/28.90357 quote: "The permanent magnet synchronous motor (PMSM) and the brushless DC motor (BDCM) have many similarities; they both have permanent magnets on the rotor and require alternating stator currents to produce constant torque."
Jump up ^ Y. Honda; T. Nakamura; T. Higaki; Y. Takeda. "Motor design considerations and test results of an interior permanent magnet synchronous motor for electric vehicles". Industry Applications Conference, 1997. Thirty-Second IAS Annual Meeting, IAS '97., Conference Record of the 1997 IEEE. 1997. doi: 10.1109/IAS.1997.643011
Jump up ^ M.A. Rahman; Ping Zhou. "Analysis of brushless permanent magnet synchronous motors". Industrial Electronics, IEEE Transactions on. 1996. doi: 10.1109/41.491349
Jump up ^ Mehri, Darius Mehri (2000-09-18). "Belts lift performance". Design News.
Jump up ^ H.E. Jordan, Energy-Efficient Electric Motors and Their Applications, page 104, Springer, 1994 ISBN 0-306-44698-7
Jump up ^ "Motor speed". Electrician's toolbox etc.
Jump up ^ "Electrical machine". University of Alberta.
Jump up ^ Finney, David. Variable Frequency Ac Motor Drive System. B (1991 reprint ed.). Peter Peregrinus, Ltd. p. 33. ISBN 978-0-86341-114-4.
^ Jump up to: a b c Isidor Kerszenbaum, Geoff Klempner. Handbook of Large Turbo-Generator Operation and Maintenance (Second ed.). Wiley.
Jump up ^ Gerald B. Kliman, Hamid A. Toliyat. Handbook of Electric Motors (Second ed.). p. 302.
Jump up ^ Jordan, Howard E. Energy-Efficient Electric Motors and Their Applications. B (Second ed.). Plenum press. p. 104. ISBN 0-306-44698-7.
Jump up ^ Theraja, B.L. Electrical technology. II (2010 reprint ed.). S. Chand. p. 1404. ISBN 81-219-2437-5.
Jump up ^ Isidor Kerszenbaum, Geoff Klempner. Handbook of Large Turbo-Generator Operation and Maintenance (Second ed.). Wiley.
Jump up ^ Theraja, B.L. Electrical technology. II (2010 reprint ed.). S. Chand. p. 1490. ISBN 81-219-2437-5.
^ Jump up to: a b IEEE Standard 141-1993 Recommended Practice for Electric Power Distribution for Industrial Plants pages 227-230
Jump up ^ Jerry C. Whitaker, AC Power Systems Handbook, page 192, CRC Press, 2007 ISBN 0-8493-4034-9.
Jump up ^ David Finney, Variable Frequency AC Motor Drive System, page 32, IEE, 1988 ISBN 0-86341-114-2.
^ Jump up to: a b c Bhattacharya, S. K. Electrical Machines (third ed.). Tata - McGraw Hill. p. 481. OCLC 808866911.
Jump up ^ Kosow, Irving L. Electric Machinery And Transformers (second ed.). Pearson Education. p. 230. OCLC 222453.
Jump up ^ Theraja, B L; Theraja, A K. Electrical technology. II (2010 reprint ed.). S Chand. p. 1524.
^ Jump up to: a b Dubey, G K. Fundamentals of electrical drives. Narosa publishing chennai. p. 254.
Jump up ^ Pillai, S K. A First Course On Electrical Drives (second ed.). New age international. p. 25.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Synchronous motors.
Synchronous motor animation

[show]
v
t
e
Electric motors
AC - Alternating current
DC - Direct current
PM - Permanent magnet
SC - Self-commutated
Fundamental types
AC motor
DC motor
DC motors
Homopolar
Electrically-excited field or PM field brushed DC
Unipolar
AC SC mechanical
commutator
Repulsion
Universal
AC SC electronic
commutator
Brushless DC (BLDC)
Switched reluctance (SRM)
AC asynchronous
(induction (IM))
Shaded-pole (single-phase)
Dahlander pole changing motor
Squirrel-cage rotor (SCIM)
Wound-rotor (WRIM)
Linear induction
AC synchronous (SM)
Hysteresis
Interior / Surface PM (IPMSM / SPMSM)
Reluctance (SyRM)
Wound-rotor (WRSM)
Special magnetic
machines
Doubly-fed
Linear
Servomotor
Stepper
Traction
Non-magnetic
Electrostatic
Piezoelectric
Ultrasonic
Enclosure Type
Hermetic
TEFC
Components and
accessories
Armature
Braking chopper
Brush
Commutator
DC injection braking
Field coil
Rotor
Slip ring
Stator
Winding
Motor controllers
AC/AC converter
Amplidyne
Adjustable-speed drive (ASD)
Cycloconverter
Direct torque control (DTC)
Metadyne
Motor controller
Motor soft starter
Motor starter (engine)
Power inverter
Thyristor drive
Variable-frequency drive (VFD)
Vector control
Voltage controller
Ward Leonard control
History, education,
recreational use
Timeline of the electric motor
Ball bearing motor
Barlow's wheel
Lynch motor
Mendocino motor
Mouse mill motor
Experimental, futuristic
Coilgun
Railgun
Superconducting machine
Related topics
Blocked-rotor test
Circle diagram
Closed-loop control
Electromagnetism
Open-circuit test
Open-loop controller
Power-to-weight ratio
Torque and speed of a DC motor
Two-phase system
People
Arago
Baily
Barlow
Botto
Cook
Davenport
Davidson
Dolivo-Dobrovolsky
Faraday
Ferraris
Froment
Gramme
Henry
Jacobi
Jedlik
Lenz
Maxwell
Ørsted
Park
Pixii
Saxton
Siemens
Sprague
Steinmetz
Stimpson
Sturgeon
Tesla
See also
Alternator
Electric generator
Inchworm motor
SI electromagnetism
units
C - Capacitance (F)
Q - Charge (C)
G, B, Y - Conductance, susceptance, admittance (S)
κ, γ, σ - Conductivity (S/m)
I - Current (A)
D - Electric displacement field (C/m2)
E - Electric field (V/m)
ΦE - Electric flux (V·m)
χe - Electric susceptibility
U, ΔV, Δφ; E - Emf (V)
L, M - Inductance (H)
H - Magnetic field (A/m) strength
Φ - Magnetic flux (Wb)
B - Magnetic flux density (T)
χ - Magnetic susceptibility
μ - Permeability (H/m)
ε - Permittivity (F/m)
P - Power (W)
R, X, Z - Resistance, reactance, impedance (Ω)
ρ - Resistivity (Ω·m)
[show]
v
t
e
Electric clock technology
Powerline synchronized
Synchronous Motor and the Master Clock
Utility frequency
Synchronous motor
Electronic
Quartz clock
Atomic clock
Radio clock
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Synchronous_motor&oldid=833804746"
Categories:
Electric motors
Synchronous machines
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013
Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Български
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Eesti
Español
فارسی
Français
Galego
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Italiano
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
Polski
Português
Русский
Slovenčina
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Tiếng Việt
Wolof
中文
24 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 2 April 2018, at 14:29.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

attrs: class style

values: Brushless wound-rotor doubly fed electric machine

values:
/wiki/Slip_(motors)
mw-redirect
Slip (motors)

values:
/wiki/Prime_mover_(engine)
mw-redirect
Prime mover (engine)

values:
/wiki/Hysteresis_loop
mw-redirect
Hysteresis loop

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2013)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Permanent_magnet
mw-redirect
Permanent magnet

values:
/wiki/Brushless_DC_motors
mw-redirect
Brushless DC motors

values:
/wiki/Asynchronous_motor
mw-redirect
Asynchronous motor

values:
/wiki/Synchronous_speed
mw-redirect
Synchronous speed

values: vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:19.575ex; height:5.843ex;

values: vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:10.624ex; height:5.343ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:1.279ex; height:2.509ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.671ex; margin-left: -0.089ex; width:1.259ex; height:2.009ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.745ex; height:2.176ex;

values: vertical-align: -1.838ex; width:26.957ex; height:5.176ex;

values: Edit section: Applications, special properties, and advantages

values: Edit section: Use as synchronous condenser

values:
/wiki/Power_factor_correction
mw-redirect
Power factor correction

values: Edit section: Steady state stability limit

values: vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:16.209ex; height:2.843ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.859ex; height:2.176ex;

values: vertical-align: -0.338ex; width:1.049ex; height:2.343ex;

values: {\displaystyle \mathbf {T} _{\text{max}}}

values: vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:5.15ex; height:2.509ex;

values: vertical-align: -2.338ex; width:14.532ex; height:5.843ex;

values:
/wiki/Stepper_motors
mw-redirect
Stepper motors

values: Brushless wound-rotor doubly-fed electric machine

values:
/wiki/Doubly_fed_electric_machine
mw-redirect
Doubly fed electric machine

values:
nofollow
external text
https://doi.org/10.1109%2F28.90357

values:
nofollow
external text
https://doi.org/10.1109%2F41.491349

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/808866911

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/222453

values: -moz-column-width: 35em; -webkit-column-width: 35em; column-width: 35em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
/wiki/Brushless_electric_motor
mw-redirect
Brushless electric motor

values:
/wiki/Heinrich_Lenz
mw-redirect
Heinrich Lenz

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Template talk:Electric clock technology (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2013

values: Category:Commons category with local link different than on Wikidata

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Synchronous_motor
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: محرك تزامن – Arabic

values: Сінхронныя машыны – Belarusian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Сынхронныя машыны – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values: Синхронна машина – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: موتور سنکرون – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: Սինխրոն մեքենա – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: तुल्यकालिक मोटर – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uz
display: none;

values: Silnik elektryczny synchroniczny – Polish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Синхронная машина – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values: Синхрона машина – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values: Vierasmagnetoitu tahtimoottori – Finnish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wo
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Synchronous_motor rootpage-Synchronous_motor skin-vector action-view