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I'm Coming Out
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This article is about the song. For the Ugly Betty episode, see I'm Coming Out (Ugly Betty).
"I'm Coming Out"
One of the cover arts for German vinyl singles
Single by Diana Ross
from the album Diana
B-side
"Give Up"
"Friend to Friend"
"Never Say I Don't Love You"
"My Old Piano"
Released
August 22, 1980 (1980-08-22)
Format
7", 12"
Recorded
December 1979
Genre
Disco, funk, soul
Length
5:24 (album version)
3:59 (radio edit)
Label
Motown
Songwriter(s)
Bernard Edwards, Nile Rodgers
Producer(s)
Nile Rodgers, Bernard Edwards
Diana Ross singles chronology
"Upside Down"
(1980) "I'm Coming Out"
(1980) "My Old Piano"
(1980)
Audio sample
file
help
Alternative releases
French 7-inch vinyl single
"I'm Coming Out" is a song recorded by American singer Diana Ross. It was written and produced by Chic members Bernard Edwards and Nile Rodgers, and released in August 22, 1980 as the second single from Ross' self-titled tenth album Diana (1980).
Contents
1 Background
2 Chart success and cultural impact
3 LGBT significance
4 Trombone solo
5 Music video
6 Track listings
7 Chart performance
7.1 Weekly charts
7.2 Year-end charts
8 Samples and covers
9 Hella von Sinnen version: "Mein Coming Out"
10 Amerie version
10.1 Music video
10.2 Track listings
10.3 Charts
10.4 Release history
11 References
12 External links
Background[edit]
In 1979, Ross commissioned Chic founders Nile Rodgers and Bernard Edwards to create material for a new album after taking her daughters to see the band in concert, following the success of Ross's final Ashford & Simpson-composed and produced LP, The Boss. Rodgers got the idea for "I'm Coming Out" after noticing three different drag queens dressed as Diana Ross at a New York club called the GG Barnum Room. The lyrics hold an additional meaning to Ross, as she was leaving Motown Records and "coming out" from under Berry Gordy's thumb.[1]
Chart success and cultural impact[edit]
The song was another hit from the album, peaking at number five on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart for two weeks in November 1980.[2] It is also notable for being the first song usually performed at Ross' performances and concerts since 1980.
LGBT significance[edit]
"I'm Coming Out" has been regarded as an anthem for the LGBT community. The phrase "coming out" to describe one's self-disclosure of sexual orientation or gender identity had been present in the gay subculture in the early 20th century[3], analogous to a débutante's coming-out party or celebration of her formal presentation to society. It has also been understood as "coming out of the closet" or coming out from hiding. The song is thus interpreted as a celebration of lesbian, gay, bisexual, or transgender, identity and the encouragement of self-disclosure..
Trombone solo[edit]
Rodgers convinced his neighbor, producer Meco Monardo, to contract the horns for the album in return for a commitment by Rodgers to co-produce Monardo's then-upcoming album of music from The Empire Strikes Back. Monardo, a former first-call session player who had a string of hits in the late 1970s with disco versions of film music, also played trombone on the album and is featured in a solo towards the end of "I'm Coming Out":
Nile recorded all the tracks and vocals and called me and my horn section for a 3-hour date. We had a great time, as the songs were fabulous—especially "Upside Down" and "I'm Coming Out". We sounded great—Nile was pleased and as I was packing up, he asked me to stay and play a jazz trombone solo on one of the tracks. I said, "Nile, there are a lot of hit records with jazz saxophone solos—even some with jazz trumpet solos, but not one with a trombone"!! He said. "That's exactly why I want you to do it"!! I was a little bit rusty at first as I hadn't had a call to play jazz in years, so we ended up with four separate tracks of solos, with the intention of picking the best parts to make one great solo when later he went to mix it. I reminded Nile of our agreement and he said he was looking forward to 'The Empire Strikes Back' as he was a Star Wars fan himself.
—  [4]
Trombone solos have been rare on Top 40 songs in the post-big band era and especially so since the 1960s. Notable exceptions include brief solos by James Pankow on a handful of early Chicago hits and Clifford Adams' brief solo on Kool & the Gang's 1983 hit "Joanna". The pitch in Monardo's solo is unusually indistinct for an instrumentalist of his stature, which he later explained was due to problems in the final mixing of the track:[citation needed]
Weeks went by when I heard through the grapevine that Diana Ross was incredibly unhappy with the album. She thought Nile and Bernard made her sound like Chic. She took the master tapes from Power Station and went to Motown in Detroit to remix the record. When it came out, her early interviews were very unenthusiastic about it and Nile and Bernard, her producers. Well, as we all know, this turned out to be her biggest-selling solo album ever. "Upside Down" was a monster Number-One single and "I'm Coming Out" was a top-ten single.
It turned out that when the engineer at Motown saw the track listings of Meco 1–2–3–4, he just assumed that Track 1 was THE track and never listened to the others, and so that's what is on the record. So, I'm extremely proud to say that my solo is the only jazz trombone solo of a top-ten pop hit in the last 50 years! But – it wasn't my best – that, unfortunately lies in the vaults at Motown.
The dispute with Ross led to none of the musicians being credited on the album cover and also may have had a part in Rodgers backing out of his commitment to Monardo's Meco Plays Music from The Empire Strikes Back album. However, Rodgers and Ross later mended their professional relationship and subsequent digital releases of the album credit Monardo and the other musicians. A 2003 two-disc release of the album included the Rodgers/Edwards mix originally rejected by Ross, as a bonus track.
Music video[edit]
Diana Ross performing in the music video to the song with some studio musicians live in concert.[5]
Track listings[edit]
U.S., UK, French, and German 7" and 12" single
Side A:
"I'm Coming Out"
Side B:
"Give Up"
Dutch 7" and 12" single
Side A:
"I'm Coming Out"
Side B:
"Never Say I Don't Love You"
Swedish 7" single
Side A:
"I'm Coming Out"
Side B:
"My Old Piano"
Chart performance[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1980)
Peak
position
Australia (Kent Music Report)[6] 40
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[7] 16
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[7] 23
France (SNEP)[7] 7
Ireland (IRMA)[8] 8
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[7] 13
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[7] 5
U.S. Billboard Hot Soul Singles 6
U.S. Billboard Hot Disco Singles 1
U.S. Cash Box Top 100[9] 6
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1980)
Position
U.S. Cash Box Top 100[10] 28
Chart (1981)
Position
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[11] 98
Samples and covers[edit]
The distinctive sound of "I'm Coming Out" and its resulting popularity has led to Ross's song often being sampled, most notably by Stevie J, who sampled the song for rapper The Notorious B.I.G.'s 1997 song "Mo Money Mo Problems". There's also been a cover by Marcia Hines. It was featured as a cover for the video game Karaoke Revolution as well. In more recent times, the song was sampled in Keyshia Cole's remake of "I'm Coming Out" (featuring Iggy Azalea) for the original soundtrack of the 2014 movie The Other Woman, starring Cameron Diaz, Kate Upton and Leslie Mann. The song is sampled in "Break Your Heart Right Back" from Ariana Grande's sophomore album My Everything (2014). This song was also covered for the soundtrack to the 2016 movie Trolls.
Hella von Sinnen version: "Mein Coming Out"[edit]
"Mein Coming Out"
Single by Hella von Sinnen
Released
1997
Recorded
1996
Genre
Pop, comedy
Length
5:26
Songwriter(s)
Bernard Edwards, Nile Rodgers, Hella von Sinnen, Cornelia Scheel
In 1997, German comedian Hella von Sinnen sampled "I'm Coming Out" for her single "Mein Coming Out", using the term "coming out" in the context of coming out of the closet, or revealing one's homosexuality.
Amerie version[edit]
"I'm Coming Out"
Single by Amerie
from the album Maid in Manhattan: Music from the Motion Picture
B-side
"Talkin' to Me"
Released
April 7, 2003 (2003-04-07)
Format
CD
Recorded
2002
Length
3:32
Label
Columbia
Songwriter(s)
Bernard Edwards
Nile Rodgers
Producer(s)
Cory Rooney
Loren Dawson
Amerie singles chronology
"Talkin' to Me"
(2002) "I'm Coming Out"
(2003) "Paradise"
(2003)
In 2003, American singer Amerie covered "I'm Coming Out" for the soundtrack to the film Maid in Manhattan. Her version was released as a single in select European countries and Australia. The final single version to be released was the Loren Dawson remix. The original single version (which is similar to the original) can be found on both CD singles and the original motion picture soundtrack to Maid in Manhattan. Ross' version appears on the film's soundtrack album as well.
Music video[edit]
A music video was produced to promote the single.
Track listings[edit]
German CD single[12]
"I'm Coming Out" (Loren Dawson Remix) – 3:49
"Talkin' to Me" (album version) – 4:00
"Talkin' to Me" (Trackmasters Remix) (featuring Foxy Brown) – 3:38
"I'm Coming Out" (Mark Ronson Sunshine Remix) (no loop) – 3:09
"I'm Coming Out" (video)
French CD single[13]
"I'm Coming Out" (Loren Dawson Remix) – 3:49
"Talkin' to Me" (album version) – 4:00
Australian CD single[14]
"I'm Coming Out" (Loren Dawson Remix) – 3:49
"Talkin' to Me" (album version) – 4:00
"Talkin' to Me" (Trackmasters Remix) (featuring Foxy Brown) – 3:38
Charts[edit]
Chart (2003)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[15]
66
Australian Urban (ARIA)[16]
23
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[17]
69
Romania (Romanian Top 100)[18]
100
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Format
Label
Ref.
Germany
April 7, 2003 CD single Columbia [12]
France
April 15, 2003 [13]
Australia
April 18, 2003 [19]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Zeffer, Andy (2004). "Freak Out with Chic". Express Gay News. Archived from the original on 2010-09-06.
Jump up ^ "Diana Ross - Chart history - Billboard". www.billboard.com.
Jump up ^ Chauncey, George (1994). Gay New York: Gender, Urban Culture, and the Making of the Gay Male World, 1890–1940. New York: Basic Books, emphasis added.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2009-01-05. Retrieved 2009-03-16.
Jump up ^ "DIANA ROSS I m Coming Out - vidéo Dailymotion". Dailymotion.
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, NSW: Australian Chart Book. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e [1] Archived November 9, 2013, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – I'm Coming Out". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2015-07-23. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-04-14. Retrieved 2015-07-22.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Hits of 1980/Top 100 Songs of 1980". Musicoutfitters.com. Retrieved 2016-10-16.
^ Jump up to: a b "I'm Coming Out" (in German). Amazon.de. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "I'm Coming Out" (in French). Amazon.fr. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ "I'm Coming Out" (Australian CD single). Amerie. Columbia Records. 2003. 673747 2.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Top 100 Singles – Week Commencing 28th April 2003" ARIA Top 100 Singles. National Library of Australia. Retrieved September 12, 2008.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Top 100 Singles – Week Commencing 5th May 2003" ARIA Top 40 Urban Singles. National Library of Australia. Retrieved September 12, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Amerie – I'm Coming Out" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved November 9, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Romanian Top 100: Editia 23, saptamina 16.06 – 22.06, 2003" (in Romanian). Romanian Top 100. Archived from the original on October 12, 2004. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Amerie – I'm Coming Out". Sony BMG Australia. Archived from the original on September 10, 2007. Retrieved January 1, 2018.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
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Everything Is Everything
Surrender
Touch Me in the Morning
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Baby It's Me
Ross (1978)
The Boss
Diana
Why Do Fools Fall in Love
Silk Electric
Ross (1983)
Swept Away
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I Love You
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To Love Again
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Forever Diana: Musical Memoirs
One Woman: The Ultimate Collection
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Voice of Love
Love & Life: The Very Best of Diana Ross
The Definitive Collection
The Greatest
Upside Down: The Collection
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Live at Caesars Palace
An Evening with Diana Ross
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Stolen Moments: The Lady Sings... Jazz and Blues
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Discography
1970s singles
"Reach Out and Touch (Somebody's Hand)"
"Ain't No Mountain High Enough"
"Remember Me"
"Reach Out (I'll Be There)"
"Surrender"
"I'm Still Waiting"
"Good Morning Heartache"
"Touch Me in the Morning"
"You're a Special Part of Me"
"Last Time I Saw Him"
"My Mistake (Was to Love You)"
"You Are Everything"
"Don't Knock My Love"
"Stop, Look, Listen (To Your Heart)"
"Theme from Mahogany (Do You Know Where You're Going To)"
"Love Hangover"
"Gettin' Ready for Love"
"Ease on Down the Road"
"Pops, We Love You (A Tribute to Father)"
"What You Gave Me"
"The Boss"
"It's My House"
1980s singles
"Upside Down"
"I'm Coming Out"
"My Old Piano"
"It's My Turn"
"Endless Love"
"Why Do Fools Fall in Love"
"Mirror, Mirror"
"Muscles"
"Pieces of Ice"
"All of You"
"Swept Away"
"Missing You"
"Eaten Alive"
"Chain Reaction"
1990–2000s singles
"When You Tell Me That You Love Me"
"Someday We'll Be Together" (Remix)
"Take Me Higher"
"I Will Survive"
"Not Over You Yet"
"Goin' Back"
"I've Got a Crush on You"
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"Talkin' to Me"
"I'm Coming Out"
"1 Thing"
"Touch"
"Take Control"
"Gotta Work"
"Why R U?"
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"Out Loud"
Featured singles
"Rule"
"Paradise"
"I Don't Care"
"Fly Like Me"
Related articles
First Daughter
Awards and nominations
Rich Harrison
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%27m_Coming_Out&oldid=853218730"
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Mega Millions
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Mega Millions (which began as The Big Game in 1996 and renamed, temporarily, to The Big Game Mega Millions six years later) is an American multi-jurisdictional lottery game; it is offered in 44 states, the District of Columbia, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The first (The Big Game) Mega Millions drawing was in 2002; see below. (What is now Mega Millions initially was offered in six states; the logo for all versions of the game following the retiring of The Big Game name featured a gold-colored ball with six stars to represent the game's initial membership.)
Mega Millions is drawn at 11 p.m. Eastern Time on Tuesday and Friday evenings, including holidays.[1] Mega Millions is administered by a consortium of its 12 original lotteries;[2] the drawings are held at the studios of WSB-TV in Atlanta, Georgia,[1] supervised by the Georgia Lottery.
Under the current version's regulations (which began October 28, 2017 with the first drawing October 31) for Mega Millions, the minimum Mega Millions advertised jackpot is $40 million, paid in 30 graduated yearly installments, increasing 5 percent each year (unless the cash option is chosen; see below for differences by lotteries on cash/annuity choice regulations.) The jackpot increases when there is no top-prize winner[1] (see below for information on how the Mega Millions jackpot is funded.) As of December 13, 2017, there has yet to be a jackpot winner under the current Mega Millions format, including wagers for the newly created Just the Jackpot option.
Reflecting common practice among American lotteries, the jackpot is advertised as a nominal value of annual installments. A cash value option (the usual choice), when chosen by a jackpot winner, pays the approximate present value of the installments. Mega Millions' previous format began on October 19, 2013; its first drawing was three days later. The current version of Mega Millions uses a 5/70 (for the white balls) plus 1/25 (for the "Mega Ball") double matrix to select its winning numbers.
Each game costs $2. Of the 46 Mega Millions jurisdictions, all but California offer an option, called Megaplier (plays with the Megaplier are $3 each) where non-jackpot prizes are multiplied by 2, 3, 4, or 5. The Megaplier was made available to all Mega Millions jurisdictions in January 2011; it began as an option available only in Texas.
The October 28, 2017 Mega Millions' format change resulted in the game's first price increase: plays are $2 each ($3 with the Megaplier; up from $1 and $2 respectively); as part of the format change, the "Just the Jackpot" option was introduced to seven of the game's members. The new option is two plays for $3; only the jackpot can be won (or shared) on this wager.[3][4][5]
The largest jackpot in Mega Millions history was $656 million annuity value (with a cash option of $474 million) for the March 30, 2012 drawing, in which there were three jackpot-winning tickets; one each in Illinois, Kansas, and Maryland. All three tickets had been claimed by April 18, with each set of winners choosing the cash option of $158 million.[6]
Contents
1 The 2010 expansion of Mega Millions and Powerball
2 Current Mega Millions members
2.1 Mega Millions and Powerball
3 History
3.1 The Big Game
3.2 The Big Game Mega Millions
3.3 2010 cross-sell expansion
3.4 October 2013 format change
3.5 October 2017 format/price point change
3.5.1 "Just the Jackpot" option
4 Record jackpots
5 Versions of (The Big Game) Mega Millions
5.1 Megaplier
5.2 Winning and probability
5.3 Payment options and claiming prizes
6 Drawings
7 Record jackpots (listed by cash value)
8 Revenue
9 Miscellany
10 See also
11 Notes
12 External links
The 2010 expansion of Mega Millions and Powerball[edit]
Mega Millions lottery tickets from New Jersey (left) and New York; see below for rule variations among the game's 46 members, including where the Just the Jackpot option will be offered beginning October 28, 2017
On October 13, 2009, the Mega Millions consortium and Multi-State Lottery Association (MUSL) reached an agreement in principle to cross-sell Mega Millions and Powerball in American lottery jurisdictions, with the two groups referred to as the "Mega Power Lottery"[7] by many users. The expansion occurred on January 31, 2010, as 23 Powerball members began selling Mega Millions tickets for their first drawing on February 2, 2010; likewise, 10 Mega Millions members began selling Powerball tickets for their first drawing the next day. Montana (joining Mega Millions on March 1, 2010) was the first jurisdiction to add either game after the cross-sell expansion. Nebraska (March 20, 2010), Oregon (March 28, 2010), Arizona (April 18, 2010), Maine (May 9, 2010), Colorado and South Dakota (the latter two on May 16, 2010) also have joined Mega Millions since the expansion.
As of January 2016, there are 46 lotteries offering Mega Millions and Powerball; Florida joined Mega Millions in May 2013. (Puerto Rico, whose lottery began in the 1930s, currently does not offer Mega Millions).
Before the agreement, the only stores which sold Mega Millions and Powerball tickets were retailers whose business was on a border between jurisdictions which sold competing games.
The current Mega Millions format began in October 2013; the game will use a different double matrix as of October 2017. Mega Millions plays will become $2 per game upon the format change; it is unknown exactly how the "Megaplier" will be utilized.
Current Mega Millions members[edit]
As of October 2017, Mega Millions is available in 44 states and the District of Columbia (in blue), plus the US Virgin Islands (not shown)
Mega Millions replaced The Big Game in 2002 (see below for the evolution of the name Mega Millions).
Mega Millions and Powerball[edit]
Lottery
Powerball
Mega Millions
Arizona April 4, 1994 April 18, 2010
Arkansas October 31, 2009 January 31, 2010
California April 8, 2013 June 22, 2005
Connecticut November 28, 1995 January 31, 2010
Colorado August 2, 2001 May 16, 2010
Delaware January 14, 1991 January 31, 2010
District of Columbia February 13, 1988 January 31, 2010
Florida January 4, 2009 May 15, 2013
Georgia January 31, 2010 September 6, 1996
Idaho February 1, 1990 January 31, 2010
Illinois January 31, 2010 September 6, 1996
Indiana October 14, 1990 January 31, 2010
Iowa February 13, 1988 January 31, 2010
Kansas February 13, 1988 January 31, 2010
Kentucky January 10, 1991 January 31, 2010
Louisiana March 5, 1995 November 16, 2011
Maine July 30, 2004 May 9, 2010
Maryland January 31, 2010 September 6, 1996
Massachusetts January 31, 2010 September 6, 1996
Michigan January 31, 2010 September 6, 1996
Minnesota August 14, 1990 January 31, 2010
Missouri February 13, 1988 January 31, 2010
Montana November 9, 1989 March 1, 2010
Nebraska July 21, 1994 March 20, 2010
New Hampshire November 5, 1995 January 31, 2010
New Jersey January 31, 2010 May 26, 1999
New Mexico October 20, 1996 January 31, 2010
New York January 31, 2010 May 17, 2002
North Carolina May 30, 2006 January 31, 2010
North Dakota March 25, 2004 January 31, 2010
Ohio April 16, 2010 May 17, 2002
Oklahoma January 12, 2006 January 31, 2010
Oregon February 13, 1988 March 28, 2010
Pennsylvania June 29, 2002 January 31, 2010
Puerto Rico September 28, 2014 Not offered
Rhode Island February 13, 1988 January 31, 2010
South Carolina October 6, 2002 January 31, 2010
South Dakota November 15, 1990 May 16, 2010
Tennessee April 21, 2004 January 31, 2010
Texas January 31, 2010 December 5, 2003
US Virgin Islands November 14, 2010 October 4, 2010
Vermont July 1, 2003 January 31, 2010
Virginia January 31, 2010 September 6, 1996
Washington January 31, 2010 September 4, 2002
West Virginia February 13, 1988 January 31, 2010
Wisconsin August 10, 1989 January 31, 2010
Wyoming August 24, 2014 August 24, 2014
Alabama, Alaska, Hawaii, Mississippi, Nevada and Utah do not sell lottery tickets. In 2013, Wyoming became the 44th state to establish a lottery; the next year, it began, initially offering both Mega Millions and Powerball. (On August 28, 2018, a bill establishing a lottery in Mississippi was passed, and sent to its Governor for his signature.)
In most cases, a lottery joining Mega Millions on or after January 31, 2010 offered Powerball before the MUSL cross-sell expansion.
History[edit]
The Big Game[edit]
The Big Game logo prior to the Mega Millions name change.
Tickets for The Big Game began to be sold in Georgia, Illinois, Maryland, Massachusetts, Michigan, and Virginia on August 31, 1996. The Big Game was the brainchild of lottery directors Rebecca Paul (of the Georgia Lottery) and Penelope W. Kyle (of the Virginia Lottery.) The Big Game initially was drawn weekly, on Friday.
The Georgia Lottery was a member of MUSL at the time and wanted to sell both games for the remainder of 1996; however, within a few days, Georgia was forcibly removed from MUSL, returning with the 2010 cross-selling expansion.
Beginning in January 1999, jackpot winners were given the option to receive their prize in cash. In May 1999, New Jersey joined The Big Game, the only jurisdiction to enter as a participant before The Big Game became Mega Millions in 2002.
The Big Game Mega Millions[edit]
The Big Game Mega Millions logo following the addition of the name Mega Millions
Ohio and New York joined The Big Game consortium on May 15, 2002, when the game was renamed The Big Game Mega Millions, temporarily retaining the old name and the original "gold ball" logo. The "Big Money Ball" became the "Mega Ball." While the game's name was altered, the yellow ball in the new Mega Millions logo continued to read "The Big Game" until February 2003, after which it was replaced with six stars representing the original members of the consortium. The first (The Big Game) Mega Millions drawing was held two days later, on May 17. The Mega Millions trademark is owned by the Illinois Lottery. The first three lotteries to join Mega Millions were Washington (in September 2002), Texas (in 2003) and California (in 2005); California was the last addition to Mega Millions before the cross-sell expansion of 2010. Montana joined Mega Millions on March 1, 2010, the first addition to Mega Millions after the cross-sell expansion.
When Texas joined Mega Millions in 2003, it began offering an option, initially available only to Texas Lottery players, known as the Megaplier, which was similar to Powerball's Power Play. The 11 Mega Millions lotteries without Megaplier on the January 31, 2010 cross-selling date gradually added the multiplier option; by January 2011, all Mega Millions lotteries, except for California, offered the Megaplier. The Texas Lottery owns the trademark to Megaplier.[8]
On June 24, 2005, to commemorate California joining Mega Millions, that night's drawing was held in Hollywood, with Carrie Underwood assisting host Glenn Burns for the draw.
For the November 15, 2005 drawing, a group called "The Lucky 7" held the only jackpot-winning ticket, purchased in Anaheim, California, winning $315 million. They chose the cash option, splitting $175 million before federal withholdings.[9] This remains the largest prize won by a single Mega Millions ticket.
On March 6, 2007, the Mega Millions jackpot reached $390 million,[10] which is the record for the third largest jackpot in U.S. history. The jackpot was shared by two tickets, both matching the numbers of 16-22-29-39-42 and Mega Ball 20. Both winners chose the cash option, with each share $116,557,083 before withholdings.[11]
2010 cross-sell expansion[edit]
The New Jersey Lottery, among others, in early 2009 announced it would seek permission to sell Powerball tickets alongside Mega Millions. In October 2009, an agreement between Mega Millions and MUSL allowed all U.S. lotteries, including New Jersey's, to offer both games. On January 31, 2010, Mega Millions expanded to include the 23 MUSL members; as of that date, 35 jurisdictions were participating in Mega Millions. On the same day, 10 existing Mega Millions-participating lotteries began selling Powerball tickets. Ohio joined Powerball on April 16, 2010. On March 1, 2010, Montana became the first MUSL member to add Mega Millions after the cross-sell expansion. Nebraska became the 37th Mega Millions participating member on March 20, 2010, followed by Oregon as the 38th member on March 28, Arizona as the 39th member on April 18, and Maine as 40th Mega Millions participant on May 9, 2010. Colorado and South Dakota added Mega Millions on May 16, 2010, bringing the total to 42 jurisdictions.
The most recent additions to Mega Millions were the U.S. Virgin Islands, in October 2010, and Louisiana in November 2011. Florida joined Mega Millions on May 15, 2013; the first drawing to include Florida-bought tickets was two days later.
Presumably due to their experience with the Power Play option for Powerball, all 23 lotteries joining Mega Millions on January 31, 2010 immediately offered Megaplier to their players. The Megaplier continues to be drawn by Texas Lottery computers, as California does not offer the multiplier. Montana, offering Powerball before the expansion date, became the 24th lottery to offer the Megaplier, followed by Nebraska (the 25th), Oregon (the 26th), Arizona (as the 27th) and Maine (as the 28th lottery to offer the Megaplier option). After Colorado and South Dakota joined Mega Millions, this raised the number of lotteries offering the Megaplier to 37.
Mega Millions tickets bought with the Megaplier option, beginning September 12, 2010, automatically won $1 million (instead of $250,000) if the five white balls – but excluding the Mega Ball – are matched.
On March 13, 2010, New Jersey became the first Mega Millions participant (just before the cross-sell expansion) to produce a jackpot-winning ticket for Powerball after joining that game. The ticket was worth over $211 million annuity (the cash option was chosen). On May 28, 2010, North Carolina became the first Powerball member (just before the cross-selling expansion) to produce a jackpot-winning Mega Millions ticket after joining Mega Millions, with an annuity jackpot of $12 million.
In January 2012, Mega Millions' rival Powerball was altered; among the changes were a price increase of $1 for each play, as a result, a base game costs $2, or $3 with the Power Play option. At the time, there were no plans to change the price of a Mega Millions play, with or without the Megaplier (see below for the 2017 format change that includes the base price for a Mega Millions play to be raised to $2.) The price increase for playing Powerball was a major factor in Louisiana deciding to pursue joining Mega Millions, as that state's lottery joined Mega Millions on November 16, 2011.
October 2013 format change[edit]
The final 5/56 + 1/46 Mega Millions drawing was held on October 18, 2013; that night's jackpot of $37 million was not won. The first drawing under the revised 5/75 + 1/15 format—which saw the jackpot estimate "leap" to $55 million due to the change in the annuity structure—occurred on October 22, 2013. The minimum jackpot was then $15 million, with rollovers of at least $5 million. Second prize (5+0) became $1 million cash. In the revised format, players chose 5 of 75 white ball numbers, and the "Gold Ball" number out of 15.
The Megaplier option remained; the 5x multiplier was added.
Lower prize tiers (through October 18, 2013) based on a $1 play:
Match 5+0: $250,000
Match 4+MB: $10,000
Match 4+0: $150
Match 3+MB: $150
Match 3+0: $7
Match 2+MB: $10
Match 1+MB: $3
Match 0+MB: $2
Payouts in California remained pari-mutuel.
The odds of winning or sharing a Mega Millions jackpot (October 19, 2013-October 27, 2017): 1 in about 258.9 million. The overall odds of winning a prize were 1 in 14.71, including the base $1 prize for a "Mega Ball"-only match.
Prizes and odds (2013-2017 version) based on a $1 play:
5 numbers plus the Mega Ball (5+1): Jackpot; 1 in 258,890,850
5 numbers but not the Mega Ball (5+0): $1,000,000; $ 1 in 17,259,390
4+1: $5,000; 1 in 739,688
4+0: $500; 1 in 52,835
3+1: $50; 1 in 10,720
3+0: $5; 1 in 766
2+1: $5; 1 in 473
1+1: $2; 1 in 56
Mega Ball only: $1; 1 in 21[citation needed]
The odds for winning the $1 prize, 1 in 21, reflected the possibility of matching at least one of the white balls, as well as the Mega Ball.
The annuity—which was 20 annual payments (no cash option was available) when The Big Game began—changed from 26 equal yearly installments to 30 graduated annual payments (increasing 5 percent yearly) with the format change on October 19, 2013.
October 2017 format/price point change[edit]
On October 28, 2017, the price of a Mega Millions play doubled, to $2; the first drawing under the current price point was October 31, 2017. The Mega Millions double matrix changed, from 5/75 + 1/15 to the current 5/70 + 1/25.[12] The starting jackpot became $40 million, with minimum rollovers of $5 million. The "Megaplier" option (which again is not offered in California) was retained, with an adjustment to its multipliers. (The final jackpot for the $1 version was $30 million, which was not won; the initial jackpot for the new version would still be $40 million with a jackpot hit.)
Mega Millions' non-California prize tiers effective October 28, 2017 (old prizes in parentheses; changed amounts in boldface) for a $2 base play:
5+MB: Jackpot; starting jackpot raised to $40 million (annuity value)
5+0: $1,000,000 ($1,000,000)
4+MB: $10,000 ($5,000)
4+0: $500 ($500)
3+MB: $200 ($50)
3+0: $10 ($5)
2+MB: $10 ($5)
1+MB: $4 ($2)
0+MB: $2 ($1)
The new prize structure allocates roughly 75 percent of the prize pool for the jackpot; this is, in part, to facilitate the new Just the Jackpot option. The 2013-2017 version allocated about 68 percent towards the jackpot.
"Just the Jackpot" option[edit]
Each of the 46 Mega Millions participants, in preparation for the October 28, 2017 format change, was given the choice of offering a $3, two-game play (called "Just the Jackpot"). A player choosing this option is not eligible for any of the eight lower-tier prizes; therefore, the Megaplier option is not available for Just the Jackpot wagers.
These lotteries offered the "Just the Jackpot" option upon the format change: Georgia, Hoosier Lottery, Kansas, Massachusetts, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, Ohio, South Dakota, Texas, Virginia, Wisconsin, and Wyoming. Kentucky has since added "Just the Jackpot", with other lotteries potentially adding it. Not known is whether a second series of playslips would be printed for lotteries offering "Just the Jackpot" beginning after the October 28, 2017 format change.
"Just the Jackpot" wagers and regular Mega Millions plays are printed on separate tickets. Most Just the Jackpot wagers are terminal-generated; however, JtJ wagers in Kansas and Texas allow the player to choose their numbers, while Wisconsin players must ask for a terminal-generated ticket.
As of July 2018, there has yet to be a jackpot winner from a Just the Jackpot wager; there also is no known count of JtJ wagers that would have won second prize (5+0) with a traditional Mega Millions play.
Record jackpots[edit]
The largest Mega Millions jackpot, advertised as $640 million at the time of the drawing (annuitized) or $462 million (cash value), was drawn on March 30, 2012. The initial estimate for that drawing (following the March 27 drawing, which was $363 million annuity) was $476 million (later increased to $500 million and again to $540 million); brisk ticket sales pushed the jackpot values, both annuitized (to $656 million) and the cash option ($474 million) higher. The amount spent on Mega Millions for drawings following its previous jackpot win, on January 24, 2012, was at least $1.5 billion.[13] three jackpot-winning tickets had been confirmed (Illinois, Kansas, and Maryland).[14]
Mega Millions' second-largest jackpot, $648 million, was for the December 17, 2013 drawing. Two winning tickets, one each from California and Georgia, were sold. The holder of the Georgia ticket claimed the next morning; they selected the cash option, which amounted to $173,819,742.50 before withholdings. The holder of the California ticket claimed on January 3, 2014. (The California ticket holder received an equal share, but potentially a larger cash-option amount, as California lottery winnings are exempt from state income tax)."[3][4][5][15] [16]
Mega Millions' third-largest jackpot, $540 million, was for the July 8, 2016 drawing. One ticket from Indiana won the jackpot; the winner chose the cash option.[17]
Mega Millions' fourth-largest jackpot, $533 million, was for the March 30, 2018 drawing. One ticket from New Jersey won the jackpot; Riverdale Lukoil South Gas Station sold the winning ticket. [18]
Mega Millions' fifth-largest jackpot, $414 million, was for the March 18, 2014 drawing. Two tickets, one each from Florida and Maryland, split the prize; both sets of winners chose the cash option, splitting $230.9 million (as noted below, interest rates change, resulting in different ratios between the cash values and annuity values of jackpots).
Mega Millions' sixth-largest jackpot annuity value ($390 million) was for the March 6, 2007 drawing. Two tickets, one each from Georgia and New Jersey, won $195 million (annuity value) each. The holders of each ticket also chose the cash option.
Versions of (The Big Game) Mega Millions[edit]
Versions of The Big Game and Mega Millions have used different matrices:
Start Date
5 white balls out of
Mega Balls
Jackpot odds
September 6, 1996 50 25 1:52,969,000
January 13, 1999 50 36 1:76,275,360
May 15, 2002 52 52 1:135,145,920
June 22, 2005 56 46 1:175,711,536
October 19, 2013 75 15 1:258,890,850
October 28, 2017 (current) 70 25 1:302,575,350
Megaplier[edit]
Mega Millions players have the option to activate a multiplier, called Megaplier, in 45 of its 46 jurisdictions; it is functionally similar to Powerball's Power Play; except the latter cannot multiply second prize by 5. (Neither Megaplier nor Power Play are offered in California because its state penal code distinguishes between a "lottery" in which the bank cannot be "broken", and a "banked game" whose bank theoretically could be broken; only a "lottery" was authorized by the state Lottery Act.) By adding $1 to a basic Mega Millions game, to $3, a player has an opportunity to multiply any non-jackpot prize by 2, 3, 4, or 5. The Megaplier is drawn by the Texas Lottery (before the cross-sell expansion on January 31, 2010, it was the only lottery to offer Megaplier), which is drawn by a random number generator (RNG). The odds for each Megaplier possibility are not uniform.[19]
Megaplier
Former odds (October 19, 2013 – October 27, 2017)
Current odds
2x 1:7.5 1:3
3x 1:3.75 1:2.5
4x 1:5 1:5
5x 1:2.5 1:15
Megaplier wagers made for drawings from September 12, 2010 through October 18, 2013 that won second prize (then $250,000) were automatically elevated to 4x, winning $1 million. This "guarantee" did not carry over to the following version of Mega Millions, although the $1 million second prize became $5 million if the Megaplier is 5x.
Winning and probability[edit]
Former Mega Millions odds (October 19, 2013 – October 27, 2017):[20]
Matches[21]
Prize
Approximate probability of winning
White balls (pool of 75) Mega Ball (pool of 15)
5 1 Jackpot[22] 1 in 258,890,850
5 0 $1 million 1 in 18,492,204
4 1 $5,000 1 in 739,688
4 0 $500 1 in 52,835
3 1 $50 1 in 10,720
3 0 $5 1 in 766
2 1 $5 1 in 473
1 1 $2 1 in 56
0 1 $1 1 in 21
The probability and odds can be taken into a mathematical perspective: The probability of winning the jackpot (through October 27, 2017) was 1:(75C5) x (15); that is: 75 ways for the first white ball times 74 ways for the second times 73 for the third times 72 for the fourth times 71 for the last white ball divided by 5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1, or 5!, and this number is then multiplied by 15 (15 possible numbers for the "Megaball"). Therefore, (75 x 74 x 73 x 72 x 71)/ (5 x 4 x 3 x 2 x 1) x 15 = 258,890,850, which means any combination of five white balls plus the Megaball has a 1:258,890,850 chance of winning the jackpot. Similarly, the odds for second prize are 1:(75C5) x (15/14) = 1: 18,492,204 chance of winning. The overall probability of winning any prize was 1 in 14.7. If there are no jackpot winners for a specific drawing, the jackpot will keep increasing, however, the odds will still remain the same.
Payouts through October 18, 2013:
Matches[21]
Prize
Approximate probability of winning
White balls (pool of 56) Mega Ball (pool of 46)
5 1 Jackpot[22] 1 in 175,711,536 (56C5×46)[23][24]
5 0 $250,000 1 in 3,904,701 (56C5×46/45)[25]
4 1 $10,000 1 in 689,065 [26]
4 0 $150 1 in 15,313[27]
3 1 $150 1 in 13,781[28]
2 1 $10 1 in 844[29]
3 0 $7 1 in 306[30]
1 1 $3 1 in 141[31]
0 1 $2 1 in 74.8 (the probability for this prize was not 1:46, because there is the possibility of matching at least one of the "white" balls, which decreases the likelihood of matching only the "Mega Ball")[20]
Overall probabilities: 1 in 755 of winning any of the top six prizes,[20] 1 in 40 of winning any prize.[32]
In California, prize levels are paid on a parimutuel basis, rather than the fixed lower-tier amounts for winners in other Mega Millions jurisdictions. California's eight lower-tier Mega Millions prize pools are separate from those shared by the other 45 lotteries. California's second prize is a "secondary jackpot"; its payout sometimes exceeds $1 million cash, even though California does not offer the Megaplier.[33]
Payment options and claiming prizes[edit]
In Georgia, New Jersey, and Texas, players must choose, in advance, whether they wish to collect a jackpot prize in cash or annuity. Georgia and New Jersey winners can change an annuity ticket to cash should they be eligible for a jackpot share; however, the choice is binding in Texas. The other Mega Millions members allow the cash/annuity choice to be made after winning (usually 60 days after claiming the ticket), although in Florida the 60-day "clock" starts with the drawing in which the jackpot prize was won.
If a jackpot prize is not claimed within the respective jurisdiction's time limit, each of the 46 Mega Millions members get back the money they contributed to that jackpot. Each of the 46 lotteries have rules in regards to unclaimed prizes; most Mega Millions members set aside unclaimed winnings for educational purposes.[34][35]
In 2007, a $31 million prize went unclaimed in New York.[36] Many prizes of $250,000 each have been unclaimed, including several in Michigan for 2007 drawings.[37]
Mega Millions winners have either 180 days (California non-jackpot prizes only) or one year to claim prizes, including the jackpot (although some Mega Millions winners lose the right to collect a jackpot in cash if they wait more than 60 days after the drawing).
The minimum age to purchase a Mega Millions ticket is 18, except in Arizona, Iowa and Louisiana, where the minimum is 21, and in Nebraska; its minimum is 19. Generally (an exception is Virginia), minors can win on tickets received as gifts; the rules according to each Mega Millions member vary for minors receiving prizes.
Rules vary according to the applicable laws and regulations in the jurisdiction where the ticket is sold, and the winner's residence (e.g. if a New Jerseyan wins on a ticket bought near their workplace in Manhattan). Mega Millions winnings are exempt from state income tax in California; while Florida, New Hampshire, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Washington state, and Wyoming do not have an income tax. On the other hand, some residents of New York City and Yonkers, New York pay three levels of income tax, as these cities levy income taxes.
Drawings[edit]
Drawings are usually held at the studios of WSB-TV in Atlanta, Georgia.[1][38] The original host was WSB's chief meteorologist, Glenn Burns. Currently, most drawings are emceed by the full-time host of Georgia Lottery drawings, John Crow, with Brian Hooker the main substitute host. For larger jackpots, the drawing sometimes is moved to Times Square, with New York Lottery announcer Yolanda Vega co-hosting.
Before the January 31, 2010 cross-sell expansion, Mega Millions was the only multi-jurisdictional lottery whose drawings were carried nationally, instead of airing only on stations in participating jurisdictions. Chicago-based cable superstation WGN-TV simulcast Mega Millions drawings on its national WGN America feed immediately following WGN's 9pm (Central Time) newscast. Following the cross-sell expansion, WGN also began airing Powerball drawings nationally. WGN served as a default carrier of both major games where no local television station carried either multi-jurisdictional lottery's drawings. Both drawings were removed from WGN America in late 2014 when it ceased carrying WGN's newscasts.[39]
Two machines are used in each Mega Millions drawing. The model used for Mega Millions is the Criterion II, manufactured by Smartplay International of Edgewater Park, New Jersey. The balls are moved around by means of counter-rotating arms which randomly mix the balls. Individually, the five white balls, several seconds apart, drop through a hole in the bottom of the mixing drum.
Record jackpots (listed by cash value)[edit]
See also: Lottery jackpot records
Cash value (in millions USD) Annuity value (in millions USD)
Drawing date
Winner(s)
Description
$474 $656 March 30, 2012 3 (MD, KS, IL) World's second largest jackpot (cash or annuity)
$347.7[15] $648[5] December 17, 2013 2 (CA, GA) Second-largest annuity value
$240 $380 January 4, 2011 2 (ID, WA)
$233 $390 March 6, 2007 2 (GA, NJ)
$224 $400 March 18, 2014 2 (FL, MD)
$210 $336 August 28, 2009 2 (CA, NY) NY winner chose annuity (the cash/annuity choice made "when playing" required per then-NY Lottery rules)
$208.3 $330 August 31, 2007 4 (NJ, MD, TX, VA)
$197.5 $326 November 4, 2014 1 (NY) Sold in Middletown, Orange County [40]
$202.9 $319 March 25, 2011 1 (Albany, NY)
$180 $363 May 9, 2000 2 (IL, MI) Largest The Big Game jackpot
Revenue[edit]
Approximately 50% of Mega Millions sales is returned to players as prizes; the remainder is split (each lottery has different rules regarding these funds) among retailers, marketing, and operations, as well as the 46 jurisdictions offering the game; different lotteries uses the proceeds in different ways.[41]
Miscellany[edit]
In the aftermath of the attack on the World Trade Center on September 11, 2001, the legislature in Albany, fearing a monumental loss of revenue, passed legislation the following month, which was signed by Governor George Pataki, which included joining a multi-jurisdictional lottery game. Around the same time, for entirely different reasons, Ohio's governor also gave the green light to joining a multi-jurisdictional game. Both lotteries opted to join The Big Game, which, at the time, was offered in seven states. The added populations of the two new jurisdictions, in turn, led to a larger double matrix. The first machine continued to hold white 52 balls, while 16 gold balls were added in the second, meaning there were 52 numbers to pick from in both parts of each $1 game. On May 15, 2002, the game was renamed The Big Game Mega Millions; shortly after, it became just Mega Millions. Except for the 2010 cross-selling expansion, this was the only time The Big Game or Mega Millions simultaneously added more than one member.
In 2005, Mega Millions was the target of a mailing scam. A letter bearing the Mega Millions logo was used in a string of lottery scams designed to trick people into providing personal financial information by cashing bogus checks. The letter, which had been sent to people in several states via standard mail, included a check for what the scammers said was an unclaimed Mega Millions prize. If the check was cashed, it bounced, but not before the bank stamped it with a routing number and personal account information and sent it back to the fraudulent organization, providing them with the recipients' financial information.[42]
A budget impasse due to the 2006 New Jersey Government shutdown led to the temporary closing of its non-essential agencies on July 1, 2006. Among the casualties were the Atlantic City casinos and the New Jersey Lottery. Not only were New Jersey's in-house games (such as Pick-6) not drawn for about a week, but all New Jersey lottery terminals were shut down, meaning Mega Millions could not be played in New Jersey, even though Mega Millions was drawn as usual. A similar shutdown happened in Minnesota on July 1, 2011.
Elecia Battle made national headlines in January 2004 when she claimed that she had lost the winning ticket in the December 30, 2003 Mega Millions drawing.[43] She then filed a lawsuit against the woman who had come forward with the ticket, Rebecca Jemison. Several days later, when confronted with contradictory evidence, she admitted that she had lied.[44] Battle was charged with filing a false police report the following day. As a result of this false report, she was fined $1,000, ordered to perform 50 hours of community service, and required to compensate the police and courts for various costs incurred.[45]
The January 4, 2011 Mega Millions drawing drew attention for its similarity to "The Numbers," a sequence of six numbers that served as a plot device of the ABC drama series Lost. One such usage involved character Hugo "Hurley" Reyes playing the sequence in a similar "Mega Lotto" game, winning a nine-figure jackpot and subsequently experiencing numerous misfortunes in his personal life. The first three numbers (4, 8, 15) and mega ball (42) in the Mega Millions drawing matched the first three numbers and the final number (which Hurley also used as the "mega ball" number) in the Lost sequence. The last two numbers in the Mega Millions drawing did not match the last two numbers that were used in the scene. Those who played "The Numbers", including from quick-picks, won $150 ($118 in California) in a non-Megaplier game; $600 with the multiplier.[46]
The 12 original (before the 2010 cross-sell expansion) Mega Millions members have each produced at least one Mega Millions jackpot winner.
See also[edit]
Lottery jackpot records
Powerball
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Mega Millions FAQs". Megamillions.com. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions Official Home". Megamillions.com. Retrieved 2013-12-17.
^ Jump up to: a b "Mega Millions". Mega Millions. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
^ Jump up to: a b "2 winning tickets in $636M Mega Millions drawing - CBS News". CBS News with contributions from Associated Press. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Historic mega-jackpot split by two tickets". Mega Millions. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-19.
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions Increases Final Jackpot to $656M - ABC News". Associated Press via ABC News. 2012-04-02. Archived from the original on 2012-04-04. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ "Mega Power Lottery". Worldlottery.net. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions with Megaplier: Maine State Lottery". Mainelottery.com. 2013-09-24. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ "California's First Mega Millions Jackpot Winners The Lucky Seven -- Claim Prize". Mega Millions. 2005-11-18. Archived from the original on 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions Jackpot History". Megamillions.com. 2013-09-29. Archived from the original on 2013-09-29. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ "Rocky Face man wins half of record $390M jackpot". Megamillions.com. Archived from the original on 2008-09-06. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ [blog.timesunion.com/capitol/archives/274243/mega-millions-lottery-tickets-will-go-from-1-to-2/ Mega Millions lottery tickets will go from $1 to $2]
Jump up ^ Matt Stevens; Carol J. Williams (March 31, 2012). "Mega Millions mania leads to disappointment in California". Los Angeles Times.
Jump up ^ "Winning tickets for Mega Millions jackpot sold in Maryland, Illinois". CNN. 2012-03-31. Retrieved 2012-03-31.
^ Jump up to: a b "Georgia Mega Millions jackpot winner comes forward". Georgia Lottery via Mega Millions. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-19.
Jump up ^ "$324 million winner comes forward in California". California Lottery via Mega Millions. 2014-01-03. Retrieved 2016-01-13.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ [2]
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions :: The official Web site of the Missouri Lottery". Molottery.com. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
^ Jump up to: a b c "How To Play". Mega Millions. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
^ Jump up to: a b Prizes are uniform in all Mega Millions jurisdictions, with the exception of California (where all prizes, including the jackpot, are pari-mutuel; payouts are based on sales and the number of winners of each prize tier.) All other Mega Millions members' second through ninth prizes are set amounts, although in rare cases they can be reduced.
^ Jump up to: a b If more than one play wins the jackpot in a given drawing, the prize is divided equally among 5+1 plays. Winners have one year to collect a jackpot share; for other prizes, the deadline also is one year, except in California, where it is 180 days. Other than in and Texas (see below), a jackpot winner has 60 days from either the drawing, or in some jurisdictions, after claiming, to choose cash or annuity. The relative value of actual cash jackpot share fluctuates. Jackpots began at $15 million (disbursed in 30 graduated annual payments if the annuity is chosen); the corresponding cash value fluctuates depending on interest rates.
Jump up ^ "(56 choose 5)*46". Google. 2013-12-18. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ Sal Khan. "Mega Millions Jackpot Probability". Khan Academy.
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 5)*(51 choose 0)*45) - Google Search
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 4)*(51 choose 1)) - Google Search
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 4)*(51 choose 1)*45) - Google Search
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 3)*(51 choose 2)) - Google Search
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 2)*(51 choose 3)) - Google Search
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 3)*(51 choose 2)*45) - Google Search
Jump up ^ ((56 choose 5)*46)/((5 choose 1)*(51 choose 4)) - Google Search
Jump up ^ Lotto Numbers
Jump up ^ "CA Lottery Regulations" (PDF). California Lottery. 2012-09-27. Retrieved 2013-12-18.
Jump up ^ kowens (2011-10-20). "Frequently Asked Questions". Calottery.com. Archived from the original on 2011-12-07. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
Jump up ^ "What Happens to Unclaimed Prizes?". Michigan.gov. 2010-02-01. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Many major U.S. lottery prizes unclaimed". UPI.com. 2007-12-06. Archived from the original on 2008-02-22. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
Jump up ^ Michigan.gov , Lottery - Top Unclaimed Prizes
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions Drawing Time". Archived from the original on 2013-07-19. Retrieved 2013-12-18. 11:00 p.m. Eastern Time on Tuesdays and Fridays
Jump up ^ Channick, Robert (December 12, 2014). "WGN America dropping Illinois Lottery drawings". Chicago Tribune. Tribune Publishing. Retrieved January 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Megamillions Jackpot with 321 millions dollars win in New York stats".
Jump up ^ "Where does Mega Millions money go after the jackpot?". CBS News.
Jump up ^ "Mega Millions Logo Officials Warn of Lottery scams". ScamFraudAlert. 2011-11-28. Retrieved 2011-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Women argue over 'lost' jackpot". BBC News. 2004-01-06. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
Jump up ^ "Midwest: Ohio: Apology For Lottery Claim". The New York Times. 2004-01-09. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
Jump up ^ "Midwest: Ohio: Lottery Tale Costs Her $6,596". The New York Times. 2004-04-07. Retrieved 2008-02-19.
Jump up ^ Bonner, Jessie et al. (2011-01-05). 2 winners for $380M lottery sold in Wash., Idaho[permanent dead link]. Associated Press. Retrieved 2011-01-05.
External links[edit]
Official website
Telemarketing and Telephone Services: Prizes & Sweepstakes on U.S. Federal Trade Commission website
New Spin On Sweepstakes Scams on U.S. Federal Trade Commission website
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Powerball World's largest lottery jackpot
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Wesberry v. Sanders
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Wesberry v. Sanders
Supreme Court of the United States
Argued November 18, 1963
Decided February 17, 1964
Full case name
James P. Wesberry, Jr. et al. v. Carl E. Sanders et al.
Citations
376 U.S. 1 (more)
84 S.Ct. 526; 11 L.Ed.2d 481
Prior history
206 F. Supp. 276 (N.D. Ga. 1962), prob. juris. noted, 374 U.S. 802 (1963).
Holding
The Constitution requires that members of the House of Representatives be selected by districts composed, as nearly as is practicable, of equal population.
Court membership
Chief Justice
Earl Warren
Associate Justices
Hugo Black · William O. Douglas
Tom C. Clark · John M. Harlan II
William J. Brennan, Jr. · Potter Stewart
Byron White · Arthur Goldberg
Case opinions
Majority
Black, joined by Warren, Douglas, Brennan, White, Goldberg
Concur/dissent
Clark
Dissent
Harlan
Dissent
Stewart
Laws applied
U.S. Const., art. I, § 2.
This case overturned a previous ruling or rulings
Colegrove v. Green, 328 U.S. 549 (1946)
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
Wesberry v. Sanders
Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964) was a U.S. Supreme Court case involving U.S. Congressional districts in the state of Georgia. The Court issued its ruling on February 17, 1964. This decision requires each state to draw its U.S. Congressional districts so that they are approximately equal in population.
Nationally, this decision effectively reduced the representation of rural districts in the U.S. Congress. Particularly, the Court held that the population differences among Georgia's congressional districts were so great as to violate the Constitution.
In reaching this landmark decision, the Supreme Court asserted that Article I, Section 2 of the United States Constitution requires that representatives shall be chosen "by the People of the several States" and shall be "apportioned among the several States...according to their respective Numbers...." These words, the Court held, mean that "as nearly as practicable one man's vote in a congressional election is to be worth as much as another's."
Wesberry and the Court's later "one person, one vote" decisions had an extraordinary impact on the makeup of the House, on the content of public policy, and on electoral politics in general. However, these "one person, one vote" rules do not prevent and have not prevented gerrymandering.
A related case, Reynolds v. Sims, 377 U.S. 533 (1964), held that seats in both houses of a bicameral state legislature must also, to satisfy the Equal Protection Clause, represent districts as equal in population as practicably possible. The federal Senate was unaffected since the Constitution explicitly grants each state two senators.
Contents
[hide]
1 Decision
2 See also
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
Decision[edit]
Writing for the Court majority in Wesberry, Justice Black argued that a reading of the debates of the Constitutional Convention demonstrated conclusively that the Framers had meant, in using the phrase “by the People,” to guarantee equality of representation in the election of Members of the House of Representatives.[1]
Writing in dissent, Justice Harlan argued that the statements cited by Justice Black had uniformly been in the context of the Great Compromise. Justice Harlan further argued that the Convention debates were clear to the effect that Article I, § 4, had vested exclusive control over state districting practices in Congress and that the Court action overrode a congressional decision not to require equally populated districts.[1]
See also[edit]
Georgia v. Ashcroft, 539 U.S. 461 (2003): Georgia State Senate redistricting case
Miller v. Johnson, 515 U.S. 900 (1995): Later Georgia congressional redistricting case
List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 376
One Person, One Vote
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Congressional Districting - United States Constitution
Further reading[edit]
Carpenter, Richard V. (1964), "Wesberry v. Sanders: A Case of Oversimplification", Villanova Law Review, 9: 415 .
Weiss, Jonathan (1964), "An Analysis of Wesberry v. Sanders", Southern California Law Review, 8: 67 .
External links[edit]
Text of Wesberry v. Sanders, 376 U.S. 1 (1964) is available from: Findlaw Justia
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wesberry_v._Sanders&oldid=783964752"
Categories:
United States equal protection case law
1964 in United States case law
United States Supreme Court cases
United States electoral redistricting case law
United States One Person, One Vote Legal Doctrine
Congressional districts of Georgia (U.S. state)
United States Supreme Court cases of the Warren Court
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This page was last edited on 5 June 2017, at 18:41.
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