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List of Nobel laureates
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Nobel laureates receive a gold medal together with a diploma and (as of 2012) 8 million SEK (roughly US$1.2 million, €0.93 million).
Nobel laureates of 2012 Alvin E. Roth, Brian Kobilka, Robert J. Lefkowitz, David J. Wineland, and Serge Haroche during the ceremony
The Nobel Prizes (Swedish: Nobelpriset, Norwegian: Nobelprisen) are prizes awarded annually by the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences, the Swedish Academy, the Karolinska Institutet, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee to individuals and organizations who make outstanding contributions in the fields of chemistry, physics, literature, peace, and physiology or medicine.[1] They were established by the 1895 will of Alfred Nobel, which dictates that the awards should be administered by the Nobel Foundation. The Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences was established in 1968 by the Sveriges Riksbank, the central bank of Sweden, for contributions to the field of economics. Each recipient, or "laureate", receives a gold medal, a diploma, and a sum of money, which is decided by the Nobel Foundation, yearly.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Prize
2 Laureates
3 List of laureates
4 Notes
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Prize
Each prize is awarded by a separate committee; the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences awards the Prizes in Physics, Chemistry, and Economics, the Karolinska Institute awards the Prize in Physiology or Medicine, and the Norwegian Nobel Committee awards the Prize in Peace.[3] Each recipient receives a medal, a diploma and a monetary award that has varied throughout the years.[2] In 1901, the recipients of the first Nobel Prizes were given 150,782 SEK, which is equal to 7,731,004 SEK in December 2007. In 2008, the laureates were awarded a prize amount of 10,000,000 SEK.[4] The awards are presented in Stockholm in an annual ceremony on December 10, the anniversary of Nobel's death.[5]
In years in which the Nobel Prize is not awarded due to external events or a lack of nominations, the prize money is returned to the funds delegated to the relevant prize.[6] The Nobel Prize was not awarded between 1940 and 1942 due to the outbreak of World War II.[7]
Laureates
Between 1901 and 2017, the Nobel Prizes and the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences were awarded 585 times to 923 people and organizations. With some receiving the Nobel Prize more than once, this makes a total of 892 individuals (including 844 men, 48 women) and 24 organizations.[8] Four Nobel laureates were not permitted by their governments to accept the Nobel Prize. Adolf Hitler forbade three Germans, Richard Kuhn (Chemistry, 1938), Adolf Butenandt (Chemistry, 1939), and Gerhard Domagk (Physiology or Medicine, 1939), from accepting their Nobel Prizes, and the government of the Soviet Union pressured Boris Pasternak (Literature, 1958) to decline his award. Two Nobel laureates, Jean-Paul Sartre (Literature, 1964) and Lê Ðức Thọ (Peace, 1973), declined the award; Sartre declined the award as he declined all official honors, and Lê declined the award due to the situation Vietnam was in at the time.
Six laureates have received more than one prize; of the six, the International Committee of the Red Cross has received the Nobel Peace Prize three times, more than any other.[9] UNHCR has been awarded the Nobel Peace Prize twice. Also the Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded to John Bardeen twice, and the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to Frederick Sanger. Two laureates have been awarded twice but not in the same field: Marie Curie (Physics and Chemistry) and Linus Pauling (Chemistry and Peace). Among the 892 Nobel laureates, 48 have been women; the first woman to receive a Nobel Prize was Marie Curie, who received the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1903.[10] She was also the first person (male or female) to be awarded two Nobel Prizes, the second award being the Nobel Prize in Chemistry, given in 1911.[9]
List of laureates
Year
Physics
Chemistry
Physiology
or Medicine
Literature
Peace
Economics
1901 Röntgen, WilhelmWilhelm Röntgen Hoff, Jacobus Henricus van 'tJacobus Henricus van 't Hoff von Behring, Emil AdolfEmil Adolf von Behring Prudhomme, SullySully Prudhomme Dunant, HenryHenry Dunant;
Passy, FrédéricFrédéric Passy —
1902 Lorentz, HendrikHendrik Lorentz;
Zeeman, PieterPieter Zeeman Fischer, Hermann EmilHermann Emil Fischer Ross, RonaldRonald Ross Mommsen, TheodorTheodor Mommsen Ducommun, ÉlieÉlie Ducommun;
Gobat, Charles AlbertCharles Albert Gobat —
1903 Becquerel, HenriHenri Becquerel;
Curie, PierrePierre Curie;
Curie, MarieMarie Curie Arrhenius, SvanteSvante Arrhenius Finsen, Niels RybergNiels Ryberg Finsen Bjørnson, BjørnstjerneBjørnstjerne Bjørnson Cremer, RandalRandal Cremer —
1904 Rayleigh, LordLord Rayleigh Ramsay, WilliamWilliam Ramsay Pavlov, IvanIvan Pavlov Mistral, FrédéricFrédéric Mistral;
Echegaray, JoséJosé Echegaray Institut de Droit International —
1905 Lenard, PhilippPhilipp Lenard Baeyer, Adolf vonAdolf von Baeyer Koch, RobertRobert Koch Sienkiewicz, HenrykHenryk Sienkiewicz Suttner, Bertha vonBertha von Suttner —
1906 Thomson, J. J.J. J. Thomson Moissan, HenriHenri Moissan Golgi, CamilloCamillo Golgi;
Ramón y Cajal, SantiagoSantiago Ramón y Cajal Carducci, GiosuèGiosuè Carducci Roosevelt, TheodoreTheodore Roosevelt —
1907 Michelson, Albert AbrahamAlbert Abraham Michelson Buchner, EduardEduard Buchner Laveran, Charles Louis AlphonseCharles Louis Alphonse Laveran Kipling, RudyardRudyard Kipling Moneta, Ernesto TeodoroErnesto Teodoro Moneta;
Renault, LouisLouis Renault —
1908 Lippmann, GabrielGabriel Lippmann Rutherford, ErnestErnest Rutherford Metchnikoff, ÉlieÉlie Metchnikoff;
Ehrlich, PaulPaul Ehrlich Eucken, Rudolf ChristophRudolf Christoph Eucken Arnoldson, Klas PontusKlas Pontus Arnoldson;
Bajer, FredrikFredrik Bajer —
1909 Braun, Karl FerdinandKarl Ferdinand Braun;
Marconi, GuglielmoGuglielmo Marconi Ostwald, WilhelmWilhelm Ostwald Kocher, Emil TheodorEmil Theodor Kocher Lagerlöf, SelmaSelma Lagerlöf Beernaert, Auguste Marie FrançoisAuguste Marie François Beernaert;
d'Estournelles de Constant, Paul-Henri-BenjaminPaul-Henri-Benjamin d'Estournelles de Constant —
1910 Waals, Johannes Diderik van derJohannes Diderik van der Waals Wallach, OttoOtto Wallach Kossel, AlbrechtAlbrecht Kossel Heyse, PaulPaul Heyse International Peace Bureau —
1911 Wien, WilhelmWilhelm Wien Skłodowska-Curie, MarieMarie Skłodowska-Curie Gullstrand, AllvarAllvar Gullstrand Maeterlinck, MauriceMaurice Maeterlinck Asser, TobiasTobias Asser;
Fried, Alfred HermannAlfred Hermann Fried —
1912 Dalén, GustafGustaf Dalén Grignard, VictorVictor Grignard;
Sabatier, PaulPaul Sabatier Carrel, AlexisAlexis Carrel Hauptmann, GerhartGerhart Hauptmann Root, ElihuElihu Root —
1913 Kamerlingh Onnes, HeikeHeike Kamerlingh Onnes Werner, AlfredAlfred Werner Richet, CharlesCharles Richet Tagore, RabindranathRabindranath Tagore La Fontaine, HenriHenri La Fontaine —
1914 von Laue, MaxMax von Laue Richards, Theodore WilliamTheodore William Richards Bárány, RobertRobert Bárány None None —
1915 Bragg, William HenryWilliam Henry Bragg;
Bragg, William LawrenceWilliam Lawrence Bragg Willstätter, RichardRichard Willstätter None Rolland, RomainRomain Rolland None —
1916 None None None Heidenstam, Verner vonVerner von Heidenstam None —
1917 Barkla, Charles GloverCharles Glover Barkla None None Gjellerup, Karl AdolphKarl Adolph Gjellerup;
Pontoppidan, HenrikHenrik Pontoppidan International Committee of the Red Cross —
1918 Planck, MaxMax Planck Haber, FritzFritz Haber None None None —
1919 Stark, JohannesJohannes Stark None Bordet, JulesJules Bordet Spitteler, CarlCarl Spitteler Wilson, WoodrowWoodrow Wilson —
1920 Guillaume, Charles ÉdouardCharles Édouard Guillaume Nernst, WaltherWalther Nernst Krogh, AugustAugust Krogh Hamsun, KnutKnut Hamsun Bourgeois, LéonLéon Bourgeois —
1921 Einstein, AlbertAlbert Einstein Soddy, FrederickFrederick Soddy None France, AnatoleAnatole France Branting, HjalmarHjalmar Branting;
Lange, Christian LousChristian Lous Lange —
1922 Bohr, NielsNiels Bohr Aston, Francis WilliamFrancis William Aston Hill, ArchibaldArchibald Hill;
Meyerhof, Otto FritzOtto Fritz Meyerhof Benavente, JacintoJacinto Benavente Nansen, FridtjofFridtjof Nansen —
1923 Millikan, Robert AndrewsRobert Andrews Millikan Pregl, FritzFritz Pregl Banting, FrederickFrederick Banting;
Macleod, John James RickardJohn James Rickard Macleod Yeats, W. B.W. B. Yeats None —
1924 Siegbahn, ManneManne Siegbahn None Einthoven, WillemWillem Einthoven Reymont, WładysławWładysław Reymont None —
1925 Franck, JamesJames Franck;
Hertz, Gustav LudwigGustav Ludwig Hertz Zsigmondy, Richard AdolfRichard Adolf Zsigmondy None Shaw, George BernardGeorge Bernard Shaw Chamberlain, AustenAusten Chamberlain;
Dawes, Charles G.Charles G. Dawes —
1926 Perrin, Jean BaptisteJean Baptiste Perrin Svedberg, TheodorTheodor Svedberg Fibiger, JohannesJohannes Fibiger Deledda, GraziaGrazia Deledda Briand, AristideAristide Briand;
Stresemann, GustavGustav Stresemann —
1927 Compton, ArthurArthur Compton;
Wilson, Charles Thomson ReesCharles Thomson Rees Wilson Wieland, Heinrich OttoHeinrich Otto Wieland Wagner-Jauregg, JuliusJulius Wagner-Jauregg Bergson, HenriHenri Bergson Buisson, FerdinandFerdinand Buisson;
Quidde, LudwigLudwig Quidde —
1928 Richardson, Owen WillansOwen Willans Richardson Windaus, Adolf Otto ReinholdAdolf Otto Reinhold Windaus Nicolle, CharlesCharles Nicolle Undset, SigridSigrid Undset None —
1929 Broglie, Louis deLouis de Broglie Harden, ArthurArthur Harden;
von Euler-Chelpin, HansHans von Euler-Chelpin Eijkman, ChristiaanChristiaan Eijkman;
Hopkins, Frederick GowlandFrederick Gowland Hopkins Mann, ThomasThomas Mann Kellogg, Frank B.Frank B. Kellogg —
1930 Raman, C. V.C. V. Raman Fischer, HansHans Fischer Landsteiner, KarlKarl Landsteiner Lewis, SinclairSinclair Lewis Söderblom, NathanNathan Söderblom —
1931 None Bosch, CarlCarl Bosch;
Bergius, FriedrichFriedrich Bergius Warburg, Otto HeinrichOtto Heinrich Warburg Karlfeldt, Erik AxelErik Axel Karlfeldt Addams, JaneJane Addams;
Butler, Nicholas MurrayNicholas Murray Butler —
1932 Heisenberg, WernerWerner Heisenberg Langmuir, IrvingIrving Langmuir Sherrington, Charles ScottCharles Scott Sherrington;
Adrian, EdgarEdgar Adrian Galsworthy, JohnJohn Galsworthy None —
1933 Schrödinger, ErwinErwin Schrödinger;
Dirac, PaulPaul Dirac None Morgan, Thomas HuntThomas Hunt Morgan Bunin, IvanIvan Bunin Angell, NormanNorman Angell —
1934 None Urey, HaroldHarold Urey Whipple, GeorgeGeorge Whipple;
Minot, GeorgeGeorge Minot;
Murphy, William P.William P. Murphy Pirandello, LuigiLuigi Pirandello Henderson, ArthurArthur Henderson —
1935 Chadwick, JamesJames Chadwick Joliot-Curie, FrédéricFrédéric Joliot-Curie;
Joliot-Curie, IrèneIrène Joliot-Curie Spemann, HansHans Spemann None von Ossietzky, CarlCarl von Ossietzky —
1936 Hess, Victor FrancisVictor Francis Hess;
Anderson, Carl DavidCarl David Anderson Debye, PeterPeter Debye Dale, Henry HallettHenry Hallett Dale;
Loewi, OttoOtto Loewi O'Neill, EugeneEugene O'Neill Lamas, Carlos SaavedraCarlos Saavedra Lamas —
1937 Davisson, ClintonClinton Davisson;
Thomson, George PagetGeorge Paget Thomson Haworth, NormanNorman Haworth;
Karrer, PaulPaul Karrer Szent-Györgyi, AlbertAlbert Szent-Györgyi du Gard, Roger MartinRoger Martin du Gard Cecil of Chelwood, The ViscountThe Viscount Cecil of Chelwood —
1938 Fermi, EnricoEnrico Fermi Kuhn, RichardRichard Kuhn[A] Heymans, CorneilleCorneille Heymans Buck, Pearl S.Pearl S. Buck Nansen International Office For Refugees —
1939 Lawrence, ErnestErnest Lawrence Butenandt, AdolfAdolf Butenandt;[A]
Ružička, LeopoldLeopold Ružička Domagk, GerhardGerhard Domagk[A] Sillanpää, Frans EemilFrans Eemil Sillanpää None —
1940 None None None None None —
1941 None None None None None —
1942 None None None None None —
1943 Stern, OttoOtto Stern Hevesy, George deGeorge de Hevesy Dam, HenrikHenrik Dam;
Doisy, Edward AdelbertEdward Adelbert Doisy None None —
1944 Rabi, Isidor IsaacIsidor Isaac Rabi Hahn, OttoOtto Hahn Erlanger, JosephJoseph Erlanger;
Gasser, Herbert SpencerHerbert Spencer Gasser Jensen, Johannes VilhelmJohannes Vilhelm Jensen International Committee of the Red Cross —
1945 Pauli, WolfgangWolfgang Pauli Virtanen, Artturi IlmariArtturi Ilmari Virtanen Fleming, AlexanderAlexander Fleming;
Chain, Ernst BorisErnst Boris Chain;
Florey, HowardHoward Florey Mistral, GabrielaGabriela Mistral Hull, CordellCordell Hull —
1946 Bridgman, Percy WilliamsPercy Williams Bridgman Sumner, James B.James B. Sumner;
Northrop, John HowardJohn Howard Northrop;
Stanley, Wendell MeredithWendell Meredith Stanley Muller, Hermann JosephHermann Joseph Muller Hesse, HermannHermann Hesse Balch, Emily GreeneEmily Greene Balch;
Mott, JohnJohn Mott —
1947 Appleton, Edward VictorEdward Victor Appleton Robinson, RobertRobert Robinson Cori, Carl FerdinandCarl Ferdinand Cori;
Cori, GertyGerty Cori;
Houssay, BernardoBernardo Houssay Gide, AndréAndré Gide Friends Service Council;
American Friends Service Committee —
1948 Blackett, PatrickPatrick Blackett Tiselius, ArneArne Tiselius Müller, Paul HermannPaul Hermann Müller Eliot, T. S.T. S. Eliot None[B] —
1949 Yukawa, HidekiHideki Yukawa Giauque, WilliamWilliam Giauque Hess, Walter RudolfWalter Rudolf Hess;
Moniz, António EgasAntónio Egas Moniz Faulkner, WilliamWilliam Faulkner Boyd Orr, JohnJohn Boyd Orr —
1950 Powell, C. F.C. F. Powell Diels, OttoOtto Diels;
Alder, KurtKurt Alder Hench, Philip ShowalterPhilip Showalter Hench;
Kendall, Edward CalvinEdward Calvin Kendall;
Reichstein, TadeusTadeus Reichstein Russell, BertrandBertrand Russell Bunche, RalphRalph Bunche —
1951 Cockcroft, JohnJohn Cockcroft;
Walton, ErnestErnest Walton McMillan, EdwinEdwin McMillan;
Seaborg, Glenn T.Glenn T. Seaborg Theiler, MaxMax Theiler Lagerkvist, PärPär Lagerkvist Jouhaux, LéonLéon Jouhaux —
1952 Bloch, FelixFelix Bloch;
Purcell, Edward MillsEdward Mills Purcell Martin, Archer John PorterArcher John Porter Martin;
Synge, Richard Laurence MillingtonRichard Laurence Millington Synge Waksman, SelmanSelman Waksman Mauriac, FrançoisFrançois Mauriac Schweitzer, AlbertAlbert Schweitzer —
1953 Zernike, FritsFrits Zernike Staudinger, HermannHermann Staudinger Krebs, Hans AdolfHans Adolf Krebs;
Lipmann, Fritz AlbertFritz Albert Lipmann Churchill, WinstonWinston Churchill Marshall, GeorgeGeorge Marshall —
1954 Born, MaxMax Born;
Bothe, WaltherWalther Bothe Pauling, LinusLinus Pauling Enders, John FranklinJohn Franklin Enders;
Robbins, Frederick ChapmanFrederick Chapman Robbins;
Weller, Thomas HuckleThomas Huckle Weller Hemingway, ErnestErnest Hemingway United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees —
1955 Lamb, WillisWillis Lamb;
Kusch, PolykarpPolykarp Kusch du Vigneaud, VincentVincent du Vigneaud Theorell, HugoHugo Theorell Laxness, HalldórHalldór Laxness None —
1956 Bardeen, JohnJohn Bardeen;
Brattain, Walter HouserWalter Houser Brattain;
Shockley, WilliamWilliam Shockley Hinshelwood, Cyril NormanCyril Norman Hinshelwood;
Semyonov, NikolayNikolay Semyonov Cournand, André FrédéricAndré Frédéric Cournand;
Forssmann, WernerWerner Forssmann;
Richards, Dickinson W.Dickinson W. Richards Jiménez, Juan RamónJuan Ramón Jiménez None —
1957 Yang, Chen NingChen Ning Yang;
Lee, Tsung-DaoTsung-Dao Lee Todd, The LordThe Lord Todd Bovet, DanielDaniel Bovet Camus, AlbertAlbert Camus Pearson, Lester B.Lester B. Pearson —
1958 Cherenkov, PavelPavel Cherenkov;
Frank, IlyaIlya Frank;
Tamm, IgorIgor Tamm Sanger, FrederickFrederick Sanger Beadle, George WellsGeorge Wells Beadle;
Tatum, Edward LawrieEdward Lawrie Tatum;
Lederberg, JoshuaJoshua Lederberg Pasternak, BorisBoris Pasternak[C] Pire, DominiqueDominique Pire —
1959 Segrè, Emilio G.Emilio G. Segrè;
Chamberlain, OwenOwen Chamberlain Heyrovský, JaroslavJaroslav Heyrovský Kornberg, ArthurArthur Kornberg;
Ochoa, SeveroSevero Ochoa Quasimodo, SalvatoreSalvatore Quasimodo Noel-Baker, PhilipPhilip Noel-Baker —
1960 Glaser, Donald A.Donald A. Glaser Libby, WillardWillard Libby Burnet, Frank MacfarlaneFrank Macfarlane Burnet;
Medawar, PeterPeter Medawar Perse, Saint-JohnSaint-John Perse Lutuli, AlbertAlbert Lutuli —
1961 Hofstadter, RobertRobert Hofstadter;
Mössbauer, RudolfRudolf Mössbauer Calvin, MelvinMelvin Calvin von Békésy, GeorgGeorg von Békésy Andrić, IvoIvo Andrić Hammarskjöld, DagDag Hammarskjöld —
1962 Landau, LevLev Landau Perutz, MaxMax Perutz;
Kendrew, JohnJohn Kendrew Crick, FrancisFrancis Crick;
Watson, James D.James D. Watson;
Wilkins, MauriceMaurice Wilkins Steinbeck, JohnJohn Steinbeck Pauling, LinusLinus Pauling —
1963 Wigner, EugeneEugene Wigner;
Goeppert-Mayer, MariaMaria Goeppert-Mayer;
Jensen, J. Hans D.J. Hans D. Jensen Ziegler, KarlKarl Ziegler;
Natta, GiulioGiulio Natta Eccles, JohnJohn Eccles;
Hodgkin, Alan LloydAlan Lloyd Hodgkin;
Huxley, AndrewAndrew Huxley Seferis, GiorgosGiorgos Seferis International Committee of the Red Cross;
League of Red Cross societies —
1964 Townes, Charles HardCharles Hard Townes;
Basov, NikolayNikolay Basov;
Prokhorov, AlexanderAlexander Prokhorov Hodgkin, DorothyDorothy Hodgkin Bloch, Konrad EmilKonrad Emil Bloch;
Lynen, Feodor Felix KonradFeodor Felix Konrad Lynen Sartre, Jean-PaulJean-Paul Sartre[D] King, Jr., Martin LutherMartin Luther King, Jr. —
1965 Tomonaga, Sin-ItiroSin-Itiro Tomonaga;
Schwinger, JulianJulian Schwinger;
Feynman, RichardRichard Feynman Woodward, Robert BurnsRobert Burns Woodward Jacob, FrançoisFrançois Jacob;
Lwoff, André MichelAndré Michel Lwoff;
Monod, JacquesJacques Monod Sholokhov, MikhailMikhail Sholokhov United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) —
1966 Kastler, AlfredAlfred Kastler Mulliken, Robert S.Robert S. Mulliken Rous, Francis PeytonFrancis Peyton Rous;
Huggins, Charles BrentonCharles Brenton Huggins Agnon, Shmuel YosefShmuel Yosef Agnon;
Sachs, NellyNelly Sachs None —
1967 Bethe, HansHans Bethe Eigen, ManfredManfred Eigen;
Norrish, Ronald George WreyfordRonald George Wreyford Norrish;
Porter, GeorgeGeorge Porter Granit, RagnarRagnar Granit;
Hartline, Haldan KefferHaldan Keffer Hartline;
Wald, GeorgeGeorge Wald Asturias, Miguel ÁngelMiguel Ángel Asturias None —
1968 Alvarez, Luis WalterLuis Walter Alvarez Onsager, LarsLars Onsager Holley, Robert W.Robert W. Holley;
Khorana, Har GobindHar Gobind Khorana;
Nirenberg, Marshall WarrenMarshall Warren Nirenberg Kawabata, YasunariYasunari Kawabata Cassin, RenéRené Cassin —
1969 Gell-Mann, MurrayMurray Gell-Mann Barton, DerekDerek Barton;
Hassel, OddOdd Hassel Delbrück, MaxMax Delbrück;
Hershey, AlfredAlfred Hershey;
Luria, SalvadorSalvador Luria Beckett, SamuelSamuel Beckett International Labour Organization Frisch, RagnarRagnar Frisch;
Tinbergen, JanJan Tinbergen
1970 Alfvén, HannesHannes Alfvén;
Néel, LouisLouis Néel Leloir, Luis FedericoLuis Federico Leloir Axelrod, JuliusJulius Axelrod;
von Euler, UlfUlf von Euler;
Katz, BernardBernard Katz Solzhenitsyn, AleksandrAleksandr Solzhenitsyn Borlaug, NormanNorman Borlaug Samuelson, PaulPaul Samuelson
1971 Gabor, DennisDennis Gabor Herzberg, GerhardGerhard Herzberg Sutherland, Jr., Earl WilburEarl Wilbur Sutherland, Jr. Neruda, PabloPablo Neruda Brandt, WillyWilly Brandt Kuznets, SimonSimon Kuznets
1972 Bardeen, JohnJohn Bardeen;
Cooper, LeonLeon Cooper;
Schrieffer, John RobertJohn Robert Schrieffer Anfinsen, Christian B.Christian B. Anfinsen;
Moore, StanfordStanford Moore;
Stein, William HowardWilliam Howard Stein Edelman, GeraldGerald Edelman;
Porter, Rodney RobertRodney Robert Porter Böll, HeinrichHeinrich Böll None Hicks, JohnJohn Hicks;
Arrow, KennethKenneth Arrow
1973 Esaki, LeoLeo Esaki;
Giaever, IvarIvar Giaever;
Josephson, Brian DavidBrian David Josephson Fischer, Ernst OttoErnst Otto Fischer;
Wilkinson, GeoffreyGeoffrey Wilkinson von Frisch, KarlKarl von Frisch;
Lorenz, KonradKonrad Lorenz;
Tinbergen, NikolaasNikolaas Tinbergen White, PatrickPatrick White Kissinger, HenryHenry Kissinger;
Duc Tho, LeLe Duc Tho[E] Leontief, WassilyWassily Leontief
1974 Ryle, MartinMartin Ryle;
Hewish, AntonyAntony Hewish Flory, PaulPaul Flory Claude, AlbertAlbert Claude;
de Duve, ChristianChristian de Duve;
Palade, George EmilGeorge Emil Palade Johnson, EyvindEyvind Johnson;
Martinson, HarryHarry Martinson MacBride, SeánSeán MacBride;
Satō, EisakuEisaku Satō Myrdal, GunnarGunnar Myrdal;
Hayek, FriedrichFriedrich Hayek
1975 Bohr, AageAage Bohr;
Mottelson, Ben RoyBen Roy Mottelson;
Rainwater, JamesJames Rainwater Cornforth, JohnJohn Cornforth;
Prelog, VladimirVladimir Prelog Baltimore, DavidDavid Baltimore;
Dulbecco, RenatoRenato Dulbecco;
Temin, Howard MartinHoward Martin Temin Montale, EugenioEugenio Montale Sakharov, AndreiAndrei Sakharov Kantorovich, LeonidLeonid Kantorovich;
Koopmans, TjallingTjalling Koopmans
1976 Richter, BurtonBurton Richter;
Ting, Samuel C. C.Samuel C. C. Ting Lipscomb, WilliamWilliam Lipscomb Blumberg, Baruch SamuelBaruch Samuel Blumberg;
Gajdusek, Daniel CarletonDaniel Carleton Gajdusek Bellow, SaulSaul Bellow Williams, BettyBetty Williams;
Maguire, MaireadMairead Maguire Friedman, MiltonMilton Friedman
1977 Anderson, Philip WarrenPhilip Warren Anderson;
Mott, Nevill FrancisNevill Francis Mott;
Van Vleck, John HasbrouckJohn Hasbrouck Van Vleck Prigogine, IlyaIlya Prigogine Guillemin, RogerRoger Guillemin;
Schally, AndrewAndrew Schally;
Yalow, Rosalyn SussmanRosalyn Sussman Yalow Aleixandre, VicenteVicente Aleixandre Amnesty International Ohlin, BertilBertil Ohlin;
Meade, JamesJames Meade
1978 Kapitsa, PyotrPyotr Kapitsa;
Penzias, Arno AllanArno Allan Penzias;
Wilson, Robert WoodrowRobert Woodrow Wilson Mitchell, Peter D.Peter D. Mitchell Arber, WernerWerner Arber;
Nathans, DanielDaniel Nathans;
Smith, Hamilton O.Hamilton O. Smith Singer, Isaac BashevisIsaac Bashevis Singer Sadat, AnwarAnwar Sadat;
Begin, MenachemMenachem Begin Simon, Herbert A.Herbert A. Simon
1979 Glashow, Sheldon LeeSheldon Lee Glashow;
Salam, AbdusAbdus Salam;
Weinberg, StevenSteven Weinberg Brown, Herbert C.Herbert C. Brown;
Wittig, GeorgGeorg Wittig Cormack, Allan McLeodAllan McLeod Cormack;
Hounsfield, GodfreyGodfrey Hounsfield Elytis, OdysseasOdysseas Elytis Teresa, MotherMother Teresa Schultz, TheodoreTheodore Schultz;
Lewis, ArthurArthur Lewis
1980 Cronin, JamesJames Cronin;
Fitch, Val LogsdonVal Logsdon Fitch Berg, PaulPaul Berg;
Gilbert, WalterWalter Gilbert;
Sanger, FrederickFrederick Sanger Benacerraf, BarujBaruj Benacerraf;
Dausset, JeanJean Dausset;
Snell, George DavisGeorge Davis Snell Miłosz, CzesławCzesław Miłosz Esquivel, Adolfo PérezAdolfo Pérez Esquivel Klein, LawrenceLawrence Klein
1981 Bloembergen, NicolaasNicolaas Bloembergen;
Schawlow, Arthur LeonardArthur Leonard Schawlow;
Siegbahn, KaiKai Siegbahn Fukui, KenichiKenichi Fukui;
Hoffmann, RoaldRoald Hoffmann Sperry, Roger WolcottRoger Wolcott Sperry;
Hubel, David H.David H. Hubel;
Wiesel, TorstenTorsten Wiesel Canetti, EliasElias Canetti United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees Tobin, JamesJames Tobin
1982 Wilson, Kenneth G.Kenneth G. Wilson Klug, AaronAaron Klug Bergström, SuneSune Bergström;
Samuelsson, Bengt I.Bengt I. Samuelsson;
Vane, JohnJohn Vane Márquez, Gabriel GarcíaGabriel García Márquez Myrdal, AlvaAlva Myrdal;
Robles, Alfonso GarcíaAlfonso García Robles Stigler, GeorgeGeorge Stigler
1983 Chandrasekhar, SubrahmanyanSubrahmanyan Chandrasekhar;
Fowler, William AlfredWilliam Alfred Fowler Taube, HenryHenry Taube McClintock, BarbaraBarbara McClintock Golding, WilliamWilliam Golding Wałęsa, LechLech Wałęsa Debreu, GérardGérard Debreu
1984 Rubbia, CarloCarlo Rubbia;
van der Meer, SimonSimon van der Meer Merrifield, Robert BruceRobert Bruce Merrifield Jerne, Niels KajNiels Kaj Jerne;
Köhler, Georges J. F.Georges J. F. Köhler;
Milstein, CésarCésar Milstein Seifert, JaroslavJaroslav Seifert Tutu, DesmondDesmond Tutu Stone, RichardRichard Stone
1985 von Klitzing, KlausKlaus von Klitzing Hauptman, Herbert A.Herbert A. Hauptman;
Karle, JeromeJerome Karle Brown, Michael StuartMichael Stuart Brown;
Goldstein, Joseph L.Joseph L. Goldstein Simon, ClaudeClaude Simon International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War Modigliani, FrancoFranco Modigliani
1986 Ruska, ErnstErnst Ruska;
Binnig, GerdGerd Binnig;
Rohrer, HeinrichHeinrich Rohrer Herschbach, Dudley R.Dudley R. Herschbach;
Lee, Yuan T.Yuan T. Lee;
Polanyi, JohnJohn Polanyi Cohen, StanleyStanley Cohen;
Levi-Montalcini, RitaRita Levi-Montalcini Soyinka, WoleWole Soyinka Wiesel, ElieElie Wiesel Buchanan, James M.James M. Buchanan
1987 Bednorz, Johannes GeorgJohannes Georg Bednorz;
Müller, Karl AlexanderKarl Alexander Müller Cram, Donald J.Donald J. Cram;
Lehn, Jean-MarieJean-Marie Lehn;
Pedersen, Charles J.Charles J. Pedersen Tonegawa, SusumuSusumu Tonegawa Brodsky, JosephJoseph Brodsky Arias, ÓscarÓscar Arias Solow, RobertRobert Solow
1988 Lederman, Leon M.Leon M. Lederman;
Schwartz, MelvinMelvin Schwartz;
Steinberger, JackJack Steinberger Deisenhofer, JohannJohann Deisenhofer;
Huber, RobertRobert Huber;
Michel, HartmutHartmut Michel Black, James W.James W. Black;
Elion, Gertrude B.Gertrude B. Elion;
Hitchings, George H.George H. Hitchings Mahfouz, NaguibNaguib Mahfouz United Nations Peace-Keeping Forces Allais, MauriceMaurice Allais
1989 Ramsey, Jr., Norman FosterNorman Foster Ramsey, Jr.;
Dehmelt, Hans GeorgHans Georg Dehmelt;
Paul, WolfgangWolfgang Paul Altman, SidneySidney Altman;
Cech, ThomasThomas Cech Bishop, J. MichaelJ. Michael Bishop;
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1990 Friedman, Jerome IsaacJerome Isaac Friedman;
Kendall, Henry WayHenry Way Kendall;
Taylor, Richard E.Richard E. Taylor Corey, Elias JamesElias James Corey Murray, JosephJoseph Murray;
Thomas, E. DonnallE. Donnall Thomas Paz, OctavioOctavio Paz Gorbachev, MikhailMikhail Gorbachev Markowitz, HarryHarry Markowitz;
Miller, MertonMerton Miller;
Sharpe, William F.William F. Sharpe
1991 Gennes, Pierre-Gilles dePierre-Gilles de Gennes Ernst, Richard R.Richard R. Ernst Neher, ErwinErwin Neher;
Sakmann, BertBert Sakmann Gordimer, NadineNadine Gordimer Suu Kyi, Aung SanAung San Suu Kyi Coase, RonaldRonald Coase
1992 Charpak, GeorgesGeorges Charpak Marcus, Rudolph A.Rudolph A. Marcus Fischer, Edmond H.Edmond H. Fischer;
Krebs, Edwin G.Edwin G. Krebs Walcott, DerekDerek Walcott Menchú, RigobertaRigoberta Menchú Becker, GaryGary Becker
1993 Hulse, Russell AlanRussell Alan Hulse;
Taylor, Jr., Joseph HootonJoseph Hooton Taylor, Jr. Mullis, KaryKary Mullis;
Smith, MichaelMichael Smith Roberts, Richard J.Richard J. Roberts;
Sharp, Phillip AllenPhillip Allen Sharp Morrison, ToniToni Morrison Mandela, NelsonNelson Mandela;
de Klerk, F. W.F. W. de Klerk Fogel, RobertRobert Fogel;
North, DouglassDouglass North
1994 Brockhouse, BertramBertram Brockhouse;
Shull, CliffordClifford Shull Olah, George AndrewGeorge Andrew Olah Gilman, Alfred G.Alfred G. Gilman;
Rodbell, MartinMartin Rodbell Ōe, KenzaburōKenzaburō Ōe Arafat, YasserYasser Arafat;
Peres, ShimonShimon Peres;
Rabin, YitzhakYitzhak Rabin Harsanyi, JohnJohn Harsanyi;
Nash, Jr., John ForbesJohn Forbes Nash, Jr.;
Selten, ReinhardReinhard Selten
1995 Perl, Martin LewisMartin Lewis Perl;
Reines, FrederickFrederick Reines Crutzen, Paul J.Paul J. Crutzen;
Molina, Mario J.Mario J. Molina;
Rowland, Frank SherwoodFrank Sherwood Rowland Lewis, Edward B.Edward B. Lewis;
Nüsslein-Volhard, ChristianeChristiane Nüsslein-Volhard;
Wieschaus, Eric F.Eric F. Wieschaus Heaney, SeamusSeamus Heaney Rotblat, JosephJoseph Rotblat;
Pugwash Conferences on Science and World Affairs Lucas, Jr., RobertRobert Lucas, Jr.
1996 Lee, DavidDavid Lee;
Osheroff, DouglasDouglas Osheroff;
Richardson, Robert ColemanRobert Coleman Richardson Curl Jr., Robert F.Robert F. Curl Jr.;
Kroto, HarryHarry Kroto;
Smalley, RichardRichard Smalley Doherty, Peter C.Peter C. Doherty;
Zinkernagel, Rolf M.Rolf M. Zinkernagel Szymborska, WisławaWisława Szymborska Belo, Carlos Filipe XimenesCarlos Filipe Ximenes Belo;
Ramos-Horta, JoséJosé Ramos-Horta Mirrlees, JamesJames Mirrlees;
Vickrey, WilliamWilliam Vickrey
1997 Chu, StevenSteven Chu;
Cohen-Tannoudji, ClaudeClaude Cohen-Tannoudji;
Phillips, William DanielWilliam Daniel Phillips Boyer, Paul D.Paul D. Boyer;
Walker, John E.John E. Walker;
Skou, Jens ChristianJens Christian Skou Prusiner, Stanley B.Stanley B. Prusiner Fo, DarioDario Fo International Campaign to Ban Landmines;
Williams, JodyJody Williams Merton, Robert C.Robert C. Merton;
Scholes, MyronMyron Scholes
1998 Laughlin, Robert B.Robert B. Laughlin;
Störmer, Horst LudwigHorst Ludwig Störmer;
Tsui, Daniel C.Daniel C. Tsui Kohn, WalterWalter Kohn;
Pople, JohnJohn Pople Furchgott, Robert F.Robert F. Furchgott;
Ignarro, LouisLouis Ignarro;
Murad, FeridFerid Murad Saramago, JoséJosé Saramago Hume, JohnJohn Hume;
Trimble, DavidDavid Trimble Sen, AmartyaAmartya Sen
1999 Hooft, Gerard 'tGerard 't Hooft;
Veltman, Martinus J. G.Martinus J. G. Veltman Zewail, AhmedAhmed Zewail Blobel, GünterGünter Blobel Grass, GünterGünter Grass Médecins Sans Frontières Mundell, RobertRobert Mundell
2000 Alferov, ZhoresZhores Alferov;
Kroemer, HerbertHerbert Kroemer;
Kilby, JackJack Kilby Heeger, Alan J.Alan J. Heeger;
MacDiarmid, AlanAlan MacDiarmid;
Shirakawa, HidekiHideki Shirakawa Carlsson, ArvidArvid Carlsson;
Greengard, PaulPaul Greengard;
Kandel, EricEric Kandel Xingjian, GaoGao Xingjian Dae-jung, KimKim Dae-jung Heckman, JamesJames Heckman;
McFadden, DanielDaniel McFadden
2001 Cornell, Eric AllinEric Allin Cornell;
Ketterle, WolfgangWolfgang Ketterle;
Wieman, CarlCarl Wieman Knowles, William StandishWilliam Standish Knowles;
Noyori, RyōjiRyōji Noyori;
Sharpless, Karl BarryKarl Barry Sharpless Hartwell, Leland H.Leland H. Hartwell;
Hunt, TimTim Hunt;
Nurse, PaulPaul Nurse Naipaul, V. S.V. S. Naipaul United Nations;
Annan, KofiKofi Annan Akerlof, GeorgeGeorge Akerlof;
Spence, MichaelMichael Spence;
Stiglitz, JosephJoseph Stiglitz
2002 Davis, Jr., RaymondRaymond Davis, Jr.;
Koshiba, MasatoshiMasatoshi Koshiba;
Giacconi, RiccardoRiccardo Giacconi Fenn, JohnJohn Fenn;
Tanaka, KoichiKoichi Tanaka;
Wüthrich, KurtKurt Wüthrich Brenner, SydneySydney Brenner;
Horvitz, H. RobertH. Robert Horvitz;
Sulston, JohnJohn Sulston Kertész, ImreImre Kertész Carter, JimmyJimmy Carter Kahneman, DanielDaniel Kahneman;
Smith, Vernon L.Vernon L. Smith
2003 Abrikosov, Alexei AlexeyevichAlexei Alexeyevich Abrikosov;
Ginzburg, VitalyVitaly Ginzburg;
Leggett, Anthony JamesAnthony James Leggett Agre, PeterPeter Agre;
MacKinnon, RoderickRoderick MacKinnon Lauterbur, PaulPaul Lauterbur;
Mansfield, PeterPeter Mansfield Coetzee, J. M.J. M. Coetzee Ebadi, ShirinShirin Ebadi Engle, Robert F.Robert F. Engle;
Granger, CliveClive Granger
2004 Gross, DavidDavid Gross;
Politzer, Hugh DavidHugh David Politzer;
Wilczek, FrankFrank Wilczek Ciechanover, AaronAaron Ciechanover;
Hershko, AvramAvram Hershko;
Rose, IrwinIrwin Rose Axel, RichardRichard Axel;
Buck, Linda B.Linda B. Buck Jelinek, ElfriedeElfriede Jelinek Maathai, WangariWangari Maathai Kydland, Finn E.Finn E. Kydland;
Prescott, Edward C.Edward C. Prescott
2005 Glauber, Roy J.Roy J. Glauber;
Hall, John L.John L. Hall;
Hänsch, Theodor W.Theodor W. Hänsch Chauvin, YvesYves Chauvin;
Grubbs, Robert H.Robert H. Grubbs;
Schrock, Richard R.Richard R. Schrock Marshall, BarryBarry Marshall;
Warren, RobinRobin Warren Pinter, HaroldHarold Pinter International Atomic Energy Agency;
ElBaradei, MohamedMohamed ElBaradei Aumann, RobertRobert Aumann;
Schelling, ThomasThomas Schelling
2006 Mather, John C.John C. Mather;
Smoot, GeorgeGeorge Smoot Kornberg, Roger D.Roger D. Kornberg Fire, AndrewAndrew Fire;
Mello, CraigCraig Mello Pamuk, OrhanOrhan Pamuk Yunus, MuhammadMuhammad Yunus;
Grameen Bank Phelps, EdmundEdmund Phelps
2007 Fert, AlbertAlbert Fert;
Grünberg, PeterPeter Grünberg Ertl, GerhardGerhard Ertl Capecchi, MarioMario Capecchi;
Evans, MartinMartin Evans;
Smithies, OliverOliver Smithies Lessing, DorisDoris Lessing Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change;
Gore, AlAl Gore Hurwicz, LeonidLeonid Hurwicz;
Maskin, EricEric Maskin;
Myerson, RogerRoger Myerson
2008 Nambu, YoichiroYoichiro Nambu;
Kobayashi, MakotoMakoto Kobayashi;
Maskawa, ToshihideToshihide Maskawa Shimomura, OsamuOsamu Shimomura;
Chalfie, MartinMartin Chalfie;
Tsien, Roger Y.Roger Y. Tsien zur Hausen, HaraldHarald zur Hausen;
Barré-Sinoussi, FrançoiseFrançoise Barré-Sinoussi;
Montagnier, LucLuc Montagnier Le Clézio, J. M. G.J. M. G. Le Clézio Ahtisaari, MarttiMartti Ahtisaari Krugman, PaulPaul Krugman
2009 Kao, Charles K.Charles K. Kao;
Boyle, Willard S.Willard S. Boyle;
Smith, George E.George E. Smith Ramakrishnan, VenkatramanVenkatraman Ramakrishnan;
Steitz, Thomas A.Thomas A. Steitz;
Yonath, AdaAda Yonath Blackburn, ElizabethElizabeth Blackburn;
Greider, Carol W.Carol W. Greider;
Szostak, Jack W.Jack W. Szostak Müller, HertaHerta Müller Obama, BarackBarack Obama Ostrom, ElinorElinor Ostrom;
Williamson, Oliver E.Oliver E. Williamson
2010 Geim, AndreAndre Geim;
Novoselov, KonstantinKonstantin Novoselov
Heck, Richard F.Richard F. Heck;
Negishi, Ei-ichiEi-ichi Negishi;
Suzuki, AkiraAkira Suzuki
Edwards, Robert G.Robert G. Edwards Vargas Llosa, MarioMario Vargas Llosa Xiaobo, LiuLiu Xiaobo[F] Diamond, Peter A.Peter A. Diamond;
Mortensen, Dale T.Dale T. Mortensen;
Pissarides, Christopher A.Christopher A. Pissarides
2011 Perlmutter, SaulSaul Perlmutter;
Riess, Adam G.Adam G. Riess;
Schmidt, BrianBrian Schmidt Shechtman, DanDan Shechtman Beutler, BruceBruce Beutler;
Hoffmann, Jules A.Jules A. Hoffmann;
Steinman, Ralph M.Ralph M. Steinman Tranströmer, TomasTomas Tranströmer Sirleaf, Ellen JohnsonEllen Johnson Sirleaf;
Gbowee, LeymahLeymah Gbowee;
Karman, TawakelTawakel Karman Sargent, Thomas J.Thomas J. Sargent;
Sims, Christopher A.Christopher A. Sims
2012 Haroche, SergeSerge Haroche;
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Lefkowitz, Robert J.Robert J. Lefkowitz Gurdon, John B.John B. Gurdon;
Yamanaka, Shinya Shinya Yamanaka Yan, MoMo Yan Union, EuropeanEuropean Union Roth, Alvin E.Alvin E. Roth;
Shapley, Lloyd S.Lloyd S. Shapley
2013 Englert, FrançoisFrançois Englert;
Higgs, Peter W.Peter W. Higgs Karplus, MartinMartin Karplus;
Levitt, MichaelMichael Levitt;
Warshel, AriehArieh Warshel Rothman, James E.James E. Rothman;
Schekman, Randy W.Randy W. Schekman;
Südhof, Thomas C.Thomas C. Südhof Munro, AliceAlice Munro for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons, OrganisationOrganisation for the Prohibition of Chemical Weapons Fama, Eugene F.Eugene F. Fama;
Hansen, Lars PeterLars Peter Hansen;
Shiller, Robert J.Robert J. Shiller
2014 Akasaki, IsamuIsamu Akasaki;
Amano, HiroshiHiroshi Amano;
Nakamura, ShujiShuji Nakamura Betzig, EricEric Betzig;
Hell, StefanStefan Hell;
Moerner, WilliamWilliam Moerner O'Keefe, JohnJohn O'Keefe;
Moser, May-BrittMay-Britt Moser;
Moser, EdvardEdvard Moser Modiano, PatrickPatrick Modiano Satyarthi, KailashKailash Satyarthi;
Yousafzai, MalalaMalala Yousafzai Tirole, JeanJean Tirole
2015 Kajita, TakaakiTakaaki Kajita;
McDonald, Arthur B.Arthur B. McDonald Lindahl, TomasTomas Lindahl;
Modrich, Paul L.Paul L. Modrich;
Sancar, AzizAziz Sancar Campbell, William C.William C. Campbell;
Ōmura, SatoshiSatoshi Ōmura;
Youyou, TuTu Youyou Alexievich, SvetlanaSvetlana Alexievich National Dialogue Quartet, TunisianTunisian National Dialogue Quartet Deaton, AngusAngus Deaton
2016[11] J. Thouless, DavidDavid J. Thouless;
Haldane, DuncanDuncan Haldane;
Kosterlitz, John M.John M. Kosterlitz Sauvage, Jean-PierreJean-Pierre Sauvage;
Stoddart, FraserFraser Stoddart;
Feringa, BenBen Feringa Ohsumi, YoshinoriYoshinori Ohsumi Dylan, BobBob Dylan Santos, Juan ManuelJuan Manuel Santos Hart, OliverOliver Hart;
Holmström, Bengt R.Bengt R. Holmström
2017 Weiss, RainerRainer Weiss;
Barish, BarryBarry Barish;
Thorne, KipKip Thorne Dubochet, JacquesJacques Dubochet;
Frank, JoachimJoachim Frank;
Henderson, RichardRichard Henderson Hall, Jeffrey C.Jeffrey C. Hall;
Rosbash, MichaelMichael Rosbash;
Young, Michael W.Michael W. Young Ishiguro, KazuoKazuo Ishiguro Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons, InternationalInternational Campaign to Abolish Nuclear Weapons Thaler, RichardRichard Thaler
Year
Physics
Chemistry
Physiology
or Medicine
Literature
Peace
Economics
Notes
A In 1938 and 1939, the government of Germany did not allow three German Nobel nominees to accept their Nobel Prizes. The three were Richard Kuhn, Nobel laureate in Chemistry in 1938; Adolf Butenandt, Nobel laureate in Chemistry in 1939; and Gerhard Domagk, Nobel laureate in Physiology or Medicine in 1939. They were later awarded the Nobel Prize diploma and medal, but not the money.[9]
B In 1948, the Nobel Prize in Peace was not awarded. The Nobel Foundation's website suggests that it would have been awarded to Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi, however, due to his assassination earlier that year, it was left unassigned in his honor.[12]
C In 1958, Russian-born Boris Pasternak, under pressure from the government of the Soviet Union, was forced to decline the Nobel Prize in Literature.[9]
D In 1964, Jean-Paul Sartre refused to accept the Nobel Prize in Literature, as he had consistently refused all official honors in the past.[9]
E In 1973, Lê Ðức Thọ declined the Nobel Peace Prize. His reason was that he felt he did not deserve it because although he helped negotiate the Paris Peace Accords (a cease-fire in the Vietnam War), there had been no actual peace agreement.[7][9]
F In 2010, Liu Xiaobo was unable to receive the Nobel Peace Prize as he was sentenced to 11 years of imprisonment by the Chinese authorities.[13]
See also
List of Nobel laureates by country
List of Nobel laureates by university affiliation
Nobel Prize laureates by secondary school affiliation
References
General
"All Nobel Laureates in Physics". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
"All Nobel Laureates in Chemistry". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
"All Nobel Laureates in Medicine". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
"All Nobel Laureates in Literature". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
"All Nobel Peace Prize Laureates". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
"All Laureates in Economics". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-25.
Specific
Jump up ^ "Alfred Nobel – The Man Behind the Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Nobel Prize". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
Jump up ^ "The Nobel Prize Awarders". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-10-15. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
Jump up ^ "The Nobel Prize Amounts". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-07-31. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
Jump up ^ "The Nobel Prize Award Ceremonies". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-08-22. Retrieved 2008-11-27.
Jump up ^ "List of All Nobel Laureates 1942". Nobel Foundation. Archived from the original on 2008-12-08. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
^ Jump up to: a b Lundestad, Geir (2001-03-15). "The Nobel Peace Prize 1901-2000". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2008-11-30.
Jump up ^ "All Nobel Prizes". www.nobelprize.org. Retrieved 14 March 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Nobel Prize Facts". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2015-10-11.
Jump up ^ "Women Nobel Laureates". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved 2011-10-11.
Jump up ^ "2016 Nobel Prizes - Prize Announcement Dates". Nobelprize.org. Nobel Media AB 2014. Retrieved 3 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Tønnesson, Øyvind (December 1, 1999). "Mahatma Gandhi, the Missing Laureates". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved January 3, 2010. Later, there have been speculations that the committee members could have had another deceased peace worker than Gandhi in mind when they declared that there was "no suitable living candidate", namely the Swedish UN envoy to Palestine, Count Bernadotte, who was murdered in September 1948. Today, this can be ruled out; Bernadotte had not been nominated in 1948. Thus it seems reasonable to assume that Gandhi would have been invited to Oslo to receive the Nobel Peace Prize had he been alive one more year.
Jump up ^ "The Nobel Peace Prize 2010 - Presentation Speech". Nobel Foundation. Retrieved October 10, 2011.
External links
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Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition
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Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition
Designer(s)
Stephen Baker
Publisher(s)
Hasbro
Players
2–4
Setup time
5–15 minutes
Playing time
2-4 hours
Random chance
Medium (dice rolling, card drawing, luck)
Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition is a board game based upon the game Risk and in J. R. R. Tolkien's fictional land of Middle-earth rather than the actual Earth. The board is divided into nine regions of Middle-earth taken from The Lord of the Rings.
Contents
1 Equipment
2 Official rules
3 Criticism
4 See also
5 External links
Equipment[edit]
The box contains: a rules manual; a map on a cardboard board, depicting the northwest area of Middle-earth at the end of the Third Age; playing pieces—two light-colored sets containing Elven Archers, Riders of Rohan, Eagles and elven-style leader shields for good armies, and two dark-colored sets containing Orcs, Dark Riders, Cavetrolls and orkish leader shields for evil armies; and, finally, a pewter replica of the only One Ring.
Official rules[edit]
Gameplay is similar to the original Risk, but there are additional cards (earned by entering "Sites of Power" with a leader piece) that give missions for leader pieces to accomplish, provide special bonuses, or cause "special events" to occur. These are called "Adventure cards" and like the "Territory cards" in standard Risk, they cannot be traded.
Strongholds (marked with Gold icons on the board), provide a defensive bonus and a reinforcement increase to their owners. At the start of each turn, place one extra army unit in each of your strongholds in addition to your regular reinforcements. When defending from a stronghold, the defender adds +1 to their highest die roll.
Leaders (3 shield-shaped pieces per team) are incredibly essential to the success of any team. The leaders add a defensive and offensive combat bonus; add +1 to your highest die roll when attacking or defending with a territory that contains a leader. Only one leader per territory allowed. The adventure cards can only be earned with a leader. Any player who loses all their leaders are allowed to place a new leader on any of their territories at the end of their next turn. Leader hunting is a very basic but very effective strategy for crippling an opponent in the very first round (it is always advisable to start both leaders in a stronghold). When defending with a leader in a stronghold, add a total of +2 to your highest die rolled; in this case, if your opponent is attacking without a leader, it might be in your best interest to roll only one defense die (you won't be able to kill more than one enemy unit per roll, but you will have a strong advantage in the percentage of victories (rolling anything 4 or higher cannot be beat by an attacker without a leader).
Ports (5 different territories on the Western edge of the map) can quickly take you from North to South or vice versa. Most port are connected to only the nearest other ports. Forodwaith is only connected to 1 other Port whereas Minhiriath is connected to 3 other Ports. This is like going from Brazil to North Africa or Alaska to Kamchatka, and works exactly like moving (attacking or fortifying through) any other 2 territories. Other than being located in strategically important areas, there is nothing else unique about Ports (except when certain adventure cards affect Ports).
One key difference is that the game itself is randomly time-limited by the Ring moving along the Fellowship's path at the end of each player's turn, its rate determined by dice rolls. The game ends when the Ring reaches the end of its path (the Mount Doom territory) and rolls higher than a 3 to move directly into the Cracks of Doom. The addition of a defined end point to the game is helpful in preventing a long and drawn out game of back-and-forth nonsense; the down-side of the defined end point is that the player who gets the last turn through random chance will likely be the winner by points only.
In a 2 or 3 player game, the winner is almost always determined by points being awarded to each player once the Ring reaches Mount Doom. At the end of the last turn, players count up all their points based on the territories (1 point each), strongholds (2 extra points each) and regions they control (2-7 points based on the Region Bonus), as well as what cards they have played during game. The player with the most points is the winner. Of course if any army is entirely defeated before the Ring reaches Mount Doom, that player has clearly lost!
In a 4 player game, you can follow the rules from the 2 or 3 player game or you can choose two additional options: Alliance Risk or Team Risk.
In "Alliance Risk", the two good armies play as a team and the two evil armies play as a team but they do not win as a team. The winner is the ONE player with the highest score on the team with the highest score. What makes the gameplay odd for this version is when one team is becoming hugely dominant, the weaker player (on the dominant team) must actually make alliances with the opposite team in order to have a chance to be the one player declared the winner.
In "Team Risk", the teams work together and either win or lose as a team. This is the version that can end in the very first turn and it receives much criticism for that fact (setup can take up to an hour with first-time players and then the game could end in 5 minutes). Fans of the Lord of the Rings franchise who are less interested in the mechanics of Standard Risk will likely enjoy this version the most because it more closely resembles the strategies of the forces of Middle Earth. In this version, the Fellowship path is the most important factor and must be cherished by both good and evil as their main priorities. At the end of each turn, if the Ring is in a territory controlled by evil, they have a chance to find the ring and win the game; roll two dice, add 1 if there's a leader in the same territory, add 1 if evil controls the entire region, if there's a leader and evil owns the entire region add 2 (the rules are ambiguous about whether this is intended to allow a max bonus of 2 or 4), if the total including bonuses equals or exceeds 12, the One Ring is found and evil wins. As the Ring progresses closer to Mount Doom, the regions where the Ring has been are no longer as important and the regions where it will be (especially Mordor) will become the most important areas of the game. Points do not matter in this version, only total destruction of the enemy or the fate of the One Ring will determine the winner of "Team Risk".
Regardless of how many people are playing, you may choose to not use the Lord of the Rings rules and simply play a standard global domination game. For first-time players of any Risk game, it would be advisable to start with just the Standard Global domination style game rather than jumping right into the full rules of Lord of the Rings Risk. Once you understand the basic mechanics of any standard Risk game, you can more easily learn the rest of the particulars of any other special interest Risk games like the Lord of the Rings Trilogy edition or the Star Wars editions, 2210 AD, Transformers Risk, etc.
Criticism[edit]
Many fans were upset about the initial release of Risk: The Lord of the Rings because it did not include the regions (continents) of Gondor and Mordor. This was odd because unlike normal Risk, in this game certain players use "Forces of Evil" armies and others use "Forces of Good" armies: Gondor is the head "good" country and Mordor is the head "evil" country. It was thought that the "Trilogy Edition", to be released a year after the first, would be something of an add-on pack, including only Gondor and Mordor and intended to be lined up with existing Risk sets. However, the "Trilogy Edition" was actually a large super-map, containing all the original regions as well as Gondor and Mordor. As a result, fans that bought the original edition were left with "incomplete" Risk maps and would have to buy an entirely new game if they wanted the "full" version, although Hasbro did offer them an add on for a fee.[citation needed]
An Expansion Set for the game was released, but only in Europe. This set adds a board with the remaining areas of the map to include Gondor, Mordor and Haradwaith along with additional units and cards for all 4 players (yellow, green, black and red). Also included is a bonus 2-player game centered on the siege of Minas Tirith with the play area for that on the reverse side of the board. It was also released in 2003.
See also[edit]
Middle-earth portal
External links[edit]
Lord of the Rings Risk rules and strategy site
show
v
t
e
J. R. R. Tolkien's The Lord of the Rings
The Fellowship of the Ring
The Two Towers
The Return of the King
Production and reception
Composition
Themes
Influences
Translations
Russian
Swedish
Reception
Fandom
Study
Related works
The Hobbit
The Adventures of Tom Bombadil
The Road Goes Ever On
Bilbo's Last Song
The Silmarillion
Unfinished Tales
The Letters of J.R.R. Tolkien
The History of Middle-earth
The Children of Húrin
The History of The Hobbit
Beren and Lúthien
The Fall of Gondolin
Characters
Aragorn
Arwen
Bilbo
Boromir
Butterbur
Celeborn
Denethor
Elladan and Elrohir
Elrond
Éomer
Éowyn
Faramir
Frodo
Galadriel
Gandalf
Gildor
Gimli
Glorfindel
Gollum
Legolas
Merry
Mouth of Sauron
Old Man Willow
Pippin
Radagast
Sam
Saruman
Sauron
Shelob
Théoden
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Treebeard
Witch-king
Wormtongue
show
Adaptations and other derivative works
Books
Bored of the Rings (1969)
The Last Ringbearer (1999)
Muddle Earth (2003)
Theatre
Fellowship! (2005)
Lord of the Rings (2006)
Radio
The Lord of the Rings (1955)
The Lord of the Rings (1979)
Hordes of the Things (1980)
The Lord of the Rings (1981)
Der Herr der Ringe (1992)
Film
Animated
The Lord of the Rings (1978)
The Return of the King (1980)
Peter Jackson series
The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring (2001)
The Lord of the Rings: The Two Towers (2002)
The Lord of the Rings: The Return of the King (2003)
Fan-made
The Hunt for Gollum (2009)
Born of Hope (2009)
Video games
Journey to Rivendell
Game One
Game Two: Shadows of Mordor
War in Middle Earth
Vol. I (1990)
Vol. I (SNES)
Riders of Rohan
Elendor
Volume II
The Fellowship of the Ring
The Two Towers
The Return of the King
War of the Ring
The Third Age
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Tactics
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The Lord of the Rings Online
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Conquest
Aragorn's Quest
War in the North
Lego The Lord of the Rings
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Middle-earth: Shadow of Mordor
Middle-earth: Shadow of War
Tabletop role-playing games
The Lord of the Rings Roleplaying Game
Middle-earth Role Playing
The One Ring Roleplaying Game
Board games
Middle Earth
Lord of the Rings
Risk: The Lord of the Rings Trilogy Edition
War of the Ring
Other games
The Lord of the Rings Strategy Battle Game
The Lord of the Rings: The Card Game
The Lord of the Rings Trading Card Game
Middle-earth Collectible Card Game
Toys
Middle-earth Lego sets
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Shameless (season 7)
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Shameless (season 7)
DVD cover
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
12
Release
Original network
Showtime
Original release
October 2 (2016-10-02) – December 18, 2016 (2016-12-18)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 6
Next →
Season 8
List of Shameless (U.S. TV series) episodes
The seventh season of Shameless, based on the award-winning British series of the same name by Paul Abbott, is an American comedy-drama television series with executive producers John Wells, Christopher Chulack, Krista Vernoff, Etan Frankel, Nancy M. Pimental and Sheila Callaghan.[1] The season premiered on October 2, 2016, the first time the series has debuted in autumn.[2] Showtime premiered a free preview of the season premiere online on September 23, 2016, ahead of the October 2 broadcast.
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview
2 Cast
2.1 Main
2.2 Special guest stars
2.3 Recurring
3 Episodes
4 Production
5 References
6 External links
Overview[edit]
In this season, Frank starts a successful homeless shelter, but later gets kicked out despite owning the property. He later finds out that Monica has terminal brain damage. The two try to make the best of Monica's last days. Fiona struggles with owning two separate properties, and is happy being single. She begins to use Tinder to find one night stands to "save energy" on other things. Carl is uncircumcised and tries to keep his girlfriend whose father greatly disapproves of him. He later forms a bond with her father and leaves for military school. Lip dates Sierra, who works at Patsy's Pies, and struggles to stay sober. Ian refuses to take his medication and meets a new boyfriend named Trevor. He later finds out Mickey is out of prison. Debbie struggles to raise and keep Franny as she gets kidnapped by Derek's family. Kev and Veronica continue their "thrupple" with Svetlana until they find out Svetlana lied and betrayed them.
Cast[edit]
See also: List of Shameless (U.S. TV series) characters
Main[edit]
William H. Macy as Frank Gallagher[1]
Emmy Rossum as Fiona Gallagher[1]
Jeremy Allen White as Philip "Lip" Gallagher[1]
Ethan Cutkosky as Carl Gallagher[1]
Shanola Hampton as Veronica Fisher[1]
Steve Howey as Kevin "Kev" Ball[1]
Emma Kenney as Debbie Gallagher[1]
Cameron Monaghan as Ian Gallagher[1]
Isidora Goreshter as Svetlana Milkovich[1]
Special guest stars[edit]
Noel Fisher as Mickey Milkovich[3]
Chloe Webb as Monica Gallagher
Sasha Alexander as Helene Runyon
June Squibb as Etta[4]
Recurring[edit]
Alan Rosenberg as Professor Youens
Jeff Pierre as Caleb
Jaylen Barron as Dominique Winslow
Rebecca Metz as Melinda
Jim Hoffmaster as Kermit
Michael Patrick McGill as Tommy
Tate Ellington as Chad
Abena Ansah as Jolayemi
John Hennigan as Cody
Peter Macon as Sergeant Winslow
Pasha Lychnikoff as Yvon[5]
Sharon Lawrence as Margo[6]
Alicia Coppola as Sue[5]
Arden Myrin as New Monica/Delores[5]
Ruby Modine as Sierra[5]
Zack Pearlman as Neil
Elliot Fletcher as Trevor
José Julián as Joaquin
Chet Hanks as Charlie
Barry Sloane as Ryan
Scott Michael Campbell as Brad
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Shameless (U.S. TV series) episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
73
1 "Hiraeth" Christopher Chulack John Wells September 23, 2016 (2016-09-23) (online)
October 2, 2016 (2016-10-02) (Showtime) 1.24[7]
Frank awakens from his coma one month after being found in Lake Michigan. Fiona continues her job at Patsy's Pies as the manager, however she starts to find difficulty in her job after Sean's abrupt departure. Kev, V, and Svetlana continue their polygamous relationship as all three help each other out with their own necessities and even run the Alibi together. Lip is released from A.A treatment. Debbie continues to have difficulty as a single mother, she then resorts to stealing other people's belongings and also hires a night nanny to watch Franny. Ian starts to have his doubts about his relationship with Caleb. Carl gets circumcised. At the end, Ian, with Lip's help, follows and discovers Caleb making out with a woman outside the local train station.
74
2 "Swipe, Fuck, Leave" Rob Hardy Nancy M. Pimental October 9, 2016 (2016-10-09) 1.11[8]
Fiona informs Chad, the owner of Patsy's, of her desire to resign from her job and return to waiting tables. However, she is informed about the restaurant's financial state and he recommends that she hire her own staff; she fires the current waitresses and hires three young women including one who introduces her to dating via social media. Frank hires demolition workers to help construct walls around the Gallagher house leaving the rest of the family scattered by sleeping in the living room. Kev becomes quite comfortable with his polygamous relationship. However, when left with the task of cleaning the house and shenanigans with the kids, he ends up being scolded by V and Svetlana; the failed job of a 'maid' inspires Kev with the idea of a real topless maid service to the women. Ian avoids Caleb and questions his actions and sexuality including his own. Lip starts a new job as an intern while continuing to deal with his alcohol problems. Debbie fully starts a toddler merchandise scam. Carl continues to struggle with erectile dysfunction. At the end, the Gallaghers demolish the walls in their house.
75
3 "Home Sweet Homeless Shelter" Iain B. MacDonald Krista Vernoff October 16, 2016 (2016-10-16) 1.44[9]
Kev, V, and Svetlana commence their topless maid service and deal with the sudden arrival of Svetlana's estranged intimidating father. A day of chaos leads to Fiona giving the rest of the Gallagher family ultimatums to even finding some inspiration by a corporate employee; she later tells that family that they will be taking care of themselves when at home, including personal necessities. Frank officially fulfills his quest by 'disowning' his family and forms a new 'family' consisting of homeless people. Ian's break-up with Caleb puts him in a manic state. Lip finds himself on a rocky start to his new job. Carl is confronted by Dominque's father, Sergeant Winslow, who claims that he gave her gonorrhea; he gets himself tested then proves to him by finding Dominique at a fraternity house making out with an older man. Debbie has a brush with the law in a store after now shoplifting clothing and finds herself in debt to her night nanny Jolayemi.
76
4 "I Am a Storm" Emmy Rossum Sheila Callaghan October 23, 2016 (2016-10-23) 1.38[10]
Frank worries that he and his new family will lose their Home for the Homeless shelter, so he plans a little goodwill for the neighborhood. Fiona drums up business by throwing a speakeasy party at Patsy's Pies including now keeping the restaurant open 24 hours. Lip learns the truth of his new job to even getting a promotion. Ian meets a new love interest named Trevor who he then finds out is transgender, but the result of an argument leads to Ian being more educated of his own sexuality. Kev, V, and Svetlana fight over whether if it is safe to leave their children with Svetlana's father, Yvon. Carl spends time with Dominque's father who also gives him advice to enter military school if he wanted to pursue a career in law enforcement. When having a difficult time finding a job to even missing a job interview at the local donut shop, Debbie, in a last resort, attempts to get a job at the Alibi, but gets "advice" from Svetlana to find a new love interest and "advertise" herself.
77
5 "Own Your Shit" Christopher Chulack Dominique Morisseau October 30, 2016 (2016-10-30) 1.20[11]
Through her new-found "independence" and lack of appreciation from higher management of Patsy's, Fiona contemplates buying a laundromat near Patsy's. Ian confronts Fiona over her new "independence" and deals with his feelings towards Trevor. Frank succeeds in managing in getting his homeless shelter the attention he has been looking for. Debbie's last resort to earning money gets herself the attention of the Department of Child Services. The business "model" of Lip's new job inspires him to create his own profit. Kev, V, and Svetlana contemplate on adopting each of their children. A rejection from military school encourages Carl to research his heritage only to find out he is Native American and reapplies to the school.
78
6 "The Defenestration of Frank" David Nutter Etan Frankel November 6, 2016 (2016-11-06) 1.44[12]
Fiona decides to fully invest in the local laundromat. Lip gambles with his wire-fraud scheme and deals with Sierra's feelings towards him. Meanwhile, Frank revels in the good fortune of his latest scam but his new "family" finds out and rebels against him; Ian grapples with mixed feelings about Trevor; Debbie panics about her recent actions that may affect Frannie and deals with a bombshell; Carl has second thoughts about military school; and Kev and V discover that Svetlana's father, Yvon is actually her husband.
79
7 "You'll Never Ever Get a Chicken in Your Whole Entire Life" John Wells Nancy M. Pimental November 13, 2016 (2016-11-13) 1.33[13]
While expecting the DCFS, Debbie creates a list of things to do for the day including quitting high school but takes her GED examination; later in the night, she and Neil engage in a rendezvous. Lip has an eventful night with Sierra including helping her find her child Lucas after a negligent action from the father; he also receives news from Professor Youens who tells him that the local university granted his request to appeal his case over with what happened with Helene. Fiona has second thoughts over the investment in the local laundromat but is determined to not fail. Liam has difficulty in starting first grade after the local public school closes due to enrollment; he goes to Frank for help who helps him get into a new private school after impressing the school in a meeting. Frank attempts to set fire his new homeless shelter. Kev and V are shocked to see Svetlana in blood splattered clothes after showing up in the Alibi randomly and proclaims that Yvon is officially gone from their lives; Kev and V are left disturbed by her statement. Ian and Trevor finally decide to take their relationship to a new level.
80
8 "You Sold Me the Laundromat, Remember?" Allison Liddi-Brown Krista Vernoff November 20, 2016 (2016-11-20) 1.40[14]
Fiona comes up with a new approach to fixing the local laundromat. Kev becomes distraught over him and V on whether to continue placing trust in Svetlana over recent events; Svetlana is revealed to have created a new set of questionable actions including having her 'aunt' rent the apartment upstairs of the Alibi. Things do not well for Lip when the local university rejects his plea over his case and ends up engaging into a altercation with the father of Sierra's child. Debbie becomes desperate in getting into good graces with Derek's family whom she believes were the individuals who called DCFS, but out of nowhere they end up taking Frannie. Frank decides to make himself useful to the rest of the Gallagher family when he decides to do chores and fix things in the house. Ian officially gets together with Trevor, saves a life at work, and does good deeds for the rest of the Gallagher family.
81
9 "Ouroboros" Christopher Chulack Sheila Callaghan November 27, 2016 (2016-11-27) 1.56[15]
Monica returns and proclaims she has changed leaving the rest of the Gallagher family skeptical again; she reveals later on to Frank outside Neil's apartment that she has brain damage and is dying. Fiona has a negative encounter with a reviewer at Wendell's. Debbie gets Frannie back. Lip's alcohol addiction returns and sets him off into a new downward spiral. Frank continues his adventures with Etta. Kev, V, and Svetlana go to couples' therapy; he and V learn later on that Svetlana has changed the Albi's business format and somehow now owns a part of the bar. Ian and Trevor engage into another argument over Trevor's ID after attempting to enter a bar; Trevor meets Monica which her body language does not set with him well. Arriving at the Gallagher house, Ian is greeted by a detective who informs him that Mickey has escaped from prison.
82
10 "Ride or Die" Zetna Fuentes Dominique Morisseau December 4, 2016 (2016-12-04) 1.60[16]
Ian is left shaken after learning that Mickey has escaped from jail and has conflict over his feelings towards Trevor in their relationship; his suspicion comes true when later on he is kidnapped by a group of men who take him to a football field as Mickey finally appears who is sporting a new look and asks Ian to escape with him to Mexico. Fiona is offered money from Margo to buy the local laundromat from her. As V officially is left heartbroken and betrayed by Svetlana, Kev attempts again to fix the threes' relationship, as he eventually finds out that the adoption papers were papers to sign over the Alibi to her; Kev is persuaded by Fiona to consult a lawyer on getting the bar back. Lip continues his downward spiral including finding himself breaking into Helene's house. Frank and Monica are staying with Debbie and Neil, as they attempt to scheme plans on how to make money including robbing a bus full of senior citizens going to a casino. Ian decides to go with Mickey to Mexico.
83
11 "Happily Ever After" John M. Valerio Etan Frankel December 11, 2016 (2016-12-11) 1.58[17]
Ian and Mickey are seen on the road to Mexico, however Ian changes his mind and proclaims he is a changed man when at a border point and says goodbye to him including leaving him a substantial amount of money from his savings account; Mickey is seen to be entering Mexico. Frank and Monica attempt to renew their marriage vows, but ends in a potential tragedy. Fiona officially sells the laundromat which it is turned into a networking lounge, also has Etta living with the Gallagher family; Fiona finds herself into another business opportunity when meeting a real estate agent. Lip attempts to get his sobriety under control when meeting a member in A.A. Now without the Alibi and mainly a job, Kev and V attempt to find jobs, however Kev ends up getting a job at the old bar where Ian used to work. At the end, Fiona is contacted by an assisted living facility where she leaves Etta.
84
12 "Requiem for a Slut" John Wells John Wells December 18, 2016 (2016-12-18) 1.72[18]
The Gallagher family finds out at the local hospital that Monica did indeed pass away as they arrange a funeral for her and express their indifference towards her (mainly Fiona and the exception of Frank) also meeting a grandfather they never knew; Monica is also revealed to have left a group of belongings including a unique inheritance of 70,000 dollars in the form of methamphetamine. The family resume their lives including those who venture on into new scenarios and enter new beginnings: Fiona becomes the owner of an apartment building, Debbie attends welding classes including pursuing a new love interest, Ian confesses to Trevor over his encounter with Mickey as both question their relationship future, Lip continues to attend A.A meetings and ponders his future, Carl returns for Monica's funeral from military school as a changed young man, and Kev continues his job at the old bar where Ian used to work.
Production[edit]
Recurring actress Isidora Goreshter has been promoted to series regular with the commencement of the season.[19] Star Emmy Rossum made her directorial debut with the fourth episode, "I Am A Storm".[20][21]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j "Showtime(R) Announces Fall Premiere Dates for "Shameless," "Masters of Sex" and "The Affair"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Shows A-Z - shameless on showtime". The Futon Critic. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gelman, Vlada (October 20, 2016). "Shameless: Noel Fisher to Return as Ian's Ex Mickey in Season 7". TV Line. Retrieved October 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (August 18, 2016). "'Shameless' Enlists June Squibb for Season 7". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Petski, Denise (July 29, 2016). "‘Shameless’ Adds Four To Cast & Reveals The Scoop On Season 7". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (July 13, 2016). "Shameless' Enlists Sharon Lawrence for Key Season 7 Role (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 4, 2016). "‘Westworld’ opens pretty well for HBO, ‘Fear the Walking Dead’ tops Sunday cable ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 11, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: Debate pushes ‘Westworld’ and ‘Shameless’ down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 18, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘Westworld’ improves, Dodgers-Cubs leads". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 25, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘The Walking Dead’ premiere kills it with second-highest ratings ever". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 1, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘The Walking Dead’ takes a bigger-than-usual hit in episode 2". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 8, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘Walking Dead’ down but stays on top, ‘Real Housewives of Atlanta’ returns lower". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 15, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘Westworld’ ticks up as ‘Walking Dead’ slips a little more". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 22, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘The Librarians’ returns slightly lower, ‘Walking Dead’ dips a bit more". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 30, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘The Walking Dead’ hits a 4-year low". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 6, 2016). "Sunday cable ratings: ‘Westworld’ ends with season highs, ‘Walking Dead’ stops 5-week slide". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 13, 2016). "Top 150 Sunday cable originals network finals 12 11 2016". Showbuzzdaily. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 20, 2016). "Showbuzzdaily's Top 150 Sunday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.18.2016". Showbuzzdaily. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (June 1, 2016). "‘The Americans’ Ups Brandon J. Dirden To Regular; ‘Shameless’ Promotes Isidora Goreshter". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (July 6, 2016). "'Shameless' Star Emmy Rossum to Make Directorial Debut With Showtime Series (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "#News #Shameless 7x04 is titled "I am a storm", written by @sheilacalla and directed by @emmyrossum.". Twitter. July 13, 2016.
External links[edit]
Official website
List of Shameless episodes on IMDb
[hide]
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U.S. adaptation
Episodes
1
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4
5
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Characters
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