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United States presidential election in Florida, 2000
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Main article: United States presidential election, 2000
United States presidential election in Florida, 2000
← 1996 November 7, 2000 2004 →
Turnout
70%
Nominee
George W. Bush Al Gore
Party
Republican Democratic
Home state
Texas Tennessee
Running mate
Dick Cheney Joe Lieberman
Electoral vote
25 0
Popular vote
2,912,790 2,912,253
Percentage
48.847% 48.838%
County Results
Bush
40-50%
50-60%
60-70%
70-80%
Gore
40-50%
50-60%
60-70%
President before election
William Jefferson Clinton
Democratic
Elected President
George Walker Bush
Republican
The 2000 United States presidential election in Florida took place on November 7, 2000, as part of the nationwide presidential election. Florida, a swing state, had a major recount dispute that took center stage in the election. The outcome of the 2000 United States presidential election was not known for more than a month after balloting because of the extended process of counting and recounting Florida's presidential ballots. State results tallied on election night gave 246 electoral votes to Republican nominee Texas Governor George W. Bush and 255 to Democratic nominee Vice President Al Gore, with New Mexico (5), Oregon (7), and Florida (25) too close to call that evening. Gore won New Mexico and Oregon over the following few days, but the result in Florida would have been decisive however those two states had voted.
After an intense recount process and the United States Supreme Court's decision in Bush v. Gore, Bush won Florida’s electoral votes by a margin of only 537 votes out of almost six million cast and as a result became the president-elect. The process was extremely divisive, and led to calls for electoral reform in Florida.
Contents
1 Background
2 Campaign
3 Recount
4 Final certified results
4.1 Results by county
4.2 By congressional district
5 Electors
6 Film
7 References
8 Bibliography
9 External links
10 Notes
Background[edit]
See also Florida voter file contract
Election fairness was a major problem known to Floridians in the 1990s; for example, the 1997 Miami mayoral election was tainted by scandal[1]. According to The Palm Beach Post, "State lawmakers decided to weed out felons and other ineligible voters in 1998 after a Miami mayoral election was overturned because votes had been cast by the convicted and the dead."[2]
This initiative occurred without sufficient protection of voting rights. In particular, from summer 1999 to spring 2000, Florida's voter list was subject to an unusually high number of problems. "The state’s highest officials responsible for ensuring efficiency, uniformity, and fairness in the election failed to fulfill their responsibilities."[3] The U.S. Commission on Civil Rights found that an "overall lack of leadership in protecting voting rights was largely responsible for the broad array of problems in Florida during the 2000 election."[3]
The 2001 book Stupid White Men and other books described efforts made to deny black citizens in Florida the right to vote. As a result of the state's contract with Database Technologies, "173,000 registered voters in Florida were permanently wiped off the voter rolls."[4] Even an elections supervisor, Madison County's, was barred from voting; she and others "tried to get the state to rectify the problem, but their pleas fell on deaf ears."[4]
Campaign[edit]
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Government
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Initially Florida had been considered fertile territory for Republicans. It was governed by Jeb Bush, a staunch conservative and George W. Bush's brother. Nonetheless Republicans put significant advertising resources into the state, and later polls indicated that the state was very much in play as late as September 2000.[5] Some late momentum for Gore and his Jewish running mate Joe Lieberman may have come from southern Florida's significant Jewish population.[6] Voters from reliably Democratic states in the Northeast had also been migrating to Florida since the 1950s. The state's electorate was becoming more diverse in general, with growing Asian and Hispanic immigrant populations.
Meanwhile, there was heavy backlash in the Cuban-American population against Democrats during the Elian Gonzalez dispute, during which Janet Reno, President Bill Clinton’s Attorney General, ordered the six-year-old Cuban refugee to be returned to Cuba. The Democrats’ share of the Cuban-American vote dropped dramatically after 1996.[citation needed]
In late October, one poll found that Gore was leading Bush and third parties by 44–42–4 among registered voters and 46–42–4 among likely voters, but that poll had a margin of error of four percentage points, making the race too close to call.[7]
On election day itself, the extent of the mix-ups in the electoral rolls was such that "in a number of precincts in Florida's inner cities, the polling locations were heavily fortified with police".[4]
Recount[edit]
Main article: Florida election recount
Final certified results[edit]
The final official Florida count gave the victory to Bush by 537 votes, making it by percentage not only the tightest race of the campaign (New Mexico was decided by 363 votes but has a much smaller population, with those 363 votes representing a 0.061% margin whereas the 537 votes in Florida were just 0.009%), but the closest in any United States presidential election ever.[a] Most of the reduction in the recount came from Miami-Dade county alone.
Federal official vote for the state of Florida (25 electoral votes)
Presidential candidate
and running mate
Vote total
%
Party
George Walker Bush–
Richard Bruce Cheney 2,912,790 48.847% Republican
Albert Arnold Gore Jr.–
Joseph Isadore Lieberman 2,912,253 48.838% Democratic
Ralph Nader–
Winona LaDuke 97,488 1.635% Green
Patrick J. Buchanan–
Ezola B. Foster 17,484 0.293% Reform
Harry Browne–
Art Olivier 16,415 0.275% Libertarian
John Hagelin–
Nat Goldhaber 2,281 0.038% Natural Law
Monica Moorehead–
Gloria La Riva 1,804 0.030% Workers World
Howard Phillips–
Curtis Frazier 1,371 0.023% Constitution
David McReynolds–
Mary Cal Hollis 622 0.010% Socialist
James Harris–
Margaret Trowe 562 0.009% Socialist Workers
Write-ins 36 0.000%
Total 5,963,110
Sources:[8][9]
Florida was the second of the 50 states (after Louisiana) to report its official results to the federal government (in a Certificate of Ascertainment submitted to the National Archivist, the manner prescribed for presidential elections).
As of the 2016 presidential election[update], this is the last election in which the Democratic candidate won Pasco County or Hernando County.[10] It was also the first time the Democratic candidate won Orange County since Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1944.[11]
Results by county[edit]
George Walker Bush
Republican
Albert Arnold Gore Jr.
Democratic
Ralph Nader
Green
Patrick J. Buchanan
Reform
Various candidates
Other parties
Margin
Total votes cast
County
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
%
#
Alachua 34,135 39.80% 47,380 55.25% 3,228 3.76% 263 0.31% 751 0.88% -13,245 -15.44% 85,757
Baker 5,611 68.80% 2,392 29.33% 53 0.65% 73 0.90% 26 0.32% 3,219 39.47% 8,155
Bay 38,682 65.70% 18,873 32.06% 830 1.41% 248 0.42% 243 0.41% 19,809 33.65% 58,876
Bradford 5,416 62.43% 3,075 35.45% 84 0.97% 65 0.75% 35 0.40% 2,341 26.99% 8,675
Brevard 115,253 52.75% 97,341 44.55% 4,471 2.05% 571 0.26% 852 0.39% 17,912 8.20% 218,488
Broward 177,939 30.93% 387,760 67.41% 7,105 1.24% 795 0.14% 1,640 0.29% -209,821 -36.48% 575,239
Calhoun 2,873 55.52% 2,156 41.66% 39 0.75% 90 1.74% 17 0.33% 717 13.86% 5,175
Charlotte 35,428 52.96% 29,646 44.31% 1,462 2.19% 182 0.27% 182 0.27% 5,782 8.64% 66,900
Citrus 29,801 52.06% 25,531 44.60% 1,383 2.42% 270 0.47% 263 0.46% 4,270 7.46% 57,248
Clay 41,903 72.80% 14,668 25.48% 565 0.98% 186 0.32% 237 0.41% 27,235 47.32% 57,559
Collier 60,467 65.58% 29,939 32.47% 1,405 1.52% 122 0.13% 269 0.29% 30,528 33.11% 92,202
Columbia 10,968 59.24% 7,049 38.07% 258 1.39% 89 0.48% 150 0.81% 3,919 21.17% 18,514
Desoto 4,256 54.48% 3,321 42.51% 157 2.01% 36 0.46% 42 0.54% 935 11.97% 7,812
Dixie 2,697 57.79% 1,827 39.15% 75 1.61% 29 0.62% 39 0.84% 870 18.64% 4,667
Duval 152,460 57.49% 108,039 40.74% 2,762 1.04% 653 0.25% 1,267 0.48% 44,421 16.75% 265,181
Escambia 73,171 62.62% 40,990 35.08% 1,733 1.48% 502 0.43% 460 0.39% 32,181 27.54% 116,856
Flagler 12,618 46.53% 13,897 51.25% 435 1.60% 83 0.31% 83 0.31% -1,279 -4.72% 27,116
Franklin 2,454 52.83% 2,047 44.07% 85 1.83% 33 0.71% 26 0.56% 407 8.76% 4,645
Gadsden 4,770 32.38% 9,736 66.09% 139 0.94% 38 0.26% 48 0.33% -4,966 -33.71% 14,731
Gilchrist 3,300 61.17% 1,910 35.40% 97 1.80% 29 0.54% 59 1.09% 1,390 25.76% 5,395
Glades 1,841 54.71% 1,442 42.85% 56 1.66% 9 0.27% 17 0.51% 399 11.86% 3,365
Gulf 3,553 57.79% 2,398 39.00% 86 1.40% 71 1.15% 40 0.65% 1,155 18.79% 6,148
Hamilton 2,147 54.14% 1,723 43.44% 37 0.93% 23 0.58% 36 0.91% 424 10.69% 3,966
Hardee 3,765 60.38% 2,342 37.56% 75 1.20% 30 0.48% 24 0.38% 1,423 22.82% 6,236
Hendry 4,747 58.32% 3,240 39.81% 104 1.28% 22 0.27% 26 0.32% 1,507 18.52% 8,139
Hernando 30,658 47.00% 32,648 50.05% 1,501 2.30% 243 0.37% 186 0.29% -1,990 -3.05% 65,236
Highlands 20,207 57.48% 14,169 40.31% 545 1.55% 127 0.36% 104 0.30% 6,038 17.18% 35,152
Hillsborough 180,794 50.17% 169,576 47.06% 7,496 2.08% 847 0.24% 1,641 0.46% 11,218 3.11% 360,354
Holmes 5,012 67.77% 2,177 29.43% 94 1.27% 76 1.03% 37 0.50% 2,835 38.33% 7,396
Indian River 28,639 57.71% 19,769 39.84% 950 1.91% 105 0.21% 164 0.33% 8,870 17.87% 49,627
Jackson 9,139 56.06% 6,870 42.14% 138 0.85% 102 0.63% 54 0.33% 2,269 13.92% 16,303
Jefferson 2,478 43.91% 3,041 53.89% 76 1.35% 29 0.51% 19 0.34% -563 -9.98% 5,643
Lafayette 1,670 66.67% 789 31.50% 26 1.04% 10 0.40% 10 0.40% 881 35.17% 2,505
Lake 50,010 56.44% 36,571 41.27% 1,460 1.65% 289 0.33% 281 0.32% 13,439 15.17% 88,611
Lee 106,151 57.57% 73,571 39.90% 3,588 1.95% 305 0.17% 785 0.43% 32,580 17.67% 184,400
Leon 39,073 37.88% 61,444 59.57% 1,934 1.87% 282 0.27% 421 0.41% -22,371 -21.69% 103,154
Levy 6,863 53.91% 5,398 42.40% 285 2.24% 67 0.53% 117 0.92% 1,465 11.51% 12,730
Liberty 1,317 54.65% 1,017 42.20% 19 0.79% 39 1.62% 18 0.75% 300 12.45% 2,410
Madison 3,038 49.29% 3,015 48.92% 54 0.88% 29 0.47% 27 0.44% 23 0.37% 6,163
Manatee 58,023 52.58% 49,226 44.61% 2,494 2.26% 271 0.25% 330 0.30% 8,797 7.97% 110,344
Marion 55,146 53.55% 44,674 43.39% 1,810 1.76% 563 0.55% 778 0.76% 10,472 10.17% 102,971
Martin 33,972 54.78% 26,621 42.93% 1,118 1.80% 112 0.18% 193 0.31% 7,351 11.85% 62,016
Miami-Dade 289,574 46.29% 328,867 52.57% 5,355 0.86% 560 0.09% 1,196 0.19% -39,293 -6.28% 625,552
Monroe 16,063 47.39% 16,487 48.64% 1,090 3.22% 47 0.14% 208 0.61% -424 -1.25% 33,895
Nassau 16,408 68.98% 6,955 29.24% 253 1.06% 90 0.38% 81 0.34% 9,453 39.74% 23,787
Okaloosa 52,186 73.69% 16,989 23.99% 988 1.40% 268 0.38% 388 0.55% 35,197 49.70% 70,819
Okeechobee 5,057 51.32% 4,589 46.57% 131 1.33% 43 0.44% 34 0.35% 468 4.75% 9,854
Orange 134,531 48.02% 140,236 50.06% 3,879 1.38% 446 0.16% 1,063 0.38% -5,705 -2.04% 280,155
Osceola 26,237 47.11% 28,187 50.61% 733 1.32% 145 0.26% 388 0.70% -1,950 -3.50% 55,690
Palm Beach 152,964 35.31% 269,754 62.27% 5,566 1.28% 3,411 0.79% 1,527 0.35% -116,790 -26.96% 433,222
Pasco 68,607 48.05% 69,576 48.73% 3,394 2.38% 570 0.40% 622 0.44% -969 -0.68% 142,769
Pinellas 184,849 46.38% 200,657 50.35% 10,023 2.52% 1,013 0.25% 1,984 0.50% -15,808 -3.97% 398,526
Polk 90,310 53.56% 75,207 44.60% 2,059 1.22% 533 0.32% 520 0.31% 15,103 8.96% 168,629
Putnam 13,457 51.29% 12,107 46.14% 379 1.44% 148 0.56% 148 0.56% 1,350 5.15% 26,239
Santa Rosa 36,339 72.10% 12,818 25.43% 726 1.44% 311 0.62% 208 0.41% 23,521 46.67% 50,402
Sarasota 83,117 51.63% 72,869 45.27% 4,071 2.53% 305 0.19% 615 0.38% 10,248 6.37% 160,977
Seminole 75,790 55.00% 59,227 42.98% 1,949 1.41% 195 0.14% 644 0.47% 16,563 12.02% 137,805
St. Johns 39,564 65.10% 19,509 32.10% 1,217 2.00% 229 0.38% 252 0.41% 20,055 33.00% 60,771
St. Lucie 34,705 44.50% 41,560 53.29% 1,368 1.75% 124 0.16% 233 0.30% -6,855 -8.79% 77,990
Sumter 12,127 54.48% 9,637 43.29% 306 1.37% 114 0.51% 77 0.35% 2,490 11.19% 22,261
Suwannee 8,009 64.27% 4,076 32.71% 180 1.44% 108 0.87% 88 0.71% 3,933 31.56% 12,461
Taylor 4,058 59.59% 2,649 38.90% 59 0.87% 27 0.40% 17 0.25% 1,409 20.69% 6,810
Union 2,332 60.95% 1,407 36.77% 33 0.86% 37 0.97% 17 0.44% 925 24.18% 3,826
Volusia 82,368 44.84% 97,313 52.98% 2,910 1.58% 498 0.27% 585 0.32% -14,945 -8.14% 183,674
Wakulla 4,512 52.54% 3,838 44.70% 149 1.74% 46 0.54% 42 0.49% 674 7.85% 8,587
Walton 12,186 66.51% 5,643 30.80% 265 1.45% 120 0.65% 109 0.59% 6,543 35.71% 18,323
Washington 4,995 62.24% 2,798 34.86% 93 1.16% 88 1.10% 52 0.65% 2,197 27.37% 8,026
Totals
2,912,790
48.85%
2,912,253
48.84%
97,488
1.63%
17,484
0.29%
23,095
0.39%
537
0.01%
5,963,110
By congressional district[edit]
Bush won fifteen of twenty-three congressional districts.[12]
District
Bush
Gore
Representative
1st
69% 31% Joe Scarborough
2nd
53% 47% Allen Boyd
3rd
35% 65% Corrine Brown
4th
66% 34% Tillie K. Fowler
Ander Crenshaw
5th
54% 46% Karen Thurman
6th
58% 42% Cliff Stearns
7th
54% 46% John Mica
8th
54% 46% Bill McCollum
Ric Keller
9th
54% 46% Michael Bilirakis
10th
49% 51% Bill Young
11th
39% 61% Jim Davis
12th
55% 45% Charles Canady
Adam Putnam
13th
56% 44% Dan Miller
14th
61% 39% Porter Goss
15th
57% 43% Dave Weldon
16th
53% 47% Mark Foley
17th
15% 85% Carrie Meek
18th
57% 43% Ileana Ros-Lehtinen
19th
27% 73% Robert Wexler
20th
31% 69% Peter Deutsch
21st
58% 42% Lincoln Diaz-Balart
22nd
48% 52% E. Clay Shaw Jr.
23rd
20% 80% Alcee Hastings
Electors[edit]
Main article: List of United States presidential electors, 2000
Technically the voters of Florida cast their ballots for electors: representatives to the Electoral College. In 2000 Florida was allocated 25 electors because it had 23 congressional districts and 2 senators. All candidates who appear on the ballot or qualify to receive write-in votes must submit a list of 25 electors, who pledge to vote for their candidate and his or her running mate. Whoever wins the most votes in the state is awarded all 25 electoral votes. Their chosen electors then vote for president and vice president. Although electors are pledged to their candidate and running mate, they are not obligated to vote for them. An elector who votes for someone other than his or her candidate is known as a faithless elector.
The electors of each state and the District of Columbia met on December 18, 2000[13] to cast their votes for president and vice president. The Electoral College itself never meets as one body. Instead the electors from each state and the District of Columbia met in their respective capitols.
The following were the members of the Electoral College from the state. All were pledged to and voted for George W. Bush and Dick Cheney:[14]
Alred S. Austin
Deborah L. Brooks
Armando Codina
Maria De La Milera
Sandra M. Faulkner
Thomas C. Feeney III
Feliciano M. Foyo
Jeanne Barber Godwin
Dawn Guzzetta
Cynthia M. Handley
Adam W. Herbert
Al Hoffman
Glenda E. Hood
Carole Jean Jordan
Charles W. Kane
Mel Martinez
John M. McKay
Dorsey C. Miller
Berta J. Moralejo
H. Gary Morse
Marsha Nippert
Darryl K. Sharpton
Tom Slade
John Thrasher
Robert L. Woody
Film[edit]
Fahrenheit 9/11
Recount is a made-for-TV political drama about the 2000 US Presidential election. The show was written by Danny Strong, directed by Jay Roach, and produced by Kevin Spacey (who also stars in the film). It premiered on HBO on May 25, 2008, and the DVD was released on August 19, 2008.
Orwell Rolls in His Grave
References[edit]
Jump up ^ State and Wire Reports, "State voter rolls: Election official finds more than 50,000 felons, 18,000 dead registered", Panama City News Herald, 19 August, 1998.
Jump up ^ Scott Hiaasen, Gary Kane, and Elliot Jaspin, "Felon Purge Sacrificed Innocent Voters", Palm Beach Post, 27 May, 2001, https://archive.commondreams.org/scriptfiles/headlines01/0527-03.htm
^ Jump up to: a b U.S. Commission on Civil Rights (June 2001). Voting Irregularities in Florida During the 2000 Presidential Election (Report). Government of the United States.
^ Jump up to: a b c Moore, M. (2001). Stupid White Men. Penguin Books. p. 6.
Jump up ^ Marks, Peter (September 20, 2000). "THE 2000 CAMPAIGN: THE AD CAMPAIGN; In Sign Florida Is Now in Play, Bush Increases Buying There". The New York Times. Retrieved May 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Did the Jewish Vote Cost Gore the Election?". Mitchellbard.com. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ Rosenbaum, David E. (October 26, 2000). "THE 2000 CAMPAIGN: THE VOTERS; Independents and the Elderly Lift Gore in Florida, Poll Says". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ 2000 official presidential general election results Archived August 25, 2012, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Elections, Division of. "November 7, 2000 General Election". results.elections.myflorida.com. Retrieved 2017-06-11.
Jump up ^ Sullivan, Robert David; ‘How the Red and Blue Map Evolved Over the Past Century’; America Magazine in The National Catholic Review; June 29, 2016
Jump up ^ Menendez, Albert J.; The Geography of Presidential Elections in the United States, 1868-2004, p. 164-165 ISBN 0786422173
Jump up ^ "Presidential Results by Congressional District, 2000-2008". Swing State Project. 2008-12-15. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ "2000 Post-Election Timeline of Events". Uselectionatlas.org. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
Jump up ^ "2000". President Elect. 2012-11-06. Retrieved 2018-03-30.
Bibliography[edit]
Ceaser, James W.; Busch, Andrew (2001). The Perfect Tie: The True Story of the 2000 Presidential Election. Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 0-7425-0836-6.
Keating, Dan and Balz, Dan. ‘Florida Recounts Would Have Favored Bush But Study Finds Gore Might Have Won Statewide Tally of All Uncounted Ballots.’ The Washington Post, published Nov. 12, 2001.
See also Category:Books about the United States presidential election, 2000
External links[edit]
Bush v. Gore
Presidential Election Law
The Butterfly Ballot Controversy, West Palm Beach, and its impact on the election
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ The previous closest statewide presidential elections were two in Maryland, that in 1832 being decided by just four votes or 0.01044 percent and that of 1904 by just fifty-one votes or 0.02274 percent. Next closest were two elections in California, that of 1912 being decided by 0.02567% or 174 votes, and that of 1892 – which gave Grover Cleveland the presidency – by 0.0545234% or 147 votes.
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text:
The Tao of Steve
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Tao of Steve
movie poster
Directed by
Jenniphr Goodman
Produced by
Anthony Bregman
Written by
Duncan North
Greer Goodman
Jenniphr Goodman
Starring
Donal Logue
Greer Goodman
Kimo Willis
Ayelet Kaznelson
David Aaron Baker
Nina Jaroslaw
Music by
Joe Delia
Production
company
Good Machine
Distributed by
Sony Pictures Classics
Release date
January 26, 2000 (2000-01-26) (Sundance Film Festival)
Running time
87 min
Language
English
The Tao of Steve is a 2000 romantic comedy film written by Duncan North, Greer Goodman, and Jenniphr Goodman. It is directed by Jenniphr Goodman and stars Donal Logue and Greer Goodman.
The Tao of Steve was produced by Ted Hope and James Schamus' Good Machine production company and released through Sony Pictures Classics. Logue won the 2000 Sundance Film Festival's Special Jury Prize for outstanding performance in a dramatic film and the film itself was nominated for the Grand Jury Prize. It was filmed in and around Santa Fe, New Mexico, where the story is set. Although the script never mentions St. John's College, the film includes many visual and verbal references to the seminar-based Great Books program taught there.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
Dex (Logue) is an unlikely Lothario - an overweight, thirtysomething part-time kindergarten teacher - who has developed an effective method for seducing women. "The Tao of Steve", Dex's own personal pseudophilosophy on seduction, combines a Taoist outlook with the qualities embodied by TV characters such as Steve Austin (The Six Million Dollar Man) and Steve McGarrett (Hawaii Five-O) and, above all, by the actor Steve McQueen. He meets up with Syd, an old college conquest whom he can't remember, but to whom he is instantly attracted. However, she never forgot him, and is hurt that he got over her so easily. Slowly, Dex subjects Syd to the "Tao of Steve", but Syd is immune to Dex's charms. Gradually, he develops genuine feelings for her.
During a camping trip with Syd, Dex suffers chest pains and has to be taken to the hospital. A doctor informs Dex that what he thought was a heart attack was merely heartburn, but cautions him that his lifestyle is endangering his health. Later, at school, the husband of one of his conquests punches him in the face in front of his students. Syd comes to Dex's house to console him, and they end up sleeping together. The next day, however, she finds out about his "philosophy", and leaves in disgust. Dex finally realizes that he needs to make changes in his life.
Sometime later, Syd is in New York City, working as a set designer. She leaves a message on Dex's answering machine asking him to call her and talk about their relationship - only to see Dex himself standing before her, ready to give her a chance.
Cast[edit]
Donal Logue - Dex
Greer Goodman - Syd
David Aaron Baker - Rick
James 'Kimo' Wills - Dave
Nina Jaroslaw - Maggie
Ayelet Kaznelson - Beth
Production[edit]
Director Jenniphr Goodman, after finishing her studies at New York University's film school, returned with her husband to her childhood home of Santa Fe, where they shared a house with North, a friend from college. Much like his fictional counterpart, North was an overweight kindergarten teacher who nevertheless had astounding success bedding women, including two of Goodman's own friends.
Out of work, Goodman began to have long conversations with North over the next two years, fascinated by his success and philosophy. This led to her wanting to make a film about North, either a documentary or some sort of one-man show. When her sister Greer became involved in 1996, they developed the project into a narrative film.
The Goodman sisters and North spent the next two years writing multiple drafts of the script as it evolved from a personal odyssey story into a romantic comedy. Pre-production began in New Mexico, and Jenniphr hired another NYU alumn, Teo Maniaci, as the cinematographer. Unfortunately, the start date for filming had to be pushed back when the actor they wanted for the lead turned out to be unavailable. During this time, Maniaci had given the script to Anthony Bregman, with whom he had just worked on a film that was made for Bregman's employer, Good Machine.
The delay was fortuitous, as Bregman and Good Machine came aboard as producers. The script went through 10 more drafts that year with Bregman, who comments, "That's one of the luxuries about independent film, you often have time to make the script perfect. You're always waiting for something — an actor's schedule to free up, more money to appear — so you have lots of time to reschedule, re-budget, and rewrite."
The actor in question was Donal Logue, who had been off making what would be John Frankenheimer's final film, Reindeer Games. Shooting began on July 7, 1999.[1]
Reception[edit]
The film enjoyed mostly positive reviews, with Roger Ebert calling it "...an easygoing but bright comedy that focuses on Logue's effortless charm (he won the best actor award at Sundance). It creates the feeling of settling in comfortably with old friends... One of the things I like about the movie is the wit of its dialogue, the way sentences and conversations coil with confidence up to a conclusion that is totally unexpected."
David Edelstein of Slate.com also praises the dialogue: "[The Tao of Steve] has some of the funniest romantic banter in a movie in years..." He says the film "...went down like a slice of warm pecan pie topped with two scoops of Ben & Jerry's Bovinity Divinity."
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Tao of Steve: Production". Sonypictures.com. 1999-07-07. Retrieved 2012-01-07.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: The Tao of Steve
The Tao of Steve on IMDb
The Tao of Steve at Rotten Tomatoes
Roger Ebert's review of The Tao of Steve
David Edelstein's review at Slate.com
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Tao_of_Steve&oldid=807060655"
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Erin Brockovich (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Erin Brockovich
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Steven Soderbergh
Produced by
Danny DeVito
Michael Shamberg
Stacey Sher
Written by
Susannah Grant
Starring
Julia Roberts
Albert Finney
Aaron Eckhart
Music by
Thomas Newman
Cinematography
Ed Lachman
Edited by
Anne V. Coates
Production
company
Jersey Films
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
(USA & Canada)
Columbia Pictures
(International)
Release date
March 17, 2000 (2000-03-17)
Running time
130 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$52 million
Box office
$256.3 million
Erin Brockovich is a 2000 American biographical film directed by Steven Soderbergh and written by Susannah Grant. The film is a dramatization of the true story of Erin Brockovich, portrayed by Julia Roberts, who fought against the energy corporation Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E). The film was a box office success, and critical reaction was positive.
Roberts won the Academy Award, BAFTA, Golden Globe Award, Screen Actors Guild Award, and various critics awards for Best Actress. The film itself was also nominated for Best Picture and Best Director for Steven Soderbergh at the 73rd Academy Awards. He won that year, but for directing the film Traffic. Early in the film the real Erin Brockovich has a cameo appearance as a waitress named Julia.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception
4.1 Box office
4.2 Reviews
5 Home media
5.1 Awards and honors
6 Accuracy
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
In 1993, Erin Brockovich is an unemployed single mother of three children who has recently been injured in a traffic accident with a doctor and is suing him. Her lawyer, Ed Masry, expects to win, but Erin's explosive courtroom behavior under cross-examination loses her the case, and Ed will not return her phone calls afterwards. One day, he arrives at work to find her in the office, apparently working. She says that he told her things would work out and they did not, and that she needed a job. Ed takes pity on Erin, and she gets a paid job at the office.
Erin is given files for a real estate case where the Pacific Gas and Electric Company (PG&E) is offering to purchase the home of Donna Jensen, a resident of Hinkley, California. Erin is surprised to see medical records in the file and visits Donna, who explains that she had simply kept all her PG&E correspondence together. Donna appreciates PG&E's help: she has had several tumors and her husband has Hodgkin's lymphoma, but PG&E has always supplied a doctor at their own expense. Erin asks why they would do that, and Donna replies, "because of the chromium". Erin begins digging into the case and finds evidence that the groundwater in Hinkley is seriously contaminated with carcinogenic hexavalent chromium, but PG&E has been telling Hinkley residents that they use a safer form of chromium. After several days away from the office doing this research, she is fired by Ed until he realizes that she was working all the time, and sees what she has found out.
Rehired, she continues her research, and over time, visits many Hinkley residents and wins their trust. She finds many cases of tumors and other medical problems in Hinkley. Everyone has been treated by PG&E's doctors and thinks the cluster of cases is just a coincidence, unrelated to the "safe" chromium. The Jensens' claim for compensation grows into a major class action lawsuit, but the direct evidence only relates to PG&E's Hinkley plant, not to the senior management.
Knowing that PG&E could slow any settlement for years through delays and appeals, Ed takes the opportunity to arrange for disposition by binding arbitration, but a large majority of the plaintiffs must agree to this. Erin returns to Hinkley and persuades all 634 plaintiffs to go along. While she is there, a man named Charles Embry approaches her to say that he and his cousin were PG&E employees, but his cousin recently died from the poison. The man says he was tasked with destroying documents at PG&E, but, "as it turns out," he "wasn't a very good employee".
Embry gives Erin the documents, which include a 1966 memo proving corporate headquarters knew the water was contaminated with hexavalent chromium, did nothing about it, and advised the Hinkley operation to keep this secret. The judge orders PG&E to pay a settlement amount of $333 million to be distributed among the plaintiffs.
In the aftermath, Ed hands Erin her bonus payment for the case but warns her he has changed the amount. She explodes into a complaint that she deserves more respect, but is astonished to find that he has increased it—to $2 million.
Cast[edit]
Julia Roberts as Erin Brockovich
Albert Finney as Edward L. Masry
Aaron Eckhart as George
Marg Helgenberger as Donna Jensen
Tracey Walter as Charles Embry
Peter Coyote as Kurt Potter
Cherry Jones as Pamela Duncan
Scarlett Pomers as Shanna Jensen
Conchata Ferrell as Brenda
Edward L. Masry as Diner Patron
Michael Harney as Pete Jensen
Veanne Cox as Theresa Dallavale
Scotty Leavenworth as Matthew Brown
Gemmenne de la Peña as Katie Brown
Gina Gallego as Ms. Sanchez
T. J. Thyne as David Foil
Valente Rodriguez as Donald
Production[edit]
The film was shot during eleven weeks with five weeks taking place in Ventura, California.[1]
Erin Brockovich performed well with test audiences but executives at Universal Studios were worried that audiences would be turned off by the title character's use of profane language.[2]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Erin Brockovich was released on March 17, 2000, in 2,848 theaters and grossed $28.1 million on its opening weekend. It went on to make $126.6 million in North America and $130.7 million in the rest of the world for a worldwide total of $257.3 million.[3]
Reviews[edit]
The majority of critics responded favorably towards the film, with Roberts' performance receiving rave reviews. It holds a certified "Fresh" rating of 84% on film review website Rotten Tomatoes and 73 metascore on Metacritic. In his review for The New York Observer, Andrew Sarris wrote, "We get the best of independent cinema and the best of mainstream cinema all in one package. Erin Brockovich, like Wonder Boys right before it, makes the year 2000 seem increasingly promising for movies".[4] Newsweek magazine's David Ansen began his review with, "Julia Roberts is flat-out terrific in Erin Brockovich." Furthermore, he wrote, "Roberts has wasted her effervescence on many paltry projects, but she hits the jackpot this time. Erin, single mother of three, a former Miss Wichita who improbably rallies a community to take on a multi-billion-dollar corporation, is the richest role of her career, simultaneously showing off her comic, dramatic and romantic chops".[5] Rolling Stone magazine's Peter Travers wrote, "Roberts shows the emotional toll on Erin as she tries to stay responsible to her children and to a job that has provided her with a first taste of self-esteem".[6] In his review for Entertainment Weekly, Owen Gleiberman gave the film a "B+" rating and wrote, "It's a delight to watch Roberts, with her flirtatious sparkle and undertow of melancholy, ricochet off Finney's wonderfully jaded, dry-as-beef-jerky performance as the beleaguered career attorney who knows too much about the loopholes of his profession to have much faith left in it".[7] Sight & Sound magazine's Andrew O'Hehir wrote, "Perhaps the best thing about this relaxed and supremely engaging film (for my money the best work either the director or his star has ever done) is that even its near-fairytale resolution doesn't offer a magical transformation".[8] In her review for The Village Voice, Amy Taubin wrote, "What's pretty original about the picture is that it focuses an investigative drama based on a true story around a comic performance".[9]
However, film critic Roger Ebert gave the film a two-star review, writing, "There is obviously a story here, but Erin Brockovich doesn't make it compelling. The film lacks focus and energy, the character development is facile and thin".[10] In his review for The New York Times, A.O. Scott wrote, "After proving, for about 40 minutes, what a marvelous actress she can be, Ms. Roberts spends the next 90 content to be a movie star. As the movie drags on, her performance swells to bursting with moral vanity and phony populism".[11] Time magazine's Richard Corliss found the film to be "slick, grating and false. We bet it makes a bundle".[12]
Home media[edit]
The film was released on VHS and DVD on August 15, 2000.
Awards and honors[edit]
Erin Brockovich received numerous awards. The Broadcast Film Critics Association, Los Angeles Film Critics Association, and National Board of Review voted Julia Roberts Best Actress of the year.[13] The National Society of Film Critics voted Steven Soderbergh Best Director for his work on both Traffic and Erin Brockovich.[14]
Erin Brockovich received four Golden Globe Award nominations, including Best Motion Picture – Drama, Best Director (Soderbergh), Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama (Roberts), and Best Supporting Actor – Motion Picture (Albert Finney).[15] Julia Roberts went on to win the only award for the film for Best Actress in a Motion Picture – Drama.[16] The film received five Academy Award nominations, including Best Picture, Best Director (Soderbergh), Best Actress (Roberts), Best Supporting Actor (Finney), and Best Original Screenplay (Susannah Grant).[17] Roberts won Best Actress, the only Academy Award the film received.[18] However, Soderbergh lost out to himself for his work on the film Traffic.
For her portrayal, Roberts became the first actress to win an Academy Award, BAFTA, Golden Globe Award, National Board of Review, Screen Actors Guild Award, and various critics awards for a single performance.
American Film Institute recognition:
AFI's 100 Years...100 Heroes & Villains:
Erin Brockovich — No. 31
AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – No. 73
Accuracy[edit]
On her website, Brockovich says the film is "probably 98% accurate".[19] While the general facts of the story are accurate, there are some minor discrepancies between actual events and the movie, as well as a number of controversial and disputed issues more fundamental to the case. In the film, Erin Brockovich appears to deliberately use her cleavage to seduce the water board attendant to allow her to access the documents. Brockovich has acknowledged that her cleavage may have had an influence, but denies consciously trying to influence individuals in this way.[20] In the film, Ed Masry represents Erin Brockovich in the car crash case. In reality, it was his law partner, Jim Vititoe.[21] Brockovich had never been Miss Wichita; she had been Miss Pacific Coast. According to Brockovich, this detail was deliberately changed by Soderbergh as he thought it was "cute" to have her be beauty queen of the region from which she came.[20] The "not so good employee" that met Brockovich in the bar was Chuck Ebersohl. He told Erin about the documents that he and Lillian Melendez had been tasked by PG&E to destroy.[22]
The scientific accuracy of the film has been questioned. According to The New York Times, scientists have suggested that their profession would have more rationally and scientifically evaluated the medical evidence that inspired Brockovich. One scientist who spoke to the paper urged audiences to ask themselves if the science supports the film's assertions.[23]
See also[edit]
California portal
2000s portal
Hinkley groundwater contamination
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Hollywood Discovers Ventura County". Los Angeles Times. August 1999. Retrieved August 16, 2013.
Jump up ^ Willens, Michele (June 25, 2000). "Putting Films to the Test, Every Time". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ "Erin Brockovich". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
Jump up ^ Sarris, Andrew (March 19, 2000). "She Doesn't Have a Résumé, but She's Got Other Assets". The New York Observer. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Ansen, David (March 13, 2000). "A Trash-Talking Crusader". Newsweek. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Travers, Peter (February 9, 2001). "Erin Brockovich". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen (March 24, 2000). "Erin Brockovich". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
Jump up ^ O'Hehir, Andrew (May 2000). "Erin Brockovich". Sight and Sound. Archived from the original on 2009-12-31. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Taubin, Amy (March 14, 2000). "Tit for Tat". The Village Voice. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (March 17, 2000). "Erin Brockovich". Chicago Sun-Times. Retrieved 2008-05-07.
Jump up ^ Scott, A.O (March 17, 2000). "Erin Brockovich: High Ideals, Higher Heels". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
Jump up ^ Corliss, Richard (March 20, 2000). "Erin Go Bra". Time. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Lyman, Rick (December 20, 2000). "High-Decibel Oscar Buzz". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Cardwell, Diane (January 7, 2001). "Critics Group Honors Quirky List of Film Favorites". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Lyman, Rick (December 22, 2000). "Gladiator and Traffic Lead Globe Nominees". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Lyman, Rick (January 22, 2001). "Surprises but No Dominator at the Golden Globes". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Lyman, Rick (February 14, 2001). "Gladiator, Crouching Tiger and Soderbergh Are Oscar Nominees". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ Lyman, Rick (March 26, 2001). "Oscar Spreads the Wealth, but Gladiator Takes Top Prize; Julia Roberts Is Named Best Actress, And Russell Crowe Is Chosen Best Actor". The New York Times. Retrieved 2010-03-04.
Jump up ^ "Erin Brockovich - The Movie". Erin Brockovich.
^ Jump up to: a b "Chasing the Frog - Erin Brockovich - Questioning the Story". Chasing the Frog. Retrieved 2008-12-05.
Jump up ^ Masry & Vititoe - Erin Brockovitch resumé Archived 2008-02-12 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Erin Brockovich 'Take It From Me Life's a Struggle But You Can Win' McGraw-Hill copyright 2002
Jump up ^ Kolata, Gina (11 April 2000). "REFLECTIONS; A Hit Movie Is Rated 'F' In Science". The New York Times. Retrieved 23 January 2013.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Erin Brockovich
Erin Brockovich on IMDb
Erin Brockovich at the TCM Movie Database
Erin Brockovich at AllMovie
Erin Brockovich at Box Office Mojo
Erin Brockovich at Rotten Tomatoes
Erin Brockovich at Metacritic
Erin Brockovich-Ellis' official site
Story behind Erin Brockovich with pictures and primary sources from the actual case on which the film is based
[hide]
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9012Live (1985)
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values: ერინ ბროკოვიჩი (ფილმი) – Georgian

values: Эрин Брокович – Kyrgyz

values: エリン・ブロコビッチ (映画) – Japanese

values: Эрин Брокович (фильм) – Russian

values: Erin Brockovich (movie) – Simple English

values: Ерин Брокович – Serbian

values: Ерін Брокович (фільм) – Ukrainian

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