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Gargamel
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For other uses, see Gargamel (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Garfunkel or Gaugamela.
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Gargamel
Gargamel and his cat Azrael.
Publication information
Publisher
Dupuis
First appearance
1959 (comic strip)
Created by
Pierre "Peyo" Culliford
In-story information
Notable aliases
Gargy
Abilities
Inventive
Command of magic
Gargamel is a fictional character from The Smurfs. He is an evil wizard, the sworn enemy of the Smurfs, and the main antagonist in the show and comic books. His main goal in life is to destroy the Smurfs to turn them into gold.
Contents
[hide]
1 Actors
1.1 Cartoons
1.2 Live-action films
1.3 Animated film
2 Appearance
3 His conflict with the Smurfs
4 Relationships
5 Gargamel in modern times
6 Cartoon series
6.1 Names in other languages
7 In other media
8 Jewish stereotype
9 See also
10 References
Actors[edit]
Cartoons[edit]
Actors who voiced Gargamel in different languages are:
Arabic: جوزيف نانو and إسماعيل نعنوع
Portuguese (Brazil): Orlando Drummond
Croatian: Josip Marotti
Dutch: Paul van Gorcum
English: Paul Winchell
French: Philippe Dumat[1]
German: Kurt Goldstein
Hungarian: Péter Haumann
Icelandic: Þórhallur Sigurðsson
Israeli Hebrew: Itsik Saidoff
Italian: Gastone Pescucci, Claudio Sorrentino, and Paolo Buglioni
Polish: Wiesław Drzewicz and Mirosław Wieprzewski (tv series), Jerzy Stuhr (movies)
Spanish: Esteban Siller
Swedish: Steve Kratz
Chinese (mainland China): Ge Ge Wu 格格巫
Live-action films[edit]
Gargamel is played by Hank Azaria in the live-action/animated film series.
Animated film[edit]
Gargamel is voiced by Rainn Wilson in Smurfs: The Lost Village.[2]
Appearance[edit]
Gargamel is a man who is perpetually stooped. His dark robe is worn and patched, and his teeth are rotten. He is a misanthrope, hating pretty much everyone and the Smurfs in particular, though he will sometimes feign friendship if there is something in it for him that he can either earn or steal. He is also an abject coward, surrendering or fleeing upon the merest hint of personal risk or harm.
Gargamel lives in a run-down, though solidly built hovel with his mangy cat, Azrael. Gargamel frequently denigrates, insults, and abuses Azrael (who typically returns Gargamel's abuse and displays amusement when Gargamel is humiliated), but Gargamel does in fact love her. In one episode of The Smurfs, Gargamel is depressed and saddened that Azrael had run away, and wishes she would come back. In another episode, Balthazar wants to kill a wildcat that Azrael befriended for his fur, and Gargamel begged him not to.
Gargamel is an eternal bungler. Some of his schemes to catch Smurfs border on the bizarre (such as a "blue magnet" that attracted solely blue items), though he does have rare moments of genius (the creation of Smurfette, for one). He has a seemingly endless library of spellbooks ("grimoires"), potions, and gimmicks for his life's passion. However, no matter how elaborate Gargamel's plans, they invariably end in failure, causing him to spout his catchphrase: "I hate Smurfs!". Sometimes he will also throw a temper tantrum, and howl in grief that "I am brave and strong and they are puny and weak, and why can't I defeat those miserable vile little Smurfs?!" However, his defeats never discourage him, and he always vows, "I'll get you if it's the last thing I do!"
His conflict with the Smurfs[edit]
When Gargamel first appeared in Le Voleur de schtroumpf ("The Smurfnapper"), published in 1959, he captured a Smurf, which he needed as an ingredient for a potion to make gold in accordance with the famed alchemic legend of the Philosopher's Stone. The other Smurfs rallied against him, and freed the kidnapped Smurf. The sorcerer was defeated and humiliated, swearing revenge: from now on the conflict would be personal.
Sometimes, he wants to eat the Smurfs, while other times, he wants to use them to make gold, and still other times, he has even more bizarre uses for them (in one instance, he is so enraged by his loss that he yells "I don't want to eat them, I don't want to turn them into gold, all I want now is to DESTROY THEM!"). Though he often catches Smurfs who wander by his home or whom he happens across in the forest, he does not know the location of the hidden Smurf village, a fact that continually frustrates him.
On some occasions, he has discovered the location of the village, but sooner or later, gets led away from it due to either a magic spell put on him by Papa Smurf or because of some other bizarre factor. Sometimes, it is simply a matter of his being led away from the village while chasing the Smurfs, losing them and then being unable to find his way back.
On one occasion, his obsessive search led him to explore the deepest caves, the muddiest marshlands and even going far out to sea. He was just about to give up and go home when, quite by chance, he did finally find the village — but, as always, circumstances were against him.[3]
Rarely (only a few times in the series), Gargamel has acted on the same side as the Smurfs. In "Fountain of Smurf", Papa Smurf becomes a Smurfling, and the only way the Smurfs can get him back to normal is with Gargamel's help.
Gargamel keeps a spellbook called the Great Book of Spells in the basement of his house; the book is a living, sentient thing capable of speech, and due to an unspecified agreement, it must provide Gargamel with any spell he requests one day a month on the final phase of the full moon. The book clearly does not like this arrangement and often takes Gargamel's requests too literally, while instructing him to gather ingredients and do rituals that humiliate him in the process. In one late season, it is suggested that the Book is not malevolent and simply does not like being used for selfish reasons, as it aids the Smurfs in undoing a magical disaster with very little fanfare.
To try and cause trouble to the Smurfs, Gargamel has created other Smurfs, most notably Smurfette. Smurfette was adopted by the Smurfs, but Sassette the Smurfling, created by the other Smurflings, was made from the same clay that Gargamel used for Smurfette. Sassette refers to Gargamel as "Pappy Gargamel". She is the only one in the Smurf village who wishes to see some good in him.
Relationships[edit]
Gargamel has also worked with other enemies of the Smurfs, although in many cases these other villains, such as Lord Balthazar, prove to be much more efficient and focused enemies of the Smurfs, and even so much as to smash their alliance with Gargamel and enslave him.
Not much is said of Gargamel's relationships with women, although in one episode, an ugly witch named Hogatha turns herself into an attractive woman to seduce Gargamel in order to steal a magical earring from him, which he bought for his mother's birthday. She almost succeeds, but her constant transformations from ugly to beautiful prove to be too hard for her, and Gargamel eventually is informed of the ruse. One time, Gargamel almost got married. His "mummy" decided it was high time he took a wife and introduced him to a baron's lovely daughter (Andria), who did not really love him. He did not really have any feelings for the girl either, until he saw in her hope chest a definitive map to the Smurf Village and then proclaimed his love for her and accepted her hand in marriage. (Of course, he still did not love her, just the map to the Smurf Village.) Fortunately for Gargamel's fiancee and the Smurfs' well-being, some Smurfs showed up at the wedding and wrought enough havoc as to ruin the wedding completely, so finally the ceremony was canceled. In the episode "Gargamel's Sweetheart", he does fall in love with Evelyn, a glamorous but evil witch whom he tries unsuccessfully to impress with his pathetic claims of being a rich, powerful wizard, but he does catch her interest when he also claims of knowing how to turn lead into gold, and gets her to agree to help him catch the Smurfs to do so. Their efforts go unrewarded thanks partly to his bungling, and she drops both her pretense and Gargamel like a hot potato.
Gargamel in modern times[edit]
Sophie was another popular Belgian comic series about a fun-loving young city girl who was created by her father made with sugar, spice and everything nice, written and drawn by Vicq and Jidéhem. In a crossover story drawn in 1975, it is shown that the Smurfs have survived to the 20th century since Sophie and her friend Little Bernard find them in a nearby wood — the Smurfs being on a winter holiday. Gargamel appears, though he is renamed Edgar Gamel, who is said to be a bit of a sorcerer and who claims to have studied occult sciences. He too wants revenge on the Smurfs, implying that he is the original Gargamel who has also lived as far as the 20th century, or else a future incarnation or counterpart of him.[4]
Cartoon series[edit]
Being the earliest of the Smurfs' sworn enemies, it was inevitable that Gargamel would be a recurring character in the Hanna-Barbera cartoon series, even in the opening theme where he shouts out loud his hatred for the Smurfs and his desperate attempts to catch them.
Despite his never-ending hatred and frustration for the Smurfs, more than once has he had to rely on Papa Smurf to help save him from a more wicked enemy's plans (such as Balthazar) or to rescue him from a potion gone horribly wrong. Other times, they have had to team up to fight a common enemy. On another occasion, the episode "The Fountain of Smurf", Papa Smurf drinks too much water from a fountain of youth and becomes a smurfling. The Smurfs are forced to rely on Gargamel to come to their aid and help turn Papa Smurf back to his proper age. In quite a funny, and ironic, ending, Gargamel and Azrael themselves fall into the Fountain of Youth, and become a child and a kitten again, respectively.
In later episodes, he acquired an apprentice named Scruple, who was frequently rejected from a boarding school for young wizards (which Gargamel himself had been expelled from in his youth) and only Gargamel was willing to teach him magic, and only because he was bribed by the wizards in charge of the school. Scruple seems moderately brighter and more savvy than his master, though still inexperienced in the ways of magic. Although Scruple aids Gargamel in capturing the Smurfs, his main problem is with the students of the wizard academy who berate him for failing to qualify for admission. However, in the scheme of things, the smugness of the students proves to be a weakness for them, as Scruple has some success using Gargamel's magic to cause them problems.
In 1989, the final season of the series, where the Smurfs are constantly traveling through time, different incarnations of Gargamel would appear, such as showing him as an Indian fakir, a Russian peasant, or a Spanish bullfighter. In one of the earlier episodes of the final seasons, where Gargamel is shown as an Egyptian pharaoh's aide, Papa Smurf believes that all these similar-looking men (and their cats) seen must be ancestors of the infamous Gargamel and Azrael of their present time.
Names in other languages[edit]
Different names have been used in different languages in the cartoon series:
Hungarian: Hókuszpók, a wordplay on "hocus pocus", with "pók" also meaning spider.
Icelandic: Kjartan
Italian: Gargamella (phonetic adaptation of the original name)
Arabic: Sharshabeel
Vietnamese: Lão Gà Mên (phonetic adaptation of the original name with "Lão" means old man)
Greek: Δρακουμέλ (drakoumel)
In other media[edit]
Paul Winchell voiced Gargamel on the 1980s animated television series, Hank Azaria portrayed Gargamel in The Smurfs (2011) and The Smurfs 2 (2013) and Rainn Wilson voiced Gargamel in the film Smurfs: The Lost Village (2017).
Jewish stereotype[edit]
According to French sociologist Antoine Buéno, Gargamel is suggestive of a stereotype of a Jew,[5] having a big nose, magic powers, love of gold, and balding looks.
In addition, Gargamel's cat Azrael's name in Hebrew actually means "God is my helper" (in Israel he is called "Hat-hattul" which is composed of the Hebrew words "Fear"[6] and "Cat"). In both Jewish and Muslim tradition, Azrael is the name of the angel of death. In addition to that, it was a Jewish name, so it could be used as an in-joke for Delporte's Jewish wife.[7][8]
On the other hand, the name "Gargamel" is not a Jewish name but taken from Rabelais' classic Gargantua and Pantagruel, where Gargamelle is the mother of Gargantua and a giant, which is appropriate since Gargamel is a giant compared to the Smurfs. The name was suggested by Yvan Delporte. Azrael was also suggested by Delporte, who considered "angel of death" an appropriate name for the would-be killer of Smurfs, and he also liked the rhyme with Gargamel.
See also[edit]
List of The Smurfs characters
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Results for 'Gargamel'". IMDb.com. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
Jump up ^ "Smurfs Production Blog". Smurfsproductionblog.tumblr.com. Retrieved 2016-03-29.
Jump up ^ Peyo. Soup a la Smurf, 1976. (original title: La soupe aux Schtroumpfs)
Jump up ^ Cette sacrée Sophie by Jidéhem and Vicq, published by Dupuis in 1977.
Jump up ^ "The Little Blue Book: A Critical and Political Analysis of the Smurf Society", Antoine Buéno
Jump up ^ "Hebrew to English translation of the word חת - 'hat'".
Jump up ^ Chiron, Alain. "Ay Buéno ! ou Le Petit Livre Bleu par un bleu de la BD" (in French). Centre de recherche et d'information sur la littérature pour la jeunesse. Archived from the original on 3 September 2012. Retrieved 24 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Culturebox (1 June 2011). "Un "Petit livre bleu" voit les Schtroumpfs en noir" (in French). France TV. Retrieved 29 January 2013. Quant au nom Azraël, il a été inventé par le complice de Peyo, Ivan Delporte, en hommage à son épouse juive.
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Gargamel
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Hanna-Barbera's 50th: A Yabba Dabba Doo Celebration (1989)
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Les Aventures des Schtroumpfs (1965)
The Smurfs and the Magic Flute (1976)
Smurfs: The Lost Village (2017)
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The Smurfs (2011)
The Smurfs 2 (2013)
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A Christmas Carol (2011)
The Legend of Smurfy Hollow (2013)
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Smurf: Rescue in Gargamel's Castle (1982)
The Smurfs (2011)
The Smurfs Dance Party (2011)
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Júzcar, Spain
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List of DCI Banks episodes
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The following is a list of episodes of the ITV crime drama series DCI Banks, starring Stephen Tompkinson (series 1-5), Andrea Lowe (series 1-5) and Caroline Catz (series 2-5). Five series plus a pilot episode of the series have been broadcast between 27 September 2010 and 5 October 2016. From June 2014, the first series was repeated on ITV Encore.
Contents
1 Episodes
1.1 Series 1 (2010-11)
1.2 Series 2 (2012)
1.3 Series 3 (2014)
1.4 Series 4 (2015)
1.5 Series 5 (2016)
2 Overseas
3 Notes
4 References
5 External links
Episodes[edit]
Series 1 (2010-11)[edit]
In January 2010, author Peter Robinson announced that he had signed a joint deal with Left Bank Pictures and ITV to adapt novels from the Detective Chief Inspector Alan Banks series for television.[1] Filming of a two-part serial based on the novel Aftermath was completed in July 2010, with scenes filmed on location in Leeds. Aftermath aired on ITV on 27 September – 4 October 2010.[1] The two episodes drew a strong average of 6.55 million viewers, twice becoming the fifth most-watched programme on the ITV network that week.[2] Viewer ratings for the pilot were strong enough to persuade ITV to commission a further six episodes. These consisted of three two-part episodes based on the novels Playing with Fire, Friend of the Devil and Cold is the Grave. Filming began in February 2011, and filming locations included the town of Otley, in which the majority of the episode Friend of the Devil was filmed. This was identifiable by the fact that some shop names in the town were left unchanged during filming.[3] The first episode, Playing with Fire, aired 16 September 2011, and drew an average of 4.5 million viewers. Subsequent episodes achieved similar ratings.[4]
Episode
Series
Episode
Title
Directed by
Written by
Viewers
(millions)
Airdate
1
1 "Aftermath - Part 1" James Hawes Robert Murphy 6.66 27 September 2010 (2010-09-27)
An officer is killed while responding to a domestic disturbance call. His partner subdues the killer, Marcus Payne, but Payne ends up in a coma. When DCI Banks investigates the grisly scene, he discovers it's the home of a serial rapist and murderer. The victims of four open cases are buried in the cellar. The fifth is missing and may still be alive, and Banks is haunted by the desire to find her.
2
2 "Aftermath - Part 2" James Hawes Robert Murphy 6.89 4 October 2010 (2010-10-04)
DS Annie Cabbot is investigating for Professional Standards the apparently extreme assault on Marcus Payne, who has died from his injuries. Banks suspects Payne's wife Lucy is complicit in the murders, while Cabbot must prove that the second officer used excessive force. When Lucy's true identity is revealed, it complicates the case, but does not deter Banks from his goal.
3
3 "Playing With Fire - Part 1" Paul Whittington Robert Murphy 5.10 16 September 2011 (2011-09-16)
Two bodies are found after a fatal fire on two narrow boats. Police suspect arson, and the discovery of a forged Turner landscape leads DCI Banks and DS Cabbot to connect the victims to an art forgery scam. Cabbot becomes involved with art expert Mark Keane, who is assisting with the investigation. Banks, meanwhile, suspects that Patrick Aspern, father of one of the victims, is deliberately withholding vital information.
4
4 "Playing with Fire - Part 2" Paul Whittington Robert Murphy 5.33 23 September 2011 (2011-09-23)
A third victim is discovered and Banks, the subject of a possible complaint by the Asperns, is determined to identify the man behind the art forgery scam. Cabbot's relationship with Keane makes her a target for the killer, with nearly disastrous consequences.
5
5 "Friend of the Devil - Part 1" Bill Anderson Laurence Davey 4.66 30 September 2011 (2011-09-30)
DCI Banks assigns DS Cabbot as Senior Investigating Officer (SIO) on a case involving the mutilated body of a woman found on the Yorkshire moors, while he investigates the murder of teenager Hayley Daniels, whose body has been found in a storage room in a dark alleyway. Cabbot discovers that her victim was Lucy Payne.
6
6 "Friend of the Devil - Part 2" Bill Anderson Laurence Davey 5.44 7 October 2011 (2011-10-07)
When DC Templeton's body is discovered in the same alleyway, killed in the same way as Lucy, Cabbot becomes convinced that the murders are connected. The suspect in the Daniels murder case is cleared, so Banks must establish how the real killer was able to avoid detection.
7
7 "Cold is the Grave - Part 1" Marek Losey Robert Murphy 5.82 14 October 2011 (2011-10-14)
A man commits an armed robbery and is then brutally murdered. Meanwhile, DCI Banks' boss, Chief Superintendent Rydell wants Banks to find and bring home his runaway teenage daughter, Emily. DS Cabbot becomes convinced the robbery was staged. Banks shepherds Emily away from criminal Barry Clough in London and returns her to her family, but he's shocked when she turns up dead shortly afterward, appearing as though she's been brutally beaten.
8
8 "Cold is the Grave - Part 2" Marek Losey Robert Murphy 5.89 21 October 2011 (2011-10-21)
Inquiries seem to reveal a connection between the two murders, and Banks and Cabbot come to suspect one of their team may be implicated in a criminal conspiracy.
Series 2 (2012)[edit]
Filming on Series 2 began in March 2012, and episodes began broadcasting from 10 October. Accompanying novels, with cover photos of Stephen Tompkinson, were released for sale on 25 October.[5] Several new characters were introduced in Series 2, including Alan Banks' parents, Arthur (Keith Barron) and Ida Banks (Polly Hemmingway); DI Helen Morton (Caroline Catz), who fills in for DS Annie Cabbot while she is on maternity leave; and Chief Superintendent (CS) Ron McLaughlin (Nick Sidi), replacement for CS Gerry Rydell, who left when exposed as being corrupt at the end of the first series. Actress Andrea Lowe actually took maternity leave during filming of most of Series 2, and only appeared in a very brief role.[6]
Episode
Series
Episode
Title
Written by
Directed by
Viewers
(millions)
Airdate
9
1 "Strange Affair - Part 1" Robert Murphy Tim Fywell 5.38 10 October 2012 (2012-10-10)
With DS Annie Cabbot about to take maternity leave, no-nonsense DI Helen Morton joins the team. A disturbing late-night message from his estranged brother Roy leads DCI Banks to go in search of him, without telling anyone. Meanwhile, DI Morton quickly alienates her colleagues with her tactless style at a murder scene, then makes matters worse by finding evidence linking Banks to the dead woman and speculating he could be a suspect. Banks delves deeper into Roy's life and uncovers questionable business transactions and associates.
10
2 "Strange Affair - Part 2" Robert Murphy Tim Fywell 5.41 17 October 2012 (2012-10-17)
When Alan breaks the news to his parents that Roy has been murdered, they plead with him to find Roy's killer. Defying Morton, Banks returns to Eastvale CID and attempts to lead both investigations. He and DI Morton become convinced the key to cracking both cases lies with a woman being treated at a family planning clinic.
11
3 "Dry Bones That Dream - Part 1" Rob Williams Jim Loach 5.46 24 October 2012 (2012-10-24)
A hitman bursts into the home of wealthy accountant Keith Rothwell, takes him to the garage and shoots him in cold blood, while his wife and daughter are inside the house. DCI Banks is instantly struck by the way the victim's family has responded to the shocking event. Evidence reveals Rothwell has been living a double life, and Banks and DI Helen Morton work together tentatively to investigate the murder of a mysterious victim with two identities. Possible links to a money-laundering operation plunge them into a high-profile fraud investigation with political ramifications.
12
4 "Dry Bones That Dream - Part 2" Rob Williams Jim Loach 5.33 31 October 2012 (2012-10-31)
Alan's friend, Pamela Jefferies, lies in a coma following a vicious attack, and Banks becomes even more determined to find Rothwell's killer. Against orders, he questions MP Martin Fleming, which puts him on a collision course with his former rival DCI Burgess. Meanwhile, DI Morton pursues another suspect and puts pressure on Rothwell's family.
13
5 "Innocent Graves - Part 1" Andrew Payne Mat King 5.39 7 November 2012 (2012-11-07)
Frustrated that a number of cases have been knocked back by the CPS, DCI Banks and his team are called on to investigate the murder of teenager Ellie Clayton, daughter of a high-profile Internet entrepreneur. The victim's background and the suggestion she may have been raped quickly make the incident the subject of media speculation, and strong evidence implicates a local theatre director who ran a drama workshop Ellie attended the night she was killed.
14
6 "Innocent Graves - Part 2" Andrew Payne Mat King 4.94 8 November 2012 (2012-11-08)
Banks believes he's found his man, but DI Morton suspects her colleague isn't seeing the bigger picture. When the trial against theatre director Owen Pearce collapses, Banks and the team are forced to rebuild the case with entirely new evidence. As a new suspect for Ellie's murder comes to light, a second girl is found dead in similar circumstances, and she is soon identified as Becca Smith, Ellie's best friend.
Series 3 (2014)[edit]
In December 2012, Peter Robinson announced on his website that the series had been re-commissioned for a third series of three two-part episodes, and in June 2013 confirmed the titles of the episodes to be filmed.[7] The series began filming in August 2013, and began airing from February 2014.[8] Lowe reprises her role as DS Cabbot after being absent from the majority of Series 2 due to maternity leave; Catz also reprises her role as DI Morton.[9] Series 3 sees the departure of DS Jackman (Lorraine Burroughs); however Jack Deam returns to the series as DS Blackstone, Nick Sidi reprises his role as CS McLaughlin, and Danny Rahim joins the cast as DC Lang.[10]
Episode
Series
Episode
Title
Directed by
Written by
Viewers
(millions)
Airdate
15
1 "Wednesday's Child - Part 1" Bill Eagles Robert Murphy 7.60[nb 1] 3 February 2014 (2014-02-03)
A strange man and woman turn up on the doorstep of Kyle Heath, an eleven-year-old local school boy, claiming to be social workers having received a report of abuse against the child. As they make the decision to take the child from his mother's custody, little does she know that the man and the woman are in fact child abductors, who have no connection to social services, but with good intentions because the boy is in a bad situation.
16
2 "Wednesday's Child - Part 2" Bill Eagles Robert Murphy 6.82 10 February 2014 (2014-02-10)
A search for the missing boy soon gets underway, but the discovery of a large quantity of drugs underneath the floorboards of his living room reveals some rather dark and sinister secrets. DI Morton suspects that the child's abduction, however, was planned by his own mother to extort money. The boy's headteacher soon becomes prime suspect when evidence reveals he was with the boy the night after he disappeared. Meanwhile, Banks' attempt to protect Annie from the emotions of the case draw them closer together.
17
3 "Piece of My Heart - Part 1" Ed Bazalgette Robert Murphy 6.63 17 February 2014 (2014-02-17)
The body of journalist Matt Barber, found in a chalet deep within the hills of a remote village, connects Banks to the death of John Gaunt, a guitarist for a band known as "The Crystal Kiss", who died during the 1980s. His band-mate, and best friend, Martin Hareford, was sent to prison on the grounds of manslaughter, serving five years for Gaunt's death. Banks finds himself not only investigating Matt Barber's death, but re-opening the Gaunt case in order to identify a potential cover-up which is threatening to hide the truth behind Barber's death.
18
4 "Piece of My Heart - Part 2" Ed Bazalgette Robert Murphy 6.77 24 February 2014 (2014-02-24)
As Banks finds himself raking over bad memories for those involved, DI Morton finds herself suspicious of Barber's father Jack, who was the investigating officer in the Gaunt case, and who extracted a confession from Martin Hareford. However, when the files reveal the confession has disappeared, DI Morton suspects that Jack has more to do with his son's death than he is letting on.
19
5 "Bad Boy - Part 1" Stephen Woolfenden Catherine Tregenna 5.83 3 March 2014 (2014-03-03)
Club DJ Richard Martin is run off the road and then shot in the head, after which the perpetrators dispose of his body and his car, as well as the gun used in the shooting. When the gun turns up in the bedroom of Erin Doyle, the daughter of Banks' long-term neighbours, Banks decides to act quietly to remove the gun without fuss. However, DI Morton overrules him, forcing him to follow procedure. The team organizes a full-blown raid which results in Erin's father, Peter Doyle, being tasered, resulting in a heart attack.
20
6 "Bad Boy - Part 2" Stephen Woolfenden Catherine Tregenna 5.81 10 March 2014 (2014-03-10)
As Banks, Blackstone, and Lang investigate Martin's death, Annie is forced to conduct an official investigation into Helen's actions, an investigation which threatens to destroy Banks' team. As the team identify Jaff Kitson as the possible murderer, Erin reveals that Jaff's new girlfriend is none other than Banks' own daughter, Tracy. Banks has to decide between his family loyalties, his moral actions, and the hope of a relationship with Annie, in order to secure the safety of his daughter.
Series 4 (2015)[edit]
Filming on the fourth series began in August 2014. For the first time since the series' debut, the fourth series did not feature any changes to the cast. It was also notable for being the first series which consists of entirely unique stories for television, choosing not to adapt any further novels by Robinson.[11] Likewise, it also meant that an entirely new writing team were brought in to script the series, with newcomer Nicholas Hicks-Beach, who first penned scripts for fellow ITV stablemate, Law & Order: UK, being introduced as head writer. Some viewers suggested that it brought a "grittier" feel to the show.[12] Noel Farragher was originally confirmed as the writer for the second story, but was replaced by Nicholas Hicks-Beach for reasons unknown.[13]
Episode
Series
Episode
Title
Directed by
Written by
Viewers
(millions)
Airdate
21
1 "What Will Survive - Part 1" David Richards Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.50 4 March 2015 (2015-03-04)
A young Estonian woman is found dead on a piece of wasteground, suspected of having been buried alive. As they piece together her prior movements, the team uncover a world of prostitution and drugs hidden behind a respectable veneer. They discover that the murder victim had come to the UK searching for her sister, who went missing recently. No one wants to talk – but they eventually trace her sister’s pimp, who claims to run a legitimate escort business.
22
2 "What Will Survive - Part 2" David Richards Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.86[nb 2] 11 March 2015 (2015-03-11)
Helen and Banks make inroads with the prostitutes’ driver, and Helen begins to suspect his autistic son might have had something to do with Katrin’s death. But when their house is burned down in a tragic fire, Banks and his team begin to uncover an even more disturbing truth.
23
3 "Buried - Part 1" Craig Pickles Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.31 18 March 2015 (2015-03-18)
A husband and daughter struggle to come to terms with their grief when the body of wife and mother Anaan Kamel is found washed up by an underground river. Suspicion falls on Marcus Leyton, a former employee of Anaan and Raheel’s law chambers, who was recently fired by Raheel – especially when texts between her and Marcus suggest an affair which progressed to blackmail on his part. The team struggles to find further information about Marcus, as his records only seem to go back five years.
24
4 "Buried - Part 2" Craig Pickles Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.33 25 March 2015 (2015-03-25)
Banks and Helen believe that the family are hiding something when daughter Nafeesah makes up a story about her mother recently falling down the stairs, until she eventually reveals that Anaan’s brother Bilal hit her in an argument over her conduct and wavering faith.
25
5 "Ghosts - Part 1" Kenneth Glenaan Paul Logue 4.92 1 April 2015 (2015-04-01)
The body of a university undergraduate, Josh Tate, is found dumped in a ravine, stabbed with something like a screwdriver. His flatmate, Spencer, says Josh was the quiet type - he last saw him heading off to his part time job at the uni lab. As the team piece together his movements, a picture emerges of another Josh, who was infatuated with his friend Spencer's lap-dancer girlfriend Melanie, and was also manufacturing the drug "ecstasy" for club owner Fallon with the help of his biochemistry tutor. Helen is unnerved by the arrival of former lover Martin Hexton, an undercover officer who claims to be working a case in Yorkshire, just as her own husband Michael reveals he wants custody of their children.
26
6 "Ghosts - Part 2" Kenneth Glenaan Paul Logue 4.86 8 April 2015 (2015-04-08)
Evidence seems to point to Fallon as Josh's murderer, and the team head to arrest him. But breaking into his flat, they find him badly beaten, and it looks like Hexton might be responsible. Banks is furious with Helen for not revealing the full extent of her relationship with Hexton earlier. She tries to win back his faith by leading him to Hexton’s B and B, but Hexton has disappeared. Unbeknownst to the team, he now appears to be stalking Melanie.
Series 5 (2016)[edit]
Filming on the fifth and final series began in February 2016. Samuel Anderson and Shaun Dingwall were announced as newcomers to the cast on 23 February, playing the roles of DC Vince Grady and Chief Superintendent Colin Anderson respectively.[14] For the first time, as well as focusing on three separate cases, the series will feature an ongoing story arc across all six episodes, featuring on the ongoing investigation into career criminal Steve Richards (Shaun Dooley) and his wife Tamsin (Maimie McCoy). [14] Chris Murray was originally confirmed as the writer for the first story, but was replaced by Nicholas Hicks-Beach for reasons unknown.[14]
Episode
Series
Episode
Title
Directed by
Written by
Viewers
(millions)
Airdate
27
1 "To Burn in Every Drop of Blood - Part 1" Robert Quinn Nicholas Hicks-Beach 6.20 31 August 2016 (2016-08-31)
Drug dealer Damon Horsley is murdered at the woodland shrine of suicide Sian Haddon, Sian's teen-aged friend Kyle Finn finding the body. Banks discovers that Horsley owed money to Charlie Franklin, whom Banks suspects of dealing on behalf of outwardly respectable property developer Steve Richards.
28
2 "To Burn in Every Drop of Blood - Part 2" Robert Quinn Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.51 7 September 2016 (2016-09-07)
Kat is found dead after admitting to Horsley's murder, but Banks is not convinced she died by her own hand though her former therapist, Kyle's mother Alice, claims that she had lately been depressed. Richards himself uses violence to pursue his own enquiries with Nathan, Horsley's brother, surviving a hit-and-run attempt by Franklin.
29
3 "A Little Bit of Heart - Part 1" Craig Pickles Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.48 14 September 2016 (2016-09-14)
When Rachel Li reports her husband, property owner and philanthropist Xun, missing, Banks interviews his brother Chang and niece Wei, hearing the family were dissidents who had to flee China, and son Bo, a hospital worker who does not get on with his father. There is a ransom request to his wife, which she does surrounded by police. The police find Li, who is put in hospital to recover from exposure.
30
4 "A Little Bit of Heart - Part 2" Craig Pickles Nicholas Hicks-Beach 5.48 21 September 2016 (2016-09-21)
Li is found dead in his home by his wife, clear plastic over his head. Banks deduces that Xun Li knew his killer as he had opened the door to someone. His son Bo is the prime suspect; Xun's first wife died giving birth to him, and he is a disappointment to his father. However fibres found on Xun's clothes point to Wendy Xiao, whose protection racket Xun was seeking to expose. Xun's brother killed him accidentally, after hearing a video from China of Xun describing the people he named for prison in China, giving up his brother and his wife to authorities to save his own life. The brother gave a taste of the torture which brought on a fatal asthma attack. While the team celebrates Helen Morton's promotion to DCI, Annie meets someone in a restaurant, calls Banks from an alley nearby, and she is stabbed after telling him where she is.
31
5 "Undertow - Part 1" Mark Brozel Paul Logue 5.25 28 September 2016 (2016-09-28)
Banks and the team begin the painful job of finding out exactly who was responsible for Annie's death. Banks leads a risky car chase of a suspect, who is taken for questioning but there is insufficient evidence to charge him. Chief Superintendent Anderson puts pressure on Helen to rein in Banks, Banks is certain that this is all down to one man – crime boss Steve Richards. Banks' obsession with nailing Richards sends him over the edge, so Anderson puts Banks on leave and appoints Morton as acting DCI for this case.
32
6 "Undertow - Part 2" Mark Brozel Paul Logue 5.47 5 October 2016 (2016-10-05)
Though told he is on leave and off the case, Banks continues to interrogate suspects. While the team work on leads to Charlie Franklin, reported missing by his sister who awaits his bone marrow to cure her, Banks operates on the other side of the law, using physical violence to secure a break-through. The team is close to bringing Steve Richards to justice when one suspect confesses to a murder with no involvement by Richards, which means Banks and the team need to find another connection. Banks and Morton confront their newest detective who admits to being an agent for Richards, who threatens harm to the detective's father. Banks pursues Richards in his home, and they engage in a long physical fight. His wife Tamsin then joins them, confessing and explaining how each person was murdered, one at her request. Richards is arrested. The closing scene shows Banks at a cairn he erected for Annie. He speaks how he, David and Isla will live on after her demise, and how he misses her.
Overseas[edit]
DCI Banks has been broadcast in Saudi Arabia by OSN (Orbit Showtime Network) which had forged an exclusive deal with BBC First HD that would carry the broadcast to Middle East & North Africa with programming screening 48 hours after their UK premier. In Denmark, the pilot and all four series have aired on DR1. All episodes are aired as one single "full-length" story. Sweden - SVT 1 has aired the pilot and first four series (number four ongoing as of March 2017). France and Germany - Arte has aired the pilot and first two series. In the United States, the full series has been aired on many PBS stations, delayed a few weeks after UK broadcast. Portugal - The Fox Crime cable channel started to aired the pilot and first series on 4 September 2014, which have been re-aired in July 2014, together with the second series. As is normal in Portugal the transmission is in the original English version with Portuguese subtitles.[15] Finland - Yle showed the pilot and Series 1 in August 2012, Series 2 in August 2013, Series 3 in January–February 2016, Series 4 in February 2016, and Series 5 in January 2017. All episodes are aired as one single "full-length" story and with Finnish subtitles. The episodes are available for viewing from Finland at the Yle website for 14 days.[16] In Australia the series is shown on the national broadcaster, the ABC, on Saturday nights.[17] In The Netherlands, the pilot and series 1 to 5 has been aired as one episode by the national broadcaster NPO.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ 6.37 million on ITV, 749,000 on the ITV HD simulcast, and 483,000 on ITV +1.
Jump up ^ 4.68 million on ITV, 869,000 on the ITV HD simulcast, and 315,000 on ITV +1.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "DCI Banks Ep1 Week 39" (Press release). ITV Press Centre. 14 September 2010. Archived from the original on 12 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Top 30 Programmes (w/e 29 Mar 2015)". BARB. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "DCI Banks". Left Bank Pictures. 15 April 2011. Archived from the original on 15 April 2011.
Jump up ^ "DCI Banks: Playing with Fire starring Stephen Tompkinson". CrimeTimePreview. 13 September 2011. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "DCI Banks: Dry Bones That Dream (The Inspector Banks Series): Amazon.co.uk: Peter Robinson: 9781447217923: Books". amazon.co.uk. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "DCI Banks to return for a new six-part series". Radio Times. 20 March 2012. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "Series 3 of DCI Banks Confirmed". Peter Robinson's Official Website. 17 June 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "Interview: Stephen Tompkinson and Anna-Jane Casey". OK! Magazine. 18 January 2013. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Brown, Pam (4 April 2013). "Dour detective back on the beat". The West Australian.
Jump up ^ "DCI Banks" (Press release). ITV Press Centre. 28 January 2014. Retrieved 12 April 2015.
Jump up ^ DCI Banks: Series 4 [DVD]: Amazon.co.uk: Stephen Tompkinson, Andrea Lowe, Caroline Catz
Jump up ^ DCI Banks review: Stephen Tompkinson's glum Yorkshire detective is a far cry from Broadchurch | The Independent
Jump up ^ DCI Banks returns for a fourth series
^ Jump up to: a b c "Banks Series 5". ITV Press Centre. 17 August 2016. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 28 August 2015. Retrieved 24 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Ylikomisario Banks | Yle TV1 | yle.fi
Jump up ^ DCI Banks : ABC TV
External links[edit]
DCI Banks at itv.com
DCI Banks at Left Bank Pictures
List of DCI Banks episodes on IMDb
hide
v
t
e
Alan Banks series by Peter Robinson
Novels
Gallows View (1987)
A Dedicated Man (1988)
A Necessary End (1989)
The Hanging Valley (1989)
Past Reason Hated (1991)
Wednesday's Child (1992)
Dry Bones that Dream (1994)
Innocent Graves (1996)
Dead Right (1997)
In a Dry Season (1999)
Cold is the Grave (2000)
Aftermath (2001)
The Summer That Never Was (2003)
Playing with Fire (2004)
Strange Affair (2005)
Piece of My Heart (2006)
Friend of the Devil (2007)
All the Colours of Darkness (2008)
Bad Boy (2010)
Watching the Dark (2012)
Children of the Revolution (2013)
Abattoir Blues (2014)
When the Music's Over (2016)
Sleeping in the Ground (2017)
Careless Love (2018)
Associated novels
Caedmon's Song (1990)
Short story collections
Not Safe After Dark (1998)
The Price of Love (2009)
See also
DCI Banks (TV series)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_DCI_Banks_episodes&oldid=856409724"
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Legal status of tattooing in the United States
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In the United States, there is no federal law regulating the practice of tattooing. However, all 50 states and the District of Columbia have statutory laws requiring a person receiving a tattoo be 18 years or older. This is partially based on the legal principle that a minor cannot enter into a legal contract or otherwise render informed consent for a procedure. Most states permit a person under the age of 18 to receive a tattoo with permission of a parent or guardian, but some states outright prohibit tattooing under a certain age regardless of permission, with the exception of medical necessity (such as markings placed for radiation therapy).
In all jurisdictions, individual tattooists may also choose to place additional restrictions based on their own moral feelings, such as refusing any clients under a specific age even with parental consent despite it being legal, or limiting the type and/or location of where they are willing to tattoo (such as refusing any work around intimate parts of the body). They may additionally refuse to perform specific artwork, including if they merely find it inappropriate or offensive, or refuse to work on a client that they suspect may be intoxicated. Artists sometimes claim their personal business restrictions are a matter of law even when it is not true, so as to avoid arguments with clients.
Legal Restrictions on Tattooing & Body Modification by State
State
Minimum Age (with parent/guardian consent)
Form of Parent/Guardian Consent
Notes & Exceptions
Intoxicated/Impaired Individuals
Area of Law/Type of Penalty
Licensing & Regulation
Relevant Statute(s) and Rules
Alabama
none specified[1] informed written consent, signed in presence of the artist/service provider or their agent[1][2] Ear piercing exempt from Alabama body art laws & rules.[2][3] cannot be tattooed, branded, or pierced[1][2] Violations of Alabama Tattoo & Body Piercing laws are a class c misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of up to $100 and/or up to 90 days imprisonment for each violation.[4] Alabama's Department of Public Health licenses Tattoo, body piercing, & body art facilities, and sets standards for their operation.[5]
Individual tattoo artists, piercers, etc. require a permit.[2]
Ala. Code § 22-1-17A[3][6]
State Board of Health rules on Body Art Practices and Facilities.[2]
Alaska
18 (piercing excepted)[7] parent/guardian must both give written consent and be present during the procedure[7] Minors may be pierced with parental consent [7] no restriction[8] Alaska Stat. § 08.13.217[7]
Arizona
none specified[9] parent/guardian must be physically present[9] Minors can have their ears pierced with the written or verbal consent of a parent/guardian, can have procedures prescribed by a health care provider.[9] no restriction[9] Violations are a class 6 felony.[9] There are no health regulations for tattoo shops in Arizona. [10] Tattoos. Ariz. Rev. Stat. § 13-3721[9]
Arkansas
16[11] parent/guardian must both give written consent and be physically present[12] none specified[12] cannot be tattooed, branded, or pierced.[12] Ark. Stat. Ann. §§ 20-27-1501 et seq.[12]
California
18 (piercing excepted)[13][14] parent/guardian must be present during procedure Minors may have their ears pierced with parental consent.[15] They may be pierced elsewhere with parental consent, but not on their genitals or nipples. Permanent cosmetics are permitted on nipples, when done by a cosmetic technician and with parental consent.[14] no restriction Body Art. Cal. Health & Safety Code § 119300 to 119328[6][15]
Cal. Penal Code 653[13]
Colorado
18 Express written consent of parent or guardian[16] parent/guardian must be present during procedure Persons who are "noticeably impaired" cannot have body art procedures[16] Body Artists. Colo. Rev. Stat. § 25-4-2101 to 2103[6]
Connecticut
none specified permission of parent or guardian[17][18] Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent[17]
Tattooing may only be performed by physicians, or by registered nurses & technicians working under the supervision of a physician.[18]
no restrictions Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-92a,[6][18]
Conn. Gen. Stat. §19a-92g[6][17]
District of Columbia
18 (ear piercing excepted)[19] written consent (for ear piercing)[19] minors may have their ears pierced with written parental consent[19] no restrictions[19] Body Artists. DC Code § 47-2853.76d[6][19]
Delaware
18[20] notarized written consent to the specific procedure[20] none specified[20] cannot be tattooed, branded, or body pierced[20] Del. Code Ann. Title 11, Ch 5 §1114(a)[6][20]
Del. Code Ann. Title 16, Ch 2 §122(3)(w)[6]
Florida
16[21] Must be accompanied by parent or guardian who can show proof of guardianship, both parent and minor must present photo ID, and a consent form must be notarized.[21] for medical or dental purposes by a licensed physician or dentist[21] no restriction Fla. Stat. § 381.00787[6]
Fla. Stat. §381.0775 et seq.[6] Fla. Stat. §381.075[6]
Georgia
18 (body piercing excepted)[22] For body piercing: prior written consent of parent/guardian[23] Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent[23]
Minors may be body pierced with written parental consent[23]
Physicians and Osteopaths or technicians working under their direct supervision can give minors tattoos or produce scars for "medical or cosmetic purposes."[22]
No one can be tattooed within an inch of their eye socket.[24]
no restrictions Ga. Code § 31-40-1 to 31-40-10[6]
Ga. Code § 16-12-5[6]
Ga. Code § 16-5-71.1[6]
Hawaii
none specified[25] written consent of parent/guardian[25] Hawaii Rev. Stat. § 321-13[6]
Hawaii Rev. Stat. § 321-379[6]
Idaho
18[26] Written informed consent of parent/guardian, executed in the presence of the person performing the procedure, or their agent/employee.[26] Minors can have their ears pierced without parental consent.[6]
Piercing for medical procedures exempt.[6]
no restrictions Idaho Code § 18-1523 (2004)[6]
Illinois
18 (body piercings excepted)[27] Written consent of parent/guardian (for body piercings)[27] Minors cannot be present in places where tattooing or body piercing is done except in the presence of a parent/guardian.[27]
Minors can have their ears pierced without parent/guardian consent.[27]
no restrictions Ill. Stat. 720 §5/12-10.1[6]
Ill. Stat. 410 §54/1 t0 54/999[6]
Indiana
none specified[28] Parent/guardian must both be present during the procedure and provide written permission.[28] Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent.[28] no restrictions Ind. Code Ann. §35-42-2-7[6][28]
Ind. Code Ann. §16-19-3-4.1[6][29]
Iowa
18[30] n/a - minors cannot be tattooed[30] Body piercing is not regulated by state law in Iowa, however county or city laws may regulate it.[31] no restrictions Iowa Code §135.37[6]
Iowa Code §135.37[6]
Kansas
16[32] Parent/guardian must give written consent, written consent must be notarized, and the parent/guardian must be present during the procedure.[32] Minors may have their ears pierced[33] no restrictions Kan. Stat. Ann. §65-1953[6]
Kan. Stat. Ann. §65-1940 to 65-1954[6]
Kentucky
16 Parent/guardian must give written, notarized consent.[34] none (ear piercing also requires written, notarized consent).[35] Ky. Rev. Stat. §211.760[6]
Ky. Rev. Stat. §194A.050; 211.760[6]
Louisiana
16 Parent or guardian must consent, and their presence during the procedure is required for tattoos, but not for body piercings.[36] no restrictions La. Rev. Stat. Ann. §14:93.2[6]
La. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 40:2831 et seq.[6]
Maine
18 (piercings excepted)[37] For body piercings: prior legal consent of parent/guardian.[38] Maine law does not require parent/guardian consent for ear piercing[39] no restrictions Me. Rev. Stat. Ann. Title 32 § 4201-4329[6]
Maryland
none specified[40] written consent, which must be retained for 3 years. Piercing of the ear lobe is exempt[41] no restriction Health Department Regulations A license is not required, but any person performing tattooing or piercing must comply with all the relevant health code regulations[40] COMAR 10.06.01.02 and 10.06.01.06
Massachusetts
18 (except body piercing other than genitalia)[42] Minors cannot receive tattoo, branding, or scarification at all. For piercing of areas other than the genitalia, a parent may provide identification and sign the consent document.[42] Physicians performing for treatment reasons and ear piercing are exempt from regulation.[42] no restriction County Health Department regulates body art, but all follow a model regulation set by the state. Artists must have a permit, and establishments are subject to following specific health department regulations[42] Model Regulations for Body Art Establishments[42]
Michigan
none specified[43] Written, informed consent of parent/guardian. Must be executed (signed) in the presences of the person performing the procedure, or their employee.[43] cannot be tattooed, branded, or body pierced.[43] Mich. Comp. Laws § 333.13101 to 333.13112[44]
Minnesota
18 (piercings excepted)[45] For piercings: presence of parent/guardian and a consent form are both required.[45] Minors cannot be tattooed. They can be body pierced, but not in the nipples or genitals. Branding, scarification, suspension, subdermal implantation, microdermal, and tongue bifurcation are also prohibited for minors.[45] cannot have any body art procedures.[45] Minnesota Statutes 146B.07[45]
Mississippi
18 n/a - minors cannot be tattooed piercing also prohibited except for the outer perimeter or lobe of the ear. no restriction Miss.Code Ann. §73-61
Missouri
none specified[46] For both piercings and tattoos, parent/guardian must sign written consent in the presence of the person performing the procedure, or their employee.[46] cannot be tattooed, branded or body pierced.[46] violations are a misdemeanor, punishable with a fine of up to $500 (more for repeat offenses)[46] The state director of the division of professional registration licenses all body artists, and sets rules & regulations for the operation of body art establishments.[47] Mo. Rev. Stat. §324.520[46]
Montana
none specified[48] Parent or guardian must give "explicit, in-person" consent.[48] Montana administrative rules also require that the parent/guardian be present throughout the procedure.[49] cannot be tattooed or body pierced.[49] A person who tattoos or body pierces a minor without parent/guardian consent is guilty of Unlawful transactions with children, punishable by a fine of up to $500 or six months in county jail, or both.[48]
Other violations of Montana body art laws are a misdemeanor, with punishments ranging from a fine of $50–100 for a first offense to $300 and/or 90 days in county jail for third and subsequent offense.[50]
Montana's Department of Health and Safety licenses and regulates body art establishments.[51] Local health boards may establish their own licensing and regulatory schemes in lieu of the state department's.[52] Mont. Code Ann. §45-5-623[48]
Mont. Code Ann. §50-48-101 to 110[53]
Mont. Code Ann. §50-48-201 to 209[54]
Nebraska
none specified[55] written consent, must be present during procedure Piercing does not include the external parts of the ear[56] No restrictions Nebraska Revised Statute 38-1008, 38-1009, 38-1010, 38-1011, 38-1060, 38-10,165
Nevada
n/a[6] n/a[6] Nevada state law does not regulate tattoos, piercings, or other body art. Regional health districts may regulate the practice. The southern Nevada Health District, for example, does not allow minors below the age of 14 to be tattooed, and requires a parent or guardian to provide written consent and be present during the procedure for 14- to 18-year-olds. The southern Nevada district also bans tattoos on those who are under the influence of drugs or alcohol.[57] n/a[6] n/a[6]
New Hampshire
18 (piercings excepted)[58] For piercings: parent/guardian must both sign written consent and be present during the procedure. Minors cannot be tattooed or branded. They may be pierced with parent/guardian consent.[58] Minors may have their ears pierced without parent/guardian consent.[59] no restrictions N.H. Rev. Stat. Ann. § 314[6]
New Jersey
none specified[60] written permission of parent/guardian is required for tattooing and body piercing.[60] Parent/guardian must be present and sign written consent for ear piercings as well as for body piercing. Minors cannot have genital piercings even with parent/guardian consent.[61] no restrictions no restrictions no restrictions N.J. Stat. Ann. §2C:40-21
N.J.A.C. 8:27-1 et seq.
N.J. Stat. Ann. §26-1A-7[6]
New Mexico
none specified[62] Written consent and presence during the procedure. Medical procedures by physicians and ear piercing are exempt[63] no restrictions Administrative Regulations set by the Board of Barbers and Cosmetologists All body artists are required to be licensed through the state, and are subject to regulations from the Board Body Art Safe Practices Act. N.M. Stat. Ann. § 61-17B et seq.,[63] N.M. Administrative Code 16.36 et seq.[62]
New York
18 (piercings excepted) [64] Minors cannot be tattooed with parent/guardian consent. For piercings: parent/guardian must give written consent, signed in presence of the body artist or body art establishment owner.[65] Written parental consent is not required for ear piercings.[66] no restrictions New York Public Health Law, Article 4-A[6][65]
N.Y. Public Health Law §460-466[6]
N.Y. Penal Law § 260.21[6]
North Carolina
18 (piercings excepted)[67] Minors cannot be tattooed, even with parent/guardian consent. "Prior consent" of parent/guardian is required for body piercings.[67] Minors may have their ears pierced without parental consent.[67] no restrictions N.C. Gen. Stat. § 130A-283[68]
N.C. Gen. Stat. § 14-400[69]
North Dakota
none specified[70] Parent/guardian must be present during the procedure and give written consent.[70] cannot get tattoos or other body art[71] N.D. Code §23-01-35[72]
N.D. Code §12.1-31-13[6][70]
Ohio
none specified[73] Parent/guardian must both sign a consent form and "appear in person at the business at the time the procedure is performed."[73] none - parent/guardian consent and presence is also required for ear piercings.[73] no restrictions Ohio Rev. Code Ann. §3730.01 to 3730.99[6][73]
Oklahoma
18 (piercings excepted)[74] Minors cannot be tattooed, even with parent/guardian consent. For piercings: parent/guardian must both give written consent and be present during the procedure.[74] Ear piercing is not governed/restricted by Oklahoma law.[74]
Scleral tattooing is illegal.[74]
cannot be tattooed.[74] Okla. Stat. Title 21 §842.1, 842.2, 842.3[6]
Oregon
18 (piercings excepted)[75] For piercings: parent/guardian must give written consent and present proof of identity.[76][77] Minors can only be tattooed with the authorization of a physician.[75]
Scarification and dermal implants are prohibited[78]
Persons with sunburns or skin diseases or disorders cannot be tattooed or pierced.[75][77]
Minors cannot be pierced on the genitals or nipples, even with parent/guardian consent.[76]
Piercing on testes, deep shaft (corpus cavernosa), uvula, eyelids and sub-clavicle are all prohibited.[77]
cannot be tattooed or pierced.[75][77] Violations of Oregon body art laws are a misdemeanor.[79]
Violations of Health Licensing Office rules are fined (various amounts).[80]
Both body artists and body art establishments are licensed by the Oregon Health Licensing Office.[81] With the assistance of a Board of Body Art practitioners, the Health Licensing Office also sets detailed rules and regulations for body art.[82] Or. Rev. Stat. § 690.350 et seq
Or. Rev. Stat. § 690.401 to 410
Or. Rev. Stat. § 679.500[6]
Health Licensing Office Rules, especially Divisions 900, 905, 915 & 920[82]
Pennsylvania
none specified[83] parent/guardian must both give consent and be present during the procedure.[83] no restrictions Pa. Cons. Stat. Title 18 § 6311[6][83]
Rhode Island
18 (piercings excepted)[84][85] Minors cannot be tattooed.[84] For piercings: parent/guardian must both give consent and be present for the procedure.[85] no restrictions Tattooing a minor is a criminal offense (misdemeanor), maximum fine $300[84] Tattooing and body art are regulated by the department of health, artists must be registered.[85] RI Gen L § 23-1-39[85]
RI Gen L § 11-9-15[84]
South Carolina
18 (piercings excepted)[86][87] Minors cannot be tattooed.[86] For piercings: parent/guardian must either give written, notarized consent or be present during the procedure.[87] Head, face, and neck tattoos are illegal.[86] cannot be tattooed or body pierced[86][88] Under the Health Code, persons violating restrictions on tattooing and body piercing are guilty of a misdemeanor. Upon conviction, they may be fined up to $2500 or imprisoned for a year, or both.[86][87] Tattoo and body piercing facilities are regulated by the Department of Health and Environmental Control. Tattoo facilities are licensed, body piercing facilities require a permit, and artists must be registered[89][90] S.C. Code § 44-32-10 to 44-32-120[88]
S.C. Code § 44-34-10 to 44-34-110[91]
South Dakota
none specified[92] Parent/guardian must sign a consent form.[92] cannot be tattooed or pierced[93][94] Tattooing a minor is a class 2 misdemeanor.[95] Tattooing and Body Piercing are governed by Department of Health rules.[96] Municipalities may set stricter regulations, and have the authority to license body artists.[95] S.D. Codified Laws Ann. §26-10-19[92]
S.D. Laws § 9-34-17[95]
Tennessee
18 (piercings excepted)[97][98] For tattoos that cover an existing tattoo (see Notes & Exceptions): Parent/Guardian must be present during the procedure.[97]
For piercings: Parent/Guardian must give written consent, be present during the procedure.[98]
Minors over the age of sixteen may be tattooed to cover up an existing tattoo, with parent/guardian consent.[97] Minors who lie about their age to be tattooed are guilty of a "delinquent act," are required to pay a fine of $50–$250 and serve at least 20 hours of community service.[97]
Tattooing a minor is a class a misdemeanor,[97] breach of body piercing law is a class b misdemeanor.[99]
Tattoo artists and body piercers are licensed by the state department of health, tattoo shops require a certificate from the local health department.[100][101] Tenn. Code §§ 62-38-201-310[102]
Texas
18 (piercings excepted)[103][104] For body piercings and for covering existing tattoos (see Notes & Exceptions): Parent/guardian must be present during procedure, sign an affidavit[103][104] Ear piercing is exempt from body piercing statutes[105]
Minors may, with parent/guardian consent, be tattooed to cover up an existing tattoo that has offensive, gang-related, or drug-related content, or "other words, symbols, or markings that the person's parent or guardian considers would be in the best interest of the person to cover"[103]
Tongue splitting prohibited.[106]
Cannot be tattooed or pierced.[103][107] Misrepresenting one's age to get a tattoo, or to get a piercing without parental consent, is a class B misdemeanor[103][104]
Violations of Texas tattooing & body piercing statute are a Class A misdemeanor, with each day of violation counting as a separate offense.[108]
Health Commissioner can impose a fine of up to $5000 on artists & shops for each violation[109]
Tattoo artists and body piercers must be registered with the Texas Department of Health[110] Tattoo and body piercing shops must be licensed[111] Texas Health and Safety Code Ann. §146[112]
Utah
none specified[113] Parent/guardian must be present during the procedure, give written permission, and provide proof of identity.[113] Parental consent not required by law for ear piercing[113] Tattooing or body piercing a minor is a class b misdemeanor, shops can be fined up to $1000 for each violation.[113] Utah Code Ann. §76-10-2201[6]
Vermont
none specified[114] Tattooists and body piercers must be registered.[114] Vt. Stat. Ann. Title 26 §4101 to 4109[6][115]
Virginia
none specified[116] Parent/Guardian must be present during the procedure.[116] Virginia law does not limit minors' ability to have their ears pierced.[116] Tattooing or body piercing a minor is a class 1 misdemeanor[116] Tattoo artists and body piercers, as well as the operators of tattoo and body piercing establishments, are licensed by the state.[117][118]
Civic/local governments are empowered to regulate tattoo and body piercing establishments.[119]
Va. Code §54.1-700 et seq.
Va. Code §15.2-912
Va. Code § 18.2-371.3.[6]
Washington
18 (piercings excepted)[120] cannot have tattoos, body piercings, or other body art.[121] Wash. Code §26.28.085[120]
Wash. Code § 18.300[122]
Wash. Code § 246-145-001 to 060[123]
Wash. Code §70.54[124]
West Virginia
none specified[125] parent/guardian must give written consent[125] All persons receiving a tattoo must attest they are not under the influence of drugs or alcohol.[125] Tattoo shop owners and body piercing studios must register with local board of health, and must be registered as a business with the state[126][127][128] W. Va. Code §16-37
W. Va. Code §16-38[129]
Wisconsin
18[130] n/a (tattooing not permitted under 18) Physicians in the course of professional practice are exempt no restriction Tattooing a minor or even offering to do so is subject to a fine of up to $200 Artists must be satisfy training requirements and obtain a license from the health department. Establishments are subject to inspection and licensing[131] Wisconsin Statutes & Annotations 948.70 and 252.235
Wyoming
none specified[132] Verbal consent, presence during procedure.[132] Procedures performed under the supervision of a licensed physician, and piercing of the ear, do not count as body art for this law. no restriction[132] Misdemeanor criminal offense, punishable by fine and prison time[132] Wyoming Statute §14-3-107[132]
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^ Jump up to: a b http://www.gencourt.state.nh.us/rsa/html/XXX/314-A/314-A-8.htm
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^ Jump up to: a b "Section 2C:40-21 - Tattooing of a minor; parental permission, required :: 2013 New Jersey Revised Statutes :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
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^ Jump up to: a b "New Mexico Administrative Code 16.36.5". New Mexico Administrative Code. Retrieved 2015-06-29. the signature of the client and, if the client is a minor, written proof of parental or legal guardian presence and consent;
^ Jump up to: a b "ARTICLE 17B Body Art Safe Practices Act". public.nmcompcomm.us. Retrieved 2015-06-29.
Jump up ^ "Section 260.21 of New York State Penal Law - Unlawfully Dealing with a Child in the Second Degree". ny.gov.
^ Jump up to: a b "Article 4-A Regulation of Body Piercing and Tattooing". ny.gov.
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^ Jump up to: a b c http://www.ncga.state.nc.us/EnactedLegislation/Statutes/PDF/ByArticle/Chapter_14/Article_52.pdf
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^ Jump up to: a b c http://www.legis.nd.gov/cencode/t12-1c31.pdf?20150627113430
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^ Jump up to: a b c d "Lawriter - ORC". ohio.gov.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "§21-842.1. Performing or offering to perform body piercing or tattooing on child under 18 years—Definitions. :: 2014 Oklahoma Statutes :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Oregon Secretary of State Archives Division". state.or.us.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d "Oregon Secretary of State Archives Division". state.or.us.
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^ Jump up to: a b c "6311 - Tattooing and body piercing. :: 2010 Pennsylvania Code :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "§ 11-9-15 Tattooing of minors. :: CHAPTER 11-9 Children :: Title 11 Criminal Offenses :: 2010 Rhode Island General Laws :: Rhode Island General Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Section 23-1-39 - Tattooing and/or body piercing. :: 2014 Rhode Island General Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Section 44-34-100 - Unlawful acts; penalties. :: 2012 South Carolina Code of Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b c "SECTION 44-32-120. Minors or persons impaired by drugs, alcohol, or otherwise incapable of consenting; unhealthy skin surfaces; penalty. :: 2014 South Carolina Code of Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b "CHAPTER 32 - BODY PIERCING :: 2014 South Carolina Code of Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
Jump up ^ "Section 44-34-20 - Establishment of sterilization, sanitation, and safety standards; licensing; engaging in other retail business. :: 2012 South Carolina Code of Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
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^ Jump up to: a b c "§ 26-10-19 Tattooing minor without parental consent as misdemeanor. :: 2014 South Dakota Codified Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
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^ Jump up to: a b c "§ 9-34-17 Tattooing and body piercing. :: 2014 South Dakota Codified Laws :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e "§ 62-38-211 - Tattoos for persons under 18 years of age -- Reporting tattooing of minors -- Tattoos to cover up existing tattoos for minors 16 years of age or older -- False statements of age or exhibiting false identification by minors for purpose of obtaining tattoos. :: 2014 Tennessee Code :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
^ Jump up to: a b "§ 62-38-305 - Minimum age for procedure -- Exception authorized with consent -- Recordkeeping. :: 2014 Tennessee Code :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d e "TEX HS. CODE ANN. § 146.012 : Texas Statutes - Section 146.012: TATTOOS PROHIBITED FOR CERTAIN PERSONS". Findlaw.
^ Jump up to: a b c "TEX HS. CODE ANN. § 146.0125 : Texas Statutes - Section 146.0125: BODY PIERCING PROHIBITED WITHOUT PARENTAL CONSENT; EXCEPTION". Findlaw.
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^ Jump up to: a b "RCW 26.28.085: Applying tattoo to a minor — Penalty". wa.gov.
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Jump up ^ "Chapter 246-145 WAC: BODY ART, BODY PIERCING, ELECTROLOGY AND TATTOOING STANDARDS FOR STERILIZATION PROCEDURES AND INFECTION CONTROL". wa.gov.
Jump up ^ "Chapter 70.54 RCW: MISCELLANEOUS HEALTH AND SAFETY PROVISIONS". wa.gov.
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Jump up ^ "§16-37-3. Registration requirements; inspections by local boards of health; posting of permit; power of local board of health to order studio to close. :: 2014 West Virginia Code :: US Codes and Statutes :: US Law :: Justia". Justia Law.
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