text:
Stress management
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Stress management is a wide spectrum of techniques and psychotherapies aimed at controlling a person's level of stress, especially chronic stress, usually for the purpose of improving everyday functioning. In this context, the term 'stress' refers only to a stress with significant negative consequences, or distress in the terminology advocated by Hans Selye, rather than what he calls eustress, a stress whose consequences are helpful or otherwise.
Stress produces numerous physical and mental symptoms which vary according to each individual's situational factors. These can include physical health decline as well as depression. The process of stress management is named as one of the keys to a happy and successful life in modern society.[1] Although life provides numerous demands that can prove difficult to handle, stress management provides a number of ways to manage anxiety and maintain overall well-being.
Despite stress often being thought of as a subjective experience, levels of stress are readily measurable, using various physiological tests, similar to those used in polygraphs.
Many practical stress management techniques are available, some for use by health professionals and others, for self-help, which may help an individual reduce their levels of stress, provide positive feelings of control over one's life and promote general well-being.
Evaluating the effectiveness of various stress management techniques can be difficult, as limited research currently exists. Consequently, the amount and quality of evidence for the various techniques varies widely. Some are accepted as effective treatments for use in psychotherapy, while others with less evidence favoring them are considered alternative therapies. Many professional organizations exist to promote and provide training in conventional or alternative therapies.
There are several models of stress management, each with distinctive explanations of mechanisms for controlling stress. Much more research is necessary to provide a better understanding of which mechanisms actually operate and are effective in practice.
Contents
[hide]
1 Historical foundations
2 Models
2.1 Transactional model
2.2 Health realization/innate health model
3 Techniques
3.1 Stress prevention and resilience
3.2 Measuring stress
3.3 Effectiveness
4 Types of stress
4.1 Acute stress
4.2 Chronic stress
5 Workplace
5.1 Medical environment
5.2 Stress management programs
5.3 Aviation industry
5.3.1 Measurement systems
5.3.2 Pilot stress report systems
6 References
Historical foundations[edit]
Walter Cannon and Hans Selye used animal studies to establish the earliest scientific basis for the study of stress. They measured the physiological responses of animals to external pressures, such as heat and cold, prolonged restraint, and surgical procedures, then extrapolated from these studies to human beings.[2][3]
Subsequent studies of stress in humans by Richard Rahe and others established the view that stress is caused by distinct, measurable life stressors, and further, that these life stressors can be ranked by the median degree of stress they produce (leading to the Holmes and Rahe stress scale). Thus, stress was traditionally conceptualized to be a result of external insults beyond the control of those experiencing the stress. More recently, however, it has been argued that external circumstances do not have any intrinsic capacity to produce stress, but instead their effect is mediated by the individual's perceptions, capacities, and understanding.
Models[edit]
The generalized models are:
The emergency response/fight-or-flight response by Walter Cannon (1914, 1932)
General Adaptation Syndrome by Hans Selye (1936)
Stress Model of Henry
Transactional (or cognitive) Stress Model / stress model of Lazarus after Lazarus (1974)
Theory of resource conservation by Stevan Hobfoll (1988, 1998; Hobfoll & Buchwald, 2004)
Transactional model[edit]
Transactional Model of Stress and Coping of Richard Lazarus
Richard Lazarus and Susan Folkman suggested in 1981 that stress can be thought of as resulting from an "imbalance between demands and resources" or as occurring when "pressure exceeds one's perceived ability to cope". Stress management was developed and premised on the idea that stress is not a direct response to a stressor but rather one's resources and ability to cope mediate the stress response and are amenable to change, thus allowing stress to be controllable.[4]
Among the many stressors mentioned by employees, these are the most common:
Conflicts in company
The way employees are treated by their bosses/supervisors or company
Lack of job security
Company policies
Co-workers who don't do their fair share
Unclear expectations
Poor communication
Not enough control over assignments
Inadequate pay or benefits
Urgent deadlines
Too much work
Long hours
Uncomfortable physical conditions
Relationship conflicts
Co-workers making careless mistakes
Dealing with rude customers
Lack of co-operation
How the company treats co-workers[5]
In order to develop an effective stress management program it is first necessary to identify the factors that are central to a person controlling his/her stress, and to identify the intervention methods which effectively target these factors. Lazarus and Folkman's interpretation of stress focuses on the transaction between people and their external environment (known as the Transactional Model). The model contends that stress may not be a stressor if the person does not perceive the stressor as a threat but rather as positive or even challenging. Also, if the person possesses or can use adequate coping skills, then stress may not actually be a result or develop because of the stressor. The model proposes that people can be taught to manage their stress and cope with their stressors. They may learn to change their perspective of the stressor and provide them with the ability and confidence to improve their lives and handle all of types of stressors.
Health realization/innate health model[edit]
The health realization/innate health model of stress is also founded on the idea that stress does not necessarily follow the presence of a potential stressor. Instead of focusing on the individual's appraisal of so-called stressors in relation to his or her own coping skills (as the transactional model does), the health realization model focuses on the nature of thought, stating that it is ultimately a person's thought processes that determine the response to potentially stressful external circumstances. In this model, stress results from appraising oneself and one's circumstances through a mental filter of insecurity and negativity, whereas a feeling of well-being results from approaching the world with a "quiet mind".[6][7]
This model proposes that helping stressed individuals understand the nature of thought—especially providing them with the ability to recognize when they are in the grip of insecure thinking, disengage from it, and access natural positive feelings—will reduce their stress.
Techniques[edit]
High demand levels load the person with extra effort and work. A new time schedule is worked up, and until the period of abnormally high, personal demand has passed, the normal frequency and duration of former schedules is limited.
Many techniques cope with the stresses life brings. Some of the following ways reduce a lower than usual stress level, temporarily, to compensate the biological tissues involved; others face the stressor at a higher level of abstraction:
Autogenic training
Social activity
Cognitive therapy
Conflict resolution
Cranial release technique
Getting a hobby
Meditation
Mindfulness
Music as a coping strategy
Deep breathing
Yoga Nidra
Nootropics
Reading novels
Prayer
Relaxation techniques
Artistic expression
Fractional relaxation
Humour
Physical exercise
Progressive relaxation
Spas
Somatics training
Spending time in nature
Stress balls
Natural medicine
Clinically validated alternative treatments
Time management
Planning and decision making
Listening to certain types of relaxing music[8][9]
Spending quality time with pets
Techniques of stress management will vary according to the philosophical paradigm.[10][11]
Stress prevention and resilience[edit]
Although many techniques have traditionally been developed to deal with the consequences of stress, considerable research has also been conducted on the prevention of stress, a subject closely related to psychological resilience-building. A number of self-help approaches to stress-prevention and resilience-building have been developed, drawing mainly on the theory and practice of cognitive-behavioral therapy.[12]
Measuring stress[edit]
Levels of stress can be measured. One way is through the use of psychological testing: The Holmes and Rahe Stress Scale [two scales of measuring stress] is used to rate stressful life events, while the DASS [Depression Anxiety Stress Scales] contains a scale for stress based on self-report items. Changes in blood pressure and galvanic skin response can also be measured to test stress levels, and changes in stress levels. A digital thermometer can be used to evaluate changes in skin temperature, which can indicate activation of the fight-or-flight response drawing blood away from the extremities. Cortisol is the main hormone released during a stress response and measuring cortisol from hair will give a 60- to 90-day baseline stress level of an individual. This method of measuring stress is currently the most popular method in the clinic.
Effectiveness[edit]
Stress management has physiological and immune benefits.[13]
Positive outcomes are observed using a combination of non-drug interventions:[14]
treatment of anger or hostility,
autogenic training
talking therapy (around relationship or existential issues)
biofeedback
cognitive therapy for anxiety or clinical depression
Types of stress[edit]
Acute stress[edit]
Acute stress is the most common form of stress among humans worldwide.
Acute stress deals with the pressures of the near future or dealing with the very recent past. This type of stress is often misinterpreted for being a negative connotation. While this is the case in some circumstances, it is also a good thing to have some acute stress in life. Running or any other form of exercise is considered an acute stressor. Some exciting or exhilarating experiences such as riding a roller coaster is an acute stress but is usually very enjoyable. Acute stress is a short term stress and as a result, does not have enough time to do the damage that long term stress causes.[15]
Chronic stress[edit]
Chronic stress is unlike acute stress. It has a wearing effect on people that can become a very serious health risk if it continues over a long period of time. Chronic stress can lead to memory loss, damage spatial recognition and produce a decreased drive of eating. The severity varies from person to person and also gender difference can be an underlying factor. Women are able to take longer durations of stress than men without showing the same maladaptive changes. Men can deal with shorter stress duration better than women can but once males hit a certain threshold, the chances of them developing mental issues increases drastically.[16]
Workplace[edit]
Stress in the workplace is a commonality throughout the world in every business.[citation needed] Managing that stress becomes vital in order to keep up job performance as well as relationship with co-workers and employers.[17] For some workers, changing the work environment relieves work stress. Making the environment less competitive between employees decreases some amounts of stress. However, each person is different and some people like the pressure to perform better.
Salary can be an important concern of employees. Salary can affect the way people work because they can aim for promotion and in result, a higher salary. This can lead to chronic stress.[citation needed]
Cultural differences have also shown to have some major effects on stress coping problems. Eastern Asian employees may deal with certain work situations differently from how a Western North American employee would.[citation needed]
In order to manage stress in the workplace, employers can provide stress managing programs[18] such as therapy, communication programs, and a more flexible work schedule.[19]
Medical environment[edit]
A study was done on the stress levels in general practitioners and hospital consultants in 1999. Over 500 medical employees participated in this study done by R.P Caplan. These results showed that 47% of the workers scored high on their questionnaire for high levels of stress. 27% of the general practitioners even scored to be very depressed. These numbers came to a surprise to Dr. Caplan and it showed how alarming the large number of medical workers become stressed out because of their jobs. Managers stress levels were not as high as the actual practitioners themselves. An eye opening statistic showed that nearly 54% of workers suffered from anxiety while being in the hospital. Although this was a small sample size for hospitals around the world, Caplan feels this trend is probably fairly accurate across the majority of hospitals.[20]
Stress management programs[edit]
Many businesses today have begun to use stress management programs for employees who are having trouble adapting to stress at the workplace or at home. Some companies provide special equipments adapting to stress at the workplace to their employees, like coloring diaries[21] and stress relieving gadgets.[22] Many people have spill over stress from home into their working environment. There are a couple of ways businesses today try to alleviate stress on their employees. One way is individual intervention. This starts off by monitoring the stressors in the individual. After monitoring what causes the stress, next is attacking that stressor and trying to figure out ways to alleviate them in any way. Developing social support is vital in individual intervention, being with others to help you cope has proven to be a very effective way to avoid stress. Avoiding the stressors altogether is the best possible way to get rid of stress but that is very difficult to do in the workplace. Changing behavioral patterns, may in turn, help reduce some of the stress that is put on at work as well.
Employee assistance programs can include in-house counseling programs on managing stress. Evaluative research has been conducted on EAPs that teach individual stress control and inoculation techniques such as relaxation, biofeedback, and cognitive restructuring. Studies show that these programs can reduce the level of physiological arousal associated with high stress. Participants who master behavioral and cognitive stress-relief techniques report less tension, fewer sleep disturbances, and an improved ability to cope with workplace stressors.[23]
Another way of reducing stress at work is by simply changing the workload for an employee. Some may be too overwhelmed that they have so much work to get done, or some also may have such little work that they are not sure what to do with themselves at work. Improving communications between employees also sounds like a simple approach, but it is very effective for helping reduce stress. Sometimes making the employee feel like they are a bigger part of the company, such as giving them a voice in bigger situations shows that you trust them and value their opinion. Having all the employees mesh well together is a very underlying factor which can take away much of workplace stress. If employees fit well together and feed off of each other, the chances of lots of stress is very minimal. Lastly, changing the physical qualities of the workplace may reduce stress. Changing things such as the lighting, air temperature, odor, and up to date technology.
Intervention is broken down into three steps: primary, secondary, tertiary. Primary deals with eliminating the stressors altogether. Secondary deals with detecting stress and figuring out ways to cope with it and improving stress management skills. Finally, tertiary deals with recovery and rehabbing the stress altogether. These three steps are usually the most effective way to deal with stress not just in the workplace, but overall.[24]
Aviation industry[edit]
Aviation is a high-stress industry, given that it requires a high level of precision at all times. Chronically high stress levels can ultimately decrease performance and compromise safety.[25] To be effective, stress measurement tools must be specific to the aviation industry, given its unique working environment and other stressors.[26] Stress measurement in aviation seeks to quantify the psychological stress experienced by aviators, with the goal of making needed improvements to aviators' coping and stress management skills.[26]
To more precisely measure stress, aviators' many responsibilities are broken down into "workloads." This helps to categorise the broad concept of "stress" by specific stressors.[27] Additionally, since different workloads may pose unique stressors, this method may be more effective than measuring stress levels as a whole. Stress measurement tools can then help aviators identify which stressors are most problematic for them, and help them improve on managing workloads, planning tasks, and coping with stress more effectively.
To evaluate workload, a number of tools can be used. The major types of measurement tools are:
Performance-based measures;
Subjective measures, like questionnaires which aviators answer themselves; and
Physiological measures, like measurement of heart rate.[26]
Implementation of evaluation tools requires time, instruments for measurement, and software for collecting data.[26]
Measurement systems[edit]
The most commonly used stress measurement systems are primarily rating scale-based. These systems tend to be complex, containing multiple levels with a variety of sections, to attempt to capture the many stressors present in the aviation industry. Different systems may be utilised in different operational specialties.
The Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) – The PSS is a widely used subjective tool for measuring stress levels.[28] It consists of 10 questions, and asks participants to rate, on a five-point scale, how stressed they felt after a certain event. All 10 questions are summed to obtain a total score from 0 to 40.[29] In the aviation industry, for example, it has been used with flight training students to measure how stressed they felt after flight training exercises.[29]
The Coping Skills Inventory – This inventory measures aviators' skills for coping with stress. This is another subjective measure, asking participants to rate, on a five-point scale, the extent to which they use eight common coping skills:[29] Substance abuse, Emotional support, Instrumental support (help with tangible things, like child care, finances, or task sharing), Positive reframing (changing one's thinking about a negative event, and thinking of it as a positive instead), Self-blame, Planning, Humour and Religion. An individual's total score indicates the extent to which he or she is using effective, positive coping skills (like humor and emotional support); ineffective, negative coping skills (like substance abuse and self-blame); and where the individual could improve.
The Subjective Workload Assessment Technique (SWAT) – SWAT is a rating system used to measure individuals' perceived mental workload while performing a task, like developing instruments in a lab, multitasking aircraft duties, or conducting air defense.[30] SWAT combines measurements and scaling techniques to develop a global rating scale.
Pilot stress report systems[edit]
Early pilot stress report systems were adapted and modified from existing psychological questionnaires and surveys.[31] The data from these pilot-specific surveys is then processed and analyzed through an aviation-focused system or scale. Pilot-oriented questionnaires are generally designed to study work stress or home stress.[31] Self-report can also be used to measure a combination of home stress, work stress, and perceived performance. A study conducted by Fiedler, Della Rocco, Schroeder and Nguyen (2000) used Sloan and Cooper's modification of the Alkov questionnaire to explore aviators' perceptions of the relationship between different types of stress. The results indicated that pilots believed performance was impaired when home stress carried over to the work environment. The degree of home stress that carried over to work environment was significantly and negatively related to flying performance items, such as planning, control, and accuracy of landings. The questionnaire was able to reflect pilots' retroactive perceptions and the accuracy of these perceptions.[32]
Alkov, Borowsky, and Gaynor started a 22-item questionnaire for U.S. Naval aviators in 1982 to test the hypothesis that inadequate stress coping strategies contributed to flight mishaps.[31] The questionnaire consists of items related to lifestyle changes and personality characteristics. After completing the questionnaire, the test group is divided into two groups: "at-fault" with mishap, and "not-at-fault" in a mishap. Then, questionnaires from these two groups were analyzed to examine differences.[33] A study of British commercial airline pilots, conducted by Sloan and Cooper (1986), surveyed 1,000 pilot members from the British Airline Pilots' Association (BALPA). They used a modified version of Alkov, Borowsky, and Gaynor's questionnaire to collect data on pilots' perceptions of the relationship between stress and performance. Being a subjective measure, this study's data was based on pilots' perceptions, and thus rely on how accurately they recall past experiences their relationships to stress. Despite relying on subjective perceptions and memories, the study showed that pilot reports are noteworthy.[31]
Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) is another scale used in many industries, including the mental health professions, to screen for depressive symptoms.[34]
Parsa and Kapadia (1997) used the BDI to survey a group of 57 U.S. Air Force fighter pilots who had flown combat operations.[31] The adaptation of the BDI to the aviation field was problematic. However, the study revealed some unexpected findings. The results indicated that 89% of the pilots reported insomnia; 86% reported irritability; 63%, dissatisfaction; 38%, guilt; and 35%, loss of libido. 50% of two squadrons and 33% of another squadron scored above 9 on the BDI, suggesting at least low levels of depression. Such measurement may be difficult to interpret accurately.[why?]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Paul Susic MA Licensed Psychologist Candidate. "Stress Management: What can you do?". St. Louis Psychologists and Counseling Information and Referral. Retrieved February 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Cannon, W. (1939). The Wisdom of the Body, 2nd ed., NY: Norton Pubs.
Jump up ^ Selye, H (1950). "Stress and the general adaptation syndrome". Br. Med. J. 1 (4667): 1383–92. doi:10.1136/bmj.1.4667.1383. PMC 2038162  . PMID 15426759.
Jump up ^ Lazarus, R.S., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal and Coping. New York: Springer.
Jump up ^ Somaz, Wenk Heidi & Tulgan, Bruce (2003). Performance Under Pressure: Managing Stress in the Workplace.Canada. HRD Press Inc.p 7-8. ISBN 0-87425-741-7
Jump up ^ Mills, R.C. (1995). Realizing Mental Health: Toward a new Psychology of Resiliency. Sulberger & Graham Publishing, Ltd. ISBN 0-945819-78-1
Jump up ^ Sedgeman, J.A. (2005). Health Realization/Innate Health: Can a quiet mind and a positive feeling state be accessible over the lifespan without stress-relief techniques? Med. Sci. Monitor 11(12) HY47-52. [1]
Jump up ^ Lehrer, Paul M.; David H. (FRW) Barlow, Robert L. Woolfolk, Wesley E. Sime (2007). Principles and Practice of Stress Management, Third Edition. pp. 46–47. ISBN 1-59385-000-X. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Leubner, D., and Hinterberger, T. (2017). “Reviewing the Effectiveness of Music Interventions in Treating Depression.” Front Psychol.eCollection 2017 Jul 7;8:1109. PMID 28736539 doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.01109
Jump up ^ Dubbed "Destressitizers" by The Journal of the Canadian Medical Association
Jump up ^ Spence, JD; Barnett, PA; Linden, W; Ramsden, V; Taenzer, P (1999). "Lifestyle modifications to prevent and control hypertension. 7. Recommendations on stress management. Canadian Hypertension Society, Canadian Coalition for High Blood Pressure Prevention and Control, Laboratory Centre for Disease Control at Health Canada, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada". Canadian Medical Association Journal. 160 (9 Suppl): S46–50. PMC 1230339  . PMID 10333853.
Jump up ^ Robertson, D (2012). Build your Resilience. London: Hodder. ISBN 978-1444168716.
Jump up ^ Bower, J. E. & Segerstrom, S.C. (2004). "Stress management, finding benefit, and immune function: positive mechanisms for intervention effects on physiology". Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 56 (1): 9–11. doi:10.1016/S0022-3999(03)00120-X. PMID 14987958.
Jump up ^ Wolfgang Linden; Joseph W. Lenz; Andrea H. Con (2001). "Individualized Stress Management for Primary Hypertension: A Randomized Trial". Arch Intern Med. 161 (8): 1071–1080. doi:10.1001/archinte.161.8.1071. PMID 11322841.
Jump up ^ McGonagle, Katherine; Ronald Kessler (October 1990). "Chronic Stress, Acute Stress, Depressive Symptoms". American Journal of Community Psychology. 18 (5): 681–706. doi:10.1007/BF00931237.
Jump up ^ Bowman, Rachel; Beck, Kevin D; Luine, Victoria N (January 2003). "Chronic Stress Effects on Memory: Sex differences in performance". Hormones and Behavior. 43 (1): 48–59. doi:10.1016/S0018-506X(02)00022-3.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-03-10. Retrieved 2016-03-09.
Jump up ^ http://www.ofai.co.uk/office-stress-management.html
Jump up ^ Nordic Labour Journal: Avoiding change-induced stress in the workplace
Jump up ^ Caplan, R.P (November 1994). "Stress, Anxiety, and Depression in Hospital Consultants, General Practitioners, and Senior Health Managers". BMJ. 309 (6964): 1261–1269. doi:10.1136/bmj.309.6964.1261.
Jump up ^ "Anti stress diary with adult coloring pages".
Jump up ^ "20 Gadgets to Help You Fight Stress - Hongkiat Magazine".
Jump up ^ Schultz&Schultz, D (2010). Psychology and work today. New York: Prentice Hall. p. 374.
Jump up ^ Hardy, Sally (1998). Occupational Stress: Personal & Professional Approaches. United Kingdom: Stanley Thornes ltd. pp. 18–43.
Jump up ^ Woldring, Michael (1996-03-15). "Human Factors Module: Stress" (PDF). European organisation for the safety of air navigation. 1: 3–16.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Lehrer, P; Karavidas, M; Lu, SE; Vaschillo, E; Vaschillo, B; Cheng, A (May 2010). "Cardiac data increase association between self-report and both expert ratings of task load and task performance in flight simulator tasks: An exploratory study". International Journal of Psychophysiology. 76 (2): 80–7. doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2010.02.006. PMID 20172000.
Jump up ^ Biondi, M; Picardi, A (1999). "Psychological stress and neuroendocrine function in humans: The last two decades of research". Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics. 68 (3): 114–50. doi:10.1159/000012323. PMID 10224513.
Jump up ^ Langan-Fox, J; Sankey, M; Canty, JM (October 2009). "Human factors measurement for future air traffic control systems". Human Factors. 51 (5): 595–637. doi:10.1177/0018720809355278. PMID 20196289.
^ Jump up to: a b c Kirschner, J; Young, J; Fanjoy, R (2014). "Stress and coping as a function of experience level in collegiate flight students". Journal of Aviation Technology and Engineering. 3 (2): 14–19. doi:10.7771/2159-6670.1092.
Jump up ^ Corwin, W.H. (1992-04-01). "In-flight and post flight assessment of pilot workload in commercial transport aircraft using the subjective workload assessment technique". The International Journal of Aviation Psychology. 2 (2): 77–93. doi:10.1207/s15327108ijap0202_1.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Young, James (December 2008). The Effects of Life-Stress on Pilot Performance (PDF) (Report). NASA Ames Research Center. pp. 1–7.
Jump up ^ Muller, Ronald; Andreas Wittmer; Christopher Drax, eds. (2014). Aviation Risk and Safety Management: Methods and Applications In Aviation Organizations. Springer International. ISBN 978-3-319-02779-1.
Jump up ^ O'Connor, Paul E.; Cohn, Joseph V., eds. (2010). Human Performance Enhancement in High-Risk Environments: Insights, Developments, and Future Directions from Military Research. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 978-0-313-35983-5.
Jump up ^ Barralabc, C; Rodríguez-Cintasb, L; Martínez-Lunaabc, Nieves; Bachillerabc, D; et al. (2014-11-13). "Reliability of the Beck Depression Inventory in opiate-dependent patients". Journal of Substance Abuse: 1–6. doi:10.3109/14659891.2014.980859.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stress_management&oldid=834039072"
Categories:
Stress
Management by type
Psychotherapy
Psychiatric treatments
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list
Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
Pages using Columns-list with deprecated parameters
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2014
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2013
Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
हिन्दी
Bahasa Indonesia
日本語
Polski
සිංහල
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
தமிழ்
ไทย
اردو
Tiếng Việt
中文
9 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 3 April 2018, at 16:37.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Stress_(psychological)
mw-redirect
Stress (psychological)

value: sup

values:
/wiki/Walter_Cannon
mw-redirect
Walter Cannon

values:
/wiki/Coping_skills
mw-redirect
Coping skills

values: Edit section: Health realization/innate health model

values:
/wiki/Coping_skill
mw-redirect
Coping skill

values:
/wiki/Biological_tissue
mw-redirect
Biological tissue

values:
/wiki/Social_relations
mw-redirect
Social relations

values:
/wiki/Cranial_release_technique
mw-redirect
Cranial release technique

values:
/wiki/Mindfulness_(psychology)
mw-redirect
Mindfulness (psychology)

values:
/wiki/Deep_breathing
mw-redirect
Deep breathing

values:
/wiki/Progressive_relaxation
mw-redirect
Progressive relaxation

values:
/wiki/Attention_Restoration_Theory
mw-redirect
Attention Restoration Theory

values:
/wiki/Natural_medicine
mw-redirect
Natural medicine

values: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

values: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

values: Edit section: Stress prevention and resilience

values:
/wiki/Galvanic_skin_response
mw-redirect
Galvanic skin response

values:
/wiki/Digital_thermometer
mw-redirect
Digital thermometer

values:
/wiki/Clinical_depression
mw-redirect
Clinical depression

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2014)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2013)

values: Edit section: Stress management programs

values:
/wiki/Employee_assistance_programs
mw-redirect
Employee assistance programs

values: Edit section: Pilot stress report systems

values:
/wiki/U.S._Air_Force
mw-redirect
U.S. Air Force

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.1.4667.1383

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15426759

values: Category:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10333853

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14987958

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1001%2Farchinte.161.8.1071

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11322841

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1007%2FBF00931237

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136%2Fbmj.309.6964.1261

values:
nofollow
external text
http://coloringnotebook.com

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20172000

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1159%2F000012323

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10224513

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20196289

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.7771%2F2159-6670.1092

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1207%2Fs15327108ijap0202_1

values: Category:Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters

values: Category:Pages using Columns-list with deprecated parameters

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2014

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2013

values: Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from December 2015

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Stress_management
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: التعامل مع الضغوط – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: مدیریت استرس – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: तनाव प्रबंधन – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-si
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values: மன அழுத்த நிர்வகிப்பு – Tamil

values: การจัดการความเครียด – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: تناؤ کا نظم – Urdu

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Stress_management rootpage-Stress_management skin-vector action-view


text:
Ali (name)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For Ali ibn Abi Talib, see Ali. For other uses, see Ali (disambiguation).
Ali
Pronunciation
Arabic: [ˈʕaliː]
Persian: [ʔæˈliː]
Turkish: [ˈɑli]
Hindustani: [ʔəˈliː]
Finnish: [ɑli]
Gender
Male
Language(s)
Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Urdu, Finnish, others
Origin
Meaning
Islamic: High, exalted, champion, noble
Finnish: Diminutive of Alexander (other languages)
Other names
Variant form(s)
Aly, Alli, Alley, Allie, Ally
Ali (Arabic: علي, ʿAlī) is a male Arabic name derived from the Arabic root ʕ-l-w, which literally means "high" , "elevated" or "champion". It is a common name in Arab countries and the rest of the Muslim world. Islamic traditional use of the name goes back to the Islamic leader Ali ibn Abi Talib but the name is identical in form and meaning to the Hebrew: עֵלִי, Eli, which goes back to the High Priest Eli in the biblical Books of Samuel.
The name Ali also arises in other traditions. Among English-speakers as short for male and female names starting with "Al-", or the Old Norse man's name Áli. It can also be an English nickname, as a shortened form of Alice, Alison, Alistair, Alexander, or Alexandra.
Ali is also a Finnish male given name, derived from Aleksanteri.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Islam
2 Given name
2.1 Males
2.2 Females
3 Surname
4 Derived names
4.1 Male
4.2 Female
5 Entertainment
5.1 Stage name or pseudonym
5.2 Fictional characters
6 See also
7 References
Islam[edit]
al-'Ali (The Sublimely Exalted), one of the 99 names of God in Islam
Ali ('Ali ibn Abi Talib), cousin and son-in-law of the Islamic prophet Muhammad, the fourth Caliph of Islam and the first infallible imam (leader) in Twelver Shi'a thought.
'Ali ibn Husayn (Zayn al-Abidin), fourth infallible imam in Twelver Shi'a thought, grandson of Ali ibn Abi Talib
'Ali ibn Musa (ar-Reza), eighth infallible imam in Twelver Shi'a thought.
'Ali ibn Muhammad (al-Hadi), tenth infallible imam in Twelver Shi'a thought.
Given name[edit]
Males[edit]
Ali al-Sistani, Highest-ranking Iraqi religious leader
Ali (actor), Telugu comedian and TV presenter
Ali (French rapper)
Ali (American rapper), aka Ali Jones, American rapper
Ali (South Korean singer)
Ali (graffiti artist)
Ali Aaltonen, Finnish Red Guard commander
Ali Abu Awwad, Palestinian pacifist
Ali Akbar Navis, Indonesian author
Ali Akdemir, Turkish scientist
Ali al-Abdallah, Syrian writer and human rights activist
Ali Alanç (born 1959), Turkish football manager
Ali Alatas, Indonesian diplomat
Ali Annabi, Tunisian fencer
Ali Babacan, Turkish politician
Ali Bacher, South African cricket batsman & administrator
Ali Kemal Bey, Turkish journalist, newspaper editor and poet
Ali Kireş, Turkish footballer
Ali Bozer, Turkish politician
Ali Brownlee (1959–2016), English sportscaster
Ali Çetinkaya, Turkish Army officer
Ali Daei (born 1969), Iranian footballer
Ali al-Dandachi, Syrian scout leader
Ali Demić, Bosnian basketball player
Ali Eren Demirezen (born 1990), Turkish amateur boxer
Ali Dizaei (born 1962), Anglo-Iranian police officer and criminal
Ali Džabič (1853–1918), Bosnian mufti
Ali Erdemir, Turkish scientist
Ali Fadel, Iraqi politician
Ali Farokhmanesh (born 1988), American basketball player and coach
Ali Güneş, Turkish footballer
Ali Hassan al-Majid (1941–2010), Iraqi politician and mass murderer
Ali İsmet Öztürk (born 1964), Turkish aerobatics pilot
Ali Jarbawi, Palestinian politician
Ali Kaya (born Stanley Kiprotich Mukche in 1994), Kenyan-Turkish long-distance runner
Ali Kaya (serial killer) (born 1979), Turkish serial killer
Ali Khademhosseini (born 1975), Iranian-Canadian bioengineer
Ali Kordan (1958–2009), Iranian politician
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi, 11th century physician
Ali Moulana, Sri Lankan politician, chairman of Eravur Urban Council
Ali Maksum, Indonesian Islamic leader
Ali Marpet (born 1993), American football player in the NFL
Ali Marwi, Kuwaiti footballer
Ali Noorzad, Afghan basketball player
Ali Nuhić, German-born Bosnian footballer
Ali Ölmez, Turkish footballer
Ali Omari, Afghan footballer
Ali Özgentürk, Turkish film director
Ali Öztürk (footballer born 1986), Turkish footballer
Ali Öztürk (footballer born 1987), Turkish footballer
Ali Qanso, Lebanese politician
Ali ibn Ridwan, 11th century astrologer
Ali Saad (actor), Lebanese actor and voice actor
Ali Sabancı, Turkish businessman
Ali Sadikin, Indonesian politician
Ali Said Raygal, Somali politician
Ali Saleem, Pakistani television host
Ali Salem, Egyptian playwright
Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari
Ali Sami Yen, Turkish Association Football entrepreneur
Ali Sarı (born 1986), Turkish taekwondo practitioner
Ali Sastroamidjojo, 8th and 10th Prime Minister of Indonesia
Ali Shahalom, British-Bangladeshi comedian
Ali Shayegan (1903–1981), Iranian politician
Ali Tandoğan, Turkish footballer
Ali Tayebnia (born 1960), Iranian academic and politician
Ali Turan, Turkish footballer
Ali Williams (born 1981), New Zealand rugby union player
Ali Yafie, Indonesian Islamic leader
Ali Yusuf Kenadid, Somali Sultan of the Sultanate of Hobyo
Ali Nihat Yazıcı, Turkish Chess official
Ali I of Yejju (died 1788), Ethiopian leader
Ali II of Yejju (c. 1819 – c. 1866), Ethiopian leader
Ali Al-Zein (born 1949), Lebanese actor and voice actor
Middle name
Abbas Ali Khalatbari (1912–1979), Iranian diplomat
Lotf Ali Khan (c. 1769–1794), last Shah of the Zand dynasty, of Persia
Females[edit]
Ali Krieger (born 1984), American soccer player
Ali Landry (born 1973), American model and actress
Ali Larter (born 1976), American actress
Ali Lee (born 1982), Hong Kong actress
Ali Lohan (born 1993), American model and actress
Ali MacGraw (born 1939), American actress
Ali Michael (born 1990), American fashion model
Ali Riley (born 1987), American-born New Zealand soccer player
Surname[edit]
Aamir Ali, Indian television actor
Abdulaziz Ali (born 1980), Qatari footballer
Ahmadu Ali (born 1936), Nigerian politician
Ahmed Ali (1910-1994), Pakistani writer
Ali (born 1968), Indian film actor
Ayaan Hirsi Ali (born 1969), writer, and politician
Begum Nawazish Ali (born 1979), Pakistani television host
Filiz Ali (born 1937), Turkish pianist
Hameen Ali (born 1977), American football player
Hassan Al-Ali, former General Secretary of the Kuwait Boy Scouts Association
Imtiaz Ali (born 1971), Indian film director
Imtiaz Ali (born 1954), former West Indian cricketer
Imtiaz Ali, Trinidadian cricketer
Laila Ali (born 1977), daughter of Muhammad Ali, female boxer
Mahershala Ali (born 1974), American actor
Meral Yıldız Ali (born 1987), Romanian-Turkish female table tennis player
Muhammad Ali (1942–2016; born Cassius Clay), American boxer
Muhammad Shamsi Ali (born 1967), Indonesian-American Muslim scholar
Noble Drew Ali (1886–1929), Founder of the Moorish Science Temple of America
Rashied Ali (1935–2009), American drummer
Rucka Rucka Ali (born 1987), American rapper, radio personality, singer, comedian, and satirist
Rushanara Ali (born 1975), British politician
Sabahattin Ali (1907-1948), Turkish novelist and journalist
Safiye Ali (1891-1952), Turkish physician
Saleem Ali (born 1973), Pakistani-American scholar
Salim Ali (1896-1987), Indian ornithologist and naturalist
Samina Ali, Indian-American author and activist
Sarfraz Ali (born c. 1977), convicted of the racially motivated murder of Ross Parker
Sayfuz Ali (born 1988), British-Bangladeshi singer-songwriter
Somy Ali (born 1976), Bollywood actress
Sonni Ali (died 1492), first king of the West African Songhai empire
Tatyana Ali (born 1979), American actress and singer
Derived names[edit]
Male[edit]
Abdul Ali
Ali Reza
Barkat Ali
Mehmet Ali
Female[edit]
Aliye
Entertainment[edit]
Stage name or pseudonym[edit]
Ali (French rapper)
Ali (graffiti artist)
Ali (American rapper), aka Ali Jones, American rapper
Ali (South Korean singer)
Ali B, Dutch rapper
Ali B (DJ), British DJ
Ali Bongo (1929–2009), stage name of British comedy magician William Wallace
Ali G, stage persona used by comedian Sacha Baron Cohen
Ali Official, British-Bangladeshi comedian
Big Ali, American rapper and DJ
Fictional characters[edit]
Ali (character), a Chinese cartoon character
Ali Baba, character described in the adventure tale of "Ali Baba and the Forty Thieves"
Ali Al-Saachez, character in the anime Gundam 00, one of the main antagonists of the show
See also[edit]
Turkish name
Alli (disambiguation)
Allie
Alley (surname)
Prince Ali (disambiguation)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kustaa Vilkuna, Marketta Huitu and Pirjo Mikkonen. Etunimet, published in Joka kodin suuri nimikirja. Suuri Suomalainen Kirjakerho, 1990.
This page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Ali_(name)&oldid=832089212"
Categories:
Given names
Surnames
Arabic-language surnames
Arabic masculine given names
Bosniak masculine given names
Bosnian masculine given names
Finnish masculine given names
Iranian masculine given names
Pakistani masculine given names
Turkish-language surnames
Turkish masculine given names
Hidden categories:
Articles containing Arabic-language text
Articles containing Hebrew-language text
All set index articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Català
Deutsch
Esperanto
فارسی
Íslenska
Italiano
Magyar
Nederlands
Norsk
Polski
Русский
Suomi
4 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 23 March 2018, at 19:36.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Ali_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Ali (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: tr

value: small

value: span

attrs: title class

values: Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

values:
/wiki/Arabic_language
mw-redirect
Arabic language

values:
/wiki/Eli_(Bible)
mw-redirect
Eli (Bible)

values:
/wiki/Zayn_al-Abidin
mw-redirect
Zayn al-Abidin

values:
/wiki/Ali_ar-Ridha
mw-redirect
Ali ar-Ridha

values:
/wiki/Ali_Kemal_Bey
mw-redirect
Ali Kemal Bey

values:
/wiki/Ali_D%C5%BEabi%C4%8D
mw-redirect
Ali Džabič

values:
/wiki/Ali_ibn_Abbas_al-Majusi
mw-redirect
Ali ibn Abbas al-Majusi

values:
/wiki/Ali_Moulana
mw-redirect
Ali Moulana

values:
/wiki/Association_Football
mw-redirect
Association Football

values:
/wiki/Abdul_Ali_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect
Abdul Ali (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Barkat_Ali_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect
Barkat Ali (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Ali_Official
mw-redirect
Ali Official

values:
/wiki/Ali_Al-Saachez
mw-redirect
Ali Al-Saachez

values:
/wiki/Alli_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect
Alli (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Prince_Ali_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Prince Ali (disambiguation)

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Family_name
mw-redirect
Family name

values: padding: 0.25em 0.4em; font-style: italic;

values: metadata plainlinks dmbox dmbox-setindex

values: Category:Pakistani masculine given names

values: Category:Articles containing Arabic-language text

values: Category:Articles containing Hebrew-language text

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Ali_(name)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali
Ali – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali
Ali – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

values: علی (نام کوچک) – Persian

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali
Ali – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ali
Ali – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Ali_name rootpage-Ali_name skin-vector action-view


text:
Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the Grimm episode, see Nobody Knows the Trubel I've Seen.
Louis Armstrong recorded his own cover of this song[citation needed]
"Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen" is an African-American spiritual song that originated during the period of slavery but was not published until 1867. The song is well known and many cover versions of it have been done by artists such as Marian Anderson, Lena Horne, Louis Armstrong, Harry James, Paul Robeson, Sam Cooke among others.[1] Anderson had her first successful recording with a version of this song on the Victor label in 1925.[2] Horne recorded a version of the song in 1946.[3] Deep River Boys recorded their version in Oslo on August 29, 1958. It was released on the extended play Negro Spirituals Vol. 1 (HMV 7EGN 27). The song was arranged by Harry Douglas.
It is one of the five spirituals included in the oratorio A Child of Our Time, first performed in 1944, by the classical composer Michael Tippett (1905–98).
Contents
[hide]
1 Traditional lyrics
2 Variations
3 Classic variations
4 In popular culture
5 References
6 External links
Traditional lyrics[edit]
Nobody knows the trouble I've been through
Nobody knows my sorrow
Nobody knows the trouble I've seen
Glory hallelujah!
Sometimes I'm up, sometimes I'm down
Oh, yes, Lord
Sometimes I'm almost to the ground
Oh, yes, Lord
Although you see me going 'long so
Oh, yes, Lord
I have my trials here below
Oh, yes, Lord
If you get there before I do
Oh, yes, Lord
Tell all-a my friends I'm coming to Heaven!
Oh, yes, Lord
Variations[edit]
The song appeared as "Nobody Knows The Trouble I've Had" in 1867 in Slave Songs of the United States with additional verses.[4][5]
The Jubilee Singers sang a song with a similar chorus and with different tune and lyrics, entitled "Nobody Knows the Trouble I See," first published in 1872.
The second line ("Nobody knows my sorrow") or fourth line is changed in some renditions to be "Nobody knows but Jesus".
The song appears in the disc of the year 1973 "Mocedades 5" of the Spanish group Mocedades.
Classic variations[edit]
On the late 19th century African-American music began to appear in classical music art forms, in arrangements made by black composers such as Samuel Coleridge-Taylor, Henry Thacker Burleigh and J. Rosamond Johnson. Johnson made an arrangement of "Nobody Knows the Trouble I See" for voice and piano in 1917, when he was directing the New York Music School Settlement for Colored People.[6]
American violinist Maud Powell was the first white solo concert artist to perform classical arrangements of spirituals in concerts, and that is where she also interpreted classical and contemporary pieces by composers like Dvorak and Sibelius. After Powell's suggestion, J. R. Johnson made an arrangement of "Nobody Knows the Trouble I See" for piano and violin in 1919. Powell got to play this in a fall program she organized, and then she died that November.[6] Recent interpretations of the classical version of this spiritual have been made by a Chicago violinist, Rachel Barton Pine, who has been working along the lines of Powell's legacy.[7]
In popular culture[edit]
A black American soldier during the second episode of Roberto Rossellini's Paisan sings this song to a little Italian boy.
Bing Crosby included the song in a medley on his album 101 Gang Songs (1961).
The song is sung in episode 1 of the Doctor Who serial The Evil of the Daleks when the Second Doctor and Jamie McCrimmon are in a coffee bar.
A line of the song is used in the Dexter's Laboratory episode "Dee Dee Be Deep".
Part of the song was sung by Princess Vespa in the cult movie Spaceballs.
A line of the song is also sung by Geoff Ramsey in the third season of the popular video game web-series, Red vs. Blue.
It is also sung by Ryan Haywood in Let's Play Minecraft - Episode 259 Dark Monopoly Finale which also stars Geoff Ramsey.
The song was sung in the Recess episode "The Voice". Actor and singer Robert Goulet sings it as Mikey.
In the Bonanza episode "The Smiler", a portion is sung by Herschel Bernardi (Jud), and Hy Terman (Arthur Bolling).
The song is played on a theremin by Sheldon Cooper in the TV show The Big Bang Theory
Balki Bartokomous sings a line from the song in Season 2 Episode 5 of Perfect Strangers.
Part of the song was sung in the first verse of "Monument" by A Day To Remember.
In the film Police Academy 4: Citizens on Patrol (1987), Lt Proctor sings this song in prison while running a metal cup along the bars.
The line "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen" is used to end the second verse of "You Know What They Do to Guys Like Us in Prison" by My Chemical Romance.
In The Lion King, Zazu briefly sings the song to Scar while under captivity.
In children's adventure game Freddi Fish 3: The Case of the Stolen Conch Shell, Luther's Uncle Blemmy sings two bars of the song woefully while unlawfully imprisoned.
In Freddi Fish 4: The Case of the Hogfish Rustlers of Briny Gulch, Luther sings one bar of the song when Freddi and Luther are locked up in a jail.
The song can be heard on a radio in Silent Hill: Downpour.
A quote from the song is used as the opening quote of "Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen" (Episode 63) of the TV show Grimm.
In his Jazz album of 1978, Ry Cooder added the couplet "Nobody knows the trouble I see, Nobody knows but me" based on the song, as an opening to his version of Nobody, originally composed and sung by Bert Williams.
Line 1 & 2 was sung in the show called Tyler Perry's House of Payne in Volume 9.
In the Wee Sing video "Wee Sing in the Big Rock Candy Mountains", the song is sung by Little Bunny Foo Foo to express his sorrow after he is turned into a goon by the Good Fairy for repeatedly bopping the Meecy Mice.
In The Fresh Prince of Bel-Air season 1, the main character Will Smith plays it on the piano.
In Episode 16 "Subway, Somehow" of the sitcom "The New Adventures Of Old Christine", it is sung by Julia Louis-Dreyfus while she is stuck in a subway station.
In Episode 10 "Shopping" of season 1 of The Goldbergs, it is sung by Bevery Goldberg locked up in a mall jail.
In the episode of The Muppet Show featuring John Denver, Denver responds to some mushroom shaped Muppets by singing "Nobody knows the truffles I've seen!"
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Paul Robeson Collection
Jump up ^ Joel Whitburn, Pop Memories 1890-1954 (1986), Record Research Inc.
Jump up ^ Black and White Records
Jump up ^ Slave Songs of the United States
Jump up ^ Nobody Knows The Trouble I've Had
^ Jump up to: a b Shaffer, Karen. "American Virtuosa: Tribute to Maud Powell". Archived from the original on 4 October 2013. Retrieved 30 July 2013.
Jump up ^ Barton Pine, Rachel. "Nobody Knows the Trouble I see".
External links[edit]
Louis Armstrong playing the song (1962)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nobody_Knows_the_Trouble_I%27ve_Seen&oldid=829753236"
Categories:
African-American cultural history
African-American spiritual songs
American Christian hymns
Louis Armstrong songs
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Français
Italiano
Norsk
Русский
Slovenščina
Edit links
This page was last edited on 10 March 2018, at 16:35.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2016)

value: i

attrs: class style

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

value: b

values:
/wiki/Jubilee_Singers
mw-redirect
Jubilee Singers

values:
/wiki/Henry_Thacker_Burleigh
mw-redirect
Henry Thacker Burleigh

values:
/wiki/A_Day_To_Remember
mw-redirect
A Day To Remember

values:
/wiki/Wee_Sing_Video_Series
mw-redirect
Wee Sing Video Series

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2016

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen – German

values: Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen – French

values: Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen – Italian

values: Nobody Knows the Trouble I've Seen – Norwegian

values: Nobody Knows the Trouble I’ve Seen – Russian

values: Nobody knows the trouble I've seen – Slovenian

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Nobody_Knows_the_Trouble_I_ve_Seen rootpage-Nobody_Knows_the_Trouble_I_ve_Seen skin-vector action-view


text:
Knightfall (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Knightfall
Genre
Historical fiction
Created by
Don Handfield and Richard Rayner
Starring
Tom Cullen
Jim Carter
Pádraic Delaney
Simon Merrells
Julian Ovenden
Olivia Ross
Ed Stoppard
Sabrina Bartlett
Bobby Schofield
Sarah-Sofie Boussnina
Composer(s)
Andrew Price
Country of origin
United States
Czech Republic[1]
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
7 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Dominic Minghella
Josh Appelbaum
Andre Nemec
Jeff Pinkner
Scott Rosenberg
Barry Jossen
Jana Bennett
Douglas MacKinnon
Jeremy Renner
Don Handfield
Richard Rayner
Sonny Postiglione
Producer(s)
Michael Wray
Gideon Amir
Location(s)
Prague, Czech Republic
Dubrovnik, Croatia
Cinematography
Christopher Manley
Editor(s)
Nathan D. Gunn
Stephen Mark
John Coniglio
Patrick McMahon
Peter Mergus
Joe Sawyer
Running time
42–45 minutes
Production company(s)
A+E Studios
Midnight Radio
Island Pictures
Motor
The Combine
Stillking Films
PAKT Media
Distributor
Lionsgate
Release
Original network
History
Original release
December 6, 2017 (2017-12-06) – present (present)
External links
Website
Knightfall is a historical fiction drama television series created by Don Handfield and Richard Rayner for the History channel.[1] Filmed in Czech Republic and Croatia, it premiered on December 6, 2017 in the United States.[2]
Knightfall recounts the fall, persecution, and burning at the stake of the Knights Templar, as orchestrated by King Philip IV of France on October 13, 1307.[3] The series focuses on the fictional Templar leader Landry du Lauzon, a brave warrior discouraged by the Templars' failures in the Holy Land who is reinvigorated by news that the Holy Grail has resurfaced.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
1.3 Guest
2 Episodes
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Filming
3.3 Marketing
4 Broadcast
5 Reception
6 Other media
7 References
8 External links
Cast[edit]
Main[edit]
Tom Cullen as Landry du Lauzon, a senior brother of the Knights Templar and a veteran of the Crusades, Landry is a noble, courageous, and headstrong knight, who began his service with the Templars as Godfrey's squire - Godfrey tutored and trained him into a skilled and respected warrior monk. After the Siege of Acre, Landry witnesses the failure of the Crusade, the conquest of the Holy Land by the Saracens and the loss of the most-prized relic in all of Christendom: The Holy Grail. 15 years later, Landry, his faith shaken and frustrated with the Order's inactivity, becomes Master and Commander of the Paris Temple after Godfrey's assassination, the subsequent investigation revealing the Grail is now in France. His hope reignited, Landry leads his fellow Templars on a journey to uncover the reasons behind his mentor's death and location of the Grail.[4]
Jim Carter as Pope Boniface VIII, the Pope of Christianity, Boniface is a warm and avuncular man and a seasoned politician, who acts as a stabilizing, incorruptible force within a corrupt medieval world. The Templar Knights value him as their Holy leader, and they’re willing to execute his orders without question. Boniface personally appoints Landry the new Master and Commander of the Paris Temple after Godfrey's assassination and entrusts him the mission of finding the Holy Grail, hoping to use it to launch a new Crusade and reclaim the Holy Land.
Pádraic Delaney as Gawain, the greatest swordsman of the Templar Order who was crippled by a leg injury sustained in the Siege of Acre while protecting Landry. 15 years later, after Godfrey's assassination, he is told by the new Master Landry he can no longer fight. Unable to serve in the field, Landry assigns him as the training master to the Order's initiates, teaching future knights, including the commoner Parsifal. Feeling his heroism is no longer celebrated, he struggles to maintain his loyalty to the Order, just as he struggles to come to terms with his physical limitations. Gawain feels that, of all the Templars, he has the most to gain from the recovery of the Holy Grail, due to its reported ability to heal.[5][6]
Simon Merrells as Tancrede, a veteran Templar fiercely loyal to the order.[5] Unlike most Templars, Tancrede was once married, but he gave up married life in order to join the Templars. As the steadfast, brave, and resolute knight who venerates his Templar vows above all else, Tancrede imagines himself as the heir apparent to Godfrey, the Master and Commander of the Paris Temple, although he concedes to Landry following Godfrey's assassination. With the revelation that the Holy Grail is now in France, Tancrede aids and advises Landry on his quest, and comes to understand what his role must be.
Julian Ovenden as William de Nogaret, King Philip's scheming counsellor, pragmatic lawyer and right-hand man. De Nogaret is unashamedly godless, and a calculating manipulator ahead of his time. He is driven to destroy the power of organized religion, in revenge for his parents being burned at the stake as heretics. Cool and supremely calculating, De Nogaret is more involved in the quest for the Holy Grail than he appears. He also secretly desires Philip's daughter, Isabella, while seeking to make her the next Queen of England.[5]
Olivia Ross as Queen Joan of France and Navarre, the Queen of France and Queen Regnant of Navarre, Joan is both King Philip's wife and a powerful Queen who is a formidable diplomat and strategist. Joan is a devoted mother who seeks to ensure her children, especially her daughter, marry for love rather than duty like she was to Philip, who she has grown to fear. She and Philip are friends of Landry after he saved them from being murdered by brigands - against Landry's vows of celibacy, and without Philip's knowledge, the two pursued a secret romance and Joan is secretly pregnant with his child.[5]
Ed Stoppard as King Philip IV of France, the King of France, known for his good looks (hence the nickname “The Fair”), Philip struggles both as a King and a husband. He seeks to control his family while dealing with the politics and power moves that are an inevitable part of running his kingdom. Philip longs to be a great monarch and to transform France into the greatest power in Europe. He and Joan are friends of Landry after he saved them from being murdered by brigands, and Philip considers him a teacher, confidant and friend (although he is unaware of their secret romance).
Sabrina Bartlett as Princess Isabella, Queen Joan and King Philip’s daughter. Isabella is a beautiful, energetic and self-aware young woman whose youth belies a capacity to go to extraordinary lengths to get what she wants. Now of legal age, her impending marriage promises a strong political alliance for France.[5]
Bobby Schofield as Parsifal, a young peasant farmer who is decent and honest, although is brash and recklessly brave; aiming to do what he feels is right, even faced with great peril. He was happily engaged to a young woman, Marie, but is left consumed with grief and a desire for vengeance when she is murdered by Godfrey's assassins. Adrift and wanting to pursue her killers, he accepts an offer from Landry to join the Templars.[5]
Sarah-Sofie Boussnina as Adelina, a homeless thief who previously lived in Acre, but was rescued as a child by Landry and the Templars. Now living in France with her father, she is secretly involved with the unknown forces surrounding the Holy Grail.[5]
Recurring[edit]
Sam Hazeldine as Marcel De Caux/Godfrey, a Templar leader who is Master and Commander of the Paris Temple, Godfrey is a mentor and father figure to Landry. As the master, Godfrey is their greatest warrior, a man of immense faith and wisdom who is respected by all Templars, and Landry considers him a trusted master who was the father he never had. Godfrey is assassinated in an ambush by a group of mercenaries, posing as highwaymen. The subsequent investigation revealing the Grail is now in France - Godfrey had been concealing many secrets surrounding the Grail, and was protecting it from unknown forces.
Nasser Memarzia as Draper, a Templar
Cengiz Dervis as Roland, a brigand
Ryan Early as Reynard, a mercenary in De Nogaret's employ
Akin Gazi as Rashid
Joey Batey as Pierre, a Templar initiate
Jan Blahák and Raymond Waring as Daniel
Ben Bradshaw as Chamberlain Marigny
Roy McCrerey as Charles, the Royal Steward
Marcos Franz as Prince Lluis of Catalonia
Enrique Arce as Rodrigo of Catalonia, the Catalan Ambassador
Edward Bourne as Nicholas, De Nogaret's assistant
Oliver Maltman as Robert, Earl of Oxford, the English Ambassador
Harry Webster as young Landry
Raphael Acloque as Nassir
Amelia Clarkson as Sophie, Queen Joan's handmaiden
Marco Zingaro as Doctor Vigevano, Joan's doctor
Claudia Bassols as Queen Elena of Catalonia
Jim High as Ulric
Jack Sandle as Malraux
Vikash Bhai as Khalil
Guest[edit]
Sai Bennett as Marie, Parsifal's betrothed
Adam Levy as Simon
Chris Dunkley-Clark as Seth, a brigand
Ayya Graoui and Sofia Marangoni as young Adelina
David Sterne as De Beaujeu
Benjamin Hoetjes as Angus
Ben Loyd-Holmes as Petit
Simon Lenagan as Bellrose
Craig McGinlay as Aldred
Rory Bolan as younger Landry
Nuria Casas as Silvia
Francis Johnson as Malik
Peter Marinker as Jonas
Pablo Raybould as Jesper
Lourdes Faberes as Altani
Gina McKee as Landry's mother
Miquel García Borda as Viscount of Rohan
James Coombes as Governor De Rouvray
Thomas Coombes as Brother Anthony
Isak Ferriz as Commander Novello
Kevin Fuller as Cade
Jordi Garcia as Tudela Merino
Ben Lamb as Brother Dominic
Jeremy Renner[7]
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
1
"You'd Know What to Do" Douglas Mackinnon Don Handfield & Richard Rayner December 6, 2017 (2017-12-06) 1.77[8]
While in the Holy Land in the midst of a 43 day siege during the Battle of Acre of 1291, Templar knight Brother Landry is thrown into a fight with the Sultan of the Mamluks, along with protecting the Holy Grail. Fifteen years later, while stationed in Paris, Landry, now a battle-worn warrior of the Holy Wars, fears that the Order has lost its purpose. However, when the blood of Master Godfrey is shed, it forces Landry and his brothers to take up arms again and try to get the Grail back.
2
"Find Us the Grail" Douglas MacKinnon Don Handfield & Richard Rayner December 13, 2017 (2017-12-13) 1.32[9]
Pope Boniface arrives in Paris to learn of the grail's whereabouts and make Landry Master of the Temple. However, the pope's unexpected arrival threatens de Nogaret's carefully laid plans to marry King Philip and Queen Joan's daughter, Princess Isabella to Prince Edward of England. Later, Landry and Parsifal seek vengeance on Roland, the highwaymen's leader, who killed Godfrey and Marie, Parsifal's fiancee, after the farmer came to the Templar master's aid.
3
"The Black Wolf and the White Wolf" David Petrarca Dominic Minghella December 20, 2017 (2017-12-20) 1.48[10]
After finding a clue of a family crest, Landry and Tancrede investigate the Holy Grail's whereabouts. Their journey leads them to Godfrey's childhood home where they discover his origin as Marcel, the youngest son of Baron de Caux. The story told by his older brother Raymond is cut short from an attack by Saracen assassins. Parsifal starts training to become a Templar, but he must first learn to be a monk. De Nogaret's plots against Isabella's union to Prince Lluís.
4
"He Who Discovers His Own Self, Discovers God" David Petrarca David Elliot & Jason Grote December 27, 2017 (2017-12-27) 1.08[11]
When a Saracen prisoner is killed in cold blood inside the temple, Gwaine conducts an inquiry into the man's murder. In order to learn about the victim's symbol, Landry seeks out Jonas of the Ardennes, a pagan who helps him remember his childhood meeting with Malraux, a Cathar from the Brotherhood of Light. Isabella is betrayed by de Nogaret and her purity is tested days before her wedding to Lluís. Joan is with Landry's child and has to cover it up with Philip.
5
"Hard Blows Will Banish the Sin" Metin Hüseyin Sharon Hoffman & Vivian Tse January 3, 2018 (2018-01-03) 1.19[12]
Fearing an attack by the English after the Earl of Oxford goes missing from his chambers, King Philip asks the Knights Templar to watch over Princess Isabella's wedding at the Palace. While personally protecting Queen Joan, Landry learns she is with his child. Gwaine and Parsifal investigate the Earl's personal effects and find Greek Fire, a deadly substance used by a Mongol mercenary alchemist Tencrede knew. But it seems De Nogaret is behind a massive cover-up.
6
"The Pilgrimage of Chains" Metin Hüseyin Sonny Postiglione January 10, 2018 (2018-01-10) 1.17[13]
After an enduring torture from the Saracens of the Brotherhood of Light, Landry returns to the temple in chains and shackles. The Saracens have agreed to give up the instructions of the scroll left by Godfrey for Landry, leading him to The Grail, under the condition of him giving up one of his Templar brothers, Tancrede. In the Royal Palace, soon after he his knighted, De Nogaret's plan is revealed by Isabella and he faces the death penalty for treason, but he is rescued by an ally.
7
"And Certainly Not the Cripple" Douglas MacKinnon Jason Grote & David Elliot January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17) 1.11[14]
On a clue from the Brotherhood of Light, Landry, along with Gwaine, go to where he first met Godfrey; an orphanage. They meet a mysterious woman who leads them to The Grail. Queen Joan learns of an attack on her birth home, Navarre by her cousin, Queen Elena. After hearing about Joan's pregnancy, De Nogaret, now a commoner in hiding, deduces who the father is and plans to inform King Philip. Parsifal gets his vengeance on Roland and discovers who he really works for.
8
"IV"[15] TBA TBA January 24, 2018 (2018-01-24) TBD
9
"Fiat!"[15] TBA TBA January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31) TBD
10
"Do You See the Blue?"[15] TBA TBA February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07) TBD
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
Welsh actor Tom Cullen plays Landry in the series.
In January 2016, History announced it had picked up Knightfall for a 10-episode straight-to-series, executive produced by and likely guest starring actor Jeremy Renner.[16][17] The series was conceived by Renner's production partner Don Handfield and Los Angeles-based British writer and journalist Richard Rayner.[18] British writer-producer Dominic Minghella serves as showrunner.[5]
A Czech-American co-production presented by History, Knightfall was developed and produced by A+E Studios. Dominic Minghella, Josh Appelbaum, Andre Nemec, Jeff Pinkner, Scott Rosenberg, Barry Jossen, Jana Bennett, Douglas MacKinnon, Jeremy Renner, Don Handfield, Richard Rayner, and Sonny Postiglione are credited as executive producers, while Philip G. Flores acts as co-executive producer.[18][19] The series was produced by Michael Wray for the first four episodes and Gideon Amir for the fifth to seventh episodes. Jason Grote, Alex Shevchenko, David Minkowski and Matthew Stillman act as co-producers, while David Elliot serves as supervising producer.[20]
The production team includes casting director Debbie McWilliams, costume designer Diana Cilliers, composer Andrew Price, production designer Ondrej Nekvasil, editors Nathan D. Gunn for the first and sixth episodes, Stephen Mark for the second episode, John Coniglio for the third and seventh episodes, Patrick McMahon for the fourth episode, Peter Mergus for the fifth episode, and Joe Sawyer for the fifth and sixth episodes, and cinematographer Christopher Manley.[20]
Filming[edit]
The production started with three days of filming during the last week of June in Dubrovnik on Croatia's southern Adriatic coast, with Douglas Mackinnon (Outlander) as director.[21][22][23] Set mainly around the Walls of Dubrovnik's Fort Lovrijenac (St. Lawrence Fortress) and the bay of Pile, these scenes will depict The Siege of Acre.[6][24] PAKT Media is offering services, and over 140 Croatian film workers will be involved with the production.[25]
Mackinnon will serve as the principal director, handling most episodes. Metin Hüseyin and David Petrarca (Game of Thrones) will also direct a block each. Knightfall will shoot primarily in Prague, Czech Republic,[26] with its base at the Barrandov Studios. Several exteriors imitating medieval Paris has been built in surrounding suburbs/villages including Průhonice, and Doksany. Streets in Old Town and Švihov Castle will also be utilized.[27] Filming started on July 8. This is the same studio that was used for the TV series Borgia, season 2 of Legends, Casino Royale, and The Bourne Identity. According to Barrandov CEO Petr Tichý, the studio was chosen partially based on the quality of the 15th century interior they had previously built for Borgia.[28] This total cost for the series will be CZK 1.1 billion.[29]
According to Tom Cullen, the main cast had a two and a half week "boot camp" with French stuntman and fight choreographer Cédric Proust. Cullen had taken fencing classes note past, but hadn’t swung a sword in about eight years.[30]
On August 26, 2016, a fire broke out at the backlot of Barrandov Studios, destroying the exterior sets for Knightfall, with estimated damage of 100 million CZK ($4.5 million USD).[31][32] Only a small part of the set, representing a medieval city, was saved. The following Monday, shooting resume at another location in the city. The fire will have an impact on the production schedule but the production will not be moved to another city and will focus on street locations. David Minkowski, a senior producer at Stillking Films, added "In conjunction with our insurers and Barrandov construction, we are planning to rebuild the destroyed backlot set as soon as possible and complete filming in Czech Republic," he added.[33]
Filming wrapped up in mid December 2016.[34]
Marketing[edit]
A teaser trailer debuted on February 1, 2017 on History Channel, depicting a bloody Templar helmet. The series premiered on December 6, 2017.[2]
Broadcast[edit]
The series was pre-sold to SBSTwo in Australia. HBO, its subsidiary Cinemax, and FilmBox Premium also obtained the rights in Central and Eastern Europe. History, which developed the original series, will air Knightfall in North America.[35]
Reception[edit]
On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 60% based on 15 reviews, with an average rating of 5.25/10.[36] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the series has a weighted average score of 47 out of 100, based on 12 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[37]
Other media[edit]
A+E Networks has partnered with Titan Publishing to develop original novels and an eight-part comic book series based on the series. Under the licensing agreement, Titan will work closely with the series creators and writers to craft original stories that expand the rich world of Knightfall into new adventures and crossover storylines. This deal was announced Licensing Expo 2017. The first of two novels and comic book series will debut alongside the upcoming series launch, and will be available online and at comic and bookstores everywhere. Additionally, the comic book series will be compiled in two bound collections available in the graphic novel section of booksellers.[38]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Blaga, Iulia (July 28, 2016). "American/Czech Series Knightfall Starts Shooting in Croatia". FilmNewEurope. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "After 'Vikings', History Channel Brings The Knights Templar To TV With 'Knightfall'". MoviePilot.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Lesley (January 6, 2016). "History Orders Jeremy Renner-Produced Drama Knightfall to Series". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Wagmeister, Elizabeth (May 13, 2016). "Tom Cullen to Star in Jeremy Renner's History Series Knightfall". Variety. Retrieved May 16, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Andreeva, Nellie (June 14, 2016). "Knightfall: History Sets Cast for Jeremy Renner-Produced Drama Series". Deadline.com. Retrieved June 21, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Pádraic lands TV role as hero knight - Independent.ie". Independent.
Jump up ^ Otterson, Joe (January 6, 2016). "Jeremy Renner Drama Series Knightfall Greenlit by History". TheWrap. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 7, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.6.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 14, 2017). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.13.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 21, 2017). "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.20.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (December 28, 2017). "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 12.27.2017". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved December 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (January 4, 2018). "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.3.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (January 11, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.10.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ Metcalf, Mitch (January 18, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.17.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Shows A-Z - knightfall on history". The Futon Critic. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 6, 2016). "History Orders Knightfall Drama Series, Jeremy Renner To Produce & Guest Star". Deadline.com. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "History orders Knightfall series featuring Jeremy Renner". UPI. January 6, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "History Greenlights Original Drama Series Knightfall" (Press release). A+E Networks. January 6, 2016. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (June 3, 2016). "Sam Raimi Tackling Tornado Heist Thriller for Warner Bros". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Knightfall. Season 1. December 2017. History.
Jump up ^ "Filming Starts in Dubrovnik for History Channel Series". Croatia Week. Retrieved 29 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "New Historical American Drama Knightfall Filming in Dubrovnik". Croatia Week. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ "U Dubrovniku se postavljaju kulise za snimanje nove americke povijesne serije". Poslovni dnevnik (in Croatian). Retrieved 6 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Tutnjevic, Zeljko (June 27, 2016). "Filming of Knightfall in Dubrovnik". The Dubrovnik Times. Retrieved June 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Blaga, Iulia (April 17, 2016). "American/Czech Series Knightfall Starts Shooting in Croatia" (in Croatian). FilmNewEurope. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Jeremy Renner To Produce & Guest Star Knightfall". Stillking.com. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Šťastný, Dimír (July 11, 2016). "Mezinárodní filmové produkce se vrátily do Česka Zdroj" (in Czech). Pražský deník. Retrieved July 11, 2016.
Jump up ^ Dušan Kütner (3 June 2016). "Na Barrandově vznikne sága o templářích Knightfall za stovky milionů". E15.cz (in Czech). Retrieved June 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Willoughby, ian (June 13, 2016). "HN: Filmmakers expected to spend CZK 5 billion in CR this year". Radio Prague. Retrieved July 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Knightfall - Tom Cullen Interview on Playing a Templar Knight". 22 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Dřevěná Paříž na Barrandově lehla popelem. Škoda v ateliérech šplhá ke 100 milionům" (in Czech). Aktualne.cz. August 27, 2016. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Fire Causes Significant Damage on Set of History's Knightfall'in Prague". Variety. Retrieved August 27, 2016.
Jump up ^ Kozlov, Vladimir (August 29, 2016). "HN: History's 'Knightfall' Series to Continue Shooting in Prague After Fire". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Knightfall's Tom Cullen - WORLD SCREEN". WorldScreen. 22 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "MIPTV: Jeremy Renner's 'Knightfall' Conquers Multiple Territories for A+E". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ "Knightfall: Season 1 (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Knightfall - Season 1 Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "A+E Networks crown Titan Books for Knightfall books and comics". Licensing.biz.
External links[edit]
Official website
Knightfall on IMDb
[hide]
v
t
e
History channel original programming
Current, future and
returning series
Alone
American Pickers
American Restoration
Ancient Aliens
Big Easy Motors
Blue Book
Counting Cars
The Curse of Oak Island
Forged in Fire
Hunting Hitler
Ice Road Truckers
Knightfall
Lost in Transmission
Mountain Men
Ozzy & Jack's World Detour
Pawn Stars
Six
Swamp People
ThingamaBob
Vikings
Past, canceled and
series on hiatus
20th Century with Mike Wallace
Appalachian Outlaws
Alaska Off-Road Warriors
America Unearthed
American Eats
American Ripper
Ancient Discoveries
Ancients Behaving Badly
Around the World in 80 Ways
Ax Men
Barbarians
Battle 360°
Battlefield Detectives
Battles BC
Big Rig Bounty Hunters
Big Shrimpin'
Boneyard
Brad Meltzer's Decoded
Breaking Vegas
Cajun Pawn Stars
Cities of the Underworld
Clash of the Gods
The Conquerors
Conquest
The Crusades: Crescent and the Cross
Decisive Battles
Declassified
Decoding the Past
Deep Sea Detectives
Digging for the Truth
Dogfights
Down East Dickering
Engineering an Empire
Evolve
Expedition Africa
Extreme Trains
Food Tech
Full Metal Jousting
Gangland
Gangland Undercover
Great Minds with Dan Harmon
Greatest Tank Battles
God, Guns & Automobiles
Hairy Bikers
Haunted History
The History of Sex
History's Business
History's Lost & Found
History's Mysteries
How the Earth Was Made
How the States Got Their Shapes
Human Weapon
Ice Pilots NWT
Join or Die with Craig Ferguson
Jurassic Fight Club
Last Stand of the 300
Life After People
The Lost Evidence
Lost Worlds
MadHouse
Mail Call
Man, Moment, Machine
Mega Disasters
Mega Movers
Military Blunders
Modern Marvels (episodes)
MonsterQuest
Monumental Challenge
The Most
Mounted in Alaska
MysteryQuest
Nostradamus Effect
Only in America with Larry the Cable Guy
Patton 360°
Pawnography
Prehistoric Megastorms
The Presidents
Reel to Real
Rome: Rise and Fall of an Empire
Save Our History
Shark Wranglers
Sliced
The States
Surviving History
Tactical to Practical
Tales of the Gun
That's Impossible
Top Gear
Top Guns
Top Shot
Tougher In Alaska
UFO Files
UFO Hunters
United Stats of America
The Universe
Warriors
Weird U.S.
Wild West Tech
The XY Factor
Documentary films
and miniseries
102 Minutes That Changed America
Amelia Earhart: The Lost Evidence
America: The Story of Us
The American Revolution
Ancestors in the Attic
Barbarians Rising
The Bible
China's First Emperor
Civil War Combat
Conquest of America
Countdown to Armageddon
Countdown to Ground Zero
Failure Is Not an Option
Flying Pyramids, Soaring Stones
Grounded on 9/11
Hatfields & McCoys
Hotel Ground Zero
Houdini
I Missed Flight 93
Mankind: The Story of All of Us
Museum Secrets
The Occult History of the Third Reich
Predator X
Quest for King Arthur
Roots
Search for the Lost City of Gold
Shootout!
Sons of Liberty
Star Wars: The Legacy Revealed
Texas Rising
The Century: America's Time
The Exodus Decoded
The Man Who Predicted 9/11
The Men Who Built America
The People Speak
Vietnam in HD
WWII in HD
The World Wars
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Knightfall_(TV_series)&oldid=821831286"
Categories:
2010s American drama television series
2017 American television series debuts
Costume drama television series
Czech television series
English-language television programs
History (U.S. TV channel) original programs
Period television series
Serial drama television series
Television series set in the Middle Ages
Hidden categories:
CS1 Croatian-language sources (hr)
CS1 Czech-language sources (cs)
Pages using infobox television with editor parameter
Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Čeština
Español
Français
Italiano
Magyar
Polski
Português
Русский
Edit links
This page was last edited on 22 January 2018, at 21:57.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

value: td

attrs: colspan style

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values:
/wiki/Andre_Nemec
mw-redirect
Andre Nemec

values:
/wiki/Prague,_Czech_Republic
mw-redirect
Prague, Czech Republic

values:
/wiki/Dubrovnik,_Croatia
mw-redirect
Dubrovnik, Croatia

values:
/wiki/History_(U.S._TV_channel)
mw-redirect
History (U.S. TV channel)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.history.com/shows/knightfall

values:
/wiki/Historical_drama
mw-redirect
Historical drama

values: -moz-column-width: 25em; -webkit-column-width: 25em; column-width: 25em;

values:
/wiki/Paris,_France
mw-redirect
Paris, France

values:
description
6
border-bottom:solid 3px #000000

values:
/wiki/History_Channel
mw-redirect
History Channel

values:
/wiki/A%2BE_Networks
mw-redirect
A+E Networks

values:
/wiki/Titan_Publishing
mw-redirect
Titan Publishing

values:
nofollow
external text
https://moviepilot.com/posts/3975144

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.metacritic.com/tv/knightfall

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://knightfall.history.com

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt4555364/
external text

values: List of programs broadcast by History (TV channel)

values: The Crusades: Crescent and the Cross (TV series)

values: Countdown to Ground Zero (page does not exist)

values: The Man Who Predicted 9/11 (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:2010s American drama television series

values: Category:2017 American television series debuts

values: Category:Costume drama television series

values: Category:History (U.S. TV channel) original programs

values: Category:Television series set in the Middle Ages

values: Category:CS1 Croatian-language sources (hr)

values: Category:CS1 Czech-language sources (cs)

values: Category:Pages using infobox television with editor parameter

values: Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Knightfall_(TV_series)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Knightfall (serie de televisión) – Spanish

values: Templomosok (televíziós sorozat) – Hungarian

values: Templariusze (serial telewizyjny) – Polish

values: Падение Ордена – Russian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Knightfall_TV_series rootpage-Knightfall_TV_series skin-vector action-view