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Juvenile court
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A juvenile court (or young offender's court) is a tribunal having special authority to pass judgements for crimes that are committed by children or adolescents who have not attained the age of majority. In most modern legal systems, children and teens who commit a crime are treated differently from legal adults that have committed the same offense.
Industrialized countries differ in whether juveniles should be tried as adults for serious crimes or considered separately. Since the 1970s, minors have been tried increasingly as adults in response to "increases in violent juvenile crime." Young offenders may still not be prosecuted as adults. Serious offenses, such as murder or rape, can be prosecuted through adult court in England.[1] However, as of 2007, no United States data reported any exact numbers of juvenile offenders prosecuted as adults.[2] In contrast, countries such as Australia and Japan are in the early stages of developing and implementing youth-focused justice initiatives as a deferment from adult court.[2]
Globally, the United Nations' has encouraged nations to reform their systems to fit with a model in which "entire society [must] ensure the harmonious development of adolescence" despite the delinquent behavior that may be causing issues. The hope was to create a more "child-friendly justice". Despite all the changes made by the United Nations, the rules in practice are less clear cut.[1] Changes in a broad context cause issues of implementation locally, and international crimes committed by youth are causing additional questions regarding the benefit of separate proceedings for juveniles.
Issues of juvenile justice have become increasingly global in several cultural contexts. As globalization has occurred in recent centuries, issues of justice, and more specifically protecting the rights of children as it relates to juvenile courts, have been called to question. Global policies regarding this issue have become more widely accepted, and a general culture of treatment of children offenders has adapted to this trend.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Models
1.1 Restorative justice model
2 International human rights tribunals
3 United States
3.1 Jurisdiction
3.1.1 Age of responsibility
3.1.2 Waiver to adult court
3.1.3 Other cases
3.2 Court procedure
3.2.1 Avoiding formal charges
3.2.2 Sentencing
3.2.3 Mandatory minimum sentencing
4 Reform
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Models[edit]
Juvenile court is a special court or department of a trial court that deals with under-age defendants who are charged with crimes, are neglected, or are out of the control of their parents. The normal age of these defendants is under 18, but the age of majority changes based on the state or nation. Juvenile court does not have jurisdiction in cases in which minors are charged as adults. The procedure in juvenile court is not always adversarial, although the minor is entitled to legal representation by a lawyer. Parents or social workers and probation officers may be involved in the process to achieve positive results and save the minor from involvement in future crimes. However, serious crimes and repeated offenses can result in sentencing juvenile offenders to prison, with transfer to a state prison upon reaching adulthood with limited maximum sentences, often until the age of 18, 21, 23 or 25. Where parental neglect or loss of control is a problem, the juvenile court may seek out foster homes for the juvenile, treating the child as a ward of the court. A juvenile court handles cases of both delinquency and dependency. Delinquency refers to crimes committed by minors, and dependency includes cases where a non-parental person is chosen to care for a minor.
Restorative justice model[edit]
When looking at juvenile justice as a whole two types of models tend to be used: restorative justice and criminal justice.[3] Within the United States, there are systematic shifts towards a more restorative model of justice especially surrounding juveniles. Canada has long been practicing under a restorative model of justice and continues to grow and expand upon practices of integrating youth offenders into the community in hopes that they do not recidivate but become positive, contributing members of society. In addition to these countries, Austria has taken an initiative to implement victim-offender mediation programs geared towards a more restorative form of justice. New Zealand completely restructured their system with an emphasis on what the indigenous people, Māori, practiced for many years. This includes a family-centered focus that lowers youth incarceration. Globally, there is a trend of utilizing the traditional values of past generations to create a positive impact throughout juvenile court systems.[3]
International human rights tribunals[edit]
Further information: Military use of children § war crimes
In an era where crimes against the state, in violation of international law are prosecuted, children who are subjected to this crime are now being called into question on how to deal with them. More precisely this problem applies to children soldiers. Controversy has risen in regards to starting a special juvenile court or 'special court' for children being prosecuted for international crimes. In Sierra Leone, for example, people wanted the perpetrators to be held entirely responsible despite age or social context. When a juvenile is deferred to the special court, their treatment would be treated with more respect as well as a promotion of rehabilitation and reintegration, taking into account how young many of the child soldiers were. The Secretary General termed the use of the tribunals as a "moral dilemma". The children who become soldiers often do so as a result of a structural or systemic threat in their lives; however, they still are responsible for many violent and heinous acts. In this way they are both victims of regimes and guilty parties, causing the problem and dilemma that the United Nations has tried to address in Sierra Leone as well as other countries.[4]
United States[edit]
See also: American juvenile justice system and Youth incarceration in the United States
Although the rules governing juvenile court vary significantly from state to state, the broad goal of U.S. juvenile courts is to provide a remedial or rehabilitative alternative to the adult criminal justice system. Although not always met, the ideal is to put a juvenile offender on the correct path to be a law-abiding adult.[5]
Jurisdiction[edit]
Rules for jurisdiction of a juvenile court depend upon the state. In most states, juvenile court jurisdiction continues through the age of eighteen, but in some states it may end at age seventeen or younger. At times, a juvenile offender who is initially charged in juvenile court will be waived to adult court, meaning that the offender may be tried and sentenced in the same manner as an adult.[6]
Age of responsibility[edit]
There is no uniform national age from which a child is accountable in the juvenile court system; this varies between states.[6][7]
In 44 states, the maximum age for juvenile court jurisdiction is age seventeen.
In five states (Georgia, Michigan, Missouri, Texas and Wisconsin) the maximum age for juvenile court jurisdiction is age sixteen.
One state, North Carolina, has a maximum age for juvenile court jurisdiction of age fifteen.
States vary in relation to the age at which a child may be subject to juvenile court proceedings for delinquent behavior. Most states do not specify a minimum age as a matter of law.[8] Of states that set a minimum age, for status offenses:[6]
Massachusetts and North Carolina set a minimum age of six.
Connecticut and Mississippi set a minimum age of seven.
Arizona sets a minimum age of eight.
And for delinquency:[6]
North Carolina sets a minimum age of six.
Connecticut, New York, Maryland and Massachusetts set a minimum age of seven.
Arizona sets a minimum age of eight.
Arkansas, Colorado, Kansas, Louisiana, Mississippi, Pennsylvania, South Dakota, Texas, Vermont and Wisconsin set a minimum age of ten.
Waiver to adult court[edit]
All states have laws that allow, and at times require, young offenders to be prosecuted or sentenced as adults for more serious offenses, Without regard to their age.[6]
In Kent v. United States (1966), the United States Supreme Court held that a juvenile must be afforded due process rights, specifically that a waiver of jurisdiction from a juvenile court to a district court must be voluntary and knowing.[9] The U.S. Supreme Court held, in the case of In re Gault (1967),[10][11] that children accused in a juvenile delinquency proceeding have the rights to due process, counsel, and against self-incrimination, essentially the Miranda rights. Writing for the majority, Associate Justice Abe Fortas wrote, "Under our Constitution, the condition of being a boy does not justify a kangaroo court."[12] However, most juvenile proceedings are held without a jury as McKeiver v. Pennsylvania (1971) decided that minors do not have the same rights in this regard as adults.
Other cases[edit]
In some jurisdictions, in addition to delinquent cases, juvenile court hears cases involving child custody, child support, and visitation as well as cases where children are alleged to be abused or neglected.
Court procedure[edit]
Procedures in juvenile court, for juveniles charged with delinquent acts (acts that would be crimes if committed by adults) or status offenses (offenses that can only be committed by minors, such as running away from home, curfew violations and truancy) are typically less formal than proceedings in adult courts.[5] Proceedings may be closed to the public, and a juvenile offender's name may be kept out of the public record.[5]
Avoiding formal charges[edit]
In an American juvenile court, it is possible to avoid placing formal charges. Factors that may affect a court's treatment of a juvenile offender and the disposition of the case include:[13]
The severity of the offense. A serious crime is more likely to result in the filing of a petition than a less severe crime.
The minor's age. Petitions are more likely to be filed in cases involving older children.
The minor's past record. Formal charges are more likely when a minor has been previously involved with juvenile court.
The strength of the evidence that the minor committed a crime. Obviously, stronger evidence leads to a greater likelihood of formal charges.
The minor's sex. Formal charges are more likely to be filed against boys than against girls.
The minor's social history. Petitions are more likely to be filed when children have a history of problems at home or school.
The parent's or guardian's apparent ability to control the minor. The greater the lack of parental control, the more likely the intake officer is to file a petition.
Along with these seven, four "unofficial" factors can sway an official:[citation needed]
The minor's attitude. Formal proceedings are less likely to occur when a child shows remorse for committing a crime.
The minor's appearance. If the young person is polite, dressed well, and neatly groomed, then the intake personnel are more likely to handle the case informally.
Whether the minor has family or community support. The more support the young person has, the more likely the intake officer is to deal with the case informally.
Whether the minor has an attorney. Disposing of a case informally may be less likely when a child has a lawyer.
In Connecticut, a referral can be made to a non-court associated committee referred to as a Juvenile Review Board. These boards can present a resolution that does not result in a juvenile criminal record. However, there are circumstances such as the types of cases the board will accept.
Sentencing[edit]
Juvenile court sentences may range from:[5]
informal supervision, through which a court informally monitors a minor and dismisses a pending charge if the minor stays out of trouble;
formal supervision, similar to adult probation, under which a juvenile meets with and is supervised by a juvenile probation officer; or
incarceration, usually in a juvenile detention facility.
Mandatory minimum sentencing[edit]
Mandatory minimum sentences found their way into the juvenile justice system in the late 1970s out of concern that some juveniles were committing very serious criminal offenses. Mandatory minimum sentences might be imposed in juvenile court for some very serious crimes, such as homicide, and apply to juveniles in the same manner as adults if the juvenile is waived to adult court.[14] The U.S. Supreme Court has ruled that the use of mandatory life sentences for juvenile offenders is unconstitutional.[15]
Reform[edit]
See also: School-to-prison pipeline and Restorative justice
In his 1997 book No Matter How Loud I Shout, a study of the Los Angeles' Juvenile Courts, Edward Humes argued that juvenile court systems are in need of radical reform. He stated that the system sends too many children with good chances of rehabilitation to adult court while pushing aside and acquitting children early on the road to crime instead of giving counseling, support, and accountability. 57% of children arrested for the first time are never arrested again, 27% are arrested one or two more times, and 16% commit four or more crimes.
In the United States specifically, there are arguments made against having a separate court for youths and juvenile delinquents. From this perspective, the construction of youth and being young is morphing and as such people believe the legal system should reflect these changes. Childhood currently, looks very different and is socially constructed in a much different pattern than in past historical context. Some argue that within our current social climate, a juvenile court system and having a separate deferment for people under the age of majority is no longer necessary as there are such blurred lines between the stages of childhood, youth, and young adulthood.[16]
On a global scale, the United Nations has implemented reforms as it relating to juvenile courts and juvenile justice as a whole. Rules and regulations have been implemented to protect the children's rights, more specifically creating guidelines for punishment. Movements towards less punitive measures or agencies have been a trend in this regard. For example, in the United Nations general assembly, there was a proposal that "no child or young person should be subjected to harsh or degrading correction or punishment measures".[1] Many Western countries have been condemned for not put these policies into practice nor differentiate the youths from adults in procedure or punishment. The United Nations believes that youths should have less harsh punishment and be deferred to more community supportive programs like tribunals or courts geared towards young people. In Western Europe, there are many countries also criticized and looked at by the United Nations for the disproportionate representation of racial and ethnic minorities in the juvenile court system of the racial and ethnic minority being over-represented.
The current regime allows for many systemic perpetuations of class divides, discrimination and gender inequalities. Another reform made by the United Nations is "informalism" in the mid-1900s where a push for diversion and less criminalizing happened. This was when many deferred programs and alternatives to formal criminal and adult jurisdictions changed, making it more child-friendly. In more recent years, the restorative justice model has been promoted as a better way to process and reintegrate youth who are involved in the court system back into the community. This model is multifaceted and requires a change in the cultural understanding of what it means to commit a crime as a person under the age of majority. The United Nations has offered aid to countries looking to move towards a restorative justice model as it is a positive change in from a human rights discourse.[1] Difficulty in implementing restorative justice comes with cultural differences cross-nationally as well as the scope and breadth of the model. Additionally, the traditional values of adversarial justice have been rooted in the juvenile system for a very long time, which makes it difficult implement change on a global scale. Overall, the United Nation's attempts at changing the conversation and structure surrounding juvenile courts, have made small strides as many other issues continually being addressed.
There are also many arguments against the globalization of the reforms of juvenile court systems. Global juvenile justice lacks solutions to the flaws that come out of placing them in such a broad range of social contexts. For example, the case study of Moroccan youth as well as other ethnic minorities or migrant groups living in the Netherlands. There is a disconnect between the idea that crime is a local social problem, but there are movements to solve the problems more generically and on a much broader spectrum. In the Netherlands, the emphasis of juvenile court is rehabilitation despite the reality being a more punitive focused system when placed in practice. Juvenile courts cause further system bias and exclusion for these minority groups, and the disparity is a source of concern. One reason for this problem is the public discourse and police scrutiny—all of which stem from the failed cultural integration. Globalization of youth justice and the court then perpetuates this idea of an "international scapegoat" and causes issues that need more careful consideration for the putting global practices to work in local communities. As some scholars argue, globalization does not simplify the problem but rather complicates it as it challenges "traditional modes of analysis" and creates problems of identity.[17]
See also[edit]
American juvenile justice system
Gender responsive approach for girls in the juvenile justice system
Girl's court
The Juvenile Court in Hong Kong
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Goldson, B.; Muncie, J. (2012). "Towards a global 'child friendly' juvenile justice?". International Journal of Law, Crime, and Justice. doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2011.09.004.
^ Jump up to: a b Peterson, Scott (Summer 2009). "Made in America: The Global Youth Justice Movement". Reclaiming Children and Youth.
^ Jump up to: a b Umbreit, Mark; Armour, Marilyn (2011). "Restorative Justice and Dialogue: Impact, Opportunities, and Challenges in the Global Community". Washington University Journal of Law and Policy. Retrieved October 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ Amann, Diane (2002). "Calling Children to Account: The Proposal for Juvenile chamber in the Special Court for Sierra Leone". Pepperdine Law Review.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Larson, Aaron (3 August 2016). "What Happens in Juvenile Court". ExpertLaw.com. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Teigen, Ann (17 April 2017). "Juvenile Age of Jurisdiction and Transfer to Adult Court Laws". National Conference of State Legislatures. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Roberson, Cliff (2010-08-20). Juvenile Justice: Theory and Practice. CRC Press. ISBN 9781439813775.
Jump up ^ "Jurisdictional Boundaries". Office of Justice Programs. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Kent v. United States, 383 US 541, 86 S. Ct. 1045, 16 L. Ed. 2d 84 (1966)". Google Scholar. Google. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Facts and Case Summary - In re Gault". United States Courts. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "In re Gault, 387 US 1, 87 S. Ct. 1428, 18 L. Ed. 2d 527". Google Scholar. Google. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ In re Gault, 387 U.S. 1, 28.
Jump up ^ Mays, G. Larry; Winfree, L. Thomas (2012). Juvenile Justice (3 ed.). New York: Wolters Kluwer Law & Business. ISBN 0735507686.
Jump up ^ Steiner, Emily (16 August 2017). "Mandatory Minimums, Maximum Consequences". Juvenile Law Center. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Pitt, David (16 June 2017). "Court: Required Minimum Juvenile Sentences Should Be Rare". U.S. News. Retrieved 8 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Ainsworth, Janet (1991). "Re-imagining Childhood and Reconstructing the Legal Order: The Case for Abolishing the Juvenile Court". Seattle University School of Law Digital Commons.
Jump up ^ Pakes, Francis (2010). "Global forces and local effects in youth justice: The case of Moroccan youngsters in Netherlands". International Journal of Law, Crime and Justice. doi:10.1016/j.ijlcj.2010.10.003.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Juvenile courts.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article Children's Courts.
Information about Juvenile Justice from the Penal Reform International website.
National Juvenile Defender Center
Juveniles involved in the Justice System a review of the juvenile justice system in the United States, comparing it to Canada.
Violent Justice: Adult system fails young offenders
Prevent Delinquency Project
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Pig-Pen
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the Peanuts character. For other uses, see Pigpen.
Pig-Pen
Peanuts character
First appearance
July 13, 1954
Voiced by
Geoffrey Ornstein (1963–1966)
Gabrielle DeFaria Ritter (1966–1969)
Christopher DeFaria (1969)
Tom Muller (1974)
Carl Steven (1984–1986)
Brandon Taylor (1997)
Corey Padnos (2000)
Jake Miner (2003)
Shane Baumel (2011)
AJ Teece (2015)
Drake Sanchez (2016)
Information
Gender
Male
Family
Unnamed parents
"Pig-Pen" is a character in the comic strip Peanuts by Charles M. Schulz. He is a young boy who is, except on very rare occasions, very dirty.
History[edit]
"Pig-Pen" is a nickname, invariably written in quotation marks in the strip. In the character's first appearance on July 13, 1954, in a strip directly parodying the first chapter of Lord of the Flies, he declares, "I haven't got a name ... people just call me things ... real insulting things."[1] If he does have a real name, it is never mentioned. In a 2000 Gallup Poll "Pig-Pen" was found to be the fifth most popular Peanuts character.[2]
"Pig-Pen" is known for his perpetually filthy overalls and the cloud of dirt and dust that follows him wherever he goes. When he takes a deep breath (to sing, for example), the dust rises briefly around him. He sometimes refers to the cloud that surrounds him with pride as the dust of ancient civilizations.[3] He cannot seem to rid himself of the dust for more than the briefest of periods — indeed, in spite of his best efforts, it appears that he cannot stay clean. He is referred to in an early strip as the only person who can get dirty while walking in a snowstorm.[4] Nevertheless, on rare occasions he has very briefly appeared clean, and hence unrecognizable. Once this was in order to impress Violet, of whom he was a bit fond. On another occasion (September 6, 1954), he managed to keep one side of his body clean and presented this clean side to Patty, causing her to believe that he was completely clean.
Once, after bathing and dressing in clean clothes, "Pig-Pen" stepped outside his house, and instantaneously became dirty and disheveled, whereupon he declared to Charlie Brown, "You know what I am? I'm a dust magnet!" On another occasion, "Pig-Pen" decided it was important to have clean hands, but after failing to wash them, realized that he had "reached a point of no return."
One notable exception is an earlier strip where he gets caught in a brief but heavy rainfall, and while trying to seek shelter, the storm ends, revealing him to be clean. He responds with disdain, stating that "in one minute the rain has washed away what took me all day to accomplish".
Though "Pig-Pen" is proud of his uncleanliness, Charlie Brown is the only other Peanuts character to unconditionally accept "Pig-Pen" for who he is, even defending "Pig-Pen's" uncleanliness in one strip (which was re-used in A Charlie Brown Christmas):
Don't think of it as dust. Just think of it as the dirt and dust of far-off lands blowing over here and settling on "Pig-Pen!" It staggers the imagination! He may be carrying the soil that was trod upon by Solomon or Nebuchadnezzar or Genghis Khan!
Charles Schulz admitted that he came to regret "Pig-Pen's" popularity, given the character's essentially one-joke nature; he utilized the character very rarely in the later years of the strip's run[citation needed] (though still appearing commonly in the TV specials and movies of the franchise).
Like most of Schulz's characters, "Pig-Pen" has (both with and without lines) appeared in many of the animated Peanuts television specials beginning in the 1960s, as well as all five movies. One time his clean self was shown in a miniseries titled This Is America, Charlie Brown, where he is an astronaut aboard a futuristic space station, demonstrating how personal hygiene would apply in zero gravity. True to form, the clean "Pig-Pen" is immediately dirtied again when dirt is attracted to him magnetically. In the 1990s, he appeared (in an animated overlay against a live-action backdrop) in a series of television commercials for Regina vacuum cleaners where all the dirt is sucked off his body and filthy trousers by one of the company's products, arguably one of the few times where "Pig-Pen" remains clean. In 2015, "Pig-Pen" appeared in a commercial for All laundry detergent for a tie-in with The Peanuts Movie. In the commercial, Snoopy, dressed as a magician, puts a cloth over "Pig-Pen" and instantly makes him clean, causing Snoopy to get dirty. This is also one of the few times where he remains clean.
Geoffrey Ornstein first voiced "Pig-Pen" in the 1965 movie A Charlie Brown Christmas. Although he also later played the role in A Boy Named Charlie Brown, other various actors have voiced him ever since.
He last appeared in the Peanuts comic strip on September 8, 1999. That strip was very uncharacteristic of him in that it showed him embarrassed to the point of shame in his dirtiness, with none of the pride or sense of destiny that he expressed in earlier strips.
"Pig-Pen" is very good at playing the drums, as shown in the special Play It Again, Charlie Brown. He is also shown playing the double bass, notably in "A Charlie Brown Christmas", as well as in Happy New Year, Charlie Brown!. He plays third base on the Peanuts baseball team.
Voiced by[edit]
Geoffrey Ornstein (1963–1966)
Gabrielle DeFaria Ritter (1966–1969)
Christopher DeFaria (1969)
Chris Inglis (1971)
Tom Muller (1974)
Carl Steven (1984–1986)
Brandon Taylor (1997)
Corey Padnos (2000)
Jake Miner (2003)
Shane Baumel (2011)
AJ Teece (2015)
Drake Sanchez (2016)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Schulz, Charles M. (2004). Gary Groth, ed. The Complete PEANUTS: 1953 to 1954. Seattle, Washington: Fantagraphics Books. ISBN 1-56097-614-4.
Jump up ^ Gallup, Jr., George (2001). The Gallup Poll: Public Opinion, 2000. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 48. ISBN 0-8420-5000-0.
Jump up ^ "Pigpen: Character Facts, Comics and Videos - Peanuts". PEANUTS Worldwide LLC.
Jump up ^ Weiss, Irving (1980). Thesaurus of Book Digests, 1950–1980. Crown Publishing Group. p. 351. ISBN 0-517-54175-0.
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WTVD
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"ABC 11" redirects here. For the ABC affiliate operating on channel 11 in Meridian, Mississippi, see WTOK-TV.
WTVD
Durham/Raleigh/
Fayetteville, North Carolina
United States
City
Durham, North Carolina
Branding
ABC 11 (general)
ABC 11 Eyewitness News (newscasts)
Slogan
Keeping You Connected
Channels
Digital: 11 (VHF)
Virtual: 11 (PSIP)
Subchannels
11.1 ABC
11.2 Live Well
11.3 Laff
Affiliations
ABC (O&O) (1956–1957, 1985–present; secondary: 1954–1956, 1957–1962)
Owner
Disney/ABC
(WTVD Television, LLC)
Founded
December 1953[1]
First air date
September 2, 1954; 63 years ago (1954-09-02)
Call letters' meaning
TeleVision for Durham
Former channel number(s)
Analog:
11 (VHF, 1954–2009)
Digital:
52 (UHF, until 2009)
Former affiliations
Primary:
NBC (1954–1956)
CBS (1957–1985)
Secondary:
CBS (1954–1957)
NTA (1956–1961)
NBC (1962–1971)
Transmitter power
45 kW
Height
615 m (2,018 ft)
Facility ID
8617
Transmitter coordinates
35°40′5″N 78°31′59″W / 35.66806°N 78.53306°W / 35.66806; -78.53306
Licensing authority
FCC
Public license information:
Profile
CDBS
Website
abc11.com
WTVD, virtual and VHF digital channel 11, is an ABC owned-and-operated television station, licensed to Durham, North Carolina, United States. Owned by ABC Owned Television Stations, a unit of The Walt Disney Company, the station serves the areas of Durham, Raleigh, and Chapel Hill (known as the "Triangle") and Fayetteville. WTVD's main studios, offices, and newsroom are located on Liberty Street in downtown Durham, along with additional studio facilities in both Raleigh and Fayetteville. The station's transmitter is located in Auburn, North Carolina. On-air branding uses ABC 11 as a station identifier, with the call letters taking a secondary role.
On cable, the station is carried on channel 9 in the Raleigh area, and channel 6 in Durham and Chapel Hill. In most outlying areas of the market, the station is carried on channel 11. On Charter Spectrum, WTVD is shown in high definition on digital channel 1200.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Early years
1.2 Switch to ABC
2 Digital television
2.1 Digital channels
2.2 Analog-to-digital conversion
3 Out-of-market cable and satellite carriage
4 News operation
4.1 Notable current on–air staff
4.2 Notable former on-air staff
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
Early years[edit]
In 1952, two rival companies each applied for a construction permit to build a television station in Durham on the city's newly allotted VHF channel 11 – Herald-Sun Newspapers (publishers of the Durham Morning Herald and the Durham Sun as well as the owners of radio station WDNC) and Floyd Fletcher and Harmon Duncan, the then-owners of WTIK radio. In December 1953, the two sides agreed to join forces and operate the station under the joint banner Durham Broadcasting Enterprises.[1] Originally christened with the WTIK-TV call letters, the station had to make a name change after the partners sold WTIK radio as a condition of the permit grant. Ownership chose WTVD and was granted the change, but they had to wait – the call sign had been used in the 1953 20th Century Fox film Taxi for a fictional television station appearing in the movie. At the time, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) allowed unassigned call letters to be used in fictional works for an exclusive two-year period, making them unavailable for actual broadcast use.[2][3]
Ten months after being granted its permit, on September 2, 1954, WTVD began broadcasting with a black-and-white film of The Star Spangled Banner, this was followed by You Bet Your Life.[4] It was originally a primary NBC affiliate, with secondary ABC and CBS affiliations. Channel 11 is the Triangle's oldest surviving television station, having signed on a few months after CBS affiliate WNAO-TV (channel 28) WNAO was the Raleigh newspaper News and Observer and operated WNAO AM (850) and WNAO FM (96.1). The station's initial studios were located in a former tuberculosis sanitorium at Broad Street in Durham, with a transmitter located atop Signal Hill in northern Durham County.[5][6]
WRAL-TV (channel 5), based in Raleigh and locally owned by the Capitol Broadcasting Company, debuted in December 1956 and took over as the Triangle's NBC affiliate, leaving channel 11 with only ABC. WNAO-TV ceased operations at the end of 1957 due to financial difficulties, and CBS moved its primary affiliation to WTVD.[7] During the late 1950s, the station was also briefly affiliated with the NTA Film Network.[8]
On May 22, 1957, the station's original owners sold their interest in WTVD to Albany, New York-based Hudson Valley Broadcasting Company, owners of WCDA-TV (now WTEN), to form Capital Cities Television Corporation (predecessor of Capital Cities Communications).[9][10] Around 1958, WTVD built a 1,549-foot (472 m) tower at its present transmitter site in Auburn to increase its signal coverage for the entire Raleigh-Durham-Fayetteville market, at the time this was the tallest man-made structure in the U.S. That same year, the station first began broadcasting network programs in color, although it would not be until 1966 before the same was true for local programming.
After WRAL-TV took the ABC affiliation full-time in 1962, WTVD was forced to shoehorn CBS and NBC programming onto its schedule.[11] This was a very unusual arrangement for what was then a two-station market. The Triangle was, at least on paper, big enough even then to support three full network affiliates. However, the only other VHF license in the market, channel 4, had already been taken by National Educational Television outlet WUNC-TV. UHF was not considered viable at the time. Not only were television manufacturers not required to include UHF tuning capability until 1964, but the available UHF frequencies were not thought to be nearly strong enough to cover a market that stretched from Chapel Hill in the west to Goldsboro in the east. This situation was similar to that of WAPI-TV (now WVTM-TV) in Birmingham, Alabama. However, unlike WAPI-TV, WTVD managed to find room for The Ed Sullivan Show, the CBS Evening News with Walter Cronkite and The Tonight Show Starring Johnny Carson.
Although the market got a third commercial station six years later when a new channel 28 signed on as WRDU-TV (now WRDC), WTVD continued to "cherry pick" the most popular CBS and NBC programs for another three years, leaving WRDU with the lower-rated shows from both networks. In 1971 the FCC, intervening on behalf of WRDU's owners and in the interest of protecting the development of UHF, ordered WTVD to select one network.[12][13] Channel 11 decided to go with CBS full-time, allowing WRDU to become an exclusive NBC station (it is now affiliated with MyNetworkTV).
In 1978, WTVD attempted to expand its broadcast coverage to the Fayetteville area, which had been without a television station of its own for nearly two decades. Its studios were relocated to their current location on Liberty Street in downtown Durham on a parcel of land it shares with the Durham County Library; it also built its current 2,000-foot (610 m) tower in Auburn. A fire on March 4, 1979 caused extensive damage to the newly built studio building;[14] however, the newsroom and a number of other key components had been rebuilt within a month. By that time, much of WTVD's operations had returned to normal, although it had resorted to temporary setups during the interim such as holding the newscasts in one of the meeting rooms that survived the fire unscathed.
Switch to ABC[edit]
WTVD's logo from 2007 to 2013.
On March 18, 1985, WTVD's owner, Capital Cities, announced it was purchasing ABC.[15] Five months later, on August 4, 1985, WTVD traded networks with WRAL-TV and became an ABC affiliate.[16] At that time, WTVD and WRAL-TV joined the small list of stations that have held primary affiliations with all of the "Big Three" networks. The transaction was finalized on January 3, 1986, making WTVD an ABC owned-and-operated station, the first network-owned television station in North Carolina. In 1996, The Walt Disney Company acquired Capital Cities/ABC.
On the night of December 6, 1991, a helicopter carrying a pilot and three WTVD employees from a high school football game in Wilmington, North Carolina crashed, killing three of the four people on board.[17] Sports reporter Tony Debo was the only survivor.[18]
On April 30, 2000, a dispute between Disney and Time Warner Cable forced WTVD off cable systems within the Raleigh-Durham-Fayetteville market for over 24 hours during the May sweeps period. Other ABC stations in markets served by Time Warner Cable, such as New York City, Los Angeles and Houston, were also affected by the outage as well before the FCC forced TWC to restore service to those areas on May 2.[19] In July 2010, Disney announced that it was involved in another carriage dispute with Time Warner Cable which involved four ABC owned-and-operated stations (including WTVD), Disney Channel and the networks of ESPN. If a deal was not in place, the entire Disney cluster would have been removed from Time Warner and Bright House cable systems across the country. On September 2, 2010, Disney and Time Warner Cable reached a long-term agreement to keep the Disney family of channels on its systems.
Digital television[edit]
Digital channels[edit]
The station's digital signal is multiplexed:
Channel
Video
Aspect
PSIP Short Name
Programming[20]
11.1 720p 16:9 WTVD-D1 Main WTVD programming / ABC
11.2 WTVD-D2 Live Well Network
11.3 480i 4:3 WTVD-D3 Laff
Analog-to-digital conversion[edit]
WTVD discontinued regular programming on its analog signal, over VHF channel 11, at 12:30 p.m. on June 12, 2009, the official date in which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 52, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition, to its analog-era VHF channel 11.[21] On September 23, 2009, the station filed an application to the Federal Communications Commission to increase its effective radiated power from 20.7 to 45 kilowatts.[22]
Out-of-market cable and satellite carriage[edit]
In recent years, WTVD has been carried on cable in multiple areas outside of the Raleigh media market. That includes cable systems within the Greensboro, Greenville, Myrtle Beach, SC, and Wilmington markets in North Carolina, and the Roanoke market in Virginia. On DirecTV, WTVD has been carried in Alamance County, which is within the Greensboro market.[23]
In the 1970s and 1980s through CATV, WTVD was once carried in Wilmington, Mount Airy, Brunswick County, Emporia, Virginia and Bennettsville, South Carolina.[24]
News operation[edit]
Current 4 p.m. Eyewitness News open, used since 2013.
Current ABC 11 Eyewitness News logo.
WTVD presently broadcasts 41½ hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 6½ hours on weekdays, and 4½ hours each on Saturdays and Sundays); in regards to the number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the highest local newscast output of any television station in the Triangle market. For most of the last four decades, WTVD has been a solid second in ratings across the market, behind WRAL. This is in contrast to most of its ABC stablemates (including former Capital Cities sisters WPVI-TV in Philadelphia and KFSN-TV in Fresno), which dominate their markets' news ratings. However, it is still one of the strongest ABC stations in the country. In recent years, WTVD has had to fend off a spirited challenge for second place from a resurgent WNCN.
As with ABC's other owned-and-operated stations, WTVD features forecasts provided by AccuWeather for the weather segments of its newscasts. It operates its own weather radar, called "First Alert Doppler XP", at its transmitter site in Garner. In addition to its main studios, the station operates bureaus in Fayetteville on Green Street and Raleigh on Fayetteville Street. WTVD has a fleet of regular news vans and trucks as well as a yellow Toyota FJ Cruiser which carries the name "Breaking News One". WTVD also has a helicopter for newsgathering, which it refers to as "Chopper 11 HD".
Principal anchor Larry Stogner began working with station in 1976, and served as weeknight anchor from 1982 to 2015. On January 23, he announced his retirement after being diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis;[25] ultimately passing away on October 3, 2016.[26] His co-anchor for much of the 1980s and 1990s, Miriam Thomas, abruptly left WTVD after nineteen years in November 2001. Notable former members of WTVD's news staff include musicians John Tesh and John D. Loudermilk, as well as former Good Morning America co-host David Hartman. Others who were interns with the station that went on to notable careers in broadcasting include late ESPN personality Stuart Scott and Nightline host Byron Pitts.
From 1973 to 1984, WTVD used the Eyewitness News brand for its newscasts, though its format was very similar to the Action News format pioneered by sister station WPVI-TV in Philadelphia. The arrangement was similar to those used at WKBW-TV in Buffalo, New York and KFSN. For a time, all three stations used the same theme song, "Move Closer to Your World," and a nearly identical opening sequence. WRAL was also using the Action News brand during that time period. It called its newscasts simply WTVD 11 News from 1984 to 1993. WTVD called itself NewsChannel 11 from 1993 to 2000, when it changed back to Eyewitness News. WTVD was among the last stations to use the Cool Hand Luke Tar Sequence theme in its broadcasts (which was also used on WRAL for a period in the 1970s). However, the station debuted the theme soon after the Capital Cities/ABC merger and retired it in 1993. Like sister stations WABC, KABC, and KGO-TV, the theme was used only in the opens.
On June 26, 2006, WTVD debuted a new primetime newscast for WB affiliate WLFL (channel 22) entitled Eyewitness News at 10 on WB 22. This happened after WLFL's owner, Sinclair Broadcast Group, ended the controversial News Central format on its stations and shut down WLFL's established in-house news department. This newscast runs directly against the WRAL-produced 10 p.m. newscast on WRAZ (channel 50). On September 17, concurrent with WLFL's affiliation switch to The CW, the newscast changed its name to Eyewitness News at 10 on CW 22. On April 21, 2008, WTVD became the second television station in the Triangle behind WRAL and the eighth ABC-owned station to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition. The primetime news on WLFL was included in the upgrade. WTVD debuted an hour-long 4 p.m. newscast on May 26, 2011 to fill the void left by The Oprah Winfrey Show, whose long run in that time slot after Oprah's syndication run came to an end.[27]
Notable current on–air staff[edit]
Liz Horton - meteorologist
Notable former on-air staff[edit]
John Tesh - (later of Entertainment Tonight)
Rich Brenner – Sports Anchor and reporter (deceased)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Grant proposed for Houston TV Co." Broadcasting - Telecasting, January 18, 1954, pg. 56. [1][permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "WTVD–on 35 mm." Broadcasting - Telecasting, April 19, 1954, pg. 57. [2]
Jump up ^ "For the record." Broadcasting - Telecasting, June 14, 1954, pg. 110. Typographical error; new call letters misspelled "WTDV (TV)" instead of WTVD (TV). [3]
Jump up ^ "WTVD (TV), KOVR (TV) begin operations." Broadcasting - Telecasting, September 6, 1954, pg. 54. [4]
Jump up ^ "WTVD (TV) solves the housing problem." Broadcasting - Telecasting, October 4, 1954, pg. 64. [5]
Jump up ^ Kaye Graybeal (August 1998). "North Durham County Prison Camp (Former)" (pdf). National Register of Historic Places - Nomination and Inventory. North Carolina State Historic Preservation Office. Retrieved 2014-10-01.
Jump up ^ "WNAO-TV to go black, joins WTOB-TV in Ch. 8 shift plea." Broadcasting - Telecasting, December 30, 1957, pg. 10. [6]
Jump up ^ "Require Prime Evening Time for NTA Films". Boxoffice: 13. November 10, 1956. Archived from the original on June 14, 2009.
Jump up ^ "This week's receipts: $26 million." Broadcasting - Telecasting, April 8, 1957, pp. 31-32. [7][permanent dead link] [8][permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "FCC approves two sales." Broadcasting - Telecasting, May 27, 1957, pg. 10. [9]
Jump up ^ "WTVD(TV) joins NBC-TV." Broadcasting, June 11, 1962, pg. 95
Jump up ^ "Networks, V's balk at aid for UHF's." Broadcasting, September 21, 1970, pg. 40. [10][permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "One (network) to a customer." Broadcasting, March 29, 1971, pg. 67. [11][permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "6:00 Report". Eyewitness News. Durham, N.C. March 5, 1979. 00:30 minutes in. WTVD. Retrieved 15 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "Capcities + ABC" and "FCC approval of CapCities/ABC deal likely." Broadcasting, March 25, 1985, pp. 31-34. [12][permanent dead link] [13][permanent dead link] [14][permanent dead link] [15][permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "In brief." Broadcasting, July 15, 1985, pg. 80[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ "Three Die When Helicopter Crashes in North Carolina". NYTimes.com. 1991-12-08. Retrieved 2007-07-28.
Jump up ^ "A Visit to Honor Friends". newsobserver.com. 2001-12-11. Retrieved 2007-07-28. [dead link]
Jump up ^ http://www.fcc.gov/Bureaus/Cable/Orders/2000/da000987.pdf
Jump up ^ RabbitEars TV Query for WTVD
Jump up ^ "DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and the Second Rounds" (PDF). Retrieved 2012-03-24.
Jump up ^ https://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/cgi-bin/ws.exe/prod/cdbs/forms/prod/cdbsmenu.hts?context=25&appn=101333712&formid=301&fac_num=8617
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on May 2, 2012. Retrieved September 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ http://fjallfoss.fcc.gov/coals7/forms/search/cableSearchNf.cfm
Jump up ^ Cain, Brooke (2015-01-23). "WTVD anchor Larry Stogner announces ALS diagnosis". The News & Observer. Retrieved 2014-01-24.
Jump up ^ http://abc11.com/news/larry-stogner-veteran-abc11-anchor-dies/1479868/
Jump up ^ Bracken, David (2011-05-20). "ABC11 to debut 4 p.m. newscast next week". The News & Observer. Retrieved 2011-05-20.
External links[edit]
Official website
Query the FCC's TV station database for WTVD
Program Information for WTVD at TitanTV.com
[show]
v
t
e
Television stations in the Research Triangle region, including Raleigh, Durham, and Fayetteville, North Carolina
Reception may vary by location and some stations may only be viewable with cable television
Network O&Os are in bold
Digital television
WUNC/WUNP 4/36 (.1/.2 PBS, .2/.3 Kids, .3/.1 Explorer, .4/.4 North Carolina)
WRAL-TV 5 (.1 NBC, .2 Cozi TV)
WTVD 11 (.1 ABC, .2 LWN, .3 Laff)
WNCN 17 (.1 CBS, .2 Antenna, .3 Justice Network)
WLFL 22 (.1 CW, .2 ASN, .3 TBD)
WRDC 28 (.1 MNTV, .2 Charge!, .3 Comet)
WRAY-TV 30 (.1 TCT)
WUVC 40 (.1 UV, .2 UniMás, .3 Bounce, .4 GetTV)
WRPX-TV/WFPX-TV 47/62 (.1 Ion, .2 Qubo, .3 Life, .4 Ion Shop, .5 QVC)
WRAZ 50 (.1 Fox, .2 MeTV)
Low-power digital
WAUG-LD 8 (.1 Ind./AMGTV)
WNCB-LD 16 (.1 Estrella, .2 Dr.TV, .3 SBN)
WTNC-LD 26 (.1 UV, .2 UniMás)
WHIG-LD 31 (.1 ind.)
WARZ-CD 34 (.1 rel., .2 LeSEA)
WNCR-LD 41 (.1 Youtoo TV)
WHFL-CD 43 (.1 rel.)
WZGS-CD 44 (.1 ind.)
W46EU-D 46 (.1 HSN)
WWIW-LD 66 (.1 Daystar)
Analog television
WBXU-CA/WUBX-CD 13 (MTV2)
W24CP 24 (3ABN)
WACN-LP 34 (Daystar)
W45CN 45 (silent)
Cable television
Spectrum News
STV (UNC)
ATSC 3.0 digital television
WRAL-TV 39 (.1 NBC in 1080p, 2. UHD/2160p demo loop)
North Carolina broadcast television areas by city
Asheville
Charlotte
Greensboro
Greenville, NC
Myrtle Beach, SC
Norfolk, VA
Raleigh
Wilmington
See also
Richmond TV
Roanoke TV
[show]
Articles and topics related to WTVD
[show]
v
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ABC Network Affiliates in the state of North Carolina
WWAY 3 (Wilmington)
WSOC-TV 9 (Charlotte)
WTVD 11 (Durham-Raleigh-Fayetteville)
WCTI 12 (New Bern)
WLOS 13 (Asheville)
WXLV-TV 45 (Winston-Salem)
See also
ABC
CBS
CW
Fox
Ion
MyNetworkTV
NBC
PBS
Other stations in North Carolina
[show]
v
t
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Broadcasting stations owned and operated by Disney Media Networks
All in United States
ABC Owned TV Stations
KABC-TV
KFSN-TV
KGO-TV
KTRK-TV
WABC-TV
WLS-TV
WPVI-TV
WTVD
Radio stations
ESPN Radio/Deportes
KESN
KSPN
KWKW1
WEEI2
WEPN
WEPN-FM3
WMVP
Radio Disney Country
KRDC
1 Owned by Lotus Communications Corp., operated by Disney under an LMA.
2 Owned by Entercom, operated by Disney under an LMA.
3 Owned by Emmis Communications, operated by Disney under an LMA.
AaBbCc Operated by Cumulus Media under LMA.
AaBbCc Clear-channel radio stations with extended nighttime coverage.
[show]
v
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Owned-and-operated stations of the major television networks of the United States
Disney–ABC
ABC/Live Well (8):
KABC
KFSN
KGO
KTRK
WABC
WLS
WPVI
WTVD
CBS Corp.
CBS/Decades (14):
KCBS
KCNC
KDKA
KOVR
KPIX
KTVT
KYW
WBBM
WBZ
WCBS
WCCO
WFOR
WJZ
WWJ
The CW (w/WB) (8):
KBCW
KMAX
KSTW
WKBD
WPCW
WPSG
WTOG
WUPA
21st Century Fox
Fox (17):
KDFW
KMSP
KRIV
KSAZ
KTBC
KTTV
KTVU
WAGA
WFLD
WJBK
WJZY
WNYW
WOFL/WOGX
WTTG
WTVT
WTXF
MyNet (10):
KCOP
KDFI
KTXH
KUTP
WDCA
WFTC
WMYT
WPWR3
WRBW
WWOR
NBCU
NBC/Cozi (11):
KNBC
KNSD
KNTV
KXAS
WBTS
WCAU
WMAQ
WNBC
WRC
WTVJ
WVIT
Telemundo (17):
KBLR
KDEN
KEJT-LP
KHRR
KNSD-DT20
KNSO2
KSTS
KTAZ
KTLM
KTMD
KVDA
KVEA
KXTX
WKAQ
WNEU
WNJU
WSCV
WSNS
WWSI
Univision
Comm.
Univision (22):
KABE-CD
KAKW
KDTV
KFTV
KMEX
KTVW
KUTH
KUVE
KUVN
KUVS
KWEX
KXLN
WFDC1
WGBO
WLII/WSUR
WLTV
WQHS
WUVC
WUVG
WUVP
WXTV
UniMás (22):
KBTF
KFPH
KFSF
KTFD1
KTFF
KFTH
KTFK
KTFO
KTFQ1
KFTR
KFTU
KNIC
KSTR
WAMI
WFPA-CD
WFTT1
WFTY
WFUT
WOTF1
WTNC
WUTF1
WXFT
Univision owns the licenses to these stations but the stations themselves are operated by Entravision Communications under LMA.
NBC Universal owns the license but the station is operated by Serestar Communications.
Secondary affiliation; The CW is the station's primary affiliation.
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text:
Sugar (Robin Schulz song)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Sugar"
Single by Robin Schulz featuring Francesco Yates
from the album Sugar
Released
17 July 2015
Format
CD
digital download
Recorded
2014–15
Genre
Deep house
EDM
Length
3:39
Label
Tonspiel (Warner Music Group)
Songwriter(s)
Robin Schulz
Francesco Yates
Francisco Bautista
Nathan Perez
Ronald Bryant
Dennis Bierbrodt
Guido Kramer
Jürgen Dohr
Producer(s)
Robin Schulz
JUNKX
Robin Schulz singles chronology
"Headlights"
(2015) "Sugar"
(2015) "Show Me Love"
(2015)
"Headlights"
(2015) "Sugar"
(2015) "Show Me Love"
(2015)
Francesco Yates singles chronology
"Call"
(2015) Call2015 "Sugar"
(2015) Sugar2015
"Sugar" is a song by German DJ and record producer Robin Schulz. It features the vocals from Canadian singer Francesco Yates. The song was released in Germany on 17 July 2015 as the second single from his second studio album of the same name. It samples Baby Bash's 2003 single "Suga Suga".[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Music video
2 Track listing
3 Charts and certifications
3.1 Weekly charts
3.2 Year-end charts
3.3 Certifications
4 Release history
5 References
Music video[edit]
The music video for this song was released onto YouTube on 24 July 2015 and runs for a total length of three minutes and forty-three seconds.[3] Yates is seen in the video along with a rogue police officer (played by comedian Nathan Barnatt) who gyrates and grooves to the tune of the song while driving. Schulz also appears on a billboard for a concert. In the end, references are made to the music video of Baby Bash's Suga Suga when the police officer dresses in the clothes that match those of Baby Bash in that video: a green T-shirt over a white T-shirt, baggy jeans, a chain and a white beanie. At the end of the video, his car meets an accident and tumbles upside down, albeit still leaving the officer dancing as additional police cars arrive at the scene.
Track listing[edit]
Digital download[4]
No.
Title
Length
1. "Sugar" (featuring Francesco Yates) 3:39
CD single[5]
No.
Title
Length
1. "Sugar" (featuring Francesco Yates) 3:39
2. "Sugar" (featuring Francesco Yates) (extended mix) 5:01
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2015–16)
Peak
position
Argentina (Monitor Latino)[6]
18
Australia (ARIA)[7]
3
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[8]
1
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[9]
10
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[10]
3
Brazil (Billboard Brasil Hot 100)[11]
76
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[12]
42
Czech Republic (Rádio Top 100)[13]
3
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[14]
1
Denmark (Tracklisten)[15]
22
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[16]
10
France (SNEP)[17]
2
Germany (Official German Charts)[18]
1
Hungary (Dance Top 40)[19]
1
Hungary (Rádiós Top 40)[20]
2
Hungary (Single Top 40)[21]
2
Ireland (IRMA)[22]
16
Italy (FIMI)[23]
3
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[24]
4
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[25]
6
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[26]
4
Norway (VG-lista)[27]
9
Poland (Polish Airplay Top 100) [28]
2
Poland (Dance Top 50)[29]
1
South Africa (EMA)[30]
10
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[31]
2
Slovenia (SloTop50)[32]
1
Spain (PROMUSICAE)[33]
22
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[34]
9
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[35]
1
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[36]
21
UK Dance (Official Charts Company)[37]
6
US Billboard Hot 100[38]
44
US Hot Dance/Electronic Songs (Billboard)[39]
3
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[40]
37
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[41]
14
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2015)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[42]
48
Germany (Official German Charts)[43]
8
Italy (FIMI)[44]
30
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[45]
46
Poland (ZPAV)[46]
22
Slovenia (SloTop50)[47]
42
Chart (2016)
Position
Argentina (Monitor Latino)[48]
35
Belgium (Ultratop Wallonia)[49]
81
Brazil (Brasil Hot 100)[50]
45
Denmark (Tracklisten)[51]
89
Germany (Official German Charts)[52]
82
Italy (FIMI)[53]
52
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[54]
53
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[55]
48
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[56]
36
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[57]
88
Chart (2017)
Position
Hungary (Rádiós Top 40)[58]
60
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[59]
2× Platinum 140,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[60]
Platinum 30,000*
Belgium (BEA)[61]
Gold 15,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[62]
3× Platinum 240,000^
Germany (BVMI)[63]
2× Platinum 800,000^
Italy (FIMI)[64]
5× Platinum 250,000
New Zealand (RMNZ)[65]
2× Platinum 30,000*
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[66]
2× Platinum 60,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[67]
Platinum 600,000
United States (RIAA)[68]
Gold 500,000
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone
Release history[edit]
Region
Date
Format
Label
Ref.
Germany July 17, 2015
CD
digital download
Tonspiel (Warner Music Group) [4][5]
United States December 8, 2015 Mainstream radio
Atlantic
Big Beat
RRP
[69]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Renck, Lizzie (19 July 2015). "Robin Schulz unveils 'Sugar' ahead of his fall LP release". Dancing Astronaut. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
Jump up ^ Gupta, Pranav (20 July 2015). "ROBIN SCHULZ FT. FRANCESCO YATES – SUGAR (ORIGINAL MIX)". Bangin Beats. Retrieved 20 July 2015.
Jump up ^ Daw, Robbie (24 July 2015). "Robin Schulz & Francesco Yates' "Sugar" Video Features Hot Dancing By Nathan Barnatt: Watch". Idolator. Retrieved 25 July 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Robin Schulz: Sugar (feat. Francesco Yates) - Music on Google Play".
^ Jump up to: a b "SUGAR (2-Track)".
Jump up ^ "Top 20 Argentina – Del 18 al 24 de Julio, 2016" (in Spanish). Monitor Latino. 18 July 2016. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved 3 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" (in French). Ultratop 50.
Jump up ^ "Hot 100 Billboard Brasil – weekly". Billboard Brasil. 15 February 2016. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
Jump up ^ "Robin Schulz Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert {{{year}}}{{{week}}} into search.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201539 into search.
Jump up ^ "Danishcharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Tracklisten.
Jump up ^ "Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates: Sugar" (in Finnish). Musiikkituottajat – IFPI Finland.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" (in French). Les classement single.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". GfK Entertainment Charts.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Dance Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Rádiós Top 40 játszási lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Single (track) Top 40 lista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége.
Jump up ^ "Chart Track: Week 43, 2015". Irish Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Italiancharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Top Digital Download.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 6 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". VG-lista.
Jump up ^ "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Airplay Top 100. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "Listy bestsellerów, wyróżnienia :: Związek Producentów Audio-Video". Polish Dance Top 50. Retrieved 11 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "EMA Top 10 Airplay: Week Ending 2015-10-27". Entertainment Monitoring Africa. Retrieved 28 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Singles Digital Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 20161 into search.
Jump up ^ "SloTop50: Slovenian official singles weekly chart". SloTop50. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Spanishcharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" Canciones Top 50. Retrieved 23 February 2016.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Singles Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Swiss Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 16 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Official Dance Singles Chart Top 40". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 16 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Robin Schulz Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved 15 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Robin Schulz Chart History (Hot Dance/Electronic Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Robin Schulz Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Robin Schulz Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts - End of Year Charts - Top 100 Singles 2015". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Single-Jahrescharts". GfK Entertainment (in German). offiziellecharts.de. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Classifiche "Top of the Music" 2015 FIMI-GfK: La musica italiana in vetta negli album e nei singoli digitali" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved January 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top Selling Singles of 2015". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 25 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Airplay – podsumowanie 2015 roku" (in Polish). Polish Society of the Phonographic Industry. Retrieved December 30, 2015.
Jump up ^ "SloTop50: Slovenian official year end singles chart". slotop50.si. Retrieved 5 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Anual 2016". Monitor Latino. Archived from the original on 22 August 2017. Retrieved 21 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rapports Annuels 2016". Hung Medien. Retrieved 29 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "As 100 Mais Tocadas nas Rádios Jovens em 2016". Billboard Brasil (in Portuguese). January 4, 2017. Retrieved September 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Track Top-100, 2016". Hitlisten.NU. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Jahrescharts 2016". GfK Entertainment (in German). viva.tv. Retrieved 1 January 2017.
Jump up ^ "Classifiche "Top of the Music" 2016 FIMI-GfK: La musica italiana in vetta negli album e nei singoli digitali" (Click on Scarica allegato to download the zipped file containing the year-end chart PDF documents) (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jaaroverzichten - Single 2016". Hung Medien. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Top Selling Singles of 2016". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 25 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Schweizer Jahreshitparade 2016 – hitparade.ch". Hung Medien. Retrieved 2 January 2017.
Jump up ^ "End of Year Singles Chart Top 100 – 2016". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 31 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Rádiós Top 100 - hallgatottsági adatok alapján - 2017". Mahasz. Retrieved 17 February 2018.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Gavin (20 February 2016). "ARIA Singles: Lukas Graham '7 Years' Is No 1". Noise11. Retrieved 20 February 2016.
Jump up ^ "Austrian single certifications – Robin Schulz – Sugar" (in German). IFPI Austria. Retrieved 27 November 2017. Enter Robin Schulz in the field Interpret. Enter Sugar in the field Titel. Select single in the field Format. Click Suchen
Jump up ^ "Ultratop − Goud en Platina – 2016". Ultratop. Hung Medien. Retrieved March 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Canadian single certifications – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Music Canada.
Jump up ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Robin Schulz; 'Sugar')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved 17 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Italian single certifications – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar" (in Italian). Federazione Industria Musicale Italiana. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "New Zealand single certifications". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved 22 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates; 'Sugar')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien. Retrieved 29 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 16 July 2017. Enter Sugar in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Robin Schulz feat. Francesco Yates – Sugar". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "Going for Adds: December 2015 Mainstream". FMQB. Archived from the original on August 25, 2015. Retrieved November 27, 2015.
[hide]
v
t
e
Robin Schulz
Discography
Studio albums
Prayer (2014)
Sugar (2015)
Uncovered (2017)
Singles
Non-album singles
"Rain"
"Feeling"
"To You"
"Stone"
"Same"
Prayer
"Waves" (remix)
"Prayer in C" (remix)
"Willst Du"
"Sun Goes Down"
Sugar
"Headlights"
"Sugar"
"Yellow"
"Show Me Love"
"Heatwave"
Uncovered
"Shed a Light"
"OK"
"I Believe I'm Fine"
Related articles
Mr Probz
Lilly Wood and the Prick
Jasmine Thompson
Francesco Yates
Warner Music Group
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sugar_(Robin_Schulz_song)&oldid=828497296"
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