text:
Kym Karath
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Kym Karath
Born
Anthea Kimberly Karath
(1958-08-04) August 4, 1958 (age 59)
Los Angeles, California
Years active
1963–1981; 1988
Spouse(s)
Philippe L'Equilbec (m. 1985; div. 2005)
Children
1
Anthea Kimberly "Kym" Karath (born August 4, 1958 in Los Angeles, California, U.S.)[1] is an American actress, best known for her role as Gretl, the youngest of the Von Trapp children, in The Sound of Music.
Contents
[hide]
1 Career
2 Personal life
3 Filmography
4 References
5 External links
Career[edit]
Kym Karath started her career at the age of three, appearing in Spencer's Mountain with Henry Fonda and Veronica Cartwright in 1963 (she would subsequently work with Veronica's younger sister Angela Cartwright in The Sound of Music). Also in 1963, she was seen in The Thrill of It All with Doris Day and James Garner. In 1964, she was seen in Good Neighbor Sam with Jack Lemmon.
Kym is best remembered for her role in The Sound of Music, where she played the youngest child, Gretl Von Trapp.
During her appearance on The Ellen DeGeneres Show, Julie Andrews was asked about working with the Von Trapp children. She replied, "They were all lovely. However, the youngest one (Karath) was probably the most difficult for me, because she was just a tad heavy in those days. Today, she is this amazing gorgeous looking Monroe-esque young lady."
After The Sound of Music Kym primarily appeared in American television, including appearances in Family Affair, The Brady Bunch and Lost in Space. She remains friends with the other 'Von Trapp' children today, and in 2000 she went back to Salzburg with them, filming a documentary about the making of the film.
She is still currently working with them in new upcoming films. In 2015, she guest judged a "Cake Wars" episode in which Kym Karath also guest judged for "The Sound of Music" 50th anniversary.
Personal life[edit]
Karath's family was Greek – her original surname was Karathanasis, but it was changed to Karath by her father. She has an older sister, Francie, who auditioned for the eldest Von Trapp child in The Sound of Music, a role that eventually went to Charmian Carr.
Karath graduated from the University of Southern California with a degree in Humanities, and shortly after that she moved to Paris, France where she studied art history and modeled as well. At the age of 26, she married Philippe L'Equilbec; their son, Eric was born in 1991. Thereafter she left acting for a while and lived in Greenwich, Connecticut, before resuming acting in 2005.[1][2]
Karath has said she still is not fond of water after nearly drowning in the boat scene in The Sound of Music, as she could not swim.[2]
Filmography[edit]
Midnight Offerings (1981) (TV) as Monique
Archie Bunker's Place as Pretty Girl (1 episode, 1980)
The Waltons as Mabel (1 episode, 1973)
The Brady Bunch as Kerry Hathaway (1 episode, 1972)
All My Children (1970) TV series as Kristen (unknown episodes, 1988)
Family Affair as Barbara (3 episodes, 1966–1971)
Lost in Space as Princess (1 episode, 1966)
Lassie as Kathy Vaughn (1 episode, 1966)
Dr. Kildare (2 episodes, 1966)
On The Run as the girls on the train. (Un-sold pilot episode, 1966)
My Three Sons as Pammy (1 episode, 1965)
Peyton Place as Susan (1 episode, 1965)
The Sound of Music (1965) as Gretl
Good Neighbor Sam (1964) as Denise Bissel
The Thrill of It All (1963) as Maggie Boyer
Spencer's Mountain (1963) (uncredited) as Pattie-Cake Spencer
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "'The Sound of Music' Never Ends". New York Times. July 17, 2005. Retrieved Feb 12, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Von Trapp Family Reunites!". ABC News. Nov 11, 2005. Retrieved Feb 12, 2013.
External links[edit]
Kym Karath on IMDb
Kym Karath at the TCM Movie Database
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 49433631
ISNI: 0000 0001 1472 2520
BNF: cb141923153 (data)
MusicBrainz: d046260a-e560-478a-92ad-c5baff5b535e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kym_Karath&oldid=817112771"
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The Scream
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
related works by Edvard Munch
For other uses, see The Scream (disambiguation).
The Scream
Norwegian: Skrik,
German: Der Schrei der Natur
Artist
Edvard Munch
Year
1893
Type
Oil, tempera, pastel and crayon on cardboard
Dimensions
91 cm × 73.5 cm (36 in × 28.9 in)
Location
National Gallery and Munch Museum, Oslo, Norway
The Scream (Norwegian: Skrik) is the popular name given to multiple versions of a composition by Norwegian Expressionist artist Edvard Munch between 1893 and 1910. The German title Munch gave these works is Der Schrei der Natur (The Scream of Nature). The works show a figure with an agonized expression against a landscape with a tumultuous orange sky. Arthur Lubow has described The Scream as "an icon of modern art, a Mona Lisa for our time."[1]
Edvard Munch created four versions in paint and pastels. The National Gallery in Oslo, Norway, holds one of two painted versions (1893, shown at right). The Munch Museum holds the other painted version (1910, see gallery, below) and also a pastel version from 1893. These three versions have seldom traveled,[2] though the 1893 pastel was exhibited at the Van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam in 2015.[3] The second pastel version from 1895 was sold for $119,922,600 at Sotheby's Impressionist and Modern Art auction on 2 May 2012 to financier Leon Black,[4][5] the fourth highest nominal price paid for a painting at auction[6] and was displayed in the Museum of Modern Art in New York from October 2012 to April 2013.[7]
In 1895 Munch created a lithograph stone from which several prints produced by Munch survive.[8] Only approximately four dozen prints were made before the original stone was resurfaced by the printer in Munch's absence.[9]
Both painted versions have been the targets of high-profile art thefts. During the 1994 Olympics the version in the National Gallery was stolen and recovered several months later. In 2004 gunmen took both The Scream and Madonna from the Munch Museum; both were recovered two years later.
Contents
1 Sources of inspiration
2 Painting materials
3 Thefts
3.1 1994 theft
3.2 2004 theft
4 Record sale at auction
5 In popular culture
6 Gallery
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Sources of inspiration[edit]
Edvard Munch, 1921
The original German title given by Munch to his work was Der Schrei der Natur ("The Scream of Nature"). The Norwegian title, Skrik, is cognate with the English "shriek".[citation needed][clarification needed] Occasionally, the painting also has been called The Cry.
In his diary in an entry headed "Nice 22 January 1892", Munch wrote:
I was walking along the road with two friends – the sun was setting – suddenly the sky turned blood red – I paused, feeling exhausted, and leaned on the fence – there was blood and tongues of fire above the blue-black fjord and the city – my friends walked on, and I stood there trembling with anxiety – and I sensed an infinite scream passing through nature.[10]
He later described his inspiration for the image:
One evening I was walking along a path, the city was on one side and the fjord below. I felt tired and ill. I stopped and looked out over the fjord—the sun was setting, and the clouds turning blood red. I sensed a scream passing through nature; it seemed to me that I heard the scream. I painted this picture, painted the clouds as actual blood. The color shrieked. This became The Scream.[11]
Among theories advanced to account for the reddish sky in the background is the artist's memory of the effects of the powerful volcanic eruption of Krakatoa, which deeply tinted sunset skies red in parts of the Western hemisphere for months during 1883 and 1884, about a decade before Munch painted The Scream.[12] This explanation has been disputed by scholars, who note that Munch was an expressive painter and was not primarily interested in literal renderings of what he had seen. Alternatively, it has been suggested that the proximity of both a slaughterhouse and a lunatic asylum to the site depicted in the painting may have offered some inspiration.[13] The scene was identified as being the view from a road overlooking Oslo, the Oslofjord and Hovedøya, from the hill of Ekeberg.[14] At the time of painting the work, Munch's manic depressive sister Laura Catherine was a patient at the asylum at the foot of Ekeberg.
In 1978, the Munch scholar Robert Rosenblum suggested that the strange, sexless creature in the foreground of the painting was inspired by a Peruvian mummy, which Munch could have seen at the 1889 Exposition Universelle in Paris. This mummy, which was buried in a fetal position with its hands alongside its face, also struck the imagination of Munch's friend Paul Gauguin: it stood as a model for figures in more than twenty of Gauguin's paintings, among those the central figure in his painting, Human misery (Grape harvest at Arles) and for the old woman at the left in his painting, Where Do We Come From? What Are We? Where Are We Going?.[15] In 2004, an Italian anthropologist speculated that Munch might have seen a mummy in Florence's Museum of Natural History, which bears an even more striking resemblance to the painting.[16] Nonetheless, later studies have confirmed Rosenblum's suggestion, disproving the Italian theory, for Munch had not been to Florence until after painting The Scream.[17]
The imagery of The Scream has been compared to that which an individual suffering from depersonalization disorder experiences, a feeling of distortion of the environment and one's self,[18][19] and also facial pain in the form of Trigeminal neuralgia.[20]
Painting materials[edit]
The material composition of the 1893 painted version was examined in 2010.[21] The pigment analysis revealed the use of cadmium yellow, vermilion, ultramarine and viridian among other pigments in use in the 19th century.[22]
Thefts[edit]
The Scream has been the target of a number of thefts and theft attempts. Some damage has been suffered in these thefts.
Two men breaking into the National Gallery, Oslo, to steal the gallery's (1893 tempera on cardboard) version of The Scream, February 1994
1994 theft[edit]
On 12 February 1994, the same day as the opening of the 1994 Winter Olympics in Lillehammer, two men broke into the National Gallery, Oslo, and stole its version of The Scream, leaving a note reading "Thanks for the poor security".[23][24] The painting had been moved down to a second-story gallery[25] as part of the Olympic festivities.[26] After the gallery refused to pay a ransom demand of US$1 million in March 1994, Norwegian police set up a sting operation with assistance from the British police (SO10) and the Getty Museum and the painting was recovered undamaged on 7 May 1994.[25] In January 1996, four men were convicted in connection with the theft, including Pål Enger, who had been convicted of stealing Munch's Vampire in 1988.[27] They were released on appeal on legal grounds: the British agents involved in the sting operation had entered Norway under false identities.[28]
2004 theft[edit]
The 1910 version of The Scream was stolen on 22 August 2004, during daylight hours, when masked gunmen entered the Munch Museum in Oslo and stole it and Munch's Madonna.[29] A bystander photographed the robbers as they escaped to their car with the artwork. On 8 April 2005, Norwegian police arrested a suspect in connection with the theft, but the paintings remained missing and it was rumored that they had been burned by the thieves to destroy evidence.[30][31] On 1 June 2005, with four suspects already in custody in connection with the crime, the city government of Oslo offered a reward of 2 million Norwegian krone (roughly US$313,500 or €231,200) for information that could help locate the paintings.[32] Although the paintings remained missing, six men went on trial in early 2006, variously charged with either helping to plan or participating in the robbery. Three of the men were convicted and sentenced to between four and eight years in prison in May 2006, and two of the convicted, Bjørn Hoen and Petter Tharaldsen, were also ordered to pay compensation of 750 million kroner (roughly US$117.6 million or €86.7 million) to the City of Oslo.[33] The Munch Museum was closed for ten months for a security overhaul.[34]
On 31 August 2006, Norwegian police announced that a police operation had recovered both The Scream and Madonna, but did not reveal detailed circumstances of the recovery. The paintings were said to be in a better-than-expected condition. "We are 100 percent certain they are the originals," police chief Iver Stensrud told a news conference. "The damage was much less than feared."[35][36] Munch Museum director Ingebjørg Ydstie confirmed the condition of the paintings, saying it was much better than expected and that the damage could be repaired.[37] The Scream had moisture damage on the lower left corner, while Madonna suffered several tears on the right side of the painting as well as two holes in Madonna's arm.[38] Before repairs and restoration began, the paintings were put on public display by the Munch Museum beginning 27 September 2006. During the five-day exhibition, 5,500 people viewed the damaged paintings. The conserved works went back on display on 23 May 2008, when the exhibition "Scream and Madonna — Revisited" at the Munch Museum in Oslo displayed the paintings together.[39] Some damage to The Scream may prove impossible to repair, but the overall integrity of the work has not been compromised.[40][41]
Record sale at auction[edit]
The 1895 pastel-on-board version of the work, owned by Norwegian businessman Petter Olsen, sold at Sotheby's in London for a record price of nearly US$120 million at auction on 2 May 2012.[42][43] The bidding started at $40 million and lasted for over 12 minutes when American businessman Leon Black by phone gave the final offer of US$119,922,500, including the buyer's premium.[5] Sotheby's said the work was the most colorful and vibrant of the four versions painted by Munch and the only version whose frame was hand-painted by the artist to include his poem, detailing the work's inspiration.[2] After the sale, Sotheby's auctioneer Tobias Meyer said the work was "worth every penny", adding: "It is one of the great icons of art in the world and whoever bought it should be congratulated."[44]
The previous record for the most expensive work of art sold at auction had been held by Picasso's Nude, Green Leaves and Bust, which went for US$106.5 million at Christie's two years prior on 4 May 2010.[45]
In popular culture[edit]
"The Silence" from Doctor Who, have an appearance partially based on The Scream.
In the late twentieth century, The Scream was imitated, parodied, and (following its copyright expiration) outright copied, which led to it acquiring an iconic status in popular culture. It was used on the cover of some editions of Arthur Janov's book The Primal Scream.[46] In 1983–1984, pop artist Andy Warhol made a series of silk prints copying works by Munch, including The Scream. His stated intention was to desacralize the painting by making it into a mass-reproducible object. Munch had already begun that process, however, by making a lithograph of the work for reproduction. Erró's ironic and irreverent treatment of Munch's masterpiece in his acrylic paintings The Second Scream (1967) and Ding Dong (1979) is considered a characteristic of post-modern art.[47] The expression of Kevin McCallister (Macaulay Culkin) in the poster for the movie Home Alone was inspired by The Scream. Cartoonist Gary Larson included a "tribute" to The Scream (entitled The Whine) in his Wiener Dog Art painting and cartoon compilation, in which the central figure is replaced by a howling dachshund. The Scream has been used in advertising, in cartoons such as The Simpsons, films, and on television.
The principal alien antagonists depicted in the 2011 BBC series of Doctor Who, named "The Silence", have an appearance partially based on The Scream.[48] In 2001, Big Finish Productions did an audio, Dust Breeding, featuring the Seventh Doctor attempting to acquire The Scream from an art gallery in the future where it was destined to disappear in mysterious circumstances, but learned that it contained an ancient psychic weapon known as the Warp Core, which became trapped in the artist's mind until he 'exorcised' the Warp Core into the painting, with the Master's efforts to take control of the weapon damaging his body and his second attempt resulting in the destruction of the colony.
The Ghostface mask worn by the primary antagonists of the Scream series of horror movies is based on the painting, and was created by Brigitte Sleiertin, a Fun World employee, as a Halloween costume, prior to being discovered by Marianne Maddalena and Wes Craven for the film.[49]
In 2013, The Scream was one of four paintings that the Norwegian postal service chose for a series of stamps marking the 150th anniversary of Edvard Munch’s birth.[50]
A patient resource group for trigeminal neuralgia (which has been described as the most painful condition in existence) have also adopted the image as a symbol of the condition.[51]
The painting features in chapter 12 of Philip K. Dick's novel, Do Androids Dream of Electric Sheep? The two bounty hunters, Deckard and Resch are on the trail of Luba Luft, a suspect android. The painting is described as follows: "The painting showed a hairless, oppressed creature with a head like an inverted pear, its hands clapped in horror to its ears, its mouth open in a vast soundless scream. Twisted ripples of the creature's torment, echoes of its cry, flooded out into the air surrounding it: the man or woman, whichever it was, had become contained by its own howl."
Characters rendered in an art style explicitly resembling the painting are frequently drawn in mangas written by Rumiko Takahashi, such as in Ranma 1/2. Takahashi has expressed fondness for the work.[52]
In most Unicode emoji renderings, U+1F631 😱 FACE SCREAMING IN FEAR is made to resemble the subject of the painting.[53]
US Department of Energy Scream
A simplified version of the subject of the painting is one of the pictographs considered by the US Department of Energy for use as a non-language-specific symbol of danger in order to warn future human civilizations of the presence of radioactive waste.[54]
In 2016, Good Smile Company produced a figma action figure based on The Scream.[55]
Gallery[edit]
1893: pastel on cardboard. As possibly the earliest version of The Scream, this pastel appears to be the sketch in which Munch mapped out the essentials of the composition.
1893: oil, tempera and pastel on cardboard. Perhaps the most recognizable version, located at the National Gallery in Oslo, Norway.
1895: lithograph. About 45 prints were made before the printer repurposed the lithograph stone. A few were hand colored by Munch.
1895: pastel on cardboard, was sold for nearly US$120 million, at Sotheby's, in 2012 and in the private collection of Leon Black.
1910: tempera on cardboard, was stolen from the Munch Museum in 2004, but recovered in 2006.
Undated ink drawing, Bergen Kunstmuseum
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Arthur Lubow, Edvard Munch: Beyond The Scream, Smithsonian magazine, March 2006, (retrieved 29 March 2013)
^ Jump up to: a b Carol Vogel (17 September 2012). "'Scream' to Go on View at MoMA". The New York Times. Retrieved 18 September 2012.
Jump up ^ Jonathan Jones (23 September 2015). "Side by side, Edvard Munch and Vincent van Gogh scream the birth of expressionism". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
Jump up ^ Vogel, Carol (2 May 2012). "'The Scream' Is Auctioned for a Record $119.9 Million". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Crow, Kelly (11 July 2012). "Munch's "The Scream" Sold to Financier Leon Black". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 22 August 2012.
Jump up ^ Carol Vogel, At $142.4 Million, Triptych Is the Most Expensive Artwork Ever Sold at an Auction, The New York Times, 12 November 2013
Jump up ^ "Edvard Munch: The Scream". Museum of Modern Art. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Scream". Becoming Edvard Munch – Influence, Anxiety, and Myth. Art Institute of Chicago. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Alan Parker (2 May 2012). "Will The Real Scream Please Stand Up". Archived from the original on 7 July 2012. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Peter Aspden (21 April 2012). "So, what does 'The Scream' mean?". Financial Times.
Jump up ^ "Quick Facts". Becoming Edvard Munch. The Art Institute of Chicago. Retrieved 6 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Olson, Donald W.; Russell L. Doescher; Marilynn S. Olson (May 2005). "The Blood-Red Sky of the Scream". APS News. American Physical Society. 13 (5). Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Existential Superstar: Another look at Edvard Munch's The Scream" Slate.com Slate (22 November 2005). Retrieved 10 November 2008.
Jump up ^ Egan, Bob. ""The Scream" (various media 1893–1910) – Edvard Munch – Painting Location: Oslo, Norway". PopSpots. Archived from the original on 23 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "La momia de un sarcófago de la cultura Chachapoyas en la obra de Paul Gauguin". ResearchGate. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Italian Mummy Source of 'Scream'?". Discovery Channel. 7 September 2004. Archived from the original on 11 October 2004. Retrieved 12 December 2006. (waybacked mirror).
Jump up ^ "Edvard Munch y la Momia de un sarcófago de la Cultura Chachapoyas". ResearchGate. Retrieved 12 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Christopher G. Williams, Lee Dellon, and Gedge D. Rosson (5 March 2009). "Management of Chronic Facial Pain". Craniomaxillofac Trauma Reconstr. 2 (2): 67–76. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1202593. PMC 3052669. PMID 22110799. CS1 maint: Uses authors parameter (link)
Jump up ^ Simeon, Daphne; Abugel, Jeffrey (2006). Feeling Unreal: Depersonalization Disorder and the Loss of the Self. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 127. ISBN 0-19-517022-9.
Jump up ^ Williams, Christopher; Dellon, A.; Rosson, Gedge (5 March 2009). "Management of Chronic Facial Pain". Craniomaxillofacial Trauma and Reconstruction. 2 (02): 067–076. doi:10.1055/s-0029-1202593. PMC 3052669. PMID 22110799.
Jump up ^ Brian Singer, Trond Aslaksby, Biljana Topalova-Casadiego and Eva Storevik Tveit, Investigation of Materials Used by Edvard Munch, Studies in Conservation 55, 2010, pp. 1–19. Available also on issuu.com
Jump up ^ Edvard Munch, 'The Scream', ColourLex
Jump up ^ "4 Norwegians Guilty In Theft of 'The Scream'". The New York Times. AP. 18 January 1996. Retrieved 22 May 2009.
Jump up ^ Alex Bello: From the archive, 9 May 1994: Edvard Munch's stolen Scream recovered in undercover sting The Guardian, 9 May 2012
^ Jump up to: a b Dolnick, Edward (June 2005). The Rescue Artist: A True Story of Art, Thieves, and the Hunt for a Missing Masterpiece. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-053117-1.
Jump up ^ "On this day: Art thieves snatch Scream". BBC News Online. 12 February 1994. Retrieved 31 August 2006.
Jump up ^ "Master plan". The Guardian. 13 June 2005. Retrieved 21 December 2007.
Jump up ^ Matthew Hart, The Irish Game: A True Story of Crime and Art, Viking Canada, 2004, p. 184.
Jump up ^ "Scream stolen from Norway museum". BBC News. 22 August 2004. Retrieved 3 September 2006.
Jump up ^ "Oslo police arrest Scream suspect". BBC News. 8 April 2005. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Famous Munch paintings destroyed?". Norway Post. 28 April 2005. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Reward offered for Scream return". BBC News. 1 June 2005. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Three guilty of The Scream theft". BBC News. 2 May 2006. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Entertainment | Scream theft museum reopens doors". BBC News. 18 June 2005. Retrieved 5 May 2012.
Jump up ^ "Munch paintings recovered". Aftenposten. 31 August 2006. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Stolen Munch paintings found safe". BBC News. 31 August 2006. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Munch paintings 'can be repaired'". BBC News. 1 September 2006. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Museum to exhibit damaged Munch paintings". Aftenposten. 12 October 2006. Archived from the original on 4 January 2008. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Munch Museum". Munch.museum.no. Archived from the original on 12 August 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "About the conservation of The Scream and Madonna". Munch Museum. Archived from the original on 5 January 2008. Retrieved 22 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "'The Scream' to go back on display after 2004 heist". AFP. 3 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "'The Scream' Is Auctioned for a Record $119.9 Million". The New York Times. 3 May 2012.
Jump up ^ "Top 10 Most Expensive Painting Ever Sold". NewsFlashing.com.
Jump up ^ "Edvard Munch's iconic artwork The Scream sold for $120m". BBC News. BBC. 3 May 2012. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Michaud, Chris (3 May 2012). ""The Scream" sells for record $120 million at auction". Reuters. Retrieved 3 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Janov, Arthur. (1977). The Primal Scream. New York: Abacus. ISBN 0-349-11834-5.
Jump up ^ "Scream on the Surface". Munch-Museet. Retrieved 29 May 2005.
Jump up ^ "Doctor Who boss says season start is 'darkest yet'". BBC. 5 April 2011. Retrieved 7 April 2011.
Jump up ^ Kendzior, Sarah (January 2000). "The Face of "Scream"". Fangoria. Starlog Group Inc. (189): 29.
Jump up ^ NTB: Munchs «Skrik» blir frimerke (in Norwegian) Dagbladet, 13 February 2013
Jump up ^ "Facial Neuralgia Resources". Trigeminal Neuralgia Resources / Facial Neuralgia Resources. Retrieved 8 May 2013.
Jump up ^ "http://www.geocities.jp/ranmaurusei82/ranma/ranma1104.html". External link in |title= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "😱 Face Screaming in Fear". Emojipedia. Retrieved 21 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "Permanent Markers Implementation Plan. August 19, 2004, United States Department of Energy Waste Isolation Pilot Plant" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "figma The Scream". Good Smile Company. Retrieved 7 November 2016.
Further reading[edit]
Temkin, A., The Scream: Edvard Munch, Museum of Modern Art 2012
Heller, R., Edvard Munch: The Scream, Penguin, London 1973
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Scream by Edvard Munch.
Edvard Munch – Biography and Paintings
Munch and The Scream – Discussion in the In Our Time series on the BBC.
The Scream – Zoomable version
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The Dells
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about R&B group. For the Wisconsin geologic feature or vacation destination, see Wisconsin Dells (disambiguation). For other uses, see Dell (disambiguation).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Dells
The Dells in 1967: (Top row,L-R): Mickey McGill, Marvin Junior,Verne Allison.(Bottom row, L-R): Chuck Barksdale, Johnny Carter.
Background information
Also known as
The El-Rays, The Mighty Dells
Origin
Harvey, Illinois, U.S.
Genres
R&B, doo-wop, soul
Years active
1952–2012
Labels
Cadet/Chess, Vee-Jay, Mercury, ABC, 20th Century Fox, Ichiban, Virgin, Philadelphia International, Volt
Website
Themightydells.com
Past members
Marvin Junior (deceased)
Verne Allison
Mickey McGill
Chuck Barksdale
Johnny Funches (deceased)
Lucius McGill
Johnny Carter (deceased)
The Dells were an American R&B vocal group. Formed in high school in 1952 by founding members Marvin Junior, Verne Allison, Johnny Funches, Chuck Barksdale, and Mickey and Lucius McGill, under the name the El-Rays, they released their first recording in 1954, and two years later, had their first R&B hit with "Oh What a Night". After disbanding due to a near-fatal car crash in 1958, the band reformed in 1960 with Funches being replaced by Johnny Carter. This lineup remained together until Carter's 2009 death.[1] The Dells were inducted to the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Vocal Group Hall of Fame in 2004. The vocal group performed until illness forced longtime lead singer Marvin Junior and bass vocalist Chuck Barksdale into retirement, ending the group's 60-year run.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Early career
1.2 Successful years
1.3 Later years
1.4 Deaths
2 Members
2.1 Timeline
3 Discography
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Early career[edit]
The Dells grew up in Harvey, Illinois and began singing together while attending Thornton Township High School. Forming in 1952 under the name the El-Rays, the group initially consisted of Marvin Junior, Mickey McGill, Lucius McGill, Verne Allison, Chuck Barksdale, and Johnny Funches. Lucius soon left the group and the remaining quintet signed with Checker Records, releasing their first single, "Darling I Know," which flopped.
In 1955, the group renamed themselves the Dells and signed with Vee-Jay Records. In 1956, they recorded their first hit, "Oh, What a Night" (a song co-written by Johnny Funches, who also sang lead on the recording alongside Marvin Junior[2]), which hit the Top 5 of the R&B singles chart. It sold over one million copies, and was awarded a gold disc.[3] The song is ranked #260 on the Rolling Stone magazine's list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. In November 1958, the Dells suffered a car accident that left McGill in a hospital in Ohio for six months. The group temporarily disbanded and Barksdale sung as a member of Harvey Fuqua's spinoff Moonglows act, Harvey and the Moonglows, which included a young Marvin Gaye. In 1961, the Dells reunited and auditioned for Dinah Washington. After Washington agreed to hire them, Johnny Funches left the group to take care of his family. Funches was replaced by Flamingos founding member Johnny Carter and sung background for Washington for two years. In 1966, Ray Charles hired them to be opening acts, only to fire them after their performance gave them several standing ovations.[citation needed] The group would also sing background for Barbara Lewis, mainly on Lewis' 1963 hit, "Hello Stranger", while also working with Quincy Jones, who helped to fine-tune their vocals for standards and jazz material.
Successful years[edit]
In 1966, the Dells returned to Chess under the label's Cadet subsidiary working with Bobby Miller and future Earth, Wind & Fire arranger Charles Stepney. In 1967, the Dells issued the album There Is which included their first R&B chart-topper in years with the title track, which showcased the sharp baritone of Marvin Junior and the harmonies with the four other Dells. The song was also their first top 20 pop hit.
Subsequent R&B hits included "Wear It on Our Face," "Always Together" (Top 20 Pop, "I Can Sing a Rainbow - Love is Blue (medley)" (UK #15),[4] and their first #1 R&B hit and first Top Ten pop hit, 1968's "Stay in My Corner," which reached #10 on the pop chart and showcased both Carter and Marvin in lead vocals. The Dells' soulful version of their debut hit, "Oh What a Night" gave the group their second chart-topping R&B single and also reached the top ten on the Billboard Hot 100. For a second time, the song sold over a million copies.[3] Subsequent hits included "Open Up My Heart," "Oh What A Day," and "On the Dock of the Bay." In 1971, the Dells' "The Love We Had Stays on My Mind" became another Top Ten hit on the R&B charts, also reaching the pop Top 30. By this time Charles Stepney had taken over production duties from Bobby Miller. 1973's "Give Your Baby a Standing Ovation" was their third certified gold record.[3] The song was written by L.V. Johnson[5] and produced by Don Davis.
Later years[edit]
Leaving Cadet around the end of 1974 with the parent company in financial difficulties, the group would continue recording in order under the Mercury, ABC, and Virgin labels finding some hits, including 1980's "I Touched a Dream", which returned the group to the top 40 on the R&B charts. The Dells were confined mostly to the oldies market afterwards until they were asked to be creative consultants to Robert Townsend's acclaimed 1991 musical, The Five Heartbeats, which was loosely based on the lives of the Dells. The group recorded a composition titled "A Heart Is a House for Love". The song reached number 13 on the Billboard R&B chart, making them only one of two groups to have hit singles in five decades. The following year, signing with PIR, they released the album, I Salute You. The Dells continued performing and recording sporadically in the early years of the new millennium. In 2004, the group were inducted to both the Vocal Group Hall of Fame and the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. The group continued performing until 2012.
Deaths[edit]
Original Dells vocalist Johnny Funches died of pneumonia on January 23, 1998, at the age of 62.
Johnny Carter died of cancer on August 21, 2009, at the age of 75.[6] Carter is one of the few artists to be a double Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductee, having been inducted with The Flamingos in 2001, and the Dells in 2004.
On May 29, 2013, founding member Marvin Junior died in his sleep at his home in Harvey, Illinois, succumbing to complications of kidney failure and a weak heart at the age of 77.[7]
Members[edit]
Marvin Junior (born Marvin Curtis Junior, January 31, 1936, Harrell, Arkansas[8] – May 29, 2013) - lead baritone, lead vocals (1952-1958, 1960–2012)
Verne Allison (b. June 22, 1936, Chicago) - second tenor, background vocals (1952-1958, 1960-2012)
Mickey McGill (b. February 17, 1937, Chicago) - baritone, background vocals (1952–1958, 1960-2012)
Chuck Barksdale (b. January 11, 1935, Chicago) - bass, background vocals (1952–1958, 1960-2012)
Johnny Funches (July 18, 1935, Chicago – January 23, 1998) - first tenor, lead vocals (1952–58, 1960-1961)
Lucius McGill (b. 1935, Chicago) - second tenor, background vocals (1952–54)
Johnny Carter (June 2, 1934, Chicago – August 21, 2009) - first tenor/falsetto, lead vocals (1961–2009)
Timeline[edit]
Discography[edit]
Main article: The Dells discography
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Steve Huey. "The Dells | Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 2015-08-24.
Jump up ^ "Johnny Funches (The Dells)". Rockabillyeurope.com. Retrieved 2012-03-26.
^ Jump up to: a b c Murrells, Joseph (1978). The Book of Golden Discs (2nd ed.). London: Barrie and Jenkins Ltd. pp. 81, 258 & 327. ISBN 0-214-20512-6.
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 150. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ Wynn, Ron. "L.V. Johnson". Allmusic. Retrieved May 27, 2010.
Jump up ^ Doc Rock. "The Dead Rock Stars Club 2009 July to December". Thedeadrockstarsclub.com. Retrieved 2015-08-24.
Jump up ^ "'Oh What a Night' singer Marvin Junior dies at 77". ABC 7 News Chicago. May 29, 2013. Retrieved May 29, 2013.
Jump up ^ Terence McArdle (June 4, 2013). "Marvin Junior, founding member of doo-wop group Dells, dies at 77". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved April 8, 2015.
External links[edit]
The Dells official website
The Dells Marvin Junior Lead Singer of The Dells Official Obituary Website
"The Dells". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.
The Dells at Vocal Group Hall of Fame
An interview with Michael McGill in June 2012 at Soul Express
Many comments from Marvin Junior along his career at Soul Express
hide
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e
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Class of 2004
Performers
Jackson Browne
The Dells (Verne Allison, Chuck Barksdale, Johnny Carter, Johnny Funches, Marvin Junior, Michael McGill)
George Harrison
Prince
Bob Seger
Traffic (Jim Capaldi, Dave Mason, Steve Winwood, Chris Wood)
ZZ Top (Frank Beard, Billy Gibbons, Dusty Hill)
Lifetime achievement
Jann Wenner
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
GND: 5566258-4
ISNI: 0000 0001 1281 9150
MusicBrainz: f6794ca6-cbd2-4e3d-a860-85a5ce8c6dbe
VIAF: 143205615
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Dells&oldid=849428145"
Categories:
Musical groups from Chicago
Musical groups established in 1952
Musical groups disestablished in 2012
African-American musical groups
Doo-wop groups
American soul musical groups
Rock and Roll Hall of Fame inductees
Vee-Jay Records artists
Mercury Records artists
Cadet Records artists
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