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May 13: Declassified Documents on the Malaysian Riots of 1969
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May 13: Declassified Documents on the Malaysian Riots of 1969 is a book published in 2007 and written by activist and scholar Dr. Kua Kia Soong on the 13 May Incident of 1969. It was published by the human rights group Suaram on the 38th anniversary of the worst racial riot in Malaysian history, which took place mostly in Kuala Lumpur. The official death toll was 196, but independent reporters and other observers estimated up to ten times as many people had died. Three quarters of the casualties were Chinese Malaysians, and 6000 of them were left homeless after fires. As the title suggests, the book is based on declassified documents, which have become available at the Public Record Office at London.
The book challenges the Malaysian government's official position on the cause of the 13 May Incident. At the time, the government stated the cause was opposition parties' creating tensions after the 1969 elections. In contrast, Kua stated that the "ascendent state capitalist class" in the United Malays National Organisation (UMNO), the party in power, had intentionally started the riot as a coup d'etat to topple the Tunku, traditional Malay Rulers, from power.[1][2]
Due to the book's charges, numerous politicians called for it to be banned.[3] The Internal Security Ministry seized 10 copies from a major bookstore in Kuala Lumpur several days after the release of the book.[4] Malaysian Prime Minister Abdullah Badawi later indicated that the government did not plan to ban the book.[5]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Another look at incident on May 13". The Star. 14 May 2007.
Jump up ^ Jeff Ooi (14 May 2007). "Surviving 38 years of the May 13 bloodshed". Archived from the original on 16 May 2007. Retrieved 14 May 2007.
Jump up ^ "New book on 1969 race riots in Malaysia may be banned, officials warn". International Herald Tribune. 16 May 2007. Archived from the original on 11 October 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2007.
Jump up ^ "Ministry seizes controversial May 13 book". Malaysiakini. 15 May 2007. Retrieved 20 May 2007.
Jump up ^ "Malaysian PM rules out ban on race riot book". Radio Australia. 20 June 2007. Retrieved 21 June 2007.
External links[edit]
Synopsis: MAY 13: Declassified Documents on the Malaysian Riots of 1969, Kinibooks.

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chmod
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In Unix-like operating systems, chmod is the command and system call which may change the access permissions to file system objects (files and directories). It may also alter special mode flags. The request is filtered by the umask. The name is an abbreviation of change mode.[1]
Contents
1 History
2 Command syntax
2.1 Octal modes
2.1.1 Numerical permissions
2.1.2 Numeric example
2.2 Symbolic modes
2.2.1 Symbolic examples
2.3 Special modes
2.4 Command line examples
3 System call
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
A chmod command first appeared in AT&T Unix version 1.
As systems grew in number and types of users, access control lists[2] were added to many file systems in addition to these most basic modes to increase flexibility.
Command syntax[edit]
Throughout this document user refers to the owner of the file as a reminder that the symbolic form of the command uses u.
chmod [options] mode[,mode] file1 [file2 ...][3]
Usual implemented options include:
-R Recursive, i.e. include objects in subdirectories
-f force processing to continue if errors occur
-v verbose, show objects changed (unchanged objects are not shown)
If a symbolic link is specified, the target object is affected. File modes directly associated with symbolic links themselves are typically not used.
To view the file mode, the ls or stat commands may be used:
$ ls -l findPhoneNumbers.sh -rwxr-xr-- 1 dgerman staff 823 Dec 16 15:03 findPhoneNumbers.sh $ stat -c %a findPhoneNumbers.sh 754
The r, w, and x specify the read, write, and execute access. The first character of the ls display denotes the object type; a hyphen represents a plain file. This script can be read, written to, and executed by the dgerman, read and executed by members of the staff group and can be read by others.
Octal modes[edit]
See also: Octal notation of file system permissions
The main parts of the chmod permissions:
Example: drwxrwx---
To the right of the "d":
the left three characters rwx define permissions of the user(i.e. the owner).
the middle three characters rwx define permissions of the Group.
the right three characters --- define permissions of Others. In this example users Other than the owning user and members of the Group has no permission to access the file.
Numerical permissions[edit]
The chmod numerical format accepts up to four octal digits. The three rightmost digits refer to permissions for the file user, the group, and others. The optional leading digit, when 4 digits are given, specifies the special setuid, setgid, and sticky flags. Each digit of the three rightmost digits represent a binary value, which it's bits control the read, write and execute respectively, where 1 means allow and 0 means don't. This is similar to the octal notation, but represented in decimal numbers.
#
Permission
rwx
Binary
7 read, write and execute rwx 111
6 read and write rw- 110
5 read and execute r-x 101
4 read only r-- 100
3 write and execute -wx 011
2 write only -w- 010
1 execute only --x 001
0 none --- 000
For example, 754 would allow:
read, write, and execute for the user, as the binary value of 7 is 111, meaning all bits are on.
read and execute for the Group, as the binary value of 5 is 101, meaning read and execute are on but write is off.
read only for Others, as the binary value of 4 is 100, meaning that only read is on.
Numeric example[edit]
Change permissions to permit members of the programmers group to update a file.
$ ls -l sharedFile -rw-r--r-- 1 jsmith programmers 57 Jul 3 10:13 sharedFile $ chmod 664 sharedFile $ ls -l sharedFile -rw-rw-r-- 1 jsmith programmers 57 Jul 3 10:13 sharedFile
Since the setuid, setgid and sticky bits are not specified, this is equivalent to:
$ chmod 0664 sharedFile
Symbolic modes[edit]
See also: Symbolic notation of file system permissions
The chmod command also accepts a finer-grained symbolic notation,[4] which allows modifying specific modes while leaving other modes untouched. The symbolic mode is composed of three components, which are combined to form a single string of text:
$ chmod [references][operator][modes] file ...
Classes of users are used to distinguish to whom the permissions apply. If no classes are specified “all” is implied. The classes are represented by one or more of the following letters:
Reference
Class
Description
u user file's owner
g group members of the file's group
o others users who are neither the file's owner nor members of the file's group
a all all three of the above, same as ugo
The chmod program uses an operator to specify how the modes of a file should be adjusted. The following operators are accepted:
Operator
Description
+ adds the specified modes to the specified classes
- removes the specified modes from the specified classes
= the modes specified are to be made the exact modes for the specified classes
The modes indicate which permissions are to be granted or removed from the specified classes. There are three basic modes which correspond to the basic permissions:
Mode
Name
Description
r read read a file or list a directory's contents
w write write to a file or directory
x execute execute a file or recurse a directory tree
X special execute which is not a permission in itself but rather can be used instead of x. It applies execute permissions to directories regardless of their current permissions and applies execute permissions to a file which already has at least one execute permission bit already set (either user, group or other). It is only really useful when used with '+' and usually in combination with the -R option for giving group or other access to a big directory tree without setting execute permission on normal files (such as text files), which would normally happen if you just used "chmod -R a+rx .", whereas with 'X' you can do "chmod -R a+rX ." instead
s setuid/gid details in Special modes section
t sticky details in Special modes section
Multiple changes can be specified by separating multiple symbolic modes with commas (without spaces). If a user is not specified, chmod will check the umask and the effect will be as if "a" was specified except bits that are set in the umask are not affected.[5]
Symbolic examples[edit]
Add write permission (w) to the group's(g) access modes of a directory, allowing users in the same group to add files:
$ ls -ld shared_dir # show access modes before chmod drwxr-xr-x 2 teamleader usguys 96 Apr 8 12:53 shared_dir $ chmod g+w shared_dir $ ls -ld shared_dir # show access modes after chmod drwxrwxr-x 2 teamleader usguys 96 Apr 8 12:53 shared_dir
Remove write permissions (w) for all classes (a), preventing anyone from writing to the file:
$ ls -l ourBestReferenceFile -rw-rw-r-- 2 teamleader usguys 96 Apr 8 12:53 ourBestReferenceFile $ chmod a-w ourBestReferenceFile $ ls -l ourBestReferenceFile -r--r--r-- 2 teamleader usguys 96 Apr 8 12:53 ourBestReferenceFile
Set the permissions for the user and the group (ug) to read and execute (rx) only (no write permission) on referenceLib, preventing anyone to add files.
$ ls -ld referenceLib drwxr----- 2 teamleader usguys 96 Apr 8 12:53 referenceLib $ chmod ug=rx referenceLib $ ls -ld referenceLib dr-xr-x--- 2 teamleader usguys 96 Apr 8 12:53 referenceLib
Special modes[edit]
See also: File system permissions
The chmod command is also capable of changing the additional permissions or special modes of a file or directory. The symbolic modes use 's' to represent the setuid and setgid modes, and 't' to represent the sticky mode. The modes are only applied to the appropriate classes, regardless of whether or not other classes are specified.
Most operating systems support the specification of special modes using octal modes, but some do not. On these systems, only the symbolic modes can be used.
Command line examples[edit]
Command
Explanation
chmod a+r publicComments.txt adds read permission for all classes (i.e. user, group and others)
chmod +r publicComments.txt adds read permission for all classes depending on umask
chmod a-x publicComments.txt removes execute permission for all classes
chmod a+rx viewer.sh adds read and execute permissions for all classes
chmod u=rw,g=r,o= internalPlan.txt sets read and write permission for user, sets read for group, and denies access for others
chmod -R u+w,go-w docs adds write permission to the directory docs and all its contents (i.e. Recursively) for owner, and removes write permission for group and others
chmod ug=rw groupAgreements.txt sets read and write permissions for user and group
chmod 664 global.txt sets read and write permissions for user and group, and provides read to others.
chmod 0744 myCV.txt sets read, write, and execute permissions for user, and sets read permission for group and others (the 0 specifies no special modes)
chmod 1755 findReslts.sh sets sticky bit, sets read, write, and execute permissions for owner, and sets read and execute permissions for group and others (this suggests that the script be retained in memory)
chmod 4755 setCtrls.sh sets UID, sets read, write, and execute permissions for owner, and sets read and execute permissions for group and others
chmod 2755 setCtrls.sh sets GID, sets read, write, and execute permissions for user, and sets read and execute permissions for group and others
chmod -R u+rwX,g-rwx,o-rx personalStuff Recursively (i.e. on all files and directories in personalStuff) adds read, write, and special execution permissions for user, removes read, write, and execution permissions for group, and removes read and execution permissions for others
chmod -R a-x+X publicDocs Recursively (i.e. on all files and directories in publicDocs) removes execute permission for all classes and adds special execution permission for all classes
System call[edit]
The POSIX standard defines the following function prototype:[6]
int chmod(const char *path, mode_t mode);

The mode parameter is a bitfield composed of various flags:
Flag
Octal value
Purpose
S_ISUID 04000 Set user ID on execution
S_ISGID 02000 Set group ID on execution
S_ISVTX 01000 Sticky bit
S_IRUSR, S_IREAD 00400 Read by user
S_IWUSR, S_IWRITE 00200 Write by user
S_IXUSR, S_IEXEC 00100 Execute/search by user
S_IRGRP 00040 Read by group
S_IWGRP 00020 Write by group
S_IXGRP 00010 Execute/search by group
S_IROTH 00004 Read by others
S_IWOTH 00002 Write by others
S_IXOTH 00001 Execute/search by others
See also[edit]
File system permissions
Modes (Unix)
chattr, the command used to change the attributes of a file or directory on Linux systems
chown, the command used to change the owner of a file or directory on Unix-like systems
chgrp, the command used to change the group of a file or directory on Unix-like systems
cacls, a command used on Windows NT and its derivatives to modify the access control lists associated with a file or directory
attrib
umask, restricts mode (permissions) at file or directory creation on Unix-like systems
User identifier
Group identifier
List of Unix programs
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Tutorial for chmod
Jump up ^ "AIX 5.3 System management". IBM knowledge Center. IBM. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
Jump up ^ chmod
Jump up ^ "AIX 5.5 Commands Reference". IBM Knowledge Center. IBM. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
Jump up ^ http://teaching.idallen.com/cst8207/12f/notes/510_umask.html
Jump up ^ "chmod function". The Open Group Base Specifications Issue 7, 2013 Edition. The Open Group. Retrieved 30 August 2015.
External links[edit]
chmod(1): change file modes – FreeBSD General Commands Manual
chmod(1) – Plan 9 Programmer's Manual, Volume 1
chmod — manual page from GNU coreutils.
GNU "Setting Permissions" manual
CHMOD-Win 3.0 — Freeware Windows' ACL ←→ CHMOD converter.
Beginners tutorial with on-line "live" example
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Donal Logue
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Donal Logue
Logue in 2014
Born
Donal Francis Logue
(1965-02-27) February 27, 1965 (age 53) or (1966-02-27) February 27, 1966 (age 52) (sources vary)
Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
Citizenship
United States, Canada, Ireland
Education
Harvard University[1]
Occupation
Actor
Director
Producer
Writer
Years active
1992–present
Known for
Lee Toric (Sons of Anarchy)
Sean Finnerty (Grounded for Life)
King Horik (Vikings)
Harvey Bullock (Gotham)
Spouse(s)
Kasey Walker (divorced)
Children
2
Donal Francis Logue (born February 27, 1965[2][3] or 1966)[4] (sources vary) is a Canadian-American film and television actor, producer and writer. His roles include starring in the film The Tao of Steve, Sons of Anarchy, Vikings, the sitcom Grounded for Life, the television series Copper and the detective series Terriers. He portrays detective Harvey Bullock in Fox's Gotham and had a recurring role in NBC's Law & Order: Special Victims Unit as Lt. Declan Murphy.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Logue was born in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, to Irish parents from County Kerry.[5][6] His parents were Carmelite missionaries.[3] Logue has three sisters: Karina, Deirdre and Eileen.[7] After high school, Logue studied history at Harvard University.[1]
Career[edit]
After a few TV movies, Logue first appeared in film playing Dr. Gunter Janek in the 1992 film Sneakers. In 1993, he portrayed Capt. Ellis Spear in Gettysburg. In 1993, he guest starred on the Northern Exposure episode "Baby Blues" playing a movie script agent, Judd Bromell. Logue appeared as an FBI agent in The X-Files episode "Squeeze." Logue's character Jimmy The Cab Driver was a staple of MTV promos in the early 1990s. He also appeared in Blade and The Patriot, in 2000. He appeared in two of Edward Burns films: Purple Violets and The Groomsmen.
Logue's portrayal as the lead in The Tao of Steve won him a Special Grand Jury Prize for best actor at the 2000 Sundance Film Festival, and was noticed by ER producer John Wells, who cast Logue in several episodes as Chuck Martin, a nurse Dr. Susan Lewis marries one weekend in Las Vegas on a whim, and later has a child with. Concurrent with the run on ER, Logue starred in the critically acclaimed comedy Grounded for Life. In December 2005, Logue had a pilot development deal for a new situation comedy on ABC television, originally titled I Want to Rob Mick Jagger.[8] The pilot was picked up and debuted in the winter of 2006 under the name The Knights of Prosperity. The show disappeared from the ABC lineup in early March 2007.[9]
Logue also appeared in a supporting role in Just Like Heaven (2005). Logue had appeared as Phil Stubbs in the original pilot for the NBC show Ed, but dropped out to star in the sitcom Grounded for Life. The first two and a half seasons of Grounded for Life were telecast on the Fox network; thereafter, the show moved to The WB for the remainder of its run. In 2002 and 2003, Logue appeared on the VH1 "I Love. . ." series instalments '80s, '70s, and '80s Strikes Back. In 2010, Logue appeared on House, M.D. as millionaire patient Curtis Harry.
Logue also appeared in NBC's The Dennis, in 2005, about a former child prodigy whose parents kick him out of the house and into the real world. It was not picked up, however.[10] Logue co-starred with Nicolas Cage in the movie Ghost Rider, the David Fincher film Zodiac, and alongside Mark Wahlberg in the 20th Century Fox film Max Payne. In 2008, Logue appeared in the Jack Kerouac documentary One Fast Move or I'm Gone: Kerouac's Big Sur. Logue starred as Captain Kevin Tidwell in the NBC crime drama Life from 2008–2009. On May 4, 2009, NBC announced Life would not be returning for a third season.
Logue starred in FX series Terriers which was cancelled due to low ratings, even with great reviews from the press such as the Times. Logue starred as the main character in Theory of a Deadman's music video for the song "Lowlife," off their 2011 release, The Truth Is....
In late 2012, Logue joined the casts of Sons of Anarchy as renegade ex-U.S. Marshal Lee Toric who is out for revenge for the murder of his sister and Vikings as King Horik. In 2013, he joined the cast of BBC America's show Copper as a returning Union General turned Tammany Hall insider, General Brendan Donovan, and he returned to Sons of Anarchy and Vikings to reprise his roles from the previous seasons. Logue had roles in two 2013: CBGB with Alan Rickman and 9 Full Moons with Amy Seimetz and Bret Roberts.
Between March and May 2014, he appeared in six episodes of the NBC police procedural, crime, legal drama, Law & Order: Special Victims Unit as Lieutenant Declan Murphy, a former undercover officer appointed as acting commander of the Special Victims Unit.[11] Since 2014, he has portrayed Harvey Bullock in the police procedural series Gotham, based on the DC Comics Batman franchise.
In 2015, Logue appeared in Adam Massey's thriller film The Intruders.[12]
Personal life[edit]
Logue with his children in Ireland in 2007
Logue travels back and forth to Killarney, County Kerry, Ireland, where his mother lives, and holds both Irish and Canadian citizenship.[13]
Logue has homes in Los Angeles and Oregon.[14] When not acting, Logue is heavily involved in soccer, and regularly plays for the Los Angeles-based amateur team Hollywood United.[1]
Logue has a Class-A Commercial Drivers License and is licensed to drive tractor-trailers with double or triple trailers, tankers and hazardous materials. He has a hardwood company with one partner called Frison-Logue Hardwood, and a trucking company called Aisling Trucking with two partners based out of Central Point, Oregon, which the three founded in 2012.[14][15][16]
Logue was formerly married[1] or in a long-term committed relationship with Kasey Walker,[7] also known as Kasey Smith.[17] They have a son named Finn,[2][3] and a daughter, Jade, born Arlo, who is openly transgender.[18] On June 27, 2017, Logue posted a tweet saying Jade had gone missing; he later deleted it[19][20][21] and launched a wider public appeal for help after contacting police and the National Center for Missing and Exploited Children.[20][22][23] As of July 8, Jade had been found in North Carolina and was returned home safely.[24]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1992 Sneakers Dr. Gunter Janek
1993 Gettysburg Capt. Ellis Spear
And the Band Played On Bobbi Campbell
1994 Disclosure Chance Geer
Little Women Jacob Mayer
1995 Baja Alex Video
Miami Rhapsody Derek
3 Ninjas Knuckle Up Jimmy
1996 Winterlude Chris Hampson Short film
Grave, TheThe Grave Cletus
Eye for an Eye Tony
Diabolique Video Photographer #1
Dear God Webster
Jerry Maguire Rick, Junior Agent
1997 The Size of Watermelons Gnome
Metro Earl
Glam Tom Stone
Men with Guns Goldman Co-executive producer
First Love, Last Rites Red
1998 Blade Quinn
A Bright Shining Lie Steven Burnett
The Thin Red Line Marl Uncredited
1999 Runaway Bride Priest Brian Norris
Big Tease, TheThe Big Tease Eamonn
2000 Tao of Steve, TheThe Tao of Steve Dex
Million Dollar Hotel, TheThe Million Dollar Hotel Charley Best
Reindeer Games Pug
Steal This Movie Stew Albert
Takedown Alex Lowe
Opportunists, TheThe Opportunists Pat Duffy
Patriot, TheThe Patriot Dan Scott
2001 The Château Sonny
2002 Comic Book Villains Raymond McGillicudy
Co-producer
Direct-to-video
2003 Confidence Officer Lloyd Whitworth
American Splendor Stage Actor Harvey
Two Days Ray O'Connor
2005 Tennis, Anyone...? Danny Macklin
Producer
Director
Writer
Just Like Heaven Jack Houriskey
2006 Jack's Law Buzz Uncredited
Groomsmen, TheThe Groomsmen Jimbo
Shark Bait Troy
Voice only
Also known as The Reef
Citizen Duane Uncle Bingo
Almost Heaven Mark Brady
The Ex Don Wollebin
2007 The Good Life Daryll
Ghost Rider Mack
Zodiac Ken Narlow
Purple Violets Chazz Coleman
2008 No Place Like Home Uncle Eddie Short film
Max Payne Alex Balder
2009 Lodger, TheThe Lodger Joe Bunting
2010 Charlie St. Cloud Tink Weatherbee
2011 Shark Night 3D Sheriff Greg Sabin
Oliver Sherman Franklin Page
2012 Reef 2: High Tide, TheThe Reef 2: High Tide Troy
Voice only
Direct-to-video
Kill For Me Hayley's Father
Silent Night Santa Jim Epstein
2013 CBGB Merv Ferguson
2015 The Intruders Jerry Halshford Direct-to-DVD
2018 The Cloverfield Paradox Mark Stambler [25][26]
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1993 X-Files, TheThe X-Files Agent Tom Colton Episode: "Squeeze"
Northern Exposure Judd Bromell, movie script agent Episode: "Baby Blues"
1995 Medicine Ball Dr. Danny Macklin 9 episodes
1996 Public Morals Ken Schuler 13 episodes
1998 Bright Shining Lie, AA Bright Shining Lie Steven Burnett Television film
Felicity Eddie Episode: "Friends"
2001 – 2005 Grounded for Life Sean Finnerty 91 episodes
2003 – 2005 ER Chuck Martin 11 episodes
2007 Knights of Prosperity, TheThe Knights of Prosperity Eugene Gurkin 13 episodes
Monk Gully (uncredited role) Episode: "Mr. Monk Is Up All Night"
2008 – 2009 Life Captain Kevin Tidwell 21 episodes
2010 Terriers Hank Dolworth 13 episodes
2011 House Cyrus Harry Episode: "Changes"
2012 Royal Pains Ernie McGillicuddy 2 episodes
2012 – 2013 Sons of Anarchy Lee Toric 7 episodes
2013 Copper General Brendan Donovan 12 episodes
2013 – 2014 Vikings King Horik Main Role (12 episodes)
2014 – 2015 Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Lt. Declan Murphy Recurring, Seasons 15 - 17
2014 – present Gotham Det. Harvey Bullock Main role (74 episodes)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Rowles, Dustin (December 10, 2013). "10 Things You Probably Didn't Know About The Awesome Donal Logue". Uproxx.com. Retrieved February 15, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Donal Logue Biography". Yahoo! Movies. Archived from the original on October 16, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Donal Logue Biography (1965?-)". FilmReference.com. Archived from the original on June 16, 2017. Retrieved June 27, 2017. Donal Francis Logue; born February 27, 1965 (some sources cite 1966)
Jump up ^ "Donal Logue". NorthernStars.ca. Archived from the original on August 3, 2016. Retrieved June 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stone, Sally (November 21, 2001). "A conversation With Donal Logue". The Spokesman-Review. Spokane, Washington. King Features Syndicate. I was born in Canada. But my parents, who were originally from County Kerry in Ireland, moved to the United States, where I grew up.
Jump up ^ Logue, Donal [@donallogue] (November 7, 2016). "Sorry Ann Coulter" (Tweet). Archived from the original on December 27, 2017. Retrieved July 11, 2017 – via Twitter. "Even people like me, w/4 grandparents and 2 parents from Ireland, born in Canada myself, get to vote. Because I'm American."
^ Jump up to: a b "Donal Logue Biography". TVGuide.com. Retrieved July 3, 2017. Kasey Walker — Ex-significant Other
Jump up ^ The Futon Critic Staff (February 7, 2005). "Breaking News – Development Update: December 2–7". Los Angeles: TheFutonCritic.com. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kimball, Trevor (March 5, 2007). "The Knights of Prosperity: ABC Pulls the Sitcom". TVSseriesFinale.com. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ The Futon Critic Staff (April 4, 2005). "Breaking News – Development Update: April 4". Los Angeles: TheFutonCritic.com. Retrieved December 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Swift, Andy (April 9, 2014). "Law & Order: SVU Post Mortem: EP Talks William's Dark Twist and Olivia's Hopeful Future". TV Line. Retrieved November 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Barton, Steve (January 6, 2015). "The Intruders to Bust in This February". dreadcentral.com. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ Donal Logue – Northern Stars Archived March 10, 2007, at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b Owen, Rob (June 22, 2013). "For busy Logue, real life will have to wait". The Oregonian. p. C1. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Frison-Logue Hardwood - Home". Facebook. Retrieved 2017-06-29.
Jump up ^ Logue, Donal (June 4, 2012). "How and why we started our trucking company". YouTube video. Retrieved June 27, 2013.
Jump up ^ Heller, Corinne (July 2, 2017). "Donal Logue's Child Is Still Missing After Almost a Week: 'We Want You Home Jade'". E! News. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jade Logue, 16-Year-Old Child Of 'Gotham' Actor Donal Logue, Missing". New York City: WCBS-TV. June 28, 2017. Retrieved 2017-06-29.
Jump up ^ Logue, Donal [@donallogue] (June 27, 2017). "Missing- yesterday at 2PM Barclays Center/Fort Greene Brooklyn" (Tweet). Retrieved June 27, 2017 – via Twitter.
^ Jump up to: a b Dillon, Nancy; Tracy, Thomas (June 28, 2017). "'Gotham' star Donal Logue's 16-year-old daughter vanishes in Brooklyn". Daily News. New York City. Archived from the original on June 29, 2017. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hill, Libby (June 28, 2017). "'Gotham' star Donal Logue tweets, then deletes, alert for his missing child". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Logue, Donal [@donallogue] (July 2, 2017). "Just a note about Jade" (Tweet). Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved July 3, 2017 – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "Jade Logue". National Center for Missing and Exploited Children. Archived from the original on July 3, 2017. Retrieved July 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ McKenzie, Joi-Marie; Messer, Lesley (July 8, 2017). "'Gotham' actor Donal Logue's daughter is 'safely back home,' rep says". ABC News. Archived from the original on July 8, 2017. Retrieved July 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://www.followingthenerd.com/movies/viral-goodies-arrive-for-cloverfield-3-as-it-looks-like-cloverfield-4-is-already-finished/
Jump up ^ http://cinepop.com.br/cloverfield-3-site-viral-alerta-sobre-perigoso-experimento-secreto-no-filme-165345
External links[edit]
Donal Logue on IMDb
T.V. Guide interview
Film Threat interview
Filmmaker magazine interview
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNF: cb14200103c (data)
GND: 1062396707
ISNI: 0000 0001 1439 5021
LCCN: no00073434
SUDOC: 164933069
VIAF: 22352654
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Donal_Logue&oldid=827153366"
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People from El Centro, California
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21st-century Canadian male actors
1960s births
Living people
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Academic achievement
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Academic achievement or (academic) performance is the extent to which a student, teacher or institution has achieved their short or long-term educational goals. Cumulative GPA and completion of educational benchmarks such as secondary school diplomas and bachelor's degrees represent academic achievement.
Academic achievement is commonly measured through examinations or continuous assessments but there is no general agreement on how it is best evaluated or which aspects are most important—procedural knowledge such as skills or declarative knowledge such as facts.[1] Furthermore, there are inconclusive results over which individual factors successfully predict academic performance, elements such as test anxiety, environment, motivation, and emotions require consideration when developing models of school achievement. Now, schools are receiving money based on its students academic achievements. A school with more academic achievements would receive more money than a school with less achievemts.[2]
In California, the achievement of schools is measured by the Academic Performance Index.
Contents
1 Factors influencing academic achievement
1.1 Individual differences influencing academic performance
1.2 Non-cognitive factors
1.2.1 Motivation
1.2.2 Self-control
1.3 Extracurricular activities
1.4 Successful educational actions
2 See also
3 References
4 Further reading
Factors influencing academic achievement[edit]
Individual differences influencing academic performance[edit]
Individual differences in academic performance have been linked to differences in intelligence and personality.[3] Students with higher mental ability as demonstrated by IQ tests and those who are higher in conscientiousness (linked to effort and achievement motivation) tend to achieve highly in academic settings. A recent meta-analysis suggested that mental curiosity (as measured by typical intellectual engagement) has an important influence on academic achievement in addition to intelligence and conscientiousness.[3]
Children's semi-structured home learning environment transitions into a more structured learning environment when children start first grade. Early academic achievement enhances later academic achievement.[4]
Chart of comparative performance in GCSE results.
Parent's academic socialization is a term describing the way parents influence students' academic achievement by shaping students' skills, behaviors and attitudes towards school.[5] Parents influence students through the environment and discourse parents have with their children.[5] Academic socialization can be influenced by parents' socio-economic status. Highly educated parents tend to have more stimulating learning environments.[5] Further, recent research indicates that the relationship quality with parents will influence the development of academic self-efficacy among adolescent-aged children, which will in turn affect their academic performance.[6]
Children's first few years of life are crucial to the development of language and social skills. School preparedness in these areas help students adjust to academic expectancies.[7]
Indirect evidence suggests that physical activity could affect academic achievement. Studies have shown that physical activity can increase neural activity in the brain.[8] Exercise specifically increases executive brain functions such as attention span and working memory.[8]
Non-cognitive factors[edit]
Non-cognitive factors or skills, are a set of "attitudes, behaviors, and strategies" that promotes academic and professional success,[9] such as academic self-efficacy, self-control, motivation, expectancy and goal setting theories, emotional intelligence, and determination. To create attention on factors other than those measured by cognitive test scores sociologists Bowles and Gintis coined the term in the 1970s. The term serves as a distinction of cognitive factors, which are measured by teachers through tests and quizzes. Non-cognitive skills are increasingly gaining popularity because they provide a better explanation for academic and professional outcomes.[10]
Motivation[edit]
Motivation is the reasoning behind an individual's actions. Research has found that students with higher academic performance, motivation and persistence use intrinsic goals rather than extrinsic ones.[9] Furthermore, students who are motivated to improve upon their previous or upcoming performance tend to perform better academically than peers with lower motivation.[11] In other words, students with higher need for achievement have greater academic performance.Bad dietary habits can create the disadvantage of a lack of motivation[12]
Self-control[edit]
Self-control, in the academic setting, is related self-discipline, self-regulation, delay of gratification and impulse control. Baumeister, Vohs, and Tice defined self-control as "the capacity for altering one's own responses, especially to bring them into line with standards such as ideals, values, morals, and social expectations, and to support the attainment of long-term goals."[13] In other words, self-control is the ability to prioritize long-term goals over the temptation of short-term impulses. Self-control is usually measured through self completed questionnaires. Researchers often use the Self-Control Scale developed by Tangney, Baumeister, & Boone in 2004.
Through a longitudinal study of the marshmallow test, researchers found a relationship between the time spent waiting for the second marshmallow and higher academic achievement. However, this finding only applied for participants who had the marshmallow in plain site and were placed without any distraction tactics.[9]
High locus of control, where an individual attributes success to personal decision making and positive behaviors such as discipline, is a ramification of self-control. High locus of control has been found to have a positive predictive relationship with high collegiate GPA.[14]
Extracurricular activities[edit]
Organized extracurricular activities have yielded a positive relationship with high academic performance[15] including increasing attendance rates, school engagement, GPA, postsecondary education, as well as a decrease in drop out rates and depression.[16] Additionally, positive developmental outcomes have been found in youth that engage in organized extracurricular activities.[17] High school athletics have been linked with strong academic performance, particularly among urban youth.[18] However, involvement in athletics has been linked to increased alcohol consumption and abuse for high school students along with increased truancy.[19]
While research suggests that there is a positive link between academic performance and participation in extracurricular activities, the practice behind this relationship is not always clear. Moreover, there are many unrelated factors that influence the relationship between academic achievement and participation in extracurricular activities (Mahoney et al., 2005). These variables include: civic engagement, identity development, positive social relationships and behaviors, and mental health (Mahoney et al., 2005). In other research on youth, it was reported that positive social support and development, which can be acquired through organized after school activities is beneficial for achieving academic success (Eccles & Templeton, 2002). In terms of academic performance there are a whole other group of variables to consider. Some of these variables include: demographic and familial influences, individual characteristics, and program resources and content (Mahoney et al., 2005). For example, socio-economic status has been found to plays a role in the number of students participating in extracurricular activities (Covay & Carbonaro, 2010). Furthermore, it is suggested that the peer relationships and support that develop in extracurricular activities often affect how individuals perform in school (Eccles & Templeton, 2002). With all these variables to consider it is important to create a better understanding how academic achievement can be seen in both a negative and positive light.
In conclusion, most research suggests that extracurricular activities are positively correlated to academic achievement (Mahoney et al., 2005). It has been mentioned that more research could be conducted to better understand the direction of this relationship (Eccles & Templeton, 2002). Together this information can give us a better understand the exact aspects to consider when considering the impact that participation in extracurricular activities can have on academic achievement.
Successful educational actions[edit]
There are experiences analysed by research projects that show how the incorporation of Successful Educational Actions (SEAs) in schools with high absenteeism are contributing to the improvement of academic achievement.[20][21][22]
See also[edit]
Educational attainment
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Annie Ward; Howard W. Stoker; Mildred Murray-Ward (1996), "Achievement and Ability Tests - Definition of the Domain", Educational Measurement, 2, University Press of America, pp. 2–5, ISBN 978-0-7618-0385-0
Jump up ^ Ziedner, Mosche (1998). Test anxiety: The state of the art. New York: New York: Plenum Press. p. 259. ISBN 9780306471452. OCLC 757106093.
^ Jump up to: a b von Stumm, Sophie; Hell, Benedikt; Chamorro-Premuzic, Tomas (2011). "The Hungry Mind: Intellectual Curiosity Is the Third Pillar of Academic Performance". Perspectives on Psychological Science. 6 (6): 574–588. doi:10.1177/1745691611421204. Retrieved February 11, 2012.
Jump up ^ Bossaert, G; S. Doumen; E. Buyse; K. Verschueren (2011). "Predicting Students' Academic Achievement After the Transition to First Grade: A Two-Year Longitudinal Study". Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology. 32: 47–57. doi:10.1016/j.appdev.2010.12.002.
^ Jump up to: a b c Magnuson, Katherine (November 2007). "Maternal Education and Children's Academic Achievement During Middle Childhood". Developmental Psychology. 43: 1497–1512. doi:10.1037/0012-1649.43.6.1497.
Jump up ^ Fam, J. Y.; Yaacob, S. N. (2016). "4". In Salmah, A.; Azizah, Z. A.; Shaifol Yazam, M.; Rusniah, S.; Khairil Ridzuan, K.; Najah, M. A.; Noor Syafini, Z.; Mohd Dasuki, S.; Sazali, I.; Nurhaznita, M. The mediating role of academic self-efficacy in the relation between parent-adolescent relationship and academic performance. Malaysia: Perpustakaan Sultan Abdul Samad, Universiti Putra Malaysia. pp. 51–63.
Jump up ^ Lassiter, Kerry (July 1995). "The Relationship Between Young Children's Academic Achievement and Measures of Intelligence". Psychology in the Schools. 32: 170–177. doi:10.1002/1520-6807(199507)32:3<170::aid-pits2310320303>3.0.co;2-k.
^ Jump up to: a b Tomporowski, Phillip; Catherin Davis; Patricia Miller; Jack Naglieri (2008). "Exercise and Children's Intelligence, Cognition and Academic Achievement". Educational Psychology. 20 (2): 111–131. doi:10.1007/s10648-007-9057-0. PMC 2748863.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gutman, Leslie; Schoon, Ingrid (2013). "The Impact of non-cognitive skills on outcomes for young people" (PDF). Education Endowment Foundation: 59.
Jump up ^ Heckman, James; Stixrud, Jora; Urzua, Sergio (2006). "The Effects of Cognitive and Noncognitive Abilities on Labor Market Outcomes and Social Behavior". Journal of Labor Economics. 24 (3): 411–482. doi:10.1086/504455.
Jump up ^ Friedman, Barry A.; Mandel, Rhonda G. (2011-08-12). "Motivation Predictors of College Student Academic Performance and Retention". Journal of College Student Retention: Research, Theory & Practice. 13 (1): 1–15. doi:10.2190/cs.13.1.a.
Jump up ^ Downes, Loureen (2015). "Physical Activity and Dietary Habits of College Students". Journal for Nurse Practitioners. 11 (2): 192–198. doi:10.1016/j.nurpra.2014.11.015.
Jump up ^ Baumeister, Roy F.; Vohs, Kathleen D.; Tice, Dianne M. (December 1, 2007). "The Strength Model of Self-Control". Current Directions in Psychological Science. 16 (6): 351–355.
Jump up ^ Hannon, Brenda Ann Marie (2014-08-18). "Predicting College Success: The Relative Contributions of Five Social/Personality Factors, Five Cognitive/Learning Factors, and SAT Scores". Journal of Education and Training Studies. 2 (4): 46–58. doi:10.11114/jets.v2i4.451. ISSN 2324-8068. PMC 4283774. PMID 25568884.
Jump up ^ Abruzzi, Kristen J.; Lenis, Cristina; Romero, Yansi V.; Maser, Kevin J.; Morote, Elsa-Sofia (Spring 2016). "Does Participation in Extracurricular Activities Impact Student Achievement?". Journal for Leadership and Instruction. 15 n1: 21–26.
Jump up ^ Darling, Nancy (2005-10-01). "Participation in Extracurricular Activities and Adolescent Adjustment: Cross-Sectional and Longitudinal Findings". Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 34 (5): 493–505. doi:10.1007/s10964-005-7266-8. ISSN 0047-2891.
Jump up ^ Mahoney, Caroline R.; Taylor, Holly A.; Kanarek, Robin B.; Samuel, Priscilla (2005-08-07). "Effect of breakfast composition on cognitive processes in elementary school children". Physiology & Behavior. 85 (5): 635–645. doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2005.06.023.
Jump up ^ Yeung, Ryan (2013-07-23). "Athletics, Athletic Leadership, and Academic Achievement". Education and Urban Society. 47 (3): 361–387. doi:10.1177/0013124513495277.
Jump up ^ Eccles, Jacquelynne S.; Templeton, Janice (2002). "Extracurricular and Other After-School Activities for Youth". Review of Research in Education. 26: 113–180. JSTOR 3568144.
Jump up ^ "Increase in school performance(performance rates)[Social Impact]. INCLUD-ED, Strategies for inclusion and social cohesion from education in Europe (2006-2011). European Union's Sixth Framework Programme (FP6/2006-2012)". SIOR, Social Impact Open Repository.
Jump up ^ Successful Educational Actions for Inclusion and Social Cohesion | Ramon Flecha | Springer.
Jump up ^ Flecha, Ramón; Soler, Marta (2013-12-01). "Turning difficulties into possibilities: engaging Roma families and students in school through dialogic learning". Cambridge Journal of Education. 43 (4): 451–465. doi:10.1080/0305764X.2013.819068. ISSN 0305-764X.
Further reading[edit]
Coladarci, T., & Cobb, C. D. (1996). Extracurricular participation, school size, and achievement and self-esteem among high school students: A national look. Journal of Research in Rural Education, 12(2), 92-103. Retrieved from https://umaine.edu/edhd/wp-content/uploads/sites/54/2010/05/Coladarci-Cobb.pdf
Covay, E., & Carbonaro W. (2010). After the bell: Participation in extracurricular activities, classroom behavior, and academic achievement. Sociology of Education, 83(1), 20-45. JSTOR 25677180
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New Jersey Superior Court
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Superior Court of New Jersey
Established
1947 in current form
Composition method
Executive appointment with legislative confirmation
Authorized by
New Jersey State Constitution
Judge term length
7 years, then until 70 years age
Website
www.judiciary.state.nj.us
The Superior Court is the state court in the U.S. state of New Jersey, with statewide trial and appellate jurisdiction. The New Jersey Constitution of 1947 establishes the power of the New Jersey courts.[1] Under the State Constitution, "'judicial power shall be vested in a Supreme Court, a Superior Court, County Courts and inferior courts of limited jurisdiction.'"[2] The Superior Court has three divisions: the Appellate Division is essentially an intermediate appellate court while the Law and Chancery Divisions function as trial courts. The State Constitution renders the New Jersey Superior Court, Appellate Division the intermediate appellate court, and "[a]ppeals may be taken to the Appellate Division of the Superior Court from the law and chancery divisions of the Superior Court and in such other causes as may be provided by law."[1] Each division is in turn divided into various parts. "The trial divisions of the Superior Court are the principal trial courts of New Jersey. They are located within the State's various judicial geographic units, called 'vicinages,' R. 1:33-2(a), and are organized into two basic divisions: the Chancery Division and the Law Division".[3]
Like justices of the New Jersey Supreme Court, judges of the Superior Court are appointed by the Governor and confirmed by the State Senate for initial terms of seven years. If reappointed before the expiration of the initial term, the judge is said to have tenure and can serve until the mandatory judicial retirement age of 70. Retired judges may be recalled to serve in courts other than the Supreme Court. Judges are assigned to the court's divisions and parts (and in the case of the Law and Chancery Divisions, to a particular vicinage) by the Supreme Court.
Contents
1 Appellate Division
2 Chancery Division
2.1 General Equity Part
2.2 Probate Part
2.3 Family Part
3 Law Division
3.1 Civil Part
3.2 Special Civil Part
3.3 Criminal Part
4 Organization of Trial Parts
5 Post-nominal Letters
6 References
7 External links
Appellate Division[edit]
Main article: New Jersey Superior Court, Appellate Division
"[T]he State Constitution established the Appellate Division as the upper tier of the Superior Court."[2] "The Appellate Division was created as part of the judicial revision that took place as a result of the 1947 Constitution. Prior to 1947, the structure of the judiciary in New Jersey was extremely complex, including 'a court of errors and appeals in the last resort in all causes . . .; a court for the trial of impeachments; a court of chancery; a prerogative court; a supreme court; circuit courts, and such inferior courts as now exist, and as may be hereafter ordained and established by law . . .'"[1]
The Appellate Division hears appeals from the Law and Chancery Divisions and final decisions of State administrative agencies. There are eight parts, designated "A" through "H," and each part has three or four judges. "The Appellate Division shall consist of such parts with such number of judges as the Chief Justice shall from time to time designate."[4] Judges are rotated among the parts on an annual basis. "Each Part is headed by a presiding judge, who is properly addressed as 'Presiding Judge, Appellate Division.' The most senior judges of the Appellate Division serve as presiding judges of the various Parts[.]"[4]
Unlike the federal and some other state appellate courts, appeals are not allocated among the parts on a territorial basis and Appellate Division precedent is equally binding statewide.
One of the judges on each part is designated as the presiding judge and there is an overall presiding judge for administration. Appeals are decided by a panel of two or three judges from the part to which the appeal is assigned.
If the Supreme Court has less than seven members available to hear a case, either because of vacancies or recusals, senior Appellate Division judges may be assigned to serve temporarily.
The Appellate Division has a central clerk's office that processes the filing of notices of appeal, briefs, motions and other papers.
An appeal of a final order in New Jersey must be filed within 45 days.[5] Appeals from interlocutory orders may be made at any time before final judgment.[6]
Chancery Division[edit]
The Chancery Division consists of the General Equity, Probate and Family Parts. Chancery cases deal with cases where equitable relief is sought: that is, cases where one of the parties desires an injunction or other order requiring the other party/parties to do something other than pay money.
General Equity Part[edit]
The General Equity Part handles civil cases where the primary relief sought is equitable in nature, although it may grant incidental relief at law (damages). In most vicinages, only one judge is assigned to the General Equity Part, although the Assignment Judge of the vicinage may also hear general equity cases.
Probate Part[edit]
The Probate Part handles contested probate matters, guardianships etc. Usually the General Equity judge handles the probate calendar on a weekly or less frequent basis. The county surrogate acts as the deputy clerk of the Superior Court for the Probate Part in the county.
Family Part[edit]
The Family Part was created when the State Constitution was amended to eliminate the juvenile and domestic relations courts in each county and so it has the distinction of being the only part specifically mandated by the constitution.
The Family Part is responsible for all cases arising out of marriage (or marriage-like) relationships, cases about the parentage, custody, or support of children, juvenile matters and domestic violence cases. It is also the only Chancery Division part to hear appeals from the municipal courts; a party may appeal to the Family Part from the grant or denial of a temporary domestic-violence restraining order in the municipal courts.
Law Division[edit]
The Law Division consists of the Civil, Special Civil and Criminal Parts.
Civil Part[edit]
The Civil Part has jurisdiction over all civil cases where the principal relief requested is sought at law (i.e. in the form of money damages), and it may grant incidental equitable relief so that a case may be fully decided in one forum.
Special Civil Part[edit]
The Special Civil Part essentially succeeded to the jurisdiction of the former county district courts. Cases may be filed in the Special Civil Part where the amount in controversy does not exceed $15,000 (or more if the plaintiff waives the excess). It also has a small claims section for cases involving less than $3000 and a landlord-tenant section to adjudicate summary dispossess actions.
Natural persons may act pro se. Corporations must hire an attorney for claims.
The Special Civil Part is designed to provide expedited and somewhat relaxed proceedings in smaller cases. The Special Civil Part has its own clerk in each county (rather than relying upon the Superior Court clerk's office) and many forms are available.
Criminal Part[edit]
The Criminal Part handles criminal cases for "crimes" or "indictable offenses" (what New Jersey terms offenses called felonies in other jurisdictions), which may only be brought by an indictment issued by a grand jury, and appeals from the New Jersey municipal courts for convictions for disorderly persons offenses and petty disorderly persons offenses (what New Jersey terms offenses called misdemeanors in other jurisdictions, which do not require a grand jury indictment), as well as traffic offenses (including driving while intoxicated) and violations of municipal ordinances.
Organization of Trial Parts[edit]
The Clerk of the Superior Court is appointed by the Supreme Court and heads the centralized clerk's office; however, most pleadings are filed in the county in which the action is venued with the Deputy Clerk, Superior Court, for the county.
For administrative purposes, the State is divided into fifteen numbered vicinages. Most vicinages comprise a single county, but there are two vicinages that consist of two counties (Atlantic & Cape May Counties and Morris & Sussex Counties) and two vicinages that consist of three counties (Somerset, Hunterdon & Warren Counties and Gloucester, Cumberland & Salem County).[7][8] The head of judiciary in each county is the assignment judge. The General Equity, Family, Civil and Criminal Parts in each vicinage are headed by a presiding judge.[9]
Post-nominal Letters[edit]
The Rules Governing the Courts of New Jersey provide for the use of certain post-nominal letters after the names of judges. Superior Court judges for whom no other designation is provided use "J.S.C." Appellate Division judges use the post-nominal letters "J.A.D." (or "P.J.A.D." in the case of a presiding judge). The Assignment Judge of a vicinage is designated "A.J.S.C." Presiding judges of trial court parts use "P.J.Ch." (General Equity), "P.J.F.P." (Family), P.J.Cv." (Civil) and "P.J.Cr." (Criminal) as appropriate.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 7:1-1
^ Jump up to: a b Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 4:1-1
Jump up ^ Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 1:3-1
^ Jump up to: a b Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 7:2-2
Jump up ^ Jeffrey S. Mandel, New Jersey Appellate Practice (Gann Law Books), chapter 19:1-1
Jump up ^ N.J. Ct. R. 2:5-6(a)
Jump up ^ "Vicinage". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 10 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Welcome to the New Jersey Court System". New Jersey Judiciary. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "- Court Caddy". courtcaddy.com.
External links[edit]
The New Jersey Judiciary's official website
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_Jersey_Superior_Court&oldid=854335309"
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Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

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values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

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