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1234 (Feist song)
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"1234"
Single by Feist
from the album The Reminder
Released
September 5, 2007
Format
CD single
Recorded
2007
Genre
Indie pop
Length
3:03
Label
Cherrytree/Interscope
Arts & Crafts
Songwriter(s)
Sally Seltmann, Feist
Producer(s)
Gonzales, Ben Mink, Feist
Feist singles chronology
"My Moon My Man"
(2007) "1234"
(2007) "I Feel It All"
(2008)
"My Moon My Man"
(2007) "1234"
(2007) "I Feel It All"
(2008)
"1234" is a song from Feist's third studio album, The Reminder. The song was co-written by Feist and Sally Seltmann, an Australian singer-songwriter who also recorded under the stage name New Buffalo.[1] It remains Feist's biggest hit single in the US to date, and her only song to chart on the Billboard Hot 100 and UK Top 40.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Release
3 Chart performance
4 Awards and accolades
5 Charts
5.1 Weekly charts
5.2 Year-end charts
6 Cover versions
7 Parodies
8 In popular culture
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
In an interview with Songfacts, Sally Seltmann said:
I had been listening to Feist's album Let It Die. I thought my little song about lost love, and the hope to recapture what you once had, sounded too much like a Feist song for me to use for New Buffalo, so I shelved it. Then, in late 2005 I did a tour across Canada supporting Feist, and Broken Social Scene. After meeting Feist, I started to wonder whether she might like to do a cover of "1234," but I was too shy to tell her about it. At the last Broken Social Scene show, I plucked up the courage to tell her that I had written a song which I thought she might like to use. We went onto the tour bus, and I recorded a simple version of the song into her laptop, with guitar and vocals. To my surprise, she loved the song, and started playing it live.[2]
On 14 December 2005, Feist played the song live at The Trabendo in Paris, France in a show broadcast on Europe2 TV, with the title "Sally's Song" and with somewhat different lyrics than in the commercially released version.[3][4]
The original version of the song was mixed by Renaud Letang.[5] It was later remixed by Van She Tech, an offshoot of the band Van She.[citation needed]
Release[edit]
The song was digitally released through iTunes Store. It gained notice after its use in an iPod nano commercial. It also appeared in an Australian commercial for eBay.[6] It has been released in the United Kingdom, in Canada and in other countries digitally.
Chart performance[edit]
Since its digital release, "1234" peaked at number four on the US Hot Digital Songs chart. The single also reached number eight on the US Hot 100, number 10 on the US Pop 100, and number 34 on the US Modern Rock Tracks chart.[7] As of July 25, 2011, "1234" had sold 1.2 million downloads in the US.[8] The single's unexpected success led to its release worldwide. In the UK it proved to be a huge hit, making the top 10 and peaking at number eight.[9] It had a very successful release in Canada, making it to number two.[10] The song also entered the top 10 in several European countries. The single's success made Feist famous globally and boosted sales of her other releases. It also managed to debut at number 67 on the Australian ARIA Singles Chart, as digital tracks were counted towards chart positions from November 5, 2007 onwards in Australia. It later entered the top 50 of the chart in late December and peaked at number 36. It also ranked number 34 in the Triple J Hottest 100.[11]
In the 28 April 2008 episode of The Colbert Report where she was a guest, Feist said that she had planned to offer "1234" as the official campaign theme for Stephen Colbert's Presidential bid, before he dropped out.[12]
As of 2017 it the single was certified silver by BPI for 200,000 sold copies. [13]
Awards and accolades[edit]
"1234" was nominated for Grammy Awards in the categories of Best Female Pop Vocal Performance and Best Short Form Music Video. Likewise, the success of the song largely contributed to Feist's other nominations that year for Best New Artist and Best Pop Vocal Album. It also won the Juno award for Single of the Year on 6 April 2008 in Calgary. Sally Seltmann also received a nomination at the 2008 APRA Awards for Song of the Year.[14]
This song was number 19 on Rolling Stone's list of the 100 Best Songs of 2007,[15] and number nine on the list of Readers' 25 Best Songs of 2007.[16] It was also ranked number five on Amazon.com's Best Songs of 2007.[17] Pitchfork Media deemed the video the fifth best video of the decade,[18] and named the song number 16 on the top 100 tracks of 2007.[19] Blender named the video number two on The Top 10 Music Videos of 2007.[20] In France the video won Music video of the year at the Victoires de la Musique.
Time magazine named "1234" one of The 10 Best Songs of 2007, ranking it at number two after "Rehab" by Amy Winehouse. Writer Josh Tyrangiel called the song a “masterpiece”, praising Feist for singing it “with a mixture of wisdom and exuberance that's all her own."[21][22]
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2007–08)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[23]
36
Australia Hitseekers (ARIA)[24]
1
Belgium (Ultratip Flanders)[25]
19
Brazilian Singles Chart (ABPD)[26]
33
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[27]
3
Canada CHR/Top 40 (Billboard)[28]
21
Canada Rock (Billboard)[29]
50
European Hot 100 Singles (Billboard)
20
Germany (GfK Entertainment)[30]
75
Ireland (IRMA)[31]
33
Netherlands (Mega Single Top 100)[32]
97
Scottish Singles Chart (Official Charts Company)[33]
43
Slovakia (IFPI)[34]
54
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[35]
63
UK Singles Chart (Official Charts Company)[36]
8
US Billboard Hot 100[37]
8
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[38]
30
US Alternative Songs (Billboard)[39]
34
US Hot Digital Songs (Billboard)[40]
4
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2007)
Position
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[41]
111
Chart (2008)
Position
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[42]
35
Cover versions[edit]
The song was rewritten as a counting song for the 39th season (2008) of Sesame Street, in which Feist counts chickens, monsters (Elmo, Rosita, Telly and Zoe) and penguins to 4.[43][44]
Brooke White of American Idol fame performed a cover of "1234" during her set on the American Idols LIVE! Tour 2008, which ran from 1 July to 13 September.
Electropop band Joy Electric released a cover of the song in 2009 on their album Favorites at Play.
Parodies[edit]
It was parodied by MADtv for the continuous releases of new iPods, a commercial in which the song was originally used
In popular culture[edit]
It was sung by the character of Andy Bernard in "Lecture Circuit", an episode of The Office, in an attempt to woo a client he finds attractive. This attempt fails, and Dunder Mifflin loses the account. It was used in a trailer for the 2009 film New York, I Love You. It also features in The Inbetweeners season 1 episode, 'Bunk Off'.
Singer-songwriter Kenny Loggins covered the song for his 2009 album All Join In. The lyrics were changed because of dark subject material and the song also featured Kenny's 11-year-old daughter Hana.[45][dead link]
Pianist Louis Durra recorded an instrumental trio version released on Mad World EP and Arrogant Doormats (2011).
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Everett-Green, Robert (2008-02-09). "Grammy girl: Feist". The Globe and Mail. pp. R1, R19.
Jump up ^ Songfacts for "1234". Retrieved 12 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "feist - trabendo session - paris - 14th december 2005". 2008-07-31. Retrieved 2008-08-27.
Jump up ^ "Feist - 1234 - Letterman 08/27/2007".
Jump up ^ Paul Tingen (April 2008). "Secrets of the Mix Engineers: Renaud Letang". Sound on Sound magazine.
Jump up ^ "eBay Make Shopping Exciting with Feist in Whistler » The Inspiration Room | Daily". The Inspiration Room. 2007-07-01. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
Jump up ^ Billboard chart history
Jump up ^ "Billboard Bits: Feist's New Album, Haley Reinhart Inks Label Deal". Billboard.com. 2011-07-25. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
Jump up ^ "The Charts". Music.unrealitytv.co.uk. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
Jump up ^ Billboard.com
Jump up ^ "Hottest 100 2007". Triple J. ABC. Retrieved June 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Feist | The Colbert Report". Comedy Central. 2008-04-28. Archived from the original on 2008-05-06. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
Jump up ^ https://www.bpi.co.uk/bpi-awards/
Jump up ^ 2008 Apra Nominees Announced Archived December 6, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "The 100 Best Songs of 2007". Archived from the original on 2005-01-07. Retrieved 2007-12-22. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "Rock List: Readers' 25 Best Songs of 2007". Rolling Stone. 2007-12-17. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
Jump up ^ "Best Songs of 2007". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
Jump up ^ Plagenhoef, Scott (2009-08-31). "Staff Lists: The Top 50 Music Videos of the 2000s | Features". Pitchfork. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
Jump up ^ "Staff Lists: Top 100 Tracks of 2007". Pitchfork Media. 2007-12-17. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
Jump up ^ "The Top 10 Music Videos of 2007". Blender. 2007-12-18. Retrieved 2011-01-18.
Jump up ^ Tyrangiel, Josh; "The Best Top 10 Lists of the Year"; "The 10 Best Songs"; Time magazine; 24 December 2007; Page 39.
Jump up ^ Tyrangiel, Josh (2007-12-09). "''Time'' magazine's Top 10 Songs of 2007 at". Time.com. Retrieved 2011-09-09.
Jump up ^ "Feist – 1234". australian-charts.com. Hung Medien. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Report: Issue 928" (PDF). ARIA. Retrieved 17 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Feist – 1234". ultratop.be (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Brazil" (PDF). ABPD. October 6, 2001. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Feist – Chart History: Billboard Canadian Hot 100". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist Chart History (Canada CHR/Top 40)". Billboard. Retrieved 2018-03-18.
Jump up ^ "Feist Chart History (Canada Rock)". Billboard. Retrieved 2018-03-18.
Jump up ^ "Feist – 1234" (in German). GfK Entertainment. Archived from the original on July 3, 2013. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Chart Track: Week 40, 2007". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist – 1234". dutchcharts.nl. Hung Medien. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist". Official Charts Company. Retrieved July 29, 2007.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI". Hitparáda – Radio Top100 Oficiálna (in Slovak). IFPI Czech Republic. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist – 1234". hitparade.ch (in German). Hung Medien. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist". Official Charts Company. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist – Chart History: Hot 100". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist – Chart History: Adult Pop Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist – Chart History: Alternative Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Feist – Chart History: Digital Songs". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Official UK Singles Chart 2007" (PDF). UKChartsPlus. Retrieved 26 May 2018.
Jump up ^ "Feist – Chart History: Canadian Hot 100 (Year end)". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 30, 2013.
Jump up ^ Agrell, Siri (2008-07-16). "Will Feist's famous number be a monster hit with children?". The Globe and Mail. Toronto. p. A1. Retrieved 2008-07-16.
Jump up ^ "Sesame Street: Feist sings 1,2,3,4".
Jump up ^ http://www.spinner.com
External links[edit]
Official music video on YouTube
Making of the music video on YouTube
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
hide
v
t
e
Feist
Studio albums
Monarch (Lay Your Jewelled Head Down) (1999)
Let It Die (2004)
The Reminder (2007)
Metals (2011)
Pleasure (2017)
Remix albums
Open Season
Singles
"Mushaboom"
"One Evening"
"Inside and Out"
"Secret Heart"
"My Moon My Man"
"1234"
"I Feel It All"
"How Come You Never Go There"
Related articles
Discography
Awards and nominations
Broken Social Scene
By Divine Right
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1234_(Feist_song)&oldid=847018495"
Categories:
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Waste-to-energy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Spittelau incineration plant is one of several plants that provide district heating in Vienna.
Waste-to-energy or energy-from-waste is the process of generating energy in the form of electricity and/or heat from the primary treatment of waste. WtE is a form of energy recovery. Most WtE processes produce electricity and/or heat directly through combustion, or produce a combustible fuel commodity, such as methane, methanol, ethanol or synthetic fuels.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Methods
2.1 Incineration
2.2 Other
3 Global developments
4 Carbon dioxide emissions
4.1 Determination of the biomass fraction
5 Examples of waste-to-energy plants
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
History[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (October 2016)
The first incinerator or "Destructor" was built in Nottingham UK in 1874 by Manlove, Alliott & Co. Ltd. to the design of Albert Fryer.[2]
The first US incinerator was built in 1885 on Governors Island in New York, New York.[3]
The first waste incinerator in Denmark was built in 1903 in Frederiksberg[4]
The first facility in the Czech Republic was built in 1905 in Brno.[5]
Gasification and pyrolysis processes have been known and used for centuries. Examples include pyrolysis and gasification of coal as early as the 18th century.... Development of gasification and pyrolysis technologies for processing [residual solid mixed waste] has only become a focus of attention in recent years stimulated by the search for more efficient energy recovery. (2004) [6]
Methods[edit]
Incineration[edit]
Main article: Incineration
Incineration, the combustion of organic material such as waste with energy recovery, is the most common WtE implementation. All new WtE plants in OECD countries incinerating waste (residual MSW, commercial, industrial or RDF) must meet strict emission standards, including those on nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulphur dioxide (SO2), heavy metals and dioxins.[7][8] Hence, modern incineration plants are vastly different from old types, some of which neither recovered energy nor materials. Modern incinerators reduce the volume of the original waste by 95-96 percent, depending upon composition and degree of recovery of materials such as metals from the ash for recycling.[4]
Incinerators may emit fine particulate, heavy metals, trace dioxin and acid gas, even though these emissions are relatively low[9] from modern incinerators. Other concerns include proper management of residues: toxic fly ash, which must be handled in hazardous waste disposal installation as well as incinerator bottom ash (IBA), which must be reused properly.[10]
Critics argue that incinerators destroy valuable resources and they may reduce incentives for recycling.[10] The question, however, is an open one, as European countries which recycle the most (up to 70%) also incinerate their residual waste to avoid landfilling.[11]
Incinerators have electric efficiencies of 14-28%.[10] In order to avoid losing the rest of the energy, it can be used for e.g. district heating (cogeneration). The total efficiencies of cogeneration incinerators are typically higher than 80% (based on the lower heating value of the waste).
The method of using incineration to convert municipal solid waste (MSW) to energy is a relatively old method of WtE production. Incineration generally entails burning waste (residual MSW, commercial, industrial and RDF) to boil water which powers steam generators that make electric energy and heat to be used in homes, businesses, institutions and industries. One problem associated with incinerating MSW to make electrical energy is the potential for pollutants to enter the atmosphere with the flue gases from the boiler. These pollutants can be acidic and in the 1980s were reported to cause environmental damage by turning rain into acid rain. Since then, the industry has removed this problem by the use of lime scrubbers and electro-static precipitators on smokestacks. By passing the smoke through the basic lime scrubbers, any acids that might be in the smoke are neutralized which prevents the acid from reaching the atmosphere and hurting the environment. Many other devices, such as fabric filters, reactors, and catalysts destroy or capture other regulated pollutants.[12] According to the New York Times, modern incineration plants are so clean that "many times more dioxin is now released from home fireplaces and backyard barbecues than from incineration. "[13] According to the German Environmental Ministry, "because of stringent regulations, waste incineration plants are no longer significant in terms of emissions of dioxins, dust, and heavy metals".[14]
Other[edit]
There are a number of other new and emerging technologies that are able to produce energy from waste and other fuels without direct combustion. Many of these technologies have the potential to produce more electric power from the same amount of fuel than would be possible by direct combustion. This is mainly due to the separation of corrosive components (ash) from the converted fuel, thereby allowing higher combustion temperatures in e.g. boilers, gas turbines, internal combustion engines, fuel cells. Some are able to efficiently convert the energy into liquid or gaseous fuels:
Thermal technologies:
Gasification: produces combustible gas, hydrogen, synthetic fuels
Thermal depolymerization: produces synthetic crude oil, which can be further refined
Pyrolysis: produces combustible tar/biooil and chars
Plasma arc gasification or plasma gasification process (PGP): produces rich syngas including hydrogen and carbon monoxide usable for fuel cells or generating electricity to drive the plasma arch, usable vitrified silicate and metal ingots, salt and sulphur
Non-thermal technologies:
Anaerobic digestion: Biogas rich in methane
Fermentation production: examples are ethanol, lactic acid, hydrogen
Mechanical biological treatment (MBT)
MBT + Anaerobic digestion
MBT to Refuse derived fuel
Global developments[edit]
During the 2001–2007 period, the WtE capacity increased by about four million metric tons per annum. Japan and China each built several plants that were based on direct smelting or on fluidized bed combustion of solid waste. In China there are about 434 WtE plants in early 2016. Japan is the largest user in thermal treatment of MSW in the world with 40 million tons. Some of the newest plants use stoker technology and others use the advanced oxygen enrichment technology. There are also over one hundred thermal treatment plants using relatively novel processes such as direct smelting, the Ebara fluidization process and the Thermo- select -JFE gasification and melting technology process.[15] In Patras, Greece, a Greek company just finished testing a system that shows potential. It generates 25kwatts of electricity and 25kwatts of heat from waste water.[16] In India its first energy bio-science center was developed to reduce the country’s green house gases and its dependency on fossil fuel.[17] As of June 2014, Indonesia had a total of 93.5MW installed capacity of WtE, with a pipeline of projects in different preparation phases together amounting to another 373MW of capacity.[18]
Biofuel Energy Corporation of Denver, CO, opened two new biofuel plants in Wood River, Nebraska, and Fairmont, Minnesota, in July 2008. These plants use distillation to make ethanol for use in motor vehicles and other engines. Both plants are currently reported to be working at over 90% capacity. Fulcrum BioEnergy incorporated located in Pleasanton, California, is building a WtE plant near Reno, NV. The plant is scheduled to open in 2019 under the name of Sierra BioFuels plant. BioEnergy incorporated predicts that the plant will produce approximately 10.5 million gallons per year of ethanol from nearly 200,000 tons per year of MSW.[19]
Waste to energy technology includes fermentation, which can take biomass and create ethanol, using waste cellulosic or organic material. In the fermentation process, the sugar in the waste is changed to carbon dioxide and alcohol, in the same general process that is used to make wine. Normally fermentation occurs with no air present. Esterification can also be done using waste to energy technologies, and the result of this process is biodiesel. The cost effectiveness of esterification will depend on the feedstock being used, and all the other relevant factors such as transportation distance, amount of oil present in the feedstock, and others.[20] Gasification and pyrolysis by now can reach gross thermal conversion efficiencies (fuel to gas) up to 75%, however a complete combustion is superior in terms of fuel conversion efficiency.[6] Some pyrolysis processes need an outside heat source which may be supplied by the gasification process, making the combined process self-sustaining.
Carbon dioxide emissions[edit]
In thermal WtE technologies, nearly all of the carbon content in the waste is emitted as carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere (when including final combustion of the products from pyrolysis and gasification; except when producing bio-char for fertilizer). Municipal solid waste (MSW) contain approximately the same mass fraction of carbon as CO2 itself (27%), so treatment of 1 metric ton (1.1 short tons) of MSW produce approximately 1 metric ton (1.1 short tons) of CO2.
In the event that the waste was landfilled, 1 metric ton (1.1 short tons) of MSW would produce approximately 62 cubic metres (2,200 cu ft) methane via the anaerobic decomposition of the biodegradable part of the waste. This amount of methane has more than twice the global warming potential than the 1 metric ton (1.1 short tons) of CO2, which would have been produced by combustion. In some countries, large amounts of landfill gas are collected, but still the global warming potential of the landfill gas emitted to atmosphere in e.g. the US in 1999 was approximately 32% higher than the amount of CO2 that would have been emitted by combustion.[21]
In addition, nearly all biodegradable waste is biomass. That is, it has biological origin. This material has been formed by plants using atmospheric CO2 typically within the last growing season. If these plants are regrown the CO2 emitted from their combustion will be taken out from the atmosphere once more.
Such considerations are the main reason why several countries administrate WtE of the biomass part of waste as renewable energy.[22] The rest—mainly plastics and other oil and gas derived products—is generally treated as non-renewables.
Determination of the biomass fraction[edit]
MSW to a large extent is of biological origin (biogenic), e.g. paper, cardboard, wood, cloth, food scraps. Typically half of the energy content in MSW is from biogenic material.[23] Consequently, this energy is often recognised as renewable energy according to the waste input.[24]
Several methods have been developed by the European CEN 343 working group to determine the biomass fraction of waste fuels, such as Refuse Derived Fuel/Solid Recovered Fuel. The initial two methods developed (CEN/TS 15440) were the manual sorting method and the selective dissolution method. A detailed systematic comparison of these two methods was published in 2010.[25] Since each method suffered from limitations in properly characterizing the biomass fraction, two alternative methods have been developed.
The first method uses the principles of radiocarbon dating. A technical review (CEN/TR 15591:2007) outlining the carbon 14 method was published in 2007. A technical standard of the carbon dating method (CEN/TS 15747:2008) will be published in 2008.[needs update] In the United States, there is already an equivalent carbon 14 method under the standard method ASTM D6866.
The second method (so-called balance method) employs existing data on materials composition and operating conditions of the WtE plant and calculates the most probable result based on a mathematical-statistical model.[26] Currently the balance method is installed at three Austrian and eight Danish incinerators.
A comparison between both methods carried out at three full-scale incinerators in Switzerland showed that both methods came to the same results.[27]
Carbon 14 dating can determine with precision the biomass fraction of waste, and also determine the biomass calorific value. Determining the calorific value is important for green certificate programs such as the Renewable Obligation Certificate program in the United Kingdom. These programs award certificates based on the energy produced from biomass. Several research papers, including the one commissioned by the Renewable Energy Association in the UK, have been published that demonstrate how the carbon 14 result can be used to calculate the biomass calorific value. The UK gas and electricity markets authority, Ofgem, released a statement in 2011 accepting the use of Carbon 14 as a way to determine the biomass energy content of waste feedstock under their administration of the Renewables Obligation.[28] Their Fuel Measurement and Sampling (FMS) questionnaire describes the information they look for when considering such proposals.[29]
Examples of waste-to-energy plants[edit]
According to ISWA there are 431 WtE plants in Europe (2005) and 89 in the United States (2004).[30] The following are some examples of WtE plants.
Waste incineration WtE plants
Essex County Resource Recovery Facility, Newark, New Jersey
Lee County Solid Waste Resource Recovery Facility, Fort Myers, Florida, USA (1994)[31]
Montgomery County Resource Recovery Facility in Dickerson, Maryland, USA (1995)
Spittelau (1971), and Flötzersteig (1963), Vienna, Austria (Wien Energie)
SYSAV waste-to-energy plant in Malmö (2003 and 2008), Sweden
Algonquin Power, Brampton, Ontario, Canada[32]
Stoke Incinerator, Stoke-on-Trent, UK (1989)
Teesside EfW plant near Middlesbrough, North East England (1998)
Edmonton Incinerator in Greater London, England (1974)
Burnaby Waste-to-Energy Facility, Metro Vancouver, Canada (1988)
Timarpur-Okhla Waste to Energy Plant, New Delhi, India
Liquid fuel producing plants
A single plant is currently under construction. None are yet in commercial operation:
Edmonton Waste-to-ethanol Facility located in Edmonton, Alberta, Canada based on the Enerkem-process, fueled by RDF. Initially scheduled for completion during 2010[33] commissioning of front-end systems commenced December 2013 and Enerkem then expected initial methanol production during 2014.[34] Production start has been delayed several times. As of spring 2016 Enerkem expected ethanol production to commence some time ín 2017,[35] and no public confirmation of any actual RDF processing was available.
Plasma Gasification Waste-to-Energy plants
Main article: Plasma gasification commercialization
The US Air Force once tested a Transportable Plasma Waste to Energy System (TPWES) facility (PyroGenesis technology) at Hurlburt Field, Florida.[36] The plant, which cost $7.4 million to construct,[37] was closed and sold at a government liquidation auction in May 2013, less than three years after its commissioning.[38][39] The opening bid was $25. The winning bid was sealed.
Besides large plants, domestic waste-to-energy incinerators also exist. For example, the refuge de Sarenne has a domestic waste-to-energy plant. It is made by combining a wood-fired gasification boiler with a Stirling motor.[40][41]
See also[edit]
Energy portal
Biohydrogen production
Biomass
Cogeneration
Energy recycling
Landfill gas utilization
List of solid waste treatment technologies
List of waste management acronyms
Manure-derived synthetic crude oil
Refuse-derived fuel
Relative cost of electricity generated by different sources
Waste-to-energy plant
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "NW BIORENEW".
Jump up ^ Herbert, Lewis (2007). "Centenary History of Waste and Waste Managers in London and South East England" (PDF). Chartered Institution of Wastes Management.
Jump up ^ "Energy Recovery - Basic Information". US EPA.
^ Jump up to: a b Waste to Energy in Denmark Archived 2016-03-11 at the Wayback Machine. by Ramboll Consult
Jump up ^ Lapčík; et al. (Dec 2012). "Možnosti Energetického Využití Komunálního Odpadu". GeoScience Engineering.
^ Jump up to: a b The Viability of Advanced Thermal Treatment of MSW in the UK by Fichtner Consulting Engineers Ltd 2004
Jump up ^ "Waste incineration". Europa. October 2011.
Jump up ^ "DIRECTIVE 2000/76/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 4 December 2000 on the incineration of waste". European Union. 4 December 2000.
Jump up ^ Emissionsfaktorer og emissionsopgørelse for decentral kraftvarme, Kortlægning af emissioner fra decentrale kraftvarmeværker, Ministry of the Environment of Denmark 2006 (in Danish)
^ Jump up to: a b c "Waste Gasification: Impacts on the Environment and Public Health" (PDF).
Jump up ^ "Environment in the EU27 Landfill still accounted for nearly 40% of municipal waste treated in the EU27 in 2010". European Union. 27 March 2012.
Jump up ^ "Waste–to–Energy in Austria, White Book, 2nd Edition 2010" (PDF). Austrian Ministry of Life.
Jump up ^ Rosenthal, Elisabeth (12 April 2010). "Europe Finds Clean Energy in Trash, but U.S. Lags". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ "Waste incineration – A potential danger? Bidding farewell to dioxin spouting" (PDF). Federal Ministry for Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety. September 2005.
Jump up ^ "Waste Council Attracts Experts Worldwide". columbia.edu. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Swedens Morphic introduces waste to energy system - Cleantech Group". 29 December 2008. Archived from the original on 29 December 2008. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "India opens first energy biosciences center - Cleantech Group". 7 June 2009. Archived from the original on 7 June 2009. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "Waste to energy in Indonesia". The Carbon Trust. June 2014. Retrieved 22 July 2014.
Jump up ^ "Fulcrum BioEnergy". fulcrum-bioenergy.com.
Jump up ^ "Cost Effective Waste to Energy Technologies – Updated Article With Extra Information". bionomicfuel.com. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Themelis, Nickolas J. An overview of the global waste-to-energy industry, Waste Management World 2003
Jump up ^ [1], from the homepage of the UK Renewable Energy Association
Jump up ^ "More recycling raises average energy content of waste used to generate electricity". U.S. Energy Information Administration. September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Directive 2009/28/EC on the promotion of the use of energy from renewable sources". European Union. April 23, 2009.
Jump up ^ The biogenic content of process streams from mechanical–biological treatment plants producing solid recovered fuel. Do the manual sorting and selective dissolution determination methods correlate? by Mélanie Séverin, Costas A. Velis, Phil J. Longhurst and Simon J.T. Pollard., 2010. In: Waste Management 30(7): 1171-1182
Jump up ^ A New Method to Determine the Ratio of Electricity Production from Fossil and Biogenic Sources in Waste-to-Energy Plants. by Fellner, J., Cencic, O. and Rechberger, H., 2007. In: Environmental Science & Technology, 41(7): 2579-2586.
Jump up ^ Determination of biogenic and fossil CO2 emitted by waste incineration based on 14CO2 and mass balances. by Mohn, J., Szidat, S., Fellner, J., Rechberger, H., Quartier, R., Buchmann, B. and Emmenegger, L., 2008. In: Bioresource Technology, 99: 6471-6479.
Jump up ^ "Fuelled stations and FMS" (PDF). ofgem.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Fuel Measurement and Sampling (FMS) Questionnaire: Carbon-14". ofgem.gov.uk. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Energy from Waste State-of-the-Art Report, Statistics 5th Edition August 2006. International Solid Waste Association (ISWA)
Jump up ^ Energy-from-Waste facility in Lee County run as Covanta Lee, Inc.
Jump up ^ Algonquin Power Energy from Waste Facility from the homepage of Algonquin Power
Jump up ^ "Enerkem to Squeeze Biofuel Out of Old Electricity Poles". gigaom.com. January 13, 2009.
Jump up ^ Enerkem press release December 2013 found at the PR Newswire webpage.
Jump up ^ "Enerkem Website". Enerkem. March 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ "AFSOC makes 'green' history while investing in future". US Air Force Special Operations Command. Archived from the original on 2011-05-09. Retrieved 2011-04-28. .
Jump up ^ "Pyrogenesis Perfecting Plasma". Biomass Magazine.
Jump up ^ "PyroGenesis Plasma Gasification and Waste Incineration System". Government Liquidation.
Jump up ^ http://www.rewmag.com/dod-gasification-auction-pyrogenesis.aspx
Jump up ^ "Autonomie énergétique pour un refuge de montagne : panneaux solaires". Connaissance des Énergies. 5 July 2012. Retrieved 28 February 2015.
Jump up ^ "Waste Biomass Carbonization Plant - KG Biomass Plant".
Further reading[edit]
Field, Christopher B. "Emissions pathways, climate change, and impacts." PNAS 101.34 (2004): 12422–12427.
Sudarsan, K. G., and Mary P. Anupama. "The Relevance of Biofuels." Current Science 90.6 (2006): 748. 18 Oct. 2009 <http://www.iisc.ernet.in/currsci/mar252006/748a.pdf>.
Tilman, David. "Environmental, economic, and energetic costs." PNAS 103.30 (2006): 11206–11210.
"Biofuels News". Chemical Engineering Progress. . FindArticles.com. 18 Oct. 2009. <[2][dead link]>
"Waste to Ethanol." Centurymarc. 2007. 10
External links[edit]
Waste-to-Energy Indonesia
Waste-to-Energy Research and Technology Council
Energy Recovery from the Combustion of Municipal Solid Waste - EPA
WtERT Germany
LowCarbonEconomy.com
Gasification Technologies Council
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Language of the New Testament
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The New Testament was written in a form of Koine Greek,[1][2] which was the common language of the Eastern Mediterranean[3][4][5][6] from the Conquests of Alexander the Great (335–323 BC) until the evolution of Byzantine Greek (c. 600).
Contents
[hide]
1 The Hellenistic Jewish world
2 Background on Koine Greek
3 Languages used in ancient Judea
4 The language of the New Testament
5 Languages of Jesus
6 Other views
7 References
The Hellenistic Jewish world[edit]
Main article: Hellenistic Judaism
The New Testament Gospels and Epistles were only part of a Hellenistic Jewish culture in the Roman Empire, where Alexandria had a larger Jewish population than Jerusalem, and Greek was spoken by more Jews than Hebrew.[7] Other Jewish Hellenistic writings include those of Jason of Cyrene, Josephus, Philo, Demetrius the chronographer, Eupolemus, Pseudo-Eupolemus, Artapanus of Alexandria, Cleodemus Malchus, Aristeas, Pseudo-Hecataeus, Thallus, and Justus of Tiberias, Pseudo-Philo, many Old Testament Pseudepigrapha and the Septuagint translation of the Hebrew Bible itself.
Background on Koine Greek[edit]
Main article: Koine Greek
Whereas the Classical Greek city states used different dialects of Greek, a common standard, called Koine (κοινή "common"), developed gradually in the 4th and 3rd centuries BC as a consequence of the formation of larger political structures (like the Greek colonies, Athenian Empire, and the Macedonian Empire) and a more intense cultural exchange in the Aegean area, or in other words the Hellenization of the empire of Alexander the Great.
In the Greek Dark Ages and the Archaic Period, Greek colonies were founded all over the Mediterranean basin. However, even though Greek goods were popular in the East, the cultural influence tended to work the other way around. Yet, with the conquests of Alexander the Great (333-323 BC) and the subsequent establishment of Hellenistic kingdoms (above all, the Seleucid Empire and Ptolemaic Kingdom), Koine Greek became the dominant language in politics, culture and commerce in the Near East.
During the following centuries, Rome conquered Greece and the Macedonian Kingdoms piece for piece until, with the conquest of Egypt in 30 BC, she held all land around the Mediterranean. However, as Horace gently puts it: "Conquered Greece has conquered the brute victor and brought her arts into rustic Latium" (Graecia capta ferum victorem cepit et artis intulit agresti Latio.[8]) Roman art and literature were calqued upon Hellenistic models.
Koine Greek remained the dominant language in the eastern part of the Roman Empire, extending into the Byzantine Empire as Byzantine Greek. In the city of Rome, Koine Greek was in widespread use among ordinary people, and the elite spoke and wrote Greek as fluently as Latin. Jewish Koine Greek did not exist as a separate dialect, but some Jewish texts in Koine Greek do show the influence of Aramaic in syntax and the influence of Biblical background in vocabulary.
Languages used in ancient Judea[edit]
See also: Aramaic and Hellenistic Judaism
After the Babylonian captivity, Aramaic replaced Biblical Hebrew as the everyday language in Palestine. The two languages were as similar as two Romance languages or two Germanic languages today. Thus Biblical Hebrew, which was still used for religious purposes, was not totally unfamiliar, but still a somewhat strange norm that demanded a certain degree of training to be understood properly.
After Alexander, Palestine was ruled by the Ptolemies and the Seleucids for almost two hundred years. Jewish culture was heavily influenced by Hellenistic culture, and Koine Greek was used not only for international communication, but also as the first language of many Jews. This development was furthered by the fact that the largest Jewish community of the world lived in Ptolemaic Alexandria. Many of these diaspora Jews would have Greek as their first language, and first the Torah and then other Jewish scriptures (later the Christian "Old Testament") were therefore translated into standard Koine Greek, i.e. the Septuagint.
Currently, 1,600 Jewish epitaphs (funerary inscriptions) are extant from ancient Palestine dating from 300 B.C. to 500 A.D. Approximately 70 percent are in Greek, about 12 percent are in Latin, and only 18 percent are in Hebrew or Aramaic. "In Jerusalem itself about 40 percent of the Jewish inscriptions from the first century period (before 70 C.E.) are in Greek. We may assume that most Jewish Jerusalemites who saw the inscriptions in situ were able to read them".[9]
The language of the New Testament[edit]
Most biblical scholars adhere to the view that the Greek text of the New Testament is the original version.[10] However, there does exist an alternative view which maintains that it is a translation from an Aramaic original, a position known as Peshitta Primacy (also known in primarily non-scholarly circles as "Aramaic primacy"). Although this view has its adherents, the vast majority of scholars dispute this position citing linguistic, historical, and textual inconsistencies.[11] At any rate, since most of the texts are written by diaspora Jews such as Paul the Apostle and his possibly Gentile companion, Luke, and to a large extent addressed directly to Christian communities in Greek-speaking cities (often communities consisting largely of Paul's converts, which appear to have been non-Jewish in the majority), and since the style of their Greek is impeccable,[12] a Greek original is more probable than a translation.
Even Mark, whose Greek is heavily influenced by his Semitic substratum, seems to presuppose a non-Hebrew audience. Thus, he explains Jewish customs (e.g. Mark 7:3-4, see also Mark 7), and he translates Aramaic phrases into Greek (Mark 3:17: boanerges; Mark 5:41: talitha kum; Mark 7:34: ephphatha; Mark 14:36: abba; Mark 15:22: Golgotha; Mark 15:34, see also Aramaic of Jesus and Sayings of Jesus on the cross). In the Aramaic Syriac version of the Bible, these translations are preserved, resulting in odd texts like Mark 15:34:
Greek text
καὶ τῇ ἐνάτῃ ὥρᾳ ἐβόησεν ὁ Ἰησοῦς φωνῇ μεγάλῃ· ελωι ελωι λεμα σαβαχθανι; ὅ ἐστιν μεθερμηνευόμενον Ὁ θεός μου ὁ θεός μου, εἰς τί ἐγκατέλιπές με;
Syriac text (with rough transliteration)
ܘܒ݂ܰܬ݂ܫܰܥ ܫܳܥܺܝܢ ܩܥܳܐ ܝܶܫܽܘܥ ܒ݁ܩܳܠܳܐ ܪܳܡܳܐ ܘܶܐܡܰܪ ܐܺܝܠ ܐܺܝܠ ܠܡܳܢܳܐ ܫܒ݂ܰܩܬ݁ܳܢܝ ܕ݁ܺܐܝܬ݂ܶܝܗ ܐܰܠܳܗܝ ܐܰܠܳܗܝ ܠܡܳܢܳܐ ܫܒ݂ܰܩܬ݁ܳܢܝ܂
wbatša‘ šā‘yin: q‘ā’ yešua‘ bqālā’ rāmā’ we’mar, ’ēl ’ēl lmānā’ šbaqtāni di’aiteyh ’elāhi ’elāhi lmānā’ šbaqtāni
King James
"And at the ninth hour Jesus cried with a loud voice, saying, Eloi, Eloi, lama sabachthani? which is, being interpreted, My God, my God, why hast thou forsaken me?"
In the Peshitta:
Mark 7:34 does not contain the doubled-up meaning.
Mark 15:34 has two versions of the same expression: the former in Jesus's spoken dialect, the latter in another dialect.
Languages of Jesus[edit]
Main article: Language of Jesus
The languages spoken in Galilee and Judea during the first century include the Semitic Aramaic and Hebrew languages as well as Greek, with Aramaic being the predominant language.[13][14] Most scholars agree that during the early part of first century Aramaic was the mother tongue of virtually all natives of Galilee and Judea.[15] Most scholars support the theory that Jesus spoke Aramaic and that he may have also spoken Hebrew and Greek.[13][14][16][17] Stanley E. Porter concluded: "The linguistic environment of Roman Palestine during the first century was much more complex, and allows for the possibility that Jesus himself may well have spoken Greek on occasion."[18]
Other views[edit]
Main articles: Aramaic primacy and Hebrew Gospel hypothesis
Critics of the mainstream consensus in favour of Greek being the original language of the New Testament claim logical improbabilities in the Greek Text compared to the Syriac/Hebrew Texts and vocabulary containing wordplay in the Syriac/Hebrew New Testament texts that parallels Hebraic wordplay in the Old Testament.[19][20] These arguments are rejected by the academic mainstream.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kurt Aland, Barbara Aland The text of the New Testament: an introduction to the critical 1995 p52 "The New Testament was written in Koine Greek, the Greek of daily conversation. The fact that from the first all the New Testament writings were written in Greek is conclusively demonstrated by their citations from the Old Testament, .."
Jump up ^ Archibald Macbride Hunter Introducing the New Testament 1972 p9 "How came the twenty-seven books of the New Testament to be gathered together and made authoritative Christian scripture? 1. All the New Testament books were originally written in Greek. On the face of it this may surprise us."
Jump up ^ Wenham The elements of New Testament Greek -p xxv Jeremy Duff, John William Wenham - 2005 "This is the language of the New Testament. By the time of Jesus the Romans had become the dominant military and political force, but the Greek language remained the 'common language' of the eastern Mediterranean and beyond, and Greek ..."
Jump up ^ Daniel B. Wallace Greek Grammar Beyond the Basics: An Exegetical Syntax of the New Testament 1997
Jump up ^ Henry St. John Thackeray Grammar of New Testament Greek ed. Friedrich Wilhelm Blass, 1911 "By far the most predominant element in the language of the New Testament is the Greek of common speech which was disseminated in the East by the Macedonian conquest, in the form which it had gradually assumed under the wider development ..."
Jump up ^ David E. Aune The Blackwell companion to the New Testament 2009 p61 CHAPTER 4 New Testament Greek Christophe Rico "In this short overview of the Greek language of the New Testament we will focus on those topics that are of greatest importance for the average reader, that is, those with important ..."
Jump up ^ Joseph Mélèze-Modrzejewski The Jews of Egypt: from Rameses II to Emperor Hadrian
Jump up ^ Hor., Epist. 2. 1. 156–7
Jump up ^ Pieter W. Van Der Horst, "Jewish Funerary Inscriptions - Most Are in Greek," Biblical Archaeology Review, Sept.-Oct. 1992, p. 48.
Jump up ^ The International Standard Bible Encyclopedia p281 ed. Geoffrey W. Bromiley - 1959 "Almost all scholars agree that our Gospel of Matthew was originally written in Greek and is not a translated document. Matthew's Greek reveals none of the telltale marks of a translation."
Jump up ^ http://aramaicnt.org/articles/problems-with-peshitta-primacy/; retrieved 3/9/16
Jump up ^ F. F. Bruce The New Testament Documents
^ Jump up to: a b James Barr, Which language did Jesus speak, Bulletin of the John Rylands University Library of Manchester, 1970; 53(1) pages 9-29 [1]
^ Jump up to: a b Handbook to exegesis of the New Testament by Stanley E. Porter 1997 ISBN 90-04-09921-2 pages 110-112
Jump up ^ Discovering the language of Jesus by Douglas Hamp 2005 ISBN 1-59751-017-3 page 3-4
Jump up ^ Jesus in history and myth by R. Joseph Hoffmann 1986 ISBN 0-87975-332-3 page 98
Jump up ^ James Barr's review article Which language did Jesus speak (referenced above) states that Aramaic has the widest support among scholars.
Jump up ^ Porter, Stanley E. (2004). Criteria For Authenticity In Historical-jesus Research. Continuum International Publishing Group. p. 164. ISBN 978-0-567-04360-3. Retrieved 16 May 2013.
Jump up ^ Jung, Chang-Wook (2004). The Original Language of the Lukan Infancy Narrative. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 13–15. ISBN 9780567082053.
Jump up ^ LeRoy Culbertson, Philip (1995). A Word Fitly Spoken: Context, Transmission, and Adoption of the Parables of Jesus. SUNY Press. p. 226. ISBN 9780791423110.
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I Write the Songs
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"I Write the Songs"
Single by Barry Manilow
from the album Tryin' to Get the Feeling
B-side
"A Nice Boy Like Me"
Released
November 1975
Format
7" (45 rpm)
Recorded
1975
Genre
Soft rock[1]
Length
3:43 (single version)
Label
Arista 0157
Songwriter(s)
Bruce Johnston
Producer(s)
Ron Dante
Barry Manilow
Barry Manilow singles chronology
"Could It Be Magic"
(1975) "I Write the Songs"
(1975) "Tryin' to Get the Feeling Again"
(1976)
"I Write the Songs" is a popular song written by Bruce Johnston in 1975 and made famous by Barry Manilow. Manilow's version reached number one on the Billboard Hot 100 chart in January 1976[2] after spending two weeks atop the Billboard adult contemporary chart in December 1975.[3] It won a Grammy Award for Song of the Year and was nominated for Record of the Year in 1977.[3] Billboard ranked it as the No. 13 song of 1976.[4]
The original version was recorded by The Captain & Tennille, who worked with Johnston in the early 1970s with The Beach Boys. It appears on their 1975 album, Love Will Keep Us Together. The first release of I Write the Songs as a single was by then teen-idol David Cassidy from his 1975 solo album The Higher They Climb, which was also produced by Bruce Johnston. Cassidy's version reached #11 on the UK Singles Chart in August of that year.[5]
Johnston has stated that, for him, the "I" in the song is God,[2] and that songs come from the spirit of creativity in all of us. He has said that the song is not about his Beach Boys bandmate Brian Wilson.[6]
Manilow was initially reluctant to record the song, stating in his autobiography Sweet Life: "The problem with the song was that if you didn't listen carefully to the lyric, you would think that the singer was singing about himself. It could be misinterpreted as a monumental ego trip."[3] After persuasion by Clive Davis, then president of Arista Records, Manilow recorded the song, and his version of "I Write the Songs" was the first single taken from the album Tryin' to Get the Feeling. It first charted on the Billboard Hot 100 on November 15, 1975, reaching the top of the chart nine weeks later, on January 17, 1976.
"I Write The Songs"
Barry Manilow's "I Write The Songs" from Tryin' to Get the Feeling
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Contents
1 Chart performance
1.1 Weekly charts
1.2 Year-end charts
2 Cover versions
3 Popularity
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Chart performance[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1975–76)
Peak
position
Australia[7] 5
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[8] 3
Canada Adult Contemporary (RPM)[9] 2
Ireland (IRMA)[10] 11
New Zealand[11] 13
US Billboard Hot 100[12] 1
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[13] 1
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1976)
Rank
Australia[7] 52
Canada[14] 49
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[15] 13
U.S. Billboard Easy Listening [16] 5
"I Write the Songs"
Single by David Cassidy
from the album The Higher They Climb
Released
1975
Format
7" (45 rpm)
Recorded
1975
Genre
Pop
Length
4:07
Label
RCA Records
Songwriter(s)
Bruce Johnston
Producer(s)
Bruce Johnston
David Cassidy singles chronology
"Daydreamer"
(1973) "I Write the Songs"
(1975) "Darlin'"
(1975)
Cover versions[edit]
This song has also been recorded by Johnny Mathis, Frank Chacksfield, Mantovani, Ray Conniff, Richard Clayderman, Tom Jones, Dinah Shore, as well as Bruce Johnston himself on his 1977 album, Going Public. Frank Sinatra sang it as "I Sing the Songs" from 1976 (leaving out the line "and I wrote some rock and roll so you could move"). In 1979, Sammy Davis, Jr. performed it as part of his live show. At the Forum de Montréal in 1976 for the Bob Hope Olympic Benefit Event, Quebec popular singer René Simard performed it live in a French-English two-verse version. In 1975, French singer Claude François performed a French adaptation named "Je Chante des Chansons" (I Sing Songs). In 1976, Filipino singer Rico J. Puno also covered this song with the Tagalog verse in second line as the Manila Sound version. In 2008, Me First and the Gimme Gimmes recorded it on their album Have Another Ball. On August 16, 2016 the song "I Write the Songs" was covered by the members of Calle Siete and Eat Bulaga!'s Thats My Bae Grand Winner Kenneth Medrano for the album Made for You was released on June 22, 2016 after the song "I'll Never Go".
Popularity[edit]
Manilow performed a parody duet entitled "I Write the Songs/I Wreck the Songs" with Rosie O'Donnell on her talk show on April 18, 1997.[citation needed]
Manilow performed another shortened version of this song with Stephen Colbert when he was a guest on The Colbert Report on October 30, 2006.[citation needed]
After his version reached number one, Manilow himself composed a novelty song based on this song which he recorded under the title "I really do write the songs" in which he sings about how he composes each part of a song and the line "sometimes I really do write the songs" at the end of each verse. In the finale he sings, "sometimes...ah, what the hell...I write the songs." Unreleased at the time, it was included as a bonus track on the reissue of his album This One's for You in 2006.
See also[edit]
List of number-one adult contemporary singles of 1975 (U.S.)
List of Hot 100 number-one singles of 1976 (U.S.)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Lecaro, Lina (November 19, 2016). "This Monthly Club Is a Non-Ironic Celebration of Rock's Softer Side". LA Weekly.
^ Jump up to: a b Bronson, Fred (2003). The Billboard Book of #1 Hits, 5th Edition (Billboard Publications), page 425.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hyatt, Wesley (1999). The Billboard Book of #1 Adult Contemporary Hits (Billboard Publications), page 177.
Jump up ^ Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1976
Jump up ^ UK Singles Chart info Chartstats.com. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
Jump up ^ "I Write The Songs by Barry Manilow Songfacts". Songfacts.com. 2011-09-17. Retrieved 2014-04-08.
^ Jump up to: a b Steffen Hung. "Forum - 1970 (ARIA Charts: Special Occasion Charts)". Australian-charts.com. Archived from the original on 2016-06-02. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Singles: Issue 4077a." RPM. Library and Archives Canada.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Adult Contemporary: Issue 4058." RPM. Library and Archives Canada.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts – Search Results – I Write the Songs". Irish Singles Chart. Retrieved June 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart | The Official New Zealand Music Chart". Nztop40.co.nz. 1976-03-22. Retrieved 2018-03-31.
Jump up ^ "Barry Manilow Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "Barry Manilow Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard.
Jump up ^ "RPM - Library and Archives Canada | RPM - Bibliothèque et Archives Canada". Collectionscanada.gc.ca. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Hits of 1976/Top 100 Songs of 1976". Musicoutfitters.com. Retrieved 2016-04-28.
Jump up ^ Top 50 Adult Contemporary Hits of 1976
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
show
v
t
e
Captain & Tennille
Daryl Dragon
Toni Tennille
Albums
Love Will Keep Us Together
Song of Joy
Come In from the Rain
Dream
Make Your Move
Keeping Our Love Warm
More Than Dancing
The Secret of Christmas
Singles
"Love Will Keep Us Together"
"The Way I Want to Touch You"
"Lonely Night (Angel Face)"
"Shop Around"
"Muskrat Love"
"Can't Stop Dancin'"
"Do That to Me One More Time"
"Happy Together (A Fantasy)"
"Don't Call It Love"
Songs
"Disney Girls"
"Cuddle Up"
"God Only Knows"
"I Write the Songs"
"Wedding Song (There Is Love)"
Related topics
Discography
Carmen Dragon
The Beach Boys
Book:Captain & Tennille
show
v
t
e
Barry Manilow singles
1970s
"Mandy" (1974)
"Sandra" (1974)
"It's a Miracle" (1975)
"Could It Be Magic" (1975)
"I Write the Songs" (1975)
"Tryin' to Get the Feeling Again" (1976)
"This One's for You" (1976)
"Weekend in New England" (1976)
"Looks Like We Made It" (1977)
"Daybreak" (1977)
"It's Just Another New Year's Eve" (1977)
"Can't Smile Without You" (1978)
"Even Now" (1978)
"Copacabana" (1978)
"Ready to Take a Chance Again" (1978)
"Somewhere in the Night" (1978)
"Ships" (1979)
"When I Wanted You" (1979)
1980s
"I Don't Want to Walk Without You" (1980)
"Bermuda Triangle" (1980)
"I Made It Through the Rain" (1980)
"Lonely Together" (1981)
"The Old Songs" (1981)
"Somewhere Down the Road" (1981)
"Let's Hang On!" (1982)
"Oh Julie" (1982)
"Memory" (1982)
"I'm Gonna Sit Right Down and Write Myself a Letter" (1982)
"Read 'Em and Weep" (1983)
"When October Goes" (1984)
"Run to Me" (1985)
"I'm Your Man" (1986)
"Keep Each Other Warm" (1989)
1990s
"If I Can Dream" (1990)
"I'd Really Love to See You Tonight" (1997)
2000s
"River" (2003)
"Unchained Melody" (2006)
"Love Is a Many-Splendored Thing" (2006)
2010s
"Santa Claus Is Coming to Town" (2012)
show
v
t
e
Grammy Award for Song of the Year
1959−1980
"Volare" – Domenico Modugno (songwriter) (1959)
"The Battle of New Orleans" – Jimmy Driftwood (songwriter) (1960)
"Theme from Exodus" – Ernest Gold (songwriter) (1961)
"Moon River" – Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini (songwriters) (1962)
"What Kind of Fool Am I?" – Leslie Bricusse & Anthony Newley (songwriters) (1963)
"Days of Wine and Roses" – Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini (songwriters) (1964)
"Hello, Dolly!" – Jerry Herman (songwriter) (1965)
"The Shadow of Your Smile" – Paul Francis Webster & Johnny Mandel (songwriters) (1966)
"Michelle" – John Lennon & Paul McCartney (songwriters) (1967)
"Up, Up, and Away" – Jimmy Webb (songwriter) (1968)
"Little Green Apples" – Bobby Russell (songwriter) (1969)
"Games People Play" – Joe South (songwriter) (1970)
"Bridge over Troubled Water" – Paul Simon (songwriter) (1971)
"You've Got a Friend" – Carole King (songwriter) (1972)
"The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" – Ewan MacColl (songwriter) (1973)
"Killing Me Softly with His Song" – Norman Gimbel & Charles Fox (songwriters) (1974)
"The Way We Were" – Alan and Marilyn Bergman & Marvin Hamlisch (songwriters) (1975)
"Send In the Clowns" – Stephen Sondheim (songwriter) (1976)
"I Write the Songs" – Bruce Johnston (songwriter) (1977)
"Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)" – Barbra Streisand & Paul Williams (songwriters) / "You Light Up My Life" – Joe Brooks (songwriter) (1978)
"Just the Way You Are" – Billy Joel (songwriter) (1979)
"What a Fool Believes" – Kenny Loggins & Michael McDonald (songwriters) (1980)
1981−2000
"Sailing" – Christopher Cross (songwriter) (1981)
"Bette Davis Eyes" – Donna Weiss & Jackie DeShannon (songwriters) (1982)
"Always on My Mind" – Johnny Christopher, Mark James & Wayne Carson (songwriters) (1983)
"Every Breath You Take" – Sting (songwriter) (1984)
"What's Love Got to Do with It" – Graham Lyle & Terry Britten (songwriters) (1985)
"We Are the World" – Michael Jackson & Lionel Richie (songwriters) (1986)
"That's What Friends Are For" – Burt Bacharach & Carole Bayer Sager (songwriters) (1987)
"Somewhere Out There" – James Horner, Barry Mann & Cynthia Weil (songwriters) (1988)
"Don't Worry, Be Happy" – Bobby McFerrin (songwriter) (1989)
"Wind Beneath My Wings" – Larry Henley & Jeff Silbar (songwriters) (1990)
"From a Distance" – Julie Gold (songwriter) (1991)
"Unforgettable" – Irving Gordon (songwriter) (1992)
"Tears in Heaven" – Eric Clapton & Will Jennings (songwriters) (1993)
"A Whole New World" – Alan Menken & Tim Rice (songwriters) (1994)
"Streets of Philadelphia" – Bruce Springsteen (songwriter) (1995)
"Kiss from a Rose" – Seal (songwriter) (1996)
"Change the World" – Gordon Kennedy, Wayne Kirkpatrick & Tommy Sims (songwriters) (1997)
"Sunny Came Home" – Shawn Colvin & John Leventhal (songwriters) (1998)
"My Heart Will Go On" – James Horner & Will Jennings (songwriters) (1999)
"Smooth" – Itaal Shur & Rob Thomas (songwriters) (2000)
2001−present
"Beautiful Day" – Adam Clayton, David Evans, Laurence Mullen & Paul Hewson (songwriters) (2001)
"Fallin'" – Alicia Keys (songwriter) (2002)
"Don't Know Why" – Jesse Harris (songwriter) (2003)
"Dance with My Father" – Richard Marx & Luther Vandross (songwriters) (2004)
"Daughters" – John Mayer (songwriter) (2005)
"Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own" – Adam Clayton, David Evans, Laurence Mullen & Paul Hewson (songwriters) (2006)
"Not Ready to Make Nice" – Emily Burns Erwin, Martha Maguire, Natalie Maines Pasdar & Dan Wilson (songwriters) (2007)
"Rehab" – Amy Winehouse (songwriter) (2008)
"Viva la Vida" – Guy Berryman, Jonathan Buckland, William Champion & Christopher Martin (songwriters) (2009)
"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" – Thaddis "Kuk" Harrell, Beyoncé Knowles, Terius Nash & Christopher Stewart (songwriters) (2010)
"Need You Now" – Dave Haywood, Josh Kear, Charles Kelley & Hillary Scott (songwriters) (2011)
"Rolling in the Deep" – Adele Adkins & Paul Epworth (songwriters) (2012)
"We Are Young" – Jack Antonoff, Jeff Bhasker, Andrew Dost & Nate Ruess (songwriters) (2013)
"Royals" – Joel Little & Ella Yelich O'Connor (songwriters) (2014)
"Stay with Me" (Darkchild version) – James Napier, William Phillips & Sam Smith (songwriters) (2015)
"Thinking Out Loud" – Ed Sheeran & Amy Wadge (songwriters) (2016)
"Hello" – Adele Adkins & Greg Kurstin (songwriters) (2017)
"That's What I Like" – Christopher Brody Brown, James Fauntleroy, Philip Lawrence, Bruno Mars, Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip (songwriters) (2018)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I_Write_the_Songs&oldid=853220364"
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Singlechart usages for Canadatopsingles
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Singlechart called without song
Singlechart usages for Canadaadultcontemporary
Singlechart usages for Ireland2
Singlechart usages for Billboardhot100
Singlechart usages for Billboardadultcontemporary
All articles with unsourced statements
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