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Traveling Wilburys
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The Traveling Wilburys
The Traveling Wilburys in May 1988
(top: Jeff Lynne, Tom Petty;
bottom: Roy Orbison, Bob Dylan, George Harrison)
Background information
Origin
Malibu, California
Genres
Folk rock, country rock, roots rock
Years active
1988 (1988)–1991 (1991)
Labels
Wilbury
Associated acts
The Beatles, Electric Light Orchestra, Tom Petty & the Heartbreakers
Website
www.travelingwilburys.com
Past members
George Harrison
Jeff Lynne
Tom Petty
Bob Dylan
Roy Orbison
The Traveling Wilburys (sometimes shortened to the Wilburys) were a British-American supergroup consisting of Bob Dylan, George Harrison, Jeff Lynne, Roy Orbison, and Tom Petty. The band recorded two albums, the first in 1988 and the second in 1990, though Orbison died before the second was recorded.
The project's work received much anticipation given the diverse nature of the singer-songwriters. Their debut album Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1 proved an enduring critical success, in 1989 and 1990 winning accolades such as a Grammy for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Background
1.2 1988–91
1.2.1 "Handle with Care" and band formation
1.2.2 Debut album
1.2.3 Orbison's death, "Nobody's Child" and Vol. 3
1.3 After the Wilburys
2 Legacy and influence
3 Catalogue reissue and Genesis Publications book
4 Line-ups
5 Discography
5.1 Studio albums
5.2 Box sets
5.3 Singles
5.4 Other charted songs
5.5 Collaborations between members
6 Notes
7 References
8 Sources
9 External links
History[edit]
Background[edit]
None of this would've happened without him. It was George's band – it was always George's band and it was a dream he had for a long time.[1]
– Tom Petty
George Harrison first mentioned the Traveling Wilburys publicly during a radio interview with Bob Coburn on the show Rockline in February 1988.[2] When asked how he planned to follow up the success of his Cloud Nine album, Harrison replied: "What I'd really like to do next is ... to do an album with me and some of my mates ... It's this new group I got [in mind]: it's called the Traveling Wilburys, I'd like to do an album with them and then later we can all do our own albums again."[3][nb 1] According to Jeff Lynne, who co-produced Cloud Nine, Harrison introduced the idea of the two of them starting a band together around two months into the sessions for his album,[5] which began in early January 1987.[6] When discussing who the other members might be, Harrison chose Bob Dylan and Lynne opted for Roy Orbison.[5][7] The term "Wilbury" also originated during the Cloud Nine sessions. Referring to recording errors created by faulty equipment, Harrison jokingly remarked to Lynne, "We'll bury 'em in the mix."[8] Thereafter, they used the term for any small error in performance. Harrison first suggested "the Trembling Wilburys" as the group's name; at Lynne's suggestion, they amended it to "Traveling Wilburys".[2]
During his Rockline interview, Harrison voiced his support for Dylan,[9] at a time when the latter was experiencing an artistic and commercial low point in his career.[10] Harrison and Lynne became friends with Tom Petty in October 1987, when Petty and his band, the Heartbreakers, toured Europe as Dylan's backing group.[11][12] The friendship continued in Los Angeles later that year. There, Harrison struck up a musical rapport with Petty based on their shared love of 1950s rock 'n' roll,[13] and Lynne began collaborating with Petty on what became the latter's debut solo album, Full Moon Fever,[14] and writing songs with Orbison, Lynne's longtime musical hero,[15] for his comeback album, Mystery Girl.[16][17] According to Petty, Harrison's dream for the Wilburys was to handpick the participants and create "the perfect little band", but the criteria for inclusion was governed most by "who you could hang out with".[18] The five musicians also bonded over a shared appreciation of the English comedy troupe Monty Python.[19] Harrison, who had worked with the members of Monty Python on various productions by his company HandMade Films since the late 1970s, particularly appreciated Orbison's gift for impersonation and his ability to recite entire sketches by the troupe.[20][21]
1988–91[edit]
"Handle with Care" and band formation[edit]
The band came together in April 1988,[22] when Harrison was in Los Angeles to oversee the filming of his HandMade production Checking Out.[23] At that time, Warner Bros. Records asked Harrison for a new song to serve as the B-side for the European release of his third single from Cloud Nine, "This Is Love".[24] During a meal with Lynne and Orbison, Harrison asked Lynne to help him record the track and invited Orbison to attend the session,[25] which he then arranged to take place at Dylan's garage studio in Malibu[4] since no professional studios were available at such short notice.[9] Petty's involvement came about when Harrison went to retrieve his guitar from Petty's house and invited him to attend also.[26][27]
Working on a song that Harrison had recently started writing, the ensemble completed the track, which they titled "Handle with Care" after a label on a box in Dylan's garage.[4] When Harrison presented the recording to Warner Bros., the executives insisted that the song was too good to be used as "filler" on a European single. In Petty's recollection, Harrison and Lynne then decided to realise their idea of forming a Wilburys band, and first invited him to join before phoning Dylan, who also agreed to join.[28] That night, Harrison, Lynne and Petty drove to Anaheim to see Orbison perform at the Celebrity Theatre and recruited him for the group shortly before he went on stage. In Petty's description, Orbison performed an "unbelievable show", during which "we'd punch each other and go, 'He's in our band, too.' ... We were all so excited."[28]
Debut album[edit]
From my point of view, I just tried to preserve our relationship. I worked so hard to make sure that all the guys who were in that band, and consequently on record and film, that their friendship wasn't abused. Just to preserve our friendship – that was the underlying contribution, I think, that I was trying to do.[29]
– George Harrison
The band members decided to create a full album together, Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1. Video footage of the creative process was partly shot by British photographer NJ Latham and later edited by Harrison. The album was recorded primarily over a ten-day period in May 1988[30] to allow for Dylan's limited availability as he prepared for his upcoming US tour.[31][32] These sessions were held in the house of Eurythmics member Dave Stewart, in Los Angeles.[33] The five band members sat in a circle playing acoustic guitars in Stewart's kitchen;[34] once each song's basic track had been written and recorded there (with accompaniment from a drum machine), the group recorded their vocals in another room, usually after dinner each night.[35][36] Petty recalled that, as a friend but also an avowed fan of Dylan's, Harrison felt the need to clear the air on the first day by saying to him: "We know that you're Bob Dylan and everything, but we're going to just treat you and talk to you like we would anybody else." Dylan replied: "Well, great. Believe it or not, I'm in awe of you guys, and it's the same for me."[37] While most of the songs had a primary composer,[38] all of the band members were creative equals.[31] Petty later described Harrison as the Wilburys' "leader and manager",[39] and credited him with being a bandleader and producer that had a natural instinct for bringing out the best in people and keeping a recording session productive.[40][nb 2] As the group's producers, Harrison and Lynne directed the sessions, with Harrison often auditioning each member to decide who should sing a particular lead vocal part.[43][44] The two producers then flew back to England; Lynne recalls that, throughout the flight, he and Harrison enthused about how to turn the sparse, acoustic-based tracks into completed recordings.[45] Overdubs and further recording took place at Harrison's studio, FPSHOT,[28] with "Sideburys" Jim Keltner (drums), Jim Horn (saxophones) and Ray Cooper (percussion).[22] Harrison described the band's sound as "skiffle for the 1990s".[46]
The album was released on 18 October 1988.[47] Distributed by Warner Bros., it appeared on the new Wilbury record label rather than on Harrison's Dark Horse label, in the interests of maintaining the group identity.[42] Over the months following the end of recording in the summer, contractual issues had been successfully negotiated between Warner's and the record companies representing Dylan, Petty, Lynne and Orbison. As was the case in 1971 when EMI prepared Harrison's multi-artist live album from the Concert for Bangladesh for release, Columbia, Dylan's label, presented the main stumbling block.[22][nb 3] In the album credits, the "Wilburys" joke was extended further, with the band members listed under various pseudonyms and pretending to be half-brothers – sons of a fictional Charles Truscott Wilbury, Sr.[48][49] During promotion for the album, Orbison played along with the mock history, saying: "Some people say Daddy was a cad and a bounder, but I remember him as a Baptist minister."[50][30]
Vol. 1 was a critical and commercial success, and revitalised the careers of Dylan, Orbison and Petty.[51] As Harrison had intended, the album defied contemporary musical trends such as hip hop, acid house and synthesised pop; author Alan Clayson likens its release to "a Viking longship docking in a hovercraft terminal".[52][nb 4] The album produced two successful singles and went on to achieve triple-platinum certification for sales in the United States. It was nominated for several awards and won the 1990 Grammy Award for Best Rock Performance by a Duo or Group. Liner notes on the album cover were written by Monty Python's Michael Palin under a pseudonym.[30] Palin's essay was based on an idea by Derek Taylor,[49] who wrote an extensive fictional history of the Wilburys family that otherwise went unused.[39] Harrison planned a feature film about the band, to be produced by HandMade and directed by David Leland, but contractual problems ended the project.[54]
Orbison's death, "Nobody's Child" and Vol. 3[edit]
Roy Orbison died of a heart attack on 6 December 1988.[55] In tribute to him, the music video for the band's second single, "End of the Line", shows Orbison's guitar rocking in a chair as the rest of the group play, along with a photo of him in the background.[56] Although there was speculation in the press that Del Shannon or Roger McGuinn might join the Wilburys, the remaining members never considered replacing Orbison.[39][57][nb 5] Lynne later said: "We'd become this unit, we were all good pals … We always knew we were going to do another one, and now it's just the four of us."[57]
In March 1990, Harrison, Lynne, Petty and Dylan reunited to work on a second Wilburys album, which they intentionally misnumbered Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3.[58] It was preceded by a non-album single, a cover of "Nobody's Child",[49] which the band recorded for Olivia Harrison's Romanian Angel Appeal charity project.[58][59] The duration of the main album sessions was again dictated by Dylan's touring schedule and limited availability. Having asked Dylan to record a lead vocal for all the songs before his departure, Harrison was then loath to replace many of the parts, resulting in a greater prominence for Dylan as a lead singer.[58] Although he ceded his own role as a lead vocalist to Dylan and to Petty,[60] Harrison took over more of the production and contributed more prominently as a lead guitarist than before.[61] Petty described the album as "a little more rough and ready, a bit more raucous" than Vol. 1,[62] while Dylan said the new songs were more developed as compositions relative to the "scraped up from jam tapes" approach to the band's debut.[58]
Vol. 3 was released on 29 October 1990.[63] It was dedicated to Orbison, as "Lefty Wilbury", the pseudonym that Orbison had used in 1988 in honour of his hero Lefty Frizzell.[64] The album met with less success than the previous one. According to Warner Bros. head Mo Ostin, the choice of album title came about through "George being George";[8] apparently Harrison was making a wry reference to the appearance of a bootleg that served as a sort of Volume 2.[65] The album's liner notes were written by Eric Idle, another Python member, who again adopted a pseudonym. For the band's final single, "Wilbury Twist", they filmed a video in which Idle, John Candy and other comedic actors attempt to master the song's eponymous dance style. The clip was filmed in Los Angeles and completed on 28 February 1991.[66][nb 6]
After the Wilburys[edit]
According to Jim Keltner, the Wilburys' drummer, the decision on the group's future after Vol. 3 lay with Harrison. Keltner said that from his conversations with Lynne, Petty and Dylan, they were all keen to reunite, whereas Harrison wavered in his enthusiasm.[68] While Harrison was against the idea of touring, Petty recalled: "I kept getting down on my knees in front of George, saying, 'Please, it's so much money!"[68]
After his 1991 tour of Japan – his first series of concerts since 1974 – Harrison spoke of a possible Traveling Wilburys tour:
That would be something I'd like to experience. I've always played around in my own mind what a Wilburys tour could be. Would each person do a solo set and then do Wilburys at the end, or would we all go right on from beginning to end and make everything Wilburys? It's an intriguing thought. We could have a great band up there and the four of us could play acoustic if we wanted to. We could all sing "Blowin' in the Wind" and Bob could sing "Something". Or we could just sing our individual songs and make them Wilbury tunes, as if we'd recorded them that way. Whatever it was, we could do it.
The Wilburys tour never came about. Petty said about the Wilburys touring:
I think it would work, if we wanted to do it. I don't think we ever considered it, really. There were a lot of nights when the conversation would roll around to that. But I don't think anybody ever took it seriously. I think it would ruin it in a way. Then you're obligated to be responsible and it's not in the character of that group. It would make it very formal and that would be the wrong spirit.
Legacy and influence[edit]
One of the most amazing things ever about the Wilburys was this poles-apart thing of Roy [Orbison] and Bob Dylan. That's what I thought was wonderful – the best singer and the best lyricist, and they're both in the same group.[69]
– Jeff Lynne
In the Rolling Stone Press book The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll, the Traveling Wilburys are described as "the ultimate supergroup", with a line-up that represented four eras of rock music history and included "three indisputable gods" in Dylan, Harrison and Orbison. The editors also recognise the band as "the antithesis of a supergroup", however, due to the musicians' adoption of fraternal alter egos and the humour inherent in the project.[70] AllMusic managing editor Stephen Thomas Erlewine has similarly written: "It's impossible to picture a supergroup with a stronger pedigree than that (all that's missing is a Rolling Stone), but in another sense it's hard to call the Wilburys a true supergroup, since they arrived nearly two decades after the all-star craze of the '70s peaked, and they never had the self-important air of nearly all the other supergroups. That, of course, was the key to their charm …"[51] Speaking to music journalist Paul Zollo in 2004, Petty agreed that humour and self-effacement had been key factors in the Wilburys' success, adding: "We wanted to make something good in a world that seemed to get uglier and uglier and meaner and meaner … And I'm really proud that I was part of it. Because I do think that it brought a little sunshine into the world."[71]
Harrison said the project was an opportunity to "put a finger up to the rules" by challenging the norms associated with the music industry.[19] Discussing the Wilburys in Peter Bogdanovich's 2007 documentary Runnin' Down a Dream, Petty said that one of the strengths behind the concept was that it was free of any intervention from record company, management or marketing concerns, and instead developed naturally from a spirit of co-operation and mutual admiration among five established artists.[35] Author Simon Leng recognises the venture as primarily a channel through which Harrison and Dylan could escape the restrictions of their serious media images, but also, in its guise as a "phantom band", a development by Harrison of the Rutles' satirical approach to the Beatles' legacy, in this case by "de-mythologizing" rock history.[72]
Inspired by the Traveling Wilburys' success and particularly its benefit to Petty and Orbison as artists, Warner's executive and staff producer Lenny Waronker encouraged American guitarist Ry Cooder to form the band Little Village.[73] The group, comprising Cooder, Keltner, John Hiatt and Nick Lowe, released a self-titled album in 1992.[74] Greg Kot of the Chicago Tribune described the Notting Hillbillies' Missing ... Presumed Having a Good Time as a Traveling Wilburys-type side project for Mark Knopfler of Dire Straits.[75] Writing in New York magazine in late 1990, Elizabeth Wurtzel cited the Notting Hillbillies' album and the self-titled debut by Hindu Love Gods (a band consisting of Warren Zevon and members of R.E.M.) as examples of a trend whereby, following the Wilburys' Vol. 1, "more and more albums seem to be the rock-and-roll equivalents of bowling night."[76]
Writing in The Encyclopedia of Popular Music, Colin Larkin cites the Wilburys' contemporary skiffle as evidence of Lonnie Donegan's continued influence on popular music long after the early 1960s.[77] In his book Lonnie Donegan and the Birth of British Rock & Roll, Patrick Humphries describes the Wilburys as "a makeshift quintet whose roots were firmly and joyously planted in low-key, low-tech skiffle music". He credits the band with inspiring a brief revival of Donegan's "DIY skiffle", which included Knopfler's Notting Hillbillies.[78]
Catalogue reissue and Genesis Publications book[edit]
The whole experience was some of the best days of my life, really, and I think it probably was for us all ... The thing I guess would be hardest for people to understand is what good friends we were. It really had very little to do with combining a bunch of famous people. It was a bunch of friends that just happened to be really good at making music.[79]
– Tom Petty in The True History of the Traveling Wilburys
In the late 1990s and early 2000s, the two Traveling Wilburys albums had limited availability and were out of print in most areas. Harrison, as primary holder of the rights, did not reissue them before his death. In June 2007, the two albums were reissued as The Traveling Wilburys Collection, a box set including both albums on CD (with bonus tracks) and a DVD featuring a 25-minute documentary titled The True History of the Traveling Wilburys and a collection of music videos. The box set was released in three editions; the standard edition, with both CDs and DVD in a double Digipak package and a 16-page booklet; a "deluxe" boxed edition with the CDs and DVD and an extensive 40-page booklet, artist postcards, and photographs; or a "deluxe" boxed edition on vinyl. This version omits the DVD, but adds a 12-inch vinyl disc with rare versions of the songs. The release debuted at number 1 in the UK[80] and Australia,[81] and in other countries.[82] On the US Billboard 200 it reached number 9. The collection sold 500,000 copies worldwide during the first three weeks and remained in the UK top 5 for seven weeks after its release.
In November 2009, Genesis Publications, a company with which Harrison had been associated since the late 1970s,[83] announced the release of a limited edition fine-bound book titled The Traveling Wilburys.[84] Compiled by Olivia Harrison,[85] the book includes rare photographs, recording notes, handwritten lyrics, sketches,[19][86] and first-hand commentary on the band's history, together with a foreword by Lynne.[84] Petty, Lynne, Olivia Harrison, Barbara Orbison, Keltner and Idle were among those who attended the US launch at a Beverly Hills bookshop in March 2010.[87] In an interview to publicise the book, Lynne expressed his sadness at the deaths of Harrison and Orbison, and reflected: "The Wilburys was such a wonderful band, such a marvellous thing to be part of. They were the best people I could ever wish to work with. Every day was like, 'Wow!' ... it was fun from day one."[85]
Line-ups[edit]
Volume 1
"Nelson Wilbury" – George Harrison
"Otis Wilbury" – Jeff Lynne
"Lefty Wilbury" – Roy Orbison
"Charlie T. Wilbury, Jr." – Tom Petty
"Lucky Wilbury" – Bob Dylan
Volume 3
"Spike Wilbury" – George Harrison
"Clayton Wilbury" – Jeff Lynne
"Muddy Wilbury" – Tom Petty
"Boo Wilbury" – Bob Dylan
Jim Keltner, the session drummer and percussionist, was not listed as a Wilbury on either album. However, he is seen in all of the group's music videos, and on the DVD released in 2007, he is given the nickname "Buster Sidebury". Overdubs to the bonus tracks "Maxine" and "Like a Ship" also credited as "Ayrton Wilbury", a pseudonym for Dhani Harrison. The name Ayrton was used in honour of F1 racer Ayrton Senna.[88] Jim Horn played saxophone on both albums. The lead guitar on the Volume 3 song "She's My Baby" was played by rock guitarist Gary Moore ("Ken Wilbury").[89]
Discography[edit]
Studio albums[edit]
Title
Details
Peak chart positions
Certifications
(sales threshold)
US
[90]
AUS
[91]
AUT
[92]
NOR
[93]
NZ
[94]
SWE
[95]
SWI
[96]
UK
[97]
Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1
Release date: 18 October 1988
Label: Wilbury Records
Formats: CD, vinyl, cassette
3 1 3 2 2 2 6 16
CAN: 6× Platinum[98]
UK: Silver[99]
US: 3× Platinum[100]
Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3
Release date: 29 October 1990
Label: Wilbury Records
Formats: CD, vinyl, cassette
11 14 22 3 19 5 18 14
CAN: Platinum[98]
UK: Platinum[99]
US: Platinum[101]
The Traveling Wilburys contributed the title track, "Nobody's Child", to the Romanian Angel Appeal benefit album Nobody's Child: Romanian Angel Appeal, released on 24 July 1990. Harrison appeared as Nelson Wilbury on Warner Bros. Records' 1988 holiday promo album Winter Warnerland (which also included Paul Reubens as "Pee Wee Wilbury"). In his capacity as producer, Harrison credited himself as "Spike and Nelson Wilbury" on his 1992 live album Live in Japan. The same year, the Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers single "Christmas All Over Again" contained a greeting that read "Merry Christmas from Nelson and Pee Wee Wilbury."
Box sets[edit]
Title
Details
Peak chart positions
Certifications
(sales threshold)
US
[90]
AUS
[91]
AUT
[92]
NOR
[93]
NZ
[94]
SWE
[95]
SWI
[96]
UK
[97]
The Traveling Wilburys Collection
Release date: 11 June 2007
Label: Wilbury Records
Formats: CD, vinyl, music download
9 1 24 1 1 2 45 1
AUS: 2× Platinum[102]
UK: Platinum[99]
US: Gold[103]
Singles[edit]
Year
Single
Peak chart positions
Album
US
[104]
US Main
[105]
US AC
[106]
AUS
[107]
CAN
[108]
NZ
[109]
UK
[97]
1988
"Handle with Care"
45 2 30 3 — 4 21 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1
1989
"End of the Line"
63 2 28 12 — 11 52
1990
"Nobody's Child"
— — — — — 9 44 Nobody's Child: Romanian Angel Appeal
"She's My Baby"
— 2 — 45 30 — 79 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3
1991
"Wilbury Twist"
— 46 — — 86 — —
"—" denotes releases that did not chart
Other charted songs[edit]
Year
Single
Peak chart positions
Album
US Main
[105]
CAN
[108]
1988
"Last Night"
5 — Traveling Wilburys Vol. 1
1989
"Tweeter and the Monkey Man"
41 —
"Heading for the Light"
7 —
1990
"Inside Out"
16 50 Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3
"—" denotes releases that did not chart
Collaborations between members[edit]
Year
Project
Artist
Collaborators
1970 "I'd Have You Anytime" Harrison Dylan
1970 New Morning sessions Dylan Harrison
1971 The Concert for Bangladesh Harrison Dylan
1985 Porky's Revenge! soundtrack Harrison covered Dylan's "I Don't Want to Do It"
1986 "Band of the Hand" from Band of the Hand Bob Dylan with The Heartbreakers Backup by Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers
1987 "Jammin' Me" Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Dylan
1988 Rock and Roll Hall of Fame Various Dylan, Harrison & others sing "All Along the Watchtower"
1989 Mystery Girl Orbison Harrison, Lynne, Petty
Full Moon Fever Petty Harrison, Lynne, Orbison
"Cheer Down" Harrison Lynne, Petty
1990 Work It Out Jim Horn Harrison, Lynne, Petty
Armchair Theatre Lynne Harrison, Petty
Under the Red Sky Dylan Harrison
A Tribute To John Lennon Various (Ringo Starr) Lynne, Petty
1991 Into the Great Wide Open Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Lynne
Rock On! Del Shannon Lynne, Petty[110]
1992 The 30th Anniversary Concert Celebration Dylan Harrison, Petty
"Christmas All Over Again" Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Lynne
King of Hearts Orbison
1995 "Free as a Bird" The Beatles
1996 "Real Love"
Songs and Music from "She's the One" Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers Harrison
2001 Zoom Electric Light Orchestra
2002 Brainwashed Harrison Lynne
Concert for George Various Lynne & Petty cover some of Harrison's songs
2006 Highway Companion Petty Lynne
2012 Long Wave Lynne Lynne covered Orbison's song "Running Scared"
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Harrison also stated his intention to form such a band in March 1988, in response to a suggestion from television show host Michael Aspel that he should "get a bunch of oldies together".[4]
Jump up ^ In music journalist Neil Staunton's description, "Harrison is acknowledged as the de facto chief Wilbury",[41] while Lynne biographer John Van der Kiste describes the Wilburys as "in effect George's group".[42] In a 2009 interview for Mojo, in response to Mat Snow's question "In a band of bandleaders, who was the alpha Wilbury?", Petty said: "Definitely George. It was his idea, his vision … Yeah, he'd only ever been in one band [the Beatles]. But he was the best bandleader I ever saw. He was really good at organising things, at knowing who was best at what, delegating what to do. He had a great passion for a band."[40] Petty also recalled a subsequent discussion with Dylan when the pair were marvelling at the impact the Wilburys made and Dylan said: "Well, George is really smart. He was in the Beatles, you know."[35]
Jump up ^ One of the record company executives reluctantly agreed, conceding that he did not want to be the person blocking the Wilburys venture and "standing in the way of history being made".[30]
Jump up ^ According to Harrison's neighbour and fellow musician Joe Brown, he identified the Wilburys as a skiffle band. Brown added: "That track 'Rattled', that's a real skiffle thrash-up; it sounds like a washboard, but it's Jim Keltner playing all the grilles on the fridge in George's kitchen."[53]
Jump up ^ Carl Perkins, Robbie Robertson and Gene Pitney were among the other musicians rumoured to be the new fifth Wilbury.[56]
Jump up ^ For its inclusion in the 2007 box set The Traveling Wilburys Collection, the video was re-edited to favour footage of the group miming to the song, with only minimal footage of the guest actors.[67]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 22:49 and 22:57.
^ Jump up to: a b Van der Kiste 2015, p. 112.
Jump up ^ Interview excerpt from Bob Coburn's Rockline radio show, February 1988
^ Jump up to: a b c Clayson 2003, p. 419.
^ Jump up to: a b "Jeff Lynne: 'Bob Dylan Wanted To Call Us Roy & The Boys'". Mojo. 4 November 2015. Retrieved 6 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000, p. 469.
Jump up ^ Zanes 2007, p. 158.
^ Jump up to: a b Ostin, Mo (2007). "The History of the Traveling Wilburys: Introduction". The Traveling Wilburys Collection (CD booklet). Traveling Wilburys. Wilbury Records. pp. 2–3.
^ Jump up to: a b Heylin 2011, p. 625.
Jump up ^ Sounes 2001, pp. 384–85.
Jump up ^ Zollo 2005, pp. 111–12, 233–34.
Jump up ^ Zanes 2007, pp. 158, 164.
Jump up ^ Zanes 2007, pp. 157, 158, 164.
Jump up ^ Zollo 2005, pp. 112–14, 233–34.
Jump up ^ Van der Kiste 2015, pp. 116, 119–20.
Jump up ^ Amburn 1990, pp. 213, 218.
Jump up ^ Romanowski & George-Warren 1995, p. 730.
Jump up ^ Harrison 2011, p. 355.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Traveling Wilburys – Limited Edition Book". Genesis Publications. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, p. 418.
Jump up ^ Van der Kiste 2015, p. 116.
^ Jump up to: a b c Madinger & Easter 2000, p. 475.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, pp. 406–07.
Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000, pp. 470, 475.
Jump up ^ Amburn 1990, p. 218.
Jump up ^ Smax, Willy (2007). The True History of the Traveling Wilburys (DVD). Traveling Wilburys; Willy Smax and Olivia Harrison (producers). Archived from the original on 22 April 2008.
Jump up ^ Van der Kiste 2015, pp. 112–13.
^ Jump up to: a b c Zimmer, Dave (5 May 1989). "Tom Petty: Once In A Full Moon". BAM. Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 22:57 and 23:21.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Clayson 2003, p. 421.
^ Jump up to: a b Heylin 2011, p. 626.
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 2:40 and 3:00.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, p. 420.
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 3:40 and 4:08.
^ Jump up to: a b c Zanes 2007, p. 164.
Jump up ^ Zollo 2005, p. 122.
Jump up ^ The Editors of Rolling Stone 2002, p. 224.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, p. 422.
^ Jump up to: a b c Zollo 2005, p. 124.
^ Jump up to: a b Snow, Mat (October 2009). "Tom Petty". Mojo. Available at Rock's Backpages (subscription required).
Jump up ^ Staunton, Terry (July 2007). "Traveling Wilburys – The Traveling Wilburys Collection". Record Collector. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Van der Kiste 2015, p. 114.
Jump up ^ Zollo 2005, pp. 123, 124.
Jump up ^ Simmons, Michael (November 2011). "Cry for a Shadow". Mojo. p. 85.
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 18:24 and 19:05.
Jump up ^ Huntley 2006, p. 221.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 414.
Jump up ^ "Wilburys Streaming Event Honors Father's Day". Georgeharrison.com. Archived from the original on 29 July 2013. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c Van der Kiste 2015, p. 115.
Jump up ^ Amburn 1990, p. 221.
^ Jump up to: a b Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "The Traveling Wilburys The Traveling Wilburys, Vol. 1". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Clayson 2003, pp. 421–22.
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Jump up ^ The Editors of Rolling Stone 2002, p. 207.
Jump up ^ Badman 2001, p. 416.
^ Jump up to: a b Clayson 2003, p. 423.
^ Jump up to: a b Van der Kiste 2015, p. 124.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Madinger & Easter 2000, p. 478.
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Jump up ^ Leng 2006, pp. 267, 268.
Jump up ^ Zanes 2007, p. 161.
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Jump up ^ Clayson 1989, pp. 206–07.
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Jump up ^ Jacobson, Colin (21 June 2007). "The Traveling Wilburys Collection (2007)". DVD Movie Guide. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Huntley 2006, p. 231.
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 17:40 and 17:51.
Jump up ^ Romanowski & George-Warren 1995, p. 1014.
Jump up ^ Zollo 2005, p. 128.
Jump up ^ Leng 2006, p. 260.
Jump up ^ Willman, Chris (23 February 1992). "Hey, Let's Start a Band: For the fortysomething group of Ry Cooder, John Hiatt, Nick Lowe and Jim Keltner, the road to Little Village wasn't the natural one". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Romanowski & George-Warren 1995, pp. 209, 441.
Jump up ^ Kot, Greg (29 March 1990). "Notting Hillbillies Missing ... Presumed Having a Good …". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Wurtzel, Elizabeth (3 December 1990). "A Good Time Was Had By All". New York. p. 155. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Larkin 2011, p. 746.
Jump up ^ Humphries 2012, pp. 260–61.
Jump up ^ Smax 2007, event occurs between 22:06 and 22:34.
Jump up ^ "Wilburys are UK album number one". BBC News. 17 June 2007. Retrieved 13 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Top 50 Albums Chart – Australian Record Industry Association". Retrieved 13 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Sutherland, Mark (30 June 2007). "Dad-Rock Debut". Billboard. p. 10. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Madinger & Easter 2000, p. 458.
^ Jump up to: a b "News: The Traveling Wilburys Limited-Edition Book From Genesis Publications". georgeharrison.com. 11 November 2009. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Heathcote, Charlotte (21 March 2010). "Every day was like wow for Jeff Lynne". Daily Express. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Villarreal, Jose (ed.) (8 February 2010). "Genesis Publications Chronicles the Adventures of The Traveling Wilburys". ArtDaily. Retrieved 9 November 2017. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ THR staff/AP (5 March 2010). "'Wilburys' Event Attracts Headliners". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ayrton Wilbury nasceu do amor à música e à Fórmula 1" Archived 1 April 2014 at Archive.is. Luiz Augusto Lima. Retrieved 31 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Traveling Wilburys Vol. 3, George Harrison.com. Retrieved 31 March 2014
^ Jump up to: a b "The Traveling Wilburys Album & Song Chart History – Billboard 200". Billboard. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "australian-charts.com – Australian charts portal". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "austriancharts.at – Austria Top 40". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "norwegiancharts.com – Norwegian charts portal". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "chars.org.nz – New Zealand charts portal". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "swedishcharts.com – Swedish charts portal". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Chart Stats – Traveling Wilburys". chartstats.com. Archived from the original on 19 January 2013. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA): Gold & Platinum". Canadian Recording Industry Association. Archived from the original on 30 April 2009. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c "British Phonographic Industry search results". British Phonographic Industry. Archived from the original on 24 September 2009. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "RIAA – Gold & Platinum – March 4, 2011: The Traveling Wilburys certified awards". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "RIAA – Gold & Platinum – March 4, 2011: Volume 3 certified awards". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2007 Albums". ARIA Charts. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "RIAA – Gold & Platinum – March 4, 2011: The Traveling Wilburys Collection certified awards". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "The Traveling Wilburys Album & Song Chart History – Hot 100". Billboard. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Traveling Wilburys – Awards". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 3 July 2012. Retrieved 12 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Traveling Wilburys Album & Song Chart History – Adult Contemporary". Billboard. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "australian-charts.com – Australian charts portal". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Results – RPM – Library and Archives Canada – Top Singles". RPM. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "charts.org.nz – New Zealand charts portal". Hung Medien. Retrieved 4 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Del Shannon Biography". Delshannon.com. Retrieved 13 April 2012.
Sources[edit]
Amburn, Ellis (1990). Dark Star: The Roy Orbison Story. New York, NY: Carol Publishing Group. ISBN 0-8184-0518-X.
Badman, Keith (2001). The Beatles Diary Volume 2: After the Break-Up 1970–2001. London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-7119-8307-6.
Clayson, Alan (1989). Only the Lonely: Roy Orbison's Life and Legacy. London: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 0-312-03961-1.
Clayson, Alan (2003). George Harrison. London: Sanctuary. ISBN 1-86074-489-3.
The Editors of Rolling Stone (2002). Harrison. New York, NY: Rolling Stone Press. ISBN 978-0-7432-3581-5.
Harrison, Olivia (2011). George Harrison: Living in the Material World. New York, NY: Abrams. ISBN 978-1-4197-0220-4.
Heylin, Clinton (2011). Bob Dylan: Behind the Shades (20th Anniversary Edition). London: Faber and Faber. ISBN 978-0-571-27240-2.
Humphries, Patrick (2012). Lonnie Donegan and the Birth of British Rock & Roll. London: Biteback Publishing. ISBN 978-1-849544764.
Huntley, Elliot J. (2006). Mystical One: George Harrison – After the Break-up of the Beatles. Toronto, ON: Guernica Editions. ISBN 1-55071-197-0.
Larkin, Colin (ed.) (2011). The Encyclopedia of Popular Music (5th edn). London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 978-0-85712-595-8. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Lehman, Peter (2010). Roy Orbison: The Invention of an Alternative Rock Masculinity. Philadelphia, PA: Temple University Press. ISBN 978-1-439903896.
Leng, Simon (2006). While My Guitar Gently Weeps: The Music of George Harrison. Milwaukee, WI: Hal Leonard. ISBN 978-1-4234-0609-9.
Madinger, Chip; Easter, Mark (2000). Eight Arms to Hold You: The Solo Beatles Compendium. Chesterfield, MO: 44.1 Productions. ISBN 0-615-11724-4.
Romanowski, Patricia; George-Warren, Holly (eds) (1995). The New Rolling Stone Encyclopedia of Rock & Roll. New York, NY: Fireside/Rolling Stone Press. ISBN 0-684-81044-1. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Smax, Willy (dir.) (2007). The True History of the Traveling Wilburys (DVD). Traveling Wilburys; Willy Smax and Olivia Harrison (producers). Wilbury Record Co.
Sounes, Howard (2001). Down the Highway: The Life of Bob Dylan. London: Doubleday. ISBN 0-385-60125-5.
Van der Kiste, John (2015). Jeff Lynne: The Electric Light Orchestra, Before and After. Stroud, UK: Fonthill Media. ISBN 978-1-78155-492-0.
Zanes, Warren (ed.) (2007). Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers: Runnin' Down a Dream. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books. ISBN 978-0-8118-6201-1. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Zollo, Paul (2005). Conversations with Tom Petty. New York, NY: Omnibus Press. ISBN 1-84449-815-8.
External links[edit]
Book: Traveling Wilburys
Official website
Official book microsite (with Wilburys photos, lyric sheets and quotes)
Traveling Wilburys
Entry at VH1.com
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Master of Wine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Master of Wine (MW) is a qualification (not an academic degree) issued by The Institute of Masters of Wine in the United Kingdom. The MW qualification is generally regarded in the wine industry as one of the highest standards of professional knowledge.[1][2]
The Institute was founded in 1955, but the MW examinations were first arranged in 1953 by the Worshipful Company of Vintners and the Wine and Spirits Association.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Objectives
2 Qualification
3 Membership
4 Notable Masters of Wine
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Objectives[edit]
The Institute of Masters of Wine is a non-profit organization funded by its members and by corporate sponsorship from within the wine industry. Its stated objectives are:
To promote the knowledge, understanding and appreciation of wine;
To uphold the highest standards within the wine industry;
To enhance personal and professional goals in pursuing wine-related activities.
Qualification[edit]
Before enrolling in the MW study programme, prospective students must hold an advanced wine qualification, at least Diploma level from the Wine & Spirit Education Trust, or an appropriately high level sommelier certificate, such as Advanced Sommelier from the Court of Master Sommeliers. Also, prospective students need to have a minimum of three years' professional work experience in the global wine community. Applicants must submit a basic essay, a tasting paper, a brief statement explaining their interest in becoming a Master of Wine, and a reference to support their application, from a Master of Wine or another senior wine trade professional. [4]
The study programme is made up of three stages. Stage 1 is the foundation year and gives students the opportunity to meet Masters of Wine and fellow students in both professional and social settings. Stage 1 assessment includes six pieces of work throughout the year, culminating in an exam that takes place in early June. The exam involves one tasting paper and two essays. Stage 2 is a crucial time for students - it can be very intense but immensely rewarding. Students must provide three pieces of work for assessment throughout the Stage 2 year, and must pass both the Theory and Practical parts of the June MW Examination in order to progress to the Research Paper in Stage 3. The Research paper is an individual paper of between 6,000 and 10,000 words in length, on a topic of the student's choice. The whole qualification takes at least three years to complete in full.
Membership[edit]
Until 1983, the examination was limited to United Kingdom wine importers, merchants and retailers.[5] The first non-UK Master of Wine was awarded in 1988. As of October 2017, there are 369 MWs in the world, living in 29 countries.[6] The MWs are spread across 5 continents, wherein UK has 208 MWs, USA has 45 MWs, Australia has 24 MWs and France only has 16 MWs. There are 9 countries with 1 MW each on the list.
Today, members hold a range of occupations including winemakers, viticulturists, winemaking consultants, wine writers and journalists, wine educators, and wine service, restaurant and hotel management. In addition, many are involved in the purchasing, importing, distribution, sales and marketing of wine. Typically, sommeliers choose to become Master Sommelier, but only a handful of individuals have achieved both qualifications.[7]
Notable Masters of Wine[edit]
Notable Masters of Wine include:[8]
Tim Atkin
Susie Barrie
Gerard Basset
Nicolas Belfrage
Julian Brind
Michael Broadbent
Clive Coates
Mary Ewing-Mulligan
Doug Frost
Debra Meiburg
Ned Goodwin
Anthony Hanson
Jeannie Cho Lee
Benjamin Lewin
Brian McGrath
Jasper Morris
Jonathan Pedley
David Peppercorn
Peter Richards (television presenter) – features on Saturday Kitchen
Jancis Robinson
Arne Ronold
Igor Ryjenkov
Jennifer Simonetti-Bryan
Serena Sutcliffe
See also[edit]
List of wine personalities
Court of Master Sommeliers
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Robinson, Jancis, ed. (2006). "Masters of Wine". The Oxford Companion to Wine (Third ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 430. ISBN 0-19-860990-6.
Jump up ^ "The differences of the CMS, WSET, Master Sommelier, & Master of Wine". Wine on VI.
Jump up ^ Masters of Wine About the Institute of Masters of Wine Archived 2012-07-23 at the Wayback Machine., accessed on December 28, 2016
Jump up ^ http://www.mastersofwine.org/en/education/who-can-apply.cfm
Jump up ^ Perkins, Sam, The New York Times (April 7, 2004). Noses Seek Wine Geekdom's Biggest Prize
Jump up ^ "Frequently asked questions: How many Masters of Wine are there? In how many countries?". The Institute of Masters of Wine. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, Janet, The San Francisco Chronicle (September 22, 2006). The Ultimate Test
Jump up ^ "Meet the Masters of Wine". The Institute of Masters of Wine. Retrieved 1 October 2016.
External links[edit]
The Institute of Masters of Wine
List of MWs by country of residence
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Master_of_Wine&oldid=817228228"
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