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Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief
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This article is about the film. For the novel, see The Lightning Thief. For the series, see Percy Jackson & the Olympians.
Percy Jackson & the Olympians:
The Lightning Thief
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Chris Columbus
Produced by
Karen Rosenfelt
Chris Columbus
Michael Barnathan
Mark Radcliffe
Screenplay by
Craig Titley
Based on
The Lightning Thief
by Rick Riordan
Starring
Logan Lerman
Brandon T. Jackson
Alexandra Daddario
Jake Abel
Sean Bean
Pierce Brosnan
Steve Coogan
Rosario Dawson
Catherine Keener
Kevin McKidd
Joe Pantoliano
Uma Thurman
Music by
Christophe Beck
Cinematography
Stephen Goldblatt
Edited by
Peter Honess
Production
company
1492 Pictures
Sunswept Entertainment
Dune Entertainment
Distributed by
20th Century Fox
Release date
February 2, 2010 (2010-02-02) (Canada)
February 12, 2010 (2010-02-12) (United States)
Running time
119 minutes[1]
Country
United Kingdom[2]
Australia[2]
Canada
United States
Language
English
Budget
$95 million[3][4]
Box office
$227 million[4]
Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief (also known as Percy Jackson & the Lightning Thief) is a 2010 fantasy film directed by Chris Columbus. The film is loosely based on The Lightning Thief, the first novel in the Percy Jackson & the Olympians series by Rick Riordan. It stars Logan Lerman as Percy Jackson alongside an ensemble cast that includes Brandon T. Jackson, Alexandra Daddario, Jake Abel, Rosario Dawson, Steve Coogan, Uma Thurman, Catherine Keener, Kevin McKidd, Sean Bean and Pierce Brosnan. It was released to theaters on February 12, 2010 in the United States by 20th Century Fox.[5]
The film cost $95 million to make.[4] In its opening weekend in North America, it ranked number two at the box office, making $38.8 million.[6] The film, which received mixed reviews from critics, made $226,497,209 worldwide.[4] The film was released on June 29, 2010 on DVD[7] and Blu-ray.[8] A video game based on the film developed by Activision was released for Nintendo DS on February 11, 2010. A stand-alone sequel, Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters, was released on August 7, 2013.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Reception
4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical response
4.3 Awards and nominations
5 Soundtrack
6 Video game
7 Home media
8 Stand-alone sequel
9 References
10 External links
Plot[edit]
In New York City, Zeus and Poseidon meet at the top of the Empire State Building, where Zeus reveals that his master lightning bolt has been stolen and accuses Poseidon's demigod son, Percy Jackson, of the theft. Poseidon reminds him that Percy is unaware of his true identity, but Zeus declares that unless his master bolt is returned to Mount Olympus before the summer solstice, in two weeks' time, war will be waged between all the gods.
Percy is a 16-year-old boy who appears to his peers to be dyslexic and has a unique ability to stay underwater for a long time. While on a school field trip to the local museum, Percy is attacked by Alecto, a Fury disguised as his substitute English teacher, Mrs. Dodds who demands the lightning bolt. Percy's best friend, Grover Underwood, and his Latin teacher, Mr. Brunner— both of whom appear disabled— help Percy and scare off Alecto. Upon learning of Alecto's reason for the attack, Brunner gives Percy a pen, claiming that it is a powerful weapon, and has Grover take Percy and his mother Sally to Camp Half-Blood, leaving behind Sally's abusive husband, Gabe Ugliano. However, upon arriving at the camp, the three are attacked by the Minotaur, who appears to kill Sally, who is unable to enter the camp. Grover tells Percy to use the pen that he received from Brunner, and Percy discovers it is a sword. He uses his sword to fight the Minotaur, without initial success. Percy kills the Minotaur with his own horn, then faints from shock.
Three days later, Percy wakes up in the camp. He learns he is the son of Poseidon, Grover is a disguised Satyr and his junior protector and Brunner is the Centaur, Chiron, also initially disguised. Chiron suggests that Percy go to Mount Olympus to convince Zeus of his innocence. Percy begins training to use his demigod powers, which include water manipulation and using water to heal. He also meets other demigods, including Annabeth Chase, daughter of Athena; and Camp Leader Luke Castellan, son of Hermes. Percy is visited by a fiery apparition of his uncle Hades, who reveals that Sally is with him in the Underworld and that he will return her safely if Percy hands over the lightning bolt. Defying Chiron's orders, Percy decides to go to the Underworld believing if he can convince Hades of his innocence, Hades will release his mother, joined by Grover and Annabeth. They visit Luke, who gives them a map showing the location of three pearls belonging to Hades' wife, Persephone, which they can use to escape the Underworld. They are also given a pair of winged sneakers Luke stole from his father and a shield Luke describes as his favorite.
The trio heads out, locating the first pearl at an old garden center before they suddenly encounter Medusa, who tries to kill them until she is decapitated by Percy; they take her head with them for later use. They locate the second pearl in the Parthenon in Nashville; Percy uses the winged shoes to take it from a statue of Athena. However, they are then confronted by the Hydra, which Grover turns to stone using Medusa's head. The last pearl is located at the Lotus Casino in Las Vegas, where the three eat lotus flowers, which make them forget their reason for being there. They stay in the casino for five days until Poseidon speaks in Percy's mind, helping Percy return to his senses. Percy frees Grover and Annabeth from the effects of the flowers and they flee, discovering that the casino is run by the Lotus-Eaters, and they had been keeping people captive since ancient times. With all three pearls, Percy, Grover, and Annabeth head into the Underworld, the portal to which is located in Hollywood.
In the Underworld, they meet Hades and Persephone. Though Percy tells Hades that he does not have the lightning bolt, Hades finds it hidden inside Luke's shield, revealing that Luke is the lightning thief. Persephone knocks Hades unconscious with the lightning bolt to get her revenge on him for imprisoning her for all eternity and hands the bolt to Percy. However, because they only have three pearls, Grover remains with Persephone to allow Percy's mother to leave. Percy, Annabeth, and Sally teleport to the Empire State Building but are attacked by Luke, who wants to destroy Mount Olympus to secure the demigods' place as the new rulers of Western Civilization. After a fight across Manhattan, Percy defeats and apparently kills Luke and returns the lightning bolt to Zeus, who forgives Percy and allows Poseidon to briefly speak with his son. The film ends with Percy and Annabeth reuniting with Grover, furloughed from Hades and sporting a new pair of small horns that designate his promotion to Percy's senior protector. Percy and Annabeth are reunited, and they nearly kiss but Annabeth tricks Percy and they continue to train.
In the post-credits scene, Ugliano is kicked out of the apartment by Sally. He decides to get a beer on his way out, but finds a note from Percy saying that he should not open the refrigerator. He breaks the lock anyway and is turned to stone and killed by Medusa's head inside, on a serving plate. One of her snakes blurs the screen, revealing the movie's end. The sound of Ugliano turning to stone is heard while the screen is black.
Cast[edit]
See also: List of Percy Jackson & the Olympians cast members
Logan Lerman plays the titular character.
Logan Lerman as Percy Jackson, the demigod son of Poseidon[9]
Brandon T. Jackson as Grover Underwood, Percy's protector, a satyr[9]
Alexandra Daddario as Annabeth Chase, the demigod daughter of Athena, and Percy's romantic foil[10]
Jake Abel as Luke Castellan, the demigod son of Hermes
Sean Bean as Zeus, god of the sky, thunder, lightning, king of the twelve gods of Mount Olympus and brother of Poseidon and Hades. He blames Percy for stealing his bolt.
Kevin McKidd as Poseidon, Percy's father, god of the seas, earthquakes, horses and brother of Zeus and Hades[11]
Steve Coogan as Hades, god of the Underworld, the dead, riches and brother of Zeus and Poseidon[12]
Melina Kanakaredes as Athena, Annabeth's mother, goddess of crafts, domestic arts, strategic warfare, peace and wisdom[11]
Rosario Dawson as Persephone, goddess of springtime and wife of Hades[12]
Dylan Neal as Hermes, Luke's father, god of trade, thieves, travelers, sports, athletes, and messenger of the gods of Mount Olympus.
Erica Cerra as Hera, goddess of birth, family, marriage, women and queen of the twelve gods of Mount Olympus, sister and wife of Zeus
Stefanie von Pfetten as Demeter, goddess of agriculture, fertility, and the harvest, sister of Zeus and mother of Persephone
Dimitri Lekkos as Apollo, god of the sun, light, knowledge, healing, plague and darkness, the arts, music, poetry, prophecy, archery, and twin brother of Artemis
Ona Grauer as Artemis, goddess of the hunt, virginity, the moon, and all animals, and twin sister of Apollo
Serinda Swan as Aphrodite, goddess of love, beauty, wife of Hephaestus and lover of Ares
Conrad Coates as Hephaestus, god of fire, forge, blacksmiths, craftsmen and husband of Aphrodite
Ray Winstone as Ares, god of war, lover of Aphrodite (uncredited)[citation needed]
Luke Camilleri as Dionysus, god of wine, celebrations, ecstasy, and theatre
Uma Thurman as Medusa, a gorgon cursed by Athena[11]
Pierce Brosnan as Chiron, also known as Mr. Brunner, a centaur who trains heroes at Camp Half-Blood, the immortal son of Kronos and brother of Zeus, Poseidon, Hades, Demeter, and Hera
Maria Olsen as Mrs. Dodds / Alecto, a Fury, servant to Hades
Julian Richings as Charon, ferryman of the River Styx, servant to Hades
Catherine Keener as Sally Jackson, Percy's mother[13]
Joe Pantoliano as Gabe Ugliano, Percy's stepfather
Production[edit]
Chris Columbus is the film's director and producer.
In June 2004, 20th Century Fox acquired feature film rights to the book.[14] In April 2007, director Chris Columbus was hired to helm the project.[15] Filming began in April 2009 in Vancouver.[11] Portions of the film were shot at the Parthenon in Nashville, Tennessee, that has a full-scale replica of the original Parthenon in Athens.[16] Filming wrapped up on the morning of July 25, 2009, in Mission, British Columbia. Additional exterior scenes were filmed on location in Brooklyn, New York during the first week of August 2009.[17] Digital intermediate work began in San Francisco in November 2009.[18] Christophe Beck composed the score.[19] Columbus has stated that the cast was chosen specifically with sequels in mind. "I think with Percy Jackson it was a matter of finding the right cast to fit into these roles, sort of the perfect cast for these roles, because hopefully, God willing, we will go on to do other Percy Jackson films and you want the cast to grow with their characters".[20]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
The film opened on February 12, 2010, in 3,356 theaters; its opening weekend box-office results totaled $31,236,067[4] in the U.S., finishing at #3 below The Wolfman, which opened at #2 with $31,479,235 and below Valentine's Day, which opened at #1 with $56,260,707.[21] The film had a strong opening weekend for its genre, posting the highest opening weekend for a fantasy film not from the Harry Potter, Chronicles of Narnia, or Lord of the Rings series.[22] As of September 14, 2010, it grossed a domestic total of $88,768,303 with $137,728,906 elsewhere in the world, bringing it to $226,497,209.[4]
Critical response[edit]
The film received mixed reviews from critics. It holds a 49% approval rating on review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, based on 142 collected reviews, with an average score of 5.3/10. The site's consensus reads: "Though it may seem like just another Harry Potter knockoff, Percy Jackson benefits from a strong supporting cast, a speedy plot, and plenty of fun with Greek mythology."[23] It also holds a Metacritic score of 47 out of 100, based on 31 sampled reviews, indicating "mixed to average reviews."[24] Kenneth Turan of the Los Angeles Times described the film as "standard Hollywood product... unadventurous and uninteresting".[25] The reviewer for The Washington Post thought "the movie suffers by taking itself a little too seriously. It's not just that it's a lot less funny than the book. It's also a lot less fun".[26] On BBC Radio 5, Mark Kermode criticized the similarity of the film to director Chris Columbus's Harry Potter films, likening it to a Harry Potter parody book and dubbing it Benjamin Sniddlegrass and the Cauldron of Penguins.[27] This comment later sparked a satirical fan creation with precisely that title, narrated by Stephen Fry.[28]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Award
Category/Recipient(s)
Result
References
2010 MTV Movie Awards Breakthrough Performance
Logan Lerman
Nominated [29]
Best Fight
Logan Lerman vs. Jake Abel
Nominated
Teen Choice Awards 2010 Choice Movie Actress: Fantasy
Rosario Dawson
Nominated [30][31]
Choice: Breakout Female
Alexandra Daddario
Nominated
Choice: Breakout Male
Logan Lerman
Nominated
Choice: Fight
Logan Lerman vs. Jake Abel
Nominated
37th Saturn Awards Best Performance by a Younger Actor
Logan Lerman
Nominated [32]
2010 Scream Awards Best Cameo
"Rosario Dawson"
Nominated [33]
Soundtrack[edit]
Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief
Soundtrack album by Christophe Beck
Released
February 9, 2010 (2010-02-09)
Genre
Soundtrack
Length
59:07
Label
ABKCO Records
All music composed by Christophe Beck.
No.
Title
Length
1. "Prelude" 2:29
2. "The Minotaur" 5:09
3. "Chiron" 2:02
4. "Victory" 1:32
5. "The Fury" 2:16
6. "Dyslexia" 1:02
7. "The Hydra" 6:54
8. "Medusa" 2:43
9. "Son of Poseidon" 1:57
10. "The Parthenon" 3:42
11. "Hollywood" 2:32
12. "Lost Souls" 2:35
13. "Fighting Luke, Part 1" 3:54
14. "Fighting Luke, Part 2" 2:47
15. "Hades" 2:47
16. "Mount Olympus" 1:27
17. "Poseidon" 3:07
18. "Homecoming" 3:06
19. "End Credits" 7:12
Songs featured in the film that were not included in the soundtrack:
No.
Title
Music
Length
1. "Highway to Hell" AC/DC 3:28
2. "I'll Pretend" Dwight Yoakam 2:22
3. "A Little Less Conversation" Elvis Presley 3:30
4. "Poker Face" Lady Gaga 3:58
5. "Mama Told Me (Not to Come)" Three Dog Night 2:58
6. "Tik Tok" Kesha 3:21
Video game[edit]
A video game based on the film developed by Activision was released for Nintendo DS on February 11, 2010.[34] GameZone's Michael Splechta gave it a 6/10, saying "Percy Jackson might not make a splash when it comes to movie tie-in games, but fans of turn-based combat might find some redeeming qualities in this otherwise bare-bones game."[35] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalised rating out of 100 based on reviews from critics, the game has a score of 56 (citing "mixed or average reviews") based on 6 reviews.[36]
Home media[edit]
The film was released on June 29, 2010 on DVD[7] and Blu-ray.[8] The movie itself charted at the top of the charts (DVD sales) with $13,985,047 in revenue in its first week.[37] As of October 2011, the movie had sold 2,087,368 DVDs with over $37 million in sales.[38]
Stand-alone sequel[edit]
Main article: Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters
In October 2011, 20th Century Fox announced a stand-alone sequel based on the second book, The Sea of Monsters.[39][40] The film was released on August 7, 2013.[41]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "PERCY JACKSON & THE LIGHTNING THIEF | British Board of Film Classification". Bbfc.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-04-29.
^ Jump up to: a b "Percy Jackson & The Olympians The Lightning Thief (2010) | BFI". Explore.bfi.org.uk. Retrieved 2017-04-29.
Jump up ^ "'Valentine's Day,' 'Percy Jackson' and 'Wolfman': The more they cost, the less they made". Los Angeles Times. Tribune Company. February 15, 2010. Retrieved February 16, 2010. The debut of "Percy Jackson" was good, but not great given its $95-million production budget funded by 20th Century Fox, Dune Entertainment and Ingenious Film Partners.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief at Box Office Mojo
Jump up ^ "Contact Information and FAQ:Rick Riordan". Retrieved 2010-01-22.
Jump up ^ Marshall, Rick (February 16, 2010). "What does the 'Percy Jackson' opening weekend mean for Logan Lerman's 'Spider-man' Chances?". Archived from the original on April 1, 2017. Retrieved October 14, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b ASIN B003HARV3Y, Percy Jackson & The Olympians: The Lightning Thief
^ Jump up to: a b ASIN B002ZG98J6, Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief [Blu-ray]
^ Jump up to: a b Siegel, Tatiana (March 2, 2009). "'Percy Jackson' finds lead actors". Variety. Archived from the original on May 15, 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
Jump up ^ Fernandez, Jay A. (March 18, 2009). "'Lightning Thief' finds female lead". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 24, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Siegel, Tatiana (March 25, 2009). "Fox 2000 bulks up 'Percy Jackson'". Variety. Archived from the original on May 15, 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b Hewitt, Chris (May 7, 2009). "Dawson And Coogan Join Percy Jackson". Empire. Archived from the original on May 15, 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (April 15, 2009). "Catherine Keener joins 'Percy Jackson' film". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on April 19, 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
Jump up ^ Brodesser, Claude (June 23, 2004). "'Lightning Thief' strikes Maverick". Variety. Archived from the original on May 15, 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
Jump up ^ Gilstrap, Peter (April 17, 2007). "Columbus struck by 'Lightning'". Variety. Archived from the original on May 15, 2009. Retrieved May 15, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Portions Of Movie To Be Shot At Parthenon". WSMV-TV. June 2, 2009. Archived from the original on June 25, 2009. Retrieved June 25, 2009.
Jump up ^ Chris Columbus, Joe Pantoliano And Logan Lerman On Location For "Percy Jackson & The Olympians: The Lightning Thief" - August 1, 2009. Wireimage. Retrieved October 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ Caranicas, Peter (October 20, 2009). "Goldblatt, Deakins follow similar path". Variety. Archived from the original on December 24, 2009. Retrieved December 24, 2009.
Jump up ^ Knowles, Harry (November 20, 2009). "New trailer for Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief hits..." Ain't It Cool News. Archived from the original on December 24, 2009. Retrieved December 24, 2009.
Jump up ^ Roberts, Sheila (February 8, 2009). "Exclusive Chris Columbus Interview". Roll Credits. Retrieved February 8, 2009.
Jump up ^ Valentine's Day (2010) - Daily Box Office Results - Box Office Mojo
Jump up ^ "Weekend Report: 'Valentine's Day' Massacres Presidents' Day Record". Box Office Mojo. 2010-02-16. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
Jump up ^ "Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief (2010)". Flixster. Retrieved February 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief". CBS Interactive Inc. Retrieved February 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ Turan, Kenneth (February 12, 2010). "Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief Review". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 2010-02-12.
Jump up ^ "Critic Review for Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2010-02-12.
Jump up ^ Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief reviewed by Mark Kermode on YouTube
Jump up ^ "Septemberfest". Mark Kermode and Simon Mayo's Film Reviews. BBC Radio 5 live. 17 September 2010. Retrieved 19 September 2010.
Jump up ^ MTV Movie Awards: When Twilight & Betty White Collide!
Jump up ^ "First Wave of "Teen Choice 2010" Nominees Announced". The Futon Critic. June 14, 2010. Retrieved June 15, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Winners of 'Teen Choice 2010' Awards Announced; Teens Cast More Than 85 Million Votes".
Jump up ^ 37th Annual Saturn Award Nominations
Jump up ^ 2010 Scream Awards#Best TV Show
Jump up ^ "Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief for DS - Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief Nintendo DS - Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief DS Game". Gamespot.com. Retrieved 2010-05-07.
Jump up ^ Splechta, Michael. "Percy Jackson & The Olympians: The Lightning Thief Review". GameZone.com. Retrieved February 26, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Percy Jackson and the Olympians: The Lightning Thief Reviews, Ratings, Credits, and More at Metacritic". Metacritic. Retrieved July 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ "US DVD Sales Chart for Week Ending Jul 4, 2010".
Jump up ^ "Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief - DVD Sales".
Jump up ^ Weinstein, Joshua L. (October 12, 2011). "Fox Sets Valentines Day 2013 Release for Next 'Die Hard'". Reuters. Retrieved October 12, 2011.
Jump up ^ [citation needed]
Jump up ^ "Percy Jackson: Sea of Monsters Moved up to August 7". comingsoon.net. 2013-04-06. Retrieved 2013-04-21.
External links[edit]
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Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief at Rotten Tomatoes
Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief at Metacritic
Percy Jackson & the Olympians: The Lightning Thief at Box Office Mojo
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Adventures in Babysitting (1987)
Heartbreak Hotel (1988)
Home Alone (1990)
Only the Lonely (1991)
Home Alone 2: Lost in New York (1992)
Mrs. Doubtfire (1993)
Nine Months (1995)
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Rent (2005)
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Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (film)
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Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind
Japanese theatrical poster by Yoshiyuki Takani
Japanese
風の谷のナウシカ
Hepburn
Kaze no Tani no Naushika
Directed by
Hayao Miyazaki
Produced by
Isao Takahata
Screenplay by
Hayao Miyazaki
Based on
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind
by Hayao Miyazaki
Starring
Sumi Shimamoto
Gorō Naya
Yōji Matsuda
Yoshiko Sakakibara
Iemasa Kayumi
Music by
Joe Hisaishi
Cinematography
Koji Shiragami
Yukitomo Shudo
Yasuhiro Shimizu
Mamoru Sugiura
Edited by
Tomoko Kida
Naoko Kaneko
Masatsugu Sakai
Production
company
Topcraft
Distributed by
Toei Company
Release date
11 March 1984 (1984-03-11)
Running time
117 minutes
Country
Japan
Language
Japanese
Budget
¥108 million
Box office
¥1.48 billion (gross)
¥742 million (rentals)
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (Japanese: 風の谷のナウシカ, Hepburn: Kaze no Tani no Naushika) is a 1984 Japanese animated epic[1] science fantasy adventure film adapted and directed by Hayao Miyazaki, based on his 1982 manga of the same name. It was animated by Topcraft for Tokuma Shoten and Hakuhodo, and distributed by the Toei Company. Joe Hisaishi, in his first collaboration with Miyazaki, composed the film's score. The film stars the voices of Sumi Shimamoto, Goro Naya, Yoji Matsuda, Yoshiko Sakakibara and Iemasa Kayumi.[2]
Taking place in a future post-apocalyptic world, the film tells the story of Nausicaä (Shimamoto), the young princess of the Valley of the Wind. She becomes embroiled in a struggle with Tolmekia, a kingdom that tries to use an ancient weapon to eradicate a jungle of mutant giant insects.
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind was released in Japan on 11 March 1984. Though it was made before Studio Ghibli was founded, it is often considered a Ghibli work, and was released as part of the Studio Ghibli Collection DVD and Blu-ray range.[3] The film received critical acclaim, praising the story, themes, characters and animation. It is frequently ranked as one of the greatest animated films ever made.[4]
Contents
1 Plot
2 Voice cast
3 Production
4 Themes
5 Releases
5.1 Warriors of the Wind
5.1.1 Deleted scenes
5.2 2005 English re-release
5.3 Other language releases
6 Reception
7 Gliders
8 Soundtracks
9 Other media
9.1 Manga
9.2 Video games
9.3 Other
10 See also
11 Notes
12 References
13 Further reading
14 External links
Plot[edit]
One thousand years have passed since the Seven Days of Fire, an apocalyptic war that destroyed civilization and created the vast Toxic Jungle,[a] a poisonous forest swarming with giant mutant insects. In the kingdom of the Valley of the Wind, a prophecy predicts a saviour "clothed in blue robes, descending onto a golden field". Nausicaä, the princess of the Valley of the Wind, explores the jungle and communicates with its creatures, including the gigantic, trilobite-like armored Ohm.[b] She hopes to understand the jungle and find a way for it and humans to co-exist.
Late in the night, a massive cargo aircraft from the kingdom of Tolmekia crashes in the Valley despite Nausicaä's attempt to save it. Its sole survivor, Princess Lastelle of Pejite, pleads with Nausicaä to destroy the cargo and dies. The cargo is an embryo of a Giant Warrior, one of the lethal, gargantuan humanoid bioweapons that caused the Seven Days of Fire. Tolmekia, a military state, seized the embryo and Lastelle from Pejite, but their plane was attacked by insects and crashed. One of the insects emerges wounded from the wreckage and poises to attack, but Nausicaä uses a bullroarer to calm it and guides it away from the village.
Soon after, Tolmekian troops, led by Princess Kushana, invade the Valley, execute Nausicaä's father and capture the embryo. Enraged, Nausicaä kills several Tolmekian soldiers and is about to be overwhelmed when the Valley's swordsmaster, Lord Yupa, soothes the belligerents. Kushana plans to mature the Giant Warrior and use it to burn the Toxic Jungle. Yupa discovers a secret garden of jungle plants reared by Nausicaä; according to her findings, plants that grow in clean soil and water are not toxic, but the jungle's soil has been tainted by pollution.
Kushana leaves for the Tolmekian capital with Nausicaä and five hostages from the Valley, but a Pejite interceptor shoots down the Tolmekian airships carrying them. Nausicaä, Kushana and the hostages crash-land in the jungle, disturbing several Ohms, which Nausicaä soothes. She leaves to rescue the Pejite pilot Asbel, brother of Princess Lastelle, but both crash through a stratum of quicksand into a non-toxic area below the Toxic Jungle. Nausicaä realizes that the jungle plants purify the polluted topsoil, producing clean water and soil underground.
Nausicaä and Asbel return to Pejite but find it ravaged by insects. A band of survivors explains that they lured the insects to eradicate the Tolmekians, and are doing the same to the Valley. They capture Nausicaä to prevent her from warning the Valley, but with the help of Asbel, his mother, and a number of sympathizers, Nausicaä escapes on her glider. Flying home, she finds two Pejite soldiers baiting thousands of Ohms into the Valley using a wounded baby Ohm. The people of the Valley take shelter while the Tolmekians deploy tanks and the Giant Warrior, but tank-fire does not deter the Ohms, and the Giant Warrior, hatched prematurely, disintegrates.
Nausicaä liberates the baby Ohm and gains its trust. She and the Ohm stand before the herd but are run over. The Ohms calm down and use their golden tentacles to resuscitate her. Nausicaä, her dress drenched blue with Ohm blood, walks atop golden Ohm tentacles as through golden fields, fulfilling the savior prophecy. The Ohms and Tolmekians leave the Valley, and the Pejites remain with the Valley people, helping them rebuild. Deep underneath the Toxic Jungle, a non-toxic tree sprouts.
Voice cast[edit]
Character name
Japanese voice actor
English voice actor
Nausicaä Sumi Shimamoto Alison Lohman
Lord Yupa Goro Naya Patrick Stewart
Asbel Yōji Matsuda Shia LaBeouf
Kushana Yoshiko Sakakibara Uma Thurman
Kurotowa Iemasa Kayumi Chris Sarandon
Mito Ichirō Nagai Edward James Olmos
Obaba Hisako Kyōda Tress MacNeille
Niga Minoru Yada Mark Silverman
Muzu Mahito Tsujimura James Arnold Taylor
Gol Kōhei Miyauchi Frank Welker
Gikkuri Jōji Yanami Jeff Bennett
King Jihl Mahito Tsujimura Mark Silverman
Lastelle Miina Tominaga Emily Bauer
Mayor of Pejite Makoto Terada Mark Hamill
Lastelle's Mother Akiko Tsuboi Jodi Benson
Teto Rihoko Yoshida
Commando Tetsuo Mizutori N/A
Tolmekian Soldiers Shinji Nomura
Hōchū Ōtsuka John Schwab
Jeff Bennett
Dee Bradley Baker
Pejite Citizens Takeki Nakamura
Bin Shimada Richard Yearwood
Andrew Pifko
Dee Bradley Baker
Brian Palermo
Valley of the Wind Citizens Takeki Nakamura
Tetsuo Mizutori Jana Carpenter
Michael Ensign
Corey Johnson
David Kaye
Pejite Peasant Girl Takako Ōta Ashley Rose Orr
Children Chika Sakamoto
Tarako
Hisako Ayuhara
Masako Sugaya
Takako Sasuga
Rihoko Yoshida Paul Butcher
Ashley Edner
Molly Keck
Jordan Orr
Aimee Roldan
Grace Rolek
Ross Simanteris
Narrator N/A Tony Jay
Production[edit]
Hayao Miyazaki made his credited directorial debut in 1979 with The Castle of Cagliostro, a film which was a distinct departure from the antics of the Lupin III franchise, but still went on to receive the Ofuji Noburo Award at the 1979 Mainichi Film Concours.[5][6][c] Although Cagliostro was not a box office success, Toshio Suzuki, editor of the magazine Animage, was impressed by the film and encouraged Miyazaki to produce works for Animage's publisher, Tokuma Shoten.[7] Miyazaki's film ideas were rejected, and Tokuma asked him to do a manga: this led to the creation of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind.[5] Miyazaki began writing and drawing the manga in 1981, and it quickly became Animage's most popular feature.[7] Hideo Ogata and Yasuyoshi Tokuma, the founders of Animage and Tokuma Shoten respectively, encouraged Miyazaki to work on a film adaptation.[5] Miyazaki initially refused, but agreed on the condition that he could direct.[8]
In the early stages, Isao Takahata, credited as executive producer, reluctantly joined the project even before the animation studio was chosen.[9] An outside studio to produce the film was needed because Tokuma Shoten did not own an animation studio: Miyazaki and Takahata chose the minor studio Topcraft.[9] The production studio's work was known to both Miyazaki and Takahata and was chosen because its artistic talent could transpose the sophisticated atmosphere of the manga to the film.[5][9] On 31 May 1983, work began on the pre-production of the film.[9] Miyazaki encountered difficulties in creating the screenplay, with only sixteen chapters of the manga to work with.[9] Miyazaki would take elements of the story and refocus the narrative and characters to the Tolmekian invasion of Nausicaä's homeland.[9] Takahata would enlist the experimental and minimalist composer Joe Hisaishi to do the score for the film.[9]
In August, the animation work began on the film and was produced by animators hired for the one film and paid per frame.[9][10] One notable animator was Hideaki Anno, a founding member of Gainax who among later works wrote and directed Neon Genesis Evangelion. Anno was assigned to draw the challenging God Warrior's attack sequence, which according to Toshio Suzuki is a "high point in the film".[10] The film was released in March 1984, with a production schedule of only nine months and with a budget equivalent to $1 million.[9]
Themes[edit]
Miyazaki's work on Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind was inspired by a range of works including Ursula K. Le Guin's Earthsea, Brian Aldiss's Hothouse, Isaac Asimov's Nightfall, and J.R.R Tolkien's Lord of the Rings.[9] Dani Cavallaro also suggests inspiration from The Princess Who Loved Insects folktale, and the works of William Golding.[5] Nausicaä, the character, was inspired in name and personality, by Homer's Phaeacian princess in the Odyssey.[5] While a connection to Frank Herbert's Dune is often made there is no confirmation apart from the name "Ohmu" being a syllabic rendition of the English "worm".[9] Miyazaki's imagination was sparked by the mercury poisoning of Minamata Bay and how nature responded and thrived in a poisoned environment, using it to create the polluted world of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind.[5] Ian DeWeese-Boyd agrees, "Her commitment to love and understanding—even to the point of death—transforms the very nature of the conflict around her and begins to dispel the distorting visions that have brought it about."[11]
The most prominent themes are the anti-war and environmental focus of the film. Nausicaä, the heroine, believes in the value of life regardless of its form and through her actions stops a war. Loy and Goodhew state there is no evil portrayed in the film, but the Buddhist roots of evil: greed, ill will and delusion. Fear is what drives the conflicts, the fear of the poisoned forest results in the greed and resentment. Nausicaä, in addition to being a transformative force, leads people to understand and respect nature which is portrayed as welcoming, spiritual, and restorative for those who enter it peacefully.[12]
The film was released, in 1984, with a recommendation from the World Wide Fund for Nature (WWF).[13] On 30 July 1995, a subtitled version of the film was screened at the Institute of Contemporary Arts, in London, as part of the "Building Bridges" film festival, marking the fiftieth anniversary of the Atomic bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki.[9] In her 25 March 2013 presentation at Colorado College, on "Tapestries of Apocalypse: From Angers to 'Nausicaa' and Beyond", Dr. Susan J. Napier places the film and in particular the tapestry, depicted underneath the opening credits, within the tradition of artistic representation of apocalypses and apocalyptic visions. She explores the role such expressions play in understanding apocalyptic events and post-event recovery.[14]
Releases[edit]
The film was released by Toei Company on 11 March 1984.[10] In Japan, the film grossed about ¥1.48 billion at the box office, selling 914,767 tickets, and making an additional ¥742 million in distribution income.[15]
Home releases include the original April 1984 Laserdisc release and as part of Juburi ga Ippai Sutajio Jiburi LD Zenshuu (Ghibli Complete Collection: Studio Ghibli Complete LD Collection) from August 1996, the original March 1984 VHS version by Animage and re-release by Buena Vista on 19 September 1997. Three DVD sets were released in Japan with a regular DVD and figure set released on 19 November 2003 and a collectors set following on 7 December 2003.[16]
Warriors of the Wind[edit]
Box art for Warriors of the Wind
New World Pictures produced a 95-minute English-dubbed adaptation of the film, titled Warriors of the Wind, and it was released theatrically in the United States on June 13, 1985, with the VHS video release in December 1985.[9] In the late 1980s, Vestron Video would release the film and First Independent Video would re-release it in 1993 with another minute cut from the film. The voice actors and actresses were not informed of the film's plotline and the film was heavily edited to market it as a children's action-adventure film.[17] Consequently, part of the film's narrative meaning was lost: some of the environmentalist themes were diluted as was the main subplot of the Ohmu, altered to turn them into aggressive enemies. Most of the characters' names were changed, including the titular character who became Princess Zandra.[17] The United States cover for the VHS release featured a cadre of male characters who are not in the film, riding the resurrected God Warrior—including a still-living Warrior shown briefly in a flashback.[18] Approximately 22 minutes of scenes were cut for the film's North American release.[19]
Dissatisfied with Warriors of the Wind, Miyazaki adopted a strict "no-edits" clause for further foreign releases of Studio Ghibli's films.[17] On hearing Miramax co-chairman Harvey Weinstein would attempt to edit Princess Mononoke to make it more marketable, Toshio Suzuki sent an authentic katana with a simple message: "No cuts".[20] Warriors of the Wind also prompted Miyazaki to allow translator Toren Smith of Studio Proteus to create an official, faithful translation of the Nausicaä manga for Viz Media.[21]
Deleted scenes[edit]
In addition to the opening and ending credits sequences, the following scenes were originally removed for Warriors of the Wind, but were restored after Disney's North American DVD re-release.[22]
Nausicaä enters the Toxic Jungle. Once there, she discovers a shell belonging to a dead Ohm. While looking at one of the Ohm's eyelids, she is surrounded by spores.
After returning to the Valley of the Wind, Yupa is asked to become the godfather of a newborn girl.
When a villager finds poisonous spores in one of the Valley's fields, another villager destroys it.
Yupa discusses with Mito about preventing the revival of the Giant Warrior. He eventually discovers Nausicaä's secret garden. While there, Nausicaä reveals that she stopped the water supply.
As Nausicaä departs with the Tolmekians, the Valley children give Nausicaä chico nuts as a farewell gift.
While sleeping, Nausicaä remembers an episode from her childhood in which she attempted to protect a baby Ohm from the Valley's leaders.
The sequence with Nausicaä and Asbel visiting the Toxic Jungle's non-toxic underground has been extended.
The Valley citizens destroy their contaminated trees.
After getting captured by the Pejites, Nausicaä argues with the Pejite Mayor about their plans for the Giant Warrior.
Asbel leads Nausicaä through the women's area of the transport brig.
While Kushana and Kurotawa wait for Pejite's assault, they release Gol and the other Valley hostages. Obaba discovers that the wind has ceased blowing.
2005 English re-release[edit]
On 18 October 2003, Cindy and Donald Hewitt, the scriptwriters of Walt Disney Pictures' English dubs of Spirited Away and Porco Rosso, announced that an unedited and redubbed version of Nausicaä was in pre-production, and that Patrick Stewart and Uma Thurman had been cast. Natalie Portman was originally intended to voice Nausicaä, but Alison Lohman was eventually assigned the role.[23][24]
Nausicaä was released on DVD by Buena Vista Home Entertainment on 22 February 2005 for Region 1. This DVD includes both the English dub and the Japanese audio track with English subtitles.[24] Optimum Home Entertainment released the film in Region 2 and the Region 4 DVD is distributed by Madman Entertainment. A remastered Blu-ray sourced from a 6K filmscan was released on 14 July 2010 in Japan. It includes an uncompressed Japanese LPCM stereo track, an English dub and English subtitles. On 18 October 2010 a Blu-ray version was released in Region B by Optimum Home Entertainment.[25] The film was released on Blu-ray in the United States and Canada on 8 March 2011 by Walt Disney Studios Home Entertainment.[26][27] GKIDS re-issued the film on Blu-ray and DVD on 31 October 2017, along with Castle in the Sky.[28]
Other language releases[edit]
Spain first released two versions of the cut film, both called Guerreros del Viento ("Warriors of the Wind") with the first in 1987 and again 1991, and then a version of the original uncut film under the Nausicaä del Valle del Viento title in 2010.[16] France has had both versions of the movie appear with two cut versions named La Princesse des Etoiles ("The Princess of the Stars") and Le vaisseau fantôme ("The Ghost Ship"): the uncut film had a regular and collector's DVD set released on 18 April 2007.[16] In Germany UFA released the 86 minute long cut version on VHS as Sternenkrieger (literally "Star Warriors") in 1986 and Universum Anime released the uncut DVD release on 5 September 2005.[16][19] The 2007 Hungarian release, titled Nauszika - A szél harcosai ("Nausicaä - The Warriors of the Wind") is uncut despite the title's reference.[16] The Korean DVD release of the uncut film was on 3 March 2004. China has had three releases of Nausicaä: the first on Video CD and two DVD releases.[16] The italian version was titled Nausicaä della Valle del Vento, on air on 1986.
Reception[edit]
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind received critical acclaim from film critics. The film is frequently ranked among the best animated films in Japan,[4][29] and is seen by critics as a seminal influence on the development of anime, as the film's success led to the foundation of Studio Ghibli and several other anime studios. Theron Martin of Anime News Network praised the film for its character designs, as well as Hayao Miyazaki's direction and Joe Hisaishi's score. He also said that the film "deserves a place on any short list of all-time classic anime movies."[30] Common Sense Media, which serves to inform parents about media for children, rated the film positively and cited its good role models and positive messages, but also cautioned parents about its dramatic setting and violent scenes.[31] As of August 2015, review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes reports that 87% of critics gave the film positive reviews, based on 15 reviews with an average rating of 8/10.[32] Helen McCarthy in 500 Essential Anime Movies praised the animation techniques of Miyazaki, stating that "the real strength of this film is the script, packed with incident, excitement and passion, and the soundtrack" of Joe Hisaishi.[33]
Final Fantasy creator Hironobu Sakaguchi has cited the manga and film as an influence on his series. As such, the horseclaws in the film were used as an inspiration for the Chocobos in the games.[34] Numerous games have used Ohmu-like creatures, assumed to be reference to the film including Metal Slug 3 Cyber Core and Viewpoint.[35] The game Crystalis, known in Japan as God Slayer: Haruka Tenkū no Sonata (ゴッド・スレイヤー はるか天空のソナタ), shares common elements with the film, including an insect that resembles an Ohmu.[36]
Disney's English dub was well received by audiences and critics, especially in comparison to Warriors of the Wind, with the leading voice actors frequently being praised for their performances. However, in conducting a comparative analysis of the Japanese-language anime with their English translations, Eriko Ogihara-Schuck believes that although Disney's dub eschewed the dualistic, good versus evil worldview of Warriors of the Wind, it also “Christianiz[ed] Miyazaki's animism”. According to her, the translators of the film were working a language suffused with Judeo-Christian idioms not found in Japanese, which they introduce to the text, such as the nature of humanity's relationship with the environment and animals as seen in Judeo-Christian narratives and cultural practices. Examples of these changes include when Nausicaä describes an insect as a "good boy", a term often used in describing domesticated animals (instead of a "good child", as in the Japanese version), and when Nausicaä converses with the wounded baby Ohm - in Japanese, she does not consider forgiveness from the baby a possibility, while the English version has her asking for it, albeit admitting the difficulty for the Ohm to do so. As a result of these changes, Nausicaä's death and subsequent resurrection by the Ohm herd present her as a Christ figure whose self-sacrifices are for humanity, rather than for nature. Ogihara-Schuck believes that Disney erased animistic motifs almost entirely from the film, even more so than Warriors of the Wind, in order to make it more accessible for American audiences due the film's non-specific setting, since animism was retained in their versions of My Neighbour Totoro, Princess Mononoke, Spirited Away and Ponyo, as well as their own production Pocahontas.[37][38] Manga author Katsura Hoshino regarded it as her favorite anime film to the point of having it watched multiple times when she was young.[39]
Gliders[edit]
Various gliders are seen in the film and the protagonist, Nausicaä, uses a jet-assisted one-person glider-shaped machine with folding wings. According to the accompanying film book released in Japan, the glider is called Möwe (メーヴェ, Mēve, or "mehve" in the English manga), the German word meaning gull.[40] An official scale model lists it as having an approximate wingspan of 5.8 meters (1/20 model measured to be 29 cm), while the design notes indicate it has a mass of only 12 kg.[40][41] In 2004, the Japanese-led OpenSky Aircraft Project began attempts to build a real-life, working personal jet glider based on the glider from the film. Two full-size gliders with no power source carrying the code name M01 and M02, with a half-sized jet-powered remote controlled mock up called moewe 1/2 was built.[42][43] The designer and tester of the project refused the official endorsement of the project by Studio Ghibli and Hayao Miyazaki, noting that he did not want to cause trouble for them if an accident occurred.[44] A jet powered version (registration number JX0122) was finally able to take off under its own power for the first time on 3 September 2013.[45]
Soundtracks[edit]
The film's score was composed by Joe Hisaishi, while the vocal theme song "Kaze no Tani no Naushika" was produced by Haruomi Hosono (Yellow Magic Orchestra and Happy End member) and sung by Narumi Yasuda.[46] Numerous soundtracks and albums relating to the film have been released.[47]
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Image Album <Bird Person> (風の谷のナウシカ イメージアルバム 鳥の人) released 25 November 1983
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Symphony <The Legend of Wind> (風の谷のナウシカ シンフォニー 風の伝説) released 25 February 1984
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Soundtrack <Toward the Far Away Land> (風の谷のナウシカ サウンドトラック はるかな地へ) released 25 March 1984
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Drama Version <God of Wind> (風の谷のナウシカ・ドラマ編) released 25 April 1984
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Best Collection (風の谷のナウシカ BEST) released 25 November 1986
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Hi-tech Series (風の谷のナウシカ・ハイテックシリーズ) released 25 October 1989
Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind: Piano Solo Album <For the Easy Use with Beyer> released 15 March 1992
Other media[edit]
Manga[edit]
Main article: Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (manga)
Miyazaki's manga version of Nausicaä was written over a period of 12 years, with breaks taken to work on Studio Ghibli films. Serialized in Tokuma Shoten's Animage magazine, the first chapter was published in February 1982 and the last chapter in March 1994. Miyazaki adapted and altered the work for the film because only sixteen chapters of the manga were written at the time of the film's production.[48] The manga would continue to be produced until the seventh and final book was released on 15 January 1995.[49][50] The English localization was initially done by Toren Smith and Dana Lewis of Studio Proteus.[51] After Miyazaki resumed production of the manga, Viz Media chose a new team and continued to release the rest of manga.[51]
Video games[edit]
Three video games were released based on the manga and the film. All three of the titles were developed by Technopolis Soft and published by Technopolis Soft and Tokuma Shoten.[35][52] Nausicaä in the Nick of Time also known as Nausicaä's Close Call (Naushika Kiki Ippatsu or Nausicaä Kiki Ippatsu) is a Japanese shoot 'em up video game developed and published by Technopolis Soft for the NEC PC-6001 computer system in 1984.[35][52][53] The game marketed as Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind and known by its title screen as Kaze no Tani no Nausicaä (風の谷のナウシカ, Nausicaä Adventure Game), is an adventure game developed by Technopolis Soft for the NEC PC-8801: it was released in the 1980s, most likely 1984.[35][54] The third game, Wasure ji no Nausicaä Game (忘れじのナウシカ・ゲーム, Nausicaä's Forgotten Game) for the MSX is the most well-known of the releases and has been frequently and erroneously referred to as a game where the player kills the Ohmu.[35] These games signaled the end of video game adaptations for Hayao Miyzaki's films. The only other games based on Miyazaki films were the LaserDisc arcade game Cliff Hanger and the MSX2 platform-adventure game Lupin III: The Castle of Cagliostro, both of which were based on The Castle of Cagliostro.[55] Luke Plunkett describes these "two awful adaptations" as the reason Miyazaki does not allow further video game adaptations of his films.[55]
Other[edit]
An art book titled, The Art of Nausicaä (ジ・アート・オブ　風の谷のナウシカ, Ji āto Obu kaze no tani no naushika) was released by Tokuma Shoten on 20 June 1984. It contains artwork during the early stages of production of the film and commentary of assistant director Kazuyoshi Katayama.[56] Kaze no tani no Naushika Miyazaki Hayao Suisaiga-shū (風の谷のナウシカ　宮崎駿水彩画集, literally "Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Hayao Mizayaki Watercolor Art book") was released by Tokuma Shoten on 5 September 1995. The art book contains artwork of the manga in watercolor, examples of storyboards for the film, autographed pictures by Hayao Miyazaki and interviews on the birth of Nausicaä.[49] The book has been translated in English and French.[50][57] Two bunkobon volumes containing the story boards were released, on 31 March 1984.[58][59] In 2001, the Nausicaä storyboards were re-released, bundled into a single, larger, volume as part 1 of the Studio Ghibli Story boards collection.[60] A selection of layout designs for the film was also incorporated in the Studio Ghibli Layout Designs exhibition tour, which started in the Museum of Contemporary Art Tokyo (28 July 2008 to 28 September 2008) and subsequently travelled to different museums around Japan and Asia, concluding in the Fukuoka Asian Art Museum (12 October 2013 to 26 January 2014). The exhibition catalogues contain annotated reproductions of the displayed artwork.[61][62] Tokuma Shoten released a film comic, in four volumes, one each week from 20 November 1990 to 20 December 1990.[63][64] A two-volume children's version was released on 31 March 1998.[65][66]
See also[edit]
Anime and Manga portal
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Toxic Jungle in both of the film's English-dubbed versions, Sea of Decay in the film's English-subtitled version
Jump up ^ Pronunciation: /oʊm/. The Japanese name, Ō mu(shi) (王蟲), consists of the kanji for king and insect or bug. Transliterated as Ohmu in manga translations and as Ohm in the film's subtitles.
Jump up ^ Previously, Miyazaki had co-directed episodes of Lupin The Third Part I with Takahata and was director of two episodes of Lupin III Part II under the pseudonym Teruki Tsutomu.[5]
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ "Kaze No Tani No Naushika". www.bcdb.com, 13 May 2012
Jump up ^ "Ghibli 101 FAQ // Studio Ghibli //". Nausicaa.net. Archived from the original on 4 June 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Best Anime Ranking". Archived from the original on 22 July 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Cavallaro, Dani (2006). The Anime Art of Hayao Miyazaki. McFarland. pp. 47–57, 194.
Jump up ^ "日映画コンクール Mainichi Film Awards". Animations CC. Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 16 July 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (The Birth of Studio Ghibli) (DVD). Madman Entertainment. 13 April 2005.
Jump up ^ "Anime and Academia: Interview with Marc Hairston on pedagogy and Nausicaa". Utdallas.edu. Archived from the original on 22 December 2008. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m McCarthy, Helen (1999). Hayao Miyazaki Master of Japanese Animation. Stone Bridge Press. pp. 72–92. ISBN 1880656418.
^ Jump up to: a b c Studio Ghibli, The Birth of Studio Ghibli video, c. 2003 (included on UK Nausicaä DVD)
Jump up ^ DeWeese-Boyd, Ian (9 April 2013). "Shojo Savior: Princess Nausicaä, Ecological Pacifism, and The Green Gospel". University of Toronto Press. p. 1. Archived from the original on 30 August 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Loy, David & Goodhew, Linda (February 2004). "The Dharma of Miyazaki Hayao: Revenge vs. Compassion in Nausicaa and Mononoke" (PDF). 文教大学国際学部紀要 Bunkyo University Faculty of International. 14 (2): 67–75. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "ナウシカの道連載 最終回 宮崎駿" [The Road to Hayao Miyazaki's Nausicaä, final episode]. Animage. Tokyo: Tokuma Shoten (70): 180–181. 10 March 1984. Archived from the original on 2 December 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "The First Mondays Events Series: "Tapestries of Apocalypse: From Angers to 'Nausicaa' and Beyond"" by Dr. Susan J. Napier, 25 March 2013, Colorado College, Armstrong Hall, 14 E. Cache La Poudre St., Colorado Springs, Co.
Jump up ^ 叶精二 (Kano Seiji) (2006). 宮崎駿全書 (Miyazaki Hayao complete book). フィルムアート社 (Film Art, Inc.). pp. 65, 66. ISBN 4-84590687-2.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Video List: Kaze no Tani no Naushika". Nausicaa.net. Archived from the original on 18 October 2012. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "FAQ". Nausicaa.net. Archived from the original on 9 May 2008. Retrieved 30 June 2008.
Jump up ^ Warriors of the Wind [VHS] (1985). New World Pictures.
^ Jump up to: a b "Schnittbericht - Warriors Of The Wind". Archived from the original on 21 September 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Brooks, Xan (14 September 2005). "A god among animators". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 29 August 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2007. There is a rumour that when Harvey Weinstein was charged with handling the US release of Princess Mononoke, Miyazaki sent him a samurai sword in the post. Attached to the blade was a stark message: 'No cuts.' / The director chortles. 'Actually, my producer did that.'
Jump up ^ Smith, Toren (1 January 1995). 英語圏にも広がる新しい宮崎世代 [The New Miyazaki Generation Spreading Even into English Speaking Countries.]. Comic Box (in Japanese). Fusion Products (98): 44–47. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 19 November 2013.
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Jump up ^ "English Nausicaä dub in the works". Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 23 May 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (movie)". Crystalacids. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 11 May 2016.
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Jump up ^ "Nausicaa of the Valley 2-Disc BD Combo Pack BD+DVD Blu-ray: Amazon.ca: Hayao Miyazaki: DVD". Amazon.com. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
Jump up ^ Carolyn Giardina (July 17, 2017). "Gkids, Studio Ghibli Ink Home Entertainment Deal". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved July 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Osmond, Andrew (Spring 1998). "Nausicaä & the fantasy of Hayao Miyazaki". SF journal Foundation. Nausicaä.net (72): 57–81. Archived from the original on 18 September 2012. Retrieved 29 November 2012.
Jump up ^ Martin, Theron (16 March 2005). "Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind – DVD" (review). Anime News Network. Archived from the original on 28 August 2012. Retrieved 14 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind" (movie review). 3 December 2011. Archived from the original on 15 July 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
Jump up ^ "Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind Movie Reviews". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Archived from the original on 21 August 2015. Retrieved 5 August 2015.
Jump up ^ McCarthy, Helen (2009), 500 Essential Anime Movies: The Ultimate Guide, Harper Design, p. 24, ISBN 978-0-06147450-7 , 528 pp.
Jump up ^ Rogers, Tim (27 March 2006). "In Defense of Final Fantasy XII". Edge. p. 2. Archived from the original on 7 February 2012. Retrieved 26 January 2014. Okay, so the Chocobos – big, yellow riding birds – were actually stolen from Hayao Miyazaki's movie Nausicaa and the Valley of the Wind, and Hironobu Sakaguchi freely admitted that way back when.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Szczepaniak, John (August 2012). "Hardcore Gaming 101 Nausicaa of the Valley of the Wind". Hardcore Gaming 101. Archived from the original on 12 September 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Greene, Robert. "Crystalis". Hardcore Gaming 101. Archived from the original on 11 January 2010. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
Jump up ^ Ogihara-Schuck, Eriko (23 December 2010). "The Christianizing of Animism in Manga and Anime: American Translations of Hayao Miyazaki's Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind". In Lewis, A. David; Hoff Kraemer, Christine. Graven Images: Religion in Comic Books and Graphic Novels. London: Bloomsbury. pp. 133–146. ISBN 9780826430267. Archived from the original on 2 March 2014. Retrieved 24 February 2014.
Jump up ^ Ogihara-Schuck, Eriko (16 October 2014). "The Christianizing of Animism in Manga and Anime: American Translations of Hayao Miyazaki's Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind". Miyazaki's Animism Abroad: The Reception of Japanese Religious Themes by American and German Audiences. Jefferson, NC: McFarland Books. pp. 133–146. ISBN 978-0-7864-7262-8. Retrieved 12 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "Mangaka Interview 01" (in Japanese). Shueisha. Archived from the original on 15 March 2010. Retrieved 14 April 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Official film book, ロマンアルバム 「風の谷のナウシカ」
Jump up ^ Möwe with Nausicaä 1/20 scale model Archived 11 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine., Studio Ghibli Plamodel Collection, Bandai, release date June 2004, Modeler: (Two Horsepower (二馬力, nibariki), Copyright:Nibariki (ja) co., Ltd/Studio Ghibli)
Jump up ^ "Opensky Project". Petworks.co.jp. Archived from the original on 13 March 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Jet engine remote controlled moewe 1/2". Kabosu100.net. Archived from the original on 13 August 2003. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
Jump up ^ 「万一の時にジブリや宮崎駿氏に迷惑をかけたくない」, Opensky Project Archived 13 March 2011 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "朝日新聞デジタル：ナウシカの飛行機、飛んだ ネット上で動画人気 - 社会" [Asahi Shimbun Digital : Nausicaä airplane flight video popular on the net - social]. Asahi Shimbun. 3 September 2013. Archived from the original on 3 September 2013. Retrieved 12 May 2014.
Jump up ^ "Kaze no Tani no Naushika (Nausicaä of the Valley of Wind): Credits, Figures & Other Information". Nausicaa.net. Archived from the original on 24 June 2011. Retrieved 23 June 2011.
Jump up ^ Nausicaä.net. Kaze no Tani no Naushika Archived 8 July 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Scott. "Chapter guide". Nausicaa.net. Archived from the original on 8 December 2008. Retrieved 30 December 2008.
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^ Jump up to: a b Miyazaki, Hayao. The Art of Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Watercolor Impressions by Hayao Miyazaki. Archived from the original on 13 December 2013. Retrieved 8 December 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "The New MIYAZAKI Generation". Comix Box. Archived from the original on 17 March 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Multimedia Goods List //". Nausicaa.net. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Anime Video Games Reviews: Nausicaa Tecnopolis Soft MSX". Anime-games.co.uk. Archived from the original on 1 January 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
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^ Jump up to: a b Plunkett, Luke (25 November 2011). "Ni No Kuni Isn't Miyazaki/Ghibli's First Video Game Appearance". Kotaku. Archived from the original on 7 October 2013. Retrieved 30 August 2013.
Jump up ^ ジ・アート・オブ　風の谷のナウシカ (in Japanese). Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2012. Another art book titled,
Jump up ^ Miyazaki, Hayao (9 November 2006). Nausicaä de la vallée du vent : Recueil d'aquarelles par Hayao Miyazaki (in French). Glénat. p. 105. ISBN 2-7234-5180-1. Archived from the original on 24 April 2016.
Jump up ^ 風の谷のナウシカ　絵コンテ[1] (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. ISBN 4-19-669522-1. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 26 November 2012.
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Jump up ^ スタジオジブリ絵コンテ全集1 (単行本) (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. ISBN 9784198613761. Archived from the original on 2 January 2014. Retrieved 22 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "スタジオジブリ・レイアウト展 : 高畑・宮崎アニメの秘密がわかる" [Studio Ghibli Layout Designs:Understanding the Secrets of Takahata/Miyazaki Animation]. Nippon Television Corporation. Yomiuri Shimbun publishing. Archived from the original on 28 December 2013. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "スタジオジブリ・レイアウト展 : 高畑・宮崎アニメの秘密がわかる" [Studio Ghibli Layout Designs:Understanding the Secrets of Takahata/Miyazaki Animation]. National Diet Library. Retrieved 27 December 2013.
Jump up ^ 風の谷のナウシカ1 (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. ISBN 4-19-770101-2. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
Jump up ^ 風の谷のナウシカ4 (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. ISBN 4-19-770120-9. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 27 November 2012.
Jump up ^ アニメ絵本 風の谷のナウシカ 上巻 (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. ISBN 4-19-703624-8. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
Jump up ^ アニメ絵本 風の谷のナウシカ 下巻 (in Japanese). Tokuma Shoten. ISBN 4-19-703625-6. Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2012.
Further reading[edit]
Napier, Susan J. (1998). "Vampires, Psychic Girls, Flying Women and Sailor Scouts". In Martinez, Dolores P. The Worlds of Japanese Popular Culture: Gender, Shifting Boundaries and Global Culture. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 0-521-63128-9.
Hairston, Marc (2010) "Miyazaki's Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind: Manga into Anime and Its Reception" in Johnson-Woods, Toni (e.d.) Manga: An Anthology of Global and Cultural Perspectives Continuum International Publishing Group ISBN 978-0-8264-2938-4
Napier, Susan J. (2005) Anime: From Akira to Howl's Moving Castle Palgrave Macmillan ISBN 1-4039-7052-1
Ruh, Brian (2010). "Transforming U.S. Anime in the 1980s: Localization and Longevity". In Lunning, Frenchy. Mechademia 5: Fanthropologies. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press. pp. 31–49. ISBN 978-0-8166-7387-2.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind
Official website
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind at The Big Cartoon DataBase
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind on IMDb
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind at AllMovie
Nausicaä of the Valley of the Wind (anime) at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
Info and review of Warriors of the Wind with audio clips, archived from the original on 24 December 2008, retrieved 8 December 2013
Review of Warriors of the Wind
"風の谷のナウシカ (Kaze no tani no Naushika)" (in Japanese). Japanese Movie Database. Retrieved 19 July 2007.
Entry in the Encyclopedia of Science Fiction
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The Castle of Cagliostro (1979)
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