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Category:Cretaceous dinosaurs
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Dinosaurs of the Cretaceous Period, existing/appearing during the latter Mesozoic Era
See also the preceding Category:Jurassic dinosaurs and the succeeding Category:Paleogene dinosaurs
Contents
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A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
Subcategories
This category has the following 9 subcategories, out of 9 total.
► Cretaceous dinosaurs of Africa (2 C, 3 P)
► Cretaceous dinosaurs of Asia (2 C, 11 P)
► Cretaceous dinosaurs of Australia (1 C)
► Cretaceous dinosaurs of Europe (2 C)
► Cretaceous dinosaurs of North America (3 C, 1 P)
► Cretaceous dinosaurs of South America (2 C, 1 P)
B
► Cretaceous birds (11 C, 8 P)
E
► Early Cretaceous dinosaurs (7 C, 2 P)
L
► Late Cretaceous dinosaurs (6 C, 35 P)
Pages in category "Cretaceous dinosaurs"
The following 29 pages are in this category, out of 29 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
A
Albertosaurinae
Ankylosaurinae
Avisaurus
B
Bonapartesaurus
Borealopelta
C
Ceratosauria
Coelurosauria
D
Diluvicursor
H
Hadrosauromorpha
J
Jeholosauridae
K
Kritosaurini
L
Latenivenatrix
Laurasiformes
Leptoceratopsidae
Lithostrotia
User:Lusotitan/sandbox
O
Orodrominae
R
Rebbachisaurinae
Rhabdodontidae
S
Saltasaurinae
Saurolophinae
Shingopana
Spiclypeus
Stenonychosaurus
Struthiosaurinae
T
Thescelosaurinae
Thyreophora
Torosaurus
Turiasauria
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Cretaceous_dinosaurs&oldid=821046853"
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Cretaceous animals
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text:
The Recombination Hypothesis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"The Recombination Hypothesis"
The Big Bang Theory episode
Episode no.
Season 5
Episode 13
Directed by
Mark Cendrowski
Story by
Chuck Lorre
Teleplay by
Bill Prady
Steven Molaro
Production code
3X6863
Original air date
January 19, 2012 (2012-01-19)
Running time
22 minutes
Guest appearance(s)
Jim Turner as Reverend White
Episode chronology
← Previous
"The Shiny Trinket Maneuver" Next →
"The Beta Test Initiation"
The Big Bang Theory (season 5)
List of The Big Bang Theory episodes
"The Recombination Hypothesis" is the 100th episode of the American sitcom The Big Bang Theory and the 13th episode of the series' fifth season.[1] It premiered on CBS in the United States on January 19, 2012.[2] In this episode, Leonard impulsively asks Penny out for dinner on a date.
The story and concept of the episode was written by series co-creator Chuck Lorre.[3] The teleplay was written by co-creator Bill Prady and writer Steven Molaro.[3] "The Recombination Hypothesis" was directed by Mark Cendrowski.[4] The episode received good reviews from television critics who spoke positive about Leonard and Penny trying to rework their relationship. Upon airing, "The Recombination Hypothesis" garnered 15.71 million viewers in the United States and 5.3 rating in the 18–49 demographic, according to Nielsen ratings.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Production
3 Reception
3.1 Ratings
3.2 Critical reception
4 References
5 External links
Plot[edit]
The episode begins with Sheldon receiving a cardboard cut-out of Spock he ordered, however is dismayed to find it is not the Spock played by Leonard Nimoy but rather Zachary Quinto. While Sheldon complains, Leonard sees Penny and they exchange smiles. Leonard walks over asking her if she has any plans for dinner. Penny looks surprised about being asked out on a date and accepts.
Penny is trying on clothes with Amy and Bernadette. Penny acts nervous and Bernadette tells her that everything will work out great since Leonard is crazy about her.
Whilst playing Settlers of Catan, Sheldon keeps asking for "wood" to build a road causing Howard and Raj to laugh at him not realizing the sexual innuendo. The gang asks Leonard why he is putting himself through another relationship with Penny.
During dinner Leonard asks Penny whether there is a name for a first-date with someone you used to date and Penny replies "awkward." They decide to make-believe like they are on a real first date. Leonard tells Penny about his work and that he built a Bat-Signal. Penny laughs and asks him if he is some kind of nerd. Leonard says that he is the "King of the Nerds". If anyone displeases him, he will not help them set-up their printer. Leonard then asks Penny whether they are going to get back together. Shocked Penny confesses that she will always have feelings for him and that he always over thinks everything.
Back at the apartment, Leonard charges in as his buddies tease him about his date ending at 8:30. Later Leonard is asleep and awakened by a text from Penny who meets him in the hallway, kisses him, takes him into her apartment and tells him to be quiet. Leonard wonders how a bad date ended in sex. Penny thought that things were great until he asked if they were getting back together. Leonard suggests that they treat their relationship like a new version of software, a "Penny and Leonard 2.0". They could try being together and not tell their friends until they know it is working.
At The Cheesecake Factory, Bernadette is disappointed that things did not work out. Leonard sits down and starts a fight with Penny. Penny counters that he has to always be right. Sheldon thinks that Leonard is wrong more than anyone he knows.
Leonard gets another early morning text. She demands to know why he was a jerk at work. They had agreed to be friends, not fight. Leonard heads toward her apartment because their new relationship was about sex after fighting. Later, Leonard asks Penny what exactly they are doing since every relationship scenario he plays out ends badly. Then Leonard hears Sheldon calling him.
It turns out that Leonard was imagining everything, and he is still with Sheldon complaining about the Spock cardboard cut-out. Leonard decides that, despite the fact it seems that the relationship will once again end badly, he still wishes to ask Penny out. Penny asks whether he has thought things through. Leonard replies that he has and still thinks they should go ahead with it. Penny therefore agrees and then smiles.
In Penny's bedroom, she is again choosing an outfit for her date. Daydreaming she sees herself in a wedding dress and heavily pregnant. Penny rubs her belly and tells Leonard that it is too late to start saying no now. Penny wakes up, apologizes and the dream reminds her to go to the drugstore.
Production[edit]
"The Recombination Hypothesis" is first episode of a two episode arc featuring Leonard and Penny attempting to restart their relationship that has been one of the major plot lines and driving forces of the series. The arc concludes with the next episode "The Beta Test Initiation" where Penny and Leonard return from their date. The first scene is a salute to the original pilot where Leonard and Sheldon climb the stairs wearing similar outfits and they spot Penny through her apartment door wearing the same shirt from the pilot.[6] Sheldon is disappointed to discover that a Mr. Spock cardboard stand-up he ordered is a portrayal of Zachary Quinto's Spock not Leonard Nimoy's Spock. According to Bill Prady, the co-creator of The Big Bang Theory, approval from Paramount, J.J. Abrams (producer of the new Star Trek series) and Zachary Quinto was required in order to mock Spock.[6] Also, this is the first time that an entire episode is a "dream-sequence", a unique style of storytelling,[6] and is the second Chuck Lorre show to achieve the "dream-sequence" story, after Two and a Half Men in the episode "Frodo's Headshots".
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
"The Recombination Hypothesis" was originally broadcast on January 19, 2012 in the United States between 8:00 p.m. and 8:30 p.m. Upon airing, "The Recombination Hypothesis" garnered 15.71 million viewers with the best ever ratings in the adults 25-54, adults 18-49 and adults 18-34 categories.[5]
Critical reception[edit]
"The Recombination Hypothesis'" received positive reviews from television commentators. R.L Shaffer of IGN gave the episode a "really good" review. The reviewer says the episode "knocked it out of the park" even though it started like "another attempt to tease the anxiety of the Penny/Leonard relationship" the final twist did show some growth in Leonard’s character that he must not over-think their relationship.[7] Carla Day of TV Fanatic gave a positive review. Day noted that revisiting Leonard and Penny on the 100th episode was the best way to honor the history of the series. Though she was happy to see "Peonard or Lenny" back together, she felt that the other guys had the best lines with the "wood" jokes. Overall she found the show "brought us back to the origins of the comedy and what made us fall in love with these nerds and their gorgeous neighbor." The Editor Rating was 4.7 out of 5.0.[8]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "'The Big Bang Theory' 100th Episode: Penny And Leonard 2.0 Software Defined". January 20, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Big Bang Theory Episode: "The Recombination Hypothesis"". TV Guide. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b ""The Big Bang Theory" The Recombination Hypothesis (2012)". IMDb. August 27, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Big Bang Theory - The Recombination Hypothesis". CBS Interactive. August 27, 2012. Retrieved August 27, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b ""The Big Bang Theory" Tops "American Idol" in Adults 18-49 and Adults 25-54 in Common Half-Hour". The Futon Critic. January 20, 2012. Retrieved September 7, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Recombination Hypothesis (2012) Did You Know?". IMDb. July 7, 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Big Bang Theory: "The Recombination Hypothesis" Review". IGN. January 20, 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Big Bang Theory Review: Penny and Leonard 2.0". January 2, 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2012.
External links[edit]
"The Recombination Hypothesis" on IMDb
"The Recombination Hypothesis" at TV.com
[hide]
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The Big Bang Theory
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text:
The Kissing Booth
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Kissing Booth
Film release poster
Directed by
Vince Marcello
Produced by
Ed Glauser
Andrew Cole-Bulgin
Vince Marcello
Michele Weisler
Screenplay by
Vince Marcello
Based on
The Kissing Booth
by Beth Reekles
Starring
Joey King
Jacob Elordi
Joel Courtney
Molly Ringwald
Music by
Patrick Kirst
Edited by
Paul Millspaugh
Production
company
Komixx Entertainment
Netflix
Distributed by
Netflix
Release date
May 11, 2018 (2018-05-11)
Running time
110 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
The Kissing Booth is a 2018 American romantic comedy film directed by Vince Marcello, based on the novel of the same name by Beth Reekles. It stars Molly Ringwald, Joey King, Jacob Elordi and Joel Courtney. The film was released on May 11, 2018 on Netflix.
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Release
5 Reception
6 The Kissing Booth on Wattpad
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Born on the same day and time in the same hospital, Elle Evans (Joey King) and Lee Flynn (Joel Courtney) have been best friends all their lives. To protect their special relationship, the pair created a set of friendship rules they are sworn to follow including #9: relatives totally off limits, especially Lee's bad boy older brother Noah (Jacob Elordi).
On the first day of school Elle's pants rip forcing her to go to school wearing a skirt that is too small. Tuppen, another student, touches her which almost gets Lee into a fight but Noah intervenes. Elle, having violated the dress code, has to serve detention with Noah and Tuppen. Tuppen later apologizes to Elle. She later agrees to go out with him however she is stood up. He goes to see her later that night to let her know that he was threatened by Noah not to go out with her.
Elle and Lee have to create a booth for the school carnival and decide on a kissing booth. The two have difficulty finding people to participate but get a group of popular girls called the OMG's (Olivia, Mia, and Gwyneth) to participate by lying to them saying that Noah likes one of them and will go if they go.
That night, the kissing booth is a success. However, girls including the OMG's become angry when they discover that Noah is not actually working the kissing booth. For payback, the girls send Elle up to the booth to kiss a nerdy kid while blindfolded. The boy switches with Noah having him next in line to kiss Elle. When Elle won't stop talking Noah kisses her, not knowing who it is she takes off her blindfold and Noah goes in for a second kiss. After cleaning up Elle sees Noah flirting with another girl so she runs home while Noah looks at her. While on her way home it starts to rain and Noah offers her a ride on his motorcycle. However, the rain gets too heavy and they have to stop. Elle kisses Noah again and he pulls away. After staring at each other Noah goes in for another kiss. Elle ends up pulling away, telling him she can't be another one of his conquests. He looks hurt but tells Elle why he likes her. They kiss again but are interrupted by a security guard who recognizes Noah and tells him to stop bringing girls there. Elle gets upset that Noah brought her to the place where he brings his other girlfriends and leaves.
The next day while at a party Elle is harassed by another student and Noah almost starts a fight with him. This causes her to storm off but Noah requests her to get in his car. Instead of going home he takes her to the Hollywood Sign and they talk about their relationship. They both admit to liking each other and decide to come up with rules for their relationship, one being that Lee never finds out. The two kiss and end up having sex.
Elle and Noah start to see each other secretly and are careful that Lee or anyone else don't find out. While in Noah's room his mom almost walks in on them and Elle has to hide. While hiding she overhears her say that he had been accepted to an Ivy League school. Soon after he reveals to her that he is going to Harvard and she starts to realize that he won't be around next year. One day while hanging out with Noah, Lee walks in on him tending to a cut on her face. He become suspicious and asks Elle if it was Noah who hurt her. This infuriates Noah and they are about to get involved in a fight, but Elle stops them and takes Lee away. Lee asks her is there is something going on between the two of them, to which she denies. She ends up feeling guilty about lying to Lee and goes back to Noah and tells him that they need to come clean that night and when Noah agrees he says that way he can take her to prom. They kiss but Lee ends up seeing it. Hurt, Lee attempts to leave his house but Elle tries to get him to talk before Noah intervenes and eventually get into a fight. After backing off, Lee leaves and Elle tells Noah to leave her alone.
Lee starts giving Elle the silent treatment and Noah goes missing. While at the arcade one day Lee invites Elle over to play a game and they make up and make plans for their upcoming birthday party. Before prom, Noah finally returns but to talk to Elle's dad who says he does not approve but it is her decision.
Elle goes to prom with Lee and his girlfriend Rachel and has a good time until a replica of their kissing booth is revealed. Noah comes out from behind the curtains to tell Elle that he loves her but she responds by saying that she cannot keep on hurting the people she loves because of him and that no one wants them to be together. Noah agrees to this but then asks her what does she want. To this Elle does not seem to have an answer and she runs away sobbing. Rachel chases after her but she gets away before they can say anything.
The next day at their costume themed birthday party, Elle begins missing Noah and decides to leave. Lee stops her and Elle tells him that she loves him but she also loves Noah and if he can't accept that then maybe they shouldn't be friends. Lee, finally accepts that Noah makes her happy and agrees to help Elle find him. Elle and Lee get in the car and leave for the airport. She starts sharing her true feelings for Noah to Lee and then it is revealed that all this time in the car it was Noah in Lee's costume. Elle is surprised to see Noah and admits to him that she loves him. They embrace and kiss.
During the next few weeks, Elle and Noah spend every day together before he has to leave for college. When it is time to go Elle goes with him to the airport and he leaves. After watching him leave, she drives off on Noah's motorcycle saying that she does not know if they will be together forever but she knows that a part of her heart will always belong to Noah Flynn. The story ends with Elle stating that everything happened just because of the Kissing Booth.
Cast[edit]
Joey King as Shelley "Elle" Evans
Joel Courtney as Lee Flynn
Jacob Elordi as Noah Flynn
Molly Ringwald as Mrs. Flynn
Production[edit]
In June 2014, Vince Marcello was hired to write the film adaptation of teenage author Beth Reekles' young adult novel The Kissing Booth, which was originally published on Wattpad.[1] In November 2016, it was announced that Netflix had purchased rights to the film, with Marcello now set to helm his screenplay.[2] In January 2017, Joey King and Molly Ringwald signed on to star in the film.[3]
The filming took place in Los Angeles, California, and in Cape Town, South Africa between January and April 2017.[3]
Release[edit]
The film was released on 11 May 2018 on Netflix.[4] According to Netflix, one in three viewers of the film have re-watched it, "which is 30 percent higher than the average movie re-watch rate on the [streaming service]."[5] Deeming the film a huge success for the service, CCO Ted Sarandos called the film "one of the most-watched movies in the country, and maybe in the world."[6]
Reception[edit]
On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 13%, based on 8 reviews, and an average rating of 3.7/10.[7]
The Kissing Booth was panned by critics.[8] IndieWire's Kate Erbland gave the film a "D" grade, adding that "Unfortunately, the high school-set rom-com is a sexist and regressive look at relationships that highlights the worst impulses of the genre."[9] Ani Bundel of NBCNews criticized the film's "problematic stereotyping of masculinity and relationships" and lack of original ideas. "It feels like it was written by someone who simply digested everything she was told 'romance' was supposed to be by the patriarchy, and vomited back at us. Nearly every cliché in the film feels cribbed from another movie, like a song made completely of samples from better-known hits."[8]
Despite being deemed "sexist"[9][10] and "objectively bad"[11][12] by several critics, The Kissing Booth was widely consumed among audiences. Netflix's Ted Sarandos, CCO affirmed the film's success as a "hugely popular original movie" for the streaming service.[11]
The Kissing Booth on Wattpad[edit]
The Kissing Booth was written in 2011 by author Beth Reekles. It originated as a story on Wattpad where it won a Watty Award for "Most Popular Teen Fiction" in Wattpad's annual writing contest.[13] By 2012 it had amassed over 19 million reads and, in 2013, was published by Penguin Random House.[14] In an interview with Forbes, Reekles explains what drew her to Wattpad: "I loved the feeling of community on the site, and when I began to share, I liked the anonymity of it because I was so self-conscious about my writing and hadn't shared it with anyone before."[15]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kemp, Stuart (June 10, 2014). "'Zombie Prom' Scribe Hired To Pen Teenage Publishing Sensation Beth Reekles' 'The Kissing Booth'". The Hollywood Reporter. Penske Business Media. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Tartaglione, Nancy (November 30, 2016). "Netflix Orders 'The Kissing Booth'; YA Adaptation To Be Produced By Komixx". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b N'Duka, Amanda (30 January 2017). "Joey King & Molly Ringwald To Pucker Up In 'The Kissing Booth'". Deadline Hollywood. Penske Business Media. Retrieved 11 May 2018.
Jump up ^ Hemmert, Kylie (May 1, 2018). "The Kissing Booth Official Trailer Released". ComingSoon.net. CraveOnline Media. Retrieved May 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ Galuppo, Mia (June 20, 2018). "'Set It Up' and the Rise of the Non-Studio Rom-Com". The Hollywood Reporter. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Adalian, Josef (June 10, 2018). "Netflix Binge Factory". Vulture. New York Media. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ "The Kissing Booth (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Fandango Media. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Bundel, Ani (July 3, 2018). "Netflix's 'The Kissing Booth' is a runaway teen phenomenon that critics hate and adults have never heard of". NBCNews. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Erbland, Kate (May 31, 2018). "'The Kissing Booth': Netflix's Teen Comedy Sensation Is Sexist and Outdated — Review". IndieWire. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Cagle, Tess (May 14, 2018). "Netflix celebrates the male gaze with puzzlingly sexist teen flick, 'The Kissing Booth'". The Daily Dot. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Rowles, Dustin (June 21, 2018). "Why Is The Objectively Bad Netflix Movie 'The Kissing Booth' So Insanely Popular?". Uproxx. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Foreman, Alison (June 15, 2018). "'The Kissing Booth' is the problematic, lazy dumpster fire dominating Netflix". Mashable. Retrieved July 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ https://www.theatlantic.com/entertainment/archive/2013/04/beth-reekles-kissing-booth/316454/
Jump up ^ https://techcrunch.com/2018/06/14/netflixs-latest-hit-the-kissing-booth-is-a-wattpad-success-story/
Jump up ^ https://www.forbes.com/sites/adamrowe1/2018/06/26/why-beth-reekles-is-the-wattpad-success-story-behind-netflix-hit-the-kissing-booth/#46dd974e28d5/
External links[edit]
The Kissing Booth on Netflix
The Kissing Booth on IMDb
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