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Derek (TV series)
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For the long-running German police procedural, see Derrick (TV series).
Derek
Genre
Mockumentary
Comedy-drama
Created by
Ricky Gervais
Written by
Ricky Gervais
Directed by
Ricky Gervais
Starring
Ricky Gervais
Kerry Godliman
David Earl
Karl Pilkington
Country of origin
United Kingdom
Original language(s)
English
No. of series
2
No. of episodes
14 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Ricky Gervais
Producer(s)
Charlie Hanson
Cinematography
Martin Hawkins
Editor(s)
Valerio Bonelli
Running time
24 mins[1]
Production company(s)
Derek Productions Ltd.
Distributor
Passion Distribution
Release
Original network
Channel 4
Picture format
1080i (HDTV)
Audio format
Stereo
Original release
12 April 2012 (2012-04-12) – 22 December 2014 (2014-12-22)
External links
Website
Derek is a British comedy-drama television series starring Ricky Gervais, who is also its writer and director.[2] The pilot was produced by Derek Productions Ltd. for Channel 4 and aired on 12 April 2012.[3][4] Channel 4 describes the show as "A bittersweet comedy drama about a group of outsiders living on society's margins."[5]
On 9 May 2012, Channel 4 announced that it had commissioned a full series, which began airing on 30 January 2013.[6] On 4 March 2013 (two days before the final episode of the first series was aired), it was announced that Derek had been recommissioned for a second series to be shown again on Channel 4 and later on Netflix.[7]
The first series became available for streaming on Netflix on 12 September 2013.[8] The second series, consisting of six episodes, started airing on 23 April 2014 on Channel 4 and concluded on 28 May 2014.[9] In November 2014, Channel 4 announced that a 60-minute "final" special episode of Derek would air in the United Kingdom on 22 December 2014.[10]
The show has attracted mixed reviews from critics.
Contents
1 Overview
2 Plot
3 Supporting characters
4 Episodes
4.1 Pilot (2012)
4.2 Series 1 (2013)
4.3 Series 2 (2014)
4.4 Special (2014)
5 Cast
6 Reception
6.1 Awards and nominations
7 DVD releases
8 References
9 External links
Overview[edit]
The pilot episode aired on 12 April 2012 on Channel 4. The show's writer, Ricky Gervais, revealed on his blog, just after the pilot had aired, that he was writing six more episodes. Filmed in a mockumentary style, the series is set mostly in a nursing home and centres on Derek, a helper at the home.[11] The title character first made an appearance in the 2001 Edinburgh Fringe show Rubbernecker,[12] and appears briefly in his Science tour of 2010. In this show, Gervais bemoans the harassment he suffers at the hands of autograph-hunters, adopting a 'Derek-like' persona before denouncing 'them' as genetically inferior.[13]
Gervais has said that the programme was inspired by his relatives who work in care homes: "Half my family are care workers. My sister works with kids with learning difficulties. My sister-in-law works in a care home for people with Alzheimer's. And four or five of my nieces work in old people's homes. I always write about what I know."[14]
Plot[edit]
Gervais plays 50-year-old Derek Noakes, a care worker at Broad Hill, a home for the elderly, who has worked there for three years. He likes watching reality television shows and game shows and is interested in celebrities, YouTube and, above all, talking about animals. The viewer is told he is kind, helpful and selfless, with good intentions. He is vulnerable because of his childlike naivety and distractions from society. He is ridiculed and ostracised, as well as being marginalised by mainstream society because of his social awkwardness and lack of inhibition. Derek says it is more important to be kind than to be clever or good-looking. Many media sources describe him as autistic, though Gervais has firmly denied this.[15] Gervais has, in fact, remained carefully ambiguous as to whether Derek is intellectually challenged, autistic, or otherwise.[16]
Supporting characters[edit]
Kerry Godliman plays Hannah, the care home's manager and Derek's friend. Karl Pilkington plays Dougie, the home's caretaker; Derek and Dougie live in Dougie's council flat. David Earl plays Kev, a slobbish and sex-crazed friend of Derek who does not work but spends much of his time there.
Episodes[edit]
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
Pilot 1 12 April 2012 (2012-04-12)
1 6 30 January 2013 (2013-01-30) 6 March 2013 (2013-03-06)
2 6 23 April 2014 (2014-04-23) 28 May 2014 (2014-05-28)
Special 1 22 December 2014 (2014-12-22)
Pilot (2012)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
UK viewers
(millions)
1
"Pilot" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 12 April 2012 (2012-04-12) 2.59[17]
Ricky Gervais is Derek Noakes, a middle-aged man who is a care assistant in a retirement home. His friends, caretaker Dougie (Karl Pilkington) and manager Hannah (Kerry Godliman), also work there. Hannah has been working there for 15 years. Unemployed Kev spends a lot of time in the home. Derek moved in with Dougie when Derek's mother died. A handsome young man, Tom, visits his grandmother Annie in the home frequently.
A film crew arrives, which Derek suspects is from Secret Millionaire. He shows his favourite YouTube video, Hamster on a Piano. Hannah is attracted to Tom. She assumes that all good men are married or gay. She wants to find out his sexual orientation without him knowing that she wants to know. She reasons that she can work out his orientation if she knows what his favourite films and television shows are. Derek asks Tom on her behalf, but he gives away the reason that he is asking. Tom pretends he is gay by saying that he is a fan of Glee, The Wizard of Oz, Judy Garland, Liza Minnelli and Audrey Hepburn. Tom says to Hannah that he was joking and that he is single and not gay. An awkward conversation ensues between Hannah and Tom, in which she pretends that it was Derek who wanted to know his orientation. Hannah and Derek go to a pub, where three female chavs insult Derek. Hannah headbutts one of them, before she and Derek leave. Joan, Derek's favourite resident at the home, dies. Tom takes Hannah to the pub; Derek tags along without being invited.
Series 1 (2013)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
UK viewers
(millions)[17]
2
"Episode 1" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 30 January 2013 (2013-01-30) 2.32
A visit from a council official, Roger, sees Broad Hill retirement home facing a major cut in funding or closure. Hannah, the home's manager, is determined to keep it open. He says that the home is spending too much on staff and tries to justify making some staff redundant. The staff tell Kev to leave because his presence is a liability with Roger there. He is not satisfied with Jack of all trades Dougie being employed there because he does not do enough work to justify being employed there full-time and is not qualified. She rallies best mates Derek, Dougie and Kev. They start a petition to keep the home open and go to Hampstead High Street to gain signatures. Staff from the local animal shelter bring in several animals for a few hours as pet therapy for the residents. Roger asks Hannah if Derek is autistic. She avoids answering and Derek says he does not know and it does not matter if he is or not. Dougie tells Roger to leave, which he does. The staff and residents are very pleased with Dougie.
3
"Episode 2" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 6 February 2013 (2013-02-06) 1.98
It is Derek's 50th birthday. Dougie says that he is a decade younger. Derek celebrates with a party at Broad Hill, specifying the music and food that he wants. Dougie takes Kev and some of the residents in a minibus to the local library. The party takes place that night, during which Hannah brings Derek a birthday cake with 50 candles on it. Derek feels nauseated after drinking Special Brew given to him by Kev.
Derek and Hannah show around Vicky, a girl who is doing community service there, having been convicted of stealing shoes from the shop she worked in. Vicky initially dislikes the home, but with Hannah's encouragement, begins to like it. Vicky decides to come back next week as a volunteer.
4
"Episode 3" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 13 February 2013 (2013-02-13) 1.79
Kev brings a morbidly obese, ugly, middle-aged woman into the home. He boasts about how much sex he has had with her recently.
In the home's garden, Derek licks a toad after Kev tells him to. Derek wants to save the life of a baby bird that has fallen from a tree. He phones 999 for an ambulance. One of the paramedics tells him that it is dead.
Some of the residents attend a jumble sale. Dougie is annoyed with Derek for buying an ugly ornament which they took to the jumble sale to get rid of.
It is date night for Tom and Hannah. Marge, a dying resident, suggests to Tom that he marry Hannah. She gives her engagement ring to him to give to Hannah. After Marge's death, her obnoxious daughter Shelley (who was to inherit the ring) arrives and takes the ring from Tom. Dougie angrily ejects her.
5
"Episode 4" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 20 February 2013 (2013-02-20) 1.43
Derek and Kev try to sell some of their autographs in order to raise money for the home. They are unable to, because Derek cannot remember who the autographs were signed by and Kev's are all on pictures which prominently include him.
Hannah's rich, narcissistic, friendless former classmate Rebecca brings her mother Jill into the home to become a new resident. Rebecca boasts at length about her success before leaving.
Dougie drives Derek, Kev and several of the residents to Broadstairs for a day trip. During the journey, Derek asks Dougie several stupid questions. On the beach, Kev writes crude sexual words on the shells of live crabs using a silver marker pen.[18]
6
"Episode 5" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 27 February 2013 (2013-02-27) 1.66
Derek forms an entertainment committee to plan a cabaret show at Broad Hill. Kev tries to produce Boys on Film, a play of his Duran Duran film script - casting himself, staff and residents as the band. Kev and Derek tell jokes. Deon, who is on a community service order having been convicted of stealing shoes from a shop, raps about working at the home.
7
"Episode 6" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 6 March 2013 (2013-03-06) 1.52
Derek watches a video of a baby monkey riding on a pig.
Hannah tells Derek that his father, Anthony, phoned the home and wants to see him. Derek has not seen him since he walked out when he was a child and he refuses to see Anthony.
Much-loved resident Lizzie dies and her funeral is attended by many of the residents and staff. Anthony turns up and approaches Derek. Derek initially rejects Anthony, but minutes later changes his mind and they go to the home together, where he introduces Anthony to the residents and staff.
Series 2 (2014)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
UK viewers
(millions)[17]
8
"Episode 1" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 23 April 2014 (2014-04-23) 2.29
Most of the old Broad Hill faces are back, alongside a few new ones. Vicky is now a permanent member of staff, as the home's unofficial beautician. New member of staff Geoff claims that there are camps in which humanzees are kept.
Derek is happy that Antony is moving in. He tells Derek about his travels to many countries.
Tom and Hannah are trying to conceive, which Derek tells the other staff and residents about.
After being called to remove a large spider from the toilet, being annoyed by Geoff and being electrocuted by an electric heater that he had wired wrongly, Dougie quits.
Last appearance of Dougie[19]
9
"Episode 2" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 30 April 2014 (2014-04-30) 1.81
There are job opportunities at Broad Hill, so Kev decides to clean up his act. Vicky's taste in men worries Hannah, while a visit from city boy Pete stirs things up for Derek.
10
"Episode 3" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 7 May 2014 (2014-05-07) 1.69
Hannah and Tom have happy news. Derek's dad, Anthony, goes on a date with Tom's nan. But matters of the heart are taking a downward turn for Kev, who calls on his brother, Cliff, for help.
11
"Episode 4" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 14 May 2014 (2014-05-14) 1.24
Derek and the Broad Hill gang go on a trip to London Zoo. Hannah suffers a painful loss.
12
"Episode 5" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 21 May 2014 (2014-05-21) 1.48
The staff from Medway Animal Rescue Centre comes to visit, and for Derek that means playing with Ivor. Tom is torn between his love of the Merchant Navy and his commitment to Hannah, Derek, Kev and the elderly. Meanwhile, Kev has suddenly taken up an interest in robotics.
13
"Episode 6" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 28 May 2014 (2014-05-28) 1.19
Derek goes on a date with a girl from a dating website. They bond over their mutual love of burping. He's excited but worried about his dad's health. Derek ruins things for everyone, and Kev fails to stand up.
Special (2014)[edit]
No.
overall
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
UK viewers
(millions)
14
"Derek: The Special" Ricky Gervais Ricky Gervais 22 December 2014 (2014-12-22) 0.85[20]
In a 60-minute series finale, filmed at West London Film Studios, Broad Hill prepares for the Hannah and Tom's wedding. A vicar visits the home, but his close-mindedness proves no match for the simple wisdom of Derek. Kev's behaviour proves too much for Hannah. The residents of Broad Hill finally come together in celebration of Hannah and Tom's union as Derek sings an inane song about pudding.
Cast[edit]
Ricky Gervais as Derek Noakes
Kerry Godliman as Hannah
David Earl as Kevin "Kev" Twine
Karl Pilkington as Dougie
Colin Hoult as Geoff
Holli Dempsey as Vicky
Brett Goldstein as Tom
Ruth Bratt as Mary
Margaret Towner as Edna[21]
Joan Linder as Joan
Kay Noone as Lizzie
Vilma Hollingbery as Elsie
Tim Barlow as Jack
Arthur Nightingale as Arthur
Tony Rohr as Anthony, Derek's father
Doc Brown as Deon
Joe Wilkinson as Cliff Twine
Reception[edit]
Derek has been met with mixed reviews from critics. On Rotten Tomatoes the first season holds a rating of 65.[22] On Metacritic, the first season of the show earned a rating of 64 out of 100, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[23]
The show attracted controversy due to a perception by some that it mocks mentally disabled people.[24] Tanya Gold, writing for The Guardian, dismissed Gervais's claims that in Derek he was satirising prejudice against the disabled, instead saying it "feels more like lazy cruelty than satire".[15] Jack Seale criticised the show for relying too heavily on elements and characterisations from previous programmes made by Gervais.[1] The Guardian's Sam Wollaston found it to be "not very good" and felt that "the whole mockumentary thing feels tired now".[25][26]
Tom Sutcliffe of The Independent questioned the wisdom of commissioning an entire series of the show, writing: "To my mind, the pilot of Ricky Gervais's comedy about an assistant in a retirement home had already fully explored its awkward – and testing – balance of comedy and emotion." About the titular character, he wrote "It's Derek's redeeming qualities that are the hardest to take – a sense of self-congratulation at the refinement of its own sentiments that has a little bit of the bully in it too."[27]
Gervais' performance as Derek has attracted mixed reviews. Diane Werts of Newsday reacted positively, saying that "Gervais has nailed it".[28] Curt Wagner of Red Eye wrote that Gervais "surprises with some tender, quiet acting and obvious love of the character.[29] Rob Owen of Pittsburgh Post-Gazette wrote that "although there could be an ick factor to Mr. Gervais playing a character with developmental issues, that turns out not to be the case. Mr. Gervais creates a character, not a caricature."[30] On the other hand, The Guardian's Sam Wollaston wrote that "Ricky Gervais is out of his depth playing a character that isn't based on his own worst foibles."[31] Terry Ramsey of The Telegraph wrote that "There is Gervais's cringe-making performance in the title role. I'm sorry, but Derek is simply Ricky Gervais in a patterned jumper with a cricked neck. Gervais is not a character actor and what Derek needs to bring him alive is to be more believable. What he really needs is someone else playing him."[32] Christopher Stevens of The Daily Mail wrote, "He [Gervais] slips in and out of character: sometimes he's the gentle, stuttering carer, and at others he's just Ricky Gervais in an acrylic cardigan, with a glint in his eye and a sarcastic quip on his lips."[33]
The second series of Derek attracted more positive reviews. The second series currently holds a 72% on Rotten Tomatoes.[34] Hank Stuever of The Washington Post reacted positively, saying that "Derek is an honest and often charming endeavor."[35] Kyle Anderson of Entertainment Weekly also praised the show, but wrote that the absence of Karl Pilkington hurt the series, writing: "The second season mostly upholds the first's tricky precedent, but the absence of regular Gervais associate Karl Pilkington means the yuks are a bit less hearty." Terry Ramsey of The Telegraph wrote,"We didn't need a second series of Ricky Gervais's comedy drama Derek."[36] In a review in The Guardian, Sam Wollaston wrote "That's the other big problem with Derek. That it's not very smart. Or very funny. Or very good."[37] Msn.com stated "Ricky Gervais' Derek remains a mawkish mess. Where to begin? The mockumentary format is moribund. The ethics are muddy. The tone is all over the place in everything but its consistent condescension."[38] Matt D of Unrealitytv.co.uk agreed with the consensus claiming "The primary reasons for this are the imbalance in tone and Gervais' central performance both of which stop Derek from being a truly enjoyable programme."[39] AV Club suggested that "Derek has all the creative ambition of [an online video of little piggies and bunnies doing cute things]."[40] Indie Wire stated that "Season two is all over the map."[41] Michael Hogan of The Telegraph described Derek as a "saccharine series" and "dreadful".[42] Serena Davies, from the same publication, went as far as to claim that "the show seems to have been devised by someone of Derek's limited intelligence... [I will not be] wasting any more of my time watching this rather flimsy, curiously pointless programme."[42] The Daily Mail described Derek as "an unfunny sitcom" and "the most rancid dollop of insincere gloop ever served up on telly".[43]
The special was given two stars out of five by The Telegraph. The reviewer, Ed Power, criticised the episode for the "weak performance" from Gervais and the "sub-Forrest Gump sympathy milking". He described it as "glib" and "manipulative".[44] The Guardian reviewer Julia Raeside concurred, adding "I can find no comedy in it and it lacks the emotional truth required for a drama."[45]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Year
Association
Category
Nominee(s)
Result
2014 Primetime Emmy Awards Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Comedy Series Ricky Gervais Nominated
Golden Globe Awards Best Actor – Television Series Musical or Comedy Ricky Gervais Nominated
2015 Primetime Emmy Awards Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Lead Actor in a Miniseries or a Movie Ricky Gervais Nominated
DVD releases[edit]
The complete first series of Derek was released on DVD and Blu-ray on 11 November 2013.[46] The complete second series of Derek was released on DVD on 17 November 2014.[47] Additionally, a 2 disc boxset containing both the first and second series on DVD was also released on 17 November 2014.[48] Derek: The Special was released on DVD on 26 October 2015. A complete collection boxset was also released featuring both series and the special.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Seale, Jack (28 March 2012). "Ricky Gervais in Derek - review". Radio Times. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
Jump up ^ "Channel 4 launches Ricky Gervais's Derek | News | Comedy Central UK and Ireland". Comedycentral.co.uk. 3 April 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "Derek - C4 Comedy Drama - British Comedy Guide". Comedy.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "Free company financial check on DEREK PRODUCTIONS LIMITED. Registered number 07453009. Free company accounts. Companies House information". Company Check. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "Derek - All 4". Channel4.com. 2012-04-12. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ "commissions series of Derek by Ricky Gervais - Channel 4 - Info - Press". Channel 4. 9 May 2012. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
Jump up ^ Alice Vincent (4 March 2013). "Ricky Gervais comedy Derek re-commissioned for second series by Channel Four". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved 6 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (22 May 2013). "Ricky Gervais series 'Derek' gets Netflix premiere date". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 8 July 2013.
Jump up ^ Hodgson, Claire (27 March 2014). "Ricky Gervais' heartwarming comedy drama Derek returns to Channel 4 for its second series this April". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 1 April 2014.
Jump up ^ Eames, Tom. "Ricky Gervais's Derek to air final episode in December". Digitalspy.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ Holly Thomas (5 April 2012). "'Who'd win between a suicide bomber and a shark?'". London: Dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 24 November 2012.
Jump up ^ "Rubbernecker". The Scotsman. 2001-08-24. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ "Ricky Gervais | Science | Autograph Hunters". YouTube. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ "Ricky Gervais interview for Derek". Channel 4.
^ Jump up to: a b Tanya Gold (9 February 2012). "No justification for this lazy comedy". London: Guardian. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
Jump up ^ Dowell, Ben (2014-12-04). "Ricky Gervais explains why he loves Derek Noakes more than any other character he has created". Radiotimes.com. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Weekly Top 30 Programmes". Barb.co.uk. Retrieved 16 February 2013. (No permanent link available. Search for relevant dates.)
Jump up ^ Kent Film Office. "Kent Film Office Derek Article".
Jump up ^ Jeffery, Morgan. "Ricky Gervais on Karl Pilkington Derek exit: He was too nervous to act". Digitalspy.co.uk. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ Plunkett, John (23 December 2014). "The Wrong Mans is back with 2m viewers while Derek bids farewell". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "Margaret Towner, veteran actress who appeared in Star Wars franchise – obituary". The Daily Telegraph. 2017-05-04. Retrieved 2017-05-07.
Jump up ^ "DEREK: SEASON 1 (2013)". Rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ "Derek - Season 1 Reviews". Metacritic. 2013-08-14. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ BBC (9 April 2012). "Ricky Gervais defends comedy show Derek". BBC.co.uk. Retrieved 9 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Sam Wollaston (12 April 2012). "TV review: Derek; Long Lost Family | Television & radio". London: The Guardian. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
Jump up ^ "TV REVIEW: 'Ricky Gervais' In 'Derek' - Karl Pilkington In A Wig Made For A Compassionate Tale, Lightly Told". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ Sutcliffe, Tom (31 January 2013). "TV review: Ricky Gervais' self-congratulating new show Derek, Channel 4". The Independent. London.
Jump up ^ Werts, Diane. "'Derek' review: Ricky Gervais nails it". Retrieved 24 February 2016.
Jump up ^ Wagner, Curt. "'Derek' review: Ricky Gervais finds his inner nice guy". Retrieved 24 February 2016.
Jump up ^ Owen, Rob. "TV Review: Ricky Gervais mixes humor, pathos in new series 'Derek'". Retrieved 24 February 2016.
Jump up ^ Wollaston, Sam (24 April 2014). "Derek; Game Face – TV review". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Ramsey, Terry (23 April 2014). "Derek, series 2, episode 1, review: 'more mawkish than ever'". The Daily Telegraph. London.
Jump up ^ Stevens, Christopher (24 April 2014). "Comedy great? Gervais is just a sniggering playground bully: CHRISTOPHER STEVENS reviews last night's TV". Daily Mail. London.
Jump up ^ "Derek Season 2 Reviews". Retrieved 1 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Stuever, Hank. "Netflix's 'Derek' returns, handled with tender, loving care". Retrieved 1 August 2015.
Jump up ^ Ramsey, Terry. "Derek, series 2, episode 1, review: 'more mawkish than ever'". Telegraph. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ Wollaston, Sam (24 April 2014). "Derek; Game Face – TV review". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "TV | What to watch on TV tonight, latest news and clips | MSN UK". Tv.uk.msn.com. 2017-02-01. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 26 April 2014. Retrieved 26 April 2014.
Jump up ^ Dyess, Phil. "Derek · Season 2 · TV Review Derek proves, again, that Ricky Gervais' nice side is not his best side · TV Review · The A.V. Club". Avclub.com. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ Ben Travers (2016-05-12). "Review: Ricky Gervais' Netflix Dramedy Returns with Less 'Derek' and More Sex Jokes". IndieWire. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
^ Jump up to: a b Hogan, Michael. "Does Ricky Gervais deserve a Golden Globe for Derek?". Telegraph. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ "Comedy great? Gervais is just a sniggering playground bully". dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Power, Ed (2014-12-22). "Derek, review, final episode: 'glib and manipulative'". Telegraph. Retrieved 2017-02-22.
Jump up ^ Raeside, Julia (23 December 2014). "The Wrong Mans review – audacious and ambitious, it got everything right". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ "Derek - Series 1". Amazon. 11 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Derek - Series 2". Amazon. 17 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "Derek - Series 1-2". Amazon. 17 November 2014.
External links[edit]
Derek on Netflix
Derek on Channel 4
Derek on IMDb
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Fat rascal
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Fat rascal
Fat rascals at Bettys Cafe Tearooms
Alternative names
Turf cake (historical)
Type
Cake/biscuit
Place of origin
England
Region or state
Yorkshire
Main ingredients
Currants and candied peel
Cookbook: Fat rascal
Media: Fat rascal
A fat rascal, closely related to the historical turf cake, is a type of cake, similar to a scone or rock cake in both taste and ingredients. It originated in Yorkshire at least as early as the 19th century.
Contents
1 History
2 Bettys
3 See also
4 References
History[edit]
Fat rascals were known in the Yorkshire region in the nineteenth century as a form of tea cake containing butter and cream.[1] An 1859 Charles Dickens story identifies the fat rascal with the singing hinny of Northumberland.[2] A fat rascal could also be baked as a turf cake, a buttery, flat cake baked in a covered pan among the ashes of a peat fire,[3] and the terms fat rascal and turf cake are sometimes used interchangeably. A Yorkshire cookery book of 1973 had plain flour, baking powder, butter and currants as the ingredients.[4] A 1980 Yorkshire cookbook described fat rascals as a means of using leftover pastry, typically consisting of scraps of shortcrust pastry, sugared, sprinkled with currants and rolled into thick flat cakes before baking.[5] Fat rascals, whatever their composition, do not appear to have been widely known outside the Yorkshire region until the 1980s, although there are occasional mentions in other regions, such as in Rye, Sussex in Ford Madox Ford's 1931 memoirs.[6]
There is a recipe for fat rascals in a book called "The Presidents' Cook Book" by Poppy Cannon and Patricia Brooks published in 1968 by Funk and Wagnalls in the USA. They say "In Edith Roosevelt's most cherished cook book .... is this recipe for hot biscuits." This cook book now rests on a shelf in the parlour of Sagamore Hill.
Bettys[edit]
A widely recognised version of the fat rascal was introduced by Bettys Café Tea Rooms in North Yorkshire in 1983. This is a plump, fruity scone with a 'face' made from cherries and almonds based on a rock cake recipe, developed by Helen Frankel, then a buyer and marketing assistant at Bettys. Following its launch, the fat rascal quickly became Bettys’ best known and best-selling bakery product, selling over 375,000 per year.[7] Bettys & Taylors of Harrogate own the registered trade mark for the name 'fat rascal'.[8]
See also[edit]
Florentine biscuit
Singing hinny
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Fat Rascals". The Foods of England Project. Retrieved 2013-12-14. The origin of the name is obscure, it is known in this context at least since the 1855 Glossary of Yorkshire Words and Phrases Collected in Whitby and the Neighbourhood of 1855 where the definition of 'Spice Cake' is given as; "tea cakes with currants as well as cakes more generally, known as plum cakes for which this quarter is famous. The tea cakes made rich with butter and cream are called fat rascals."
Jump up ^ Dickens, Charles (11 June 1859). "Mother's First Lodger". All the Year Round. I: 157. ...we used to have cakes something of the same kind at home, when I was a girl, but they called them singing hinnies. They are famous at Saltburn for their fat rascals.
Jump up ^ "The Foods of England - Turf cakes". Foodsofengland.co.uk. Retrieved 8 November 2017.
Jump up ^ The Yorkshire Kitchen. Harrogate: St John Ambulance, 1973; p. 107
Jump up ^ Moore, Mary Hanson (1980). A Yorkshire Cookbook. David & Charles Publishers. ISBN 978-0-7153-7892-2.
Jump up ^ Ford, Ford Madox (1931). Return to Yesterday. London: Victor Gollancz. p. 9.
Jump up ^ "Emma's Organics". Emmasorganics.com.au. Retrieved 10 April 2013.
Jump up ^ UK Trademark 2,486,947
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fat_rascal&oldid=825535242"
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Biscuits (British style)
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Twice-baked goods
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The Black Cat (short story)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"The Black Cat"
Author
Edgar Allan Poe
Country
United States
Language
English
Genre(s)
Horror fiction, Gothic Literature
Publisher
United States Saturday Post[1]
Media type
Print (periodical)
"The Black Cat" is a short story by American writer Edgar Allan Poe. It was first published in the August 19, 1843, edition of The Saturday Evening Post. It is a study of the psychology of guilt, often paired in analysis with Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart".[2] In both, a murderer carefully conceals his crime and believes himself unassailable, but eventually breaks down and reveals himself, impelled by a nagging reminder of his guilt.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Publication history
3 Analysis
4 Adaptations
5 References
6 External links
Plot[edit]
Illustration for "The Black Cat" by Aubrey Beardsley (1894–1895)
The story is presented as a first-person narrative using an unreliable narrator. He is a condemned man at the outset of the story.[3] The narrator tells us that from an early age he has loved animals. He and his wife have many pets, including a large, beautiful black cat (as described by the narrator) named Pluto. This cat is especially fond of the narrator and vice versa. Their mutual friendship lasts for several years, until the narrator becomes an alcoholic. One night, after coming home completely intoxicated, he believes the cat to be avoiding him. When he tries to seize it, the panicked cat bites the narrator, and in a fit of rage, he seizes the animal, pulls a pen-knife from his pocket, and deliberately gouges out the cat's eye.
From that moment onward, the cat flees in terror at his master's approach. At first, the narrator is remorseful and regrets his cruelty. "But this feeling soon gave place to irritation. And then came, as if to my final and irrevocable overthrow, the spirit of perverseness." He takes the cat out in the garden one morning and ties a noose around its neck, hanging it from a tree where it dies. That very night, his house mysteriously catches fire, forcing the narrator, his wife and their servant to flee the premises.
The next day, the narrator returns to the ruins of his home to find, imprinted on the single wall that survived the fire, the apparition of a gigantic cat, with a rope around the animal's neck.
At first, this image deeply disturbs the narrator, but gradually he determines a logical explanation for it, that someone outside had cut the cat from the tree and thrown the dead creature into the bedroom to wake him during the fire. The narrator begins to miss Pluto, feeling guilty. Some time later, he finds a similar cat in a tavern. It is the same size and color as the original and is even missing an eye. The only difference is a large white patch on the animal's chest. The narrator takes it home, but soon begins to loathe, even fear the creature. After a time, the white patch of fur begins to take shape and, to the narrator, forms the shape of the gallows. This terrifies and angers him more, and he avoids the cat whenever possible. Then, one day when the narrator and his wife are visiting the cellar in their new home, the cat gets under its master's feet and nearly trips him down the stairs. Enraged, the man grabs an axe and tries to kill the cat but is stopped by his wife − whom, out of fury, he kills instead. To conceal her body he removes bricks from a protrusion in the wall, places her body there, and repairs the hole. A few days later, when the police show up at the house to investigate the wife's disappearance, they find nothing and the narrator goes free. The cat, which he intended to kill as well, has also gone missing. This grants him the freedom to sleep, even with the burden of murder.
On the last day of the investigation, the narrator accompanies the police into the cellar. They still find nothing significant. Then, completely confident in his own safety, the narrator comments on the sturdiness of the building and raps upon the wall he had built around his wife's body. A loud, inhuman wailing sound fills the room. The alarmed police tear down the wall and find the wife's corpse, and on its rotting head, to the utter horror of the narrator, is the screeching black cat. As he words it: "I had walled the monster up within the tomb!"
Publication history[edit]
"The Black Cat" was first published in the August 19, 1843, issue of The Saturday Evening Post. At the time, the publication was using the temporary title United States Saturday Post.[4] Readers immediately responded favorably to the story, spawning parodies including Thomas Dunn English's "The Ghost of the Grey Tadpole".[5]
Analysis[edit]
Like the narrator in Poe's "The Tell-Tale Heart", the narrator of "The Black Cat" has questionable sanity. Near the beginning of the tale, the narrator says he would be "mad indeed" if he should expect a reader to believe the story, implying that he has already been accused of madness.[6]
The extent to which the narrator claims to have loved his animals suggests mental instability in the form of having “too much of a good thing”. His partiality for animals substitutes “the paltry friendship and gossamer fidelity of mere Man”. Since the narrator’s wife shares his love of animals, he likely thinks of her as another pet, seeing as he distrusts and dislikes humans. Additionally, his failure to understand his excessive love of animals foreshadows his inability to explain his motives for his actions.[7]
One of Poe's darkest tales, "The Black Cat" includes his strongest denunciation of alcohol. The narrator's perverse actions are brought on by his alcoholism, a "disease" and "fiend" which also destroys his personality.[8] The use of the black cat evokes various superstitions, including the idea voiced by the narrator's wife that they are all witches in disguise. Poe owned a black cat. In his "Instinct vs Reason -- A Black Cat" he stated: The writer of this article is the owner of one of the most remarkable black cats in the world - and this is saying much; for it will be remembered that black cats are all of them witches.[9] In Scottish and Irish mythology, the Cat Sìth is described as being a black cat with a white spot on its chest, not unlike the cat the narrator finds in the tavern. The titular cat is named Pluto after the Roman god of the Underworld.
The Doppelgänger – see also "William Wilson"
Guilt – see also "The Tell-Tale Heart"
Although Pluto is a neutral character at the beginning of the story, he becomes antagonistic in the narrator’s eyes once the narrator becomes an alcoholic. The alcohol pushes the narrator into fits of intemperance and violence, to the point at which everything angers him – Pluto in particular, who is always by his side, becomes the malevolent witch who haunts him even while avoiding his presence. When the narrator cuts Pluto’s eye from its socket, this can be seen as symbolic of self-inflicted partial blindness to his own vision of moral goodness.[7]
The fire that destroys the narrator’s house symbolizes the narrator’s "almost complete moral disintegration".[7] The only remainder is the impression of Pluto upon the wall, which represents his unforgivable and incorrigible sin.[7]
From a rhetorician's standpoint, an effective scheme of omission that Poe employs is diazeugma, or using many verbs for one subject; it omits pronouns. Diazeugma emphasizes actions and makes the narrative swift and brief.[10]
Adaptations[edit]
In 1910–11 Futurist artist Gino Severini painted "The Black Cat" in direct reference to Poe's short story.
The Black Cat, 1910–1911. A painting by Gino Severini
Universal Pictures made two films titled The Black Cat, one in 1934, starring Bela Lugosi and Boris Karloff, and another in 1941, starring Lugosi and Basil Rathbone. Both films claimed to have been "suggested by" Poe's story, but neither bears any resemblance to the tale aside from the presence of a black cat.[5] Elements of Poe's story were, however, used in the 1934 film Maniac.[11]
"The Black Cat" was adapted into a 7-page comic strip in Yellowjack Comics #1 (1944).
Sept. 18, 1947, Mystery in the Air Radio Program with Peter Lorre as the Protagonist in The Black Cat. Note: eye is not gouged out. Instead the cat's ear is torn.
The middle segment of director Roger Corman's 1962 anthology film Tales of Terror combines the story of "The Black Cat" with that of another Poe tale, "The Cask of Amontillado."[5] This version stars Peter Lorre as the main character (given the name Montresor Herringbone) and Vincent Price as Fortunato Luchresi.
In 1970, Czech writer Ludvík Vaculík made many references to "A Descent into the Maelström" as well as "The Black Cat" in his novel The Guinea Pigs (cs).
Writer/director Lucio Fulci's 1981 film The Black Cat is loosely based on Poe's tale.
The 1990 film Two Evil Eyes presents two Poe tales, "The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" and "The Black Cat." The former was written and directed by George A. Romero while the latter was written and directed by Dario Argento. This version stars Harvey Keitel in the lead role.
In 1997, a compilation of Poe's work was released on a double CD entitled Closed on Account of Rabies, with various celebrities lending their voices to the tales. The Black Cat was read by avant-garde performer Diamanda Galás.
"The Black Cat" was adapted and performed with "The Cask of Amontillado" as Poe, Times Two: Twin tales of mystery, murder...and mortar—a double-bill of short, one-man plays written and performed by Greg Oliver Bodine. First produced in NYC at Manhattan Theatre Source in 2007, and again at WorkShop Theater Company in 2011. Part of the 2012 season at Cape May Stage in Cape May, NJ.
"The Black Cat" is the eleventh episode of the second season (2007) of the television series Masters of Horror. The plot essentially retells the short story in a semi-autobiographical manner, with Poe himself undergoing a series of events involving a black cat which he used to inspire the story of the same name.
In 2011, Hyper Aware Theater Company produced "The Black Cat", one of several Poe stage adaptations written by Lance Tait, as part of its “Gutterdrunk: The Poe Revisions” in New York City.[12]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Baym, Nina (2012). The Norton Anthology of American Literature, 8th Edition, Volume B: 1820-1865. New York City: Norton. p. 695.
Jump up ^ Meyers, Jeffrey (1992). Edgar Allan Poe: his life and legacy. New York City: Charles Scribner's Sons. p. 137. ISBN 0-8154-1038-7. OCLC 44413785.
Jump up ^ Hart, James D. "The Black Cat". The Concise Oxford Companion to American Literature. Oxford UP, 1986. Oxford Reference Online. Accessed October 22, 2011.
Jump up ^ Quinn, Arthur Hobson (1998). Edgar Allan Poe: a critical biography. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 394. ISBN 0-8018-5730-9. OCLC 37300554.
^ Jump up to: a b c Sova, Dawn B. (2001). Edgar Allan Poe, A to Z: the essential reference to his life and work. New York City: Facts on File. p. 28. ISBN 0-8160-4161-X. OCLC 44885229.
Jump up ^ Cleman, John (2002). "Irresistible Impulses: Edgar Allan Poe and the Insanity Defense". In Harold Bloom. Edgar Allan Poe. New York City: Chelsea House Publishers. p. 73. ISBN 0-7910-6173-6. OCLC 48176842.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Gargano, James W. "The Black Cat": Perverseness Reconsidered". Texas Studies in Literature and Language 2.2 (1960): 172-78.
Jump up ^ Cecil, L. Moffitt (December 1972). "Poe's Wine List". Poe Studies. V (2): 42.
Jump up ^ Barger, Andrew (2008). Edgar Allan Poe Annotated and Illustrated Entire Stories and Poems. U.S.A.: Bottletree Books LLC. p. 58. ISBN 978-1-933747-10-1.
Jump up ^ Zimmerman, Brett. Edgar Allan Poe: Rhetoric and Style. Montreal: McGill-Queen's UP, 2005.
Jump up ^ J. Stuart Blackton. "Maniac - Cast, Reviews, Summary, and Awards - AllRovi". Allmovie.com. Retrieved 2014-04-28.
Jump up ^ "Gutterdrunk: The Poe Revisions".
External links[edit]
Wikisource has original text related to this article:
The Black Cat
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Black Cat (Poe).
Project Gutenberg: The Works of Edgar Allan Poe, Volume 2
Complete Text at E A Poe Society of Baltimore
Full text on PoeStories.com with hyperlinked vocabulary words.
The Poe Decoder: The Black Cat
The Black Cat public domain audiobook at LibriVox
Illustration and description of Severini's painting.
The Black Cat reading by Gerry Hay
[show]
v
t
e
Edgar Allan Poe (works)
Poems
"Tamerlane" (1827)
"Al Aaraaf" (1829)
"Sonnet to Science" (1829)
"To Helen" (1831)
"The City in the Sea" (1831)
"The Haunted Palace" (1839)
"The Conqueror Worm" (1843)
"Lenore" (1843)
"Eulalie" (1843)
"The Raven" (1845)
"Ulalume" (1847)
"A Dream Within a Dream" (1849)
"Eldorado" (1849)
"The Bells" (1849)
"Annabel Lee" (1849)"
Tales
"Metzengerstein" (1832)
"Bon-Bon" (1832)
"MS. Found in a Bottle" (1833)
"Berenice" (1835)
"Morella" (1835)
"The Unparalleled Adventure of One Hans Pfaall" (1835)
"Ligeia" (1838)
"A Predicament" (1838)
"The Devil in the Belfry" (1839)
"The Man That Was Used Up" (1839)
"The Fall of the House of Usher" (1839)
"William Wilson" (1839)
"The Conversation of Eiros and Charmion" (1839)
"The Business Man" (1840)
"The Man of the Crowd" (1840)
"The Murders in the Rue Morgue" (1841)
"A Descent into the Maelström" (1841)
"Never Bet the Devil Your Head" (1841)
"Eleonora" (1841)
"The Oval Portrait" (1842)
"The Masque of the Red Death" (1842)
"The Mystery of Marie Rogêt" (1842)
"The Pit and the Pendulum" (1842)
"The Tell-Tale Heart" (1843)
"The Gold-Bug" (1843)
"The Black Cat" (1843)
"The Spectacles" (1844)
"A Tale of the Ragged Mountains" (1844)
"The Premature Burial" (1844)
"The Oblong Box" (1844)
"The Angel of the Odd" (1844)
"Thou Art the Man" (1844)
"The Purloined Letter" (1844)
"Some Words with a Mummy" (1845)
"The Thousand-and-Second Tale of Scheherazade" (1845)
"The Imp of the Perverse" (1845)
"The System of Doctor Tarr and Professor Fether" (1845)
"The Facts in the Case of M. Valdemar" (1845)
"The Cask of Amontillado" (1846)
"Hop-Frog" (1849)
Essays
"Maelzel's Chess Player" (1836)
"The Philosophy of Furniture" (1840)
"Morning on the Wissahiccon" (1844)
"The Philosophy of Composition" (1846)
"The Poetic Principle" (1846)
Eureka: A Prose Poem (1848)
Novels
The Narrative of Arthur Gordon Pym of Nantucket (1837)
The Journal of Julius Rodman (1840)
Collections
Tamerlane and Other Poems (1827)
Tales of the Grotesque and Arabesque (1840)
Play
Politian (1835)
Other
The Conchologist's First Book (1839)
The Balloon-Hoax (1844)
The Light-House (1849)
Related
Virginia Eliza Clemm Poe (wife)
Eliza Poe (mother)
David Poe Jr. (father)
William Henry Poe (brother)
Poe Museum
Poe Cottage
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National Historic Site
The Penn magazine
Death
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In popular culture
film and television
music
Poe Toaster
Tales of Mystery & Imagination
[show]
v
t
e
Edgar Allan Poe's "The Black Cat" (1843)
Film Adaptations
The Black Cat (1934)
Maniac (1934)
The Black Cat (1941)
The Black Cat (1981)
Films
Unheimliche Geschichten (1932)
Tales of Terror (1962)
Two Evil Eyes (1990)
TV adaptations
"The Black Cat"
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Black_Cat_(short_story)&oldid=819123479"
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text:
List of internet service providers in India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (March 2017)
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This is a list of internet service providers in India. There were 156 internet service providers (ISPs) offering broadband and narrowband internet services in India as on 30 September 2017.
Contents
[hide]
1 By subscribers
2 Other notable ISPs
3 Enterprise/wholesale only
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
By subscribers[edit]
The following table shows the top 10 ISPs in India by total subscriber base as on 30 September 2017. Broadband is defined as "an always-on Internet connection with download speed of 512 kbit/s or above." The number of internet users are 429.23 million, out of which 104.34 million are narrowband subscribers and 324.89 million are broadband subscribers.[citation needed]
Rank
ISP
Narrowband
Broadband
Total
1 Jio 0 138,615,904 138,615,904
2 Airtel 32,008,751 62,294,731 94,303,482
3 Vodafone 21,736,495 45,975,013 67,711,508
4 Idea Cellular 8,589,570 29,614,167 38,203,737
5 BSNL 10,915,589 21,242,487 32,158,076
6 Reliance Communications 10,697,647 5,523,074 16,220,721
7 Aircel 7,142,722 9,073,153 16,215,875
8 Tata Teleservices 4,690,205 4,316,099 9,006,304
9 Telenor India 7,969,328 331,339 8,300,667
10 MTNL 484,517 1,408,903 1,893,420
Other notable ISPs[edit]
ISP
Coverage area
Kerala Vision Digital TV kerala
Connect Broadband Punjab
DEN Networks
Sify
Spectranet Delhi NCR, Chennai, Banglore, Mumbai, Pune
Enterprise/wholesale only[edit]
GAILTEL
Railwire
Tulip Telecom
PowerGrid
See also[edit]
Internet in India
References[edit]
External links[edit]
DoT website
TRAI website
[show]
v
t
e
Telecommunication companies of India
Mobile network operators
Airtel
BSNL Mobile
Idea
Jio
MTNL
T24 Mobile
Tata DoCoMo
Telenor
Vodafone
Defunct mobile operators
Aircel
Etisalat DB Telecom(Cheers Mobile)
Loop Mobile
MTS
Orange
Reliance
S Tel
Spice Telecom
Videocon
Virgin Mobile
Internet service providers
ACT Fibernet
Airtel Broadband
APSFL
BBNL
BSNL
Hathway
Jio
MTNL
Railtel
Reliance
Sify
Spectranet
Tata Teleservices
Tikona Broadband
DTH operators
ABS Free Dish
Airtel digital TV
DD Free Dish
Dish TV
Reliance Digital TV
Sun Direct
Tata Sky
Videocon d2h
Zing Digital
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_internet_service_providers_in_India&oldid=838787858"
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Internet service providers of India
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