text:
(Everything I Do) I Do It for You
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
Single by Bryan Adams
from the album Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves soundtrack and Waking Up the Neighbours
B-side
"She's Only Happy When She's Dancing" (Live in Belgium 1989)
Released
June 18, 1991
Format
7"
CD
Recorded
March 1991
Genre
Soft rock[1]
Length
6:34 (album version)
4:06 (single version)
Label
A&M
Songwriter(s)
Bryan Adams
Michael Kamen
Robert "Mutt" Lange
Producer(s)
Robert "Mutt" Lange
Bryan Adams singles chronology
"Only the Strong Survive"
(1987) "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
(1991) "Can't Stop This Thing We Started"
(1991)
"Only the Strong Survive"
(1987) "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
(1991) "Can't Stop This Thing We Started"
(1991)
Music video
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" on YouTube
Audio sample
file
help
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" is a song by Canadian singer-songwriter Bryan Adams. Written by Adams, Michael Kamen and Robert John "Mutt" Lange, featured on two albums simultaneously on its release, the soundtrack album from the 1991 film Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves and on Adams' sixth album Waking Up the Neighbours (1991). The song was an enormous chart success internationally, particularly in the United Kingdom, where it spent sixteen consecutive weeks at number one on the UK Singles Chart (the longest in British chart history). It went on to sell more than 15 million copies worldwide, making it Adams' most successful song and one of the best-selling singles of all time.[2] Subsequently, the song has been covered by hundreds of singers and artists around the world.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Music videos
3 Charts and certifications
3.1 Weekly charts
3.2 Year-end charts
3.3 Decade-end charts
3.4 Sales and certifications
4 Fatima Mansions version
5 Brandy version
5.1 Track listings
5.2 Credits and personnel
5.3 Charts
6 References
7 External links
Background[edit]
The musicians on the original recording are Adams on lead vocals and guitar, Bill Payne (piano), Mickey Curry (drums), Larry Klein (bass), Keith Scott (guitar) and Mutt Lange (keyboards and background vocals). Based on orchestral music by Kamen, the song was written in London, UK at the studio Adams was working at in 1990, and he and Lange wrote it in 45 minutes, recording it the following March and releasing it three months later.[3][4] The song is performed in the key of D ♭ major.
Music videos[edit]
The official music video for the song was directed by Julien Temple.[5] A video was also commissioned for a live version of the song, directed by Andy Morahan.[6]
Charts and certifications[edit]
In the United Kingdom, "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" has the longest unbroken run at number one, spending sixteen consecutive weeks at the top of the UK Singles Chart from July to October 1991.[7]
It also spent seven weeks at number one on the Billboard Hot 100 in the United States and nine weeks atop the Canadian Singles Chart in Adams's native Canada.[1][8] Billboard ranked it as the No. 1 song for 1991.[9]
Adams, Kamen and Lange won a Grammy Award for Best Song Written Specifically for a Motion Picture or Television,[10] and was nominated for the Grammy Award for Record of the Year at the Grammy Awards of 1992. It was also nominated for an Academy Award for Best Song but lost to "Beauty and the Beast".[11]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (1991–93)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[12] 1
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[13] 1
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[14] 1
Canada Adult Contemporary (RPM)[15] 1
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[16] 1
Denmark (IFPI) 1
Europe (Eurochart Hot 100) 1
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[17] 1
France (SNEP)[18] 1
Germany (Official German Charts)[19] 1
Ireland (IRMA)[20] 1
Italy (FIMI)[21] 1
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[22] 1
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[23] 1
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[24] 1
Norway (VG-lista)[25] 1
Spain (AFYVE)[26] 1
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[27] 1
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[28] 1
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[29] 1
US Billboard Hot 100[30] 1
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[1] 1
US Mainstream Rock (Billboard)[1] 10 [31]
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1991)
Position
Australia (ARIA)[32] 1
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[33] 1
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[34] 1
UK Singles Chart 1
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[35] 1
Dutch Top 40 1
Decade-end charts[edit]
Chart (1990–1999)
Position
UK Singles Chart 7
U.S. Billboard Hot 100[36] 37
Sales and certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[37]
2× Platinum 140,000^
Austria (IFPI Austria)[38]
Platinum 50,000*
Canada (Music Canada)[39]
2× Platinum 200,000^
France (SNEP)[40]
Gold 508,000[41]
Germany (BVMI)[42]
Platinum 500,000^
Sweden (GLF)[43]
Platinum 50,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[44]
3× Platinum 1,840,000[45]
United States (RIAA)[46]
3× Platinum 4,100,000[47]
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
Fatima Mansions version[edit]
The Irish band Fatima Mansions released a heavily altered cover of the song as part of an NME tribute album in aid of the charity, the Spastics Society.[48] The single was a double A-side with the Manic Street Preachers' version of "Suicide Is Painless". The single entered the UK top ten in 1992,[48] and reached number 12 in the Republic of Ireland.[49] However, The Manic Street Preachers song received most of the UK radio airplay.[48][50]
Brandy version[edit]
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
Single by Brandy
from the album Never Say Never
Released
September 28, 1999
Format
CD
digital download
Recorded
1998
Genre
Pop
R&B
Length
4:06
Label
Atlantic
Songwriter(s)
Bryan Adams
Michael Kamen
Robert "Mutt" Lange
Producer(s)
David Foster
Brandy singles chronology
"U Don't Know Me"
(1998) "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
(1999) "Never Say Never"
(2000)
"U Don't Know Me"
(1998) "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
(1999) "Never Say Never"
(2000)
American singer Brandy rerecorded "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" for the standard version of her second studio album Never Say Never (1998). Producer David Foster reworked the arrangement of the original song, with Dean Parks playing the acoustic guitar.
In 1999, her cover version was released as the album's final single on a double A-side with "U Don't Know Me" on the Oceanic music market, where it reached the top 30 of New Zealand's RIANZ singles chart.
Track listings[edit]
Australian CD single[51]
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" – 4:10
"U Don't Know Me" – 4:29
"Have You Ever?" (Soul Skank Remix) – 5:40
Credits and personnel[edit]
Credits are taken from Never Say Never liner notes.[52]
Composer – Bryan Adams, Michael Kamen, R.J. Lange
Production – David Foster
Acoustic guitar – Dean Parks
Electric guitar – Michael Thompson
Programming – Felipe Elgueta
Mixing – Tom Bender
Recording – Al Schmitt
Charts[edit]
Chart
Peak
position
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[53] 28
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d "The Billboard Hot 100 All-Time Top Songs (20-11)". Archived from the original on September 13, 2008. Retrieved January 2, 2010. . Billboard.
Jump up ^ Pareles, Jon (March 8, 1994). "Review/Pop; Bryan Adams, More Mr. Nice Guy". The New York Times. Retrieved February 20, 2014.
Jump up ^ Wilde, John (September 12, 2015). "Bryan Adams: Everything I Do was at No 1 for four months... but I wrote it in 45 minutes". Daily Mail. MailOnline. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Bryan Adams Songwriting Interview - Writing His Classic Hits". Songwriter Universe.
Jump up ^ Garcia, Alex S. "mvdbase.com - Bryan Adams - "(Everything I do) I do it for you [version 1: concept]"". Music Video DataBase. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Garcia, Alex S. "mvdbase.com - Bryan Adams - "(Everything I do) I do it for you [version 2: live]"". Music Video DataBase. Retrieved November 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ "(Everything I do) I do it for you in Official Charts". Retrieved March 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "RPM, Volume 54, August 31, 1991". collectionscanada.gc.ca. Archived from the original on January 23, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
Jump up ^ Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1991
Jump up ^ "1992 Grammy Awards". metrolyrics.com. Archived from the original on February 9, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
Jump up ^ "The 64th Academy Awards (1991) Nominees and Winners". oscarguy.com. Archived from the original on January 24, 2009. Retrieved January 1, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You". ARIA Top 50 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50.
Jump up ^ "(Everything I do) I do it for you in Canadian Adult Contemporary Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved June 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ "(Everything I do) I do it for you in Canadian Top Singles Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved June 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ Nyman, Jake (2005). Suomi soi 4: Suuri suomalainen listakirja (in Finnish) (1st ed.). Helsinki: Tammi. ISBN 951-31-2503-3.
Jump up ^ "Lescharts.com – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You" (in French). Les classement single.
Jump up ^ "Musicline.de – Bryan Adams Single-Chartverfolgung" (in German). Media Control Charts. PhonoNet GmbH.
Jump up ^ Irish Single Chart Irishcharts.ie (Retrieved April 10, 2008)
Jump up ^ "Hit Parade Italia - Indice per Interprete: A". Hit Parade Italia. Archived from the original on March 25, 2015. Retrieved July 6, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – Bryan Adams" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You" (in Dutch). Single Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You". Top 40 Singles.
Jump up ^ "Norwegiancharts.com – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You". VG-lista.
Jump up ^ Salaverri, Fernando (September 2005). Sólo éxitos: año a año, 1959–2002 (1st ed.). Spain: Fundación Autor-SGAE. ISBN 84-8048-639-2.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You". Singles Top 100.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You". Swiss Singles Chart.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
Jump up ^ Billboard Billboard.com (Retrieved April 10, 2008)
Jump up ^ http://www.billboard.com/music/bryan-adams/chart-history/hot-mainstream-rock-tracks/song/26938
Jump up ^ 1991 Australian Singles Chart aria.com (Retrieved February 10, 2016)
Jump up ^ "RPM 100 Hit Tracks of 1991". RPM. Retrieved November 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Top Selling Singles of 1991". Retrieved April 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Billboard Top 100 – 1991". Archived from the original on July 7, 2009. Retrieved September 15, 2009.
Jump up ^ Geoff Mayfield (December 25, 1999). 1999 The Year in Music Totally '90s: Diary of a Decade – The listing of Top Pop Albums of the '90s & Hot 100 Singles of the '90s. Billboard. Retrieved October 15, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Accreditation Awards". Australian Fun Countdowns. April 7, 2011. Retrieved June 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Austrian single certifications – Bryan Adams – Everything I Do ..." (in German). IFPI Austria. Enter Bryan Adams in the field Interpret. Enter Everything I Do ... in the field Titel. Select single in the field Format. Click Suchen
Jump up ^ "Canadian single certifications – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It For You". Music Canada.
Jump up ^ "French single certifications – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It For You" (in French). InfoDisc. Select BRYAN ADAMS and click OK
Jump up ^ "Les Singles en Or :". Infodisc.fr (in French). Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved June 5, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Bryan Adams; '(Everything I Do) I Do It For You')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie.
Jump up ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat − År 1987−1998" (PDF) (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Bryan Adams – (Everything I Do) I Do It For You". British Phonographic Industry. Select singles in the Format field. Select Platinum in the Certification field. Enter (Everything I Do) I Do It For You in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ Myers, Justin (February 11, 2017). "These are the UK's 20 biggest selling love ballads of all time". Official Charts Company. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Adams, Bryan – (Everything I Do) I Do It For You". Recording Industry Association of America. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ Sandiford-Waller, Theda (November 9, 1996). "Hot 100 Singles Spotlight". Billboard. BPI Communications Inc. 108 (45): 83. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved February 26, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 196. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ "The Irish Charts". irishcharts.ie. Retrieved 8 September 2014. Search by Artist: Fatima Mansions
Jump up ^ Nick Dale, "Fatima Mansions" in Peter Buckley (ed.) The Rough Guide To Rock.London; Rough Guides, 2003 ISBN 1843531054 (p. 364).
Jump up ^ "Brandy (2)– (Everything I Do) I Do It For You (Australian CD Single)". Discogs. Retrieved February 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ Never Say Never (Media notes). Atlantic Records. 1998.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Brandy – (Everything I Do) I Do It For You". Top 40 Singles. Retrieved 23 May 2011.
External links[edit]
Allmusic.com article on Waking Up The Neighbours
show
v
t
e
Bryan Adams
Discography
Videography
Awards and nominations
Backing band
Studio albums
Bryan Adams
You Want It You Got It
Cuts Like a Knife
Reckless
Into the Fire
Waking Up the Neighbours
18 til I Die
On a Day Like Today
Room Service
11
Tracks of My Years
Get Up!
Live albums
Live! Live! Live!
MTV Unplugged
Live at the Budokan
Bare Bones
Live at Sydney Opera House
Soundtracks
Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron
Colour Me Kubrick
Compilations
So Far So Good
The Best of Me
Anthology
Icon
Ultimate
Singles
"Let Me Take You Dancing"
"Straight from the Heart"
"Cuts Like a Knife"
"This Time"
"I'm Ready"
"Run to You"
"Somebody"
"Heaven"
"Summer of '69"
"One Night Love Affair"
"It's Only Love"
"Diana"
"Christmas Time"
"Heat of the Night"
"Hearts on Fire"
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
"Can't Stop This Thing We Started"
"There Will Never Be Another Tonight"
"Thought I'd Died and Gone to Heaven"
"Do I Have to Say the Words?"
"Please Forgive Me"
"The Only Thing That Looks Good on Me Is You"
"Let's Make a Night to Remember"
"Star"
"18 til I Die"
"I'll Always Be Right There"
"Back to You"
"I'm Ready"
"On a Day Like Today"
"When You're Gone"
"Cloud Number Nine"
"The Best of Me"
"Cloud Number Nine (Chicane Mix)"
"Inside Out"
"Here I Am"
"Open Road"
"Flying"
"Room Service"
"This Side of Paradise"
"Why Do You Have to Be So Hard to Love?"
"When You're Gone"
"I Thought I'd Seen Everything"
"Tonight We Have the Stars"
"You've Been a Friend to Me"
"One World, One Flame"
Collaborations
"All for Love"
"Have You Ever Really Loved a Woman?"
"Rock Steady"
"I Finally Found Someone"
"Don't Give Up"
"Bang the Drum"
"Feels Like Home"
Videography
MTV Unplugged
Live at the Budokan
Live in Lisbon
Live at Sydney Opera House
Musicals
Pretty Woman
Book
Category
Portal
show
v
t
e
Brandy Norwood songs
Brandy
"Baby"
"Best Friend"
"Brokenhearted"
"I Wanna Be Down"
Never Say Never
"Almost Doesn't Count"
"Angel in Disguise"
"(Everything I Do) I Do It for You"
"Have You Ever?"
"Never Say Never"
"The Boy Is Mine"
"Top of the World"
"U Don't Know Me (Like U Used To)"
Full Moon
"Another Day in Paradise"
"Die Without You"
"Full Moon"
"He Is"
"What About Us?"
Afrodisiac
"Afrodisiac"
"Should I Go"
"Talk About Our Love"
"Turn It Up"
"Who Is She 2 U"
Human
"Long Distance"
"Right Here (Departed)"
"True"
Two Eleven
"Put It Down"
"Scared of Beautiful"
"Wildest Dreams"
Other songs
"Beggin & Pleadin"
"It All Belongs to Me"
"Magic"
"Missing You"
"Optimistic"
"Rock with You"
"Sittin' Up in My Room"
"Stuff Like That"
"Talk to Me"
"The Girl Is Mine"
"Wake Up Everybody"
"We Are the World 25 for Haiti"
"Where Are You Now?"
show
v
t
e
Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media
1988–1990
1988: "Somewhere Out There"
1989: "Two Hearts"
1990: "Let the River Run"
1991–2000
1991: "Under the Sea"
1992: "(Everything I Do) I Do It For You"
1993: "Beauty and the Beast"
1994: "A Whole New World"
1995: "Streets of Philadelphia"
1996: "Colors of the Wind"
1997: "Because You Loved Me"
1998: "I Believe I Can Fly"
1999: "My Heart Will Go On"
2000: "Beautiful Stranger"
2001–2010
2001: "When She Loved Me"
2002: "Boss of Me"
2003: "If I Didn't Have You"
2004: "A Mighty Wind"
2005: "Into the West"
2006: "Believe"
2007: "Our Town"
2008: "Love You I Do"
2009: "Down to Earth"
2010: "Jai Ho"
2011–present
2011: "The Weary Kind"
2012: "I See the Light"
2013: "Safe & Sound"
2014: "Skyfall"
2015: "Let It Go"
2016 "Glory"
2017: "Can't Stop the Feeling!"
2018: "How Far I'll Go"
show
v
t
e
Billboard Year-End number one singles (1980–1999)
1980: "Call Me" – Blondie
1981: "Bette Davis Eyes" – Kim Carnes
1982: "Physical" – Olivia Newton-John
1983: "Every Breath You Take" – The Police
1984: "When Doves Cry" – Prince
1985: "Careless Whisper" – Wham! featuring George Michael
1986: "That's What Friends Are For" – Dionne & Friends
1987: "Walk Like an Egyptian" – The Bangles
1988: "Faith" – George Michael
1989: "Look Away" – Chicago
1990: "Hold On" – Wilson Phillips
1991: "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" – Bryan Adams
1992: "End of the Road" – Boyz II Men
1993: "I Will Always Love You" – Whitney Houston
1994: "The Sign" – Ace of Base
1995: "Gangsta's Paradise" – Coolio featuring L.V.
1996: "Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)" – Los del Río
1997: "Candle in the Wind 1997"/"Something About the Way You Look Tonight" – Elton John
1998: "Too Close" – Next
1999: "Believe" – Cher
Complete list
(1946–1959)
(1960–1979)
(1980–1999)
(2000–2019)
show
v
t
e
Best-selling singles by year in the United Kingdom
1952–1969
1952: "Auf Wiederseh'n Sweetheart" – Vera Lynn (UK)
1953: "I Believe" – Frankie Laine
1954: "Secret Love" – Doris Day
1955: "Rose Marie" – Slim Whitman
1956: "I'll Be Home" – Pat Boone
1957: "Diana" – Paul Anka
1958: "Jailhouse Rock" – Elvis Presley
1959: "Living Doll" – Cliff Richard (UK)
1960: "It's Now or Never" – Elvis Presley
1961: "Wooden Heart" – Elvis Presley
1962: "I Remember You" – Frank Ifield (UK)
1963: "She Loves You" – The Beatles (UK)
1964: "Can't Buy Me Love" – The Beatles (UK)
1965: "Tears" – Ken Dodd (UK)
1966: "Green, Green Grass of Home" – Tom Jones (UK)
1967: "Release Me" – Engelbert Humperdinck (UK)
1968: "Hey Jude" – The Beatles (UK)
1969: "Sugar, Sugar" – The Archies
1970–1989
1970: "The Wonder of You" – Elvis Presley
1971: "My Sweet Lord" – George Harrison (UK)
1972: "Amazing Grace" – The Royal Scots Dragoon Guards Band (UK)
1973: "Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree" – Tony Orlando and Dawn
1974: "Tiger Feet" – Mud (UK)
1975: "Bye Bye Baby" – Bay City Rollers (UK)
1976: "Save Your Kisses for Me" – Brotherhood of Man (UK)
1977: "Mull of Kintyre" / "Girls' School" – Wings (UK)
1978: "Rivers of Babylon" / "Brown Girl in the Ring" – Boney M.
1979: "Bright Eyes" – Art Garfunkel
1980: "Don't Stand So Close to Me" – The Police (UK)
1981: "Tainted Love" – Soft Cell (UK)
1982: "Come On Eileen" – Dexys Midnight Runners (UK)
1983: "Karma Chameleon" – Culture Club (UK)
1984: "Do They Know It's Christmas?" – Band Aid (UK)
1985: "The Power of Love" – Jennifer Rush
1986: "Don't Leave Me This Way" – The Communards (UK)
1987: "Never Gonna Give You Up" – Rick Astley (UK)
1988: "Mistletoe and Wine" – Cliff Richard (UK)
1989: "Ride on Time" – Black Box
1990–2009
1990: "Unchained Melody" – The Righteous Brothers
1991: "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" – Bryan Adams
1992: "I Will Always Love You" – Whitney Houston
1993: "I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)" – Meat Loaf
1994: "Love Is All Around" – Wet Wet Wet (UK)
1995: "Unchained Melody" – Robson & Jerome (UK)
1996: "Killing Me Softly" – Fugees
1997: "Something About the Way You Look Tonight" / "Candle in the Wind 1997" – Elton John (UK)
1998: "Believe" – Cher
1999: "...Baby One More Time" – Britney Spears
2000: "Can We Fix It?" – Bob the Builder (UK)
2001: "It Wasn't Me" – Shaggy featuring Rikrok (UK)
2002: "Anything Is Possible" / "Evergreen" – Will Young (UK)
2003: "Where Is the Love?" – The Black Eyed Peas
2004: "Do They Know It's Christmas?" – Band Aid 20 (UK)
2005: "Is This the Way to Amarillo" – Tony Christie featuring Peter Kay (UK)
2006: "Crazy" – Gnarls Barkley
2007: "Bleeding Love" – Leona Lewis (UK)
2008: "Hallelujah" – Alexandra Burke (UK)
2009: "Poker Face" – Lady Gaga
2010–present
2010: "Just the Way You Are" – Bruno Mars
2011: "Someone Like You" – Adele (UK)
2012: "Somebody That I Used to Know" – Gotye featuring Kimbra
2013: "Blurred Lines" – Robin Thicke featuring T.I. & Pharrell Williams
2014: "Happy" – Pharrell Williams
2015: "Uptown Funk" – Mark Ronson (UK) featuring Bruno Mars
2016: "One Dance" – Drake featuring Wizkid and Kyla (UK)
2017: "Shape of You" - Ed Sheeran (UK)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=(Everything_I_Do)_I_Do_It_for_You&oldid=850542256"
Categories:
1991 singles
1991 songs
1999 singles
A&M Records singles
Atlantic Records singles
Bryan Adams songs
Brandy Norwood songs
Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles
Number-one singles in Australia
Number-one singles in Austria
Number-one singles in Belgium
RPM Top Singles number-one singles
Number-one singles in Denmark
European Hot 100 Singles number-one singles
Number-one singles in Finland
SNEP Top Singles number-one singles
Number-one singles in Germany
Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
Dutch Top 40 number-one singles
Single Top 100 number-one singles
Number-one singles in Norway
Number-one singles in Sweden
Number-one singles in Switzerland
UK Singles Chart number-one singles
Songs written by Robert John "Mutt" Lange
Song recordings produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange
Songs written by Michael Kamen
Songs written by Bryan Adams
Robin Hood music
Rock ballads
Canadian soft rock songs
Music videos directed by Andy Morahan
Music videos directed by Julien Temple
1990s ballads
Contemporary R&B ballads
Pop ballads
Hidden categories:
CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)
CS1 German-language sources (de)
CS1 French-language sources (fr)
CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)
Use mdy dates from February 2017
Articles with hAudio microformats
Singlechart usages for Australia
Singlechart usages for Austria
Singlechart usages for Flanders
Singlechart usages for France
Singlechart usages for Germany
Singlechart usages for Dutch40
Singlechart usages for Dutch100
Singlechart usages for New Zealand
Singlechart usages for Norway
Singlechart usages for Sweden
Singlechart usages for Swiss
Singlechart usages for UK
Singlechart called without artist
Singlechart called without song
Certification Table Entry usages for Australia
Certification Table Entry usages for Austria
Certification Table Entry usages for Canada
Certification Table Entry usages for France
Certification Table Entry usages for Germany
Certification Table Entry usages for Sweden
Certification Table Entry usages for United Kingdom
Certification Table Entry usages for United States
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Azərbaycanca
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Հայերեն
Italiano
Magyar
മലയാളം
Nederlands
Polski
Português
Русский
Shqip
Sicilianu
Simple English
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
Tiếng Việt
中文
13 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 16 July 2018, at 14:44 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: tr

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: colspan style

attrs: href class title

values: Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves (soundtrack)

values:
/wiki/Gramophone_record
mw-redirect
Gramophone record

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em .2em 0;

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding:.2em .1em;

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em 0 .2em .1em;

values: background: transparent; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse;

values: width:33%; padding:.2em .1em .2em 0; text-align: center;

values: width:33%; padding:.2em .1em; text-align: center;

values: width:33%; padding:.2em 0 .2em .1em; text-align: center;

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 110px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -27.5px;

values:
mwPlayerContainer k-player videoHolder
width: 220px; position: relative;

values: File:(Everything I Do) I Do It For You.ogg

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help
mw-redirect
Wikipedia:Media help

values:
hlist hlist-separated
font-size: smaller

values: font-family: Arial Unicode MS, Lucida Sans Unicode;

values: Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media

values:
/wiki/1992_Grammy_Awards
mw-redirect
1992 Grammy Awards

values:
/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Song
mw-redirect
Academy Award for Best Song

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Eurochart_Hot_100
mw-redirect
Eurochart Hot 100

values:
/wiki/Suomen_virallinen_lista
mw-redirect
Suomen virallinen lista

values: Syndicat National de l'Édition Phonographique

values: Federation of the Italian Music Industry

values: Australian Recording Industry Association

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

attrs: scope data-sort-type class tabindex role title

values:
col
number
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: International Federation of the Phonographic Industry

values: Recording Industry Association of America

values: wikitable sortable plainrowheaders jquery-tablesorter

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
/wiki/Tribute_album
mw-redirect
Tribute album

values:
/wiki/Airplay_(radio)
mw-redirect
Airplay (radio)

values: Brandy Norwood – (Everything I Do) I Do It for You.jpg

values: Recording Industry Association of New Zealand

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=695

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.mvdbase.com/video.php?id=702

values: Billboard Year-End Hot 100 singles of 1991

values:
nofollow
external text
http://nztop40.co.nz/chart/?chart=3880

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.ifpi.at/?section=goldplatin

values:
nofollow
https://www.bpi.co.uk/brit-certified/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmusic.com/album/r131

values:
Bryan_Adams
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values: List of awards and nominations received by Bryan Adams

values: List of Bryan Adams backing band members

values:
*_Discography
*_Videography
*_Awards_and_nominations
*_Backing_band

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

values:
/wiki/MTV_Unplugged_(Bryan_Adams_album)
mw-redirect
MTV Unplugged (Bryan Adams album)

values: Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron (soundtrack)

values:
/wiki/Icon_(Bryan_Adams_album)
mw-redirect
Icon (Bryan Adams album)

values: The Only Thing That Looks Good on Me Is You

values: Rock Steady (Bonnie Raitt and Bryan Adams song)

values:
/wiki/Bang_the_Drum_(Bryan_Adams_song)
mw-redirect
Bang the Drum (Bryan Adams song)

values: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
Brandy_Norwood_songs
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values: Missing You (Brandy, Gladys Knight, Tamia, and Chaka Khan song)

values: Talk to Me (Brandy, Ray J and Willie Norwood song)

values: Template:Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media

values: Template talk:Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media

values:
/wiki/(Everything_I_Do)_I_Do_It_For_You
mw-redirect
(Everything I Do) I Do It For You

values:
/wiki/Believe_(The_Polar_Express_song)
mw-redirect
Believe (The Polar Express song)

values:
/wiki/Our_Town_(Randy_Newman_song)
mw-redirect
Our Town (Randy Newman song)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Template:Billboard Year-End number one singles 1980–1999

values: Template talk:Billboard Year-End number one singles 1980–1999

values: Something About the Way You Look Tonight

values: Template:Billboard Year-End number one singles

values: Template:Billboard Year-End number one singles 1946–1959

values: Template:Billboard Year-End number one singles 1960–1979

values: Template:Billboard Year-End number one singles 2000–2019

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Template:UK best-selling singles (by year)

values: Template talk:UK best-selling singles (by year)

values: List of best-selling singles by year in the United Kingdom

values: Tie a Yellow Ribbon Round the Ole Oak Tree

values: I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)

values:
/wiki/Is_This_the_Way_to_Amarillo
mw-redirect
Is This the Way to Amarillo

values: Category:Grammy Award for Best Song Written for Visual Media

values: Category:Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles

values: Category:Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles

values: Category:Number-one singles in Australia

values: Category:RPM Top Singles number-one singles

values: Category:European Hot 100 Singles number-one singles

values: Category:SNEP Top Singles number-one singles

values: Category:Irish Singles Chart number-one singles

values: Category:Dutch Top 40 number-one singles

values: Category:Single Top 100 number-one singles

values: Category:Number-one singles in Switzerland

values: Category:UK Singles Chart number-one singles

values: Category:Songs written by Robert John "Mutt" Lange

values: Category:Song recordings produced by Robert John "Mutt" Lange

values: Category:Music videos directed by Andy Morahan

values: Category:Music videos directed by Julien Temple

values: Category:CS1 Finnish-language sources (fi)

values: Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)

values: Category:CS1 French-language sources (fr)

values: Category:CS1 Swedish-language sources (sv)

values: Category:Use mdy dates from February 2017

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Australia

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Flanders

values: Category:Singlechart usages for Dutch100

values: Category:Singlechart usages for New Zealand

values: Category:Singlechart called without artist

values: Category:Singlechart called without song

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Australia

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Austria

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Canada

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for France

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Germany

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Sweden

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for United Kingdom

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for United States

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/(Everything_I_Do)_I_Do_It_for_You
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Azerbaijani

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Danish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – German

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Spanish

values: (هرچه می‌کنم) به‌خاطر تو می‌کنم – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – French

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Italian

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You (Brandy-dal) – Hungarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: (എവേരിതിങ് ഐ ഡു) ഐ ഡു ഇറ്റ് ഫോർ യു – Malayalam

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Dutch

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Polish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Portuguese

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Russian

values: Everything I do, I do it for you – Albanian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sq
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Sicilian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Simple English

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Finnish

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Swedish

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Turkish

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Vietnamese

values: (Everything I Do) I Do It for You – Chinese

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-_Everything_I_Do_I_Do_It_for_You rootpage-_Everything_I_Do_I_Do_It_for_You skin-vector action-view


text:
The Last Supper (Leonardo da Vinci)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Last Supper
Il Cenacolo or L'Ultima Cena
Artist
Leonardo da Vinci
Year
1494
Medium
fresco-secco
Movement
Renaissance
Subject
Last Supper
Dimensions
460 cm (180 in) × 880 cm (350 in)
Location
Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy
Coordinates
45°28′00″N 9°10′15″E / 45.466666666667°N 9.1708333333333°E / 45.466666666667; 9.1708333333333Coordinates: 45°28′00″N 9°10′15″E / 45.466666666667°N 9.1708333333333°E / 45.466666666667; 9.1708333333333
Commissioned by
Ludovico Sforza
Website
legraziemilano.it/il-cenacolo/
[edit on Wikidata]
The Last Supper (Italian: Il Cenacolo [il tʃeˈnaːkolo] or L'Ultima Cena [ˈlultima ˈtʃeːna]) is a late 15th-century mural painting by Leonardo da Vinci housed by the refectory of the Convent of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan. It is one of the world's most recognizable paintings.[1]
The work is presumed to have been commenced around 1495–1496 and was commissioned as part of a plan of renovations to the church and its convent buildings by Leonardo's patron Ludovico Sforza, Duke of Milan. The painting represents the scene of The Last Supper of Jesus with his disciples, as it is told in the Gospel of John, 13:21. Leonardo has depicted the consternation that occurred among the Twelve Disciples when Jesus announced that one of them would betray him.
Due to the methods used, a variety of environmental factors, and intentional damage, very little of the original painting remains today despite numerous restoration attempts, the last being completed in 1999.
Contents
[hide]
1 Painting
1.1 Important copies
2 Medium
3 Damage and restorations
3.1 Major restoration
4 The Last Supper in culture
4.1 Painting, mosaic, and photography
4.2 Modern art
4.3 Literature
4.4 Film and television
5 Other speculation
6 Notes
7 Further reading
8 External links
Painting[edit]
Crucifixion, opposite Leonardo's Last Supper
The Last Supper, ca. 1520, by Giovanni Pietro Rizzoli, called Giampietrino (active 1508-1549), after Leonardo da Vinci, oil on canvas, currently in the collection of The Royal Academy of Arts, London; full-scale copy that was the main source for the twenty-year restoration of the original (1978-1998). It includes several lost details such as Christ's feet and the salt cellar spilled by Judas. Giampietrino is thought to have worked closely with Leonardo when he was in Milan.
The Last Supper, ca. 1520, Andrea Solari, after Leonardo da Vinci, oil on canvas, currently in the Leonardo da Vinci Museum, Tongerlo Abbey.
The Last Supper measures 460 cm × 880 cm (180 in × 350 in) and covers an end wall of the dining hall at the monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie in Milan, Italy. The theme was a traditional one for refectories, although the room was not a refectory at the time that Leonardo painted it. The main church building had only recently been completed (in 1498), but was remodeled by Bramante, hired by Ludovico Sforza to build a Sforza family mausoleum.[2] The painting was commissioned by Sforza to be the centerpiece of the mausoleum.[3] The lunettes above the main painting, formed by the triple arched ceiling of the refectory, are painted with Sforza coats-of-arms. The opposite wall of the refectory is covered by the Crucifixion fresco by Giovanni Donato da Montorfano, to which Leonardo added figures of the Sforza family in tempera. (These figures have deteriorated in much the same way as has The Last Supper.) Leonardo began work on The Last Supper in 1495 and completed it in 1498—he did not work on the painting continuously. The beginning date is not certain, as the archives of the convent for the period have been destroyed, and a document dated 1497 indicates that the painting was nearly completed at that date.[4] One story goes that a prior from the monastery complained to Leonardo about the delay, enraging him. He wrote to the head of the monastery, explaining he had been struggling to find the perfect villainous face for Judas, and that if he could not find a face corresponding with what he had in mind, he would use the features of the prior who complained.[5][6]
A study for The Last Supper from Leonardo's notebooks showing nine apostles identified by names written above their heads
The Last Supper specifically portrays the reaction given by each apostle when Jesus said one of them would betray him. All twelve apostles have different reactions to the news, with various degrees of anger and shock. The apostles are identified from a manuscript[7] (The Notebooks of Leonardo da Vinci p. 232) with their names found in the 19th century. (Before this, only Judas, Peter, John and Jesus were positively identified.) From left to right, according to the apostles' heads:
Bartholomew, James, son of Alphaeus, and Andrew form a group of three; all are surprised.
Judas Iscariot, Peter, and John form another group of three. Judas is wearing green and blue and is in shadow, looking rather withdrawn and taken aback by the sudden revelation of his plan. He is clutching a small bag, perhaps signifying the silver given to him as payment to betray Jesus, or perhaps a reference to his role within the 12 disciples as treasurer.[8] He is also tipping over the salt cellar. This may be related to the near-Eastern expression to "betray the salt" meaning to betray one's Master. He is the only person to have his elbow on the table and his head is also horizontally the lowest of anyone in the painting. Peter looks angry and is holding a knife pointed away from Christ, perhaps foreshadowing his violent reaction in Gethsemane during Jesus' arrest. The youngest apostle, John, appears to swoon.
Jesus
Apostle Thomas, James the Greater, and Philip are the next group of three. Thomas is clearly upset; the raised index finger foreshadows his incredulity of the Resurrection. James the Greater looks stunned, with his arms in the air. Meanwhile, Philip appears to be requesting some explanation.
Matthew, Jude Thaddeus, and Simon the Zealot are the final group of three. Both Jude Thaddeus and Matthew are turned toward Simon, perhaps to find out if he has any answer to their initial questions.
External video
Leonardo's Last Supper, Smarthistory[9]
In common with other depictions of the Last Supper from this period, Leonardo seats the diners on one side of the table, so that none of them has his back to the viewer. Most previous depictions excluded Judas by placing him alone on the opposite side of the table from the other eleven disciples and Jesus, or placing halos around all the disciples except Judas. Leonardo instead has Judas lean back into shadow. Jesus is predicting that his betrayer will take the bread at the same time he does to Saints Thomas and James to his left, who react in horror as Jesus points with his left hand to a piece of bread before them. Distracted by the conversation between John and Peter, Judas reaches for a different piece of bread not noticing Jesus too stretching out with his right hand towards it (Matthew 26: 23). The angles and lighting draw attention to Jesus, whose head is located at the vanishing point for all perspective lines.
The painting contains several references to the number 3, which represents the Christian belief in the Holy Trinity. The Apostles are seated in groupings of three; there are three windows behind Jesus; and the shape of Jesus' figure resembles a triangle. There may have been other references that have since been lost as the painting deteriorated.
Important copies[edit]
Two early copies of The Last Supper are known to exist, presumed to be work by Leonardo's assistants. The copies are almost the size of the original, and have survived with a wealth of original detail still intact.[10] One copy, by Giampietrino, is in the collection of the Royal Academy of Arts, London, and the other, by Cesare da Sesto, is installed at the Church of St. Ambrogio in Ponte Capriasca, Switzerland. A third copy (oil on canvas) is painted by Andrea Solari (ca. 1520) and is currently at display in the Leonardo da Vinci Museum of the Tongerlo Abbey, Belgium.
Medium[edit]
For this work, Leonardo sought a greater detail and luminosity than could be achieved with traditional fresco.[11] He painted The Last Supper on a dry wall rather than on wet plaster, so it is not a true fresco. Because a fresco cannot be modified as the artist works, Leonardo instead chose to seal the stone wall with a double layer of dried plaster.[11] Then, borrowing from panel painting, he added an undercoat of white lead to enhance the brightness of the oil and tempera that was applied on top. This was a method that had been described previously, by Cennino Cennini in the 14th century. However, Cennini had recommended the use of secco for the final touches alone.[12] These techniques were important for Leonardo's desire to work slowly on the painting, giving him sufficient time to develop the gradual shading or chiaroscuro that was essential in his style.
Damage and restorations[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (May 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A protective structure was built in front of the da Vinci wall fresco. This photo shows the bombing damage in 1943, suggesting the magnitude of the greater damage that was averted.
Because the painting was on a thin exterior wall, the effects of humidity were felt more keenly, and the paint failed to properly adhere to the wall. Because of the method used, soon after the painting was completed on February 9, 1498 it began to deteriorate.[11] As early as 1517, the painting was starting to flake. By 1556—fewer than sixty years after it was finished—Leonardo's biographer Giorgio Vasari described the painting as already "ruined" and so deteriorated that the figures were unrecognizable. By the second half of the sixteenth century Gian Paolo Lomazzo stated that "the painting is all ruined".[11] In 1652, a doorway was cut through the (then unrecognisable) painting, and later bricked up; this can still be seen as the irregular arch shaped structure near the center base of the painting. It is believed, through early copies, that Jesus' feet were in a position symbolizing the forthcoming crucifixion. In 1768, a curtain was hung over the painting for the purpose of protection; it instead trapped moisture on the surface, and whenever the curtain was pulled back, it scratched the flaking paint.
A first restoration was attempted in 1726 by Michelangelo Bellotti, who filled in missing sections with oil paint then varnished the whole mural. This repair did not last well and another restoration was attempted in 1770 by an otherwise unknown artist named Giuseppe Mazza. Mazza stripped off Bellotti's work then largely repainted the painting; he had redone all but three faces when he was halted due to public outrage. In 1796, French revolutionary anti-clerical troops used the refectory as an armory; they threw stones at the painting and climbed ladders to scratch out the Apostles' eyes. The refectory was then later used as a prison; it is not known if any of the prisoners may have damaged the painting. In 1821, Stefano Barezzi, an expert in removing whole frescoes from their walls intact, was called in to remove the painting to a safer location; he badly damaged the center section before realizing that Leonardo's work was not a fresco. Barezzi then attempted to reattach damaged sections with glue. From 1901 to 1908, Luigi Cavenaghi first completed a careful study of the structure of the painting, then began cleaning it. In 1924, Oreste Silvestri did further cleaning, and stabilised some parts with stucco.
During World War II, on August 15, 1943, the refectory was struck by Allied bombing; protective sandbagging prevented the painting from being struck by bomb splinters, but it may have been damaged further by the vibration. From 1951 to 1954, another clean-and-stabilise restoration was undertaken by Mauro Pelliccioli.
Major restoration[edit]
The painting as it looked in the 1970s
The painting's appearance by the late 1970s had become badly deteriorated. From 1978 to 1999, Pinin Brambilla Barcilon guided a major restoration project which undertook to stabilize the painting, and reverse the damage caused by dirt and pollution. The 18th- and 19th-century restoration attempts were also reverted. Since it had proved impractical to move the painting to a more controlled environment, the refectory was instead converted to a sealed, climate-controlled environment, which meant bricking up the windows. Then, detailed study was undertaken to determine the painting's original form, using scientific tests (especially infrared reflectoscopy and microscopic core-samples), and original cartoons preserved in the Royal Library at Windsor Castle. Some areas were deemed unrestorable. These were re-painted using watercolor in subdued colors intended to indicate they were not original work, while not being too distracting.
This restoration took 21 years and, on 28 May 1999, the painting was returned to display. Intending visitors were required to book ahead and could only stay for 15 minutes. When it was unveiled, considerable controversy was aroused by the dramatic changes in colors, tones, and even some facial shapes. James Beck, professor of art history at Columbia University and founder of ArtWatch International, had been a particularly strong critic.[13] Michael Daley, director of ArtWatch UK, has also complained about the restored version of the painting. He has been critical of Christ's right arm in the image which has been altered from a draped sleeve to what Daley calls "muff-like drapery".[14]
The Last Supper in culture[edit]
The Last Supper made in salt in Wieliczka Salt Mine (Poland)
The Last Supper has frequently been referenced, reproduced, or parodied in Western culture. Some of the more notable examples are:
Painting, mosaic, and photography[edit]
A 16th-century oil on canvas copy is conserved in the abbey of Tongerlo, Antwerp, Belgium. It reveals many details that are no longer visible on the original.[citation needed] The Roman mosaic artist Giacomo Raffaelli made another life-sized copy (1809–1814) in the Viennese Minoritenkirche.[citation needed]
Modern art[edit]
In 1955, Salvador Dalí painted The Sacrament of the Last Supper, with Jesus portrayed as blond and clean shaven, pointing upward to a spectral torso while the apostles are gathered around the table heads bowed so that none may be identified. It is reputed to be one of the most popular paintings in the collection of the National Gallery of Art in Washington, D.C.
In 1986, Andy Warhol was commissioned to produce a series of paintings based on The Last Supper that were exhibited initially in Milan. This was his last series of paintings before his death.[15]
Sculptor Marisol Escobar rendered The Last Supper as a life-sized, three-dimensional, sculptural assemblage using painted and drawn wood, plywood, brownstone, plaster, and aluminum. This work, Self-Portrait Looking at The Last Supper, (1982–84) is in New York's Metropolitan Museum of Art.[16]
In 2001, Chinese artist Zeng Fanzhi painted Last Supper, showing 13 mask-wearing people seated at a table strewn with watermelon fragments. The oil painting was sold for $23.3 million at Sotheby's auction on October 7, 2013, setting a new record for contemporary Asian artwork.[17]
In 1998, modern artist Vik Muniz displayed a recreation of The Last Supper, made entirely out of Bosco Chocolate Syrup.[18]
Literature[edit]
Author Mary Shelley describes her impression of the painting in her travel narrative, Rambles in Germany and Italy published in 1844:
First we visited the fading inimitable fresco of Leonardo da Vinci. How vain are copies! not in one, nor in any print, did i ever see the slightest approach to the expression in our Savior's face, such as it is in the original. Majesty and love—these are the words that would describe it—joined to an absence of all guile that expresses the divine nature more visibly than I ever saw it in any other picture.[19]
— Mary Shelley, Travel Writing (1996), Pages 131–132
Film and television[edit]
In Luis Buñuel's Spanish film Viridiana, a tableau vivant of Leonardo's painting is staged with beggars. Another beggar 'photographs' the scene by flashing them. This scene contributed to its refusal by the Vatican who called it "blasphemous."
The painting is parodied in Mel Brooks's movie History of the World, Part I, making Leonardo a contemporary of Jesus.
Many parodies of the painting appear on the small screen, including The Simpsons' Season 16 episode "Thank God, It's Doomsday," with Homer as Jesus and Moe and his other patrons as the disciples; That '70s Show's first-season episode "Streaking," with Eric flanked by his friends (and Jackie wondering why everyone is sitting on the same side of the table); and South Park's Season 13 episode "Margaritaville," with Kyle and his friends eating at a pizza parlor.
Other speculation[edit]
The Last Supper has been the target of much speculation by writers and historical revisionists alike, usually centered on purported hidden messages or hints found within the painting, especially since the publication of the novel The Da Vinci Code by Dan Brown in 2003.
Dan Brown proposed that the person to Jesus' right (left of Jesus from the viewer's perspective), was not John the Apostle, but Mary Magdalene. This speculation originated in earlier books The Templar Revelation (1997) by Lynn Picknett and The Holy Blood and the Holy Grail by Michael Baigent, Henry Lincoln and Richard Leigh (1982). These claims have been contested by other writers, such as Carl E. Olsen and Sandra Miesel in The Da Vinci Hoax, as well as by art historians. Christopher Hodapp and Alice Von Kannon commented "If he [John] looks effeminate and needs a haircut, so does James, the second figure on the left, the one with the sort of Bette Midler look about him". [20]
Giovanni Maria Pala, an Italian musician, has indicated that the positions of hands and loaves of bread can be interpreted as notes on a musical staff and, if read from right to left, as was characteristic of Leonardo's writing, form a musical composition.[21][22][23]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Leonardo Da Vinci's 'The Last Supper' reveals more secrets". sciencedaily.com. Retrieved March 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Santa Maria delle Grazie & The Last Supper". Timeout.com. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Leonardo's Itinerary: Early maturity in Milan (1482-1499)". Museo Galileo. 5 March 2008. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ Kenneth Clark.Leonardo da Vinci, Penguin Books 1939, 1993, p144.
Jump up ^ "The Last Supper". lairweb.org.nz. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ "DaVinci". The Mark Steel Lectures. Series 2. Episode 2. The Open University. 7 October 2003. BBC. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ "The Notebooks of Leonardo Da Vinci—Complete by Leonardo da Vinci". Gutenberg.org. 1 January 2004. Retrieved 2012-02-14.
Jump up ^ Cfr. Matthew 26:15; John 12:6 and 13:29.
Jump up ^ "Leonardo's Last Supper". Smarthistory at Khan Academy. Retrieved February 11, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Last Supper (copy after Leonardo)". University of the Arts, London. Retrieved 2008-08-11.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Leonardo's Last Supper". Smart history presented by the Khan Academy. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Last Supper". The Last Supper. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
Jump up ^ Phillip William (24 May 1999). "The Last Supper or a dog's dinner?". The Guardian. guardian.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ Dayla Alberge (14 March 2012). "Have art restorers ruined Leonardo's masterpiece?". The Independent. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ Haden-Guest, Anthony (3 August 1999). "Warhol's Last Supper". Artnet. Retrieved 2010-03-12.
Jump up ^ "Self-Portrait Looking at The Last Supper". Metropolitan Museum of Art. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Zeng’s ‘Last Supper’ Sells for Record $23.3 Million at Sotheby’s Auction". WSJ.com. October 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ Goldberg, Vicki (25 September 1998). "ART REVIEW; It's a Leonardo? It's a Corot? Well, No, It's Chocolate Syrup". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ Shelley, Mary (1996). Travel Writing. London: Pickering. pp. 131–132. ISBN 1-85196-084-8.
Jump up ^ Christopher Hodapp, Alice Von Kannon, The Templar Code For Dummies, page 257 (Wiley Publishing, Inc., 2007. ISBN 978-0-470-12765-0).
Jump up ^ Rossella Lorenzi (9 November 2007). "Leonardo's 'Last Supper' Hides True Da Vinci Code". Discovery News. Retrieved 2012-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Da Vinci's "Last Supper" has hidden music (includes link to recording)". Extra.beloblog.com. Retrieved 2009-02-08.
Jump up ^ mp3 file of the composition, hosted.ap.org
Further reading[edit]
Steinberg, Leo. Leonardo's Incessant 'Last Supper'". New York: Zone Books, 2001.
Detailed review of Steinberg's 'Incessant Last Supper' at 3 Pipe Problem
Bertelli, Carlo (November 1983). "Restoration Reveals The Last Supper". National Geographic. Vol. 164 no. 5. pp. 664–684. ISSN 0027-9358. OCLC 643483454.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci.
Official website
Leonardo's Last Supper and the three layers
John the Apostle in Art
Leonardo da Vinci: anatomical drawings from the Royal Library, Windsor Castle, exhibition catalog fully online as PDF from The Metropolitan Museum of Art, which contains material on The Last Supper (see index)
Zoomable version
[show]
v
t
e
Last Supper in Christian art
Barocci
del Castagno
Cranach
Dali
Ghirlandaio
Perugino
Rosselli
Rubens
Tintoretto
da Vinci
Visual arts portal
Christianity portal
[show]
v
t
e
Leonardo da Vinci
List of works
Science and inventions
Personal life
Paintings
Medusa
The Annunciation
The Baptism of Christ
The Madonna of the Carnation
Ginevra de' Benci
Benois Madonna
The Adoration of the Magi
St. Jerome in the Wilderness
Madonna Litta
Virgin of the Rocks
Portrait of a Musician
Lady with an Ermine
La Belle Ferronnière
Salvator Mundi
Madonna of the Yarnwinder
The Virgin and Child with St. Anne
Mona Lisa
Head of a Woman (La Scapigliata)
Leda and the Swan
St. John the Baptist
Works on walls
The Last Supper
Sala delle Asse
The Battle of Anghiari
Sculptures
Sforza monument (unexecuted)
Horse and Rider
Rearing Horse and Mounted Warrior
Works on paper
Vitruvian Man
Portrait of a Young Fiancée
The Virgin and Child with St Anne and St John the Baptist
Self-portrait
Studies of the Fetus in the Womb
Manuscripts
Codex Arundel
Codex Atlanticus
Codex on the Flight of Birds
Codex Leicester
Codex Madrid
Codex Trivulzianus
Codex Urbinas
Other projects
De divina proportione
Architonnerre
Leonardo's crossbow
Leonardo's fighting vehicle
Leonardo's robot
Leonardo's self-propelled cart
Viola organista
Leonardeschi
Giovanni Antonio Boltraffio
Cesare da Sesto
Giampietrino
Giovanni Agostino da Lodi
Bernardino Luini
Cesare Magni
Marco d'Oggiono
Francesco Melzi
Giovanni Ambrogio de Predis
Salaì
Andrea Solari
Posthumous fame
Cultural references
Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations
Things named after da Vinci
Category
[show]
v
t
e
Tourism in Milan
Religious sites
Cathedral
Milan Cathedral
Basilica di Santa Tecla
Basilicas
S Ambrogio
S Calimero
S Carlo al Corso
S Eustorgio
Portinari Chapel
S Lorenzo
S Marco
S Maria delle Grazie
The Last Supper (Leonardo da Vinci)
S Maria della Passione
S Nazaro in Brolo
S Simpliciano
S Stefano Maggiore
S Vicenzo in Prato
S Vittore al Corpo
Churches
S Angelo
S Antonio Abate
S Barnaba
S Bernardino alle Ossa
S Cristoforo sul Naviglio
S Fedele
S Giorgio al Palazzo
S Giovanni in Conca
S Gottardo
S Maria del Carmine
S Maria della Pace
S Maria Incoronata
S Maria presso San Celso
S Maria presso San Satiro
S Maurizio al Monastero Maggiore
S Pietro in Gessate
S Sebastiano
S Sepolcro
Oratorio di San Protaso
Rotonda della Besana
Other
Chiaravalle Abbey
Garegnano Charterhouse
Mirasole Abbey
Museums and galleries
Alfa Romeo Museum
Armani/Silos
Bagatti Valsecchi Museum
Civic Aquarium
Galleria d'Arte Moderna
Gallerie di Piazza Scala
Palazzo Anguissola
Palazzo Brentani
Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano
Museo del Novecento
Museo del Risorgimento
Museo della Scienza e della Tecnologia "Leonardo da Vinci"
Museo Diocesano
Museo Poldi Pezzoli
Museo Teatrale alla Scala
Contemporary Art Pavilion
Pinacoteca di Brera
Sforza Castle
Antique Furniture & Wooden Sculpture Museum
Applied Arts Collection
Archaeological Museum
Egyptian Museum
Museum of Musical Instruments
Museo d'Arte Antica
Pinacoteca
Villas and palaces
Casa Campanini
Casa degli Omenoni
Casa di Riposo per Musicisti
Casa Manzoni
Casa Panigarola
Castello Cova
Palazzo dell'Arengario
Palazzo della Banca Commerciale Italiana
Palazzo Belgioioso
Palazzo Borromeo
Palazzo Carminati
Palazzo Castiglioni
Palazzo dei Giureconsulti
Palazzo Mezzanotte
Palazzo della Ragione
Palazzo delle Scuole Palatine
Palazzo del Senato
Royal Palace of Milan
Villa Belgiojoso Bonaparte
Libraries
Biblioteca Ambrosiana
Biblioteca di Brera
Theatres
La Scala
Piccolo Teatro
Teatro degli Arcimboldi
Teatro Dal Verme
Teatro Lirico
Squares and public spaces
Galleria Vittorio Emanuele II
Piazza Cordusio
Piazza del Duomo
Piazza della Scala
Piazza Mercanti
Streets and canals
Corso Buenos Aires
Navigli
Quadrilatero della moda
Via della Spiga
Via Monte Napoleone
Gardens and parks
Basilicas Park
Giardini Pubblici Indro Montanelli
Orto Botanico di Brera
Orto Botanico di Cascina Rosa
Parco Sempione
Villa Litta Modignani
Events and traditions
EICMA
Expo 2015
Milan Fashion Week
Milan Furniture Fair
Milan International (1906)
Oh bej! Oh bej!
Triennale
Districts of Milan
Trams in Milan
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 175915680
GND: 4195043-4
SUDOC: 02850223X
BNF: cb12032553h (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Last_Supper_(Leonardo_da_Vinci)&oldid=800892818"
Categories:
Tourist attractions in Milan
1498 paintings
Last Supper
Food and drink paintings
Fresco paintings
Paintings by Leonardo da Vinci
Paintings depicting Jesus
Roman Catholic Church paintings
Hidden categories:
Coordinates on Wikidata
Articles with infoboxes completely from Wikidata
Articles containing Italian-language text
Articles needing additional references from May 2012
All articles needing additional references
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from February 2016
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
العربية
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Български
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Gaeilge
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
Hrvatski
Ilokano
IsiZulu
Italiano
עברית
ಕನ್ನಡ
ქართული
Қазақша
Latina
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Limburgs
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
Malti
मराठी
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Shqip
Sicilianu
සිංහල
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
தமிழ்
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
Winaray
粵語
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 16 September 2017, at 10:05.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-size: 125%; font-weight: bold; font-style: italic

value: td

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: scope style

attrs: href title

attrs: alt src width height style srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
nofollow
http://legraziemilano.it/il-cenacolo/
external text

values: width:22em;width: 22em; line-height: 1.4em; text-align: left; float:right;

values: Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

values:
/wiki/Apostle_(Christian)
mw-redirect
Apostle (Christian)

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Arts,_London
mw-redirect
Royal Academy of Arts, London

values:
/wiki/Saint_Andrew
mw-redirect
Saint Andrew

values:
/wiki/Saint_Matthew
mw-redirect
Saint Matthew

values: width:22em;width: 210px; float: right; clear: right; margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
/wiki/Armory_(military)
mw-redirect
Armory (military)

values:
/wiki/Luigi_Cavenaghi
mw-redirect
Luigi Cavenaghi

values: Edit section: The Last Supper in culture

values: Edit section: Painting, mosaic, and photography

values:
/wiki/Abbey_of_Tongerlo
mw-redirect
Abbey of Tongerlo

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2016)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Carl_E._Olsen
mw-redirect
Carl E. Olsen

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.gutenberg.org/etext/5000

values: International Standard Book Number (identifier)

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0027-9358

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/643483454

values: commons:Category:Last Supper by Leonardo da Vinci

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.zoomo.ca/image/l3T

values:
navbox-image
1
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Science and inventions of Leonardo da Vinci

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EAEAAE

values: The Virgin and Child with St. Anne (Leonardo)

values: Cultural references to Leonardo da Vinci

values: Mona Lisa replicas and reinterpretations

values: List of things named after Leonardo da Vinci

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Basilica_di_Santa_Tecla
mw-redirect
Basilica di Santa Tecla

values:
/wiki/San_Sepolcro,_Milan
mw-redirect
San Sepolcro, Milan

values:
/wiki/Bagatti_Valsecchi_Museum,_Milan
mw-redirect
Bagatti Valsecchi Museum, Milan

values:
/wiki/Galleria_d%27Arte_Moderna_(Milan)
mw-redirect
Galleria d'Arte Moderna (Milan)

values: Museo Civico di Storia Naturale di Milano

values:
/wiki/Museo_Diocesano_(Milan)
mw-redirect
Museo Diocesano (Milan)

values: Antique Furniture & Wooden Sculpture Museum (Milan)

values:
/wiki/Applied_Arts_Collection_(Milan)
mw-redirect
Applied Arts Collection (Milan)

values: Palazzo della Banca Commerciale Italiana

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/175915680

values:
nofollow
external text
http://d-nb.info/gnd/4195043-4

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.idref.fr/02850223X

values: Category:Roman Catholic Church paintings

values: Category:Articles with infoboxes completely from Wikidata

values: Category:Articles containing Italian-language text

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from May 2012

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from February 2016

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Die Laaste Avondmaal (Leonardo) – Afrikaans

values: العشاء الأخير (لوحة) – Arabic

values: Sonuncu şam yeməyi (Leonardo da Vinçi) – Azerbaijani

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-az badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle

values: দ্য লাস্ট সাপার (লিওনার্দো দা ভিঞ্চি) – Bangla

values: Chòe-āu ê Àn-pn̄g (Leonardo da Vinci) – Chinese (Min Nan)

values: Тайная вячэра, Леанарда да Вінчы – Belarusian

values: Тайната вечеря (Леонардо да Винчи) – Bulgarian

values: El Sant Sopar (Leonardo da Vinci) – Catalan

values: Das Abendmahl (Leonardo da Vinci) – German

values: Püha õhtusöömaaeg (Leonardo da Vinci) – Estonian

values: Ο Μυστικός Δείπνος (Ντα Βίντσι) – Greek

values: La última cena (Leonardo da Vinci) – Spanish

values: La Lasta Vespermanĝo (Leonardo) – Esperanto

values: Azken Afaria (Leonardo da Vinci) – Basque

values: شام آخر (دا وینچی) – Persian

values: An Suipéar Déanach (Leonardo da Vinci) – Irish

values: 최후의 만찬 (레오나르도 다 빈치) – Korean

values: Խորհրդավոր ընթրիք (Լեոնարդո դա Վինչի) – Armenian

values: Ti Maudi a Pangrabii (Leonardo da Vinci) – Iloko

values: הסעודה האחרונה (ציור) – Hebrew

values: ಲಾಸ್ಟ್ ಸಪ್ಪರ್ – Kannada

values: საიდუმლო სერობა (ლეონარდო და ვინჩი) – Georgian

values: Жасырын кешкілік (Леонардо да Винчи) – Kazakh

values: Paskutinė vakarienė (Leonardas da Vinčis) – Lithuanian

values: Az utolsó vacsora (da Vinci-festmény) – Hungarian

values: Тајната вечера (слика) – Macedonian

values: അന്ത്യതിരുവത്താഴം (ലിയനാർഡോ ഡാ വിഞ്ചി) – Malayalam

values: द लास्ट सपर – Marathi

values: Het Laatste Avondmaal (Leonardo da Vinci) – Dutch

values: 最後の晩餐 (レオナルド) – Japanese

values: Ostatnia Wieczerza (obraz Leonarda da Vinci) – Polish

values: A Última Ceia (Leonardo da Vinci) – Portuguese

values: Cina cea de Taină (Leonardo da Vinci) – Romanian

values: Тайная вечеря (Леонардо да Винчи) – Russian

values: අවසන් භෝජන සංග්‍රහය (චිත්‍රය) – Sinhala

values: Posledná večera (Leonardo da Vinci) – Slovak

values: Zadnja večerja (Leonardo da Vinci) – Slovenian

values: Тајна вечера (фреска) – Serbian

values: Posljednja večera (Leonardo) – Serbo-Croatian

values: இறுதி இராவுணவு (லியொனார்டோ டா வின்சி) – Tamil

values: อาหารค่ำมื้อสุดท้าย (เลโอนาร์โด) – Thai

values: Тайна вечеря (картина да Вінчі) – Ukrainian

values: Bữa ăn tối cuối cùng (Leonardo da Vinci) – Vietnamese

values: An Urhi nga Pangiklop (Leonardo da Vinci) – Waray

values: 最后的晚餐 (达芬奇) – Chinese

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Last_Supper_Leonardo_da_Vinci rootpage-The_Last_Supper_Leonardo_da_Vinci skin-vector action-view


text:
National Law Enforcement Museum
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The National Law Enforcement Museum will be mostly-underground and located adjacent to the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial in Washington, DC's Judiciary Square (400 block of E Street, NW). The Museum will tell the story of American law enforcement through high-tech interactive exhibits, historical and contemporary artifact collections, a dedicated space for research, and diverse educational programming.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Purpose
3 Design
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
In 2000, the United States Congress authorized the establishment of the National Law Enforcement Museum, to tell the story of law enforcement in the United States. Stories of the fallen will be featured in the Museum's "Hall of Remembrance." The bill, signed into law by President Bill Clinton on November 9, 2000, authorized the planning for the museum. The public review process to authorize construction at the site took five years.[1]
On October 14, 2010, Attorney General Eric Holder, Homeland Security Secretary Janet Napolitano and others broke ground on the construction of the museum.[1] As of October 2012, over $58 million in private donations have been raised.[1]
On February 28, 2014, Rep. Steny Hoyer introduced the bill To amend the National Law Enforcement Museum Act to extend the termination date (H.R. 4120; 113th Congress) into the United States House of Representatives.[2] The bill would extend until November 9, 2016, the authority of the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund, a nonprofit organization, to construct a museum on federal lands within the District of Columbia honoring law enforcement officers.[3]
Purpose[edit]
The Memorial and Museum are both projects of the National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund (NLEOMF), a non-profit, 501(c)(3) organization based in Washington, D.C. The Memorial Fund maintains the Memorial, collects and analyzes information about officer fatalities and publishes research bulletins on fatality trends. As officer fatalities on roadways have increased in recent years, the NLEOMF launched the "Drive Safely" [4] campaign to decrease law enforcement fatalities on the road.
Design[edit]
The architect for the museum is Davis Buckley Architects and Planners, the firm that also designed the Memorial. Plans for the museum's exhibitions include permanent galleries and one changing exhibitions gallery, all designed by Christopher Chadbourne & Associates of Boston.
The building will be located below ground with two entrance pavilions with 55,000 square feet (5,100 m2) of interior space. The excavation for the building will go down 40 feet (12 m) below the surface. Exhibits and highlights are expected to include:
The U.S. Park Police helicopter that responded to the Air Florida Flight 90 crash into the Potomac River
A costume from the 1987 film RoboCop
A sweat shirt worn by character Jack Bauer in the TV series 24
Artifacts of FBI Director J. Edgar Hoover[1]
DC Sniper Task Force evidence related to the investigation and trial of the Beltway sniper attacks of October 2002
Memorabilia related to the prohibition-era federal agent Eliot Ness and his team of “Untouchables”
Handcuffs used by the police to arrest Sirhan Sirhan, after the latter fatally shot US Senator and presidential candidate Robert F. Kennedy in June 1968 at the Ambassador Hotel in Los Angeles
Badge, gun and a coin purse belonging to American Old West lawman Pat Garrett who became famous for killing frontier outlaw Billie the Kid in 1881
Badge and Deputy US Marshal commission that belonged to Ted Hinton-the youngest of the posse that ambushed and killed fugitive couple Bonnie and Clyde near Gibsland, Louisiana, on May 23,1934
Bulletproof vest from c.1930 that was used by gangster Al Capone
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Trescott, Jaqueline (October 15, 2010). "Law enforcement museum is on track". Washington Post. p. C5.
Jump up ^ "H.R. 4120 - All Actions". United States Congress. Retrieved 30 April 2014.
Jump up ^ "CBO - H.R. 4120". Congressional Budget Office. Retrieved 28 April 2014.
Jump up ^ Drive Safely Website
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial.
National Law Enforcement Museum official website
National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial Fund official website
[hide]
v
t
e
Landmarks of Washington, D.C.
Memorials
Adams
African American Civil War
American Veterans Disabled for Life
Belmont-Paul Women's Equality National Monument
Mary McLeod Bethune
Boy Scout
James Buchanan
D.C. War
Albert Einstein
Emancipation
John Ericsson
First Division
James A. Garfield
Samuel Gompers
Ulysses S. Grant
Holocaust Museum
Holodomor Genocide
Japanese American Patriotism During World War II
Jefferson Memorial
Lyndon Baines Johnson Grove
John Paul Jones
Marquis de Lafayette
Law Enforcement Officers
Lincoln Memorial
Martin Luther King, Jr.
Korean War Veterans
George Mason
George Meade
National Statuary Hall Collection
Navy – Merchant Marine
Nuns of the Battlefield
Peace Monument
Pentagon
Second Division
Signers of the Declaration of Independence
The Extra Mile
The Three Soldiers
Jean de Rochambeau
Franklin Delano Roosevelt
Theodore Roosevelt Island
Taras Shevchenko
Statues of the Liberators
Oscar Straus
Robert A. Taft
Titanic
United States Air Force
United States Navy
Victims of Communism
Vietnam Veterans
Vietnam Women's
Washington Monument
Daniel Webster
World War II
Rainbow Pool
Other
Capitol Reflecting Pool
Immaculate Conception Basilica
Healy Hall
Islamic Center
Jefferson Pier
John F. Kennedy Center for the Performing Arts
Library of Congress
National Arboretum
National Building Museum
National Gallery of Art
Lincoln's Cottage at Soldiers' Home
Lincoln Memorial Reflecting Pool
National Archives
Newseum
National Cathedral
National Mall
Old Post Office Pavilion
Old Stone House
Smithsonian Institution
The Arts of War and The Arts of Peace
Tidal Basin
Treasury Building
Tudor Place
Union Station
United States Capitol
United States Supreme Court Building
White House
Willard Hotel
Parks and plazas
Constitution Gardens
Dupont Circle
East Potomac Park
Freedom Plaza
Lafayette Square
L'Enfant Plaza
Meridian Hill Park
National Arboretum
Pershing Park
Rock Creek Park
The Ellipse
United States Botanic Garden
West Potomac Park
Boundaries
Anacostia River
Arlington Memorial Bridge
Boundary Markers of the Original District of Columbia
Chesapeake and Ohio Canal
Constitution Avenue
Francis Scott Key Bridge
Pennsylvania Avenue
Potomac River
Zero Milestone
Planned
Adams Memorial
Dwight D. Eisenhower Memorial
General Francis Marion Memorial
Gold Star Mothers Monument
National Desert Storm and Desert Shield War Memorial
National Liberty Memorial
Peace Corps Monument
World War I
Related
National Capital Memorial Advisory Commission
List of National Historic Landmarks in Washington, D.C.
National Register of Historic Places in Washington, D.C.
Public art in Washington, D.C. (Outdoor sculpture, American Revolution Statuary, Civil War Monuments, commemorating African-Americans)
Coordinates: 38°53′48″N 77°01′03″W / 38.8967°N 77.0176°W / 38.8967; -77.0176
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Law_Enforcement_Museum&oldid=799502400"
Categories:
Law enforcement museums in the United States
American national museums in Washington, D.C.
Monuments and memorials in Washington, D.C.
Museums established in 2016
2016 establishments in Washington, D.C.
Hidden categories:
Coordinates on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 8 September 2017, at 03:02.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: b

attrs: role tabindex class

values: button 0 togglelink

value: span

value: li

values: Christopher Chadbourne & Associates (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Beltway_sniper_attacks
mw-redirect
Beltway sniper attacks

values:
/wiki/Billie_the_Kid
mw-redirect
Billie the Kid

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.cbo.gov/publication/45283

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.lawmemorial.org/drivesafely

values: commons:Category:National Law Enforcement Officers Memorial

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.LawEnforcementMuseum.org

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.LawMemorial.org

values: American Veterans Disabled for Life Memorial

values: Holodomor Genocide Memorial, Washington, DC

values: Japanese American Memorial to Patriotism During World War II

values: Lyndon Baines Johnson Memorial Grove on the Potomac

values: Major General Marquis Gilbert de Lafayette

values: Memorial to the 56 Signers of the Declaration of Independence

values: Basilica of the National Shrine of the Immaculate Conception

values: President Lincoln's Cottage at the Soldiers' Home

values:
/wiki/Union_Station_(Washington,_D.C.)
mw-redirect
Union Station (Washington, D.C.)

values: National World War I Memorial (Washington, D.C.)

values: National Desert Storm and Desert Shield War Memorial Act

values: National Register of Historic Places listings in Washington, D.C.

values: List of artworks commemorating African Americans in Washington, D.C.

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values: Category:Law enforcement museums in the United States

values: Category:American national museums in Washington, D.C.

values: Category:Monuments and memorials in Washington, D.C.

values: Category:2016 establishments in Washington, D.C.

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/National_Law_Enforcement_Museum
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-National_Law_Enforcement_Museum rootpage-National_Law_Enforcement_Museum skin-vector action-view