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The Mummy (2017 film)
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The Mummy
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Alex Kurtzman
Produced by
Alex Kurtzman
Chris Morgan
Sean Daniel
Sarah Bradshaw
Screenplay by
David Koepp
Christopher McQuarrie
Dylan Kussman
Story by
Jon Spaihts
Alex Kurtzman
Jenny Lumet
Starring
Tom Cruise
Annabelle Wallis
Sofia Boutella
Jake Johnson
Courtney B. Vance
Russell Crowe
Music by
Brian Tyler
Cinematography
Ben Seresin
Edited by
Paul Hirsch
Gina Hirsch
Andrew Mondshein
Production
company
Dark Universe
Perfect World Pictures
K/O Paper Products
Sean Daniel Company
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release date
May 22, 2017 (2017-05-22) (State Theatre)
June 9, 2017 (2017-06-09) (United States)
Running time
110 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$125–195 million[2][3]
Box office
$407.8 million[2]
The Mummy is a 2017 American action-adventure film[4] directed by Alex Kurtzman and written by David Koepp, Christopher McQuarrie and Dylan Kussman, with a story by Kurtzman, Jon Spaihts and Jenny Lumet. It is a reboot of The Mummy franchise[5] and the first installment in the Universal's Dark Universe.[6][7][8] The film stars Tom Cruise, Annabelle Wallis, Sofia Boutella, Jake Johnson, Courtney B. Vance and Russell Crowe.
The Mummy premiered at the State Theatre in Sydney, Australia on May 22, 2017, and was theatrically released in the United States on June 9, 2017, in 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D.[9] It received negative reviews from critics and grossed over $407 million worldwide. It was labeled a box office disappointment given its high production and marketing costs, with projected losses of around $95 million.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Filming
3.2 Music
4 Release
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.1.1 United States and Canada
5.1.2 International
5.2 Critical response
6 Future
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
In 1127 A.D., several English crusader knights bury an Egyptian ruby within the tomb of one of their number. In present-day London, a construction crew discovers the tomb and a mysterious man is authorized to investigate the site. Ominous reporting on the news notes that people are not as far from important relics of the past as they realize.
In a flashback to the New Kingdom era, Princess Ahmanet is first in line to succeed her father Menehptre until his second wife gives birth to a son. Determined to claim the throne for herself, Ahmanet summons Set, who agrees to help her if she uses a mystical dagger to transfer his spirit into a corporeal form. After killing her family, Ahmanet attempts to sacrifice her lover to Set but is captured by her father's priests and condemned to be mummified alive for eternity. Her sarcophagus is buried in Mesopotamia and submerged in a pool of mercury so that her monstrous form will not escape.
In present-day Iraq, Sergeant Nick Morton and Corporal Chris Vail, while on Long Range Reconnaissance for the U.S. Army, discover the tomb of Ahmanet after calling in an airstrike on an insurgent stronghold. Jennifer Halsey, an archaeologist who had a one-night stand with Nick, arrives and investigates the tomb, correctly concluding that it is a prison. After Nick extracts Ahmanet's sarcophagus from a pool of mercury, Nick's superior, Colonel Greenway, places it on a transport plane headed to England. During the flight, Vail becomes possessed by Ahmanet's power after being bitten by a camel spider while inside the tomb. After attempting to open the sarcophagus, he stabs Greenway and tries to attack the group, forcing Nick to kill him. A huge number of crows then assault the plane, causing it to crash and killing everyone on board except for Jennifer, who is parachuted off the plane by Nick.
Nick awakens a day later in a morgue in Oxford, discovering that he has been brought back to life by unknown means, and he learns from Vail's sardonic ghost that he has been cursed by Ahmanet, who seeks to use him as a replacement vessel for Set. Ahmanet's mummy escapes from the sarcophagus and begins feeding on rescue workers to regenerate her decomposed body. Turning the workers into zombie minions, she lures Nick and Jennifer into a trap, forcing the two to fight off the minions as they unsuccessfully try to escape. Ahmanet also recovers the 'Dagger of Set' from a reliquary in a nearby church. At the last moment, however, unknown soldiers appear and subdue Ahmanet. Their leader, Dr. Henry Jekyll, explains that Jennifer is an agent of Prodigium, a secret society dedicated to hunting supernatural threats. He reveals much of his own history and confirms that Nick was cursed when Ahmanet's tomb was opened. Although first welcoming Dr. Jekyll's help, Nick (as well as Jennifer) become horrified to discover the doctor's intention to complete the ritual, allowing Set to possess Nick completely, in the belief that this will render Set vulnerable and allow his evil to be ended forever.
Meanwhile, Ahmanet summons a spider to possess a Prodigium technician and frees herself from captivity, wreaking havoc, death, and destruction in the process. After verbally sparring with Nick, Jekyll succumbs to his own dark impulses and transforms into Edward Hyde, his murderous and psychotic alternate personality, even as Ahmanet wreaks havoc outside unbeknownst to them. Nick rebuffs the repulsive Hyde's offer of an alliance between them, and Hyde attacks him. However, Nick manages to stop him with the serum Jekyll uses to suppress his evil side. He and Jennifer then escape from Prodigium, but they run into Ahmanet once again. She steals back the dagger, summons an army of deceased English crusaders to serve her, and creates a massive sandstorm that ravages London, with Nick and Jennifer narrowly escaping her grasp. The undead knights slaughter the Prodigium soldiers in the tomb discovered during the film's opening, and Ahmanet finally recovers the ruby and places it in the dagger's pommel, granting her all that she needs to free Set aside from Nick himself.
Guided by the spectral Vail, Nick and Jennifer flee into the London Underground tunnels, but they are soon attacked by Ahmanet's minions. Ahmanet captures Jennifer and drowns her, hoping to break her hold over Nick. Nick puts up a determined fight, but he gives up and lets himself embrace Ahmanet, using it as a ruse to steal the dagger and shatter the ruby. However, he sees the lifeless Jennifer and bets on stabbing himself. His body is partially possessed by Set, who proceeds to join Ahmanet to uphold his end of the bargain. However, looking back at Jennifer's dead body, Nick regains control, using Set's powers to overpower and suck the life out of Ahmanet. With her transformed back into a shriveled mummy, Nick then harnesses Set's powers to resurrect Jennifer, saying goodbye before becoming overwhelmed by Set's nature and disappearing. Soon, Jennifer regroups with Dr. Jekyll, and they tensely discuss if Nick, now fused with Set in an uncertain way, will use his powers for good, evil, or something else entirely. Ahmanet's corpse is lowered into a locked pool of mercury within the Prodigium base for safekeeping. Later on in the desert, Nick resurrects Vail, and the two set out on a new adventure.
Cast[edit]
Tom Cruise as Sergeant Nick Morton,[10][11][12] a U.S. military man, who unintentionally unearths the tomb of Princess Ahmanet, unleashing an unspeakable evil. Nick becomes haunted, fused with, and possessed by Set after Ahmanet puts a curse on him.
Annabelle Wallis as Jennifer "Jenny" Halsey,[13] an archeologist who has a past with Nick. She secretly works for the monster-hunting organization known as Prodigium.
Sofia Boutella as Princess Ahmanet.[11][14] She is loosely based on Imhotep from the original Mummy films, as well as the ancient Egyptian goddess, Amunet. Once in line to be the queen of Ancient Egypt, Ahmanet murdered her father and his family in order to resurrect Set, an act for which she was cursed for all eternity and buried alive, until she is accidentally freed as the titular Mummy.
Jake Johnson as Corporal Chris Vail,[15] Nick's friend and closest ally.
Courtney B. Vance as Colonel Greenway,[16] Nick and Chris's superior officer.
Russell Crowe as Dr. Henry Jekyll,[17][18] a brilliant scientist who leads Prodigium, an organization dedicated to locating, containing, and when necessary, destroying monsters. Due to a failed experiment intended to repress his evil side, he must regularly inject himself with a serum to prevent himself from transforming into his evil and monstrous alter-ego, Mr. Edward Hyde.
Marwan Kenzari as Malik,[19][20] Jekyll's chief of security and a member of Prodigium
Javier Botet as Set,[21] the ancient Egyptian god of deserts, storms, darkness, and violence, who aids Princess Ahmanet in her quest to rule Egypt. Set has a connection with Nick Morton, as the latter is intended to be the human vessel for his resurrection.
Selva Rasalingam as King Menehptre, a pharaoh who is Ahmanet's father.
Production[edit]
Universal Pictures first announced plans for a modern reboot of The Mummy franchise in 2012.[22][23] The project went through multiple directors, with Len Wiseman leaving the project in 2013,[24] and a second director, Andrés Muschietti, in 2014.[15][25]
Tom Cruise began talks about playing the lead in November 2015,[12] with Sofia Boutella beginning talks that December.[14] Kurtzman cast Boutella after seeing and being impressed by her largely mute performance in Kingsman: The Secret Service. Kurtzman noted that "if you look at her eyes, and this is what I got from watching Kingsman, there's a whole performance going on here. And in not saying anything but conveying that much to me, I thought oh my god, no matter how much prosthetics we put on her, no matter how much CG we put on her face, if I see this, she's going to convey something very emotional to me."[26] Other casting news was announced between March and May, with Russell Crowe joining during the latter month.[13][19][17][18][27][28][excessive citations] Shortly after the film opened, Variety reported that Cruise had excessive control over the film and firm control of nearly every aspect of production and post-production, including re-writing the script and editing to his specifications, telling Kurtzman how to direct on set, and enlarging his role while downplaying Boutella's. Universal contractually guaranteed Cruise control of most aspects of the project, from script approval to post-production decisions.[29]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography on the film began on April 3, 2016, in Oxford, United Kingdom,[30][31] and also took place in Surrey.[32][better source needed] Filming on the movie wrapped on July 17, 2016, in London.[33] Production then moved to Namibia for two weeks, with principal photography on the film being completed on August 13, 2016.[34]
For the filming of the plane crash the production made use of The Vomit Comet and parabolic flight to simulate the illusion of weighlessness. [35] The crew did a total of 64 takes with many of the crew becoming sick to their stomachs. [36] [37] Initially Kurtzman planned to shoot the film using wires and a rotating set, however Cruise's insistence changed his mind. [38]
Music[edit]
Composer Brian Tyler started work on the music for the movie early, writing about a half hour of music before filming even began. Working on the film for a year and half, Tyler recorded with an 84-piece orchestra and 32-voice choir at London’s Abbey Road. He ultimately wrote and recorded over two hours of music, which, given the length of the film (107 minutes), resulted in a soundtrack album longer than the film itself. [39]
Release[edit]
Initially scheduled for a 2016 release,[40][41] the film was released in the United States and Canada on June 9, 2017, with international roll out beginning the same day. The film was screened in various formats, such as 2D, 3D and IMAX 3D.[9][11][42]
On December 20, 2016, IMAX released a trailer with the wrong audio track attached; this unintentionally prompted the creation of memes and video montages featuring the mistakenly included audio track, which was missing most of the sound effects and instead featured Tom Cruise's grunts and screams.[43] IMAX reacted by taking down the trailer and issuing DMCA takedown notices in an attempt to stop it from spreading.[44][not in citation given]
Following the 2017 Manchester Arena bombing on May 22, Universal cancelled the film's U.K. premiere, which had been scheduled to take place in London on June 1.[45]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
The Mummy grossed $80.1 million in the United States and Canada and $327.7 million in other territories for a worldwide total of $407.8 million, against a combined production and advertising budget of around $345 million.[2][3] The film had a worldwide opening of $172.4 million, the biggest global debut of Tom Cruise's career.[46]
United States and Canada[edit]
In North America, the film was released alongside It Comes at Night and Megan Leavey, and was originally projected to gross $35–40 million from 4,034 theaters in its opening weekend.[47] However after making $12 million on its first day (including $2.66 million from Thursday night previews), weekend projections were lowered to $30 million.[48] It ended up debuting to $31.7 million, marking the lowest of the Mummy franchise and finishing second at the box office behind Wonder Woman ($58.2 million in its second week). Deadline.com attributed the film's underperformance to poor critic and audience reactions, as well as "blockbuster fatigue."[49] In its second weekend the film made $14.5 million (dropping 54.2%), finishing 4th at the box office.[50] The same week, Deadline reported that the film is expected to lose Universal around $95 million in an estimated 375 million worldwide gross.[3] It was pulled from 827 theaters in its third week and made $5.8 million, dropping another 60% and finishing 6th at the box office.[51]
International[edit]
Outside North America, the film opened in 63 overseas territories, with China, the UK, Mexico, Germany, Ireland, Australia, New Zealand, Brazil and Russia receiving the film the same day as in North America, and was projected to debut to $125–135 million.[52] It opened on June 6, 2017 in South Korea and grossed $6.6 million on its first day, the biggest-ever debut for both Tom Cruise and Universal in the country.[53] It ended up having a foreign debut of $140.7 million, the biggest of Cruise's career. In its opening weekend the film made $52.4 million in China, $7.4 million in Russia, $4.9 million in Mexico and $4.2 million in the United Kingdom.[46] As of July 9, 2017, The film other big markets are China ($91.5 million), South Korea ($26.2 million), Russia and the CIS ($15.9 million) and Brazil ($13.2 million).
Critical response[edit]
The Mummy received generally negative reviews from critics, with criticism aimed at its incoherent narrative, inconsistent tone, sub-par acting, and shoehorned plot points setting up the Dark Universe.[54] On Rotten Tomatoes the film has an approval rating of 16% based on 246 reviews, with an average rating of 4.2/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Lacking the campy fun of the franchise's most recent entries and failing to deliver many monster-movie thrills, The Mummy suggests a speedy unraveling for the Dark Universe."[55] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 34 out of 100 based on 44 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[56] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B−" on an A+ to F scale.[57]
Vince Mancini of Uproxx gave the film a negative review, writing: "If you like incomprehensible collections of things that vaguely resemble other things you might've enjoyed in the past, The Mummy is the movie for you."[58] IndieWire's David Ehrlich gave the film a D-, calling it the worst film of Cruise's career and criticizing its lack of originality, saying: "It's one thing to excavate the iconography of old Hollywood, it's another to exploit it. This isn't filmmaking, it's tomb-raiding."[59]
Owen Gleiberman of Variety wrote: "The problem at its heart is that the reality of what the movie is—a Tom Cruise vehicle—is at war with the material. The actor, at 54, is still playing that old Cruise trope, the selfish cocky semi-scoundrel who has to grow up. ... The trouble is that Cruise, at least in a high-powered potboiler like this one, is so devoted to maintaining his image as a clear and wholesome hero that his flirtation with the dark side is almost entirely theoretical."[60] Writing for Rolling Stone, Peter Travers gave the film one star out of four, saying: "How meh is The Mummy? Let me count the ways. For all the huffing and puffing and digital desperation from overworked computers, this reboot lands onscreen with a resounding thud."[61]
Glen Kenny of RogerEbert.com gave the film 1.5/4 stars, writing: I found something almost admirable about the film's cheek. It's amazingly relentless in its naked borrowing from other, better horror and sci-fi movies that I was able to keep occupied making a checklist of the movies referenced. [62] Entertainment Weekly's Chis Nashawaty wrote that the film "feels derivative and unnecessary and like it was written by committee."[63]
In BBC World News Culture, Nicholas Barber calls the film "a mish-mash of wildly varying tones and plot strands, from its convoluted beginning to its shameless non-end. Tom Cruise's new film barely qualifies as a film at all. None of it makes sense. The film delivers all the chases, explosions, zombies and ghosts you could ask for, and there are a few amusing lines and creepy moments, but, between the headache-inducing flashbacks and hallucinations, the narrative would be easier to follow if it were written in hieroglyphics."[64]
Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian wrote that the film "has some nice moments but is basically a mess. The plot sags like an aeon-old decaying limb, a jumble of ideas and scenes from what look like different screenplay drafts."[65] Empire film magazine was more positive, with Dan Jolin awarding the film three stars. "It's running and jumping grin-flashing business as usual for Cruise, once more on safe character territory as an Ethan Hunt-esque action protagonist who couples up with a much younger woman, while another woman chases after him," he wrote. "And if the next installment-teasing conclusion is anything to go by, Cruise seemed to have enough fun making this that he may just return for more."[66]
Future[edit]
The film is part of the Universal Pictures Dark Universe, an attempt to create a modern cinematic universe based on the classic Universal Monster film series. [67]The second movie in the series will be Bill Condon's 2019 Bride of Frankenstein. .[68] The 2014 film Dracula Untold, starring Luke Evans as the titular character, was originally considered to be the first film in the series; however, since the film's release, the connection to Dark Universe was downplayed, and The Mummy was re-positioned as the first film in the series.[69][70][71]
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Jump up ^ Joey Nolfi (June 7, 2017). "The Mummy reboot slammed as 'worst Tom Cruise movie ever' by critics". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on June 10, 2017. Retrieved June 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Barber, Nicholas. "The Mummy is ‘barely a film at all’". Archived from the original on July 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 12, 2017. Retrieved June 12, 2017. The Guardian
Jump up ^ Jolin, Dan. "The Mummy (2017)". Empire. Archived from the original on June 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Laura. "Universal Invented Movie Universes; Why Are They Having Such a Hard Time with Them Now?". Vanity Fair. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Stolworthy, Jacob (June 8, 2017). "Universal's 'Dark Universe' has added two more characters". The Independent. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bradley, Laura. "Universal Invented Movie Universes; Why Are They Having Such a Hard Time with Them Now?". HWD. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Armitage, Hugh (June 5, 2017). "Luke Evans's Dracula isn't in Dark Universe". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on June 13, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Orquiola, John (May 24, 2017). "Why Dark Universe is Better Off Without Dracula (For Now)". Screen Rant. Archived from the original on June 15, 2017. Retrieved June 17, 2017.
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Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
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Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan
Country
India
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (Hindi: सर्व शिक्षा अभियान, Sarva Shiksha Abhiyān, English: Education for All Movement), or SSA, is an Indian Government programme aimed at the universalisation of elementary education "in a time bound manner", as mandated by the 86th Amendment to the Constitution of India making free and compulsory education to children between the ages of 6 to 14 (estimated to be 205 million children in 2001) a fundamental right. The programme was pioneered by former Indian Prime Minister Atal Bihari Vajpayee.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Funds
3 Features
3.1 Main features of this programme
3.2 Objectives
3.3 Aspects
4 Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat
5 Present goals
6 Other similar initiatives by NGOs
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
As an intervention programme, it started on 2010 and SSA has been operational since 2000-2001.[1] However, its roots go back to 1993-1994, when the District Primary Education Programme (DPEP) was launched, with an aim of achieving the objective of universal primary education.[2] DPEP, over several phases, covered 272 districts in 18 states of the country.[3] The expenditure on the programme was shared by the Central Government (85%) and the State Governments. The Central share was funded by a number of external agencies, including the World Bank, DFID and UNICEF.[4] By 2001, more than US$1500 million had been committed to the programme, and 50 million children covered in its ambit. In an impact assessment of Phase I of DPEP, the authors concluded that its net impact on minority children was impressive, while there was little evidence of any impact on the enrolment of girls. Nevertheless, they concluded that the investment in DPEP was not a waste, because it introduced a new approach to primary school interventions in India.[4]
The Right to Education Act (RTE) came into force on 1 April 2010. Some educationists and policy makers believe that, with the passing of this act, SSA has acquired the necessary legal force for its implementation.[5]
Funds[edit]
In 2011-12, the Government of India allocated ₹21,000 crore for this project.[6]
Features[edit]
Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA) is a programme for Universal Elementary Education. This programme is also an attempt to provide an opportunity for improving human capabilities to all children through provision of community -owned quality education in a mission mode. It is a response to the demand for quality basic education all over the country.[citation needed]
Main features of this programme[edit]
Programme with a clear time frame for universal elementary education.
A response to the demand for quality basic education all over the country.
An opportunity for promoting social justice through basic education.
An expression of political will for universal elementary education across the country.
A partnership between the central, state and the local government.
An opportunity for states to develop their own vision of elementary education.
An effort at effective involving the Panchyati Raj Institutions, school management Committees, village and urban slum level Education Committees, parent’s Teachers’ Associations, Mother-Teacher Associations, Tribal Autonomous councils and other grassroots level structures in the management of elementary schools.[citation needed]
Objectives
To provide useful and elementary education for all children in the 6-14 age group.
To bridge social, regional and gender gaps with the active participation of community in the management of schools.
To allow children to learn about and master their natural environment in order to develop their potential both spiritually and materially.
To inculcate value-based learning this allows children an opportunity to work for each other’s well being rather than to permit mere selfish pursuits.
To realize the importance of Early Childhood Care and education and looks at the 0-14 age as a continuum.[citation needed]
Objectives[edit]
All children in school. Education Guarantee Centre, Alternate School, ‘Back-to-School’ camp by 2003.
All children complete five years of primary schooling by 2007.
All children complete of elementary schooling by 2010.
Focus on elementary education of satisfactory quality with emphasis on education for life.
Bridge all gender and social category gaps at primary stage by 2007 and at elementary education level by 2010.
Universal retention by 2010.[citation needed]
Good education is very important for every one
Aspects[edit]
It provides a wide convergent frame work for implementation of Elementary Education schemes.
It is also a programme with budget provision for strengthening vital areas to achieve universalisation of elementary education.[citation needed]
Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat[edit]
Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat is a nationwide sub-programme of Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan.[7][8] Children who fail to read in early education lag behind in other subjects.The programme is designed to improve comprehensive early reading, writing and early mathematics programme for children in Classes I and II. Under this programme, ₹762 crore (US$120 million) was approved to States. The programme will not only provide print rich environment, timely distribution of books but will also include new teacher mentoring and appraisal system.[9][better source needed] SSA has been operational since 2000-2001 to provide for a variety of interventions for universal access and retention, bridging of gender and social category gaps in elementary education and improving the quality of learning. SSA interventions include inter alia, opening of new schools and alternate schooling facilities, construction of schools and additional classrooms, toilets and drinking water, provisioning for teachers, regular teacher in service training and academic resource support, free textbooks& uniforms and support for improving learning achievement levels / outcome. With the passage of the RTE Act, changes have been incorporated into the SSA approach, strategies and norms. The changes encompass the vision and approach to elementary education, guided by the following principles : Holistic view of education, as interpreted in the National Curriculum Framework 2005, with implications for a systemic revamp of the entire content and process of education with significant implications for curriculum, teacher education, educational planning and management. Equity, to mean not only equal opportunity, but also creation of conditions in which the disadvantaged sections of the society – children of SC, ST, Muslim minority, landless agricultural workers and children with special needs, etc. – can avail of the opportunity. Access, not to be confined to ensuring that a school becomes accessible to all children within specified distance but implies an understanding of the educational needs and predicament of the traditionally excluded categories – the SC, ST and others sections of the most disadvantaged groups, the Muslim minority, girls in general, and children with special needs. Gender concern, implying not only an effort to enable girls to keep pace with boys but to view education in the perspective spelt out in the National Policy on Education 1986 /92; i.e. a decisive intervention to bring about a basic change in the status of women. Centrality of teacher, to motivate them to innovate and create a culture in the classroom, and beyond the classroom, that might produce an inclusive environment for children, especially for girls from oppressed and marginalised backgrounds. Moral compulsion is imposed through the RTE Act on parents, teachers, educational administrators and other stakeholders, rather than shifting emphasis on punitive processes. Convergent and integrated system of educational management is pre-requisite for implementation of the RTE law. All states must move in that direction as speedily as feasible[citation needed]
Present goals[edit]
Its goals of 2015 are to:[citation needed]
The programme seeks to open new schools in those habitations which do not have schooling facilities and strengthen existing school infrastructure through provision of additional class rooms, toilets, drinking water, maintenance grant and school improvement grants.
Existing schools with inadequate teacher strength are provided with additional teachers, while the capacity of existing teachers is being strengthened by extensive training, grants for developing teaching-learning materials and strengthening of the academic support structure at a cluster, block and district level.
Provide quality elementary education including life skills with a special focus on the education of girls and children with special needs as well as computer education.[10]
Other similar initiatives by NGOs[edit]
There are several Non-Government Organizations (NGOs), which are also progressively working in the direction of the upliftment of children, especially in the field of health and education. To name a few of these organizations, Smile Foundation, Pratham, Project Nanhi Kali, Relief India Trust, Aashray Society and Reforms India, Plan India , Childhood Enhancement Through Training and Action (CHETNA) and the Qualiterate Movement, they are all taking active measures on a regular basis to motivate the underprivileged and deprived children of the society towards education.[citation needed]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan". Department of School Education and Literacy, MHRD, Government of India. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "District Primary Education Programme, DPEP". Archived from the original on 29 October 2013. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "District Primary Education Programmes (DPEP)". Retrieved 28 October 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Jalan, Jyotsna; Glinskaya, Elena. "Improving Primary School Education in India: An Impact Assessment of DPEP I" (PDF). World Bank. Retrieved 29 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Will RTE fulfil the SSA dream?". The Times of India. 5 April 2010. Retrieved 26 October 2013.
Jump up ^ Rasheeda Bhagat A poor country, rich in corruption
Jump up ^ "Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat" (PDF). ssa.nic.in. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Pandey, Navadha (26 August 2014). "Smriti Irani launches Padhe Bharat Badhe Bharat programme". Business Line. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "New Government Schemes 2014-As a follow up to the foundational programme, in 2015-16 a programme called the National Reading Initiative was launched to develop and promote the habit of reading among students in elementary schools, thereby extending the programme up to class 8. States were provided token funds to plan and implement innovative activities to promote reading. States have designed specific interventions targeting children in classes 1 and 2 to improve learning outcomes. There are a variety of focussed programmes being currently implemented across the country.15". justwiki.net. Retrieved 15 March 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan". Ministry of Human Resource Development. Retrieved 9 October 2011.
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Henderson's Boys
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Henderson's Boys
The Escape
Eagle Day
Secret Army
Grey Wolves
The Prisoner
One Shot Kill
Scorched Earth
Author
Robert Muchamore
Cover artist
David McDougal[1]
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Genre
Children's
Spy fiction
Publisher
Hodder Children's Books
Media type
Print (paperback)
Henderson's Boys is a series of young adult spy novels written by English author Robert Muchamore.[2] The series follows Charles Henderson, the creator of the fictitious CHERUB organisation. The novels are set between 1940 and 1945, during the Nazi occupation of France in World War II. Throughout the novels, Henderson leads a series of war missions, aided by children.[3]
Henderson's Boys is a spin-off of the CHERUB series, which centres on the peacetime version of the organisation during the 2000s and 2010s. Henderson's Boys reveals various features of the CHERUB organisation's origins.[3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Books
1.1 The Escape
1.2 Eagle Day
1.3 Secret Army
1.4 Grey Wolves
1.5 The Prisoner
1.6 One Shot Kill
1.7 Scorched Earth
2 Characters
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Books[edit]
The Escape[edit]
The Escape
First edition cover
Published
2009 (Hodder)[5]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
320[5]
ISBN
978-0-340-95648-9
The Escape is the first book in the Henderson's Boys series. It was published on 5 February 2009 by Hodder Children's Books.[5]
The novel is set in France, from 5–15 June 1940,[6] at a time when Hitler's Nazi armies are invading and forcing civilians to flee. Meanwhile, German agents are tracking two British children, 11-year-old Paul and 13-year-old Rosie Clarke. Charles Henderson, a British spy, finds himself trying to reach them before the Germans can. He enlists the help of 12-year-old Marc Kilgour, a French orphan, in order to save the pair. He soon realises that children will be essential recruits if the British are to win the war. Meanwhile, Paul and Rosie find a six-year-old called Hugo, who is later killed by Herr Potente, a German posing as Henderson.[7]
The Escape has received a positive reception from critics, with Toby Clements of The Daily Telegraph calling it 'fresh and direct', but noting that the subject matter is 'challenging'.[8] Amanda Craig of The Times said that 'this clever, tense novel is a great way of getting bored boys interested in history.'[5] It scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.1⁄5 from 2,735 votes.[9]
It was published in French under the literally translated title of L'évasion,[10] in Polish as Uciekinierzy, which translates to The Escapees, in German under the literally translated title of Flugten, and in Portuguese under the literally translated title of A Evasão.
Eagle Day[edit]
Eagle Day
First edition cover
Published
2009 (Hodder)[11]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
432[11]
ISBN
978-0-340-95649-6
Eagle Day is the second book in the Henderson's Boys series. It was published on 4 June 2009 by Hodder Children's Books.[11]
The novel is set from 15 June–1 October 1940. During this time, the Battle of Britain is in full swing and Hitler is planning to cross the channel and invade Britain. After failing to escape France, Paul and Rosie reunite with Marc and Henderson. With the help of PT Bivott, an American boy in trouble with the law, they help British bombers target ports in France that will be used to invade Britain in Operation Sealion.[12]
Eagle Day scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.1⁄5 from 1,521 votes.[13]
It was published in French under the literally translated title of Le Jour de l'aigle,[14] in Polish under the literally translated title of Dzień Orła, and in Portuguese under the literally translated title of O Dia da Águia.
Secret Army[edit]
Secret Army
First edition cover
Published
2010 (Hodder)[15]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
384[15]
ISBN
978-0-340-95650-2
Secret Army is the third book in the Henderson's Boys series. It was published on 4 February 2010 by Hodder Children's Books.[15]
The novel is set from January–February 1940. British spy Charles Henderson has returned to Britain, having thwarted Nazi invasion plans, and wants to start an organisation training teenagers as secret agents.[16] Secret Army concerns the training of the first group of agents of his new organisation (named CHERUB by the end of the book) - Paul and Rosie Clarke, Marc Kilgour, PT Bivott, Luc, and Joel, together with the recruitment of the first members of Group B. Their training takes place in a requisitioned village, with parachute training in Scotland, followed by an exercise where the CHERUB team, and groups of Polish, Norwegian, and French SOE agents, are parachuted over northern England and instructed to steal an anti-aircraft gun and deliver it to Kings Cross station in London within 48 hours. Despite Air Vice Marshal Walker, the head of SOE, wanting the CHERUB agents to fail, they end up delivering two guns.
Secret Army was praised for its realism and ability to interest boys in history.[17] It scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.2⁄5 from 1,223 votes.[18]
It was published in French under the literally translated title of L'Armée secrète,[19] in Polish under the literally translated title of Sekretna armia, and in Portuguese under the literally translated title of A Arma Secreta.
Grey Wolves[edit]
Grey Wolves
First edition cover
Published
2011 (Hodder)[20]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
384[20]
ISBN
978-0-340-99916-5
Grey Wolves is the fourth book in the Henderson's Boys series. It was published on 3 February 2011 by Hodder Children's Books.[20]
The novel is set from 20 April–early August 1941. It begins with Marc Kilgour and Charles Henderson on a fact-gathering mission in the town of Lorient, on the Atlantic coast of France, in preparation for a possible future sabotage of the U-Boat bases there.
They meet a local woman, Madame Mercier, who gets Marc into a part of the docks where he can take photos of the U-Boat bunker. After this, they sail back to a rendezvous with a boat from the UK, named Madeline, but two nights later, they are stopped by a German E-Boat, but after a shootout, Troy LeConte reveals that Henderson's son has been born.
After a brief period of time in the USA, they go back into occupied France, where Joel and PT get jobs with OT (Organisation Todt, an organization which commandeered resources for German military usage), and Paul, Boo and Rosie work as a team to communicate with London, and Marc is a cigarette boy at a brothel-bar.
Grey Wolves scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.2⁄5 from 1,031 votes.[21]
It was published in French under the title of Opération U-Boot,[22] which translates to Operation U-Boat.
The Prisoner[edit]
The Prisoner
First edition cover
Published
2012 (Hodder)[23][24]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
368[23]
ISBN
978-0-340-99917-2
The Prisoner is the fifth book in the Henderson's Boys series. It expressly follows the escape of Marc Kilgour, a British spy working for the organisation CHERUB during the Second World War who was moved to a German labour team in Frankfurt in the previous book.[25] It was published on 2 February 2012 by Hodder Children's Books.[23]
The novel is set from May–September 1943. Fourteen-year-old Marc Kilgour is a Nazi prisoner of war, who is also a British spy working for the secret organisation CHERUB. Held in Frankfurt with a job filing prisoner records, he attempts to escape with two other boys by forging prisoner transfer documents and escaping from the transfer train. However the guard at the station recognises Marc and has him sent back to his boss, Commandant Vogel while the two boys Marc was escaping with continue on. Vogel assumes the transfer was a paperwork error and has him back working his filing job. However, when he arrives back at his dormitory, a gang of bullies find that he is no longer protected by the two boys he was attempting to escape with, and they get into a fight where Marc is eventually knocked unconscious.
When Marc regains consciousness, Commandant Vogel has been replaced by a new commandant who works out that he tried to escape and he is reassigned as a sewage system cleaner. When he sees a chance to escape, Marc bolts but is forced to kill several German guards in the process and a search is put out for him. He hides out in the office where he originally worked for a few days where he forges paperwork for himself. He uses it to take a train from Frankfurt to Mainz, to Saarbrücken and then on to Paris.
After hiding out for a few days, Marc is picked up for discrepancies in his paperwork. He admits to actually being Marc Kilgour who previously went to an orphanage Beauvais. The policeman does not realise he had escaped from prison and he is sent back to the orphanage. When he arrives he is pleased to find that the cruel Director Tomas has been replaced by a group of nuns. He is sent back to work for Farmer Morel and gets into a serious relationship with his daughter Jae.
Two months pass, and Marc gets used to life at the orphanage. However, when Marc finds two Canadian soldiers who landed at the unsuccessful landings at Dieppe and they help him get back in contact with the resistance group that Charles Henderson set up the previous year, which is being run by Maxine Clere. The resistance group decides to sabotage a German military airbase which has a radar system that has been causing heavy casualties to the British bombers because sophisticated German radar sets have been making their planes easy to find. They also plan to steal a plane and fly it back to give scientists in Britain a functioning radar set in the hope that they can jam the radar signals. A pilot is parachuted in and the raid goes according to plan, but one of the soldiers is killed. They reach England and Marc is reunited with his old friends at CHERUB, however he is still sad about Jae.[26]
The Prisoner scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.3⁄5 from 788 votes.[27]
It was published in French under the literally translated title of Le Prisonnier.[28]
One Shot Kill[edit]
One Shot Kill
First edition cover
Published
2012 (Hodder)[29]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
352[29]
ISBN
978-0-340-99918-9
One Shot Kill is the sixth and penultimate book in the Henderson's Boys series. It was published on 1 November 2012 by Hodder Children's Books.[29]
The novel is set from 16 May–3 July 1943, when Hitler is developing a radical new weapon which he claims could turn the war back in his favor. Henderson's Boys have to find the weapon and sabotage all efforts to produce it. A team is sent in to scout the area but something goes wrong. After many days in occupied France, a new target is located and they must hunt down the illusive war turning weapon.[26]
One Shot Kill scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.3⁄5 from 576 votes.[30]
It was published in French under the title of Tireurs d'élites,[31] which translates to Snipers.
Scorched Earth[edit]
Scorched Earth
First edition cover
Published
2013 (Hodder)[32]
Media type
Print (paperback)
Pages
368[32]
ISBN
978-1-444-90233-4
Scorched Earth is the seventh and final book in the Henderson's Boys series. It was published on 7 February 2013 by Hodder Children's Books.[32]
The novel is set from 5 June–24 August 1944, during the final days of the Nazi occupation of France. During this time, large sections of the French population are in rebellion and the Nazis are at their most brutal.[26] Henderson and his team embark on a mission to sabotage German supply lines but are soon redirected to stop the 108th Heavy Tank Battalion from reaching the D-Day landings. Their orders are to complete this task at any cost. Near the start of the book, Rosie Clarke is killed.[26]
Scorched Earth scored an average rating on Goodreads of 4.3⁄5 from 401 votes.[33]
It was published in French under the title of L'ultimat Combat,[34] which translates to The Final Battle.
Characters[edit]
Main article: List of Henderson's Boys characters
See also[edit]
Children's literature portal
Boy Commandos
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Muchamore, Robert. "Mad Dogs". cherubcampus.com. Retrieved 14 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys". 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
^ Jump up to: a b "Meet the man behind the novels...". Newham Recorder. 2009-01-10. Retrieved 2009-01-30.
Jump up ^ "FAQ CHERUB: What does CHERUB stand for?". Retrieved 29 January 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: The Escape". Hachette Children's Books. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson’s Boys: The Escape by Robert Muchamore". The Children's War blog. 14 May 2012. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys: The Escape". hendersonsboys.com. Retrieved 7 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Clements, Toby. "The Escape Review". The Telegraph. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - The Escape". Goodreads. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 1 - L'Évasion" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: Eagle Day". Hachette Children's Books. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys: Eagle Day". hendersonsboys.com. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - Eagle Day". Goodreads. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 2 - Le Jour de l'aigle" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: Secret Army". Hachette Children's Books. Retrieved 31 August 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys: Secret Army". hendersonsboys.com. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 3: Secret Army". lovereading4kids.co.uk. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - Secret Army". Goodreads. Retrieved 11 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 3 - L'Armée secrète" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: Grey Wolves". Hachette Children's Books. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - Grey Wolves". Goodreads. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 4 - Opération U-Boot" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 12 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: The Prisoner". Hachette Children's Books. Retrieved 8 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Prisoner (Hendersons Boys) [Paperback]". Amazon.co.uk. Retrieved 2012-06-02.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys: The Prisoner". hendersonsboys.com. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Muchamore, Robert (September 30, 2010). "YouTube - Henderson's Boys - Grey Wolves & Beyond". YouTube. Retrieved 5 October 2010.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - The Prisoner". Goodreads. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 5 - Le Prisonnier" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: One Shot Kill". Hachette Children's Books. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - One Shot Kill". Goodreads. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 6 - One Shot Kill" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Robert Muchamore - Henderson's Boys: Scorched Earth". Hachette Children's Books.
Jump up ^ "Goodreads - Scorched Earth". Goodreads. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Henderson's Boys 7 - Scorched Earth" (in French). cherubcampus.fr. Retrieved 13 September 2014.
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