text:
Stress (linguistics)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Not to be confused with accent (sociolinguistics).
Primary stress
ˈ◌
IPA number
501
Encoding
Entity (decimal)
ˈ
Unicode (hex)
U+02C8
Secondary stress
ˌ◌
IPA number
502
Encoding
Entity (decimal)
ˌ
Unicode (hex)
U+02CC
In linguistics, and particularly phonology, stress or accent is relative emphasis or prominence given to a certain syllable in a word, or to a certain word in a phrase or sentence. This emphasis is typically caused by such properties as increased loudness and vowel length, full articulation of the vowel, and changes in pitch.[1][2] The terms stress and accent are often used synonymously in this context, but they are sometimes distinguished. For example, when emphasis is produced through pitch alone, it is called pitch accent, and when produced through length alone, it is called quantitative accent.[3] When caused by a combination of various intensified properties, it is called stress accent or dynamic accent; English uses what is called variable stress accent.
Since stress can be realised through a wide range of phonetic properties, such as loudness, vowel length, and pitch, which are also used for other linguistic functions, it is difficult to define stress solely phonetically.
The stress placed on syllables within words is called word stress or lexical stress. Some languages have fixed stress, meaning that the stress on virtually any multisyllable word falls on a particular syllable, such as the penultimate (e.g. Polish) or the first. Other languages, like English and Russian, have variable stress, where the position of stress in a word is not predictable in that way. Sometimes more than one level of stress, such as primary stress and secondary stress, may be identified. However, some languages, such as French and Mandarin, are sometimes analyzed as lacking lexical stress entirely.
The stress placed on words within sentences is called sentence stress or prosodic stress. This is one of the three components of prosody, along with rhythm and intonation. It includes phrasal stress (the default emphasis of certain words within phrases or clauses), and contrastive stress (used to highlight an item − a word, or occasionally just part of a word − that is given particular focus).
Contents
1 Phonetic realization
2 Lexical stress
2.1 Levels of stress
3 Prosodic stress
4 Stress and vowel reduction
5 Stress and rhythm
6 Historical effects of stress
7 Stress "deafness"
8 Spelling and notation for stress
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Phonetic realization[edit]
There are various ways in which stress manifests itself in the speech stream, and these depend to some extent on which language is being spoken. Stressed syllables are often louder than non-stressed syllables, and may have a higher or lower pitch. They may also sometimes be pronounced longer. There are sometimes differences in place or manner of articulation – in particular, vowels in unstressed syllables may have a more central (or "neutral") articulation, while those in stressed syllables have a more peripheral articulation. Stress may be realized to varying degrees on different words in a sentence; sometimes the difference between the acoustic signals of stressed and unstressed syllables are minimal.
These particular distinguishing features of stress, or types of prominence in which particular features are dominant, are sometimes referred to as particular types of accent – dynamic accent in the case of loudness, pitch accent in the case of pitch (although this term usually has more specialized meanings), quantitative accent in the case of length,[3] and qualitative accent in the case of differences in articulation. These can be compared to the various types of accent in music theory. In some contexts, the term stress or stress accent is used to mean specifically dynamic accent (or as an antonym to pitch accent in its various meanings).
A prominent syllable or word is said to be accented or tonic; the latter term does not imply that it carries phonemic tone. Other syllables or words are said to be unaccented or atonic. Syllables are frequently said to be in pretonic or post-tonic position; certain phonological rules apply specifically to such positions. For instance, in American English, /t/ and /d/ are flapped in post-tonic position.
In Mandarin Chinese, which is a tone language, stressed syllables have been found to have tones realized with a relatively large swing in fundamental frequency, while unstressed syllables typically have smaller swings.[4] (See also Stress in Standard Chinese.)
Stressed syllables are often perceived as being more forceful than non-stressed syllables. Research has shown, however, that although dynamic accent is accompanied by greater respiratory force, it does not mean a more forceful articulation in the vocal tract.[citation needed]
Lexical stress[edit]
Lexical stress, or word stress, is the stress placed on a given syllable in a word. The position of lexical stress in a word may depend on certain general rules applicable in the language or dialect in question, but in other languages, it must be learned for each word, as it is largely unpredictable.
Languages in which position of the stress can usually be predicted by a simple rule are said to have fixed stress. For example, in Czech, Finnish, Icelandic and Hungarian, the stress almost always comes on the first syllable of a word. In Armenian the stress is on the last syllable of a word.[5] In Quechua, Esperanto, and Polish, the stress is almost always on the penult (second-last syllable). In Macedonian, it is on the antepenult (third-last syllable).
Other languages have stress placed on different syllables but in a predictable way, as in Classical Arabic and Latin (whose stress is conditioned by the structure of the penult). They are said to have a regular stress rule.
Statements about the position of stress are sometimes affected by the fact that when a word is spoken in isolation, prosodic factors (see below) come into play, which do not apply when the word is spoken normally within a sentence. French words are sometimes said to be stressed on the final syllable, but that can be attributed to the prosodic stress that is placed on the last syllable (unless it is a schwa, when it is the second-last) of any string of words in that language. Thus, it is on the last syllable of a word analyzed in isolation. The situation is similar in Standard Chinese. French (some authors add Chinese[6]) can be considered to have no real lexical stress.
Languages in which the position of stress in a word is less predictable are said to have variable stress like English, Russian, Italian, Portuguese and Spanish. Stress is usually truly lexical and must be memorized as part of the pronunciation of an individual word. In some languages, such as in Spanish, in Portuguese, in Lakota and, to some extent in Italian, stress is even represented in writing using diacritical marks, for example in the Spanish words célebre and celebré. In Russian, diacritical marks are sometimes written for people learning the language, whether as a first or second language.
In such languages with variable stress, stress may be phonemic in that it can serve to distinguish otherwise identical words. For example, the English words insight and incite are distinguished in pronunciation only by the fact that the stress falls on the first syllable in the former and on the second syllable in the latter. Other examples include umschreiben ("rewrite") vs. umschreiben ("paraphrase, outline") in German, за́мок ("castle") vs. замо́к ("lock") in Russian, and ancora ("anchor"), ancora ("more, still, yet") in Italian, and the triple example sábia ("wise woman"), sabia ("know"), sabiá ("type of bird") from Portuguese. English compound nouns can change their meaning based on stress, as with paper bág (a bag made of paper) and páper bag (a bag for carrying newspapers).
Dialects of the same language may have different stress placement. For instance, the English word laboratory is stressed on the second syllable in British English (labóratory often pronounced "labóratry", the second o being silent), but the first syllable in American English, with a secondary stress on the "tor' syllable (láboratory often pronounced "lábratory"). The Spanish word video is stressed on the first syllable in Spain (vídeo) but on the second syllable in the Americas (vidéo). The Portuguese words for Madagascar and the continent Oceania are stressed on the third syllable in European Portuguese (Madagáscar and Oceânia), but on the fourth syllable in Brazilian Portuguese (Madagascar and Oceania).
Levels of stress[edit]
Main article: Secondary stress
Some languages are described as having both primary stress and secondary stress. A syllable with secondary stress is stressed relative to unstressed syllables but not as strongly as a syllable with primary stress. As with primary stress, the position of secondary stress may be more or less predictable depending on language. In English, it is not fully predictable: the words organization and accumulation both have primary stress on the fourth syllable, but the secondary stress comes on the first syllable in the former word and on the second syllable in the latter. In some analyses, for example the one found in Chomsky and Halle's The Sound Pattern of English, English has been described as having four levels of stress: primary, secondary, tertiary, and quaternary, but the treatments often disagree with one another.
Peter Ladefoged and other phoneticians have noted that it is possible to describe English with only one degree of stress, as long as unstressed syllables are phonemically distinguished for vowel reduction.[7] They believe that the multiple levels posited for English, whether primary–secondary or primary–secondary–tertiary, are mere phonetic detail and not true phonemic stress, and often, the alleged secondary stress is not characterized by the increase in respiratory activity normally associated with primary stress in English or with all stress in other languages. (For further detail see Stress and vowel reduction in English.)
Prosodic stress[edit]
Extra stress
ˈˈ◌
Prosodic stress, or sentence stress, refers to stress patterns that apply at a higher level than the individual word – namely within a prosodic unit. It may involve a certain natural stress pattern characteristic of a given language, but may also involve the placing of emphasis on particular words because of their relative importance (contrastive stress).
An example of a natural prosodic stress pattern is that described for French above; stress is placed on the final syllable of a string of words (or if that is a schwa, the next-to-final syllable). A similar pattern has been claimed for English (see § Levels of stress above): the traditional distinction between (lexical) primary and secondary stress is replaced partly by a prosodic rule stating that the final stressed syllable in a phrase is given additional stress. (A word spoken alone becomes such a phrase, hence such prosodic stress may appear to be lexical if the pronunciation of words is analyzed in a standalone context rather than within phrases.)
Another type of prosodic stress pattern is quantity sensitivity – in some languages additional stress tends to be placed on syllables that are longer (moraically heavy).
Prosodic stress is also often used pragmatically to emphasize (focus attention on) particular words or the ideas associated with them. Doing this can change or clarify the meaning of a sentence; for example:
I didn't take the test yesterday. (Somebody else did.)
I didn't take the test yesterday. (I did not take it.)
I didn't take the test yesterday. (I did something else with it.)
I didn't take the test yesterday. (I took a different one.)
I didn't take the test yesterday. (I took something else.)
I didn't take the test yesterday. (I took it some other day.)
As in the examples above, stress is normally transcribed as italics in printed text or underlining in handwriting.
In English, stress is most dramatically realized on focused or accented words. For instance, consider the dialogue
"Is it brunch tomorrow?"
"No, it's dinner tomorrow."
In it, the stress-related acoustic differences between the syllables of "tomorrow" would be small compared to the differences between the syllables of "dinner", the emphasized word. In these emphasized words, stressed syllables such as "din" in "dinner" are louder and longer.[8][9][10] They may also have a different fundamental frequency, or other properties.
The main stress within a sentence, often found on the last stressed word, is called the nuclear stress.[11]
Stress and vowel reduction[edit]
In many languages, such as Russian and English, vowel reduction may occur when a vowel changes from a stressed to an unstressed position. In English, unstressed vowels may reduce to schwa-like vowels, though the details vary with dialect (see Stress and vowel reduction in English). The effect may be dependent on lexical stress (for example, the unstressed first syllable of the word photographer contains a schwa /fəˈtɒɡrəfər/, whereas the stressed first syllable of photograph does not /ˈfoʊtəˌgræf -grɑːf/), or on prosodic stress (for example, the word of is pronounced with a schwa when it is unstressed within a sentence, but not when it is stressed).
Many other languages, such as Finnish and the mainstream dialects of Spanish, do not have unstressed vowel reduction; in these languages vowels in unstressed syllables have nearly the same quality as those in stressed syllables.
Stress and rhythm[edit]
Some languages, such as English, are said to be stress-timed languages; that is, stressed syllables appear at a roughly constant rate and non-stressed syllables are shortened to accommodate this. This contrasts with languages that have syllable timing (e.g. Spanish) or mora timing (e.g. Japanese), where syllables or moras are spoken at a roughly constant rate regardless of stress. For details, see Isochrony.
Historical effects of stress[edit]
It is common for stressed and unstressed syllables to behave differently as a language evolves. For example, in the Romance languages, the original Latin short vowels /e/ and /o/ have often become diphthongs when stressed. Since stress takes part in verb conjugation, this has produced verbs with vowel alternation in the Romance languages. For example, the Spanish verb volver has the form volví in the past tense but vuelvo in the present tense (see Spanish irregular verbs). Italian shows the same phenomenon but with /o/ alternating with /uo/ instead. This behavior is not confined to verbs; note for example Spanish viento "wind" from Latin ventum, or Italian fuoco "fire" from Latin focum.
Stress "deafness"[edit]
An operational definition of word stress may be provided by the stress "deafness" paradigm.[12] The idea is that if listeners perform poorly on reproducing the presentation order of series of stimuli that minimally differ in the position of phonetic prominence (e.g. [númi]/[numí]), the language doesn't have word stress. The task involves a reproduction of the order of stimuli as a sequence of key strokes, whereby key '1' is associated with one stress location (e.g. [númi]) and key '2' with the other (e.g. [numí]). A trial may be from 2 to 6 stimuli in length. Thus, the order [númi-númi-numí-númi] is to be reproduced as '1121'. It was found that listeners whose native language was French performed significantly worse than Spanish listeners in reproducing the stress patterns by key strokes. The explanation is that Spanish has lexically contrastive stress, as evidenced by the minimal pairs like tópo ("mole") and topó ("met"), while in French, stress does not convey lexical information and there is no equivalent of stress minimal pairs as in Spanish.
Spelling and notation for stress[edit]
The orthographies of some languages include devices for indicating the position of lexical stress. Some examples are listed below:
In Modern Greek, all polysyllables are written with an acute accent over the vowel of the stressed syllable. (The acute accent is also used on some monosyllables in order to distinguish homographs, as in η ("the") and ή ("or"); here the stress of the two words is the same.)
In Spanish orthography, stress may be written explicitly with a single acute accent on a vowel. Stressed antepenultimate syllables are always written with this accent mark, as in árabe. If the last syllable is stressed, the accent mark is used if the word ends in the letters n, s, or a vowel, as in está. If the penultimate syllable is stressed, the accent is used if the word ends in any other letter, as in cárcel. That is, if a word is written without an accent mark, the stress is on the penult if the last letter is a vowel, n, or s, but on the final syllable if the word ends in any other letter. However, as in Greek, the acute accent is also used for some words to distinguish various syntactical uses (e.g. té "tea" vs. te a form of the pronoun tú; dónde "where" as a pronoun or wh-complement, donde "where" as an adverb). For more information, see Stress in Spanish.
In Portuguese, stress is sometimes indicated explicitly with an acute accent (for i, u, and open a, e, o), or circumflex (for close a, e, o). The orthography has an extensive set of rules that describe the placement of diacritics, based on the position of the stressed syllable and the surrounding letters.
In Italian, the grave accent is needed in words ending with an accented vowel, e.g. città, "city", and in some monosyllabic words that might otherwise be confused with other words, like là ("there") and la ("the"). It is optional for it to be written on any vowel if there is a possibility of misunderstanding, such as condomìni ("condominiums") and condòmini ("joint owners"). See Italian alphabet § Diacritics.
Though not part of normal orthography, a number of devices exist that are used by linguists and others to indicate the position of stress (and syllabification in some cases) when it is desirable to do so. Some of these are listed here.
In the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA), primary stress is indicated by a high vertical line before the stressed element, secondary stress by a low vertical line. For example, [sɪˌlæbəfɪˈkeɪʃən] or /sɪˌlæbəfɪˈkeɪʃən/. Extra stress can be indicated by doubling the symbol: ˈˈ◌. Most commonly, the stress mark is placed before the beginning of the stressed syllable, where a syllable is definable. However, it is occasionally placed immediately before the vowel.[13]
Linguists frequently mark primary stress with an acute accent over the vowel, and secondary stress by a grave accent. Example: [sɪlæ̀bəfɪkéɪʃən] or /sɪlæ̀bəfɪkéɪʃən/. This has the advantage that it does not require a decision about syllable boundaries.
In English dictionaries that show pronunciation by respelling, stress is typically marked with a prime mark placed after the stressed syllable: /si-lab′-ə-fi-kay′-shən/.
In ad hoc pronunciation guides, stress is often indicated using a combination of bold text and capital letters. For example, si-lab-if-i-KAY-shun or si-LAB-if-i-KAY-shun
In Russian and Ukrainian dictionaries, stress is indicated with an acute accent (´) on a syllable's vowel (example: вимовля́ння) or, in other editions, an apostrophe[14] just after it (example: гла'сная). Stressing is rare in general texts, but is still used when necessary: compare за́мок (castle) and замо́к (lock). Stress marks are generally used only in materials for foreign learners of the language.
In Dutch, ad hoc indication of stress is usually marked by an acute accent on the vowel (or, in the case of a diphthong or double vowel, the first two vowels) of the stressed syllable. Compare achterúítgang (deterioration) and áchteruitgang (back exit).
In Biblical Hebrew, a complex system of cantillation marks is used to mark stress, as well as verse syntax and the melody according to which the verse is chanted in ceremonial Bible reading. In Modern Hebrew, there is no standardized way to mark the stress. Most often, the cantillation mark oleh (part of oleh ve-yored), which looks like a left-pointing arrow above the consonant of the stressed syllable, for example ב֫וקר bóker (morning) as opposed to בוק֫ר bokér (cowboy). This mark is usually used in books by the Academy of the Hebrew Language, and it is available on the standard Hebrew keyboard at AltGr-6. In some books other marks, such as meteg, are used.
See also[edit]
Accent (poetry)
Accent (music)
Foot (prosody)
Initial-stress-derived noun
Pitch accent (intonation)
Pitch-accent language
Rhythm
Syllable weight
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Fry, D.B. (1955). "Duration and intensity as physical correlates of linguistic stress. Journal of the Acoustical Society of America". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 27: 765–768.
Jump up ^ Fry, D.B. (1958). "Experiments in the perception of stress". Language and Speech. 1: 126–152.
^ Jump up to: a b G. H. Monrad-Krohn, "The prosodic quality of speech and its disorders (a brief survey from a neurologist's point of view)", Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica, vol. 22, issue 3-4, pp. 255-269.
Jump up ^ Kochanski, G., Shih, C., Jing, H.; Quantitative Measurement of Prosodic Strength in Mandarin, Speech Communication 41(4), November 2003, doi:10.1016/S0167-6393(03)00100-6
Jump up ^ Mirakyan, Norayr (2016). "The Implications of Prosodic Differences Between English and Armenian" (PDF). Collection of Scientific Articles of YSU SSS. YSU Press. 1.3 (13): 91–96.
Jump up ^ San Duanmu (2000), The Phonology of Standard Chinese, Oxford University Press, p. 134.
Jump up ^ Ladefoged (1975 etc.) A course in phonetics § 5.4; (1980) Preliminaries to linguistic phonetics p 83
Jump up ^ M. E. Beckman, Stress and Non-Stress Accent, Dordrecht: Foris (1986) ISBN 90-6765-243-1
Jump up ^ R. Silipo and S. Greenberg, Automatic Transcription of Prosodic Stress for Spontaneous English Discourse, Proceedings of the XIVth International Congress of Phonetic Sciences (ICPhS99), San Francisco, CA, August 1999, pages 2351–2354
Jump up ^ G. Kochanski, E. Grabe, J. Coleman and B. Rosner, Journal of the Acoustical Society of America, volume 118, number 2, pages 1038–1054, doi:10.1121/1.1923349
Jump up ^ Iggy Roca, Thematic Structure: Its Role in Grammar, Walter de Gruyter 1992, p. 80.
Jump up ^ Dupoux, Emmanuel; Peperkamp, Sharon; Sebastián-Gallés, Núria (2001-09-01). "A robust method to study stress "deafness"". The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America. 110 (3): 1606–1618. doi:10.1121/1.1380437. ISSN 0001-4966.
Jump up ^ Payne, E. M. (2005) "Phonetic variation in Italian consonant gemination", Journal of the International Phonetic Association, 35: 153–181.
Jump up ^ Dalʹ, Vladimir Ivanovich (1903). Tolkovyĭ Slovarʹ Zhivogo Velikorusskago I︠a︡zyka. I. A. Boduėna-de-Kurtene (ed.) (3., ispr. i znachitel'no dop. izd ed.). Sankt-Peterburg: Izd. T-va M.O. Vol'f. p. 4.
External links[edit]
Feet and Metrical Stress (The Cambridge Handbook of Phonology)
Word stress in English The six fundamental rules
Word Stress rules based on affixation
hide
v
t
e
Suprasegmentals
Timing
Syllable
Mora
Metrical foot
Vowel reduction
Tone
Tone contour
Pitch accent
Register
Downstep
Upstep
Downdrift
Tone terracing
Floating tone
Tone sandhi
Tone letter
Stress
Secondary stress
Vowel reduction
Accent
Length
Chroneme
Gemination
Vowel length
Extra-short
Prosody
Intonation (pitch)
Pitch contour
Pitch reset
Stress
Rhythm
Loudness
Prosodic unit
Pausa
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Stress_(linguistics)&oldid=865617413"
Categories:
Phonetics
Stress (linguistics)
Phonology
Poetic rhythm
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014
Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
বাংলা
Башҡортса
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Български
Brezhoneg
Català
Чӑвашла
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Frysk
Galego
Ido
Interlingua
Ирон
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Қазақша
Kiswahili
Latina
Lietuvių
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk nynorsk
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
Polski
Português
Русиньскый
Русский
Seeltersk
Sicilianu
Slovenčina
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
Українська
Võro
Walon
中文
43 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 25 October 2018, at 02:01 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

attrs: title class

values: Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

values: font-size: 5em; line-height: 1.2em; vertical-align: super; font-weight: normal;

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/IPA_number
mw-redirect
IPA number

values:
/wiki/Phrase_(linguistics)
mw-redirect
Phrase (linguistics)

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Neutral_vowel
mw-redirect
Neutral vowel

values:
/wiki/Phonemic_tone
mw-redirect
Phonemic tone

values:
/wiki/Intervocalic_alveolar_flapping
mw-redirect
Intervocalic alveolar flapping

values:
/wiki/Tone_language
mw-redirect
Tone language

values:
/wiki/Stress_in_Standard_Chinese
mw-redirect
Stress in Standard Chinese

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2014)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Armenian_Language
mw-redirect
Armenian Language

values:
/wiki/Quechua_language
mw-redirect
Quechua language

values:
/wiki/Stress_in_Macedonian_language
mw-redirect
Stress in Macedonian language

values:
/wiki/Compound_nouns
mw-redirect
Compound nouns

values:
/wiki/Unstressed_vowel
mw-redirect
Unstressed vowel

values: padding-left: 3em; padding-right:0em; overflow: hidden;

values: Edit section: Stress and vowel reduction

values:
/wiki/Spoken_Finnish
mw-redirect
Spoken Finnish

values: Edit section: Historical effects of stress

values: Edit section: Spelling and notation for stress

values:
/wiki/Italian_alphabet#Diacritics
mw-redirect
Italian alphabet

values:
/wiki/A_course_in_phonetics
mw-redirect
A course in phonetics

values:
nofollow
external text
https://doi.org/10.1121%2F1.1923349

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1121%2F1.1380437

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0001-4966

values:
nofollow
http://www.wordstress.info/
external text

values:
/wiki/Pitch_accent
mw-redirect
Pitch accent

values:
/wiki/Accent_(phonetics)
mw-redirect
Accent (phonetics)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: navigation navbox Suprasegmentals text-align:left;;padding:3px

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2014

values: Category:Articles which use infobox templates with no data rows

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Stress_(linguistics)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values: শ্বাসাঘাত – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ba
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Націск – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values: Ударение – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-br
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values: Пусăм (фонетика) – Chuvash

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acen
Acen – Welsh
cy
cy
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: Τονισμός – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akcento
Akcento – Esperanto
eo
eo
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eo
display: none;

values:
https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azentu
Azentu – Basque
eu
eu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values: تکیه (زبان‌شناسی) – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fy
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values:
https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acento
Acento – Ido
io
io
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-io
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ia
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-os
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-is
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: הטעמה – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values: Екпін – Kazakh

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mkazo
Mkazo – Swahili
sw
sw
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sw
display: none;

values:
https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accentus
Accentus – Latin
la
la
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kirtis
Kirtis – Lithuanian
lt
lt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lt
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klemtoon
Klemtoon – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values: ਦਬਾਅ (ਭਾਸ਼ਾ ਵਿਗਿਆਨ) – Punjabi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Притиск – Rusyn

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-rue
display: none;

values: Ударение – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-stq
display: none;

values:
https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Accentu
Accentu – Sicilian
scn
scn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Betoning
Betoning – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vurgu
Vurgu – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-wa
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Stress_linguistics rootpage-Stress_linguistics skin-vector action-view


text:
Nigerian Civil Service
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Nigeria
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Nigeria
Constitution
Human rights
President (list)
Muhammadu Buhari
Vice President
Yemi Osinbajo
Cabinet
Federal Parastatals
National Assembly
Senate
House of Representatives
Supreme Court
Subdivisions
States
State governors
Local Government Areas
Recent elections
Presidential: 2011
2015
Parliamentary: 2011
2015
Political parties
Foreign relations
Nigeria portal
Other countries
Atlas
v
t
e
The Nigerian Civil Service consists of employees in Nigerian government agencies other than the military and police. Most employees are career civil servants in the Nigerian ministries, progressing based on qualifications and seniority. Recently the head of the service has been introducing measures to make the ministries more efficient and responsive to the public.[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Organization
3 Budget
4 Permanent Secretaries
5 Mass Sacking Of Permanent Secretaries by President Buhari
5.1 Ministries
5.2 Commissions
5.3 Internal departments
5.4 Unassigned
6 See also
7 References
History[edit]
The word civil is derived from an old french word "civil" which means "relating to law" and directly from Latin word "civilis" which means "relating to citizen". while the word service is derived from an old french word "servise" which means "aids". The Nigerian Civil Service has its origins in organizations established by the British in colonial times. Nigeria gained full independence in October 1960 under a constitution that provided for a parliamentary government and a substantial measure of self-government for the country's three regions. Since then, various panels have studied and made recommendations for reforming of the Civil Service, including the Margan Commission of 1963, the Adebo Commission of 1971 and the Udoji Commission of 1972-74. A major change occurred with the adoption in 1979 of a constitution modeled on that of the United States. The Dotun Philips Panel of 1985 attempted to reform to the Civil Service. The 1988 Civil Service Reorganization Decree promulgated by General Ibrahim Babangida had a major impact on the structure and efficiency of the Civil Service. The later report of the Ayida Panel made recommendations to reverse some of the past innovations and to return to the more efficient Civil Service of earlier years.[3] The Civil Service has been undergoing gradual and systematic reforms and restructuring since May 29, 1999 after decades of military rule.[4] However, the civil service is still considered stagnant and inefficient, and the attempts made in the past by panels have had little effect.[5]
In August 2009 the Head of the Civil Service, Stephen Osagiede Oronsaye, proposed reforms where permanent secretaries and directors would spend a maximum of eight years in office. The reform, approved by President Umaru Yar'Adua, would result in massive retirement of Permanent Secretaries and Directors, many of whom are from the North.[6] Stephen Oronsaye has said that his goal is for the Nigerian civil service to be among the best organized and managed in the world.[7] Oronsaye retired in November 2010 at the statutory age of 60 and was succeeded by Oladapo Afolabi.[8]
Organization[edit]
The civil service is mainly organized around the federal ministries, headed by a minister appointed by the President of Nigeria, who must include at least one member of each of the 36 states in his cabinet. The President's appointments are confirmed by the Senate of Nigeria. There are less than 36 ministries. In some cases a Federal minister is responsible for more than one ministry(e.g. Environment and Housing may be combined)and a minister may be assisted by one or more ministers of State. Each ministry also has a Permanent Secretary, who is a senior civil servant. The ministries are responsible for various[parastatals(government-owned corporations) such as universities (Education), National Broadcasting Commission, Information and Nigerian National Petroleum Corporation. Other parastatals are the responsibility of the Office of the Presidency, such as the Independent National Electoral Commission, the Economic and Financial Crimes Commission and the Federal Civil Service Commission. The service has six additional units which provide services to all departments on the Civil Service:
Establishments & Record Office (E&RO)
Career Management Office (CMO)
Manpower Development Office (MDO)
Management Services Office (MSO)
Common Services Office (CSO)
Bureau of Public Service Reforms (BPSR)
Budget[edit]
A sense of the relative expenditure on the different areas is given by the table below, which shows the 2008 budget for Federal ministries, departments and agencies.[9]
MDA (Ministry, Department or Agency)
Budget (Naira)
Agriculture & Water Resources 113,673,666,845
Auditor-General 2,477,435,789
Code of Conduct Bureau 1,126,777,207
Commerce and Industry 7,758,202,700
Culture & National Orientation 11,655,900,664
Defense 151,940,617,034
Education 210,444,818,579
Energy 139,783,534,336
Environment, Housing and Urban Development 15,915,443,907
Federal Capital Territory 37,958,110,000
Federal Character Commission 2,366,945,741
Federal Civil Service Commission 925,690,890
Health 138,179,657,132
Transportation 124,444,316,123
Finance 11,777,469,168
Foreign & Intergovernmental Affairs 40,873,686,687
Independent Corrupts Practices Commission 3,588,338,165
Independent National Electoral Commission 12,693,517,785
Information & Communications 18,183,376,503
Interior 266,371,519,798
Justice 12,695,948,416
Labour and Productivity 6,142,634,383
Mines and Steel Development 6,592,555,334
National Planning Commission 6,400,000,000
National Population Commission 5,219,851,968
National Salaries, Income and Wages Commission 441,347,573
National Sports Commission 5,562,611,171
Office of the Head of the Civil Service 6,836,928,125
Police Service Commission 599,570,075
Public Complaints Commission 2,008,996,208
Revenue Mobilization Allocation and Fiscal Allocation Commission 2,370,007,697
Science and Technology 16,306,271,658
Women Affairs 2,988,935,104
Youth Development 45,591,142,712
Note: As of January 2008, one Naira was worth about 0.0057 Euros, or 0.0084 US Dollars.[1]
Permanent Secretaries[edit]
Permanent secretaries head the civil service departments. In August 2009, Stephen Oronsaye announced a major reshuffle where almost half of the permanent secretaries were assigned to new departments.[10] A partial list of the new line-up as of December 2009 follows:[11]
Mass Sacking Of Permanent Secretaries by President Buhari[edit]
On November 10,2015, President Muhammadu Buhari summoned all the permanent secretaries to the Presidential Villa in Aso Rock and sacked all 17 of them; their terminations in force with immediate effect.[12] [13]
Ministries[edit]
Name
Ministry
Joined
Service
Current
Position
Dr. Oderinde idowu yusuf Agriculture & Rural Development 2010 present
Idris Adamu Kuta Aviation
Dr A.K. Mohammed Commerce & Industry
Sheidu Bello Ozigis Culture, Tourism & National Orientation 1976-11-30 2005-12-21
Ezikiel O. Oyemomi Defense
Dr. Folasade Yemi-Esan Education
Dr. Safiya Muhammed Environment 1982-01-19 2001-01-01
Dr. Ochi C. Achinivu Finance
Amb J C Keshi Foreign Affairs
Binta A. Bello Health
Ammuna Lawan-Ali Information & Communication 1977-02-17 2001-01-01
Dr A.S Adegoroye Interior
Abdullahi Yola Justice
Dr. Haruna Usman Sanusi Labour 1977-07-01 2001-04-09
Suleiman D. Kassim Mines & Steel Development 1978-08-01 2005-12-21
Elizabeth B.P. Emuren Petroleum 1980-12 2005-12-21
I B Sali Power
Dr N A Damachi Science and Technology
A. S. Olayisade Transport
Dr D B Ibe Women Affairs
Dr. Tukur. B. Ingawa Works, Housing and Urban Development
Danladi I Kifasi Youth Development
Commissions[edit]
Name
Commission
Joined
Service
Current
Position
Deaconess Joan Ayo Federal Civil Service Commission
Dr. Yahaya A. Abdullahi Niger Delta
Bukar Goni Aji Police Affairs
Engr (Mrs) E.G. Gonda Police Service Commission
S. D. Matankari State House 1977-08-01 2001-11-01
theophilus erebho, unn, PALG
Internal departments[edit]
Name
Department
Joined
Service
Current
Position
S.A.D Osuagwu OHCSF ---
T.O Iroche OHCSF ---
Dr. (Mrs.) E. A. Abebe OHCSF (CSO)
B. U. Maitambari OSGF SSO 1976-08-03 1999-06-14
Dr Alex Chike Anigbo OSGF-PAO
S. Oronsaye OHOSF 1995-12-18 2001-04-09
M. N. B. Danbatta OHOSF-ERO 1980-07-01 2001-01-01
Pius I Major OHOSF-MDO
Dr. Imoro Kubor OSGF (Ecological Funds)
Dr. Hakeem Baba-Ahmed OSGF (GSO) 1978-08-16 1999-03-18
E. I. Ogbile OSGF -CS
Garba Buwai OSGF-EAO 1979-01-01 2001-01-01
Unassigned[edit]
Name
Joined
Service
Current
Position
Dr. Lanre Femi 1980-08-01 2001-01-01
Ibrahim Talba 1981-10-19 2001-01-01
Engr. S. M. Mahmood 1974-07-12 2002-07-15
Prof. Ignatius A. Ayua, SAN, OFR 1974-06 2003-03-05
Dr. (Mrs) Timiebi K. Agary 1980-04-18 2003-12-18
Engr. Raymond N. Okenwa 1981-07 2005-12-21
See also[edit]
Federal Ministries of Nigeria
Politics of Nigeria
Civil Service Commission of Nigeria
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Habeeb I. Pindiga (26 October 200). "New Service Tenure - Oronsaye, FCSC Boss Clash Over Exams". Daily Trust. Retrieved 2009-12-21. Check date values in: |date= (help)
Jump up ^ "FG to train 4600 civil servants -- HOSF". News Agency of Nigeria. Dec 9, 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-21. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "BACKGROUND TO THE NIGERIAN CIVIL SERVICE". Office of the Head of Service of the Federation. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
Jump up ^ Ali Sani Mahmud BABURA (6 March 2003). "LEADING PUBLIC SERVICE INNOVATION: THE CASE OF THE NIGERIAN CIVIL SERVICE AND FEDERAL CIVIL SERVICE COMMISSION" (PDF). Federal Civil Service Commission. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
Jump up ^ "New Policy in The Civil Service". Daily Trust. 2 September 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
Jump up ^ "Ripples of tenure system in the civil service". Nigerian Tribune. 18 Sep 2009. Retrieved 2009-12-20. [dead link]
Jump up ^ Atiku S. Sarki (June 19, 2009). "‘Nigerian civil service‘ll be best in Africa’". Daily Triumph. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
Jump up ^ Daniel Idonor & Emma Ovuakporie (NOVEMBER 16, 2010 · in NEWS). "Jonathan appoints Afolabi Head of Service as Oronsaye retires". Vanguard (Nigeria). Retrieved 2011-06-01. Check date values in: |date= (help)
Jump up ^ "FEDERAL GOVERNMENT OF NIGERIA 2008 BUDGET". Federal Ministry Of Finance. Retrieved 2009-12-21. horizontal tab character in |title= at position 30 (help)
Jump up ^ Franca Ochigbo (2009-08-13). "Yar’Adua moves Perm Secs". The Nation. Retrieved 2009-12-21.
Jump up ^ "Permanent Secretaries". Office of the Head of Service of the Federation. Retrieved 2009-12-20.
Jump up ^ http://www.vanguardngr.com/2015/11/buhari-sacks-permanent-secretaries/
Jump up ^ http://www.xtremeloaded.com/4681/see-full-list-of-buhari-s-ministerial-nominees
[show]
v
t
e
Federal Ministries of Nigeria
Federal ministries
Agriculture
Aviation
Commerce and Industry
Defence
Education
Energy (Gas, Petroleum and Power)
Environment
Federal Capital Territory
Finance
Foreign Affairs
Health
Information & Communications
Interior
Justice
Labour
Lands, Housing & Urban Development
Mines and Steel Development
Niger Delta
Science & Technology
Transportation
Tourism, Culture & National Orientation
Water Resources
Women Affairs
Works
Youth Development
Commissions
Federal Civil Service
National Sports
National Planning
Police Affairs
Police Formation and Command
State House
[hide]
v
t
e
Civil service
Concepts
Public sector
Government agency
Bureaucracy
Bureaucrat
Technocracy
Diplomat
Public administration
Public policy
Public service
By country
Australia
Bangladesh
Brazil
Canada
China
European Union
France
Germany
Hong Kong
India
Ireland
Italy
Japan
Malaysia
New Zealand
Nigeria
Northern Ireland
Pakistan
Russia
Singapore
Sri Lanka
United Kingdom
United States
Categories
National civil service commissions
Government occupations
Civil service by country
See also: Civil service reform in developing countries
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nigerian_Civil_Service&oldid=764729446"
Categories:
Civil service in Nigeria
Public administration
Government of Nigeria
Federal Ministries of Nigeria
Hidden categories:
CS1 errors: dates
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from October 2010
CS1 errors: invisible characters
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 10 February 2017, at 16:29.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href title

value: span

attrs: class style

values: adr font-size:smaller

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

values:
/wiki/Politics_of_Nigeria
mw-redirect
Politics of Nigeria

values:
/wiki/Senate_(Nigeria)
mw-redirect
Senate (Nigeria)

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: padding:0 0.1em 0.4em;text-align:left;border-bottom:1px #aaa solid;;padding-top:0.2em; text-align: center;

values: padding:0.3em 0.4em 0.3em;font-weight:bold;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/Umaru_Yar%27Adua
mw-redirect
Umaru Yar'Adua

values: Economic and Financial Crimes Commission

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
nofollow
external text
http://federalcharacter.gov.ng

values:
wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter
1
text-align:right

values: Edit section: Mass Sacking Of Permanent Secretaries by President Buhari

values: Oderinde idowu yusuf (page does not exist)

values:
wikitable sortable jquery-tablesorter
1
text-align:left

values:
nofollow
external text
http://hosf.gov.ng/civil_service_2

values: Template talk:Federal Ministries of Nigeria

values: Nigerian Federal Ministry of Agriculture

values:
/wiki/Nigerian_Ministry_of_Defence
mw-redirect
Nigerian Ministry of Defence

values: Federal Capital Territory Administration

values:
/wiki/Nigerian_Ministry_of_Finance
mw-redirect
Nigerian Ministry of Finance

values:
/wiki/Ministry_of_Interior_(Nigeria)
mw-redirect
Ministry of Interior (Nigeria)

values:
/wiki/Nigerian_Ministry_of_Labour
mw-redirect
Nigerian Ministry of Labour

values: Nigerian Mines and Steel Development Ministry

values:
/wiki/Niger_Delta_Ministry
mw-redirect
Niger Delta Ministry

values: Nigerian Ministry of Science & Technology

values: Nigerian Federal Ministry of Water Resources (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Civil Service of the People's Republic of China

values: Civil Service of the Republic of Ireland

values: Public sector organisations in New Zealand

values: Category:National civil service commissions

values: nowraplinks collapsible uncollapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from October 2010

values: Category:CS1 errors: invisible characters

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Nigerian_Civil_Service
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Nigerian_Civil_Service rootpage-Nigerian_Civil_Service skin-vector action-view


text:
National Crime Victimization Survey
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), administered by the Bureau of Justice Statistics, is a national survey of approximately 49,000[1] to 77,400[2] households twice a year in the United States, on the frequency of crime victimization, as well as characteristics and consequences of victimization. The survey focuses on gathering information on the following crimes: assault, burglary, larceny, motor vehicle theft, rape, and robbery. The survey results are used for the purposes of building a crime index. It has been used in comparison with the Uniform Crime Reports and the National Incident Based Reporting System to assess the dark figure of crime.[3] The NCVS survey is comparable to the British Crime Survey conducted in the United Kingdom.
The NCVS began in 1972 and was developed from work done by the National Opinion Research Center and the President's Commission on Law Enforcement and Administration of Justice. A key finding of the survey was the realization that many crimes were not reported to the police.
Contents
[hide]
1 Methodology
2 See also
3 References
4 Further reading
5 External links
Methodology[edit]
NCVS surveys households randomly selected from a stratified multistage cluster sample, with the interviews administered by the United States Census Bureau.[4] This methodology has some disadvantages for surveying domestic violence crimes, since the entire selected household (above age 12) is interviewed instead of just one member selected.[4] The selected household remains in the survey sample for three years, with interviews conducted every six months.[5] Critics also argue that there is no way to verify much of the information gathered.
NCVS also includes supplemental questions, which allow periodic questions to be asked regarding such topics as school violence or attitudes toward crime or police.[6]
In response to criticism of the survey design, the NCVS was redesigned in the late 1980s. The survey redesign also incorporated improved survey methodology and asks more direct questions. The redesign went through testing and evaluation before being fully implemented in the 1992-1993 survey.[7]
See also[edit]
Uniform Crime Reports
Defensive gun use
List of household surveys in the United States
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.icpsr.umich.edu/icpsrweb/NACJD/NCVS/
Jump up ^ BJS crime and victims statistics
Jump up ^ Walsh, Anthony; Hemmens, Craig (2014). Introduction to Criminology: A Text/Reader (3rd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: SAGE Publications, Inc. ISBN 978-1-4522-5820-1.
^ Jump up to: a b Tjaden, P. and N. Thoennes (2000). "Full Report of the Prevalence, Incidence, and Consequences of Intimate Partner Violence Against Women: Findings from the National Violence Against Women Survey" (PDF). National Institute of Justice. NCJ 183781.
Jump up ^ Wallace, Harvey (2004). Family Violence: Legal, Medical, and Social Perspectives. Allyn & Bacon. p. 8. ISBN 0-205-41822-8.
Jump up ^ "National Crime Victimization Survey: Interviewing Manual for Field Representatives" (PDF). Bureau of Justice Statistics. February 2003. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-12. Retrieved 2007-06-21.
Jump up ^ "National Crime Victimization Survey Redesign - Fact Sheet" (PDF). Bureau of Justice Statistics. October 1995. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-06-12. Retrieved 2007-06-21.
Further reading[edit]
Lynch, J. P., & Addington, L. A. (2007). Understanding crime statistics: revisiting the divergence of the NCVS and UCR. Cambridge studies in criminology. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-86204-2
External links[edit]
Crime Statistics - Bureau of Justice Statistics
National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) Series - ICPSR (data distributor)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=National_Crime_Victimization_Survey&oldid=787334128"
Categories:
United States Department of Justice
Crime statistics
United States Census Bureau
Surveys
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 24 June 2017, at 20:15.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: b

value: sup

values:
/wiki/Crime_index
mw-redirect
Crime index

values:
/wiki/British_Crime_Survey
mw-redirect
British Crime Survey

values:
/wiki/National_Opinion_Research_Center
mw-redirect
National Opinion Research Center

values: National Criminal Justice Reference Service

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:United States Department of Justice

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page (page does not exist) [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-National_Crime_Victimization_Survey rootpage-National_Crime_Victimization_Survey skin-vector action-view


text:
List of Academy Award Best Actor winners by age
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This is a list of winners of the Academy Award for Performance by an Actor in a Leading Role, presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)[1] to an actor who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry. More popularly known as the Academy Award (or the Oscar) for Best Actor, this award was initially presented at the 1st Academy Awards ceremony for 1927–1928 and was most recently presented at the 88th Academy Awards ceremony for 2015.[2] Throughout the past 88 years, accounting for ties and repeat winners, AMPAS has presented a total of 90 Best Actor awards to 79 actors. This list is current as of the 89th Academy Awards ceremony held on February 26, 2017.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 List of winners
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
List of winners[edit]
#
Actor
Film
Date of birth
Date of award
Age upon
receiving award
Date of death
Lifespan
Notes
1 Jannings, EmilEmil Jannings The Way of All Flesh and The Last CommandThe Last Command,
The Way of All Flesh 1884-07-23(1884-07-23)July 23, 1884 May 16, 1929 (1929-05-16) 44-2977004163670000000000♠44 years, 297 days 1950-01-02(1950-01-02)January 2, 1950 23,903 days (7004239030000000000♠65 years, 163 days) Held record as oldest winner for 2 award ceremonies (from the 1st to the 3rd, May 1929–November 1930 [1 year, 6 months])
2 Baxter, WarnerWarner Baxter In Old ArizonaIn Old Arizona 1889-03-29(1889-03-29)March 29, 1889 April 3, 1930 (1930-04-03) 41-0057004149790000000000♠41 years, 5 days 1951-05-07(1951-05-07)May 7, 1951 22,683 days (7004226830000000000♠62 years, 39 days) Held record as youngest winner for 3 award ceremonies (from the 2nd to the 5th, April 1930–November 1932 [2 years, 7 months])
3 Arliss, GeorgeGeorge Arliss DisraeliDisraeli 1868-04-10(1868-04-10)April 10, 1868 November 5, 1930 (1930-11-05) 62-2097004228530000000000♠62 years, 209 days 1946-02-05(1946-02-05)February 5, 1946 28,424 days (7004284240000000000♠77 years, 301 days) Held record as oldest winner for 39 award ceremonies (from the 3rd to the 42nd, November 1930–April 1970 [39 years, 5 months])
4 Barrymore, LionelLionel Barrymore Free SoulA Free Soul 1878-04-28(1878-04-28)April 28, 1878 November 10, 1931 (1931-11-10) 53-2127004195530000000000♠53 years, 196 days 1954-11-15(1954-11-15)November 15, 1954 27,959 days (7004279590000000000♠76 years, 201 days)
5 Beery, WallaceWallace Beery ChampThe Champ 1885-04-01(1885-04-01)April 1, 1885 November 18, 1932 (1932-11-18) 47-2317004173970000000000♠47 years, 231 days 1949-04-15(1949-04-15)April 15, 1949 23,389 days (7004233890000000000♠64 years, 14 days) Tie
6 March, FredricFredric March Dr Jekyll and Mr. HydeDr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde 1897-08-31(1897-08-31)August 31, 1897 November 18, 1932 (1932-11-18) 35-0797004128620000000000♠35 years, 79 days 1975-04-14(1975-04-14)April 14, 1975 28,349 days (7004283490000000000♠77 years, 226 days) Tie; 1st of 2
Held record as youngest winner for 1 award ceremony (from the 5th to the 6th, November 1932–March 1934 [1 year, 4 months])
7 Laughton, CharlesCharles Laughton Private Life Of Henry 8The Private Life of Henry VIII 1899-07-01(1899-07-01)July 1, 1899 March 16, 1934 (1934-03-16) 34-2587004126760000000000♠34 years, 258 days 1962-12-15(1962-12-15)December 15, 1962 23,177 days (7004231770000000000♠63 years, 167 days) Held record as youngest winner for 1 award ceremony (from the 6th to the 7th, March 1934–February 1935)
8 Gable, ClarkClark Gable It Happened One NightIt Happened One Night 1901-02-01(1901-02-01)February 1, 1901 February 27, 1935 (1935-02-27) 34-0267004124440000000000♠34 years, 26 days 1960-11-16(1960-11-16)November 16, 1960 21,838 days (7004218380000000000♠59 years, 289 days) Held record as youngest winner for 6 award ceremonies (from the 7th to the 13th, February 1935–February 1941)
9 Mclaglen, VictorVictor McLaglen InformerThe Informer 1886-12-10(1886-12-10)December 10, 1886 March 5, 1936 (1936-03-05) 49-0867004179820000000000♠49 years, 86 days 1959-11-07(1959-11-07)November 7, 1959 26,629 days (7004266290000000000♠72 years, 332 days)
10 Muni, PaulPaul Muni Story Of Louis PasteurThe Story of Louis Pasteur 1895-09-22(1895-09-22)September 22, 1895 March 4, 1937 (1937-03-04) 41-1637004151380000000000♠41 years, 163 days 1967-08-25(1967-08-25)August 25, 1967 26,269 days (7004262690000000000♠71 years, 337 days)
11 Tracy, SpencerSpencer Tracy Captains CourageousCaptains Courageous 1900-04-05(1900-04-05)April 5, 1900 March 10, 1938 (1938-03-10) 37-3397004138530000000000♠37 years, 339 days 1967-06-10(1967-06-10)June 10, 1967 24,537 days (7004245370000000000♠67 years, 66 days) 1st of 2
12 Tracy, SpencerSpencer Tracy Boys TownBoys Town 1900-04-05(1900-04-05)April 5, 1900 February 23, 1939 (1939-02-23) 38-3247004142030000000000♠38 years, 324 days 1967-06-10(1967-06-10)June 10, 1967 24,537 days (7004245370000000000♠67 years, 66 days) 2nd of 2
13 Donat, RobertRobert Donat Goodbye Mr ChipsGoodbye, Mr. Chips 1905-03-18(1905-03-18)March 18, 1905 February 29, 1940 (1940-02-29) 34-3487004127660000000000♠34 years, 348 days 1958-06-09(1958-06-09)June 9, 1958 19,441 days (7004194410000000000♠53 years, 83 days)
14 Stewart, JamesJames Stewart Philadelphia StoryThe Philadelphia Story 1908-05-20(1908-05-20)May 20, 1908 February 27, 1941 (1941-02-27) 32-2837004119710000000000♠32 years, 283 days 1997-07-02(1997-07-02)July 2, 1997 32,550 days (7004325500000000000♠89 years, 43 days)[4] Held record as youngest winner for 14 award ceremonies (from the 13th to the 27th, February 1941–March 1955)
15 Cooper, GaryGary Cooper Sergeant YorkSergeant York 1901-05-07(1901-05-07)May 7, 1901 February 26, 1942 (1942-02-26) 40-2957004149050000000000♠40 years, 295 days 1961-05-13(1961-05-13)May 13, 1961 21,921 days (7004219210000000000♠60 years, 6 days) 1st of 2
16 Cagney, JamesJames Cagney Yankee Doodle DandyYankee Doodle Dandy 1899-07-17(1899-07-17)July 17, 1899 March 4, 1943 (1943-03-04) 43-2307004159350000000000♠43 years, 230 days 1986-03-30(1986-03-30)March 30, 1986 31,667 days (7004316670000000000♠86 years, 256 days)
17 Lukas, PaulPaul Lukas Watch On The RhineWatch on the Rhine 1891-05-26(1891-05-26)May 26, 1891 March 2, 1944 (1944-03-02) 48-2817004178120000000000♠48 years, 281 days 1971-08-15(1971-08-15)August 15, 1971 27,839 days (7004278390000000000♠76 years, 81 days)
18 Crosby, BingBing Crosby Going My WayGoing My Way 1903-05-03(1903-05-03)May 3, 1903 March 15, 1945 (1945-03-15) 41-3167004152920000000000♠41 years, 316 days 1977-10-14(1977-10-14)October 14, 1977 27,193 days (7004271930000000000♠74 years, 164 days)
19 Milland, RayRay Milland Lost WeekendThe Lost Weekend 1907-01-03(1907-01-03)January 3, 1907 March 7, 1946 (1946-03-07) 39-0637004143080000000000♠39 years, 63 days 1986-03-10(1986-03-10)March 10, 1986 28,921 days (7004289210000000000♠79 years, 66 days)
20 March, FredricFredric March Best Years Of Our LivesThe Best Years of Our Lives 1897-08-31(1897-08-31)August 31, 1897 March 13, 1947 (1947-03-13) 49-1947004180900000000000♠49 years, 194 days 1975-04-14(1975-04-14)April 14, 1975 28,349 days (7004283490000000000♠77 years, 226 days) 2nd of 2
21 Colman, RonaldRonald Colman Double LifeA Double Life 1891-02-09(1891-02-09)February 9, 1891 March 20, 1948 (1948-03-20) 57-0407004208580000000000♠57 years, 40 days 1958-05-19(1958-05-19)May 19, 1958 24,570 days (7004245700000000000♠67 years, 99 days)
22 Olivier, LaurenceLaurence Olivier HamletHamlet 1907-05-22(1907-05-22)May 22, 1907 March 24, 1949 (1949-03-24) 41-3067004152820000000000♠41 years, 306 days 1989-07-11(1989-07-11)July 11, 1989 30,001 days (7004300010000000000♠82 years, 50 days)
23 Crawford, BroderickBroderick Crawford All The Kings MenAll the King's Men 1911-12-09(1911-12-09)December 9, 1911 March 23, 1950 (1950-03-23) 38-1047004139840000000000♠38 years, 104 days 1986-04-26(1986-04-26)April 26, 1986 27,167 days (7004271670000000000♠74 years, 138 days)
24 Ferrer, JoseJosé Ferrer Cyrano De BergeracCyrano de Bergerac 1912-01-08(1912-01-08)January 8, 1912 March 29, 1951 (1951-03-29) 39-0807004143250000000000♠39 years, 80 days 1992-01-26(1992-01-26)January 26, 1992 29,238 days (7004292380000000000♠80 years, 18 days)
25 Bogart, HumphreyHumphrey Bogart African QueenThe African Queen 1899-12-25(1899-12-25)December 25, 1899 March 30, 1952 (1952-03-30) 52-0967004190880000000000♠52 years, 96 days 1957-01-14(1957-01-14)January 14, 1957 20,839 days (7004208390000000000♠57 years, 20 days)
26 Cooper, GaryGary Cooper High NoonHigh Noon 1901-05-07(1901-05-07)May 7, 1901 March 19, 1953 (1953-03-19) 51-3167004189440000000000♠51 years, 316 days 1961-05-13(1961-05-13)May 13, 1961 21,921 days (7004219210000000000♠60 years, 6 days) 2nd of 2
27 Holden, WilliamWilliam Holden Stalag 17Stalag 17 1918-04-17(1918-04-17)April 17, 1918 March 25, 1954 (1954-03-25) 35-3427004131260000000000♠35 years, 342 days 1981-11-12(1981-11-12)November 12, 1981 23,220 days (7004232200000000000♠63 years, 209 days)
28 Brando, MarlonMarlon Brando On The WaterfrontOn the Waterfront 1924-04-03(1924-04-03)April 3, 1924 March 30, 1955 (1955-03-30) 30-3617004113180000000000♠30 years, 361 days 2004-07-01(2004-07-01)July 1, 2004 29,309 days (7004293090000000000♠80 years, 89 days) 1st of 2
Held record as youngest winner for 23 award ceremonies (from the 27th to the 50th, March 1955–April 1978)
29 Borgnine, ErnestErnest Borgnine MartyMarty 1917-01-24(1917-01-24)January 24, 1917 March 21, 1956 (1956-03-21) 39-0577004143010000000000♠39 years, 57 days 2012-07-08(2012-07-08)July 8, 2012 34,864 days (7004348640000000000♠95 years, 166 days)[5]
30 Brynner, YulYul Brynner King And IThe King and I 1920-07-11(1920-07-11)July 11, 1920 March 27, 1957 (1957-03-27) 36-2597004134080000000000♠36 years, 259 days 1985-10-10(1985-10-10)October 10, 1985 23,832 days (7004238320000000000♠65 years, 91 days)
31 Guinness, AlecAlec Guinness Bridge On The River KwaiThe Bridge on the River Kwai 1914-04-02(1914-04-02)April 2, 1914 March 26, 1958 (1958-03-26) 43-3587004160640000000000♠43 years, 358 days 2000-08-05(2000-08-05)August 5, 2000 31,537 days (7004315370000000000♠86 years, 125 days)
32 Niven, DavidDavid Niven Separate TablesSeparate Tables 1910-03-01(1910-03-01)March 1, 1910 April 6, 1959 (1959-04-06) 49-0367004179330000000000♠49 years, 36 days 1983-07-29(1983-07-29)July 29, 1983 26,813 days (7004268130000000000♠73 years, 150 days)
33 Heston, CharltonCharlton Heston Ben-HurBen-Hur 1923-10-04(1923-10-04)October 4, 1923 April 4, 1960 (1960-04-04) 36-1837004133320000000000♠36 years, 183 days 2008-04-05(2008-04-05)April 5, 2008 30,865 days (7004308650000000000♠84 years, 184 days)
34 Lancaster, BurtBurt Lancaster Elmer GantryElmer Gantry 1913-11-02(1913-11-02)November 2, 1913 April 17, 1961 (1961-04-17) 47-1667004173330000000000♠47 years, 166 days 1994-10-20(1994-10-20)October 20, 1994 29,572 days (7004295720000000000♠80 years, 352 days)
35 Schell, MaximilianMaximilian Schell Judgment At NurembergJudgment at Nuremberg 1930-12-08(1930-12-08)December 8, 1930 April 9, 1962 (1962-04-09) 31-1227004114450000000000♠31 years, 122 days 2014-02-01(2014-02-01)February 1, 2014 30,371 days (7004303710000000000♠83 years, 55 days)
36 Peck, GregoryGregory Peck To Kill A MockingbirdTo Kill a Mockingbird 1916-04-05(1916-04-05)April 5, 1916 April 8, 1963 (1963-04-08) 47-0037004171690000000000♠47 years, 3 days 2003-06-12(2003-06-12)June 12, 2003 31,844 days (7004318440000000000♠87 years, 68 days)
37 Poitier, SidneySidney Poitier Lilies Of The FieldLilies of the Field 1927-02-20(1927-02-20)February 20, 1927 April 13, 1964 (1964-04-13) 37-0537004135670000000000♠37 years, 53 days 2017-09-25 33,090 days (7004330900000000000♠90 years, 217 days)
38 Harrison, RexRex Harrison My Fair LadyMy Fair Lady 1908-03-05(1908-03-05)March 5, 1908 April 5, 1965 (1965-04-05) 57-0317004208500000000000♠57 years, 31 days 1990-06-02(1990-06-02)June 2, 1990 30,039 days (7004300390000000000♠82 years, 89 days)
39 Marvin, LeeLee Marvin Cat BallouCat Ballou 1924-02-19(1924-02-19)February 19, 1924 April 18, 1966 (1966-04-18) 42-0587004153990000000000♠42 years, 58 days 1987-08-29(1987-08-29)August 29, 1987 23,202 days (7004232020000000000♠63 years, 191 days)
40 Scofield, PaulPaul Scofield Man For All SeasonsA Man for All Seasons 1922-01-21(1922-01-21)January 21, 1922 April 10, 1967 (1967-04-10) 45-0797004165150000000000♠45 years, 79 days 2008-03-19(2008-03-19)March 19, 2008 31,469 days (7004314690000000000♠86 years, 58 days)
41 Steiger, RodRod Steiger In The Heat Of The NightIn the Heat of the Night 1925-04-14(1925-04-14)April 14, 1925 April 10, 1968 (1968-04-10) 42-3627004157020000000000♠42 years, 362 days 2002-07-09(2002-07-09)July 9, 2002 28,210 days (7004282100000000000♠77 years, 86 days)
42 Robertson, CliffCliff Robertson CharlyCharly 1923-09-09(1923-09-09)September 9, 1923 April 14, 1969 (1969-04-14) 45-2177004166540000000000♠45 years, 217 days 2011-09-10(2011-09-10)September 10, 2011 32,143 days (7004321430000000000♠88 years, 1 day)
43 Wayne, JohnJohn Wayne True GritTrue Grit 1907-05-26(1907-05-26)May 26, 1907 April 7, 1970 (1970-04-07) 62-3167004229620000000000♠62 years, 316 days 1979-06-11(1979-06-11)June 11, 1979 26,314 days (7004263140000000000♠72 years, 16 days) Held record as oldest winner for 12 award ceremonies (from the 42nd to the 54th, April 1970–March 1982)
44 Scott, GeorgeGeorge C. Scott PattonPatton 1927-10-18(1927-10-18)October 18, 1927 April 15, 1971 (1971-04-15) 43-1797004158850000000000♠43 years, 179 days 1999-09-22(1999-09-22)September 22, 1999 26,272 days (7004262720000000000♠71 years, 339 days) Refused
45 Hackman, GeneGene Hackman French ConnectionThe French Connection 1930-01-30(1930-01-30)January 30, 1930 April 10, 1972 (1972-04-10) 42-0717004154110000000000♠42 years, 71 days 2017-09-25 32,015 days (7004320150000000000♠87 years, 238 days)
46 Brando, MarlonMarlon Brando GodfatherThe Godfather 1924-04-03(1924-04-03)April 3, 1924 March 27, 1973 (1973-03-27) 48-3587004178900000000000♠48 years, 358 days 2004-07-01(2004-07-01)July 1, 2004 29,309 days (7004293090000000000♠80 years, 89 days) Refused; 2nd of 2
47 Lemmon, JackJack Lemmon Save The TigerSave the Tiger 1925-02-08(1925-02-08)February 8, 1925 April 2, 1974 (1974-04-02) 49-0537004179500000000000♠49 years, 53 days 2001-06-27(2001-06-27)June 27, 2001 27,898 days (7004278980000000000♠76 years, 139 days)
48 Carney, ArtArt Carney Harry And TontoHarry and Tonto 1918-11-04(1918-11-04)November 4, 1918 April 8, 1975 (1975-04-08) 56-1557004206090000000000♠56 years, 155 days 2003-11-09(2003-11-09)November 9, 2003 31,051 days (7004310510000000000♠85 years, 5 days)
49 Nicholson, JackJack Nicholson One Flew Over The Cuckoos NestOne Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest 1937-04-22(1937-04-22)April 22, 1937 March 29, 1976 (1976-03-29) 38-3427004142210000000000♠38 years, 342 days 2017-09-25 29,376 days (7004293760000000000♠80 years, 156 days) 1st of 2
50 Finch, PeterPeter Finch NetworkNetwork 1916-09-28(1916-09-28)September 28, 1916 March 28, 1977 (1977-03-28) 60-1817004220960000000000♠60 years, 181 days 1977-01-14(1977-01-14)January 14, 1977 22,023 days (7004220230000000000♠60 years, 108 days) Posthumous (Finch died two months and two weeks before the ceremony)
51 Dreyfuss, RichardRichard Dreyfuss Goodbye GirlThe Goodbye Girl 1947-10-29(1947-10-29)October 29, 1947 April 3, 1978 (1978-04-03) 30-1567004111140000000000♠30 years, 156 days 2017-09-25 25,534 days (7004255340000000000♠69 years, 331 days) Held record as youngest winner for 25 award ceremonies (from the 50th to the 75th, April 1978–March 2003)
52 Voight, JonJon Voight Coming HomeComing Home 1938-12-29(1938-12-29)December 29, 1938 April 9, 1979 (1979-04-09) 40-1017004147110000000000♠40 years, 101 days 2017-09-25 28,760 days (7004287600000000000♠78 years, 270 days)
53 Hoffman, DustinDustin Hoffman Kramer Vs KramerKramer vs. Kramer 1937-08-08(1937-08-08)August 8, 1937 April 14, 1980 (1980-04-14) 42-2507004155900000000000♠42 years, 250 days 2017-09-25 29,268 days (7004292680000000000♠80 years, 48 days) 1st of 2
54 De Niro, RobertRobert De Niro Raging BullRaging Bull 1943-08-17(1943-08-17)August 17, 1943 March 31, 1981 (1981-03-31) 37-2267004137410000000000♠37 years, 226 days 2017-09-25 27,068 days (7004270680000000000♠74 years, 39 days)
55 Fonda, HenryHenry Fonda On Golden PondOn Golden Pond 1905-05-16(1905-05-16)May 16, 1905 March 29, 1982 (1982-03-29) 76-3177004280760000000000♠76 years, 317 days 1982-08-12(1982-08-12)August 12, 1982 28,212 days (7004282120000000000♠77 years, 88 days)[6] Has held record as oldest winner for 35 award ceremonies (from the 54th through the 89th, March 1982-February 2017)
56 Kingsley, BenBen Kingsley GandhiGandhi 1943-12-31(1943-12-31)December 31, 1943 April 11, 1983 (1983-04-11) 39-1017004143460000000000♠39 years, 101 days 2017-09-25 26,932 days (7004269320000000000♠73 years, 268 days)
57 Duvall, RobertRobert Duvall Tender MerciesTender Mercies 1931-01-05(1931-01-05)January 5, 1931 April 9, 1984 (1984-04-09) 53-0957004194530000000000♠53 years, 95 days 2017-09-25 31,675 days (7004316750000000000♠86 years, 263 days)
58 Abraham, F.F. Murray Abraham AmadeusAmadeus 1939-10-24(1939-10-24)October 24, 1939 March 25, 1985 (1985-03-25) 45-1527004165890000000000♠45 years, 152 days 2017-09-25 28,461 days (7004284610000000000♠77 years, 336 days)
59 Hurt, WilliamWilliam Hurt Kiss Of The Spider WomanKiss of the Spider Woman 1950-03-20(1950-03-20)March 20, 1950 March 24, 1986 (1986-03-24) 36-0047004131530000000000♠36 years, 4 days 2017-09-25 24,661 days (7004246610000000000♠67 years, 189 days)
60 Newman, PaulPaul Newman Color of MoneyThe Color of Money 1925-01-26(1925-01-26)January 26, 1925 March 30, 1987 (1987-03-30) 62-0637004227080000000000♠62 years, 63 days 2008-09-26(2008-09-26)September 26, 2008 30,559 days (7004305590000000000♠83 years, 244 days)
61 Douglas, MichaelMichael Douglas Wall StreetWall Street 1944-09-25(1944-09-25)September 25, 1944 April 11, 1988 (1988-04-11) 43-1997004159040000000000♠43 years, 199 days 2017-09-25 26,663 days (7004266630000000000♠73 years, 0 days)
62 Hoffman, DustinDustin Hoffman Rain ManRain Man 1937-08-08(1937-08-08)August 8, 1937 March 27, 1989 (1989-03-27) 51-2317004188590000000000♠51 years, 231 days 2017-09-25 29,268 days (7004292680000000000♠80 years, 48 days) 2nd of 2
63 Day-Lewis, DanielDaniel Day-Lewis My Left FootMy Left Foot 1957-04-29(1957-04-29)April 29, 1957 March 26, 1990 (1990-03-26) 32-3317004120190000000000♠32 years, 331 days 2017-09-25 22,064 days (7004220640000000000♠60 years, 149 days) 1st of 3
64 Irons, JeremyJeremy Irons Reversal Of FortuneReversal of Fortune 1948-09-19(1948-09-19)September 19, 1948 March 25, 1991 (1991-03-25) 42-1877004155270000000000♠42 years, 187 days 2017-09-25 25,208 days (7004252080000000000♠69 years, 6 days)
65 Hopkins, AnthonyAnthony Hopkins Silence Of The LambsThe Silence of the Lambs 1937-12-31(1937-12-31)December 31, 1937 March 30, 1992 (1992-03-30) 54-0907004198130000000000♠54 years, 90 days 2017-09-25 29,123 days (7004291230000000000♠79 years, 268 days)
66 Pacino, AlAl Pacino Scent Of A WomanScent of a Woman 1940-04-25(1940-04-25)April 25, 1940 March 29, 1993 (1993-03-29) 52-3387004193310000000000♠52 years, 338 days 2017-09-25 28,277 days (7004282770000000000♠77 years, 153 days)
67 Hanks, TomTom Hanks PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia 1956-07-09(1956-07-09)July 9, 1956 March 21, 1994 (1994-03-21) 37-2557004137690000000000♠37 years, 255 days 2017-09-25 22,358 days (7004223580000000000♠61 years, 78 days) 1st of 2
68 Hanks, TomTom Hanks Forrest GumpForrest Gump 1956-07-09(1956-07-09)July 9, 1956 March 27, 1995 (1995-03-27) 38-2617004141400000000000♠38 years, 261 days 2017-09-25 22,358 days (7004223580000000000♠61 years, 78 days) 2nd of 2
69 Cage, NicolasNicolas Cage Leaving Las VegasLeaving Las Vegas 1964-01-07(1964-01-07)January 7, 1964 March 25, 1996 (1996-03-25) 32-0787004117660000000000♠32 years, 78 days 2017-09-25 19,620 days (7004196200000000000♠53 years, 261 days)
70 Rush, GeoffreyGeoffrey Rush ShineShine 1951-07-06(1951-07-06)July 6, 1951 March 24, 1997 (1997-03-24) 45-2617004166980000000000♠45 years, 261 days 2017-09-25 24,188 days (7004241880000000000♠66 years, 81 days)
71 Nicholson, JackJack Nicholson As Good As It GetsAs Good as It Gets 1937-04-22(1937-04-22)April 22, 1937 March 23, 1998 (1998-03-23) 60-3357004222500000000000♠60 years, 335 days 2017-09-25 29,376 days (7004293760000000000♠80 years, 156 days) 2nd of 2
72 Benigni, RobertoRoberto Benigni Life Is BeautifulLife Is Beautiful 1952-10-27(1952-10-27)October 27, 1952 March 21, 1999 (1999-03-21) 46-1457004169460000000000♠46 years, 145 days 2017-09-25 23,709 days (7004237090000000000♠64 years, 333 days)
73 Spacey, KevinKevin Spacey American BeautyAmerican Beauty 1959-07-26(1959-07-26)July 26, 1959 March 26, 2000 (2000-03-26) 40-2447004148540000000000♠40 years, 244 days 2017-09-25 21,246 days (7004212460000000000♠58 years, 61 days)
74 Crowe, RussellRussell Crowe GladiatorGladiator 1964-04-07(1964-04-07)April 7, 1964 March 25, 2001 (2001-03-25) 36-3527004135010000000000♠36 years, 352 days 2017-09-25 19,529 days (7004195290000000000♠53 years, 171 days)
75 Washington, DenzelDenzel Washington Training DayTraining Day 1954-12-28(1954-12-28)December 28, 1954 March 24, 2002 (2002-03-24) 47-0867004172530000000000♠47 years, 86 days 2017-09-25 22,917 days (7004229170000000000♠62 years, 271 days)
76 Brody, AdrienAdrien Brody PianistThe Pianist 1973-04-14(1973-04-14)April 14, 1973 March 23, 2003 (2003-03-23) 29-3437004109350000000000♠29 years, 343 days 2017-09-25 16,235 days (7004162350000000000♠44 years, 164 days) Has held record as youngest winner for 14 award ceremonies (from the 75th through the 89th, March 2003–February 2017)
77 Penn, SeanSean Penn Mystic RiverMystic River 1960-08-17(1960-08-17)August 17, 1960 February 29, 2004 (2004-02-29) 43-1967004159010000000000♠43 years, 196 days 2017-09-25 20,858 days (7004208580000000000♠57 years, 39 days) 1st of 2
78 Foxx, JamieJamie Foxx RayRay 1967-12-13(1967-12-13)December 13, 1967 February 27, 2005 (2005-02-27) 37-0767004135910000000000♠37 years, 76 days 2017-09-25 18,184 days (7004181840000000000♠49 years, 286 days)
79 Hoffman, PhilipPhilip Seymour Hoffman CapoteCapote 1967-07-23(1967-07-23)July 23, 1967 March 5, 2006 (2006-03-05) 38-2257004141050000000000♠38 years, 225 days 2014-02-02(2014-02-02)February 2, 2014 16,996 days (7004169960000000000♠46 years, 194 days)[7]
80 Whitaker, ForestForest Whitaker Last King Of ScotlandThe Last King of Scotland 1961-07-15(1961-07-15)July 15, 1961 February 25, 2007 (2007-02-25) 45-2257004166610000000000♠45 years, 225 days 2017-09-25 20,526 days (7004205260000000000♠56 years, 72 days)
81 Day-Lewis, DanielDaniel Day-Lewis There Will Be BloodThere Will Be Blood 1957-04-29(1957-04-29)April 29, 1957 February 24, 2008 (2008-02-24) 50-3017004185630000000000♠50 years, 301 days 2017-09-25 22,064 days (7004220640000000000♠60 years, 149 days) 2nd of 3
82 Penn, SeanSean Penn MilkMilk 1960-08-17(1960-08-17)August 17, 1960 February 22, 2009 (2009-02-22) 48-1897004177210000000000♠48 years, 189 days 2017-09-25 20,858 days (7004208580000000000♠57 years, 39 days) 2nd of 2
83 Bridges, JeffJeff Bridges Crazy HeartCrazy Heart 1949-12-04(1949-12-04)December 4, 1949 March 7, 2010 (2010-03-07) 60-0937004220080000000000♠60 years, 93 days 2017-09-25 24,767 days (7004247670000000000♠67 years, 295 days)
84 Firth, ColinColin Firth Kings SpeechThe King's Speech 1960-09-10(1960-09-10)September 10, 1960 February 27, 2011 (2011-02-27) 50-1707004184320000000000♠50 years, 170 days 2017-09-25 20,834 days (7004208340000000000♠57 years, 15 days)
85 Dujardin, JeanJean Dujardin ArtistThe Artist 1972-06-19(1972-06-19)June 19, 1972 February 26, 2012 (2012-02-26) 39-2527004144960000000000♠39 years, 252 days 2017-09-25 16,534 days (7004165340000000000♠45 years, 98 days)
86 Day-Lewis, DanielDaniel Day-Lewis LincolnLincoln 1957-04-29(1957-04-29)April 29, 1957 February 24, 2013 (2013-02-24) 55-3017004203900000000000♠55 years, 301 days 2017-09-25 22,064 days (7004220640000000000♠60 years, 149 days) 3rd of 3
87 Tiger Woods, MatthewMatthew McConaughey Dallas Buyers ClubDallas Buyers Club 1969-11-04(1969-11-04)November 4, 1969 March 2, 2014 (2014-03-02) 44-1187004161890000000000♠44 years, 118 days 2017-09-25 17,492 days (7004174920000000000♠47 years, 325 days)
88 Redmayne, EddieEddie Redmayne Theory of EverythingThe Theory of Everything 1982-01-06(1982-01-06)January 6, 1982 February 22, 2015 (2015-02-22) 33-477004121000000000000♠33 years, 47 days 2017-09-25 13,046 days (7004130460000000000♠35 years, 262 days)
89 DiCaprio, LeonardoLeonardo DiCaprio RevenantThe Revenant 1974-11-11(1974-11-11)November 11, 1974 February 28, 2016 (2016-02-28) 41-1097004150840000000000♠41 years, 109 days 2017-09-25 15,659 days (7004156590000000000♠42 years, 318 days)
90 Affleck, CaseyCasey Affleck Manchester by the SeaManchester by the Sea 1975-8-12(1975-08-12)August 12, 1975 February 26, 2017 (2017-02-26) 41-1987004151740000000000♠41 years, 198 days 2017-09-25 15,385 days (7004153850000000000♠42 years, 44 days)
#
Actor
Film
Date of birth
Date of award
Age upon
receiving award
Date of death
Lifespan
Notes
See also[edit]
Academy Award for Best Actor
Academy Award for Best Actress
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor
Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress
List of Academy Award Best Actress winners by age
List of Best Supporting Actor winners by age
List of Best Supporting Actress winners by age
List of Best Director winners by age
List of oldest and youngest Academy Award winners and nominees
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Official website of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Jump up ^ Official ceremony promotional website for the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences
Jump up ^ Official database website of the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences Archived 2008-09-13 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ James Stewart holds the record for longest lifespan after receiving the award (7004205790000000000♠56 years, 125 days).
Jump up ^ Ernest Borgnine holds the record for longest lifespan (7004348640000000000♠95 years, 166 days). His lifespan after receiving the award (7004205630000000000♠56 years, 109 days) is 16 days shorter than that of James Stewart.
Jump up ^ Henry Fonda holds the record for shortest lifespan after receiving the award (7002136000000000000♠136 days).
Jump up ^ Philip Seymour Hoffman holds the record for shortest lifespan (7004169960000000000♠46 years, 194 days).
External links[edit]
Oscars.org (official Academy site)
Oscar.com (official ceremony promotional site)
The Academy Awards Database (official site)
[show]
v
t
e
Academy Awards lists
Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences (AMPAS)
Records
Oscar season
Oscar speech
History of film
Most wins per ceremony
Combined major Oscars
Superlatives
Big Five
All four acting categories
Combined major awards
Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Award careers
Acting
All nominees
Best Actor (by age)
Best Actress (by age)
Best Supporting Actor (by age)
Best Supporting Actress (by age)
Acting noms in foreign language
Actor multi-nom years
Multi-Best Picture acting careers
Multi-win Actors
Multi-nom Actors
Love curse
Directing
Best Director (by age)
Multi-win Directors
Film
Films
Best Picture milestones
Foreign-language wins
Foreign-language nominees
Foreign-language noms in other categories
Foreign-language: count by country
Animated feature noms in other categories
Ethnicity
African
Argentine
Asian
Australian
Black
Brazilian
British
Canadian
Chilean
Colombian
Cuban
French
German-speaking
Greek
Hispanic-American (U.S.)
Indian
Iranian
Italian
Jewish
Latin American
Mexican
New Zealand
Nordic
Pakistani
Polish
Puerto Rican
Spanish
Uruguayan
Other
Ceremonies
Families
Fictitious
LGBT
Multi-win years
Posthumous
Best Picture Presenters
Trophy displays
Oldest & Youngest
Awards for Walt Disney
Book
Category
Portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_Academy_Award_Best_Actor_winners_by_age&oldid=798860958"
Categories:
Best Actor Academy Award winners
Lists of male actors
Lists of people by age
Academy Awards lists
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 4 September 2017, at 06:56.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Academy_Award
mw-redirect
Academy Award

values: Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences

values:
center
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/My_Left_Foot_(film)
mw-redirect
My Left Foot (film)

values:
/wiki/Lincoln_(2012_film)
mw-redirect
Lincoln (2012 film)

values: Academy Award for Best Supporting Actress

values: List of Best Supporting Actor winners by age

values: List of Best Supporting Actress winners by age

values:
nofollow
http://www.oscars.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.oscar.com/
external text

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: List of films with the most Oscars per ceremony

values: List of superlative Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Big Five Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of films with all four Academy Award acting nominations

values: List of people who have won Academy, Emmy, Grammy, and Tony Awards

values: List of actors with Academy Award nominations

values: List of actors nominated for Academy Awards for foreign language performances

values: List of actors nominated for two Academy Awards in the same year

values: List of actors who have appeared in multiple Best Picture Academy Award winners

values: List of actors with two or more Academy Awards in acting categories

values: List of actors with two or more Academy Award nominations in acting categories

values: List of Academy Award for Best Director winners by age

values: List of directors with two or more Academy Awards for Best Director

values: List of Academy Award-winning foreign-language films

values: List of Academy Award winners and nominees for Best Foreign Language Film

values: List of foreign-language films nominated for Academy Awards

values: List of countries by number of Academy Awards for Best Foreign Language Film

values: List of animated feature films nominated for Academy Awards

values: List of African Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Argentine Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Asian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Australian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of black Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Brazilian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of British Academy Award nominees and winners

values: List of Canadian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Chilean Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Colombian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Cuban Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of French Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of German-speaking Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Greek Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Hispanic-American (U.S.) Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Academy Award winners and nominees from India

values: List of Iranian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Italian Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Jewish Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Latin American Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Mexican Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of New Zealand Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Nordic Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Academy Award winners and nominees from Pakistan

values: List of Polish Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Puerto Rican Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Spanish Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of Uruguayan Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of fictitious Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of LGBT Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of people who have won multiple Academy Awards in a single year

values: List of posthumous Academy Award winners and nominees

values: List of presenters of Best Picture Academy Award

values: List of Academy Award trophies on public display

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:Best Actor Academy Award winners

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_Academy_Award_Best_Actor_winners_by_age rootpage-List_of_Academy_Award_Best_Actor_winners_by_age skin-vector action-view