text:
Earth's internal heat budget
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Global map of the flux of heat, in mW/m2, from Earth's interior to the surface.[1] The largest values of heat flux coincide with mid ocean ridges, and the smallest values of heat flux occur in stable continental interiors.
The flow of heat from Earth's interior to the surface is estimated at 47 terawatts (TW)[1] and comes from two main sources in roughly equal amounts: the radiogenic heat produced by the radioactive decay of isotopes in the mantle and crust, and the primordial heat left over from the formation of the Earth.[2]
Earth's internal heat powers most geological processes[3] and drives plate tectonics.[2] Despite its geological significance, this heat energy coming from Earth's interior is actually only 0.03% of Earth's total energy budget at the surface, which is dominated by 173,000 TW of incoming solar radiation.[4] The insolation that eventually, after reflection, reaches the surface penetrates only several tens of centimeters on the daily cycle and only several tens of meters on the annual cycle. This renders solar radiation irrelevant for internal processes.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Heat and early estimate of Earth's age
2 Global internal heat flow
3 Radiogenic heat
4 Primordial heat
5 Heat flow and plate tectonics
6 See also
7 References
Heat and early estimate of Earth's age[edit]
Based on calculations of Earth's cooling rate, which assumed constant conductivity in the Earth's interior, in 1862 William Thomson (later made Lord Kelvin) estimated the age of the Earth at 98 million years,[6] which contrasts with the age of 4.5 billion years obtained in the 20th century by radiometric dating.[7] As pointed out by John Perry in 1895[8] a variable conductivity in the Earth's interior could expand the computed age of the Earth to billions of years, as later confirmed by radiometric dating. Contrary to the usual representation of Kelvin's argument, the observed thermal gradient of the Earth's crust would not be explained by the addition of radioactivity as a heat source. More significantly, mantle convection alters how heat is transported within the Earth, invalidating Kelvin's assumption of purely conductive cooling.
Global internal heat flow[edit]
Cross section of the Earth showing its main divisions and their approximate contributions to Earth's total internal heat flow to the surface, and the dominant heat transport mechanisms within the Earth.
Estimates of the total heat flow from Earth’s interior to surface span a range of 43 to 49 terawatts (TW) (a terawatt is 1012 watts).[9] One recent estimate is 47 TW,[1] equivalent to an average heat flux of 91.6 mW/m2, and is based on more than 38,000 measurements. The respective mean heat flows of continental and oceanic crust are 70.9 and 105.4 mW/m2.[1]
While the total internal Earth heat flow to the surface is well constrained, the relative contribution of the two main sources of Earth's heat, radiogenic and primordial heat, are highly uncertain because their direct measurement is difficult. Chemical and physical models give estimated ranges of 15–41 TW and 12–30 TW for radiogenic heat and primordial heat, respectively,[9] and recent results indicate their contributions may be roughly equal.[10][when?]
The structure of the Earth is a rigid outer crust that is composed of thicker continental crust and thinner oceanic crust, solid but plastically flowing mantle, a liquid outer core, and a solid inner core. The fluidity of a material is proportional to temperature; thus, the solid mantle can still flow on long time scales, as a function of its temperature[2] and therefore as a function of the flow of Earth's internal heat. The mantle convects in response to heat escaping from Earth's interior, with hotter and more buoyant mantle rising and cooler, and therefore denser, mantle sinking. This convective flow of the mantle drives the movement of Earth's lithospheric plates; thus, an additional reservoir of heat in the lower mantle is critical for the operation of plate tectonics and one possible source is an enrichment of radioactive elements in the lower mantle.[11]
Earth heat transport occurs by conduction, mantle convection, hydrothermal convection, and volcanic advection.[12] Earth's internal heat flow to the surface is thought to be 80% due to mantle convection, with the remaining heat mostly originating in the Earth's crust,[13] with about 1% due to volcanic activity, earthquakes, and mountain building.[2] Thus, about 99% of Earth's internal heat loss at the surface is by conduction through the crust, and mantle convection is the dominant control on heat transport from deep within the Earth. Most of the heat flow from the thicker continental crust is attributed to internal radiogenic sources, in contrast the thinner oceanic crust has only 2% internal radiogenic heat.[2] The remaining heat flow at the surface would be due to basal heating of the crust from mantle convection. Heat fluxes are negatively correlated with rock age,[1] with the highest heat fluxes from the youngest rock at mid-ocean ridge spreading centers (zones of mantle upwelling), as observed in the global map of Earth heat flow.[1]
Radiogenic heat[edit]
The evolution of Earth's radiogenic heat flow over time.
The radioactive decay of elements in the Earth's mantle and crust results in production of daughter isotopes and release of particles and heat energy, or radiogenic heat. Four radioactive isotopes are responsible for the majority of radiogenic heat, uranium-238 (238U), uranium-235 (235U), thorium-232 (232Th), and potassium-40 (40K).[14] Due to a lack of rock samples from below 200 km depth, it is not possible to do a simple radiogenic heat estimate of known radioactive isotope concentrations in rock throughout the whole mantle.[14] For the Earth's core, geochemical studies indicate that it is unlikely to be a significant source of radiogenic heat due to an expected low concentration of radioactive elements.[2] Radiogenic heat production in the mantle is linked to the structure of mantle convection, a topic of much debate, and it is thought that the mantle may either have a layered structure with a higher concentration of radioactive heat-producing elements in the lower mantle, or small reservoirs enriched in radioactive elements dispersed throughout the whole mantle.[15]
Geoneutrino detectors can detect the decay of 238U and 232Th and thus allow estimation of their contribution to the present radiogenic heat budget, while 235U is unobserved, and 40K is not detectable but is known to contribute 4 TW of heating.[10] However, the decay of 235U and 40K contributed a large fraction of radiogenic heat flux to the early Earth, which was also much hotter than at present.[11] Initial results from measuring the geoneutrino products of radioactive decay from within the Earth, a proxy for radiogenic heat, yielded a new estimate of half of the total Earth internal heat source being radiogenic,[10] and this is consistent with previous estimates.[15]
Primordial heat[edit]
Primordial heat is the heat lost by the Earth as it continues to cool from its original formation, and this is in contrast to its still actively-produced radiogenic heat. The Earth core's heat flow—heat leaving the core and flowing into the overlying mantle—is thought to be due to primordial heat, and is estimated at 5–15 TW.[16] Estimates of mantle primordial heat loss range between 7 and 15 TW.[9]
The early formation of the Earth's dense core could have caused superheating and rapid heat loss, and the heat loss rate would slow once the mantle solidified.[16] Heat flow from the core is necessary for maintaining the convecting outer core and the geodynamo and Earth's magnetic field, therefore primordial heat from the core enabled Earth's atmosphere and thus helped retain Earth's liquid water.[15]
Heat flow and plate tectonics[edit]
Earth's tectonic evolution over time from a molten state at 4.5 Ga,[7] to a single-plate lithosphere,[17] to modern plate tectonics sometime between 3.2 Ga[18] and 1.0 Ga.[19]
Controversy over the exact nature of mantle convection makes the linked evolution of Earth's heat budget and the dynamics and structure of the mantle difficult to unravel.[15] There is evidence that the processes of plate tectonics were not active in the Earth before 3.2 billion years ago, and that early Earth's internal heat loss could have been dominated by advection via heat-pipe volcanism.[17] Terrestrial bodies with lower heat flows, such as the Moon and Mars, conduct their internal heat through a single lithospheric plate, and higher heat flows, such as on Jupiter's moon Io, result in advective heat transport via enhanced volcanism, while the active plate tectonics of Earth occur with an intermediate heat flow and a convecting mantle.[17]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Earth's internal heat budget.
Geothermal energy
Geothermal gradient
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Davies, J. H., & Davies, D. R. (2010). Earth's surface heat flux. Solid Earth, 1(1), 5–24.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Turcotte, D. L., & Schubert, G. (2002). Geodynamics. Cambridge University Press.
Jump up ^ Buffett, B. A. (2007). Taking earth's temperature. Science, 315(5820), 1801–1802.
Jump up ^ Archer, D. (2012). Global Warming: Understanding the Forecast. ISBN 978-0-470-94341-0.
Jump up ^ Lowrie, W. (2007). Fundamentals of geophysics. Cambridge: CUP, 2nd ed.
Jump up ^ Thomson, William. (1864). On the secular cooling of the earth, read 28 April 1862. Transactions of the Royal Society of Edinburgh, 23, 157–170.
^ Jump up to: a b Taylor, S. R. (2007). .1 The Formation of the Earth and Moon. Developments in Precambrian Geology, 15, 21–30.
Jump up ^ England, P., Molnar, P., Richter, F. (2007). John Perry’s neglected critique of Kelvin’s age for the Earth: A missed opportunity in geodynamics. 4 JANUARY 2007, GSA Today : v. 17, no. 1, doi: 10.1130/GSAT01701A.1
^ Jump up to: a b c Dye, S. T. (2012). Geoneutrinos and the radioactive power of the Earth. Reviews of Geophysics, 50(3).
^ Jump up to: a b c Gando, A., Dwyer, D. A., McKeown, R. D., & Zhang, C. (2011). Partial radiogenic heat model for Earth revealed by geoneutrino measurements. Nature Geoscience, 4(9), 647–651.
^ Jump up to: a b Arevalo Jr, R., McDonough, W. F., & Luong, M. (2009). The K/U ratio of the silicate Earth: Insights into mantle composition, structure and thermal evolution. Earth and Planetary Science Letters, 278(3), 361–369.
Jump up ^ Jaupart, C., & Mareschal, J. C. (2007). Heat flow and thermal structure of the lithosphere. Treatise on Geophysics, 6, 217–251.
Jump up ^ Korenaga, J. (2003). Energetics of mantle convection and the fate of fossil heat. Geophysical Research Letters, 30(8), 1437.
^ Jump up to: a b Korenaga, J. (2011). Earth's heat budget: Clairvoyant geoneutrinos. Nature Geoscience, 4(9), 581–582.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Korenaga, J. (2008). Urey ratio and the structure and evolution of Earth's mantle. Reviews of Geophysics, 46(2).
^ Jump up to: a b Lay, T., Hernlund, J., & Buffett, B. A. (2008). Core–mantle boundary heat flow. Nature Geoscience, 1(1), 25-32.
^ Jump up to: a b c Moore, W. B., & Webb, A. A. G. (2013). Heat-pipe Earth. Nature, 501(7468), 501–505.
Jump up ^ Pease, V., Percival, J., Smithies, H., Stevens, G., & Van Kranendonk, M. (2008). When did plate tectonics begin? Evidence from the orogenic record. When did plate tectonics begin on planet Earth, 199–208.
Jump up ^ Stern, R. J. (2008). Modern-style plate tectonics began in Neoproterozoic time: An alternative interpretation of Earth’s tectonic history. When did plate tectonics begin on planet Earth, 265–280.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Earth%27s_internal_heat_budget&oldid=831051812"
Categories:
Earth
Geodynamics
Plate tectonics
Heat transfer
Geothermal energy
Hidden categories:
All articles with vague or ambiguous time
Vague or ambiguous time from February 2016
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 18 March 2018, at 13:13.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: href class title

value: sup

attrs: class style

value: b

values: /wiki/Terawatt mw-redirect Terawatt

values:
/wiki/Solar_radiation
mw-redirect
Solar radiation

values: Edit section: Heat and early estimate of Earth's age

values:
/wiki/Radiogenic_heat
mw-redirect
Radiogenic heat

values: The time period mentioned near this tag is ambiguous. (February 2016)

values: Wikipedia:Manual of Style/Dates and numbers

values:
/wiki/Conduction_(heat)
mw-redirect
Conduction (heat)

values:
/wiki/Uranium_238
mw-redirect
Uranium 238

values:
/wiki/Uranium_235
mw-redirect
Uranium 235

values: Edit section: Heat flow and plate tectonics

values: commons:Category:Earth's internal heat budget

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:All articles with vague or ambiguous time

values: Category:Vague or ambiguous time from February 2016

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Earth%27s_internal_heat_budget
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Earth_s_internal_heat_budget rootpage-Earth_s_internal_heat_budget skin-vector action-view


text:
Watch Dogs
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article is about the video game. For other uses, see Watchdog.
Watch Dogs
Developer(s)
Ubisoft Montreal[a]
Publisher(s)
Ubisoft
Director(s)
Jonathan Morin
Producer(s)
Dominic Guay
Designer(s)
Danny Bélanger
Programmer(s)
Patrice Zink
Writer(s)
Kevin Shortt
Composer(s)
Brian Reitzell
Platform(s)
Microsoft Windows
PlayStation 3
PlayStation 4
Xbox 360
Xbox One
Wii U
Release
27 May 2014[show]
Win, PS3, PS4, 360, XB1
WW: 27 May 2014
Wii U
NA: 18 November 2014
AU: 20 November 2014
EU: 21 November 2014
Genre(s)
Action-adventure
Mode(s)
Single-player, multiplayer
Watch Dogs (stylized as WATCH_DOGS) is an action-adventure video game developed by Ubisoft Montreal and published by Ubisoft. It was released worldwide on 27 May 2014 for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, PlayStation 4, Xbox 360, and Xbox One, and a Wii U version was released in November 2014. Set in a fictionalized, free-roam, open world version of Chicago, the single-player story follows hacker Aiden Pearce's search for revenge after the killing of his niece. The game is played from a third-person perspective, and the world is navigated on foot or by vehicle. An online multiplayer mode allows up to eight players to engage in cooperative and competitive gameplay.
Development of the game began in 2009, and continued for over five years. Duties were shared by many of Ubisoft's studios worldwide, with more than a thousand people involved. The developers visited Chicago to conduct field research on the setting, and used regional language for authenticity. Hacking features were created in consultation with the cyber-security company Kaspersky Lab, and the in-game control system was based on SCADA. The score was composed by Brian Reitzell, who infused it with krautrock.
Following its announcement in June 2012, Watch Dogs was widely anticipated. Upon release, it received a mixed reception; praise was directed at the game's hacking elements and mission variety, while criticism was expressed concerning the discrepancy in graphics quality between marketing and the real game, plot, and protagonist. Watch Dogs was a commercial success, breaking the record for the biggest first-day sales of a Ubisoft game and becoming the biggest launch of a new intellectual property in the United Kingdom at the time. The game has shipped over 10 million copies; its sequel, Watch Dogs 2, was released in November 2016.
Contents
1 Gameplay
2 Plot
3 Development
4 Release
5 Reception
5.1 Pre-release
5.2 Post-release
5.3 Sales
5.4 Awards
6 Adaptation and sequel
7 Notes
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Gameplay[edit]
Players can view descriptive backgrounds of pedestrians with the in-game smartphone.
Watch Dogs is an action-adventure game, played from a third-person perspective. The player controls hacker Aiden Pearce, who uses his smartphone to control trains and traffic lights, infiltrate security systems, jam cellphones, access pedestrians' private information, and empty their bank accounts.[3][4][5][6] System hacking involves the solving of puzzles.[6] The game is set in a fictionalized version of Chicago ("Windy City"),[4] an open world environment which permits free-roaming.[7] It has a day-night cycle and dynamic weather system, which changes the behavior of non-player characters (NPCs).[8] For melee combat, Pearce has an extensible truncheon; other combat uses handguns, shotguns, sniper rifles, machine guns, and grenade launchers.[6][9][10][11] There is a slow motion option for gunplay,[12] and the player can also use proximity IEDs, grenades, and electronic lures.[6][9] Lethal and non-lethal mission approaches can be enacted.[13]
Pearce can scale vertical surfaces, hack forklifts and aerial work platforms to reach places otherwise unreachable,[14] and can crouch behind walls to hide from enemies.[15] The player has an array of vehicles with which to navigate the setting, including motorcycles, muscle cars, off-road vehicles, SUVs, luxury vehicles, sports cars, and speedboats.[8][9] The car radio is customizable, with about fifty songs.[16] If the player steals a car, its driver can summon the police;[9] if the player has a good reputation, the driver may acquiesce. A good reputation may be gained by detecting (and stopping) crimes, and a bad reputation results from committing crimes.[17][18] The skill tree is upgraded with points earned from hacking, combat, driving, and crafted items.[19] Money can be used to purchase guns, outfits, and vehicles.[6][9] There are several minigames, ranging from killing aliens to controlling a large, robotic spider.[6][9][16] QR codes and audio logs are included as collectibles;[9][16] ctOS towers unlock map icons and side missions.[6]
Multiplayer mode can host up to seven other free-roaming players,[20] with whom the player may complete hacking contracts and engage in races. The player can also be hacked by others, who will perceive the target as an NPC (leaving the target with the task of finding the perpetrator). In-game invasions can be disabled, but this will reset the multiplayer skill rank to zero.[6][16][21] Free-roaming with multiple players and decryption mode, where two teams of four are tasked with acquiring and holding data, were excluded from the game's Xbox 360 and PlayStation 3 versions.[9][22]
Plot[edit]
In October 2012, hacker Aiden Pearce and his mentor and partner, Damien Brenks, conduct an electronic bank heist at the high-end Merlaut Hotel in Chicago and trigger a silent alarm set by another hacker. Brenks tries to find the hacker, giving himself and Pearce away. Fearing for his family, Pearce drives them to safety in the guise of a surprise trip to the country. On the way, hitman Maurice Vega fires a gunshot which crashes the car; Pearce's niece lapses into a coma and dies. 11 months later, Pearce tracks down Vega at a baseball stadium in the Parker Square district of Chicago. After a fruitless interrogation about Vega's contractor he leaves Vega in the hands of his partner, Jordi Chin. While investigating, Brenks approaches Pearce with a request to find the other hacker from the Merlaut job. Pearce refuses, and Brenks retaliates by kidnapping his younger sister, which forces Pearce to comply with Brenks' demands. With the help of Clara Lille, a member of the hacking syndicate DedSec, Pearce tracks down the second hacker—gang leader and former soldier Delford 'Iraq' Wade—and obtains a data sample from Wade's servers. He and Lille discover that Wade has information on almost every citizen of Chicago, protecting his gang from the authorities.
When they come across encrypted data beyond Lille's ability she tells Pearce to find Raymond Kenney, whose hacking caused the Northeast blackout of 2003 which led to the implementation of the ctOS operating system. After meeting Pearce and completing several tasks for him, Kenney agrees to help decrypt the data. Pearce assaults Wade's compound, and downloads its server data. Wade confronts him, but Pearce kills him and leaves the compound. Another hacker, JB Markowicz, infiltrates their system, steals the information and deletes it from their servers. Markowicz leaves a recording that discloses Lille's involvement in locating Pearce and Brenks during the Merlaut job, which resulted in the death of Pearce's niece. Pearce angrily tells Lille to leave. When the authorities later confront Brenks about the loss of the server data, he tells them Pearce's identity. Pearce and Kenney find and take down Markowicz, retrieving the data in a car chase.
Pearce discovers where his sister is being held, frees her, and they drive to nearby Pawnee for safety. Kenney finds the contractor who ordered the hit on Pearce's niece: Dermot Quinn, owner of the Merlaut Hotel. Pearce confronts Quinn, shutting off his pacemaker by hacking it. The dying Quinn says that he ordered the hit because he thought Pearce was searching for secret video footage of Mayor Donovan Rushmore (with whom Quinn is associated), who accidentally murdered his secretary when she threatened to expose his dealings with Quinn. After Quinn dies, Pearce races to Lille (who is ambushed and gunned down by Brenks' men). Pearce uploads the video of Mayor Rushmore. He tries to find Brenks, who has unlocked ctOS (giving him access to the city). Pearce infects ctOS with a virus which shuts down the system, causing a citywide blackout. He thus reaches Brenks, who is hiding in a lighthouse. Chin arrives, saying that he has switched allegiance, but Pearce injures him and kills Brenks. Chin calls Pearce one last time to tell him where Vega is kept; Pearce heads there, and decides his fate.
Development[edit]
Beginning in 2009 with ten people and expanding to over a thousand,[23][24][25] Watch Dogs was developed for over five years (from prototype to finished game)[26] on a budget of about $68 million.[27] Before its announcement in 2012, the game had the working title of Nexus.[28] The initial sales pitch was the notion that one could control an entire city with the push of a button.[26]
Watch Dogs runs on the game engine Disrupt, which developer Ubisoft Montreal created for it[29] (although it was originally intended for another game in the Driver franchise).[30] According to producer Dominic Guay, Disrupt has three pillars: simulation of the environment and its contents, how the environment can be affected, and the connectivity of a seamless online experience.[31] Director Jonathan Morin said that the PlayStation 4 technology allowed for better wind and water simulations and artificial intelligence.[23]
Regional colloquialisms specific to Chicago were added to give the game authenticity. The developer traveled to the city several times for field research, photos, recording audio, meeting people, and interviewing the Chicago Police Department to gain insight. Landmarks were designed to only resemble their real-life counterparts, because their artistic rights would have tripled the budget. Fictionalizing Chicago allowed them to fit several district themes on one map.[25][32] The city was chosen as the setting for its contradictory nature, with great wealth and abject poverty.[14] Morin said that after it was chosen, Chicago became the most-surveilled city in America.[33]
The developers noted that character movements in games like Assassin's Creed were the same in every situation, and attempted to rectify this in Watch Dogs to contextualize protagonist Aiden Pearce.[23] The in-game control system ctOS was based on the SCADA system, and the story was inspired by the cyber-attack by the computer worm Stuxnet on SCADA.[34] The developers consulted the cyber-security company Kaspersky Lab (which discovered the Stuxnet worm) about the hacking features to increase their authenticity.[35][36] To create hacking factions in the game (like DedSec), the developer was influenced by the hacktivist group Anonymous, state-sponsored hackers, and tales of corporate espionage.[34]
Grand Theft Auto and Saints Row were studied to develop complex controls, so the core hacking mechanic was limited to a single button.[26] When the game was delayed, ideas long set aside (like the hacking of a headset) could be implemented.[37] The score, by Brian Reitzell, was released on vinyl and CD by Invada Records in partnership with Ubisoft Music on 28 July 2014.[38] Reitzell began composing by reading the script, concluding that krautrock would suit Watch Dogs.[28] The game was released to manufacturing in May 2014.[24]
Release[edit]
Ubisoft announced Watch Dogs at its 4 June 2012 E3 press conference, confirming it for Microsoft Windows, PlayStation 3, and Xbox 360.[4] A QR code that appeared in the first gameplay demonstration as viral marketing led to a website called DotConnexion, which contained information about the in-game world.[39] PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Wii U were announced in early 2013 as additional platforms for Watch Dogs, which was scheduled for release later that year.[40][41][42] Originally set to be released that November,[43] the developer delayed it until early 2014 to "not compromise on quality".[44] The final release date was set for 27 May 2014,[45] before its release for the Wii U on 18 November in North America, 20 November in Australia and New Zealand, and 21 November in Europe.[46][47] A free mobile app was released for iOS and Android devices, with Watch Dogs players connecting with console or PC users for two racing modes.[48] In July 2018, Watch Dogs was banned from Saudi Arabia, along with forty-six other games, in response to the suicide cases of two children after playing the online Blue Whale game.[49]
Four collector's editions were available,[43] and the GameStop pre-order version contained a poster by Alex Ross.[50] An eBook, //n/Dark Clouds by John Shirley as a continuation of Watch Dogs, was released in conjunction with the game.[51] Watch Dogs was marketed with a live-action sequence directed by Devin Graham and a three-part documentary series by Motherboard, Phreaked Out.[52] After promotional material was sent to Australian media as a safe containing the game and a voicemail explaining the delivery, the Sydney offices of Nine.com.au (unaware of the voicemail) called a bomb disposal unit when the safe beeped; Ubisoft apologized to the staff.[53] Downloadable content (Bad Blood, with playable character Raymond Kenney) was released in September 2014.[54][55]
Reception[edit]
Pre-release[edit]
Watch Dogs' graphics and innovation impressed after the 2012 Electronic Entertainment Expo.[5][56] According to leaked marketing material, it received over eighty E3 awards and nominations and G4tv called it a "truly next-gen adventure".[57] At the 2013 Electronic Entertainment Expo, the game received over fifty awards and nominations.[58] The following year, Ubisoft was accused of graphical downgrading after a NeoGAF forum post compared its 2012 visuals to 2014 video footage.[59]
Post-release[edit]
Reception
Aggregate score
Aggregator
Score
Metacritic (PC) 77/100[60]
(PS4) 80/100[61]
(XONE) 78/100[62]
(WIIU) 62/100[63]
Review scores
Publication
Score
Destructoid 8/10[16]
Eurogamer 7/10[6]
Game Informer 8.5/10[64]
GameSpot 8/10[9]
GamesRadar+ [65]
Giant Bomb [66]
IGN 8.4/10[67]
PC Gamer (US) 8.7/10[68]
Polygon 8/10[12]
VideoGamer.com 7/10[69]
According to Ubisoft researcher Thomas Geffroyd, studies and quantitative analysis indicated that about sixty percent of gamers changed their view of technology after playing Watch Dogs.[70] Chris Carter of Destructoid liked the virtual rendition of Chicago and the detail of non-player characters, concluding that the gameplay was fun. His favorite feature was the extra content, like collectibles and minigames.[16] Eurogamer's Dan Whitehead found the car-handling "slick and intuitive" and called the visuals "dazzling".[6] In Game Informer, Jeff Marchiafava wrote that the hacking added meaning to the combat, the shooting mechanic "make[s] full-scale firefights enjoyable", and praised the stealth approach. He found that the variety of gameplay and environments in the campaign missions provided an "entertaining" experience.[64] Kevin VanOrd of GameSpot thought the game's primary strength was in combat and was grateful for the hacking component's contribution. VanOrd said that the story only flourished when it left behind the "revenge-story cliches", and he felt more attached to supporting characters than to Aiden Pearce. He praised the game's open world, particularly its extra content.[9]
At GamesRadar, Andy Hartup said he enjoyed the set pieces and individual missions: "You’ll enjoy Watch Dogs' narrative in piecemeal, rather than as a whole". He praised the setting's details (which he thought revealed "the city's true beauty"), and called the combat and hacking "satisfying".[65] Dan Stapleton of IGN praised the game's visuals and the open world's "intricately detailed" map. He also enjoyed the combat: "The cover-based gunplay feels good".[67] PC Gamer's Christopher Livingston called the hacking the game's most positive feature; although he liked the stealth, his favorite approach to battle was gunplay.[68] For Polygon, Arthur Gies praised the combat's gunplay feature and wrote that it was "aided by a good, functional third-person cover system, which helps with more than just shooting — it also allows for effective stealth".[12] Steven Burns of VideoGamer.com called the game "undoubtedly enjoyable, but it won't linger long in the memory".[69]
Carter was dissatisfied with the story, citing "lifeless" characters and calling the plot's events "fairly predictable and cliched"; the graphics were thought inferior to the game's marketing footage.[16] Whitehead criticized the hacking for resorting to "tired old PipeMania-style" puzzles and saw the story and main character as the game's weakest aspects, saying that the script avoided the moral dilemmas offered by its set-up.[6] Marchiafava agreed with Carter that the graphics were less impressive than they were in early videos, criticizing poor character design and the story for not living up to its gameplay.[64] Like Whitehead, VanOrd said that the predicament surrounding technology "rarely reaches any conclusions or digs very deeply".[9]
Hartup criticized the main character, calling him "a bit of a dullard", and faulted the story for its reliance on "unimaginative stereotypes".[65] Jeff Gerstmann of Giant Bomb criticized the story and characters for a lack of organization, which he said made it difficult to care about the game.[66] Stapleton disliked the main character's lack of personality, and found the supporting cast more interesting.[67] Livingston saw little to like in the story, and also preferred another character to Pearce.[68] Gies wrote about the plot, "After a promising (albeit well-trod) start, Watch Dogs' plot struggles to remain coherent", noting that the characters felt like caricatures.[12]
Sales[edit]
Watch Dogs was Ubisoft's most pre-ordered new intellectual property (IP), their second-highest pre-ordered title, the most pre-ordered game of the year (more than 800,000 copies), and the most pre-ordered game for the eighth generation of video game consoles. The company's executives predicted over 6.3 million copies in overall sales.[1][52]
The day it was released, Watch Dogs sold the most copies of any Ubisoft title in a 24-hour period.[71] It was the best-selling new IP ever in the United Kingdom in its first week (beating Assassin's Creed III's record by more than 17 percent), and was the seventeenth-largest game launch of all time in the UK. Most sales were for PlayStation 4, whose hardware sales increased by 94 percent because of Watch Dogs.[72] After the first week, four million copies of the game had been sold.[73] Watch Dogs sold 63,000 copies of the PlayStation 4 version and 31,000 for PlayStation 3 in its Japanese debut.[74] By July 2014, the game had sold over eight million copies.[75] It was the biggest video-game launch of the year in Britain until Destiny was released in September, and the third-bestselling game during the second week of that month.[76] Nine million copies had been shipped worldwide in October, two-thirds of which were for the PC, PlayStation 4, and Xbox One.[77] According to Ubisoft's sales figures, Watch Dogs had sold ten million copies by the fiscal quarter ending 31 December 2014.[78]
Awards[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Result
Ref.
2012 Game Critics Awards Best of E3 2012 Special Commendation for Graphics Won [56]
Special Commendation for Innovation Won
30th Golden Joystick Awards One to Watch Nominated [79][80]
2013 Game Critics Awards Best of E3 2013 Best of Show Nominated [81][82]
Best Original Game Nominated
Best Console Game Nominated
Best Action/Adventure Game Won
Best Online Multiplayer Nominated
31st Golden Joystick Awards Most Wanted Nominated [83][84]
VGX 2013 Most Anticipated Game Nominated [85]
2014 32nd Golden Joystick Awards Best Original Game Nominated [86][87]
Best Multiplayer Nominated
Best Gaming Moment (being invaded) Nominated
Game of the Year Nominated
Studio of the Year (Ubisoft Montreal) Won
Giant Bomb's 2014 Game of the Year Awards Most Disappointing Game Won [88]
National Academy of Video Game Trade Reviewers (NAVGTR) awards Lighting/Texturing (Jean-Philippe Leroux) Nominated [89]
Performance in a Drama, Supporting (Aaron Douglas as Jordi Chin) Nominated
Game, Original Adventure (Jonathan Morin) Nominated
Control Design, 3D Nominated
Adaptation and sequel[edit]
In June 2013, Variety reported that Ubisoft Motion Pictures was planning a film adaptation.[90] That August, Sony Pictures Entertainment and New Regency were announced to be partnering with Ubisoft Motion Pictures on the project.[91] Paul Wernick and Rhett Reese were later commissioned to write the film.[92] A sequel to the game, Watch Dogs 2, was announced in June 2016,[93] and released worldwide that November.[94]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Additional work by Ubisoft Reflections, Ubisoft Paris, Ubisoft Quebec, and Ubisoft Bucharest;[1] Ubisoft Reflections contributed nearly ninety staff members.[2]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Brightman, James (15 May 2014). "Watch Dogs becomes Ubisoft's most pre-ordered new IP". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on 1 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Weber, Rachel (28 February 2013). "On Reflections: First interview with the Ubisoft studio's new MD". GamesIndustry.biz. Archived from the original on 26 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Langshaw, Mark (5 June 2012). "E3 2012: 'Watch Dogs' announced by Ubisoft - watch video". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Goldfarb, Andrew (4 June 2012). "E3 2012: Ubisoft Reveals Watch Dogs". IGN. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Kollar, Philip (4 June 2012). "Watch Dogs trailer stuns E3 with next-gen-level graphics". Polygon. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k Whitehead, Dan (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs review". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
Jump up ^ McLaughlin, Rus (4 June 2012). "You are the network in Ubisoft's Watch Dogs". GamesBeat. Archived from the original on 5 January 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Karmali, Luke (27 March 2014). "Watch Dogs Hacks, Vehicles and Weather Discussed". IGN. Archived from the original on 7 April 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k VanOrd, Kevin (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs Review". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Garratt, Patrick (4 June 2012). "E3 2012: Watch Dogs is Ubisoft Montreal's next IP". VG247. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Steinman, Gary (13 May 2014). "What Makes Watch Dogs a True Next-Gen Game". Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 14 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Gies, Arthur (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs review: spook country". Polygon. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Shuman, Sid (10 May 2013). "Watch_Dogs: 7 things you need to know about the future-tech action epic". PlayStation Blog. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Watch Dogs: Creative Director On Building The Game". GamesTM. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Scoville, Max (23 April 2014). "Video: Watch Dogs' Jonathan Morin talks delays, multiplayer, and the franchise's future". Destructoid.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Carter, Chris (27 May 2014). "Review: Watch Dogs". Destructoid. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Lewis, Anne (12 May 2014). "Watch Dogs - Reputation". Ubisoft.
Jump up ^ Hernandez, Patricia (27 June 2013). "Maybe Watch Dogs' Protagonist Isn't Actually The Good Guy". Kotaku. Archived from the original on 1 July 2013.
Jump up ^ Rosenberg, Adam (27 May 2014). "Who watches the Watch Dogs? A guide to getting started in Ubisoft's hacker paradise". Digital Trends. Archived from the original on 30 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Cook, Dave (7 March 2014). "Watch Dogs: 8-player free roam mode confirmed by Ubisoft". VG247. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Wallace, Kimberley (23 April 2014). "Breaking Down Watch Dogs' Multiplayer Modes – Will They Be Meaningful?". Game Informer. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (13 May 2014). "Watch Dogs runs at 900p on PS4, 792p on Xbox One". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 14 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Dutton, Fred (16 May 2013). "Watch_Dogs: Behind the scenes with 2013's rule-breaking action epic". PlayStation Blog. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Pereira, Chris (14 May 2014). "Watch Dogs goes gold, on track for release later this month". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Hoad, Phil (10 June 2013). "From Watch Dogs to GTA V, why 'video games are going to reshape our cities'". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 11 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Nutt, Christian (23 April 2014). "Hack-Man: An interview with Watch Dogs' creative director". Gamasutra. Archived from the original on 8 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Cook, Dave (16 January 2014). "Watch Dogs: pre-delay budget was $68 million, producer claims". VG247. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Carle, Darren (23 July 2014). "Old Dog, New Tricks: Brian Reitzell on scoring Watch Dogs". The Skinny. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Hillier, Brenna (26 February 2013). "Watch Dogs built on all-new engine, doesn't share Assassin's Creed tech". VG247. Archived from the original on 30 June 2013.
Jump up ^ Goldfarb, Andrew (18 December 2013). "Ubisoft: Watch Dogs' Engine Was Originally Built for Driver". IGN. Archived from the original on 1 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Lewis, Anne (10 July 2013). "The Secrets Behind Watch Dogs' Next Gen Experience". Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 12 July 2013.
Jump up ^ de Matos, Xav (28 May 2014). "Why you can't visit Soldier Field in Watch Dogs". Engadget. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Nye Griffiths, Daniel (4 September 2013). "Jonathan Morin, Creative Director of 'Watch Dogs', Interviewed: Surveillance And The City". Forbes. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Starkey, Dan (31 December 2013). "Hacktivists and Watch Dogs: How real-world threats inspired Ubisoft Montreal's new open-world". Engadget. Archived from the original on 12 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Kietzmann, Ludwig (10 May 2013). "Watch Dogs getting hacking feedback from security firm Kaspersky Lab". Engadget. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Kushner, David (26 February 2013). "The Real Story of Stuxnet". IEEE Spectrum. Archived from the original on 11 September 2015.
Jump up ^ Steinman, Gary (6 March 2014). "Why Was Watch Dogs Delayed?". Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 13 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Minsker, Evan (28 May 2014). "Brian Reitzell's Watch Dogs Video Game Soundtrack to Be Released by Portishead's Geoff Barrow's Invada Records: Listen to Three Tracks". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 28 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Grubb, Jeff (4 June 2012). "Here's where that Watch Dogs cube-head QR code goes". GamesBeat. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Tach, Dave (20 February 2013). "Watch Dogs bound for PS4 at the console's launch". Polygon. Archived from the original on 2 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Hinkle, David (20 February 2013). "Ubisoft confirms Watch Dogs for Wii U". Engadget. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (21 May 2013). "Watch Dogs, Assassin's Creed IV confirmed for Xbox One". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 17 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Karmali, Luke (29 April 2013). "Watch Dogs Release Date And Collector's Editions Announced". IGN. Archived from the original on 18 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (15 October 2013). "Watch Dogs delayed to spring 2014". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 15 October 2013.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (6 March 2014). "Watch Dogs release date announced for everything except Wii U". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 7 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Kubba, Sinan (10 September 2014). "Ubisoft confirms Watch Dogs Wii U for November 18". Engadget. Archived from the original on 13 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Van Daal, Joel (11 September 2014). "Watch Dogs Wii U gets ANZ release date". Trade Media.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs companion app out now and you don't even need to own the game". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 17 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Saudi Arabia bans video games after children's deaths". Gulf News. 16 July 2018. Archived from the original on 17 July 2018.
Jump up ^ Gaudiosi, John (1 May 2013). "Alex Ross Talks Watch_Dogs Poster, Digital Comics And Video Games As Art". Forbes. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Macy, Seth G. (17 April 2014). "Ubisoft Announces Watch Dogs eBook". IGN. Archived from the original on 18 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Graser, Marc (20 May 2014). "Smart Promo: Why Ubisoft's 'Watch Dogs' Campaign is the Right Way to Launch a New Game Franchise". Variety.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (28 May 2014). "Watch Dogs PR stunt goes wrong, bomb squad called in". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 29 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Steinman, Gary (3 September 2014). "Watch Dogs – Bad Blood Exposed". Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Krupa, Daniel (15 September 2014). "How Watch Dogs' Bad Blood DLC Changes the Game". IGN. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b North, Dale (26 June 2012). "The Last of Us sweeps the E3 2012 Game Critics Awards". Destructoid. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Schreier, Jason (15 February 2013). "Watch Dogs Will Be Out This Holiday For 'All Home Consoles,' Leaked Poster Says [UPDATE]". Kotaku. Archived from the original on 11 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Lewis, Anne (28 June 2013). "E3 2013 Awards Roundup". Ubisoft. Archived from the original on 19 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (7 March 2014). "Watch Dogs visuals have not been downgraded, Ubisoft says". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 8 March 2014.
Jump up ^ "Watch Dogs PC". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Watch Dogs PlayStation 4". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Watch Dogs Xbox One". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
Jump up ^ "Watch Dogs Wii U". Metacritic. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c Marchiafava, Jeff (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs". Game Informer. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hartup, Andy (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs Review". GamesRadar. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Gerstmann, Jeff (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs Review". Giant Bomb. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Stapleton, Dan (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs Review". IGN. Archived from the original on 27 May 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Livingston, Christopher (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs review". PC Gamer. Archived from the original on 24 August 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Burns, Steven (27 May 2014). "Watch Dogs Review". VideoGamer.com. Archived from the original on 10 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Takahashi, Dean (26 October 2016). "Ubisoft researcher scouted Watch Dogs 2 by hanging out with hacktivists in SF and DefCon". GamesBeat. Archived from the original on 24 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Matulef, Jeffrey (28 May 2014). "Watch Dogs outsold any Ubisoft game ever in 24 hours". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 28 May 2014.
Jump up ^ Phillips, Tom (2 June 2014). "Watch Dogs is the biggest new IP launch in the UK ever". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 2 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Martin, Matt (3 June 2014). "Watch Dogs sells 4 million in first week". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 3 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Romano, Sal (2 July 2014). "Media Create Sales: 6/23/14 – 6/29/14". Gematsu. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Matulef, Jeffrey (10 July 2014). "Watch Dogs has shipped over 8 million units". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 11 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Yin-Poole, Wesley (15 September 2014). "Destiny UK's biggest new IP launch ever". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 15 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Makuch, Eddie (30 October 2014). "Watch Dog Ships 9 Million Copies, Helping Ubisoft Sales Rise Sharply". GameSpot. Archived from the original on 31 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Ubisoft (12 February 2015). "Ubisoft® reports third quarter 2014-15 sales" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 10 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Reynolds, Matthew (23 August 2012). "Golden Joystick Awards 2012 public voting now open". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on 30 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Martin, Liam (26 October 2012). "'Skyrim' voted 'Game of the Year' at 2012 Golden Joystick Awards". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Pitcher, Jenna (26 June 2013). "Game Critics Awards announces Best of E3 2013 nominees, Titanfall dominates". Polygon. Archived from the original on 22 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Corriea, Alexa Ray (2 July 2013). "Titanfall dominates E3 2013 Game Critics Awards with six wins". Polygon. Archived from the original on 3 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Leack, Jonathan (29 August 2013). "Golden Joystick Awards Announces Game of the Year 2013 Nominees". CraveOnline. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Staff (25 October 2013). "Here are your Golden Joystick Award winners 2013". GamesRadar. Archived from the original on 1 March 2015.
Jump up ^ McWhertor, Michael (18 November 2013). "Spike VGX 2013 award nominees announced". Polygon. Archived from the original on 18 November 2013.
Jump up ^ Reynolds, Matthew (24 September 2014). "Golden Joystick Awards 2014 public voting now open". Digital Spy. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Arce, Nicole (28 October 2014). "Golden Joystick Awards 2014: The winners are..." Tech Times. Archived from the original on 11 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Staff (27 December 2014). "Giant Bomb's 2014 Game of the Year Awards: Day Two Text Recap". Giant Bomb. Archived from the original on 27 December 2014.
Jump up ^ "2014 NAVGTR Winners: Dragon 5, Alien/Mordor/South Park 4". NAVGTR. 16 February 2015. Archived from the original on 17 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Graser, Marc (12 June 2013). "Ubisoft To Make Movies Based on 'Watch Dogs,' 'Far Cry,' 'Rabbids' (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety.
Jump up ^ Kain, Erik (20 August 2013). "Sony And Ubisoft Team Up On 'Watch Dogs' Feature Film". Forbes. Archived from the original on 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (24 April 2014). "'Zombieland' Scribes Wernick & Reese To Script Ubisoft's 'Watch Dogs' For Sony & New Regency: Video". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on 9 January 2018.
Jump up ^ Schreier, Jason (6 June 2016). "Ubisoft Announces Watch Dogs 2 Announcement". Kotaku. Archived from the original on 6 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Phillips, Tom (7 June 2016). "Watch Dogs 2 launches November, set in San Francisco". Eurogamer. Archived from the original on 7 June 2016.
Further reading[edit]
Hodgson, David S. J. (2014). Watch Dogs: Prima Official Game Guide. Prima Games. ISBN 978-0-8041-6143-5.
Shirley, John (2014). //n/Dark Clouds. Ubisoft. ASIN B00JS59ZK4.
External links[edit]
Official website
Video Games portal
2010s portal
hide
v
t
e
Ubisoft
Franchises
Anno
Assassin's Creed
Brothers in Arms
Call of Juarez
The Crew
CSI
Driver
Far Cry
Imagine
Just Dance
Might and Magic
Myst
Petz
Prince of Persia
Rayman
Raving Rabbids
Red Steel
The Settlers
Silent Hunter
Tom Clancy's
Ghost Recon
Rainbow Six
Splinter Cell
Watch Dogs
List of Ubisoft games
Subsidiaries
Blue Byte
Ivory Tower
Ketchapp
Leamington
Massive Entertainment
Montpellier
Montreal
Motion Pictures
Nadeo
Quazal
Quebec
RedLynx
Red Storm Entertainment
Reflections
Singapore
Toronto
List of Ubisoft subsidiaries
Technology
AnvilNext
Jade
LyN
Snowdrop
UbiArt Framework
Uplay
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Watch_Dogs&oldid=856311185"
Categories:
2014 video games
Action-adventure games
Asymmetrical multiplayer video games
Augmented reality in fiction
Cameras in fiction
Corporate warfare in fiction
Cybernetted society in fiction
Cyberpunk video games
Gangs in fiction
Hacking video games
Malware in fiction
Multiplayer and single-player video games
Nintendo Network games
Open world video games
Parkour video games
PlayStation 3 games
PlayStation 4 games
Postcyberpunk
Prisons in fiction
Propaganda in fiction
Science fiction video games
Stealth video games
Ubisoft games
Video games about revenge
Video games developed in Canada
Video games set in 2012
Video games set in 2013
Video games set in Chicago
Video games with downloadable content
Wii U eShop games
Wii U games
Windows games
Xbox 360 games
Xbox One games
Hidden categories:
Use American English from January 2018
All Wikipedia articles written in American English
Use dmy dates from July 2017
Articles using Infobox video game using locally defined parameters
Articles using Wikidata infoboxes with locally defined images
Articles using Video game reviews template in single platform mode
Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia
Good articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
Magyar
မြန်မာဘာသာ
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Simple English
Slovenčina
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
20 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 24 August 2018, at 09:56 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: This is a good article. Follow the link for more information.

attrs: href title

attrs: class id

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

values:
/wiki/Watchdog_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Watchdog (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: p

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: tr

value: td

attrs: colspan style

attrs: scope style

values:
/wiki/Video_game_designer
mw-redirect
Video game designer

values: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame1

values: width:22em;float: right; width: 22em; font-size: 90%; text-align: left; border-spacing: 3px;

values:
/wiki/Hacker_(computer_security)
mw-redirect
Hacker (computer security)

values:
/wiki/Multiplayer_online_game
mw-redirect
Multiplayer online game

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values: The player character walking through an urban environment, using his smartphone to scan the area. The heads-up display elements are visible onscreen.

values:
/wiki/Free_roam_game
mw-redirect
Free roam game

values:
/wiki/Non-player_characters
mw-redirect
Non-player characters

values:
/wiki/Driver_(video_game_series)
mw-redirect
Driver (video game series)

values:
/wiki/Corporate_espionage
mw-redirect
Corporate espionage

values:
/wiki/Invada_Records
mw-redirect
Invada Records

values:
/wiki/Released_to_manufacturing
mw-redirect
Released to manufacturing

values:
/wiki/Motherboard_(website)
mw-redirect
Motherboard (website)

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: background:transparent;padding:0em;margin:0em 1em 1em 1em;text-align:center;float:right;clear:right;width:23em

values: Eighth generation of video game consoles

values: background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/Golden_Joystick_Award#2012
mw-redirect
Golden Joystick Award

values: background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/Golden_Joystick_Award#2013
mw-redirect
Golden Joystick Award

values:
/wiki/Golden_Joystick_Award
mw-redirect
Golden Joystick Award

values:
/wiki/Sony_Pictures_Entertainment
mw-redirect
Sony Pictures Entertainment

values:
/wiki/New_Regency
mw-redirect
New Regency

values:
/wiki/Ubisoft_Paris
mw-redirect
Ubisoft Paris

values:
/wiki/Ubisoft_Bucharest
mw-redirect
Ubisoft Bucharest

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: lower-alpha;

values:
nofollow
http://navgtr.org/archives/2445/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.amazon.com/dp/B00JS59ZK4

values:
/wiki/Portal:Video_Games
mw-redirect
Portal:Video Games

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Asymmetrical multiplayer video games

values: Category:Multiplayer and single-player video games

values: Category:Video games developed in Canada

values: Category:Video games with downloadable content

values: Category:Use American English from January 2018

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English

values: Category:Articles using Infobox video game using locally defined parameters

values: Category:Articles using Wikidata infoboxes with locally defined images

values: Category:Articles using Video game reviews template in single platform mode

values: Category:Official website different in Wikidata and Wikipedia

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Watch_Dogs
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: واتش دوغز – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: سگ‌های نگهبان – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-my
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: ウォッチドッグス – Japanese

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: วอตช์ดอกส์ – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Watch_Dogs rootpage-Watch_Dogs skin-vector action-view