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Finnish cuisine
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Karelian pasty (karjalanpiirakka) is a traditional Finnish dish made from a thin rye crust with a filling of barley, or rice. Butter, often mixed with boiled egg (egg butter or munavoi), is spread over the hot pastries before eating.
Finnish cuisine is notable for generally combining traditional country fare and haute cuisine with contemporary continental style cooking. Fish and meat (usually pork, beef or reindeer) play a prominent role in traditional Finnish dishes in some parts of the country, while the dishes elsewhere have traditionally included various vegetables and mushrooms. Evacuees from Karelia contributed to foods in other parts of Finland.[1]
Finnish foods often use wholemeal products (rye, barley, oats) and berries (such as bilberries, lingonberries, cloudberries, and sea buckthorn). Milk and its derivatives like buttermilk are commonly used as food, drink or in various recipes. Various turnips were common in traditional cooking, but were replaced with the potato after its introduction in the 18th century.
Contents
1 Characteristics
2 Finnish food
2.1 Meats from Finland
2.2 Berries
2.3 Fish
2.4 Mushrooms
2.5 Bread
2.6 Porridges
2.7 Beverages
2.8 Desserts
2.9 Sweets
3 Examples of Finnish dishes
3.1 Typical Finnish dishes
3.2 Holiday specialties
3.2.1 Shrove Tuesday
3.2.2 Easter
3.2.3 Vappu (May Day)
3.2.4 Christmas
4 Regional cuisine
4.1 Lapland
4.2 Kainuu
4.3 Karelia
4.4 Savonia
4.5 Ostrobothnia and Åland
4.6 Other specialties
5 Meals
5.1 Breakfast
5.2 Coffee breaks
6 Criticism
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Characteristics[edit]
The way of life and culture of Finns was mainly based on agriculture already at prehistoric times. However, in the harsh and cold environment, agriculture was not very effective nor secure way of life, so getting food from nature has often been important secondary livelihood. When crops failed, it might have been the only way to survive. Also, while farms mainly produced plants like crops or turnips, and often families had only some farm animals to get milk products and meat, hunting and especially fishing were important ways to get more protein. Large scale meat production and therefore meat as a daily food started to emerge only at the beginning of 20th century, after periods of malnutrition in the 19th century caused by failed crops.
In former times, the country's harsh climate meant that fresh fruit and vegetables were largely unavailable for at least nine months of the year, leading to a heavy reliance on staple tubers (initially turnip, later potato), dark rye bread and fermented dairy products, occasionally enlivened with preserved fish and meat. Traditionally, very few spices other than salt were available, and fresh herbs like dill and chives were limited to the summer months. Many Finnish traditional dishes are prepared by stewing them for a long time in an oven, which produces hearty but bland fare. Forests and lakes were historically a major source of food, and produce from forests currently accounts for the distinctive traits in Finnish cuisine. The simplicity of traditional Finnish food has been turned into an advantage by shifting the emphasis to freshness. Modern Finnish restaurateurs now blend high-quality Finnish products with continental cooking techniques. This approach helped Helsinki's Chez Dominique to receive two Michelin stars in 2003 (the restaurant closed in 2013).
Internationalization brought imported goods. As pasta, pizza, kebab, and hamburgers were integrated into Finnish menus, they displaced some traditional everyday dishes like Kaalilaatikko (cabbage casserole), or herring fillets, which some consider inferior. As of the 20th century, when the majority of Finnish women entered the workforce, many traditional dishes that require long preparation time are reserved for holidays.
Even with modern agriculture and transportation, food remains expensive in Finland relative to other European countries. This is notwithstanding the effect of accession to the European Union in 1995. The consequent elimination of trade barriers led prices of products like grains, meat, and milk to drop as much as 50%.[2] Before that, heavy taxes and outright bans on imports that competed with local produce severely limited the availability of foreign or unseasonal food. Nowadays Finnish supermarkets and restaurants provide a variety of food from all over the world.
Finnish cuisine is very similar to Swedish cuisine. In fact, Swedish dishes like Janssons frestelse (janssoninkiusaus), pyttipannu, and gravlax are common in Finland. The overarching difference is the Finns' preference for unsweetened foods. For example, while traditional Swedish rye bread includes plenty of syrup and spices, Finnish rye bread is unsweetened, even bitter. Finnish cuisine also bears some resemblance to German and Russian cuisines.[3] Sausages and buttered bread (like Butterbrot), and kiisseli (kissel) and lihapiirakka (cf. pirozhki) are similar to their respective German and Russian counterparts. Finnish recipes, however, tend to favour fresh ingredients over canned or pickled foods as fresh vegetables, fish, and meat are available throughout the year.[4]
Finnish food[edit]
Meats from Finland[edit]
The most popular meats in Finland are pork (33.5 kg/year/person in 2005), beef (18.6 kg), chicken and duck (13.3 kg).[5] Approximately one third of this is eaten as sausage (makkara), which is mostly made from pork but often mixes in other meats as well.[6] Horse meat, lamb and reindeer make up a small portion of the total meat consumption, but they are widely available.[7]
In addition to domesticated animals, there are long traditions of hunting and fishing in Finland. The hunters focus on deer, moose and bear, but small game such as hare, duck and grouse are popular. Approximately 70,000-80,000 moose are culled yearly producing significant amounts of meat. Due to very strict food hygiene regulations, moose meat is mainly consumed within households and is rarely obtainable in restaurants.
Berries[edit]
Lingonberries are common throughout Finland
Arctic wild berries are distinctively featured in Finnish cuisine with their strong flavor and high nutrient content. Traditionally, they were eaten fresh in summer and dried at other times of year. It is still quite common to go picking berries straight from the forests. Wild raspberries, bilberries and lingonberries (cowberries) are found in almost every part of Finland, while cloudberries, cranberries, arctic brambles and sea buckthorns grow in more limited areas. The intensely flavored wild strawberry (metsämansikka) is a seasonal delicacy decorating cakes, served alone, with cream, or with ice cream. Farmed strawberry is also very common.
Today, berries are no longer dried for winter consumption but usually frozen. They may be used as ingredients, or eaten on their own, for example, with porridge and sugar. Kisel (a sweet soup of berry juice and berries thickened with potato starch) is a common dessert. Homemade berry juices and jams are common, especially among older people. While berries are most often used for desserts, they are also served with meat, especially the sour lingonberry relish.
Bilberry kiisseli and pie, made from wild bilberries (Vaccinium myrtillus), are traditional Finnish desserts. Bilberries are frequently used in Finnish cuisine, both as an ingredient, such as bilberry pie, and also served with cream or ice cream. They are often used on top of viili and other yogurt-type dishes.
Fish[edit]
Fried vendace (Coregonus albula) is a summer-time delicacy in Finland. The fish are fried, served, and eaten whole, usually accompanied with garlic sauce.
Fried Baltic herring is a popular and wholesome Finnish dish. It is usually accompanied with boiled or mashed potatoes.
Lakes and rivers in Finland and the Baltic Sea provide many opportunities for fishing and fish has always been an important protein source. Numerous methods of preparing fish are used, including frying, boiling, drying, salting, fermenting, cold smoking or simply slicing sea fish and eating it raw. Salmon is a popular choice, both as kylmäsavustettu lohi: cold smoked salmon, lox, or served raw with lemon juice as graavilohi (gravlax in Swedish). It is common to smoke any types of fish, like salmon, zander, pike, perch and Baltic herring. A popular dish among the Swedish-speaking population is smoked herring (Finnish: savusilakka, Swedish: böckling). There are many styles of pickled herring which is a common appetizer and also served around Midsummer accompanied by small potatoes called uusiperuna (nypotatis in Swedish) which literally means 'new potato', usually the first harvests of potato. Whitefish and vendace roe are Finnish delicacies served on top of a toast or with blinis. Crayfish can be found in many lakes and streams in Finland and, in August especially, the Swedish-speaking population often arranges parties centered around eating crayfish and drinking.
Mushrooms[edit]
Chanterelles often grow near birch trees
Various species of mushrooms grow in abundance in Finnish forests and false morels start the season in spring and are used in creamy dishes. Chanterelles and ceps pop up after Midsummer and are popular in the whole country, while in eastern Finland almost all edible fungi are consumed, including milkcaps and russulas. Most of the mushroom recipes originate from Russia, since Finns used mushrooms in coloring fabrics rather than as food. Mushrooms are used in soups, sauces, stews, pie fillings, or simply fried in a pan with onions as a side dish. They are preserved for the winter by pickling or drying. Chanterelles are frequently featured in Finnish haute cuisine with their relatives winter chanterelles which often end the season. Just like berry picking, mushroom hunting is also a popular outdoor activity among Finns.
Bread[edit]
Main article: Finnish bread
Rye and potato rieska
Dark and fiber-rich ruisleipä, rye bread is a staple of the Finnish diet. Breads are made from grains like barley, oat, rye and wheat, or by mixing different grits and flours. For example, sihtileipä is made of a combination of rye and wheat. There is also a variety of flat breads called rieska, like maitorieska (milk flatbread), ryynirieska with barley grits from Savonia, läskirieska (lard flatbread) a somewhat flat barley bread with pieces of lard from Western coast, and perunarieska (potato flatbread). In Kainuu, North Finland, the flatbreads are very flat and baked on naked flame. Näkkileipä, crisp rye bread, is also common. Famines caused by crop failures in the 19th century caused Finns to improvise pettuleipä or bark bread,[8] bread made from rye flour and the soft phloem layer of pine bark, which was nutritious, but rock-hard and anything but tasty. It was eaten also during the Second World War, and the tradition of making this bread has had a minor come-back with claims of health benefits.
Porridges[edit]
The Finnish breakfast traditionally includes a substantial portion of porridge. Rolled oats, rye or multi-grain porridge are most common. However, there are other options such as the milk-based mannapuuro (semolina-milk porridge) and helmipuuro (starch grain-milk porridge). Porridges are often eaten with milk, sugar, butter or berry kiisseli. The Christmas season introduces milk-based rice porridge (riisipuuro), sprinkled with cinnamon and sugar and often topped with prune kiisseli (luumukiisseli).
Beverages[edit]
Water and coffee are the most common drinks in Finland, but during meals milk and sour milk (piimä, a fermented milk) are popular too, even among adults. Coffee is often drunk several times a day and served everywhere, and tea is available in most homes. There are several types of home-brewed alcoholic beverages, sima (mead), sahti (traditional beer) and kilju (sugar wine, a notorious drink traditionally fermented without flavoring). An illegally distilled 'moonshine' spirit is named pontikka. Spirits brands include Koskenkorva (vodka-like clear spirit) and a salmiakki flavored shot Salmiakkikossu, Jaloviina (cut brandy), Finlandia Vodka, and Marskin ryyppy (Marshal Mannerheim's shot). Around Christmas time a type of mulled wine called glögi is served, also often as a non-alcoholic version. Many berries are used to season liqueurs, e.g. cloudberry liqueur and there are wines produced from red and black currants. A national specialty would be multiple brands of flavored hard ciders (as in Sweden) and long drink mixes with the pet name lonkero, which was originally a gin and grapefruit soda long drink.
The Finnish beer scene is dominated by pale lagers. The most popular local brands are Koff, Lapin Kulta, Karjala, Olvi and Karhu and their taste is rather similar to the Danish counterparts like Carlsberg and Tuborg; soft and a bit sweet. Non-alcoholic beer has also become a popular alternative during recent years. Kotikalja (similar to Russian kvass) is the traditional small beer. Kotikalja is a malty, sugar-containing sweet beer fermented only for carbonation, thus its alcohol content is low enough (<1.2%) to be served as a soft drink. Hops are often absent. Fresh kotikalja is unfiltered, cloudy and cannot be stored. A Finnish beer specialty is sahti, a traditional ale flavoured with juniper berries.
Desserts[edit]
Several types of pulla sweet bread
Pulla, sweet, cardamom-flavored bread eaten with coffee or as dessert
Cinnamon rolls (korvapuustit) - pulla made into a roll with cinnamon and sugar
Golden cloudberry dessert
Kiisseli – water, sugar, berry juice and berries (nowadays often canned or frozen) thickened with potato starch flour, served with milk/cream and sugar. These may be less liquid than drink-like mustikkakeitto (Swedish blåbärssoppa), depending on preparation, but not gelatinous.
Vispipuuro (whipped porridge) a sweet pink dessert porridge with lingonberries or other berries, served with milk and sugar.
Runeberg torte named after a national poet J.L. Runeberg and served on his memorial day on the 5th of February.
Rönttönen pastry with lingonberry filling
Sweets[edit]
Salmiakki – salty black liquorice candy
Fazer Blue milk chocolate
Wood tar (terva) flavoured candy, such as Terva Leijona
Examples of Finnish dishes[edit]
Note that the term perinneruoka ("traditional dish") is often applied to specialties that are rarely eaten on a daily basis. These are often regional, associated with the older generations or confined to a specific holiday (for example, mämmi in Easter or most Christmas dishes), and most people eat them rarely or not at all. To contrast with perinneruoka, the term kotiruoka ("home-made food", even if in a restaurant) is applied to daily staple dishes. Meatballs, pea soup and rye bread are examples of such staples.
The following list is a sample of typical dishes traditionally consumed in Finland.
Typical Finnish dishes[edit]
Leipäjuusto is a cheese, here served with cloudberry jam
Kaalikääryleet – cabbage rolls
Game food. – Moose, deer, grouse, duck, hare, etc... dishes. Rarely attainable in restaurants. Common amongst those whose hobby is hunting.
Hernekeitto – pea soup, usually served on Thursday along with a dessert pancake
Leipäjuusto, alternate names hiilikko and juustoleipä – a fresh cow's milk cheese
Viili – a yoghurt-like fermented milk product
Perunamuusi – Mashed potato, a common side dish
Lihapullat – Finnish meatballs, often with gravy sauce
Palvikinkku and palviliha – Smoked ham or beef
Holiday specialties[edit]
Shrove Tuesday[edit]
Laskiaispulla
Hernekeitto - Pea soup made with ham and traditionally served with mustard.
Laskiaispulla – (Shrovetide pulla) filled with whipped cream and almond paste or jam
Easter[edit]
Mämmi Easter Dessert Pudding: sweetened oven-baked rye malt porridge, served with sugar and milk or cream, available frozen around the year. In the Catholic era it was Lent food and also served on Good Friday.
Pasha a dessert made of quark, butter, eggs and spices, originates from Russia
Vappu (May Day)[edit]
Sima (mead) home-made or purchased
Munkki (deep-fried pulla dough coated in sugar similar to doughnuts)
Tippaleipä (May Day fritters) analogous to funnel cake
Christmas[edit]
Joulupöytä "Christmas table" consists of many dishes almost entirely reserved for Christmas and some side dishes and is also the name of the dish Eve is preparing for Wednesday.
Glögi (mulled wine) is served around holiday season
Regional cuisine[edit]
Lapland[edit]
Sautéed reindeer with mashed potatoes, lingonberry jam and pickles
Sautéed reindeer (poronkäristys)
Lohikeitto salmon soup with cream
Kainuu[edit]
Rönttönen, pastry with lingonberry filling (PGI protection under EU law)
Smoked meat soup
Kainuun Juustoleipä, Bread Cheese
Vendace fish soup
Pettuleipä (Pettu-bread), a bread made from rye flour and pine bark
Karelia[edit]
Karelian pasties popular throughout the whole of Finland
Karelian Stew/Hot Pot often part of Christmas menu everywhere in Finland
Sultsina sold at the market square in Joensuu and other places in the area
Savonia[edit]
Kalakukko fish pasty loaf
Mykyrokka blood dumpling soup
Lörtsy pastry filled with sour or sweet fillings (meat, vegetable or jam)
Ostrobothnia and Åland[edit]
Due the location on the West coast, the cuisine has some local specialities.
Klimppisoppa flour dumpling soup
Åland's pancake typically made of leftover porridge and served with plum soup
Swedish svartbröd "black bread" is eaten in Swedish-speaking Åland; similar dark bread, known as skärgårdslimpa ("islander's bread", referring to Åland), is made on southern coast, and in Malax on the Ostrobothnian coast (malaxlimpa). This bread, coloured dark brown, is made from rye and contains a substantial quantity of dark syrup.
Other specialties[edit]
Mustamakkara – Blood sausage from Tampere
Rössypottu from Oulu (mixed blood pudding and pork stew)
Hapanvelli (rye and pea porridge) from Virolahti
Kakko, a type of white bread baked mostly in the Satakunta region[9]
Meals[edit]
Lohikeitto is a creamy salmon soup and a common dish in Finland and other Nordic countries.
There are three meals per day: breakfast, lunch and dinner. In all primary and secondary schools, including high school, a hot free lunch is served as part of Finland's welfare state system. Lunch, eaten around noon, is usually a warm meal, although some people may select a lighter meal such as a sandwich or a salad. Taking a lunchbox is not as common as elsewhere in Europe.[10] Lunch typically consists of a single course with optional side salad, bread and dessert. Many workplaces have a lunch restaurant, and if not, employers often give lunch vouchers. Restaurants often have a separate lunch menu for this purpose. In the evening, the dinner is usually a hot meal, again with sides. Meals are usually single-course, commonly consisting of meat of some sort (pork, lamb, chicken, beef) and potatoes, rice or pasta with the meat. Soups, such as pea soup or fish soup, are not considered appetizers only, but may be served as lunch or dinner, and they are correspondingly heavier and come in larger portions.
Breakfast[edit]
Breakfast is seen as a substantial meal and usually consists of open sandwiches. The sandwich is often buttered, with savoury toppings such as hard cheese or cold cuts. Sour milk products such as yoghurt or viili are also common breakfast foods, usually served in a bowl with cereals such as corn flakes, muesli, and sometimes with sugar, fruit or jam. A third food that is commonly eaten at breakfast is porridge (puuro), often made of rolled oats, and eaten with a pat of butter (voisilmä, lit. "butter eye") or with milk, or fruit or jam, especially the sort made of raspberries or strawberries (sometimes lingonberries). Drinks are milk, juice, tea, or coffee.
Coffee breaks[edit]
Finland has the highest coffee consumption per capita in the world, averaging 12 kilograms (26 lb) of coffee per person annually.[11] It is typical for a Finn to drink coffee continuously throughout the day, often accompanied by a sweet bun or a sandwich. Most workplaces allocate time for coffee breaks and serving coffee is an inevitable part of any visit to a private home.
Criticism[edit]
Pizza Berlusconi
In 2005, Finnish cuisine came under heavy fire from two leaders of countries renowned for their cuisine. The Italian prime minister Silvio Berlusconi claimed that "I've been to Finland and I had to endure the Finnish diet so I am in a position to make a comparison." Berlusconi started his anti-Finnish food campaign in 2001. He went on: "The Finns don't even know what Parma ham is." This followed the initial decision by the European Commission to establish the European Food Safety Authority in Helsinki. On the 4th of July 2005 French President Jacques Chirac claimed that "After Finland, [Britain is] the country with the worst food." [12][13]
After Jacques Chirac's and Silvio Berlusconi's critiques, some international food reporters answered:
"Chirac and Berlusconi are wrong! Finnish cuisine is much more international than I expected. I have eaten very good food in wonderful restaurants, visited market places and enjoyed in good cafeterias. Cheese is very good in Finland. I also love Finnish cloudberry and smoked fish." (Ute Junker, Australian Financial Review Magazine, Sydney, Australia)
"Food in Finnish restaurants is extremely good. Especially I love Finnish salmon, mushroom soup and desserts. I have also got very good Finnish wines. The worldwide reputation of Finnish cuisine isn't very good – but it should be!" (Liliane Delwasse, Le Figaro, Paris, France)
"I have eaten only good food in Finland. Food in Finland is very fresh. Bread, berries, mushrooms and desserts are very delicious. Finnish berries (especially cloudberry), salmon, cheeses and reindeer should be available in London, too." (April Hutchinson, Abta Magazine, London, England).
Finnish pizza chain Kotipizza won the 2008 America’s Plate International pizza contest in New York, while Italian-American pizza came in second. They named their award-winning smoked reindeer pizza Berlusconi as symbolic payback for the critique Finnish cuisine had received from the Italian prime minister earlier.[14]
See also[edit]
Food portal
Culture of Finland
Lappish cuisine
List of Christmas dishes
Porilainen
Russian cuisine
Swedish cuisine
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Tolvanen, Kristiina. "A Nation in Transition: The Resettlement of the Karelian Evacuees". Department of Translation Studies, University of Tampere. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
Jump up ^ Tietoaika, Tilastokeskus,. "Tilastokeskus - Tietoaika - Tietoaika 2/2005". Stat.fi. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Finnish Food". Fresh! From Finland. Archived from the original on 12 November 2013. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "??" (PDF). Publications.theseus.fi. Retrieved 2017-08-02.
Jump up ^ "Liha". Akva.ayy.fi. 27 May 2013. Archived from the original on 27 May 2013. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-05-27. Retrieved 2011-10-22. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ "Suomessa lihaa syödään kohtuullisesti". Lihatiedotus.fi. Retrieved 24 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Famine Bread". Genealogia.fi. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "Pakarin pitkän iän salaisuus piilee kakossa". yle.fi (in Finnish). Yle. August 12, 2011. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Englantilainen vs. suomalainen ruoka eli friteerattua Mars-patukkaa ja unohdettuja metsän antimia - Makutarinoita". Makutarinoita. Archived from the original on 5 December 2014. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
Jump up ^ Soria, Claudia. "Coffee Consumption Per Capita Worldwide". IndexMundi Blog. Retrieved 12 November 2013.
Jump up ^ McIntosh, Neil (July 4, 2005). "Chirac shares a joke at Britain's expense". The Guardian. London. Retrieved May 2, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2005-06-21. Retrieved 2005-07-05. CS1 maint: Archived copy as title (link)
Jump up ^ "Reindeer Pizza Named after Berlusconi". Corriere.it. Retrieved 27 November 2014.
External links[edit]
Wikibooks Cookbook has a recipe/module on
Finnish cuisine
Food from Finland
Mediaeval Food from Finland from the Hotel and Restaurant Museum On the museum website can be found menus over the last century, which shows the food available in Finland.
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Defender (association football)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
In the sport of association football, a defender is an outfield player whose primary role is to prevent the opposing team from scoring goals.
There are four types of defenders: centre-back, sweeper, full-back, and wing-back. The centre-back and full-back positions are essential in most modern formations. The sweeper and wing-back roles are more specialised for certain formations.
Contents
[hide]
1 Centre-back
2 Sweeper (libero)
3 Full-back
4 Wing-back
5 See also
6 References
Centre-back[edit]
Centre-back John Terry (26, blue) closely marks centre-forward Didier Drogba.
A centre-back (also known as a central defender or centre-half) defends in the area directly in front of the goal, and tries to prevent opposing players, particularly centre-forwards, from scoring. Centre-backs accomplish this by blocking shots, tackling, intercepting passes, contesting headers and marking forwards to discourage the opposing team from passing to them.
The common 4–4–2 formation uses two centre-backs.
With the ball, centre-backs are generally expected to make long and pinpoint passes to their teammates, or to kick unaimed long balls down the field. For example, a clearance is a long unaimed kick intended to move the ball as far as possible from the defender's goal. Due to the many skills centre-backs are required to possess in the modern game, many successful contemporary central-defensive partnerships have involved pairing a more physical defender with a defender who is quicker, more comfortable in possession and capable of playing the ball out from the back; examples of such pairings are John Terry and Ricardo Carvalho with Chelsea, Nemanja Vidić and Rio Ferdinand with Manchester United, or Giorgio Chiellini, Leonardo Bonucci and Andrea Barzagli with Juventus.[1][2]
During normal play, centre-backs are unlikely to score goals. However, when their team takes a corner kick or other set pieces, centre-backs may move forward to the opponents' penalty area; if the ball is passed in the air towards a crowd of players near the goal, then the heading ability of a centre-back is useful when trying to score. In this case, other defenders or midfielders will temporarily move into the centre-back positions.
In the modern game, most teams employ two or three centre-backs in front of the goalkeeper. The 4–2–3–1, 4–3–3, and 4–4–2 formations all use two centre-backs.
There are two main defensive strategies used by centre-backs: the zonal defence, where each centre-back covers a specific area of the pitch; and man-to-man marking, where each centre-back has the job of covering a particular opposition player.
Sweeper (libero)[edit]
The 5–3–2 formation with a sweeper
The sweeper (or libero) is a more versatile centre-back who "sweeps up" the ball if an opponent manages to breach the defensive line.[3][4] This position is rather more fluid than that of other defenders who man-mark their designated opponents. Because of this, it is sometimes referred to as libero ([ˈlibero]), which originated from the Italian name for this position libero da impegni di marcatura (i.e., "free from man-marking tasks").[5][6]
Though sweepers may be expected to build counter-attacking moves, and as such require better ball control and passing ability than typical centre-backs, their talents are often confined to the defensive realm. For example, the catenaccio system of play, used in Italian football in the 1960s, employed a purely defensive sweeper who only "roamed" around the back line; Armando Picchi was a leading exponent of the more traditional variant of this role in Helenio Herrera's Grande Inter side.[7][8]
The more modern libero possesses the defensive qualities of the typical libero while being able to expose the opposition during counterattacks. The Fundell-libero has become more popular in recent time with the sweeper transitioning to the most advanced forward in an attack. This variation on the position requires great pace and fitness. While rarely seen in professional football, the position has been extensively used in lower leagues. Modern libero sit behind centre-backs as a sweeper before charging through the team to join in the attack.[9][10]
Some sweepers move forward and distribute the ball up-field, while others intercept passes and get the ball off the opposition without needing to hurl themselves into tackles. If the sweeper does move up the field to distribute the ball, they will need to make a speedy recovery and run back into their position. In modern football, its usage has been fairly restricted, with few clubs in the biggest leagues using the position.
The position is most commonly associated to have been pioneered by Franz Beckenbauer, Gaetano Scirea and Elias Figueroa although they were not the first players to play this position, with earlier proponents such as Alexandru Apolzan, Ivano Blason, Velibor Vasović and Ján Popluhár.[9][11][12][13][14][15][16] Other defenders who have been described as sweepers include Bobby Moore, Franco Baresi, Ronald Koeman, Fernando Hierro, Matthias Sammer, and Aldair, due to their ball skills, vision, and long passing ability.[9][11][12][17] Though it is rarely used in modern football, it remains a highly respected and demanding position.
A recent and successful use of the sweeper was made by Otto Rehhagel, Greece's manager, during UEFA Euro 2004. Rehhagel utilized Traianos Dellas as Greece's sweeper to great success, as Greece surprisingly became European champions.
Although this position has become largely obsolete in modern football formations, due to the use of zonal marking and the offside trap, certain defenders such as Leonardo Bonucci, David Luiz and Daniele De Rossi have played a similar role as a ball-playing central defender in a 3–5–2 or 3–4–3 formation:[18] in addition to their defensive skills, their technique and ball-playing ability allowed them to advance into midfield after winning back possession, and function as a secondary playmaker for their teams.[18][19]
Some goalkeepers, who are comfortable leaving their goalmouth to intercept and clear through balls, and who generally participate more in play, such as René Higuita, Manuel Neuer, and Hugo Lloris, among others, have been referred to as sweeper-keepers.[20][21][22]
Full-back[edit]
Full-back Philipp Lahm (right) marks winger Nani.
The full-backs (the left-back and the right-back) take up the holding wide positions and traditionally stayed in defence at all times, until a set-piece. There is one full-back on each side of the field except in defences with fewer than four players, where there may be no full-backs and instead only centre-backs.[23]
United States women's national football team defender Ali Krieger
In the modern game, full-backs have taken on a more attacking role than is the case traditionally, often overlapping with wingers down the flank.[24] Wingerless formations, such as the diamond 4–4–2 formation, demand the full-back to cover considerable ground up and down the flank. Some of the responsibilities of modern full-backs include:
Provide a physical obstruction to opposition attacking players by shepherding them towards an area where they exert less influence. They may manoeuvre in a fashion that causes the opponent to cut in towards the centre-back or defensive midfielder with their weaker foot, where they are likely to be dispossessed. Otherwise, jockeying and smart positioning may simply pin back a winger in an area where they are less likely to exert influence.
Making off-the-ball runs into spaces down the channels and supplying crosses into the opposing penalty box.
Throw-ins are often assigned to full-backs.
Marking wingers and other attacking players. Full-backs generally do not commit into challenges in their opponents' half. However, they aim to quickly dispossess attacking players who have already breached the defensive line with a sliding tackle from the side. Markers must however avoid keeping too tight on opponents or risk disrupting the defensive organisation.[25]
Maintaining tactical discipline by ensuring other teammates do not overrun the defensive line and inadvertently play an opponent onside.
Providing a passing option down the flank; for instance, by creating opportunities for sequences like one-two passing moves.
In wingerless formations, full-backs need to cover the roles of both wingers and full-backs, although defensive work may be shared with one of the central midfielders.
Additionally, attacking full-backs help to pin both opposition full-backs and wingers deeper in their own half with aggressive attacking intent. Their presence in attack also forces the opposition to withdraw players from central midfield, which the team can seize to its advantage.[26]
Due to the physical and technical demands of their playing position, successful full-backs need a wide range of attributes, which make them suited for adaptation to other roles on the pitch. Many of the game's utility players, who can play in multiple positions on the pitch, are natural full-backs. A rather prominent example is the Real Madrid full-back Sergio Ramos, who has played on the flanks as a full-back and in central defence throughout his career. In the modern game, full-backs often chip in a fair share of assists with their runs down the flank when the team is on a counter-attack. The more common attributes of full-backs, however, include:
Pace and stamina to handle the demands of covering large distances up and down the flank.
A healthy work rate and team responsibility.
Marking and tackling abilities and a sense of anticipation.
Good off-the-ball ability to create attacking opportunities for his team by running into empty channels.
Dribbling ability. Many of the game's eminent attacking full-backs are excellent dribblers in their own right and occasionally deputise as attacking wingers.
Player intelligence. As is common for defenders, full-backs need to decide during the flow of play whether to stick close to a winger or maintain a suitable distance. Full-backs that stay too close to attacking players are vulnerable to being pulled out of position and leaving a gap in the defence. A quick passing movement like a pair of one-two passes will leave the channel behind the defending full-back open. This vulnerability is a reason why wingers considered to be dangerous are double-marked by both the full-back and the winger. This allows the full-back to focus on holding his defensive line.[27]
Wing-back[edit]
The wing-back is a modern variation on the full-back with heavier emphasis on attack. This type of defender focuses more heavily on attack than defence, yet they must have the ability, when needed, to fall back and mark opposing players to lessen the threat of conceding a goal-scoring opportunity. Some formations have wing back players that mainly focus on defending, and some that focus more on attack.
In the evolution of the modern game, wing-backs are the combination of wingers and full-backs. As such, it is one of the most physically demanding positions in modern football. Wing-backs are often more adventurous than full-backs and are expected to provide width, especially in teams without wingers. A wing-back needs to be of exceptional stamina, be able to provide crosses upfield and defend effectively against opponents' attacks down the flanks. A defensive midfielder is usually fielded to cover the advances of wing-backs.[28] It can also be occupied by wingers and side midfielders in a three centre-back formation. Good examples are Dani Carvajal, Juan Cuadrado, Marcelo, Cafu, Alex Sandro, Dani Alves, Maicon, and Bruno Peres with the Brazil national football team, Victor Moses, Marcos Alonso in Chelsea FC, recently Kyle Walker and Benjamin Mendy in Manchester City, and Danny Rose of Tottenham Hotspur under Mauricio Pochettino.
See also[edit]
Association football positions
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Rob Bagchi (19 January 2011). "Judges have a blindspot when destroyers like Vidic play a blinder". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Paolo Bandini (13 June 2016). "Giorgio Chiellini: ‘I have a strong temperament but off the pitch I am more serene’". The Guardian. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
Jump up ^ BBC Sports Academy
Jump up ^ Evolution of the Sweeper
Jump up ^ "DIZIONARIO DI ITALIANO DALLA A ALLA Z: Battitore" (in Italian). La Repubblica. Retrieved 21 April 2016.
Jump up ^ Damele, Fulvio (1998). Calcio da manuale. Demetra. p. 104. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "La leggenda della Grande Inter" [The legend of the Grande Inter] (in Italian). Inter.it. Archived from the original on 19 October 2012. Retrieved 10 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Mario Sconcerti (23 November 2016). "Il volo di Bonucci e la classifica degli 8 migliori difensori italiani di sempre" (in Italian). Il Corriere della Sera. Retrieved 27 December 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "BBC Football - Positions guide: Sweeper". BBC SPort. 1 September 2005. Retrieved 5 January 2008.
Jump up ^ "Positions guide: Sweeper". BBC Sport. 1 September 2005. Retrieved 21 June 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "Remembering Scirea, Juve's sweeper supreme". FIFA.com. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Franz Beckenbauer Biography". Retrieved 5 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Rotting fruit, dying flowers The Guardian
Jump up ^ Czechoslovakia World Cup Hero Jan Popluhar Dies Aged 75 Goal.com
Jump up ^ VELIBOR VASOVIC The Independent
Jump up ^ "Evolution of the Sweeper". Outsideoftheboot.com.
Jump up ^ "Franchino (detto Franco) BARESI (II)". Retrieved 5 January 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Daniele De Rossi and the strange story of the Libero". forzaitalianfootball. Retrieved 5 January 2015.
Jump up ^ "L'ANGOLO TATTICO di Juventus-Lazio - Due gol subiti su due lanci di Bonucci: il simbolo di una notte da horror" (in Italian). Retrieved 5 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Tim Vickery (10 February 2010). "The Legacy of Rene Higuita". BBC. Retrieved 11 June 2014
Jump up ^ Early, Ken (8 July 2014). "Manuel Neuer cleans up by being more than a sweeper". The Irish Times. Retrieved 11 July 2014.
Jump up ^ Wilson, Jonathan (13 February 2014). "Tottenham's Hugo Lloris is Premier League's supreme sweeper-keeper". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Football is Coming Home to Die-Hard Translators". Article on the Translation Journal. 1 April 2008. Archived from the original on 27 March 2008. Retrieved 14 April 2008.
Jump up ^ Pleat, David (6 June 2007). "Fleet-of-foot full-backs carry key to effective attacking". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 11 December 2008. David Pleat explains in a Guardian article how full-backs aid football teams when attacking.
Jump up ^ Pleat, David (18 February 2008). "How Gunners can avoid being pulled apart by Brazilian". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 11 December 2008. David Pleat explains the team effort in marking an attacking player stationed in the outside-wing position.
Jump up ^ Pleat, David (18 May 2006). "How Larsson swung the tie". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 11 December 2008. David Pleat explains how the introductions of Barcelona full-back Juliano Belletti and striker Henrik Larsson in the 2006 UEFA Champions League Final improved Barcelona's presence in wide areas. Belletti eventually scored the winning goal for the final.
Jump up ^ Pleat, David (31 December 2007). "City countered by visitors' Petrov defence". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 11 December 2008. David Pleat discusses the tactical implications of full-backs and other defenders marking wingers in a Guardian match analysis.
Jump up ^ "Positions guide: Wingback". London: BBC Sport. 1 September 2005. Retrieved 21 June 2008.
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Square Pegs
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Square Pegs (disambiguation).
Square Pegs
Genre
Sitcom
Created by
Anne Beatts
Starring
Sarah Jessica Parker
Amy Linker
Merritt Butrick
John Femia
Tracy Nelson
Jami Gertz
Claudette Wells
Jon Caliri
Theme music composer
The Waitresses
Composer(s)
Tom Scott (pilot)
Paul Shaffer ("Special Musical Material", pilot)
Jonathan Wolff
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
20 (list of episodes)
Production
Producer(s)
Anne Beatts
Luciano Martino
Cinematography
Brianne Murphy
Richard N. Hannah
Emil Oster
Editor(s)
Joy Kamen
Joy Wilson
Camera setup
Single camera
Running time
22–24 minutes
Production company(s)
Embassy Television
Distributor
Columbia Pictures Television
Embassy Telecommunications
(1986)
Columbia TriStar Television
Sony Pictures Television
Release
Original network
CBS
Audio format
Monaural
Original release
September 27, 1982 (1982-09-27) – March 7, 1983 (1983-03-07)
Square Pegs is an American sitcom that aired on CBS during the 1982–1983 season. The series follows Patty Greene (Sarah Jessica Parker) and Lauren Hutchinson (Amy Linker), two awkward teenage girls desperate to fit in at Weemawee High School.
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview and setting
2 Main characters
3 Opening dialogue
4 Episodes
5 Theme song and other music
6 Reception
7 Broadcast history
8 DVD releases
9 References
10 Footnotes
11 External links
Overview and setting[edit]
Created by former Saturday Night Live writer Anne Beatts, the pilot introduces an eclectic group of eight freshmen on their first day at Weemawee High School. The series was much acclaimed by critics at the time for its realistic look at teenage life, reflecting a sensibility somewhat similar to the John Hughes teen comedies of later years.[1]
Main characters[edit]
Sarah Jessica Parker as Patty Greene in the episode "It's All How You See Things"
Patty Greene (Sarah Jessica Parker) is a budding young woman, not quite beautiful yet, but well cultured and intelligent. While clever and seemingly well-adjusted, she seems awkward and a social misfit (i.e. a square peg) when amongst the "popular" students. Patty hates her eyeglasses, but her father won't let her get contacts (because, he says, her eyes are "still growing").
Patty's very close friend Lauren Hutchinson (Amy Linker) struggles with her weight (the actress needed to wear padding for the role), has braces, wears unusual clothing, and also does not fit in with the popular crowd. However, much more so than Patty, Lauren constantly desires to be in with the in crowd, and the series' episodes revolve more or less around her dragging Patty into various schemes in attempts to make them more popular.
Lauren and Patty are surrounded by colorful supporting characters. Their friends Marshall Blechtman (John Femia) and Johnny "Slash" Ulasewicz (Merritt Butrick) are a pair of lovable geeks. Marshall is a motormouthed would-be comedian, while Johnny is a soft-spoken new wave fan (not punk... "a totally different head... totally.") Though seemingly off in his own reality most of the time, Johnny Slash states that he "[does not] do drugs and isn't a hippie" and on more than one occasion displays unexpected intuition and empathy, particularly regarding Marshall and the girls. The two help to maintain a school radio station. Several episodes indicate that Marshall is attracted to Lauren and Johnny to Patty.
The popular kids whom Patty and Lauren are usually trying to impress are Jennifer DiNuccio (Tracy Nelson), the quintessential buxom Valley girl, her boyfriend Vinnie Pasetta (Jon Caliri), a handsome greaser hood, and LaDonna Fredericks (Claudette Wells), Jennifer's friend and the sole minority character in the cast. Vinnie is cool but dense, using the "Why don't you make like a tree and get out of here?" line three years before the character Biff in 1985's Back to the Future. LaDonna is known for sassy remarks such as "Shoot, child, you think this place is crowded? You should have seen our living room when The Jeffersons went to Hawaii. Those were the three worst Sundays of my life."
The typical official high school activity culture is personified by preppy Muffy B. Tepperman (Jami Gertz) who is the endlessly chipper chairperson of the Weemawee Pep Committee, head of the Morals Club, chairman of the Science Fair Committee and member of the Future Nurses of America. Muffy has a memorably pompous, oratorical speaking style and begins many sentences with "It behooves me to tell you..." or an elongated "People...". Though perhaps even more socially inept ("I’m going to ignore that because, frankly, I don't get it"), Muffy's unawareness and/or lack of concern with her failure to fit in with the popular kids is in stark contrast to the motivation of the show's protagonists, and does not stop her from relentless involvement in peppy activities.
An ongoing gag throughout the series is Muffy's fundraising for Weemawee's adopted "little Guatemalan child," Rosarita. As the series progresses, Muffy's charitable intentions become more and more frivolous, asking the school community to provide the girl with her own apartment away from her parents, cable TV, a second pair of culottes, swimwear, a split-level duplex, and finally, her own cleaning lady.
This group of eight students, though clearly of varied academic standing, are always in the same classes.
The recurring staff members at the school are:
Ms. Alison Loomis (Catlin Adams), a feminist liberal arts teacher who often complains about her ex-husband
Mr. Rob "Lovebeads" Donovan (Steven Peterman), who continuously brings up his antics in the 1960s and always stops just short of completing references to smoking pot
Mr. John Michael Spacek (Craig Richard Nelson), the affected but married drama teacher
Dr. Winthrop Dingleman (Basil Hoffman), the grinning, square principal
Series creator Anne Beatts appeared in two episodes as Miss Rezucha.
Home life of the students is rarely depicted, but Patty's father is prominently featured in the Christmas episode, played by Tony Dow, best known as the character Wally Cleaver in Leave It to Beaver.
Opening dialogue[edit]
Before the opening credits and theme song begin, every episode starts with the following dialogue appearing in a montage of stills from the school:
Lauren: Listen. I've got this whole high school thing psyched out. It all breaks down into cliques.
Patty: Cliques?
Lauren: Yeah, you know. Cliques. Little in-groups of different kids. All we have to do is click with the right clique, and we can finally have a social life that's worthy of us.
Patty: No way! Not even with cleavage.
Lauren: I tell you, this year we're going to be popular.
Patty: Yeah?
Lauren: Yeah. Even if it kills us.
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
1
"Pilot" Kim Friedman Anne Beatts September 27, 1982 (1982-09-27) 101
Freshman Patty gets the chance to "click with the right clique" when she attracts the attention of a handsome senior.
2
"A Cafeteria Line" Kim Friedman Janis Hirsch October 4, 1982 (1982-10-04) 102
The romantic leads in the school musical lead to romance for Patty and Vinnie.
3
"Pac Man Fever" Terry Hughes Marjorie Gross October 11, 1982 (1982-10-11) 105
Marshall loses his comic touch when he becomes possessed by a video game. His only hope for salvation: exorcism by the cleric of comedy, Father Guido Sarducci.
4
"Square Pigskins" Kim Friedman Andy Borowitz October 18, 1982 (1982-10-18) 104
Lauren talks Patty into joining the Weemawee girls football team — coached by a gung-ho army vet and a women's libber who bristles at the slightest slight.
5
"Halloween XII" Terry Hughes Marjorie Gross and Susan Silver November 1, 1982 (1982-11-01) 109
The Weemawee High School Halloween dance gets canceled when Muffy spends the entire budget on unnecessary decorations. She feels so guilty that she begs Ms. Loomis to have a slumber party for the girls; Patty and Lauren see this as an opportunity to join in with the popular girls. The girls become scared when they hear noises outside, only to discover that it's Vinnie, Johnny and Marshall. They all calm down until they think they see a dark, monster-like figure moving towards the door...
6
"A Simple Attachment" Terry Hughes David Felton November 8, 1982 (1982-11-08) 107
Hopelessly in love with Lauren, Marshall takes an opportunity with the science fair to build a "love detector." His project backfires on him. It also causes problems for happy couples by making other love matches for them.
7
"Weemaweegate" Kim Friedman Chris Miller and Michael Sutton November 15, 1982 (1982-11-15) 108
Vinnie is attempting to become the school mascot but keeps running into problems. School newspaper reporters Patty and Lauren decide to investigate the strange happenings. The clues quickly point to Marshall, but is he being set up?
8
"Open 24 Hours" Kim Friedman Deanne Stillman November 22, 1982 (1982-11-22) 106
Marshall becomes Johnny's manager and books his band, a band no one's ever seen, for the gala opening of a supermarket deli counter.
9
"Muffy's Bat Mitzvah" Kim Friedman Margaret Oberman and Rosie Shuster November 29, 1982 (1982-11-29) 113
When she leaves them off her guest list, Lauren and Patty scheme to get invited to Muffy's bat mitzvah party.
10
"Hardly Working" Terry Hughes Andy Borowitz and Janis Hirsch December 13, 1982 (1982-12-13) 112
Jennifer does the uncoolest thing possible: she gets a job.
11
"A Child's Christmas in Weemawee: Part 1" Terry Hughes Marjorie Gross and Janis Hirsch December 20, 1982 (1982-12-20) 115
Patty's in a quandary: should she spend Christmas in an isolated cabin with her divorced father, or the way she'd prefer — with her friends at school?
12
"A Child's Christmas in Weemawee: Part 2" Terry Hughes Marjorie Gross and Janis Hirsch December 20, 1982 (1982-12-20) 116
Patty wants to patch things up with her dad in time to still attend the all-important Weemawee Christmas party.
13
"It's All How You See Things" Kim Friedman Janis Hirsch December 27, 1982 (1982-12-27) 110
Patty thinks that wearing glasses is the cause of her problems, and therefore decides to stop wearing them.
14
"Merry Pranksters" Kim Friedman and James Nasella Jr. Deanne Stillman January 10, 1983 (1983-01-10) 111
To gain popularity Patty and Lauren become expert pranksters. The joke is on them, however, when someone else gets credit for their stunts.
15
"It's Academical" Terry Hughes Andy Borowitz January 24, 1983 (1983-01-24) 114
The kids are excited when Dan Vermillion (Martin Mull), host of channel 124's quiz show It's Academical, announces that Weemawee High School has just been selected to compete. This will be a big competition since they will face their arch-rivals, Henry Wadsworth Longfellow Tech. Patty is selected along with Muffy and Larry Simpson since they have the three highest grade point averages. Patty sees this as another chance to gain popularity, and maybe Larry as a boyfriend.
16
"The Stepanowicz Papers" Terry Hughes Susan Silver January 31, 1983 (1983-01-31) 103
When Mr. Stepanowicz starts his new job as the school janitor, Lauren dreams of becoming Mrs. Stepanowicz. Patty tries to talk some sense into her friend, but it looks like Lauren needs to learn the hard way.
17
"To Serve Weemawee All My Days" Kim Friedman Andy Borowitz and Janis Hirsch February 7, 1983 (1983-02-07) 117
Mr. Donovan's job is in jeopardy because the school board has discovered he is living with a woman.
18
"No Substitutions" Kim Friedman Andy Borowitz February 14, 1983 (1983-02-14) 119
Jack McNulty (Bill Murray) is a substitute teacher who fills in for Ms. Loomis while she is in Reno for a teacher conference. Mr. McNulty sets the kids up with mock marriages to teach them about life, and he quickly becomes their favorite teacher. The kids end up learning a life lesson, just not the one that was planned.
19
"No Joy in Weemawee" James Nasella Jr. Marjorie Gross and Deanne Stillman February 21, 1983 (1983-02-21) 118
The Weemawee Braves are holding baseball tryouts when star pitcher Vinnie harasses Johnny until he finally has had enough and takes a turn at bat. Johnny hits three consecutive pitches for home runs and immediately makes the team. Coach Donovan is beside himself since his school has not won a single baseball game since 1955. Special appearance by then-Los Angeles Dodgers' second baseman Steve Sax.
20
"The Arrangement" Craig Richard Nelson Anne Beatts and David Skinner March 7, 1983 (1983-03-07) 120
Vinnie needs Patty to help him study for a big math test. If he doesn't pass it, he can't have the party he wants to throw to celebrate his six-month anniversary with Jennifer. By helping Vinnie, Patty and Lauren think the popular kids at school will finally accept them.
Theme song and other music[edit]
To accurately reflect high schoolers' tastes of the moment, new wave music was an important facet of the show's style. The show's opening and closing theme songs, "Square Pegs", and an untitled instrumental reminiscent of "Chopsticks" composed by Tom Scott, are performed by The Waitresses. In some episodes, "Chopsticks" is the opening theme and "Square Pegs" the closing theme, and in others these are reversed.
The Waitresses appear in the premiere episode as a band performing at the school dance. They sing "I Know What Boys Like" during a scene, and "Square Pegs" during the closing credits, with the characters dancing along. Their song "Christmas Wrapping" is playing in the popular hangout diner ("The Grease") during the Christmas episode. They are mentioned by Jennifer in the episode in which she works at the diner.
John Densmore, original drummer for The Doors, plays himself as a member of Johnny Slash's new wave band, "Open 24 Hours" in the episode: "Open 24 Hours" (episode #8). He plays the drummer in Johnny's band "Open 48 Hours" in the episode "Muffy's Bat Mitzvah" (episode #9).
Also performing in "Muffy's Bat Mitzvah", the new wave band Devo appear as themselves.
The walls of the school radio station, run by Marshall, are covered with posters from then-current New Wave acts, including Berlin, The Clash, Missing Persons, Squeeze, Devo, The B-52's, and Laurie Anderson.
Billy Idol's song "Dancing with Myself" is featured in episode #18 ("No Substitutions") which guest starred Bill Murray. The song is replaced with generic music in the DVD release, but the original audio is in the version available on iTunes.
The music supervision for the show was handled by Stephen Elvis Smith, although he is credited as Program Coordinator, and later as Associate Producer. The 2008 DVD release of the episodes, which included interviews with the cast, was directed by Stephen Smith and produced by his company Abbey Entertainment.
Reception[edit]
US TV Ratings
Season
Episodes
Start Date
End Date
Nielsen Rank
Nielsen Rating
Tied With
1982-83 22 September 27, 1982 March 7, 1983 58[2] N/A N/A
Broadcast history[edit]
Original broadcasts: Square Pegs debuted on CBS September 27, 1982 in the 8 P.M. Monday slot, and remained in that slot throughout its one-season run. The show struggled in the ratings against That's Incredible on ABC.
Syndication: WGBO in Chicago showed reruns of the series in early 1986, and episodes were shown on USA Network in the mid-1990s, and later on Nickelodeon, TVLand, and MeTV.
DVD releases[edit]
Sony Pictures Home Entertainment released the entire series on DVD in a 3-disc set on May 20, 2008, to coincide with the theatrical release of Sarah Jessica Parker's film Sex and the City: The Movie. On the DVDs, the episodes have been digitally remastered and include eight featurettes called "Weemawee Yearbook Memories." Each featurette focuses on a different cast member and has new interviews with the actors and creator Anne Beatts.
Also on the DVD are two minisodes from 1980s sitcoms The Facts of Life and Silver Spoons.[3]
Because the two parts of "A Child's Christmas in Weemawee" appear together as one episode, the DVD packaging states that it includes 19 episodes rather than 20.
On August 27, 2013, it was announced that Mill Creek Entertainment had acquired the rights to various television series from the Sony Pictures library including Square Pegs.[4] They re-released the complete series on DVD on October 21, 2014.[5][6] Unlike Sony Pictures Home Entertainment release, the Mill Creek Entertainment release is two discs instead of three and the featurettes in the former release are not included in the latter release.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Frank Halperin. "Sarah Jessica: Before 'Sex,' she was 'Square'" ("It List" column), The Courier-Post (Cherry Hill, New Jersey), August 23, 2007.
Jump up ^ Lina. "The TV Ratings Guide: 1982-83 Ratings History -- Soap Bubbles Rise, Several Veterans Part and NBC Renews Poorly Rated Masterpieces". Retrieved 1 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "Square Pegs" DVD News: Announcement for "Square Pegs: The Complete Series" Archived 2008-02-28 at the Wayback Machine., TVShowsonDVD.com, February 25, 2008
Jump up ^ Mill Creek Entertainment Signs Deals With Sony Pictures Home Entertainment To Expand Their Distribution Partnership Archived 2014-10-06 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Hold the Phone! 'The Complete Series' to Get a DVD Re-Release from Mill Creek Archived 2014-08-14 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Mill Creek TOTALLY Provided Package Art for 'The Complete Series' Archived 2016-03-04 at the Wayback Machine.
Footnotes[edit]
Carrie Bradshaw, Teenage Geek", NY Times 13 July 2008
External links[edit]
Square Pegs on IMDb
Square Pegs at TV.com
Square Pegs at epguides.com
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Square_Pegs&oldid=843149710"
Categories:
1982 American television series debuts
1983 American television series endings
1980s American sitcoms
American high school television series
American television sitcoms
CBS network shows
English-language television programs
Television series by Sony Pictures Television
Television shows set in California
The Waitresses
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This page was last edited on 27 May 2018, at 06:34 (UTC).
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