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Brisbane Broncos
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Not to be confused with Brisbane rugby league team.
Brisbane Broncos
Club information
Full name
Brisbane Broncos Rugby League Football Club Ltd.
Nickname(s)
Broncos
Colours
Maroon
Gold
Website
broncos.com.au
Current details
Ground(s)
Suncorp Stadium (52,500)
CEO
Paul White
Coach
Wayne Bennett
Captain
Darius Boyd
Competition
National Rugby League
2017 season
Preliminary finalists from 3rd position
Current season
Uniforms
Home colours
Records
Premierships
6 (1992, 1993, 1997 (SL), 1998, 2000, 2006)
Runners-up
1 (2015)
Minor premiership
4 (1992, 1997SL, 1998, 2000)
Wooden spoons
None
Most capped
355 - Darren Lockyer
Highest points scorer
1, 328 - Corey Parker
The Brisbane Broncos are an Australian professional rugby league football club based in the city of Brisbane, the capital of the state of Queensland. Founded in 1988, the Broncos play in Australia's elite competition, the National Rugby League (NRL) premiership. They have won five premierships, a Super League title and two World Club Challenges. The Broncos have achieved four minor premierships during their 29 years in competition, making them the League's most successful club over the past three decades. Until 2015 Brisbane had never been defeated in a grand final, and between 1991 and 2009 they never failed to qualify for the finals. They are the most successful club since the National Rugby League began in 1998, winning a record three premierships in this era. They are also one of the most successful clubs in the history of rugby league, having won 63% of their games since their induction in 1988, second only to Melbourne Storm with 64%.
The club records the highest annual revenue out of all NRL clubs–$32.8m for the 2012 financial year–and is one of the most valuable clubs of any code in Australia, worth over $42 million.[1] Along with financial competitiveness, the Broncos have been voted one of Australia's most popular and most watched football teams,[2] and has one of the highest average attendances of any rugby club in the world; 33,337 in the 2012 NRL season.
The club was founded in 1988 as part of the Winfield Cup's national expansion, becoming, along with the Gold Coast-Tweed Giants, one of Queensland's first two participants in the New South Wales Rugby League premiership. The Broncos later became a dominant force in the competition before playing a significant role in the Super League War of the mid-1990s, then continuing to compete successfully in the reunified National Rugby League competition. The Broncos are based in the Brisbane suburb of Red Hill where their training ground and Leagues club are located, but they play their home games at Milton's Suncorp Stadium. They are the only publicly listed sporting club on the Australian Securities Exchange, trading as Brisbane Broncos Limited (ASX: BBL).
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Emblem and colours
3 Stadium
4 Brisbane Broncos Leagues Club
5 Supporters
6 Corporate
7 Players
7.1 2017 NRL Squad
7.2 Notable players
8 Statistics and records
8.1 Season summary
9 Honours
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
History[edit]
Main article: History of the Brisbane Broncos
Queensland's success in the 1980s, the early years of the State of Origin series between Queensland and New South Wales, in addition to the inclusion of a combined Brisbane Rugby League team in the mid-week competition, convinced the New South Wales Rugby League (NSWRL) to invite a Queensland-based team into the competition.[3] After tough competition between the various syndicates for the Brisbane licence, the Queensland Rugby League chose the bid of former Brisbane Rugby League (BRL) players, Barry Maranta and Paul "Porky" Morgan.[3]
Darren Lockyer playing for the Broncos in 2004. Lockyer made his Broncos debut in 1995 and was a former captain of the Broncos.
The Broncos secured the services of Australian Kangaroos captain Wally Lewis and former BRL coach Wayne Bennett.[3] The team made their debut in the NSWRL's 1988 Winfield Cup premiership against reigning premiers, the Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles, and defeated them 44–10. However, after this promising start they failed to make the finals. In their second season they won the mid-week knockout competition, the 1989 Panasonic Cup. The club first tasted premiership success in 1992, and again in 1993, defeating the St. George Dragons in both years.[4]
In 1995, the Super League War broke out. After threats of expulsion from the NSWRL, the Broncos were one of the last clubs to sign with the new league and all players followed suit (The Canberra Raiders, Canterbury Bulldogs and Cronulla Sharks were the first to sign, and it was only revealed many years later that the Broncos were in fact one of the last clubs to sign for either competition).[5] Broncos CEO John Ribot moved to take over the running of the rebel Super League, leading to a perception that the conflict was orchestrated by the club.[3][6] Brisbane won the only Super League premiership in 1997, before winning the first National Rugby League trophy in the re-unified 1998 competition.[4]
1999 was disappointing for the club with a terrible early-season form hindering their attempt at a third consecutive premiership losing 8 of their first 10 matches. Club legend Allan Langer retired mid-season, perhaps as a result of the team's form. Despite the club's mid-season turnaround, which resulted in qualification for the finals after an 11-match winning streak, the team was eliminated by the Cronulla Sharks in the first week of the finals. However, the Broncos' rebounded in 2000 with their fifth premiership, defeating the Sydney Roosters. The game marked the retirement of veterans Kevin Walters and Michael Hancock.[4]
The 2006 Grand final at Stadium Australia.
Allan Langer returned to the club in 2002 for one season before eventually retiring. 2002 was also the beginning of Brisbane's "post-Origin slump", which has haunted the club in the years since. Many players represent Queensland in the State of Origin series, with 7 Broncos players on average included in the Queensland Origin team.[7] This extra workload has caused a loss of form for the club immediately after the series, evidenced in 2003 when the ladder-leading Broncos lost 10 of their last 11 games. Despite faring better in 2004 and 2005, the team still struggled in the latter stages of the season, losing all of their finals matches.[4]
In 2006, after a strong early and mid-season performance, the Broncos again entered the post-Origin slump, losing 5 consecutive games. However, they reversed this run of form, winning 6 of their last 7 games including the premiership decider against the Melbourne Storm and keeping their perfect Grand Final record intact. [4] After a dismal 2007 season in which they only scraped into the finals, coach Wayne Bennett announced he would leave at the end of 2008 after twenty-one years as coach.[8] Ivan Henjak, a former rugby league player who had been assistant coach with the Broncos since the beginning of 2006, was named their second-ever coach, commencing as coach for the 2009 season.[9] Their 2009 season included their worst-ever post-Origin slump, featuring three matches in a row where the opposing team scored more than 40 points, concluding with a 56–0 loss to Canberra on 1 August 2009. They rallied around and in their match against Penrith two rounds later, they won 58–24. This snapback (after Penrith, they won the rest of their games that season) got them into the finals for the 18th year running, but they fell against Melbourne in the 3rd preliminary final by 40–10.
Their 2010 season started moderately: a 30–24 win against North Queensland, a 14–22 loss to Canberra, and a 48–16 hammering by the Warriors on 28 March 2010. On Monday 29 March, former Broncos player and recruitment agent Allan Langer was caught drink-driving in Brisbane's northside.[10]
Apart from a late season 10–6 win against eventual premiers St George Illawarra, the 2010 season was one to forget; with injuries and poor form seeing the Broncos out of the finals for the first time since 1991. The Broncos missing the finals now means that every club has missed the finals at least once since the 2002 season.
In February 2011, it was announced that Ivan Henjak was to be sacked from the club, only three weeks before the beginning of the season. Anthony Griffin took over as coach for the 2011 season,[11] becoming just the third head coach in the history of the Brisbane Broncos. He led the club to a third-place finish at the end of the season, losing to eventual premiers Manly in the preliminary finals.
2012 marked the Broncos' 25th season in the NRL competition. They finished eighth on the premiership ladder, and were knocked out of the finals in the first week, losing 33–16 to the North Queensland Cowboys in Townsville. 2013 saw the Broncos finish 12th on the NRL ladder, marking its lowest ever finish in the club's history and seeing the club out of the finals for only the second time since 1991.
In what is considered by some commentators to be one of the best Grand Finals in recent history the 2015 Grand Final against the North Queensland Cowboys went in to Golden Point overtime for the first time. Jonathan Thurston, after missing a match winning try conversion after the 80 minutes, kicked a field goal 2 minutes into the Golden Point period to win the match for the North Queensland Cowboys 17-16.
As of 2017, the Broncos are currently experiencing their longest premiership drought, having endured eleven completed seasons without winning the premiership since their most recent success in 2006.[12]
Emblem and colours[edit]
Brisbane Broncos Logos
1988-1999
2000–present
It had originally been planned for the Brisbane Broncos to adopt a logo incorporating both a kangaroo and a stylised "Q" which had been featured in the logo for the Queensland Rugby League for many years. However, with the Australian national rugby league team also known as the Kangaroos, this was deemed inappropriate and conflicting. The state flower the Cooktown Orchid and the Poinsettia which had long been used by Brisbane representative teams in the Bulimba Cup and midweek knockout competitions was also ruled out, along with other Australian animals such as the brumby, possum, galah and the kookaburra, which was used on Brisbane's Kookaburra Queen paddleships.
[13] Having wanted to continue with the use of alliteration for local sporting teams such as the Brisbane Bullets and Brisbane Bears, the club's directors eventually decided on the nickname Broncos.[3] The Australian newspaper has described the name as "Mystifyingly American".[14]
The original club logo was first featured in the Broncos' inaugural season in the premiership in 1988 and was used until 1999. It used a mostly gold colour scheme, in line with the predominant colour on the team jerseys. In 2000, the club adopted a new logo with a more maroon design, which was much closer to the traditional colour associated with Queensland rugby league and Queensland sport in general.[4] This design continues to be used to date.
Traditionally, the colours of the Brisbane Broncos have been maroon, white and gold, which have all long been linked to the history of rugby league in Queensland. Initially, the founders of the club favoured the official blue and gold colours of Brisbane City Council. However, Sydney advertiser John Singleton advised the board that "Queenslanders had been booing players wearing blue for more than three-quarters of a century."[13] As a result, the traditional maroon and white colours of Queensland along with gold, symbolising the Queensland sunshine, [13] were adopted as the club's colours.
In the inaugural 1988 season, the club's jersey design featured the top third being gold, the middle being alternating hoops of maroon and white and the bottom third being maroon. Although this design featured gold strongly, it did not please everyone as the jersey had to differentiate from the maroon and white of Manly-Warringah Sea Eagles and the maroon of the Queensland rugby league team.[6] Following a number of design changes in the 1990s including a predominantly white jersey from 1997 to 1998, blue was added to the jersey in 2001 as a minor colour to show the aforementioned historical link with the colours of Brisbane. However, this was later dropped from the design in favour of a mainly maroon jersey with gold trim.[4]
At the 1995 Rugby League World Sevens tournament, the club introduced a new combination of jersey colours – mauve, aqua and white. Brisbane Broncos Marketing Manager Shane Edwards stated that it "will become our Sevens strip... but we will never change the Broncos' colours."[15] In 2001, following the release of the club's predominantly white with navy-blue and maroon away jersey, the National Rugby League ordered the club to produce a third jersey since the new away jersey clashed with the home jerseys of the Penrith Panthers, Melbourne Storm and New Zealand Warriors. An aqua strip using the same design as the jerseys used from 1999 to 2001 was worn, which was much derided by the local media. Following two years of public pressure the club dropped the jersey in favour of the design worn against Newcastle in 2003.[4]
International Sports Clothing became Brisbane's kit provider in October 2016, replacing long-time suppliers Nike[16]
Home jersey used by the Brisbane Broncos
2013-2014
Stadium[edit]
Main article: Brisbane Broncos Stadiums
View of the current Brisbane Broncos home ground, Suncorp Stadium.
In their first five seasons, the Broncos played their matches at the 32,500 capacity Lang Park, the ground considered to be the home of rugby league in Queensland. However, following ongoing conflict with the Queensland Rugby League and Lang Park Trust due to a sponsorship conflict with the QRL having a commercial agreement with Castlemaine XXXX brewery with prominent signs around the ground, while the Broncos were sponsored by rival brewery Powers who were not permitted any permanent signs (the Broncos initially got around this by not using the change rooms at half time during games, instead sitting on the ground with a temporary protective banner surrounding them which just happened to have prominent Powers logos), the team relocated to the 60,000 capacity ANZ Stadium in 1993 (ANZ had been the main stadium of the 1982 Commonwealth Games).[6] The club's home match attendance, which had averaged 19,637 at Lang Park, increased to 43,200 at the new ground in the first season following the club's first premiership title in the previous season.[17] However, despite the team's second premiership in 1993, crowds gradually declined and it was not until 2002 that the club again registered more than the 1996 average attendance of 23,712. ANZ Stadium, as the Queensland Sport and Athletics Centre was called at the time due to sponsorship rights, was featured on an episode of The Mole in April 2002.
With the Queensland Government's $280,000,000 redevelopment of Lang Park,[18] the team moved back to the refurbished and renamed Suncorp Stadium upon its completion in mid-2003. The more centrally-located stadium has begun to attract larger crowds, with the 2006 average attendance of 31,208 being significantly higher than the Newcastle Knights with 21,848 and about double the regular season competition average of 15,601.[17]
The club record attendance for a regular season match is 58,593, set against the St. George Dragons in the final round of the 1993 season. The record attendance for a match at Suncorp Stadium is 50,859 for Darren Lockyer's final home game. Before kick-off at the Stadium an instrumental version of Led Zeppelin's "Kashmir" is routinely played.
The Broncos all-time home attendance record was set at ANZ Stadium during the 1997 Super League Grand Final when 58,912 saw the Broncos defeat the Cronulla Sharks 26-8 to claim the only Super League premiership played in Australia.
Brisbane Broncos Leagues Club[edit]
This section is empty. You can help by adding to it. (February 2014)
Supporters[edit]
The Brisbane Broncos have the largest fan base of any NRL club[19] and they have been voted the most popular rugby league team in Australia for several years.[20] A Broncos supporters group called "The Thoroughbreds" which is made up of prominent businessmen, made an unsuccessful bid to purchase News Ltd's controlling share of the club in 2007.[21]
Average regular season attendance
1988: 16,111 (lowest home attendance)
1989: 18,217
1990: 22,709
1991: 19,463
1992: 21,687
1993: 43,200 (largest home attendance)
1994: 37,705
1995: 35,902
1996: 23,712
1997: 19,298
1998: 20,073
1999: 22,763
2000: 21,239
2001: 19,710
2002: 20,131
2003: 24,326
2004: 28,667
2005: 30,331
2006: 31,208
2007: 32,868
2008: 33,426
2009: 34,587
2010: 35,032
2011: 33,209
2012: 33,337
2013: 30,480
2014: 34,235
2015: 36,096
Notable supporters
Notable supporters of this club, amongst others, include:
Allan Border, Australian cricket captain[22]
Andrew Symonds, international cricketer[23]
Ian Healy, former international wicket-keeper
Karl Stefanovic, television presenter[24]
Ken Talbot, mining magnate[25]
Patrick Rafter, retired tennis player[26]
Kevin Rudd, former Australian Prime Minister[27]
Sally Pearson, Olympic athlete[28]
Steve Irwin, TV personality and environmentalist[29]
Terry Price, professional golfer[30]
Samantha Stosur, professional tennis player and 2011 US Open champion
Les Hiddins, former Australian soldier, known as "The Bush Tucker Man"
Patty Mills, professional basketballer
Carl Barron, Australian comedian
Rick Price, musician
Don Walker, musician[31]
Dami Im, singer, winner of The X Factor Australia in 2013[32]
Cate Campbell, Australian swimmer and Olympic gold medalist
Lincoln Lewis, Australian actor
Chris Lynn, Australian cricketer
Mark Hunt, mixed martial artist
Craig Lowndes, Supercars driver
Dwayne "the Rock" Johnson, Former wrestler and professional actor
Bernard Fanning, lead singer of Powderfinger[33]
Corporate[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (April 2008)
The Broncos are the only publicly listed NRL club.[34] The parent company of the Brisbane Broncos is Nationwide News Pty Ltd., a subsidiary of News Limited, which as of 30 June 2007, owns 68.87% of Broncos shares.[35] John Ribot, a former first grade rugby league player in Queensland and New South Wales, was the club's original chief executive officer (CEO). Ribot left when he signed to become the CEO of the rebel Australian rugby league competition Super League. (p. 24,112) Shane Edwards, the Broncos Marketing Manager at the time, was promoted to CEO and later resigned. Bruno Cullen, who had been with the Broncos' off-field staff since 1989, became the club's third CEO in 2003. [4] In 2011 Cullen was replaced by current CEO Paul White.[36]
NRMA Insurance are the major sponsors of the Broncos as of 2011, replacing WOW Sight & Sound. Nova 106.9 are the main radio sponsors after taking over from rival station B105 FM in late 2006. Live broadcasts of all Broncos matches are provided by both 612 ABC Brisbane (except games played on Monday Night) and 4MMM. Channel Nine Queensland also sponsors the Broncos, although former player Shane Webcke is signed to rival Seven Queensland.
In 2012, local Brisbane based company Firstmac Home Loans replaced WOW sight & Sound as sleeve sponsor for 3 years to launch into the retail financial services market. This sponsorship took only 9 days to negotiate following the announcement of WOW Sight & Sound going into receivership. Firstmac stipulated a unique clause in their contract that they could pay for 250 tickets to be distributed to WOW Sight & Sound staff that lost their jobs. Firstmac has since launched a Firstmac Broncos home loan in conjunction with their new sponsorship agreement.
Between 1997 and 2016, the club's apparel was manufactured by Nike.[37] From the 2017 season, International Sports Clothing has replaced Nike as the club's apparel manufacturer.[38]
Players[edit]
Main article: List of Brisbane Broncos Players
2017 NRL Squad[edit]
Brisbane Broncos 2017 NRL Squad
view
talk
edit
First team squad
Coaching staff
222 Jai Arrow - LK
000 Alex Barr - SR, CE
210 Adam Blair (vc) - PR, SR
215 Joe Boyce - LK
141 Darius Boyd (c) - FB, WG, CE
000 Mitch Cronin - HK, HK
182 Mitchell Dodds - PR, SR
220 Herman Ese'ese - PR
231 George Fai - PR, LK
000 Salesi Funaki - SR, PR
184 Matt Gillett - SR, LK
172 Alex Glenn - SR, CE
178 Ben Hunt - HB, HK
232 Jamayne Isaako - FB, CE, FE
199 Jordan Kahu (gk) - WG, CE, FB
000 Sam Lavea - PR
000 Matiu Love-Henry - SR
229 Benji Marshall - FE, HB
163 Andrew McCullough - HK
174 Josh McGuire - LK, PR
230 David Mead - WG, FB
209 Anthony Milford (gk) - FE, FB
227 Tautau Moga - CE, WG
208 Francis Molo - PR, LK
000 Todd Murphy - HB, FE
213 Kodi Nikorima - HB, HK, FB, FE
201 Corey Oates - WG, SR
212 Joe Ofahengaue - PR, LK
225 Tom Opacic - CE
000 Mosese Pangai - CE, WG
224 Tevita Pangai Jnr - PR, SR
226 Jonus Pearson - WG
218 James Roberts - CE, WG
000 Aaron Rockley - PR, SR
000 Sam Scarlett - HB, FE
000 Marion Seve - CE, WG
000 Gehamat Shibasaki - CE, FB
228 Korbin Sims - PR, LK, SR
223 Jaydn Su'A - SR
000 Nikau Terupe - WG, CE
128 Sam Thaiday - SR, PR, LK
221 Travis Waddell - HK
Head coach
Wayne Bennett
Assistant coaches
Jason Demetriou (Assistant Coach)
Jeremy Hickmans (High Performance Manager)
Alex Corvo(Head of Performance)
Legend:
(c) Captain
(vc) Vice captain
Injured
Updated: 16 July 2017
Source(s): Brisbane Broncos Squad

Notable players[edit]
For a full list of Broncos representatives, see List of Brisbane Broncos representatives
Due to the club's premiership success and its being the dominant Queensland team in the competition for the majority of its participation, the Brisbane Broncos' list of representative players is extensive. Consequently, there have been a large number of Queensland Maroons in the team. In 2007, a 20-man legends team was announced to celebrate the club's 20-year anniversary.[39]
Broncos Legends
First team squad
Interchange
Coaching staff
1 Darren Lockyer - FB
2 Michael Hancock - WG
3 Steve Renouf - CE
4 Michael De Vere - CE
5 Wendell Sailor - WG
6 Wally Lewis - FE
7 Allan Langer - HB
8 Shane Webcke - PR
9 Kerrod Walters - HK
10 Petero Civoniceva - PR
11 Gorden Tallis - SR
12 Brad Thorn - SR
13 Tonie Carroll - LK
14 Shaun Berrigan - HK
15 Andrew Gee - PR
16 Gene Miles - SR
17 Glenn Lazarus - PR
18 Chris Johns - CE
19 Terry Matterson - LK
20 Kevin Walters - FE

Legend:
(c) Captain
(vc) Vice captain
Injured
Updated: 9 May 2007
Source(s): Broncos Name Legends Team[dead link]
Statistics and records[edit]
For more details on this topic, see Brisbane Broncos Records.
The Brisbane Broncos are the second most successful club in terms of percentage of total games won, having won 63.63% of their games, as of 29 August 2012. This is marginally less (0.01%) than first placed Melbourne Storm.[40] In their twenty completed seasons, the club has made a total of seven Grand Finals, winning 6 and losing 1 to the North Qld Cowboys in 2015. They are one of only two clubs to have won the World Club Challenge twice, and were the first club to do so on British soil. They also won the now defunct Panasonic Cup in 1989.[4]
Former team captain Darren Lockyer holds the record for the most First Grade games for both the club and National League. Lockyer did also hold the record for the most points scored for the club, tallying 1,171 since his debut in 1995, until Corey Parker overtook him in August, 2015. Darren Lockyer also holds the club record of 272 points in a season, having achieved this in 1998. Steve Renouf holds the record for the most career tries for the club with 142. Renouf also shares the club record for the most number of tries in a season with Darren Smith at 23. Lote Tuqiri's tally of 26 points from three tries and seven goals in a single match against the Northern Eagles remains the club record for most individual points in a game.[41] Corey Parker holds the record for most goals in a game kicking ten in a round one clash of 2008, breaking the previous mark of nine kicked by Lockyer in 1998 and matched by Michael De Vere in 2001. Parker converted ten from ten goals in the Broncos 48–12 win over the Penrith Panthers in which Parker scored 24 points placing him in equal second place on the most points in a match tally.[42] Six players have scored four tries in a match for the Brisbane Broncos including Steve Renouf, Wendell Sailor, Karmichael Hunt, Justin Hodges, Denan Kemp and Israel Folau.[41] Renouf achieved this feat five times from 1991 to 1998.
The club's biggest winning margin is 65 points, achieved in 2007 in a 71–6 victory over the Newcastle Knights.[43] Their heaviest defeat is a 56–0 loss by the Canberra Raiders on 1 August 2009.[44]
Season summary[edit]
P=Premiers, R=Runners-up, M=Minor Premierships, F=Finals Appearance, W=Wooden Spoons
(Brackets Represent Finals Games)
Competition
Games
Played
Games
Won
Games
Drawn
Games
Lost
Ladder
Position
P
R
M
F
W
Coach
Captain
Details
1988 NSWRL season 22 14 0 8 7 / 16 Wayne Bennett Wally Lewis 1988 Brisbane Broncos season
1989 NSWRL season 22 (1)[45] 14 (0) 0 (0) 8 (1) 5 / 16 1989 Brisbane Broncos season
1990 NSWRL season 22 (3) 16 (1) 1 (0) 5 (2) 2 / 16 ? Gene Miles 1990 Brisbane Broncos season
1991 NSWRL season 22 13 0 9 7 / 16 1991 Brisbane Broncos season
1992 NSWRL season 22 (2) 18 (2) 0 (0) 4 (0) 1 / 16 ? ? ? Allan Langer 1992 Brisbane Broncos season
1993 NSWRL season 22 (4) 16 (4) 0 (0) 6 (0) 5 / 16 ? ? 1993 Brisbane Broncos season
1994 NSWRL season 22 (2) 13 (1) 1 (0) 8 (1) 5 / 16 ? 1994 Brisbane Broncos season
1995 ARL season 22 (2) 17 (0) 0 (0) 5 (2) 3 / 20 ? 1995 Brisbane Broncos season
1996 ARL season 21 (2) 17 (0) 0 (0) 4 (2) 2 / 20 ? 1996 Brisbane Broncos season
1997 SL season 18 (2) 14 (2) 1 (0) 3 (0) 1 / 10 ? ? ? 1997 Brisbane Broncos season
1998 NRL season 24 (4) 18 (3) 1 (0) 5 (1) 1 / 20 ? ? ? 1998 Brisbane Broncos season
1999 NRL season 24 (1) 13 (0) 2 (0) 9 (1) 8 / 17 ? 1999 Brisbane Broncos season
Kevin Walters
2000 NRL season 26 (3) 18 (3) 2 (0) 6 (0) 1 / 14 ? ? ? 2000 Brisbane Broncos season
2001 NRL season 26 (3) 14 (1) 1 (0) 11 (2) 5 / 14 ? Gorden Tallis 2001 Brisbane Broncos season
2002 NRL season 24 (2) 16 (1) 1 (0) 7 (1) 3 / 15 ? 2002 Brisbane Broncos season
2003 NRL season 24 (1) 12 (0) 0 (0) 12 (1) 8 / 15 ? 2003 Brisbane Broncos season
2004 NRL season 24 (2) 16 (0) 1 (0) 7 (2) 3 / 15 ? 2004 Brisbane Broncos season
2005 NRL season 24 (2) 15 (0) 0 (0) 9 (2) 3 / 15 ? Darren Lockyer 2005 Brisbane Broncos season
2006 NRL season 24 (4) 14 (3) 0 (0) 10 (1) 3 / 15 ? ? 2006 Brisbane Broncos season
2007 NRL season 24 (1) 11 (0) 0 (0) 13 (1) 8 / 16 ? 2007 Brisbane Broncos season
2008 NRL season 24 (2) 14 (1) 1 (0) 9 (1) 5 / 16 ? 2008 Brisbane Broncos season
2009 NRL season 24 (3) 14 (2) 0 (0) 10 (1) 6 / 16 ? Ivan Henjak 2009 Brisbane Broncos season
2010 NRL season 24 11 0 13 10 / 16 2010 Brisbane Broncos season
2011 NRL season 24 (3) 18 (2) 0 (0) 6 (1) 3 / 16 ? Anthony Griffin 2011 Brisbane Broncos season
2012 NRL season 24 (1) 12 (0) 0 (0) 12 (1) 8 / 16 ? Sam Thaiday 2012 Brisbane Broncos season
2013 NRL season 24 10 1 13 12 / 16 2013 Brisbane Broncos season
2014 NRL season 24 (1) 12 (0) 0 (0) 12 (1) 8/16 ? Corey Parker and Justin Hodges 2014 Brisbane Broncos season
2015 NRL season 24 17 0 7 2/16 ? ? Wayne Bennett Justin Hodges 2015 Brisbane Broncos season
2016 NRL season 24 15 0 9 5/16 ? Corey Parker 2016 Brisbane Broncos season
Honours[edit]
Main article: Brisbane Broncos Honours
World Club Challenge: 2
1992, 1997
Premiership: 6
1992, 1993, 1997, 1998, 2000, 2006
Minor Premiership: 4
1992, 1997, 1998, 2000
Panasonic Cup: 1
1989
Lotto Challenge Cup: 1
1991
Tooheys Challenge: 1
1995
Runners Up: 1
2015
The Paul Morgan Medal is awarded annually to the Brisbane Broncos' player of the year. it is named after one of the club's founders, Paul 'Porky' Morgan.
See also[edit]
Brisbane portal
Rugby league portal
Sport in Queensland
Rugby league in Queensland
Brisbane Lions
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ Heming, Wayne (30 October 2009). "Brisbane Broncos voted Australia's most popular football team". foxsports.com.au. AAP. Retrieved 31 October 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Whiticker, Alan & Collis, Ian (2004). The History of Rugby League Clubs. New Holland Publishers (Australia) Pty Ltd. ISBN 1-74110-075-5.
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Jump up ^ "Broncos sack coack Henjak". ABC News. 21 February 2011. Retrieved 21 February 2011.
Jump up ^ Richards, Eden (26 September 2017). "Broncos 2017 season review". NRL.com. Retrieved 27 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gallaway, Jack (2001). The Brisbane Broncos: The Team To Beat. University of Queensland Press. ISBN 0-7022-3275-0.
Jump up ^ http://www.theaustralian.com.au/sport/the-maleficent-seven-these-are-our-least-lovable-sports-teams/story-fnlpdory-1226850856983
Jump up ^ Bronco! Magazine Issue 1, 1995
Jump up ^ http://www.iscsport.com/blog/isc-announces-partnership-with-brisbane-broncos/
^ Jump up to: a b "Rugby League Tables / Attendances Brisbane". Archived from the original on 1 October 2007. Retrieved 6 April 2007.
Jump up ^ "Suncorp Stadium Land Park Redevelopment". Archived from the original on 7 April 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
Jump up ^ Press Release Archived 11 April 2012 at the Wayback Machine. from Roy Morgan Research
Jump up ^ Mascord, Steve (6 February 2008). "How a Bondi betrayal brought down a super coach". The Daily Telegraph. Australia: News Limited. Retrieved 18 February 2010.
Jump up ^ Dick, Barry (5 October 2007). "News says Brisbane Broncos not for sale". The Courier-Mail. Australia: Queensland Newspapers. Retrieved 18 February 2010.
Jump up ^ Moore, Glenn (15 August 1993). "One of the boys yet a man apart". The Independent. London: independent.co.uk. Retrieved 20 October 2009. [dead link]
Jump up ^ Phil Rothfield & Rebecca Wilson (27 September 2009). "Broncos adopt Andrew Symonds". Courier Mail, The. Queensland Newspapers. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
Jump up ^ Oberhardt, Mark (2 March 2009). "Mark 'The Ear' Oberhardt's look at sport". couriermail.com.au. Queensland Newspapers. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
Jump up ^ Koch, Dan (8 July 2009). "Brisbane Broncos fan Ken Talbot 'paid cash' to Shane Webcke". Australian, The. News Ltd. Archived from the original on 15 December 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
Jump up ^ Gregan, George (2008). Halfback, Half Forward. Australia: Pan Macmillan. p. 354. ISBN 978-1-4050-3861-4. Retrieved 12 March 2011.
Jump up ^ Damien, Murphy (8 May 2009). "Rudd erases the Labor curse of the whiteboard". BusinessDay. watoday.com.au. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
Jump up ^ Ricketts, Steve (22 December 2008). "Broncos a hurdle for medallist Sally McLellan". The Courier Mail. Australia: Queensland Newspapers. Archived from the original on 5 May 2009. Retrieved 18 February 2010.
Jump up ^ Heming, Wayne (2006-09-94). "Irwin was a Broncos fan". AAP General News (Australia). Archived from the original on 3 November 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2009. Check date values in: |date= (help)
Jump up ^ McGuire, Bernie (19 February 2004). "Price leads with Brasher carrying his bag". Sports News (Australia). AAP. Retrieved 27 September 2009.
Jump up ^ Chris Whiting. "Take a Walker on the Mild Side". Rave Magazine. Stones Corner, QLD: Rave Magazine Pty Ltd. (2 March 1994): 24.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ "Powderfinger to play before AFL Grand Final". News.com.au. 26 September 2008. Retrieved 3 August 2016. [permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ Masters, Roy "Proposed model is not the answer for rugby league", 4 December 2009 brisbanetimes.com.au
Jump up ^ "Brisbane Broncos 2007 Half-Yearly Financial Results (Page 17)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 1 September 2007. Retrieved 10 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "Brisbane Broncos CEO Paul White faces ‘health issue’". The Courier Mail. 7 July 2015.
Jump up ^ The President pays a visit to Nike, CARLTONFC.com.au, 22 May 2013
Jump up ^ Badel, Peter (28 October 2016). "Broncos announce $16m sponsorship bonanza, reveal new jersey for season 2017". The Courier-Mail. Retrieved 28 October 2016.
Jump up ^ "Broncos Name Legends Team". Retrieved 9 May 2007.
Jump up ^ "Rugby League Tables / Win-Loss Records / All Teams". Archived from the original on 11 March 2007. Retrieved 22 April 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b 2006 Official Rugby League Annual. Edited by David Middleton, Published by News Magazines, Surrey Hills, Sydney
Jump up ^ Heming, Wayne (16 March 2008). "Lockyer gets rousing welcome from fans". The Sydney Morning Herald. Archived from the original on 20 March 2008. Retrieved 16 March 2008.
Jump up ^ "Broncos run riot against North Queensland 71–6". NRL. 27 May 2007.
Jump up ^ "Rugby League Tables / Game Records / Brisbane". Archived from the original on 19 August 2007. Retrieved 2 September 2007.
Jump up ^ Brisbane Broncos lost a play-off for fifth in 1989, which is counted as a final game.
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Human development (humanity)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Human development is the science that seeks to understand how and why the people of all ages and circumstances change or remain the same over time. It involves studies of the human condition with its core being the capability approach. The inequality adjusted Human Development Index is used as a way of measuring actual progress in human development by the United Nations. It is an alternative approach to a single focus on economic growth, and focused more on social justice, as a way of understanding progress.
The term human development may be defined as an expansion of human capabilities, a widening of choices, 'an enhancement of freedom, and a fulfilment of human rights.[1] This also simply means developing mentally, socially through growing and experiencing things in your life and learning new things.
The United Nations Development Programmers defines human development as "the process of enlarging people's choices," said choices allowing them to "lead a long and healthy life, to be educated, to enjoy a decent standard of living," as well as "political freedom, other guaranteed human rights and various ingredients of self-respect."[2]
Development concerns expanding the choices people have, to lead lives that they value, and improving the human condition so that people have the chance to lead full lives.[3] Thus, human development is about much more than economic growth, which is only a means of enlarging people's choices.[4] Fundamental to enlarging these choices is building human capabilities—the range of things that people can do or be in life. Capabilities are "the substantive freedoms [a person] enjoys to lead the kind of life [they have] reason to value".[5] Human development disperses the concentration of the distribution of goods and services underprivileged people need and center its ideas on human decisions.[6] By investing in people, we enable growth and empower people to pursue many different life paths, thus developing human capabilities.[7] The most basic capabilities for human development are to lead long and healthy lives, be knowledgeable (i.e., educated), have access to resources and social services needed for a decent standard of living, and be able to participate in the life of the community. Without these, many choices are not available, and many opportunities in life remain inaccessible.[4]
An abstract illustration of human capability is a bicycle. A bicycle itself is a resource—a mode of transportation. If the person who owns a bicycle is unable to ride it (due to a lack of balance or knowledge), the bicycle is useless to her or him as transportation and loses its functioning. If a person owns a bicycle and has the ability to ride a bicycle, they have the capability of riding to a friend's house, a local store, or a great number of other places. This capability would (presumably) increase their value of life and expand their choices. A person, therefore, needs both resources and the ability to use them to pursue their capabilities. This is one example of how different resources or skills can contribute to human capability. This way of looking at development, often forgotten in the immediate concern with accumulating commodities and financial wealth, is not new. Philosophers, economists, and political leaders emphasized human well being as the purpose, or the end, of development. As Aristotle said in ancient Greece, "Wealth is evidently not the good we are seeking, for it is merely useful for the sake of something else."[4]
Contents
1 History
2 Measurement
3 Pillars
4 Human rights
5 Health
6 Human Development Report
7 Human Development Index
8 Human Poverty Index
9 Social Progress Index
10 The Earth Summits, Agenda21, the Millennium Development Goals and the 17#GlobalGoals
11 See also
12 References
History[edit]
Human Development Theory has roots in ancient philosophy and early economic theory. Aristotle noted that "Wealth is evidently not the good we are seeking, for it is merely useful for something else", and Adam Smith and Karl Marx were concerned with human capabilities. The theory grew in importance in the 1980s with the work of Amartya Sen and his Human Capabilities perspective, which played a role in his receiving the 1998 Nobel Prize in Economics. Notable early economists active who formulated the modern concept of human development theory were Mahbub ul Haq, Üner Kirdar, and Amartya Sen. The Human Development Index developed for the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) stems from this early research.[8] In 2000, Sen and Sudhir Anand published a notable development of the theory to address issues in sustainability.[9][10]
Martha Nussbaum's publications in the late 1990s and 2000s pushed theorists to pay more attention to the human in the theory, and particularly to human emotion.[11] A separate approach stems in part from needs theories of psychology which in part started with Abraham Maslow (1968). Representative of these are the Human-Scale Development approach developed by Manfred Max-Neef in the mid-to-late 1980s which addresses human needs and satisfiers which are more or less static across time and context.[12]
Anthropologists and sociologists have also challenged perspectives on Human Development Theory that stem from neoclassical economics. Examples of scholars include, Diane Elson, Raymond Apthorpe, Irene van Staveren, and Ananta Giri. Elson (1997) proposes that human development should move towards a more diverse approach to individual incentives. This will involve a shift from seeing people as agents in control of their choices selecting from a set of possibilities utilizing human capital as one of many assets. Instead, theorists should see people as having more mutable choices influenced by social structures and changeable capacities and using a humanistic approach to theory including factors relating to an individual's culture, age, gender, and family roles. These extensions express a dynamic approach to the theory, a dynamism that has been advocated by Ul Haq and Sen, in spite of the implicit criticism of those two figures.[13][14]
Measurement[edit]
One measure of human development is the Human Development Index (HDI), formulated by the United Nations Development Programme.[4] The index encompasses statistics such as life expectancy at birth, an education index (calculated using mean years of schooling and expected years of schooling), and gross national income per capital. Though this index does not capture every aspect that contributes to human capability, it is a standardized way of quantifying human capability across nations and communities. Aspects that could be left out of the calculations include incomes that are unable to be quantified, such as staying home to raise children or bartering goods/services, as well as individuals' perceptions of their own well being. Other measures of human development include the Human Poverty Index (HPI) and the Gender Empowerment Measure. It measures many aspects of development.
Pillars[edit]
There are six basic pillars of human development: equity, sustainability, productivity, empowerment, cooperation and security.[15]
Equity is the idea of fairness for every person, between men and women; we each have the right to education and health care.
Sustainability is the view that we all have the right to earn a living that can sustain our lives and have access to a more even distribution of goods.
Productivity states the full participation of people in the process of income generation. This also means that the government needs more efficient social programs for its people.
Empowerment is the freedom of the people to influence development and decisions that affect their lives.
Cooperation stipulates participation and belonging to communities and groups as a means of mutual enrichment and a source of social meaning.
Security offers people development opportunities freely and safely with confidence that they will not disappear suddenly in the future.[16]
Human rights[edit]
In seeking that something else, human development shares a common vision with human rights. The goal is human freedom. Therefore, human development is interconnected with human rights and human freedom, because in well-managed prisons life expectancy and literacy as measured by the Human Development Index could be quite high.[3] And in pursuing capabilities and realizing rights, this freedom is vital. People must be free to exercise their choices and to participate in decision-making that affects their lives. Human development and human rights are mutually reinforcing, helping to secure the well-being and dignity of all people, building self-respect and the respect of others.[4] In the days of fast globalization, human rights issues surface in relation to multilateral corporations and poverty issues. The idea of human development stipulates the need for education, better conditions for work and more choices for individuals. The idea goes with human rights. The two concepts are simultaneously promoted first by good governance, implementation of human rights policy and a formation of participation of community in decision making processes, second by the promotion of civil and political rights and economic and social rights, which are components of the level of development. For instance, the right for education relates to intellectual development, and political rights relates to the level of the political development of that society.[17]
Health[edit]
The axis of Development is that it may harm or benefit human health, and eventually human development, as it proceeds. In concern of health, we divided it into disease and poverty issues. On 16 June 2006 the World Health Organization (WHO) presented the report Preventing disease through healthy environments.[18] No one in the world is without the environmental health issues and wealth problems. Development had been first approached as the future for more cure and hope. However, the criticism argues of the side effects such as environmental pollution and the gap between increasing wealth and poor. The Ineffectiveness of many public health policies in terms of health inequality issues and social problems should be held by global community.[19] Therefore, the ultimate goal is to achieve environmental sustainability. Some critics say development is undermined by health concerns as it both directly and indirectly influences growth to be lower. HIV/AIDS, in addition to malaria, has negatively influenced development and increased poverty in many places, especially in Africa. Achieving adequate health standards is important for the success of development and the abolition of poverty.[20]
Human Development Report[edit]
The Global Human Development Reports (HDR) is an annual publication released by the UNDP's Human Development Report Office and contains the Human Development Index. There is not only a global Human Development Report but there are regional and national reports as well that specifically show certain areas. Within global HDR there are four main indexes: Human Development Index, Gender-related Development Index, Gender Empowerment Measure and the Human Poverty Index.[4] The Regional, National and subnational (for portions of countries) HDRs take various approaches, according to the strategic thinking of the individual authorship groups that craft the individual reports. In the United States, for example, Measure of America has been publishing human development reports since 2008 with a modified index, the human development index American Human Development Index, which measures the same three basic dimensions but uses slightly different indicators to better reflect the U.S. context and to maximize use of available data.[21]
The Human Development Index is a way for people and nations to see the policy flaws of regions and countries. Although the releasing of this information is believed to encourage countries to alter their policies, there is no evidence demonstrating changes nor is there any motivation for countries to do so.[6]
Human Development Index[edit]
Main article: Human Development Index
HDI trends
OECD
Central and eastern Europe, and the CIS
Latin America and the Caribbean
East Asia
Arab States
South Asia
Sub-Saharan Africa
The Human Development Index (HDI) is the normalized measure of life expectancy, education and per capita income for countries worldwide. It is an improved standard means of measuring well-being, especially child welfare and thus human development.[20] Although this index makes an effort to simplify human development, it is much more complex than any index or set of indicators.[3]
The 2007 report showed a small increase in world HDI in comparison with the previous year's report. This rise was fueled by a general improvement in the developing world, especially of the least developed countries group. This marked improvement at the bottom was offset with a decrease in HDI of high income countries.
Human Poverty Index[edit]
To reflect gaps in the Human Development Index, the United Nations came out with the Human Poverty Index (HPI) in 1997citation needed. The HPI measures the deficiencies in the three indexes of the human development index: long and healthy life, knowledge and a decent standard of living. The HPI is meant to provide a broader view of human development and is adapted to developed countries to reveal social exclusion.[20]
Social Progress Index[edit]
Main article: List of countries by Social Progress Index
The Social Progress Index is published by Social Progress Imperative. It combines indicators related to social welfare, equality, personal freedom and sustainability.
The Earth Summits, Agenda21, the Millennium Development Goals and the 17#GlobalGoals[edit]
In an attempt to promote human development, the United Nations supports decennial Earth Summits where the members to the UN bring together the best of humanity. In several rounds they discuss what are humanities biggest problems, quantify them and develop a plan of action on how to solve these problems. This plan of action is called Agenda 21 - an agenda to make sure humanity will still be around after the year 2100. Thousands of cities now have a local Agenda 21 and more and more companies and organisations also align their strategic plan with the strategic plan of Agenda21. With the approaching of the year 2000, UN Secretary General Kofi ANNAN was compelled to develop something that existed in the private sector: setting out a long term plan, a mid term plan and a short term planning. This endeavour supports on Agenda21 and was named the Millennium Development Goals which ran from 2000 - 2015. The United Nations made a commitment to accomplish these goals by 2015 and thus make an attempt to promote human development.[22]
As the experience of this exercise was perceived successful, a follow-up program was developed which got the name the 17 Sustainable Development Goals - in 2016 - after an evaluation - rebranded to the 17#GlobalGoals or Global Goals.
See also[edit]
Human security
International development
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Abdulhadi Abba Kyari (2017). Aminu Saleh College of Education, Azare. Human Development. Archived from the original on 2018-05-10.
Jump up ^ United Nations Development Programme (1997). Human Development Report 1997. Human Development Report. p. 15. ISBN 978-0-19-511996-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c Streeten, Paul (May 1994). "Human Development: Means and Ends". Human Development (84.2): 232–37.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Human Development". Human Development Reports (UNDP). 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 15 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Human Development and Capability Association. "Capability & Functionings: Definition & Justification". Human Development and Capability Association Briefing Note: 1–5.
^ Jump up to: a b Srinivasan, T.N. (May 1994). "Human Development: A New Paradigm or Reinvention of the Wheel?". Human Development (84.2): 238–43.
Jump up ^ "The Human Development Foundation - The Human Development Concept". 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 26 November 2009.
Jump up ^ Yousif, Bassam. Human development in Iraq: 1950-1990. Routledge, 2013. p4-6
Jump up ^ Anand, S. & Sen,A. (2000). Human development and economic sustainability. World Development 28(12): 2029–2049.
Jump up ^ Welzel, Christian, Ronald Inglehart, and Hans Dieter Klikemann. "The theory of human development: A cross-cultural analysis." European Journal of Political Research 42, no. 3 (2003): 341-379.
Jump up ^ Gasper, Des. Logos, pathos and ehtos in martha C. Nussbaum's capabilities approach to human development. in Comim, Flavio, and Martha C. Nussbaum, eds. Capabilities, Gender, Equality: towards fundamental entitlements. Cambridge University Press, 2014. p97
Jump up ^ Cruz, Ivonne, Andri Stahel, and Manfred Max-Neef. "Towards a systemic development approach: Building on the Human-Scale Development paradigm." Ecological economics 68, no. 7 (2009): 2021-2030.
Jump up ^ Gasper, Des. "Is Sen's capability approach an adequate basis for considering human development?." Review of political economy 14, no. 4 (2002): 435-461.
Jump up ^ Elson, Diane. "Economic paradigms old and new: The case of human development." In Global Development Fifty Years after Bretton Woods, pp. 50-71. Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1997.
Jump up ^ "What is Human Development? - Human Development Reports". hdr.undp.org. Archived from the original on 2017-10-27.
Jump up ^ "What is Human Development?". UNDP. Archived from the original on 1 June 2012. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "Human Rights And Development: Potential integration?". Yulia Shirokova. Archived from the original on 16 June 2013. Retrieved 3 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "Preventing disease through healthy environments: a global assessment of the burden of disease from environmental risks". World Health Organization. Archived from the original on 30 July 2016. Retrieved 4 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Wilkinson R. (2005). "The impact of inequality: how to make sick societies" (London: Routledge;).
^ Jump up to: a b c "World Health Organization- Poverty and Development". 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 22 October 2008.
Jump up ^ "About Human Development — Measure of America: A Program of the Social Science Research Council". www.measureofamerica.org. Archived from the original on 2018-01-17. Retrieved 2018-01-12.
Jump up ^ "United Nations Millennium Development Goals". 22 October 2009. Archived from the original on 19 June 2017.
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