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Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes
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This article is about the castle in Rhodes. For other uses, see Grand Master's Palace (disambiguation).
Palace of the Grand Master
Παλάτι του Μεγάλου Μαγίστρου
Part of the fortifications of Rhodes
Rhodes, Greece
View of the castle
Coordinates
36°26′44.5″N 28°13′26.8″E / 36.445694°N 28.224111°E / 36.445694; 28.224111
Type
Castle
Site information
Owner
Greek Government[1]
Open to
the public
Yes
Condition
Intact
Site history
Built
7th century (citadel)
14th century (palace)
1937–1940 (restoration works)
Built by
Byzantine Empire
Knights Hospitaller
Kingdom of Italy (restoration works)
Battles/wars
Siege of Rhodes (1480)
Siege of Rhodes (1522)
Events
1481 Rhodes earthquake
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Type
Cultural
Criteria
ii, iv, v
Designated
1988 (12th session)
Part of
Medieval old town of Rhodes
Reference no.
493
State Party
Greece
Region
Europe and North America
The Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes (Greek: Παλάτι του Μεγάλου Μαγίστρου), also known as the Kastello (Greek: Καστέλο, from Italian: Castello, "castle"), is a medieval castle in the city of Rhodes, on the island of Rhodes in Greece. It is one of the few examples of Gothic architecture in Greece. The site was previously a citadel of the Knights Hospitaller that functioned as a palace, headquarters and fortress.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Gallery
3 See also
4 References
History[edit]
The palace was originally built in the late 7th century as a Byzantine citadel. After the Knights Hospitaller occupied Rhodes and some other Greek islands (such as Kalymnos and Kastellorizo) in 1309, they converted the fortress into their administrative centre and the palace of their Grand Master. In the first quarter of the 14th century, they repaired the palace and made a number of major modifications.[2] The palace was damaged in the earthquake of 1481, and it was repaired soon afterwards.
After the island was captured by the Ottoman Empire, the palace was used as a command centre and fortress. The lower part of the palace was severely damaged by an ammunition explosion in 1856.[3] As a result, many rooms in the first floor were destroyed.[2]
During the Italian rule of Rhodes, the Italian architect Vittorio Mesturino restored the damaged parts of the palace between 1937 and 1940.[4] It became a holiday residence for the King of Italy, Victor Emmanuel III, and later for Fascist dictator Benito Mussolini, whose name can still be seen on a large plaque near the entrance.
On 10 February 1947, the Treaty of Peace with Italy, one of the Paris Peace Treaties, determined that the recently established Italian Republic would transfer the Dodecanese Islands to Greece. In 1948, Rhodes and the rest of the Dodecanese were transferred as previously agreed. The palace was then converted to a museum, and is today visited by the millions of tourists that visit Rhodes.[5]
In 1988, when Greece held the rotating presidency of the European Economic Community (as the European Union was then known), Greek Prime Minister Andreas Papandreou and the other leaders of the EEC had a famous party in the Palace.[5]
Gallery[edit]
The palace in 1844
The castle overlooking the medieval town
The main entrance
Chimneys
Detail
Close view
Door
Courtyard
Arcades at the courtyard
Sculpture of Virgin Mary
View from the interior
Gothic portal
Main hall
Medusa mosaic (2nd century BC) from Kos
Mosaic with Thalia (Muse) from Kos
Mosaic with Polyhymnia from Kos
Byzantine mosaic from Kos (450-500)
Byzantine mosaic from Kos
Laocoön and His Sons, modern copy
Portrait of Philibert de Naillac, Grand Master (1396-1421)
Uniform of the Sovereign Military Order of Malta
See also[edit]
Fortifications of Rhodes
Knights Hospitaller
List of Grand Masters of the Knights Hospitaller
Fort St Angelo
Grandmaster's Palace in Valletta
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Mosaics in the Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes.
Jump up ^ "Grand Master Palace". greeka.com. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Palace of the Grand Master of Rhodes". Helios. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rhodes Town Tourist Attractions". planetware.com. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes". Fodor's Travel. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Museums". Municipality of Rhodes. Retrieved 17 July 2015.
[show]
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Landmarks of Rhodes
Rhodes city
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Grand Master's Palace
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Palace of the Grand Master of the Knights of Rhodes
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text:
Buffalo Wild Wings
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Buffalo Wild Wings
Formerly
Buffalo Wild Wings & Weck (1982–1998)
Type
Subsidiary
Industry
Restaurants
Founded
1982; 36 years ago (1982) in Columbus, Ohio, U.S. as Buffalo Wild Wings & Weck
Founders
Jim Disbrow
Scott Lowery
Bernard Spencer
Elizabeth Brock
Headquarters
Minneapolis, Minnesota, U.S.
Number of locations
1,238 (June 2017)
Area served
United States
Canada
Mexico
Philippines
Saudi Arabia
United Arab Emirates
Panama
Oman
India
Vietnam
Key people
Sally J. Smith
(President & CEO)
Alexander H. Ware
(Vice President & CFO)
Products
Chicken Wings, Shareables, Wet Bread, Sandwiches, and Burgers
Revenue
US$ 1.99 billion (2016)
Operating income
US$ 136.70 million (2016)
Net income
US$ 94.21 million (2016)
Total assets
US$ 1.05 billion (2016)
Total equity
US$ 517.90 million (2016)
Number of employees
~44,000 (2016)
Parent
Inspire Brands, Inc.
Website
buffalowildwings.com
Footnotes / references
[1]
Buffalo Wild Wings (originally Buffalo Wild Wings & Weck,[2] and thus the numeronym BW3) is an American casual dining restaurant and sports bar franchise in the United States, Canada, India, Mexico, Oman, Panama, Philippines, Saudi Arabia, United Arab Emirates & Vietnam, specialising in Buffalo wings & sauces.
Buffalo Wild Wings & Weck logo
As of June 2017, it had 1,238 locations (625 directly owned by the company, and 612 franchised locations) across all 50 U.S. states and DC.[3] An alternate nickname in recent usage by the company is B-Dubs.[4][5]
Contents
1 History
2 Concept
3 Naming rights
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
Buffalo Wild Wings & Weck was founded in 1982 by Jim Disbrow and Scott Lowery. Lowery's parents had become Disbrow's guardians as they were his ice skating coaches. After Disbrow had finished judging an amateur figure skating competition at Kent State University, the pair met up to get some Buffalo-style chicken wings to eat. Failing to find any restaurant serving them, they decided to open their own restaurant serving wings. For the first location, they selected a location near the Ohio State University, Columbus. Weck was an original part of the name, as beyond the wings and its dozen sauces, the restaurant served beef on weck.[6]
The pair brought on an additional partner, Mark Lutz, within six months after opening. None had any restaurant experience and thus ran all aspects of the business, including its finances, haphazardly. The restaurant expanded into a chain over the next decade as it added six additional locations in Ohio, Indiana, and Steamboat Springs, Colorado. The Colorado location was selected as they skied there.[6]
The company began to franchise in 1992 by working with Francorp, a Chicago-based law firm. The original franchise fee was $15,000 to $20,000 plus a percentage of sales. Its bottled wing sauces were then manufactured by Wilsey, Inc. of Atlanta. The company's headquarters was set up in 1992 in Cincinnati. By 1993, eight more locations were added, primarily in Ohio.[6]
In late 1994, Disbrow hired a part-time chief financial officer, Sally Smith, who was employed at his new father-in-law's business. In order to get her full-time, the company moved its headquarters to the Minneapolis/Saint Paul area where Smith wished to stay. Smith had to deal with issues with lenders and the Internal Revenue Service and a potential bankruptcy as a part overhauling its finances. Smith was unable to determine the firm's net income/loss prior to 1995. While in 1995, the company did $12 million in revenue with loss of $1.6 million.[6]
Expecting more growth in 1995, BW3 designed a new prototype free-standing outlet with clear separation between the bar and dining areas and seating 190 in a 5,000- to 7,500-square-foot space. This was a shift in strategy from a college sports-bar to casual dining. The company looked closer at new franchisees' qualifications. Existing franchisees were encouraged to add more locations while more corporate locations were planned. At that time, there were 48 locations with 12 corporate owned.[6]
Smith was promoted to president and CEO in August 1996, while Disbrow became chairman of the board. At the end of the year, 27 new locations were opened. An initial public stock offering was considered in 1998, but discarded given unfavorable market conditions. After using different name variations, bw-3 and Buffalo Wild Wings, in different markets in its first national ad campaign market; the decision was made to standardize the name throughout the system with the latter name. The company moved to increase home sales of their sauces by upgrading the packaging.[6]
The 100th location opened in October 1999 in Apple Valley, Minnesota a short drive from its corporate headquarters. At the time, there were 23 company owned restaurants. Three venture capital firms and other purchased a majority stake, $8.5 million in shares, available in a December 1999 private placement. The funding was planned to fund expansion with expectation to have 260 sites by late 2003. The company tested new several sauces in 2000 but only added two to the menu with its first dessert. In 2000, the chain, now calling its locations, Buffalo Wild Wings Grill & Bar, was in 19 states and 140 locations (at year end) with one finally in the city of its signature menu item, Buffalo, New York.[6]
System-wide revenue were $150 million in 2001 with same-stores averaged growth of 8 percent per year. The company began pushing takeout sales. In late 2001, the company signed on Frito-Lay to its plans for branded potato chips to the retail market.[6]
Disbrow died in October 2002, while Smith continued as company executive with Lowery as vice-president of franchise construction. There were 211 locations in 27 states by the end of third quarter of 2003.[6]
In 2010, the company announced an expansion into Canada.[7] In 2015, Buffalo Wild Wings expanded in the United Arab Emirates when it opened a restaurant in Dubai.[8]
In March 2013, the company took a minority stake in PizzaRev upscale pizza restaurant.[9] In August 2014, BW3 had purchased a majority stake in Rusty Taco chain[10] and changed its name to R Taco the next year.[11]
On September 11, 2017, customers at the Eastvale, California franchise complained that an employee muted the sound for the United States National Anthem at the start of the Monday Night Football game claiming that it was controversial and that it was not company policy to play it. The franchise owner later apologized and clarified that there is no policy regarding this matter.[12]
In November 2017, Roark Capital Group and The Wendy's Company co-owned Arby's Restaurant Group announced its plan to purchase the chain for about $2.4 billion plus debt .[13][14] This deal completed on February 5, 2018 with Arby's Restaurant Group being renamed Inspire Brands and set up as the holding parent company to Arby's, Buffalo Wild Wings and R Taco. Inspire Restaurant Group intends to for each restaurant to keep their individual brands, name, logos, and operating autonomously.[15]
Concept[edit]
The chain is best known for Buffalo-style chicken wings along with over a dozen sauces, as well as a complement of other items such as chicken tenders and legs. The chain's menu also features appetizers, burgers, tacos, salads, and desserts, along with beer, wine, and other beverages. They are known for their famous "Blazin Wing Challenge." They challenge customers to eat 12 of their hottest wings under six minutes. The winners receive a free T-shirt. The restaurants feature an open layout with a bar area and patio seating flanked by over 50 televisions and media screens.[16] Starting in 2016, the new restaurants being built follow a new type of layout that gives the guests the feeling as if they were actually in a sports stadium. Server uniforms consist of gray shorts and jerseys with the number 82, signifying the year that the chain was established in 1982.[17]
Naming rights[edit]
Buffalo Wild Wings Citrus Bowl – NCAA Division I FBS football
Gallery[edit]
Buffalo Wild Wings location in Athens, Ohio
The exterior of a Buffalo Wild Wings location in Carolina Forest, South Carolina
A Buffalo Wild Wings in Carson, California
A Buffalo Wild Wings in Gillette, Wyoming
See also[edit]
List of chicken restaurants
List of companies in the United States
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "US SEC: Form 10-K Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc". United States Securities and Exchange Commission. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ "BUFFALO WILD WINGS – A Brief History" (PDF). 2012. Retrieved July 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc. Announces Fourth Quarter Earnings per Share of $0.87". February 7, 2017. Retrieved March 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "B-Dubs Buffalo Wild Wings app".
Jump up ^ "B-Dubs iPhone App".
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "History of Buffalo Wild Wings, Inc". International Directory of Company Histories, Vol. 56. St. James Press. 2004. Retrieved February 7, 2018 – via FundingUniverse.
Jump up ^ Singleton, Sharon (August 18, 2010). "Buffalo Wild Wings coming to Canada". Toronto Sun. Retrieved August 19, 2010.
Jump up ^ Overton Johnson, Stacie (September 6, 2015). "Dubai Foodie News: Buffalo Wild Wings opens on Jumeirah Road, new brunches and more". The National. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Buffalo Wild Wings dips into pizza business". GoMN. KQGO-FM. March 19, 2013. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Griswold, Alison (August 25, 2014). "Buffalo Wild Wings Invests in Tacos and Pizza". Slate. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Buffalo Wild Wings' Fast Casual R Taco Unveils Expansion Plans". QSR magazine. Journalistic Inc. November 3, 2016. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Customers Outraged After Buffalo Wild Wings Employee Silences National Anthem". CBS. Retrieved September 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bomey, Nathan. "Arby's to acquire Buffalo Wild Wings for $2.4B in restaurant shakeup". USA Today. USA Today. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Isidore, Chris. "Arby's is buying Buffalo Wild Wings". CNN Money. Retrieved 28 November 2017.
Jump up ^ Thorn, Bret (February 5, 2018). "Arby's, Buffalo Wild Wings new parent Inspire Brands debuts". Nation's Restaurant News. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Profile:Buffalo Wild Wings Inc (BWLD.O)". Reuters. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Hagerty, Marilyn (September 6, 2016). "Buffalo Wild Wings a hot spot for students, sports fans". Grand Forks Herald. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
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