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Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)
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For other Thoroughbred Triple Crowns, see Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing.
Sir Barton, the first Triple Crown winner, at the 1919 Preakness Stakes
American Pharoah, the 12th and latest winner, at the 2015 Preakness Stakes
In the United States, the Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing, commonly known as the Triple Crown, is a title awarded to a three-year-old Thoroughbred horse who wins the Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes, and Belmont Stakes. The three races were inaugurated in different years, the last being the Kentucky Derby in 1875. These races are now run annually in May and early June of each year. The Triple Crown Trophy, commissioned in 1950 but awarded to all previous winners as well as those after 1950, is awarded to a Triple Crown winner.
The first winner of all three Triple Crown races was Sir Barton in 1919. Some journalists began using the term Triple Crown to refer to the three races as early as 1923, but it was not until Gallant Fox won the three events in 1930 that Charles Hatton of the Daily Racing Form put the term into common use.
Only twelve horses have won the Triple Crown: Sir Barton (1919), Gallant Fox (1930), Omaha (1935), War Admiral (1937), Whirlaway (1941), Count Fleet (1943), Assault (1946), Citation (1948), Secretariat (1973), Seattle Slew (1977), Affirmed (1978), and American Pharoah (2015).
James E. "Sunny Jim" Fitzsimmons was the only trainer to win the Triple Crown more than once; he trained both Gallant Fox and his son Omaha for the Belair Stud breeding farm. Gallant Fox and Omaha are the only father-son duo to win the Triple Crown. Belair Stud and Calumet Farm are tied as the owners with the most Triple Crown victories with two apiece. Calumet Farms won with Whirlaway and Citation. Eddie Arcaro rode both of Calumet Farms' Triple Crown champions and is the only jockey to win more than one Triple Crown.
Secretariat holds the stakes record time for each of the three races. His time of 2:24 for 1 1⁄2 miles in the 1973 Belmont Stakes also set a world record that still stands.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Development
2 Winners
2.1 Records
2.2 Other notable achievements
3 Gaps between wins
4 Unsuccessful bids
5 Sponsorship and broadcasting
6 Individual race winners
7 See also
8 Notes
9 References
10 External links
Development[edit]
The Triple Crown series technically became possible with the inauguration of the Kentucky Derby in 1875. The Belmont Stakes was first run in 1867 and the Preakness in 1873.[2] Daily Racing Form writer Charles Hatton is commonly credited with originating the term to reference these races in 1930, although they were referred to by that name at least as early as 1923.[3] Since 1931, the order of Triple Crown races has been the Kentucky Derby first, followed by the Preakness Stakes, and then the Belmont Stakes.[4] Prior to 1931, the Preakness Stakes was run before the Kentucky Derby eleven times. On May 12, 1917, and May 13, 1922, the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes were run on the same day.
Each Triple Crown race is open to both colts and fillies. Though fillies have won each of the individual Triple Crown races, none have won the Triple Crown itself.[5] There have been attempts to develop a "Filly Triple Crown" or a "Triple Tiara" for fillies only, but no set series of three races consistently remained in the public eye, and at least four different configurations of races were used. Two fillies won the series of the Kentucky Oaks, the Pimlico Oaks (now the Black-Eyed Susan Stakes), and the Coaching Club American Oaks, in 1949 and 1952, but the racing press did not designate either accomplishment as a "triple crown." In 1961, the New York Racing Association created a filly triple crown of in-state races only, but the races changed over the years. Eight fillies won the NYRA Triple Tiara between 1968 and 1993.[6]
Gelded colts may run in any of the three races today, but they were prohibited from entering the Belmont between 1919 and 1957. Geldings have won each of the individual races,[7][8] but like fillies, no gelding has ever won the Triple Crown. The closest was Funny Cide, who won the Derby and the Preakness in 2003.[9]
All the races are held on dirt tracks, rather than the turf commonly used for important races in Europe.
Triple Crown races
Race
Date
Current Track
Location
Distance
Background
Cite
Trophy
Kentucky Derby
"The Run for the Roses"
First Saturday in May Churchill Downs Louisville, Kentucky 1 1⁄4 miles (2,000 m) Inaugurated in 1875, the race was originally 1 1⁄2 miles (2,400 m) until 1896 when it was shortened to its current distance. It is the only one of the three races to have been continuously run from its inception. Colts and geldings carry 126 pounds (57 kg) and fillies 121 pounds (55 kg). The field has been limited to 20 horses since 1975. [10]
The Kentucky Derby Trophy
Preakness Stakes
"The Run for the Black-Eyed Susans"
Third Saturday in May Pimlico Race Course Baltimore, Maryland 1 3⁄16 miles (1,900 m) Started in 1873 and continuously run since 1894, it is the shortest of the three races. Pimlico was the home of the race from 1873 to 1889 and again from 1908 until the present. The Preakness was not run from 1891 to 1893. Weights are the same as for the Derby. Field is limited to 14 horses. [11][12]
The Woodlawn Vase
Belmont Stakes
"The Test of the Champion"
Third Saturday following the Preakness
(first or second Saturday in June) Belmont Park Elmont, New York 1 1⁄2 miles (2,400 m) Begun in 1867, it is the oldest of the three races and the longest, though not held in 1911 and 1912 due to anti-gambling legislation in New York. Race was held at various New York tracks until 1905 when Belmont Park became the permanent location. Distance varied from 1 5⁄8 to 1 1⁄8 miles until set at 1 1⁄2 miles in 1926. Weight assignments are the same as the other two races. Field is limited to 16 horses. [13][14][15]
The August Belmont Trophy
Winners[edit]
The Triple Crown trophy
The sixth winner, Count Fleet, in the 1943 Kentucky Derby
The seventh winner, Assault in 1946 with Warren Mehrtens, jockey
The ninth winner, Secretariat, winning the 1973 Belmont Stakes by 31 lengths
Triple Crown winners[16]
Year
Winner
Jockey
Trainer
Owner
Breeder
Colors
1919
Sir Barton Johnny Loftus H. Guy Bedwell J. K. L. Ross John E. Madden
1930
Gallant Fox Earl Sande Jim Fitzsimmons Belair Stud Belair Stud
1935
Omaha Willie "Smokey" Saunders Jim Fitzsimmons Belair Stud Belair Stud
1937
War Admiral Charles Kurtsinger George Conway Samuel D. Riddle Samuel D. Riddle
1941
Whirlaway Eddie Arcaro Ben A. Jones Calumet Farm Calumet Farm
1943
Count Fleet Johnny Longden Don Cameron Fannie Hertz Fannie Hertz
1946
Assault Warren Mehrtens Max Hirsch King Ranch King Ranch
1948
Citation Eddie Arcaro Horace A. "Jimmy" Jones Calumet Farm Calumet Farm
1973
Secretariat Ron Turcotte Lucien Laurin Meadow Stable Meadow Stable
1977
Seattle Slew Jean Cruguet William H. Turner, Jr. Mickey and Karen L. Taylor,
Tayhill Stable/Jim Hill, et al. Ben S. Castleman
1978
Affirmed Steve Cauthen Laz Barrera Harbor View Farm Harbor View Farm
2015
American Pharoah Victor Espinoza Bob Baffert Ahmed Zayat Ahmed Zayat
At completion of the 2016 season, the three Triple Crown races have attracted 4,224 entrants. Of these, 292 horses have won a single leg of the Triple Crown, 52 horses have won two of the races (23 the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, 18 the Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes, and 11 the Kentucky Derby and Belmont Stakes), and 12 horses have won all three races. Pillory won both the Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes in 1922, a year when it was impossible to win the Triple Crown because the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes were run on the same day.
10 of the 12 winners have been "homebreds", owned at the time of their win by their breeders.[17]
Jim Fitzsimmons is the only trainer to have two horses win the Triple Crown, training the sire/son combination of 1930 winner Gallant Fox and 1935 winner Omaha. This also marked the first time that an owner and the first time that a breeder, Belair Stud holding both duties, had a repeat win of the Triple Crown. Calumet Farm is the only other owner with two Triple Crown horses, 1941 winner Whirlaway and 1948 winner Citation. Eddie Arcaro is the only jockey to ride two horses to the Triple Crown, both for Calumet, Whirlaway and Citation. Those two horses' trainers, Ben Jones and Jimmy Jones, were father and son.
All 12 horses, and most owners, trainers, and jockeys were born in the United States. The exceptions were jockey Johnny Longden, born in England and raised in Canada; French-born jockey Jean Cruguet; trainer Laz Barrera, from Cuba; and jockey Victor Espinoza, from Mexico. Secretariat's trainer, Lucien Laurin and jockey, Ron Turcotte were both Canadians. Owner Fannie Hertz was married to John D. Hertz, who was born in Slovakia; owner Ahmed Zayat was born in Egypt. Jockey Willie Saunders is considered a Canadian jockey because he grew up and established his career there, but was born in Montana. The horse Sir Barton was foaled in the United States but had a Canadian owner, J. K. L. Ross, at the time of his Triple Crown win.
Records[edit]
Secretariat holds the stakes record for each of the Triple Crown races, the Kentucky Derby (1:59 2/5), the Preakness Stakes (1:53), and the Belmont Stakes (2:24).[18][19]
At 18, Steve Cauthen became the youngest jockey to win the Triple Crown, riding Affirmed in 1978. At 43, Victor Espinoza became the oldest jockey to win the Triple Crown, riding American Pharoah in 2015.
Other notable achievements[edit]
Only one horse, Alydar, has placed (finished second) in all three races. He was defeated by Affirmed in all three races in 1978 by a combined margin of two lengths. His trainer John Vietch is the only trainer to have done this with one horse. In 1995, D. Wayne Lukas became the first and only major figure (owner, jockey, or trainer) to win all three Triple Crown races with different horses, Thunder Gulch in the Derby and Belmont, Timber Country in the Preakness. Lukas also is the only trainer to have won six straight Triple Crown races, adding his 1995 wins, having won the 1994 Preakness and Belmont with Tabasco Cat and the 1996 Derby with Grindstone.[20]
Like Vietch, only with two different horses, Bob Baffert also had second-place finishes in all three legs of the Triple Crown, both owned by Ahmed Zayat: in 2012, Bodemeister finished second in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness stakes to I'll Have Another, then Paynter was entered and finished second to Union Rags.[21] Baffert and Zayat teamed up again for the 2015 Triple Crown victory of American Pharoah.
Gallant Fox is the only Triple Crown winner to sire another U.S. Triple Crown winner, Omaha. Affirmed sired Peteski, winner of the 1993 Canadian Triple Crown.[22]
Whirlaway, in addition to winning the 1941 Triple Crown, also won the Travers Stakes that year, becoming the first and only horse to date to accomplish that feat.
American Pharoah, in addition to winning the 2015 Triple Crown, also won the Breeders' Cup Classic that year. As the Breeders' Cup was not established until 1984, American Pharoah was the first to sweep all four races, a feat that came to be known as the Grand Slam.[23][24]
Gaps between wins[edit]
California Chrome (second from right) was stepped on by the number 3 horse while leaving the starting gate at the 2014 Belmont Stakes
After the first Triple Crown winner, Sir Barton, in 1919, there was not another winner until Gallant Fox in 1930, a gap of 11 years. Between 1930 and 1948, seven horses won the Triple Crown, with five years being the longest gap between winners. However, following the 1948 win of Citation, there was a considerable gap of 25 years before Secretariat ended the drought of Triple Crown champions in 1973. Between 1973 and 1978, there were three Triple Crown winners.
After Affirmed's Triple Crown in 1978, the longest drought in Triple Crown history began in 1979 with Spectacular Bid's failed Triple Crown attempt at the Belmont Stakes, and lasted until American Pharoah won in 2015. Starting in 1979, thirteen horses won both the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, but not the Belmont. Of those, Real Quiet came the closest to winning the Triple Crown, losing the Belmont Stakes by a nose in 1998. Charismatic led the Belmont Stakes in the final furlong in 1999, but fractured his left front leg in the final stretch and fell back to third. The seven most recent horses to win the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes but either lost or withdrew from the Belmont Stakes were War Emblem in 2002, Funny Cide in 2003, Smarty Jones in 2004, Big Brown in 2008, I'll Have Another in 2012, and California Chrome in 2014.
In the 1979-2015 period, horses who contested all three races, losing the Kentucky Derby but winning the Preakness and the Belmont were Risen Star in 1988, Hansel in 1991, Tabasco Cat in 1994, Point Given in 2001, and Afleet Alex in 2005. In 1984, Swale and in 1995, Thunder Gulch ran all three races, winning the Derby and the Belmont, but not the Preakness.
The 37-year gap between the Triple Crown wins of Affirmed and American Pharoah drew criticism of the system. As far back as 1986, reporters noted that horses who were fresh for the Belmont had an advantage.[25] In 2003, Gary Stevens stated in an interview with Charlie Rose that he did not believe there would be another Triple Crown winner because of the tendency for owners to put fresh horses in the Preakness and Belmont Stakes.[26] California Chrome co-owner Steve Coburn was particularly critical of the Triple Crown system in post-Belmont remarks in 2014; he considered the system to be unfair, arguing that there would never be another Triple Crown winner in his lifetime unless only horses that competed in the Kentucky Derby and Preakness competed at the Belmont. By 2014, six of the previous eight Belmont winners had not competed in either of the first two legs of the Triple Crown.[27] Additionally, from 2006 to 2014, the Belmont winner was a horse who had not competed in the Preakness.[28] American Pharoah was the first Belmont winner since Afleet Alex in 2005 to have run all three Triple Crown races.[29]
Unsuccessful bids[edit]
Big Brown, the winner of the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes, at the 2008 Belmont Stakes, where he was pulled up and did not finish.
Since all three races were inaugurated, as of 2017[update], 23 horses have won the Derby and Preakness but not the Belmont:
1932: Burgoo King did not enter the Belmont due to lameness.[30]:78, 182
1936: Bold Venture did not enter the Belmont due to lameness.[30]:78, 182
1944: Pensive was the first horse to contest but lose the Belmont after winning the first two legs. He placed second to Bounding Home,[30]:78 who had not run in the Derby or the Preakness.[2]
1958: Tim Tam, defeated by six lengths by Cavan, who had not contested the Derby or Preakness.[2]
1961: Carry Back, "sore" after the race, was seventh of nine entries, 14 1⁄2 lengths behind the winner, a longshot named Sherluck.[2]
1964: Northern Dancer, defeated by Quadrangle.[2]
1966: Kauai King, defeated by Amberoid.[2]
1968: Forward Pass, defeated by Stage Door Johnny by 1 1⁄4 lengths.[2]
1969: Majestic Prince, second by 5 1⁄2 lengths to Arts and Letters. Loss attributed to fatigue and lameness.[2][31]
1971: Canonero II, fourth in the Belmont to 34–1 longshot Pass Catcher,[2] the loss attributed to a hoof problem.[32]
1979: Spectacular Bid, third in Belmont, alleged to have stepped on a safety pin the morning of the race, other theory was rider error by an inexperienced young jockey moving him too soon.[33] He finished 3 1⁄4 lengths behind Coastal and a neck behind the second-place horse, Golden Act.[34]
1981: Pleasant Colony, third in Belmont, 1 1⁄2 lengths behind Summing and the second-place horse, Highland Blade.[35]
1987: Alysheba finished fourth in Belmont behind Bet Twice, Cryptoclearance, and Gulch.[33][36]
1989: Sunday Silence, second in Belmont, eight lengths behind Easy Goer.[33]
1997: Silver Charm, second in Belmont, 3⁄4 length behind Touch Gold.[37]
1998: Real Quiet, second in Belmont after a photo finish, a nose behind Victory Gallop.[38]
1999: Charismatic, third in Belmont, 1 1⁄2 lengths behind Lemon Drop Kid and second-place Vision and Verse. Charismatic was pulled up soon after the finish, vanned off with a bone fracture. He survived and was retired to stud.[39]
2002: War Emblem stumbled at gate in Belmont, finished eighth out of 11. Winner Sarava scored upset at record odds of 70-1.[40]
2003: Funny Cide, third in Belmont, five lengths behind Empire Maker, and 4 1⁄4 lengths behind second-place horse, Ten Most Wanted.[41]
2004: Smarty Jones, second in Belmont, one length behind Birdstone.[42]
2008: Big Brown was pulled up in the home stretch of the Belmont, eased to a last-place finish. Winner was Da' Tara. A hoof problem had limited Big Brown's training, and may have been a factor in his defeat.[43]
2012: I'll Have Another was scratched from the Belmont the day before the race due to a tendon injury.[33]
2014: California Chrome finished in a dead heat for 4th in the Belmont after being stepped on by another horse leaving the gate and running the race with an injury to his heel and a scrape on his tendon.[44]
Sponsorship and broadcasting[edit]
See also: Sports broadcasting contracts in the United States
Originally, the three races largely organized their own nominations procedure, marketing and television broadcast rights. In 1985, Triple Crown Productions was created when the owner of Spend a Buck chose not to run in the other two Triple Crown races because of a financial incentive offered to any Kentucky Derby winner who could win a set of competing races in New Jersey. The organizers of the three races realized that they needed to work together.[45]
Efforts to unify the sponsorship and marketing of all three Triple Crown races began in 1987 when ABC Sports negotiated a deal with Chrysler to pay $5 million to any horse that swept all three races, and $1 million each year there was no Triple Crown sweep to the horse with the highest combined Triple Crown finish.[46] This sponsorship lasted until 1993. The end of the $1 million participation bonus was linked to the breakdown of Prairie Bayou at the Belmont Stakes that year and the uncomfortable situation that arose when the Kentucky Derby winner, Sea Hero, was given the bonus following a seventh-place finish.[45]
In 1995, Visa USA took over the sponsorship with a 10-year contract, naming the series the Visa Triple Crown and offering only the $5 million bonus to a horse that could sweep the Triple Crown.[47] Along with sponsorship by VISA, NBC Sports paid $51.5 million for broadcast rights to all three races, with the revenue split giving 50% of the total to Churchill Downs and 25% each to Pimlico and to the New York Racing Association (NYRA).[45]
The Visa deal—and the cooperative effort—ended after 2005. The NYRA felt that they did not get a fair share of the revenue, particularly when the Belmont had the highest ratings of all three races in the years where a Triple Crown was on the line.[45] From 2001 through 2013, average viewership for the Belmont was 7 million when the Triple Crown was not at stake, whereas viewership averaged 13 million when it was.[a][48] With the contract term ending, the NYRA went to ESPN on ABC for the 2006 Belmont, while the broadcasts of the Derby and Preakness remained with NBC.[45] Visa chose to remain as a sponsor of only Kentucky Derby for the next five years.[47] As a result of the divided broadcast, Triple Crown Productions was unable to obtain a new sponsor.[45]
Years
Sponsor
Bonuses
1987–1993
Chrysler Corporation $1 million (best overall record)
$5 million (three wins)
1995–2005
Visa USA $5 million (three wins)
2006–present
Triple Crown Productions None
In February 2011, ABC/ESPN dropped out of the negotiations to renew broadcast rights to the Belmont Stakes. NBC obtained the contract through 2015, once again uniting all three races on the same network.[49][50][51] In 2014, NBC extended their contract for the Kentucky Derby through 2025.[52] As of August 2015[update], NBC obtained a broadcast contract for the Belmont through 2020 and the Preakness through 2022.[53]
Individual race winners[edit]
See also: Triple Crown Productions § Highest combined Triple Crown finish
Key for full list of race winners
Denotes winners of the Triple Crown
* Denotes winners of the Derby and Preakness but not the Belmont
# Denotes other winners of any other combination of 2 out of the 3 Triple Crown races
Full list of race winners
Year
Kentucky Derby
Preakness Stakes
Belmont Stakes
1867
Ruthless[Fy]
1868
General Duke
1869
Fenian
1870
Kingfisher
1871
Harry Bassett
1872
Joe Daniels
1873
Survivor Springbok
1874
Culpepper Saxon
1875
Aristides Tom Ochiltree Calvin
1876
Vagrant Shirley Algerine
1877
Baden-Baden # Cloverbrook # Cloverbrook
1878
Day Star # Duke of Magenta # Duke of Magenta
1879
Lord Murphy Harold Spendthrift
1880
Fonso # Grenada # Grenada
1881
Hindoo # Saunterer # Saunterer
1882
Apollo Vanguard Forester
1883
Leonatus Jacobus George Kinney
1884
Buchanan Knight of Ellerslie Panique
1885
Joe Cotton Tecumseh Tyrant
1886
Ben Ali The Bard Inspector B
1887
Montrose Dunboyne Hanover
1888
Macbeth II Refund Sir Dixon
1889
Spokane Buddhist Eric
1890
Riley Montague[b] Burlington
1891
Kingman RNR Foxford
1892
Azra RNR Patron
1893
Lookout RNR Commanche
1894
Chant Assignee[c] Henry of Navarre
1895
Halma # Belmar[c] # Belmar
1896
Ben Brush Margrave[c] Hastings
1897
Typhoon II Paul Kauvar[c] Scottish Chieftain
1898
Plaudit Sly Fox[c] Bowling Brook
1899
Manuel Half Time[c] Jean Bereaud
1900
Lieut. Gibson Hindus[c] Ildrim
1901
His Eminence The Parader[c] Commando
1902
Alan-a-Dale Old England[c] Masterman
1903
Judge Himes Flocarline[Fy][c] Africander
1904
Elwood Bryn Mawr[c] Delhi
1905
Agile Cairngorm[c] Tanya[Fy]
1906
Sir Huon Whimsical[Fy][c] Burgomaster
1907
Pink Star Don Enrique[c] Peter Pan I
1908
Stone Street Royal Tourist[c] Colin
1909
Wintergreen Effendi Joe Madden
1910
Donau Layminster Sweep
1911
Meridian Watervale RNR
1912
Worth Colonel Holloway RNR
1913
Donerail Buskin Prince Eugene
1914
Old Rosebud Holiday Luke McLuke
1915
Regret[Fy] Rhine Maiden[Fy] The Finn
1916
George Smith Damrosch Friar Rock
1917
Omar Khayyam[d] Kalitan[d] Hourless
1918
Exterminator War Cloud[e]
Jack Hare, Jr.[e] Johren
1919
Sir Barton Sir Barton Sir Barton
1920
Paul Jones # Man o' War # Man o' War
1921
Behave Yourself Broomspun Grey Lag
1922
Morvich[d] # Pillory[d] # Pillory
1923
# Zev Vigil # Zev
1924
Black Gold Nellie Morse[Fy] Mad Play
1925
Flying Ebony Coventry American Flag
1926
Bubbling Over Display Crusader
1927
Whiskery Bostonian Chance Shot
1928
Reigh Count Victorian Vito
1929
Clyde Van Dusen Dr. Freeland Blue Larkspur
1930
Gallant Fox Gallant Fox Gallant Fox
1931
# Twenty Grand Mate # Twenty Grand
1932
* Burgoo King * Burgoo King Faireno
1933
Brokers Tip Head Play Hurryoff
1934
Cavalcade High Quest Peace Chance
1935
Omaha Omaha Omaha
1936
* Bold Venture * Bold Venture Granville
1937
War Admiral War Admiral War Admiral
1938
Lawrin Dauber Pasteurized
1939
# Johnstown Challedon # Johnstown
1940
Gallahadion # Bimelech # Bimelech
1941
Whirlaway Whirlaway Whirlaway
1942
# Shut Out Alsab # Shut Out
1943
Count Fleet Count Fleet Count Fleet
1944
* Pensive * Pensive Bounding Home
1945
Hoop Jr. Polynesian Pavot
1946
Assault Assault Assault
1947
Jet Pilot Faultless Phalanx
1948
Citation Citation Citation
1949
Ponder # Capot # Capot
1950
# Middleground Hill Prince # Middleground
1951
Count Turf Bold Counterpoint
1952
Hill Gail Blue Man One Count
1953
Dark Star # Native Dancer # Native Dancer
1954
Determine Hasty Road High Gun
1955
Swaps # Nashua # Nashua
1956
# Needles Fabius # Needles
1957
Iron Liege Bold Ruler Gallant Man
1958
* Tim Tam * Tim Tam Cavan
1959
Tomy Lee Royal Orbit Sword Dancer
1960
Venetian Way Bally Ache Celtic Ash
1961
* Carry Back * Carry Back Sherluck
1962
Decidedly Greek Money Jaipur
1963
# Chateaugay Candy Spots # Chateaugay[f]
1964
* Northern Dancer * Northern Dancer Quadrangle[f]
1965
Lucky Debonair Tom Rolfe Hail To All[f]
1966
* Kauai King * Kauai King Amberoid[f]
1967
Proud Clarion # Damascus # Damascus[f]
1968
* Forward Pass[g] * Forward Pass Stage Door Johnny
1969
* Majestic Prince * Majestic Prince Arts and Letters
1970
Dust Commander Personality High Echelon
1971
* Canonero II * Canonero II Pass Catcher
1972
# Riva Ridge Bee Bee Bee # Riva Ridge
1973
Secretariat Secretariat Secretariat
1974
Cannonade # Little Current # Little Current
1975
Foolish Pleasure Master Derby Avatar
1976
# Bold Forbes Elocutionist # Bold Forbes
1977
Seattle Slew Seattle Slew Seattle Slew
1978
Affirmed Affirmed Affirmed
1979
* Spectacular Bid * Spectacular Bid Coastal
1980
Genuine Risk[Fy] Codex Temperence Hill
1981
* Pleasant Colony * Pleasant Colony Summing
1982
Gato Del Sol Aloma's Ruler Conquistador Cielo
1983
Sunny's Halo Deputed Testamony Caveat
1984
# Swale Gate Dancer # Swale
1985
Spend A Buck Tank's Prospect Creme Fraiche
1986
Ferdinand Snow Chief Danzig Connection
1987
* Alysheba * Alysheba Bet Twice
1988
Winning Colors[Fy] # Risen Star # Risen Star
1989
* Sunday Silence * Sunday Silence Easy Goer
1990
Unbridled Summer Squall Go And Go
1991
Strike the Gold # Hansel # Hansel
1992
Lil E. Tee Pine Bluff A.P. Indy
1993
Sea Hero Prairie Bayou Colonial Affair
1994
Go for Gin # Tabasco Cat # Tabasco Cat
1995
# Thunder Gulch Timber Country # Thunder Gulch
1996
Grindstone Louis Quatorze Editor's Note
1997
* Silver Charm * Silver Charm Touch Gold
1998
* Real Quiet * Real Quiet Victory Gallop
1999
* Charismatic * Charismatic Lemon Drop Kid
2000
Fusaichi Pegasus Red Bullet Commendable
2001
Monarchos # Point Given # Point Given
2002
* War Emblem * War Emblem Sarava
2003
* Funny Cide * Funny Cide Empire Maker
2004
* Smarty Jones * Smarty Jones Birdstone
2005
Giacomo # Afleet Alex # Afleet Alex
2006
Barbaro Bernardini Jazil
2007
Street Sense Curlin Rags to Riches[Fy]
2008
* Big Brown * Big Brown Da' Tara
2009
Mine That Bird Rachel Alexandra[Fy] Summer Bird
2010
Super Saver Lookin at Lucky Drosselmeyer
2011
Animal Kingdom Shackleford Ruler on Ice
2012
* I'll Have Another * I'll Have Another Union Rags[h]
2013
Orb Oxbow Palace Malice
2014
* California Chrome * California Chrome Tonalist
2015
American Pharoah American Pharoah American Pharoah
2016
Nyquist Exaggerator Creator
2017
Always Dreaming Cloud Computing Tapwrit
Notes
Jump up ^ These were 2002 for War Emblem, 2003 for Funny Cide and 2004 for Smarty Jones.[45]
Jump up ^ The 1890 Preakness Stakes was held at Morris Park Racecourse in The Bronx, New York.[54]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o From 1894 to 1908, the Preakness Stakes were held at Gravesend Race Track on Coney Island, New York.[54]
^ Jump up to: a b c d In 1917 and 1922, the Kentucky Derby and Preakness Stakes were held on the same day.
^ Jump up to: a b The 1918 Preakness Stakes was held in two divisions due to a large field. War Cloud won one and Jack Hare, Jr. the other.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Due to reconstruction at Belmont Park, the Belmont Stakes were held at Aqueduct Racetrack in Queens, New York from 1963 to 1967.
Jump up ^ Dancer's Image was disqualified as the winner of the 1968 Kentucky Derby due to a post-race failed drug test.
Jump up ^ I'll Have Another was scratched the afternoon prior to the Belmont due to tendonitis and was unable to attempt to win the race.
[Fy] Denotes a filly. Fillies won the Kentucky Derby in 1915, 1980, and 1988, Preakness Stakes in 1903, 1906, 1915, 1924, and 2009, and Belmont Stakes in 1867, 1905, and 2007.
RNR Race not run. The Belmont was not run in 1911 and 1912 due to anti-betting legislation passed in New York State. The Preakness did not run 1891–1893.
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Kentucky Derby, Preakness Stakes and Belmont Stakes.
Book: Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing (United States)
American thoroughbred racing top attended events
British Classic Races
French Classic Races
Triple Crown of Thoroughbred Racing
Notes[edit]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Secretariat remains No. 1 name in racing". ESPN. Retrieved July 22, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Christine, Bill (June 4, 1989). "The Spoilers: Last Jewel of Triple Crown Has Been Stolen 11 Times--Will Sunday Silence Be Next Victim of an Upset?". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Liebman, Bennett (April 24, 2008). "The Rail: The Race for the Triple Crown - Origins of Triple Crown". The New York Times. New York, NY. Retrieved May 9, 2009.
Jump up ^ "History & Tradition of the Triple Crown". OD Action. Retrieved August 5, 2013.
Jump up ^ Beyer, Andrew (June 12, 2007). "Where Are the Fillies?". Washington Post. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ Genaro, Teresa (June 7, 2011). "The Triple Tiara". Hello Race Fans. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ Drape, Joe (June 1, 2003). "Where No Gelding Has Gone Before". New York Times. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ "History: Horses". Belmont Stakes. Retrieved 27 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Kane, Mike (June 6, 2014). "10 things to know about the Triple Crown". Courier-Journal. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ Drager, Marvin. "Kentucky Derby". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Drager, Marvin. "Preakness Stakes". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Preakness Stakes". Triple Crown Productions. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ Drager, Marvin. "Belmont Stakes". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Belmont Stakes". Triple Crown Productions. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Belmont Stakes History". Belmont-Stakes Info. Retrieved May 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Triple Crown Winners". The New York Racing Association. June 8, 2015. Retrieved June 8, 2015.
Jump up ^ Angst, Frank (June 10, 2015). "The Figs: American Pharoah's Triple Crown". Blood-Horse. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sham: In the Shadow of a Superhorse". California Thoroughbred. Retrieved May 24, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hegarty, Matt (June 19, 2012). "Secretariat awarded Preakness record at 1:53 after review". Daily Racing Form. Retrieved June 19, 2012.
Jump up ^ Christine, Bill (December 29, 2011). "10 most unbreakable records (10-6)". Daily Racing Form. Retrieved June 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ "2012 Kentucky Derby -- I'll Have Another rallies to win at Churchill Downs - ESPN". ESPN.com. Retrieved October 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Canadian Triple Crown Winner Peteski Dies from Colic". BloodHorse.com. April 8, 2001. Retrieved August 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ Grand Slam - ESPN.com
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Jump up ^ "The Courier - Google News Archive Search". Retrieved October 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ Charlie Rose (July 21, 2003). "A rebroadcast of a discussion about the film Seabiscuit". Charlie Rose. Archived from the original on September 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Brennan: Cherry-pick races and Triple Crown extinct". USA Today. Retrieved June 8, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Betting against California Chrome? Fresh horses typically win Belmont Stakes". Newsday. Retrieved October 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ ESPN News Service (June 6, 2015). "American Pharoah claims first Triple Crown since 1978". ESPN. Retrieved June 6, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Drape, Joe (2008). To the swift : classic Triple Crown horses and their race for glory (1st ed.). New York: St. Martin's Press. ISBN 9780312357955.
Jump up ^ Drager, Marvin. "Majestic Prince". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Glauber, Bill (May 19, 1991). "Canonero II came close to Triple Crowning glory". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Staff (June 1, 2015). "American Pharoah Eyes Triple Crown Sweep". The New York Times. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ Oakford, Glenye Cain (September 17, 2011). "Spectacular Bid, 27, dead". Daily Racing Form. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Hovdey, Jay (May 31, 2012). "Triple Crown near-misses: Pleasant Colony, 1981". Daily Racing Form. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Durso, Joseph (June 7, 1998). "THE 130TH BELMONT STAKES; Victory Gallop's Charge Keeps Real Quiet Short of Posterity". The New York Times. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
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Jump up ^ Drape, Joe (June 8, 2003). "Empire Maker Ends Funny Cide's Triple Crown Bid". The New York Times. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Drape, Joe (June 6, 2004). "At Smarty Jones's Coronation, Birdstone Makes Off With the Crown". The New York Times. Retrieved June 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ Beyer, Andrew (June 11, 2008). "The Story Behind Big Brown's Bad Belmont May Never Be Known". Washington Post. Retrieved June 2, 2015.
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Jump up ^ "NBC Signs Five Year Deal To Televise Belmont Stakes". Retrieved October 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ "New Pact Keeps Kentucky Derby in NBC Stable Through 2025" (Press Release). February 26, 2014. Retrieved May 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Liz Mullen (August 10, 2015). "Nbc Sports Group Extends Belmont Contract Through 2020". Sports Business Daily. Retrieved May 8, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Preakness Stakes - History". preakness-stakes.info. Retrieved May 18, 2015.
External links[edit]
Official website
BloodHorse.com Triple Crown Mania
Ten Things You Should Know About the Triple Crown at Hello Race Fans
Triple Crown Winners – slideshow by Life magazine
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text:
Deep in the Realm of Conscience
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Deep in the Realm of Conscience
深宮計
Deep in the Realm of Conscience official poster
Genre
Costume drama
Period drama
Directed by
Zhu Li He 朱礼和
Starring
Nancy Wu
Annie Liu
Steven Ma
Kenneth Ma
Edwin Siu
Chrissie Chau
Alice Chan
Jacqueline Wong
Susan Tse
Candy Lo
Akina Hong
Pinky Cheung
Opening theme
Regretless (無悔無愧) by Nancy Wu
Ending theme
Moon and Sea (明月與海) by Steven Ma & Nancy Wu
Flying into the Flame (飛蛾撲火) by Hana
Composer(s)
Alan Cheung
Country of origin
Hong Kong
Original language(s)
Cantonese
No. of episodes
36
Production
Executive producer(s)
Mui Siu-ching
Production location(s)
Hong Kong
Hengdian World Studios
Running time
42 – 45 minutes
Production company(s)
TVB
Tengent Penguin Pictures
Release
Original network
TVB Jade
Tencent Video
Original release
21 May – 08 July 2018
Chronology
Preceded by
Daddy Cool
Followed by
Who Wants A Baby
Related shows
Beyond the Realm of Conscience (2009)
External links
Website
Deep in the Realm of Conscience (Chinese: 宮心計2: 深宮計; Cantonese Yale: Gūngsāmgai2: Sāmgūnggai) is a 2018 Hong Kong television series produced by TVB and Tengent Penguin Pictures. It is the sequel to the 2009 drama Beyond the Realm of Conscience. It stars Nancy Wu, Annie Liu, Steven Ma, Kenneth Ma, Edwin Siu, Chrissie Chau, Alice Chan, Jacqueline Wong, Susan Tse, Candy Lo, Akina Hong and Pinky Cheung.[1]
Contents
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
2.1 Main cast
2.2 Special Guest Appearance
2.3 Imperial household bureau
2.4 Lee Family
3 International broadcast
4 See also
5 References
Synopsis[edit]
During the reign of Emperor Shang of Tang, Prince of Ping (Steven Ma), and Princess Taiping (Alice Chan) stage a coup and execute the Empress Dowager Wei (Michelle Yim) who was seize power on the court system. They support Prince of Xiang (Lee Lung Kei) in reclaiming the throne. The palace appears to be returning to peace, but, the great waves are secretly approaching... On the court, the aunt-nephew camp of Princess Taiping and Prince of Ping begin to be divided and become like fire and water! Within the inner palace, Prince of Ping 's first wife, Wong Zhen (Nancy Wu) and favorite concubine Zheng Chunxi (Chrissie Chau) compete with their beauty and cannot get along. Fortunately, within the deceitful inner palace, there is rare integrity. The heroic and righteous imperial guards, Yam Sam-Shu (Kenneth Ma) and Ho Lei (Edwin Siu), and the quiet and elegant department heads, Kam Yeuk-chin (Jacqueline Wong), and Yuen Yuet (Annie Liu), are four genuine people that decorate the gloomy and cold palace halls with a brush of romance and add a little mystery... Some people will give up everything for their most beloved, while others will give up their soul for power! A series of unsolved cases occur in the palace. Within the layers and layers of mystery is a long-kept secret. As it is slowly unraveled, it reveals humanity's deep thirst for power and wealth...

Cast[edit]
Main cast[edit]
Cast Role Description
Nancy Wu
胡定欣 Wong Zhen
王蓁 Consort of Ping → Crown Princess → Empress Wang
First wife of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Found out that she was pregnant on episode 13.
In episode 15, she had a miscarriage, due to a nightmare.
In episode 18, she found out that she couldn't be pregnant anymore due to the miscarriage.
Outside people see her as a nice person and a good wife. Truthfully, She is a cunning and manipulative person who tries to get rid of those who are a threat to her, for example, she indirectly disfigured her younger half-sister leading to her suicide just so she can marry Li Longji.
Banish to the cold palace by Emperor Xuanzong for life as punishment for the sins she committed in episode 36
Main Villain
Annie Liu
劉心悠 Yuen Yuet
元玥 Palace Maid → 玲瓏公主 (Princess Ling Lung)
Love interest of Ho Lei
Turned into a Princess episode 20
Nicole Wong as a young Yuen Yuet.
She became a palace maid to search for her older sister, who had stopped sending her letters.
Left the palace to be with Ho Lei and away from palace affairs in episode 36.
Kenneth Ma
馬國明 Yam Sam-shu
任三恕 Ex-boyfriend and former friend of Empress Wang
Imperial guard general
Subordinate of Li Longji
Left the palace in episode 36
Steven Ma
馬浚偉 Li Longji
李隆基 Prince of Ping → Crown Prince → Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Tortured and killed Yuen Yuet's older sister after she sent by Empress Dowager Wei to bring poison soup to Princess Taiping which the events took place before the start of series.
Edwin Siu
蕭正楠 Ho Lei
何離 Imperial guard commander
Subordinate of Yam Sam Shu and Li Longji
Joined the Imperial guard to uncover the truth of a cold case related to the massacre of the orphanage he was raised at during his childhood.
Later revealed to be the unknown long lost brother of Li Longji and Li Chengqi who was sent away from the palace after his birth and death of his mother by Lady Cheung,
Left the palace to be with Yuen Yuet and away from palace affairs in episode 36.
Chrissie Chau
周秀娜 Zheng Chunxi
鄭純熙 An imperial concubine of Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Rival of Empress Wang
Niece of Princess Taiping from her first marriage
Found out that she was pregnant on episode 28.
In episode 31, she had a miscarriage was indirect cause by Empress Wang's scheme
Die in suicide/poison attempt when she tries to poison Empress Wang along with herself in episode 34
Special Guest Appearance[edit]
Cast Role Description
Michelle Yim
米雪 Empress Dowager Wei
韋后 Empress Dowager
Second wife of Emperor Zhongzong
She wants follow the examples of Wu Zetian to seize power.
Killed by Li Longji in episode 1 during coup started by him and his Aunt , Princess Taiping
Villain
Max Cheung Sit Siu
First husband of Princess Taiping
Deceased
Executed twenty years ago for being claim as a conspirer of trying to starting a coup against Wu Zetian.
Imperial household bureau[edit]
Cast Role Description
Jacqueline Wong
黃心穎 Kam Yeuk-chin
甘若芊 Palace maid
Good friend of Yuen Yuet
Love Interest of Yam Sam-syu
Died in episode 33, murdered by Empress Wang when she accidentally found out her evil misdeeds toward Zheng Chunxi.
Susan Tse
謝雪心 Lady Cheung
章尚宮 Head of Palace Proceedings
Supervisor of Lady Tsui , Lady Nam-kung , Lady Wong , and Lady Luk
Retired as Head of Palace Proceedings in episode 36.
Candy Lo
羅霖 Lady Tsui
徐相思 Head of Jewellery
She wears purple. Cousin of Lady Luk
Left the palace in episode 36 with Lady Luk to start their own business.
Akina Hong
康華 Lady Nam-kung
南宮琹 Head of Furnishing. She wears blue. Left the palace in episode 36.
Pinky Cheung
張文慈 Lady Wong
汪敏 Head of Food. She wears green. Becoming Head of Palace Proceedings in episode 36.
Angie Cheong
張慧儀 Lady Luk
陸碧雲 Head of Attire
She wears orange . Cousin of Lady Tsui
Left the palace in episode 36 with Lady Tsui to start their own business.
Lee Family[edit]
Cast Role Description
Alice Chan
陳煒 Princess Taiping
太平公主 Aunt of Li Longji / Emperor Xuanzong of Tang who fights for the throne with him, which then leads to a lot of palace scheming and power struggles.
Tries to depose Emperor Xuanzong from the throne after many conflicts between them.
Committed suicide by hanging herself using a white silk in her palace in episode 36.
Main Villain
Lee Lung Kei
李龍基 Emperor Ruizong
唐睿宗 Emperor Ruizong → Taishang Huang
Father of Li Longji / Emperor Xuanzong of Tang and Li Chenqi / Pring of Song
Older Brother of Princess Taiping
Retired from court affairs in episode 36.
Eric Li
李天翔 Li Chengqi
李成器 Prince of Song
Older brother of Li Longji / Emperor Xuanzong of Tang
Gave up the chance of becoming Crown prince to his younger brother, Li Longji
Support Emperor Xuanzong of Tang of trying to stopping Princess Taiping's power from growing in the palace court.
Mary Hon
韩马利 Chou Yu Yin
Consort of Emperor Ruizong → Consort Dowager
Resentment toward Emperor Ruizong for being adandoned by the royal family along with her daughter who died of illness develop during their exiled.
Returned to the palace for revenge.
Slowly poison Wong Fong Mei to her death after her assassination attempt.
Killed by Emperor Ruizong in self-defense when she tries to assassinate him during her confession about her crimes and reason behind it in episode 31.
Rosanne Lui
Wong Fong Mei
Consort of Emperor Ruizong → Consort Dowager
Develop mental illness after her assassination attempt, later revealed to be a side effect of being poison by Yu Yin.
Pass away in episode 29
Savio Tsang
Mau Yau Kei
Princess Taiping 's second and current husband
Executed by Emperor Ruizong when he willingly become the scapegoat of Princess Taiping's crime of abusing and torturing a maid for twenty years due to a personal vendatta in episode 8.
International broadcast[edit]
Region
Network
Dates
Notes
Singapore VV Drama 1 August 2018 - Present Dubbed With Mandarin
See also[edit]
Beyond the Realm of Conscience
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://ent.people.com.cn/n1/2016/1129/c1012-28905957.html
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First line-up
Come Home Love: Lo and Behold
Second line-up
My Ages Apart
The Forgotten Valley
Watch Out, Boss
Birth of a Hero
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Deep in the Realm of Conscience
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Heart and Greed
Infernal Affairs
Apple-colada
Stealing Seconds
Flying Tiger
Succession War
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Weekend
Come with Me
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text:
Dog Sees God: Confessions of a Teenage Blockhead
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Dog Sees God: Confessions of a Teenage Blockhead
Written by
Bert V. Royal
Characters
CB
CB's Sister
Van
Matt
Beethoven
Tricia York
Marcy
Van's Sister
Date premiered
August 2004
Place premiered
Soho Playhouse as part of FringeNYC
Original language
English
Subject
Imagining characters from the comic strip Peanuts as teenagers
Genre
Drama, satire
Dog Sees God: Confessions of a Teenage Blockhead is a play written by Bert V. Royal.
An "unauthorized parody," the play imagines characters from the popular comic strip Peanuts as degenerate teenagers. Drug use, child sexual abuse, suicide, eating disorders, teen violence, rebellion, sexual relations and identity are among the issues covered in this parody of the works of Charles M. Schulz. The show cleverly disguises the identity of each character, so that the issues of the play draw more focus than attempting to guess "who's who". However, the use of these famous characters is what gives the show its emotional punch: even these beloved child characters must some day grow up and deal with a harsh reality as they find their place in the world.
Contents
[hide]
1 Characters
2 Synopsis
3 Intellectual property issues
4 Development history
5 Awards
6 Sequel
7 References
8 External links
Characters[edit]
CB (Charlie Brown) is the main character in the play. He is intensely saddened over the death of his dog, and is forced to question both his sexuality, and his social status when he unwittingly falls for his classmate Beethoven.
CB's Sister (Sally) has gone goth, at least for a portion of the play. It is mentioned that, like her character basis, she changes her philosophy on life often. Her other personas during the course of the play are scripted as thug (called "gansta-bitch" in the script), and hippie.
Van (Linus), always the philosopher in childhood, is now a pothead with a worldview to match. He repeatedly attempts to pursue a sexual relationship with CB's Sister.
Matt (Pig-Pen) is a pathological germophobe whose dirtiness has been internalized - he's sex-obsessed and homophobic, and terrorizes Beethoven mercilessly. He is also a football player, and is CB's best friend.
Beethoven (Schroeder) became the school outcast prior to events in the play when it was revealed that he was sexually abused by his father. A bit of a recluse, Beethoven takes solace in playing the piano, but when he and CB become romantically involved, his world is turned upside down.
Tricia (Peppermint Patty), a party girl, who professes herself to be "Pretty" and "Popular". Though never spoken outright in the play, the general consensus is that her last name is York.
Marcy (Marcie), a party girl and Tricia's sidekick. She has a threesome with Tricia and Matt during the play.
Van's Sister (Lucy) has been institutionalized for setting the Little Red-Haired Girl's hair on fire.
Pen Pal does not appear in person, but has a key part in the play. This character additionally alludes to being a representation of God; he/she/it has a clear picture of an afterlife and signs letters with the initials CS (Charles Schulz).
Frieda is the only original character to have her name kept the same. Although unseen, she is referred to numerous times as having an eating disorder; Tricia hates her and openly comments on her weight, while Van thinks that she's actually too skinny.
Synopsis[edit]
CB and CB's sister have a funeral for their dog, who recently contracted rabies and was put down after killing "a little yellow bird" (implied to be Woodstock) and nearly biting CB. Unfortunately, the funeral ends in failure as they argue over who should say a prayer for him. CB then goes to see his pothead friend Van, asking where people go when they die. Van, who claims to be Buddhist, says that spirits either dissolve away or get reincarnated. The next day at school CB asks his friend Matt where we go when we die. Matt gives him a more detailed explanation, proposing that when we die we return to a vagina, similar to being born, although the vagina does not belong to our mother. Beethoven walks by and Matt calls him a fag.
At lunch Marcy and Tricia tell their friends about an upcoming party at Marcy's house. The two are clearly drunk and debate about the "Spork". Matt is disgusted by all the germs. CB goes to Beethoven's practice room to listen to his music. CB then monologues over his dead dog which irritates Beethoven that in return, Beethoven tells CB about how he can't go through his day without someone bullying him in some sort, and tells CB that "messing around with me" means teasing and other sorts. CB makes a truce with Beethoven to reestablish their friendship. CB sits next to Beethoven while he plays, and then CB kisses Beethoven.
At the party, Matt calls Beethoven a fag again. CB comes to Beethoven's defense and kisses him again, this time in front of everyone. Outside, Beethoven demands an explanation of what happened. CB says he wanted to do that and in return, Beethoven kisses CB. A few days later, Matt, Tricia, Marcy and Van eat lunch together, and are all stunned at what happened. Matt vows to make Beethoven pay for "messing with [his] best friend's head". CB goes to visit Van's sister, who was institutionalized for setting the Little Red-Haired Girl's hair on fire. CB tells her the whole story, also revealing that he and Beethoven had sex after the party.
The next day Matt, Tricia, Marcy and Van discuss how Matt has repressed homosexual feelings for CB and that Tricia bullies Frieda because she is jealous of Frieda. CB goes to see Beethoven and the two argue over whether or not they should be in a relationship. CB leaves disappointed. Matt enters and While Beethoven is practicing, Matt comes in and harasses him for being in love with CB. Matt tells him to stay away from CB, or else. Beethoven says no and calls him by his old nickname, Pigpen. It is also said that Beethoven realizes Matt's "secret" which may be an implication that Matt is a closeted homosexual. This angers Matt, who slams the piano top, breaking Beethoven's hands. Later on, the group has a talk about Beethoven, who committed suicide (Matt, meanwhile, was suspended from school for a week). CB is angered by this and berates them for not having any sympathy for him all these years. Later on, CB gets a letter from his pen pal. In the letter he tells him that he must keep strong, even in rough times. The letter mentions a boy "who plays piano just like [CB's] friend" moved in near the pen pal, and mentions that "he's had a tough life, but things are better for him, now.", and that he found a dog who likes to sing along to the piano (like CB's dog did, alluding that Beethoven is now caring for CB's dog in the afterlife). CB cries over the letter, as it meant so much to his friend, dog, and himself. The letter is signed 'CS', an allusion to Peanuts creator Charles M. Schulz.
Intellectual property issues[edit]
Prominently advertised as a parody and including language indicating that the production has not been authorized or approved by United Features Syndicate or the estate of Charles M. Schulz in all materials, Dog Sees God has used First Amendment principles to avoid legal entanglement.
Development history[edit]
Dog Sees God was first presented as a reading on May 3, 2004, at the Barrow Street Theatre. It was directed by Anthony Barrile and produced by Sorrel Tomlinson. The cast was as follows:
Alexander Chaplin as CB
Karen DiConcetto as CB's Sister
Daniel Franzese as Van
Marcus Chait as Matt
Daniel Letterle as Beethoven
Mary Catherine Garrison as Tricia
Melissa Picarello as Marcy
Jennifer Esposito as Van's Sister
Dog Sees God had its world premiere at the 2004 New York International Fringe Festival.[1] It was presented at the SoHo Playhouse. It was directed by Susan W. Lovell and produced by Sorrel Tomilinson/File 14 Productions. The cast was as follows:
Michael Gladis as CB
Karen DiConcetto as CB's Sister
Tate Ellington as Van
Jay Sullivan as Matt
Benjamin Schrader as Beethoven
Bridget Barkan as Tricia
Stelianie Tekmitchov as Marcy
Melissa Picarello as Van's Sister
Understudies: Clay Black, Andrew Fleischer
The production was extended for two weeks and Daniel Franzese assumed the role of Van
Dog Sees God had another reading on May 9, 2005, at the Westside Theater. It was directed by Trip Cullman and produced by DeDe Harris and Sorrel Tomlinson. The cast was as follows:
Patrick Fugit as CB
Alison Pill as CB's Sister
John Gallagher Jr. as Van
Mark Webber as Matt
Logan Marshall Green as Beethoven
Michelle Trachtenberg as Tricia
Anna Paquin as Marcy
Carly Jibson as Van's Sister
Dog Sees God received its Off-Broadway premiere by Martian Entertainment and Dede Harris at the Century Center for the Performing Arts, opening on December 15, 2005. Presented by Bert V. Royal, the play was directed by the Trip Cullman; the set design was by David Korins; the costume design was by Jenny Mannis; the lighting design was by Brian MacDevitt; the sound design was by Darron L. West; the general manager was Roy Gabay; the production stage manager was Lori Ann Zepp; the assistant stage manager was Tammy Scozzafava; and the production manager was Randall Etheredge.
The cast was as follows.
Eddie Kaye Thomas as CB
America Ferrera as CB's Sister
Logan Marshall-Green as Beethoven
Ian Somerhalder as Matt
Keith Nobbs as Van
Kelli Garner as Tricia
Ari Graynor as Marcy
Eliza Dushku as Van's Sister
When Dushku (of Buffy the Vampire Slayer fame) quit in February 2006 along with several other members of the cast, attempts were made to tie their leaving to a lawsuit between the producers.[2] Charges of abuse against one of the producers were later dismissed as "plainly devoid of merit and undertaken as a vindictive campaign to harass".[3][4]
The Los Angeles premiere of the play was presented by the Havok Theatre Company and ran from June 7 - July 20, 2008 at the Hudson Backstage Theatre. It was directed by Nick DeGruccio.
The Los Angeles cast was as follows.
Joseph Porter as CB
Andrea Bowen as CB's Sister
Erin Dinsmore as Van
Wyatt Fenner as Beethoven
Christine Lakin as Tricia
Lauren Robyne as Marcy
Nick Ballard as Matt
Megan McNulty as Van's Sister
Christine Lakin won an LA Weekly Theatre Award for Best Female Comedy Performance.
The UK Premiere Production took place at Taurus Bar on Manchester's famous Canal Street in March 2008 thanks to author Bert V Royal helping them secure the UK rights which at that time did not exist (After this production the UK rights were set up). The show was a sell out and quickly transferred to the larger venue The Lowry in January 2009. The production gained rave reviews and now looks set to move in to return in 2012. The play was produced by Award Nominated Vertigo Theatre Productions and directed by Craig Hepworth.
The UK Cast was as follows
Rick Carter as CB
Craig Hepworth as Beethoven
Abby Simmons as CB's Sister
Greg Kelly as Matt
Emma Salt as Marcy
Adele Stanhope as Tricia
Stuart Reeve as Van
Emma Willcox as Van's Sister
For The Lowry production Greg Kelly and Abby Simmons were replaced with Mike Gates and Louise allen due to scheduling conflicts. Dog Sees God will get a 3rd outing by Vertigo in 2012 with a mix of original UK cast members and new cast members. The show will again be directed by Craig Hepworth as well as Adele Stanhope.
The Canadian Premiere Production took place at Six Degrees in Toronto, ON in March 2009 produced by Michael Rubinoff and Lindsay Rosen. The show was directed by Lezlie Wade, with set and costume design by Jessica Poirier-Chang and Lighting by Renee Brode. The Toronto Star gave it a 3 1/2 out of 4 star review saying, ''What seems to be a comedic deconstruction of the famous Peanuts cartoon characters turns out to be one of the most interesting and moving plays I've seen this year, with some absolutely stunning performances. Director Lezlie Wade manages the transition skilfully and, by the end, there were totally unexpected tears rolling down my face."[5]
The Canadian cast was as follows:
Jake Epstein as "CB"
Ben Lewis as "Beethoven"
Mike Lobel as "Matt"
Adamo Ruggiero as "Van"
Tatiana Maslany as "CB's Sis"
Sibohan Murphy as "Tricia"
Alex Saslove as "Marcy"
Paula Brancati as "Van's Sister"
Lindsay Clark was a female swing.
Awards[edit]
In 2004 it was one of the breakout hits at the New York International Fringe Festival, winning the Excellence Award for Best Overall Production, as well as Theatermania's Play Award of 2004, the GLAAD Media Award for Best Off-Off-Broadway production, Broadway.com's 2006 Audience Award for Favorite Off-Broadway Production and the 2006 HX Award for Best Play.
Sequel[edit]
On July 24, 2014, it was announced on the official Facebook page that a sequel to the play was in the works. This sequel will focus on Matt, and will be titled "The Gospel According to Matt: Confessions of a Teenage Dirtbag". [6]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Playbill News: Bigfoot, Dog, Dixie, Mormon and Bicycle Men Fare Well as FringeNYC Bids Farewell, Aug. 29 Archived June 26, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Harris, Paul (February 19, 2006). "Turning tables on the casting couch". London: Guardian Unlimited. Retrieved 2007-12-04.
Jump up ^ Robertson, Campbell (July 18, 2006). "Arts, Briefly; Lawsuit Against Producer Is Dismissed". The New York Times. Retrieved May 1, 2010.
Jump up ^ Hit With Sanctions Over Meritless Suit Against Tony-Winning Producer
Jump up ^ "Dog Sees God is as lovable as Snoopy". The Toronto Star.
Jump up ^ Facebook
External links[edit]
Dog Sees God: Confessions of a Teenage Blockhead from Dramatists Play Service
Review of the play from Variety
Review of the play from the New York Times
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