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Advisory board
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"Advisory group" redirects here. For the commercial, for-profit, public enterprise, see Advisory Board Company.
Wikimedia advisory board meeting, Taipei, 2007
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An advisory board is a body that provides non-binding strategic advice to the management of a corporation, organization, or foundation. The informal nature of an advisory board gives greater flexibility in structure and management compared to the Board of Directors. Unlike the Board of Directors, the advisory board does not have authority to vote on corporate matters or bear legal fiduciary responsibilities. Many new or small businesses choose to have advisory boards in order to benefit from the knowledge of others, without the expense or formality of the Board of Directors.
Contents
[hide]
1 Function
1.1 Roles and responsibilities of advisory board members[3]
2 Reasons for creating an advisory board
3 Creating and operating an advisory board
3.1 Mandate
3.2 Focus
3.3 Size
3.4 Meeting organization and frequency
3.5 Term of membership
3.6 Compensation
4 Benefits and drawbacks
4.1 Benefits of an advisory board
4.2 Drawbacks of an advisory board
5 Examples of advisory boards
5.1 Science Advisory Board
5.2 Medical Advisory Board
5.3 Technical Advisory Board
5.4 Editorial Advisory Board
5.5 Citizen Advisory Board
5.6 Energy Advisory Board
6 Startup advisory service
7 References
8 External links
Function[edit]
The function of an advisory board is to offer assistance to enterprises with anything from marketing to managing human resources to influencing the direction of regulators. Advisory boards are composed of accomplished experts offering innovative advice and dynamic perspectives.[1] Meeting quarterly or biannually, boards can provide strategic direction, guide quality improvement, and assess program effectiveness.[2]
Entrepreneurs, especially from startup companies or small business may not want to dilute their control of their business by establishing a board of directors with formal responsibilities and authorities. Thus, an advisory board may be a more suitable solution to entrepreneurs who want access to high-quality advice and network in the industry. Advisory board, as an external group, could also provide non-biased information and advice to entrepreneurs.
Roles and responsibilities of advisory board members[3][edit]
developing an understanding of the business, market and industry trends
provide “wise counsel” on issues raised by owners/directors or management
provide unbiased insights and ideas from a third point-of-view (not involved in the operation of the business)
encourage and support the exploration of new business ideas
act as a resource for executives
provide social networking platform for directors and the company
encourage the development of a governance framework that enable sustainable growth of the company
monitor business performance
impose challenges to directors and management that could improve the business
Reasons for creating an advisory board[edit]
The main reason to create an advisory board is to seek expertise outside of the company. Advisory board members should provide the company with knowledge, understanding and strategic thinking of the industry or management of the company.
Companies should seek advisory board members whose qualities complement the existing board of directors and not mask gaps in knowledge or skill in the main board. An advisory board strengthens the existing board, but does not interfere with authorities of the existing board. The former editor of The Economist, also an advisory board member, once said, “They (advisory boards) are there to give focus to or sometimes challenge research and intelligence work being done in the company, thus avoiding groupthink and giving direction on big picture issues.”.[4]
Creating and operating an advisory board[edit]
There are two key questions to be asked when creating and operating an advisory board. The first question is who is trying to achieve what from an advisory board. The second question is how the business of the board should be conducted. The following issues need to be addressed.
Mandate[edit]
The type of advisory board members should be determined by the nature of what is sought and expected from them by the enterprise. Advisory board members should have distinctive knowledge on different aspects of business such as marketing, product development, sales techniques that are of use to the directors.
A lack of definition in “what is sought from the advisory board” or “what sort of advice is to be sought of” would lead to a disorganized board, which eventually could lead to an advisory board that provide less value per dollar or hour invested than a well-mandated one. Eventually, it could result in a waste of resources and time for the enterprise and the advisory board members.
Focus[edit]
The advisory board must determine what the focus of the committee is, whether it is a broad focus or a narrow one on a specific product feature. Individuals in an advisory board should share a common goal or similar interests.
For example, Algorithmics Incorporated, a company acquired by IBM in 2011, provides risk software solutions. Employees in Algorithmics specialize in software development, mathematics, financial engineering and risk analytics. Algorithmics expanded the breath of advice beyond its nine-member board of directors and built an advisory board that focused on the benefit of customer and potential customer input on product and market direction. Advisory board members include executives charged with enterprise risk management responsibility, who would compete against each other, but share an interest in providing suitable risk management underpinnings to their business. This common interest help ensure that the advisory board would be committed and pleased to meet with the CEO of Algorithmics.
Size[edit]
Size of an advisory board influences the efficiency of delivering ongoing information and effectiveness of organizing board meetings. A large advisory board may result in managerial issues. Therefore, if is recommended an advisory board to begin with the advisory board leader, and grow from a fairly small size to its ultimate number. Group dynamics suggests the maximum size for an advisory board is eight members, which takes into account of the need for enterprise people and other facilitators at meetings. Some advisory board’s mandate may require more significant representation of a specific and large number of constituencies.
Meeting organization and frequency[edit]
The functioning of an advisory board is affected significantly by how effectively the group’s activities are organized and directed. A fixed meeting should be held regularly (monthly, annually or other) and advisory board members must be well informed of the purpose and background information of the meeting in order for them to provide valuable advice.
A corollary should be provided to advisory board members, in which it should be of an appropriate length, organized, comprehensible and informative. While it should be concise, it should provide enough details to provide advisory board members a suitable foundation for them to advise on the business. Confidentiality of the information discussed in the meeting shall be considered.
A skilled facilitator, administrator or corporate secretary is required to organize schedules of advisory board meetings and meeting materials. The facilitator or chair of the board should be committed and aware of time management for the meeting. An agenda could improve the organization and time management for the meeting.
Term of membership[edit]
Advisory board members could be appointed to specific terms i.e. one, two or three years so that it ensures them to actively commit to the company and prevent them to get too comfortable with their positions. Term of membership is also important when it comes to expansion of the board; term of membership ensures that the size of the advisory board remains efficient and manageable.
Compensation[edit]
Advisory board members serve an enterprise for a range of reasons, from personal loyalty to direct compensation. Compensations are important as they give incentives to advisory board members to commit to the enterprise and give quality advice.
For example, the director of Lorus Therapeutics Inc., Reiter,[5] had described the compensations of members serving on the Lorus advisory committee. Some of the compensations include:
the interests of science; Lorus engages in research and development involving virulent cancers, attracting members who conduct similar research
prestige, camaraderie and personal networking benefits
personal favour; friends and close colleagues of Lorus executives are asked to join the committee
cash or stock paid back for their advisory board services
Benefits and drawbacks[edit]
Benefits of an advisory board[edit]
The benefits of having an advisory board over director of board may include the following:
Distance Control
Multinational companies have local companies running their business in a particular foreign jurisdiction for lower costs e.g. tax, price of raw materials, and organizational benefits. However, giving authority to an outside group of directors in the local company may increase risks and instability of the multinational corporation. Since an advisory board can operate in a different location, with different cultural and business norms, in a different language, multinational companies may choose to have an advisory board instead of a localized board of directors in order to avoid loss of control.
Preparation for Board of Directors
Companies may choose to have an advisory board before they have a board of directors. The development of an effective board of director requires a group of individuals with good chemistry and has the combination of appropriate skills to propel the business. Having an advisory board allows companies assess the commitments and capabilities of each individuals and observe the chemistry between them before appointing them to a board of directors.
Higher efficiency
A large board of directors may grow to an unmanageable size where organizational complexity and communication breakdown may occur, leading to ineffective and inefficient function of the board. A smaller advisory board, without the complexity of authority involved in board of directors, may work more effectively compared to a board of directors that grows in size as the corporation grows.
Formal advice
The complexity and speed of enterprises often make it difficult to seek advice on any particular topic. Enterprises may also find building trust in any person or group to provide on-going and meaningful guidance difficult. An advisory board can then provide the degree of consistency, longevity and background knowledge as advisory board members provide reliable advice on particular issues. Advisory board members receive compensation for committing to their positions. This gives incentives to advisory board members to provide quality advice and ensure that a request for assistance is taken formally.
Less Pressure on Executives
Executives can express partially defined or tentative view to an advisory board since advisory board’s sole purpose is to provide advice. This allows them to “test-drive options” before they face the board of directors which demands definitive and assertive business decisions. The board of directors assesses the CEO and establishes his or her compensation. While an advisory board may induce change in the company for the benefits of the company, a board of directors inducing change in the company could suggest a lack of confidence in the senior management team. This imposes great pressure on senior executives and could become a barrier for senior executives to express their issues and seek advice from the board. Thus, an advisory board could be a ‘safe harbor’ for senior executives to seek advice and test business options.
Focused Input
An enterprise may need advice on a particular aspect of its business (such as marketing, product direction, customer service or contact network expansion). While board of directors need to take into account of all aspects and go through a series of administrative proceedings e.g. formal approvals, ratification, an advisory board can focus directly on a particular issue and give advice.
Drawbacks of an advisory board[edit]
The drawbacks of having an advisory board instead of a board of directors may include the following:
Less compensation
An advisory board deals with a more narrow range of issues and meet less often than board of directors. There is less commitment for advisory board members compared to directors in the board. This is reflected in the lower compensation advisory board members receive as compared to those in the board of directors. Nevertheless, the compensation for advisory board members depends on various factors, including return of investments, time, organization and cost.
Fiduciary duty/ liability issues
Board of directors is exposed to a variety of legislated liabilities, fiduciary and other duties. Responsibilities include unpaid wages, unpaid taxes, environmental damage, etc. By subjecting directors to such liabilities and fiduciary, directors are forced to make decisions and establish policies in a way that minimizes risks. Whereas, an advisory board is not subjected to fiduciary duties or liabilities and therefore could influence the enterprise by providing risky advises.
Examples of advisory boards[edit]
Science Advisory Board[edit]
United States Environmental Protection Agency established SAB in 1978
An example of a scientific advisory board could be the EPA Science Advisory Board.[6]
EPA Science Advisory Board (SAB) is established in 1978. The Congress directed the United States Environmental Protection Agency to establish a science advisory board that provides scientific advice to the EPA Administrator.
Some of the roles of the SAB include:
review the quality and relevance of the scientific and technical information being used by the EPA or proposed as the basis for Agency regulations;
review EPA research programs and plans
provide science advice as requested by the EPA administrator
advise the agency on broad scientific matters
Medical Advisory Board[edit]
Howard Hughes Medical Institute at Janelia Farm Research Campus
An example of a medical advisory board could be the Medical Advisory Board of Howard Hughes Medical Institute,[7] which is composed of distinguished scientists and leaders of biomedical research institutions.
Some of the roles of MAB include:
Give advice on the long-range strategy of the Institute for achieving its mission to promote biomedical research and science education;
Proposals for new research programs, investigator competitions, and grants programs;
The scientific achievements and future potential of current investigators, including the evaluation of whether an investigator's term of appointment should be renewed;
Other matters concerning scientific programs and performance upon which the president requests advice and recommendations.
Technical Advisory Board[edit]
An example of a technical advisory board could be the Technical Advisory Board of the UK government.[8] TAB is an advisory non-departmental public body, sponsored by the Home Office.
Some roles of the TAB include:
advising the home secretary on whether the obligations imposed on communications service providers (CSPs) under the terms of Regulation of Investigatory Powers Act (RIPA) are reasonable.
Editorial Advisory Board[edit]
Cambridge Scholars Publishing, a publishing house that aims to promote knowledge and learning through the production and distribution of valuable academic works.
An example of an editorial advisory board could be the Editorial Advisory Board of Cambridge Scholars Publishing.[9]
Some roles of the EAB include:
advise on commissioning focus of Cambridge Scholars Publishing
improve on academic publishing
Citizen Advisory Board[edit]
An example of citizen advisory board could be the volunteer citizen advisory board of the American local government.[10] The purpose of the advisory board is to engage citizens in the democratic process. The main purpose of the advisory board is to provide judicious advice from a citizen perspective.
Some of the roles of a citizen advisory board include:
provide assistance to the legislative body when formulating public policy and help transform policy decisions into action
address issues of interest or conduct background work on technical or politically sensitive issues
serve as a way to build public consensus on controversial issues before elected officials make a decision
give the community a forum for discussion in greater depth than is possible before a legislative body
Energy Advisory Board[edit]
Secretary of Energy Ernest Moniz visits the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's Spallation Neutron Source instrument hall.
An example of energy advisory board could be the advisory board of Secretary of Energy.[11]
Some of the roles of SEAB include:
provide advice and recommendations to the Secretary of Energy on basic and applied research and development activities
provide advice on economic and national security policy
provide advice on operations of the Department of Energy
Startup advisory service[edit]
Business startups often need advisory service to guide them in setting up the business. Advisory service is different from advisory board, where advisory service only offers short-term guidance by payment, whereas advisory board is a body that offers long-term guidance and receives a variety of compensations.[12]
Startup Advisory Service may provide guidance in the following fields:
Structuring
There are many ways to set up a business. Advantages and disadvantages and consequences such as liability of proprietors, taxation and capital gains, have to be analyzed.[13]
Business plan design and development
Business plan is important not only for planning purposes, but also for obtaining banking funding or other credit arrangements. Startup advisory service could provide guidance to startup businesses on designing and developing a comprehensive business plan.[14]
Financial forecasting
Financial forecasting is important as it helps financial executives to prepare a budget, plan a strategy or set business goals. Financial forecasting helps startups to plan a suitable business model and guide business decisions at every level of the organization.[15]
Marketing strategy
Marketing strategy is important because it directly influences sales, reputation, branding and customer loyalty of a business. Startup advisors have the experience and network to develop a suitable marketing strategy for business.[16]
Banking and finance
A business may require loans, credit cards, bank accounts, merchant facilities, insurance, a superannuation fund, etc. While startup business may not have the knowledge to set up banking and finance, advisory services could provide them guidance in such area.
Advisory board recruiting and/or participation
Since startup advisory services a short-term guidance, a business may want to access long-term guidance and advice for specific business ideas, product development, and social network in the business. Some startup advisory services help startups to recruit advisory board members using their existing network with professionals.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Stautberg S, Green N. INNOVATION FROM THE OUTSIDE-IN: HOW A DESIGN ADVISORY BOARD DRIVES INNOVATION AT P&G [Internet]. 1st ed. 2014 [cited 22 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.partner-com.com/files/Design_Advisory_Board_022607.pdf
Jump up ^ Taylor, E., Marino, D. Rasor-Greenhalgh, S & Hudak, S. (2010). Navigating practice and academic change in collaborative partnership with a community advisory board. Journal of Allied Health, 39(3), 103-110.
Jump up ^ SME Business Owners/Directors The benefits of an advisory board – mentoring for growth [Internet]. 1st ed. Australian Institute of Company Directors; 2009 [cited 25 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.companydirectors.com.au/~/media/Resources/Director%20Resource%20Centre/Directorship%20in%20your%20organistation/00660_SME_FY_The_Benefits_of_an_Advisory%20Board_web.ashx
Jump up ^ Bottomley V, Bingham K, Thorning-Lund S, Slattery R. The Role of Advisory Boards - Who, what, why and how? [Internet]. 1st ed. Odgers Berndtson; 2014 [cited 25 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.odgersberndtson.co.uk/fileadmin/uploads/united-kingdom/Documents/K_I/The_Role_of_Advisory_Boards_-_Who__What__Why_and_How..pdf
Jump up ^ Reiter B. The role and value of an effective advisory board. Ivey Business Journal. 2003;:1--10.
Jump up ^ Yosemite.epa.gov. EPA Science Advisory Board (SAB) | US EPA [Internet]. 2014 [cited 25 October 2014]. Available from: http://yosemite.epa.gov/sab/sabpeople.nsf/WebCommittees/BOARD
Jump up ^ HHMI.org. Medical Advisory Board | Howard Hughes Medical Institute (HHMI) [Internet]. 2014 [cited 25 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.hhmi.org/about/leadership/medical-advisory-board
Jump up ^ Gov.uk. About - Technical Advisory Board - GOV.UK [Internet]. 2013 [cited 25 October 2014]. Available from: https://www.gov.uk/government/organisations/technical-advisory-board/about
Jump up ^ Cambridgescholars.com. Cambridge Scholars Publishing. Editorial Advisory Board [Internet]. 2014 [cited 25 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.cambridgescholars.com/t/AdvisoryBoard
Jump up ^ Merritt L, Doherty J. Local Government Citizen Advisory Boards [Internet]. 1st ed. Municipal Research and Services Center; 2014 [cited 26 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.mrsc.org/publications/lgcab08.pdf
Jump up ^ Energy.gov. Secretary of Energy Advisory Board [Internet]. 2014 [cited 27 October 2014]. Available from: http://energy.gov/seab/secretary-energy-advisory-board
Jump up ^ Ideamensch.com. Why Every Startup Needs An Advisory Board [Internet]. 2012 [cited 27 October 2014]. Available from: http://ideamensch.com/why-every-startup-needs-an-advisory-board/
Jump up ^ Dirigogroup.com.au. Startup Business Advisory | Dirigo Group [Internet]. 2014 [cited 27 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.dirigogroup.com.au/what-we-do/business-coaching-advisory-brisbane/startup-business-advisory-brisbane/
Jump up ^ Venturearchetypes.com. Startup CFO | Business Model Design & Development | Startup Advisory Board | Marketing Plans [Internet]. 2014 [cited 27 October 2014]. Available from: http://www.venturearchetypes.com/work/startup/startup-consulting-advisory-board.html
Jump up ^ Hansen F. The Role of Forecasting in Financial Planning | Corporate Finance content from Business Finance [Internet]. Businessfinancemag.com. 2014 [cited 27 October 2014]. Available from: http://businessfinancemag.com/corporate-finance/role-forecasting-financial-planning
Jump up ^ Lorette K. The Importance of Marketing for the Success of a Business [Internet]. Small Business - Chron.com. 2014 [cited 27 October 2014]. Available from: http://smallbusiness.chron.com/importance-marketing-success-business-589.html
External links[edit]
Ten Tips to Creating an Effective Advisory Board
How Startups Can Build Advisory Boards
Planning and Executing Excellent Advisory Boards
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Great North Run
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Great North Run
Date
September annually
Location
Newcastle upon Tyne to South Shields, England, UK
Event type
Road
Distance
Half marathon
Established
1981
Course records
58:56 (Martin Mathathi, 2011)
1:05:39 (Mary Keitany, 2014)
Official site
www.greatrun.org
The Great North Run (branded the Simplyhealth Great North Run for sponsorship purposes) is the largest half marathon in the world, taking place annually in North East England each September.[1] Participants run between Newcastle upon Tyne and South Shields. The run was devised by former Olympic 10,000 m bronze medallist and BBC Sport commentator Brendan Foster.
The first Great North Run was staged on 28 June 1981, when 12,000 runners participated. By 2011, the number of participants had risen to 54,000. For the first year it was advertised as a local fun run; nearly thirty years on it has become one of the biggest running events in the world, and the biggest in the UK. Only the Great Manchester Run and London Marathon come close to attracting similar numbers of athletes each year.
The 1992 edition of the race incorporated the 1st IAAF World Half Marathon Championships. Martin Mathathi holds the current men's course record with his run of 58:56 minutes in 2011. Mary Jepkosgei Keitany's women's course record of 65:39 minutes, was set in 2014. In 2017, Mo Farah became the first person to win the event four times consecutively.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Course
2 History
2.1 Events
3 Past winners
3.1 Wheelchair race
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Course[edit]
The Great North Run starts in Newcastle upon Tyne on the A167 road, on the edge of both the city centre and the Town Moor. The route heads east and south down the motorway section, around the eastern side of the city centre, then crosses the Tyne Bridge into Gateshead. It heads around the eastern side of Gateshead town centre, then at a roundabout turns east and heads down the A184 in the direction of Sunderland. After 3.5 miles, the route turns off the A184 and heads north-east towards South Shields. 2.5 miles later, the route reaches the southern side of Jarrow and it turns east down the A1300. The route passes through the south of South Shields (through Harton and Marsden) until it reaches the seafront just over 3.5 miles later, where it turns north up the A183. The last mile of the route runs along the seafront road to the finishing line at South Shields.[3]
History[edit]
The Great North Run is a mass participation event: two lines of runners merging near the one mile mark.
The run was devised by former Olympic 10,000 m bronze medallist and BBC Sport commentator Brendan Foster. Foster was inspired after running in the Round the Bays Race in New Zealand in 1979, and has built upon the Great North Run with a series of other Great Run road races.
The first Great North Run was staged on 28 June 1981, when 12,000 runners participated. By 2003, the number of participants had risen to 47,000. The 2011 event saw an announced field of 54,000. The number of finishers was 35,777 in 2007, the largest half marathon and the 13th largest running race that year.[4] In 2014, the event had 41,615 finishers, making it the largest half-marathon in the world as certified by Guinness World Records in 2016.[5]
For the first nine races, eight of them were held in June. Since 1990, the race has instead been held in the autumn, usually in September but occasionally in October instead.[6] Since 1990, the earliest date the race has been held on is 7 September (2014) and the latest is 22 October (2000). Bupa was the title partner of the Great North Run from the early 1990s until 2014, one of Britain’s longest ever sports sponsorship agreements. In 2015 Morrisons announced their sponsorship of the Great Run series.[7] In November 2015, the Great Run Company announced it was searching for a new title sponsor which includes the Great North Run. The 2016 Great North Run was the first staging of the event without a title sponsor.[8] Simplyhealth became the new lead sponsor for 2017.[9]
Events[edit]
2017 Great North Run finishers medal
The 2005 Great North Run was the twenty-fifth edition of the race. Events to mark the anniversary included the launch of the Great North Run Cultural Programme at the Sage Gateshead. The race was started by Mike McLeod, the winner of the inaugural race in 1981. During the race, four participants died en route to South Shields.[10] An inquest into the four deaths from 2005 began on Monday 5 June 2006 at Gateshead Council Chambers. In subsequent events, more emergency service personnel were brought in to ensure there was adequate cover.
In spite of increased medical provision at the 2006 race, a man in his twenties died.[11]
The 2007 Great North Run was held on 30 September and was started by former England and Newcastle United manager Sir Bobby Robson. Kara Goucher defeated Paula Radcliffe in an impressive victory for the American. Goucher's winning time was 1:06:57.
The 2008 Great North Run was held on 5 October and was started by former Prime Minister of the United Kingdom Tony Blair.
The 2009 Great North Run was held on 20 September and was started by the musician Sting.
The 2010 Great North Run was the 30th running of the event and was held on 19 September and was started by TV presenters Ant & Dec. The number of finishers (half marathon only) was 39,459.[12]
The 2011 Great North Run took place on the morning of Sunday, 18 September 2011. The race was started by World 5,000 metre champion Mo Farah.[13]
In 2013 the 33rd Great North Run had 56000 participants, most of whom were raising money for charity. The elite races had Olympic Gold Medalists and World Champion long distance runners participating including in the men's race, Mo Farah, Kenenisa Bekele and a regular supporter of the event, Haile Gebrselassie. Ethiopian Bekele won the men's event just ahead of Farah. Kenya's Priscah Jeptoo came first the women's race and multi Olympic Gold Medalist David Weir won the wheelchair event.[14]
In 2014 the 34th Great North Run had 57000 participants, celebrated the 1 millionth runner to cross the finish line, and was the first to have a British man win in 29 years. Mo Farah completed the race in exactly 1 hour, while Mary Keitany completed in 1:05:39 seconds - surpassing the previous course record of 1:05:40 by 1 second, a record held by Paula Radcliffe. Tracey Cramond, who was raising money for Butterwick Hospices, was the 1 millionth person to complete the run, stating she was "gobsmacked" and that it was her "moment of fame".[15][16] The Great North Run was the first International Athletics Association Event (IAAF) event in the world to reach such a milestone.
Past winners[edit]
Runners taking part in 2006
Paula Radcliffe and Kara Goucher heading the pack in the 2007 race
Key: Course record
Edition
Year
Men's winner
Time (h:m:s)
Women's winner
Time (h:m:s)
1st 1981 McLeod, MikeMike McLeod (GBR) 1:03:23 Goldhawk, KarenKaren Goldhawk (GBR) 1:17:36
2nd 1982 McLeod, MikeMike McLeod (GBR) 1:02:44 Lockley, MargaretMargaret Lockley (GBR) 1:19:24
3rd 1983 Lopes, CarlosCarlos Lopes (POR) 1:02:46 Barleycorn, JulieJulie Barleycorn (GBR) 1:16:39
4th 1984 Dahl, ØyvindØyvind Dahl (NOR) 1:04:36 Waitz, GreteGrete Waitz (NOR) 1:10:27
5th 1985 Kenyon, SteveSteve Kenyon (GBR) 1:02:44 Mota, RosaRosa Mota (POR) 1:09:54
6th 1986 Musyoki, MichaelMichael Musyoki (KEN) 1:00:43 Martin, LisaLisa Martin (AUS) 1:09:45
7th 1987 de Castella, RobertRobert de Castella (AUS) 1:02:04 Martin, LisaLisa Martin (AUS) 1:10:00
8th 1988 Treacy, JohnJohn Treacy (IRL) 1:01:00 Waitz, GreteGrete Waitz (NOR) 1:08:49
9th 1989 Nechchadi, El MostafaEl Mostafa Nechchadi (MAR) 1:02:39 Martin, LisaLisa Martin (AUS) 1:10:43
10th 1990 Moneghetti, SteveSteve Moneghetti (AUS) 1:00:34 Mota, RosaRosa Mota (POR) 1:09:33
11th 1991 Masya, BensonBenson Masya (KEN) 1:00:28 Kristiansen, IngridIngrid Kristiansen (NOR) 1:10:57
12th 1992 Masya, BensonBenson Masya (KEN) 1:00:24 McColgan, LizLiz McColgan (GBR) 1:08:53
13th 1993 Tanui, MosesMoses Tanui (KEN) 0:59:47 !59:47 Loroupe, TeglaTegla Loroupe (KEN) 1:12:55
14th 1994 Masya, BensonBenson Masya (KEN) 1:00:02 Munerotto, RosannaRosanna Munerotto (ITA) 1:11:29
15th 1995 Tanui, MosesMoses Tanui (KEN) 1:00:39 McColgan, LizLiz McColgan (GBR) 1:11:42
16th 1996 Masya, BensonBenson Masya (KEN) 1:01:43 McColgan, LizLiz McColgan (GBR) 1:10:28
17th 1997 Ramaala, HendrickHendrick Ramaala (RSA) 1:00:25 Subano, LuciaLucia Subano (KEN) 1:09:24
18th 1998 Thugwane, JosiaJosia Thugwane (RSA) 1:02:32 O'Sullivan, SoniaSonia O'Sullivan (IRL) 1:11:50
19th 1999 Mutai, JohnJohn Mutai (KEN) 1:00:52 Chepchumba, JoyceJoyce Chepchumba (KEN) 1:09:07
20th 2000 Baha Sulle, PhaustinPhaustin Baha Sulle (TAN) 1:01:57 Radcliffe, PaulaPaula Radcliffe (GBR) 1:07:07
21st 2001 Tergat, PaulPaul Tergat (KEN) 1:00:30 Chepkemei, SusanSusan Chepkemei (KEN) 1:08:40
22nd 2002 Kosgei, PaulPaul Kosgei (KEN) 0:59:58 !59:58 O'Sullivan, SoniaSonia O'Sullivan (IRL) 1:07:19
23rd 2003 Ramaala, HendrickHendrick Ramaala (RSA) 1:00:01 Radcliffe, PaulaPaula Radcliffe (GBR) 1:05:40
24th 2004 Berhanu, DejeneDejene Berhanu (ETH) 0:59:37 !59:37 Johnson, BenitaBenita Johnson (AUS) 1:07:55
25th 2005 Tadese, ZersenayZersenay Tadese (ERI) 0:59:05 !59:05 Tulu, DerartuDerartu Tulu (ETH) 1:07:33
26th 2006 Ramaala, HendrickHendrick Ramaala (RSA) 1:01:03 Adere, BerhaneBerhane Adere (ETH) 1:10:03
27th 2007 Lel, MartinMartin Lel (KEN) 1:00:08 Goucher, KaraKara Goucher (USA) 1:06:57
28th 2008 Kebede, TsegayeTsegaye Kebede (ETH) 0:59:45 !59:45 Wami, GeteGete Wami (ETH) 1:08:51
29th 2009 Lel, MartinMartin Lel (KEN) 0:59:32 !59:32 Augusto, JéssicaJéssica Augusto (POR) 1:09:08
30th 2010 Gebrselassie, HaileHaile Gebrselassie (ETH) 0:59:33 !59:33 Adere, BerhaneBerhane Adere (ETH) 1:08:49
31st 2011 Mathathi, MartinMartin Mathathi (KEN) 0:58:56 !58:56 Wangui, LucyLucy Wangui (KEN) 1:07:06
32nd 2012 Kipsang, WilsonWilson Kipsang (KEN) 0:59:06 !59:06 Dibaba, TiruneshTirunesh Dibaba (ETH) 1:07:35
33rd 2013 Bekele, KenenisaKenenisa Bekele (ETH) 1:00:09 Jeptoo, PriscahPriscah Jeptoo (KEN) 1:05:45
34th 2014 Farah, MoMo Farah (GBR) 1:00:00 Keitany, MaryMary Keitany (KEN) 1:05:39
35th 2015 Farah, MoMo Farah (GBR) 0:59:22 !59:22 Keitany, MaryMary Keitany (KEN) 1:07:32
36th 2016 Farah, MoMo Farah (GBR) 1:00:04 Cheruiyot, VivianVivian Cheruiyot (KEN) 1:07:54
37th 2017 Farah, MoMo Farah (GBR) 1:00:06 Keitany, MaryMary Keitany (KEN) 1:05:59
Wheelchair race[edit]
Course record
Edition
Year
Men's winner
Time (h:m:s)
Women's winner
Time (h:m:s)
1981 Robinson, AlanAlan Robinson (GBR) 1:28:54 — —
1982 Robinson, AlanAlan Robinson (GBR) 1:32:00 — —
1983 Grant, JohnJohn Grant (GBR) 1:17:16 Dodsworth, MariaMaria Dodsworth (GBR) 2:27:29
1984 Clark, TerryTerry Clark (GBR) 1:10:28 Hodgson, EllenEllen Hodgson (GBR) 2:50:42
1985 Tong, MarkMark Tong (GBR) 1:17:18 Graham, AnneAnne Graham (GBR) 2:26:53
1986 Hallam, ChrisChris Hallam (GBR) 1:01:15 Davidson, KarenKaren Davidson (GBR) 1:13:04
1987 Hallam, ChrisChris Hallam (GBR) 0:56:37 !56:37 Davidson, KarenKaren Davidson (GBR) 1:19:55
1988 Holding, DavidDavid Holding (GBR) 0:57:57 !57:57 Cichockyj, JosieJosie Cichockyj (GBR) 1:37:38
1989 Hallam, ChrisChris Hallam (GBR) 1:01:40 Dixon, EileenEileen Dixon (GBR) 2:06:54
1990 Hallam, ChrisChris Hallam (GBR) 0:56:32 !56:32 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 1:05:08
1991 Holding, DavidDavid Holding (GBR) 0:47:24 !47:24 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 1:00:22
1992 Holding, DavidDavid Holding (GBR) 0:50:21 !50:21 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 0:59:21 !59:21
1993 Newman, IvanIvan Newman (GBR) 0:54:11 !54:11 Hill, RoseRose Hill (GBR) 0:58:00 !58:00
1994 Holding, DavidDavid Holding (GBR) 0:50:33 !50:33 Hill, RoseRose Hill (GBR) 1:00:41
1995 McKenna, JackJack McKenna (GBR) 0:52:16 !52:16 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 0:58:44 !58:44
1996 Holding, DavidDavid Holding (GBR) 0:49:17 !49:17 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 0:57:17 !57:17
1997 Holding, DavidDavid Holding (GBR) 0:44:22 !44:22 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 0:52:17 !52:17
1998 Hadj Lahmar (GBR) 0:53:47 !53:47 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 1:10:58
1999 Hadj Lahmar (GBR) 0:49:57 !49:57 Grey-Thompson, TanniTanni Grey-Thompson (GBR) 1:02:32
2000 Papworth, KevinKevin Papworth (GBR) 0:49:18 !49:18 Piercey, SarahSarah Piercey (GBR) 1:13:32
2001 Patel, TusharTushar Patel (GBR) 0:48:10 !48:10 Wallengren, GunillaGunilla Wallengren (SWE) 0:52:59 !52:59
2002 Patel, TusharTushar Patel (GBR) 0:48:46 !48:46 Wallengren, GunillaGunilla Wallengren (SWE) 0:57:47 !57:47
2003 Weir, DavidDavid Weir (GBR) 0:45:41 !45:41 Wallengren, GunillaGunilla Wallengren (SWE) 0:53:04 !53:04
2004 Herriot, KennyKenny Herriot (GBR) 0:45:37 !45:37 Wallengren, GunillaGunilla Wallengren (SWE) 0:52:14 !52:14
2005 Weir, DavidDavid Weir (GBR) 0:42:33 !42:33 Woods, ShellyShelly Woods (GBR) 0:50:04 !50:04
2006 Fearnley, KurtKurt Fearnley (AUS) 0:42:39 !42:39 Roy, DianeDiane Roy (CAN) 0:50:33 !50:33
2007 van Dyk, ErnstErnst van Dyk (RSA) 0:42:35 !42:35 Woods, ShellyShelly Woods (GBR) 0:50:33 !50:33
2008 Cassidy, JoshJosh Cassidy (CAN) 0:44:10 !44:10 Roy, DianeDiane Roy (CAN) 0:51:18 !51:18
2009 Weir, DavidDavid Weir (GBR) 0:41:34 !41:34 McGrory, AmandaAmanda McGrory (USA) 0:49:47 !49:47
2010 Weir, DavidDavid Weir (GBR) 0:44:49 !44:49 Woods, ShellyShelly Woods (GBR) 0:52:59 !52:59
2011 Cassidy, JoshJosh Cassidy (CAN) 0:43:57 !43:57 Woods, ShellyShelly Woods (GBR) 0:50:14 !50:14
2012 Cassidy, JoshJosh Cassidy (CAN) 0:43:18 !43:18 Egan, JaneJane Egan (GBR) 1:15:00
2013 Weir, DavidDavid Weir (GBR) 0:43:06 !43:06 Woods, ShellyShelly Woods (GBR) 0:54:28 !54:28
2014 Madeira, JordiJordi Madeira (ESP) 0:43:02 !43:02 Woods, ShellyShelly Woods (GBR) 0:50:34 !50:34
2016 Telford, MarkMark Telford (GBR) 0:49:02 !49:02
2017 Lawson, SimonSimon Lawson (GBR) 0:44:22 !44:22 Schär, ManuelaManuela Schär (CHE) 0:48:44 !48:44
See also[edit]
Northeast of England
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Largest half marathon". Guinness World Records.
Jump up ^ "Great North Run: Mo Farah's fourth win equals record". BBC Sport. 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2017-09-10.
Jump up ^ Great North Route website
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 May 2008. Retrieved 29 June 2006. Running USA - RRIC World's Largest Races
Jump up ^ "Largest half marathon". Guinness World Records.
Jump up ^ "Great North Run 2015: Why next year's race has a later date". Evening Chronicle. 10 September 2014. Retrieved 29 March 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.greatrun.org/news/morrisons-to-become-new-great-run-series-sponsor [Retrieved on 2015-02-03].
Jump up ^ "Great Run Series Seeks New Title Sponsor". www.greatrun.org.
Jump up ^ "Simplyhealth steps in as Great North Run lead sponsor". BBC News. 6 January 2017. Retrieved 26 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Four men die in Great North Run, BBC News, 18 September 2005.
Jump up ^ Tragedy hits 26th Great North Run, BBC News report on the 29-year-old, unnamed Yorkshire man who died in the 2006 run.
Jump up ^ The highest overall position number for a runner, when searching the results on http://www.greatrun.org
Jump up ^ "BUPA Great North Run @ Newcastle – Gateshead, UK, 18th September 2011". Race-Calendar.com. 24 Hour Trading Ltd. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "Great North Run: Mo Farah narrowly beaten as thousands run". British Broadcasting Corp. 15 September 2013. Retrieved 18 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Great North Run: Thousands complete half-marathon". British Broadcasting Corp. 7 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Great North Run 2014: One millionth finisher crosses line". British Broadcasting Corp. 7 September 2014.
Results
Butler, Mark (2012-11-17). Great North Run Half Marathon. Association of Road Racing Statisticians. Retrieved on 2013-01-20.
History and Tradition. Great Run. Retrieved on 2013-01-20.
External links[edit]
Official website
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Open primaries in the United States
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An open primary is a primary election that does not require voters to be affiliated with a political party in order to vote for partisan candidates. In a traditional open primary, voters may select one party's ballot and vote for that party's nomination. As in a closed primary, the highest voted candidate in each party then proceeds to the general election. In a nonpartisan blanket primary, all candidates appear on the same ballot and the two highest voted candidates proceed to the runoff election, regardless of party affiliation. The constitutionality of this system was affirmed by the Supreme Court of the United States in 2008,[1] whereas a partisan blanket primary was previously ruled to be unconstitutional in 2000.[2] The arguments for open primaries are that voters can make independent choices, building consensus that the electoral process is not splintered or undermined by the presence of multiple political parties.
Contents
[hide]
1 Voter participation
2 Manipulation and dilution
3 Constitutional issues
4 California and Election Primary Alternatives
5 States with an open presidential primary
6 States with open primaries for other elections
7 Notes and references
Voter participation[edit]
The open primary could be seen as good for voter participation. First, the open primary allows nonpartisan or independent voters to participate in the nominating process.[3] If these voters are allowed to help select the nominees then they may be more likely to vote in the general election, since one of the candidates could be someone the non-partisan voter voted for. Also, a moderate member of one party may agree more with a candidate for the nomination of another party. This voter will have more of an incentive to participate in the general election if there is a nominee whom he or she agrees with.[3]
The open primary could also be viewed as bad for voter participation. Statistics show that voter participation in the United States was higher when people could only vote in the primary for their own party. In Hawaii, primary voter turnout fell from 74.6% in 1978 to 42.2% in 2006 after changing to open primaries which could be the result of many things—not just the move towards the open primary system.[4] The closed primary system had more of an incentive for people to join one of the major parties. This led to people being more involved in the voting process. With the open primary, some argue, more voters become independent and are less likely to participate in the nominating or election processes.[3]
Manipulation and dilution[edit]
Opponents of the open primary believe that the open primary leaves the party nominations vulnerable to manipulation and dilution. First, one party could organize its voters to vote in the other party's primary and choose the candidate that they most agree with or that they think their party could most easily defeat. Secondly, in the open primary moderates and independent voters can vote in either party. This occurrence may dilute the vote of a particular party and lead to a nominee who does not represent the views of his or her particular party.
For example, in the 2008 presidential primaries, exit polls say John McCain failed to win a single race among Republican voters, up to Super Tuesday, yet during that same period he went from also-ran to front runner, because most non-Republicans who crossed over voted for him. In New Hampshire, Mitt Romney won among registered Republicans, but John McCain won overall [1]. Likewise, in South Carolina, Mike Huckabee won among self-identified Republicans, but John McCain won the state [2].
Similarly, some Republican advocates called for Republicans to cross over and vote in the Democratic race, to help Barack Obama win, on the premise that Clinton had a better chance of beating their candidate. The Rush Limbaugh Show's "Operation Chaos" is the best known of these movements.
Constitutional issues[edit]
Opponents of the open primary argue that the open primary is unconstitutional. These opponents believe that the open primary law violates their freedom of association, because it forces them to allow outsiders to select their candidates. An opposing view is that political parties are not mentioned in the U.S. Constitution in any language, but voting rights of the individual are clearly defined.
Freedom of association has been recognized by the United States Supreme Court. First, in NAACP v. Alabama, the court said that “It is beyond debate that freedom to engage in association for the advancement of beliefs and ideas is an inseparable aspect of the "liberty" assured by the Due Process Clause of the Fifth and Fourteenth Amendment, which embraces freedom of speech.”[5]
In other words, the freedom of association is part of the freedom of speech. The freedom of speech, which is found in the First Amendment to the United States Constitution, is applied to the states through the fourteenth amendment. In Gitlow v. New York, Justice Sanford states that “[f]or present purposes we may and do assume that freedom of speech and of the press-which are protected by the First Amendment from abridgment by Congress-are among the fundamental personal rights and 'liberties' protected by the due process clause of the Fourteenth Amendment from impairment by the States.”[6]
This constitutionality raises a problem. The most popular alternative to the open primary is the closed primary. However, a mandatory closed primary can also be unconstitutional. In Tashjian v. Republican Party of Connecticut, the United States Supreme Court determined that Connecticut’s closed primary law was unconstitutional. The Connecticut closed primary law “[required] voters in any political party primary to be registered members of that party.”[7] The Republican Party of Connecticut, however, wanted to allow independents to vote in the Republican primary if they so chose. The problem with this closed primary law was that it prevented the Republican Party from allowing independent “registered voters not affiliated with any party to vote in Republican primaries for federal and statewide offices.”[7] Since the Republican Party of Connecticut was not able to choose who it wanted to vote in the primary, the United States Supreme Court, in a 5-4 decision, stated that the closed primary law in Connecticut “impermissibly burdens the right of the Party and its members protected by the First and Fourteenth Amendments.”[7]
On October 1, 2007, the U.S. Court of Appeals for the Fourth Circuit ruled that the Virginia mandatory open primary statute was unconstitutional as applied to the Republicans because it imposed a burden on their freedom to associate under the First Amendment, although it explicitly did not rule on the question of whether an open primary law was in general unconstitutional as a burden on association.[8]
California and Election Primary Alternatives[edit]
California has adopted a new modified open primary that only applies to office holders other than Presidential delegate selections.
A third alternative is the "modified closed primary", as has been in effect in California since 2001. In California's primary since 2011 the voters are allowed as individual citizens to vote for any candidate, and the top two candidates regardless of party will advance to the general election. The Presidential election is exempt as it is a contest for delegates rather than a direct election for an office.
Prior to the California election reform of 2011, each political party could decide whether or not they wish to allow unaffiliated voters to vote in their party's primary. This appears to avoid the constitutional concerns of both the open and the closed primary. In the 2004 and 2006 primary elections, the Republican, Democratic, and American Independent parties all opted to allow unaffiliated voters to request their party's ballot. However, since the 2008 presidential primary election, only the Democratic and American Independent parties took this option, while the Republican party did not.[9]
States with an open presidential primary[edit]
Alabama
Arkansas
Colorado
Georgia
Illinois
Indiana
Massachusetts (All races' primaries open for "unenrolled"/unaffiliated voters only)
Michigan
Mississippi
Missouri
Montana
New Hampshire
North Carolina (All races' primaries open for unaffiliated voters only)[10]
North Dakota
Ohio
Oklahoma (Only Democratic primary is open to Independent voters as of November 2015) [11]
Rhode Island
South Carolina
Tennessee
Texas
Vermont
Virginia
Wisconsin[12]
States with open primaries for other elections[edit]
The state of Arizona has open primaries for all elections except for presidential primaries.
A similar system known as a nonpartisan blanket primary has been used in Louisiana for state and local elections since 1976, and began to be used in Washington, after numerous court challenges, in 2008.
In California, under Proposition 14, a measure that easily passed, traditional party primaries were replaced in 2011 with wide-open elections. Proposition 14, known as the open primary measure, gave every voter the same ballot in primary elections for most state and federal races, except the presidential contest.[13][14]
Most primaries in New York are closed, but state law contains a provision allowing parties to use a different method if they want. Currently, only the Independence Party chooses to allow unaffiliated voters to participate.
Notes and references[edit]
Jump up ^ Washington State Grange v. Washington State Republican Party, 552 U.S. 442 (2008).
Jump up ^ California Democratic Party v. Jones, 530 U.S. 567 (2000).
^ Jump up to: a b c HeraldTribune.com - News - News stories about Sarasota, Manatee and Charlotte counties in Florida, from the newspapers of record. - HeraldTribune.com
Jump up ^ "Hawaii Democrats vote to keep open primary". Retrieved 2008-02-27.
Jump up ^ NAACP v. Alabama, http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?navby=volpage&court=us&vol=357&page=460#460
Jump up ^ Gitlow v. New York, http://caselaw.lp.findlaw.com/cgi-bin/getcase.pl?court=us&vol=268&invol=652
^ Jump up to: a b c Tashjian v. Republican Party of Connecticut December 10, 1986. 479 U.S. 208.
Jump up ^ Miller v. Brown
Jump up ^ California Secretary of State, http://www.sos.ca.gov/elections/npp.htm
Jump up ^ "Who can vote in which elections?". NC Voter (.org). Retrieved 2016-04-20.
Jump up ^ KFOR.com - Oklahoma Independent voters now allowed to vote in Democratic Primary
Jump up ^ "Primaries: Open and Closed". FairVote. February 2008. Retrieved 2016-03-21.
Jump up ^ McKinley, Jesse (June 9, 2010). "Calif. Voting Change Could Signal Big Political Shift". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ Buchanan, Wyatt; Jones, Carolyn (August 8, 2010). "Voters approve Prop. 14, open primary measure". The San Francisco Chronicle.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Open_primaries_in_the_United_States&oldid=793968501"
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Counting Bodies Like Sheep to the Rhythm of the War Drums
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"Counting Bodies Like Sheep to the Rhythm of the War Drums"
Front Cover of the single
Promotional single by A Perfect Circle
from the album eMOTIVe
Released
September 28, 2004
Format
CD
Genre
Industrial rock
Length
5:36
Label
Virgin
Songwriter(s)
Maynard James Keenan, Billy Howerdel
Producer(s)
A Perfect Circle
"Counting Bodies Like Sheep to the Rhythm of the War Drums" is a promotional single by the American rock band A Perfect Circle, off of their third studio album Emotive. While the album primarily consists of cover songs, the track, along with the song lead single "Passive", were the only two original recordings.[1] Containing many lyrical similarities with the track "Pet", from the previous album, Thirteenth Step, lead singer and lyricist Maynard James Keenan described the track as a continuation of the song.[2] While the former refers to addiction, "Counting Bodies" focuses on political agendas. Mixed by Danny Lohner, the music is completely electronic and without any guitars.[citation needed] The song was used in numerous trailers and TV spots for movies, TV shows and video games including Fantastic Four, The Taking of Pelham 123, Rage,[3] Missing, Gotham and House of Cards (U.S. TV series) in addition to the promo for UFC 167: St-Pierre vs Hendricks PPV.
Contents
[hide]
1 Music video
2 Track listing
3 In popular culture
4 References
5 External links
Music video[edit]
The video of "Counting Bodies Like Sheep to the Rhythm of the War Drums" is an animated video, which deals with a political topic. The video begins with the classic peace symbol falling apart and falling from view. An oil derrick starts to turn, as blood slowly drips down the screen. In the next scene, a young boy climbing down from a tree meets a man who appears to be U.S. President George W. Bush riding a horse. The horse excretes a small television, and trots away. The boy sits down and watches the TV, and slowly turns into a sheep, as a plane flies behind and drops bombs in the background. Next, Bush walks into a classroom, carrying a small television. He places it down on the teacher's desk, and destroys the student's books. The video continues on in this manner until halfway through, when we see Bush sailing on a sea of blood. He enters a city dressed as a Roman Emperor and riding a sheep-driven chariot. After a moment, he then appears in a tank. As he progresses through the city, televisions fall out of windows, forming a sort of road for Bush.
He then begins to march through the area, with a brigade of sheep following him. Televisions begin to form a high-walled corridor. As the sheep continue to march, one turns around, stands up, and begins to climb the wall of televisions. As the sheep nears the top, another sheep stands up and marks him with an 'S' at the same time the word "Sedition" is displayed on the televisions making up the wall. An arm with a Republican elephant marked on it appears from the clouds, picks up the branded sheep, and throws him into a meat grinder. The animal emerges as a designer coat, and is then worn by a celebrity. In the next scene, two sheep stand up, and begin to kick down the television wall. These two sheep are then marked with the 'S' sign, and are impaled by two flags, marked 'Traitor'. The rest of the brigade follow Bush to a cliff, where he directs them over the edge into a blazing fire. George Bush's face then turns towards the viewer, alluding to hypnotizing the viewer as well.
Track listing[edit]
"Counting Bodies Like Sheep to the Rhythm of the War Drums" - 5:36
In popular culture[edit]
The track was used in the trailer for Season 3 of the Netflix original series House of Cards.[citation needed] It was also used in The Taking of Pelham 123.[citation needed]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Political perfect-ion!". NME. 2004-10-21. Retrieved 2008-02-01.
Jump up ^ aMOTION DVD commentary, Maynard James Keenan[time needed]
Jump up ^ Rage: Launch Trailer - IGN.com
External links[edit]
Official Video
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[hide]
v
t
e
A Perfect Circle
Billy Howerdel
Maynard James Keenan
James Iha
Matt McJunkins
Jeff Friedl
Tim Alexander
Troy Van Leeuwen
Paz Lenchantin
Josh Freese
Danny Lohner
Jeordie White
Studio albums
Mer de Noms
Thirteenth Step
Emotive
Compilations
Amotion
Three Sixty
Box sets
A Perfect Circle Live: Featuring Stone and Echo
Singles
"Judith"
"3 Libras"
"The Hollow"
"Weak and Powerless"
"The Outsider"
"Blue"
"Counting Bodies Like Sheep to the Rhythm of the War Drums"
"Imagine"
"Passive"
"By and Down"
Related articles
Discography
Ashes Divide
Puscifer
Tapeworm
Tool
Nine Inch Nails
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Counting_Bodies_Like_Sheep_to_the_Rhythm_of_the_War_Drums&oldid=751365049"
Categories:
2004 singles
Anti-war songs
Political songs
A Perfect Circle songs
Songs written by Maynard James Keenan
Songs written by Billy Howerdel
2004 songs
Virgin Records singles
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This page was last edited on 25 November 2016, at 05:20.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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