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The Windmills of Your Mind
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This article is about the song. For the album by Paul Motian, see The Windmills of Your Mind (album). For the album by Bud Shank, see Windmills of Your Mind (album).
"The Windmills of Your Mind" is a song with music by French composer Michel Legrand and English lyrics written by Americans Alan and Marilyn Bergman. The melody was inspired by the theme of Mozart's second movement of his Sinfonia Concertante. The French lyrics, under the title "Les Moulins de mon cœur", were written by Eddy Marnay. The song (with the English lyrics) was introduced in the film The Thomas Crown Affair (1968).[1] Winner of the Academy Award for Best Original Song in 1968,[1] "Windmills of Your Mind " was in 2004 ranked at no. 57 in AFI's 100 Years...100 Songs survey of top tunes in American cinema. A remake by Sting was utilized in the 1999 remake of The Thomas Crown Affair.
Contents
[hide]
1 Composition/original recording
2 Dusty Springfield version
3 José Feliciano version
4 Other versions
4.1 In English
4.2 In French: "Les Moulins de mon cœur"
4.3 In other languages
5 References
Composition/original recording[edit]
In the original 1968 film The Thomas Crown Affair, the song is heard – sung by Noel Harrison – during opening credits; and, during the film, in a scene in which the character Thomas Crown flies a glider at the glider airport in Salem, New Hampshire: having edited the rough cut for this scene utilizing the Beatles track "Strawberry Fields Forever" producer/director Norman Jewison commissioned an original song be written for the glider scene which would reference the ambivalent feelings of Thomas Crown as he engages in a favorite pastime while experiencing the tension of preparing to commit a major robbery. Alan Bergman: "Michel [Legrand] played us [ie. Alan and Marilyn Bergman] seven or eight melodies. We listened to all of them and decided to wait until the next day to choose one. We three decided on the same one, a long baroque melody... The lyric we wrote was stream-of-consciousness. We felt that the song had to be a mind trip of some kind" – "The [eventual] title was [originally] a line at the end of a section... When we finished we said: "What do we call this? It's got to have a title. That line is kind of interesting.' So we restructured the song so that the line appeared again at the end. It came out of the body of the song. I think we were thinking, you know when you try to fall asleep at night and you can't turn your brain off and thoughts and memories tumble."[2]
Noel Harrison recorded the song after Andy Williams passed on it: according to Harrison: "It was recorded live on a huge sound stage at Paramount, with the accompanying film clips running on a giant screen and Michel blowing kisses to the orchestra."[3] Harrison took issue with the couplet "Like a tunnel that you follow to a tunnel of its own / Down a hollow to a cavern where the sun has never shone", singing the word "shone" British-style with a short vowel sound making the rhyme with "own" imperfect. Marilyn Bergman: "We said 'No, it's shone [long vowel sound].' And he said 'No, it's our language!' And we said: 'Yes, but it's our song.' So reluctantly, he sang shone [long vowel sound] and our rhyme was intact."[2] However, Harrison evidently had the last laugh; in the finally released version he sings "shone" with a short vowel. Harrison's version had a US single in the US in July 1968 soon after the premiere of the film and similarly was released in the British Isles at the time of the film's 7 February 1969 premiere in the UK and Ireland. As a result, it was a current UK release when "The Windmills of Your Mind" received an Academy Award nomination on 24 February 1969: Harrison's single debuted at #36 in the UK Top 50 dated 4 March 1969 and had risen to #15—abetted by performances by Harrison on the 27 March 1969 broadcast of TOTP and also on variety shows hosted by Rolf Harris and Scott Walker—when the song won the Academy Award on 14 April 1969, an endorsement which facilitated the Top Ten entry of Harrison's single on the UK chart dated 22 April 1969 with its chart peak of #8 effected two weeks later.[4]
"The Windmills of Your Mind" was performed on the Academy Awards ceremony broadcast of 14 April 1969 by José Feliciano; Noel Harrison would recall: "I was invited to sing it at the Academy Awards... but I was making a movie in England at the time, and the producer (who didn't like me) refused to let me go." The film which caused the scheduling conflict has been identified as Take a Girl Like You directed by Jonathan Miller.[3]
Dusty Springfield version[edit]
Jerry Wexler, president of Atlantic Records, heard "The Windmills of Your Mind" on the soundtrack of The Thomas Crown Affair and championed having Dusty Springfield record the song for her debut Atlantic album Dusty in Memphis, overcoming the singer's strong resistance; Springfield's friend and subsequent manager Vicki Wickham would allege: "Dusty always said she hated it because she couldn't identify with the words."[5] During the first sessions for the track at American Sound Studio in Memphis, problems with getting the proper chords down arose, and at Springfield's suggestion the song was arranged so the first three verses were sung in a slower tempo than the original film version.
In April 1969 the third A-side release from Dusty in Memphis was announced as "I Don't Want to Hear It Anymore" with "The Windmills of Your Mind" as B-side: however Wexler was prepared to promote "Windmills" as the A-side if it won the Oscar for Best Song, reportedly instructing mail-room clerks at Atlantic Records' New York City headquarters to listen to the Academy Awards broadcast the night of 14 April 1969; hearing "The Windmills" announced as the Best Song winner was these clerks' cue to drive a station wagon loaded with 2500 copies of a double-sided promo single of Springfield's version – identified on the label as "Academy Award Winner" – to the New York City general post office, where the copies of the single were mailed out to key radio stations across the US.[6] Although its Hot 100 debut was not effected until the 5 May 1969 issue of Billboard and then with a #99 ranking, Springfield's "The Windmills" made a rapid ascent to the Top 40 being ranked at #40 on the Hot 100 dated 24 May 1969 only to stall over the subsequent three weeks peaking at #31 on the Hot 100 dated 14 June 1969 with only one additional week of Hot 100 tenure, being ranked at #45 on the 21 June 1969 chart. Local hit parades indicate that Springfield's "Windmills" had Top Ten impact in only select larger markets: Boston, Southern California, and Miami. The track did reach #3 on the Easy Listening chart in Billboard a feat matched by Springfield's third subsequent single "Brand New Me" which therefore ties with "The Windmills" as having afforded Springfield her best-ever solo showing on a Billboard chart.[7]
José Feliciano version[edit]
"The Windmills of Your Mind" was recorded by José Feliciano for his 1969 album 10 to 23,[8] and Feliciano performed the song on the Academy Awards ceremony broadcast of 14 April 1969; the song's original singer Noel Harrison would later opine of Feliciano's performance: "A wonderful musician and compelling singer, he made much too free with the beautiful melody in my humble opinion. But that's jazz."[3] It was Feliciano's version of "The Windmills" which became a hit in the Netherlands, reaching #11 on the Dutch chart in November 1969.[9] and Nr. 4 in the Turkish hit parade in April 1970.[10]
Other versions[edit]
In English[edit]
All Angels on their self-titled album (2006)[11]
Ed Ames on his album The Windmills of Your Mind (1969)[12]
Tina Arena on her album Songs Of Love & Loss (2007)[13]
The Arbors on their album The Arbors (1977)
Dorothy Ashby on her album "Dorothy's Harp" (1969) - Instrumental version - [14]
Jeri Brown on her album April in Paris (1996)[15]
Anne Clark on her maxi-single The Haunted Road (1993),[16] featuring Eyeless in Gaza: track included Clark's 1996 compilation album The Nineties A Fine Collection
Petula Clark on her album Portrait of Petula (1969),[17] featured on the soundtrack of the 2012 film Killing Them Softly
The Colourfield B-side of their 1984 single "Take";[18] bonus track on Japanese release of the group's album Virgins and Philistines
Ray Conniff Singers on their 1969 album Jean;[19] featured in the 2015 film Focus
Randy Crawford with David Sanborn on Sanborn's album Time and the River (2015)[20]
Vic Damone on his album Over the Rainbow (1982)[21]
John Davidson on his album My Cherie Amour (1969)[22]
Skeeter Davis on her album Mary Frances (1969)[23]
Elaine Delmar on her concert album Recital At the Festival The Golden Orpheus '71 (1971)[24]
Neil Diamond on his album The Movie Album: As Time Goes By (1998)[25]
Val Doonican on his album Rocking Chair Favourites (1972)[26]
Connie Evingson on her album Stockholm Sweetnin' (2006)[27]
Laura Fygi on her album Watch What Happens When Laura Fygi Meets Michel Legrand (1997)[28]
John Gary on his album Love of a Gentle Woman (1969)[29]
Peter Grant on his album New Vintage (2006)[30]
Rigmor Gustafsson on her album On My Way to You (2006)[31]
Jacintha on her album Jacintha Goes to Hollywood (2007)[32]
Peter Jöback on his album Storybook (2004)[33]
Jack Jones on his album Jack Jones sings Michel Legrand (1971)[34]
Eliza Keil on her album Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head (1970)[35]
Anita Kerr Singers on their album Velvet Voices & Bold Brass (1969)[36]
Kiki and Herb on their concert album ...Will Die for You: Live at Carnegie Hall (2004);[37] mistitled "The Windmills of My Mind"
Jason Kouchak on his album Midnight Classics (2008);[38] mistitled "The Windmills of My Mind"
The King's Singers on their 1972 self-titled album[39]
Kim Kuzma on her album Acustico II (2015)[40]
Judith Lefeber on her album In My Dreams (2003)[41]
The Lettermen on their album Greatest Movie Hits (2000)[42]
Barbara Lewis on her album The Many Grooves of Barbara Lewis (1969)[43]
Abbey Lincoln on her album Over the Years (2000)[44]
Gloria Loring on her album ...And Now We Come to Distances (1969)[45]
Carmen Lundy on her album Something to Believe In (2003)[46]
The Manhattans single (c. 1970);[47] bonus track on the 2015 CD release of the group's 1971 album With These Hands
Johnny Mathis Version #1: on his album Love Theme from 'Romeo & Juliet' (1969)[48]
Version #2: with Toots Thielemans on Thielemans' album Chez Toots (1998)[49]
Chez Toots track listing reads "Les Moulins de mon cœur (The Windmills of Your Mind)": Mathis sings only the English-language lyrics
Natalia Mateo (de) on her album Heart of Darkness (2015)[50]
Jane McDonald on her album Love at the Movies (2001)[51]
Maureen McGovern Version #1: on her album Academy Award Performance – And the Envelope, Please (1975)[52]
Version #2: on her album The Music Never Ends (1997)[53]
Eva Mendes recorded for commercial (starring Mendes) for Angel perfume[54]
Nana Mouskouri on her album Falling in Love Again: Great Songs from the Movies (1993)[55]
Alison Moyet on her album Voice (2004)[56]
Jim Nabors on his album Everything is Beautiful (1970)[57]
Judy Page (af) on her album Time and Love (1969)[58]
Elaine Paige on her album Cinema (1984)[59]
Parenthetical Girls on their album Entanglements (2008)[60]
Billy Paul on his album Ebony Woman (1970)[61]
Pepe & Paradise on their compilation album 70s Radio Hits (2000);[62] taped performance from Yleisradio dating from 1971 or 1972
Dianne Reeves on her album When You Know (2008)[63]
Ginette Reno on her English-language album Ginette Reno (1969)[64]
Rita Reys on her album Rita Reys Sings Michel LeGrand (1972)[65]
Jimmie Rodgers on his album The Windmills of Your Mind (1969);[66] released as a single: bubbled under Hot 100 with a #123 peak
John Rowles on his album Saying Goodbyes (1971);[67] medley: "Where Do I Begin (Love Story)"/"Windmills Of Your Mind"
Sandler and Young on their album Once More With Feeling (c. 1970)[68]
The Sandpipers on their album The Wonder of You (1969)[69]
Mathilde Santing on her compilation album Matilde Matilde (1997);[70] the track is a recording of a rehearsal of Santing's performance of the song at the 1985 Knokke Festival (nl) revival
Janet Seidel on her album Comme ci comme ça (2004);[71] the track is listed as "Windmills of Your Mind"/"Moulins de mon cœur" and includes lyrics from both the English- and French-language renderings of the song.
Dinah Shore on her album Once Upon a Summertime (1975)[72]
Sharleen Spiteri on her album The Movie Songbook (2010)[73]
Sting on the soundtrack album for The Thomas Crown Affair (1999)[74]
Barbra Streisand on her album What Matters Most (2011)[75]
Swing Out Sister on their compilation album The Best of Swing Out Sister (1996);[76] taped performance from The Jeff Graham Show on Radio Luxembourg, made in 1989: the track was included on some editions of the 1989 single release "When in the World", and is also included on the 2014 compilation The Essential Swing Out Sister
Take 6 on their album The Standard (2008)[77]
Becky Taylor on her album Shine (2003)[78]
Kiri Te Kanawa on her album Magic: Kiri sings Michel Legrand (1992)[79]
Mel Tormé on his album A Time For Us (Love Theme From 'Romeo & Juliet') (1969)[80]
Grady Tate on his album Windmills of My Mind (1968)[81]
Leslie Uggams on her album On My Way to You: Songs of Alan & Marilyn Bergman (2003)[82]
Nina van Pallandt on her album Nina Alone (1970)[83]
Vanilla Fudge on their album Rock & Roll (1969);[84] B-side of single release "Lord in the Country"
Vassilikos on his album Vintage (2009)[85]
Helena Vondráčková on her album Isle of Helena (1972)[86]
Kim Weston on her album Big Brass Four Poster (1970)[87]
Susan Wong on her album 511 (2009);[88] mistitled "The Windmills of My Mind"
Edward Woodward on his album The Edward Woodward Album (1972)[89]
In French: "Les Moulins de mon cœur"[edit]
The lyrics for the French-language rendering of "The Windmills of Your Mind" were written by Eddy Marnay and this version, entitled "Les Moulins de mon cœur", was first recorded in 1968 by Marcel Amont who was resultantly afforded a minor French chart hit (peak #49).[90]
"Les Moulins de mon coeur" has subsequently been recorded by:
Frida Boccara on her album Un jour, un enfant (1969)[91]
Richard Anthony on his album Señora la Dueña (1970)[92]
Dany Brillant on his album Histoire d'un amour (2007)[93]
Noëlle Cordier single (1969)[94]
Anne-Marie David on her concert album Live In Charleroi (2004)[95]
Natalie Dessay with Michel LeGrand on their collaborative album Entre Elle et Lui (2013)[96]
Celine Dion on her concert album Céline Dion en concert (1985); in medley "Hommage à Michel Legrand: Quand on s'aime / Brûle pas tes doigts / La Valse des lilas / Quand ça balance / Les Moulins de mon coeur"[97]
Miss Dominique on her album Une femme battante (2006)[98]
Claude François on his album Un Monde de Musique (1969)[99]
Jason Kouchak on his album Comme d'Habitude (2011)[100]
Patricia Kaas on her album "Piano Bar" (2002)[101]
Vicky Leandros single, included on her album Zoom sur Vicky (1969)[102]
Julia Migenes on her concert album Live at the Olympia (1989)[103]
Jessye Norman on her album Michel Legrand: I Was Born in Love with You (2000)[104]
Marie Denise Pelletier on her album Lesmots de Marnay (2003)[105]
Ginette Reno on her French-language album Ginette Reno (1969)[106]
Demis Roussos on his album Immortel (1995)[107]
Janet Seidel on her album Comme ci comme ça (2004);[71] the track is listed as "Windmills of Your Mind"/"Moulins de mon cœur" and includes lyrics from both the English- and French-language renderings of the song
Caterina Valente on her concert album Caterina Valente Live [London Palladium] (1975);[108] track listing reads "The Windmills of Your Mind": however it is sung completely in French
Sylvie Vartan on her album La Reine de Saba (1974);[109] the album La Reine de Saba was issued only in Japan: its tracks were all included on the 1997 box set Sylvie Vartan: Les Années RCA
Amaury Vassili on his album Canterò (2010)[110]
Vigon Bamy Jay on their album Les Soul Men (2013)[111]
Carol Welsman on her album Hold Me (2001)[112]
In other languages[edit]
In 1970 Helena Vondráčková, prior to recording "The Windmills of Your Mind" with its original English lyrics for her album Isle of Helena (1972), recorded the song as rendered in Czech: "Můžeš zůstat, můžeš jít",[113] and also Japanese: "Kaze no sasayaki".[114] Introduced on the album Ostrov Heleny Vondráčkové,[113] "Můžeš zůstat, můžeš jít" has become a signature song for Vondráčková: in 2012 when her three CD retrospective (Nejen) o lásce was issued, Vondráčková cited "Můžeš zůstat, můžeš jít" as "the song on the [anthology] dearest to [her] heart".[115] An alternate Czech rendering of "The Windmills of Your Mind": "Mlýnské kolo v srdci mém", was recorded by Hana Hegerová to serve as title cut for her 2010 album of renderings of famous French-language songs.[116]
"The Windmills of Your Mind" has also been rendered as:
"Cirkels" (Dutch): recorded by Herman van Veen (1968),[117] Marco Bakker (nl) on his album Marco Bakker zingt romantische sfeersongs (1980),[118][119] Hans Dorrestijn with Martin van Dijk (nl) for their collaborative album Cirkels (2002).[120]
"Samanlainen onni" (Finnish): recorded by Jarkko & Laura (1968), Katri Helena (1970), Kristian (fi) on the multi-artist album Trio (1970), Tapio Heinonen (fi) on his album Julian Grimau (1971), Petri Salminen (fi) on his album Tien päällä (1997), Anneli Sari (fi) on her 1999 album Les Chansons, and Marita Taavitsainen (fi) on her album Yksi Ainoa Katse (1999).[121]
"Vinden I Min Själ" (Swedish): recorded by Lill-Babs on her album Till Mina Vänner (1979),[122] Anders Ekborg on his album Äkta Vara – 11 Sångfilmer 100% Live (2006),[123] Anita Strandell (sv) on her album Sommarbaravara (2011).[124]
"Wie sich Mühlen dreh'n im Wind" (German): recorded by Vicky Leandros on her album Ich glaub' an Dich (1969),[125] Caterina Valente on her concert album Caterina Valente Live [Neue Revue, Hamburg] (1969),[126] Katja Ebstein on her album ''Wunder gibt es immer wieder (1970),[127] Bibi Johns (1970).[128]
"Los molinos de tu espíritu" (Spanish): recorded by German singer Katja Ebstein on her Spanish-language album En Español (1971).[129]
"Die Windmeul Van Jou Siel" (Afrikaans): recorded by Laurika Rauch on her album Die Reis (2016).[citation needed]
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Jump up ^ http://www.retrojeunesse60.com/claude.francois2.html
Jump up ^ http://www.jasonkouchak.com/comme-dhabitude/
Jump up ^ http://www.patriciakaas.net/discographie__piano_bar_album_studio__fr__.html
Jump up ^ http://www.retrojeunesse60.com/vicky.html
Jump up ^ http://www.compagniedudisque.com/info-2-12547-Live_at_the_Olympia-Julia_Migenes.html
Jump up ^ http://www.gramophone.co.uk/review/i-was-born-in-love-with-you
Jump up ^ http://www.deezer.com/album/40604
Jump up ^ http://www.retrojeunesse60.com/ginette.reno2.html
Jump up ^ http://www.demislegrec.com/anglais/disques/cd/immortel.html
Jump up ^ http://www.worldcat.org/title/caterina-valente-live/oclc/39282967
Jump up ^ http://diskunion.net/portal/ct/detail/RT130315-SV-05
Jump up ^ http://www.leparisien.fr/loisirs-et-spectacles/amaury-vassili-je-sais-que-je-suis-un-produit-26-12-2010-1203383.php
Jump up ^ http://www.chartsinfrance.net/Vigon-Bamy-Jay/news-95303.html
Jump up ^ http://www.allmusic.com/album/release/carol-welsman-mr0000505226
^ Jump up to: a b http://www.vondrackova.cz/cz/muzika-3/1970-00-00-ostrov-heleny-vondrackove-8
Jump up ^ http://www.vondrackova.cz/cz/pisnicky-15/1970-00-00-kaze-no-sasayaki-kaze-no-sasayaki-703
Jump up ^ http://www.denik.cz/hudba/helena-vondrackova-prekvapenim-narozeninoveho-koncertu-bude-deyl-20121023-8sbk.html
Jump up ^ http://www.supraphon.cz/archiv/1775-hana-hegerova-mlynske-kolo-v-srdci-mem
Jump up ^ http://www.top40.nl/herman-van-veen/herman-van-veen-cirkels_21843
Jump up ^ Chrispijn, Rob (2010). Nooit zongen vogels harder. Amsterdam: Nijgh & Van Ditmar. ISBN 978-90-388-9328-0.
Jump up ^ https://www.muziekweb.nl/Link/HA01009/Zingt-romantische-sfeersongs?TrackID=HA01009-0006
Jump up ^ http://www.hansdorrestijn.nl/cds/cirkels.html
Jump up ^ https://finnishsongwriters.wordpress.com/2014/05/05/juha-vainio-diskografia-levytetyt-laulut-samanlainen-onni-1969/
Jump up ^ http://intunes.ru/release-idbijccec/Till-Mina-V%C3%A4nner
Jump up ^ http://andersekborg.nu/diskografi/akta-vara/
Jump up ^ http://anitastrandell.se/96
Jump up ^ http://www.cd-lexikon.de/album_vicky-leandros-ich-glaub-an-dich.htm
Jump up ^ https://allerleibuntesausdeutschland.wordpress.com/2013/11/16/caterina-valente-live-neue-revue-prasentiert-den-grosen-tournee-mitschnitt-1969/
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[show]
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Academy Award for Best Original Song
1934–1940
"The Continental"
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1941–1950
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"Mona Lisa"
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1951–1960
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"All the Way"
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"Gigi"
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Lyrics: Alan Jay Lerner (1958)
"High Hopes"
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"Never on Sunday"
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1961–1970
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Lyrics: Johnny Mercer (1961)
"Days of Wine and Roses"
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"Call Me Irresponsible"
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"Born Free"
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"Talk to the Animals"
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"The Windmills of Your Mind"
Music: Michel Legrand
Lyrics: Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1968)
"Raindrops Keep Fallin' on My Head"
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"For All We Know"
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1971–1980
"Theme from Shaft"
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"The Morning After"
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Lyrics: Alan and Marilyn Bergman (1973)
"We May Never Love Like This Again"
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"I'm Easy"
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"Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)"
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"You Light Up My Life"
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"Last Dance"
Music and lyrics: Paul Jabara (1978)
"It Goes Like It Goes"
Music: David Shire
Lyrics: Norman Gimbel (1979)
"Fame"
Music: Michael Gore
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1981–1990
"Arthur's Theme (Best That You Can Do)"
Music and lyrics: Burt Bacharach, Carole Bayer Sager, Christopher Cross and Peter Allen (1981)
"Up Where We Belong"
Music: Jack Nitzsche and Buffy Sainte-Marie
Lyrics: Will Jennings (1982)
"Flashdance... What a Feeling"
Music: Giorgio Moroder
Lyrics: Keith Forsey and Irene Cara (1983)
"I Just Called to Say I Love You"
Music and lyrics: Stevie Wonder (1984)
"Say You, Say Me"
Music and lyrics: Lionel Richie (1985)
"Take My Breath Away"
Music: Giorgio Moroder
Lyrics: Tom Whitlock (1986)
"(I've Had) The Time of My Life"
Music: Franke Previte, John DeNicola and Donald Markowitz
Lyrics: Franke Previte (1987)
"Let the River Run"
Music and lyrics: Carly Simon (1988)
"Under the Sea"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Howard Ashman (1989)
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Music and Lyrics: Stephen Sondheim (1990)
1991–2000
"Beauty and the Beast"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Howard Ashman (1991)
"A Whole New World"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Tim Rice (1992)
"Streets of Philadelphia"
Music and lyrics: Bruce Springsteen (1993)
"Can You Feel the Love Tonight"
Music: Elton John
Lyrics: Tim Rice (1994)
"Colors of the Wind"
Music: Alan Menken
Lyrics: Stephen Schwartz (1995)
"You Must Love Me"
Music: Andrew Lloyd Webber
Lyrics: Tim Rice (1996)
"My Heart Will Go On"
Music: James Horner
Lyrics: Will Jennings (1997)
"When You Believe"
Music and lyrics: Stephen Schwartz (1998)
"You'll Be in My Heart"
Music and lyrics: Phil Collins (1999)
"Things Have Changed"
Music and lyrics: Bob Dylan (2000)
2001–2010
"If I Didn't Have You"
Music and lyrics: Randy Newman (2001)
"Lose Yourself"
Music: Eminem, Jeff Bass and Luis Resto
Lyrics: Eminem (2002)
"Into the West"
Music and lyrics: Fran Walsh, Howard Shore and Annie Lennox (2003)
"Al otro lado del río"
Music and lyrics: Jorge Drexler (2004)
"It's Hard out Here for a Pimp"
Music and lyrics: Juicy J, Frayser Boy and DJ Paul (2005)
"I Need to Wake Up"
Music and lyrics: Melissa Etheridge (2006)
"Falling Slowly"
Music and lyrics: Glen Hansard and Markéta Irglová (2007)
"Jai Ho"
Music: A. R. Rahman
Lyrics: Gulzar (2008)
"The Weary Kind"
Music and lyrics: Ryan Bingham and T Bone Burnett (2009)
"We Belong Together"
Music and lyrics: Randy Newman (2010)
2011–present
"Man or Muppet"
Music and lyrics: Bret McKenzie (2011)
"Skyfall"
Music and lyrics: Adele Adkins and Paul Epworth (2012)
"Let It Go"
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"Glory"
Music and lyrics: John Stephens and Lonnie Lynn (2014)
"Writing's on the Wall"
Music and lyrics: James Napier and Sam Smith (2015)
"City of Stars"
Music: Justin Hurwitz
Lyrics: Benj Pasek and Justin Paul (2016)
[show]
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Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song (1960s)
"Town Without Pity" Lyrics by Ned Washington, Music by Dimitri Tiomkin (1961)
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"Forget Domani" Lyrics by Norman Newell, Music by Riz Ortolani (1965)
"Strangers in the Night" Lyrics by Charles Singleton, Eddie Snyder, Music by Bert Kaempfert (1966)
"If Ever I Would Leave You" Lyrics by Alan Jay Lerner, Music by Frederick Loewe (1967)
"The Windmills of Your Mind" Lyrics by Alan and Marilyn Bergman, Music by Michel Legrand (1968)
"Jean" Music & Lyrics by Rod McKuen (1969)
Complete List
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Kintsugi
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about the Japanese art form. For the Death Cab for Cutie album, see Kintsugi (album).
Repair work (right) on Mishima ware hakeme-type tea bowl with kintsugi gold lacquer, 16th century (Ethnological Museum of Berlin)
Small repair (top) on Nabeshima ware dish with hollyhock design, overglaze enamel, 18th century, Edo period {Tokyo National Museum)
Kintsugi (金継ぎ, "golden joinery"), also known as Kintsukuroi (金繕い, "golden repair"),[1] is the Japanese art of repairing broken pottery with lacquer dusted or mixed with powdered gold, silver, or platinum, a method similar to the maki-e technique.[2][3][4] As a philosophy, it treats breakage and repair as part of the history of an object, rather than something to disguise.[5]
Contents
1 Origin
2 Philosophy
3 Types of joinery
4 Related techniques
5 Influence on modern art
6 Effects on tourism
7 See also
8 References
9 Further reading
10 External links
Origin[edit]
Lacquerware is a longstanding tradition in Japan,[6][7] and at some point kintsugi may have been combined with maki-e as a replacement for other ceramic repair techniques. While the process is associated with Japanese craftsmen, the technique was also applied to ceramic pieces of other origins including China, Vietnam, and Korea.[8]
Kintsugi became closely associated with ceramic vessels used for chanoyu (Japanese tea ceremony).[3] One theory is that kintsugi may have originated when Japanese shōgun Ashikaga Yoshimasa sent a damaged Chinese tea bowl back to China for repairs in the late 15th century.[9] When it was returned, repaired with ugly metal staples, it may have prompted Japanese craftsmen to look for a more aesthetic means of repair. Collectors became so enamored with the new art that some were accused of deliberately smashing valuable pottery so it could be repaired with the gold seams of kintsugi.[2]
Philosophy[edit]
As a philosophy, kintsugi can be seen to have similarities to the Japanese philosophy of wabi-sabi, an embracing of the flawed or imperfect.[10][11] Japanese aesthetics values marks of wear by the use of an object. This can be seen as a rationale for keeping an object around even after it has broken and as a justification of kintsugi itself, highlighting the cracks and repairs as simply an event in the life of an object rather than allowing its service to end at the time of its damage or breakage.[12]
Kintsugi can relate to the Japanese philosophy of "no mind" (無心, mushin), which encompasses the concepts of non-attachment, acceptance of change and fate as aspects of human life.[13]
“ Not only is there no attempt to hide the damage, but the repair is literally illuminated... a kind of physical expression of the spirit of mushin....Mushin is often literally translated as "no mind," but carries connotations of fully existing within the moment, of non-attachment, of equanimity amid changing conditions. ...The vicissitudes of existence over time, to which all humans are susceptible, could not be clearer than in the breaks, the knocks, and the shattering to which ceramic ware too is subject. This poignancy or aesthetic of existence has been known in Japan as mono no aware, a compassionate sensitivity, or perhaps identification with, [things] outside oneself. ”
— Christy Bartlett, Flickwerk: The Aesthetics of Mended Japanese Ceramics
Types of joinery[edit]
There are a few major styles or types of kintsugi:
Crack (ひび), the use of gold dust and resin or lacquer to attach broken pieces with minimal overlap or fill-in from missing pieces
Piece method (欠けの金継ぎ例), where a replacement ceramic fragment is not available and the entirety of the addition is gold or gold/lacquer compound
Joint call (呼び継ぎ), where a similarly shaped but non-matching fragment is used to replace a missing piece from the original vessel creating a patchwork effect[14]
Related techniques[edit]
Nanking reticulated basket, c. 1750, mended with metal staples
Staple repair is a similar technique used to repair broken ceramic pieces,[15] where small holes are drilled on either side of a crack and metal staples are bent to hold the pieces together.[16] Staple repair was used in Europe (in ancient Greece, England and Russia among others) and China as a repair technique for particularly valuable pieces.[16]
Influence on modern art[edit]
Kintsugi is the general concept of highlighting or emphasizing imperfections, visualizing mends and seams as an additive or an area to celebrate or focus on, rather than absence or missing pieces. Modern artists experiment with the ancient technique as a means of analyzing the idea of loss, synthesis, and improvement through destruction and repair or rebirth.[17]
While originally ignored as a separate art form, kintsugi and related repair methods have been featured at exhibitions at the Freer Gallery at the Smithsonian, the Metropolitan Museum of Art, and the Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Cornell University Ithaca NY, USA.[2][8][11][18]
The concept of kintsugi inspired Tim Baker of the Canadian band Hey Rosetta! in the making of their 2014 album, Second Sight. The lead single, "Kintsukuroi", takes its name directly from the art-form and the cover art of the record features a bowl repaired in the kintsugi method.
Canadian folk band The Rural Alberta Advantage also used kintsugi as inspiration for the art for their tellingly named 2014 record, Mended with Gold.
Death Cab for Cutie named their 2015 release Kintsugi, possibly because during the production of the album, lead guitarist and founding member Chris Walla announced that he was leaving the band (though he continued contributing to the recording and creative process as a full member until the album's completion).[19]
Episode 6 of Season 2 of the Amazon original TV series The Man in the High Castle is named "Kintsugi".
Electronic music duo DROELOE released the 2017 single titled "Kintsugi". The album art features a skull, the logo of the group, on display in a case with shining gold cracks as if remade through the process of kintsugi.[20]
Effects on tourism[edit]
Authenticity continues to ignite interest among tourism and marketing scholars[21] and brand heritage can induce the feeling of authentic experience and increase customer retention.[22] In particular kintsugi implies that the authentic is that which displays and values its true, dynamic relation to history. By highlighting that the authentic object or site is that which, despite the ravages of time, retains cultural value (be that local, national, and/or international), site managers can re-figure and promote a conception of authenticity to tourists.[21]
See also[edit]
Mending
Conservator-restorer
Conservation and restoration of paintings
Darning
Restoration (cultural heritage)
Guan ware
Metal clay
hide
v
t
e
Conservation-restoration of cultural heritage
Collection care
and management
Collecting
Collection (artwork)
Collections care
Collection catalog
Collections maintenance
Collections management (museum)
Collection Management Policy
Collections Management System
Cultural heritage management
Cultural resources management
Deaccessioning (museum)
Digital repository audit method based on risk assessment
Display case
Documentation of cultural property
Emergency response (museum)
Exhibition of cultural heritage objects
Found in collection
Inherent vice
Inventory (museum)
Museum integrated pest management
Preservation metadata
Preservation Metadata: Implementation Strategies
Preservation of meaning
Preservation survey
Provenance
Repatriation
Restoration (cultural heritage)
Storage of cultural heritage objects
Roles and expertise
Art handler
Collection manager
Conservator-restorer
Conservation scientist
Conservation technician
Curator
Exhibition designer
Mount maker
Objects conservator
Paintings conservator
Photograph conservator
Preservationist
Registrar (museum)
Textile conservator
Area specialities
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Archaeological science
Archaeology
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Building restoration
Conservation science
Digital photograph restoration
Digital preservation
Database preservation
Film preservation
Frame conservation
Heritage science
Historic preservation
Media preservation
Object conservation
Optical media preservation
Painting conservation
Preservation (library and archival science)
Restoration
Sustainable preservation
Web archiving
Techniques
Aging (artwork)
Anastylosis
Arrested decay
Architecture
Cradling (paintings)
Detachment of wall paintings
Desmet method
Fabric restoration
Historic paint analysis
Imaging of cultural heritage
Inpainting
Kintsugi
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Taxidermy
Textiles
Tibetan thangkas
Time-based media art
Totem poles
Vehicles
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Notable projects
Conservation issues of Pompeii and Herculaneum
Conservation-restoration of Ecce Homo by Elías García Martínez
Conservation-restoration of The Gross Clinic by Thomas Eakins
Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper
Conservation-restoration of the Shroud of Turin
Conservation-restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty
Conservation-restoration of the H.L. Hunley
Modern and Contemporary Art Research Initiative
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "definition of Kinstugi".
^ Jump up to: a b c Gopnik, Blake (March 3, 2009), "At Freer, Aesthetic Is Simply Smashing", The Washington Post .
^ Jump up to: a b "Golden Seams: The Japanese Art of Mending Ceramics", Freer Gallery of Art, Smithsonian, archived from the original on 2009-03-17, retrieved 3 March 2009 .
Jump up ^ "Daijisen".
Jump up ^ "Kintsugi: The Centuries-Old Art of Repairing Broken Pottery with Gold". My Modern Met. 2017-04-25. Retrieved 2017-07-12.
Jump up ^ Ota, Alan K. (September 22, 1985). "Japan's Ancient Art of Lacquerware". New York Times.
Jump up ^ Ken, Johnson (April 4, 2008). "A Craft Polished to the Lofty Heights of Art". New York Times. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Golden Seams: The Japanese Art of Mending Ceramics". Smithsonian. November 8, 2008. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
Jump up ^ Gopnik, Blake (March 3, 2009). "'Golden Seams: The Japanese Art of Mending Ceramics' at Freer". The Washington Post.
Jump up ^ "Kintsugi Is Recognizing Beauty in Broken Things | Make:". Make: DIY Projects and Ideas for Makers. 2015-08-17. Retrieved 2017-07-12.
^ Jump up to: a b Andrea Codrington, Lippke (December 15, 2010). "In Make-Do Objects, Collectors Find Beauty Beyond Repair". New York Times. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
Jump up ^ Kwan, Pui Ying. "Exploring Japanese Art and Aesthetic as inspiration for emotionally durable design" (PDF).
Jump up ^ Flickwerk The Aesthetics of Mended Japanese Ceramics Paperback, January 1, 2008 by Christy, James Henry Holland and Charly Iten Bartlett
Jump up ^ "Gold joint (mending gold) What is it?" (in Japanese). 2013-05-04. Retrieved 2014-04-02.
Jump up ^ Kahn, Eve (January 17, 2013). "It's as Good as Glue: Mending Shattered China". New York Times. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
^ Jump up to: a b "Stapled Repairs on Chine; Confessions of a curious collector". Antiques Journal. February 2012: 37–40. Retrieved 2014-04-05.
Jump up ^ Taylor, Andrew (February 27, 2011). "Smashing idea to put it together again". Sydney Morning Herald.
Jump up ^ "The Aesthetics of Mended Japanese Ceramics | Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art". museum.cornell.edu. Retrieved 2017-09-23.
Jump up ^ Courneen, Trevor (January 12, 2015). "Death Cab for Cutie Reveal Title and Track List for New Album". Paste Magazine. Retrieved 2015-01-13.
Jump up ^ DROELOE - Kintsugi, retrieved 2017-10-03
^ Jump up to: a b Taheri, Babak; Farrington, Thomas; Curran, Ross; O'Gorman, Kevin (2017-04-11). "Sustainability and the authentic experience. Harnessing brand heritage – a study from Japan". Journal of Sustainable Tourism. 0 (0): 1–19. doi:10.1080/09669582.2017.1310867. ISSN 0966-9582.
Jump up ^ Curran, Ross; Taheri, Babak; MacIntosh, Robert; O'Gorman, Kevin (2016-02-23). "Nonprofit Brand Heritage". Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly. 45 (6): 1234–1257. doi:10.1177/0899764016633532.
Further reading[edit]
Flickwerk The Aesthetics of Mended Japanese Ceramics — Christy, James; Holland, Henry; Bartlett, Charly Iten (2008). Flickwerk The Aesthetics of Mended Japanese Ceramics. Cornell University, Herbert Johnson Museum of Art. ASIN B009F3YENM.
Kintsugi : The Art of Broken by Audrey Harris | TEDxJanpath (video on YouTube)
Kintsugi: The Meaning of Mending by Adam Fulford (video on Vimeo)
EASTERN PHILOSOPHY - Kintsugi by School of Life (video on YouTube)
Perfect Imperfection (The Art of Healing) by Billie Bond, Dr Jeremy Spencer (2017) Bond, Billie; Spencer, Dr Jeremy (2017). Perfect Imperfection. United Kingdom: Blurb. ISBN 978-1366121998.
External links[edit]
Japan portal
Arts portal
Media related to Kintsugi at Wikimedia Commons
Video: "Kintsugi: The Art of Repairing and Bringing New Life to Broken Items" from Link TV
Exhibition FLICKWERK The Aesthetics of Mended Japanese Ceramics at Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Ithaca NY 2008
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Conservation-restoration of Ecce Homo by Elías García Martínez
Conservation-restoration of The Gross Clinic by Thomas Eakins
Conservation-restoration of Leonardo da Vinci's The Last Supper
Conservation-restoration of the Shroud of Turin
Conservation-restoration of the Sistine Chapel frescoes
Conservation-restoration of the Statue of Liberty
Conservation-restoration of the H.L. Hunley
Modern and Contemporary Art Research Initiative
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