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List of colonial governors of New Hampshire
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The territory of the present United States state of New Hampshire has a colonial history dating back to the 1620s. This history is significantly bound to that of the neighboring Massachusetts, whose colonial precursors either claimed the New Hampshire territory, or shared governors with it. First settled in the 1620s under a land grant to John Mason, the colony consisted of a small number of settlements near the seacoast before growing further inland in the 18th century. Mason died in 1635, and the colonists appropriated a number of his holdings. Thomas Roberts served as the last Colonial Governor of the Dover Colony before it became part of the Massachusetts Bay Colony. In 1641 the New Hampshire colonists agreed to be ruled by Massachusetts Bay Colony, which also claimed the territory. Massachusetts governed the New Hampshire settlements until 1680, when it became the royally chartered Province of New Hampshire. In 1686 the territory became part of the Dominion of New England, which was effectively disbanded in 1689 following the 1688 Glorious Revolution in England. After an interregnum under de facto rule from Massachusetts, Samuel Allen, who had acquired the Mason land claims, became governor. From 1699 to 1741 the governorships of New Hampshire and the Province of Massachusetts Bay were shared.
Boundary disputes between the two colonies prompted King George II to appoint separate governors in 1741, commissioning Portsmouth native Benning Wentworth as governor. In 1775, with the advent of the American Revolutionary War, the province's last royal governor, John Wentworth, fled the colony. Under a state constitution drafted in early 1776, Meshech Weare was chosen the first President of the independent state of New Hampshire.
Contents
[hide]
1 Lower plantation governors, 1630–1641
2 Upper plantation governors, 1631–1641
3 Massachusetts governors, 1641–1680
4 First provincial period, 1680–1689
5 Dominion of New England and interregnum
6 Second provincial period, 1692–1775
7 Notes
8 References
Lower plantation governors, 1630–1641[edit]
Permanent English settlement began after land grants were issued in 1622 to John Mason and Sir Ferdinando Gorges for the territory between the Merrimack and Sagadahoc (Kennebec) rivers, roughly encompassing present-day New Hampshire and western Maine. Settlers, whose early leaders included David Thomson, Edward Hilton, and Thomas Hilton, began settlements on the New Hampshire coast and islands as early as 1623, that eventually expanded along the shores of the Piscataqua River and the Great Bay. Mason and Gorges, neither of whom ever came to New England, divided their claims along the Piscataqua River in 1629.[1] Mason took the territory between the Piscataqua and Merrimack, and called it "New Hampshire", after the English county of Hampshire.[2]
Conflicts between holders of grants issued by Mason and Gorges concerning their boundaries eventually led to a need for more active management. Captain Walter Neale was appointed in 1630 by the proprietors of the Strawbery Banke (or "Lower") plantation (present-day Portsmouth and nearby communities) as agent and governor of that territory. Neale returned to England in 1633, and John Mason appointed Francis Williams to govern the lower plantation in 1634.[3][4] Early New Hampshire historian Jeremy Belknap called Williams the governor of the lower plantation, and claimed that he served until the New Hampshire plantations came under Massachusetts rule, at which time he became a magistrate in the Massachusetts government.[5] However, Belknap's claim is disputed by historian Charles Tuttle, who observes that there are no records prior to 1640 in which Mason or Gorges refer to Williams as governor.[6] Tuttle claims that Mason appointed Henry Josselyn to succeed Neale,[7] and that Mason's widow appointed Francis Norton, a Massachusetts resident, in 1638 to oversee the estate's interests, although when his stewardship ends is unclear.[8]
Governor
Took office
Left office
Ref
Walter Neale 1630 1633 [3][4]
Francis Williams 1634? 1641 [5][6]
Henry Josselyn 1634 1638 [9]
Francis Norton 1638 1640? [8]
Upper plantation governors, 1631–1641[edit]
The first governor of the "Dover" or "Upper Plantation" was Captain Thomas Wiggin. The exact date of his appointment is uncertain. He was known to be in the area in 1629 and 1631, when Belknap suggests he was appointed governor by Mason and Gorges.[10] He received a more definite appointment for administration of this plantation by 1633, when he was commissioned by Lords Brooke and Say and Sele, who had purchased land in the area from Mason.[11]
The territory then comprised modern-day Dover, Durham, and Stratham. Wiggin is styled in some histories as a governor, and was referred to in contemporary documentation as "[having the] power of Governor hereabouts". However, his powers appear to have been limited to transacting the proprietors' business, including the granting of land, and the proprietors themselves did not possess the power of government.[12] Wiggin and Walter Neale apparently disagreed on territorial boundaries of their respective domains, and supposedly almost came to blows, although whether this occurred in 1632 or 1633 is unclear.[13] In the fall of 1637 the upper communities banded together and formed a government headed by the Rev. George Burdett.[14]
Governor
Took office
Left office
Ref
Thomas Wiggin 1633? 1637 [11]
George Burdett 1637 1641 [14]
Massachusetts governors, 1641–1680[edit]
See also: Massachusetts Bay Colony
Mason's widow decided in 1638 to abandon financial support of the colony. After shifting for themselves for a time (during which much of the Mason property was appropriated by the colonists),[15] the plantations of New Hampshire agreed in 1641 to join with the Massachusetts Bay Colony. The towns of New Hampshire sent representatives to the Massachusetts legislature, and were governed by its governors, who were elected annually.[16][17]
Governor
Took office
Left office
Deputy governor
Thomas Dudley May 13, 1640 June 2, 1641 Richard Bellingham
Richard Bellingham June 2, 1641 May 18, 1642 John Endecott
John Winthrop May 18, 1642 May 29, 1644 John Endecott
John Endecott May 29, 1644 May 14, 1645 John Winthrop
Thomas Dudley May 14, 1645 May 6, 1646 John Winthrop
John Winthrop May 6, 1646 May 2, 1649 Thomas Dudley
John Endecott May 2, 1649 May 22, 1650 Thomas Dudley
Thomas Dudley May 22, 1650 May 7, 1651 John Endecott[18]
John Endecott May 7, 1651 May 3, 1654 Thomas Dudley
Richard Bellingham May 3, 1654 May 23, 1655 John Endecott
John Endecott May 23, 1655 May 3, 1665 Richard Bellingham
Richard Bellingham May 3, 1665 December 12, 1672 Francis Willoughby (1665–71)
John Leverett (1671–72)
John Leverett December 12, 1672 (acting until May 7, 1673) May 28, 1679 Samuel Symonds (1673–78)
Simon Bradstreet (1678–80)
Simon Bradstreet May 28, 1679 January 21, 1680[19] Thomas Danforth
Sources unless otherwise cited: Capen, pp. 53–54; Hart, p. 1:607
First provincial period, 1680–1689[edit]
In 1679, King Charles II issued a royal charter for the Province of New Hampshire.[20] John Cutt was appointed president, and took office on January 21, 1680.[19] He was succeeded after his death by his deputy, Richard Waldron.[21] At the urging of the heirs of John Mason, who were trying to recover their inherited claims, Charles issued a new charter in 1682, with Edward Cranfield as lieutenant governor. This government survived until the Dominion of New England was introduced in 1686, although Cranfield departed the province in 1685, replaced in the interim by his deputy, Walter Barefoote.[22][23]
Lieutenant-Governor
Commissioned
Took office
Left office
John Cutt (as president) September 18, 1679 January 21, 1680 March 1681
Richard Waldron (as president) January 22, 1680[19] March 1681 October 4, 1682
Edward Cranfield May 9, 1682 October 4, 1682 June 1685[24]
Walter Barefoote (acting) – June 1685[24] May 25, 1686
Source unless otherwise cited: Fry, p. 523
Dominion of New England and interregnum[edit]
See also: Dominion of New England
From 1686 to 1689 the province was joined into the Dominion of New England. After the dominion collapsed in April 1689, the New Hampshire communities were left without government. Although they briefly established a government in January 1690, they petitioned Massachusetts for protection, and Massachusetts Governor Simon Bradstreet de facto governed the colony from March 1690.[25]
Governor
Took office
Left office
Lieutenant Governor
Joseph Dudley (as President of the Council of New England) May 25, 1686[26] December 20, 1686[27] William Stoughton (as Deputy President)[28]
Sir Edmund Andros December 20, 1686[27] April 18, 1689[29] Francis Nicholson (appointed April 1688)[30]
Simon Bradstreet (as de facto governor) March 19, 1690[31] 1692 Thomas Danforth
Second provincial period, 1692–1775[edit]
From 1692 to 1699, Samuel Allen was the governor of New Hampshire. For most of his tenure, he remained in London, pursuing legal actions relevant to proprietary land claims he had purchased from the Masons, but he came to the colony briefly before the arrival of his replacement as governor, the Earl of Bellomont.[32] From 1699 to 1741, the governor of the Province of Massachusetts Bay was also commissioned as governor of New Hampshire.[33] The lieutenant governor controlled the province, acting as governor unless the commissioned governor was present.[34] In 1741 the governance of Massachusetts and New Hampshire was divided.[35] As a result, during the tenures of the last two governors, Benning and John Wentworth, the role of the lieutenant governor diminished. John Temple, the last lieutenant governor, apparently held the office in title only.[36]
One commission was issued but not used. On February 8, 1715/6, Colonel Elizeus Burges was appointed to succeed Joseph Dudley as governor of both Massachusetts and New Hampshire.[37] Before coming to North America, Burges was bribed by Massachusetts operatives to resign his commissions; Colonel Samuel Shute was then chosen to replace Dudley.[35]
The column labeled "Commissioned" indicates the date when the governor's commission was issued in London, and does not represent when the governor arrived in the province to formally take up the government. The column labeled "Left office" shows the date when the individual was replaced by the arrival of his successor, with a few exceptions. Two governors, Bellomont and William Burnet, died while still holding their commissions (although neither was in the province at the time).[38][39] Governor Shute effectively abandoned his office by abruptly departing Boston for England on January 1, 1723.[40] His administration effectively came to an end then, but he was technically the office holder until Burnet was commissioned in 1728.[41][42] The last governor, John Wentworth, fled the province in August 1775, after the outbreak of the American Revolutionary War brought threats to his rule and family.[43] The province was thereafter governed provisionally until January 1776, when Meshech Weare was elected the independent state's first president under a new state constitution.[44]
Governor
Commissioned
Left office
Lieutenant Governor
Notes
Samuel Allen March 1, 1691/2 July 31, 1699 John Usher (1692–97) Allen was largely absentee, only arriving in the province in September 1698, well after Bellomont's appointment was known.[32]
William Partridge (1699–1701)
Richard Coote, 1st Earl of Bellomont June 18, 1697 March 5, 1701/2 Bellomont was only in the province from July 31 to August 18, 1699. He died on March 5, 1701/2.
Vacant
Joseph Dudley April 1, 1702 October 7, 1716 John Usher (1702–1715)
Vacant George Vaughan (1715–17)
Samuel Shute May 10, 1716 January 1, 1723
John Wentworth (elder) (1717–30)
Vacant
William Burnet December 19, 1727?[45] September 7, 1729 Burnet was only in the province from April to May 1729, and died the following September.
Vacant Wentworth's lieutenant governorship briefly overlapped Belcher's administration.
Jonathan Belcher December 11, 1729 December 12, 1741 David Dunbar (1730–37)
Vacant
Benning Wentworth June 4, 1741 July 30, 1767 Wentworth was a son of the elder John Wentworth.[46]
John Temple (titular only, 1762–74)[47][48]
John Wentworth (younger) August 11, 1766 August 24, 1775 Wentworth was grandson of the elder John Wentworth and nephew to Benning Wentworth.[49]
Source unless otherwise cited: The Federal and State Constitutions, Volume 4, pp. 2527–2531
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Clark, pp. 17–18
Jump up ^ "Fast New Hampshire Facts". State of New Hampshire. Retrieved 2011-07-09.
^ Jump up to: a b Drake, p. 133
^ Jump up to: a b Belknap, pp. 1:21,25–26
^ Jump up to: a b Belknap, pp. 1:44,50
^ Jump up to: a b Tuttle (1887), p. 89
Jump up ^ Tuttle (1887), p. 79
^ Jump up to: a b Tuttle (1887), p. 86
Jump up ^ Tuttle (1887), pp. 79, 86
Jump up ^ Belknap, pp. 1:21,291
^ Jump up to: a b Fry, p. 34
Jump up ^ Quint, p. 17
Jump up ^ Tuttle (1887), p. 69
^ Jump up to: a b Fry, p. 35
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 37
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 38
Jump up ^ Hart, pp. 1:112, 1:607
Jump up ^ Capen (p. 54) incorrectly lists Dudley as deputy; it was in fact Endecott. Davis, p. 163
^ Jump up to: a b c Fry, p. 66
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 65
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 69
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 70
Jump up ^ Belknap, p. 1:178
^ Jump up to: a b Sanborn, pp. 109–110
Jump up ^ Tuttle (1888), pp. 1–12
Jump up ^ Barnes, p. 54
^ Jump up to: a b Barnes, p. 69
Jump up ^ Barnes, p. 55
Jump up ^ Moore, p. 385
Jump up ^ Barnes, p. 72
Jump up ^ Tuttle (1888), p. 11
^ Jump up to: a b The American Quarterly Register, pp. 272–273
Jump up ^ Clark, p. 62
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 85
^ Jump up to: a b Fry, p. 84
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 93
Jump up ^ The Federal and State Constitutions, p. 2529
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 258
Jump up ^ Barry, pp. 66, 128
Jump up ^ Barry, p. 119
Jump up ^ Barry, p. 122
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 104
Jump up ^ Mayo, pp. 160–161
Jump up ^ Sanborn, p. 217
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 523. Extant copies of Burnet's commission have no date, but has a marginal annotation suggesting it was issued December 19, 1727.
Jump up ^ Clark, p. 97
Jump up ^ Wilson, p. 106
Jump up ^ Fry, p. 87
Jump up ^ The American Quarterly Register, p. 409
References[edit]
The American Quarterly Register, Volume 13. Boston: American Education Society. 1841. OCLC 1480639.
Barnes, Viola Florence (1960) [1923]. The Dominion of New England: A Study in British Colonial Policy. New York: Frederick Ungar. ISBN 978-0-8044-1065-6. OCLC 395292.
Barry, John Stetson (1856). The History of Massachusetts. Boston: Phillips, Sampson and Company. OCLC 19089435.
Belknap, Jeremy (1813). The History of New-Hampshire. Boston: Bradford and Read. OCLC 193666. Volume 1
Capen, Nahum (ed) (1851). The Massachusetts State Record, Volume 5. Boston: James French. OCLC 1770853. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Clark, Charles E (1970). The Eastern Frontier: The Settlement of Northern New England 1610–1763. New York: Knopf. OCLC 582073285.
Davis, William Thomas (1895). Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, Volume 1. Boston, MA: The Boston History Company. OCLC 15711603.
Drake, Samuel Adams (1886). The Making of New England. New York: C. Scribner's. OCLC 24334696.
Fry, William Henry (1908). New Hampshire as a Royal Province. New York: Columbia University. OCLC 1981065.
Hart, Albert Bushnell (ed) (1927). Commonwealth History of Massachusetts. New York: The States History Company. OCLC 1543273. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Mayo, Lawrence Shaw (1921). John Wentworth, Governor of New Hampshire: 1767–1775. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. OCLC 1609815.
Moore, Jacob Bailey (1851). Lives of the Governors of New Plymouth and Massachusetts Bay. Boston: C. D. Strong. OCLC 11362972.
Quint, Alonzo; Scales, John (2009) [1900]. Historical Memoranda Concerning Persons and Places in Old Dover, New Hampshire. Westminster, MD: Heritage Books. ISBN 978-0-7884-4382-4. OCLC 179483796.
Sanborn, Frederick (1904). New Hampshire: an Epitome of Popular Government. Boston and New York: Houghton, Mifflin. OCLC 1225004.
Tuttle, Charles Wesley (1880). New Hampshire Without Provincial Government, 1689–1690: an Historical Sketch. Cambridge, MA: J. Wilson and Son. OCLC 12783351.
Tuttle, Charles Wesley (1887). Capt. John Mason, the Founder of New Hampshire. Boston: Prince Society. OCLC 17821309.
The Federal and State Constitutions, Colonial Charters, and Other Organic Laws of the State, Territories, and Colonies Now or Heretofore Forming the United States of America. Washington, DC: United States Government. 1909. OCLC 519706.
Wilson, James Grant (1893). The Memorial History of New York. New York: New-York History Co. OCLC 318372973.
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text:
There's a Hole in My Bucket
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Not to be confused with My Bucket's Got a Hole in It.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
"There's a Hole in My Bucket" (or "...in the Bucket") is a children's song, based on a dialogue between two characters, called Henry and Liza, about a leaky bucket. The song describes a deadlock situation: Henry has a leaky bucket, and Liza tells him to repair it. To fix the leaky bucket, he needs straw. To cut the straw, he needs an axe. To sharpen the axe, he needs to wet the sharpening stone. To wet the stone, he needs water. But to fetch water, he needs the bucket, which has a hole in it.
Contents
[hide]
1 Lyrics
2 Origins and development
3 References
4 External links
Lyrics[edit]
Henry?
Oh, Henry?

Yes, Liza!

Did you fetch the water?

Don't fetch the water...

There's a hole in the bucket, dear Liza, dear Liza,
There's a hole in the bucket, dear Liza, a hole.

Well, fix it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
Well, fix it, dear Henry, dear Henry, fix it.

With what shall I fix it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what shall I fix it, dear Liza, with what?

With a straw, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
With a straw, dear Henry, dear Henry, with a straw.

But the straw is too long, dear Liza, dear Liza,
The straw is too long, dear Liza, too long.

Cut it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
Well, cut it, dear Henry, dear Henry, cut it.

With what shall I cut it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what shall I cut it, dear Liza, with what?

With an axe, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
With an axe, dear Henry, dear Henry, an axe.

The axe is too dull, dear Liza, dear Liza,
The axe is too dull, dear Liza, too dull.

Sharpen it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
Well, sharpen it, dear Henry, dear Henry, hone it.

On what shall I sharpen it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
On what shall I hone it, dear Liza, with what?

On a stone, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
On a stone, dear Henry, dear Henry, on a stone.

But the stone is too dry, dear Liza, dear Liza,
The stone is too dry, dear Liza, too dry.

Well, wet it, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
Well, wet it, dear Henry, dear Henry, wet it.

With what shall I wet it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
With what shall I wet it, dear Liza, with what?

Try water, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
Try water, dear Henry, dear Henry, use water.

In what shall I fetch it, dear Liza, dear Liza?
In what shall I fetch it, dear Liza, in what?

In a bucket, dear Henry, dear Henry, dear Henry,
In a bucket, dear Henry, dear Henry, in a bucket.

There's a hole in the bucket, dear Liza, dear Liza,
There's a hole in the bucket, dear Liza, a hole.
Origins and development[edit]
The earliest known archetype of this song seems to be in the German collection of songs Bergliederbüchlein (c 1700). It is set as a dialogue between a woman named Liese, and an unnamed man.[citation needed]
Wenn der Beltz em Loch hat –
stop es zu meine liebe Liese
Womit soll ich es zustopfen –
mit Stroh, meine liebe Liese.
When the jug has a hole –
stop it up my dear Liese
With what shall I stop it –
with straw my dear Liese.
In later German sources the song is reproduced under the title of Heinrich und Liese and credited as a folk song from Hesse. In the 19th century it was sung as a commercium song and printed in the 1858 Kommersbuch. The renowned song collection Deutscher Liederhort (3 volumes, 1856–1894) edited by Ludwig Erk and Franz Magnus Böhme includes the song, relating it also to the Flemish song Mooy Bernardyn ("Wat doet gy in het groene veld ?"). The German song became even more widespread when it was included in the famous Wandervogel songbook Der Zupfgeigenhansl in 1909.
In George Korson's "Pennsylvania Songs and Legends" (1949) there is a song with meter closer to the modern English version and beginning thus:
Wann der Tschock awer en Loch hot
Liewer Georgie Liewer Georgie,
Wann der Tschock a wer en Loch hot?
Dummer Ding, dann schtopp'n zu!
When the jug has a hole
Dear Georgie, dear Georgie
When the jug has a hole
'Stupid thing, then stop it up!
This was collected in 1940, and is earlier than any known English-language version. This suggests that it might be a traditional "Pennsylvania Dutch" (i.e. German) song. Ed McCurdy recorded it in 1958 on "Children's Songs". Harry Belafonte recorded it with Odetta in 1960. It was in the UK charts in 1961. In his book "Where Have All the Flowers Gone" (1993), Pete Seeger refers to it as an originally German song, "Lieber Heinrich". "Songs Along the Mahantongo: Pennsylvania Dutch Folksongs" (1951), by Boyer, Buffington, & Yoder, has a version
Was soll ich koche, liewer Hei,
Liewer Heinrich, liewer Heinrich?
Was soll ich koche, liewer Heinrich,
Was dann?
What should I cook, dear Henry,
Dear Henry, dear Henry?
What should I cook, dear Henry,
Tell me what. (literally: What then?)
These German-American versions all have Henry as the foolish questioner and Lisa as the common-sense woman.
In 1953, Flanders and Swann wrote a parody named "There's a Hole in My Budget" satirising the British budget deficit, substituting the Prime Minister Winston Churchill and Chancellor Rab Butler for Henry and Liza, respectively. They rerecorded it in 1974, updating the characters to Harold Wilson and Denis Healey.[1]
Czech lyrics were written by M. Bukovič,[2] who stayed true to the English lyrics of the song and only translated it while keeping the rhyme. It was first sung by the band Fešáci in 1977 by their front man Michal Tučný.[relevant? – discuss]
A Hebrew version was written by Israeli songwriter Dan Almagor and was recorded in 1961, sung by Yossi Banai and Yona Atari.[citation needed][relevant? – discuss]
In a 1966 episode of The Dean Martin Show, Dean Martin and George Gobel sang a version of the song on television. [3]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ The Logic Programming Tutor - Jocelyn Paine - Google Books. Retrieved 26 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Jánský, Petr, ed. (1994). Já, písnička [Me, a song] (in Czech). I.. MUSIC CHEB.
Jump up ^ "George Gobel / Vikki Carr / Phil Harris". TV.com.
External links[edit]
German Wikisource has original text related to this article:
"Wenn der Pott nu awer"
Folk Music Index – His to Hol
"Wenn der Pott aber nu en Loch hat" / "There's a hole in the bucket", ingeb.org
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=There%27s_a_Hole_in_My_Bucket&oldid=819700589"
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Madame Tussauds
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Tussauds" redirects here. For the company, see The Tussauds Group.
Madame Tussauds and the London Planetarium
Madame Tussauds (UK: /tjuːˈsɔːdz/, US: /tuːˈsoʊz/; the family themselves pronounce it /ˈtuːsoʊ/[1]) is a wax museum in London with smaller museums in a number of other major cities. It was founded by wax sculptor Marie Tussaud. It used to be known as "Madame Tussaud's"; the apostrophe is no longer used.[2][3] Madame Tussauds is a major tourist attraction in London, displaying the waxworks of famous and historic people and also popular film characters. The first Madame Tussauds in India opened in Delhi in December 2017 with its operator Merlin Entertainments foraying into India with an investment plan of 50 million pounds over the next 10 years.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Background
1.2 Origins
1.3 Ownership changes
1.4 Recent status
2 Museums locations
2.1 Asia
2.2 Europe
2.3 North America
2.4 Oceania
3 In popular culture
3.1 Celebrity poses with their wax figures
3.2 Films
3.3 Games
3.4 Literature
3.5 Music
3.6 Stage productions
3.7 Television
4 List of the wax figures
4.1 A
4.2 B
4.3 C
4.4 D
4.5 E
4.6 F
4.7 G
4.8 H
4.9 I
4.10 J
4.11 K
4.12 L
4.13 M
4.14 N
4.15 O
4.16 P
4.17 Q
4.18 R
4.19 S
4.20 T
4.21 U
4.22 V
4.23 W
4.24 X
4.25 Y
4.26 Z
5 Notes
6 Gallery
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
History[edit]
Background[edit]
Marie Tussaud was born as Marie Grosholtz in 1761 in Strasbourg, France. Her mother worked as a housekeeper for Dr. Philippe Curtius in Bern, Switzerland, who was a physician skilled in wax modeling. Curtius taught Tussaud the art of wax modelling. He moved to Paris and took his young apprentice, only 6 years old, with him.[5]
Tussaud created her first wax sculpture in 1777 of Voltaire.[6] At the age of 17 she became the art tutor to King Louis XVI of France’s sister, Madame Elizabeth, at the Palace of Versailles. During the French Revolution she was imprisoned for three months awaiting execution, but was released after the intervention of an influential friend.[5] Other famous people whom she modelled included Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Benjamin Franklin. During the Revolution, she modelled many prominent victims.[7]
She inherited the doctor's vast collection of wax models following his death in 1794, and spent the next 33 years travelling around Europe. She married Francois Tussaud in 1795, and the show acquired a new name: Madame Tussaud's. In 1802, she accepted an invitation from Paul Philidor, a magic lantern and phantasmagoria pioneer, to exhibit her work alongside his show at the Lyceum Theatre, London. She did not fare particularly well financially, with Philidor taking half of her profits.
She was unable to return to France because of the Napoleonic Wars, so she traveled throughout Great Britain and Ireland exhibiting her collection. From 1831, she took a series of short leases on the upper floor of "Baker Street Bazaar" (on the west side of Baker Street, Dorset Street, and King Street),[8] which later featured in the Druce-Portland case sequence of trials of 1898–1907. This became Tussaud's first permanent home in 1836.[9]
Origins[edit]
Poster for the Tussaud wax figure's exhibition, Baker Street, London 1835.
By 1835, Marie had settled down in Baker Street, London and opened a museum.[10] One of the main attractions of her museum was the Chamber of Horrors. The name is often credited to a contributor to Punch in 1845, but Marie appears to have originated it herself, using it in advertising as early as 1843.[11]
This part of the exhibition included victims of the French Revolution and newly created figures of murderers and other criminals. Other famous people were added, including Lord Nelson and Sir Walter Scott.[citation needed]
Some sculptures still exist that were done by Marie Tussaud herself. The gallery originally contained some 400 different figures, but fire damage in 1925 coupled with German bombs in 1941 has rendered most of these older models defunct. The casts themselves have survived, allowing the historical waxworks to be remade, and these can be seen in the museum's history exhibit. The oldest figure on display is that of Madame du Barry, the work of Curtius from 1765 and part of the waxworks left to Tussaud at his death. Other faces from the time of Tussaud include Robespierre and George III. In 1842, she made a self-portrait which is now on display at the entrance of her museum. She died in her sleep on 16 April 1850.[citation needed]
Bernard Tussaud finishes the wax figure of Lady Alice Scott and the Duke of Gloucester - 1935.10.16
By 1883, the restricted space and rising cost of the Baker Street site prompted her grandson Joseph Randall to commission the building at its current location on Marylebone Road. The new exhibition galleries were opened on 14 July 1884 and were a great success.[12] However, Randall had bought out his cousin Louisa's half share in the business in 1881, and that plus the building costs meant that the business was under-funded. A limited company was formed in 1888 to attract fresh capital but had to be dissolved after disagreements between the family shareholders, and Tussaud's was sold to a group of businessmen in February 1889 led by Edwin Josiah Poyser.[13]
Edward White was an artist who was dismissed by the new owners to save money; he allegedly sent a parcel bomb to John Theodore Tussaud in June 1889 in revenge.[14]
The first sculpture of a young Winston Churchill was made in 1908, with a total of ten made since.[15] The first overseas branch of Madame Tussauds was opened in Amsterdam in 1970.[16]
Ownership changes[edit]
In 2005, Madame Tussauds was sold to company in Dubai, Dubai International Capital, for £800m (US$1.5bn). In May 2007 Blackstone Group purchased The Tussauds Group from then-owner Dubai International Capital for US$1.9 billion;[17] the company was merged with Blackstone's Merlin Entertainments and operation of Madame Tussauds was taken over by Merlin.[18][19] After the Tussauds acquisition, Dubai International Capital gained 20% of Merlin Entertainment.[20] The Tussauds Group as a separate entity ceased to exist.
On 17 July 2007, as part of the financing for the Tussauds deal, Merlin sold the freehold of Madame Tussauds to private investor Nick Leslau and his investment firm Prestbury under a sale and leaseback agreement.[21] Although the attraction sites are owned by Prestbury, they are operated by Merlin based on a renewable 35-year lease.[22]
Recent status[edit]
Wikinews has related news:
Amy Winehouse wax model unveiled
Man rips off Hitler waxwork's head in Berlin
Wax Hitler will return to museum after three years of repairs
Madame Tussaud's wax museum became a major tourist attraction in London, incorporating (until 2010) the London Planetarium in its west wing and a large animated dark ride, The Spirit of London, opened in 1993. Today's wax figures at Tussauds include historical and royal figures, film stars, sports stars, and famous murderers. It is known as "Madame Tussauds" museums (no apostrophe) since 2007.
In July 2008, Madame Tussauds' Berlin branch became embroiled in controversy when a 41-year-old German man brushed past two guards and decapitated a wax figure depicting Adolf Hitler. This was believed to be an act of protest against showing the ruthless dictator alongside sports heroes, movie stars, and other historical figures. However, the statue has since been repaired and the perpetrator has admitted that he attacked the statue to win a bet.[23] The original model of Hitler was unveiled in Madame Tussauds London in April 1933; it was frequently vandalised and a 1936 replacement had to be carefully guarded.[24][25][26]
In November 2015, Madame Tussauds announced that it would open a museum in New Delhi in 2017.[16]
In January 2016, the statue of Adolf Hitler was removed from the London museum in response to an open letter sent by a staff writer of The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles, followed by significant support for its removal from social media.[27]
The first Madame Tussauds in India opened in Delhi on 1 December 2017.[28][29] It features over 50 wax models including Prime Minister Narendra Modi, Amitabh Bachchan, Sachin Tendulkar, Kim Kardashian, Leonardo DiCaprio, Scarlett Johansson, Angelina Jolie, Asha Bhosle, Kapil Dev, Mary Kom and Tom Cruise.[30]
Museums locations[edit]
Entry of Madame Tussauds in Berlin
Madame Tussauds in New York City opened in 2000.
Madame Tussauds opened in Washington, D.C. in 2007.
Asia[edit]
Beijing, China
Chongqing, China
Shanghai, China
Wuhan, China
Hong Kong
Delhi, India
Tokyo, Japan
Singapore
Bangkok, Thailand
Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Europe[edit]
Amsterdam, Netherlands
Berlin, Germany
Blackpool, United Kingdom
Istanbul, Turkey
London, United Kingdom
Prague, Czech Republic
Vienna, Austria
Paris, France
North America[edit]
Hollywood, Los Angeles, United States
Las Vegas, United States
Nashville, United States
New York City, United States
Orlando, United States
San Francisco, United States
Washington, D.C., United States
Oceania[edit]
Sydney, Australia
In popular culture[edit]
Celebrity poses with their wax figures[edit]
Many times celebrities pose like their wax figures as pranks and publicity stunts.
On 3 November 2009, the museum's New York City branch was featured in a segment on NBC's The Today Show in which weatherman Al Roker posed in place of his lifelike wax figure for two hours and startled unsuspecting visitors, who were at first led to believe they were viewing Roker's wax counterpart.[31]
In 2010, Ozzy Osbourne did similarly in New York to promote his Scream (2010) album.[32]
In 2012, One Direction posed as their statues in the London museum, as a prank for the TV series Surprise Surprise.[33]
National Basketball Association players Carmelo Anthony and Jeremy Lin pranked fans during the unveiling of their statues at the New York and San Francisco museums, respectively.[34][35]
In 2015, Arnold Schwarzenegger posed as the Terminator statue in the Hollywood museum, to promote a charity event.[36]
Films[edit]
In Alfred Hitchcock's The 39 Steps, Mr. Hannay tells Pamela that his uncle is featured in Madame Tussaud's murderer section and that one day she will be able to take her grandchildren to Madame Tussaud's to see him.
Some sequences of the film Housefull 3 were shot in the Madame Tussauds, London.
Parts of the film Fan (2016) were shot at Madame Tussauds, making it the first Indian film to be shot there.
Madame Tussauds features in the film Shanghai Knights (2003).
Games[edit]
Madame Tussauds is featured in an Assassin's Creed Unity side mission, where the player is tasked with retrieving the severed heads of which Madame Tussauds was commissioned to make replicas.
Literature[edit]
There is a brief reference to Madame Tussaud's work in the Sherlock Holmes story "The Mazarin Stone."
In Jules Verne novel Around the World in Eighty Days, his author says that the only thing the wax figures sculpted by Madame Tussaud lack is speech.
In Elizabeth Bowen's novel The Death of the Heart (1938), Portia and Eddie have tea at Madame Tussaud's and Portia is disappointed that the waitresses are real and not made of wax.
In the novel Edgar Allan Poe and the London Monster (2016) by Karen Lee Street, Madame Tussaud meets twice with Edgar Allan Poe and C. Auguste Dupin at her exhibition halls.
Music[edit]
In Gilbert and Sullivan's song "My Object All Sublime", from The Mikado (1885), the title character sings of punishments fitting the crime, including:
The amateur tenor, whose vocal villainies
All desire to shirk,
Shall, during off-hours
Exhibit his powers
To Madame Tussaud's waxwork.
Madame Tussauds is the focus of Steve Taylor's song "Meltdown (at Madame Tussauds)", which describes someone turning up the thermostat and causing the wax figures to melt.[37] Taylor wrote the song as "a new metaphor to ask [the] same question" as Jesus, "What good is it for a man to gain the whole world, yet forfeit his soul?"[38]
The Beatles had their wax figures featured along with cardboard cutouts of various famous people in the cover art for Sgt. Pepper's Lonely Hearts Club Band (1967).[39]
Several sculptures from the London branch ( including George Bush and Blair ) appear in the music video "Pop!ular" by singer-songwriter Darren Hayes.
Madame Tussauds sculptures are used on the cover of Rick Wakeman's album The Six Wives of Henry VIII. A waxwork of Richard Nixon also appears in the background.
Stage productions[edit]
Marie Tussaud is mentioned in The Scarlet Pimpernel (first run on stage in 1903, first publication 1905).
Television[edit]
In 2015, the judges of NBC show America's Got Talent posed in the New York Madame Tussaud's location and led visitors to believe that they were part of a special display, when they were actually real people (Season 10, Episode 18).
Madame Tussauds in Las Vegas was featured in Travel Channel`s Ghost Adventures.
In the Parks and Recreation episode "Indianapolis", Leslie Knope mentions the "Misshapen Celebrity Palace", a fictional tourist trap where Madame Tussauds sends their failed wax figures.
Madame Tussauds is mentioned in the American-British drama series Penny Dreadful (Season 2, Episode 1).
List of the wax figures[edit]
The following is a list of the wax figures (consisting of artists (painters, writers, musicians, comedians, film directors, film producers, actors and actresses), businesspersons, politicians, country leaders (presidents, monarchy rulers and supreme leaders), athletes, personalities (celebrity figures, performers, reality television personalities, TV hosts, chefs, models, socialites, philanthropists and internet celebrities/Youtubers), historical figures (military figures, revolutionaries, founders, activists and criminals), religious leaders, animated and film characters) which are displayed at one of the Madame Tussauds museums, whether in London or elsewhere.[40][41][42][43][44][45][46][47][48][49][50][51][52][53][54][55][56][57][58][59][60][61][62][63]
A[edit]
Abraham Lincoln
Adolf Hitler (see image)
Aishwarya Rai Bachchan
Alan Carr
Albert Einstein
Alex Ovechkin
Alfie Deyes
Alfred Hitchcock (see image)
Alicia Keys
Al Pacino
Al Roker
Alan Jackson
Afrojack
Amitabh Bachchan
Amy Winehouse
Anil Kapoor
Anita Mui
Adele
Adriana Lima
Anderson Cooper
Andrew Jackson
Anduin Lothar[N. 1] (Warcraft character)
Andy Lau
Anne Frank
Anne Hathaway
Angela Merkel
Angelina Jolie (see image)
Anggun
Ant And Dec
Anthony Hopkins
A P J Abdul Kalam
Arda Turan
Ariana Grande
Armin van Buuren
Arnold Schwarzenegger as Terminator
Asha Bhosale
Audrey Hepburn
Austin Mahone
Ayrton Senna
B[edit]
BB-8 (Star Wars character)
Babe Ruth
Bae Suzy
Bae Yong Joon
Barbara Cartland[64]
Barack Obama
Bear Grylls
Queen Beatrix
Benazir Bhutto
Benjamin Franklin
Benedict Cumberbatch
Benny Hill (see image)
Beren Saat
Beyoncé
King Bhumibol Adulyadej
Bill Clinton
Bill Gates[65]
Bill Kaulitz
Billy Idol
Billie Holiday
Blake Shelton
Blue Man Group
Bob the Builder
Bob Dylan
Bob Hawke
Bob Hope
Bob Marley
Bomb (The Angry Birds character)
Bono[66]
Boris Johnson
Boy George
Brad Pitt
Bradley Cooper as Phil Wenneck
Britney Spears
Brian Lara
Bruce Forsyth
Bruce Lee
Bruce Springsteen
Bruce Willis
Bruno Mars
Bugsy Siegel
C[edit]
C-3PO (Star Wars character)
Calvin Harris
Cameron Diaz
Camilla Parker Bowles (see image)
Captain America[N. 2] (Marvel character)
Cara Delevingne
Carrie Fisher as Princess Leia
Carrie Underwood
Carmelo Anthony
Princess Catherine
Cathy Freeman
Celine Dion
Channing Tatum
Prince Charles (see image)
Charles Dickens
Charlie Chaplin (see image)
Charlize Theron
Charlton Heston
Cher
Cheryl
Chewbacca (Star Wars character)
Chuck (The Angry Birds character)
Choi Si-won
Christian Bale
Clark Gable
Cleopatra
Clint Eastwood
Cody Simpson
Conchita Wurst
Colin Firth
Colin Morgan as Merlin
Christina Aguilera
Criss Angel
Cristiano Ronaldo[67]
Cro
Cybill Shepherd
D[edit]
Dalai Lama (see image)[68]
Dame Edna Everage
Dan Marino
Daniel Craig as James Bond
Daniel Radcliffe
Dannii Minogue
Darius Rucker
Denzel Washington
Darth Maul (Star Wars character)
Darth Vader (Star Wars character)
David Alaba
David Attenborough
David Beckham
David Bowie
David Cameron
David Copperfield
David Hasselhoff
David Jason
Davina McCall
Delta Goodrem
Demi Lovato
Derek Jeter
Desmond Tutu (see image)
Princess Diana (see image)
Dirk Nowitzki
Dolly Parton
Don Bradman
Don King
Donald Trump[N. 3]
Donnie Yen
Dorothy Parker
Doutzen Kroes
Durotan (Warcraft character)
Dwayne Johnson
E[edit]
E.T.
Ed Sheeran
Ella Fitzgerald
Eli Manning
Queen Elizabeth II (see image)
Elton John
Elvis Presley
Emma Watson
Eric Bana
Eric Church
Erich Honecker
Evander Holyfield
Enzo Knol
F[edit]
Faith Hill
Fidel Castro
Fan Bingbing
Frank Bruno[70]
Frank Sinatra[N. 4]
Franklin D. Roosevelt
Fred Astaire
Fergie
Freddie Mercury
Frederick Douglass
G[edit]
G.E.M.
Garona Halforcen[N. 5] (Warcraft character)
Genghis Khan
George Clooney
George Harrison (see image of The Beatles)
George Jones
George Lopez
George Strait
George W. Bush
George Washington
Gérard Depardieu
Ginger Rogers
Glenn McGrath
Gok Wan
Gordon Ramsay[71]
Greg Inglis
Grumpy Cat
Gwen Stefani
H[edit]
Halle Berry
Hank Williams
Hardwell
Harrison Ford[N. 6] as Han Solo
Prince Harry
Harvey Milk
Hawkeye[N. 7] (Marvel character)
Heath Ledger[72]
Hedo Türkoğlu
Heidi Klum
Helen Keller
Helen Mirren
Helena Bonham Carter
Hello Kitty
King Henry VIII
Hermann Maier
Hillary Clinton
Howard Hughes
Hrithik Roshan
Hu Jintao
Hugh Bonneville
Hugh Hefner
Humphrey Bogart
The Incredible Hulk (Marvel character)
I[edit]
Ian Thorpe
Indira Gandhi
Isaac Newton
The Invisible Woman[N. 8] (Marvel character)
Iron Man (Marvel character)
J[edit]
J. Edgar Hoover
Jabba the Hutt (Star Wars character)
Jackie Chan
Jacqueline Bouvier Kennedy
Jamie Foxx
Jamie Oliver[73]
James Dean
James Madison
James Stewart
Jane Lynch as Sue Sylvester
Janis Joplin
Jason Aldean
Jason Derulo
Jay Chou
Jenna Marbles
Jennifer Aniston
Jennifer Lopez
Jeremy Lin
Jerry Garcia
Jerry Springer
Jessica Ennis-Hill
Jessica Simpson
Jet Li
Jiang Zemin
Jim Carrey
Jim Parsons
Jimmy Fallon
Jimi Hendrix
Jodie Foster
Joe Hart
Joe Montana
John Bishop
John F. Kennedy
John Howard
John Travolta
Johnny Cash
Johnny Depp[N. 9] as Jack Sparrow (see image)
John Lennon (see image of The Beatles)
John Wayne (see image)
Joko Widodo[74]
Jon Hamm
Jonah Lomu
Jonas Brothers
José Mourinho[75]
Juan Ponce de León
Judy Garland
Julia Gillard
Julia Roberts
Julie Andrews
Juliette Gordon Low
Junichiro Koizumi
Justin Bieber
Justin Timberlake
K[edit]
Kanye West
Kapil Dev
Kareena Kapoor
Karl Marx
Kate McKinnon as Jillian Holtzmann
Kate Moss
Kate Winslet
Katniss Everdeen[N. 10] (The Hunger Games character)
Katy Perry
Katrina Kaif
Kazuyoshi Miura
Keira Knightley as herself and Elizabeth Swann (see image)
Keith Lemon
Keith Urban
Kendall Jenner
Kenny Rogers
Kim Kardashian
Kim Soo-Hyun
Kim Hyun Joong
Kobe Bryant
Kong
Kris Wu
Kukrit Pramoj
Kung Fu Panda
Kwa Geok Choo
Kylie Minogue (see image)
L[edit]
Lance Armstrong
Lady Gaga (see image)
Lang Lang
Larry King
Laverne Cox
Lee Hsien Loong
Lee Jong-suk
Lee Kuan Yew
Lee Min-ho[76]
Leona Lewis
Leonardo da Vinci
Leonardo DiCaprio
Lewis Hamilton
Li Na
Lin Dan
Lionel Messi
Loretta Lynn
Lu Han
Luciano Pavarotti
Lucille Ball
Luke Bryan
Lorde
Louis XVI
Louis Armstrong
Louis Koo
Louis Walsh
Ludwig van Beethoven
M[edit]
Madhubala
Madhuri Dixit
Madonna
Mahathir Mohamad
Mahatma Gandhi
Makarios III (see image)
Malcolm X
Manuel Neuer
Manny (Ice Age character)
Mao Asada
Mao Zedong
Maria Sharapova
Marco Borsato
Marlon Brando (see image)
Marilyn Monroe (see image)
Marie Antoinette
Marie Tussaud (see image)
Mario Maurer as Mak
Mary Kom
Mark Webber
Mark Zuckerberg
Martin Luther King Jr.
Martin Scorsese
Master Chief
Matt Lauer
Matt Lucas
Marvin Gaye
Queen Máxima
Megan Gale[77]
Mel Gibson as Mad Max[78]
Melissa McCarthy as Abby Yates
Mesut Özil
Michael Jackson (see image)[79]
Michael Phelps
Michael Jordan
Michael Schumacher
Michelle Kwan
Michelle Obama
Michelle Yeoh
Mick Jagger
Mike Tyson
Miley Cyrus
Miriam Yeung
Mo Farah
Morgan Freeman
Mother Teresa[68]
Muddy Waters
Muhammad Ali
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
N[edit]
Nancy Reagan
Naomi Campbell
Napoleon Bonaparte[80]
Narendra Modi
Neil Patrick Harris
Nelson Mandela (see image)
Neymar
Nick Fury[N. 11] (Marvel character)
Nickhun Horvejkul
Nicki Minaj
Nicolas Cage
Nicolas Sarkozy
Nicole Kidman
O[edit]
Obi-Wan Kenobi (Star Wars character)
Olga Korbut (see image)
Olly Murs
One Direction
Oprah Winfrey
Orlando Bloom as Will Turner
Oscar Wilde
Otto von Bismarck
Ozzy Osbourne[81]
P[edit]
Pablo Picasso
Paddy McGuinness
Paris Hilton
Park Hae-jin
Patrick Swayze
Patsy Cline
Paul McCartney (see image of The Beatles)
Paul Newman
Pelé
Penelope Cruz
Peng Liyuan
Peter Andre
Peter Dinklage
Pitbull
Pharrell Williams
Phil Taylor
Prince Philip (see image)
Pierce Brosnan as James Bond (see image)
Pink
Plaek Phibunsongkhram
Pope Benedict XVI
Pope Francis
Pope John Paul II (see image)
Prabhas
Prem Tinsulanonda
Pridi Banomyong
Prince
Q[edit]
Quentin Crisp
Quentin Tarantino
Qais Al Khonji
R[edit]
Ranbir Kapoor
Randy Travis
Rafael Nadal
Rafael van der Vaart
The Rat Pack
Red (The Angry Birds character)
Reba McEntire
Rebel Wilson
Rembrandt
Rey (Star Wars character)
Ricky Martin
Rihanna
Ringo Starr (see image of The Beatles)
Robert Baden-Powell
Robert De Niro
Robert Downey Jr.[N. 12] as Sherlock Holmes
Robert Mugabe
Robert Pattinson
Robert Redford
Robin Williams
Ronaldinho[82]
Ronald Reagan
Rosa Parks
Ross Lynch
Rudy Hartono[83]
RuPaul
Ryan Gosling
Ryan Reynolds
Ryan Seacrest
S[edit]
Sachin Tendulkar (see image)
Saddam Hussein
Salma Hayek
Salman Khan
Salvador Dalí
Sam Smith
Sandra Bullock
Sarah Michelle Gellar
Scarlett Johansson
Scrat (Ice Age character)
Sean Combs (Diddy)
Sean Connery
Sebastian Vettel
Selena Gomez
Selena Quintanilla
Seni Pramoj
Serena Williams
Shahrukh Khan
Shakira
Shane Warne
Shaquille O'Neal
Shrek
Shreya Ghoshal
Sid (Ice Age character)
Sigmund Freud
Simon Cowell
Queen Sirikit
The Sleeping Beauty[N. 13] (see image)
Smosh
Snoop Dogg
Sonu Nigam
Sofia Vergara
Spice Girls
Spider-Man (Marvel character) (see image)
Stephen Colbert
Stephen Curry
Stephen Hawking
Steve Irwin
Steve Jobs
Stevie Wonder
Steven Gerrard
Steven Spielberg
Sukarno
Superman (DC character)
Susan Boyle
Sylvester Stallone
T[edit]
Taro Hakase
Tata Young
Tammy Wynette
Taylor Lautner
Taylor Swift
Teresa Teng
Thor[N. 14] (Marvel character)
Thomas Jefferson
Theodore Roosevelt
Tiësto
Tiger Woods
Tim Cahill
Tim McGraw
Tina Turner
Tom Baker
Tom Cruise
Tom Daley
Tom Hanks
Tom Hiddleston as James Conrad
Tom Jones
Tony Bennett
Tony Blair
Tony Hawk[84]
Tony Jaa
Trisha Yearwood
Tupac Shakur
Tyra Banks
U[edit]
Uma Thurman as Beatrix Kiddo
Uncle Sam
Usain Bolt
Usher
V[edit]
Vladimir Putin
Victoria Beckham[N. 15]
Vin Diesel
Vincent van Gogh
W[edit]
Walt Disney[85]
Waylon Jennings
Wayne Newton
Wayne Rooney
Whitney Houston
Whoopi Goldberg[N. 16] as Sister Mary Clarence
will.i.am
Prince William
William Shakespeare
Will Smith
King Willem-Alexander
Winston Churchill
Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart
Wolverine[N. 17] (Marvel character)
X[edit]
Xi Jinping
Y[edit]
Yang Yang[86]
Yao Ming
Yasser Arafat
Yoda (Star Wars character)
Yoko Ono
Z[edit]
Zac Efron
Zach Galifianakis as Alan Garner
Zendaya
Zhang Yixing
Zlatan Ibrahimović
Zoe Saldana
Zoe Sugg
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Travis Fimmel
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Chris Evans
Jump up ^ Made with yak hair[69]
Jump up ^ Also displayed as a Rat Pack member
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Paula Patton
Jump up ^ Also displayed as Indiana Jones
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Jeremy Renner
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Jessica Alba
Jump up ^ Also displayed as a normal figure and as Edward Scissorhands
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Jennifer Lawrence
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Samuel L. Jackson
Jump up ^ Also displayed as Iron Man
Jump up ^ Modelled after Madame du Barry
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Chris Hemsworth
Jump up ^ Also displayed as a Spice Girls member
Jump up ^ Also displayed as Oda Mae Brown in Ghost film
Jump up ^ Portrayed by Hugh Jackman
Gallery[edit]
The Sleeping Beauty is the oldest existing figure on display. It was modeled after Madame du Barry. She appears asleep and a device in her chest makes it seem as if she were breathing.
Madame Tussaud herself at Madame Tussauds in London
Alfred Hitchcock
The Beatles
Benny Hill (Credited Tussauds Gard)
Prince Charles and Camilla
Charlie Chaplin
Elizabeth II and Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
Pope John Paul II, Archbishop Desmond Tutu, the Dalai Lama, and Archbishop Makarios III
Princess Diana
John Wayne (London)
Olga Korbut (London)
Johnny Depp as Jack Sparrow
Keira Knightley
Kylie Minogue
Lady Gaga
Marilyn Monroe
Marlon Brando
Nelson Mandela
Pierce Brosnan as James Bond
Sachin Tendulkar
Mahatma Gandhi
Adolf Hitler
Angelina Jolie
Spider-Man
See also[edit]
Chamber of Horrors (Madame Tussauds), London
Marie Tussaud
Madame Tussauds Delhi
Madame Tussauds Hollywood
Madame Tussauds Hong Kong
Madame Tussauds Las Vegas
Madame Tussauds New York
Madame Tussauds Rock Circus (1989–2001, London)
Madame Tussauds San Francisco
Madame Tussauds Shanghai
Madame Tussauds Singapore
Madame Tussauds Sydney
Madame Tussauds Washington D.C.
Merlin Entertainments
References[edit]
Notes
Jump up ^ Wells, John C. (2009). "Tussaud's". Longman Pronunciation Dictionary. London: Pearson Longman. ISBN 978-1-4058-8118-0.
Jump up ^ Rothstein, Edward (24 August 2007). "Ripley's Believe It or Not – Madame Tussauds". The New York Times. Retrieved 12 May 2010. : "Madame Tussaud (who gave the attraction its now-jettisoned apostrophe) ..."
Jump up ^ Times Online Style Guide – M: "Madame Tussauds (no longer an apostrophe)."
Jump up ^ [1]: "Madame Tussauds (no longer an apostrophe)."
^ Jump up to: a b [2]
Jump up ^ Du Plessis, Amelia. "England – Madame Tussauds". Informational site about England. Archived from the original on 13 December 2011. Retrieved 12 July 2011.
Jump up ^ "Marie Tussaud Facts, information, pictures | Encyclopedia.com articles about Marie Tussaud". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 28 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Pilbeam (2006) pp. 102–106
Jump up ^ Pilbeam (2006) pp. 100–104
Jump up ^ "The History of Madame Tussauds". Madame Tussauds.com.
Jump up ^ Berridge, Kate...But now British actress Emma Watson is already to set and appear here... (2006). Madame Tussaud: A life in wax. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-052847-8.
Jump up ^ Pilbeam, ibid. pp. 166, 168–9.
Jump up ^ Pilbeam, ibid. p. 170.
Jump up ^ "POLICE (20 July 1889 page 6, column 6)". The Times. 20 July 1888. p. 6. Retrieved 12 November 2008.
Jump up ^ Pamela Pilbeam Madame Tussaud: And the History of Waxworks. P.199.
^ Jump up to: a b http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Madame-Tussauds-to-open-shop-in-Delhi/articleshow/49763438.cms
Jump up ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/05/AR2007030501369.html
Jump up ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2812377/Merlin-conjures-up-leaseback-deal.html
Jump up ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/05/AR2007030501369.html
Jump up ^ "Tussauds firm bought in £1bn deal". BBC News. 5 March 2007.
Jump up ^ "Alton Towers sold in £622m deal". BBC News. 17 July 2007. Retrieved 12 May 2010.
Jump up ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/finance/markets/2812377/Merlin-conjures-up-leaseback-deal.html
Jump up ^ "Adolf Hitler returns to Berlin museum after beheading". www.meeja.com.au. 14 September 2008. Archived from the original on 19 September 2008. Retrieved 14 September 2008.
Jump up ^ Pilbeam, ibid. p. 199.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds to repair beheaded Hitler". Associated Press. 7 July 2008. Retrieved 7 July 2008.
Jump up ^ Carrel, Paul (5 July 2008). "Man rips head from Hitler wax figure". Reuters.
Jump up ^ Gur-Arieh, Noga (6 January 2015). "Madame Tussauds Museum in London Removed Hitler Figure". The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. Retrieved 10 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds debuts in Delhi". BBC News. 1 December 2017. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Delhi to officially open for public on December 1". The Indian Express. 30 November 2017. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
Jump up ^ https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/industry/miscellaneous/take-a-sneak-peek-into-indias-first-madame-tussauds-in-delhi/wax-figure-of-pm-narendra-modi/slideshow/61262357.cms
Jump up ^ Al makes people jump out of their skin
Jump up ^ Ozzy Osbourne scares people at Madame Tussauds. Retrieved 30 May 2010.
Jump up ^ It's really them! One Direction prank four delighted fans by pretending to be wax work models for Surprise Surprise, Daily Mail
Jump up ^ CARMELO ANTHONY TAKES THE TIME TO PRANK VISITORS AT MADAME TUSSAUD’S
Jump up ^ Jeremy Lin pranks at Madame Tussauds, pretends to be wax likeness
Jump up ^ Arnold Schwarzenegger scares the bejeezus out of tourists at Madame Tussauds
Jump up ^ "Meltdown (At Madame Tussaud's) – Meltdown – Steve Taylor Discography". Sock Heaven. Retrieved 14 November 2010.
Jump up ^ "Cloning Around With Steve Taylor". Todays Christian Music. Archived from the original on 12 March 2017. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Beatles waxworks sell for £81,500
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Amsterdam" (in Dutch). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Bangkok". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Beijing" (in Chinese). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Chongqing" (in Chinese). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Shanghai" (in Chinese). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Wuhan" (in Chinese). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Berlin" (in German). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Blackpool". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Delhi". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Holywood". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Hong Kong" (in Chinese). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Istanbul" (in Turkish). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Las Vegas". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds London". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Nashville". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds New York". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Orlando". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Prague" (in Czech). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds San Fransisco". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Singapore". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Sydney". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Tokyo" (in Japanese). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Vienna" (in German). madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds Washington D.C". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Barbara Cartland - Queen of the romance novel, Madame Tussauds". gettyimages.com. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bill Gates - Madame Tussauds New York". myworldshots.com. 22 April 2013. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "U2 Rocker Bono Wax Figure Unveiled At Madame Tussauds New York". gettyimages.co.uk. 16 March 2006. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "World Cup 2010: Cristiano Ronaldo gets Madam Tussauds waxwork". telegraph.co.uk. 10 June 2010. Retrieved 5 May 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Dalai Lama and Mother Theresa - Madame Tussauds Prague". tripadvisor.com (Marieta_Oradea). Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "New Trump appears in London ... with yak hair". edition.cnn.com. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 4 May 2017.
Jump up ^ [3]
Jump up ^ "Gordon Ramsay - Madame Tussauds Blackpool". tripadvisor.co.id (dan_wigan). Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Heath Ledger @ Madame Tussauds Sydney". youtube.com (2eDIG). 22 May 2012. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jamie Oliver Unveils His Waxwork at Madame Tussauds in London". gettyimages.com. 19 July 2005. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "PRESIDENT JOKO WIDODO". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jose Mourinho Madame Tussauds London Aug 2009". flickr.com (symonmreynolds). 14 August 2009. Retrieved 4 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Lee Min Ho gets Madame Tussauds wax figure in China". dramafever.com. 10 November 2014. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Welcome to the uncanny valley! Megan Gale comes face-to-face with her near-identical Madame Tussauds wax figure... and can't help but take a selfie with her new twin". dailymail.co.uk. 17 May 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Mel Gibson as Mad Max - Madame Tussauds Sydney". tripadvisor.com.au (4x4wheelers). Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "MICHAEL JACKSON". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 6 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Napoleon Bonaparte - Madame Tussauds Berlin". alamy.com. 8 December 2011. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sharon and Ozzy Osbourne at Madame Tussauds". flickr.com (Brian 5). 12 September 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ronaldinho - Madame Tussauds Amsterdam". tripadvisor.co.uk. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rudy Hartono Immortalized in Wax at Madame Tussauds in Singapore". yonex.com. 22 December 2015. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "TONY HAWK". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Walt Disney - Madame Tussauds Orlando". tripadvisor.com (SunnyDaze4200). Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Yang Yang Unveils His Wax Figure In Shanghai Madame Tussauds". gettyimages.in. 19 February 2017. Retrieved 5 June 2017.
Bibliography
Berridge, Kate (2006). Madame Tussaud: A life in wax. New York: HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-052847-8.
Chapman, Pauline (1984). Madame Tussaud's Chamber of Horrors: Two Hundred Years of Crime. London: Constable. ISBN 0-09-465620-7.
Deakin, Johnston and Markesinis (2008). Markesinis & Deakin's Tort Law. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-928246-3.
Hervé, Francis (ed.) (1838). Madame Tussaud's Memoirs and Reminiscences of France, forming an abridged history of the French Revolution. London: Saunders & Otley. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
McCallam, David (2002). "Waxing Revolutionary: Reflections on a Raid on a Waxworks at the Outbreak of the French Revolution". French History. 16 (2): 153–173. doi:10.1093/fh/16.2.153. .
Moran, Michelle (2011). Madame Tussaud: A Novel of the French Revolution. Crown. ISBN 0-307-58865-3.
Pilbeam, Pamela (2006). Madame Tussaud: And the History of Waxworks. Continuum International Publishing Group. pp. 100–104. ISBN 1-85285-511-8.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Madame Tussauds (category)
Official website
Madame Tussauds Vienna
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Coordinates: 51°31′22″N 0°09′19″W / 51.52278°N 0.15528°W / 51.52278; -0.15528
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