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Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry
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Liverpool F.C. v Manchester United F.C.
Locale
North West England
Teams
Liverpool F.C.
Manchester United F.C.
First meeting
28 April 1894
1893–94 Football League test match
Liverpool 2–0 Newton Heath
Latest meeting
10 March 2018
Premier League
Manchester United 2–1 Liverpool
Stadiums
Anfield (Liverpool)
Old Trafford (Manchester United)
Statistics
Meetings total
200[1]
Most player appearances
Ryan Giggs (48)[2]
Top scorer
Steven Gerrard (9)
George Wall (9)
Sandy Turnbull (9)[3][4]
All-time series
Liverpool: 65
Drawn: 55
Manchester United: 80[1]
Largest victory
Liverpool 7–1 Newton Heath
12 October 1895
(1895–96 Second Division)
The Liverpool F.C.–Manchester United F.C. rivalry, also known as the North West Derby, is a high-profile inter-city rivalry between English professional association football clubs Liverpool and Manchester United. It is considered to be one of the biggest rivalries in the association football world along with the Old Firm derby in Scotland, Superclásico in Argentina, El Clásico in Spain, and Derby della Madonnina in Italy, and is considered the most famous fixture in English football.[5][6][7][8][9] Players, fans and the media alike often consider games between the two clubs to be their biggest rivalry, above even their own local derby competitions with Everton and Manchester City, respectively.[10][11][12][13]
The rivalry has been fuelled by the proximity of the two major cities that they represent, their historic economic and industrial rivalry, significant periods of domestic footballing dominance and European success, and their popularity at home and abroad, as two of the biggest-earning and widely supported football clubs in the world.[14][15][16][17]
The two clubs are the most successful English teams in both domestic and European competitions; and between them they have won 38 league titles, 8 European Cups, 4 UEFA Cups, 4 UEFA Super Cups, 19 FA Cups, 13 League Cups, 1 FIFA Club World Cup, 1 Intercontinental Cup and 36 FA Community Shields.[18][19][20]
Each club can claim historical supremacy over the other: United for their 20 league titles to Liverpool's 18 and Liverpool for being European champions five times to United's three. Manchester United have won more total trophies than Liverpool,[21][18][22][23] and they also lead the Merseysiders in so-called "major" honours as well.[24][25][26][27]
Contents
[hide]
1 Inter-city rivals
2 Football rivals
2.1 Formation to 1945
2.2 1945 to 1992
2.3 1992–present
3 Managers
3.1 Notable managers
4 Players
4.1 Players' rivalry
4.2 Player transfers
5 Supporters
5.1 Hooliganism
6 Significant games
6.1 1894 test match
6.2 1977 FA Cup Final
6.3 1983 Football League Cup Final
6.4 Anfield 1988
6.5 Other notable games
7 Honours, head to head, and statistics
7.1 Honours
7.2 Head-to-head
7.3 All-time results
7.3.1 Liverpool in the league at home
7.3.2 Manchester United in the league at home
7.3.3 Results in domestic cup matches
7.3.4 Results in European competitions
7.3.5 Results in play-offs
8 See also
9 Notes
10 Further reading
11 References
12 External links
Inter-city rivals[edit]
Main article: Liverpool–Manchester rivalry
The cities of Liverpool and Manchester are located in the north west of England, 35 miles (56 km) apart. Since the industrial revolution there has been a consistent theme of rivalry between the two cities based around economic and industrial competition. Manchester through to the 18th century was the far more populous city, and held a position of significance and notability as representative of the north. By the late 18th century, Liverpool had grown as a major sea port – critical to the growth and success of the northern cotton mills. Over the next century, Liverpool grew to supersede Manchester and throughout the late 19th and early 20th century was often described as the British Empire's second city.[16] The links between the two cities were strengthened with the construction of the Bridgewater Canal, the Mersey and Irwell Navigation and the Liverpool and Manchester Railway for the transport of raw materials inland.
The Manchester coat of arms formed the foundation of the original Manchester United badge
The construction of the Manchester Ship Canal, funded by Manchester merchants, was opposed by Liverpool politicians and bred resentment between the two cities. Tension between working class Liverpool dockers and labourers in Manchester was heightened after its completion in 1894, just three months prior to the first meeting between Liverpool and Newton Heath in a play-off match that would see Newton Heath relegated to the Second Division.[28]
Today, the crests of both the city of Manchester and Manchester United include stylised ships representing the Manchester Ship Canal and Manchester's trade roots. The ship is also included on the crest of many other Mancunian institutions such as Manchester City Council and rivals Manchester City F.C.
Post-war shifts in economic ties, reliance on regional coal, and shifts in transatlantic trade patterns caused by the growth of Asian labour markets caused the gradual decline of British manufacturing. While the city of Liverpool suffered the loss of its primary source of income to southern port cities, Manchester maintained some of its manufacturing heritage. This reversal of fortunes happened against the backdrop of shifting political backgrounds and significant events in British culture and society in the second half of the 20th century.
The two cities continue to be strong regional rivals, vying for influence of surrounding areas. Their continued importance to the UK economy has been reflected with the awarding of the 2002 Commonwealth Games to Manchester, while Liverpool was awarded the title of 2008 European Capital of Culture as part of its ongoing regeneration.
More recent projects by Peel Ports have sought to re-establish the economic links between the Port of Liverpool and Port of Manchester, including re-developing trade links via the Manchester Ship Canal.
Football rivals[edit]
See also: List of Liverpool F.C. seasons and List of Manchester United F.C. seasons
Formation to 1945[edit]
The Manchester United team at the start of the 1905–06 season.
Manchester United F.C. was formed in Newton Heath in 1878 as Newton Heath LYR F.C., and played their first competitive match in October 1886, when they entered the First Round of the 1886–87 FA Cup.[29]
Liverpool's team during its first season, 1892–93
Liverpool F.C. was formed in 1892 following a disagreement between the board of Everton and club president John Houlding, who owned the club's ground, Anfield. The disagreement between the two parties over rent resulted in Everton moving to Goodison Park from Anfield, and Houlding founded Liverpool F.C. to play in the vacated stadium.[30]
Liverpool's first season was in the Second Division in 1893. The team went undefeated all season, winning the title and being put up for election to the First Division, which would see them play a one-off test match against the bottom side of the First Division for their place. The team that Liverpool were to face was Newton Heath, whom they beat 2–0 to take their place in the first tier.[31]
Liverpool won their first Football League Championship trophy in 1901 and followed it up in 1906, the same season that saw the newly renamed Manchester United promoted to the top flight after finishing as Second Division runners-up behind Bristol City. Two seasons later, by which time Liverpool had fallen into mid-table, Manchester United secured their first league title, winning the 1907–08 Football League by nine points from Aston Villa and Manchester City. They followed this up by winning the first ever FA Charity Shield match when they defeated Queens Park Rangers over two legs in 1908.[32] The following season, they won the 1909 FA Cup Final, and followed this up with another league title and Charity Shield in 1911.
The outbreak of the First World War disrupted domestic football, and following the resumption of competitions in 1919 Liverpool asserted themselves on domestic football with a brace of league Championships while United found themselves in steep decline that saw them relegated in 1923. Between 1923 and the outbreak of the Second World War, neither team won any more competitive trophies outside of local regional trophies, with Manchester United spending three separate periods in the Second Division.
1945 to 1992[edit]
A comparative chart showing yearly table positions of Manchester United F.C. and Liverpool F.C. in the English football league system from 1892–93 to the present
After the Second World War, Liverpool again became English champions in 1947 before the clubs' roles reversed once more, with the Merseysiders dropping into the second tier as Manchester United found stability under the management of former Liverpool captain Matt Busby, winning the FA Cup in 1948 and then three league titles and Charity Shields apiece in the 1950s. During this time, future Liverpool manager Bill Shankly was approached by then Liverpool chairman Tom Williams and asked, "How would you like to manage the best club in the country?". "Why?" Shankly replied. "Is Matt Busby packing it in?".[33]
Following Liverpool's promotion under Shankly in 1962, the two clubs found themselves in direct competition with each other for the first time, sharing four league titles between 1964 and 1967, as well as the 1965 FA Charity Shield. Following this, though, the two sides began to drift in opposite directions once more. United's title victory of 1967 would be their last for 26 years,[34] while Liverpool would enjoy nearly 20 years of sustained success, winning 11 league titles, 19 domestic cups and seven European trophies from 1972 to 1992.[35] United's main reprieves during this time came through cup competitions, such as their triumphs over the Merseysiders in the 1977 FA Cup Final and the 1979 FA Cup semi-final replay at Goodison Park. It was during this period, in the late 70s and early 80s, that the modern day rivalry between the two clubs truly began to get heated. According to football sociologist John Williams, United had developed a "glamour and media profile" but didn't have the success to match it and Liverpool fans felt the Red Devils were "media darlings who got far too much publicity". There was a perception in Liverpool that their hugely successful but 'professional' and 'workmanlike' teams were always somehow in the shadow of the stars at Old Trafford. This led to a derisory United nickname in Liverpool; "The Glams".[36]
1992–present[edit]
Manchester United's 26-year spell without a league title has been mirrored by Liverpool since 1990, when the Reds clinched their last league title. Meanwhile, United's dominance since 1990 has seen them win 13 league titles, 23 domestic cups and seven European trophies.[35] Once again, cup glories such as the 2003 League Cup and 2006 FA Cup allowed Liverpool some retribution against their rivals. Despite their contrasting fortunes, though, only six times since 1972 have neither Liverpool nor United finished in the top two of the league table – in 1980–81, 2003–04, 2004–05, 2014–15, 2015–16 and 2016-17 – and even during five of those six campaigns, another piece of silverware was still taken home by one of the two clubs; Liverpool paraded the European Cup and League Cup in 1981, while Manchester United lifted the FA Community Shield and FA Cup in the 2004 season and Liverpool claimed the Champions League in 2005. United brought home the FA Cup again in 2016 and they won a treble of trophies consisting of the Community Shield, League Cup and UEFA Europa League in 2016-17.[37][38]
Managers[edit]
Notable managers[edit]
“ "If you are first you are first. If you are second you are nothing." ”
— Bill Shankly
While Liverpool and Manchester United's successes are almost identical in number, their systems of achieving these successes vary considerably. Liverpool built their dominance on a dynasty known as the Anfield Boot Room. The boot room itself was where strategy for future matches was planned, however, it became a breeding ground for future Liverpool managers following the arrival of Bill Shankly in 1959. The original members were Shankly himself, Bob Paisley, Joe Fagan and Reuben Bennett, although the likes of Kenny Dalglish joined later on.[39]
Following Shankly's retirement in 1974, having secured eight trophies in 15 years, Bob Paisley stepped into the vacant manager's position and amassed 20 trophies in 9 seasons.[40] Following his retirement, Joe Fagan took over and in the first of two seasons at the club, won a treble of trophies. Kenny Dalglish, while not an original member, was accepted into the group as the next in line for the role of manager, and he combined it with his playing duties to win Liverpool 10 trophies. The boot room connection was finally broken in 1991, 32 years after Shankly's arrival, with the appointment of Graeme Souness, who actually demolished the boot room itself to make way for a press room.[41] It did still manage to produce a final Liverpool manager in Roy Evans, who won the League Cup, but upon his resignation in 1998, the era was over.
In contrast, Manchester United have succeeded thanks to the services of three extraordinary men, all decades apart, without the need for continuity and sustained success beyond each man's departure. Out of the 66 trophies that United have won, 56 have come thanks to the exploits of Ernest Mangnall, Sir Matt Busby and Sir Alex Ferguson. Mangnall was the first great manager of Manchester United, securing five trophies within a three-year time span of 1908–11.[42] Following his departure to local rivals Manchester City a year later,[43] it would not be until Busby's arrival 33 years later that the club would be on the trophy trail again.
Busby became United's second most decorated manager of all time (ironically as an ex-Liverpool player and captain), winning 13 trophies at the club[44] including the 1968 European Cup, which saw an English team secure European football's top prize for the first time.[45] After Busby's retirement in 1969 though, Manchester United saw their fortunes slip and the club struggled to stay successful until Alex Ferguson's arrival 17 years later, during which time United only won three FA Cups and two Charity Shields.
“ "My greatest challenge was knocking Liverpool right off their fucking perch, and you can print that." ”
— Alex Ferguson in response to an Alan Hansen comment in 2002[46]
It was only under the Scot that United regained their glory days, winning 38 trophies during his 26-year tenure to scale the pinnacles of both English and European football.[47] However, since Ferguson's retirement in 2013, the club has gone on the wane again, finishing in the top four of the league just once in four seasons, although there has been frequent success in cup competitions.
Players[edit]
Players' rivalry[edit]
“ "A mate owned a [Manchester United captain] Bryan Robson top. We were kicking about, and I asked if I could be Robbo for a while. My dad looked out and went ballistic. He wasn’t having his kid dragging the Gerrard name through the gutter. I thought we’d have to move!" ”
— Steven Gerrard
The rivalry has extended to the players as well: Wayne Rooney, a product of Liverpool's city rivals Everton who played for United from 2004 to 2017, described how he grew up hating the Reds (Liverpool),[48] while Liverpool's Steven Gerrard took a film crew on tour of his home where he showed off a collection of football shirts he had swapped with opposing players as part of the after match routine; he pointed out that there were no Manchester United shirts in there and he would never have one of them in his house. Former Liverpool goalkeeper David James said: "I could never say I hated any United players just for being United players... But the rivalry became a habit, I suppose; on England trips Liverpool lads would eat at one table, United boys at another. There was tension there and we avoided one other". Liverpool defender Neil Ruddock once broke both of United forward Andy Cole's legs in a reserve match, later saying that "I didn’t meant to break both legs, I only meant to break one... I absolutely destroyed him... I know it’s not big and it’s not clever but it was great".[49] Manchester United's Gary Neville has been publicly vocal in the past with regards to his dislike of Liverpool. He notably drew the ire of Liverpool fans during the 2006 match at Old Trafford during which he celebrated Rio Ferdinand's last-gasp winner[50] by running to the stand where the away fans were seated while kissing the crest on his jersey and appearing to shout angrily towards them; he was fined and given a two-match ban by The Football Association but has stated on multiple occasions that he has never regretted his actions.[51][52][53] Following a fixture in which John O'Shea scored a stoppage-time winner in front of the Kop in 2007, Neville described O'Shea's achievement as "a lifelong dream" for himself. Previously in a Manchester derby during the 2003–04 season, Neville was sent off after attempting to headbutt Manchester City's ex-Liverpool midfielder Steve McManaman: as Paul Scholes commented, "It’s fair to say the pair of them never got on too well together".[49] The animosity amongst players has also extended to the fans on a number of occasions, as in the case of Neville, who regularly became the subject of offensive chants from Liverpool supporters after the 2006 badge-kissing incident. In a retrospective special leading up to the January 2017 match up at Old Trafford, Neville and his fellow Monday Night Football pundit and retired Liverpool one-club man Jamie Carragher both acknowledged that it was actually not uncommon for both United and Liverpool players, particularly locally-born youth academy graduates such as Bury-born Neville and Merseyside natives Gerrard and Robbie Fowler, to celebrate in front of rival fans and that "you just got to take it in the chin".[53]
“ "I can't stand Liverpool, I can't stand the people, I can't stand anything to do with them." ”
— Gary Neville
In the 2011–12 season, the rivalry was exacerbated by claims that, in the first League meeting of the season at Anfield, Liverpool striker Luis Suárez racially abused United's Patrice Evra. After considering the evidence, an FA panel found that Suárez had referred to Evra using the term "negrito" seven times (Suárez himself admitted to having done so once, but denied racism); he was banned for eight games. This included the FA Cup fourth round tie between the two clubs (again at Anfield), which Liverpool won. On 11 February 2012, however, United and Liverpool met again at Old Trafford, and Suárez played for Liverpool for the first time since his ban. Prior to kick-off, the two teams were expected to shake hands, but Suárez ignored Evra's offered hand and moved onto the next United player in line, David de Gea.[54] As a result, Rio Ferdinand and Danny Welbeck rejected Suárez's handshake. United went on to win 2–1 and Evra celebrated in front of the home supporters, with Suárez close by. Sir Alex Ferguson declared Suárez to be a "disgrace" and suggested that he should not be allowed to play for Liverpool again.[55] Kenny Dalglish vehemently denied having seen the missed handshake.[56] The following day, Suárez, Dalglish and Liverpool all issued statements of apology for the handshake incident,[57] which United accepted. The FA decided against any further action against either club or the players involved.[58]
Player transfers[edit]
Since the 1964 transfer of Phil Chisnall from United to Liverpool, no player has been transferred directly between the two clubs.[59] Some players, however, have played for both clubs, but having played elsewhere between each tenure, such as Paul Ince (playing for Internazionale in between) and Peter Beardsley (Vancouver Whitecaps and Newcastle United) and more recently Michael Owen (Real Madrid and Newcastle United), although Beardsley only played once for United, but went on to be a key player during his four years at Liverpool.[60]
In 2007, there was a bid from Liverpool to sign Gabriel Heinze from United, but United refused to allow him to join their biggest rivals due to the ongoing feud. United claimed that it was agreed Heinze would only join a foreign club if he chose to leave.[61] Heinze went public with his request to join Liverpool which was seen as the ultimate betrayal by the Manchester United fans. The Manchester United fans who once chanted "Argentina" in honour of the player then turned their backs on him. Heinze was eventually sold to Real Madrid instead.
Date[62]
Name
From
To
Fee[63]
August 1912 Tom Chorlton Liverpool Manchester United
November 1913 Jackie Sheldon Manchester United Liverpool
September 1920 Tom Miller Liverpool Manchester United £2,000
May 1921 Fred Hopkin Manchester United Liverpool
February 1929 Tommy Reid Liverpool Manchester United
January 1938 Ted Savage Liverpool Manchester United
November 1938 Allenby Chilton Liverpool Manchester United
February 1954 Thomas McNulty Manchester United Liverpool £7,000
April 1964 Phil Chisnall Manchester United Liverpool £25,000
Supporters[edit]
Main articles: Supporters' groups and Association football culture
Liverpool Kopites in The Kop stand at Anfield
Both Manchester United and Liverpool are among the most popular football clubs (and sporting organisations) globally. Both are in the top 25 in Europe with Manchester United considered to have the largest following of all, as well as having one of the highest average home attendances in Europe and boasting a large travelling support.[64] The club states that its worldwide fan base includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the Manchester United Supporters Club (MUSC), in at least 24 countries.[65] Liverpool states that its worldwide fan base also includes more than 200 officially recognised branches of the LFC Official Supporters Clubs in at least 50 countries. Notable groups include Spirit of Shankly and Reclaim The Kop.[66]
The 2005 leveraged takeover of Manchester United by the Glazer family created a schism amongst Manchester fans, directly causing the creation of F.C. United of Manchester, and the "Love United Hate Glazer" movement, and subsequently the Red Knights who attempted to buy the Glazers out the club.[67][68] Two years later, Liverpool went through its own controversial takeover when Chairman David Moores sold the club to American businessmen George Gillett and Tom Hicks.[69] Disagreements between Gillett and Hicks, and the lack of popular support from fans, resulted in the pair looking to sell the club.[70] Martin Broughton was appointed chairman of the club on 16 April 2010 to oversee its sale.[71][72] Court action finally forced the sale of the club to Fenway Sports Group.[73][74]
Hooliganism[edit]
Main article: Football hooliganism
With the rise of football hooliganism across English football during the 1970s and 1980s, matches between the two clubs brought some minor and major incidents of hooliganism.[citation needed] Since then, the modern game has seen a decrease in violence between the rival supporters and incidents are fairly uncommon. This is more likely due to an increase in Police presence and CCTV with huge steps taken to keep the fans separated. To this day, both sets of fans still hold a resentment toward each other. As well as physical violence, sections of the clubs' fan bases often taunt each other with unsavoury chants about the Munich air disaster and the Hillsborough disaster respectively.
At the 1996 FA Cup Final, an unidentified Liverpool fan spat at Eric Cantona and threw a punch at Alex Ferguson as a victorious Manchester United team walked up the steps at Wembley Stadium to collect the trophy from the Royal Box.[75]
The 2006 FA Cup match at Anfield featured foreign objects thrown at United fans by Liverpool supporters, including human excrement.[76] Liverpool's FA Cup semi-final game against Chelsea at Old Trafford later that year also resulted in damage to the stadium, including graffiti about serial killer Harold Shipman.[77]
In March 2011, the Daily Mail reported that an FA Youth Cup game between the two clubs was marred because of "sick chants" about Hillsborough and Heysel coming from the Manchester United fans at Anfield. The article also claims that six Manchester United fans were ejected from the stadium due to bad behaviour.[78] Former Liverpool striker John Aldridge was at the game and told the Liverpool Echo that "the level of abuse was absolutely sickening".[79]
In March 2016, before Liverpool's first leg tie at Anfield against Manchester United, it was reported that a group of Liverpool fans hung a "Manc Bastards" banner on the M62, as 2,300 Manchester United supporters made the trip to Anfield.[80] It was confiscated by the police, shortly after. Liverpool won the match 2–0.
Before the second leg tie at Old Trafford., Liverpool fans were greeted with a banner on the M62 motorway in Salford that said 'murderers' and also had the Hillsborough Disaster date on it. UEFA took no disciplinary action against Manchester United.[81] During the same game, there were reported crowd disturbances, coming from the Manchester United end.[82] It was later reported that a Liverpool supporter sneaked a Liverpool banner in the United section, causing to aggravate United supporters in the stand.[83] Liverpool supporters ripped seats, and supporters threw objects at each other, also fighting with United supporters. Liverpool were fined £43,577. by UEFA for setting off flares/crowd fireworks & 'illicit chants', whilst Manchester United were fined £44,342 for illicit chants & the throwing of objects.[84] Both clubs' fines included £15,290 suspended for two years. Liverpool drew 1–1, and progressed to the Europa League quarter-finals against Borussia Dortmund.
Significant games[edit]
1894 test match[edit]
The first ever meeting between both clubs came in a Football League test match in 1894, a post-season series to determine who will receive First Division membership for 1894–95. As Newton Heath finished bottom of the First Division at the end of 1893–94, they had to play off against the champions of the Second Division, Liverpool. Liverpool won the tie 2–0 at Ewood Park in Blackburn, earning them First Division membership and condemning Newton Heath to the Second Division.
1977 FA Cup Final[edit]
In 1977, the two clubs met in a cup final for the first time, when they reached the final of the FA Cup. The two clubs took to the field at Wembley on 21 May, with Liverpool having just won the league title, knowing that winning this game would put them on course for a unique treble as they had the European Cup final to look forward to four days later. However, United ended Liverpool's treble dreams with a 2–1 win, with goals from Stuart Pearson and Jimmy Greenhoff, five minutes apart with a Jimmy Case goal for Liverpool in between.[85]
1983 Football League Cup Final[edit]
Six years later, on 26 March 1983, the two sides met for the Football League Cup final. Goals from Alan Kennedy and Ronnie Whelan won the game 2–1 for Liverpool, after Norman Whiteside had given United the lead. Liverpool collected the trophy for the third year in succession. It was the last of Liverpool manager Bob Paisley's nine seasons in charge (during which Liverpool had dominated the English and European scene) before his retirement, and his players allowed him to climb the 39 steps to collect the trophy from the Royal Box.[86]
Anfield 1988[edit]
On 4 April 1988, Liverpool were 11 points ahead at the top of the league and almost certain of winning the First Division title with barely a month of the league season remaining. United, in their first full season under the management of Alex Ferguson, were their nearest rivals. The two sides took to the field for a league encounter at Anfield and with the second half just minutes old the home side had a 3–1 lead with goals from Peter Beardsley, Gary Gillespie and Steve McMahon, with United's only goal coming from Bryan Robson. Robson then pulled a goal back for United, and with 12 minutes remaining fellow midfielder Gordon Strachan equalised to force a 3–3 draw.[87]
Other notable games[edit]
On 4 January 1994, in the second season of the new FA Premier League, United took a 3–0 lead at Anfield in the opening 25 minutes with goals from Steve Bruce, Ryan Giggs and Denis Irwin. Liverpool managed to claw back to draw 3–3 with two goals from Nigel Clough and another from Neil Ruddock. It was one of the last games in charge of Liverpool for manager Graeme Souness, who had resigned by the end of the month.[87]
On 1 October 1995, United's Eric Cantona made his comeback to the side after serving an eight-month suspension for attacking a spectator in a game against Crystal Palace. His comeback game was against Liverpool in the Premier League at Old Trafford. United took an early lead through Nicky Butt, only for Liverpool's Robbie Fowler to score twice and give the visitors a 2–1 lead. However, United were awarded a penalty in the 71st minute and Cantona converted it successfully, forcing a 2–2 draw.[87] At the end of the season, the two sides met again at Wembley for the FA Cup Final. The game stayed goalless until the 85th minute, when Liverpool conceded a corner, which David Beckham swung into the box to be cleared by David James, only for Eric Cantona to fire home United's winner.[88] In March 2003, the two clubs once again met in a cup final, this time in the League Cup, with Liverpool lifting the trophy after goals from Steven Gerrard and Michael Owen gave them a 2–0 win.[89]
Alan Wiley shows a red card to Nemanja Vidić of Manchester United on 14 March 2009
On 14 March 2009, the two sides met at Old Trafford in the Premier League. United were ahead at the top of the league and Liverpool were looking to make a late run to the title which had eluded them since 1990. United went ahead in the 23rd minute with a Cristiano Ronaldo penalty, but Fernando Torres equalised five minutes later for Liverpool, and a Steven Gerrard penalty just before half-time put Liverpool in the lead. United had Nemanja Vidić sent off in the 76th minute, and their misery was swiftly compounded by late goals from Fábio Aurélio and finally Andrea Dossena, condemning them to a 4–1 defeat, their heaviest at Old Trafford in any competition for 17 years.[90] Despite the loss, Manchester United were crowned league champions for the third season in succession and equalled Liverpool's 18 league titles,[91] with Liverpool finishing four points behind in second.[92]
The league fixture on 11 February 2012 was marked by controversy regarding Liverpool striker Luis Suárez refusal to shake hands with Patrice Evra, following an eight-match suspension for racially abusing Evra in the previous meeting between the sides.[93][94] Following the 2–1 victory for United after a brace from Wayne Rooney, Evra in turn controversially celebrated right in front of Suárez, and was swept aside by opposition players finding the gesture provocative.
Honours, head to head, and statistics[edit]
Honours[edit]
Domestic honours
Competition Liverpool Manchester United
Titles Year Titles Year
Premier League 0 13 1992–93, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1996–97, 1998–99, 1999–2000, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2006–07, 2007–08, 2008–09, 2010–11, 2012–13
First Division 18 1900–01, 1905–06, 1921–22, 1922–23, 1946–47, 1963–64, 1965–66, 1972–73, 1975–76, 1976–77, 1978–79, 1979–80, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1985–86, 1987–88, 1989–90 7 1907–08, 1910–11, 1951–52, 1955–56, 1956–57, 1964–65, 1966–67
League total 18 20
FA Cup 7 1964–65, 1973–74, 1985–86, 1988–89, 1991–92, 2000–01, 2005–06 12 1908–09, 1947–48, 1962–63, 1976–77, 1982–83, 1984–85, 1989–90, 1993–94, 1995–96, 1998–99, 2003–04, 2015–16
League Cup 8 1980–81, 1981–82, 1982–83, 1983–84, 1994–95, 2000–01, 2002–03, 2011–12 5 1991–92, 2005–06, 2008–09, 2009–10, 2016–17
FA Community Shield (* = shared) 15 1964*, 1965*, 1966, 1974, 1976, 1977*, 1979, 1980, 1982, 1986*, 1988, 1989, 1990*, 2001, 2006 21 1908, 1911, 1952, 1956, 1957, 1965*, 1967*, 1977*, 1983, 1990*, 1993, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2003, 2007, 2008, 2010, 2011, 2013, 2016
Super Cup 1 1986 0
Domestic total 49 58
European honours
European Cup/UEFA Champions League 5 1976–77, 1977–78, 1980–81, 1983–84, 2004–05 3 1967–68, 1998–99, 2007–08
UEFA Cup/Europa League 3 1972–73, 1975–76, 2000–01 1 2016–17
European Cup Winners' Cup 0 1 1990–91
UEFA Super Cup 3 1977, 2001, 2005 1 1991
European total 11 6
Worldwide honours
FIFA Club World Cup 0 1 2008
Intercontinental Cup 0 1 1999
Worldwide total 0 2
Combined total[95][96]
Combined total 60 66
Table correct as of 24 May 2017.
Head-to-head[edit]
The below table demonstrates the competitive results between the two sides (not indicative of titles won).
Competition
Manchester United wins
Draws
Liverpool wins
League 68 47 55
FA Cup 9 4 4
League Cup 2 0 3
Europa League 0 1 1
Other 1 3 2
Total 80 55 65
Table correct as of 10 March 2018[1]
All-time results[edit]
Liverpool in the league at home[edit]
See also: Anfield
Date
Venue
Score
Competition
12 October 1895 Anfield 7–1 Second Division
22 April 1905 Anfield 4–0 Second Division
1 April 1907 Anfield 0–1 First Division
25 March 1908 Anfield 7–4 First Division
30 January 1909 Anfield 3–1 First Division
9 October 1909 Anfield 3–2 First Division
26 November 1910 Anfield 3–2 First Division
11 November 1911 Anfield 3–2 First Division
29 March 1913 Anfield 0–2 First Division
15 April 1914 Anfield 1–2 First Division
26 December 1914 Anfield 1–1 First Division
1 January 1920 Anfield 0–0 First Division
9 February 1921 Anfield 2–0 First Division
17 December 1921 Anfield 2–1 First Division
19 September 1925 Anfield 5–0 First Division
28 August 1926 Anfield 4–2 First Division
24 December 1927 Anfield 2–0 First Division
13 February 1929 Anfield 2–3 First Division
25 January 1930 Anfield 1–0 First Division
3 April 1931 Anfield 1–1 First Division
27 March 1937 Anfield 2–0 First Division
7 September 1938 Anfield 1–0 First Division
3 May 1947 Anfield 1–0 First Division
3 September 1947 Anfield 2–2 First Division
27 December 1948 Anfield 0–2 First Division
7 September 1949 Anfield 1–1 First Division
23 August 1950 Anfield 2–1 First Division
24 November 1951 Anfield 0–0 First Division
13 December 1952 Anfield 1–2 First Division
22 August 1953 Anfield 4–4 First Division
13 April 1963 Anfield 1–0 First Division
13 April 1964 Anfield 3–0 First Division
31 October 1964 Anfield 0–2 First Division
1 January 1966 Anfield 2–1 First Division
25 March 1967 Anfield 0–0 First Division
11 November 1967 Anfield 1–2 First Division
12 October 1968 Anfield 2–0 First Division
13 December 1969 Anfield 1–4 First Division
5 September 1970 Anfield 1–1 First Division
25 September 1971 Anfield 2–2 First Division
15 August 1972 Anfield 2–0 First Division
22 December 1973 Anfield 2–0 First Division
18 November 1975 Anfield 3–1 First Division
3 May 1977 Anfield 1–0 First Division
25 February 1978 Anfield 3–1 First Division
14 April 1979 Anfield 2–0 First Division
26 December 1979 Anfield 2–0 First Division
14 April 1981 Anfield 0–1 First Division
24 October 1981 Anfield 1–2 First Division
16 October 1982 Anfield 0–0 First Division
2 January 1984 Anfield 1–1 First Division
31 March 1985 Anfield 0–1 First Division
9 February 1986 Anfield 1–1 First Division
26 December 1986 Anfield 0–1 First Division
4 April 1988 Anfield 3–3 First Division
3 September 1988 Anfield 1–0 First Division
23 December 1989 Anfield 0–0 First Division
16 September 1990 Anfield 4–0 First Division
26 April 1992 Anfield 2–0 First Division
6 March 1993 Anfield 1–2 Premier League
4 January 1994 Anfield 3–3 Premier League
19 March 1995 Anfield 2–0 Premier League
17 December 1995 Anfield 2–0 Premier League
19 April 1997 Anfield 1–3 Premier League
6 December 1997 Anfield 1–3 Premier League
5 May 1999 Anfield 2–2 Premier League
11 September 1999 Anfield 2–3 Premier League
31 March 2001 Anfield 2–0 Premier League
4 November 2001 Anfield 3–1 Premier League
1 December 2002 Anfield 1–2 Premier League
9 November 2003 Anfield 1–2 Premier League
15 January 2005 Anfield 0–1 Premier League
18 September 2005 Anfield 0–0 Premier League
3 March 2007 Anfield 0–1 Premier League
16 December 2007 Anfield 0–1 Premier League
13 September 2008 Anfield 2–1 Premier League
25 October 2009 Anfield 2–0 Premier League
6 March 2011 Anfield 3–1 Premier League
15 October 2011 Anfield 1–1 Premier League
23 September 2012 Anfield 1–2 Premier League
1 September 2013 Anfield 1–0 Premier League
22 March 2015 Anfield 1–2 Premier League
17 January 2016 Anfield 0–1 Premier League
17 October 2016 Anfield 0–0 Premier League
14 October 2017 Anfield 0–0 Premier League
Manchester United in the league at home[edit]
See also: Old Trafford
Date
Venue
Score
Competition
2 November 1895 Bank Street 5–2 Second Division
24 December 1904 Bank Street 3–1 Second Division
25 December 1906 Bank Street 0–0 First Division
7 September 1907 Bank Street 4–0 First Division
26 September 1908 Bank Street 3–2 First Division
19 February 1910 Old Trafford 3–4 First Division
1 April 1911 Old Trafford 2–0 First Division
23 March 1912 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
23 November 1912 Old Trafford 3–1 First Division
1 November 1913 Old Trafford 3–0 First Division
2 April 1915 Old Trafford 2–0 First Division
26 December 1919 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
5 February 1921 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
24 December 1921 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
10 March 1926 Old Trafford 3–3 First Division
15 January 1927 Old Trafford 0–1 First Division
5 May 1928 Old Trafford 6–1 First Division
15 September 1928 Old Trafford 2–2 First Division
21 September 1929 Old Trafford 1–2 First Division
6 April 1931 Old Trafford 4–1 First Division
21 November 1936 Old Trafford 2–5 First Division
6 May 1939 Old Trafford 2–0 First Division
11 September 1946 Maine Road 5–0 First Division
27 August 1947 Maine Road 2–0 First Division
25 December 1948 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
15 March 1950 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
30 August 1950 Old Trafford 1–0 First Division
12 April 1952 Old Trafford 4–0 First Division
20 April 1953 Old Trafford 3–1 First Division
19 December 1953 Old Trafford 5–1 First Division
10 November 1962 Old Trafford 3–3 First Division
23 November 1963 Old Trafford 0–1 First Division
24 April 1965 Old Trafford 3–0 First Division
9 October 1965 Old Trafford 2–0 First Division
10 December 1966 Old Trafford 2–2 First Division
6 April 1968 Old Trafford 1–2 First Division
14 December 1968 Old Trafford 1–0 First Division
13 September 1969 Old Trafford 1–0 First Division
19 April 1971 Old Trafford 0–2 First Division
3 April 1972 Old Trafford 0–3 First Division
11 November 1972 Old Trafford 2–0 First Division
29 September 1973 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
18 February 1976 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
16 February 1977 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
1 October 1977 Old Trafford 2–0 First Division
26 December 1978 Old Trafford 0–3 First Division
5 April 1980 Old Trafford 2–1 First Division
26 December 1980 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
7 April 1982 Old Trafford 0–1 First Division
26 February 1983 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
24 September 1983 Old Trafford 1–0 First Division
22 September 1984 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
19 October 1985 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
20 April 1987 Old Trafford 1–0 First Division
15 November 1987 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
1 January 1989 Old Trafford 3–1 First Division
18 March 1990 Old Trafford 1–2 First Division
3 February 1991 Old Trafford 1–1 First Division
6 October 1991 Old Trafford 0–0 First Division
18 October 1992 Old Trafford 2–2 Premier League
30 March 1994 Old Trafford 1–0 Premier League
17 September 1994 Old Trafford 2–0 Premier League
1 October 1995 Old Trafford 2–2 Premier League
12 October 1996 Old Trafford 1–0 Premier League
10 April 1998 Old Trafford 1–1 Premier League
24 September 1998 Old Trafford 2–0 Premier League
4 March 2000 Old Trafford 1–1 Premier League
17 December 2000 Old Trafford 0–1 Premier League
22 January 2002 Old Trafford 0–1 Premier League
5 April 2003 Old Trafford 4–0 Premier League
24 April 2004 Old Trafford 0–1 Premier League
20 September 2004 Old Trafford 2–1 Premier League
22 January 2006 Old Trafford 1–0 Premier League
22 October 2006 Old Trafford 2–0 Premier League
23 March 2008 Old Trafford 3–0 Premier League
14 March 2009 Old Trafford 1–4 Premier League
21 March 2010 Old Trafford 2–1 Premier League
19 September 2010 Old Trafford 3–2 Premier League
11 February 2012 Old Trafford 2–1 Premier League
13 January 2013 Old Trafford 2–1 Premier League
16 March 2014 Old Trafford 0–3 Premier League
14 December 2014 Old Trafford 3–0 Premier League
12 September 2015 Old Trafford 3–1 Premier League
15 January 2017 Old Trafford 1–1 Premier League
10 March 2018 Old Trafford 2–1 Premier League
League home record
Home Team
Wins
Losses
Draws
Liverpool 39 25 20
Manchester United 43 16 26
Overall League Head to Head record
Manchester United wins
Liverpool wins
Draws
68 55 46
Results in domestic cup matches[edit]
Date
Venue
Matches
Competition
Team 1
Score
Team 2
12 February 1898 Bank Street Newton Heath 0–0 Liverpool FA Cup 2nd Round
16 February 1898 Anfield Liverpool 2–1 Newton Heath FA Cup 2nd Round Replay
7 February 1903 Bank Street Manchester United 2–1 Liverpool FA Cup 1st Round
8 January 1921 Anfield Liverpool 1–1 Manchester United FA Cup 1st Round
12 January 1921 Old Trafford Manchester United 1–2 Liverpool FA Cup 1st Round Replay
24 January 1948 Goodison Park[a] Manchester United 3–0 Liverpool FA Cup 4th Round
30 January 1960 Anfield Liverpool 1–3 Manchester United FA Cup 4th Round
14 August 1965 Old Trafford Manchester United 2–2 Liverpool 1965 Charity Shield
21 May 1977 Wembley Manchester United 2–1 Liverpool 1977 FA Cup Final
13 August 1977 Wembley Liverpool 0–0 Manchester United 1977 Charity Shield
31 March 1979 Maine Road Manchester United 2–2
(a.e.t.) Liverpool FA Cup Semi-final
4 April 1979 Goodison Park Manchester United 1–0 Liverpool FA Cup Semi-final Replay
26 March 1983 Wembley Liverpool 2–1
(a.e.t.) Manchester United 1983 League Cup Final
20 August 1983 Wembley Manchester United 2–0 Liverpool 1983 Charity Shield
13 April 1985 Goodison Park Manchester United 2–2
(a.e.t.) Liverpool FA Cup Semi-final
17 April 1985 Maine Road Manchester United 2–1 Liverpool FA Cup Semi-final Replay
26 November 1985 Anfield Liverpool 2–1 Manchester United League Cup 4th Round
18 August 1990 Wembley Liverpool 1–1 Manchester United 1990 Charity Shield
31 October 1990 Old Trafford Manchester United 3–1 Liverpool League Cup 3rd Round
11 May 1996 Wembley Manchester United 1–0 Liverpool 1996 FA Cup Final
24 January 1999 Old Trafford Manchester United 2–1 Liverpool FA Cup 4th Round
12 August 2001 Millennium Stadium Liverpool 2–1 Manchester United 2001 Charity Shield
2 March 2003 Millennium Stadium Liverpool 2–0 Manchester United 2003 League Cup Final
18 February 2006 Anfield Liverpool 1–0 Manchester United FA Cup 5th Round
9 January 2011 Old Trafford Manchester United 1–0 Liverpool FA Cup 3rd Round
28 January 2012 Anfield Liverpool 2–1 Manchester United FA Cup 4th Round
25 September 2013 Old Trafford Manchester United 1–0 Liverpool League Cup 3rd Round
Overall Domestic Cup Head to Head record
Manchester United wins
Liverpool wins
Draws
12 9 7
Results in European competitions[edit]
Date
Venue
Matches
Competition
Team 1
Score
Team 2
10 March 2016 Anfield Liverpool 2–0 Manchester United Europa League Round of 16
17 March 2016 Old Trafford Manchester United 1–1 Liverpool Europa League Round of 16
Overall European competition Head to Head record
Manchester United wins
Liverpool wins
Draws
0 1 1
Results in play-offs[edit]
Date
Venue
Matches
Competition
Team 1
Score
Team 2
28 April 1894 Ewood Park Liverpool 2–0 Newton Heath Football League Test Match
Overall Play-off Head to Head record
Manchester United wins
Liverpool wins
Draws
0 1 0
See also[edit]
List of association football club rivalries in Europe
1915 British football betting scandal
Liverpool–Manchester rivalry
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Due to war damage, Old Trafford was closed at the time, and Manchester United were playing their home matches at Maine Road. However, on the same day, Manchester City were at home to Chelsea in another FA Cup tie and as a result this tie was switched to Goodison Park
Further reading[edit]
Cox, Richard; Russell, Dave; Vamplew, Wray (2002). Encyclopedia of British football. Routledge. ISBN 0-7146-5249-0.
Crilly, Peter (2007). Tops of the Kops: The Complete Guide to Liverpool's Kits. Trinity Mirror Sport Media. ISBN 978-1-905266-22-7.
Graham, Matthew (1985). Liverpool. Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. ISBN 0-600-50254-6.
Kelly, Stephen F. (1999). The Boot Room Boys: Inside the Anfield Boot Room. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-00-218907-0.
Kelly, Stephen F. (1988). You'll Never Walk Alone. Queen Anne Press. ISBN 0-356-19594-5.
Liversedge, Stan (1991). Liverpool:The Official Centenary History. Hamlyn Publishing Group Ltd. ISBN 0-600-57308-7.
Pead, Brian (1986). Liverpool A Complete Record. Breedon Books. ISBN 0-907969-15-1.
Reade, Brian (2009). 44 Years With The Same Bird. Pan. ISBN 1-74329-366-6.
Andrews, David L., ed. (2004). Manchester United: A Thematic Study. London: Routledge. ISBN 0-415-33333-4.
Barnes, Justyn; Bostock, Adam; Butler, Cliff; Ferguson, Jim; Meek, David; Mitten, Andy; Pilger, Sam; Taylor, Frank OBE; Tyrrell, Tom (2001) [1998]. The Official Manchester United Illustrated Encyclopedia (3rd ed.). London: Manchester United Books. ISBN 0-233-99964-7.
Bose, Mihir (2007). Manchester Disunited: Trouble and Takeover at the World's Richest Football Club. London: Aurum Press. ISBN 1-84513-121-5.
Crick, Michael; Smith, David (1990). Manchester United – The Betrayal of a Legend. London: Pan Books. ISBN 0-330-31440-8.
Devlin, John (2005). True Colours: Football Kits from 1980 to the Present Day. London: A & C Black. ISBN 0-7136-7389-3.
Dobson, Stephen; Goddard, John (2004). "Ownership and Finance of Professional Soccer in England and Europe". In Fort, Rodney; Fizel, John. International Sports Economics Comparisons. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers. ISBN 0-275-98032-4.
Dunning, Eric (1999). Sport Matters: Sociological Studies of Sport, Violence and Civilisation. London: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-09378-1.
Hamil, Sean (2008). "Case 9: Manchester United: the Commercial Development of a Global Football Brand". In Chadwick, Simon; Arth, Dave. International Cases in the Business of Sport. Oxford: Butterworth-Heinemann. ISBN 978-0-7506-8543-6.
Inglis, Simon (1996) [1985]. Football Grounds of Britain (3rd ed.). London: CollinsWillow. ISBN 0-00-218426-5.
James, Gary (2008). Manchester: A Football History. Halifax: James Ward. ISBN 978-0-9558127-0-5.
Morgan, Steve (March 2010). McLeish, Ian, ed. "Design for life". Inside United. Haymarket Network (212). ISSN 1749-6497.
Murphy, Alex (2006). The Official Illustrated History of Manchester United. London: Orion Books. ISBN 0-7528-7603-1.
Rollin, Glenda; Rollin, Jack. Sky Sports Football Yearbook 2008–2009. London: Headline Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-7553-1820-9.
Shury, Alan; Landamore, Brian (2005). The Definitive Newton Heath F.C. SoccerData. ISBN 1-899468-16-1.
Tyrrell, Tom; Meek, David (1996) [1988]. The Hamlyn Illustrated History of Manchester United 1878–1996 (5th ed.). London: Hamlyn. ISBN 0-600-59074-7.
White, Jim (2008). Manchester United: The Biography. London: Sphere. ISBN 978-1-84744-088-4.
White, John (2007) [2005]. The United Miscellany (2nd ed.). London: Carlton Books. ISBN 978-1-84442-745-1.
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Jump up ^ https://www.bbc.com/sport/football/19653230
External links[edit]
FootballDerbies.com
Complete results at LFCHistory.net
United versus Liverpool at StretfordEnd.co.uk
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Lena River
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This article may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. The specific problem is: formatting, layout, poor grammar and syntax, use of non-English words Please help improve this article if you can. (August 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Lena River (Лена, Зүлгэ, Өлүөнэ)
The Lena Pillars along the river near Yakutsk
Country
Russia
Tributaries
- left Kirenga, Vilyuy
- right Vitim, Olyokma, Aldan
Source
- location Baikal Mountains, Irkutsk Oblast, Russia
- elevation 1,640 m (5,381 ft)
Mouth
Lena Delta
- location Arctic Ocean, Laptev Sea
Length
4,472 km (2,779 mi)
Basin
2,500,000 km2 (965,255 sq mi)
Discharge
for Laptev Sea[1]
- average 16,871 m3/s (595,794 cu ft/s)
- max 241,000 m3/s (8,510,835 cu ft/s)
- min 366 m3/s (12,925 cu ft/s)
Lena River watershed
The Lena (Russian: Ле́на, IPA: [ˈlʲɛnə]; Mongolian: Зүлгэ, Zülge; Buryat: Зүлхэ, Zülxe; Yakut: Өлүөнэ, Ölwöne) is the easternmost of the three great Siberian rivers that flow into the Arctic Ocean (the other two being the Ob and the Yenisei). It is the 11th longest river in the world and has the 9th largest catchment area. It is also the 3rd largest river in Asia. It is the largest among the rivers whose catchment is entirely within the Russian territorial boundaries.
Contents
[hide]
1 Course
2 Basin
2.1 Tributaries
3 History
4 Delta
5 Gallery
6 Further reading
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Course[edit]
Originating at an elevation of 1,640 meters (5,381 ft) at its source in the Baikal Mountains south of the Central Siberian Plateau, 7 kilometres (4 mi) west of Lake Baikal, the Lena flows northeast, being joined by the Kirenga River, Vitim River and Olyokma River. From Yakutsk it enters the lowlands and flows north until joined by its right-hand tributary the Aldan River and its most important left-hand tributary, the Vilyuy River. After that, it bends westward, flowing alongside the Verkhoyansk Range and then making its way nearly due north to the Laptev Sea, a division of the Arctic Ocean, emptying south-west of the New Siberian Islands by the Lena Delta – 30,000 square kilometres (11,583 sq mi) in area,[2] and traversed by seven principal branches, the most important being the Bykovsky channel, farthest east.
Basin[edit]
The total length of the river is estimated at 4,400 km (2,700 mi). The area of the Lena river basin is calculated at 2,490,000 square kilometres (961,394 sq mi). Gold is washed out of the sands of the Vitim and the Olyokma, and mammoth tusks have been dug out of the delta.
Tributaries[edit]
The Kirenga River flows north between the upper Lena River and Lake Baikal. The Vitim River drains the area northeast of Lake Baikal. The Olyokma River flows north. The Amga River makes a long curve southeast and parallel to the Lena and flows into the Aldan. The Aldan River makes similar curve southeast of the Aldan and flows into the Lena north of Yakutsk. The Maya River, a tributary of the Aldan, drains an area almost to the Sea of Okhotsk. The T-shaped Chona-Vilyuy River system drains most of the area to the west.
History[edit]
[show]Lena River from a source to Kachug
Legend
Anonymous lake
Tyrka
Uhta 2nd
Uhta 1st
Pankukcha
Shevukan
Negnedai
Anai River
Anai
Alilei
Chanchur River
Chanchur
Kurungui
Ilikta
Kurungui River
Maliy Tarel
Birulka
Ice bridge
Birulka River
Ushina
Zhuya
Bolshoi Kosogol
Manzurka
Khalsk
R 148
Bolshiye Goly
IsetR 148
It is commonly believed that the Lena derives its name from the original Even-Evenk name Elyu-Ene, which means "the Large River".
The river around 1890
According to folktales related a century later, in the years 1620–1623 a party of Russian fur hunters under the leadership of Demid Pyanda sailed up Lower Tunguska, discovered the Lena, and either carried their boats there or built new ones. In 1623 Pyanda explored some 2,400 kilometres (1,500 mi) of the river from its upper reaches to the central Yakutia.[3] In 1628 Vasily Bugor and 10 men reached the Lena, collected 'yasak' (tribute) from the natives and then founded Kirinsk in 1632. In 1631 the voyevoda of Yeniseisk sent Pyotr Beketov and 20 men to construct an ostrog at Yakutsk (founded in 1632). From Yakutsk other expeditions spread out to the south and east. The Lena delta was reached in 1633.
Baron Eduard Von Toll, accompanied by Alexander von Bunge, led an expedition that explored the Lena delta and the islands of New Siberia on behalf of the Russian Imperial Academy of Sciences in 1885. In 1886 they investigated the New Siberian Islands and the Yana River and its tributaries. During one year and two days the expedition covered 25,000 kilometres (16,000 mi), of which 4,200 kilometres (2,600 mi) were up rivers, carrying out geodesic surveys en route.
The Lena massacre was the name given to the 1912 shooting-down of striking goldminers and local citizens who protested at the working conditions in the mine near Bodaybo in northern Irkutsk. The incident was reported in the Duma (parliament) by Kerensky and is credited with stimulating revolutionary feeling in Russia.
Vladimir Ilyich Ulyanov may have taken his alias, Lenin, from the river Lena, when he was exiled to the Central Siberian Plateau.
Delta[edit]
Lena river Delta by Landsat, February 2000
See also: Fyodor Matisen
At the end of the Lena River there is a large delta that extends 100 kilometres (62 mi) into the Laptev Sea and is about 400 km (250 mi) wide. The delta is frozen tundra for about seven months of the year, but in May the region is transformed into a lush wetland for the next few months. Part of the area is protected as the Lena Delta Wildlife Reserve.
The Lena delta divides into a multitude of flat islands. The most important are (from west to east): Chychas Aryta, Petrushka, Sagastyr, Samakh Ary Diyete, Turkan Bel'keydere, Sasyllakh Ary, Kolkhoztakh Bel'keydere, Grigoriy Diyelyakh Bel'kee (Grigoriy Islands), Nerpa Uolun Aryta, Misha Bel'keydere, Atakhtay Bel'kedere, Arangastakh, Urdiuk Pastakh Bel'key, Agys Past' Aryta, Dallalakh Island, Otto Ary, Ullakhan Ary and Orto Ues Aryta.
Turukannakh-Kumaga is a long and narrow island off the Lena delta's western shore.
One of the Lena delta islands, Ostrov Amerika-Kuba-Aryta or Ostrov Kuba-Aryta, was named after the island of Cuba during Soviet times. It is on the northern edge of the delta.[4]
Gallery[edit]
Further reading[edit]
Alexander von Bunge & Baron Eduard Von Toll (1887), The Expedition to the New Siberian Islands and the Yana country, equipped by the Imperial Academy of Sciences.
See also[edit]
Lena Pillars
List of rivers of Russia
List of longest undammed rivers
William Barr, writer of The First Soviet Convoy to the Mouth of the Lena.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.abratsev.narod.ru/biblio/sokolov/p1ch23b.html, Sokolov, Eastern Siberia // Hydrography of USSR. (in russian)
Jump up ^ "Lena River Delta - A Global Ecoregion". World Wide Fund for Nature. 2006-07-06. Archived from the original on 2007-06-30. Retrieved 2008-05-23.
Jump up ^ http://www.randewy.ru/karta/geogr24.html
Jump up ^ "Ostrov Amerika-Kuba-Aryta"
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Lena". Encyclopædia Britannica. 16 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Lena River.
NASA Earth Observatory page on flooding on the Lena River
Information and a map of the Lena's watershed
Permafrost in the Lena Delta
Alfred Wegner institute (AWI) Publications, Berichte zur Polar- und Meeresforschung (Reports on polar and marine research) - free, downloadable research reports on the biology, geology, oceanography, hydrology, paleontology, paleoclimatology, fauna, flora, soils, cryology, and so forth of the Lena Delta, Laptev Sea, and other parts of the Arctic Circle.
[show]
v
t
e
Islands of the Laptev Sea (Russian Arctic)
Aerosyomki
Anzhu Islands
Arangastakh
Belkovsky Island
Bolshevik
Bolshoy Begichev
Brusneva
Bulgunnyakhtakh-Belkey
Chychas-Aryta
Daldalakh
Dallalakh
Dunay Islands
Dzhyangylakh
Faddey Islands
Bolshoy Lyakhovsky
Komsomolets
Komsomolskaya Pravda Islands
Kotelny
Lena Delta Islands
Leykina
Maly Lyakhovsky
Lyakhovsky Islands
Makar Island
Maliy Begichev
Maly Taymyr
Muostakh
Nanosnyy
New Siberian Islands
Orto Ary
Peschany
Petrushka
Preobrazheniya
Psov Island
Sagastyr
Saint Andrew Island
Saint Peter Islands
Salkay
Samakh Ary Dyete
Samolyota
Semyonovsky
Severnaya Zemlya
Shelonsky Islands
Starokadomsky
Stolbovoy
Vos'mogo Marta
Vilkitsky Islands
Yarok
Yaya
Zalivnyye Islands
[show]
v
t
e
Shipbuilding and shipping on the Lena River
Shipbuilding
Boatbuilding yards
Biryulka
Bolshiye Goly
Shipyards
Kachug
Ship repair
Kachug
River ports
Osetrovo (with railway station)
Ship types
Shitik
Pausik
Karbas
Well-known vessels
First steam ship of Lena River
Sedelnikov
Well-known travels
Lenskaya polar station
Baron Vrangels researches
River accidents
Shipwrecks of Lena River in 2002
Tanker failure in 2009
Significant persons
Ferdinand von Wrangel (explorer)
Media related to Lena River at Wikimedia Commons
Coordinates: 73°N 127°E / 73°N 127°E / 73; 127
Authority control
GND: 4313828-7
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lena_River&oldid=801026355"
Categories:
Rivers of Irkutsk Oblast
Rivers of the Sakha Republic
Lena basin
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This page was last edited on 17 September 2017, at 06:31.
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Maliy Begichev Island

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Lena – Afrikaans
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Lena – Bosnian
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Lena – Catalan
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Lena – Czech
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Afon Lena – Welsh
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cy
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Leena – Estonian
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Léna – French
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Lena – Upper Sorbian
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Lena – Croatian
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Kali Lena – Javanese
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Lena – Latin
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Ļena – Latvian
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Lena – Lithuanian
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Lena – Uzbek
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Lena – Romanian
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Lena – Slovenian
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Lena – Serbo-Croatian
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Lena – Finnish
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