text:
Continuum (John Mayer album)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Continuum
Studio album by John Mayer
Released
September 12, 2006
Recorded
November 2005–July 2006
The Village Recorder
(Los Angeles, California)
Royal Studios
(Memphis, Tennessee)
Avatar Studios, Right Track/Sound on Sound
(New York City, New York)
Genre
Pop rock[1]
blues rock
blue-eyed soul[2]
soft rock[3]
Length
48:34
Label
Columbia, Aware
Producer
John Mayer, Steve Jordan
John Mayer chronology
Heavier Things
(2003)Heavier Things2003 Continuum
(2006) Battle Studies
(2009)Battle Studies2009
Singles from Continuum
"Waiting on the World to Change"
Released: July 11, 2006
"Belief"
Released: September 2006
"Gravity"
Released: September 12, 2006
"Dreaming with a Broken Heart"
Released: July 4, 2007
"Say"
Released: November 20, 2007
Continuum is the third studio album by American musician John Mayer, released September 12, 2006 on Columbia Records. Recording sessions for the album took place during November 2005 to September 2006 at The Village Recorder in Los Angeles, California, Avatar Studios and Right Track/Sound on Sound in New York City, and Royal Studios in Memphis, Tennessee.[4] Production was handled primarily by Mayer and Steve Jordan. It marked a change in Mayer's musical style, and incorporated musical elements of blues and soul more heavily than in his previous work with pop-rock.[3][5][6]
The album debuted at number 2 on the US Billboard 200 chart, selling 300,186 copies in its first week. It also reached the top-ten in several other countries and sold over 3 million copies worldwide. Upon its release, Continuum received generally positive reviews from most music critics and earned Mayer several accolades, including a Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album at the 49th Grammy Awards. Rolling Stone magazine named it the eleventh best album of 2006.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Cover art
3 Release and promotion
4 Commercial performance
5 Critical reception
6 Track listing
7 Personnel
7.1 Musicians
7.2 Production
8 Chart history
9 Accolades
10 References
11 External links
Background[edit]
With any trilogy, the third in the series blows it open.
John Mayer, 2006[7]
Mayer made the decision to name his third album Continuum at least a year before the album was released. In his column in the April 2005 issue of Esquire, Mayer wrote, "I'm obsessed with time lately, constantly crunching the numbers to get some sense of where I stand in the continuum."[8] In his column in the September 2005 issue of Esquire he confirmed the title, writing, "I've never experienced anything like the recording process involved in making Continuum, my third-album-to-be.[9]
The album features mainly new songs, though "Gravity" and "Vultures" are available in live versions from John Mayer Trio's Try!, and "Bold as Love", which is a Jimi Hendrix cover: the first Hendrix cover that Mayer has ever recorded as a studio release (although Mayer has recorded other Hendrix songs over time in live settings such as "The Wind Cries Mary" and "Wait Until Tomorrow"). (Mayer had played "Bold as Love" live many times prior to the release of Continuum such as on the televised Tsunami Aid: A Concert of Hope which aired on January 15, 2005.) The album contains a collaboration between Mayer and 8-string guitarist Charlie Hunter on the tune "In Repair". The song "Stop this Train" was written during a time of, what Mayer calls, "solitary refinement;" He was in bed suffering from double kidney stones, and living in a hotel while finding a new residence.[10]
Cover art[edit]
The word "Continuum" is showcased across the center. The typography for the title was customized to give the letters "C" and "o" the appearance of an infinity symbol: ∞. Many of the following letters touch in some way; the right vertical line of the second "u" is the left vertical line of the "m" in the title.
The album has been released several times with slight differences in the artwork. The three major releases feature, respectively: A photo of Mayer; a silver cover with a white title; and a Local 83-only version (including a silver bag). The first features a dark gray-scale photograph of Mayer with the title near the top; another is identical except for "featured" centered across the top. Some versions feature only a CD. In these cases, the album features Mayer on the cover. When the album is packaged with a jewel casing, the inside cover is all white with the "Continuum" logo printed very faintly on it. The basic CD is white with off-white letters that slides into a slipcase of deep gray with lettering in light gray and blue/green. During the pre-order, it appeared as though there would be a variation of said artwork on a special edition version, and it turned out that the "special packaging" was a shiny silver bag which held the CD and the pre-order bonuses. All artwork was designed by Mayer along with Smog Design, Inc. The inside of the CD sleeve includes photographs, some taken by Mayer, such as of the studio (where Mayer's handwriting describes, "*this is what my heart looks like*") and a Ferris wheel where Mayer's handwriting is imposed over the top of the photograph, featuring the lyrics to his songs. There is also a photograph of Mayer with Pino Palladino and Steve Jordan (the three who comprise the John Mayer Trio) on a beach. The CD sleeve features the lyrics to all of Continuum's songs. With both Heavier Things and Room for Squares, there were incongruities with the lyrics in the sleeves when compared with the albums; however, the Continuum lyrics are all printed exactly as recorded on the album.
The UK version of Continuum features a photograph of Mayer on the cover. This cover was used for promotional releases, such as when Mayer performed live on the Australian television program Rove Live. The alternative cover was presented for television by the show's host Rove McManus.
In November 2007, a special edition of Continuum was released. The cover for the special edition features a grey background and silver text for the title, with the Columbia Records logo in black instead of white. However, the line "Music by John Mayer" remains the same teal color as on the regular release. The cover layout is the same.
Release and promotion[edit]
This article needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (January 2009)
By the time of release, Mayer had performed almost all of the songs live at least once, either with a full band or alone in an acoustic set during the Hotel Cafe shows from the previous winter. On August 23, 2006, the entire Continuum album was played on Los Angeles radio station STAR 98.7, with the segment hosted by Mayer himself.[11] He repeated the event for different media outlets several more times before the album's September release, such as "Sneak Peek" through Clear Channel Music; he also performed three songs live for Sessions@AOL.[12] Subsequently, the album was made available for streaming on Clear Channel Music website and for pre-purchase on iTunes, all prior to the album's official release. The iTunes pre-release included the exclusive bonus track, "Can't Take That Plane".
A limited edition EP of "Waiting on the World to Change" was released featuring the album version of the song. The EP includes a bonus acoustic version which features Ben Harper, as well as a studio recording of "Good Love is on the Way", a live version of which was released on the John Mayer Trio's Try!. The Ben Harper version of "Waiting on the World to Change" and an alternative acoustic-only version of "Good Love is on the Way" are also available on Mayer's subsequent release, the EP The Village Sessions.
The first single, "Waiting on the World to Change," was released on July 11, 2006. The music video for the song was directed by Philip Andelman and features Mayer walking along the East River while graffiti artists Futura, Tats Cru, and Daze graffiti messages on New York City billboards displaying messages relating to the song's content. On February 22, 2007, Continuum's second single, "Gravity", entered the Billboard Hot 100 at #71, joining the already charting "Waiting on the World to Change", making for two Continuum singles on the Hot 100 at the same time. It was featured in the soundtrack for the television series House in 2008. "Waiting" entered the Billboard's Hot 100 Digital Songs Chart at #63. It has sold 68,115 in digital downloads since its release. Mayer performed the single "Gravity" at the 49th Annual Grammy Awards with fellow musicians Corinne Bailey Rae and John Legend. "Dreaming with a Broken Heart" is the third official single release from Continuum, and was released for ads at Hot AC and Triple A radio on July 9, 2007.
On November 20, 2007, a special edition of Continuum was released that included a bonus disc of six live tracks and a 20-page booklet containing photos from the tour. Five of the songs are live versions of tracks from Continuum, including all of its singles. A sixth song, "I Don't Need No Doctor", was originally performed by Ray Charles; Mayer previously performed the song as part of his set with the John Mayer Trio. The single "Say" (from The Bucket List soundtrack) was also made available on the CD through an online download unlock function.[13] The tracks were produced by Mayer's engineer Chad Franscoviak.
The album was reissued on Columbia Records on April 8, 2008, with the single "Say" being added directly on the disc.[14] A vinyl lp version of this reissue was also released, on two 180-gram discs.
Commercial performance[edit]
"Slow Dancing in a Burning Room"
An R&B-oriented ballad, the song's theme centers on a relationship on the brink of ending.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Continuum debuted on the US Billboard 200 chart at #2 with 300,186 copies sold.[15] It never reached #1, impeded by the Justin Timberlake album FutureSex/LoveSounds, which was released at the same time. As on November 2009, Continuum has sold 2,800,000 copies[16]in the US and is Mayer's third consecutive multi-platinum selling studio album. It stayed in the top 100 of Billboard's Hot 100 chart for 50 weeks (37 of those weeks were in the top 50).
Worldwide, it has moved more than 3 million copies.[citation needed] In Canada, the album debuted at #2 on the official Albums Chart and is certified platinum for sales of 100,000 copies. According to Nielsen SoundScan, Continuum was the fourth best selling digital album for 2006 in Canada. With no lead single in Australia, Continuum debuted on the ARIA Albums Chart at #12,[17] his lowest debut in Australia to date (Room for Squares debuted at #5 and Heavier Things at #4). Continuum was the ninety-eighth best selling album for 2006 on the ARIA (ARIA) Albums Chart. It has been certified gold by ARIA for sales of 35,000 copies and had stayed on ARIA's Top 100 Albums chart for 34 weeks before exiting the chart. Continuum held the record for the most album downloads in history with over 326,000 copies downloaded until June 29, 2008, when it was surpassed by the Coldplay album Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends.
On February 22, 2007, the lead single, "Waiting on the World to Change", peaked at #14 on the Billboard Hot 100 Singles Chart, where it stayed for forty-one weeks.[18] To date in the US, the single has sold 1,632,137 in digital downloads, and was certified platinum by the RIAA when it crossed the one-million mark in sales. After a month of release, the single peaked at #17 on the Australian ARIA Top 40 Digital Track Chart on November 19, 2006.
Critical reception[edit]
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic [5]
Blender [19]
Entertainment Weekly B−[3]
Los Angeles Times [20]
Mojo [2]
PopMatters 7/10[1]
Q [21]
Rolling Stone [22]
Slant Magazine [23]
Stylus Magazine C[24]
Robert Christgau [25]
Continuum received generally positive reviews from music critics. At Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating out of 100 to reviews from mainstream critics, the album received an average score of 67, based on 18 reviews.[26] Matt Collar of Allmusic called it "a gorgeously produced, brilliantly stripped-to-basics album that incorporates blues, soft-funk, R&B, folk and pop in a sound that is totally owned by Mayer."[5] Mojo called it a "great blue-eyed soul record."[2] Ann Powers of the Los Angeles Times commented that Mayer is "best when treading softly, finding the fluid heart of blue-eyed soul", rather than on more "angst"-filled songs.[20] Bryan Borzykowski of Now felt that "[Mayer's] melodic voice, warm production, complex riffs and thoughtful lyrics should cure the violent reactions Mayer's name used to evoke."[27] MSN Music's Robert Christgau gave Continuum a three-star honorable mention ( ),[25] indicating "an enjoyable effort consumers attuned to its overriding aesthetic or individual vision may well treasure".[28] He cited "Waiting on the World to Change" and "The Heart of Life" as highlights and quipped, "Saying in so many words what his less-gifted, more-pretentious contemporaries think it's cool to camouflage".[25] Anthony DeCurtis, writing in Rolling Stone, called it "a smart, breezy album that deftly fuses his love for old-school blues and R&B with his natural gift for sharp melodies and well-constructed songs."[22] The magazine later ranked it the eleventh best album of 2006.[29]
In a mixed review, Slant Magazine's Jonathan Keefe wrote that, "with no edge to the songwriting and with such spit-polished, tasteful production, Continuum just doesn't convince as a heady, soulful rock album or as Mayer's creative quantum leap forward".[23] Jody Rosen, writing for Entertainment Weekly, felt that Mayer is too "classy" and wrote that, although the songs are "shapely" and "the musicianship is elegant and virtuosic", the music's "low-key loveliness dissipates into a sleep-inducing soft-rock haze."[3] Stylus Magazine stated that Mayer "calmly circles the same career themes with the same warmed-over, palatable guitar weavings".[24] Q magazine called it "dour stuff reminiscent of a yogic Sting."[21]
Track listing[edit]
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Length
1. "Waiting on the World to Change" John Mayer 3:21
2. "I Don't Trust Myself (With Loving You)" Mayer 4:52
3. "Belief" Mayer 4:02
4. "Gravity" Mayer 4:05
5. "The Heart of Life" Mayer 3:19
6. "Vultures" Mayer, Steve Jordan, Pino Palladino 4:11
7. "Stop This Train" Mayer 4:45
8. "Slow Dancing in a Burning Room" Mayer 4:02
9. "Bold as Love" (The Jimi Hendrix Experience cover) Jimi Hendrix 4:18
10. "Dreaming with a Broken Heart" Mayer 4:07
11. "In Repair" Mayer, Charlie Hunter 6:09
12. "I'm Gonna Find Another You" Mayer 2:43
Total length: 49:54
[show]2008 reissue
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Length
13. "Say" Mayer 3:49
Total length: 53:51
[show]2007 edition bonus disc
No.
Title
Writer(s)
Live details
Length
1. "Vultures" Mayer, Jordan, Palladino Charter One Pavilion, Chicago, Illinois, June 28, 2007 5:40
2. "Belief" Mayer U.S. Bank Arena, Cincinnati, Ohio, June 26, 2007 6:04
3. "Waiting on the World to Change" Mayer Verizon Center, Washington, D.C., July 25, 2007 3:39
4. "Dreaming with a Broken Heart" Mayer Hollywood Bowl, Los Angeles, California, June 10, 2007 4:15
5. "I Don't Need No Doctor" (Ray Charles cover) Joseph Armstead, Nickolas Ashford, Valerie Simpson Wells Fargo Arena, Des Moines, Iowa, June 18, 2007 5:54
6. "Gravity" Mayer Blossom Music Center, Cuyahoga Falls, Ohio, July 1, 2007 10:20
Total length: 36:43
Personnel[edit]
Musicians[edit]
John Mayer – vocals, guitars, production
Pino Palladino – bass guitar
Steve Jordan – drums, percussion, backing vocals, production
Ricky Peterson – keyboards on tracks 1, 6, 11 and 12, backing vocals on track 1
Roy Hargrove – horns on tracks 1 and 2
Willie Weeks – bass on track 2
Ben Harper – guitar on track 3
Clayton Cameron – Drums on track 3
Manolo Badrena – percussion on track 3
Larry Goldings – keyboards and organ on track 4
James Valentine – guitar on tracks 7 and 11.
Jamie Muhoberac – keyboards on tracks 7 and 11
Charlie Hunter – eight-string guitar on track 11
Lester Snell – keyboards and horn arrangements assistance on track 12
Boo Mitchell – horn arrangements on track 12
Willie Mitchell – horn arrangements on track 12
Carlos Saucedo – guitars on track 12
Harley Pasternak – backing vocals on track 1
Jeannie Martinez – backing vocals on track 1
Kristen Moss – backing vocals on track 1
Lee Padgett – backing vocals on track 1
Maggie Slavonic – backing vocals on track 1
Ricky Cytonbaum – backing vocals on track 1
Sandy Vongdasy – backing vocals on track 1
Scotty Crowe – backing vocals on track 1
Production[edit]
Manny Marroquin – mixing on tracks 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12
Michael Brauer – mixing on tracks 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11
Jared Robbins – mixing assistance on tracks 1, 2, 4, 8 and 12
Will Hensley – mixing assistance on tracks 3, 5, 6, 7, 9, 10 and 11
Chad Franscoviak – engineering
Joe Ferla – engineering
Dave O'Donnell – engineering on tracks 1, 3 and 11
John Alagía – engineering on track 7
Angie Teo – engineering assistance, Pro Tools engineering
Brian Montgomery – engineering assistance, Pro Tools engineering
Bryan Pugh – engineering assistance, Pro Tools engineering
Dan Monti – engineering assistance
Jared Nugent – engineering assistance
Jim Monti – engineering assistance
Peter Doris – engineering assistance, Pro Tools engineering
Vanessa Parr – engineering assistance
Greg Calbi – mastering
Martin Pradler – digital editing, Pro Tools engineering
Nathaniel Kunkel – Pro Tools engineering
Chart history[edit]
Chart (2006)
Providers
Peak
position
Certification
Sales
Billboard 200 Albums Chart (US) Billboard 2[15] 2x Platinum 2,272,747
Billboard Comprehensive Albums (US) Billboard 2[30]
Billboard Digital Albums (US) Billboard 1[31] 326,000
Billboard Internet Albums (US) Billboard 3[32] 326,000
Billboard Top Rock Albums (US) Billboard 1[33]
Australian Albums Chart ARIA 12 Platinum [34] 70,000+
Canadian Albums Chart Nielsen SoundScan 2[35] Platinum 100,000+
UK Albums Chart OCC 46[36] Gold [37] 100,000+
New Zealand Albums Chart RIANZ 9 Gold 7,500+
Denmark Top 40 Albums Chart IFPI Danmark & ACNielsen 24 [38] 2x Platinum
Netherlands Top 100 Albums Chart GfK Mega Charts 12
Accolades[edit]
On December 7, 2006, Continuum was nominated for three Grammys. Including these, Mayer earned five nominations, in total – one nomination for Best Rock Album for Try! with the John Mayer Trio and another for Best Solo Rock Vocal Performance for "Route 66" from the Cars motion picture soundtrack. The album's lead single, "Waiting on the World to Change", was nominated and won in the category for Best Male Pop Vocal Performance. Continuum won the Grammy for Best Pop Vocal Album.
Year
Award
Category
2007 Technical Excellence & Creativity Awards
Record Production/Album - WON
49th annual Grammy Awards
Album of the Year - nominated
Best Pop Vocal Album - WON
Best Male Pop Vocal Performance for "Waiting on the World to Change" - WON
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Joseph, Mike (2006-09-21). "John Mayer: Continuuum". PopMatters. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Review: Continuum". Mojo. London: 108. December 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Rosen, Jody (2006-09-15). "Continuum Review". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
Jump up ^ John Mayer and Steve Jordan discuss the writing and recording process. MixOnline. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
^ Jump up to: a b c Collar, Matt. "Continuum - John Mayer". Allmusic. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
Jump up ^ Anderman, Joan. John Mayer Takes on Serious Soul Music. The Boston Globe. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
Jump up ^ "John Mayer Biography". John Mayer Official Website. Archived from the original on 2006-08-19. Retrieved 2006-07-30. External link in |work= (help)
Jump up ^ No byline (2005). "Mayer hints at the album title" Esquire.com (prior to the title's announcement) (accessed March 16, 2007)
Jump up ^ Mayer writes in his Esquire Column that he intends to name his third album Continuum.
Jump up ^ Mahoney, Lesley (October 24, 2008) "John Mayer: Converting Information to Inspiration", Berkley.edu (Retrieved 2008-11-02)
Jump up ^ Mayer, John (2006-08-04). "Continuum First Listen". John Mayer Official Blog. Retrieved 2006-08-06.
Jump up ^ "John Mayer World Premiere of Continuum". Star 98.7 FM. Retrieved 2006-08-25. External link in |work= (help)
Jump up ^ JohnMayer.org staff (November 14, 2007). ("CONTINUUM (SPECIAL EDITION) TO BE RELEASED ON NOVEMBER 20; INCLUDES 6 LIVE TRACKS AND NEW SINGLE, "SAY"" JohnMayer.com Retrieved 2007-11-19
Jump up ^ John Mayer Continuum Reissue, news.jamradio.org, March 26, 2008, Retrieved March 27, 2008
^ Jump up to: a b "The Billboard 200". Billboard Magazine. External link in |work= (help)
Jump up ^ Herrera, Monica (November 10, 2009). "Video: John Mayer Says 'Battle Studies' Reflects His Personal Growth". Billboard. Prometheus Global Media. Retrieved November 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Album Charts". Retrieved 2006-09-25.
Jump up ^ "The Hot 100". Billboard Magazine. External link in |work= (help)
Jump up ^ Moon, Tom (October 2006). "John Mayer: Continuum". Blender. New York: 138.
^ Jump up to: a b Powers, Ann (2006-09-03). "Angst yields to maturity". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
^ Jump up to: a b "Review: Continuum". Q. London: 138. December 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b DeCurtis, Anthony (2006-09-11). "Continuum". Rolling Stone. Retrieved on 2011-08-20.
^ Jump up to: a b Keefe, Jonathan (2006-09-25). "John Mayer: Continuum". Slant Magazine. Retrieved on 2010-03-27.
^ Jump up to: a b McGarvey, Evan (2006-09-25). "John Mayer - Continuum - Review". Stylus Magazine. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
^ Jump up to: a b c Christgau, Robert. "CG: John Mayer". MSN Music: February 2007. Archived from the original on 2009-12-29.
Jump up ^ "Critic Reviews for Continuum". Metacritic. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
Jump up ^ Borzykowski, Bryan (September 14–20, 2006). "Reviews" NOW 26:2
Jump up ^ Christgau, Robert. CG Keys to Icons. Robert Christgau. Retrieved on 2009-12-29.
Jump up ^ No byline (2007). "The Top 50 Albums of 2006" Rolling Stone (accessed March 16, 2007)
Jump up ^ Billboard.com Top Comprehensive Albums 2006-09-21
Jump up ^ Billboard.com Top Digital Albums 2006-09-21
Jump up ^ Billboard.com Top Internet Albums 2006-09-21
Jump up ^ Billboard.com Top R&B/Hip-HopAlbums 2006-09-21
Jump up ^ http://www.aria.com.au/pages/httpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.aupageshttpwww.aria.com.auALBUMaccreds2011.htm
Jump up ^ "Gold & Platinum". Canadian Recording Industry Association (CRIA). April 2007. Archived from the original on 2010-11-22. Retrieved 2007-10-16.
Jump up ^ "UK Official Charts > Continuum". www.officialcharts.com. UK Official Charts Company. Retrieved 18 October 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.bpi.co.uk/certified-awards.aspx
Jump up ^ http://www.ifpi.dk/?q=content/john-mayer-continuum
External links[edit]
Continuum at Discogs
Continuum at Metacritic
Album Review at About.com
John Mayer Trio Returns to The Village Recorder at ZioShow
[show]
v
t
e
John Mayer
Discography
Studio albums
Room for Squares
Heavier Things
Continuum
Battle Studies
Born and Raised
Paradise Valley
The Search for Everything
Live albums
Any Given Thursday
As/Is
Try!
Where the Light Is: John Mayer Live in Los Angeles
Extended plays
Inside Wants Out
The Village Sessions
The Complete 2012 Performances Collection
The Search for Everything: Wave One
The Search for Everything: Wave Two
Singles
"No Such Thing"
"Your Body Is a Wonderland"
"Why Georgia"
"Bigger Than My Body"
"Clarity"
"Daughters"
"Waiting on the World to Change"
"Belief"
"Gravity"
"Dreaming with a Broken Heart"
"Say"
"Free Fallin'"
"Who Says"
"Heartbreak Warfare"
"Half of My Heart"
"Shadow Days"
"Queen of California"
"Who You Love"
"Love on the Weekend"
Featured singles
"Go!"
"Streetcorner Symphony"
Video albums
Any Given Thursday
Where the Light Is: John Mayer Live in Los Angeles
Concert tours
Battle Studies World Tour
Born and Raised World Tour
The Search for Everything World Tour
Related articles
John Mayer Trio
Try!
"Who Did You Think I Was"
Annual John Mayer Holiday Charity Revue
Dead & Company
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Continuum_(John_Mayer_album)&oldid=797289285"
Categories:
John Mayer albums
2006 albums
Columbia Records albums
Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album
Hidden categories:
CS1 errors: external links
Articles with hAudio microformats
Music infoboxes with deprecated parameters
Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2009
All Wikipedia articles in need of updating
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from August 2007
Track listings with deprecated parameters
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Français
Italiano
Polski
Português
Русский
Simple English
Svenska
Türkçe
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 26 August 2017, at 03:04.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background-color: lightsteelblue

attrs: href class

value: span

values:
/wiki/The_Village_Recorder
mw-redirect
The Village Recorder

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em .2em 0

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em 0 .2em .1em

values: background: transparent; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse

values:
/wiki/49th_Grammy_Awards
mw-redirect
49th Grammy Awards

values: float: left; clear: left; margin: 0.5em 1.4em 0.8em 0; width:300px; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #F9F9F9;

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update

values:
/wiki/Clear_Channel_Communications
mw-redirect
Clear Channel Communications

values:
/wiki/Try!_(John_Mayer_Trio_album)
mw-redirect
Try! (John Mayer Trio album)

values: File:John Mayer - Slow Dancing in a Burning Room.ogg

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 110px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -27.5px;

values: width:220px width: 220px; position: relative;

values:
/wiki/Billboard%27s_Hot_100
mw-redirect
Billboard's Hot 100

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2007)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Australian Recording Industry Association

values: Viva la Vida or Death and All His Friends

values:
white-space:nowrap
(3-star Honorable Mention)

values: float:right;width:24.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:center;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0;border-spacing:0

values:
/wiki/Weighted_mean
mw-redirect
Weighted mean

values: padding:0 10px 0 0;text-align:right;background-color:#eee

values:
tlheader mbox-text
4
text-align:left;background-color:#fff

values: display: none; background-color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values:
tlheader mbox-text
5
text-align:left;background-color:#fff

values:
/wiki/Charter_One_Pavilion
mw-redirect
Charter One Pavilion

values: display: none; background-color: rgb(247, 247, 247);

values:
/wiki/Verizon_Center
mw-redirect
Verizon Center

values:
/wiki/Wells_Fargo_Arena_(Des_Moines)
mw-redirect
Wells Fargo Arena (Des Moines)

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
/wiki/Audio_engineering
mw-redirect
Audio engineering

values: Recording Industry Association of New Zealand

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.allmusic.com/album/r852470

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.johnmayer.com/bio

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.johnmayer.com/blog#83

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.star987.com

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.billboard.com

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.cria.ca/gold/0407_g.php

values:
John_Mayer
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

values: The Complete 2012 Performances Collection

values: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Grammy Award for Best Pop Vocal Album

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:Music infoboxes with deprecated parameters

values: Category:Wikipedia articles in need of updating from January 2009

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles in need of updating

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2007

values: Category:Track listings with deprecated parameters

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Continuum_(John_Mayer_album)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Continuum (альбом Джона Мэйера) – Russian

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuum
Continuum – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Continuum_John_Mayer_album rootpage-Continuum_John_Mayer_album skin-vector action-view


text:
The Naming of Cats
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This article includes a list of references, related reading or external links, but its sources remain unclear because it lacks inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (May 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
"The Naming of Cats" is a poem in T. S. Eliot's poetry book Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats and its stage adaptation, Andrew Lloyd Webber's popular musical Cats. It describes to humans how cats get their names. The poem has also been quoted in other films, notably Logan's Run, when Logan meets the old man outside the dome city.
Contents
[hide]
1 The poem
2 The Musical
3 The Movie
4 References
The poem[edit]
The poem uses a short rhythmic dialogue to describe how cats get or choose their names. It also shows how cats are also mysterious and devious, e.g., with the line "The name that no human research can discover—but THE CAT HIMSELF KNOWS, and will never confess.
The Naming of Cats (Excerpt)

The Naming of Cats is a difficult matter,
It isn't just one of your holiday games;
You may think at first I'm as mad as a hatter
When I tell you, a cat must have THREE DIFFERENT NAMES.
First of all, there's the name that the family use daily,
Such as Peter, Augustus, Alonzo or James, Such as Victor or Jonathan, George or Bill Bailey--
All of them sensible everyday names.
There are fancier names if you think they sound sweeter,
Some for the gentlemen, some for the dames:
Such as Plato, Admetus, Electra, Demeter--
But all of them sensible everyday names.
But I tell you, a cat needs a name that's particular,
T. S. Eliot, Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats
The Musical[edit]
In Cats, "The Naming of Cats" is the second song of the musical. The Naming of Cats is a slow, eerie song which breaks the fourth wall, acknowledging the audience and explaining to them how cats are given their names, all through unison, quietly whispering, but also fiercely hissing, in rhythmic dialogue from the full company.
The Movie[edit]
In the 1976 movie "Logan's Run" actor Peter Ustinov recites a shortened version of the poem.
References[edit]
Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats, T. S. Eliot, Harcourt, 1982, ISBN 0-15-168656-4
A Cat's Diary: How the Broadway Production of Cats was born, Stephen Hanan, Smith & Kraus, 2002, ISBN 1-57525-281-3
[hide]
v
t
e
Andrew Lloyd Webber and T. S. Eliot's Cats
Characters
Alonzo
Bombalurina
Carbucketty
Cat Morgan
Demeter
Electra
Etcetera
Griddlebone
Grizabella
Jellylorum
Jemima
Jennyanydots
Macavity
Mr. Mistoffelees
Mungojerrie
Munkustrap
Old Deuteronomy
Pouncival
Rum Tum Tugger
Rumpleteazer
Rumpus Cat
Skimbleshanks
Victoria the White Cat
Inspiration
Old Possum's Book of Practical Cats
"The Awefull Battle of the Pekes and the Pollicles"
"Bustopher Jones"
"Growltiger's Last Stand"
"Gus: The Theatre Cat"
"The Naming of Cats"
Adaptations
Cats (film)
Songs
"Memory"
Albums
CATS
Other
Jellicle cats
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Naming_of_Cats&oldid=828252818"
Categories:
Poetry by T. S. Eliot
Cats (musical)
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from July 2015
All articles needing additional references
Articles lacking in-text citations from May 2013
All articles lacking in-text citations
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 1 March 2018, at 13:24.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: td

attrs: href title

value: b

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: i

value: small

value: tr

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-No_footnotes

values: background-color: #F9F9F9; color: Arial; text-align: center; font-size: larger; font-weight: bold;

values: float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em; width:19em; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #F9F9F9;

values:
/wiki/Electra_(cat)
mw-redirect
Electra (cat)

values:
/wiki/Bustopher_Jones
mw-redirect
Bustopher Jones

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2015

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Articles lacking in-text citations from May 2013

values: Category:All articles lacking in-text citations

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/The_Naming_of_Cats
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page (page does not exist) [ctrl-alt-t]

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Naming_of_Cats rootpage-The_Naming_of_Cats skin-vector action-view


text:
Standard Template Library
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
C++ Standard Library
Input/output
Strings
Standard Template Library
algorithm
functional
Sequence containers
Associative containers
Unordered associative containers
C standard library
Data types
Character classification
Strings
Mathematics
File input/output
Date/time
Localization
Memory allocation
Process control
Signals
Alternative tokens
Miscellaneous headers:
<assert.h>
<errno.h>
<setjmp.h>
<stdarg.h>
v
t
e
For other uses, see STL.
The Standard Template Library (STL) is a software library for the C++ programming language that influenced many parts of the C++ Standard Library. It provides four components called algorithms, containers, functions, and iterators.[1]
The STL provides a set of common classes for C++, such as containers and associative arrays, that can be used with any built-in type and with any user-defined type that supports some elementary operations (such as copying and assignment). STL algorithms are independent of containers, which significantly reduces the complexity of the library.
The STL achieves its results through the use of templates. This approach provides compile-time polymorphism that is often more efficient than traditional run-time polymorphism. Modern C++ compilers are tuned to minimize abstraction penalties arising from heavy use of the STL.
The STL was created as the first library of generic algorithms and data structures for C++, with four ideas in mind: generic programming, abstractness without loss of efficiency, the Von Neumann computation model,[2] and value semantics.
Contents
1 Composition
1.1 Containers
1.2 Iterators
1.3 Algorithms
1.4 Functions
2 History
3 Criticisms
3.1 Quality of implementation of C++ compilers
3.2 Other issues
4 Implementations
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
Composition[edit]
Containers[edit]
The STL contains sequence containers and associative containers. The containers are objects that store data. The standard sequence containers include vector, deque, and list. The standard associative containers are set, multiset, map, multimap, hash_set, hash_map, hash_multiset and hash_multimap. There are also container adaptors queue, priority_queue, and stack, that are containers with specific interface, using other containers as implementation.
Container
Description
Simple containers
pair
The pair container is a simple associative container consisting of a 2-tuple of data elements or objects, called 'first' and 'second', in that fixed order. The STL 'pair' can be assigned, copied and compared. The array of objects allocated in a map or hash_map (described below) are of type 'pair' by default, where all the 'first' elements act as the unique keys, each associated with their 'second' value objects.
Sequences (arrays/linked lists): ordered collections
vector
a dynamic array, like C array (i.e., capable of random access) with the ability to resize itself automatically when inserting or erasing an object. Inserting an element to the back of the vector at the end takes amortized constant time. Removing the last element takes only constant time, because no resizing happens. Inserting and erasing at the beginning or in the middle is linear in time.
A specialization for type bool exists, which optimizes for space by storing bool values as bits.
list
a doubly linked list; elements are not stored in contiguous memory. Opposite performance from a vector. Slow lookup and access (linear time), but once a position has been found, quick insertion and deletion (constant time).
slist
a singly linked list; elements are not stored in contiguous memory. Opposite performance from a vector. Slow lookup and access (linear time), but once a position has been found, quick insertion and deletion (constant time). It has slightly more efficient insertion and deletion, and uses less memory than a doubly linked list, but can only be iterated forwards. It is implemented in the C++ standard library as forward_list.
deque (double-ended queue)
a vector with insertion/erase at the beginning or end in amortized constant time, however lacking some guarantees on iterator validity after altering the deque.
Container adaptors
queue
Provides FIFO queue interface in terms of push/pop/front/back operations.
Any sequence supporting operations front(), back(), push_back(), and pop_front() can be used to instantiate queue (e.g. list and deque).
priority queue
Provides priority queue interface in terms of push/pop/top operations (the element with the highest priority is on top).
Any random-access sequence supporting operations front(), push_back(), and pop_back() can be used to instantiate priority_queue (e.g. vector and deque). It is implemented using a heap.
Elements should additionally support comparison (to determine which element has a higher priority and should be popped first).
stack
Provides LIFO stack interface in terms of push/pop/top operations (the last-inserted element is on top).
Any sequence supporting operations back(), push_back(), and pop_back() can be used to instantiate stack (e.g. vector, list, and deque).
Associative containers: unordered collections
set
a mathematical set; inserting/erasing elements in a set does not invalidate iterators pointing in the set. Provides set operations union, intersection, difference, symmetric difference and test of inclusion. Type of data must implement comparison operator < or custom comparator function must be specified; such comparison operator or comparator function must guarantee strict weak ordering, otherwise behavior is undefined. Typically implemented using a self-balancing binary search tree.
multiset
same as a set, but allows duplicate elements (mathematical multiset).
map
an associative array; allows mapping from one data item (a key) to another (a value). Type of key must implement comparison operator < or custom comparator function must be specified; such comparison operator or comparator function must guarantee strict weak ordering, otherwise behavior is undefined. Typically implemented using a self-balancing binary search tree.
multimap
same as a map, but allows duplicate keys.
hash_set
hash_multiset
hash_map
hash_multimap
similar to a set, multiset, map, or multimap, respectively, but implemented using a hash table; keys are not ordered, but a hash function must exist for the key type. These types were left out of the C++ standard; similar containers were standardized in C++11, but with different names (unordered_set and unordered_map).
Other types of containers
bitset
stores series of bits similar to a fixed-sized vector of bools. Implements bitwise operations and lacks iterators. Not a sequence. Provides random access.
valarray
Another array data type, intended for numerical use (especially to represent vectors and matrices); the C++ standard allows specific optimizations for this intended purpose. According to Josuttis, valarray was badly designed, by people "who left the [C++ standard] committee a long time before the standard was finished", and expression template libraries are to be preferred.[3] A proposed rewrite of the valarray part of the standard in this vein was rejected, instead becoming a permission to implement it using expression template.[4]
Iterators[edit]
The STL implements five different types of iterators. These are input iterators (that can only be used to read a sequence of values), output iterators (that can only be used to write a sequence of values), forward iterators (that can be read, written to, and move forward), bidirectional iterators (that are like forward iterators, but can also move backwards) and random access iterators (that can move freely any number of steps in one operation).
It is possible to have bidirectional iterators act like random access iterators, so moving forward ten steps could be done by simply moving forward a step at a time a total of ten times. However, having distinct random access iterators offers efficiency advantages. For example, a vector would have a random access iterator, but a list only a bidirectional iterator.
Iterators are the major feature that allow the generality of the STL. For example, an algorithm to reverse a sequence can be implemented using bidirectional iterators, and then the same implementation can be used on lists, vectors and deques. User-created containers only have to provide an iterator that implements one of the five standard iterator interfaces, and all the algorithms provided in the STL can be used on the container.
This generality also comes at a price at times. For example, performing a search on an associative container such as a map or set can be much slower using iterators than by calling member functions offered by the container itself. This is because an associative container's methods can take advantage of knowledge of the internal structure, which is opaque to algorithms using iterators.
Algorithms[edit]
A large number of algorithms to perform activities such as searching and sorting are provided in the STL, each implemented to require a certain level of iterator (and therefore will work on any container that provides an interface by iterators). Searching algorithms like binary_search and lower_bound use binary search and like sorting algorithms require that the type of data must implement comparison operator < or custom comparator function must be specified; such comparison operator or comparator function must guarantee strict weak ordering. Apart from these, algorithms are provided for making heap from a range of elements, generating lexicographically ordered permutations of a range of elements, merge sorted ranges and perform union, intersection, difference of sorted ranges.
Functions[edit]
The STL includes classes that overload the function call operator (operator()). Instances of such classes are called functors or function objects. Functors allow the behavior of the associated function to be parameterized (e.g. through arguments passed to the functor's constructor) and can be used to keep associated per-functor state information along with the function. Since both functors and function pointers can be invoked using the syntax of a function call, they are interchangeable as arguments to templates when the corresponding parameter only appears in function call contexts.
A particularly common type of functor is the predicate. For example, algorithms like find_if take a unary predicate that operates on the elements of a sequence. Algorithms like sort, partial_sort, nth_element and all sorted containers use a binary predicate that must provide a strict weak ordering, that is, it must behave like a membership test on a transitive, non reflexive and asymmetric binary relation. If none is supplied, these algorithms and containers use less by default, which in turn calls the less-than-operator <.
History[edit]
This section's tone or style may not reflect the encyclopedic tone used on Wikipedia. See Wikipedia's guide to writing better articles for suggestions. (September 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The architecture of STL is largely the creation of Alexander Stepanov. In 1979 he began working out his initial ideas of generic programming and exploring their potential for revolutionizing software development. Although David Musser had developed and advocated some aspects of generic programming already by 1971, it was limited to a rather specialized area of software development (computer algebra).
Stepanov recognized the full potential for generic programming and persuaded his then-colleagues at General Electric Research and Development (including, primarily, David Musser and Deepak Kapur) that generic programming should be pursued as a comprehensive basis for software development. At the time there was no real support in any programming language for generic programming.
The first major language to provide such support was Ada (ANSI standard 1983), with its generic units feature. In 1985, the Eiffel programming language became the first object-oriented language to include intrinsic support for generic classes, combined with the object-oriented notion of inheritance.[5] By 1987 Stepanov and Musser had developed and published an Ada library for list processing that embodied the results of much of their research on generic programming. However, Ada had not achieved much acceptance outside the defense industry and C++ seemed more likely to become widely used and provide good support for generic programming even though the language was relatively immature. Another reason for turning to C++, which Stepanov recognized early on, was the C/C++ model of computation that allows very flexible access to storage via pointers, which is crucial to achieving generality without losing efficiency.
Much research and experimentation were needed, not just to develop individual components, but to develop an overall architecture for a component library based on generic programming. First at AT&T Bell Laboratories and later at Hewlett-Packard Research Labs (HP), Stepanov experimented with many architectural and algorithm formulations, first in C and later in C++. Musser collaborated in this research and in 1992 Meng Lee joined Stepanov's project at HP and became a major contributor.
This work undoubtedly would have continued for some time being just a research project or at best would have resulted in an HP proprietary library, if Andrew Koenig of Bell Labs had not become aware of the work and asked Stepanov to present the main ideas at a November 1993 meeting of the ANSI/ISO committee for C++ standardization. The committee's response was overwhelmingly favorable and led to a request from Koenig for a formal proposal in time for the March 1994 meeting. Despite the tremendous time pressure, Alex and Meng were able to produce a draft proposal that received preliminary approval at that meeting.
The committee had several requests for changes and extensions (some of them major), and a small group of committee members met with Stepanov and Lee to help work out the details. The requirements for the most significant extension (associative containers) had to be shown to be consistent by fully implementing them, a task Stepanov delegated to Musser. Stepanov and Lee produced a proposal that received final approval at the July 1994 ANSI/ISO committee meeting. (Additional details of this history can be found in Stevens.) Subsequently, the Stepanov and Lee document 17 was incorporated into the ANSI/ISO C++ draft standard (1, parts of clauses 17 through 27). It also influenced other parts of the C++ Standard Library, such as the string facilities, and some of the previously adopted standards in those areas were revised accordingly.
In spite of STL's success with the committee, there remained the question of how STL would make its way into actual availability and use. With the STL requirements part of the publicly available draft standard, compiler vendors and independent software library vendors could of course develop their own implementations and market them as separate products or as selling points for their other wares. One of the first edition's authors, Atul Saini, was among the first to recognize the commercial potential and began exploring it as a line of business for his company, Modena Software Incorporated, even before STL had been fully accepted by the committee.
The prospects for early widespread dissemination of STL were considerably improved with Hewlett-Packard's decision to make its implementation freely available on the Internet in August 1994. This implementation, developed by Stepanov, Lee, and Musser during the standardization process, became the basis of many implementations offered by compiler and library vendors today.
Criticisms[edit]
This article's Criticism or Controversy section may compromise the article's neutral point of view of the subject. Please integrate the section's contents into the article as a whole, or rewrite the material. (June 2011)
Quality of implementation of C++ compilers[edit]
The Quality of Implementation (QoI) of the C++ compiler has a large impact on usability of STL (and templated code in general):
Error messages involving templates tend to be very long and difficult to decipher. This problem has been considered so severe that a number of tools have been written that simplify and prettyprint STL-related error messages to make them more comprehensible.
Careless use of templates can lead to code bloat.[6] This has been countered with special techniques within STL implementations (e.g. using void* containers internally and other "diet template" techniques) and improving compilers' optimization techniques. However, this symptom is similar to naively manually copying a set of functions to work with a different type, in that both can be avoided with care and good technique.
Template instantiation can increase compilation time and memory usage, in exchange for typically reducing runtime decision-making (e.g. via virtual functions). Until the compiler technology improves enough, this problem can be only partially eliminated by careful coding, avoiding certain idioms, and simply not using templates where they are not appropriate or where compile-time performance is prioritized.
Other issues[edit]
Initialization of STL containers with constants within the source code is not as easy as data structures inherited from C (addressed in C++11 with initializer lists).
STL containers are not intended to be used as base classes (their destructors are deliberately non-virtual); deriving from a container is a common mistake.[7][8]
The concept of iterators as implemented by STL can be difficult to understand at first: for example, if a value pointed to by the iterator is deleted, the iterator itself is then no longer valid. This is a common source of errors. Most implementations of the STL provide a debug mode that is slower, but can locate such errors if used. A similar problem exists in other languages, for example Java. Ranges have been proposed as a safer, more flexible alternative to iterators.[9]
Certain iteration patterns do not map to the STL iterator model.[citation needed] For example, callback enumeration APIs cannot be made to fit the STL model without the use of coroutines,[10] which are platform-dependent or unavailable, and are outside the C++ standard.
Compiler compliance does not guarantee that Allocator objects, used for memory management for containers, will work with state-dependent behavior. For example, a portable library can't define an allocator type that will pull memory from different pools using different allocator objects of that type. (Meyers, p. 50) (addressed in C++11).
The set of algorithms is not complete: for example, the copy_if algorithm was left out,[11] though it has been added in C++11.[12]
Implementations[edit]
Original STL implementation by Stepanov and Lee. 1994, Hewlett-Packard. No longer maintained.
SGI STL, based on original implementation by Stepanov & Lee. 1997, Silicon Graphics. No longer maintained.
libstdc++ by the GNU Project (was part of libg++)[13]
libc++ from LLVM
STLPort, based on SGI STL
Rogue Wave Standard Library (HP, SGI, SunSoft, Siemens-Nixdorf)
Dinkum STL library by P.J. Plauger
The Microsoft STL which ships with Visual C++ is a licensed derivative of Dinkum's STL.
Apache C++ Standard Library (The starting point for this library was the 2005 version of the Rogue Wave standard library[14])
EASTL, developed by Paul Pedriana at Electronic Arts and published as part of EA Open Source.
See also[edit]
List of C++ template libraries
C++11
Boost C++ Libraries
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Holzner, Steven (2001). C++ : Black Book. Scottsdale, Ariz.: Coriolis Group. p. 648. ISBN 1-57610-777-9. The STL is made up of containers, iterators, function objects, and algorithms
Jump up ^ Musser, David (2001). STL tutorial and reference guide: C++ programming with the standard template library. Addison Wesley. ISBN 0-201-37923-6.
Jump up ^ Josuttis, Nicolai M. (1999). The C++ Standard Library: A Tutorial and Handbook. Addison-Wesley Professional. p. 547.
Jump up ^ Vandevoorde, David; Josuttis, Nicolai M. (2002). C++ Templates: The Complete Guide. Addison Wesley. ISBN 0-201-73484-2.
Jump up ^ Meyer, Bertrand. Genericity versus inheritance, in ACM Conference on Object-Oriented Programming Languages Systems and Applications (OOPSLA), Portland (Oregon), 29 September – 2 October 1986, pages 391-405.
Jump up ^ Adrian Stone. "Minimizing Code Bloat: Template Overspecialization".
Jump up ^ Meyers, Scott (2005). Effective C++ Third Edition – 55 Specific Ways to Improve Your Designs. Addison Wesley. ISBN 0-321-33487-6.
Jump up ^ Sutter, Herb; Alexandrescu, Andrei (2004). C++ Coding Standards: 101 Rules, Guidelines, and Best Practices. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-321-11358-6.
Jump up ^ Andrei Alexandrescu (6 May 2009). "Iterators Must Go" (PDF). BoostCon 2009. Retrieved 19 March 2011.
Jump up ^ Matthew Wilson (February 2004). "Callback Enumeration APIs & the Input Iterator Concept". Dr. Dobb's Journal.
Jump up ^ Bjarne Stroustrup (2000). The C++ Programming Language (3rd ed.). Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-70073-5. :p.530
Jump up ^ More STL algorithms (revision 2)
Jump up ^ "libstdc++ Homepage".
Jump up ^ Apache C++ Standard Library. Stdcxx.apache.org. Retrieved on 2013-07-29.
References[edit]
Alexander Stepanov and Meng Lee, The Standard Template Library. HP Laboratories Technical Report 95-11(R.1), 14 November 1995. (Revised version of A. A. Stepanov and M. Lee: The Standard Template Library, Technical Report X3J16/94-0095, WG21/N0482, ISO Programming Language C++ Project, May 1994.)
Alexander Stepanov (2007). Notes on Programming (PDF). Stepanov reflects about the design of the STL.
Nicolai M. Josuttis (2000). The C++ Standard Library: A Tutorial and Reference. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-37926-0.
Scott Meyers (2001). Effective STL: 50 Specific Ways to Improve Your Use of the Standard Template Library. Addison-Wesley. ISBN 0-201-74962-9.
Al Stevens (March 1995). "Al Stevens Interviews Alex Stepanov". Dr. Dobb's Journal. Retrieved 18 July 2007.
David Vandevoorde and Nicolai M. Josuttis (2002). C++ Templates: The Complete Guide. Addison-Wesley Professional. ISBN 0-201-73484-2.
Atul Saini and David R. Musser, STL Tutorial and Reference Guide: C+ + Programming with the Standard Template Library. Foreword by Alexander Stepanov; [Copyright Modena Software Inc.] [[Addison-Wesley ISBN 0-201-63398-1]]
External links[edit]
C++ reference
C++ STL reference, includes C++11 features
STL programmer's guide(broken) guide from SGI
Apache (formerly Rogue Wave) C++ Standard Library Class Reference
Apache (formerly Rogue Wave) C++ Standard Library User Guide
Bjarne Stroustrup on The emergence of the STL (Page 5, Section 3.1)
C++ Standard Specification
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Standard_Template_Library&oldid=843444819"
Categories:
C++ Standard Library
Generic programming
Hidden categories:
Wikipedia articles needing style editing from September 2012
All articles needing style editing
Articles needing POV-check from June 2011
All NPOV disputes
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010
Use dmy dates from January 2012
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikibooks
Languages
العربية
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Български
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Eesti
Español
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
Magyar
Македонски
മലയാളം
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Português
Русский
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
中文
19 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 29 May 2018, at 06:03 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: th

value: li

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/String_(C%2B%2B)
mw-redirect
String (C++)

value: ul

value: code

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values:
/wiki/STL_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
STL (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Library_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Library (computer science)

values:
/wiki/Container_(data_structure)
mw-redirect
Container (data structure)

values:
/wiki/Template_(programming)
mw-redirect
Template (programming)

values:
/wiki/Compile-time_polymorphism
mw-redirect
Compile-time polymorphism

values: Polymorphism in object-oriented programming

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/List_(computing)
mw-redirect
List (computing)

values:
/wiki/Vector_(STL)
mw-redirect
Vector (STL)

values:
/wiki/Amortized_constant_time
mw-redirect
Amortized constant time

values:
/wiki/Queue_(data_structure)
mw-redirect
Queue (data structure)

values:
/wiki/Stack_(data_structure)
mw-redirect
Stack (data structure)

values:
/wiki/LIFO_(computing)
mw-redirect
LIFO (computing)

values:
/wiki/Set_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Set (computer science)

values:
/wiki/Set_difference
mw-redirect
Set difference

values:
/wiki/Strict_weak_ordering
mw-redirect
Strict weak ordering

values:
/wiki/Map_(C%2B%2B)
mw-redirect
Map (C++)

values:
/wiki/Hash_map_(C%2B%2B)
mw-redirect
Hash map (C++)

values:
/wiki/Vector_(mathematics)
mw-redirect
Vector (mathematics)

values:
/wiki/Associative_container
mw-redirect
Associative container

values:
/wiki/Function_objects
mw-redirect
Function objects

values:
/wiki/Predicate_(computer_programming)
mw-redirect
Predicate (computer programming)

values:
/wiki/Set_membership
mw-redirect
Set membership

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/less.html

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-Tone

values:
/wiki/Symbolic_mathematics
mw-redirect
Symbolic mathematics

values:
/wiki/Ada_programming_language
mw-redirect
Ada programming language

values:
/wiki/Defense_industry
mw-redirect
Defense industry

values:
/wiki/Bell_Laboratories
mw-redirect
Bell Laboratories

values: ANSI/ISO committee (page does not exist)

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-criticism

values: Edit section: Quality of implementation of C++ compilers

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2010)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/SunSoft,_Inc.
mw-redirect
SunSoft, Inc.

values:
/wiki/P.J._Plauger
mw-redirect
P.J. Plauger

values:
nofollow
external text
http://stdcxx.apache.org

values:
nofollow
http://gpl.ea.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/Boost_C%2B%2B_Libraries
mw-redirect
Boost C++ Libraries

values:
/wiki/Addison_Wesley
mw-redirect
Addison Wesley

values:
nofollow
external text
http://gameangst.com/?p=226

values: Matthew Wilson (author) (page does not exist)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.ddj.com/cpp/184401766

values:
nofollow
https://gcc.gnu.org/libstdc++/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://stdcxx.apache.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.stepanovpapers.com/notes.pdf

values: Nicolai M. Josuttis (page does not exist)

values: Foreword by Alexander Stepanov; (page does not exist)

values:
nofollow
http://www.cplusplus.com/reference/stl/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.stroustrup.com/DnE2005.pdf

values:
nofollow
external text
https://isocpp.org/std/the-standard

values: Category:Wikipedia articles needing style editing from September 2012

values: Category:All articles needing style editing

values: Category:Articles needing POV-check from June 2011

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from August 2010

values: Category:Use dmy dates from January 2012

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Standard_Template_Library
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: مكتبة القوالب المعيارية – Arabic

values: Стандартная бібліятэка шаблонаў C++ – Belarusian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be
display: none;

values: Стандартная бібліятэка шаблёнаў (C++) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old
display: none;

values:
https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/STL
STL – Bulgarian
bg
bg
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: C++ Standard Template Library – Estonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-et
display: none;

values: 표준 템플릿 라이브러리 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: ספריית התבניות התקנית – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: Стандардна библиотека на шаблони – Macedonian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-mk
display: none;

values: സ്റ്റാൻഡേർഡ് ടെമ്പ്ലേറ്റ് ലൈബ്രറി (സി++) – Malayalam

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ml
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Стандартная библиотека шаблонов – Russian

values: Стандардна библиотека шаблона – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: ไลบรารีแม่แบบมาตรฐาน – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: Стандартна бібліотека шаблонів – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Standard_Template_Library rootpage-Standard_Template_Library skin-vector action-view


text:
Elk Grove, California
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Elk Grove, California
General law city[1]
City of Elk Grove
Old Town in Elk Grove

Seal
Logo
Motto(s): "Proud Heritage, Bright Future"

Location of Elk Grove in Sacramento County, California.
Elk Grove, California
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 38°26′18″N 121°22′55″W / 38.43833°N 121.38194°W / 38.43833; -121.38194Coordinates: 38°26′18″N 121°22′55″W / 38.43833°N 121.38194°W / 38.43833; -121.38194
Country
United States
State
California
County
Sacramento
District
Cosumnes CSD[2]
Incorporated
July 1, 2000[3]
Government
• Type
Council/Manager[4]
• Mayor
Steve Ly (directly elected)[1]
• Vice Mayor
Steven Detrick (appointed by city council and rotated annually)[1]
• Chief Of Police
Bryan Noblett
• Fire Chief
Mike McLaughlin[5]
Area[6]
• Total
42.24 sq mi (109.41 km2)
• Land
42.20 sq mi (109.29 km2)
• Water
0.05 sq mi (0.12 km2) 0.12%
Elevation[7]
46 ft (14 m)
Population (2010)
• Total
153,015
• Estimate (2016)[8]
169,743
• Rank
2nd in Sacramento County
30th in California
• Density
4,022.73/sq mi (1,553.18/km2)
Time zone
Pacific (UTC-8)
• Summer (DST)
PDT (UTC-7)
ZIP codes[9]
95624, 95757–95759
Area code
916
FIPS code
06-22020
GNIS feature IDs
277506, 2410425
Website
elkgrovecity.org
Elk Grove is a city in Sacramento County, California, located just south of the state capital of Sacramento. It is part of the Sacramento–Arden-Arcade–Roseville Metropolitan Statistical Area. As of 2015, the population of the city was estimated at 167,965.[10] The second-largest city in Sacramento County, Elk Grove was the fastest growing city in the U.S. between July 1, 2004, and July 1, 2005.[11]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Demographics
3 Education
3.1 Public libraries
4 Government
5 Economy
5.1 Top employers
6 Infrastructure
6.1 Buses
7 Sister cities
8 Notable people
9 References
10 External links
History[edit]
Spanish explorer Gabriel Moraga entered the region in 1808, naming the valley "Sacramento Valley" in honor of Sacramento, the Holy Sacrament in Spanish, giving the northerly city of Sacramento of which Elk Grove is a suburb its name.[12] A writer on Moraga's expedition wrote of the region: "Canopies of oaks and cottonwoods, many festooned with grapevines, overhung both sides of the blue current. Birds chattered in the trees and big fish darted through the pellucid depths. The air was like champagne, and (the Spaniards) drank deep of it, drank in the beauty around them."[13]
Elk Grove was founded in 1850 as a stage stop for travelers coming from Sacramento and the San Francisco Bay Area, when the Elk Grove Hotel and Stage Stop was opened by James Hall and the town was subsequently named after it.[14] In 1868 the Western Division of the Central Pacific Railroad came through about a mile east of Elk Grove. At this new location another hotel was built to accommodate travelers and was also named the Elk Grove Hotel.[15]
In the following decades, Elk Grove remained a small farming community with little urban development. In the late 1980s, suburban development projects began to spring up around the community, specifically in the north near Sacramento. This was meant to serve Sacramento's population as well as San Francisco commuters looking for a community relatively near the San Francisco Bay Area which they could settle in and still commute from. This set off a period of rapid suburban growth which peaked in the years 2004 and 2005 when Elk Grove was declared the fastest growing city in the US.
On July 1, 2000, Elk Grove incorporated as a city. In 2008 Elk Grove suffered heavily from the subprime mortgage crisis due to its suburban nature.[16]
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1960 2,205 —
1970 3,721 68.8%
1980 10,959 194.5%
1990 17,483 59.5%
2000 59,984 243.1%
2010 153,015 155.1%
Est. 2016 169,743 [8] 10.9%
U.S. Decennial Census[17]
[hide]Racial composition
2010[18]
White 46.1%
—Non-Hispanic 38.1%
Black or African American 11.2%
Hispanic or Latino (of any race) 18.0%
Asian 26.3%
Education[edit]
The Elk Grove Unified School District is the fifth largest school district in California and one of the fastest growing school districts in the nation. Located in southern Sacramento County, the district covers 320 square miles (830 km2), one-third of the county. For the 2002-03 school year, the district served more than 52,500 students, and grew to 62,767 students in the 2016-2017 school year. Those students attend 40 elementary schools, 9 middle schools, 9 high schools and 7 alternative high schools.[19]
There are also several private schools in town. A local community college, Cosumnes River College, offers both vocational training and a transfer program to four-year universities. Located nearby are California State University, Sacramento and the University of California, Davis, as well as St. Mary's College. Elk Grove is also the home of the private six-year Universalist religious college Quest Seminary.[20] In 2013, California Northstate University College of Pharmacy that offers a Doctor of Pharmacy degree program relocated to Elk Grove (near Interstate 5).
Public libraries[edit]
The new Elk Grove Public Library is located at 8900 Elk Grove Blvd in a modern two-story building. It moved to this location in 2008 from its old building one block east. The library is part of the broader Sacramento Public Library system. The Elk Grove Library also serves neighboring communities such as Vineyard, Wilton, Sloughhouse, and Rancho Murieta.[21] Additional local libraries supplement neighborhoods, such as the public Franklin High Library.
Government[edit]
The City of Elk Grove incorporated on July 1, 2000.[3] It is a general law city with a council/manager form of government.[1] Beginning in 2012, voters elect the mayor directly for a two-year term. Prior to 2012, the mayor's position was a one-year term and was chosen at-large by the city council. The remaining four positions on the city council are elected by districts to four-year terms.[1]
On November 8, 2016, Steve Ly became the second directly elected mayor following Gary Davis, and the first Hmong mayor in the United States.[22][23] The remaining councilmembers are Darren Suen (District 1), Pat Hume (District 2), Steve Detrick (District 3) and vacant (District 4).[1]
Elk Grove is in California's 7th congressional district, represented by Democrat Ami Bera.[24]
The Elk Grove Police Department provides policing services for the city while the Cosumnes Community Services District runs the fire department.
Economy[edit]
Top employers[edit]
According to Elk Grove's 2010 Comprehensive Annual Financial Report,[25] the top employers in the city are:
#
Employer
# of Employees
1 Elk Grove Unified School District 5,000
2 Apple 1,800
3 Kaiser Permanente 1,468
4 Methodist Hospital of Sacramento 550
5 ALLDATA 400
6 Cosumnes River College 330
7 Walmart 273
8 Bimbo Bakeries USA 265
9 City of Elk Grove 289
10 Bank of Stockton 237
Companies based in Elk Grove include ALLDATA, Citizens Telecommunications Company of California, and Frontier Communications of the Southwest.
Infrastructure[edit]
Buses[edit]
Elk Grove is serviced by a fared bus system called e-Tran that encompasses many of the city's main thoroughfares.[26]
Sister cities[edit]
Elk Grove is a sister city of Concepción de Ataco in El Salvador.[27]
Notable people[edit]
Arik Armstead (born 1993), linebacker for NFL's San Francisco 49ers[28]
Armond Armstead (born 1990), defensive tackle for CFL's Toronto Argonauts[29]
Ami Bera (born 1965), physician; U.S. Representative, 7th district, California[30]
Scott Boras (born 1952), baseball sports agent who was named "Most Powerful Sports Agent" in 2013 by Forbes[31]
Lance Briggs (born 1980), linebacker for NFL's Chicago Bears[32]
Bill Cartwright (born 1957), player and coach for NBA's Chicago Bulls[33]
Brian Detrick (born 1989), Professional Slalom Water Skier [34]
Kyle Larson (born 1992), NASCAR driver[35]
Kenny Wiggins, lineman for NFL's Los Angeles Chargers
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "City Council". City of Elk Grove. Retrieved February 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Cosumnes CSD - Fire, Parks & Recreation Dept - Elk Grove & Galt, CA - Community Services District Home Page". Retrieved February 5, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "California Cities by Incorporation Date". California Association of Local Agency Formation Commissions. Archived from the original (Word) on November 3, 2014. Retrieved August 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ "City Government". City of Elk Grove. Retrieved February 9, 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.egcitizen.com/news/new-csd-fire-chief-to-be-sworn-in/article_38860450-5838-11e7-ac9c-eb61f9144f39.html
Jump up ^ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved Jul 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Elk Grove". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved October 12, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "ZIP Code(tm) Lookup". United States Postal Service. Retrieved December 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ "E-1 Population Estimates for Cities, Counties, and the State — January 1, 2013 and 2014". California Department of Finance. Archived from the original on July 1, 2014. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "US Census Press Releases". Archived from the original on June 24, 2006. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Sacramento, California City History and Historical Figures". ByCityLight.com. Retrieved 2016-01-02.
Jump up ^ "Cathedral of the Blessed Sacrament - Sacramento, California". Cathedralsacramento.org. November 11, 2012. Retrieved November 16, 2012.
Jump up ^ Erwin, Gudde (2004). California Place Names: The origin and etymology of current geographical names. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 121.
Jump up ^ [1] Archived March 12, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Is America's suburban dream collapsing into a nightmare?". CNN.com. 2008-06-16. Retrieved 2016-01-02.
Jump up ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Elk Grove (city) QuickFacts from the US Census Bureau". Quickfacts.census.gov. Retrieved 2016-01-02.
Jump up ^ "Elk Grove Unified Snapshot" (PDF). Elk Grove Unified School District. Retrieved 19 May 2017.
Jump up ^ "Quest Seminary". Questseminary.org. Archived from the original on July 26, 2012. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
Jump up ^ "Elk Grove Library". Saclibrary.org. Archived from the original on March 22, 2010. Retrieved 2009-11-29.
Jump up ^ "Elk Grove's new mayor cheered by Hmong worldwide". sacbee. Retrieved 2017-03-01.
Jump up ^ Wang, Frances Kai-Hwa. "For Nation’s First Hmong Mayor, Life Is an 'American Story'", NBC News, December 13, 2016. Accessed March 1, 2017. "Steve Ly will make history this month as the nation's first Hmong-American mayor, though it's a historic moment that he says he acknowledges, but doesn't dwell on.... According to 2010 US Census figures, 26.3 percent of Elk Grove's population is Asian and 1.2 percent Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander alone. Of those, Ly estimates that only about 2,000 to 3,000 voters are Hmong American."
Jump up ^ "California's 7th Congressional District - Representatives & District Map". Civic Impulse, LLC. Retrieved March 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ [2] Archived December 26, 2014, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Transit (e-Tran) - City of Elk Grove". Elkgrovecity.org. 2015-09-13. Retrieved 2016-01-02.
Jump up ^ "Sister Cities". City of Elk Grove. Retrieved February 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ http://sacramento.cbslocal.com/2015/05/01/elk-groves-erik-armstead-looks-to-take-the-nfl-path-his-brother-didnt-get/ "Elk Grove’s Arik Armstead Looks To Take The NFL Path His Brother Didn’t Get"], CBS Sacramento, May 1, 2015. Accessed March 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Staff. "Former USC football player from Elk Grove sues over injected drug; Armond Armstead hospitalized for days", KCRA, August 31, 2012. Accessed March 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bera, Ami. "About Dr. Ami Bera". Bera for Congress. Archived from the original on April 1, 2012. Retrieved November 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ Jason Belzer (November 4, 2014). "The World's Most Powerful Sports Agents 2014". Forbes.
Jump up ^ Via Associated Press. "Elk Grove native Lance Briggs plans to retire from NFL", Cincinnati.com, September 3, 2015. Accessed March 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hull, John. "Where Are They Now: Bill Cartwright", Elk Grove Citizen, March 30, 2010. Accessed March 1, 2017. "Cartwright has countless memories of those experiences, but when he sits down and begins reminiscing of his days in Elk Grove, stories of his teenage years start flowing out in sharp detail."
Jump up ^ http://briandetrick.com/bio/
Jump up ^ "Biography". Kyle Larson official website. Archived from the original on August 26, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Elk Grove, California.
Official website
[show]
v
t
e
Municipalities and communities of Sacramento County, California, United States
County seat: Sacramento
Cities
Citrus Heights
Elk Grove
Folsom
Galt
Isleton
Rancho Cordova
Sacramento
CDPs
Antelope
Arden-Arcade
Carmichael
Clay
Courtland
Elverta
Fair Oaks
Florin
Foothill Farms
Franklin
Freeport
Fruitridge Pocket
Gold River
Herald
Hood
La Riviera
Lemon Hill
Mather
McClellan Park
North Highlands
Orangevale
Parkway
Rancho Murieta
Rio Linda
Rosemont
Vineyard
Walnut Grove
Wilton
Unincorporated
communities
Locke
Need
Paintersville
Parkway-South Sacramento
Ryde
Sloughhouse
Ghost towns
Michigan Bar
Mormon Island
Norristown
Prairie City
Sutterville
[show]
v
t
e
Greater Sacramento
Counties
Douglas (NV)
El Dorado
Nevada
Placer
Sacramento
Sutter
Yolo
Yuba
Major City
Sacramento
Cities
and
towns
100k–200k
Elk Grove
Roseville
25k–100k
Antelope
Arden-Arcade
Carmichael
Citrus Heights
Davis
El Dorado Hills
Fair Oaks
Florin
Folsom
Foothill Farms
Lincoln
North Highlands
Orangevale
Rancho Cordova
Rocklin
West Sacramento
Woodland
Yuba City
10k–25k
Auburn
Cameron Park
Diamond Springs
Galt
Gardnerville Ranchos (NV)
Granite Bay
Grass Valley
La Riviera
Lemon Hill
Linda
Marysville
North Auburn
Olivehurst
Parkway
Placerville
Rio Linda
Rosemont
South Lake Tahoe
Truckee
Vineyard
Sub-regions
Gold Country
Lake Tahoe
Sacramento Valley
Sierra Nevada
Yuba–Sutter area
[show]
v
t
e
Sacramento Valley
Counties
Butte
Colusa
Glenn
Placer
Sacramento
Shasta
Sutter
Tehama
Yolo
Yuba
Major cities
Sacramento
Cities and towns
100k-250k
Elk Grove
Roseville
Cities and towns
25k-99k
Antelope
Arden-Arcade
Carmichael
Chico
Citrus Heights
Davis
Fair Oaks
Florin
Folsom
Foothill Farms
Lincoln
North Highlands
Orangevale
Paradise
Rancho Cordova
Redding
Rocklin
West Sacramento
Woodland
Yuba City
Cities and towns
10k-25k
Auburn
Galt
Granite Bay
La Riviera
Linda
Magalia
Marysville
North Auburn
Olivehurst
Oroville
Parkway
Red Bluff
Rio Linda
Rosemont
Shasta Lake
Vineyard
Sub-regions
Sacramento Metropolitan Area
Yuba–Sutter area
[show]
v
t
e
Mayors of cities with populations exceeding 100,000 in California
Eric Garcetti
(Los Angeles)
Kevin Faulconer
(San Diego)
Sam Liccardo
(San Jose)
London Breed (acting)
(San Francisco)
Lee Brand
(Fresno)
Darrell Steinberg
(Sacramento)
Robert Garcia
(Long Beach)
Libby Schaaf
(Oakland)
Karen Goh
(Bakersfield)
Tom Tait
(Anaheim)
Miguel A. Pulido
(Santa Ana)
Rusty Bailey
(Riverside)
Anthony Silva
(Stockton)
Mary Salas
(Chula Vista)
Don Wagner
(Irvine)
Lily Mei
(Fremont)
R. Carey Davis
(San Bernardino)
Garrad Marsh
(Modesto)
Acquanetta Warren
(Fontana)
Tim Flynn
(Oxnard)
Jesse Molina
(Moreno Valley)*
Mike Posey
(Huntington Beach)*
Paula Devine
(Glendale)*
Marsha McLean
(Santa Clarita)*
Jim Wood
(Oceanside)
Bao Nguyen
(Garden Grove)
L. Dennis Michael
(Rancho Cucamonga)
John Sawyer
(Santa Rosa)*
Paul S. Leon
(Ontario)
Gary Davis
(Elk Grove)
Eugene Montanez
(Corona)*
R. Rex Parris
(Lancaster)
James C. Ledford Jr.
(Palmdale)
Barbara Halliday
(Hayward)
Joe Gunter
(Salinas)
Elliot Rothman
(Pomona)
Jim Griffith
(Sunnyvale)
Sam Abed
(Escondido)
Patrick J. Furey
(Torrance)
Terry Tornek
(Pasadena)
Teresa Smith
(Orange)
Greg Sebourn
(Fullerton)*
Carol Garcia
(Roseville)
Steve Nelsen
(Visalia)
Al Adam
(Thousand Oaks)*
Tim Grayson
(Concord)*
Bob Huber
(Simi Valley)
Jamie L. Matthews
(Santa Clara)
Gloria Garcia
(Victorville)
Bob Sampayan
(Vallejo)
Jesse Arreguin
(Berkeley)
Andre Quintero
(El Monte)
Luis H. Marquez
(Downey)*
Matt Hall
(Carlsbad)
Stephen Mensinger
(Costa Mesa)*
Harry T. Price
(Fairfield)
Jeff Comerchero
(Temecula)
James T. Butts Jr.
(Inglewood)
Wade Harper
(Antioch)
Harry Ramos
(Murrieta)
Cheryl Heitmann
(Ventura)*
Tom Butt
(Richmond)
Fredrick Sykes
(West Covina)*
Luigi Vernola
(Norwalk)*
Raymond A. Buenaventura
(Daly City)
Bob Frutos
(Burbank)*
Alice Patino
(Santa Maria)
Nathan Magsig
(Clovis)*
Bill Wells
(El Cajon)
Maureen Freschet
(San Mateo)*
Judy Ritter
(Vista)
Brad Hancock
(Jurupa Valley)
^* Mayor selected from city council
Other states
AL
AK
AZ
AR
CA
CO
CT
DE
FL
GA
HI
ID
IL
IN
IA
KS
KY
LA
ME
MD
MA
MI
MN
MS
MO
MT
NE
NV
NH
NJ
NM
NY
NC
ND
OH
OK
OR
PA
RI
SC
SD
TN
TX
UT
VT
VA
WA
WV
WI
WY
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elk_Grove,_California&oldid=814667971"
Categories:
Elk Grove, California
Cities in Sacramento County, California
Cities in Sacramento metropolitan area
Cosumnes River
Geography of the Sacramento Valley
Former census-designated places in California
Incorporated cities and towns in California
Populated places established in 1850
1850 establishments in California
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Use mdy dates from September 2014
Coordinates on Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikivoyage
Languages
العربية
تۆرکجه
Bân-lâm-gú
Български
Català
Cebuano
Deutsch
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
한국어
Hrvatski
Italiano
Kreyòl ayisyen
لۊری شومالی
Malagasy
Nederlands
नेपाल भाषा
日本語
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
پنجابی
Polski
Português
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Svenska
Tagalog
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
Volapük
Winaray
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 10 December 2017, at 05:07.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: colspan style

values:
/wiki/General_law_city
mw-redirect
General law city

value: sup

values:
/wiki/File:Sunset_Laguna_Blvd.jpg
image
Old Town in Elk Grove

values:
/wiki/File:Elk_Grove_CA_seal.jpg
image
Official seal of Elk Grove, California

values:
/wiki/File:Elk_Grove_CA_logo.jpg
image
Official logo of Elk Grove, California

values: Elk Grove, California is located in the US

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Special-purpose_district
mw-redirect
Special-purpose district

values: List of largest California cities by population

values:
/wiki/Pacific_Daylight_Time
mw-redirect
Pacific Daylight Time

values:
nofollow
external text
http://elkgrovecity.org

values: padding-right:3px; padding-left:3px; font-size:110%; text-align:center

values: text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid black

values: border-top:1px solid black; font-size:85%; text-align:left

values: border-spacing: 1px; float: right; clear: right; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; text-align:right

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/White_American
mw-redirect
White American

values:
/wiki/African_American
mw-redirect
African American

values:
/wiki/Asian_American
mw-redirect
Asian American

values: wikitable sortable collapsible jquery-tablesorter

values: California Northstate University College of Pharmacy

values:
/wiki/Rancho_Murieta
mw-redirect
Rancho Murieta

values:
/wiki/Elk_Grove_Police_Department
mw-redirect
Elk Grove Police Department

values: Citizens Telecommunications Company of California

values: Frontier Communications of the Southwest

values:
nofollow
http://www.yourcsd.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.cathedralsacramento.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.questseminary.org

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.saclibrary.org/?pageId=638

values:
/wiki/CBS_Sacramento
mw-redirect
CBS Sacramento

values:
nofollow
http://briandetrick.com/bio/
external free

values:
nofollow
external text
http://kylelarsonracing.com/bio.htm

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.elkgrovecity.org/
external text

values: Template talk:Sacramento County, California

values:
navbox-image
4
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
row
navbox-group
background: #FCC200;width:1%

values:
row
navbox-group
background: #FCC200;;width:1%

values: Template:California cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template talk:California cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: List of United States cities by population

values:
/wiki/Huntington_Beach
mw-redirect
Huntington Beach

values: Jim Wood (California) (page does not exist)

values: John Sawyer (California politician) (page does not exist)

values: Gary Davis (politician) (page does not exist)

values: James C. Ledford Jr. (page does not exist)

values: Jim Griffith (mayor) (page does not exist)

values: Raymond A. Buenaventura (page does not exist)

values: Bill Wells (politician) (page does not exist)

values: padding:0em 0.25em -moz-column-width: 17em; -webkit-column-width: 17em; column-width: 17em;

values: Template:Alabama cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Arizona cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Colorado cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Connecticut cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Florida cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Georgia (U.S. state) cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Illinois cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Indiana cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Iowa cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Kansas cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Louisiana cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Massachusetts cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Michigan cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Minnesota cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Missouri cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Nevada cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:New Jersey cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:New York cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:North Carolina cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Ohio cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Oklahoma cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Oregon cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Pennsylvania cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Tennessee cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Texas cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Utah cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Virginia cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Washington cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values: Template:Wisconsin cities and mayors of 100,000 population

values:
navbox-abovebelow hlist
2
background: #FCC200

values: Category:Cities in Sacramento County, California

values: Category:Cities in Sacramento metropolitan area

values: Category:Geography of the Sacramento Valley

values: Category:Former census-designated places in California

values: Category:Incorporated cities and towns in California

values: Category:Populated places established in 1850

values: Category:1850 establishments in California

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Use mdy dates from September 2014

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Elk_Grove,_California
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: إلك غروفي – Arabic

values: ال کقروو، کالیفورنیا – South Azerbaijani

values: Elk Grove (California) – Chinese (Min Nan)

values: Елк Гроув (Калифорния) – Bulgarian

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk_Grove
Elk Grove – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk_Grove
Elk Grove – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values: ال کگروو، کالیفرنیا – Persian

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk_Grove
Elk Grove – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values: 엘크그로브 – Korean

values: ال کگروو، کالیفرنیا – Northern Luri

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk_Grove
Elk Grove – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values: एल्क ग्रोभ, क्यालिफोर्निया – Newari

values: エルクグローブ (カリフォルニア州) – Japanese

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk_Grove
Elk Grove – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values: Элк-Гров (Калифорния) – Russian

values: Елк Гроув (Калифорнија) – Serbian

values:
https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elk_Grove
Elk Grove – Volapük
vo
vo
interlanguage-link-target

values: 埃爾克格羅夫 (加利福尼亞州) – Chinese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Elk_Grove_California rootpage-Elk_Grove_California skin-vector action-view