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That's What Friends Are For
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For other uses, see That's What Friends Are For (disambiguation).
"That's What Friends Are For"
Song by Rod Stewart
from the album Night Shift soundtrack
Released
1982
Genre
Pop
Length
3:54
Label
Warner Bros.
Songwriter(s)
Burt Bacharach
Carole Bayer Sager
Night Shift soundtrack track listing
"The Love Too Good to Last"
(4) "That's What Friends Are For"
(5) "Someday, Someway"
(6)
"That's What Friends Are For" is a song written by Burt Bacharach and Carole Bayer Sager. It was first recorded in 1982 by Rod Stewart for the soundtrack of the film Night Shift, but it is better known for the 1985 cover version by Dionne Warwick, Elton John, Gladys Knight and Stevie Wonder. This recording, billed as being by "Dionne & Friends", was released as a charity single for AIDS research and prevention. It was a massive hit, becoming the number 1 single of 1986 in the United States, and winning the Grammy Awards for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals and Song of the Year. Its sales raised over US$3 million for its cause.
Contents
[hide]
1 Personnel
2 Dionne Warwick cover
2.1 Personnel
3 1990 benefit concert
4 Other versions
5 References
6 External links
Personnel[edit]
Rod Stewart – vocals
Jim Cregan – guitar, background vocals
Jimmy "Z" Zavala – saxophone
Kevin Savigar – keyboards
Jay Davis – bass
Tony Brock – drums, background vocals
Dionne Warwick cover[edit]
"That's What Friends Are For"
Single by Dionne Warwick, Elton John, Gladys Knight and Stevie Wonder
(as "Dionne & Friends")
from the album Friends
B-side
"Two Ships Passing in the Night"
Released
November 1985
Format
7"
12"
Genre
Soul
pop
soft rock
adult contemporary
Length
4:14
Label
Arista
Songwriter(s)
Burt Bacharach
Carole Bayer Sager
Producer(s)
Burt Bacharach
Carole Bayer Sager
Dionne Warwick singles chronology
"Run to Me"
(1985) "That's What Friends Are For"
(1985) "Whisper in the Dark"
(1986)
"Run to Me"
(1985) "That's What Friends Are For"
(1985) "Whisper in the Dark"
(1986)
Elton John singles chronology
"Wrap Her Up"
(1985) Wrap Her Up1985 "That's What Friends Are For"
(1985) That's What Friends Are For1985 "Cry to Heaven"
(1986) Cry to Heaven1986
Gladys Knight singles chronology
"Till I See You Again"
(1985) Till I See You Again1985 "That's What Friends Are For"
(1985) That's What Friends Are For1985 "Send It to Me"
(1986) Send It to Me1986
Stevie Wonder singles chronology
"Part-Time Lover"
(1985) Part-Time Lover1985 "That's What Friends Are For"
(1985) That's What Friends Are For1985 "Go Home"
(1985) Go Home1985
A one-off collaboration headed by Dionne Warwick and featuring Gladys Knight, Elton John, and Stevie Wonder was released as a charity single in the United Kingdom and the United States in 1985. The song was written in the key of E♭.[citation needed] It was recorded as a benefit for American Foundation for AIDS Research, and raised over US$3 million for that cause. Warwick, who had previously raised money for blood-related diseases such as sickle-cell anemia, wanted to help combat the then-growing AIDS epidemic because she had seen friends die painfully of the disease.[1]
Elton John played piano and Stevie Wonder played harmonica; the two had previously worked together on 1983's "I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues".
Clockwise from left, Gladys Knight, Carole Bayer-Sager, Burt Bacharach, Dionne Warwick, Stevie Wonder, and Elton John, "That's What Friends Are For", 1985
The song peaked at number one for three weeks on the soul chart and for four weeks on the Billboard Hot 100 in January 1986,[2] and became Billboard's number one single of 1986.[3][4] In the U.S., it was certified Gold on January 15, 1986 by the RIAA. It was the final US number one for all but John. Due to Stevie Wonder's involvement, it also holds the distinction of being the last number one song for anyone who had topped the charts before the British Invasion (Stevie Wonder's first number 1 hit, "Fingertips", came in 1963).
The Dionne and Friends version of the song won the performers the Grammy Award for Best Pop Performance by a Duo or Group with Vocals, as well as Song of the Year for its writers, Bacharach and Bayer Sager. This rendition is also listed at number 75 on Billboard's Greatest Songs of all time.[5]
Dionne Warwick, Elton John, Gladys Knight, and Stevie Wonder performed the song live together for the first time in 23 years at the 25th Anniversary AmfAR Gala in New York City on February 10, 2011.[6]
Personnel[edit]
Dionne Warwick – vocals
Elton John – vocals
Gladys Knight – vocals
Stevie Wonder – vocals, harmonica
1990 benefit concert[edit]
On March 17, 1990 an AIDS benefit titled That's What Friends Are For: Arista Records 15th Anniversary Concert was held at Radio City Music Hall in New York City. One month later, CBS aired a two-hour version of the concert on television. The celebrity guests and Arista label performers were: Air Supply, Lauren Bacall, Burt Bacharach, Eric Carmen, Chevy Chase, Jane Curtin, Clive Davis, Taylor Dayne, Michael Douglas, Exposé, Whoopi Goldberg, Melanie Griffith, Hall & Oates, Jennifer Holliday, Whitney Houston, Alan Jackson, Kenny G, Melissa Manchester, Barry Manilow, Milli Vanilli, Jeffrey Osborne, Carly Simon, Patti Smith, Lisa Stansfield, The Four Tops, and Dionne Warwick. "That's What Friends Are For" was the finale song sung by Warwick and cousin Houston before being joined on the stage by the other guests of the event. Over $2.5 million was raised that night for the Arista Foundation which gave the proceeds to various AIDS organizations.
Other versions[edit]
Other recordings are by Shirley Bassey (1991), Cilla Black & Cliff Richard (a duet for Cilla Black's Through the Years album in 1993) and Helen Reddy (for The Burt Bacharach Album: Broadway Sings the Best of Burt Bacharach in 1998)
Mexican singer Manuel Mijares covered it in his 2009 Spanish-language album Vivir Así under the title of "Para ti yo estoy", a trio with Daniela Romo & Pandora
"The Friends Project" recorded a version that was arranged and produced by Australian singer Nathan Leigh Jones and directed by Michael Akers. Those taking part were singer-songwriter and piano player David Raleigh, Tony Award winning and Emmy-nominated Alan Cumming, Broadway actor, producer and singer Billy Porter and indie pop star Ari Gold. Revenues went to Ali Forney Center, a NYC shelter for homeless gay and lesbian youth
In 1987, at the Soul Train Music Awards, Dionne Warwick, Stevie Wonder, Luther Vandross and Whitney Houston performed live together
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "That's What Friends Are For". Washington Post. 1988. So working against AIDS, especially after years of raising money for work on many blood-related diseases such as sickle-cell anemia, seemed the right thing to do. 'You have to be granite not to want to help people with AIDS, because the devastation that it causes is so painful to see. I was so hurt to see my friend die with such agony,' Warwick remembers. 'I am tired of hurting and it does hurt.' Missing or empty |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (2004). Top R&B/Hip-Hop Singles: 1942-2004. Record Research. p. 610.
Jump up ^ Hot 100 1986[dead link] Billboard
Jump up ^ Billboard, December 27, 1986
Jump up ^ Greatest of All-Time - Hot 100 Songs Billboard.com
Jump up ^ Heyman, Marshall (February 11, 2011). "Superstar 'Friends' Reunite". The Wall Street Journal.
External links[edit]
Rod Stewart Lyrics Metro Lyrics
Dionne Warwick and Friends Lyrics Metro Lyrics
Preceded by
"Say You, Say Me" by Lionel Richie Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one single
January 11, 1986 (2 weeks) Succeeded by
"Go Home" by Stevie Wonder
Preceded by
"Say You, Say Me" by Lionel Richie Billboard Hot 100 number one single
January 18, 1986 – February 8, 1986 Succeeded by
"How Will I Know" by Whitney Houston
Preceded by
"Say You, Say Me" by Lionel Richie Billboard's Hot R&B/Hip-Hop Songs number one single
January 25 – February 8, 1986 Succeeded by
"Do Me, Baby" by Meli'sa Morgan
Preceded by
"A Good Heart" by Feargal Sharkey Australian ARIA Singles Chart number-one single
March 3, 1986 Succeeded by
"When the Going Gets Tough, the Tough Get Going" by Billy Ocean
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Rod Stewart singles
1970s
"It's All Over Now" (1970)
"Reason to Believe"/"Maggie May" (1971)
"Every Picture Tells a Story"/"Reason to Believe" (1971) Spain only
"(I Know) I'm Losing You"/"Mandolin Wind" (1971)
"Handbags and Gladrags" (1972)
"You Wear It Well" (1972)
"Angel" (1972)
"What's Made Milwaukee Famous (Has Made a Loser Out of Me)" (1972)
"Twistin' the Night Away" (1973, 1987)
"Oh! No Not My Baby" (1973)
"Farewell" / "You Send Me" (1973)
"Mine for Me" (1974)
"You Can Make Me Dance, Sing or Anything" (1974) Stewart/Faces
"Sailing" (1975)
"This Old Heart of Mine" (1975)
"Tonight's the Night" (1976)
"The Killing of Georgie" (1976)
"Get Back" (1976)
"The First Cut Is the Deepest" (1977)
"I Don't Want to Talk About It" (1977, 1990)
"You're in My Heart (The Final Acclaim)" (1978)
"Hot Legs" (1978)
"I Was Only Joking" (1978)
"Da Ya Think I'm Sexy?" (1978, 1997)
"Ain't Love a Bitch" (1979)
"Blondes (Have More Fun)" (1979)
1980s
"(If Loving You Is Wrong) I Don't Want to Be Right" (1980)
"Passion" (1980)
"Tonight, I'm Yours (Don't Hurt Me)" (1981)
"Young Turks" (1982)
"How Long?" (1982)
"Baby Jane" (1983)
"That's What Friends Are For" (1983)
"Infatuation" (1984)
"Some Guys Have All the Luck" (1984)
"All Right Now" (1984)
"People Get Ready" (1985, 1991, 1993) Stewart/Beck
"Love Touch" (1986)
"In My Life" (1987)
"Forever Young" (1988)
"My Heart Can't Tell You No" (1988)
"This Old Heart of Mine (Is Weak for You)" (1989)Stewart/Isley
"Downtown Train" (1989)
1990s
"It Takes Two" (1990)Stewart/Turner
"Rhythm of My Heart" (1991)
"The Motown Song" (1991)
"Your Song" (1992)
"Ruby Tuesday" (1993)
"Have I Told You Lately" (1993)
"Reason to Believe" (unplugged, 1993)
"All for Love" (1993) Stewart/Adams/Sting
"Leave Virginia Alone" (1995)
"Lady Luck" (1996)
"Ooh La La" (1998)
"Rocks" (1998)
"Cigarettes and Alcohol" (1998)
"Faith of the Heart" (1999)
2000s
"These Foolish Things" (2002)
"They Can't Take That Away from Me" (2003)
"Time After Time" (2003)
"What a Wonderful World" (2004)
"Blue Moon" (2004)
"Baby, It's Cold Outside" (2005)
"I've Got a Crush on You" (2005)
"I've Got My Love to Keep Me Warm" (2006)
"Have You Ever Seen the Rain?" (2006)
2010s
"Let It Snow! Let It Snow! Let It Snow!" (2012)
"Have Yourself a Merry Little Christmas" (2012)
"Everyday" (2015)
[show]
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Dionne Warwick
Discography
Studio albums
Presenting Dionne Warwick (1963)
Anyone Who Had a Heart (1964)
Make Way for Dionne Warwick (1964)
The Sensitive Sound of Dionne Warwick (1965)
Here I Am (1965)
Here Where There Is Love (1966)
On Stage and in the Movies (1967)
The Windows of the World (1967)
Dionne Warwick in Valley of the Dolls (1968)
Promises, Promises (1968)
Soulful (1969)
I'll Never Fall in Love Again (1970)
Very Dionne (1970)
Dionne (1979)
No Night So Long (1980)
Friends in Love (1982)
Heartbreaker (1982)
How Many Times Can We Say Goodbye (1983)
Finder of Lost Loves (1985)
Friends (1985)
Reservations for Two (1987)
Friends Can Be Lovers (1993)
My Friends & Me (2006)
Live albums
Dionne Warwick in Paris (1966)
Hot! Live and Otherwise (1981)
Christmas in Vienna II (1993)
Compilation albums
The Love Collection (2008)
Singles
"Don't Make Me Over"
"Wishin' and Hopin'"
"Anyone Who Had a Heart"
"Walk On By"
"You'll Never Get to Heaven (If You Break My Heart)"
"A House Is Not a Home"
"Reach Out for Me"
"Who Can I Turn To?"
"Are You There (With Another Girl)"
"Message to Michael"
"I Just Don't Know What to Do with Myself"
"Alfie"
"The Windows of the World"
"I Say a Little Prayer"
"(Theme from) Valley of the Dolls"
"Do You Know the Way to San Jose"
"(There's) Always Something There to Remind Me"
"This Girl's in Love with You"
"You've Lost That Lovin' Feeling"
"I'll Never Fall in Love Again"
"Make It Easy on Yourself"
"The Good Life"
"Then Came You"
"By the Time I Get to Phoenix
"Only Love Can Break a Heart"
"I'll Never Love This Way Again"
"Déjà Vu"
"After You"
"No Night So Long"
"Easy Love"
"Heartbreaker"
"All the Love in the World"
"Run to Me"
"That's What Friends Are For"
"Love Power"
"It's All Over"
"What the World Needs Now Is Love"
Book
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Stevie Wonder
Studio albums
The Jazz Soul of Little Stevie
Tribute to Uncle Ray
With a Song in My Heart
Stevie at the Beach
Up-Tight
Down to Earth
I Was Made to Love Her
Someday at Christmas
Eivets Rednow
For Once in My Life
My Cherie Amour
Signed, Sealed & Delivered
Where I'm Coming From
Music of My Mind
Talking Book
Innervisions
Fulfillingness' First Finale
Songs in the Key of Life
Hotter than July
In Square Circle
Characters
Conversation Peace
A Time to Love
Live albums
Recorded Live: The 12 Year Old Genius
Stevie Wonder Live
Live at the Talk of the Town
Natural Wonder
Soundtracks
Stevie Wonder's Journey Through "The Secret Life of Plants"
The Woman in Red
Jungle Fever
Compilations
Looking Back
Stevie Wonder's Original Musiquarium I
Song Review: A Greatest Hits Collection
At the Close of a Century
Ballad Collection
The Definitive Collection
20th Century Masters
The Complete Stevie Wonder
Top ten singles
"Fingertips - Part 2"
"Uptight (Everything's Alright)"
"Blowin' in the Wind"
"A Place in the Sun"
"I Was Made to Love Her"
"I'm Wondering"
"Shoo-Be-Doo-Be-Doo-Da-Day"
"For Once in My Life"
"My Cherie Amour"
"Yester-Me, Yester-You, Yesterday"
"Never Had a Dream Come True"
"Signed, Sealed, Delivered I'm Yours"
"Heaven Help Us All"
"If You Really Love Me"
"Superstition"
"You Are the Sunshine of My Life"
"Higher Ground"
"Living for the City"
"He's Misstra Know-It-All"
"You Haven't Done Nothin'"
"Boogie On Reggae Woman"
"I Wish"
"Sir Duke"
"Send One Your Love"
"Master Blaster (Jammin')"
"I Ain't Gonna Stand for It"
"Happy Birthday"
"That Girl"
"Do I Do"
"Ebony and Ivory"
"I Just Called to Say I Love You"
"Love Light in Flight"
"Part-Time Lover"
"That's What Friends Are For"
"Go Home"
Other singles
"Hey Harmonica Man"
"Hey Love"
"I Don't Know Why"
"Never Dreamed You'd Leave in Summer"
"Superwoman (Where Were You When I Needed You)"
"Don't You Worry 'bout a Thing"
"As"
"Another Star"
"Lately"
"Ribbon in the Sky"
"Overjoyed"
"Faith"
Other songs
"You and I (We Can Conquer the World)"
"Golden Lady
"All in Love Is Fair"
"They Won't Go When I Go"
"Knocks Me Off My Feet"
"Pastime Paradise"
"Isn't She Lovely"
"Black Man"
Collaborations
"Ebony and Ivory"
"We Are the World"
"Just Good Friends"
"California Roll"
Related articles
Discography
Lula Mae Hardaway
Syreeta Wright
KJLH
Wonderin'
"Wonder-ful"
Book
Category
[show]
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Elton John songs
1960s and 1970s
"Skyline Pigeon" (1968)
"I've Been Loving You" (1968)
"Lady Samantha" (1969)
"It's Me That You Need" (1969)
"Border Song" (1970)
"Rock and Roll Madonna" (1970)
"From Denver to L.A." (1970)
"Take Me to the Pilot" (1970)
"Your Song" (1970)
"Friends" (1971)
"Levon" (1971)
"Tiny Dancer" (1972)
"Rocket Man" (1972)
"Honky Cat" (1972)
"I Think I'm Going to Kill Myself" (1972)
"Mona Lisas and Mad Hatters" (1972)
"Crocodile Rock" (1972)
"Elderberry Wine" (1972)
"Daniel" (1972)
"Teacher I Need You" (1973)
"Funeral for a Friend/Love Lies Bleeding" (1973)
"Saturday Night's Alright for Fighting" (1973)
"Goodbye Yellow Brick Road" (1973)
"Step into Christmas" (1973)
"Candle in the Wind" (1974)
"Bennie and the Jets" (1974)
"Harmony" (1974)
"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" (1974)
"The Bitch Is Back" (1974)
"Lucy in the Sky with Diamonds" (1974)
"Philadelphia Freedom" (1975)
"I Saw Her Standing There" (1975)
"Someone Saved My Life Tonight" (1975)
"Island Girl" (1975)
"Grow Some Funk of Your Own" (1976)
"I Feel Like a Bullet (In the Gun of Robert Ford)" (1976)
"Pinball Wizard" (1976)
"Don't Go Breaking My Heart" (1976)
"Cage the Songbird" (1976)
"Sorry Seems to Be the Hardest Word" (1976)
"Bite Your Lip (Get Up and Dance!)" (1977)
"Crazy Water" (1977)
"The Goaldiggers Song" (1977)
"Ego" (1978)
"Part-Time Love" (1978)
"Song for Guy" (1978)
"Are You Ready for Love" (1979)
"Mama Can't Buy You Love" (1979)
"Johnny B. Goode" (1979)
1980s
"Little Jeannie" (1980)
"Sartorial Eloquence (Don't Ya Wanna Play This Game No More?)" (1980)
"Dear God" (1980)
"Whatever Gets You thru the Night" (1981)
"Nobody Wins" (1981)
"Loving You Is Sweeter Than Ever" (with Kiki Dee, 1981)
"Blue Eyes" (1982)
"Empty Garden (Hey Hey Johnny)" (1982)
"Ball and Chain" (1982)
"All Quiet on the Western Front" (1982)
"I Guess That's Why They Call It the Blues" (1983)
"I'm Still Standing" (1983)
"Sad Songs (Say So Much)" (1984)
"Passengers" (1984)
"Nikita" (1985)
"That's What Friends Are For" (1985)
"Wrap Her Up" (1985)
"Take Me to the Pilot" (1988)
"I Don't Wanna Go on with You Like That" (1988)
"Town of Plenty" (1988)
"Mona Lisas and Mad Hatters (Part Two)" (1988)
"Healing Hands" (1989)
"Sacrifice" (1989)
1990s
"Club at the End of the Street" (1990)
"You Gotta Love Someone" (1990)
"Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" (1991)
"The One" (1992)
"Runaway Train" (1992)
"The Last Song" (1992)
"Simple Life" (1993)
"True Love" (1993)
"Shakey Ground" (1994)
"Ain't Nothing Like the Real Thing" (1994)
"Can You Feel the Love Tonight" (1994)
"Circle of Life" (1994)
"Believe" (1995)
"Made in England" (1995)
"When the Money's Gone" (1995)
"You Can Make History (Young Again)" (1996)
"The Madness of King Scar" (1997)
"Something About the Way You Look Tonight" (1997)
"Candle in the Wind 1997" (1997)
"Written in the Stars" (1999)
2000s
"I Want Love" (2001)
"This Train Don't Stop There Anymore" (2002)
"Original Sin" (2002)
"Are You Ready for Love" (2003)
"Ghetto Gospel" (2005)
"Electricity" (2005)
"The Bridge" (2006)
"Joseph, Better You than Me" (2008)
"Tiny Dancer (Hold Me Closer)" (2009)
Related articles
Albums discography
Videography
Book:Elton John
Category:Elton John
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Grammy Award for Song of the Year
1959−1980
"Volare" – Domenico Modugno (songwriter) (1959)
"The Battle of New Orleans" – Jimmy Driftwood (songwriter) (1960)
"Theme from Exodus" – Ernest Gold (songwriter) (1961)
"Moon River" – Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini (songwriters) (1962)
"What Kind of Fool Am I?" – Leslie Bricusse & Anthony Newley (songwriters) (1963)
"Days of Wine and Roses" – Johnny Mercer & Henry Mancini (songwriters) (1964)
"Hello, Dolly!" – Jerry Herman (songwriter) (1965)
"The Shadow of Your Smile" – Paul Francis Webster & Johnny Mandel (songwriters) (1966)
"Michelle" – John Lennon & Paul McCartney (songwriters) (1967)
"Up, Up, and Away" – Jimmy Webb (songwriter) (1968)
"Little Green Apples" – Bobby Russell (songwriter) (1969)
"Games People Play" – Joe South (songwriter) (1970)
"Bridge over Troubled Water" – Paul Simon (songwriter) (1971)
"You've Got a Friend" – Carole King (songwriter) (1972)
"The First Time Ever I Saw Your Face" – Ewan MacColl (songwriter) (1973)
"Killing Me Softly with His Song" – Norman Gimbel & Charles Fox (songwriters) (1974)
"The Way We Were" – Alan and Marilyn Bergman & Marvin Hamlisch (songwriters) (1975)
"Send in the Clowns" – Stephen Sondheim (songwriter) (1976)
"I Write the Songs" – Bruce Johnston (songwriter) (1977)
"Evergreen (Love Theme from A Star Is Born)" – Barbra Streisand & Paul Williams (songwriters) / "You Light Up My Life" – Joe Brooks (songwriter) (1978)
"Just the Way You Are" – Billy Joel (songwriter) (1979)
"What a Fool Believes" – Kenny Loggins & Michael McDonald (songwriters) (1980)
1981−2000
"Sailing" – Christopher Cross (songwriter) (1981)
"Bette Davis Eyes" – Donna Weiss & Jackie DeShannon (songwriters) (1982)
"Always on My Mind" – Johnny Christopher, Mark James & Wayne Carson (songwriters) (1983)
"Every Breath You Take" – Sting (songwriter) (1984)
"What's Love Got to Do with It" – Graham Lyle & Terry Britten (songwriters) (1985)
"We Are the World" – Michael Jackson & Lionel Richie (songwriters) (1986)
"That's What Friends Are For" – Burt Bacharach & Carole Bayer Sager (songwriters) (1987)
"Somewhere Out There" – James Horner, Barry Mann & Cynthia Weil (songwriters) (1988)
"Don't Worry, Be Happy" – Bobby McFerrin (songwriter) (1989)
"Wind Beneath My Wings" – Larry Henley & Jeff Silbar (songwriters) (1990)
"From a Distance" – Julie Gold (songwriter) (1991)
"Unforgettable" – Irving Gordon (songwriter) (1992)
"Tears in Heaven" – Eric Clapton & Will Jennings (songwriters) (1993)
"A Whole New World" – Alan Menken & Tim Rice (songwriters) (1994)
"Streets of Philadelphia" – Bruce Springsteen (songwriter) (1995)
"Kiss from a Rose" – Seal (songwriter) (1996)
"Change the World" – Gordon Kennedy, Wayne Kirkpatrick & Tommy Sims (songwriters) (1997)
"Sunny Came Home" – Shawn Colvin & John Leventhal (songwriters) (1998)
"My Heart Will Go On" – James Horner & Will Jennings (songwriters) (1999)
"Smooth" – Itaal Shur & Rob Thomas (songwriters) (2000)
2001−present
"Beautiful Day" – Adam Clayton, David Evans, Laurence Mullen & Paul Hewson (songwriters) (2001)
"Fallin'" – Alicia Keys (songwriter) (2002)
"Don't Know Why" – Jesse Harris (songwriter) (2003)
"Dance with My Father" – Richard Marx & Luther Vandross (songwriters) (2004)
"Daughters" – John Mayer (songwriter) (2005)
"Sometimes You Can't Make It on Your Own" – Adam Clayton, David Evans, Laurence Mullen & Paul Hewson (songwriters) (2006)
"Not Ready to Make Nice" – Emily Burns Erwin, Martha Maguire, Natalie Maines Pasdar & Dan Wilson (songwriters) (2007)
"Rehab" – Amy Winehouse (songwriter) (2008)
"Viva la Vida" – Guy Berryman, Jonathan Buckland, William Champion & Christopher Martin (songwriters) (2009)
"Single Ladies (Put a Ring on It)" – Thaddis "Kuk" Harrell, Beyoncé Knowles, Terius Nash & Christopher Stewart (songwriters) (2010)
"Need You Now" – Dave Haywood, Josh Kear, Charles Kelley & Hillary Scott (songwriters) (2011)
"Rolling in the Deep" – Adele Adkins & Paul Epworth (songwriters) (2012)
"We Are Young" – Jack Antonoff, Jeff Bhasker, Andrew Dost & Nate Ruess (songwriters) (2013)
"Royals" – Joel Little & Ella Yelich O'Connor (songwriters) (2014)
"Stay with Me" (Darkchild version) – James Napier, William Phillips & Sam Smith (songwriters) (2015)
"Thinking Out Loud" – Ed Sheeran & Amy Wadge (songwriters) (2016)
"Hello" – Adele Adkins & Greg Kurstin (songwriters) (2017)
"That's What I Like" – Christopher Brody Brown, James Fauntleroy, Philip Lawrence, Bruno Mars, Ray Charles McCullough II, Jeremy Reeves, Ray Romulus & Jonathan Yip (songwriters) (2018)
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Billboard Year-End number one singles (1980–1999)
1980: "Call Me" – Blondie
1981: "Bette Davis Eyes" – Kim Carnes
1982: "Physical" – Olivia Newton-John
1983: "Every Breath You Take" – The Police
1984: "When Doves Cry" – Prince
1985: "Careless Whisper" – Wham! featuring George Michael
1986: "That's What Friends Are For" – Dionne & Friends
1987: "Walk Like an Egyptian" – The Bangles
1988: "Faith" – George Michael
1989: "Look Away" – Chicago
1990: "Hold On" – Wilson Phillips
1991: "(Everything I Do) I Do It for You" – Bryan Adams
1992: "End of the Road" – Boyz II Men
1993: "I Will Always Love You" – Whitney Houston
1994: "The Sign" – Ace of Base
1995: "Gangsta's Paradise" – Coolio featuring L.V.
1996: "Macarena (Bayside Boys Mix)" – Los del Río
1997: "Candle in the Wind 1997"/"Something About the Way You Look Tonight" – Elton John
1998: "Too Close" – Next
1999: "Believe" – Cher
Complete list
(1946–1959)
(1960–1979)
(1980–1999)
(2000–2019)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=That%27s_What_Friends_Are_For&oldid=835538025"
Categories:
1982 songs
1985 singles
1986 singles
1980s ballads
Billboard Hot 100 number-one singles
Billboard Adult Contemporary number-one singles
Charity singles
All-star recordings
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Elton John songs
Gladys Knight songs
Grammy Award for Song of the Year
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Opium of the people
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about Karl Marx's statement. For Slipknot's song, see Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses).
"Religion is the opium of the people" is one of the most frequently paraphrased statements of German philosopher and economist Karl Marx. It was translated from the German original, "Die Religion ... ist das Opium des Volkes" and is often rendered as "religion... is the opiate of the masses."
The quotation originates from the introduction of Marx's work A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right, which he started in 1843 but which was not published until after his death. The introduction to this work was published separately in 1844, in Marx's own journal Deutsch–Französische Jahrbücher, a collaboration with Arnold Ruge.
The full quote from Karl Marx translates as: "Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people". Often quoted only in part, the interpretation of the metaphor in its context has received much less attention.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Full quotation
2 Meaning
3 History
4 Modern comparisons
5 Similar statements
5.1 Novalis
5.2 Heinrich Heine
5.3 Charles Kingsley
5.4 Miguel de Unamuno
5.5 Lenin
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
Full quotation[edit]
Main article: Marxism and religion
The quotation, in context, reads as follows (emphasis added):
The foundation of irreligious criticism is: Man makes religion, religion does not make man. Religion is, indeed, the self-consciousness and self-esteem of man who has either not yet won through to himself, or has already lost himself again. But man is no abstract being squatting outside the world. Man is the world of man – state, society. This state and this society produce religion, which is an inverted consciousness of the world, because they are an inverted world. Religion is the general theory of this world, its encyclopaedic compendium, its logic in popular form, its spiritual point d’honneur, its enthusiasm, its moral sanction, its solemn complement, and its universal basis of consolation and justification. It is the fantastic realization of the human essence since the human essence has not acquired any true reality. The struggle against religion is, therefore, indirectly the struggle against that world whose spiritual aroma is religion.
Religious suffering is, at one and the same time, the expression of real suffering and a protest against real suffering. Religion is the sigh of the oppressed creature, the heart of a heartless world, and the soul of soulless conditions. It is the opium of the people.
The abolition of religion as the illusory happiness of the people is the demand for their real happiness. To call on them to give up their illusions about their condition is to call on them to give up a condition that requires illusions. The criticism of religion is, therefore, in embryo, the criticism of that vale of tears of which religion is the halo.[2]
Meaning[edit]
Marx was making a structural functionalism argument about religion, and particularly about organized religion.[3][4] Marx believed that religion had certain practical functions in society that were similar to the function of opium in a sick or injured person: it reduced people's immediate suffering and provided them with pleasant illusions which gave them the strength to carry on.
History[edit]
Marx wrote this passage in 1843 as part of the introduction to a book that criticized philosopher Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel's 1820 book, Elements of the Philosophy of Right. The introduction was published in 1844 in a small journal. The book itself was published posthumously.
As the Deutsch–Französische Jahrbücher journal had a print run of just 1,000, it had no popular effect during the 19th century. The phrase became better known during the 1930s, when Marxism was more popular.[4]
Modern comparisons[edit]
Religion has become, in many Western countries, less common and less accepted since Marx wrote this now-famous line. Some writers speculate on what the modern "opium of the people" would be, such as sports fandom, celebrities, the distractions of television, internet, and other entertainment, etc.[4]
Similar statements[edit]
The same metaphor was used by many authors during the 19th century.[5]
Novalis[edit]
In 1798, Novalis wrote in "Blüthenstaub" ("Pollen"):[6]
Ihre sogenannte Religion wirkt bloß wie ein Opiat reizend, betäubend, Schmerzen aus Schwäche stillend.
(Their so-called religion works simply as an opiate—stimulating; numbing; quelling pain by means of weakness.)
Heinrich Heine[edit]
In 1840, Heinrich Heine also used the same analogy, in his essay on Ludwig Börne:
Welcome be a religion that pours into the bitter chalice of the suffering human species some sweet, soporific drops of spiritual opium, some drops of love, hope and faith.[7]
Charles Kingsley[edit]
Charles Kingsley, a canon of the Church of England, wrote this four years after Marx:[8]
We have used the Bible as if it were a mere special constable's hand book, an opium dose for keeping beasts of burden patient while they were being overloaded, a mere book to keep the poor in order.[9]
Miguel de Unamuno[edit]
Miguel de Unamuno, the famed Spanish author of the Generation of '98, focused his Nivola San Manuel Bueno, mártir around the theme of religion's opiatic affect on the people of rural Spain. In the book, the protagonist Don Manuel, is a priest who does not believe in God, but continues preaching because he sees the positive impact he can make in the lives of his parishioners. Religion in this way also serves to cure his own deep depression, through the happiness he feels from helping the people of Valverde de Lucerna. Unamuno makes direct reference to Marx when Don Manuel explains:
Yes, I know that one of the leaders of what they call the social revolution has said that religion is the opium of the people. Opium… opium, yes! Let’s give them opium, and let them sleep and dream. And with this crazy activity of mine, I have also been using opium.[10]
Lenin[edit]
Vladimir Lenin, speaking of religion in Novaya Zhizn in 1905,[11] alluded to Marx's earlier comments[citation needed] (emphasis added):
Those who toil and live in want all their lives are taught by religion to be submissive and patient while here on earth, and to take comfort in the hope of a heavenly reward. But those who live by the labour of others are taught by religion to practise charity while on earth, thus offering them a very cheap way of justifying their entire existence as exploiters and selling them at a moderate price tickets to well-being in heaven. Religion is opium for the people. Religion is a sort of spiritual booze, in which the slaves of capital drown their human image, their demand for a life more or less worthy of man.
See also[edit]
Criticism of religion
Faith and rationality
God helps those who help themselves
Marxism and religion
Marxist–Leninist atheism
Noble lie
References[edit]
Jump up ^ McKinnon, AM. (2005). 'Reading ‘Opium of the People’: Expression, Protest and the Dialectics of Religion'. Critical Sociology, vol 31, no. 1-2, pp. 15-38. [1]
Jump up ^ Marx, K. 1976. Introduction to A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right. Collected Works, v. 3. New York.
Jump up ^ Ellwood, Robert S.; Alles, Gregory D. (2007-01-01). The Encyclopedia of World Religions. Infobase Publishing. pp. 160–161. ISBN 9781438110387.
^ Jump up to: a b c "What is the opium of the people?". 1843. 2015-01-05. Retrieved 2016-12-17.
Jump up ^ Welton, Michael (2015-09-11). "Opium of the People? The Religious Heritage of Karl Marx and the Frankfurt School". CounterPunch. Retrieved 2016-12-18.
Jump up ^ O'Brien, William Arctander (1995). Novalis, Signs of Revolution. Duke University Press. p. 154. ISBN 0-8223-1519-X.
Jump up ^ Heine, Heinrich Ludwig Börne - a Memorial
Jump up ^ Reader in Marxist Philosophy by Howard Selsam, Harry Martel(1987)
Jump up ^ F. D. Maurice (Leaders Of The Church 1800-1900)- C. F. G. Masterman (1907). pp. 65-6
Jump up ^ Miguel de Unamuno, San Manuel Bueno, Martír (1930). p.14
Jump up ^ Novaya Zhizn No. 28, December 3, 1905, as quoted in Marxists Internet Archive
Further reading[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Opium of the people
Abrams, M. H. 1971 [1934]. The Milk of Paradise: The Effect of Opium Visions on the Works of De Quincey, Crabbe, Francis, Thompson, and Coleridge. New York: Octagon
Berridge, Victoria and Edward Griffiths. 1980. Opium and the People. London: Allen Lane
Marx, Karl. 1844. A Contribution to the Critique of Hegel's Philosophy of Right, Deutsch-Französische Jahrbücher, February.
McKinnon, Andrew. M. "Reading ‘Opium of the People’: Expression, Protest and the Dialectics of Religion" in Critical Sociology, vol. 31 no. 1/2. [2]
O’Toole, Roger. 1984. Religion: Classic Sociological Approaches. Toronto: McGraw Hill
Rojo, Sergio Vuscovic. 1988. "La religion, opium du people et protestation contre la misère réele: Les positions de Marx et de Lénine" in Social Compass, vol. 35, no. 2/3, pp. 197–230.
Luchte, James. (2009) Marx and the Sacred, The Journal of Church and State, 51 (3): 413-437.
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