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Saffron Walden
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Saffron Walden

St Mary the Virgin, Saffron Walden
Saffron Walden
Saffron Walden shown within Essex
Population
15,504 (2011)[1]
OS grid reference
TL541387
District
Uttlesford
Shire county
Essex
Region
East
Country
England
Sovereign state
United Kingdom
Post town
SAFFRON WALDEN
Postcode district
CB10-11
Dialling code
01799
Police
Essex
Fire
Essex
Ambulance
East of England
EU Parliament
East of England
UK Parliament
Saffron Walden
List of places
UK
England
Essex
52°01′19″N 0°14′35″E / 52.022°N 0.243°E / 52.022; 0.243Coordinates: 52°01′19″N 0°14′35″E / 52.022°N 0.243°E / 52.022; 0.243
Saffron Walden is a market town in the Uttlesford district of Essex, England. It is 12 miles (19 km) north of Bishop's Stortford, 18 miles (29 km) south of Cambridge and 43 miles (69 km) north of London. The town retains a rural appearance and some buildings dating from the medieval period. The parish's 2001 population of 14,313 had increased to 15,504 by the 2011 census.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Puritans and Quakers
1.2 Coat of arms and maces
2 Sites and buildings of interest
3 Governance
3.1 Demography
3.2 Education
4 Transport
5 Culture
5.1 Sport and leisure
5.2 Saffron Walden in music
6 Notable residents
7 Twin towns
8 See also
9 References
10 Further reading
11 External links
History[edit]
Archaeological evidence suggests continuous settlement on or near the site of Saffron Walden from at least the Neolithic period.[2] It is believed that a small Romano-British settlement and fort – possibly in the area round Abbey Lane – existed as an outpost of the much larger settlement of Cestreforda to the north.[2]
The remains of 12th-century Walden Castle
After the Norman invasion of 1066, a stone church was built. Walden Castle, dating from about 1140, may have been built on pre-existing fortifications.[3] A priory, Walden Abbey, was founded under the patronage of Geoffrey de Mandeville, first Earl of Essex about 1136, on the site of what is now Audley End village.[2] The abbey was separated from Walden by Holywell Field. After the dissolution of the monasteries, Sir Thomas Audley converted its cloisters into a dwelling. Later this became the site of Audley End House.[2]
The market square in July 2012, with the half-timbered Guildhall
The market was moved from nearby Newport to Saffron Walden during de Mandeville's tenure, increasing the town's influence. This Tuesday market was held from 1295.[2] The town’s first charter was granted in about 1300, to what was known then as Chepyng (i. e. Market) Walden.[2] The town at that time was largely confined to the castle's outer bailey, but in the 13th century the Battle or Repel Ditches were built or extended to enclose a larger area to the south. The focus of the town moved southwards to Market Square.
The main trading item in medieval times was wool, and a guild hall was built by the wool-staplers in the market place. This was demolished in 1847 to make way for a corn exchange.[2] In the 16th–17th centuries the saffron crocus (Crocus sativus) was widely grown, thanks to the town's favourable soil and climate. The flower was valuable, as the extract from the stigmas was used in medicines, as a condiment, in perfume, as an aphrodisiac, and as an expensive yellow dye. The industry gave Walden its name.[2]
Castle Street contains many historic buildings
Puritans and Quakers[edit]
The town and surrounding area, like much of East Anglia, was strongly Puritan during the 17th century. The population was influenced by the missionary John Eliot. By 1640, Samuel Bass's family and a number of others had departed for the Massachusetts Bay Colony as part of the Great Migration.[4]
Saffron Walden was at the centre of the Eastern Association during the English Civil War. While the town was the headquarters of the New Model Army, Lieutenant-General of Horse, Oliver Cromwell paid a 19-day visit in May 1647, taking part in debates to seek a settlement between Parliament and the army.[5] He is thought to have stayed at the Sun Inn.[6]
By the end of the 18th century saffron was no longer in demand and the industry was replaced by malt and barley. More than 40 maltings stood in the town by the end of the century.[7] The trade was less lucrative than saffron, but the town continued to grow through the 19th century, and had a cattle market, corn exchange and other civic buildings. During this time Quakers became active. The influential Gibsons – one of the founding families of Barclays Bank – aided the construction of several public buildings that remain today, such as the museum and town hall.[8][9]
In the 1900s the Saffron Walden branch railway line from Audley End station, on the mainline from London to Cambridge, was extended to Bartlow. The branch succumbed to the Beeching cuts in the 1960s.[10]
Heavy industry arrived after the Second World War. Acrows Ltd, makers of falsework, built premises to the east of the town and became a significant employer and economic influence in the area.[11] For a short time there was a dedicated railway station for the works known as Acrow Halt.[12] Light industry was added to the south of the town at Shire Hill. As the agricultural economy continued to mechanise, the new employment opportunities were welcome and migration into the town from surrounding villages led to a major expansion of housing estates in the 1970s and 1980s.[citation needed]
Coat of arms and maces[edit]
Saffron Walden's unofficial coat of arms showed the saffron crocus within the walls of the castle in the form of an heraldic pun – as in, "Saffron walled-in". In 1961, a formal coat of arms was granted by the College of Arms and this was adapted in 1974 into its current form.[13]
The town has three ceremonial maces. The large mace was given to Saffron Walden by James II in 1685 and provides an early recording of the unofficial coat of arms. Made of silver gilt, it is approximately 4 feet (1.2 m) long. Two smaller silver maces were bought by the corporation in 1549 to commemorate the granting of a new town charter by Edward VI. This purchase is recorded in the town's Guild of Holy Trinity accounts and reads, "For 2 new maces, weying 18 ownces one quarter and half at 8s. the ownce 7l.7s".[13]
Sites and buildings of interest[edit]
Saffron Walden has the largest turf maze of its type in England
The 12th-century Walden Castle, built or expanded by Geoffrey de Mandeville, the first Earl of Essex is in ruins. After the medieval period, the castle fell into disuse and much of the flint was taken and used in the construction of local houses and the wall surrounding the Audley End estate. All that remains is the ruined basement.
Near to the castle is a turf maze, a series of circular excavations cut into the turf of the common. It is the largest example of this style of maze in England, the main part is about 100 feet (30 m) in diameter. The earliest record of it dates from 1699, although its origin may be earlier. It has been extensively restored several times, most recently in 1979.[14][15]
The oldest inhabited building in the town is believed to be the former maltings at 1 Myddleton Place. The 15th-century building with a courtyard garden was used by the Youth Hostel Association from 1947 to 2010.[16] It is now used for functions.[17] Pevsner described it as: "without doubt, the best medieval house of Saffron Walden".[18] Other notable early buildings are in Bridge Street, Castle Street and the side streets off the High Street. The High Street contains some late-Georgian and Victorian buildings.[18]
Bridge End Gardens, a group of seven interlinked 19th-century gardens
Bridge End Gardens, seven interlinked gardens – including a maze, rose garden and walled garden – was originally laid out by the Gibson family. They have been restored with help from the Heritage Lottery Fund and volunteers.[19][20]
St Mary the Virgin, Saffron Walden is the largest parish church in Essex.[21] The church dates mainly from the end of the 15th century, when an old smaller church was extensively rebuilt by the master mason John Wastell who was building King's College Chapel in the nearby city of Cambridge. In 1769 it was damaged by lightning and the repairs, carried out in the 1790s, removed many medieval features. The spire was added in 1832 to replace an older "lantern" tower. The church is 183 feet (56 m) long and the spire, 193 feet (59 m) high, is the tallest in Essex.
The town's Catholic church, Our Lady of Compassion, is on Castle Street. Created in 1906 from a 16th-century barn, it was restored in 2004-5.[22] With a long history of non-conformism, Saffron Walden has a Baptist church and a Quaker meeting house. There is a United Reformed Church on Abbey Lane, a Methodist church on Castle Street now occupied as the Community Church by the independent former Gold Street Chapel which was located in Gold Street.[23]
Governance[edit]
The town is administered by Saffron Walden Town Council which has 16 members. The majority party is Residents for Uttlesford (R4U), formed by local residents' groups. The main opposition is the Conservative Party.[24] The Liberal Democrats and Labour are also represented. As of 2015, the mayor is Heather Asker of Residents for Uttlesford and the Acting Town Clerk is Malcolm White.[25] The town is divided into three wards: Audley – named after Audley End House – represents the western area of Saffron Walden including Audley End; Castle takes its name from Saffron Walden Castle and includes Little Walden and the large rural area north of the town; Shire (formerly Plantation) represents the southern area of the town.
The town's MP, for its eponymous Westminster constituency, was Sir Alan Haselhurst from a by-election in 1977 until his retirement at the 2017 general election. Sir Alan was Chairman of Ways and Means and Deputy Speaker from 1997 to 2010. It has been considered a safe seat for the Conservative Party since 1922.
Demography[edit]
According to the Office for National Statistics, at the time of the United Kingdom Census 2001, Saffron Walden had a population of 14,313. The 2001 population density was 10,900 inhabitants per square mile (4,209/km2), with a 100 to 94.5 female-to-male ratio.[26] Of those over 16 years old, 45.0% were married, 27.4% were single (never married), and 8.2% divorced.[27] The parish's 6,013 households included 38.5 per cent married couples living together, 31.5 per cent one-person households, 8.4 per cent co-habiting couples, and 7.9 per cent single parents with children.[28] Of those aged 16–74, 22.3 per cent had no academic qualifications, close to the average for Uttlesford (22.0 per cent) and below that for the whole of England (28.9 per cent).[29][30]
In the 2001 UK census, 73.0 per cent of Saffron Walden residents declared themselves Christian, 0.6 per cent Muslim, 0.4 per cent Buddhist, 0.2 per cent Jewish, and 0.1 per cent Hindu. The census recorded 17.6 per cent as having no religion, 0.4 per cent with an alternative religion, and 7.8 per cent not stating their religion.[31]
Education[edit]
Saffron Walden County High School is a large co-educational academy with over 2000 pupils.[32] Located to the west of the town centre, it was rated outstanding in its most recent Ofsted report in 2012.[33] The school replaced Saffron Walden Grammar School, which was established in 1521 by the town's Holy Trinity Guild and Dame Joan Bradbury, a local benefactor.[2] Dame Bradbury also founded Dame Bradbury's School on Ashdon Road. There has been a school on this site since 1317 but it was in 1521 that Dame Bradbury made this school available for local people. For the first four years Dame Bradbury paid the salary of the schoolmaster herself until the school was endowed in 1535.
Friends' School, renamed Walden School, was a co-educational Quaker independent school with roots dating back to 1702. Its final building, in Mount Pleasant Road, opened in 1879.[34] On 11 May 2017 it was announced that Walden School would close at the end of the 2016–17 school year. Its final day was 7 July 2017.
Saffron Walden College, a teachers' training college for women, closed in 1977.[35]
Transport[edit]
Saffron Walden is served by Audley End railway station, which is located 2 miles (3 km) outside the town in the village of Wendens Ambo, with regular bus services to the town centre. The station is on the West Anglia mainline service between Cambridge and London Liverpool Street, with an off-peak service of two trains an hour, southbound and northbound, and more services during peak times. The journey time to London is about 55 minutes. All southbound trains also stop at Tottenham Hale station, where there is a London Underground Victoria line station and onward rail connections to Stratford station in east London. The journey to Cambridge station from Audley End takes under 20 minutes. An hourly CrossCountry service between Stansted Airport and Birmingham New Street via Peterborough and Leicester also stops at Audley End.
Saffron Walden is accessed from junction 8 of the M11 travelling from London (a distance of about 15 miles (24 km)) and from junction 10 travelling from the Cambridge direction (8 miles (13 km)). Stansted Airport is some 15 miles (24 km) from the town, while Luton Airport is 43 miles (69 km) away.
Regular bus services connect the town with Cambridge, Bishop's Stortford, Haverhill and Stansted Airport.
Saffron Walden museum, with a glacial erratic and stone coffins displayed in the grounds
Audley End Airfield, a private grass runway, is located about 1 mile (2 km) outside of the town.
Culture[edit]
Audley End House – once one of the largest mansions in England – is now in the care of English Heritage and open to the public.[36] During the summer months, picnic concerts and a last night in the style of the BBC Proms have been held in the grounds.[37][38] Audley End Miniature Railway – originally built by Lord Braybrooke – is a 10 1⁄4 in (260 mm) gauge railway ride through woodland adjoining Audley End House. The track is 1.5 miles (2.4 km) long and opened in 1964.[39]
Saffron Walden Museum, which was established in 1835 by Saffron Walden Natural History Society, is close to the town castle. The museum had many benefactors from local families, including the Gibsons, Frys and Tukes. The first professional curator Guy Nathan Mayard, was appointed in 1889 and his son, also Guy Maynard, succeeded him as curator before moving on to Ipswich Museum. It is still owned by the founding society – now Saffron Walden Museum Society – and is managed by Uttlesford District Council.[40] The museum contains the stuffed remains of a lion named Wallace(1812 – 1838), said to have inspired Marriott Edgar's comic poem "The Lion and Albert".[41]
The Fry Art Gallery exhibits the work of artists who had an association with Saffron Walden and north west Essex, focusing on Great Bardfield Artists. The collection includes extensive artworks and supporting material by Edward Bawden, who lived in the town during the 1970s and 1980s, and Eric Ravilious.[42]
Saffron Hall, which is attached to Saffron Walden County High School, opened in 2013. The 730-seater venue came about as a result of a £10 million donation by an anonymous music loving donor.[32] In 2014, former head of music at the Barbican Centre Angela Dixon became its director.[43]
Sport and leisure[edit]
The Anglo American playing fields, located close to Bridge End Gardens on Caton Lane, are home to the town's cricket club and were donated to Saffron Walden by the US Forces after the war. Prior to that, Saffron Walden Cricket Club played on the town's common – with a history of cricket matches recorded back to 1757.[44] A monument at the site commemorates the American airmen and people of Saffron Walden who died in the Second World War.[45][46]
Saffron Walden has a non-league football club Saffron Walden Town F.C., which also plays at Catons Lane. There is also a Rugby Club playing in the London Leagues Saffron Walden rfc and a long-distance running and triathlon team. Lord Butler Leisure Centre is located on Peaslands Road and includes a pool, gym and sports injury clinic.[47] The Tour de France passed through Saffron Walden in 2014.[48]
Saffron Walden has a well-established hockey club with its main pitch and clubhouse in Newport and a second pitch at Saffron Walden County High School. The club has eight men's teams, seven women's teams and a large junior section. The women play in Division 2, and the men play in Prem B.[citation needed] The town's skate park is an American-built facility.[49] It opened in 2007.[50]
Saffron Walden in music[edit]
Saffron Walden is the name of a tune often associated with the hymn Just as I am. It was written by Arthur Henry Brown (1830–1926) from Essex.[51] He wrote many hymn tunes, which he often named after his favourite places.[52]
Notable residents[edit]
Edward Bawden, artist, resident 1970–1989 at 2 Park Lane Studio[53]
Stig Blomqvist and Tom Blomqvist, racing drivers[54]
Elizabeth Butchill (c. 1758—1780), hanged for infanticide, a native of the town[55]
Jack Cardiff, Oscar-winning cinematographer, lived at 7a High Street.[9][53]
Charles Dunstone, co-founder and chair of Carphone Warehouse and chair of TalkTalk Group[56]
James Gapes (1822–1899), former mayor of Christchurch, New Zealand[57]
George Stacey Gibson (1813–1893), botanist, banker and philanthropist, lived at Hill House, High Street.[53]
Gabriel Harvey, scholar and writer, born 1552/3, lived at 13–17 Gold Street.[53]
Imogen Heap, musician, was a boarder at Friends' School.[58]
Gordon Jacob, composer, resident 1959–1984, lived at 1 Audley Road and was at one time president of Saffron Walden and District Music Club[53][59]
Hattie Jacques, actor, died in 1980.[citation needed]
Jeff Hordley, actor, Cain Dingle in Emmerdale[60]
Ian Lavender, actor, best known as Pike in Dad's Army, lived in the town until 2001.[61]
Stephen McGann, actor[62]
Jojo Moyes, romantic fiction author[63]
Clare Mulley, biographer[64]
Sarah Ockwell-Smith – childcare author.
Tom Robinson, singer-songwriter, attended Friends' School 1961–1967.[65]
Sir Thomas Smith, scholar and diplomat, born 1513[66]
Stan Stammers, songwriter and musician, formerly of UK Subs[67]
William Strachey, historian, born 1572[68]
Heidi Thomas, TV and film screenwriter[62]
Raymond Williams, cultural critic, divided his time between Saffron Walden and Wales in later life.[69]
Henry Winstanley (1644—1703), creator of the first Eddystone Lighthouse, born in nearby Littlebury and lived at 5 Museum Street.[53]
Diana Wynne Jones, author, attended Friends School, 1946–1952[70]
Twin towns[edit]
Saffron Walden is twinned with:
Bad Wildungen in Germany
See also[edit]
The Hundred Parishes
References[edit]
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Further reading[edit]
Greenway, Diana, and Leslie Watkiss, tr. and eds. 1999. The Book of the Foundation of Walden Monastery (Oxford)
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Saffron Walden.
Saffron Walden Town Council
Saffron Walden Arts Trust
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text:
List of U.S. state abbreviations
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Several sets of codes and abbreviations are used to represent the political divisions of the United States for postal addresses, data processing, general abbreviations, and other purposes.
Contents
[hide]
1 Table
2 History
2.1 Current use of traditional abbreviations
3 Codes for states and territories
3.1 ISO standard 3166
3.2 ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009
3.3 Postal codes
3.4 Coast Guard vessel prefixes
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Table[edit]
See also: List of states and territories of the United States
This table includes abbreviations for three independent nations related to the United States through Compacts of Free Association, and other comparable postal abbreviations, including those now obsolete.
Codes and abbreviations for U.S. states, territories and other regions
Codes:
ISO ISO 3166 codes (2-letter, 3-letter and 3-digit codes from ISO 3166-1; 2+2-letter codes from ISO 3166-2)
ANSI 2-letter and 2-digit codes from the ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009
USPS 2-letter codes used by the United States Postal Service
USCG 2-letter codes used by the United States Coast Guard (red text shows differences between ANSI and USCG)
Abbreviations:
GPO Older variable-length official US Government Printing Office abbreviations
AP Abbreviations from the AP Stylebook (red text shows differences between GPO and AP)
Name and status of region
ISO
ANSI
USPS
USCG
GPO
AP
Other
abbreviations
United States of America Federal state US
USA
840 US 00 U.S. U.S. U.S.A.
Alabama State US-AL AL 01 AL AL Ala. Ala.
Alaska State US-AK AK 02 AK AK Alaska Alaska Alas.
Arizona State US-AZ AZ 04 AZ AZ Ariz. Ariz. Az.
Arkansas State US-AR AR 05 AR AR Ark. Ark.
California State US-CA CA 06 CA CF Calif. Calif. Ca., Cal.
Colorado State US-CO CO 08 CO CL Colo. Colo. Col.
Connecticut State US-CT CT 09 CT CT Conn. Conn. Ct.
Delaware State US-DE DE 10 DE DL Del. Del. De.
District of Columbia Federal district US-DC DC 11 DC DC D.C. D.C. Wash. D.C.
Florida State US-FL FL 12 FL FL Fla. Fla. Fl., Flor.
Georgia State US-GA GA 13 GA GA Ga. Ga.
Hawaii State US-HI HI 15 HI HA Hawaii Hawaii H.I.
Idaho State US-ID ID 16 ID ID Idaho Idaho Id., Ida.
Illinois State US-IL IL 17 IL IL Ill. Ill. Il., Ills., Ill's
Indiana State US-IN IN 18 IN IN Ind. Ind. In.
Iowa State US-IA IA 19 IA IA Iowa Iowa Ia., Ioa.[1]
Kansas State US-KS KS 20 KS KA Kans. Kan. Ks., Ka.
Kentucky State (Commonwealth) US-KY KY 21 KY KY Ky. Ky. Ken., Kent.
Louisiana State US-LA LA 22 LA LA La. La.
Maine State US-ME ME 23 ME ME Maine Maine Me.
Maryland State US-MD MD 24 MD MD Md. Md.
Massachusetts State (Commonwealth) US-MA MA 25 MA MS Mass. Mass.
Michigan State US-MI MI 26 MI MC Mich. Mich.
Minnesota State US-MN MN 27 MN MN Minn. Minn. Mn.
Mississippi State US-MS MS 28 MS MI Miss. Miss.
Missouri State US-MO MO 29 MO MO Mo. Mo.
Montana State US-MT MT 30 MT MT Mont. Mont.
Nebraska State US-NE NE 31 NE NB Nebr. Neb.
Nevada State US-NV NV 32 NV NV Nev. Nev. Nv.
New Hampshire State US-NH NH 33 NH NH N.H. N.H.
New Jersey State US-NJ NJ 34 NJ NJ N.J. N.J. N.Jersey
New Mexico State US-NM NM 35 NM NM N. Mex. N.M. New M.
New York State US-NY NY 36 NY NY N.Y. N.Y. N. York
North Carolina State US-NC NC 37 NC NC N.C. N.C. N. Car.
North Dakota State US-ND ND 38 ND ND N. Dak. N.D. NoDak
Ohio State US-OH OH 39 OH OH Ohio Ohio O., Oh.
Oklahoma State US-OK OK 40 OK OK Okla. Okla. Ok.
Oregon State US-OR OR 41 OR OR Oreg. Ore. Or.
Pennsylvania State (Commonwealth) US-PA PA 42 PA PA Pa. Pa. Penn., Penna.
Rhode Island State US-RI RI 44 RI RI R.I. R.I. R.I. & P.P., R. Isl.
South Carolina State US-SC SC 45 SC SC S.C. S.C. S. Car.
South Dakota State US-SD SD 46 SD SD S. Dak. S.D. SoDak
Tennessee State US-TN TN 47 TN TN Tenn. Tenn.
Texas State US-TX TX 48 TX TX Tex. Texas Tx.
Utah State US-UT UT 49 UT UT Utah Utah Ut.
Vermont State US-VT VT 50 VT VT Vt. Vt.
Virginia State (Commonwealth) US-VA VA 51 VA VA Va. Va. Virg.
Washington State US-WA WA 53 WA WN Wash. Wash. Wa., Wn.[2]
West Virginia State US-WV WV 54 WV WV W. Va. W.Va. W.V., W. Virg.
Wisconsin State US-WI WI 55 WI WS Wis. Wis. Wi., Wisc.
Wyoming State US-WY WY 56 WY WY Wyo. Wyo. Wy.
American Samoa Insular area (Territory) AS
ASM
016
US-AS AS 60 AS AS A.S.
Guam Insular area (Territory) GU
GUM
316
US-GU GU 66 GU GU Guam
Northern Mariana Islands Insular area (Commonwealth) MP
MNP
580
US-MP MP 69 MP CM M.P.
Puerto Rico Insular area (Territory) PR
PRI
630
US-PR PR 72 PR PR P.R.
U.S. Virgin Islands Insular area (Territory) VI
VIR
850
US-VI VI 78 VI VI V.I. U.S.V.I.
U.S. Minor Outlying Islands Insular areas UM
UMI
581
US-UM UM 74
Baker Island island UM-81 81 XB[3]
Howland Island island UM-84 84 XH[3]
Jarvis Island island UM-86 86 XQ[3]
Johnston Atoll atoll UM-67 67 XU[3]
Kingman Reef atoll UM-89 89 XM[3]
Midway Islands atoll UM-71 71 QM[3]
Navassa Island island UM-76 76 XV[3]
Palmyra Atoll[4] atoll[4] UM-95 95 XL[3]
Wake Island atoll UM-79 79 QW[3]
Micronesia Freely associated state FM
FSM
583 FM 64 FM
Marshall Islands Freely associated state MH
MHL
584 MH 68 MH
Palau Freely associated state PW
PLW
585 PW 70 PW
U.S. Armed Forces – Americas[5] US military mail code AA
U.S. Armed Forces – Europe[6] US military mail code AE
U.S. Armed Forces – Pacific[7] US military mail code AP
Northern Mariana Islands Obsolete postal code[8] CM
Panama Canal Zone Obsolete postal code PZ
PCZ
594 CZ
Nebraska Obsolete postal code[9] NB
Philippine Islands Obsolete postal code PH
PHL
608[10] PI
Trust Territory of the Pacific Islands Obsolete postal code PC
PCI
582 TT
History[edit]
As early as October 1831, the United States Post Office recognized common abbreviations for states and territories. However, they only accepted these abbreviations because of their popularity, preferring that patrons spell names out in full to avoid confusion.[11]
The traditional abbreviations for U.S. states and territories, widely used in mailing addresses prior to the introduction of two-letter U.S. postal abbreviations, are still commonly used for other purposes (such as legal citation), and are still recognized (though discouraged) by the Postal Service.[12]
Modern two-letter abbreviated codes for the states and territories originated in October 1963, with the issuance of Publication 59: Abbreviations for Use with ZIP Code, three months after the Post Office introduced ZIP codes in July 1963. The purpose, rather than to standardize state abbreviations per se, was to make room in a line of no more than 23 characters for the city, the state, and the ZIP code.[11]
Since 1963, only one state abbreviation has changed. Originally Nebraska was "NB"; but, in November 1969, the Post Office changed it to "NE" to avoid confusion with New Brunswick in Canada.[11]
The two-letter postal abbreviation system is complicated by the fact that several state names begin with the same letter (e.g., eight state names begin with M and eight begin with N, four "New" and two "North"). To avoid duplications, some abbreviations are not intuitive.
Prior to 1987, when the U.S. Secretary of Commerce approved the two-letter codes for use in government documents,[13] the United States Government Printing Office (GPO) suggested its own set of abbreviations, with some states left unabbreviated. Today, the GPO supports United States Postal Service standard.[14]
Current use of traditional abbreviations[edit]
The Associated Press Stylebook, the usage guide for most United States newspapers, counsels the use of abbreviations for most state names, when appended to a city name (for example, "Santa Ana, Calif."). AP suggests spelling out the names of Alaska, Hawaii, and all states with five or fewer letters; and, unlike the old GPO recommendations, AP suggests spelling out the names of all non-state territories, with the exception of the District of Columbia (D.C.). Legal citation manuals, such as The Bluebook and The ALWD Citation Manual, typically use these "traditional abbreviations" as well.
Codes for states and territories[edit]
ISO standard 3166[edit]
Main article: ISO 3166-2:US
ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009[edit]
The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) established alphabetic and numeric codes for each state and outlying areas in ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009. ANSI standard INCITS 38:2009 replaced the Federal Information Processing Standard (FIPS) standards FIPS 5-2, FIPS 6-4, and FIPS 10-4. The ANSI alphabetic state code is the same as the USPS state code except for U.S. Minor Outlying Islands, which have an ANSI code "UM" but no USPS code—and U.S. Military Mail locations, which have USPS codes ("AA", "AE", "AP") but no ANSI code.
Postal codes[edit]
The United States Postal Service has established a set of uppercase abbreviations to help process mail with optical character recognition and other automated equipment.[15] There are also official USPS abbreviations for other parts of the address, such as street designators (street, avenue, road, etc.).
These postal abbreviations are distinguished from traditional abbreviations such as Calif., Fla., or Tex. The Associated Press Stylebook states that in contexts other than mailing addresses, the traditional state abbreviations should be used.[16] However, the Chicago Manual of Style now recommends use of the uppercase two-letter abbreviations, with the traditional forms as an option.[17]
The postal abbreviation is the same as the ISO 3166-2 subdivision code for each of the fifty states.
These codes do not overlap with the 13 Canadian subnational postal abbreviations. The code for Nebraska changed from NB to NE in November 1969 to avoid a conflict with New Brunswick.[11] Canada likewise chose MB for Manitoba to prevent conflict with various U.S. states.
Coast Guard vessel prefixes[edit]
The U.S. Coast Guard (USCG) uses a set of two-letter prefixes for vessel numbers;[18] 39 states and the District of Columbia have the same USPS and USCG abbreviations. USCG prefixes have also been established for five outlying territories; all are the same as the USPS abbreviations except the Mariana Islands. The twelve cases where USPS and USCG abbreviations differ are listed below and marked in red in the table above.
Mis-matches between USPS and USCG codes
California
Colorado
Delaware
Hawaii
Kansas
Michigan
Mississippi
Massachusetts
Nebraska
Washington
Wisconsin
Mariana Islands
USPS
CA CO DE HI KS MI MS MA NE WA WI MP
USCG
CF CL DL HA KA MC MI MS NB WN WS CM
See also[edit]
Australian abbreviation system
Canadian abbreviation system
ISO 3166-2:US
United State Postal Service address formatting information
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Ioa." or (more typically) "IOA" found in Iowa post office cancellations from the 1870s.
Jump up ^ search on WN
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "Geopolitical Entities, Names, and Codes Standard". NSG Standards Registry. Retrieved 2017-02-06.
^ Jump up to: a b The Palmyra Atoll is an unorganized incorporated territory of the United States that was previously a part of the Territory of Hawaii.
Jump up ^ The U.S. Armed Forces – Americas include the Caribbean Sea and exclude the United States, Canada, and Greenland.
Jump up ^ The U.S. Armed Forces – Europe include the Atlantic Ocean, the Mediterranean Sea, Canada, Greenland, Africa, and Southwest Asia.
Jump up ^ The U.S. Armed Forces – Pacific include the Indian Ocean, Oceania, and Asia except Southwest Asia.
Jump up ^ Former USPS code "CM" for the Commonwealth of the Northern Mariana Islands is now obsolete; it was changed to MP in 1988 to match ISO 3166-1.
Jump up ^ Former USPS code "NB" for Nebraska is now obsolete; it was changed to NE in November 1969 to avoid confusion with New Brunswick, Canada.
Jump up ^ "Philippine diplomats will now use PH or PHL instead of RP". GMA News. 28 October 2010. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d USPS Postal History: State Abbreviations Accessed November 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ USPS Postal News, "It's Okay to Say 'I Don't Know,' So Long As You Find Out!" January 9, 2009
Jump up ^ Federal Information Processing Standards Publication 5-2, May 28, 1987 [1] Accessed April 21, 2009.
Jump up ^ U.S. Government Printing Office Style Manual, 30th Edition [2] Accessed April 21, 2009.
Jump up ^ United States Postal Service Publication 28 - Postal Addressing Standards. Accessed February 4, 2007.
Jump up ^ State Abbreviations
Jump up ^ Major Rule Changes in The Chicago Manual of Style, Fifteenth Edition Accessed May 23, 2009
Jump up ^ 33 C.F.R. 173, App. A
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The Quiet Man
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The Quiet Man
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
John Ford
Produced by
John Ford
Merian C. Cooper
Screenplay by
Frank S. Nugent
Based on
The Quiet Man
1933 story in The Saturday Evening Post
by Maurice Walsh
Starring
John Wayne
Maureen O'Hara
Barry Fitzgerald
Ward Bond
Victor McLaglen
Narrated by
Ward Bond
Music by
Victor Young
Cinematography
Winton C. Hoch
Edited by
Jack Murray
Production
company
Argosy Pictures
Distributed by
Republic Pictures
Release date
June 6, 1952 (London and Dublin)[1]
August 21, 1952 (New York)
Running time
129 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English, Irish
Budget
$1.75 million
Box office
$3.2 million (rentals)[2]
The Quiet Man is a 1952 Technicolor American romantic comedy-drama film directed by John Ford. It stars John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara, Barry Fitzgerald, Ward Bond and Victor McLaglen. The screenplay by Frank S. Nugent was based on a 1933 Saturday Evening Post short story of the same name by Maurice Walsh, later published as part of a collection The Green Rushes. The film is notable for Winton Hoch's lush photography of the Irish countryside and a long, climactic, semi-comic fist fight. It was an official selection of the 1952 Venice Film Festival.
The Quiet Man won the Academy Award for Best Director for John Ford, his fourth, and for Best Cinematography. In 2013, the film was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Music
4 Reception
4.1 Academy Awards
5 Home video
6 See also
7 Gallery
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Sean and Mary Kate
In the 1920s, Sean Thornton (John Wayne), an Irish-born American from Pittsburgh, travels to Ireland to reclaim his family's farm and his birthplace in Inisfree. He meets and falls in love with the fiery Mary Kate Danaher (Maureen O'Hara), the sister of the bullying, loud-mouthed landowner Squire "Red" Will Danaher (Victor McLaglen). Danaher, who had wanted the farm himself, is angry that the Widow Tillane (angered by Danaher's admission that he had discussed her in the local pub) accepts Sean's bid, and retaliates by refusing consent for his sister to marry. Several town locals, including the Catholic priest, Father Lonergan (Ward Bond) and the village matchmaker (and bookmaker) Michaleen Oge Flynn (Barry Fitzgerald), conspire to trick him into believing that the wealthy Widow Tillane (Mildred Natwick) wants to marry him, but only if Mary Kate is no longer living in his house. After learning the truth on Sean and Mary Kate's wedding day, an enraged Will refuses to give his sister her dowry which is made up of a large sum of money and her family possessions passed down from her mother.
Sean, unschooled in Irish customs, cares nothing about the dowry, but to Mary Kate the dowry represents her independence, identity, and pride. She feels passionately and intensely that the dowry is hers and is needed to validate her marriage to Sean. Angered and shamed by Sean's refusal to confront her brother and demand what is legally hers, she brands him a coward, and, despite living together, they are estranged as husband and wife. In the morning they find that others in the village had visited Will and pressured him to return Mary Kate's furniture, but could not make him pay the 350 pounds of dowry money.
Sean had been a boxer in the United States, a heavyweight challenger known as "Trooper Thorn." After accidentally killing an opponent in the ring, Sean hung up his gloves, vowing never to fight again. This is known to only one person in the village, the Church of Ireland minister, the Rev. Playfair (Arthur Shields), who once upon a time had been the lightweight champion and so understands Thornton's internal conflict over the fight.
Scene from the film
In an attempt to force Sean to confront Will, Mary Kate leaves him and boards a train departing Castletown and headed to Dublin. Sean hears from Michaleen that she left for the station and drags her off the train. Followed by a crowd of townspeople, he forces her to walk with him the five miles back to Inisfree and directly to the Danaher farm. Sean demands that Will hand over her dowry. When Will refuses, he throws Mary Kate back at Will, saying that "no dowry, no marriage" is their custom, not his; shocking the two and shaming Will into finally paying the monetary portion of his sister's dowry. Sean promptly throws the money into a nearby furnace which Mary Kate holds open, showing that Mary Kate never cared about the money but only what it represented.
After a proud Mary Kate announces so all can hear that she will now return home to prepare his supper and departs, Will throws a punch at Sean, and is dropped by Sean's vicious right hook to the gut. A long, memorable fistfight ensues between the two, drawing crowds from miles around. They slug it out through the village, stop for a drink, admit grudging mutual respect for each other, and disagree over who is to pay for the porter they are drinking. Sean ends the fight by clocking Danneher on the jaw hard enough to smash him through the pub's door, knocking him out. Then, somewhat drunk, the two return to Sean and Mary Kate's home for supper, where it is implied the rift is healed. Sean regains Mary Kate's love and respect.
In the aftermath it is shown that Will and the Widow Tillane begin courting, and "peace is returned to Inisfree". When last seen, Mary Kate has whispered something in Sean's ear and the couple is shown trotting back to their house ... in the middle of the day, no less.
Cast[edit]
John Wayne as Sean Thornton
Maureen O'Hara as Mary Kate Danaher
Barry Fitzgerald as Michaeleen "Óge" Flynn (Óge means "young" in Irish, which was used to denote between a father and son named the same, such as "Sr." and "Jr." are used in English)
Victor McLaglen as Squire "Red" Will Danaher
Ward Bond as Father Peter Lonergan
Mildred Natwick as the Widow Sarah Tillane
Francis Ford as Dan Tobin
Arthur Shields as Rev. Cyril Playfair
Eileen Crowe as Elizabeth Playfair
Charles FitzSimons as Hugh Forbes
James Fitzsimons (as James Lilburn) as Father Paul
Sean McClory as Owen Glynn
Emily Eby as Mave Campbell
Jack MacGowran as Ignatius Feeney
Philip Stainton as Anglican Bishop
May Craig as Fishwoman with Basket at Station
Paddy O'Donnell as Railway porter
Eric Gorman as Costello – Engine driver
Kevin Lawless as Engine fireman
Joseph O'Dea as Molouney – Train guard
Tony Canzoneri as Boxing Second (uncredited)
Frank Baker as Man in Bar (uncredited)
Ruth Clifford as Mother (uncredited)
Maureen Coyne as Dan Tobin's Daughter Ireland (uncredited)
Mimi Doyle as Dan Tobin's Daughter USA (uncredited)
Ken Curtis as Dermot Fahy (uncredited)
Douglas Evans as Ring Physician (uncredited)
Charles Ferguson as Danaher Brother (uncredited)
Robert Foy as Driver of Cart Across River (uncredited)
Sam Harris as the deaf General (uncredited)
D.R.O. Hatswell as Guppy (uncredited)
John Horan as Man at Railway Station (uncredited)
David Hughes as Police Constable (uncredited)
Billy Jones as Bugler (uncredited)
Tiny Jones as Nell (Maid) (uncredited)
Colin Kenny as Pub Extra (uncredited)
Patrick Wayne as Boy on Wagon at Horse Race (uncredited)
Michael Wayne as Teenage Boy at Races (uncredited)
Toni Wayne as Teenage Girl at Races (uncredited)
Melinda Wayne as Girl on Wagon at Horse Race (uncredited)
Mae Marsh as Father Paul's Mother (uncredited)
Jim Morrin as Roof Thatcher (uncredited)
Jim McVeigh as Man Following Cart Across River (uncredited)
Harry Tenbrook as Police Sergeant Hanan (uncredited)
Harry Tyler as Pat Cohan (Publican) (uncredited)
Al Murphy as Boxing Referee (uncredited)
Hank Worden as Boxing Trainer (uncredited)
Michael O'Brian as Musha Musha Man (uncredited)
Pat O'Malley as Man in Bar (uncredited)
Frank O'Connor as Ringside Photographer (uncredited)
Web Overlander as Hugh Bailey (Stationmaster) (uncredited)
Bob Perry as Trooper Thorn's Ringside Trainer (uncredited)
Darla Ridgeway as Girl (uncredited)
Freddy Ridgeway as Boy (uncredited)
Philip Stainton as Anglican Bishop (uncredited)
Jack Roper as Tony Gardello (Boxer) (uncredited)
Brick Sullivan as Townsman (uncredited)
Production[edit]
The film was something of a departure for Wayne and Ford, who were both known mostly for Westerns and other action-oriented films. It was also a departure for Republic Pictures, which backed Ford in what was considered a risky venture at the time. It was the only time the studio, known for low budget B-movies, released a film that would receive an Oscar nomination for Best Picture.
Ford read the story in 1933 and soon purchased the rights to it for $10. The story's author was paid another $2,500 when Republic bought the idea, and he received a final payment of $3,750 when the film was actually made.[4] Republic Pictures agreed to finance the film with O'Hara and Wayne starring and Ford directing, but only if all three agreed to first film a Western with Republic. They did, and after completing Rio Grande, they headed for Ireland to start shooting.
One of the conditions that Republic placed on Ford was that the film run under two hours. However, the finished picture was two hours and nine minutes. When screening the film for Republic executives, Ford stopped the film at approximately two hours in, on the verge of the climactic fistfight. Republic executives relented and allowed the film to run its full length.[5] It was one of the few films that Republic filmed in Technicolor; most of the studio's other color films were made in a more economical process known as Trucolor.
The film employed many actors from the Irish theatre, including Barry Fitzgerald's brother, Arthur Shields, as well as extras from the Irish countryside, and it is one of the few Hollywood movies in which the Irish language can be heard. Filming commenced on June 7, 1951.[citation needed] All of the outdoor scenes were shot on location in Ireland in County Mayo and County Galway. The inside scenes were filmed toward the end of July at the Republic Studios in Hollywood.
The "Quiet Man Bridge"
The story is set in the fictitious community of Inisfree. This is not the same as the Lake Isle of Innisfree, a place in Lough Gill on the Sligo–Leitrim border made famous by poet William Butler Yeats, which is a tiny island. Many scenes for the film were actually shot in and around the village of Cong, County Mayo, on the grounds of Cong's Ashford Castle. Cong is now a wealthy small town and the castle a 5-star luxury hotel. The connections with the film have led to the area becoming a tourist attraction. In 2008, a pub opened in the building used as the pub in the film (it had actually been a shop at the time when the movie was shot); the pub hosts daily re-runs of the film on DVD.[6] The Quiet Man Fan Club holds its annual general meeting in Ashford Castle. Other locations in the film include Thoor Ballylee, Co. Galway, home of poet W.B. Yeats for a period, Ballyglunin railway station near Tuam Co. Galway, which was filmed as Castletown station, and various places in Connemara Co. Galway and Co. Mayo. Among those are Lettergesh beach, where the horse race scene was filmed,[7] the Quiet Man Bridge, signposted off the N59 road between Maam Cross and Oughterard[8] and the "White O'Morn" cottage. The latter is located on R336 south of Maam, but has long ago fallen into ruin.[9]
The film also presents Ford's depiction of an idealized Irish society, with no social divisions based on class or religion. The Catholic priest, Father Lonergan, and the Protestant Rev. Playfair maintain a strong friendly relationship throughout the film – which represented the norm in what was then the Irish Free State. (Religious tensions occurred in the 1930s, but were the norm only in Northern Ireland.) The only allusions to Anglo-Irish animosity occur after the happy couple is married and a congratulatory toast expresses the wish that they live in "national freedom" (the term national has been censored from most editions)[7] and before the final donnybrook when Thornton demands his wife's dowry from Danaher. Danaher asks Hugh Forbes, who had been commander of the local Irish Republican Army unit during the fight to expel the British, "So the IRA is in this too, ah", to which Forbes replies, "If it were, not a scorched stone of your fine house would be standing."
Music[edit]
Ford chose his friend, Hollywood composer Victor Young, to compose the score for the film. Young sprinkled the soundtrack with many Irish airs such as the "Rakes of Mallow" and "The Wild Colonial Boy". One piece of music, chosen by Ford himself, is most prominent: the melody the "Isle of Innisfree", written not by Young, but by the Irish policeman/songwriter Richard Farrelly. The melody of the "Isle of Innisfree", which is first heard over the opening credit sequence with Ashford Castle in the background, becomes the principal musical theme of The Quiet Man. The melody is reprised at least eleven times throughout the film.
The upbeat melody comically hummed by Michaeleen Oge Flynn and later played on the accordion is the "Rakes of Mallow".
A portion of the Irish version of "The Wild Colonial Boy" is played throughout the film.
When Maureen O'Hara died in October 2015, her family stated she listened to music from The Quiet Man during her final hours.[10] Filmmaker George A. Romero was also said to have died listening to the score.[11]
Reception[edit]
A. H. Weiler of The New York Times called the film "as darlin' a picture as we've seen this year," with "dialogue that is as tuneful as a lark's song."[12] Variety called the picture "beautifully filmed" and wrote that "Wayne works well under Ford's direction," but found the 129-minute running time "unnecessary."[13] Harrison's Reports called the film "a delightful and rollicking comedy melodrama of Irish life, directed with skill and acted with gusto by a fine cast."[14] Richard L. Coe of The Washington Post called it "a complete jim-dandy ... The photography is glorious and Victor Young's score, inspired by folk airs, is a complete joy for an exuberant, vigorous picture."[15] Philip Hamburger of The New Yorker was not so taken with the film, writing, "If am to believe what I saw in John Ford's sentimental new film, 'The Quiet Man,' practically everybody in Ireland is just as cute as a button," adding, "Mr. Ford's scenes of the Irish countryside are often breathtaking ... but the master who made 'The Informer' appears to have fallen into a vat of treacle."[16]
The Quiet Man has a 90% approval rating on Rotten Tomatoes, with the critical consensus stated as, "Director John Ford and star John Wayne depart the Western for the Irish countryside, and the result is a beautifully photographed, often comedic romance."[17]
The film was also a financial success, grossing $3.8 million in its first year of release. This was among the top ten grosses of the year.[18] It was the seventh most popular film for British audiences in 1952.[19]
Academy Awards[edit]
Award[20][21] Person
Best Director John Ford
Best Cinematography Winton C. Hoch
Archie Stout
Nominations
Best Picture John Ford
Merian C. Cooper
Best Supporting Actor Victor McLaglen
Best Art Direction Frank Hotaling
John McCarthy Jr.
Charles S. Thompson
Best Sound Daniel J. Bloomberg
(Republic Sound Department)
Best Adapted Screenplay Frank S. Nugent
Home video[edit]
It was first released on DVD December 14, 1998 by Artisan Home Entertainment. It was also released 4 years later on a Collector's edition DVD on October 22, 2002 by Artisan. The Special features on this edition include "The Making of the Quiet Man" Documentary with Leonard Maltin, and "The Joy of Ireland" Documentary with Maureen O'Hara and Andrew V. McLaglen, and "Remembering The Quiet Man Montage".
On January 22, 2013 Olive Films released The Quiet Man on DVD and for the first time on Blu-ray, as a 60th Anniversary Special edition. It included the documentary "The Making of the Quiet Man" with Leonard Maltin.
In 2010 there was a documentary called Dreaming The Quiet Man made about the journey and making of The Quiet Man. It was narrated by Gabriel Byrne, and had interviews with Peter Bogdanovich, Martin Scorsese, Charles F. Fitzsimons, and Maureen O'Hara. It was released on DVD and Blu-ray for the first time on March 24, 2015.
See also[edit]
John Wayne filmography
Marquess of Queensberry rules of boxing
Innisfree, a 1990 Spanish documentary film about the making of The Quiet Man
Jaunting car, the horse-drawn vehicle owned by Michaeleen Oge Flynn that is first seen delivering Sean to Innisfree at the beginning of the film. Michaleen is seen using it throughout the film as his main mode of transport and it is in the amusing courting scenes that it plays a greater role.
Gallery[edit]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Quiet Man - Details". AFI Catalog of Feature Films. Retrieved June 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ 'Top Box-Office Hits of 1952', Variety, January 7, 1953.
Jump up ^ "Library of Congress announces 2013 National Film Registry selections". Washington Post (Press release). December 18, 2013. Retrieved December 18, 2013.
Jump up ^ Maureen O'Hara with John Nicoletti. 'Tis Herself: An Autobiography, p. 158-159. Simon & Schuster Paperbacks (2005 edition).
Jump up ^ Maureen O'Hara with John Nicoletti. 'Tis Herself: An Autobiography, p. 169-170. Simon & Schuster Paperbacks (2005 edition).
Jump up ^ "Quiet Man fans can sup a stout in the film’s pub," Belfast Telegraph, August 25, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Quiet Man (1952) Trivia". IMDb. Retrieved August 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Quiet Man Bridge". Oughterard Tourism. Retrieved 2017-08-12.
Jump up ^ "Day Two of the Quiet Man Celebration: I fell in love with the cottage at first sight ..I'll bring the dream alive and put back all that movie magic; White O'Morn Owner Vows to Restore It". The Mirror. Retrieved 2017-08-12.
Jump up ^ "Actress Maureen O'Hara dies at 95". USA Today. Associated Press (October 25, 2015)
Jump up ^ "George A. Romero, 'Night of the Living Dead' creator, dies at 77". LA Times (July 16, 2017)
Jump up ^ Weiler, A. H. (August 22, 1952). "The Screen In Review". The New York Times: p. 13. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Jump up ^ "The Quiet Man". Variety: p. 6. May 14, 1952. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Jump up ^ "'The Quiet Man' with John Wayne, Maureen O'Hara, Victor McLaglen and Barry Fitzgerald". Harrison's Reports: p. 79. May 17, 1952. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Jump up ^ Coe, Richard L. (October 3, 1952). "Now Irish Eyes Are Smiling Again": p. 30. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Jump up ^ Hamburger, Philip (August 23, 1952). "The Current Cinema". The New Yorker: p. 56-57. CS1 maint: Extra text (link)
Jump up ^ "The Quiet Man (1952)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved January 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Gallagher, Tag John Ford: The Man and his Films (University of California Press 1986) p.499
Jump up ^ "Comedian Tops Film Poll". The Sunday Herald. Sydney. December 28, 1952. p. 4. Retrieved August 12, 2017 – via National Library of Australia.
Jump up ^ "The 25th Academy Awards (1953) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-08-20.
Jump up ^ Crowther, Bosley (March 29, 1953). "The 'Oscar' Awards; Showmanship Rather Than Artistry Reigned at the Academy Affair". The New York Times. Retrieved 2017-08-12.
Crosson, Seán and Rod Stoneman (2009). The Quiet Man ... and Beyond: Reflections on a Classic Film, John Ford, and Ireland. Liffey Press. ISBN 9781905785568. Includes chapters examining the film's use of language, style, landscape and Ford's connection more generally with Ireland.
MacHale, Des (2004). Picture The Quiet Man. Appletree Press. ISBN 9780862819309. Includes an in-depth chapter on the film's score and the "Isle of Innisfree". No online access.
McNee, Gerry (2012). In the Footsteps of the Quiet Man: The Inside Story of the Cult Film. Random House. ISBN 9781780574691. Narrative of the film's production.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to The Quiet Man.
The Quiet Man on IMDb
The Quiet Man at the TCM Movie Database
The Quiet Man at AllMovie
The Quiet Man at the American Film Institute Catalog
The Quiet Man on Rotten Tomatoes
The Quiet Man at Filmsite.org
Quiet Man Movie Club
The Quiet Man at Reel Classics
The Quiet Man Cottage museum in Cong
William C. Dowling, "John Ford's Festive Comedy: Ireland Imagined in The Quiet Man"
Dick Farrelly, songwriter: Lyrics
A Quiet Man Miscellany Cork University Press
Dick Farrelly and 'The Isle of Innisfree'
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Films by John Ford
Silent films
The Tornado (1917)
The Trail of Hate (1917)
The Scrapper (1917)
Cheyenne's Pal (1917)
The Soul Herder (1917)
Straight Shooting (1917)
The Secret Man (1917)
A Marked Man (1917)
Bucking Broadway (1917)
The Phantom Riders (1918)
Wild Women (1918)
Thieves' Gold (1918)
The Scarlet Drop (1918)
Hell Bent (1918)
A Woman's Fool (1918)
The Craving (1918)
Three Mounted Men (1918)
Roped (1919)
The Fighting Brothers (1919)
A Fight for Love (1919)
Rustlers (1919)
Bare Fists (1919)
Gun Law (1919)
By Indian Post (1919)
The Gun Packer (1919)
Riders of Vengeance (1919)
The Last Outlaw (1919)
The Outcasts of Poker Flat (1919)
Ace of the Saddle (1919)
Rider of the Law (1919)
A Gun Fightin' Gentleman (1919)
Marked Men (1919)
The Prince of Avenue A (1920)
The Girl in Number 29 (1920)
Hitchin' Posts (1920)
Just Pals (1920)
The Big Punch (1921)
The Freeze-Out (1921)
The Wallop (1921)
Desperate Trails (1921)
Action (1921)
Sure Fire (1921)
Jackie (1921)
Little Miss Smiles (1922)
Silver Wings (1922)
The Village Blacksmith (1922)
The Face on the Bar-Room Floor (1923)
Three Jumps Ahead (1923)
Cameo Kirby (1923)
North of Hudson Bay (1923)
Hoodman Blind (1923)
The Iron Horse (1924)
Hearts of Oak (1924)
Lightnin' (1925)
Kentucky Pride (1925)
Thank You (1925)
The Fighting Heart (1925)
The Shamrock Handicap (1926)
3 Bad Men (1926)
Upstream (1927)
Four Sons (1928)
Strong Boy (1929)
Sound films
The Black Watch (1929)
Men Without Women (1930)
Born Reckless (1930)
Up the River (1930)
Seas Beneath (1931)
The Brat (1931)
Arrowsmith (1931)
Air Mail (1932)
Pilgrimage (1933)
Doctor Bull (1933)
The Lost Patrol (1934)
The World Moves On (1934)
Judge Priest (1934)
The Whole Town's Talking (1935)
The Informer (1935)
Steamboat Round the Bend (1935)
The Prisoner of Shark Island (1936)
Mary of Scotland (1936)
The Plough and the Stars (1936)
Wee Willie Winkie (1937)
The Hurricane (1937)
Four Men and a Prayer (1938)
Submarine Patrol (1938)
Stagecoach (1939)
Young Mr. Lincoln (1939)
Drums Along the Mohawk (1939)
The Grapes of Wrath (1940)
The Long Voyage Home (1940)
Tobacco Road (1941)
How Green Was My Valley (1941)
They Were Expendable (1945)
My Darling Clementine (1946)
The Fugitive (1947)
Fort Apache (1948)
3 Godfathers (1948)
She Wore a Yellow Ribbon (1949)
When Willie Comes Marching Home (1950)
Wagon Master (1950)
Rio Grande (1950)
The Quiet Man (1952)
What Price Glory (1952)
The Sun Shines Bright (1953)
Mogambo (1953)
The Long Gray Line (1955)
Mister Roberts (co-d, 1955)
The Searchers (1956)
The Wings of Eagles (1957)
The Rising of the Moon (1957)
Gideon's Day (1958)
The Last Hurrah (1958)
The Horse Soldiers (1959)
Sergeant Rutledge (1960)
Two Rode Together (1961)
The Man Who Shot Liberty Valance (1962)
How the West Was Won (1963)
Donovan's Reef (1963)
Cheyenne Autumn (1964)
7 Women (1966)
Television
"Rookie of the Year" (1955)
"The Colter Craven Story"
"Flashing Spikes" (1962)
Productions
The Iron Horse (1924)
The Blue Eagle (1926)
Mother Machree (1928)
Hangman's House (1928)
Riley the Cop (1928)
Salute (1929)
Flesh (1932)
The Adventures of Marco Polo (1938)
Young Cassidy (1965)
Documentaries
and training films
Torpedo Squadron
Sex Hygiene (1942)
The Battle of Midway (1942)
December 7th: The Movie (1943)
Undercover (1943)
This is Korea (1951)
Korea: Battleground for Liberty (1959)
Chesty: A Tribute to a Legend (1970)
Vietnam! Vietnam! (1971) (produced and co-wrote)
Related
Five Came Back (2017 documentary)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNF: cb14661895z (data)
GND: 4644231-5
SUDOC: 159299659
VIAF: 316751798
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Quiet_Man&oldid=848268074"
Categories:
1952 films
1950s romantic comedy films
American films
American comedy-drama films
American romantic comedy films
Boxing films
English-language films
Films scored by Victor Young
Films about weddings
Films based on short fiction
Films directed by John Ford
Films set in the 1920s
Films set in Ireland
Films shot in the Republic of Ireland
Films whose director won the Best Directing Academy Award
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Irish-American media
Irish-American culture
Irish-language films
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United States National Film Registry films
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Extra text
Use mdy dates from January 2015
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