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Round Table Conferences (India)
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This article is about Anglo-Indian round table conferences. For Dutch-Indonesian round table conference, see Dutch-Indonesian Round Table Conference. For other uses, see Round Table (disambiguation).
The three Round Table Conferences of 1930–32 were a series of conferences organized by the British Government to discuss constitutional reforms in India. They were conducted as per the recommendation of Jinnah to Viceroy Lord Irwin and Prime Minister Ramsay MacDonald,[1][2] and by the report submitted by the Simon Commission in May 1930. Demands for swaraj, or self-rule, in India had been growing increasingly strong. By the 1930s, many British politicians believed that India needed to move towards dominion status. However, there were significant disagreements between the Indian and the British political parties that the Conferences would not resolve.
Contents
[hide]
1 First Round Table Conference (November 1930 – January 1931)
1.1 Participants
1.2 Proceedings
2 Second Round Table Conference (September – December 1931)
2.1 Participants
2.2 Proceedings
3 Third Round Table Conference (November – December 1932)
3.1 Participants
4 References
5 Further reading
First Round Table Conference (November 1930 – January 1931)[edit]
The Round Table Conference officially inaugurated by His Majesty George V on November 12, 1930 in Royal Gallery House of Lords at London[1] and chaired by the British Prime Minister, Ramsay MacDonald.
The three British political parties were represented by sixteen delegates. There were fifty-eight political leaders from British India and sixteen delegates from the princely states. In total 74 delegates from India attended the Conference. However, the Indian National Congress, along with Indian business leaders, kept away from the conference. Many of them were in jail for their participation in Civil Disobedience Movement.[3]
Participants[edit]
British Representatives:
Labour: Ramsay Macdonald, Lord Sankey, Wedgwood Benn, Arthur Henderson, J. H. Thomas, William Jowitt, Hastings Lees-Smith, Earl Russell
Conservative: Earl Peel, Marquess of Zetland, Samuel Hoare, Oliver Stanley
Liberal: Marquess of Reading, Marquess of Lothian, Sir Robert Hamilton, Isaac Foot
Indian States' Representatives: Maharaja of Alwar, Maharaja of Baroda, Nawab of Bhopal, Maharaja of Bikaner, Rana of Dholpur, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, Maharaja of Nawanagar, Maharaja of Patiala (Chancellor of the Chamber of Princes), Maharaja of Rewa, Chief Sahib of Sangli, Sir Prabhashankar Pattani (Bhavnagar), Manubhai Mehta (Baroda), Sardar Sahibzada Sultan Ahmed Khan (Gwalior), Akbar Hydari (Hyderabad), Mirza Ismail (Mysore), Col. Kailas Narain Haksar (Jammu and Kashmir)
British-Indian Representatives:
Muslim League: Aga Khan III (leader of British-Indian delegation), Maulana Mohammad Ali Jauhar, Muhammad Shafi, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, A. K. Fazlul Huq, Hafiz Ghulam Hussain Hidayat Ullah, Dr. Shafa'at Ahmad Khan, Raja Sher Muhammad Khan of Domeli, A. H. Ghuznavi [4]
Hindus: B. S. Moonje, M. R. Jayakar, Diwan Bahadur Raja Narendra Nath
Liberals: J. N. Basu, Tej Bahadur Sapru, C. Y. Chintamani, V. S. Srinivasa Sastri, Chimanlal Harilal Setalvad
Justice Party: Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar, Bhaskarrao Vithojirao Jadhav, Sir A. P. Patro
Depressed Classes: B. R. Ambedkar, Rettamalai Srinivasan
Sikhs: Sardar Ujjal Singh, Sardar Sampuran Singh
Parsis: Phiroze Sethna, Cowasji Jehangir, Homi Mody
Indian Christians: K. T. Paul
Europeans: Sir Hubert Carr, Sir Oscar de Glanville (Burma), T. F. Gavin Jones, C. E. Wood (Madras)
Anglo-Indians: Henry Gidney
Women: Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz, Radhabai Subbarayan
Landlords: Maharaja Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga (Bihar), Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari (United Provinces), Raja of Parlekhmundi (Orissa), Provash Chandra Mitter
Labour: N. M. Joshi, B. Shiva Rao
Universities: Syed Sultan Ahmed, Bisheshwar Dayal Seth,
Burma: U Aung Thin, Ba U, M. M. Ohn Ghine
Sindh: Shah Nawaz Bhutto, Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah
Other Provinces: Chandradhar Barua (Assam), Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum (NWFP), S. B. Tambe (Central Provinces)
Government of India: Narendra Nath Law, Bhupendra Nath Mitra, C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, M. Ramachandra Rao
Officials attending in consultative capacity: W. M. Hailey, C. A. Innes, A. C. MacWatters, H. G. Haig, L. W. Reynolds
Indian States Delegation Staff:
Hyderabad: Sir Richard Chenevix-Trench, Nawab Mahdi Yar Jung, Ahmed Hussain, Nawab Sir Amin Jung Bahadur, Sir Reginald Glancy
South Indian States: T. Raghavaiah
Baroda: V. T. Krishnamachari
Alwar: Fateh Naseeb Khan
Orissa States: K. C. Neogy
Nominated by the Chamber of Princes Special Organisation: L. F. Rushbrook Williams, Qazi Ali Haidar Abbasi, Jarmani Dass, A. B. Latthe, D. A. Surve
Secretariats: S. K. Brown, V. Dawson, K. S. Fitze, W. H. Lewis, R. J. Stopford, J. Coatman, Marmaduke Pickthall, K. M. Panikkar, N. S. Subba Rao, Geoffrey Corbett, A. Latifi, Girija Shankar Bajpai
Secretariat-General: R. H. A. Carter, Mian Abdul Aziz, W. D. Croft, G. E. J. Gent, B. G. Holdsworth, R. F. Mudie, G. S. Rajadhya
Proceedings[edit]
The conference started with 6 plenary meetings where delegates put forward their issues 9 sub committees were formed to deal with several different matters including federal structure, provincial constitution, province of Sindh and NWFP, defense services and minorities e.t.c.[4] These were followed by discussions on the reports of the sub-committees on Federal Structure, Provincial Constitution, Minorities, Burma, North West Frontier Province, Franchise, Defense services and Sindh. These were followed by 2 more plenary meetings and a final concluding session.[3] It was difficult for progress to be made in the absence of the Indian National Congress but some advances were made.
The idea of an All-India Federation was moved to the centre of discussion by Tej Bahadur Sapru.[5] All the groups attending the conference supported this concept. The princely states agreed to the proposed federation provided that their internal sovereignty was guaranteed. The Muslim League also supported the federation as it had always been opposed to a strong Centre. The British agreed that representative government should be introduced on provincial level.
Other important discussions were the responsibility of the executive to the legislature and a separate electorate for the so-called Untouchables as demanded by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar.
Second Round Table Conference (September – December 1931)[edit]
The Congress had boycotted the first conference was requested to come to a settlement by Sapru, M. R. Jayakar and V. S. Srinivasa Sastri. A settlement between Mahatma Gandhi and Viceroy Lord Irwin known as the Gandhi–Irwin Pact was reached and Gandhi was appointed as the sole representative of the Congress to the second Round Table Conference. By this time, there was a coalition Government in Britain with a Conservative majority. It was held in London in September 1931. The discussion led to the passing of the Government Of India act of 1935.
Participants[edit]
[6]
British Representatives:
Labour: Ramsay Macdonald, Wedgwood Benn, Arthur Henderson, William Jowitt, Hastings Lees-Smith, F. W.hick-Lawrence, Lord Sankey, Lord Snell, J. H. Thomas
Conservative: Viscount Hailsham, Samuel Hoare, Earl Peel, Oliver Stanley, Marquess of Zetland
Scottish Unionist: Walter Elliot
Liberal: Isaac Foot, Henry Graham White, Robert Hamilton, Marquess of Lothian, Marquess of Reading,
Indian States' Representatives: Maharaja of Alwar, Maharaja of Baroda, Nawab of Bhopal, Maharaja of Bikaner, Maharao of Kutch, Rana of Dholpur, Maharaja of Indore, Maharaja of Jammu and Kashmir, Maharaja of Kapurthala, Maharaja of Nawanagar, Maharaja of Patiala, Maharaja of Rewa, Chief Sahib of Sangli, Raja of Korea, Raja of Sarila, Sir Prabhashankar Pattani (Bhavnagar), Manubhai Mehta (Baroda), Sardar Sahibzada Sultan Ahmed Khan (Gwalior), Sir Muhammad Akbar Hydari (Hyderabad), Mirza Ismail (Mysore), Col. K.N. Haksar (Jammu and Kashmir), T. Raghavaiah (Travancore), Liaqat Hayat Khan (Patiala)
British-Indian Representatives:
Government of India: C. P. Ramaswami Iyer, Narendra Nath Law, M. Ramachandra Rao
Indian National Congress: Mahatma Gandhi, A. Rangaswami Iyengar, Madan Mohan Malaviya
Muslims: Aga Khan III, Maulana Shaukat Ali, Muhammad Ali Jinnah, A. K. Fazlul Huq, Muhammad Iqbal, Muhammad Shafi, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan, Syed Ali Imam, Maulvi Muhammad Shafi Daudi, Raja Sher Muhammad Khan of Domeli, A. H. Ghuznavi, Hafiz Hidayat Hussain, Sayed Muhammad Padshah Saheb Bahadur, Dr. Shafa'at Ahmad Khan, Jamal Muhammad, khaja Mian Rowther, Nawab Sahibzada Sayed Muhammad Mehr Shah
Hindus: M. R. Jayakar, B. S. Moonje, Diwan Bahadur Raja Narendra Nath
Liberals: J. N. Basu, C. Y. Chintamani, Tej Bahadur Sapru, V. S. Srinivasa Sastri, Chimanlal Harilal Setalvad
Justice Party: Raja of Bobbili, Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar, Sir A. P. Patro, Bhaskarrao Vithojirao Jadhav
Depressed Classes: B. R. Ambedkar, Rettamalai Srinivasan,
Sikhs: Sardar Ujjal Singh, Sardar Sampuran Singh
Parsis: Cowasji Jehangir, Homi Mody, Phiroze Sethna
Indian Christians: Surendra Kumar Datta, A. T. Pannirselvam
Europeans: E. C. Benthall, Sir Hubert Carr, T. F. Gavin Jones, C. E. Wood (Madras)
Anglo-Indians: Henry Gidney
Women: Sarojini Naidu, Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz, Radhabai Subbarayan
Landlords: Muhammad Ahmad Said Khan Chhatari (United Provinces), Kameshwar Singh of Darbhanga (Bihar), Raja of Parlakimedi (Orissa), Sir Provash Chandra Mitter
Industry: Ghanshyam Das Birla, Sir Purshottamdas Thakurdas, Maneckji Dadabhoy
Labour: N. M. Joshi, B. Shiva Rao, V. V. Giri
Universities: Syed Sultan Ahmed, Bisheshwar Dayal Seth
Burma: Sir Padamji Ginwala
Sindh: Shah Nawaz Bhutto, Ghulam Hussain Hidayatullah
Other Provinces: Chandradhar Barua (Assam), Sahibzada Abdul Qayyum (NWFP), S. B. Tambe (Central Provinces)
Indian States Delegation Staff: V. T. Krishnamachari (Baroda), Richard Chenevix-Trench (Hyderabad), Nawab Mahdi Yar Jung (Hyderabad), S. M. Bapna (Indore), Amar Nath Atal (Jaipur), J. W. Young (Jodhpur), Ram Chandra Kak (Jammu and Kashmir), Sahibzada Abdus Samad Khan (Rampur), K. C. Neogy (Orissa states), L. F. Rushbrook Williams, Jarmani Dass, Muhammad Saleh Akbar Hydari, K. M. Panikkar, N. Madhava Rao
British Delegation Staff: H. G. Haig, V. Dawson, K. S. Fitze, J. G. Laithwaite, W. H. Lewis, P. J. Patrick, J. Coatman, G. T. Garratt, R. J. Stopford
British Indian Delegation Staff: Geoffrey Corbett, A. Latifi, Girija Shankar Bajpai, Benegal Rama Rau, Syed Amjad Ali, Prince Aly Khan, A. M. Chaudhury, Mahadev Desai, Govind Malaviya, K. T. Shah, P. Sinha
Secretariat-General: R. H. A. Carter, K. Anderson, C. D. Deshmukh, J. M. Sladen, Hugh MacGregor, G. F. Steward, A. H. Joyce, Syed Amjad Ali, Ram Babu Saksena
Proceedings[edit]
The second session opened on September 7, 1931. There were three major differences between the first and second Round Table Conferences. By the second:
The Second Round Table Conference (September 7, 1931)
Congress Representation — The Gandhi-Irwin Pact opened the way for Congress participation in this conference. Mahatma Gandhi was invited from India and attended as the sole official Congress representative accompanied by Sarojini Naidu and also Madan Mohan Malaviya, Ghanshyam Das Birla, Muhammad Iqbal, Sir Mirza Ismail (Diwan of Mysore), S.K. Dutta and Sir Syed Ali Imam. Gandhi claimed that the Congress alone represented political India; that the Untouchables were Hindus and should not be treated as a “minority”; and that there should be no separate electorates or special safeguards for Muslims or other minorities. These claims were rejected by the other Indian participants. According to this pact, Gandhi was asked to call off the Civil Disobedience Movement (CDM) and if he did so the prisoners of the British government would be freed excepting the criminal prisoners, i.e. those who had killed British officials. He returned to India, disappointed with the results and empty-handed.
National Government — two weeks earlier the Labour government in London had fallen. Ramsay MacDonald now headed a National Government dominated by the Conservative Party.
Financial Crisis – During the conference, Britain went off the Gold Standard further distracting the National Government.

During the Conference, Gandhi could not reach agreement with the Muslims on Muslim representation and safeguards. At the end of the conference Ramsay MacDonald undertook to produce a Communal Award for minority representation, with the provision that any free agreement between the parties could be substituted for his award.
Gandhi took particular exception to the treatment of untouchables as a minority separate from the rest of the Hindu community. He clashed with the leader of depressed classes, Dr.B. R. Ambedkar, over this issue: the two eventually resolved the situation with the Poona Pact of 1932.
Third Round Table Conference (November – December 1932)[edit]
The third and last session assembled on November 17, 1932. Only forty-six delegates attended since most of the main political figures of India were not present. The Labour Party from Britain and the Indian National Congress refused to attend.
From September 1931 until March 1933, under the supervision of the Secretary of State for India, Sir Samuel Hoare, the proposed reforms took the form reflected in the Government of India Act 1935.
Participants[edit]
[7]
Indian States' Representatives: Akbar Hydari (Dewan of Hyderabad), Mirza Ismail (Dewan of Mysore), V. T. Krishnamachari (Dewan of Baroda), Wajahat Hussain (Jammu and Kashmir), Sir Sukhdeo Prasad (Udaipur, Jaipur, Jodhpur), J. A. Surve (Kolhapur), Raja Oudh Narain Bisarya (Bhopal), Manubhai Mehta (Bikaner), Nawab Liaqat Hayat Khan (Patiala), Fateh Naseeb Khan (Alwar State), L. F. Rushbrook Williams (Nawanagar), Raja of Sarila (small states)
British-Indian Representatives: Aga Khan III, B. R. Ambedkar (Depressed Classes), Ramakrishna Ranga Rao of Bobbili, Sir Hubert Carr (Europeans), Nanak Chand Pandit, A. H. Ghuznavi, Henry Gidney (Anglo-Indians), Hafiz Hidayat Hussain, Muhammad Iqbal, M. R. Jayakar, Cowasji Jehangir, N. M. Joshi (Labour), Narasimha Chintaman Kelkar, Arcot Ramasamy Mudaliar, Begum Jahanara Shahnawaz (Women), A. P. Patro, Tej Bahadur Sapru, Dr. Shafa'at Ahmad Khan, Sir Shadi Lal, Tara Singh Malhotra, Sir Nripendra Nath Sircar, Sir Purshottamdas Thakurdas, Muhammad Zafarullah Khan
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Wolpert, Stanley (2013). Jinnah of Pakistan (15 ed.). Karachi, Pakistan: Oxford University Press. p. 107. ISBN 978-0-19-577389-7.
Jump up ^ Wolpert, Stanley (2012). Shameful Flight (1st ed.). Karachi, Pakistan: Oxford University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-19-906606-3.
^ Jump up to: a b Indian Round Table Conference Proceedings. Government of India. 1931.
^ Jump up to: a b Prof M. Ikram, Rabbani. Pakistan studies (2nd ed.). Lahore, Pakistan: Caravan book house. pp. 100–101. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Menon, V.P. (1957). Transfer of Power in India. Orient Longman Limited. p. 44. Retrieved 29 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Indian Round Table Conference (Second Session) Proceedings of the Plenary Sessions (PDF). 1932.
Jump up ^ http://hansard.millbanksystems.com/commons/1932/oct/31/round-table-conference-delegates
Further reading[edit]
Beatty, Michael J., Ralph R. Behnke, and Barbara Jane Banks. Elements of dialogic communication in Gandhi's second round table conference address(1979) : 386-398.
Menon, V. P. (1995). "Integration of the Indian States",'Orient Longman Ltd'
Essay on Indian Constitutional Round Table Conferences, London 1931–1933[dubious – discuss]
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Stinson (surname)
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Stinson is an English and Scottish surname. There are many variants, including Stephenson, Stevenson, and Steenson. The Stinson family first landed in Glasgow around the year 1100, from Denmark, changing their name of "Stenson to Anglicize it".[1]
Notable people with the surname include:
Bess Stinson (1902-1996), Arizona state legislator
Bob Stinson (1959–1995), founding member and lead guitarist for the American rock band The Replacements
Darrel Stinson (born 1945), retired politician in British Columbia, Canada
Doug Stinson Canadian mathematician and cryptographer
Ford E. Stinson, Louisiana state legislator
Ford E. Stinson, Jr., Louisiana state court judge
G. E. Stinson, American guitarist and founding member of new age / electronic musical group Shadowfax
Harry Stinson, real estate developer in Toronto, Canada
Harry Edward Stinson (1898–1975), sculptor
J. T. Stinson, 20th century fruit specialist and the first director of the Missouri State Fruit Experiment Station
Jonathan Stinson (born 1978), American opera singer and composer
Katherine Stinson (1891–1977), fourth woman in the United States to obtain a pilot's certificate
Kathy Stinson, Canadian children's writer
Lloyd Stinson (1904–1976), politician in Manitoba, Canada
Thomas Stinson (1798–1864), Ontario merchant, banker & land owner
Tommy Stinson (born 1966), American bassist who is currently a member of Guns N' Roses
Tyler Stinson (born 1986), American mixed martial artist
Fictional characters:
Barney Stinson, a fictional character in the American TV series How I Met Your Mother
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.houseofnames.com/stinson-family-crest
This page lists people with the surname Stinson. If an internal link intending to refer to a specific person led you to this page, you may wish to change that link by adding the person's given name(s) to the link.
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Bristol Fourth of July Parade
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The Military, Civic and Fireman’s Fourth of July Parade
The 232nd parade in 2017
Genre
Parade
Date(s)
Independence Day
Frequency
Annual
Location(s)
Bristol, Rhode Island, United States
Years active
232
Inaugurated
1785
Most recent
July 4, 2017
Attendance
50,000
Patron(s)
Bristol Fourth of July General Committee
Website
Bristol 4th of July
Bristol Fourth of July Parade, or Bristol Fourth of July Celebration (officially known as the Military, Civic and Firemen's Parade), founded in 1785, is a nationally known Fourth of July parade in Bristol, Rhode Island. The parade is part of the oldest Fourth of July celebration in the United States of America.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Buddy Cianci and the parade
1.2 2009 Parade
1.3 2014 parade
1.4 2015 parade
1.5 2016 route change controversy
2 Celebration traditions
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
The annual official and historic celebrations (Patriotic Exercises) were established in 1785 by Rev. Henry Wight of the First Congregational Church and veteran of the Revolutionary War, and later by Rev. Wight as the Parade, and continue today, organized by the Bristol Fourth of July Committee. The festivities officially start on June 14, Flag Day, beginning a period of outdoor concerts, soap-box races and a firefighters' muster at Independence Park. The celebration climaxes on July 4 with the oldest annual parade in the United States, "The Military, Civic and Firemen's Parade", an event that draws over 200,000 people from Rhode Island and around the world. These elaborate celebrations give Bristol its nickname, "America's most patriotic town". In 1785 the Bristol Fourth of July Celebration (beginning as the Patriotic Exercises) was founded and the Fourth of July has been celebrated every year in Bristol since that date, although the parade itself was canceled several times.[2][3]
Buddy Cianci and the parade[edit]
Buddy Cianci returned after serving his jail sentence to march again in the 2009 parade
Buddy Cianci, Providence's longest-serving mayor, had a long and controversial history with the Bristol parade. In the 1970's, parade rules stipulated that only elected federal, state, and Bristol town officials were invited to participate; mayors of Providence were not invited.[4] In spite of this, Providence mayor Buddy Cianci marched in the parade every year after his 1975 election, in violation of the rules, until parade organizers sent a letter censuring him after the 1979 parade.[4] The Bristol Town Council explicitly voted to ban Cianci from the 1980 parade, a year in which Cianci was running for governor against J. Joseph Garrahy, who, as sitting governor, was welcome to march.[4] The Bristol police chief vowed to arrest anyone who caused a disturbance.[4] A record 300,000 spectators showed up for the 1980 parade, waiting to see what would happen.[4] In the end, when Cianci's helicopter touched down at Colt High School,[5] officials backed down in the face of overwhelming crowd support for Cianci; he received bigger cheers than any other guest that day.[4]
In 1984, after pleading "no contest" to a charge of assault, Cianci skipped the parade; a clown dressed in a prison uniform, carrying a ball and chain, mocked him in his absence.[5] In 1991, Cianci caused some controversy by marching in front of the parade marshal, which prompted the parade chairman to comment, "Cianci is rude and he doesn't deserve to be invited back."[5] In 1997 and 1998, Cianci marched with a "small army" of police, including police rescue boats on trailers, a bicycle patrol, and police officers squirting spectators with water rifles. This proved too much for the parade subcommittee, who unanimously dis-invited Cianci from the 1999 parade.[5] Cianci skipped 1999, but returned in 2000 to shouting and cheers, despite having been indicted this time on federal corruption charges.[5] Cianci's last appearance as sitting mayor was in 2002, after his conviction.[5] Instead of riding his usual horse, Cianci walked this time, and he was frequently stopped by fans along the route to take photos and to shake his hand.[5]
In 2003, new Providence Mayor David Cicilline marched in the parade, accompanied by a more modest contingent than his predecessor.[5]
2009 Parade[edit]
The Rhode Island Tea-Party Association applied to enter the parade with a float featuring a representation of the British ship Beaver, which was ransacked by colonists dressed as Native Americans in 1773 at the Boston Tea Party. Staffing the float was Helen Glover, a radio personality from Providence, RI–based WHJJ 920 AM.
The Bristol Fourth of July Committee ejected the Rhode Island Tea-Party Association float from the 2009 parade and permanently banned them from all future parades for distributing pocket copies of the Declaration of Independence, the U.S. Constitution and Bill of Rights along the parade route. Such handouts are prohibited at the Parade on the grounds that people (especially children) running up to floats to get them pose a danger.[6]
2014 parade[edit]
Attendance at the 2014 parade was reportedly "much lighter than usual" due to bad weather from Tropical Storm Arthur.[7] The parade was ended abruptly at 1pm with a sudden thunderstorm.[7] Marchers included Rhode Island's congressional delegation at the front of the line, including Senators Jack Reed and Sheldon Whitehouse and Reps. Jim Langevin and David Cicilline.[7] Former Providence mayor Buddy Cianci and Gubernatorial candidate Gina Raimondo also attended.[7]
2015 parade[edit]
An estimated 50,000 people attended the parade in 2015.[8]
2016 route change controversy[edit]
The head of the 2016 parade.
In early January 2016, the Bristol Fourth of July Committee voted to shorten the parade route from 2.4 miles to just under two miles, in order to clear roads to make it easier for first responders to react in the event of an emergency.[9] Another reason given was that a longtime drum corps threatened to drop out because the route was too long.[10] The revised route would begin with the 231st parade in July 2016, and was said to be a return back to the "traditional parade route."[9] After an outcry from the public and a complaint to the Rhode Island Attorney General, the committee voted one week later to restore the longer route.[10]
Celebration traditions[edit]
Crowded street scene prior to the parade in 2007. The town's unique red, white, and blue center line is also visible.
Patriotic Exercises Speaker: the oldest tradition and given to a notable person chosen to speak (starting in 1785)
Chief Marshal: a high honor given to a Bristol resident (starting in 1826)
Visiting ship: a U.S. Navy ship is present at the celebration (starting in 1876)
Drum and Bugle Corps from around the country
Button Contest: Children in Bristol compete to design an official button for the parade. The winner is given a $100 bond and can march in the parade.[11]
Longest Traveled Award: given to the person who has traveled the longest distance to return to Bristol
Pageants for Miss Fourth of July and Little Miss Fourth of July[12]
See also[edit]
Ancient and Horribles Parade
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Founder of America’s Oldest Fourth of July Celebration". First Congregational Church. Retrieved 23 March 2014.
Jump up ^ Anonymous (3 July 2008). "Borne with the Fourth of July: Bristol carries on a rich tradition". The Providence Journal. p. B.1. Retrieved 6 July 2012.
Jump up ^ Simpson, Richard V. (1989). Independence Day: How the Day is Celebrated in Bristol, Rhode Island. Middletown, RI: Aquidneck Graphics. OCLC 22001850.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Stanton, Mike (2004). The prince of Providence : the life and times of Buddy Cianci, America's most notorious mayor, some wiseguys and the Feds (2004 Random House trade pbk. ed.). New York: Random House. pp. 147–150. ISBN 0-375-75967-0. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Simpson, Richard V. (2008). Historic Bristol : tales from an old Rhode Island seaport. Charleston, SC: History Press. ISBN 1596293527. Retrieved 5 January 2017.
Jump up ^ Macris, Gina (9 July 2009). "Tea Party gets dumped from Bristol parade". The Providence Journal. p. A.1. Retrieved 7 July 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Borg, Linda (4 July 2014). "Marchers, spectators at Bristol Fourth parade pay little mind to the rain". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 18 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Pelletier, Jenna (29 June 2016). "Everything you need to know about Bristol's Fourth of July parade". The Providence Journal. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Tomison, Bill (7 January 2016). "Bristol’s 4th of July parade route being shortened". WPRI News. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Shalvey, Annie (14 January 2016). "Committee votes to maintain original Bristol parade route". WPRI News. Retrieved 3 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Past Button Contest Winners". Bristol 4th of July. 4th of July Parade Committee. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
Jump up ^ "Miss and Little Miss Fourth of July". Bristol 4th of July. Bristol 4th of July Committee. Retrieved 25 July 2016.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bristol Fourth of July Parade.
External links[edit]
Official Bristol Fourth of July Celebration website
Official Souvenir Book of the 2016 parade
"Glenn Beck: Put that Constitution away!". The Glenn Beck Program. Glenn Beck. July 14, 2009. —Helen Glover interview regarding 2009 controversy
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bristol_Fourth_of_July_Parade&oldid=789186361"
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text:
List of Madam Secretary episodes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Madam Secretary is an American political drama television series created by Barbara Hall and executive produced by Lori McCreary and Morgan Freeman. It stars Téa Leoni as Elizabeth "Bess" Adams McCord, an ex CIA analyst who becomes the United States Secretary of State. On March 23, 2017, CBS renewed the series for a fourth season, which premiered on October 8, 2017.[1][2] As of January 14, 2018,[update] 80 episodes of Madam Secretary have aired.
Contents
[hide]
1 Series overview
2 Episodes
2.1 Season 1 (2014–15)
2.2 Season 2 (2015–16)
2.3 Season 3 (2016–17)
2.4 Season 4 (2017–18)
3 References
4 External links
Series overview[edit]
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 22 September 21, 2014 (2014-09-21) May 3, 2015 (2015-05-03)
2 23 October 4, 2015 (2015-10-04) May 8, 2016 (2016-05-08)
3 23 October 2, 2016 (2016-10-02) May 21, 2017 (2017-05-21)
4 TBA October 8, 2017 (2017-10-08) TBA
Episodes[edit]
Season 1 (2014–15)[edit]
Main article: Madam Secretary (season 1)
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
1
1 "Pilot" David Semel Barbara Hall September 21, 2014 (2014-09-21) 14.75[3]
2
2 "Another Benghazi" David Semel Barbara Hall September 28, 2014 (2014-09-28) 12.72[4]
3
3 "The Operative" Jeremy Webb David Grae October 5, 2014 (2014-10-05) 12.18[5]
4
4 "Just Another Normal Day" Eric Stoltz Joan Rater & Tony Phelan October 12, 2014 (2014-10-12) 11.45[6]
5
5 "Blame Canada" Eriq La Salle Paul Redford October 19, 2014 (2014-10-19) 12.28[7]
6
6 "The Call" Mark Piznarski Matt Ward October 26, 2014 (2014-10-26) 11.71[8]
7
7 "Passage" Martha Coolidge Alex Cooley November 2, 2014 (2014-11-02) 13.21[9]
8
8 "Need to Know" Dennie Gordon Alexander Maggio November 9, 2014 (2014-11-09) 12.54[10]
9
9 "So It Goes" James Whitmore, Jr. David Grae November 16, 2014 (2014-11-16) 12.77[11]
10
10 "Collateral Damage" Eric Stoltz Matt Ward November 23, 2014 (2014-11-23) 12.41[12]
11
11 "Game On" Randy Zisk Paul Redford November 30, 2014 (2014-11-30) 13.24[13]
12
12 "Standoff" Gloria Muzio Joseph C. Muscat January 4, 2015 (2015-01-04) 11.69[14]
13
13 "Chains of Command" Michael Waxman Alex Cooley January 11, 2015 (2015-01-11) 12.13[15]
14
14 "Whisper of the Ax" Eric Stoltz Barbara Hall March 1, 2015 (2015-03-01) 11.64[16]
15
15 "The Ninth Circle" Nicole Rubio Alexander Maggio March 8, 2015 (2015-03-08) 10.82[17]
16
16 "Tamerlane" Jonathan Brown David Grae March 15, 2015 (2015-03-15) 11.26[18]
17
17 "Face the Nation" Rob Greenlea Matt Ward March 22, 2015 (2015-03-22) 10.79[19]
18
18 "The Time is at Hand" Anna Foerster Joy Gregory March 29, 2015 (2015-03-29) 11.47[20]
19
19 "Spartan Figures" Tate Donovan Lyla Oliver April 5, 2015 (2015-04-05) 9.27[21]
20
20 "The Necessary Art" Dennie Gordon Paul Redford April 12, 2015 (2015-04-12) 11.39[22]
21
21 "The Kill List" Ed Ornelas David Grae April 26, 2015 (2015-04-26) 10.46[23]
22
22 "There But For the Grace of God" Eric Stoltz Barbara Hall May 3, 2015 (2015-05-03) 9.67[24]
Season 2 (2015–16)[edit]
Main article: Madam Secretary (season 2)
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
23
1 "The Show Must Go On" Morgan Freeman Barbara Hall October 4, 2015 (2015-10-04) 11.79[25]
24
2 "The Doability Doctrine" Eric Stoltz David Grae October 11, 2015 (2015-10-11) 11.15[26]
25
3 "The Rusalka" Dennie Gordon Matt Ward October 18, 2015 (2015-10-18) 9.61[27]
26
4 "Waiting for Taleju" Felix Alcalá Joy Gregory October 25, 2015 (2015-10-25) 10.81[28]
27
5 "The Long Shot" Rob J. Greenlea Moira Kirland November 1, 2015 (2015-11-01) 9.47[29]
28
6 "Catch and Release" Charlotte Brandstrom Alex Cooley November 8, 2015 (2015-11-08) 10.59[30]
29
7 "You Say You Want a Revolution" Tate Donovan Joan Rater & Tony Phelan November 15, 2015 (2015-11-15) 10.61[31]
30
8 "Lights Out" Dennie Gordon Alexander Maggio November 22, 2015 (2015-11-22) 9.91[32]
31
9 "Russian Roulette" Jonathan Brown Barbara Hall November 29, 2015 (2015-11-29) 9.96[33]
32
10 "The Greater Good" Eric Stoltz David Grae December 13, 2015 (2015-12-13) 10.14[34]
33
11 "Unity Node" Jet Wilkinson Matt Ward January 10, 2016 (2016-01-10) 8.97[35]
34
12 "The Middle Way" James Whitmore, Jr. Lyla Oliver January 17, 2016 (2016-01-17) 11.87[36]
35
13 "Invasive Species" Tony Phelan Moira Kirland January 31, 2016 (2016-01-31) 10.20[37]
36
14 "Left of the Boom" Rob Greenlea Joy Gregory February 14, 2016 (2016-02-14) 10.06[38]
37
15 "Right of the Boom" Jonathan Brown Alexander Maggio February 21, 2016 (2016-02-21) 10.73[39]
38
16 "Hijriyyah" Charlotte Brandstrom Alex Cooley March 6, 2016 (2016-03-06) 10.19[40]
39
17 "Higher Learning" Heather Cappiello Kelly Jane Costello March 20, 2016 (2016-03-20) 9.41[41]
40
18 "On the Clock" Zetna Fuentes Barbara Hall and David Grae March 27, 2016 (2016-03-27) 8.50[42]
41
19 "Desperate Remedies" Rob Greenlea Matt Ward April 10, 2016 (2016-04-10) 9.86[43]
42
20 "Ghost Detainee" Charlotte Brandstrom Moira Kirland April 17, 2016 (2016-04-17) 9.57[44]
43
21 "Connection Lost" Jonathan Brown Joy Gregory April 24, 2016 (2016-04-24) 9.57[45]
44
22 "Render Safe" Felix Alcala David Grae May 1, 2016 (2016-05-01) 9.90[46]
45
23 "Vartius" Eric Stoltz Barbara Hall May 8, 2016 (2016-05-08) 9.99[47]
Season 3 (2016–17)[edit]
Main article: Madam Secretary (season 3)
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
46
1 "Sea Change" Morgan Freeman Barbara Hall October 2, 2016 (2016-10-02) 9.20[48]
47
2 "The Linchpin" Eric Stoltz David Grae October 16, 2016 (2016-10-16) 9.10[49]
48
3 "South China Sea" Rob Greenlea Matt Ward October 23, 2016 (2016-10-23) 9.04[50]
49
4 "The Dissent Memo" Felix Alcala Joy Gregory October 30, 2016 (2016-10-30) 7.91[51]
50
5 "The French Revolution" Jonathan Brown Moira Kirland November 6, 2016 (2016-11-06) 8.24[52]
51
6 "The Statement" Jet Wilkinson Alex Cooley November 13, 2016 (2016-11-13) 9.26[53]
52
7 "Tectonic Shift" Arlene Sanford Lyla Oliver November 20, 2016 (2016-11-20) 8.52[54]
53
8 "Breakout Capacity" James Whitmore Alexander Maggio November 27, 2016 (2016-11-27) 8.97[55]
54
9 "Snap Back" Sam Hoffman Shalisha Francis December 11, 2016 (2016-12-11) 7.82[56]
55
10 "The Race" Eric Stoltz David Grae December 18, 2016 (2016-12-18) 9.05[57]
56
11 "Gift Horse" Jonathan Brown Barbara Hall January 8, 2017 (2017-01-08) 9.00[58]
57
12 "The Detour" Martha Mitchell Matt Ward January 15, 2017 (2017-01-15) 7.54[59]
58
13 "The Beautiful Game" Felix Alcala Joy Gregory January 29, 2017 (2017-01-29) 8.71[60]
59
14 "Labor of Love" Charlotte Brandstrom Moira Kirland March 5, 2017 (2017-03-05) 7.44[61]
60
15 "Break in Diplomacy" Maggie Greenwald Lyla Oliver March 12, 2017 (2017-03-12) 8.23[62]
61
16 "Swept Away" Felix Alcala Alex Cooley March 19, 2017 (2017-03-19) 7.62[63]
62
17 "Convergence" James Whitmore Alexander Maggio March 26, 2017 (2017-03-26) 8.77[64]
63
18 "Good Bones" Rob Greenlea Joy Gregory April 9, 2017 (2017-04-09) 7.58[65]
64
19 "Global Relief" Jet Wilkinson Moira Kirland April 23, 2017 (2017-04-23) 7.87[66]
65
20 "Extraordinary Hazard" Charlotte Brandstrom Mark Steilen April 30, 2017 (2017-04-30) 7.88[67]
66
21 "The Seventh Floor" Deborah Reinisch Matt Ward May 7, 2017 (2017-05-07) 7.58[68]
67
22 "Revelation" Jonathan Brown David Grae May 14, 2017 (2017-05-14) 7.83[69]
68
23 "Article 5" Eric Stoltz Barbara Hall May 21, 2017 (2017-05-21) 7.44[70]
Season 4 (2017–18)[edit]
Main article: Madam Secretary (season 4)
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
69
1 "News Cycle" Morgan Freeman Barbara Hall October 8, 2017 (2017-10-08) 7.21[71]
70
2 "Off the Record" Eric Stoltz David Grae October 15, 2017 (2017-10-15) 6.36[72]
71
3 "The Essentials" Charlotte Brandstrom Matt Ward October 22, 2017 (2017-10-22) 6.43[73]
72
4 "Shutdown" Felix Alcala Joy Gregory October 29, 2017 (2017-10-29) 5.83[74]
73
5 "Persona Non Grata" John Murray Alexander Maggio November 5, 2017 (2017-11-05) 5.92[75]
74
6 "Loophole" Maggie Greenwald Moira Kirland November 12, 2017 (2017-11-12) 6.63[76]
75
7 "North to the Future" Sunu Gonera Kristi Korzec November 19, 2017 (2017-11-19) 5.86[77]
76
8 "The Fourth Estate" Sam Hoffman Matt Chester November 26, 2017 (2017-11-26) 5.82[78]
77
9 "Minefield" Rob Greenlea Matt Ward December 10, 2017 (2017-12-10) 6.45[79]
78
10 "Women Transform the World" Eric Stoltz Lyla Oliver December 17, 2017 (2017-12-17) 5.53[80]
79
11 "Mitya" Geoffrey Arend Alexander Maggio January 7, 2018 (2018-01-07) 6.11[81]
80
12 "Sound and Fury" Debbie Reinsich Barbara Hall & David Grae January 14, 2018 (2018-01-14) 7.25[82]
81
13 "Reading the Signs"[83] Phil Bertelsen Moira Kirland March 11, 2018 (2018-03-11) TBD
82
14 "Refuge"[84] Eric Stoltz Kristi Korzec March 18, 2018 (2018-03-18) TBD
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 23, 2017). "CBS Renews 5 Freshman & 11 Returning Series, Including 'MacGyver', 'Superior Donuts', 'Life In Pieces' & 'Hawaii Five-O'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved March 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (June 1, 2017). "CBS Sets Fall 2017 Premiere Dates For 'Young Sheldon', '9 JKL' & Returning Series". Deadline.com. Retrieved June 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (September 23, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Good Wife' & 'American Dad' Adjusted Up; '60 Minutes' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on September 24, 2014. Retrieved September 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (September 30, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Once Upon A Time', 'Resurrection' & 'Revenge' Adjusted Up; 'CSI' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 1, 2014. Retrieved October 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (October 7, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Once Upon a Time', 'Resurrection' & 'Revenge' Adjusted Up; 'Madam Secretary' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 9, 2014. Retrieved October 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (October 14, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Once Upon A Time', 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine' & 'Resurrection' Adjusted Up; 'Madam Secretary' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 14, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (October 21, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Simpsons' & 'Madam Secretary' Adjusted Up; 'Mulaney' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 23, 2014. Retrieved October 21, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (October 28, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Once Upon A Time' & 'The Good Wife' Adjusted Up; '60 Minutes' Adjusted Down & Final Sports Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 28, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (November 4, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Good Wife', 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine', 'Once Upon a Time' & '60 Minutes' Adjusted Up + Final Football Ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (November 11, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Simpsons' & 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 11, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (November 18, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Simpsons' & 'America's Funniest Home Videos' Adjusted Up + Final Football Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 18, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (November 25, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Madam Secretary', 'The Simpsons', '60 Minutes' & 'America's Funniest Home Videos' Adjusted Down & Final Football Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 25, 2014.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (December 3, 2014). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'America's Funniest Home Videos', Resurrection' & 'Once Upon a Time' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 3, 2014.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (January 7, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Simpsons', 'Madam Secretary', 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine', 'The Celebrity Apprentice', 'Bob's Burgers' & 'CSI' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (January 13, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Good Wife' Adjusted Up + Final Ratings for The Golden Globe Awards & NFL". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (March 3, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Last Man on Earth' & 'Dateline' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (March 10, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Last Man on Earth', 'Bob's Burgers', 'Family Guy', 'Brooklyn Nine-Nine' & 'Revenge' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (March 17, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Last Man in Earth', 'Secrets & Lies', 'Battle Creek' & '60 Minutes' Adjusted Up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (March 24, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'The Last Man on Earth' & 'Once Upon a Time' Adjusted Up; '60 Minutes' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (March 31, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Madam Secretary', 'The Good Wife' & '60 Minutes' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 31, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (April 7, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: '60 Minutes' Adjusted Up; 'American Odyssey' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 14, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'America's Funniest Home Videos' Adjusted Up; 'Madam Secretary', 'The Good Wife' & '60 Minutes' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bibel, Sara (April 28, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Family Guy' Adjusted Up; No Adjustments to 'Once Upon A Time'". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kondolojy, Amanda (May 5, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Family Guy' & 'Secrets and Lies' Adjusted Up'". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 6, 2015). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Blood & Oil', 'The Simpsons' Adjusted Up; 'Madam Secretary' Adjusted Down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 13, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'The Good Wife' and 'Last Man on Earth' adjusted up, plus final NFL numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 20, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'The Good Wife', 'Madam Secretary' and 'The Simpsons' adjusted up, plus Final NFL Numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 27, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'The Simpsons', 'The Good Wife' and 'Last Man on Earth' adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Archived from the original on October 28, 2015. Retrieved October 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 3, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'CSI: Cyber' adjusts down, NFL and World Series rule". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 10, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'Family Guy' and 'Once Upon a Time' adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 17, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'Madam Secretary' adjusts up, 'CSI: Cyber' rises vs. last week". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 17, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 24, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: AMAs and scripted shows steady, plus final NFL numbers". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 2, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'Madam Secretary' and '60 Minutes' adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 15, 2015). "Sunday final ratings: 'Blood & Oil' finale adjusts up (not that it matters)". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 12, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Simpsons' still at a season high after adjustment". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 20, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'The Good Wife' and 'Family Guy' adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 2, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Grease Live' and others unchanged". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 2, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 17, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Bachelor' special and 'Cooper Barrett' adjust up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 23, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Shark Tank' adjusts down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 8, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Madam Secretary' adjusts down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 22, 2016). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Madam Secretary,' 'Carmichael Show' and '60 Minutes' adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 29, 2016). "Sunday Final Ratings: '60 Minutes' adjusts up, everything else holds". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 12, 2016). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Once Upon a Time,' 'Simpsons,' 'Quantico' adjust up, 'Carmichael' and 'Crowded' adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 19, 2016). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Once Upon a Time,' 'The Good Wife' adjust up, 'Little Big Shots' and 'Crowded' adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 19, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 26, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Once Upon a Time', 'Simpsons' and all others hold". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 3, 2016). "Sunday Final Ratings: 'Little Big Shots' adjusts up, 'Carmichael,' 'Crowded' and ACC Awards adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 10, 2016). "Sunday final ratings: 'Good Wife' finale adjusts up, 'Once Upon a Time' and 'Carmichael Show' adjust down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 4, 2016). "'Family Guy' adjusts up, final NFL numbers: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 18, 2016). "'NCIS: LA' adjusts up, 'Simpsons' adjusts down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 18, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 25, 2016). "'Bob's Burgers' and 'The Simpsons' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 1, 2016). "Series lows for 'Once Upon a Time,' 'Madam Secretary' and more: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 8, 2016). "'NCIS: LA' and 'Madam Secretary' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 15, 2016). "'60 Minutes' adjusts up, 'NCIS: LA' and 'Madam Secretary' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 22, 2016). "'Family Guy' and 'Bob's Burgers' adjust up, 'NCIS: LA' and 'Elementary' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 30, 2016). "'NCIS: Los Angeles,' 'Madam Secretary' and '60 Minutes' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 13, 2016). "'Simpsons,' 'Son of Zorn,' 'Last Man on Earth' and '60 Minutes' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 13, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 20, 2016). "'Elementary' and '60 Minutes' adjust down, full NFL numbers: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 10, 2017). "'The Simpsons' and FOX adjust down, still above average: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 18, 2017). "'The Simpsons,' many others adjust down, final NFL numbers: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 31, 2017). "'NCIS: Los Angeles' and 'To Tell the Truth' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 7, 2017). "'NCIS: LA' and 'Time After Time' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 16, 2017). "'American Crime' premieres low, 'Chicago Justice' fairly steady: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 21, 2017). "'Little Big Shots' adjusts up, 'NCIS: LA' adjusts down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 28, 2017). "'Family Guy' and 'America's Funniest Home Videos' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 11, 2017). "'Chicago Justice,' 'Madam Secretary' and '60 Minutes' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 25, 2017). "'Little Big Shots,' 'Bob's Burgers,' 'Last Man on Earth,' 'AFV' all adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 2, 2017). "'Chicago Justice,' 'America's Funniest Home Videos' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 9, 2017). "'The Simpsons', 'NCIS: LA' and other originals unchanged: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 16, 2017). "'NCIS: Los Angeles' finale adjusts up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 23, 2017). "'Bob's Burgers' and 'Family Guy' finales adjust up, 'AFV' adjusts down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 10, 2017). "NFL adjusts up, all others unchanged: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 17, 2017). "'Madam Secretary' and 'Wisdom of the Crowd' adjust down, '60 Minutes, 'AFV' and NFL up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 24, 2017). "'NCIS: LA' and 'Shark Tank' adjust up, 'Madam Secretary' adjusts down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (October 31, 2017). "'Wisdom of the Crowd,' '60 Minutes' adjust down, final World Series & NFL numbers: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 7, 2017). "'Family Guy,' '60 Minutes' adjust up, 'Bob's Burgers' and 'Madam Secretary' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 14, 2017). "'Wisdom of the Crowd' adjusts down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 21, 2017). "'Sunday Night Football' adjusts up, '60 Minutes' and 'Madam Secretary' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 29, 2017). "'NCIS: LA,' '60 Minutes' and 'Sunday Night Football' adjust up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 12, 2017). "'Bob's Burgers,' 'The Simpsons' and '60 Minutes' adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 19, 2017). "'Wisdom of the Crowd' and '60 Minutes' adjust down, NFL up: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 9, 2018). "'Shark Tank' adjusts up, 'Simpsons,' 'Ghosted,' Golden Globes arrivals down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 17, 2018). "'NCIS: LA' and 'Family Guy' adjust up, other FOX shows adjust down: Sunday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter. "(#MS413) "Reading the Signs"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved February 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ "(#MS414) "Refuge"". The Futon Critic. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
Madam Secretary on IMDb
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