text:
2018 College Football Playoff National Championship
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
2018 College Football Playoff National Championship
Alabama Crimson Tide Georgia Bulldogs
(12–1) (13–1)
SEC SEC
26 23
Head coach:
Nick Saban Head coach:
Kirby Smart
AP Coaches CFP
4 4 4
AP Coaches CFP
3 3 3
1
2
3
4
OT
Total
Alabama 0 0 10 10 6 26
Georgia 0 13 7 0 3 23
Date
January 8, 2018
Season
2017
Stadium
Mercedes-Benz Stadium
Location
Atlanta, Georgia
MVP
Offensive: #13 QB Tua Tagovailoa, Fr. Alabama
Defensive: #94 DT Da'Ron Payne, Jr. Alabama
Favorite
Alabama by 3.5
National anthem
Zac Brown Band
Referee
Dan Capron (Big Ten)[1]
Halftime show
Georgia Redcoat Marching Band
Million Dollar Band
Attendance
77,430
United States TV coverage
Network
ESPN/ESPN Radio/ESPN Deportes
Announcers
Chris Fowler, Kirk Herbstreit, Maria Taylor and Tom Rinaldi (ESPN)
Sean McDonough, Todd Blackledge, Holly Rowe and Ian Fitzsimmons (ESPN Radio)
College Football Playoff National Championship
< 2017 2019 >
The 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship was a college football bowl game that determined the national champion in the NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision for the 2017 season. The Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Georgia Bulldogs 26–23 in overtime. Alabama overcame a 13–0 deficit at halftime. Tua Tagovailoa and Da'Ron Payne were respectively named the offensive and defensive players of the game.
The College Football Playoff selection committee chose the semifinalists following the conclusion of the 2017 regular season. Alabama and Georgia advanced to the national championship after winning the semifinal games hosted by the Sugar Bowl and the Rose Bowl, respectively, on January 1, 2018. The championship game was played at Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia on January 8, 2018.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 2018 College Football Playoff
3 Teams
3.1 Alabama
3.2 Georgia
4 Game summary
4.1 Scoring summary
4.2 Statistics
5 Broadcasting
6 Dispute
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Background[edit]
The 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship took place at Mercedes-Benz Stadium
The Mercedes-Benz Stadium in Atlanta, Georgia was announced as the host site for the fourth College Football National Championship on November 4, 2015.[2]
2018 College Football Playoff[edit]
Semifinals Championship
January 1 – Sugar Bowl
Mercedes-Benz Superdome, New Orleans
1 Clemson 6
4 Alabama 24 January 8 – National Championship
Mercedes-Benz Stadium, Atlanta
4 Alabama (OT) 26
January 1 – Rose Bowl
Rose Bowl, Pasadena 3 Georgia 23
2 Oklahoma 48
3 Georgia (2OT) 54
This bracket:
view
talk
edit

The College Football Playoff (CFP) selected four teams to advance to the playoff: the Clemson Tigers, Oklahoma Sooners, Georgia Bulldogs, and Alabama Crimson Tide.[3]
Teams[edit]
Alabama[edit]
See also: 2017 Alabama Crimson Tide football team
The Alabama Crimson Tide defeated the Clemson Tigers in the 2018 Sugar Bowl by a score of 24–6 to reach the championship game. The Tide had a 12–1 season, becoming the SEC West Division co-champions with the Auburn Tigers. The Crimson Tide were coached by Nick Saban.[4]
Georgia[edit]
See also: 2017 Georgia Bulldogs football team
The Georgia Bulldogs defeated the Oklahoma Sooners in the 2018 Rose Bowl by a score of 54–48 in double overtime to reach the championship game. The Bulldogs had a 13–1 season claiming their 13th Southeastern Conference (SEC) championship with a win over Auburn Tigers, 28–7. The Bulldogs were coached by Kirby Smart.[5]
Game summary[edit]
After winning the coin toss, Alabama deferred to the second half and Georgia received the ball to begin the game. After two plays, quarterback Jake Fromm attempted a pass downfield and was intercepted by Tony Brown. Alabama began their first drive of the game, and, after eleven plays, that drive ended with kicker Andy Pappanastos missing a 40-yard field goal. The teams each had three-and-outs for the game's first two punts. During Georgia's ensuing drive, the quarter ended, with no score.[6]
After a failed third down conversion, on the second play of the second quarter, Georgia kicker Rodrigo Blankenship hit a 41-yard field goal to open the scoring and put Georgia in the lead by three. Alabama's ensuing drive went nowhere, as they gained four yards on three plays and punted. Georgia took the ball and drove down the field, and found themselves with a first and goal at the Alabama 10-yard-line; the Tide defense held, however, and the Bulldogs settled for a second field goal and took a 6–0 lead with just over seven and a half minutes until half. On Alabama's next drive, the Georgia defense held yet again and Alabama's JK Scott punted for the third time. Just prior to the punt, Georgia wide receiver Javon Wims was shown walking to the locker room, reportedly with a left shoulder injury. Both defenses then forced punts, and Georgia took back over with 1:19 remaining in the half on their own 31-yard-line. Nine plays later, on Alabama's 1-yard-line, Mecole Hardman took a direct snap, faked a handoff, and ran into the end zone for the game's first touchdown, putting Georgia up 13–0 going into halftime.[6]
Because they deferred the coin toss, Alabama received the ball first in the second half. They started their drive on their own 22-yard-line. Tua Tagovailoa, Alabama's backup quarterback, started the second half for the Tide; that drive quickly resulted in a three-and-out. The initial punt was blocked, but an offside call gave the Tide another chance to punt. Georgia started their drive on their own 36-yard-line, but punted on 4th & 17. Alabama took over on their own 44-yard-line.[6] The teams then traded touchdowns on consecutive drives; Alabama scored their first points of the game on a 6-yard pass from Tagovailoa to Ruggs, but Georgia immediately responded with an 80-yard touchdown connection from Fromm to Mecole Hardman, putting Georgia up 20–7. On the second play of Alabama's ensuing drive, Tagovailoa, while scrambling to the left, threw into traffic and was intercepted by Georgia's Deandre Baker. Up 13, the Bulldogs took over possession of the ball on Alabama's 39-yard-line. The Tide defense responded immediately, however, as Raekwon Davis intercepted a Jake Fromm pass on the first play of Georgia's drive, returning the pick to the UGA 40-yard-line. The Tide gained fifteen yards on six plays and kicker Andy Pappanastos avenged his earlier miss with a 43-yard field goal that put Bama within ten. The teams then traded punts. Just prior to Alabama's punt, it was announced that an Alabama defensive back, Kyriq McDonald, had collapsed on the sideline; the situation was described as a "serious medical emergency". He was loaded onto a medical stretcher awake and conscious. Georgia could not muster anything on offense that drive, and punted. The fourth quarter saw Tagovailoa lead the Tide to come back and tie the game at 20 with 3:49. With three seconds remaining in the game, Andy Pappanastos missed a potential game-winning 36-yard field goal to the left, sending the game to overtime.[6]
In overtime, Georgia scored on a 51-yard field goal. On Alabama's first offensive play in overtime, Tagovailoa was sacked for a 16-yard loss, but immediately followed that with a game-winning 41-yard touchdown pass to DeVonta Smith.[6] Tagovailoa was named the offensive player of the game, and Da'Ron Payne was named the defensive player of the game.[7]
Scoring summary[edit]
[hide]Scoring summary
Quarter
Time
Drive
Team
Scoring information
Score
Plays
Yards
TOP
Alabama
Georgia
2 14:14 14 55 7:40 Georgia 41-yard field goal by Rodrigo Blankenship 0 3
2 7:33 13 70 5:19 Georgia 27-yard field goal by Rodrigo Blankenship 0 6
2 0:07 9 69 1:12 Georgia Mecole Hardman 1-yard touchdown run, Rodrigo Blankenship kick good 0 13
3 8:52 7 56 1:59 Alabama Henry Ruggs III 6-yard touchdown reception from Tua Tagovailoa, Andy Pappanastos kick good 7 13
3 6:52 4 93 1:55 Georgia Mecole Hardman 80-yard touchdown reception from Jake Fromm, Rodrigo Blankenship kick good 7 20
3 5:20 6 15 1:06 Alabama 43-yard field goal by Andy Pappanastos 10 20
4 9:24 8 71 2:15 Alabama 30-yard field goal by Andy Pappanastos 13 20
4 3:49 8 66 3:21 Alabama Calvin Ridley 7-yard touchdown reception from Tua Tagovailoa, Andy Pappanastos kick good 20 20
OT 4 -9 Georgia 51-yard field goal by Rodrigo Blankenship 20 23
OT 2 25 Alabama DeVonta Smith 41-yard touchdown reception from Tua Tagovailoa 26 23
"TOP" = time of possession. For other American football terms, see Glossary of American football.
26
23
Statistics[edit]
1
2
3
4
OT
Total
No. 4 Crimson Tide 0 0 10 10 6 26
No. 3 Bulldogs 0 13 7 0 3 23
Statistics
Alabama
Georgia
First downs 20 22
Plays–yards 71–371 77–365
Rushes–yards 39–184 45–133
Passing yards 187 232
Passing: Comp–Att–Int 17–32–1 16–32–2
Time of possession 26:17 33:43
Sources: ESPN, StatBroadcast
Team
Category
Player
Statistics
Alabama Passing Tua Tagovailoa 14/24, 166 yds, 3 TD, 1 INT
Rushing Najee Harris 6 car, 64 yds
Receiving Calvin Ridley 4 rec, 32 yds, 1 TD
Georgia Passing Jake Fromm 16/32, 232 yds, 1 TD, 2 INT
Rushing Sony Michel 14 car, 98 yds
Receiving Riley Ridley 6 rec, 82 yds
Sources: ESPN, StatBroadcast
Broadcasting[edit]
The game was televised nationally by ESPN. On January 8, 2018, the network announced that its broadcast would feature a live performance by Kendrick Lamar during halftime. This performance was separate from the event proper at Mercedes-Benz Stadium (which featured a traditional halftime show with the marching bands of the participating teams), and originated from Centennial Olympic Park.[8]
Dispute[edit]
Following an undefeated season in the American Athletic Conference and their victory over the Auburn Tigers in the 2018 Peach Bowl, the UCF Knights claimed the national championship by virtue of being the only undefeated team in the FBS level of college football.[9] [3] UCF held a victory parade at Disney World[10] and hung a national championship banner at their stadium to celebrate this achievement.[11] The school also paid national championship bonuses to all of its assistant coaches, many of whom left UCF after the Peach Bowl to follow head coach Scott Frost to his new head coaching job at Nebraska; Frost himself (who coached UCF in the game) did not receive such a bonus because he had already been paid all of the bonuses allowed by his UCF contract.[12]
The selection committee controversially ranked undefeated UCF 12th at the end of the regular season, below a number of two-loss teams from the Power Five conferences, which left them out of the CFP. The AP Poll ranked Alabama No. 1 in its final poll, receiving 57 first-place votes, while UCF was ranked No. 6 and received four first-place votes — the first time in the CFP era that the AP poll did not have a unanimous No. 1 team.[13] Additionally, the Knights finished the 2017 football season as the No. 1 team in the Colley Bias Free Matrix Rankings. The Colley Matrix is recognized by the NCAA in its list of “national champion major selections.” [14]
See also[edit]
College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kirshner, Alex (January 8, 2018). "A Big Ten officiating crew is working the all-SEC National Championship". sbnation.com. SB Nation. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ Alex Scarbrough (November 4, 2015). "Atlanta, Santa Clara and New Orleans land CFP title games for 2018–20". ESPN.com. Retrieved November 4, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Selection Committee Rankings: Final Top 25 Rankings" (PDF). College Football Playoff. December 3, 2017. Retrieved December 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Alabama's Sugar Bowl win against Clemson sets up all-SEC final: Final score, stats, analysis". nola.com. January 1, 2018. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
Jump up ^ Emerson, Seth (January 1, 2018). "Georgia to play for national championship after Rose Bowl win in 2 OT". ajc.com. Retrieved January 2, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Hoffman, Benjamin; Drape, Joe; Tracy, Marc (January 8, 2018). "National Championship Game: Georgia vs. Alabama Live Score". The New York Times. Retrieved January 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ Perez, A.J. (January 9, 2018). "CFP players of the game: Alabama's Tua Tagovailoa and Da'Ron Payne". USA Today. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Kendrick Lamar to Perform at College Football Playoff Title Game". Billboard. Retrieved December 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Baker, Matt (January 3, 2018). "UCF is really claiming a national championship". tampabay.com. Retrieved January 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ Rollins, Khadrice (January 2, 2018). "UCF Is Having a Parade at Disney World for National Championship Caliber Season". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Gartland, Dan (January 3, 2018). "UCF Is Hanging a National Championship Banner at Its Stadium". Sports Illustrated. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Chavez, Chris (January 3, 2018). "UCF AD Says Coaches Will Be Paid National Championship Bonuses". SI.com. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ September 1, 2018 (January 9, 2018). "Alabama is No. 1 in final AP poll for 11th time; UCF 6th". Msn.com. Retrieved January 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ Roger Simmons (January 9, 2018). "National champions: UCF Knights finish season ranked No. 1 in Colley Matrix". orlandosentinel.com. Retrieved February 14, 2018.
External links[edit]
Media related to 2018 College Football Playoff National Championship at Wikimedia Commons
[show]
v
t
e
College Football Playoff
Championships
Overview
College Football Playoff National Championship
Games
2014–15
2015–16
2016–17
2017–18
2018–19
2019–20
2020–21
Semifinal Bowls
Rose
2014 (Jan 2015)
2017 (Jan 2018)
2020 (Jan 2021)
Sugar
2014 (Jan 2015)
2017 (Jan 2018)
2020 (Jan 2021)
Orange
2015 (Dec 2015)
2018 (Dec 2018)
Cotton
2015 (Dec 2015)
2018 (Dec 2018)
Peach
2016 (Dec 2016)
2019 (Dec 2019)
Fiesta
2016 (Dec 2016)
2019 (Dec 2019)
Other
List of College Football Playoff games
New Year's Six
College Football Playoff National Championship Trophy
NCAA Division I FBS champions
Mythical national championship
Plus-One system
Power Five conferences
Championship games for each season are played in January, while semifinal games are identified by season year, alternating between December and January
[show]
Links to related articles
[show]
v
t
e
2017–18 NCAA football bowl game season
New Mexico (Dec. 16)
Las Vegas (Dec. 16)
Camellia (Dec. 16)
Cure (Dec. 16)
New Orleans (Dec. 16)
Boca Raton (Dec. 19)
Frisco (Dec. 20)
Gasparilla (Dec. 21)
Famous Idaho Potato (Dec. 22)
Bahamas (Dec. 22)
Armed Forces (Dec. 23)
Birmingham (Dec. 23)
Dollar General (Dec. 23)
Hawaii (Dec. 24)
Quick Lane (Dec. 26)
Heart of Dallas (Dec. 26)
Cactus (Dec. 26)
Independence (Dec. 27)
Pinstripe (Dec. 27)
Texas (Dec. 27)
Foster Farms (Dec. 27)
Military (Dec. 28)
Camping World (Dec. 28)
Alamo (Dec. 28)
Holiday (Dec. 28)
Belk (Dec. 29)
Cotton (Dec. 29)
Sun (Dec. 29)
Music City (Dec. 29)
Arizona (Dec. 29)
Fiesta (Dec. 30)
Liberty (Dec. 30)
Orange (Dec. 30)
TaxSlayer (Dec. 30)
Citrus (Jan. 1)
Outback (Jan. 1)
Peach (Jan. 1)
College Football Playoff games: Rose (semifinal) (Jan. 1)
Sugar (semifinal) (Jan. 1)
National Championship Game (Jan. 8)
All-Star Games
East–West Shrine Game (Jan. 20)
NFLPA Collegiate Bowl (Jan. 20)
Senior Bowl (Jan. 27)
[show]
v
t
e
NCAA Football Championship Games
Division I
FBS
2007*
2008*
2009*
2010*
2011*
2012*
2013*
2014*
2015*
2016*
2017*
2018*
2019*
I-A
1993*
1994*
1995*
1996*
1997*
1998*
1999*
2000*
2001*
2002*
2003*
2004*
2005*
2006*
FCS
2006
2007
2008
2009
2011*
2012*
2013*
2014*
2015*
2016*
2017*
2018*
2019*
I-AA
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Division II
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Division III
1973
1974
1975
1976
1977
1978
1979
1980
1981
1982
1983
1984
1985
1986
1987
1988
1989
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2014
2015
2016
2017
2018
Games played in January are denoted by an asterisk
[show]
v
t
e
Alabama Crimson Tide bowl games
1926 Rose Bowl
1927 Rose Bowl
1931 Rose Bowl
1935 Rose Bowl
1938 Rose Bowl
1942 Cotton Bowl Classic
1943 Orange Bowl
1945 Sugar Bowl
1946 Rose Bowl
1948 Sugar Bowl
1953 Orange Bowl
1954 Cotton Bowl Classic
1959 Liberty Bowl
1960 Bluebonnet Bowl
1962 Sugar Bowl
1963 Orange Bowl
1964 Sugar Bowl
1965 Orange Bowl
1966 Orange Bowl
1967 Sugar Bowl
1968 Cotton Bowl Classic
1968 Gator Bowl
1969 Liberty Bowl
1970 Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl
1972 Orange Bowl
1973 Cotton Bowl Classic
1973 Sugar Bowl
1975 Orange Bowl
1975 Sugar Bowl
1976 Liberty Bowl
1978 Sugar Bowl
1979 Sugar Bowl
1980 Sugar Bowl
1981 Cotton Bowl Classic
1982 Cotton Bowl Classic
1982 Liberty Bowl
1983 Sun Bowl
1985 Aloha Bowl
1986 Sun Bowl
1988 Hall of Fame Bowl
1988 Sun Bowl
1990 Sugar Bowl
1991 Fiesta Bowl
1991 Blockbuster Bowl
1993 Sugar Bowl #
1993 Gator Bowl
1995 Florida Citrus Bowl
1997 Outback Bowl
1998 Music City Bowl
2000 Orange Bowl
2001 Independence Bowl
2004 Music City Bowl
2006 Cotton Bowl Classic
2006 Independence Bowl
2007 Independence Bowl
2009 Sugar Bowl
2010 BCS National Championship Game #
2011 Capital One Bowl
2012 BCS National Championship Game #
2013 BCS National Championship Game #
2014 Sugar Bowl
2015 Sugar Bowl /
2015 Cotton Bowl Classic (Dec) /
2016 College Football Playoff National Championship #
2016 Peach Bowl /
2017 College Football Playoff National Championship #
2018 Sugar Bowl /
2018 College Football Playoff National Championship #
# denotes national championship game · / denotes College Football Playoff semifinal game
[show]
v
t
e
Georgia Bulldogs bowl games
1942 Orange Bowl
1943 Rose Bowl
1946 Oil Bowl
1947 Sugar Bowl
1948 Gator Bowl
1949 Orange Bowl
1950 Presidential Cup
1960 Orange Bowl
1964 Sun Bowl
1966 Cotton Bowl Classic
1967 Liberty Bowl
1969 Sugar Bowl
1969 Sun Bowl
1971 Gator Bowl
1973 Peach Bowl
1974 Tangerine Bowl
1976 Cotton Bowl Classic
1977 Sugar Bowl
1978 Astro-Bluebonnet Bowl
1981 Sugar Bowl
1982 Sugar Bowl
1983 Sugar Bowl
1984 Cotton Bowl Classic
1984 Florida Citrus Bowl
1985 Sun Bowl
1986 Hall of Fame Bowl
1987 Liberty Bowl
1989 Gator Bowl
1989 Peach Bowl
1991 Independence Bowl
1993 Florida Citrus Bowl
1995 Peach Bowl
1998 Outback Bowl
1998 Peach Bowl
2000 Outback Bowl
2000 Oahu Bowl
2001 Music City Bowl
2003 Sugar Bowl
2004 Capital One Bowl
2005 Outback Bowl
2006 Sugar Bowl
2006 Chick-fil-A Bowl
2008 Sugar Bowl
2009 Capital One Bowl
2009 Independence Bowl
2010 Liberty Bowl
2012 Outback Bowl
2013 Capital One Bowl
2014 Gator Bowl
2014 Belk Bowl
2016 TaxSlayer Bowl
2016 Liberty Bowl
2018 Rose Bowl /
2018 College Football Playoff National Championship #
# denotes national championship game · / denotes College Football Playoff semifinal game
[show]
v
t
e
2017–18 NCAA Division I championships
Baseball
Men's basketball
Women's basketball
Beach volleyball
Bowling
Cross country
Fencing
Field hockey
Football (FBS) †
Football (FCS)
Men's golf
Women's golf
Men's gymnastics
Women's gymnastics
Men's ice hockey
Women's ice hockey
Indoor track and field
Men's lacrosse
Women's lacrosse
Outdoor track and field
Rifle
Rowing
Skiing
Men's soccer
Women's soccer
Softball
Men's swimming and diving
Women's swimming and diving
Tennis
Men's volleyball
Women's volleyball
Men's water polo
Women's water polo
Wrestling
† Not an officially sanctioned NCAA championship
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=2018_College_Football_Playoff_National_Championship&oldid=833119359"
Categories:
2017–18 NCAA football bowl games
2017–18 College Football Playoff
2018 in sports in Georgia (U.S. state)
Sports competitions in Atlanta
American football in Georgia (U.S. state)
2010s in Atlanta
Alabama Crimson Tide football bowl games
Georgia Bulldogs football bowl games
January 2018 sports events in the United States
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from January 2018
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Français
Edit links
This page was last edited on 29 March 2018, at 19:26.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

value: i

values: font-size:300%; line-height:100%; text-align:center; font-weight:bold;

values: 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football rankings

values: margin:0 auto; font-size:110%; border:1px solid #AAA; background:#EFEFEF;

values: text-align:center; width: 20px; vertical-align: bottom

values: 2017 NCAA Division I FBS football season

values: List of announcers of major college bowl games

values: College Football Playoff National Championship (game)

values: 2017 College Football Playoff National Championship

values: 2019 College Football Playoff National Championship

values: College football national championships in NCAA Division I FBS

values: NCAA Division I Football Bowl Subdivision

values: Edit section: 2018 College Football Playoff

values: text-align:center;border-width:0 0 2px 0; border-style:solid;border-color:black;

values: text-align:center;border-width:2px 2px 2px 0; border-style:solid;border-color:black;

values: text-align:center;border-width:2px 0 0 0; border-style:solid;border-color:black;

values: Template talk:2018 College Football Playoff

values:
/wiki/Time_of_possession
mw-redirect
Time of possession

values: font-size:95%; width:100%; margin:auto; text-align:center;

values: margin:auto; background:none; width:100%; border:none;

values: commons:Category:2018 College Football Playoff National Championship

values:
collapseButton1
#
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values: background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF; -moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C9910D, inset -2px -2px 0 #C9910D; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C9910D, inset -2px -2px 0 #C9910D; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C9910D, inset -2px -2px 0 #C9910D;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;

values: Template:College Football Playoff navbox

values: Template talk:College Football Playoff navbox

values: background:#000000; color:#FFFFFF; -moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C9910D, inset -2px -2px 0 #C9910D; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C9910D, inset -2px -2px 0 #C9910D; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #C9910D, inset -2px -2px 0 #C9910D;;width:1%

values: College Football Playoff National Championship

values: 2015 College Football Playoff National Championship

values: 2016 College Football Playoff National Championship

values: College Football Playoff National Championship Trophy

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
collapseButton3
#
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
collapseButton4
#
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values: Template:NCAA College Football Championship Games navbox

values: Template talk:NCAA College Football Championship Games navbox

values: color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration: inherit; -moz-text-decoration-color: #FFFFFF; text-decoration-color: #FFFFFF;

values: 2006 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2007 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2008 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2009 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2010 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2011 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2012 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2013 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2014 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2015 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2016 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Football Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1979 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1980 Camellia Bowl (page does not exist)

values: 1983 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1984 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1985 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1986 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1987 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1988 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1989 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1990 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1991 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1992 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1993 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1994 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1995 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1996 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1997 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1998 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1999 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2000 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2001 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2002 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2003 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2004 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2005 NCAA Division I-AA Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1974 Camellia Bowl (page does not exist)

values: 1975 Camellia Bowl (page does not exist)

values: 1978 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1979 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1980 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1981 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1982 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1983 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1984 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1985 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1986 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1987 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1988 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1989 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1990 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1991 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1992 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1993 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1994 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1995 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1996 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1997 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1998 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1999 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2000 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2001 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2002 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2003 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2004 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2005 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2006 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2007 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2008 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game

values: 2009 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game

values: 2010 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2011 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2012 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2013 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2014 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2015 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2016 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division II Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1973 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1974 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1975 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1976 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1977 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1978 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1979 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1980 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1981 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1982 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1983 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1984 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1985 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1986 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1987 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1988 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1989 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1990 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1991 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1992 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1993 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1994 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1995 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1996 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1997 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1998 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 1999 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2000 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2001 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2002 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2003 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2004 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2005 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2006 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2007 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2008 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2009 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2010 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2011 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2012 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2013 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2014 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2015 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2016 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division III Football National Championship Game (page does not exist)

values: Template:Alabama Crimson Tide bowl game navbox

values: Template talk:Alabama Crimson Tide bowl game navbox

values:
collapseButton6
#
color: rgb(255, 255, 255);

values: background-color:#BA0C2F;color:#FFFFFF;-moz-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29; -webkit-box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29; box-shadow: inset 2px 2px 0 #2C2A29, inset -2px -2px 0 #2C2A29;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;

values: Template:Georgia Bulldogs bowl game navbox

values: Template talk:Georgia Bulldogs bowl game navbox

values: Template:2017–18 NCAA Division I championships navbox

values: Template talk:2017–18 NCAA Division I championships navbox

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Baseball Tournament

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Basketball Tournament

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Basketball Tournament

values: 2018 NCAA Beach Volleyball Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Bowling Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division I Cross Country Championships

values: 2018 NCAA Fencing Championships (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division I Field Hockey Championship

values: 2017 NCAA Division I FCS football season

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Golf Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Golf Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Men's Gymnastics championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Women's Gymnastics championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Ice Hockey Tournament

values: 2018 NCAA National Collegiate Women's Ice Hockey Tournament

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Indoor Track and Field Championships

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Lacrosse Championship

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Lacrosse Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Outdoor Track and Field Championships (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Rifle Championships (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Rowing Championships (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Skiing Championships (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division I Men's Soccer Championship

values: 2017 NCAA Division I Women's Soccer Tournament

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Softball Tournament (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Men's Swimming and Diving Championships

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Women's Swimming and Diving Championships

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Tennis Championships (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Tournament (page does not exist)

values: 2017 NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Tournament

values: 2017 NCAA Men's Water Polo Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Women's Water Polo Championship (page does not exist)

values: 2018 NCAA Division I Wrestling Championships (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:2017–18 NCAA football bowl games

values: Category:2017–18 College Football Playoff

values: Category:2018 in sports in Georgia (U.S. state)

values: Category:American football in Georgia (U.S. state)

values: Category:Alabama Crimson Tide football bowl games

values: Category:Georgia Bulldogs football bowl games

values: Category:January 2018 sports events in the United States

values: Category:Use mdy dates from January 2018

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: College Football Championship Game 2018 – French

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-2018_College_Football_Playoff_National_Championship rootpage-2018_College_Football_Playoff_National_Championship skin-vector action-view


text:
Quinidine
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Not to be confused with quinine or quifenadine.
Quinidine
Clinical data
Trade names
Quinaglute, Quinidex
Synonyms
(2-Ethenyl-4-azabicyclo[2.2.2]oct-5-yl)-(6-methoxyquinolin-4-yl)-methanol
AHFS/Drugs.com
Monograph
Pregnancy
category
AU: C
US: C (Risk not ruled out)
Routes of
administration
By mouth, intramuscular injection, intravenous
ATC code
C01BA01 (WHO)
Legal status
Legal status
AU: S4 (Prescription only)
CA: ℞-only
UK: POM (Prescription only)
US: ℞-only
Pharmacokinetic data
Bioavailability
70–85%
Metabolism
50–90% (by liver)
Biological half-life
6–8 hours
Excretion
By the liver (20% as unchanged quinidine via urine)
Identifiers
IUPAC name[show]
(S)-(6-Methoxyquinolin-4-yl)[(1S,2R,4S,5R)-5-vinylquinuclidin-2-yl]methanol
CAS Number
56-54-2 Y
PubChem CID
441074
IUPHAR/BPS
2342
DrugBank
DB00908 Y
ChemSpider
389880 Y
UNII
ITX08688JL
KEGG
D08458 N
ChEBI
CHEBI:28593 Y
ChEMBL
CHEMBL97 N
ECHA InfoCard
100.000.254
Chemical and physical data
Formula
C20H24N2O2
Molar mass
324.417 g/mol
3D model (JSmol)
Interactive image
SMILES[show]
O(c4cc1c(nccc1[C@H](O)[C@@H]2N3CC[C@@H](C2)[C@@H](/C=C)C3)cc4)C
InChI[show]
InChI=1S/C20H24N2O2/c1-3-13-12-22-9-7-14(13)10-19(22)20(23)16-6-8-21-18-5-4-15(24-2)11-17(16)18/h3-6,8,11,13-14,19-20,23H,1,7,9-10,12H2,2H3/t13-,14-,19+,20-/m0/s1 Y
Key:LOUPRKONTZGTKE-LHHVKLHASA-N Y
N Y (what is this?) (verify)
Quinidine is a pharmaceutical agent that acts as a class I antiarrhythmic agent (Ia) in the heart.[1] It is a stereoisomer of quinine, originally derived from the bark of the cinchona tree. The drug causes increased action potential duration, as well as a prolonged QT interval.
Contents
[hide]
1 Medical uses
1.1 Other uses
2 Side effects
3 Pharmacology
3.1 Pharmacodynamics
3.1.1 Mechanism of action
3.2 Pharmacokinetics
3.2.1 Elimination
4 History
5 Chemistry
6 Veterinary use
7 References
8 External links
Medical uses[edit]
Quinidine is used as a class I antiarrhythmic agent, that is, to prevent ventricular arrhythmias.[1] It is also used to maintain sinus rhythm after cardioversion of atrial fibrillation and to treat short QT syndrome.[1][2]
Other uses[edit]
A combination of dextromethorphan and quinidine has been shown to alleviate symptoms of easy laughing and crying (pseudobulbar affect) in patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and multiple sclerosis.[3] This drug is marketed as Nuedexta in the United States.
Intravenous quinidine is also indicated for treatment of Plasmodium falciparum malaria.[4] However, quinidine is not considered the first-line therapy for P. falciparum. The recommended treatments for P. falciparum malaria, according to the Toronto Notes 2008, are a combination of either quinine and doxycycline or atovaquone and proguanil (Malarone).
Side effects[edit]
Quinidine is also an inhibitor of the cytochrome P450 enzyme 2D6, and can lead to increased blood levels of lidocaine, beta blockers, opioids, and some antidepressants. Quinidine also inhibits the transport protein P-glycoprotein and so can cause some peripherally acting drugs such as loperamide to have central nervous system side effects, such as respiratory depression, if the two drugs are coadministered.[5]
Quinidine can cause thrombocytopenia, granulomatous hepatitis, myasthenia gravis, and torsades de pointes, so is not used much today. Torsades can occur after the first dose. Quinidine-induced thrombocytopenia (low platelet count) is mediated by the immune system, and may lead to thrombocytic purpura.
Quinidine intoxication can lead to a collection of symptoms collectively known as cinchonism, with tinnitus (ringing in the ears) being among the most characteristic and common symptoms of this toxicity syndrome. Quinidine toxicity can also invoke episodes of Torsades de Pointes - a rapid and dangerous ventricular rhythm.[6]
Pharmacology[edit]
Pharmacodynamics[edit]
Quinidine acts as a blocker of voltage-gated sodium channels.[7][8] Inhibition of the Nav1.5 channel is specifically involved in its antiarrhythmic effects as a class I antiarrhythmic agent.[9] Quinidine also blocks certain voltage-gated potassium channels (e.g., Kv1.4, Kv4.2, hERG, among others),[10][11] acts as an antimuscarinic and alpha-1 blocker,[12] and is an antimalarial.[9]
Mechanism of action[edit]
Like all other class I antiarrhythmic agents, quinidine primarily works by blocking the fast inward sodium current (INa). Quinidine's effect on INa is known as a 'use dependent block'. This means at higher heart rates, the block increases, while at lower heart rates, the block decreases. The effect of blocking the fast inward sodium current causes the phase 0 depolarization of the cardiac action potential to decrease (decreased Vmax).
Quinidine also blocks the slowly inactivating, tetrodotoxin-sensitive Na current, the slow inward calcium current (ICa), the rapid (IKr) and slow (IKs) components of the delayed potassium rectifier current, the inward potassium rectifier current (IKI), the ATP-sensitive potassium channel (IKATP) and Ito.
At micromolar concentrations, quinidine inhibits Na+/K+-ATPase by binding to the same receptor sites as the digitalis glycosides such as ouabain.
The effect of quinidine on the ion channels is to prolong the cardiac action potential, thereby prolonging the QT interval on the surface ECG.
Other ECG effects include a wide notched P wave, wide QRS complex, depressed ST segment, and U waves. These are the results of both slowed depolarization and repolarization.
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
Elimination[edit]
The elimination half-life of oral quinidine is 6 to 8 hours, and it is eliminated by the cytochrome P450 system in the liver. About 20% is excreted unchanged via the kidneys.
History[edit]
The effects of cinchona bark (the botanical source from which quinidine is extracted) had been commented on long before the understanding of cardiac physiology arose. Jean-Baptiste de Sénac, in his 1749 work on the anatomy, function, and diseases of the heart, had this to say,
"Long and rebellious palpitations have ceded to this febrifuge".[13]
"Of all the stomachic remedies, the one whose effects have appeared to me the most constant and the most prompt in many cases is quinquina [Peruvian bark] mixed with a little rhubarb."[14]
Sénac subsequently became physician to Louis XV of France, a counselor of the state, and superintendent of the mineral waters and medicinals in France. As a result of his influence, throughout the 19th century, quinine was used to augment digitalis therapy. It was described as das Opium des Herzens (the opium of the heart).
However, the use of quinidine to treat arrhythmia really only came into its own because a physician listened to the astute observation of one of his patients. In 1912, Karel Frederik Wenckebach saw a man with atrial fibrillation. He was a Dutch merchant, used to good order in his affairs. He would like to have good order in his heart business, also, and asked, "why there were heart specialists if they could not abolish this very disagreeable phenomenon ... he knew himself how to get rid of his attacks. As I did not believe him, he promised to come back next morning with a regular pulse, and he did."
The man had found by chance that when he took one gram of quinine during an attack, it reliably halted it in 25 minutes; otherwise it would last for two to 14 days. Wenckebach often tried quinine again, but he succeeded in only one other patient.[13]
He made passing mention of it in his book on cardiac arrhythmias published in 1914. Four years later, Walter von Frey of Berlin reported in a leading Viennese medical journal that quinidine was the most effective of the four principal cinchona alkaloids in controlling atrial arrhythmias.[15]
Chemistry[edit]
Quinidine-based ligands are used in AD-mix-β for sharpless asymmetric dihydroxylation.
Veterinary use[edit]
Quinidine sulfate is used in the treatment of atrial fibrillation in horses.[16][17]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Grace AA, Camm AJ (1998). "Quinidine". N. Engl. J. Med. 338 (1): 35–45. doi:10.1056/NEJM199801013380107. PMID 9414330.
Jump up ^ Kaufman ES (2007). "Quinidine in short QT syndrome: an old drug for a new disease". J. Cardiovasc. Electrophysiol. 18 (6): 665–6. doi:10.1111/j.1540-8167.2007.00815.x. PMID 17521305.
Jump up ^ Brooks, BR; Thisted, RA; Appel, SH; Bradley, WG; Olney, RK; Berg, JE; Pope, LE; Smith, RA; AVP-923 ALS Study Group (2004). "Treatment of pseudobulbar affect in ALS with dextromethorphan/quinidine: a randomized trial". Neurology. 63 (8): 1364–70. doi:10.1212/01.wnl.0000142042.50528.2f. PMID 15505150.
Jump up ^ "From the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Availability and use of parenteral quinidine gluconate for severe or complicated malaria". JAMA. 285 (6): 730. February 2001. doi:10.1001/jama.285.6.730. PMID 11236771.
Jump up ^ Sadeque AJ, Wandel C, He H, Shah S, Wood AJ (2000). "Increased drug delivery to the brain by P-glycoprotein inhibition". Clin. Pharmacol. Ther. 68 (3): 231–7. doi:10.1067/mcp.2000.109156. PMID 11014404.
Jump up ^ Rapid Interpretation of EKG's 6th Ed., Dubin
Jump up ^ de Lera Ruiz M, Kraus RL (2015). "Voltage-Gated Sodium Channels: Structure, Function, Pharmacology, and Clinical Indications". J. Med. Chem. 58 (18): 7093–118. doi:10.1021/jm501981g. PMID 25927480.
Jump up ^ Hugues Abriel (1 September 2015). Cardiac Sodium Channel Disorders, An Issue of Cardiac Electrophysiology Clinics, E-Book. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 695–. ISBN 978-0-323-32641-4.
^ Jump up to: a b Hugh C. Hemmings; Talmage D. Egan (2013). Pharmacology and Physiology for Anesthesia: Foundations and Clinical Application: Expert Consult - Online and Print. Elsevier Health Sciences. pp. 451–. ISBN 1-4377-1679-2.
Jump up ^ Laszlo Urban; Vinod Patel; Roy J. Vaz (23 February 2015). Antitargets and Drug Safety. Wiley. pp. 303–. ISBN 978-3-527-67367-4.
Jump up ^ Stephen L. Archer; Nancy J. Rusch (6 December 2012). Potassium Channels in Cardiovascular Biology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 343–. ISBN 978-1-4615-1303-2.
Jump up ^ Shibata K, Hirasawa A, Foglar R, Ogawa S, Tsujimoto G (1998). "Effects of quinidine and verapamil on human cardiovascular alpha1-adrenoceptors". Circulation. 97 (13): 1227–30. PMID 9570190.
^ Jump up to: a b Hollman, A (1991). "Plants in Cardiology: Quinine and Quinidine". British heart journal. 66 (4): 301. doi:10.1136/hrt.66.4.301. PMC 1024726  . PMID 1747282.
Jump up ^ Bowman, IA (1987). "Jean-Baptiste Senac and His Treatise on the Heart". Texas Heart Institute journal / from the Texas Heart Institute of St. Luke's Episcopal Hospital, Texas Children's Hospital. 14 (1): 5–11. PMC 324686  . PMID 15227324.
Jump up ^ Sneader, Walter (Jun 20, 2005). Drug Discovery: A History. John Wiley and Sons. p. 95. ISBN 978-0-471-89980-8.
Jump up ^ KURAKANE, Eiji; AMADA, Akio (1982). "Pharmacokinetic Studies on Quinidine Sulfate Orally Administered in Horses". Bulletin of Equine Research Institute. 1982 (19): 59–68. doi:10.11535/jes1977.1982.59. Retrieved March 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ HIRAGA, Atsushi; SUGANO, Shigeru (2015). "History of research in Japan on electrocardiography in the racehorse". Journal of Equine Science. 26 (1): 1–13. doi:10.1294/jes.26.1.
External links[edit]
MedlinePlus
Poisons Information Monograph
[show]
v
t
e
Antiarrhythmic agents (C01B)
Channel blockers
class I
(Na+ channel blockers)
class Ia (Phase 0→ and Phase 3→)
Ajmaline
Disopyramide
Hydroquinidine
Lorajmine
Prajmaline
Procainamide#
Quinidine#
Sparteine
class Ib (Phase 3←)
IV
Lidocaine#
enteral
Aprindine
Mexiletine
Tocainide
class Ic (Phase 0→)
Encainide‡
Ethacizine
Flecainide
Indecainide‡
Lorcainide
Moracizine‡
Propafenone
class III
(Phase 3→, K+ channel blockers)
Amiodarone
Bretylium
Bunaftine
Celivarone†
Dofetilide
Dronedarone
E-4031†
Ibutilide
Nifekalant
Sotalol
Tedisamil
Vernakalant
class IV
(Phase 4→, Ca2+ channel blockers)
Diltiazem
Verapamil#
Receptor agonists
and antagonists
class II
(Phase 4→, β blockers)
Nadolol
Pindolol
Propranolol
cardioselective
Acebutolol
Atenolol
Esmolol
Metoprolol
A1 agonist
Adenosine
Benzodiazepines
Barbiturates
M2
muscarinic antagonist: Atropine
Disopyramide
Quinidine
muscarinic agonist: Digoxin
α receptors
Amiodarone
Bretylium
Quinidine
Verapamil
Ion transporters
Na+/ K+-ATPase
Digoxin
#WHO-EM
‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
†Phase III
§Never to phase III
[show]
v
t
e
Antiparasitics – antiprotozoal agents – Chromalveolate antiparasitics (P01)
Alveo-
late
Apicom-
plexa
Conoidasida/
(Coccidiostats)
Cryptosporidiosis
thiazolides (nitazoxanide)
Isosporiasis
trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole#
Toxoplasmosis
pyrimethamine
sulfadiazine
Aconoidasida
Malaria
Individual
agents
Hemozoin
inhibitors
Aminoquinolines
(4-): amodiaquine#
chloroquine#
hydroxychloroquine#
(8-): primaquine#
pamaquine‡
tafenoquine†
4-Methanolquinolines
mefloquine#
quinine#
quinidine
Other
lumefantrine
+ artemether#
halofantrine
Antifolates
DHFR inhibitors
pyrimethamine
biguanides
chlorproguanil
proguanil#
Sulfonamides
sulfadoxine
sulfalene
Co-formulation
sulfadoxine/pyrimethamine (SP)#
Sesquiterpene
lactones
artemether#
artemisinin
artemotil
artesunate#
dihydroartemisinin
Other
atovaquone (+ proguanil)
tetracycline
doxycycline#
clindamycin
mepacrine
pyronaridine
piperaquine
Combi-
nations
Fixed-dose (co-formulated) ACTs
artemether/lumefantrine#
arterolane/piperaquine
artesunate/amodiaquine (ASAQ)
artesunate/mefloquine (ASMQ)
artesunate/pyronaridine
dihydroartemisinin/piperaquine
Other combinations
(not co-formulated)
artesunate/mefloquine
artesunate/SP
quinine/clindamycin
quinine/doxycycline
quinine/tetracycline
Babesiosis
clindamycin
Cilio-
phora
Balantidiasis: tetracycline
Hetero-
kont
Blastocystosis: metronidazole
#WHO-EM
‡Withdrawn from market
Clinical trials:
†Phase III
§Never to phase III
[show]
Pharmacodynamics
[show]
v
t
e
Adrenergic receptor modulators
α1
Agonists: 6-FNE
Amidephrine
Anisodine
Buspirone
Cirazoline
Corbadrine
Desglymidodrine
Dexisometheptene
Dipivefrine
Dopamine
Droxidopa (L-DOPS)
Ephedrine
Epinephrine
Etilefrine
Etilevodopa
Ethylnorepinephrine
Indanidine
Isometheptene
L-DOPA (levodopa)
L-Phenylalanine
L-Tyrosine
Melevodopa
Metaraminol
Methoxamine
Methyldopa
Midodrine
Naphazoline
Norepinephrine
Octopamine (drug)
Oxymetazoline
Phenylephrine
Phenylpropanolamine
Pseudoephedrine
Synephrine
Tetryzoline
Tiamenidine
XP21279
Xylometazoline
Antagonists: Abanoquil
Adimolol
Ajmalicine
Alfuzosin
Amosulalol
Anisodamine
Arotinolol
Atiprosin
Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., brexpiprazole, clozapine, olanzapine, quetiapine, risperidone)
Benoxathian
Buflomedil
Bunazosin
Carvedilol
Corynanthine
Dapiprazole
Domesticine
Doxazosin
Ergolines (e.g., ergotamine, dihydroergotamine, lisuride, terguride)
Etoperidone
Eugenodilol
Fenspiride
Hydroxyzine
Indoramin
Ketanserin
L-765,314
Labetalol
mCPP
Mepiprazole
Metazosin
Monatepil
Moxisylyte
Naftopidil
Nantenine
Neldazosin
Niaprazine
Nicergoline
Niguldipine
Pardoprunox
Pelanserin
Perlapine
Phendioxan
Phenoxybenzamine
Phentolamine
Phenylpiperazine antidepressants (e.g., hydroxynefazodone, nefazodone, trazodone, triazoledione)
Piperoxan
Prazosin
Quinazosin
Quinidine
Ritanserin
Silodosin
Spiperone
Talipexole
Tamsulosin
Terazosin
Tiodazosin
Tolazoline
Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine, maprotiline, mianserin)
Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline, clomipramine, doxepin, imipramine, trimipramine)
Trimazosin
Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine)
Urapidil
WB-4101
Zolertine
α2
Agonists: (R)-3-Nitrobiphenyline
4-NEMD
6-FNE
Amitraz
Apraclonidine
Brimonidine
Cannabivarin
Clonidine
Corbadrine
Detomidine
Dexmedetomidine
Dihydroergotamine
Dipivefrine
Dopamine
Droxidopa (L-DOPS)
Etilevodopa
Ephedrine
Ergotamine
Epinephrine
Etilefrine
Ethylnorepinephrine
Guanabenz
Guanfacine
Guanoxabenz
L-DOPA (levodopa)
L-Phenylalanine
L-Tyrosine
Lofexidine
Medetomidine
Melevodopa
Methyldopa
Mivazerol
Naphazoline
Norepinephrine
Oxymetazoline
Phenylpropanolamine
Piperoxan
Pseudoephedrine
Rezatomidine
Rilmenidine
Romifidine
Talipexole
Tasipimidine
Tetrahydrozoline
Tiamenidine
Tizanidine
Tolonidine
Urapidil
Vatinoxan
XP21279
Xylazine
Xylometazoline
Antagonists: 1-PP
Adimolol
Amesergide
Aptazapine
Atipamezole
Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., asenapine, brexpiprazole, clozapine, lurasidone, paliperidone, quetiapine, risperidone, zotepine)
Azapirones (e.g., buspirone, gepirone, ipsapirone, tandospirone)
BRL-44408
Buflomedil
Cirazoline
Efaroxan
Esmirtazapine
Fenmetozole
Fluparoxan
Idazoxan
mCPP
Mianserin
Mirtazapine
NAN-190
Olanzapine
Pardoprunox
Phentolamine
Phenoxybenzamine
Piperoxan
Piribedil
Rauwolscine
Rotigotine
SB-269970
Setiptiline
Spiroxatrine
Sunepitron
Tolazoline
Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, fluphenazine, loxapine, thioridazine)
Yohimbine
β
Agonists: Abediterol
Alifedrine
Amibegron
Arbutamine
Arformoterol
Arotinolol
BAAM
Bambuterol
Befunolol
Bitolterol
Broxaterol
Buphenine
Carbuterol
Carmoterol
Cimaterol
Clenbuterol
Colterol
Corbadrine
Denopamine
Dipivefrine
Dobutamine
Dopamine
Dopexamine
Droxidopa (L-DOPS)
Ephedrine
Epinephrine
Etafedrine
Etilefrine
Etilevodopa
Ethylnorepinephrine
Fenoterol
Formoterol
Hexoprenaline
Higenamine
Indacaterol
Isoetarine
Isoprenaline
Isoxsuprine
L-DOPA (levodopa)
L-Phenylalanine
L-Tyrosine
Levosalbutamol
Mabuterol
Melevodopa
Methoxyphenamine
Methyldopa
Mirabegron
Norepinephrine
Orciprenaline
Oxyfedrine
PF-610355
Phenylpropanolamine
Pirbuterol
Prenalterol
Ractopamine
Procaterol
Pseudoephedrine
Reproterol
Rimiterol
Ritodrine
Salbutamol
Salmeterol
Solabegron
Terbutaline
Tretoquinol
Tulobuterol
Vilanterol
Xamoterol
XP21279
Zilpaterol
Zinterol
Antagonists: Acebutolol
Adaprolol
Adimolol
Afurolol
Alprenolol
Alprenoxime
Amosulalol
Ancarolol
Arnolol
Arotinolol
Atenolol
Befunolol
Betaxolol
Bevantolol
Bisoprolol
Bopindolol
Bornaprolol
Brefonalol
Bucindolol
Bucumolol
Bufetolol
Bufuralol
Bunitrolol
Bunolol
Bupranolol
Butaxamine
Butidrine
Butofilolol
Capsinolol
Carazolol
Carpindolol
Carteolol
Carvedilol
Celiprolol
Cetamolol
Cicloprolol
Cinamolol
Cloranolol
Cyanopindolol
Dalbraminol
Dexpropranolol
Diacetolol
Dichloroisoprenaline
Dihydroalprenolol
Dilevalol
Diprafenone
Draquinolol
Ecastolol
Epanolol
Ericolol
Ersentilide
Esatenolol
Esprolol
Eugenodilol
Exaprolol
Falintolol
Flestolol
Flusoxolol
Hydroxycarteolol
Hydroxytertatolol
ICI-118,551
Idropranolol
Indenolol
Indopanolol
Iodocyanopindolol
Iprocrolol
Isoxaprolol
Isamoltane
Labetalol
Landiolol
Levobetaxolol
Levobunolol
Levomoprolol
Medroxalol
Mepindolol
Metipranolol
Metoprolol
Moprolol
Nadolol
Nadoxolol
Nebivolol
Nifenalol
Nipradilol
Oxprenolol
Pacrinolol
Pafenolol
Pamatolol
Pargolol
Penbutolol
Pindolol
Practolol
Primidolol
Procinolol
Pronethalol
Propafenone
Propranolol
Ridazolol
Ronactolol
Soquinolol
Sotalol
Spirendolol
SR 59230A
Sulfinalol
Talinolol
Tazolol
Tertatolol
Tienoxolol
Tilisolol
Timolol
Tiprenolol
Tolamolol
Toliprolol
Xibenolol
Xipranolol
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators
Dopaminergics
Serotonergics
Monoamine reuptake inhibitors
Monoamine releasing agents
Monoamine metabolism modulators
Monoamine neurotoxins
[show]
v
t
e
Ion channel modulators
Calcium
VDCCs
Blockers
L-type-selective: Dihydropyridines: Amlodipine
Aranidipine
Azelnidipine
Barnidipine
Clevidipine
Cronidipine
Darodipine
Dexniguldipine
Elgodipine
Elnadipine
Felodipine
Flordipine
Furnidipine
Iganidipine
Isradipine
Lacidipine
Lemildipine
Lercanidipine
Levamlodipine
Levniguldipine
Manidipine
Mepirodipine
Mesudipine
Nicardipine
Nifedipine
Niguldipine
Niludipine
Nilvadipine
Nimodipine
Nisoldipine
Nitrendipine
Olradipine
Oxodipine
Palonidipine
Pranidipine
Ryodipine (riodipine)
Sagandipine
Sornidipine
Teludipine
Tiamdipine
Trombodipine
Vatanidipine; Diltiazem derivatives: Clentiazem
Diltiazem
Iprotiazem
Nictiazem
Siratiazem; Phenylalkylamines: Anipamil
Dagapamil
Devapamil
Dexverapamil
Emopamil
Etripamil
Falipamil
Gallopamil
Levemopamil
Nexopamil
Norverapamil
Ronipamil
Tiapamil
Verapamil; Others: AH-1058
Brinazarone
Budiodarone
Celivarone
Cyproheptadine
Dronedarone
Fantofarone
SR-33805
Tetrahydropalmatine
N-type-selective: ω-Conotoxins
ω-Conotoxin GVIA
Caroverine
Huwentoxin XVI
Leconotide (ω-conotoxin CVID)
PD-173212
Ralfinamide
Safinamide
Z160
Ziconotide (ω-conotoxin MVIIA)
P-type-selective: ω-Agatoxin IVA
ω-Agatoxin IVB
R-type-selective: SNX-482
T-type-selective: ABT-639
ML-218
Niflumic acid
NNC 55-0396
ProTx I
Z944
Zonisamide
Non-selective: ω-Agatoxin TK
ω-Conotoxin MVIIC
Benidipine
Bepridil
Cilnidipine
Cinnarizine
Dotarizine
Efonidipine
Flunarizine
Lamotrigine
Levetiracetam
Lomerizine
Loperamide
Mibefradil
NP078585
Ruthenium red
TROX-1
α2δ subunit-selective (gabapentinoids): 4-Methylpregabalin
Arbaclofen
Arbaclofen placarbil
Atagabalin
Baclofen
Gabapentin
Gabapentin enacarbil
Imagabalin
Mirogabalin
PD-200,347
PD-217,014
PD-299,685
Phenibut
Pregabalin
Others/unsorted: Bencyclane
Berbamine
Bevantolol
Canadine
Carboxyamidotriazole
Cycleanine
Dauricine
Dimeditiapramine
Diproteverine
Enpiperate
Eperisone
Elpetrigine
Ethadione
Ethanol (alcohol)
Ethosuximide
Fasudil
Fendiline
Fostedil
Imepitoin
JTV-519
Lidoflazine
Magnesium
Manoalide
Mesuximide
Monatepil
Naftopidil
Ochratoxin A
Osthol
Otilonium bromide
Paramethadione
Phensuximide
Pinaverium
Prenylamine
Rhynchophylline
Sesamodil
Silperisone
Sipatrigine
Terodiline
Tetrandrine
Tolperisone
Trimethadione
Valperinol
Activators
L-type-selective: Bay K8644
Potassium
VGKCs
Blockers
3,4-Diaminopyridine (amifampridine)
4-Aminopyridine (fampridine/dalfampridine)
Adekalant
Almokalant
Amiodarone
Azimilide
Bretylium
Bunaftine
Charybdotoxin
Clamikalant
Conotoxins
Dalazatide
Dendrotoxin
Dofetilide
Dronedarone
E-4031
Hanatoxin
HgeTx1
HsTx1
Ibutilide
Inakalant
Kaliotoxin
Linopirdine
Lolitrem B
Maurotoxin
Nifekalant
Notoxin
Paxilline
Pinokalant
Quinidine
ShK-186
Sotalol
Tedisamil
Terikalant
Tetraethylammonium
Vernakalant
hERG (KCNH2, Kv11.1)-specific: Ajmaline
Amiodarone
AmmTX3
Astemizole
Azaspiracid
AZD1305
Azimilide
Bedaquiline
BeKm-1
BmTx3
BRL-32872
Chlorpromazine
Cisapride
Clarithromycin
Darifenacin
Dextropropoxyphene
Diallyl trisulfide
Domperidone
E-4031
Ergtoxins
Erythromycin
Gigactonine
Haloperidol
Ketoconazole
Norpropoxyphene
Orphenadrine
Pimozide
PNU-282,987
Promethazine
Quinidine
Ranolazine
Roxithromycin
Sertindole
Solifenacin
Tamulotoxin
Terodiline
Terfenadine
Thioridazine
Tolterodine
Vanoxerine
Vernakalant
KCNQ (Kv7)-specific: Linopirdine
XE-991
Activators
KCNQ (Kv7)-specific: Flupirtine
Retigabine
IRKs
Blockers
KATP-specific: Acetohexamide
Carbutamide
Chlorpropamide
Glibenclamide (glyburide)
Glibornuride
Glicaramide
Gliclazide
Glimepiride
Glipizide
Gliquidone
Glisoxepide
Glyclopyramide
Glycyclamide
Metahexamide
Mitiglinide
Nateglinide
Repaglinide
Tolazamide
Tolbutamide
GIRK-specific: Barium
Caramiphen
Cloperastine
Clozapine
Dextromethorphan
Ethosuximide
Ifenprodil
Tertiapin
Tipepidine
Activators
KATP-specific: Aprikalim
Bimakalim
Cromakalim
Diazoxide
Emakalim
Levcromakalim
Mazokalim
Minoxidil
Naminidil
Nicorandil
Pinacidil
Rilmakalim
Sarakalim
GIRK-specific: ML-297 (VU0456810)
KCa
Blockers
BKCa-specific: Ethanol (alcohol)
GAL-021
Activators
BKCa-specific: Flufenamic acid
Meclofenamic acid
Niflumic acid
Nimesulide
Rottlerin (mallotoxin)
Tolfenamic acid
K2Ps
Blockers
12-O-Tetradecanoylphorbol-13-acetate
Arachidonic acid
Fluoxetine
Norfluoxetine
Activators
Riluzole
Sodium
VGSCs
Blockers
Antianginals: Ranolazine
Antiarrhythmics (class I): Ajmaline
Aprindine
Disopyramide
Dronedarone
Encainide
Flecainide
Lidocaine
Lorajmine
Lorcainide
Mexiletine
Moricizine
Pilsicainide
Prajmaline
Procainamide
Propafenone
Quinidine
Sparteine
Tocainide
Anticonvulsants: Acetylpheneturide
Carbamazepine
Cenobamate
Chlorphenacemide
Elpetrigine
Eslicarbazepine acetate
Ethotoin
Fosphenytoin
Lacosamide
Licarbazepine
Mephenytoin
Oxcarbazepine
Oxitriptyline
Phenacemide
Pheneturide
Phenytoin
Rufinamide
Sipatrigine
Topiramate
Sodium valproate
Valnoctamide
Valproate pivoxil
Valproate semisodium
Valproic acid
Valpromide
Zonisamide
Local anesthetics: pFBT
Amylocaine
Articaine
Benzocaine
Bupivacaine (Levobupivacaine, Ropivacaine)
Butacaine
Butamben
Chloroprocaine
Cinchocaine
Cocaine
Cyclomethycaine
Dimethocaine
Diphenhydramine
Etidocaine
Hexylcaine
Iontocaine
Lidocaine
Mepivacaine
Meprylcaine
Metabutoxycaine
Orthocaine
Piperocaine
Prilocaine
Procaine
Propoxycaine
Proxymetacaine
Risocaine
Tetracaine
Trimecaine
Analgesics: AZD-3161
DSP-2230
Funapide
GDC-0276
NKTR-171
PF-04531083
PF-05089771
Ralfinamide
Raxatrigine
RG7893 (GDC-0287)
Toxins: Conotoxins
Neosaxitoxin
Saxitoxin
Tetrodotoxin
Others: Buprenorphine
Evenamide
Menthol (mint)
Safinamide
Tricyclic antidepressants
Activators
Atracotoxins (Robustoxin, Versutoxin)
Batrachotoxin
Ciguatoxins
Poneratoxin
ENaC
Blockers
Amiloride
Benzamil
Triamterene
Activators
Solnatide
ASICs
Blockers
A-317567
Amiloride
Aspirin
Ibuprofen
PcTX1
Chloride
CaCCs
Blockers
Crofelemer
DIDS
Ethacrynic acid
Flufenamic acid
Fluoxetine
Furosemide
Glibenclamide
Mefloquine
Mibefradil
Niflumic acid
Activators
Carbachol
CFTR
Blockers
Glibenclamide
Lonidamine
Piretanide
Activators
1,7-Phenanthroline
1,10-Phenanthroline
4,7-Phenanthroline
7,8-Benzoquinoline
Ivacaftor
Phenanthridine
Unsorted
Blockers
Bumetanide
Flufenamic acid
Meclofenamic acid
Mefenamic acid
Mepacrine
Niflumic acid
Talniflumate
Tolfenamic acid
Trifluoperazine
Others
TRPs
See here instead.
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Transient receptor potential channel modulators
[show]
v
t
e
Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators
mAChRs
Agonists
77-LH-28-1
AC-42
AC-260,584
Aceclidine
Acetylcholine
AF30
AF150(S)
AF267B
Alvameline
AQRA-741
Arecoline
Bethanechol
Bevonium
Butyrylcholine
Carbachol
CDD-0034
CDD-0078
CDD-0097
CDD-0098
CDD-0102
Cevimeline
Choline
cis-Dioxolane
Clozapine
Desmethylclozapine (norclozapine)
Ethoxysebacylcholine
Itameline
LY-593,039
L-689,660
LY-2,033,298
McNA343
Methacholine
Milameline
Muscarine
NGX-267
Ocvimeline
Oxotremorine
PD-151,832
Pilocarpine
RS86
Sabcomeline
SDZ 210-086
Sebacylcholine
Suberyldicholine
Talsaclidine
Tazomeline
Thiopilocarpine
Vedaclidine
VU-0029767
VU-0090157
VU-0152099
VU-0152100
VU-0238429
WAY-132,983
Xanomeline
YM-796
Antagonists
3-Quinuclidinyl benzilate
4-DAMP
Aclidinium bromide (+formoterol)
Abediterol
AF-DX 250
AF-DX 384
Ambutonium bromide
Anisodamine
Anisodine
Antihistamines (first-generation) (e.g., brompheniramine, buclizine, captodiame, chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine), cinnarizine, clemastine, cyproheptadine, dimenhydrinate, dimetindene, diphenhydramine, doxylamine, meclizine, mepyramine (pyrilamine), mequitazine, perlapine, phenindamine, pheniramine, phenyltoloxamine, promethazine, propiomazine, triprolidine)
AQ-RA 741
Atropine
Atropine methonitrate
Atypical antipsychotics (e.g., clozapine, fluperlapine, olanzapine (+fluoxetine), rilapine, quetiapine, tenilapine, zotepine)
Benactyzine
Benzatropine (benztropine)
Benzilone
Benzilylcholine mustard
Benzydamine
BIBN 99
Biperiden
Bornaprine
Camylofin
CAR-226,086
CAR-301,060
CAR-302,196
CAR-302,282
CAR-302,368
CAR-302,537
CAR-302,668
Caramiphen
Cimetropium bromide
Clidinium bromide
Cloperastine
CS-27349
Cyclobenzaprine
Cyclopentolate
Darifenacin
DAU-5884
Desfesoterodine
Dexetimide
DIBD
Dicycloverine (dicyclomine)
Dihexyverine
Difemerine
Diphemanil metilsulfate
Ditran
EA-3167
EA-3443
EA-3580
EA-3834
Emepronium bromide
Etanautine
Etybenzatropine (ethybenztropine)
Fenpiverinium
Fentonium
Fesoterodine
Flavoxate
Glycopyrronium bromide (+beclometasone/formoterol, +indacaterol)
Hexahydrodifenidol
Hexahydrosiladifenidol
Hexbutinol
Hexocyclium
Himbacine
HL-031,120
Homatropine
Imidafenacin
Ipratropium bromide (+salbutamol)
Isopropamide
J-104,129
Hyoscyamine
Mamba toxin 3
Mamba toxin 7
Mazaticol
Mebeverine
Meladrazine
Mepenzolate
Methantheline
Methoctramine
Methylatropine
Methylhomatropine
Methylscopolamine
Metixene
Muscarinic toxin 7
N-Ethyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
N-Methyl-3-piperidyl benzilate
Nefopam
Octatropine methylbromide (anisotropine methylbromide)
Orphenadrine
Otenzepad (AF-DX 116)
Otilonium bromide
Oxapium iodide
Oxitropium bromide
Oxybutynin
Oxyphencyclimine
Oxyphenonium bromide
PBID
PD-102,807
PD-0298029
Penthienate
Pethidine
pFHHSiD
Phenglutarimide
Phenyltoloxamine
Pipenzolate bromide
Piperidolate
Pirenzepine
Piroheptine
Pizotifen
Poldine
Pridinol
Prifinium bromide
Procyclidine
Profenamine (ethopropazine)
Propantheline bromide
Propiverine
Quinidine
Revefenacin
Rociverine
RU-47,213
SCH-57,790
SCH-72,788
SCH-217,443
Scopolamine (hyoscine)
Scopolamine butylbromide (hyoscine butylbromide)
Silahexacyclium
Sofpironium bromide
Solifenacin
SSRIs (e.g., femoxetine, paroxetine)
Telenzepine
Terodiline
Tetracyclic antidepressants (e.g., amoxapine, maprotiline, mianserin, mirtazapine)
Tiemonium iodide
Timepidium bromide
Tiotropium bromide
Tiquizium bromide
Tofenacin
Tolterodine
Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline (+perphenazine), amitriptylinoxide, butriptyline, cidoxepin, clomipramine, desipramine, desmethyldesipramine, dibenzepin, dosulepin (dothiepin), doxepin, imipramine, lofepramine, nitroxazepine, northiaden (desmethyldosulepin), nortriptyline, protriptyline, quinupramine, trimipramine)
Tridihexethyl
Trihexyphenidyl
Trimebutine
Tripitamine (tripitramine)
Tropacine
Tropatepine
Tropicamide
Trospium chloride
Typical antipsychotics (e.g., chlorpromazine, chlorprothixene, cyamemazine (cyamepromazine), loxapine, mesoridazine, thioridazine)
Umeclidinium bromide (+vilanterol)
WIN-2299
Xanomeline
Zamifenacin
Precursors
(and prodrugs)
Acetyl-coA
Adafenoxate
Choline (lecithin)
Citicoline
Cyprodenate
Dimethylethanolamine
Glycerophosphocholine
Meclofenoxate (centrophenoxine)
Phosphatidylcholine
Phosphatidylethanolamine
Phosphorylcholine
Pirisudanol
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators • Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators • Acetylcholine metabolism/transport modulators
[show]
v
t
e
Sigma receptor modulators
σ1
Agonists: 3-PPP
4-PPBP
5-MeO-DMT
Alazocine (SKF-10047)
Amantadine
ANAVEX2-73
Arketamine
BD-737
BD-1052
Captodiame
Citalopram
CGRP
Cloperastine
Cocaine
Cutamesine (SA-4503)
Cyclazocine
Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) (prasterone)
Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate (DHEA-S) (prasterone sulfate)
Dextrallorphan
Dextromethorphan (DXM)
Dextrorphan (DXO)
Dimemorfan
Dimethyltryptamine (DMT)
Ditolylguanidine (DTG)
Donepezil
Eliprodil
Escitalopram
Fabomotizole (afobazole)
Fluoxetine
Fluvoxamine
Ifenprodil
Igmesine (JO-1784)
IPAB
Ketamine
L-687384
MDMA (midomafetamine)
Memantine
Methamphetamine
Methoxetamine
Methylphenidate
Nepinalone
Neuropeptide Y
Noscapine
OPC-14523
Opipramol
Pentazocine
Pentoxyverine (carbetapentane)
PRE-084
Pregnenolone
Pregnenolone sulfate
Pridopidine
Racemethorphan (methorphan)
Racemorphan (morphanol)
UMB-23
UMB-82
Antagonists: 3-PPP
AC-927
BD-1008
BD-1031
BD-1047
BD-1060
BD-1063
BD-1067
BMY-14802 (BMS-181100)
CM-156
Dup-734
E-5842
E-52862 (S1RA)
Haloperidol
LR-132
LR-172
MS-377
NE-100
NPC-16377
Panamesine (EMD-57455)
PD-144418
Pentazocine
Progesterone
Rimcazole (BW-234U)
Sertraline
SR-31742A
Allosteric modulators: Phenytoin; Positive: Methylphenylpiracetam
SOMCL-668
Unknown/unsorted: 3-Methoxydextrallorphan
3-MeO-PCP
4C-T-2
4-IBP
4-IPBS
4-MeO-PCP
5-MeO-DALT
5-MeO-DiPT
Amitriptyline
Azidopamil
Chlorpromazine
Clemastine
Clomipramine
Clorgiline
D-Deprenyl
DiPT
DPT
Ibogaine
Imipramine
KCR-12-83.1
Nemonapride
Noribogaine
RHL-033
RS-67,333
RTI-55
Saffron
Safinamide
Selegiline
Spipethiane
Trifluoperazine
W-18
YKP10A
σ2
Agonists: 3-PPP
Arketamine
BD-1047
BD1063
Ditolylguanidine (DTG)
DKR-1005
DKR-1051
Haloperidol
Ifenprodil
Ketamine
MDMA (midomafetamine)
Methamphetamine
OPC-14523
Opipramol
PB-28
Phencyclidine
Siramesine (Lu 28-179)
UKH-1114
Antagonists: AC-927
BD-1008
BD-1067
CM-156
CT-1812
LR-172
MIN-101
Panamesine (EMD-57455)
SAS-0132
Unknown/unsorted: 3-Methoxydextrallorphan
3-MeO-PCE
4-MeO-PCP
5-MeO-DALT
5-MeO-DiPT
Clemastine
DiPT
DPT
Ibogaine
Nemonapride
Nepinalone
Noribogaine
Pentazocine
RS-67,333
Safinamide
TMA
UMB-23
UMB-82
W-18
Unsorted
Agonists: Berberine
Ethylketazocine
Fourphit
Metaphit
Nalbuphine
Naluzotan
Tapentadol
Tenocyclidine
Antagonists: AHD1
AZ66
Lamotrigine
Naloxone
SM-21
UMB-100
UMB-101
UMB-103
UMB-116
YZ-011
YZ-069
YZ-185
Allosteric modulators: SKF-83959
Unknown/unsorted: 18-Methoxycoronaridine
BMY-13980
Butaclamol
Caramiphen
Carvotroline
Chlorphenamine (chlorpheniramine)
Chlorpromazine
Cinnarizine
Cinuperone
Clocapramine
Dezocine
EMD-59983
Hypericin (St. John's wort)
Fluphenazine
Gevotroline (WY-47384)
Mepyramine (pyrilamine)
Molindone
Perphenazine
Pimozide
Proadifen
Promethazine
Propranolol
Quinidine
Remoxipride
SL 82.0715
SR-31747A
Tiospirone (BMY-13859)
Venlafaxine
See also: Receptor/signaling modulators
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Quinidine&oldid=803288339"
Categories:
Alcohols
Alkene derivatives
Alpha-1 blockers
Antiarrhythmic agents
Bitter compounds
Enzyme inhibitors
Hepatotoxins
Muscarinic antagonists
Phenol ethers
Potassium channel blockers
Quinolines
Quinuclidines
Sigma receptor ligands
Sodium channel blockers
Hidden categories:
Template:drugs.com link with non-standard subpage
Articles with changed KEGG identifier
Articles with changed EBI identifier
ECHA InfoCard ID from Wikidata
Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields
Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
تۆرکجه
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Hrvatski
Italiano
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Polski
Português
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
Українська
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 1 October 2017, at 16:25.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

values: International nonproprietary name (INN): Quinidine

value: caption

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

attrs: scope style

values:
row
padding:0.2em 0; line-height:1.2em;

values: American Society of Health-System Pharmacists

values: Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification System

values: Standard for the Uniform Scheduling of Drugs and Poisons

values: font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;

values: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; word-break: break-all; text-align: left; padding-left: 1.5em; text-indent: -1.5em; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame1

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.drugbank.ca/drugs/DB00908

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.kegg.jp/entry/D08458

values:
/wiki/ECHA_InfoCard
mw-redirect
ECHA InfoCard

values: chemapps.stolaf.edu (3D interactive model)

values: Simplified molecular-input line-entry system

values: word-wrap:break-word; text-indent:-1.5em; text-align:left; padding-left:1.5em; font-size:11px; line-height:120%;

values: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; word-break: break-all; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame2

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame3

values:
/wiki/Class_I_antiarrhythmic_agent
mw-redirect
Class I antiarrhythmic agent

values:
/wiki/Ventricular_arrhythmia
mw-redirect
Ventricular arrhythmia

values:
/wiki/Beta_blockers
mw-redirect
Beta blockers

values:
/wiki/Ion_channel_blocker
mw-redirect
Ion channel blocker

values:
/wiki/Voltage-gated_sodium_channel
mw-redirect
Voltage-gated sodium channel

values:
/wiki/Elimination_half-life
mw-redirect
Elimination half-life

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1056%2FNEJM199801013380107

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9414330

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17521305

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15505150

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1001%2Fjama.285.6.730

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11236771

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1067%2Fmcp.2000.109156

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11014404

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1021%2Fjm501981g

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25927480

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9570190

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1136%2Fhrt.66.4.301

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1747282

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15227324

values:
nofollow
external text
http://doi.org/10.11535/jes1977.1982.59

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.11535%2Fjes1977.1982.59

values:
nofollow
external text
http://doi.org/10.1294/jes.26.1

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1294%2Fjes.26.1

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Antiprotozoal_agent
mw-redirect
Antiprotozoal agent

values:
/wiki/Antimalarial_drug
mw-redirect
Antimalarial drug

values:
/wiki/Sesquiterpene_lactones
mw-redirect
Sesquiterpene lactones

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: transparent; padding: 0px;

values: Template talk:Adrenergic receptor modulators

values:
/wiki/%CE%92-adrenergic_receptor
mw-redirect
Β-adrenergic receptor

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Voltage-gated_potassium_channels
mw-redirect
Voltage-gated potassium channels

values: G protein-coupled inwardly-rectifying potassium channel

values:
/wiki/Voltage-gated_sodium_channels
mw-redirect
Voltage-gated sodium channels

values:
/wiki/Sodium_valproate
mw-redirect
Sodium valproate

values:
/wiki/Valproate_semisodium
mw-redirect
Valproate semisodium

values:
/wiki/Valproic_acid
mw-redirect
Valproic acid

values:
/wiki/Ethacrynic_acid
mw-redirect
Ethacrynic acid

values: Cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator

values: 1,7-Phenanthroline (page does not exist)

values: 1,10-Phenanthroline (page does not exist)

values: 4,7-Phenanthroline (page does not exist)

values: 7,8-Benzoquinoline (page does not exist)

values: Template:Transient receptor potential channel modulators

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Template:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators

values: Template talk:Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor modulators

values:
/wiki/Receptor_agonist
mw-redirect
Receptor agonist

values: Ethoxysebacylcholine (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/First-generation_antihistamine
mw-redirect
First-generation antihistamine

values:
/wiki/Atropine_methonitrate
mw-redirect
Atropine methonitrate

values: Hexahydrodifenidol (page does not exist)

values: Hexahydrosiladifenidol (page does not exist)

values: Sofpironium bromide (page does not exist)

values: Desmethyldesipramine (page does not exist)

values: Template:Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor modulators

values: Template:Acetylcholine metabolism and transport modulators

values: 3-Methoxydextrallorphan (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/St._John%27s_wort
mw-redirect
St. John's wort

values: navigation navbox Pharmacodynamics padding:3px

values: Category:Template:drugs.com link with non-standard subpage

values: Category:Articles with changed KEGG identifier

values: Category:Articles with changed EBI identifier

values: Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to verified fields

values: Category:Drugboxes which contain changes to watched fields

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Quinidine
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: كوينيدين – Arabic

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinidin
Chinidin – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinidina
Quinidina – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values: کینیدین – Persian

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinidine
Quinidine – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinidin
Kinidin – Croatian
hr
hr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinidina
Chinidina – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinidin
Kinidin – Hungarian
hu
hu
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinidine
Kinidine – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinidyna
Chinidyna – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Quinidina
Quinidina – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values: Хинидин – Russian

values:
https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinidin
Hinidin – Serbian
sr
sr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinidin
Hinidin – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinidiini
Kinidiini – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kinidin
Kinidin – Turkish
tr
tr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Quinidine rootpage-Quinidine skin-vector action-view


text:
Center for the Promotion of Imports
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The Centre for the Promotion of Imports (Dutch: Centrum tot Bevordering van de Import uit ontwikkelingslanden) from developing countries (internationally known by its Dutch acronym CBI) was established in 1971. CBI is an Agency of the Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs and part of the development cooperation effort of the foreign relations of the Netherlands.
CBI contributes to the economic development of developing countries by strengthening the competitiveness of companies from those countries on the markets of the European Union and EFTA. The primary clients and direct beneficiaries of CBI are (1) Exporters; companies who (wish to) export to Europe, (2) Business Support Organisations (BSOs) in developing countries and (3)Importers / Outsourcers; companies in Europe who (wish to) buy from developing countries.
CBI offers a variety of market information tools to keep exporters and Business Support Organisations (BSOs) in developing countries in step with the very latest development on the EU market. It includes information about relevant governmental and voluntary and non-tariff barriers. It has an on-line facility that links well-versed suppliers in developing countries eligible for CBI assistance to reliable importing companies in the EU. Its export coaching activities are designed to assist entrepreneurs in developing countries in entering and succeeding on the European markets and/or consolidating or expanding their existing market share. CBI provides training for exporters and business support organisations on among others general export marketing and management, trade promotion, management of international trade fair participations and developing client-oriented market information systems.
CBI is also involved in institutional support for capacity building for selected business support organisations in export marketing and management, market information systems, institutional development and export diversification.
External links[edit]
CBI home page
CBI market information database
Netherlands Ministry of Foreign Affairs
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Center_for_the_Promotion_of_Imports&oldid=771254761"
Categories:
Government agencies of the Netherlands
Hidden categories:
Articles containing Dutch-language text
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Nederlands
Edit links
This page was last edited on 20 March 2017, at 13:56 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: b

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Development_cooperation
mw-redirect
Development cooperation

value: p

values:
/wiki/Developing_countries
mw-redirect
Developing countries

values: /wiki/EFTA mw-redirect EFTA

values:
/wiki/Non-tariff_barrier
mw-redirect
Non-tariff barrier

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.cbi.eu/marketinfo

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.minbuza.nl/en/home

values: Category:Government agencies of the Netherlands

values: Category:Articles containing Dutch-language text

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Centrum tot Bevordering van de Import uit ontwikkelingslanden – Dutch

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Center_for_the_Promotion_of_Imports rootpage-Center_for_the_Promotion_of_Imports skin-vector action-view