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The Amazing Race 5
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The Amazing Race 5
Season Run
July 6 – September 21, 2004
Filming dates
January 30 – February 27, 2004
No. of Episodes
12
Presenter
Phil Keoghan
Winning team
Chip & Kim McAllister
All-Stars
Charla Faddoul & Mirna Hindoyan
Season Stats
Continents visited
6
Countries visited
11
Cities visited
31
No. of legs
13
Distance traveled
72,000 mi (116,000 km)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 4
Next →
Season 6
The Amazing Race 5 is the fifth installment of the American reality television show The Amazing Race. The Amazing Race 5 featured 11 teams of two, with a pre-existing relationship, in a race around the world.
This season premiered on July 6, 2004, with weekly showings at 8:00 pm EDT, followed by the Tuesday edition of Big Brother 5. The 2-hour season finale aired on September 21, 2004.
Married parents Chip and Kim McAllister were the winners of the race, and were the first African-American team to win the competition.
A DVD for this season was released on April 24, 2012, via Amazon.com's CreateSpace program.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Production
1.1 Development and filming
1.2 Cast
2 Results
3 Episode title quotes
4 Prizes
5 Race summary
5.1 Leg 1 (United States → Uruguay)
5.2 Leg 2 (Uruguay → Argentina)
5.3 Leg 3 (Argentina)
5.4 Leg 4 (Argentina → Russia)
5.5 Leg 5 (Russia → Egypt)
5.6 Leg 6 (Egypt)
5.7 Leg 7 (Egypt → Kenya → Tanzania)
5.8 Leg 8 (Tanzania → United Arab Emirates)
5.9 Leg 9 (United Arab Emirates → India)
5.10 Leg 10 (India → New Zealand)
5.11 Leg 11 (New Zealand → Philippines)
5.12 Leg 12 (Philippines)
5.13 Leg 13 (Philippines → Canada → United States)
6 Ratings
6.1 US ratings
7 References
8 External links
Production[edit]
Development and filming[edit]
The race's starting line was at Santa Monica Pier in Santa Monica, California.
After the anemic ratings for The Amazing Race 4, CBS chairman and CEO Les Moonves doubted whether the series would be renewed for another season.[2] After much deliberation, CBS officially ordered a fifth installment of the Race in September 2003. Some observers cited the series' recent Emmy win as the factor behind its renewal.[3] While CBS flirted with the idea of a fall premiere, it ultimately gave Season 5 a summer broadcast to create momentum for The Amazing Race 6 on the fall schedule.[4]
This season introduced two major twists to the Race: the Yield and a non-elimination penalty.[5] The Yield allowed one team to force another team to stop racing for a predetermined amount of time. The Yield was available on each leg, though it was not presented on each episode. The non-elimination penalty meant teams finishing last on non-elimination legs were stripped of any money they had accumulated and received no money at the start of the next leg. This was also the first season to see the number of Fast Forwards reduced; only two were available in the entire Race.[6]
The Amazing Race 5 lasted 31–32 days and traveled 72,000 miles (116,000 km), which was the longest race route yet, covering six continents (that was later matched by The Amazing Race 11) and eleven countries. The teams visited nine countries not previously seen on the show, including Uruguay, Argentina, Russia, Egypt, Kenya, Tanzania, United Arab Emirates, Philippines and Canada. This is the first time the former Soviet Union and the Middle East were visited on the race. Also, for the first time the final leg had an intermediate destination in a foreign country.
During pre-production the producers moved the Dubai leg of the race from the originally planned location of Istanbul, Turkey. The reason for this decision has not been disclosed. Istanbul was eventually visited by the Race two seasons later.
The Zorb task in Leg 10 was filmed at a New Zealand farm owned by one of Keoghan's friends; prior to the season, Keoghan had experienced rolling in the Zorb from his friend and insisted it be a task on the show.[7]
Marshall and Lance were the first team in Amazing Race history to quit following Marshall's knee injury during the leg 6 roadblock in Luxor, Egypt. When the team arrived at the final roadblock site after all the other teams had left, the decision was made to give up rather than complete the frustrating 'needle in a haystack' digging task.
Two challenges were edited out of the program since they did not affect team placement. The first was a nut finding Roadblock in the markets of Dubai; the second, a tipi building challenge in Banff, Alberta.[8]
Cast[edit]
See also: List of The Amazing Race (U.S. TV series) contestants
Brandon and Nicole finished the race in third place.
Applications were due on October 8, 2003. Filming began on January 30, 2004 and finished on February 27, 2004.[9]
Following two seasons that featured twelve teams, the contestant pool was reduced to eleven for this season. They included a military man, a dating widowed couple, female twins, a former Big Brother contestant, a team member with dwarfism, and a few beauty pageant queens.
Chip portrayed a young Muhammad Ali in the 1977 film The Greatest (Ali portrayed the adult version of himself).
Erika, Alison, Nicole and Christie competed against one another in various beauty pageants. Christie was a former Miss Teen USA champion, while Nicole was the winner of Miss Texas USA.
Charla & Mirna returned to participate in The Amazing Race All-Stars among a cast of returning teams from seasons 1-10.
Colin & Christie were engaged on CBS's Early Show.[citation needed] They were invited to participate in The Amazing Race All-Stars, but had to decline due to Christie's pregnancy.
Erika became a producer with the show and was on-hand during the Season 12 open casting call in Cabazon, California. Erika is credited with recruiting the show's first and second all-female winning teams, anesthesiologists Nat & Kat, the winners of Season 17, and sisters Kisha & Jen, the winners of Season 18.
Alison of CBS's Big Brother 4 was the first contestant on a previously aired reality show to take part in this race. Alison later appeared on Big Brother: All Stars and was the first person voted out.
In 2005, Chip, Kim, Charla and Mirna all competed on the Bravo reality series Battle of the Network Reality Stars, along with 28 other individuals from various reality series. Mirna was a member of the winning team.
The show also featured Miss Uruguay Natalia Rodriguez Lassiy, who competed in Miss World 2003, as a greeter at the Uruguay pit stop, and Luli Arroyo, the daughter of then-Philippine president, Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo as the local greeter at the Manila pit stop.
Results[edit]
The following teams participated in the Race, each listed along with their placements in each leg and relationships as identified by the program. Note that this table is not necessarily reflective of all content broadcast on television, owing to the inclusion or exclusion of some data. Placements are listed in finishing order:
Team
Relationship
Position (by leg)
Roadblocks performed1
<1>
<2>
<3>
<4>
<5>
<6>
<7>
<8>
<9ƒ>
<10>
11
12
13
Chip & Kim
Married Parents 8th2 8th 7th 1st 4th 2nd 1st 3rd 2nd 4th 1st> 2nd 1st Chip 10, Kim 1
Colin & Christie
Dating 7th 6th 1st 2nd 1stƒ 1st 2nd 1st 1st 1st 4th< 3rd 2nd Colin 9, Christie 1
Brandon & Nicole
Dating/Models 6th 1st 3rd 5th 3rd 4th 4th 2nd 5th 3rd 3rd 1st 3rd Brandon 10, Nicole 1
Linda & Karen
Bowling Moms 3rd 4th 6th 6th 7th 6th 3rd 4th 3rd 2nd 2nd 4th Linda 4, Karen 6
Kami & Karli
Twins 9th2 9th 5th 7th 6th 3rd 5th 5th 4th 5th Kami 5, Karli 3
Charla & Mirna
Cousins 5th 2nd 2nd 4th 2nd 5th 6th Charla 4, Mirna 2
Marshall & Lance
Brothers 2nd 7th 8th 3rd 5th 7th3 Marshall 1, Lance 4
Bob & Joyce
Internet Dating Couple 4th 5th 4th 8th Bob 1, Joyce 2
Jim & Marsha
Military Dad & Daughter 10th 3rd 9th Jim 1, Marsha 1
Alison & Donny
Dating 1st 10th Alison 0, Donny 1
Dennis & Erika
Once Engaged 11th Dennis 0, Erika 0
A red team placement indicates that the team was eliminated.
An underlined blue team placement indicates that the team was the last to arrive at a pit stop in a non-elimination leg of the race. The teams were forced to relinquish all of their money and were not allotted money for the next leg.
A green ƒ indicates that the team won a Fast Forward clue. If placed next to a leg number, this indicates that the Fast Forward was available for that leg but not used.
A yellow > indicates that the team chose to use the Yield; < indicates the team who received it; <> around the leg number indicates that the Yield for that leg was available but not used.
^ The Roadblock count does not include the results of the unaired Roadblock from Leg 8.
^a b Chip & Kim and Kami & Karli initially arrived 1st and 2nd, respectively, but they had missed the clue to the Detour, having simply arrived by chance at one of the options. They had to go back and retrieve the clue before checking in, causing them to fall to 8th and 9th, respectively.
^ Marshall & Lance, exhausted and already in dead last, decided to quit the race during the Roadblock, marking the first time ever that host Phil Keoghan had to eliminate a team still on the race course.
Episode title quotes[edit]
Episode titles are often taken from quotes made by the racers.
"Clearly, I'm More Intelligent than You" – Alison
"It Turned Ugly Just Now" – Kami
"I Got Electrocuted" – Charla
"Who Says Pageant Girls Don't Eat?" – Brandon
"Are You Good at Puzzles?" – Brandon
"Why Can't We Get a Camel?" – Marshall
"Are You Sure This is Safe?" – Nicole
"I'm Going to Jail" – Colin
"If You're Going to Whine, Just Shut Up!" – Karen
"If They're Screwing the Helmet to My Head, It Can't Be Good!" – Linda
"It's Okay, Run Them Over!" – Christie
"You've Just Made Me a Millionaire" – Chip
Prizes[edit]
Individual prizes were awarded to the first team to complete a leg.
Leg 1 - A vacation to Hawaii provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 6 - A vacation to exotic Mexico provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 7 - A vacation to sunny Latin America provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 8 - A vacation to sunny Caribbean provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 9 - A vacation to exotic Mexico provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 10 - A vacation to Europe provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 11 - A vacation to Hawaii provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 12 - A vacation to sunny Caribbean provided by American Airlines website AA.com.
Leg 13 - $1,000,000
Race summary[edit]
Route map
Destinations
Air travel Rail travel Water travel Bus travel
Route Markers
Detour Roadblock Fast Forward Yield Pit Stop
Leg 1 (United States → Uruguay)[edit]
In Punta del Este, Uruguay, teams visited The Hand in the Sand.
Airdate: July 6, 2004
Santa Monica, California, United States (Santa Monica Pier) (Starting Point)
Los Angeles (Los Angeles International Airport) to Montevideo, Uruguay (Carrasco International Airport)
Montevideo (Carrasco International Airport) to Punta del Este (Bus station)
Punta del Este (The Hand in the Sand)
Gorriti Island (Overnight Rest)
Gorriti Island to Punta del Este (Dock)
Maldonado (José Francisco González Meat Warehouse)
Punta del Este (Conrad Hotel)
Punta Ballena (Casapueblo)
The first Detour of the Race was Zips or Chips. In both detours, teams must get into the Conrad Hotel. In Zips, teams had to ascend into a penthouse of the hotel across and travel by zip-line 210 feet (64 m) above the ground, then take a second zip line 18 stories down to the hotel pool to receive their next clue. In Chips, teams had to play roulette in the hotel casino with 20 chips and would receive their clue if they won a game. If they lost all of their chips, they would have to do the Zips task.
Additional tasks
At the start of the leg, teams had instructed from their clues that there would be two flights available to their first destination city: Montevideo, Uruguay. The first flight would carry four teams, the second flight would also carry seven teams but arrives earlier than the first flight.
At the Gorriti Island, teams had to search for three different tickets hidden on 11 trees for a 30-minute intervals, starting at 8:00 a.m., 8:30 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. the next day. Once they claimed the ticket, they may not switch another one.
At the José Francisco González Meat Warehouse, teams had to carry a 55-pound slab of meat, 0.5 miles (0.80 km) from the meat warehouse, then deliver it to La Rosada Carniceria and the butcher will pick up their next clue.
Additional notes
Teams had a choice to take one of two flights from Los Angeles to Montevideo and then take a bus to Punta del Este, Uruguay.
Leg 2 (Uruguay → Argentina)[edit]
Upon arriving in Buenos Aires, teams visited the grave of Evita Perón in la Recoleta Cemetery.
Airdate: July 13, 2004
Montevideo (Shake Mega Disco)
Colonia del Sacramento (Ferry Station) to Buenos Aires, Argentina (Avenida Antártida Argentina (in Spanish))
Buenos Aires (Recoleta Cemetery – Grave of Evita Perón)
Buenos Aires (Recoleta Cemetery and Floralis Genérica or Teatro Lola Membrives (in Spanish))
San Antonio de Areco (La Estancia La Invernada)
San Antonio de Areco (La Porteña)
In this leg's Detour, teams had a choice between Perro or Tango. In Perro, teams must take on the extremely popular job of dog walking to at least walk eight dogs on a 1 mi (1.6 km) course begin outside the cemetery, while using a provided map to navigate past a series of three checkpoints to their final destination, Floralis Genérica. In Tango, teams had to travel across to Teatro Lola Membrives and filled with similar-looking tango dancers. Teams were given a photo of a tango dancer; their task was to find the dancer who matched their photo, they would receive their next clue. If the teams gave it to the wrong dancer, the dancer would take the photo and they would have to get a new picture and try again.
The first Roadblock of the race was to play a game traditionally played by children in a ranch, ribbon roping. One team member must enter a corral and attempt to remove a bandana from the neck of one of the calves and a gaucho woman would give them their next clue.
Additional tasks
At the start of the leg, teams had find a plastic ball on a dance floor filled with foam and rip the ball open to get the clue inside.
Upon arriving in Buenos Aires, teams had to find the correct grave of former Argentine first lady Evita Perón inside Recoleta Cemetery to get their next clue.
Leg 3 (Argentina)[edit]
Upon arriving in San Carlos de Bariloche, teams travelled to the Civic Center, where the mayor would hand them their clue.
Airdate: July 20, 2004
Buenos Aires (Aeroparque Jorge Newbery) to San Carlos de Bariloche (Teniente Luis Candelaria International Airport)
San Carlos de Bariloche (Civic Center)
San Carlos de Bariloche (Del Turista Chocolate Factory)
San Carlos de Bariloche (Villa Catedral)
Bahia Lopez
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member to search through 11,000 chocolates (by biting into them) until they located one with a white center. Of these 11,000 chocolates, 20 of them had a white center. When the white center is found, the factory worker would get their next clue.
The Detour of this leg was a choice between Smooth Sailing or Rough Riding. In Smooth Sailing, each team member had to paraglide in tandem with an instructor off the edge of the hill. They would sail 5,000-foot (1,500 m) through the air and back down to the mountain. When they successfully landed, the paraglider would get their next clue. In Rough Riding, each team must ride a mountain bike on a 6 miles (9.7 km) through a rugged trail course down the mountain. When they had completed the course, they would receive their next clue.
Additional task
At the start of the leg, teams had to choose a marked car to drive themselves to Aeroparque Jorge Newbery to catch a domestic flight to San Carlos de Bariloche. Upon arrival, they made their way to the Civic Center and had to find the mayor who would hand them their next clue.
Leg 4 (Argentina → Russia)[edit]
Teams ended this leg of the race at Catherine's Palace outside Saint Petersburg.
Airdate: July 27, 2004
San Carlos de Bariloche (Bariloche Bus Station) to Buenos Aires (Retiro bus station)
Buenos Aires (Ministro Pistarini International Airport) to Saint Petersburg, Russia (Pulkovo Airport)
Saint Petersburg (Battleship Aurora)
Saint Petersburg (SKA hockey rink or Anichkov Palace)
Saint Petersburg (Bronze Horseman)
Pushkin (Old Tower Restaurant)
Pushkin (Catherine's Palace)
The Detour of this leg was a choice between Block 5 Shots or Drink 1 Shot. In Block 5 Shots, teams had to travel to SKA hockey rink, dress up into a professional hockey gear and step to the goal's position to block five slap shots by professional hockey players. If the shots are blocked, a coach would get their next clue. In Drink 1 Shot, teams had to travel to Anichkov Palace where they had to perform a cossack ritual. They would balance a shot glass of vodka on the blade of a saber, and tilt the sword to drink the vodka to their mouth without even dropping the glass. If they've both successfully done the drink, they would receive their next clue.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to eat 1 kilogram (2.2 lb) of caviar. When the caviar is successfully eaten, a waiter would give them their next clue.
Additional task
After completed the Roadblock, teams must ride in a horse-drawn carriage to the Pit Stop at Catherine's Palace.
Leg 5 (Russia → Egypt)[edit]
In Cairo, teams visited the infamous Giza pyramid complex, including The Sphinx as the Pit Stop.
Airdate: August 3, 2004
Pushkin to Saint Petersburg (Vitebsky Rail Terminal)
Saint Petersburg (Hermitage Museum)
Saint Petersburg (Pulkovo Airport) to Cairo, Egypt (Cairo International Airport)
Cairo (Tower of Cairo)
Cairo (Pharaonic Village)
Giza (Giza pyramid complex – Osiris Shaft)
Giza (Base of the Pyramid)
Giza (Sphinx)
In this Fast Forward, teams had to go to the Pharaonic Village and find a marked sarcophagus. They have to transport it through the village, across a ferry, and to a temple. Once they handed it over to the priest, they would receive the Fast Forward award.
In the leg's Roadblock, one team member had to descend down a series of ladders into the depths of Osiris Shaft 140 feet (43 m) below sea level. Then, they retrieved a satchel containing a full puzzle pieces, which they had to carry back up the ladder to the surface and presented it to an Egyptologist to get the next clue.
The Detour of this leg was a choice between Rock & Roll or Hump & Ride. In Rock & Roll, teams had to use traditional techniques to transport two rocks weighing approximately 600 pounds (270 kg) across an area the size of a football field. Teams had to use round logs underneath a sled like object to move the heavy object. In Hump & Ride, teams had to pick a pair of camels hitched to a cart loaded with carpets from a merchant and drive them through the desert to receive the next clue.
Additional task
At the Hermitage Museum, teams had to find the painting of The Return of the Prodigal Son by Rembrandt. Once they have found the painting, the curator would hand them their next clue.
Teams had to use the puzzle pieces in the satchel collected at the Roadblock to build a puzzle on top of a marked area on a map to figure out their next destination. The puzzle had a missing piece and had to mark on a hole to locate them from the map, the base of the Pyramids.
Leg 6 (Egypt)[edit]
Upon arriving in the ancient city of Luxor, teams visited the Karnak temple complex to find their next clue.
Airdate: August 10, 2004
Giza (Great Pyramids)
Cairo (Old Cairo Airport) to Luxor (Luxor International Airport)
Luxor (Karnak)
Luxor (Nile River – Banana Island or Pigeon Farm)
Luxor (Habu Temple)
Luxor (West Nile Ferry Port) to Crocodile Island
Luxor (Crocodile Island)
The Detour of this leg was a choice between Herd It or Haul It. In both detours, teams have travel to a traditional carriage known as kalesh. In Herd It, teams had travel to Banana Island for load ten goats into a sailboat and deliver them to a shepherd on the other side of the Nile River and give the animals to a waiting shepherd for exchange in their next clue. In Haul It, teams travel 3 miles (4.8 km) to a pigeon farm and where they had to fill an urn with water to the marked level. Teams had to use an ancient device to lift water from the river, then transport it by donkey to fill a cistern into a marked line. When it is filled in a correct mark, they will get their next clue.
In the leg's Roadblock, one team member had to choose a large dig site to use archeological tools to dig, in a marked plot of sand, for unearth a scarab, a beetle stone carving which is a part of Egyptian mythology. When the scarab is found hidden on a sand, an archeologist will give them their next clue.
Additional task
At the Great Pyramids, teams had to descend 350 feet (110 m) to a narrow shaft into a deep claustrophobic cavern known as Creation Room inside the Pyramid to find their next clue.
Additional note
When teams leaving to Luxor, they may take a scheduled commercial flight or a charter flight to be departed at 11:30 a.m.
Leg 7 (Egypt → Kenya → Tanzania)[edit]
Teams ended this leg of the Race was the lookout over Lake Manyara in Tanzania.
Airdate: August 17, 2004
Luxor (Luxor International Airport) to Nairobi, Kenya (Jomo Kenyatta International Airport)
Nairobi (Jomo Kenyatta International Airport to Kilimanjaro, Tanzania (Kilimanjaro International Airport)
Kilimanjaro (Bus station) to Mto wa Mbu, Monduli
Kibaoni (Kavishe Hotel)
Lake Manyara (Lookout)
The Detour on this leg was a choice between Buzzing or Busy. In Buzzing, teams had to travel by bicycle to a local honey farm. There, they have to put on beekeeper suits and work together to harvest 2 kilograms (4.4 lb) of honey from traditional African hives in order to receive their next clue. In Busy, teams have to find a specific shop, where they have to load two chairs onto a bicycle-driven cart. When the chairs are delivered to a specific address, the house owner would give teams a receipt. Teams then have to return to the shopkeeper and give him the receipt to get their clue.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member have to crack an ostrich egg and pour it enough of the egg on a wooden bowl. The restaurant owner would cook to allow them to eat a whole egg when the bowl is completely full. Then, they must cook a portion of it and scramble it equal to two dozen chicken eggs and eat them all to get their next clue.
Additional tasks
At the Z. Boskovic Air Charters, teams had to sign up for a charter flight to a mystery destination into three separate times within two teams each. The flights were departing at 8:00 a.m., 8:45 a.m., and 9:30 a.m.
After the Roadblock, Teams must do the zip line known as Flying Fox, over the gorge 230 feet (70 m) below to proceed the next pit stop, the lookout at Lake Manyara.
Additional note
Due to the flights out of Luxor to Nairobi, Kenya, teams may take one of two EgyptAir flights to Cairo, both on charter. The first flight was 7:00 am, and the second flight to leave three hours later.
Leg 8 (Tanzania → United Arab Emirates)[edit]
The Burj Al Arab in Dubai was visited for a clue.
Airdate: August 24, 2004
Kilimanjaro (Kilimanjaro International Airport) to Dubai, United Arab Emirates (Dubai International Airport)
Dubai (Burj Al Arab – Helipad) (Unaired)
Dubai (Bur Dubai Abra Port)
Margham (Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve – Margham Dunes)
Margham (Dubai Desert Conservation Reserve – Desert Oasis)
There was a Roadblock that the team member involved to buy through the many stalls for a particular kind of nut on a local market. After purchasing some, and then delivering them to a ship in the nearby harbor, they would receive their next clue. This task, however, was unaired.[10]
The Detour was a choice between Off Plane or Off Road. In Off Plane, teams had to travel to the Al Quwain Aero Club and tandem skydive 10,000 feet (3,000 m) with an instructor to a landing site 40 miles (64 km) in the Margham Dunes. When they had successfully landed in correct zone, they would get their next clue. In Off Road, teams had to travel directly to the Margham Dunes, where they must drive a marked 4x4 over a 6 miles (9.7 km) course to the desert and ending at the skydiving landing site. Teams could get stuck in the sand, forcing them to radio for help, which could take a long time.
Additional tasks
During the start of the leg, teams must sign up for one of three designated times on a charter flight to Nairobi departing every 30 minutes.
After completing the detour, teams must take a camel and use a GPS navigation system program to guide them to the pit stop.
Leg 9 (United Arab Emirates → India)[edit]
Teams ended the infamous Victoria Memorial in Kolkata for this leg.
Airdate: August 31, 2004
Dubai (Wild Wadi)
Dubai (Dubai International Airport) to Kolkata, India (Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport)
Kolkata (Sahid Minar)
Kolkata (Hindu Temple)
Garia (Globe Brick Factory)
Garia to Kolkata (Sealdah Station)
Kolkata (Lansdowne Road or Flower market)
Kolkata (Victoria Memorial)
The Fast Forward instructed teams to travel 7 miles (11 km) to a Hindu Temple and engage in a Hindu cleansing ritual that involves shaving the head of all hair. Once both team members were completely bald, they would win the Fast Forward award.
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had to use a traditional Indian mold to make 20 mud bricks. If they weren't filled in the correct way, they fell apart. Once the factory worker determined that they were all properly formed, they would receive their next clue.
The Detour was a choice between Heavy but Short or Light but Long. In Heavy but Short, teams had to travel over 10 miles (16 km) to Lansdowne Road to transport a taxi a half-mile to a local garage. The taxis have no engines, so teams had to push the taxi in a short distance, where the owner will hand them their next clue. In Light but Long, teams had to travel to Kolkata's largest flower market to find a particular stall and receive a garland, which they must then release into the Ganges for good luck to receive their next clue.
Additional task
At the start of the leg, teams must choose a marked vehicle and drive themselves to Wild Wadi. Upon arrival, both team members had to take a ride down to a free waterfall slide known as Jumeirah Sceirah in order to receive their next clue.
Leg 10 (India → New Zealand)[edit]
While in New Zealand, the team member rode in a Zorb down a hill for the Roadblock.
Airdate: September 7, 2004
Kolkata (Netaji Subhash Chandra Bose International Airport) to Auckland, New Zealand (Auckland Airport)
Rotorua (Rotorua Museum)
Rotorua (Okere Falls or Hell's Gate)
Paengaroa (Matapara Farms)
The Detour of this leg was a choice between Clean or Dirty. In Clean, teams had to drive 13 miles (21 km) to Okere Falls to put on a protective gear and perform an adventure sport called river sledging from Kaituna River. With the help of the two guides, teams must complete 1 mile (1.6 km) course with only a small board, called a sledge for protection. At the end of the course, the instructor would get their next clue. In Dirty, teams had to travel 10 miles (16 km) to Hell's Gate into a bubbling hot mud pit, while had to search the marked area for their next clue, located somewhere in the mud.
In the leg's Roadblock, one team member had to inflate a Zorb and ride it down a hillside. At the bottom of the hill, the rider had to walk the Zorb a short distance to cross a finish line, then get out and join his or her teammate and run to the Pit Stop.
Leg 11 (New Zealand → Philippines)[edit]
While in the Philippines, teams took part in one of the Detours involving ox-drawn plow.
Airdate: September 14, 2004
Auckland (Westhaven Marina)
Auckland (Auckland Harbour Bridge)
Auckland (Auckland Airport) to Manila, Philippines (Ninoy Aquino International Airport)
Imus (Malagueña Motors)
Victoria (Field Behind Giant Duck)
Pasay (Coconut Palace)
In this leg's Roadblock, one team member had travel by boat to Auckland Harbour Bridge and climb a 75-foot (23 m) ladder to the girders beneath the roadway. From there, he or she had to walk along the girders until they reached the clue on the other side. They were then lowered to a waiting boat below.
The Detour was a choice between Plow or Fowl. In Plow, teams had to choose a marked field and use an ox-drawn plow to till the soil, until the plow caught on a buried rope attached to a hidden clue. In Fowl, teams had to work together and herd 1,000 ducks from one pen to another 50 yards (46 m) away.
Additional tasks
At Westhaven Marina, teams must find a yacht named Hydroflow and use the marked handles to lower it down to bring their next clue.
At Malagueña Motors, teams must decorate a jeepney with attaching items to provide completely. Once it decorated properly, teams will get their next clue.
Leg 12 (Philippines)[edit]
The resort town of El Nido was the main site of this Leg.
Airdate: September 21, 2004
Manila (Rizal Park – José Rizal Monument)
Pasay (A. Soriano Aviation)
Manila (Ninoy Aquino International Airport) to El Nido (El Nido Airport)
El Nido (El Nido Pier)
El Nido (Island with the Philippine flag)
El Nido (Island with clue box) (Task shown but not indicated as a Detour)
El Nido (Lagen Wall)
El Nido (Lagen Island)
In the one aired choice for the Detour, teams had to put on snorkel gear and search underwater for one of four giant clams containing their next clue. Although the planned Detour was changed into an additional task. In this leg's Roadblock, one team member to climb a 150-foot (46 m) Lagen Wall using an ascender. Upon completing the ascent, he/she would get the next clue and rappel down back to his/her partner.
Additional tasks
At the Rizal Park, teams had to find the famed national hero José Rizal to locate the monument to search for their next clue.
At A. Soriano Aviation, teams must sign up for of two charter flights to El Nido into two times forty-five minutes apart at 10.45 a.m. or 11.30 a.m.
Upon arrival in El Nido, teams must take a marked jeepney to the El Nido Pier and take a marked boat to a buoy to find their next clue.
Upon arriving at the islands located near El Nido, teams used binoculars and searched the shore of three islands for an island with the Philippine flag (the others were Czech Republic flag and Equatorial Guinea flag in the other nearby islands) and they cannot ask a guide for help. If teams chose an incorrect island, they had to try again. When the correct flag was found, they got their next clue.
After completing the Roadblock, teams had to paddle themselves in a kayak to the pit stop on Lagen Island.
Leg 13 (Philippines → Canada → United States)[edit]
Canada Olympic Park in Calgary, Canada was the location of the final Detour of this leg.
Airdate: September 21, 2004
El Nido (El Nido Airport) to Calgary, Alberta, Canada (Calgary International Airport)
Banff (Shopping task, unaired)
Banff (Outside Banff Springs Hotel) (Unaired)
Banff National Park (Sunshine Village – Lookout Mountain)
Calgary (Canada Olympic Park – Olympic cauldron)
Calgary (Canada Olympic Park – Bobsleigh, luge and skeleton track or Downhill course)
Calgary (Calgary International Airport) to Dallas, Texas, USA (Dallas-Fort Worth International Airport)
Fort Worth (Fort Worth Stockyards – Cowtown Cattlepen Maze)
Dallas (Trammell Crow Park)
There was a final Roadblock of this race, one team member had to build a First Nations teepee outside the Banff Springs Hotel with an example of an exact given model.[8]
The final Detour of the Race was a choice between Slide or Ride. In Slide, teams had to travel to the top of the Olympic luge course, where they would hop into a two-man luge. They had to ride down the course at a wild 40 mph, and had to complete the course in 34 seconds or less. If successful, they would receive their next clue. If they failed, they had to keep trying until they hit the target time. In Ride, teams had to use mountain bikes to complete the Olympic slalom ski course in three minutes or less. However, they would have to traverse down the hill on a mountain bike, riding through the snow. If they could accomplish this, they would receive their next clue.
Additional tasks
At the start of the leg, teams had to take charter flight from El Nido to Manila that will depart at 6:30 a.m.
At the Shopping Center in Banff, teams were given the choice of winter clothing (between a jacket and a pair of gloves). Whatever they chose, they were not allowed to wear the other one for the remainder of their duration in Canada. However, it was unaired.
At the Lookout Mountain, teams had to hike up a 1,000 feet (300 m) snow slope to Continental Divide. At the top, they would find their next clue.
At the Fort Worth Stockyards, teams had to go into the giant maze to find 4 wooden boxes with their names on it, each containing a picture of a place previously visited on the Race (for example, the Canada Olympic Park), using the four keys provided on their respective boards. Then they must take the picture, find their way out of the maze and place it on the board. They must repeat the process for the other two locations with pictures, one at a time, in numerical order. The fourth and last given key from the board will open a wooden box which contains another key that will unlock the glass box on the board, which contains their final clue. The broadcast only showed teams looking for one photograph of the Canada Olympic Park and then finding the box with the key.
Ratings[edit]
US ratings[edit]
Order
Episode
Rating
Share
Rating/Share
(18-49)
Viewers
(millions)
1 "Clearly, I'm More Intelligent than You"
6.4
11
4.3/12[11]
10.30
2 "It Turned Ugly Just Now"
6.4
11
N/A
10.50
3 "I Got Electrocuted"
6.9
12
4.6/13
11.11
12 "You've Just Made Me a Millionaire"
8.2
13
5.6/14
12.85
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The Amazing Race DVD news: Release Date for The Amazing Race - The 5th Season and The Amazing Race - The 6th Season". TVShowsOnDVD.com. Retrieved 2013-01-20.
Jump up ^ Paulsen, Wade (2003-07-24). "CBS says 'The Amazing Race' series may end due to low ratings". Reality TV World. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
Jump up ^ Paulsen, Wade (2003-09-29). "CBS finally OKs fifth edition of 'The Amazing Race'". Reality TV World. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
Jump up ^ Paulsen, Wade (2004-06-23). "CBS keeps 'The Amazing Race 5' on summer schedule, changes fall airtime of 'Race 6'". Reality TV World. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
Jump up ^ Dehnart, Andy (2004-04-06). "Amazing Race 5 adds new game twists and Big Brother 4 cast member.". Reality Blurred. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
Jump up ^ "Why did production reduce the number of Fast Forwards so drastically?". TARFlies. Retrieved 2007-12-29.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Maureen (October 6, 2005). "An interview with Phil Keoghan of "The Amazing Race"". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved July 5, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Edward Hasbrouck, edward@hasbrouck.org (2004-09-15). "The Practical Nomad blog: The Amazing Race comes to Canada". Hasbrouck.org. Retrieved 2013-01-20.
Jump up ^ Rogers, Steve (2003-09-15). "CBS begins accepting applications for 'The Amazing Race 5'". Reality TV World. Retrieved 2010-04-25.
Jump up ^ "Unaired Leg 8 photo from CBS website (archived)". Web.archive.org. 2004-12-10. Archived from the original on December 10, 2004. Retrieved 2013-01-20. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
Jump up ^ "CBS' 'The Amazing Race 5' premiere delivers best ratings since 'The Amazing Race 3' finale". Reality TV World. July 8, 2004. Retrieved 18 February 2014.
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Brooke Burns
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Not to be confused with Brooke Burke.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2018) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Brooke Burns
Burns in July 2010
Born
Brooke Elizabeth Burns
(1978-03-16) March 16, 1978 (age 40)[1]
Dallas, Texas, U.S.[1]
Occupation
Actress
television host
model
Years active
1996–present
Height
5 ft 8.5 in (174 cm)[1]
Spouse(s)
Julian McMahon (m. 1999; div. 2002)
Gavin O'Connor (m. 2013)
Children
2
Brooke Elizabeth Burns (/ˈbrʊk bɛərnz/; born March 16, 1978[1]) is an American fashion model, actress, and television personality. Burns began her television career in 1995, portraying the supporting character Peg, in the Spanish-American teen sitcom Out of the Blue (1995–96), appearing in all episodes but gaining little notoriety. However, Burns won recognition in 1998, when she joined the cast of the action drama series Baywatch alongside David Hasselhoff and Kelly Packard, in her breakthrough role portraying the character Jessie Owens. Burns subsequently starred in Baywatch's second rendition, Baywatch: Hawaii, alongside Simmone Jade Mackinnon, Stacy Kamano and again David Hasselhoff, until she left the show due to her first pregnancy. She appeared in 33 episodes.
After her hiatus, Burns returned to television, appearing in several guest roles, including in the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! and had a major role in the American soap opera North Shore, appearing in all 21 episodes. In 2009, Burns guest starred in the crime drama CSI: Miami.
Burns hosted all episodes of the NBC game show Dog Eat Dog. Burns also hosted 18 episodes of the Fox game show Hole in the Wall, as well as the GSN quiz show The Chase. The Chase was nominated at the 41st Daytime Emmy Awards for the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show, and Burns herself was nominated for the Daytime Emmy Award for Outstanding Game Show Host. In addition to television, Burns has also appeared in minor roles in several films, though not to the same degree of success as her television career. She appeared in the romantic comedy Shallow Hal, the mockbuster disaster Titanic II; a parodical illustration of James Cameron's Titanic, and the drama Where Hope Grows (2014).
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Television
2.2 Film
3 Personal life
3.1 Health and injuries
3.2 Charitable activities
4 Filmography
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Burns was born in Dallas, Texas,[1] the daughter of Brad and Betsy Burns.[2] Burns has two sisters. She was a ballet dancer for 12 years during childhood and started modeling at age 15 after tearing her anterior cruciate ligament in a skiing accident. At age 16, Burns and her family moved to Europe, where she later lived in Paris, Milan, and Munich.[3]
Career[edit]
Television[edit]
From 1998 to 2001, Burns starred in Baywatch as the character Jessie Owens. In 2001, she appeared as Vicki Vale in one of several "Batman" commercials for OnStar, opposite Bruce Thomas's Batman, reprising the role made famous by Kim Basinger in the 1989 Tim Burton-directed Batman film. Burns hosted NBC's Dog Eat Dog from June 2002 to August 2003 and was nominated for a Teen Choice Award. Burns starred in North Shore, a prime-time soap opera that ran for 21 episodes in 2004 and 2005. In 2006, she starred in the WB series Pepper Dennis playing Kathy Dinkle. In 2009, Burns appeared in the first twelve episodes of the updated Melrose Place playing Vanessa, the most recent wife of Dr. Michael Mancini (Thomas Calabro) and mother of his older son's five-year-old son, Noah. Burns was given the chance to participate in the first season of the ABC celebrity diving reality competition Splash but turned it down because of an injury she had received when diving a few years before.[4]
Burns has also appeared on Ally McBeal, Just Shoot Me!, Drop Dead Diva, CSI: Miami, Out of the Blue, To Tell the Truth, and Average Joe: Hawaii. She was nominated for an Emmy in 2016 for best game show host on the GSN game show The Chase with Mark Labbett.[5]
Film[edit]
For her role in the 2001 film Shallow Hal, the Farrelly brothers wrote a specific part for Burns after deciding during her audition that she was the "prettiest dorky girl" they'd ever met.[3] She appeared in a Hallmark Channel Christmas movie, The Most Wonderful Time of the Year, co-starring Henry Winkler, on December 13, 2008. Other films include Smokejumpers, Dancing Trees, Trophy Wife, Art of Travel, and Time and Again. Burns appears in the Nickelback video "Trying Not to Love You" opposite Jason Alexander. Burns and Alexander both appeared in the 2001 movie Shallow Hal.
Personal life[edit]
Burns was married to actor Julian McMahon from 1999 to 2001. McMahon is the son of the former Prime Minister of Australia Sir William McMahon. They have a daughter – Madison Elizabeth McMahon – who was born in June 2000.[6]
She is married to film director Gavin O'Connor;[7] they married on June 22, 2013. She currently resides in Los Angeles.[3]
In October 2016, it was announced that Burns was expecting her second child, a girl;[8] Burns announced that her daughter, Declan Welles, was born January 22, 2017.[9]
Health and injuries[edit]
On November 10, 2005, Burns broke her neck in a diving accident.[3][10] Although she made a full recovery, she has a titanium fusion in her neck consisting of a plate, rod, and ten screws.[3]
Charitable activities[edit]
When Burns was filming Baywatch, she was involved with Camp Baywatch, teaching inner-city children to swim and lifeguard.[3] Burns also supports the Life Rolls On Foundation, an organization that aims to help people with spinal cord injuries return to an active lifestyle.[11] In 2006, as a result of her diving injury, she became involved with the Think First National Injury Prevention Foundation and the North American Spine Society, which aim to raise awareness of spinal injuries.[12]
Filmography[edit]
Year
Film
Role[citation needed]
Notes
2001 Shallow Hal Pretty / Ugly Katrina
2005 The Salon Tami
Single White Female 2: The Psycho Jan Lambert Direct-to-DVD
Death to the Supermodels Eva Direct-to-DVD
2006 Murder on Spec Kate Graham
2007 Urban Decay Sasha
2008 The Art of Travel Darlene Loren
Smoke Jumper aka Trial by Fire Kristin Scott Lifetime TV movie
2009 Dancing Trees Nicole
2010 Titanic II Dr. Kim Patterson Direct-to-DVD
2015 Where Hope Grows Amy Boone
Year
Title
Role[citation needed]
Notes
1996 Out of the Blue Peg 22 episodes
1997 Conan the Adventurer
Hearth
Episode: "The Three Virgins"
Ally McBeal The Girl / Jennifer Higgin 4 episodes
1998–2001 Baywatch: Hawaii Jessie Owens 46 episodes
1999 Mortal Kombat: Conquest Lori Episode: "Festival of Death"
2002 Men, Women & Dogs Kristle Episode: "Cheese Dog"
A Nero Wolfe Mystery Beatrice Epps 2 episodes
2002–2003 Dog Eat Dog Host 26 episodes
Just Shoot Me! Kelly / Cover model 2 episodes
2003 She Spies Nicki Shields Episode: "The Replacement"
Rock Me Baby Erin "White Chocolate" Rimsing Episode: "Girl Power"
2004–2005 North Shore Nicole Booth 21 episodes
2006 Modern Men Angelica Episode: "Give 'Til You Learn"
Pepper Dennis Kathy Dinkle Williams 13 episodes
Trophy Wife Kate Graham Television film (Lifetime)
2007 Time and Again Anna Malone Television film (Lifetime)
2008 Trial by Fire Kristen Television film (Lifetime)
The Most Wonderful Time of the Year Jennifer Cullen Television film (Hallmark)
Miss Guided Lisa Germain 7 episodes
2008–2009 Hole in the Wall Co-host 18 episodes
2009 Mistresses Shannon Barnes Television film (Lifetime)
CSI: Miami Bonnie Galinetti / Marci Reeger Episode: "Chip/Tuck"
Drop Dead Diva Christy Talbot Episode: "Dead Model Walking"
Melrose Place Vanessa Mancini 6 episodes
2011 You Deserve It Hostess 6 episodes
Fixing Pete Ashley Television film (Hallmark)
Borderline Murder Abby Morgan Television film (Lifetime Movies)
2012 Undercover Bridesmaid Tanya Television film (Hallmark)
A Star for Christmas Skylar Television film (ION)
2013 A Sister's Revenge Suzanne Dunne Television film (Lifetime)
2013–2015 The Chase[5] Host 29 episodes
2014 Motor City Masters Host 10 episodes
2015 Community E.T. Host Episode: "Intro to Recycled Cinema"
Gourmet Detective Detective Maggie Price Television film (Hallmark Movies & Mysteries)
Gourmet Detective: A Healthy Place to Die Detective Maggie Price Television film (Hallmark Movies & Mysteries)
2016 Gourmet Detective: Death Al Dente Detective Maggie Price Television film (Hallmark Movies & Mysteries)
Mom Alissa Episode: "Sword Fights and a Dominican Shortstop"
2017 Eat, Drink and Be Buried: A Gourmet Detective Mystery Detective Maggie Price Television film (Hallmark Movies & Mysteries)
Christmas Connection Sydney Television film (Hallmark)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Brooke Burns". Fashion Model Directory. Archived from the original on June 14, 2014. Retrieved April 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Brooke Burns Biography". Filmreference.com. Archived from the original on October 28, 2015. Retrieved December 29, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Aguilar, Candice (Summer 2008), "Brooke Burns Interview", U. Magazine, pp. 6–7, retrieved July 4, 2008
Jump up ^ "Brooke Burns Turned Down Splash Offer Due to Past Diving Accident". MSN Entertainment. Microsoft. April 10, 2013. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Brooke Burns to Host GSN's 'The Chase'". Deadline Hollywood. PMC. May 27, 2013. Retrieved June 19, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Brooke Burns". CelebrityWonder.com. Archived from the original on April 30, 2008. Retrieved July 4, 2008.
Jump up ^ Finn, Natalie (December 13, 2011). "Newly Blond Brooke Burns Engaged to Warrior Director". E!. Retrieved January 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Brooke Burns is Solving Mysteries and Having Babies!". Hollywood Life. October 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ @BrookeBurns (January 27, 2017). "So this happened last weekend. Sunday's child Declan Welles at 4:22am On January 22nd 2017" (Tweet) – via Twitter.
Jump up ^ "Brooke Burns Talks About Near Fatal Swimming Accident". Celebrity Spider. Walker Marketing, Inc. December 19, 2005. Archived from the original on July 24, 2013. Retrieved July 24, 2013.
Jump up ^ "More information". Volunteer Match. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Diving Accident Survivor Brooke Burns Helps Raise Awareness About Diving Injury Prevention This Summer". Business Wire. May 2006. Retrieved June 24, 2017.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Brooke Burns.
Brooke Burns on IMDb
Brooke Burns at AllMovie
Brooke Burns at the Fashion Model Directory
hide
v
t
e
The Chase
International versions
Original series
U.S. version
Australian version
Hosts/presenters
Bradley Walsh (UK)
Brooke Burns (U.S.)
Andrew O'Keefe (Australia)
Tarik Filipović (Croatia)
Sturla Berg-Johansen (Norway)
Alexander Bommes (Germany)
Chasers
Original series
Mark Labbett
Shaun Wallace
Anne Hegerty
Paul Sinha
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U.S. version
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Australian version
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Anne Hegerty
Mark Labbett
Matt Parkinson
Issa Schultz
Shaun Wallace
German version
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Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNF: cb150643586 (data)
ISNI: 0000 0000 7826 8411
LCCN: no2011186594
SUDOC: 16451841X
VIAF: 87583772
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Brooke_Burns&oldid=842246248"
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text:
European colonisation of Southeast Asia
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European colonisation of Southeast Asia
Legend:
France (French Indochina)
Netherlands (Dutch East Indies)
Portugal (Portuguese Timor)
Spain (Spanish East Indies)
United Kingdom (Burma, Malaya and Borneo)
European colonisation of Southeast Asia began as Western influence started to enter the area around the 16th century, when the Dutch and Portuguese were attracted by the lucrative spice trade. The Portuguese arrived in Malacca, Maluku and Timor, and the Spanish established themselves beginning from their conquest of Manila which expand into a larger territory of Spanish East Indies. Throughout the 17th and 18th centuries, the Dutch arrived in Batavia and established the Dutch East Indies, and the British established themselves in the Strait Settlements and further to British Malaya and Borneo as well in Burma. In the 19th century, the French joined their European counterparts in establishing French Indochina. By the turn of the century, all Southeast Asian nations were colonised except for Siam.
European colonisation can be split into two distinct phases: the early phase before the Industrial Revolution, and the phase marked by the Industrial Revolution. The primary motivation for the first phase was the accumulation of wealth, but in the second phase, there was a change in the role of the Europeans in Southeast Asia, and capitalistic concerns were no longer the only source of motivation.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early phase
2 Spread of Christianity
3 Industrialised phase
4 Role of the Europeans
5 Impact
6 List of European colonies
6.1 Independent state
7 Notes
8 References
Early phase[edit]
Portrait of Afonso de Albuquerque, the first European to conquer a part of Southeast Asia of Malacca
In the period between the 15th to late 17th centuries, advances in cartography, shipbuilding and navigational skills gave rise to what is now called the Age of Exploration. During this time, the Europeans made many sea voyages around the world in search of new trading routes and opportunities. An early European to visit Southeast Asia was Niccolò de' Conti, who travelled there in the early 15th century.
The early Europeans were drawn to Southeast Asia by the spice trade. There was a great demand for oriental spices at the time in European markers. The spices from Southeast Asia included pepper, cloves, nutmeg, mace and cinnamon. The spice trade was extremely lucrative and the early Europeans were highly motivated to secure a direct trade route in spices between Europe and Asia.
The spice trade was made possible by the maritime trade route. In 1498, the Portuguese navigator, Vasco da Gama, sailed round the Cape of Good Hope and opened up a sea route from Europe to India. Bringing home samples of exotic oriental products, da Gama greatly increased European interest in the new trade route and the new trade route quickly facilitated the expansion of trade. Eventually, the Dutch wrestled control of it from the Portuguese in the 17th century, and in the 18th century, the British gained control of it from the Dutch. Nevertheless, the spice route greatly increased trading activities, deepened the economic relations between Europe and Southeast Asia and as a result, more European merchants found their way to Southeast Asia.[1]
Wars between Dutch fleet and Portuguese armada as part of the Dutch–Portuguese War in 1606 to gain control of Malacca
Portugal was the first European power to establish a bridgehead on the lucrative maritime Southeast Asia trade route, with the conquest of the Sultanate of Malacca in 1511. The Netherlands and Spain followed and soon superseded Portugal as the main European powers in the region. In 1599, Spain began to colonise the Philippines. In 1619, acting through the Dutch East India Company, the Dutch took the city of Sunda Kelapa, renamed it Batavia (now Jakarta) as a base for trading and expansion into the other parts of Java and the surrounding territory. In 1641, the Dutch took Malacca from the Portuguese.[note 1] Economic opportunities attracted Overseas Chinese to the region in great numbers. In 1775, the Lanfang Republic, possibly the first republic in the region, was established in West Kalimantan, Indonesia, as a tributary state of the Qing Empire; the republic lasted until 1884, when it fell under Dutch occupation as Qing influence waned.[note 2]
Spread of Christianity[edit]
Two Spanish missionaries baptising a Moro convert to Roman Catholicism in Spanish East Indies, circa 1890.
During the 16th century, the Europeans viewed Muslim control of the eastern and southern parts of Europe with concern, as both a religious threat as well as an obstacle to trade. To counter this Muslim threat, the Europeans aimed to spread Christianity across the known world. At the same time, they also searched for profitable trading opportunities. This explained why the Portuguese and Spanish came to Southeast Asia and how they managed to establish their trading ports in strategic locations. By the time the British and the Dutch came to Southeast Asia, trade had become the dominant motive, and religion was less important. Aside from Islam being a widely important religion in Southeast Asia, Buddhism and Hinduism were also popular amongst the Southeast Asian population. A key reason for this could be because of the fact that India and China were neighbours to Southeast Asia.[citation needed]
Industrialised phase[edit]
The arrival of British in Mandalay on 28 November 1885 after the Third Anglo-Burmese War, marking the beginning of British rule in Burma.
The 17th century saw the formation of powerful trading companies such as the British East India Company and its Dutch counterpart VOC (initials for its Dutch name, Verenigde Oost-Indische Compagnie). This was because the ships needed for the maritime spice trade were too expensive for individual merchants to acquire, and the sea route presented numerous challenges which delayed the recovery of initial financial costs. Sea voyages were dangerous and, before the advent of steam engines, depended on the wind which meant that the journeys were long and unpredictable.
The British East India Company led by Josiah Child, had little interest or impact in the region, and were effectively expelled following the Siam–England war (1687). Britain, in the guise of the British East India Company, turned their attention to the Bay of Bengal following the Peace with France and Spain (1783). During the conflicts, Britain had struggled for naval superiority with the French, and the need of good harbours became evident. Penang Island had been brought to the attention of the Government of India by Francis Light. In 1786, the settlement of George Town was founded at the northeastern tip of Penang Island by Captain Francis Light, under the administration of Sir John Macpherson; this marked the beginning of British expansion into the Malay Peninsula.[2][note 3]
In the latter half of the 18th century, however, Europe experienced a massive advancements in science, industry and technology, and this created a tremendous gap in the power relations between the Europeans and people in other parts of the world, including Southeast Asia. This period also saw the initial stages of growing industrialisation that would increase European demand for raw materials. Southeast Asia happened to be rich in the resources needed.
View of Commercial Square (now known as Raffles' Square) in Singapore circa 1900.
The last quarter of the 19th century was a period when the European economies experienced the full effects of the Industrial Revolution. During this time, there was extensive use of machines to manufacture goods which increased production. This led to a growing accumulation of surplus goods. The manufacturers were thus compelled to find overseas markets to sell their products and increase their profits. One solution was to develop markets in new territories such as Southeast Asia that could use their manufactured goods. This led to the next phase of establishing colonial territories that could be retained as monopoly markets by the Europeans.
However, industrialisation took place against increasing competition among the European powers. This was encouraged by changes in the continental balance of power. The Napoleonic Wars unseated French power. The commercial and naval powers of Britain, which were unrivalled for a time, started to erode later on. Competition among European powers led to the practice of carving up the world into spheres of influence. There was also the need to fill ‘vacuums’ of territories that would otherwise fall under the influence of another competing European power.
The British temporarily possessed Dutch territories during the Napoleonic Wars; and Spanish areas in the Seven Years' War. In 1819, Stamford Raffles established Singapore as a key trading post for Britain in their rivalry with the Dutch. However, their rivalry cooled in 1824 when an Anglo-Dutch treaty demarcated their respective interests in Southeast Asia. British rule in Burma began with the first Anglo-Burmese War (1824–1826).
British logging in North Borneo in 1926
Early United States entry into what was then called the East Indies (usually in reference to the Malay Archipelago) was low key. In 1795, a secret voyage for pepper set sail from Salem, Massachusetts on an 18-month voyage that returned with a bulk cargo of pepper, the first to be so imported into the country, which sold at the extraordinary profit of seven hundred per cent.[3] In 1831, the merchantman Friendship of Salem returned to report the ship had been plundered, and the first officer and two crewmen murdered in Sumatra. The Anglo-Dutch Treaty of 1824 obligated the Dutch to ensure the safety of shipping and overland trade in and around Aceh, who accordingly sent the Royal Netherlands East Indies Army on the punitive expedition of 1831. President Andrew Jackson also ordered America's first Sumatran punitive expedition of 1832, which was followed by a punitive expedition in 1838. The Friendship incident thus afforded the Dutch a reason to take over Ache; and Jackson, to dispatch diplomatist Edmund Roberts,[4] who in 1833 secured the Roberts Treaty with Siam. In 1856 negotiations for amendment of this treaty, Townsend Harris stated the position of the United States:
The United States does not hold any possessions in the East, nor does it desire any. The form of government forbids the holding of colonies. The United States therefore cannot be an object of jealousy to any Eastern Power. Peaceful commercial relations, which give as well as receive benefits, is what the President wishes to establish with Siam, and such is the object of my mission.[5]
From the end of the 1850s onwards, while the attention of the United States shifted to maintaining their union, the pace of European colonisation shifted to a significantly higher gear.
Plywood factory in Sabang off Sumatra, Dutch East Indies, image taken before 1927
This phenomenon, denoted New Imperialism, saw the conquest of nearly all Southeast Asian territories by the colonial powers. The Dutch East India Company and British East India Company were dissolved by their respective governments, who took over the direct administration of the colonies. Only Siam did not experience foreign rule, though Siam, too, was greatly influenced by the politics of the Western powers. The Monthon reforms of the late 19th century continuing up till around 1910, imposed a Westernised form of government on the country's partially independent cities called Mueang, such that the country could be said to have successfully colonised itself.[6] Western powers did, however, continue to interfere in both internal and external affairs.[7][8]
By 1913, the British had occupied Burma, Malaya and the northern Borneo territories, the French controlled Indochina, the Dutch ruled the Netherlands East Indies while Portugal managed to hold on to Portuguese Timor. In the Philippines, the 1872 Cavite Mutiny was a precursor to the Philippine Revolution (1896–1898). When the Spanish–American War began in Cuba in 1898, Filipino revolutionaries declared Philippine independence and established the First Philippine Republic the following year. In the Treaty of Paris of 1898 that ended the war with Spain, the United States gained the Philippines and other territories; in refusing to recognise the nascent republic, America effectively reversed her position of 1856. This led directly to the Philippine–American War, in which the First Republic was defeated; wars followed with the Republic of Zamboanga, the Republic of Negros and the Republic of Katagalugan, all of which were also defeated.
A workshop in Hanoi, French Indochina circa 1935
The Long Depression also intensified the competition among the European powers. This period of prolonged economic recession saw severe price deflation as well as factors unfavourable to trade. The European governments responded to this crisis by promoting home industries and minimising trade with other European countries. However, as domestic markets and export opportunities quickly became saturated, finding new markets for manufactured goods became more urgent. New colonies overseas, not exposed to the same economic conditions, provided the perfect solution.
During the mid-19th century, the Europeans had certain goals which they regarded as important in the humanitarian sense. One of these goals was expressed in the slogan, ‘The White Man's Burden’ (taken from a line in a poem by Rudyard Kipling), which was the mission to ‘civilise’ (uplift, advance) the ‘less fortunate’ and ‘less gifted’ people of Southeast Asia. Towards this end, they implemented policies providing educational and healthcare services. However, this humanitarian concern was influenced by political concerns, and sometimes arose more out of cultural arrogance than genuine sympathy.
Sometimes, the acquisition of colonies was an attempt to revive declining political and economic status rather than a show of power. France was preoccupied with expanding her colonial empire to recover from her humiliating defeat in the Franco-Prussian war. Britain, having lost her dominance in the world economy to newly industrialised countries such as Germany (Prussia united all the German states to form Germany in 1871 after the victory in the Franco-Prussian war) and the United States, saw empire-building as a necessary recourse. It was generally assumed that the establishment of colonies to protect existing trade links would prevent further decline of the European powers.
Role of the Europeans[edit]
In the early phase, European control in Southeast Asia was largely confined to the establishment of trading posts. These trading posts were used to store the oriental products obtained from the local traders before they were exported to the European markets. Such trading posts had to be located along major shipping routes and their establishments had to be approved by the local ruler so that peace would prevail for trade to take place. Malacca, Penang, Batavia and Singapore were all early trading posts.
The role of the Europeans changed, however, in the industrialised phase as their control expanded beyond their trading posts. As the trading posts grew due to an increase in the volume of trade, demand for food supplies and timber (to build and repair ships) also increased. To ensure a reliable supply of food and timber, the Europeans were forced to deal with the local communities nearby. These marked the beginnings of territorial control. A good example is the case of Batavia. There, the Dutch extended control over parts of western Java and later to central Java and the east where rice was grown and timber found.
To ensure that trade flourish, the Europeans had to maintain political stability. Sometimes, they interfered with the internal affairs of the natives to maintain peace. The Europeans also tried to impose their culture on their colonies.
Impact[edit]
Colonial rule had had a profound effect on Southeast Asia. While the colonial powers profited much from the region's vast resources and large market, colonial rule did develop the region to a varying extent. Commercial agriculture, mining and an export based economy developed rapidly during this period. The introduction Christianity bought by the colonist also have profound effect in the societal change.
Increased labor demand resulted in mass immigration, especially from British India and China, which brought about massive demographic change. The institutions for a modern nation state like a state bureaucracy, courts of law, print media and to a smaller extent, modern education, sowed the seeds of the fledgling nationalist movements in the colonial territories. In the inter-war years, these nationalist movements grew and often clashed with the colonial authorities when they demanded self-determination.
The expansion of European dominance through colonialism was considered extraordinary as it affected the entirety of Southeast Asia significantly. Later on, more common features would emerge, such as the rise of nationalist movements, the Japanese occupation of Southeast Asia, and later the Cold War that engulfed many parts of the region. Taken altogether, it can be said that a common core of historical experiences existed, and that this core defined the region, thus justifying the use of the term ‘Southeast Asia’ to describe the region as a single entity.
List of European colonies[edit]
British Burma (1824–1948, merged with India by the British from 1886 to 1937)
French Indochina (1887–1953, now the countries of Vietnam, Cambodia and Laos), including:
French Laos (1893-1953)
French Cambodia (1863-1953)
Annam (now Vietnam) (1883-1953)
Malaya (now part of Malaysia):
Portuguese Malacca (1511–1641)
Dutch Malacca (1641–1824)
British Malaya, included:
Straits Settlements (1826–1946)
Penang – British colony (1786–1957)
Singapore – British colony (1819–1963)
Malacca – British colony (1824–1957)
Federated Malay States (1895–1946)
Unfederated Malay States (1885-1946)
Federation of Malaya (under British rule, 1948–1963)
British Borneo (now part of Malaysia), including:
Labuan (1848–1946)
North Borneo (1882–1941)
Crown Colony of North Borneo (1946–1963)
Crown Colony of Sarawak (1946–1963)
British Brunei (1888–1984, British protectorate)
Philippines:
Spanish East Indies (1565–1898, 2nd longest European occupation in Asia, 333 years),
British Manila (1762-1764 , Shortly British occupation in Philippines, 2 years)
Insular Government of the Philippine Islands and Commonwealth of the Philippines, United States of America colony (1898–1946)
Portuguese Timor (1702–1975, now East Timor)
Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) – Dutch colony from 1602–1949 (included Netherlands New Guinea until 1962)
Independent state[edit]
Siam (now Thailand) – was the only independent state in Southeast Asia, but had Britain sphere of influence in the north and south and France in the Northeast and East.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ For fifty or sixty years, the Portuguese enjoyed the exclusive trade to China and Japan. In 1717, and again in 1732, the Chinese government offered to make Macao the emporium for all foreign trade, and to receive all duties on imports; but, by a strange infatuation, the Portuguese government refused, and its decline is dated from that period. (Roberts, 2007 PDF image 173 p. 166)
Jump up ^ Other experiments in republicanism in adjacent regions were the Japanese Republic of Ezo (1869) and the Republic of Taiwan (1895).
Jump up ^ Company agent John Crawfurd used the census taken in 1824 for a statistical analysis of the relative economic prowess of the peoples there, giving special attention to the Chinese: The Chinese amount to 8595, and are landowners, field-labourers, mechanics of almost every description, shopkeepers, and general merchants. They are all from the two provinces of Canton and Fo-kien, and three-fourths of them from the latter. About five-sixths of the whole number are unmarried men, in the prime of life : so that, in fact, the Chinese population, in point of effective labour, may be estimated as equivalent to an ordinary population of above 37,000, and, as will afterwards be shown, to a numerical Malay population of more than 80,000! (Crawfurd image 48. p.30)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "About the Silk Road". UNESCO. Retrieved 6 April 2018. Throughout history, Eurasia was criss-crossed with communication routes and paths of trade, which gradually linked up to form what are known today as the Silk Roads; routes across both land and sea, along which silk and many other goods were exchanged between people from across the world. Maritime routes were an important part of this network, linking East and West by sea, and were used for the trade of spices in particular, thus becoming known as the Spice Routes.
Jump up ^ Crawfurd, John (August 2006) [First published 1830]. "Chapter I — Description of the Settlement.". Journal of an Embassy from the Governor–general of India to the Courts of Siam and Cochin China. Volume 1 (2nd ed.). London: H. Colburn and R. Bentley. image 52, p. 34. OCLC 03452414. Retrieved 10 February 2014.
Jump up ^ Trow, Charles Edward. "Introduction". The old shipmasters of Salem. New York and London: G.P. Putnam's Sons. pp. xx–xxiii. OCLC 4669778.
Jump up ^ Roberts, Edmund (Digitized 12 October 2007). "Introduction". Embassy to the Eastern Courts of Cochin-China, Siam, and Muscat: In the U.S. Sloop-of-War Peacock During the Years 1832–34. Harper & Brothers. OCLC 12212199. Retrieved 16 February 2014.
Jump up ^ "1b. Harris Treaty of 1856" (exhibition). Royal Gifts from Thailand. National Museum of Natural History. 14 March 2013 [speech delivered 1856]. Retrieved 9 February 2014. Credits
Jump up ^ Murdoch, John B. (1974). "The 1901–1902 Holy Man's Rebellion" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. Siam Heritage Trust. JSS Vol.62.1e (digital): 38. Retrieved 2 April 2013.
Jump up ^ de Mendonha e Cunha, Helder (1971). "The 1820 Land Concession to the Portuguese" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. Siam Society. JSS Vol. 059.2g (digital). Retrieved 6 February 2014.
Jump up ^ Oblas, Peter B. (1965). "A Very Small Part of World Affairs" (PDF). Journal of the Siam Society. Siam Society. JSS Vol.53.1e (digital). Retrieved 7 September 2013.
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