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German Army (German Empire)
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This article is about the World War I army of Germany. For the World War II army of Germany, see German Army (Wehrmacht). For the modern army of Germany and post-World War II army of West Germany, see German Army. For other uses, see Heer (disambiguation).
German Army
Deutsches Heer
Kaiserstandarte
Active
1871–1919
Country
Germany
Type
Army/Air Force
Role
Protecting the German Empire and its interests by using ground and air forces.
Size
500,000 (1871)
3,800,000 (1914)
4,500,000 (1918)
13,500,000 (World War I total)
Motto(s)
"Gott mit uns"
Colors
Black, white, and red
Engagements
Franco-Prussian War
Samoan Civil War
Abushiri Revolt
Second Samoan Civil War
Boxer Rebellion
Adamawa Campaign
Herero Wars
Maji Maji Rebellion
Sokehs Rebellion
World War I
Finnish Civil War
German Revolution
The Imperial German Army (German: Deutsches Heer) was the name given to the combined land and air forces of the German Empire (excluding the Marine-Fliegerabteilung maritime aviation formations of the Kaiserliche Marine). The term Deutsches Heer is also used for the modern German Army, the land component of the Bundeswehr. The German Army was formed after the unification of Germany under Prussian leadership in 1871 and dissolved in 1919, after the defeat of the German Empire in World War I.
Contents
[hide]
1 Formation and name
2 Command
2.1 Chiefs of the German General Staff (1871–1919)
3 Structure
3.1 Army inspectorate
3.2 Corps
3.3 Division
3.4 Regiment
3.5 National contingents
4 Reserve system
5 Industrial base
6 Air Force
7 Ranks of the Imperial German Army
7.1 Enlisted (Mannschaften/Gemeine) ranks
7.2 Non-commissioned officers / Unteroffiziere
7.2.1 Junior NCOs (NCOs without Sword Knot) / Unteroffizier ohne Portepee
7.2.2 Senior NCOs (NCOs with Sword Knot) / Unteroffizier mit Portepee
7.3 Warrant Officers and Officer Cadets
7.4 Officer corps
7.4.1 Subalterns / Subalternoffiziere
7.4.2 Staff Officers / Stabsoffiziere
7.4.3 General Officers / Generäle
8 Dissolution
9 See also
10 Notes
11 References
12 Further reading
13 External links
Formation and name[edit]
German Army hussars on the attack during maneuvers, 1912.
Draftees of the German Army, 1898.
The states that made up the German Empire contributed their armies; within the German Confederation, formed after the Napoleonic Wars, each state was responsible for maintaining certain units to be put at the disposal of the Confederation in case of conflict. When operating together, the units were known as the Federal Army (Bundesheer). The Federal Army system functioned during various conflicts of the 19th century, such as the First Schleswig War from 1848–50 but by the time of the Second Schleswig War of 1864, tension had grown between the main powers of the confederation, the Austrian Empire and the Kingdom of Prussia and the German Confederation was dissolved after the Austro-Prussian War of 1866.
Prussia formed the North German Confederation and the treaty provided for the maintenance of a Federal Army and a Federal Navy (Bundesmarine or Bundeskriegsmarine).[1] Further laws on military duty also used these terms.[2] Conventions (some later amended) were entered into between the North German Confederation and its member states, subordinating their armies to the Prussian army in time of war, and giving the Prussian Army control over training, doctrine and equipment.[a]
Shortly after the outbreak of the Franco-Prussian War in 1870, the North German Confederation also entered into conventions on military matters with states that were not members of the confederation, namely the Bavaria, Württemberg, and Baden.[b] Through these conventions and the 1871 Constitution of the German Empire, an Army of the Realm (Reichsheer) was created. The contingents of the Bavarian, Saxon and Württemberg kingdoms remained semi-autonomous, while the Prussian Army assumed almost total control over the armies of the other states of the Empire. The Constitution of the German Empire, dated April 16, 1871, changed references in the North German Constitution from Federal Army to either Army of the Realm (Reichsheer) or German Army (Deutsches Heer).[3]
After 1871, the peacetime armies of the four kingdoms remained relatively distinct. "German Army" was used in various legal documents, such as the Military Penal Code, but otherwise the Prussian, Bavarian, Saxon and Württemberg armies maintained distinct identities.[4] Each kingdom had its own War Ministry, Bavaria and Saxony published their own rank and seniority lists for their officers and the Württemberg list was a separate chapter of the Prussian army rank lists. Württemberg and Saxon units were numbered according to the Prussian system but Bavarian units maintained their own numbers (the 2nd Württemberg Infantry Regiment was Infantry Regiment No. 120 under the Prussian system).[citation needed]
Command[edit]
Main articles: German General Staff and Oberste Heeresleitung
The commander of the Imperial German Army, less the Bavarian contingent, was the Kaiser. He was assisted by a Military Cabinet and exercised control through the Prussian Ministry of War and the Great General Staff. The Chief of the General Staff became the Kaiser's main military advisor and the most powerful military figure in the Empire. Bavaria kept its own Ministry of War and General Staff, but coordinated planning with the Prussian Great General Staff. Saxony also maintained its own Ministry of War and the Ministry of War of Württemberg also continued to exist.
Command of the Prussian Army had been reformed in the wake of the defeats suffered by Prussia in the Napoleonic Wars. Rather than rely primarily on the martial skills of the individual members of the German nobility, who dominated the military profession, the Prussian Army instituted changes to ensure excellence in leadership, organization and planning. The General Staff system, that sought to institutionalize military excellence, was the main result. It sought to identify military talent at the lower levels and develop it thoroughly through academic training and practical experience on division, corps and higher staffs, up to the Great General Staff, the senior planning body of the army. It provided planning and organizational work during peacetime and wartime. The Prussian General Staff, proven in battle in the Wars of Unification, became the German General Staff upon formation of the German Empire, given Prussia's leading role in the German Army.
Chiefs of the German General Staff (1871–1919)[edit]
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder 7 October 1857 – 10 August 1888
Alfred von Waldersee 10 August 1888 – 7 February 1891
Alfred von Schlieffen 7 February 1891 – 1 January 1906
Helmuth von Moltke the Younger 1 January 1906 – 14 September 1914
Erich von Falkenhayn 14 September 1914 – 29 August 1916
Paul von Hindenburg 29 August 1916 – 3 July 1919
Wilhelm Groener 3 July 1919 – 7 July 1919
Hans von Seeckt 7 July 1919 – 15 July 1919
Structure[edit]
The basic peacetime organizational structure of the Imperial German Army were the Army inspectorate (Armee-Inspektion), the army corps (Armeekorps), the division and the regiment. During wartime, the staff of the Army inspectorates formed field army commands, which controlled the corps and subordinate units. During World War I, a higher command level, the army group (Heeresgruppe), was created. Each army group controlled several field armies.
Army inspectorate[edit]
Germany was divided into army inspectorates, each of which oversaw three or four corps. There were five in 1871, with three more added between 1907 and 1913.[5]
I Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Danzig, became the 8th Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
II Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Berlin, became the 3rd Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
III Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Hannover, became the 2nd Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
IV Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Munich, became the 6th Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
V Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Karlsruhe, became the 7th Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
VI Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Stuttgart, became the 4th Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
VII Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Berlin, became the 5th Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
VIII Army Inspectorate: Headquartered in Saarbrücken, became the 1st Army on mobilisation (2 August 1914)
Corps[edit]
The basic organizational formation was the army corps (Armeekorps). The corps consisted of two or more divisions and various support troops, covering a geographical area. The corps was also responsible for maintaining the reserves and Landwehr in the corps area. By 1914, there were 21 corps areas under Prussian jurisdiction and three Bavarian army corps. Besides the regional corps, there was also a Guard Corps (Gardecorps), which controlled the elite Prussian Guard units. A corps usually included a light infantry (Jäger) battalion, a heavy artillery (Fußartillerie) battalion, an engineer battalion, a telegraph battalion and a trains battalion. Some corps areas also disposed of fortress troops; each of the 25 corps had a Field Aviation Unit (Feldflieger Abteilung) attached to it normally equipped with six unarmed "A" or "B" class unarmed two-seat observation aircraft apiece.[6]
In wartime, the army corps became a mobile tactical formation and four Höhere Kavallerie-Kommando (Higher Cavalry Commands) were formed from the Cavalry Inspectorate, the equivalent of corps, being made up of two divisions of cavalry.
The areas formerly covered by the corps each became the responsibility of a Wehrkreis (Military District, sometimes translated as Corps Area). The Military Districts were to supervise the training and enlistment of reservists and new recruits. Originally each Military District was linked to an army corps; thus Wehrkreis I took over the area that I. Armeekorps had been responsible for and sent replacements to the same formation. The first sixteen Reserve Corps raised followed the same pattern; X. Reserve-Korps was made up of reservists from the same area as X. Armeekorps. However, these links between rear areas and front line units were broken as the war went on and later corps were raised with troops from all over Germany.
Division[edit]
The basic tactical formation was the division. A standard Imperial German division consisted of two infantry brigades of two regiments each, a cavalry brigade of two regiments, and an artillery brigade of two regiments. One of the divisions in a corps area usually also managed the corps Landwehr region (Landwehrbezirk). In 1914, besides the Guard Corps (two Guard divisions and a Guard cavalry division), there were 42 regular divisions in the Prussian Army (including four Saxon divisions and two Württemberg divisions), and six divisions in the Bavarian Army.
These divisions were all mobilized in August 1914. They were reorganized, receiving engineer companies and other support units from their corps, and giving up most of their cavalry to form cavalry divisions. Reserve divisions were also formed, Landwehr brigades were aggregated into divisions, and other divisions were formed from replacement (Ersatz) units. As World War I progressed, additional divisions were formed, and by wars' end, 251 divisions had been formed or reformed in the German Army's structure.
Regiment[edit]
The regiment was the basic combat unit as well as the recruiting base for soldiers. When inducted, a soldier entered a regiment, usually through its replacement battalion, and received his basic training. There were three basic types of regiment: infantry, cavalry and artillery. Other specialties, such as pioneers (combat engineers) and signal troops, were organized into smaller support units. Regiments also carried the traditions of the army, in many cases stretching back into the 17th and 18th centuries. After World War I, regimental traditions were carried forward in the Reichswehr and its successor, the Wehrmacht, but the chain of tradition was broken in 1945 as West German and East German units did not carry forward pre-1945 traditions.
National contingents[edit]
The German Empire was formed by 38 duchies and kingdoms each with their traditions of warfare. Although the new army of the united German Empire was nominally "German", it was formed from separate national contingents which behaved autonomously:
The Royal Saxon Army...was the national army of the Kingdom of Saxony one of the four states of the German Reich to retain its own armed forces.
—  Lucas & Schmieschek p. 8 (2015)
Nevertheless, in times of war, all of these would pledge allegiance to the Kaiser and the German nation.[7] They did however remain organizationally distinct, being able to raise units of their own without assistance from the dominating Prussians. In one instance, Freiherr von Sonden (from Württemberg) was able to "quite legitimately send a request directly to the Ministry of War in Stuttgart for the raising of a new artillery regiment".[8]
Regiments and units from separate constituents were also raised locally and often numbered independently from each other - for example, there was (among others) both a Bavarian 1st Infantry Regiment and a Württemberger 1st Infantry Regiment.[citation needed]
Reserve system[edit]
When the British decided to reform their army in the 1860s, they surveyed the major European forces and decided that the Prussian system was the best one. That system was continued into the Imperial Army after 1871 and resulted in a modest cadre of professional officers and sergeants, and a large reserve force that could be quickly mobilised at the start of a war. The British could not use the system because they rejected conscription. The Japanese, however, were also observing the reserve system and, unlike the British, decided to copy the Prussian model.[9] Barnett explains that every young man was drafted at age 18, with the upper-class becoming officers:
the Prussian system... was based on service of only three years with the colors... and four years in the reserve. The Prussian standing army had become simply a training cadre for the intake of conscripts. The Prussian army's organization for peace and war was virtually the same. Prussia was divided into army-corps districts for the purposes both of administration and of recruitment. On the outbreak of war the command organizations of the district became that of a corps in the field. Localization of the Army and its recruitment gave the districts pride and interest in their 'own' corps.[10]
Industrial base[edit]
Germany had the largest industrial base in Europe, having surpassed Britain by 1900. The Army closely cooperated with industry, especially in the World War, with particular focus on the very rapidly changing aircraft industry. The Army set prices and labor exemptions, regulated the supply of credit and raw materials, limited patent rights so as to allow cross-licensing among firms, and supervised management–labor relationships. The result was very rapid expansion and a high output of high quality aircraft, as well as high wages that attracted the best machinists. Apart from aircraft, the Army's regulation of the rest of the war economy was inefficient.[11]
Air Force[edit]
The Deutsche Luftstreitkräfte, known before October 1916 as Die Fliegertruppen des deutschen Kaiserreiches (Imperial German Flying Troops),[12] was the over-land air arm of the German Army during World War I (1914–1918). Although its name actually means something very close to "The German Air Force", it remained an integral part of the German Army for the duration of the war. The Kaiserliche Marine naval forces of the German Empire had their own, separate Marine-Fliegerabteilung maritime aviation forces, apart from the Luftstreitkräfte of the Army.
Ranks of the Imperial German Army[edit]
The German Army from 1871 to 1914 inherited the various traditions and military ranks of its constituent states, thus becoming a truly federal armed service.
Enlisted (Mannschaften/Gemeine) ranks[edit]
Musketeer (Musketier, Prussian army infantry regiments), Infantryman (Infanterist, Bavarian army infantry regiments), Soldier (Soldat, Saxon army infantry regiments), Gunner (Kanonier, foot artillery), Pioneer (Pionier, pioneer branch). Other unit-specific enlisted ranks were: Fusilier (Füsilier), Grenadier (Grenadier), Huntsman otherwise Light-Infantryman (Jäger), Dragoon (Dragoner), Hussar (Husar), Cuirassier (Kürassier), Uhlan (Ulan), Fusilier Guard (Garde-Füsilier), Grenadier Guard (Garde-Grenadier), etc.
Lance Corporal (Gefreiter); up until 1918 the only rank (with exception of Obergefreiter in the foot artillery) to which an enlisted soldier could be promoted, the rank was a deputy rank to the Corporal (Unteroffizier)[13] rank.[14]
Senior Lance Corporal (Obergefreiter); established in the Prussian Army from 1846 to 1853, reestablished in 1859, then in foot artillery only, replacing the artillery Bombardier rank that had been introduced in 1730.[14]
Additionally, the following voluntary enlistees were distinguished:
One-Year Volunteer Enlistee (Einjährig-Freiwilliger): despite the name, one-year volunteers were actually conscripts who served a short-term form of active military service, open for enlistees up to the age of 25. Such enlisted soldiers were usually high school graduates (Matura, Abitur), who would opt to serve a one-year term rather than the regular two or three-year conscription term, with free selection of their chosen military service branch and unit, but throughout were obligated to equip and subsist themselves at entirely their own cost. In today's monetary value, this could at bare minimum cost some 10,000 euro, which purposely reserved this path open to officer-material sons from mostly affluent social class families wishing to pursue the Reserve-Officer path; it was the specific intention of Wilhelm II that such Reserve-Officer career path should only be open to members of so-called "officer-material" social classes.[15] On absolving their primary recruit training and shorter military service term, those aspiring to become Reserve-Officers would have to qualify and achieve suitability for promotion to the Gefreiter rank and then would continue to receive further specialized instruction until the end of their one-year term, usually attaining and leaving as surplus Corporals (überzählige Unteroffiziere) (Reservists), with the opportunity to advance further as reservists. Enlistees who did not aspire to officer grade would leave at the end of their one-year term as Gemeine[16] (Ordinary soldier) enlisted rank (for example Musketier or Infanterist) and a six-year reserve duty obligation.[15] Eligibility for this specific one-year path of military service was a privilege approved upon examining the enlistee's suitability and academic qualifications.
Long-Term Volunteer Enlistee "Capitulant" (Kapitulant): enlisted soldiers who had already absolved their regular two or three-year military conscription term and had now volunteered to continue serving for further terms, minimum was 4 years, generally up to 12 years.[17][18]
Note: Einjährig-Freiwilliger and Kapitulant were not ranks as such during this specific period of use, but voluntary military enlistee designations. They, however, wore a specific uniform distinction (twisted wool piping along their shoulder epaulette edging for Einjährig-Freiwilliger, the Kapitulant a narrow band across their lower shoulder epaulette) in the colours of their respective nation state. This distinction was never removed throughout their military service nor during any rank grade advancements.
Non-commissioned officers / Unteroffiziere[edit]
Late WWI uniform of the 73rd Fusilier Regiment at the Imperial War Museum in London
Junior NCOs (NCOs without Sword Knot) / Unteroffizier ohne Portepee[edit]
Corporal/Sub-Officer (Unteroffizier)
Sergeant
Senior NCOs (NCOs with Sword Knot) / Unteroffizier mit Portepee[edit]
Sergeant Major 2nd class (Infantry: Vice-Feldwebel, Cavalry and Artillery: Vizewachtmeister/Vice-Wachtmeister) – rank held by reserve officer candidates after they passed lieutenant's examination
Sergeant-Major (Infantry: Feldwebel (i.e. Etatmäßiger Feldwebel: CSM officially listed on the regiment's payroll, i.e. Etat), Cavalry and Artillery: (Etatmäßiger) Wachtmeister)
Warrant Officers and Officer Cadets[edit]
Cadet (Fahnenjunker, ranking between Sergeant and Vizefeldwebel) – served as cadets in the various military academies and schools.
Ensign (Fähnrich, ranking between Vize-Feldwebel and Etatmäßiger Feldwebel)
Deputy Officer (Offizierstellvertreter, ranking above Etatmäßiger Feldwebel)
Acting Lieutenant (Feldwebelleutnant, ranking as youngest 2nd Lieutenant, but without officer's commission and still member of the NCO's Mess until 1917)
Officer corps[edit]
Critics long believed that the Army's officer corps was heavily dominated by Junker aristocrats, so that commoners were shunted into low-prestige branches, such as the heavy artillery or supply. However, by the 1890s, the top ranks were opened to highly talented commoners.[19][20]
Subalterns / Subalternoffiziere[edit]
2nd Lieutenant (Leutnant in the infantry, cavalry and other arms, Feuerwerksleutnant in the artillery)
First Lieutenant (Oberleutnant, Feuerwerksoberleutnant)
Staff Captain (Infantry and Artillery: Hauptmann/Kapitän II Klasse, Cavalry: Rittmeister II Klasse)
Captain (Infantry and Artillery: Hauptmann/Kapitän I Klasse, Cavalry: Rittmeister I Klasse)
Staff Officers / Stabsoffiziere[edit]
Major
Lieutenant Colonel (Oberstleutnant)
Colonel (Oberst)
General Officers / Generäle[edit]
Major General (Generalmajor)
Lieutenant General (Generalleutnant)
General of the Infantry, General of the Cavalry, General of the Artillery (General der Infanterie, General der Kavallerie, General der Artillerie)
Colonel General (Generaloberst)
Colonel General in the rank of Field Marshal (Generaloberst mit dem Rang als Generalfeldmarschall)
Field Marshal (Generalfeldmarschall)
Dissolution[edit]
The Imperial Army was abolished on 6 March 1919, and the provisional Reichswehr was created.[21]
See also[edit]
German Empire portal
Military of Germany portal
German General Staff
Oberste Heeresleitung
German Army
Prussian Army
Bavarian Army
Reichswehr
Wehrmacht
German Army order of battle (1914)
German Army order of battle, Western Front (1918)
All Quiet on the Western Front (novel set in World War I about German Army comrades)
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ The conventions were:
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde (bzw. Preußen) und Sachsen vom 7. Februar 1867
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Hessen vom 13. Juni 1871 (Ersatz für die vom 7. April 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Mecklenburg-Schwerin vom 19. Dezember 1872 (Ersatz für die von 24. Juni 1868)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Mecklenburg-Strelitz vom 23. Dezember 1872 (Ersatz für die vom 9. November 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Oldenburg vom 15. Juni 1867
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Braunschweig vom 9./18. März 1886
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde einerseits und Sachsen-Weimar-Eisenach, Sachsen-Altenburg, Sachsen-Coburg-Gotha, Sachsen-Meiningen, Reuß ältere Linie, Reuß jüngere Linie und Schwarzburg-Rudolstadt vom 15. September 1873
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Anhalt vom 16. September 1873 (Ersatz für die vom 28. Juni 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Schwarzburg-Sondershausen vom 17. September 1873 (Ersatz für die vom 28. Juni 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Lippe vom 14. November 1873 (Ersatz für die vom 26. Juni 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Schaumburg-Lippe vom 25. September 1873 (Ersatz für die vom 30. Juni 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Waldeck vom 24. November 1877 (Ersatz für die vom 6. August 1867)
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Lübeck vom 27. Juni 1867
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Bremen vom 27. Juni 1867
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Hamburg vom 23. Juli 1867
Jump up ^ The conventions were:
Artikel III. § 5 of the Bundesvertrag vom 23. November 1870 mit Bayern
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Baden vom 25. November 1870
Militärkonvention zwischen dem Norddeutschen Bunde und Württemberg vom 25. November 1870
References[edit]
Jump up ^ documentArchiv.de – Verfassung des Norddeutschen Bundes (16.04.1867)
Jump up ^ documentArchiv.de – Gesetz, betreffend die Verpflichtung zum Kriegsdienste (09.11.1867)
Jump up ^ documentArchiv.de – Verfassung des Deutschen Reichs
Jump up ^ Militär-Strafgesetzbuch für das Deutsche Reich
Jump up ^ Günter Wegner, Stellenbesetzung der deutschen Heere 1815–1939. (Biblio Verlag, Osnabrück, 1993), Bd. 1, pp.33–36
Jump up ^ van Wyngarden, G (2006). Early German Aces of World War I, Osprey Publishing Ltd. ISBN 1-84176-997-5
Jump up ^ Sheldon, Fighting the Somme, 2017, p. 34
Jump up ^ Sheldon 2017, pp. 34–35
Jump up ^ Xavier Bara, Xavier (2012). "The Kishū Army and the Setting of the Prussian Model in Feudal Japan, 1860–1871". War in History. 19 (2): 153–171.
Jump up ^ Correlli Barnett, "Britain and her Army 1509–1970: A Military, Political and Social Survey" (1970) p. 285
Jump up ^ Morrow, John H., Jr (1977). "Industrialization Mobilization in World War I: The Prussian Army and the Aircraft Industry". Journal of Economic History. 37 (1): 3651. JSTOR 2119443.
Jump up ^ Grey and Thetford, P.xxix
Jump up ^ Duden; Origin and meaning of "Korporal", in German. [1]
^ Jump up to: a b "Gefreiter" – Allgemeine Encyclopädie der Wissenschaften und Künste, Erste Section, A-G, (Universal Encyclopaedia of the Sciences and Arts, First Section, A-G), Author: Johann Samuel Ersch and Johann Gottfried Gruber, Publisher: F. A. Brockhaus, Leipzig, 1852, Page 471-472, in German. [2]
^ Jump up to: a b Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 4th Edition, Volume 6, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1885–1892, Page 659. in German
Jump up ^ Duden; Definition of "Gemeine", in German. [3]
Jump up ^ Meyers Konversations-Lexikon, 4th Edition, Volume 10, Bibliographisches Institut, Leipzig 1885–1892, Page 116, in German
Jump up ^ Duden; Definition of "Kapitulant", in German. [4]
Jump up ^ Ulrich Trumpener, "Junkers and Others: The Rise of Commoners in the Prussian Army, 1871–1914," Canadian Journal of History (1979) 14#1 pp 29–47
Jump up ^ Dennis E. Showalter, "The Political Soldiers of Bismarck's Germany: Myths and Realities," German Studies Review (1994) 17#1 pp. 59–77 in JSTOR
Jump up ^ Edmonds, James (1987). The Occupation of the Rhineland. London: HMSO. p. 213. ISBN 0-11-290454-8.
Further reading[edit]
Brose, Eric Dorn. The Kaiser's army: the politics of military technology in Germany during the machine age, 1870–1918 (Oxford University Press, 2004) online
Citino, Robert M.. The German way of war: from the Thirty Years' War to the Third Reich (University Press of Kansas, 2005)
Clemente, Steven E. For King and Kaiser! The Making of the Prussian Army Officer, 1860–1914 (1992) online
Coetzee, Marilyn Shevin. The German Army League: Popular Nationalism in Wilhelmine Germany (Oxford University Press, 1990)
Craig, Gordon A. The Politics of the Prussian Army, 1640–1945 (Oxford University Press, 1964)
Demeter, K. The German Officer Corps in Society and State 1650–1945 (Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1965)
Feldman, Gerald. Army, Industry and Labour in Germany, 1914–1918 (Bloomsbury Publishing, 2014)
Foley, Robert T. "Institutionalized innovation: The German army and the changing nature of war 1871–1914." RUSI Journal 147.2 (2002): 84–90. online
Herrera, Geoffrey L. "Inventing the Railroad and Rifle Revolution: Information, Military Innovation and the Rise of Germany." Journal of Strategic Studies (2004) 27#2 pp: 243–271. online
Hull, Isabel V. Absolute destruction: Military culture and the practices of war in imperial Germany (Cornell University Press, 2004)
Jackman, Steven D. "Shoulder to Shoulder: Close Control and" Old Prussian Drill" in German Offensive Infantry Tactics, 1871–1914." Journal of Military History 68.1 (2004): 73–104. online
Kitchen, Martin. A Military History of Germany: From the Eighteenth Century to the Present Day (Indiana University Press, 1975)
Kitchen, Martin. The German Officer Corps (Oxford UP, 1968)
Mitchell, Allan. The great train race: railways and the Franco-German rivalry, 1815–1914 (Berghahn Books, 2000)
Murphy, Patrick. "The Effect of Industrialization and Technology on Warfare: 1854–1878." (2006) online
Muth, Jörg. Command Culture: Officer Education in the US Army and the German Armed Forces, 1901–1940, and the Consequences for World War II (University of North Texas Press, 2011)
Showalter, Dennis. "From Deterrence to Doomsday Machine: The German Way of War, 1890–1914." Journal of Military History (2000) 64#3 pp: 679–710. in JSTOR
Showalter, Dennis E. Railroads and rifles: soldiers, technology, and the unification of Germany (Archon Books, 1975)
Showalter, Dennis E. "Army and Society in Imperial Germany: The Pains of Modernization." Journal of Contemporary History (1983): 583–618. in JSTOR
Stevenson, David. "Fortifications and the European Military Balance before 1914." Journal of Strategic Studies (2012) 35#6 pp: 829–859.
Stone, James. The war scare of 1875: Bismarck and Europe in the mid-1870s (Steiner, 2010)
Stone, James. "Spies and diplomats in Bismarck’s Germany: collaboration between military intelligence and the Foreign Office, 1871–1881." Journal of Intelligence History (2014) 13#1 pp: 22–40.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Deutsches Heer.
WWI German Army Artillery & Infantry Attack Reenactment (video)
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Divisions of the Imperial German Army
Standing
Guards
1st
2nd
Cavalry
Regular
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
7th
8th
9th
10th
11th
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31st
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41st
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Bavarian
1st
2nd
3rd
4th
5th
6th
Raised in
World War I
Guards
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9th
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and Ersatz
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Alpenkorps
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[show]
Corps of the Imperial German Army
Regular
Guards
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
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IX
X
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XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
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Bavarian
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Cavalry
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Schmettow
Genkdo z.b.V
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Other
Landwehr
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Army level commands of the Imperial German Army in World War I
Numbered Armies
1st
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8th
9th
10th
11th
12th
14th
17th
18th
19th
Named Armies
Bug
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North
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High Command of Coastal Defence
Armee-Abteilung
A (Falkenhausen)
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D (Scholtz)
Gronau
Lauenstein
Woyrsch
Coordinates: 50°41′56″N 7°02′29″E / 50.6990°N 7.0415°E / 50.6990; 7.0415
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=German_Army_(German_Empire)&oldid=843285372"
Categories:
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text:
Russia at the FIFA World Cup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Russia has participated in 4 FIFA World Cups since its independence in December 1991. The Russian Federation played their first international match against Mexico on 16 August 1992 winning 2-0.[1] Their first participation in a World Cup was the United States of America in 1994 and they achieved 18th place. In 1946 the Soviet Union was accepted by FIFA and played their first World Cup in Sweden 1958. The Soviet Union represented 15 Socialist republics and various football federations, and the majority of players came from the Dynamo Kyiv team of the Ukrainian SSR. The Soviet Union national football team played in 7 World Cups. Their best performance was reaching 4th place in England 1966. However Soviet football was dissolved in 1991 when Belarus, Russia and Ukraine declared independence under the Belavezha Accords. The CIS national football team (Commonwealth of Independent States) was formed with other independent nations in 1992 but did not participate in any World Cups.
Contents
1 Overview
1.1 History
1.2 Record vs
1.2.1 As Soviet Union
1.2.2 As Russia
2 Soviet Union in Sweden 1958
2.1 Group Play-off
2.2 Quarter-final
3 Soviet Union in Chile 1962
3.1 Quarter-final
4 Soviet Union in England 1966
4.1 Quarter-final
4.2 Semi-final
4.3 Bronze Final
5 Soviet Union in Mexico 1970
5.1 Quarter-final
6 Soviet Union in Spain 1982
6.1 Second round Group A
7 Soviet Union in Mexico 1986
7.1 Round of 16
8 Soviet Union in Italy 1990
9 Russia in USA 1994
10 Russia in South Korea/Japan 2002
11 Russia in Brazil 2014
11.1 Standings
11.2 Russia vs South Korea
11.3 Belgium vs Russia
11.4 Algeria vs Russia
12 Russia in Russia 2018
12.1 Knockout stage
13 Record players
14 Top goalscorers
15 References
Overview[edit]
History[edit]
Year
Round
Position
Pld
W
D*
L
GF
GA
as Soviet Union
1930 Did not enter
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958 Quarter-finals 6th 5 2 1 2 5 6
1962 Quarter-finals 6th 4 2 1 1 9 7
1966 Fourth place 4th 6 4 0 2 10 6
1970 Quarter-finals 5th 4 2 1 1 6 2
1974 Disqualified[2]
1978 Did not qualify
1982 Second group stage 7th 5 2 2 1 7 4
1986 Round of 16 10th 4 2 1 1 12 5
1990 Group stage 17th 3 1 0 2 4 4
as Russia
1994 Group stage 18th 3 1 0 2 7 6
1998 Did not qualify
2002 Group stage 22nd 3 1 0 2 4 4
2006 Did not qualify
2010
2014 Group stage 24th 3 0 2 1 2 3
2018 Quarter-finals 8th 5 2 2 1 11 7
2022 To be determined
2026
Total
Fourth place
11/21
45
19
10
16
77
54
*Draws include knockout matches decided on penalty kicks
showRussia's World Cup record
First Match
Soviet Union 2–2 England
(8 June 1958; Gothenburg, Sweden)
Biggest Win
Soviet Union 6–0 Hungary
(2 June 1986; Irapuato, Mexico)
Biggest Defeat
Uruguay 3-0 Russia
(25 June 2018; Samara, Russia)
Best Result
Fourth place in 1966
Worst Result
Group stage in 1990, 1994, 2002 and 2014
Record vs[edit]
As Soviet Union[edit]
FIFA World Cup matches (By team)
Total : 15 Wins - 6 Ties - 10 Losses - 31 games played
Against
Wins
Draws
Losses
Total
GS
GA
GD
Argentina 0 0 1 1 0 2 -2
Austria 1 0 0 1 2 0 +2
Belgium 2 0 1 3 8 5 +3
Brazil 0 0 2 2 1 4 -3
Cameroon 1 0 0 1 4 0 +4
Canada 1 0 0 1 2 0 +2
Chile 1 0 1 2 3 3 0
Colombia 0 1 0 1 4 4 0
El Salvador 1 0 0 1 2 0 +2
England 1 1 0 2 3 2 +1
France 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
Hungary 2 0 0 2 8 1 +7
Italy 1 0 0 1 1 0 +1
Mexico 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
New Zealand 1 0 0 1 3 0 +3
North Korea 1 0 0 1 3 0 +3
Poland 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
Portugal 0 0 1 1 1 2 -1
Romania 0 0 1 1 0 2 -2
Scotland 0 1 0 1 2 2 0
Sweden 0 0 1 1 0 2 -2
Uruguay 1 0 1 2 2 2 0
West Germany 0 0 1 1 1 2 -1
Yugoslavia 1 0 0 1 2 0 +2
As Russia[edit]
FIFA World Cup matches (By team)
Total : 4 Wins - 4 Ties - 6 Losses - 14 games played
Against
Wins
Draws
Losses
Total
GS
GA
GD
Algeria 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
Belgium 0 0 2 2 2 4 -2
Brazil 0 0 1 1 0 2 -2
Cameroon 1 0 0 1 6 1 +5
Croatia 0 1 0 1 2 2 0
Egypt 1 0 0 1 3 1 +2
Japan 0 0 1 1 1 0 +1
Saudi Arabia 1 0 0 1 5 0 +5
Spain 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
South Korea 0 1 0 1 1 1 0
Sweden 0 0 1 1 1 3 -2
Tunisia 1 0 0 1 2 0 +2
Uruguay 0 0 1 1 0 3 -3
Last update 8 July 2018
Soviet Union in Sweden 1958[edit]
show
v
t
e
Soviet Union squad – 1958 FIFA World Cup
1 Yashin
2 Kesarev
3 Krizhevsky
4 Kuznetsov
5 Voynov
6 Netto
7 Apukhtin
8 V. Ivanov
9 Simonyan (c)
10 Salnikov
11 Ilyin
12 Maslachenko
13 Belyayev
14 Ostrovskis
15 Maslyonkin
16 Tsaryov
17 A. Ivanov
18 Bubukin
19 Gusarov
20 Falin
21 Fedosov
22 Yerokhin
Coach: Kachalin
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Brazil 3 2 1 0 5 0 ∞ 5
Soviet Union 3 1 1 1 4 4 1.00 3
England 3 0 3 0 4 4 1.00 3
Austria 3 0 1 2 2 7 0.28 1
8 June 195819:00 CET
Soviet Union
2 – 2
England
Simonyan 13'
A. Ivanov 56' (Report) 66' Kevan
85' (pen.) Finney
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 49,348
Referee: Zsolt
11 June 195819:00 CET
Soviet Union
2 – 0
Austria
A. Ivanov 15'
V. Ivanov 62' (Report)
Ryavallen, Borås
Attendance: 21,239
Referee: Jorgensen
15 June 195819:00 CET
Soviet Union
0 – 2
Brazil
(Report) 3', 77' Vavá
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 50,928
Referee: Guigue
Group Play-off[edit]
17 June 195819:00 CET
Soviet Union
1 – 0
England
Ilyin 69' (Report)
Ullevi, Gothenburg
Attendance: 23,182
Referee: Dusch
Quarter-final[edit]
19 June 195819:00 CET
Soviet Union
0 – 2
Sweden
(Report) 49' Hamrin
88' Simonsson
Råsunda Stadium, Solna
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Leafe
Soviet Union in Chile 1962[edit]
show
v
t
e
Soviet Union squad – 1962 FIFA World Cup
1 Yashin
2 Maslachenko
3 Kotrikadze
4 Dubinski
5 Chokheli
6 Ostrovskis
7 Maslyonkin
8 Shesternyov
9 Manoshin
10 Netto (c)
11 Sabo
12 Voronin
13 Gusarov
14 Ivanov
15 Kanevski
16 Mamykin
17 Meskhi
18 Metreveli
19 Ponedelnik
20 Serebryanikov
21 Khusainov
22 Chislenko
Coach: Kachalin
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Soviet Union 3 2 1 0 8 5 1.60 5
Yugoslavia 3 2 0 1 8 3 2.67 4
Uruguay 3 1 0 2 4 6 0.67 2
Colombia 3 0 1 2 5 11 0.45 1
31 May 196215:00 CLT
Soviet Union
2 – 0
Yugoslavia
Ivanov 51'
Ponedelnik 83' (Report)
Estadio Carlos Dittborn, Arica
Attendance: 15,000
Referee: Albert Dusch
3 June 196215:00 CLT
Soviet Union
4 – 4
Colombia
Ivanov 8', 11'
Chislenko 10'
Ponedelnik 56' (Report) 21' Aceros
68' (Olympic goal) Coll
72' Rada
86' Klinger
Estadio Carlos Dittborn, Arica
Attendance: 8,040
Referee: Joao Etzel Filho
6 June 196215:00 CLT
Soviet Union
2 – 1
Uruguay
Mamykin 38'
Ivanov 89' (Report) 54' Sasía
Estadio Carlos Dittborn, Arica
Attendance: 9,973
Referee: Casare Jonni
Quarter-final[edit]
10 June 196214:30 CLT
Soviet Union
1 – 2
Chile
Chislenko 26' (Report) 11' Sánchez
29' Rojas
Estadio Carlos Dittborn, Arica
Attendance: 17,268
Referee: Leo Horn
Soviet Union in England 1966[edit]
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Soviet Union squad – 1966 FIFA World Cup fourth place
1 Yashin
2 Serebryanikov
3 Ostrovskis
4 Ponomaryov
5 Afonin
6 Shesternyov (c)
7 Khurtsilava
8 Sabo
9 Getmanov
10 Danilov
11 Chislenko
12 Voronin
13 Korneyev
14 Sichinava
15 Khusainov
16 Metreveli
17 Porkujan
18 Banishevskiy
19 Malofeyev
20 Markarov
21 Kavazashvili
22 Bannikov
Coach: Morozov
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Soviet Union 3 3 0 0 6 1 6.00 6
North Korea 3 1 1 1 2 4 0.50 3
Italy 3 1 0 2 2 2 1.00 2
Chile 3 0 1 2 2 5 0.40 1
12 July 196619:30 BST
Soviet Union
3 – 0
North Korea
Malofeyev 31' 88'
Banishevskiy 33' (Report)
Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough
Attendance: 22,000
Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay
16 July 196615:00 BST
Soviet Union
1 – 0
Italy
Chislenko 57' (Report)
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 27,800
Referee: Rudolf Kreitlein
20 July 196619:30 BST
Soviet Union
2 – 1
Chile
Porkujan 28' 85' (Report) 32' Marcos
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 22,000
Referee: John Adair
Quarter-final[edit]
23 July 196615:00 BST
Soviet Union
2 – 1
Hungary
Chislenko 5'
Porkujan 46' (Report) 57' Bene
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 22,100
Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay
Semi-final[edit]
25 July 196619:30 BST
Soviet Union
1 – 2
West Germany
Porkujan 88' (Report) 42' Haller
67' Beckenbauer
Goodison Park, Liverpool
Attendance: 38,300
Referee: Concetto Lo Bello
Bronze Final[edit]
28 July 196619:30 BST
Soviet Union
1 – 2
Portugal
Malofeyev 43' (Report) 12' (pen.) Eusébio
89' Torres
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 88,000
Referee: Ken Dagnall
Soviet Union in Mexico 1970[edit]
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Soviet Union squad – 1970 FIFA World Cup
1 Shmuts
2 Kavazashvili
3 Afonin
4 Dzodzuashvili
5 Kaplychnyi
6 Lovchev
7 Logofet
8 Khurtsilava
9 Shesternyov (c)
10 Zykov
11 Asatiani
12 Kiselyov
13 Yashin
14 Muntyan
15 Serebryanikov
16 Byshovets
17 Yevryuzhikhin
18 Metreveli
19 Nodia
20 Puzach
21 Khmelnitsky
22 Porkujan
Coach: Kachalin
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Soviet Union 3 2 1 0 6 1 +5 5
Mexico 3 2 1 0 5 0 +5 5
Belgium 3 1 0 2 4 5 –1 2
El Salvador 3 0 0 3 0 9 –9 0
31 May 197012:00 CET
Soviet Union
0 – 0
Mexico
(Report)
Estadio Azteca, Mexico City
Attendance: 107,000
Referee: Kurt Tschenscher
6 June 197016:00 CET
Soviet Union
4 – 1
Belgium
Byshovets 14' 63'
Asatiani 57'
Khmelnitsky 76' (Report) 86' Lambert
Estadio Azteca, Mexico City
Attendance: 59,000
Referee: Rudolf Scheurer
10 June 197016:00 CET
Soviet Union
2 – 0
El Salvador
Byshovets 51' 74' (Report)
Estadio Azteca, Mexico City
Attendance: 89,000
Referee: Rafael Hormazábal Díaz
Quarter-final[edit]
14 June 197012:00 CET
Soviet Union
0 – 1 (a.e.t.)
Uruguay
(Report) 116' Espárrago
Estadio Azteca, Mexico City
Attendance: 24,550
Referee: Laurens van Ravens
Soviet Union in Spain 1982[edit]
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Soviet Union squad – 1982 FIFA World Cup
1 Dasayev
2 Sulakvelidze
3 Chivadze (c)
4 Khidiyatullin
5 Baltacha
6 Demyanenko
7 Shengelia
8 Bessonov
9 Gavrilov
10 Oganesian
11 Blokhin
12 Bal
13 Daraselia
14 Borovsky
15 Andreyev
16 Rodionov
17 Buryak
18 Susloparov
19 Yevtushenko
20 Romantsev
21 Vi. Chanov
22 Vy. Chanov
Coach: Beskov
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Brazil 3 3 0 0 10 2 +8 6
Soviet Union 3 1 1 1 6 4 +2 3
Scotland 3 1 1 1 8 8 0 3
New Zealand 3 0 0 3 2 12 –10 0
14 June 198221:15 CEST
Soviet Union
1 – 2
Brazil
Bal 34' (Report) 75' Sócrates
87' Éder
Ramón Sánchez Pizjuán Stadium, Seville
Attendance: 68,000
Referee: Augusto Lamo Castillo
19 June 198221:15 CEST
Soviet Union
3 – 0
New Zealand
Gavrilov 25'
Blokhin 48'
Baltacha 69' (Report)
La Rosaleda Stadium, Málaga
Attendance: 19,000
Referee: Yousef Alghoul
22 June 198221:15 CEST
Soviet Union
2 – 2
Scotland
Chivadze 60'
Shengelia 84' (Report) 15' Jordan
87' Souness
La Rosaleda Stadium, Málaga
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Nicolae Rainea
Second round Group A[edit]
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Poland 2 1 1 0 3 0 +3 3
Soviet Union 2 1 1 0 1 0 +1 3
Belgium 2 0 0 2 0 4 –4 0
1 July 198221:15 CEST
Soviet Union
1 – 0
Belgium
Hovhannisyan 48' (Report)
Camp Nou, Barcelona
Attendance: 45,000
Referee: Michel Vautrot
4 July 198221:15 CEST
Soviet Union
0 – 0
Poland
(Report)
Camp Nou, Barcelona
Attendance: 65,000
Referee: Bob Valentine
Soviet Union in Mexico 1986[edit]
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Soviet Union squad – 1986 FIFA World Cup
1 Dasayev
2 Bezsonov
3 Chivadze
4 Morozov
5 Demyanenko (c)
6 Bubnov
7 Yaremchuk
8 Yakovenko
9 Zavarov
10 Kuznetsov
11 Blokhin
12 Bal
13 Litovchenko
14 Rodionov
15 Larionov
16 Chanov
17 Yevtushenko
18 Protasov
19 Belanov
20 Aleinikov
21 Rats
22 Krakovsky
Coach: Lobanovskiy
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Soviet Union 3 2 1 0 9 1 +8 5
France 3 2 1 0 5 1 +4 5
Hungary 3 1 0 2 2 9 –7 2
Canada 3 0 0 3 0 5 –5 0
2 June 198612:00 CTZ
Soviet Union
6 – 0
Hungary
Yakovenko 2'
Aleinikov 4'
Belanov 24' (pen.)
Yaremchuk 66'
Dajka 75' (o.g.)
Rodionov 80' (Report)
Estadio Sergio León Chavez, Irapuato
Attendance: 16,500
Referee: Luigi Agnolin
5 June 198612:00 CTZ
Soviet Union
1 – 1
France
Rats 53' (Report) 60' Fernández
Estadio Nou Camp, León
Attendance: 36,500
Referee: Romualdo Arppi Filho
9 June 198612:00 CTZ
Soviet Union
2 – 0
Canada
Blokhin 58'
Zavarov 74' (Report)
Estadio Sergio León Chavez, Irapuato
Attendance: 14,200
Referee: Idrissa Traoré
Round of 16[edit]
15 June 198616:00 CTZ
Soviet Union
3 – 4 (a.e.t.)
Belgium
Belanov 27' 70' 111' (pen.) (Report) 56' Scifo
77' Ceulemans
102' Demol
110' Claesen
Estadio Nou Camp, León
Attendance: 32,300
Referee: Erik Fredriksson
Soviet Union in Italy 1990[edit]
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Soviet Union squad – 1990 FIFA World Cup
1 Dasayev (c)
2 Bezsonov
3 Khidiyatullin
4 Kuznetsov
5 Demyanenko
6 Rats
7 Aleinikov
8 Litovchenko
9 Zavarov
10 Protasov
11 Dobrovolski
12 Borodyuk
13 Tsveiba
14 Lyutyi
15 Yaremchuk
16 Chanov
17 Zygmantovich
18 Shalimov
19 Fokin
20 Gorlukovich
21 Broshin
22 Uvarov
Coach: Lobanovskiy
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Cameroon 3 2 0 1 3 5 –2 4
Romania 3 1 1 1 4 3 +1 3
Argentina 3 1 1 1 3 2 +1 3
Soviet Union 3 1 0 2 4 4 0 2
9 June 199017:00 CEST
Soviet Union
0 – 2
Romania
(Report) 42' 57' (pen.) Lăcătuş
Stadio San Nicola, Bari
Attendance: 42,907
Referee: Juan Daniel Cardellino
13 June 199021:00 CEST
Soviet Union
0 – 2
Argentina
(Report) 27' Troglio
79' Burruchaga
Stadio San Paolo, Naples
Attendance: 55,759
Referee: Erik Fredriksson
18 June 199021:00 CEST
Soviet Union
4 – 0
Cameroon
Protasov 20'
Zygmantovich 29'
Zavarov 55'
Dobrovolski 63' (Report)
Stadio San Nicola, Bari
Attendance: 37,307
Referee: José Roberto Wright
Russia in USA 1994[edit]
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Russia squad – 1994 FIFA World Cup
1 Cherchesov
2 Kuznetsov
3 Gorlukovich
4 Galyamin
5 Nikiforov
6 Ternavskiy
7 Pyatnitsky
8 Popov
9 Salenko
10 Karpin
11 Beschastnykh
12 Tetradze
13 Borodyuk
14 Korneev
15 Radchenko
16 Kharin (c)
17 Tsymbalar
18 Onopko
19 Mostovoi
20 Ledyakhov
21 Khlestov
22 Yuran
Coach: Sadyrin
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Brazil 3 2 1 0 6 1 +5 7
Sweden 3 1 2 0 6 4 +2 5
Russia 3 1 0 2 7 6 +1 3
Cameroon 3 0 1 2 3 11 –8 1
20 June 199413:05 PDT
Russia
0 – 2
Brazil
(Report) 26' Romário
52' (pen.) Raí
Stanford Stadium, Stanford
Attendance: 81,061
Referee: Lim Kee Chong
24 June 199419:35 EDT
Russia
1 – 3
Sweden
Salenko 4' (pen.) (Report) 37' (pen.) Brolin
59', 81' Dahlin
Pontiac Silverdome, Pontiac
Attendance: 71,528
Referee: Joël Quiniou
28 June 199413:05 PDT
Russia
6 – 1
Cameroon
Salenko 15' 41' 44' (pen.) 72' 75'
Radchenko 81' (Report) 46' Milla
Stanford Stadium, Stanford
Attendance: 74,914
Referee: Jamal Al Sharif
Russia in South Korea/Japan 2002[edit]
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Russia squad – 2002 FIFA World Cup
1 Nigmatullin
2 Kovtun
3 Nikiforov
4 Smertin
5 Solomatin
6 Semshov
7 Onopko (c)
8 Karpin
9 Titov
10 Mostovoi
11 Beschastnykh
12 Cherchesov
13 Daev
14 Chugainov
15 Alenichev
16 Kerzhakov
17 Semak
18 Sennikov
19 Pimenov
20 Izmailov
21 Khokhlov
22 Sychev
23 Filimonov
Coach: Romantsev
Legend
Group winners and runners-up advance to the round of 16
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Japan 3 2 1 0 5 2 +3 7
Belgium 3 1 2 0 6 5 +1 5
Russia 3 1 0 2 4 4 0 3
Tunisia 3 0 1 2 1 5 –4 1
5 June 200215:30 JST
Russia
2 – 0
Tunisia
Titov 59'
Karpin 64' (pen.) (Report)
Kobe Wing Stadium, Kobe
Attendance: 30,957
Referee: Peter Prendergast
9 June 200220:30 JST
Russia
0 – 1
Japan
(Report) 51' Inamoto
International Stadium Yokohama, Yokohama
Attendance: 66,108
Referee: Markus Merk
14 June 200215:30 JST
Russia
2 – 3
Belgium
Beschastnykh 52'
Sychev 88' (Report) 7' Walem
78' Sonck
82' Wilmots
Shizuoka Stadium, Fukuroi
Attendance: 46,640
Referee: Kim Milton Nielsen

Russia in Brazil 2014[edit]
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Russia squad – 2014 FIFA World Cup
1 Akinfeev
2 Kozlov
3 Shchennikov
4 Ignashevich
5 Semyonov
6 Kanunnikov
7 Denisov
8 Glushakov
9 Kokorin
10 Dzagoev
11 Kerzhakov
12 Lodygin
13 Granat
14 V. Berezutski (c)
15 Mogilevets
16 Ryzhikov
17 Shatov
18 Zhirkov
19 Samedov
20 Fayzulin
21 Ionov
22 Yeshchenko
23 Kombarov
Coach: Capello
Standings[edit]
Legend
Group winners and runners-up advance to the round of 16
Pos
Team
[
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Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Belgium 3 3 0 0 4 1 +3 9 Advance to knockout stage
2
Algeria 3 1 1 1 6 5 +1 4
3
Russia 3 0 2 1 2 3 −1 2
4
South Korea 3 0 1 2 3 6 −3 1
Source: FIFA
Rules for classification: Tie-breaking criteria
Russia vs South Korea[edit]
This was the first time the two countries have played each other in the FIFA World Cup, though they did play a friendly in 2013, which Russia won 2-1. The match ended in a 1-1 draw, with both goals being in the second half.
17 June 201418:00 UTC−4
Russia
1–1
South Korea
Kerzhakov 74' Report Lee Keun-ho 68'
Arena Pantanal, Cuiabá
Attendance: 37,603
Referee: Néstor Pitana (Argentina)
Russia
South Korea
GK 1 Igor Akinfeev
RB 22 Andrey Yeshchenko
CB 4 Sergei Ignashevich
CB 14 Vasili Berezutski (c)
LB 23 Dmitri Kombarov
DM 8 Denis Glushakov 72'
CM 20 Viktor Fayzulin
CM 18 Yuri Zhirkov 71'
RW 19 Aleksandr Samedov
LW 17 Oleg Shatov 49' 59'
CF 9 Aleksandr Kokorin
Substitutions:
MF 10 Alan Dzagoev 59'
FW 11 Aleksandr Kerzhakov 71'
MF 7 Igor Denisov 72'
Manager:
Fabio Capello
GK 1 Jung Sung-ryong
RB 12 Lee Yong
CB 5 Kim Young-gwon
CB 20 Hong Jeong-ho 73'
LB 3 Yun Suk-young
RM 17 Lee Chung-yong
CM 14 Han Kook-young
CM 16 Ki Sung-yueng 30'
LM 9 Son Heung-min 13' 84'
CF 10 Park Chu-young 56'
CF 13 Koo Ja-cheol (c) 90'
Substitutions:
FW 11 Lee Keun-ho 56'
DF 6 Hwang Seok-ho 73'
MF 7 Kim Bo-kyung 84'
Manager:
Hong Myung-bo
Man of the Match:
Son Heung-min (South Korea)
Assistant referees:
Hernán Maidana (Argentina)
Juan Pablo Belatti (Argentina)
Fourth official:
Roberto Moreno (Panama)
Fifth official:
Eric Boria (United States)
Belgium vs Russia[edit]
22 June 201413:00 UTC−3
Belgium
1–0
Russia
Origi 88' Report
Estádio do Maracanã, Rio de Janeiro
Attendance: 73,819
Referee: Felix Brych (Germany)
Belgium
Russia
GK 1 Thibaut Courtois
RB 2 Toby Alderweireld 73'
CB 15 Daniel Van Buyten
CB 4 Vincent Kompany (c)
LB 3 Thomas Vermaelen 31'
CM 6 Axel Witsel 54'
CM 8 Marouane Fellaini
RW 14 Dries Mertens 75'
AM 7 Kevin De Bruyne
LW 10 Eden Hazard
CF 9 Romelu Lukaku 57'
Substitutions:
DF 5 Jan Vertonghen 31'
FW 17 Divock Origi 57'
DF 11 Kevin Mirallas 75'
Manager:
Marc Wilmots
GK 1 Igor Akinfeev
RB 2 Aleksei Kozlov 62'
CB 14 Vasili Berezutski (c)
CB 4 Sergei Ignashevich
LB 23 Dmitri Kombarov
DM 8 Denis Glushakov 38'
CM 20 Viktor Fayzulin
RW 19 Aleksandr Samedov 90'
AM 6 Maksim Kanunnikov
LW 17 Oleg Shatov 83'
CF 9 Aleksandr Kokorin
Substitutions:
DF 22 Andrey Yeshchenko 62'
MF 10 Alan Dzagoev 83'
FW 11 Aleksandr Kerzhakov 90'
Manager:
Fabio Capello
Man of the Match:
Eden Hazard (Belgium)
Assistant referees:
Mark Borsch (Germany)
Stefan Lupp (Germany)
Fourth official:
Carlos Vera (Ecuador)
Fifth official:
Byron Romero (Ecuador)
Algeria vs Russia[edit]
26 June 201417:00 UTC−3
Algeria
1–1
Russia
Slimani 60'
Report
Kokorin 6'
Arena da Baixada, Curitiba
Attendance: 39,311
Referee: Cüneyt Çakır (Turkey)
Algeria
Russia
GK 23 Raïs M'Bolhi
RB 20 Aïssa Mandi
CB 4 Essaïd Belkalem
CB 5 Rafik Halliche (c)
LB 6 Djamel Mesbah 39'
CM 12 Carl Medjani
CM 14 Nabil Bentaleb
RW 10 Sofiane Feghouli
AM 11 Yacine Brahimi 71'
LW 18 Abdelmoumene Djabou 77'
CF 13 Islam Slimani 90+2'
Substitutions:
MF 7 Hassan Yebda 71'
FW 9 Nabil Ghilas 87' 77'
FW 15 El Arbi Hillel Soudani 90+2'
DF 17 Liassine Cadamuro 90+2'[nb 1]
Manager:
Vahid Halilhodžić
GK 1 Igor Akinfeev
RB 2 Aleksei Kozlov 59'
CB 14 Vasili Berezutski (c)
CB 4 Sergei Ignashevich
LB 23 Dmitri Kombarov 57'
CM 8 Denis Glushakov 46'
CM 20 Viktor Fayzulin
RW 19 Aleksandr Samedov
AM 9 Aleksandr Kokorin
LW 17 Oleg Shatov 67'
CF 11 Aleksandr Kerzhakov 81'
Substitutions:
MF 7 Igor Denisov 46'
MF 10 Alan Dzagoev 67'
FW 6 Maksim Kanunnikov 81'
Manager:
Fabio Capello
Man of the Match:
Islam Slimani (Algeria)
Assistant referees:
Bahattin Duran (Turkey)
Tarık Ongun (Turkey)
Fourth official:
Joel Aguilar (El Salvador)
Fifth official:
Juan Zumba (El Salvador)
Russia in Russia 2018[edit]
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Russia squad – 2018 FIFA World Cup
1 Akinfeev (c)
2 Fernandes
3 Kutepov
4 Ignashevich
5 Semyonov
6 Cheryshev
7 Kuzyayev
8 Gazinsky
9 Dzagoev
10 Smolov
11 Zobnin
12 Lunyov
13 Kudryashov
14 Granat
15 Al. Miranchuk
16 An. Miranchuk
17 Golovin
18 Zhirkov
19 Samedov
20 Gabulov
21 Yerokhin
22 Dzyuba
23 Smolnikov
Coach: Cherchesov
Main article: 2018 FIFA World Cup Group A
Legend
Group winners and runners-up advance to the round of 16
Pos
Team
[
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Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts
Qualification
1
Uruguay 3 3 0 0 5 0 +5 9 Advance to knockout stage
2
Russia (H) 3 2 0 1 8 4 +4 6
3
Saudi Arabia 3 1 0 2 2 7 −5 3
4
Egypt 3 0 0 3 2 6 −4 0
Source: FIFA
Rules for classification: Group stage tiebreakers
(H) Host.
14 June 201818:00 UTC+3
Russia
5–0
Saudi Arabia
Gazinsky 12'
Cheryshev 43', 90+1'
Dzyuba 71'
Golovin 90+5' Report
Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow
Attendance: 78,011
Referee: Néstor Pitana
19 June 201821:00 UTC+3
Russia
3–1
Egypt
Fathy 47' (o.g.)
Cheryshev 59'
Dzyuba 62' Report Salah 73' (pen.)
Krestovsky Stadium, Saint Petersburg
Attendance: 64,468
Referee: Enrique Cáceres
25 June 201818:00 UTC+4
Uruguay
3–0
Russia
Suárez 10'
Cheryshev 23' (o.g.)
Cavani 90' Report
Cosmos Arena, Samara
Attendance: 41,970
Referee: Malang Diedhiou
Knockout stage[edit]
Round of sixteen
1 July 201817:00 MSK (UTC+3)
Spain
1–1 (a.e.t.)
Russia
Ignashevich 12' (o.g.)
Report
Dzyuba 41' (pen.)
Penalties
Iniesta
Piqué
Koke
Ramos
Aspas
3–4
Smolov
Ignashevich
Golovin
Cheryshev
Luzhniki Stadium, Moscow
Attendance: 78,011
Referee: Björn Kuipers
Quarter-finals
7 July 2018 (2018-07-07)21:00 MSK (UTC+3)
Russia
2–2 (a.e.t.)
Croatia
Cheryshev 31'
Fernandes 115'
Report
Kramarić 39'
Vida 101'
Penalties
Smolov
Dzagoev
Fernandes
Ignashevich
Kuzyayev
3–4
Brozović
Kovačić
Modrić
Vida
Rakitić
Fisht Olympic Stadium, Sochi
Attendance: 44,287[3]
Referee: Sandro Ricci (Brazil)
Record players[edit]
Russia's record World Cup player is Dynamo Moscow legend Lev Yashin. The 1958 FIFA World Cup in particular, which was the first one to be widely broadcast on television, had a major part in introducing Yashin's active and demanding goalkeeping style to the world at large. FIFA have established him as the best goalkeeper of the 20th century by repeatedly naming him in all-star teams like the FIFA World Cup Dream Team in 2002.
Goalkeeper Lev Yashin (here in 1966) participated in three World Cups. He is still Russia's record World Cup player.
No.
Name
Matches
World Cups
1 Lev Yashin 13 1958, 1962 and 1966
2 Volodymyr Bezsonov 10 1982, 1986 and 1990
3 Valentin Ivanov 9 1958 and 1962
Valery Voronin 9 1962 and 1966
Albert Shesternyov 9 1966 and 1970
Rinat Dasayev 9 1982, 1986 and 1990
Anatoliy Demyanenko 9 1982, 1986 and 1990
Oleh Kuznetsov 9 1994 and 1998
9 Igor Akinfeev 8 2014 and 2018
Sergei Ignashevich 8 2014 and 2018
Aleksandr Samedov 8 2014 and 2018
Top goalscorers[edit]
Russia's top goalscorers at the FIFA World Cup, Valentin Ivanov and Oleg Salenko, have won a Golden Boot award each. Salenko is the only player who has ever scored five goals in a single World Cup match, and the only player to win the Golden Boot even though his team has been eliminated in the Group stage.
Oleg Salenko scored all of his six international goals at the 1994 FIFA World Cup, five of them in a single match against Cameroon.
No.
Name
Goals
World Cups
1 Oleg Salenko 6 1994
2 Valentin Ivanov 5 1958 (1) and 1962 (4)
3 Igor Chislenko 4 1962 (2) and 1966 (2)
Valeriy Porkuyan 4 1966
Anatoliy Byshovets 4 1970
Igor Belanov 4 1986
Denis Cheryshev 4 2018
8 Eduard Malofeyev 3 1966
Artem Dzyuba 3 2018
10 Aleksandr Ivanov 2 1958
Viktor Ponedelnik 2 1962
Oleh Blokhin 2 1982 and 1986
Oleksandr Zavarov 2 1986 and 1990
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Article in eu-football.info Mexico on 16th August, 1992 winning 2-0.
Jump up ^ Refused to play the return leg of a play-off in Chile in the aftermath of that country's 1973 military coup
Jump up ^ "Match report – Quarter-final – Russia v Croatia" (PDF). FIFA.com. Fédération Internationale de Football Association. 7 July 2018. Archived (PDF) from the original on 7 July 2018. Retrieved 7 July 2018.
Jump up ^ Despite not playing, Cadamuro received a yellow card on the bench.
[1]
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1 Considered a successor team by FIFA, or have competed under another name(s). 2 Have been member of multiple confederations. 3 Team and national federation no longer exist.
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Russia_at_the_FIFA_World_Cup&oldid=856108295"
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Russia at the FIFA World Cup
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