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Back from Rio
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Back from Rio
Studio album by Roger McGuinn
Released
January 1991
Recorded
Capitol Studios, Los Angeles
Genre
Rock
Length
41:44
Label
Arista
Producer
David Cole, Roger McGuinn
Roger McGuinn chronology
McGuinn - Hillman
(1981) Back from Rio
(1991) Born to Rock and Roll
(1991)
Alternative cover
Cover of European release
Singles from Back from Rio
"King Of The Hill"
Released: 1991
"Someone to Love"
Released: 1991
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
Allmusic [1]
Entertainment Weekly B[2]
Rolling Stone [3]
Back from Rio is the sixth studio album by American singer-songwriter, guitarist and co-founder of The Byrds Roger McGuinn. It was released in January 1991, more than a decade after McGuinn's previous solo album, Thunderbyrd.[4] The album was issued following the release of The Byrds box set and musically it leans on the sound of The Byrds thanks to McGuinn's ringing 12-string electric guitar and vocal contributions from ex-Byrds members David Crosby and Chris Hillman. Also prominent on the album are Tom Petty and the Heartbreakers, with Petty co-authoring and duetting with McGuinn on the album's lead single "King of the Hill". In addition, several members of the Heartbreakers provide musical backing on a number of the album's tracks. Other prominent songwriters on the album—besides McGuinn and his wife Camilla—are Elvis Costello, Jules Shear and Dave Stewart of the Eurythmics.
The album was generally well received by music critics and it peaked at #44 on the Billboard 200 album chart. [5] Two singles were drawn from the album: "King of the Hill" and "Someone to Love", which peaked at #2 and #12 respectively, on the Billboard Hot Mainstream Rock Tracks chart. [6]
In Europe, Back from Rio was released in February 1991[4] and featured different cover artwork.
Contents
[hide]
1 Track listing
1.1 Side one
1.2 Side two
2 Personnel
2.1 Musicians
2.2 Production
3 Notes
Track listing[edit]
Side one[edit]
"Someone to Love" (Roger McGuinn, Camilla McGuinn) – 3:32
"Car Phone" (Mike Campbell, R. McGuinn) (Featuring Stan Ridgway) – 4:33
"You Bowed Down" (Elvis Costello) – 3:52
"Suddenly Blue" (Scott Cutler, Roger McGuinn, David Morgan) – 3:49
"The Trees Are All Gone" (Roger McGuinn, Camilla McGuinn) – 3:51
Side two[edit]
"King of the Hill" (duet with Tom Petty) (Roger McGuinn, Tom Petty) – 5:27
"Without Your Love" (Roger McGuinn, Camilla McGuinn) – 3:59
"The Time Has Come" (Scott Cutler, Roger McGuinn) – 3:45
"Your Love Is a Gold Mine" (Roger McGuinn, Dave Stewart) – 4:06
Includes "Back from Rio Interlude" (Roger McGuinn, Tom Petty, Jeff Lynne)
"If We Never Meet Again" (Jules Shear) – 4:28
Personnel[edit]
Musicians[edit]
Roger McGuinn – lead vocals, background vocals, 12-string electric guitar, 12-string acoustic guitar
George Hawkins – bass guitar
John Jorgenson – acoustic guitar, electric guitar, baritone guitar, saxophone, bass guitar, mandolin
Michael Thompson – electric guitar, acoustic guitar
Stan Lynch – drums, percussion
Mike Campbell – electric guitar, slide guitar, baritone guitar
Benmont Tench – organ, keyboards, Hammond B-3
David Cole – percussion, piano, acoustic guitar, MPC-60
Dan Higgins – saxophone
Tom Petty – lead vocals, background vocals
Elvis Costello – background vocals
Michael Penn – background vocals, 12-string acoustic guitar
David Crosby – vocals, background vocals
Chris Hillman – vocals, background vocals
J. Steven Soles – background vocals
Timothy B. Schmit – background vocals
Kimmy Robertson – telephone voice
Stan Ridgway – telephone voice
Production[edit]
David Cole – producer, engineer, mixing
Roger McGuinn – producer, mixing
Peter Doell – engineer
John Hall - demo engineer, mixing at Firetail-on-the-Hill Studios
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Allmusic review
Jump up ^ Entertainment Weekly review
Jump up ^ Rolling Stone review
^ Jump up to: a b Rogan, Johnny. (1998). The Byrds: Timeless Flight Revisited (2nd ed.). Rogan House. p. 556. ISBN 0-9529540-1-X.
Jump up ^ "Roger McGuinn - Discography - Back from Rio". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2008-07-02. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Roger McGuinn - Artist Chart History". Billboard.com. Retrieved 2008-07-02.
[hide]
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McGuinn - Hillman (with Chris Hillman)
Back from Rio
McGuinn's Folk Den
Treasures from the Folk Den
Limited Edition
The Folk Den Project
CCD
Live albums
Live from Mars
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Compilations
Born to Rock and Roll
22 Timeless Tracks from the Folk Den Project
Related articles
The Byrds
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Marketing information system
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A marketing information system (MkIS) is a management information system (MIS) designed to support marketing decision making. Jobber (2007) defines it as a "system in which marketing data is formally gathered, stored, analysed and distributed to managers in accordance with their informational needs on a regular basis." In addition, the online business dictionary defines Marketing Information System (MkIS) as "a system that analyzes and assesses marketing information, gathered continuously from sources inside and outside an organization or a store."[1] Furthermore, "an overall Marketing Information System can be defined as a set structure of procedures and methods for the regular, planned collection, analysis and presentation of information for use in making marketing decisions." (Kotler, at al, 2006)
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview
2 Importance
2.1 Relevance of MkIS
2.2 Marketing Research(MR)and MkIS
3 Main Structure
3.1 Databases
3.1.1 Internal Data
3.2 Environmental scanning
3.3 Kotler's Model
4 Advantages , Limitations & Possible Risks
4.1 Advantages
4.2 Possible risks
4.3 Limitations
5 Rural Marketing Information System (RuMIS)
6 References
7 External links
Overview[edit]
Reid and Bojanic(2010) claimed that, " The term market research informs relatively narrowerly than Marketing Information System(MkIS) which is altered from the term management information systemization. Market research indicates that information is not collected for a specific reason or project; the major objective is a one-time use. "[2]
"A marketing information system, which continuously collects the initial, routine and systematic data, is not only used for one particular topic but is designed for monitoring the degree of the marketing success to ensure the achievable of the operation as well."[2]
Importance[edit]
Developing a MkIS system is becoming extremely important as the strength of economies rely on services and to better understand the specific needs of customers. Kotler, et al. (2006) defined it more broadly as "people, equipment, and procedures to gather, sort, analyze, evaluate, and distribute needed, timely, and accurate information to marketing decision makers."[3]
Insofar as an economy focuses on services, marketing is important to "monitor the marketing environment for changes in buyer behavior competition, technology, economic conditions, and government policies."[4] In this sense, the role of marketing is becoming pivotal for an organization to "adapt to changes in the market environment." (Harmon, 2003)
As an economy relies on the acquisition of knowledge, MkIS systems are necessary to be able to define and differentiate the value proposition that one organization provides with respect to another, as well as to define their competitive advantage. (Harmon, 2003)
The main benefit of MkIS systems is to integrate market-monitoring systems with strategy development and the strategic implementation of policies and processes that help capture and act on customer management applications with marketing decision support systems. This area constitute Marketing intelligence that supports the analysis and market based activities that support customer relations and customer service with real time information with real time applications that support market based approaches.
Relevance of MkIS[edit]
Shajahan and arya(2004) stated that, "Demands for the MkIS can be expressed by three crucial developments. Firstly, when companies expand and diversify into new markets, both the companies and customer's point of view are needed to be handled by the marketing managers. Therefore, there would be greater need for marketing information. Secondly, when consumers obtain an increment in the level of their income, it causes a tendency for them to be more discriminating during the purchasing procedure. A full awareness of the points that drive a consumer prefer a brand and the points that distinguished his brand from that of the rivals should be obtained by the marketers. This awareness is possible only with the help of a well- designed effective MkIS. Thirdly, the development of the markets and the movement from price to non-price grounds of competition lead to an increase in the importance of adoption and implementation by the competitors and finding the response of the consumers towards them. Analyzing the needs for MkIS from a third person's angle, three more factors come to the forefront viz., the information explosion, increasing complexity in decision making and the technological developments. " [5]
Marketing Research(MR)and MkIS[edit]
In addition, "Great demand of information gathering for marketing decisions results in the need of attention by themselves. Though marketing research information can be generated by studies, which are normally conducted in the market place whereas marketing information systems are designed to gather, integrate, process and distribute marketing information comprehensively from all sources, including that from marketing research. The contrasting characteristics of MkIS and MR are presented in Table 5.1 as shown below:
Table 5.1 Showing contrasting characteristic of MR and MkIS
Marketing Research
Marketing Information System
1.Emphasis is on handling external information
1.It handles both internal and external data.
2.It is concerned with solving problems.
2. It is concerned with preventing as well as solving problems.
3.It operates in a fragmented fashion – on a project-to-project basis.
3.It operates continuously as a system.
4.It tends to focus on past information.
4.It tends to be future oriented.
5.It is a source of input for marketing information system.
5.It includes other subsystems besides marketing research.
The business function of marketing is concerned more with the planning, promotion and sale of products in existing markets and the development of new products and new markets. Thus marketing performs a vital function in the operation of a business enterprise. Business firms who turned to computers have been able to perform vital marketing function effectively for organizations' growth in the face of global competition."[5]
Main Structure[edit]
According to Robert Jamon (2003), MkIS systems are decomposed on four components: (1) user interfaces, (2) application software, (3) databases, and (4) system support. The following is a description of each one of these components.
1. User interfaces. The essential element of the MAkINAS is the managers who will use the system and the interface they need to effectively analyze and use marketing information. The design of the system will depend on what type of decision managers need to make.
2. Application software. These are the programs that marketing decision makers use to collect, analyze, and manage data for the purpose of developing the information necessary for marketing decisions.
3. Database marketing. A marketing database is a system in which marketing data files are organized and stored.
4. System support. This component consists of system managers who manage and maintain the system assets including software and hardware network, monitor its activities and ensure compliance with organizational policies.
Along with these components, MkIS systems include Marketing Decision Support Systems (MDSS), which in turn rely on simple systems such as Microsoft Excel, SPSS, and on-line analytical tools that help collect data. Data compiled for analysis is stored and processed from a data warehouse, which is simply a data repository system that helps store and further process data collected internally and externally. (Harmon, 2003)
Databases[edit]
From Pride and Ferrell (2010), "Internal database is a part of the most marketing information systems. In addition, it's relatively convenient for access and retrieve of information. A databases allow marketers to tap into an abundance of information useful in making marketing decisions: internal sales reports, newspaper articles, company news releases, government economic reports, bibliographies, and more, often accessed through a computer system."[6]
Internal Data[edit]
In with Birn(2004), " internal data is a part of the data that is needed to be collect and handled by the marketing information system. Further more, managers regard this as a command to make effective operation.But getting the information that is really needed from a marketing information system depends on what the information is and how it is used. The following internal operating data are essential:
Sales data, presented in a graphic format, can provide regular sales trend information and highlight whether certain customer types need to be targeted or focused.
Price information by product line, compare with competitors, can monitor market trends; analyzed by customer type, it can check price trends in customer groups.
Stock level data and trends in key accounts or distributors, focusing on whether different outlets need support, provide market share information.
Market support information, coordinating the effects of marketing promotions, through advertising, direct marketing, trade incentives, consumer competitions and so on, helps to determine whether decisions are being made effectively.
Competitive information, reviewing competitors' promotions and communications to see if the company is doing it better or worse than competitors, can improve market targeting."[7]
Environmental scanning[edit]
Sandhusen(2000) defined that, environmental scanning is a display of the nature of MIS processed. " It gives assistance for the marketers to develop the strategies, policies, plans and to make programs and budgets through dealing with the ongoing information on trends."[8]
Kotler's Model[edit]
According to Philip Kotler, the four components that comprise the MkIS system are Internal Reports (Records) System, Marketing Research System, Marketing Intelligence System, and Marketing Decision Support System.
1.Internal Reports System: It records various data from different department of a company, which is regarded as a major source of information.
2.Marketing Intelligence System: It is a main source used by managers for gaining daily information of the external environment, hence assists the managers to react to the changing rapidly.
3.Marketing Research System: It is used to collect primary and secondary data, and displays the results in forms of reports.
4.Marketing Decision Support System: Compared to the supply of the data by the three previous systems, it focuses more on processing the data.[9]
Advantages , Limitations & Possible Risks[edit]
Advantages[edit]
Bhasin stated that,"With an increasingly competitive and expanding market, the amount of information needed daily by an organization is profound. So they have to establish a Marketing Information system. There are several advantages of Marketing information systems
Organized Data collection – MkIS can help the managers to organize loads of data collected from the market, thus results in an increment in the productivity.
A broad perspective – With a proper MkIS in place, the organization can be tracked which can be used to analyze independent processes. This helps in establishing a broader perspective which helps us know which steps can be taken to facilitate improvement.
Storage of Important Data – The storage of important data is essential in execution and thus proves again that MkIS is not important only for information but also for execution.
Avoidance of Crisis – The best way to analyze a stock (share market) is to see its past performance. Top websites like moneycontrol thrive on MIS. Similarly MIS helps you keep tracks of margins and profits. With an amazing information system established, an organizations direction can be analysed and probably crises averted before they place.
Co-ordination – Consumer durables and FMCG companies have huge number of processes which needs to be co-ordinated. These companies depend completely on MIS for the proper running of the organization.
Analysis and Planning – MkIS plays a crucial role in the planning process, considering the planning procedure requires information. For planning, the first thing which is needed is the organizations capabilities, then the business environment and finallycompetitor analysis. In a proper MkIS, all these are present by default and are continuously updated. Therefore, MkIS is very important for planning and analysis.
Control – Just like MkIS can help in a crisis, in normal times it provides control as you have information of the various processes going on and what is happening across the company."[10]
Possible risks[edit]
"Nevertheless, the collection of marketing information should obey a high-frequent manner due to the rapid change in the external market." The possible risks the business may face if they disobey the manner according to Bhasin are:[11]
Opportunities may be missed.
There may be a lack of awareness of environmental changes and competitors' actions.
Data collection may be difficult to analyze over several time periods.
Marketing plans and decisions may not be properly reviewed.
Data collection may be disjointed.
Previous studies may not be stored in an easy to use format.
Time lags may result if a new study is required.
Actions may be reactionary rather than anticipatory.
Maintenance, complexity and setting up a MkIS are one of the major hindrances to Marketing information systems. Furthermore, wrong information being fed in MkIS can become cumbersome and appropriate filters need to be established.[10]
Limitations[edit]
Kotler and Philip have said that "both primary and secondary researches offer loads of the data and information needed for the marketers, whereas the secondary data sources are relatively superior in quick provision of data at lower cost. Simultaneously, a firm cannot find all the data required by itself, but sometimes can be done with the help of secondary research. However, researchers must assess those data collected from both primary and secondary data sources to enable the accuracy, updates and fairness. Each primary data collection method – observational, survey, and experimental – has its own advantages and disadvantages. Similarly, each of the various research contact methods – mail, telephone, personal interview, and online – also has its own advantages and drawbacks." [12]
Rural Marketing Information System (RuMIS)[edit]
A RuMIS is necessary not only for corporate organizations engaged in marketing of agricultural goods and manufactured goods intended for sales in rural areas. RuMIS is required also by the agriculturists and farmers who have enormous decis!ion-making to do.[13]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Marketing information system, Business Dictionary
^ Jump up to: a b Reid, Robert D.; Bojanic, David C. (2010). Hospitality Marketing Management (5th ed.). New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons,Inc. p. 209. ISBN 9780470088586.
Jump up ^ Kotler, Philip; Keller, Kevin Lane (2006). Marketing Management (12 ed.). Pearson Education.
Jump up ^ Robert R. Harmon. (2003). Marketing Information Systems. Encyclopedia of Information Systems, Vol. 3. Elsevier Science (USA), 137-151.
^ Jump up to: a b Shajahan, S.; Priyadharshini, R. (2004). Management Information Systems. India: New Page International(P) Ltd. p. 99. ISBN 8122415490.
Jump up ^ Pride, William M.; Ferrell, O.C. (2010). Marketing. Canada: Cengage Learning,Inc. p. 148. ISBN 9780547167473.
Jump up ^ Birn, Robin (2004). The Effective Use of Market Research: How to Drive and Focus Better Business Decisions (4th ed.). Great Britain: Kogan Page Limited. p. 22. ISBN 074944200X.
Jump up ^ Sandhusen, Richard L. (2000). Marketing (3rd ed.). Canada: Barron's Educational Series. p. 165. ISBN 9780764112775.
Jump up ^ Jaideep, S. (2015). "MIS: Marketing Information System (With Diagram)". YourArticleLibrary. Retrieved 1 Nov 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Bhasin, Hitesh (23 Oct 2015). "8 Advantages of Marketing Information Systems". Marketing 91. Retrieved 23 Oct 2015.
Jump up ^ Bhasin, Hitesh (23 Oct 2015). "MIS – Marketing information system". Marketing 91. Retrieved 23 Oct 2015.
Jump up ^ Kotler, Philip; Armstrong, Gary (2010). Principles of Marketing (13th ed.). United States of America: Pearson Education,Inc. p. 153. ISBN 9780137006694.
Jump up ^ Singh, Awadhesh Kumar; Pandey, Satyaprakash (2005). Rural Marketing: Indian Perspective. India: New Age International (P) Ltd. p. 114. ISBN 8122416837.
External links[edit]
"Chapter 9: Marketing Information Systems". fao.
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Jason Carter (actor)
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This biographical article needs additional citations for verification, as it includes attribution to IMDb. IMDb may not be a reliable source for biographical information. Please help by adding additional, reliable sources for verification. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (May 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Jason Carter
Jason Carter in 2013.
Born
Jason Brian Carter
(1960-09-23) 23 September 1960 (age 57)
Ealing, London, England, UK
Nationality
British
Occupation
Actor
Years active
1978–present
Spouse(s)
Susie Singer Carter
Children
Benjamin Carter
Gabriel Carter
Madeline Carter
Jason Brian Carter (born 23 September 1960) is an English actor, best known for his role as Ranger Marcus Cole on the science fiction television series Babylon 5.
Born in Ealing, London and brought up in Gainsborough, a small market-town in Lincolnshire, Carter appeared on stage since he was a child. Advised to pursue a career in rubber technology, Carter opted instead for three years at London Academy of Music and Dramatic Art. In 1982, he landed his first television role on BBC2’s long-running Jackanory (1965–1996) as Hawkwing.[citation needed] He has appeared in numerous television series including Viper, Beverly Hills, 90210, 3rd Rock from the Sun, Charmed, Angel and Babylon 5. He also played the hedgehog, Hans, in an episode of the television series The Storyteller. Carter also loaned his voice briefly to the James Bond video game GoldenEye: Rogue Agent, in the role of Bond. He also appeared in the film The Duel.
External links[edit]
Jason Carter on IMDb
Official Facebook Fan Page
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VIAF: 103525028
LCCN: no2009192104
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Jason_Carter_(actor)&oldid=790153256"
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Plant propagation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Gentian seedlings in a plant nursery
Plant propagation is the process of creating new plants from a variety of sources: seeds, cuttings and other plant parts. Plant propagation can also refer to the artificial or natural dispersal of plants.
Contents
[hide]
1 Sexual
2 Asexual propagation
3 Heated propagator
4 Seed propagation mat
5 See also
6 References
7 Bibliography
Sexual[edit]
One way to propagate an avocado seed
Further information: germination
Seeds and spores can be used for reproduction (through e.g. sowing). Seeds are typically produced from sexual reproduction within a species, because genetic recombination has occurred. A plant grown from seeds may have different characteristics from its parents. Some species produce seeds that require special conditions to germinate, such as cold treatment. The seeds of many Australian plants and plants from southern Africa and the American west require smoke or fire to germinate. Some plant species, including many trees do not produce seeds until they reach maturity, which may take many years. Seeds can be difficult to acquire and some plants do not produce seed at all. Some plants (like certain[1] Plants modified using genetic use restriction technology may produce seed, but not fertile seed.[2] In certain cases, this is done to prevent the accidental spreading of these plants, for example by birds and other animals.
Asexual propagation[edit]
Rose cuttings under plastic bottle greenhouse
Plants have a number of mechanisms for asexual or vegetative reproduction. Some of these have been taken advantage of by horticulturists and gardeners to multiply or clone plants rapidly. Humans may utilize these processes as propagation methods, such as tissue culture and grafting. Plants are produced using material from a single parent and as such there is no exchange of genetic material, therefore vegetative propagation methods almost always produce plants that are identical to the parent. Vegetative reproduction uses plants parts such as roots, stems and leaves.
In some plants seeds can be produced without fertilization and the seeds contain only the genetic material of the parent plant. Therefore, propagation via asexual seeds or apomixis is asexual reproduction but not vegetative propagation.
Softwood stemcuttings rooting in a controlled environment
Techniques for vegetative propagation include:
Air or ground layering
Division
Grafting and bud grafting, widely used in fruit tree propagation
Micropropagation
Stolons or runners
Storage organs such as bulbs, corms, tubers and rhizomes
Striking or cuttings
Twin-scaling
Offsets
Heated propagator[edit]
A heated propagator is a horticultural device to maintain a warm and damp environment for seeds and cuttings to grow in.
This can be in the form of a clear enclosed bin sitting over a hotpad, or even a portable heater pointed at the bin. The key is to keep the moisture in the clear bin, while keeping lighting over the top of it, usually.
Seed propagation mat[edit]
An electric seed-propagation mat is a heated rubber mat covered by a metal cage which is used in gardening. The mats are made so that planters containing seedlings can be placed on top of the metal cage without the risk of starting a fire. In extreme cold, gardeners place a loose plastic cover over the planters/mats which creates a sort of miniature greenhouse. The constant and predictable heat allows people to garden in the winter months when the weather is generally too cold for seedlings to survive naturally. When combined with a lighting system, many plants can be grown indoors using these mats.
See also[edit]
Plant propagation on Wikiversity
Adventitious
Clonal colony
Fruit tree propagation
Orthodox seed
Recalcitrant seed
Selection methods in plant breeding based on mode of reproduction
Propagation of grapevines
Weeping willow (tree) is an ornamental tree (Salix babylonica and related hybrids
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Hybrids of different species being sterile, hybrids of same species are not
Jump up ^ GMO plant made to produce infertile seeds
. <http://aggie-horticulture.tamu.edu/ornamental/a-reference-guide-to-plant-care-handling-and-merchandising/propagating-foliage-flowering-plants/>.
Bibliography[edit]
Charles W. Heuser. The Complete Book of Plant Propagation, Taunton Press, 1997. ISBN 1561582344
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Lick Life
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Lick Life
Title cards used from 2011-2014
Also known as
Lizard Lick Towing (2011-2014)
Genre
Reality
Starring
Ronnie Shirley
Amy Shirley
Big Juicy
Bobby Brantley (2011-2014)
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
5
No. of episodes
91 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Jessica Shreeve
Jo Inglott
Mike Gamson
Robyn Hutt
Steven Booth
Production company(s)
Zodiak USA
Release
Original network
truTV
Picture format
720p
1080p (iTunes)
Original release
Original series:
February 7, 2011 (2011-02-07) – August 18, 2014 (2014-08-18)
Reboot series:
2017
Chronology
Related shows
All Worked Up
Ronnie's Redneck Road Trip
External links
Website
Lick Life (also known simply as Lizard Lick previously known as Lizard Lick Towing) is an American reality television show that originated as a spin-off of the series All Worked Up and ran for four seasons on truTV from February 7, 2011, to August 18, 2014. The show follows Ron and Amy Shirley, Bobby Brantley, and their team of repossession actors in the Raleigh suburb of Wendell, North Carolina, the town that has jurisdiction over the Lizard Lick unincorporated area. The show is known for staged fights and scripted brawls that take place during the carefully choreographed repossessions of vehicles.[1][2]
It was announced in 2017 that Ronnie Shirley had been approached by UK channel Dave to make a TV series based on Lizard Lick Towing for the UK. The series, called Ronnie's Redneck Road Trip, will begin airing in the UK April 14, 2017.
It was announced on May 4, 2017 via Lizard Lick Towing Facebook page that a reboot of Lizard Lick Towing is in production as of May 2017. The new series will be titled Lick Life, an air date is yet to be confirmed.[3] The reboot series will follow the same format but will also add new parts to the show as well. Monty Hobbs has signed on to produce Lick Life as well as guest star. Lick Life will be 6 episodes focusing on the Shirleys' lives with Hobbs brainstorming their creative adventures.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Reboot series
3 Cast
4 Series overview
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
Lizard Lick Towing and Recovery is a local towing and recovery company owned and operated by Lizard Lick Mayor Pro-tem Ronnie Shirley and his wife Amy Shirley.[4]
Ron Shirley started Lizard Lick Towing in 1998 with a single truck, along with his wife Amy Shirley. In 10 years, the company grew to 15 staff members and a fleet of 20 trucks.[5] Bobby Brantley is Ron's friend and longtime co-worker, who started out as a dissatisfied customer after Ron towed his truck, then began working at Lizard Lick to pay off his debt.[6][7]
Ron and Amy originally were going to be part of Wife Swap.[6]
According to the local Eastern Wake News, the television series got its start at the end of August 2008, when the station sent a cameraman down for one day of shooting and that was all it took for a contract to be written. Those at the network were merely scouting out prospects at the time, but after realizing Amy Shirley was not only a power lifter, but a mortician and co-owner of the recovery business, they realized there was more color to the picture than originally anticipated.[8] Robyn Hutt, the truTV executive in charge of the show, was quoted by the Raleigh News and Observer "We really fell in love with Lizard Lick". The Shirleys are "dynamic and entertaining characters".[6]
The first television series following Ronnie and his company operations was All Worked Up.[9] TruTV later developed a new show solely dedicated to the Shirleys. The show premiered on February 7, 2011. The second season debuted on December 5, 2011. The third season premiered on January 21, 2013.[10] The fourth season premiered on December 16, 2013.[11] The series was canceled at the end of the fourth season.
Reboot series[edit]
It was announced in 2016 that Ronnie and Amy were in talks about a new TV series after Lizard Lick Towing was cancelled. They announced the new series on Facebook Live but didn't reveal much information due to contracts and rules. On May 4, 2017 the couple did another live stream video all about the new show which was revealed to be titled Lick Life. It's a soft reboot of Lizard Lick Towing due to the new show having the same format with other Lizard Lick staff towing and repossessing cars. The series began filming in April 2016 and is expected to air in the fall of 2017 or early 2018. An air date is yet to be confirmed.
It was also revealed that Big Juicy would also be returning to the show along side Ronnie and Amy with new cast members to join. It's unknown whether or not any of the old cast would return to the series.
Cast[edit]
This is a list of the main cast members and guest stars who have appeared and currently appearing on Lizard Lick Towing & Lick Life.
Key
= Main Cast
= Recurring (cast member appears in two or more episodes that series)
= Guest starring (cast member appears in only one episode that series)
Cast member
Lizard Lick Towing
Lick Life
Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 1
Current cast members
Ronnie Shirley Main
Amy Vaughn Shirley Main
Big Juicy Recurring Main
Former cast members
Bobby Brantley Main
Krazy Dave Eckler Main
Cassie Recurring
Johnny Reynolds Recurring
Lou Recurring
Earl Recurring
Micky Visser Guest
Grace Recurring
Ronnie Shirley: Owner of Lizard Lick Towing and Recovery/Repo Man
Amy Vaughn Shirley: Vice President of Lizard Lick Towing
Big Juicy: driver & office worker; her "real" name is Diane
Bobby Brantley: Ron's "Employee"
"Krazy Dave" Eckler: Shop Mechanic, called "KD"
Cassie: Bobby's on and off girlfriend, who betrayed him multiple times and caused Bobby to stab Ronnie in the back multiple times.
Johnny Reynolds: Ronnie's cousin, who occasionally helps out with the company/family, though he flirted with and tried to kiss Amy.
Lou: One of Get Licked Towing's employees who Bobby met at a junkyard
Earl: Repo man for Lizard Lick Towing, until he got fired for stealing.
Grace: One of Lizard Lick's office employees
Henry Cousins: Security guard
Series overview[edit]
Main article: List of Lizard Lick Towing episodes
During the course of the original series, 91 episodes have aired.
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
Season premiere
Season finale
Original Lizard Lick Towing series
1 12 February 7, 2011 (2011-02-07) October 10, 2011 (2011-10-10)
2 26 December 5, 2011 (2011-12-05) September 3, 2012 (2012-09-03)
3 26 January 21, 2013 (2013-01-21) September 30, 2013 (2013-09-30)
4 27 December 16, 2013 (2013-12-16) August 18, 2014 (2014-08-18)
Reboot Lick Life series
1 6 2017 (2017) 2017 (2017)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Clodfelter, Tim. "Tim's Top 5: TV shows set in North Carolina". Winston-Salem Journal. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ Vonder Haar, Pete (January 18, 2012). "Reality Bites: Lizard Lick Towing". Houston Press. Retrieved March 30, 2016.
Jump up ^ https://www.facebook.com/89953628775/videos/10156045587543776
Jump up ^ "Lizard Lick Towing". Company website. Retrieved May 18, 2010.
Jump up ^ "All Worked Up - Bios". TruTv.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Rolling with the repo man" Archived April 23, 2011, at the Wayback Machine.. NewsObserver.com. October 19, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Lizard Lick Towing - Bios". TruTV.
Jump up ^ Moody, Aaron (October 14, 2009). "Local repo man hits the small screen". Eastern Wake News. Archived from the original on July 25, 2011. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ "TruTV Web Portal for 'All Worked Up'" Archived October 22, 2009, at the Wayback Machine.. TruTV. Retrieved October 21, 2009.
Jump up ^ "truTV Hit Series "Lizard Lick Towing" Returns With All-New Episodes Beginning Jan. 21". The Futon Critic. November 27, 2012. Retrieved November 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Lizard Lick Towing Season 4". TVbytheNumbers. September 27, 2013. Retrieved October 23, 2013.
External links[edit]
Lizard Lick Towing website
Lizard Lick Towing on TruTV
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lick_Life&oldid=846381397"
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National Historic Preservation Act of 1966
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National Historic Preservation Act of 1966
Long title
An Act to establish a program for the preservation of additional historical properties through-out the Nation, and for other purposes.
Acronyms (colloquial)
NHPA
Enacted by
the 89th United States Congress
Effective
October 15, 1966
Citations
Public law
89-665
Statutes at Large
80 Stat. 915
Codification
Titles amended
54 U.S.C.: National Park Service and Related Programs
U.S.C. sections created
16 U.S.C. ch. 1A, subch. II § 470 et seq.
Legislative history
Introduced in the Senate as S. 3035 by Henry M. Jackson (D-WA) on March 7, 1966
Committee consideration by Senate Interior and Insular Affairs, House Interior and Insular Affairs
Passed the Senate on July 11, 1966 (passed)
Passed the House on October 10, 1966 (passed) with amendment
Senate agreed to House amendment on October 11, 1966 (agreed)
Signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson on October 15, 1966
The National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA; Public Law 89-665; 54 U.S.C. 300101 et seq.) is legislation intended to preserve historical and archaeological sites in the United States of America. The act created the National Register of Historic Places, the list of National Historic Landmarks, and the State Historic Preservation Offices.
Senate Bill 3035, the National Historic Preservation Act, was signed into law on October 15, 1966, and is the most far-reaching preservation legislation ever enacted in the United States. Several amendments have been made since. Among other things, the act requires federal agencies to evaluate the impact of all federally funded or permitted projects on historic properties (buildings, archaeological sites, etc.) through a process known as Section 106 Review.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early development
2 Post WWII and urban renewal
3 National Historic Preservation Act
4 Section 106 review process
5 Motives
6 Effects of the NHPA
7 Notes
8 External links
Early development[edit]
Prior to the 1960s, "historic preservation was," according to a 2015 column in The Washington Post, "neither a public policy issue nor part of America's architectural, planning and real estate development culture. Historic-preservation laws didn't exist."[1] Although there was no national policy regarding preservation until 1966, efforts in the 19th century initiated the journey towards legislation. One of the earliest efforts of the preservation movement occurred around the 1850s when George Washington’s home, Mount Vernon, was in shambles. His nephew attempted to sell it to the federal government for $200,000, but no one bought it.[2] To prevent further destruction or conversion to a resort, Ann Pamela Cunningham created the Mount Vernon Ladies' Association to fight for this house. After establishing the first group promoting preservation efforts, they raised the money to acquire the property and protect it from ruin. Due to their efforts, not only does this house stand to represent the nation and the birth of independence, but it also, "served as a blueprint for later organizations."[3]
In 1906, an act was passed on the behalf of the nation's history and land. President Teddy Roosevelt signed the Antiquities Act that "prohibited the excavation of antiquities from public lands without a permit from the Secretary of Interior."[4] It also gave the president authority to declare a specific piece of land a national monument, therefore protecting it from scavengers and proclaiming national identity.[5]
In 1916, the Department of the Interior established a new entity known as the National Park Service, the nation's first agency to regulate and manage public space, including the national monuments.[6] "Over the past fifty years the NPS has acquired more than 26,000,000 acres (110,000 km2) of land, including not only the great chain of parks preserved for their natural beauty and value, but an extraordinary variety of historic buildings, monuments, and sites."[7]
By 1935, Congress formed the Historic Sites Act that established a national policy for preservation and permitted the Secretary of Interior to create programs on behalf of preservation efforts.[8] Historic American Buildings Survey (HABS), one of the established programs, provided jobs for architects, engineers, and surveyors who suffered from the Great Depression era. They were to record, document, interpret, and survey historic properties.[9] The Historic Sites Act also organized the national parks under the National Park Service, which created the foundation for the future development of National Register of Historic Places.[10] Although the Antiquities Act and Historic Sites Act were major stepping stones for the preservation movement, it did not create a public "national awareness."[11]
On October 26, 1949, President Harry Truman signed the National Trust for Historic Preservation act "to facilitate public participation in the preservation of sites, buildings, and objects of national significance or international interest." In addition, the bill enforced public participation in preserving and protecting the sites, buildings, objects of national significance in American history."[12] Initially, the National Trust for Historic Preservation did not provide funds for preservation projects. Today, they are able to offer funds for planning and education, providing a plethora of information, techniques, and methods to assist people in applying preservation locally.
Post WWII and urban renewal[edit]
External video
Secretary of Interior Sally Jewell
National Historic Preservation Act 50th Anniversary, C-SPAN, 53:41, November 6, 2015
In 1956, President Dwight D. Eisenhower signed the Federal Aid Highway Act of 1956 into law which established the Interstate Highway System, providing an easy and efficient way for troops to depart if under attack. Due to this new construction, many historic properties were destroyed. In the 1960s, President John F. Kennedy launched the Urban Renewal Program. Hoping the plan would rejuvenate the cities, it in fact increased the destruction in the downtown areas.[13] The increase in population around this time, as well, and the manufacturing of cars called for a rapid change, therefore hindering our nation and its culture.[14] "With the urbanization, tear downs, and rebuilding America ... it is destroying the physical evidence of the past." During the 1950s and 1960s, people saw the negative changes in their cities and developed a concern for their "quality of life that reflected their identity."[15]
As a response to the nationwide destruction brought about by federally initiated programs, a report coordinated by Lady Bird Johnson analyzed the country and the effects of urban renewal. With Heritage So Rich, an accumulation of essays, wrote "an expansive inventory of properties reflecting the nation's heritage, a mechanism to protect those properties from unnecessary harm caused by federal activities, a program of financial incentives, and an independent federal preservation body to coordinate the actions of federal agencies affecting historic preservation."[16] The book triggered public awareness of the issue and offered a proposition to handle the situation through the National Historic Preservation Act.[11]
National Historic Preservation Act[edit]
The National Historic Preservation Act was signed into law by Lyndon B. Johnson on October 15, 1966.[17] This act established several institutions: Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, State Historic Preservation Office, National Register of Historic Places, and the Section 106 review process.[15] The Section 106 Process is further explained and defined in 36 CFR Part 800.
Meeting four times a year, the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation consists of 23 members from both public and private sectors, with the chairman appointed by the president.[18] The Council’s role is to advise the President and Congress on historic preservation issues, to develop policies and guidelines handling any conflicts of federal agencies, and to participate in the Section 106 review process.[19]
The National Register of Historic Places, overseen by the National Park Service, is the nation's official list of districts, sites, buildings, structures, and objects worthy of preservation,[20] and are officially designated "historic properties" regardless of whether they are archaeological or historic. To be eligible for listing, a property must meet one of four criteria and have sufficient integrity.[21] Being listed on or eligible for listing on the National Register does not automatically prevent damage or destruction but it qualifies these approved properties for grants, loans, and tax incentives.[22]
The State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and Officer was established by the NHPA to coordinate statewide inventory of historic properties, nominate properties to the National Register, maintain a statewide preservation plan, assist others, and advise and educate locals.[23] There are a total of 59 SHPO officers, one for each state with eight additional ones, which include the District of Columbia, Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, and others.
Section 106 review process[edit]
Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act mandates federal agencies undergo a review process for all federally funded and permitted projects that will impact sites listed on, or eligible for listing on, the National Register of Historic Places. Specifically it requires the federal agency to "take into account" the effect a project may have on historic properties. It allows interested parties an opportunity to comment on the potential impact projects may have on significant archaeological or historic sites. The main purpose for the establishment of the Section 106 review process is to minimize potential harm and damage to historic properties.[24]
Any federal agency whose project, funding or permit may affect a historic property, both those listed or eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places, must consider the effects on historic properties and "seek ways to avoid, minimize or mitigate" any adverse effects on historic properties. The typical Section 106 Review involves four primary steps: 1 - Initiation of the Section 106 Review; 2 - Identification of Historic Properties; 3 - Assessment of Adverse Effects; and 4 - Resolution of Adverse Effects. Further steps may be required if there is a disagreement among the consulting parties on adverse effects or the resolution of the effects.[25]
The federal agency overseeing the project inventories the project area (or contracts with a qualified consultant) to determine the presence or absence of historic properties. They then submit to the SHPO a Determination of Effect/Finding of Effect (DOE/FOE) outlining to the SHPO the project, the efforts taken identify historic properties, and what effects, if any, the project may have on historic properties. If the project is believed to have no adverse effect on eligible historic resources and the SHPO and other consulting parties agree, then the Section 106 process is effectively closed and the project may proceed. Alternatively, if an adverse effect is expected, the agency is required to work with the local State Historic Preservation Office to ensure that all interested parties are given an opportunity to review the proposed work and provide comments. This step seeks ways for the project to avoid having an adverse effect on historic properties. Ideally, a Memorandum of Agreement is reached between all consulting parties outlining agreed to mitigation or avoidance of historic properties, but this is not always the case. Without this process historical properties would lose a significant protection. This process helps decide different approaches and solutions to the project, but does not prevent any site from demolition or alteration.[15]
Motives[edit]
Early preservation efforts were driven by patriotism and a desire to protect the new establishment of the nation by wealthy, private individuals. Early efforts focused primarily on individual structures as opposed to areas such as a neighborhood in a city or a rural landscape. The preserved structures were often turned into museums to create a showcase and generate tourism.[26] The focus of preservation eventually shifted from patriotism to the aesthetics of a structure or area and ultimately to their structural relationships with society at large.[27] According to Robin Elizabeth Datel, modern motivations for preservation can be summed up in four points:
to retain diverse elements of past
to perpetuate the distinctive identities of places
to involve amateurs in landscape care
to practice a conservation approach to environmental change.[28]
The economic benefits of preservation continue to become more important and better understood and documented. Preservation efforts produce the most number of jobs in the nation’s economy[29] and these jobs create new businesses and tourism, increase property values, and enhanced the quality of life in a community.
Effects of the NHPA[edit]
The National Historic Preservation Act has led to major changes in the employment trends in historic preservation fields. Archaeologists, historians, historic architects, and others have been employed in vast numbers in the field of cultural resource management. Cultural resource management is an umbrella term which encompasses archaeology, historic preservation and other disciplines when employed for the purposes of compliance with NHPA and other federal and state-mandated historic preservation laws.
Prior to the passage and subsequent enforcement (through litigation) of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966 and other laws, most archaeologists, historians, and other historic preservation specialists were employed primarily in the field of academia, working at universities or other places of higher learning. However, since the passage of the NHPA, ever-increasing numbers of these professionals are employed in support of the cultural resources management industry. Large public works projects often require that teams of archaeologists perform limited excavations in order to properly inventory buried archaeological remains and assess their eligibility for the National Register of Historic Places. This industry has also allowed a larger swath of individuals to participate in archaeology and history as, unlike in the academic arena, a PhD is not required to earn a professional livelihood.
The Secretary of the Interior's Professional Qualification Standards for archeologists require a graduate degree plus at least one year of full-time experience, at least four months of fieldwork, and demonstrated ability to carry research to completion. Additionally, the basic field work often required in support of performing inventories of cultural resources is conducted by individuals with or earning bachelor's degrees. As a result, many undergraduates and recent graduates in the fields which support the implementation of the National Historic Preservation Act have found gainful employment. In the past, they stood little chance of earning a living in these fields without an advanced degree. However, Cultural Resource Management (CRM) is still one of the lowest paying fields for educated professionals.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Lewis, Roger K. (September 11, 2015). "Historic preservation doesn't have a long history in U.S." The Washington Post. Washington, D.C. Retrieved June 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Christopher J. Duerken et all., A Handbook on Historic Preservation Law, edited by Christopher J. Duerken (Washington D.C.: Conservation Foundation: National Center for Preservation Law, 1983), 1.
Jump up ^ Christopher Tunnard, "Landmarks of Beauty," With Heritage So Rich, chaired by Albert Rains, directed by Laurence G. Henderson (New York: Random House, 1966), 30. & Mitchell Schwarzer, "Myths of Permanence and Transience in the Discourse on Historic Preservation in the United States," Journal of Architectural Education 48, no. 1 (September 1994): 3–4.
Jump up ^ Thomas F. King, Cultural Resource: Law and Practice, 2nd ed. (New York: Altamira Press, 2004), 19.
Jump up ^ Duerken, 8.
Jump up ^ King, 19.
Jump up ^ Walter Muri Whitehall, "The Right of Cities to be Beautiful," With Heritage So Rich, chaired by Albert Rains, directed by Laurence G. Henderson (New York: Random House, 1966), 48.
Jump up ^ Adina W. Kanefield, Federal Historic Preservation Case Law, 1966-1996, rev. ed., http://www.achp.gov/book/TOC2.html (accessed April 19, 2008).
Jump up ^ King, 20.
Jump up ^ Duekern, 8.
^ Jump up to: a b Kanefield.
Jump up ^ Whitehall, 49.
Jump up ^ King, 21.
Jump up ^ Tunnard, 30.
^ Jump up to: a b c King, 22.
Jump up ^ Robert Stipe, A Richer Heritage: Historic Preservation in 21st Century (Chapel Hill: University of Chapel Hill Press, 2003), 35.
Jump up ^ Stipe, 35.
Jump up ^ Stipe, 38.
Jump up ^ Duerken, 9. & Kanefield.
Jump up ^ King, 40.
Jump up ^ A property does not have to be officially listed on the National Register of Historic Places to receive protection, they just have to be considered eligible for listing on the NRHP. One historian notes that National Park Service administrators "...responded enthusiastically to their growing professional authority by issuing a new, systematic outline of American history to serve as a guideline for the agency." John A. Matzko, Reconstructing Fort Union (University of Nebraska Press, 2001), p. 65.
Jump up ^ Charles E. Fisher, “Promoting the Preservation of Historic Buildings: Historic Preservation Policy in the United States,” APT Bulletin 29, no. ¾ (1998): 8.
Jump up ^ King, 42.
Jump up ^ Stipe, 49.
Jump up ^ Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, "Protection Historic Properties: A Citizen's Guide to Section 106 Review," Updated Brochure 2011.
Jump up ^ Fisher, 7.
Jump up ^ Schwarzer, 2.
Jump up ^ Robin Elizabeth Datel, “Preservation and a Sense of Orientation for American Cities,” Geographical Review 75, no. 2 (April 1985): 125.
Jump up ^ Donovan D. Rypkema, The Economics of Historic Preservation: A Community Leader’s Guide (Washington D.C.: National Trust for Historic Preservation, 1994), 11.
External links[edit]
Text of the National Historic Preservation Act of 1966
Summary of the National Historic Preservation Act From National Park Service
36 CRF Part 800 Protection of Historic Properties
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