text:
The Sorcerer's Apprentice (Dukas)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Sorcerer's Apprentice (French: L'apprenti sorcier) is a symphonic poem in the key of F minor by the French composer Paul Dukas, written in 1897. Subtitled "Scherzo after a ballad by Goethe", the piece was based on Johann Wolfgang von Goethe's 1797 poem of the same name. By far the most performed and recorded of Dukas's works, its notable appearance in the Walt Disney 1940 animated film Fantasia has led to the piece becoming widely known to audiences outside the classical concert hall.
Contents
[hide]
1 Description
2 Instrumentation
3 Fantasia
4 Other screen versions
5 Main musical motif
6 References
7 External links
Description[edit]
Inspired by the Goethe poem, Dukas's work is part of the larger Romantic genre of programmatic music, which composers like Franz Liszt, Claude Debussy, Jean Sibelius and Richard Strauss increasingly explored as an alternative to earlier symphonic forms. Unlike other tone poems, such as La mer by Debussy or Finlandia by Sibelius, Dukas's work is, like works such as Till Eulenspiegel's Merry Pranks by Strauss, descriptively programmatic, closely following the events described in the Goethe poem. It was customary, in fact, to publish the poem as part of the orchestral score.[1]
Instrumentation[edit]
The instrumentation of the piece consists of two flutes and piccolo, two oboes, two soprano clarinets and bass clarinet, three bassoons and contrabassoon (or contrabass sarrusophone), four horns, two trumpets (in C), two cornets, three trombones, timpani, glockenspiel, bass drum, cymbals, triangle, harp and strings. The formidable glockenspiel part is sometimes handled by a pianist playing a keyboard glockenspiel or celesta, but is usually played by a percussionist on a traditional glockenspiel making it a common orchestral excerpt for percussion auditions. Dukas also made a transcription for two pianos of this orchestral piece.
Fantasia[edit]
Fantasia soundtrack album, picturing Mickey Mouse as the sorcerer's apprentice.
Although The Sorcerer's Apprentice was already a popular concert piece, it was brought to a much larger audience through its inclusion in the 1940 Walt Disney animated concert film Fantasia, in which Mickey Mouse plays the role of the apprentice. Disney had acquired the music rights in 1937 when he planned to release a separate Mickey Mouse film, which, at the suggestion of Leopold Stokowski, was eventually expanded into Fantasia.[2]
Stokowski's version for the soundtrack of Fantasia remains one of the most famous. Although too early for high fidelity, the performance was recorded using multi-tracks and was the first use of stereophonic sound in a film. It is the only part of the film for which Stokowski conducted a studio orchestra, rather than the Philadelphia Orchestra.
In terms of the storyline of the film, the sorcerer's final anger with his apprentice which appears in Fantasia does not appear in Goethe's source poem, Der Zauberlehrling. The popularity of the musical piece in Fantasia led to it being used again in Fantasia 2000.
Other screen versions[edit]
A decade prior to Fantasia, in 1930 William Cameron Menzies directed and Joseph M. Schenck produced a series of four short films of classical music. One of the four, based on the Dukas music, was titled The Wizard's Apprentice;[3] this short film has been released on DVD and shown on Classic Arts Showcase. In 1931, the Dukas piece was used in Study No. 8 by Oskar Fischinger.[4]
The Dukas piece and Goethe poem were also, by way of the film Fantasia, the inspiration of the 2010 Disney movie, The Sorcerer's Apprentice, starring Nicolas Cage and Jay Baruchel.
Main musical motif[edit]
Sorcerer's Apprentice (sound sample)
Organ arrangement: Josh Perschbacher
Problems playing this file? See media help.

References[edit]
Jump up ^ Abbate, Carolyn. "What the Sorcerer Said". 19th-Century Music, Vol. 12, No. 3 (Spring, 1989). University of North Carolina Press. pp. 221–230.
Jump up ^ Allan, Robin (1999). Walt Disney and Europe. Indianapolis: Indiana University Press US. p. 149. ISBN 978-0-253-21353-2.
Jump up ^ The Wizard's Apprentice (1930) on IMDb
Jump up ^ https://vimeo.com/35735682
External links[edit]
The Sorcerer's Apprentice: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project (IMSLP)
"L'Apprenti sorcier" at MusicBrainz (information and list of recordings)
[show]
v
t
e
Paul Dukas
Opera
Ariane et Barbe-bleue (1899–1907)
Ballet
La Péri (1911–12)
Orchestral works
Polyeucte (1891)
Symphony in C (1896)
The Sorcerer's Apprentice (1897)
Piano music
Piano Sonata (1900)
Variations, Interlude and Finale on a Theme by Rameau (1899–1902)
Related articles
Impressionism in music
[show]
v
t
e
Fantasia
Fantasia (1940)
Fantasia 2000 (1999)
Conductors
Leopold Stokowski (Fantasia)
Irwin Kostal (1982 digital re-recording)
James Levine (Fantasia 2000)
Segments
Fantasia
Toccata and Fugue in D minor
The Nutcracker Suite
The Sorcerer's Apprentice
The Rite of Spring
Symphony No. 6
Dance of the Hours
Night on Bald Mountain/Ave Maria
Fantasia 2000
Symphony No. 5
Pines of Rome
Rhapsody in Blue
Piano Concerto No. 2
The Carnival of the Animals
The Sorcerer's Apprentice
Pomp and Circumstance Marches
The Firebird Suite
Characters
Mickey Mouse
Donald Duck
Daisy Duck
Chernabog
Yen Sid
Video games
Fantasia (1991)
Disney Magical World (2013)
Disney Infinity (2013)
Fantasia: Music Evolved (2014)
Related
A Corny Concerto (1943 film)
Gumbasia (1955 film)
Allegro Non Troppo (1977 film)
Destino (2003)
Lorenzo (2004)
Fantasia Gardens
Fantasmic!
Fantasound
The Sorcerer's Apprentice (2010)
Sorcerer's Hat
Disney Fantasia: Live in Concert
Kingdom Hearts
Epic Mickey
Once Upon a Time
Ten Pieces
Deems Taylor
See also: Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Sorcerer%27s_Apprentice_(Dukas)&oldid=807974292"
Categories:
1897 compositions
Adaptations of works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe
Compositions by Paul Dukas
Compositions in F minor
Music based on poems
Segments from Fantasia
Segments from Fantasia 2000
Symphonic poems
Hidden categories:
Articles with hAudio microformats
Works with IMSLP links
Articles with International Music Score Library Project links
MusicBrainz work same as Wikidata
Articles with MusicBrainz work links
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Brezhoneg
Català
Deutsch
Español
Français
Galego
Italiano
Magyar
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
6 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 31 October 2017, at 03:37.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: i

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Romantic_Music
mw-redirect
Romantic Music

values:
/wiki/Animated_film
mw-redirect
Animated film

values:
/wiki/Der_Zauberlehrling
mw-redirect
Der Zauberlehrling

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 110px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -27.5px;

values: width:220px width: 220px; position: relative;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.joshperschbacher.com

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help
mw-redirect
Wikipedia:Media help

values: \relative c' { \clef treble \time 9/8 \key f \minor \tempo "Assez lent" 8 = 90 f4.\p_"espress."( c' c,8 d e | f4.)~ f8 }

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 150px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: mediaContainer mwPlayerContainer k-player videoHolder

values: width:300px width: 300px; position: relative;

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.jstor.org/stable/746503

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0134218/
external text

values:
nofollow
external free
https://vimeo.com/35735682

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Adaptations of works by Johann Wolfgang von Goethe

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:Articles with International Music Score Library Project links

values: Category:MusicBrainz work same as Wikidata

values: Category:Articles with MusicBrainz work links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: L'apprendista stregone (poema sinfonico) – Italian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values: 魔法使いの弟子 – Japanese

values: Trollmannens læregutt (Dukas) – Norwegian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values: Ученик чародея (симфоническая поэма) – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: ลาพร็องตีซอร์ซีเย – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Sorcerer_s_Apprentice_Dukas rootpage-The_Sorcerer_s_Apprentice_Dukas skin-vector action-view


text:
The Cab
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Cab
The Cab performing at Utah's E Center in October 2008.
Background information
Origin
Las Vegas, Nevada, U.S.
Genres
Alternative rock
pop punk
pop rock
power pop
emo pop
pop
Years active
2004–present
Labels
Fueled by Ramen
DCD2
Republic
Universal
Website
thecabrock.com
Members
Alexander DeLeon
Joey Thunder
Chantry Johnson
Dave Briggs
Past members
Alex T. Marshall
Alex Johnson
Bryan Dawson
Cash Colligan
Paul Garcia
Ian Crawford
The Cab is an American rock band from Las Vegas, Nevada. Their debut album, Whisper War, was released on April 29, 2008. They have been called "The Band You Need to Know 2008" by Alternative Press magazine. They were also featured in the '100 Bands You Need to Know in 2010' by the magazine and were one of the three bands featured on the cover page, along with Never Shout Never and Hey Monday. Their second album Symphony Soldier was released on August 23, 2011,[1] with its first single "Bad" released to iTunes July 11, 2011[2] and announced by the band on July 18. The Cab funded the entire album by themselves and left their Fueled by Ramen/Decaydance label, self-releasing Symphony Soldier. AbsolutePunk gave an extremely positive review with a rating of 95%, calling the album a "masterpiece".[3] The pre-orders in the band's webstore featured eleven packages, ranging from $10 to $9,999.[4][5] Symphony Soldier is digitally available on iTunes,[6] and only available as physical CDs from the band's webstore. The band's latest work, Lock Me Up EP, was released on April 29, 2014.[7]
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 2004–2007: Formation and early years
1.2 2007–2008: Rise to fame
1.3 2008: Whisper War
1.4 2009–2012: Symphony Soldier and lineup changes
1.5 2012–present: Third studio album and Lock Me Up
2 Musical style
3 Band members
3.1 Timeline
4 Discography
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
2004–2007: Formation and early years[edit]
Band members Alexander DeLeon and Cash Colligan first began playing music together at Liberty High School (Henderson, Nevada) and recorded demos as a duo which they put up on their MySpace page.[8] At this time, future guitarist Ian Crawford went to school in Auburn, WA and started out playing his guitar in talent shows and posting them on YouTube. DeLeon asked drummer Alex Johnson, who was playing in a local hardcore band, to join The Cab. In late 2005, it became a full band with guitarist Paul Garcia, guitar/pianist Alex Marshall, and drummer Alex Johnson, playing its first show at The Alley in Las Vegas. The band signed to local label Olympus Records in January 2006[9] but released no material. After giving a demo to Spencer Smith and Jon Walker of Panic! at the Disco at a Cobra Starship/Boys Like Girls/Cartel show, Smith helped them sign to Decaydance Records in May 2007.[8][10] Shortly after this, the band's members graduated from high school.[11] During this time they decided to replace Garcia with Ian Crawford, who moved from Washington to join the band.[12]
2007–2008: Rise to fame[edit]
Blender named them No. 420 on their Top 100 Hot Report in September 2007, before they released any official material.[13] The group has toured with Panic! at the Disco, We the Kings, Metro Station, Cobra Starship, There For Tomorrow, Charlotte Sometimes, Forever the Sickest Kids, Dashboard Confessional, Plain White Tees, The Hush Sound, and others. In February 2008, their touring van turned over in Wisconsin, but none of the members were seriously injured, and they only missed one tour date.[14] In March 2008, the band played SXSW.[15]
2008: Whisper War[edit]
Their Matt Squire-produced first album, Whisper War, was released on April 29, 2008, featuring Brendon Urie of Panic! at the Disco and Patrick Stump of Fall Out Boy on "One of Those Nights," co-written by Stump and the first single from the CD.[16][17][18] The video for "One of Those Nights" features members of both Panic! at the Disco and Pete Wentz and Patrick Stump of Fall Out Boy. By February 15, 2008, the featured song from the album, "I'll Run", received over 300,000 hits on the band's MySpace page.[19] On October 30, their third single, "Bounce", was revealed in a new music video on the Fueled by Ramen page on YouTube. This song peaked at No. 69 on the defunct US Billboard Pop 100 chart.[20]
On May 7, 2008, Whisper War debuted on the US Billboard 200 at No. 108,[21] placing it at No. 1 on the Billboard Heatseekers Albums chart for new and developing artists.[22]
The Cab began the Dance Across the Country Tour with The Hush Sound, Steel Train and The Morning Light on July 7 in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Hey Monday opened for them at The Culture Room in South Florida. The "Why So Serious? Tour" began in September with support from This Providence, Hey Monday and A Rocket to the Moon. In October, they also joined Panic! at the Disco, Dashboard Confessional, and the Plain White T's on the Rock Band Live tour.
Their songs "Bounce" and "One of Those Nights" are featured as downloadable tracks in Rock Band 2, although "One of Those Nights" is an alternate version than that of the one on "Whisper War".
The Cab has appeared on Punk Goes Pop 2, covering Rihanna's "Disturbia". In February and March 2009 the band toured with We the Kings, There for Tomorrow and Versaemerge on the "Secret Valentine Tour". On May 1, 2009, the band performed an entire set dedicated to Queen.[23]
After a short break, they toured with We the Kings, Forever the Sickest Kids, Nevershoutnever! and Mercy Mercedes on the "Bamboozle Road Show Tour". Shortly after, the band announced their first national headlining tour, called the What Happens in Vegas... tour, with the support of The Secret Handshake, A Rocket to the Moon, Eye Alaska, Anarbor, The Summer Set, and My Favorite Highway. The tour began on June 18 and ended on August 9.
2009–2012: Symphony Soldier and lineup changes[edit]
On June 1, 2009 lead singer Alexander DeLeon announced on his blog[24] that guitarist Ian Crawford had decided to leave the band. Although DeLeon did say that Crawford had decided to leave due to creative differences, there seemed to be no animosity between him and the band. For their then-upcoming What Happens in Vegas... tour, The Cab announced that their friend Bryan Dawson would be replacing Ian Crawford, who soon became the touring guitarist of Panic! at the Disco.
On August 19, 2009, bassist Cash Colligan announced that he would also be leaving the band.[25] The news of Colligan's split first appeared on The Cab's official MySpace blog. Colligan's departure, like Crawford's, seemed to be amicable as the band wrote, "We wish him the best and I'm sure he'll be no stranger at a Cab show or anytime we're back in town." The same day Colligan posted his own explanation for leaving the band on his official MySpace blog. He wrote, "I'm proud as a founding member of this band to say the things I've done, the people I've met and the friends I've made. After five years it's time for me to take a mental nap. Being home I can collect my thoughts and move forward." Colligan went on to say that he would be settling down in Las Vegas and that now is just not the right time for him to be touring on the road.
In a blog DeLeon posted after Cash decided to leave the band he said, "Thank you again to everyone for your unending support, you've made the tour and this summer one we'll never forget. We hope to see everybody again soon. We are happier than ever and have so many songs we are dying to show you guys! Get ready... the best is yet to come."
They announced they will be featured in the Alternative Press Tour 2010 and Warped Tour 2010. On January 16, 2010, Alex DeLeon announced via Twitter that "Bryan is going to be a father!". Bryan later confirmed, and confirmed his leave from the band, saying via his own Twitter that he "wanted to thank everyone for the support and love in this crazy time. Love you all now watch out the guys are gonna do great things, promise." A day later, Alex DeLeon announced that The Cab are looking for a new guitar player: "Anyone know any guitar players? serious submissions only. Here is your chance. We need someone who can really play. Big shoes to fill." In the Summer of 2010, the band gained new guitarist and cellist Chantry Johnson. They were recently featured on "The Real World".[citation needed]
The Cab was on the "Ap Tour" in March–May 2010.[citation needed] They played songs off Whisper War and also performed the song, "Locked Up", from their recently released album.[citation needed]
On March 5, DeLeon posted on his Twitter account "singing on the las vegas house of blues stage tonight. it's been too long. been craving the lights. can anyone guess with who?"[citation needed] Later that night he appeared on stage with former Cab bassist Cash Colligan's new band, Play for Keeps. DeLeon sang guest vocals on the Play for Keeps song "Just Like the Movies" live, where normally Travis Clark from We the Kings sings on the recording.
On June 22, 2011, The Cab announced on their website that they were departing from their label Fueled by Ramen and Decaydance Records before finally releasing their new album, Symphony Soldier. The first single from the album, "Bad", debuted on Sirius XM Radio.[citation needed]
Symphony Soldier was released on August 23, 2011.[1] with its first single "Bad" released to iTunes early July and announced by the band on July 18. AbsolutePunk gave an extremely positive review, calling the album a "masterpiece".[3] The Cab guitarist alumnus Ian Crawford played guitar for the album. It features several guest artists co-writing, including Pete Wentz, Bruno Mars and Adam Levine.
In August 2011, The Cab gained a second guitarist, Frank Sidoris, and drummer, Dave Briggs. The band toured with Simple Plan, Forever The Sickest Kids, and Marianas Trench in the fall of 2011. The band co-headlined the "Everything's Fine Symphony Soldier" tour during January and February 2012 with best friends The Summer Set, with supporting acts He Is We, Days Difference, and Paradise Fears. The band also co-headlined a tour with Parachute in the summer of 2012.[citation needed]
On June 20, 2012 they announced that they would be supporting Maroon 5 on the Overexposed World Tour, set to take place in September–October. They visited South Korea, Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, Thailand, China, Japan, Taiwan, and Australia.[citation needed] That same summer, Sidoris announced his intention to leave the band and join Slash's new band Slash featuring Myles Kennedy and The Conspirators.
2012–present: Third studio album and Lock Me Up[edit]
After remaining independent for over a year, on August 31, 2012 The Cab announced that they had signed a record deal with Universal Republic. With the signing to the record label, in late 2012, the band stated, during an interview, that they have begun work on their new album, to be released in mid-2014. An EP, Lock Me Up, was released on April 29, 2014.[26]
On April 25, 2014, Alex Marshall announced he had parted ways with The Cab via their official Facebook page.[27]
While there has been no formal announcement of a breakup or a hiatus, it seems the band has taken a break. On October 31, 2015, Alexander DeLeon announced that he would be releasing a new single, "Guns and Roses", as a solo artist, under the moniker Bohnes, on November 13, 2015.[28]
Musical style[edit]
The Cab's musical style has been described as pop rock,[29][30][31] pop punk,[32][33][34] alternative rock,[35][36] emo pop,[37] power pop,[38] and pop.[39]
The band's EP "Lock Me Up" departed from the bands previous pop punk and alternative rock sound, in favor of pop, R&B and electropop.[36]
Band members[edit]
Current members
Alexander DeLeon – lead vocals (2004–present)
Joey Thunder – bass guitar (2009–present)
Chantry Johnson – lead guitar, backing vocals, cello (2010–present)
Dave Briggs – drums, percussion (2011–present)
Former members
Alex T. Marshall - rhythm guitar, piano, backing vocals (2004–2014)
Alex Johnson – drums, percussion (2005–2011)
Bryan Dawson – lead guitar (2009–2010)
Cash Colligan – bass guitar, backing vocals (2004–2009)
Paul Garcia – lead guitar (2005–2007)
Ian Crawford – lead guitar, backing vocals (2007–2009)
Timeline[edit]
Discography[edit]
Main article: The Cab discography
Whisper War (2008)
Symphony Soldier (2011)
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b The Cab's Symphony Soldier Release Date AbsolutePunk.net. Retrieved July 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ Bad - Single on iTunes iTunes. Retrieved July 19, 2011
^ Jump up to: a b The Cab - Symphony Soldier Review AbsolutePunk.net. Retrieved July 19, 2011
Jump up ^ And For $10,000 You Can Have a Lock of Alex Marshall's Hair... Buzznet. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
Jump up ^ The Cab Webstore The Cab Official Website. Retrieved October 30, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Pre order packages". thecabrock.com. Retrieved August 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ "The Cab Bio". AllMusic.
^ Jump up to: a b The Cab at Allmusic
Jump up ^ The Cab Rides into Local Music Scene. Las Vegas Review-Journal, March 14, 2006.
Jump up ^ Decaydance Signs The Cab. Alternative Press, May 16, 2007.
Jump up ^ Exclusive Session with The Cab.
Jump up ^ Dig Magazine, December 13, 2007.
Jump up ^ The Hot Report 2007:84-70. Blender, September 2007
Jump up ^ "The Cab {KAYA IS } Hope to Gain Fame with Debut CD". Quinnipiac Chronicle, March 5, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The Cab Previews Debut CD, Wraps First Major Tour with SXSW Slot". Las Vegas Weekly, March 13, 2008
Jump up ^ Review of Whisper War. Allmusic
Jump up ^ Review of Whisper War. Absolutepunk.net, April 30, 2008.
Jump up ^ Review of Whisper War. The Album Project, April 30, 2008.
Jump up ^ The Show Must Go On. Las Vegas Review-Journal, February 15, 2008.
Jump up ^ Billboard Singles, Allmusic
Jump up ^ Billboard.com - Discography - The Cab - Whisper War
Jump up ^ Billboard- Updated Album Charts from the most Trusted Music Magazine
Jump up ^ Ambrose, Anthony. "inTuneMusic Online: Hoodwink @ East Rutherford 5/1". Retrieved 2009-05-11.
Jump up ^ DeLeon, Alexander Michael. "Symphony Soldier". Retrieved 2009-06-01.
Jump up ^ The Cab. "The Cab Myspace". Retrieved 2009-08-19.
Jump up ^ "The Cab 'Lock Me Up' Lyric Video: Exclusive Premiere". Billboard. Retrieved April 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ "The Cab frontman Alexander DeLeon launches solo project—listen - News - Alternative Press". Retrieved 6 September 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Cab: Pop-Punk Remains Great".
Jump up ^ "Interview: The Cab's Alex DeLeon—"To me, we were always a pop band"".
Jump up ^ "The Cab".
Jump up ^ "The Cab: Pop-Punk Remains Great".
Jump up ^ Bracelin, Jason (26 September 2008). "The Show Must Go On". Las Vegas Review-Journal. Stephens Media. Retrieved 3 June 2012. ...lending the band's songs a bit more groove than some of their pop punk peers.
Jump up ^ Davey Boy (29 August 2011). "The Cab – Symphony Soldier". Sputnikmusic. Retrieved 3 June 2012. ...whether it be their pop-punk leaning debut EP...
Jump up ^ "The Cab: Pop-Punk Remains Great".
^ Jump up to: a b Garland, Emma (2009-08-20). "ATP! Album Review: The Cab - Lock Me Up EP". Alter The Press!. Retrieved 2014-06-27.
Jump up ^ Katherine Fulton (2017). "The Cab". AllMusic. Retrieved 14 April 2017. Las Vegas teens nab attention of Panic At The Disco, quickly become emo-pop princes.
Jump up ^ Davey Boy (29 August 2011). "The Cab – Symphony Soldier". Sputnikmusic. Retrieved 3 June 2012. Of the multitude of bands plying their trade in the safe, inoffensive and often derided genre of pop-rock (or power-pop if you are so inclined), only a handful truly make a successful profession out of it.
Jump up ^ "Pop-R&B Musician ALEX MARSHALL Opens Up About Life After The Cab, His Debut Single and Touring With Justin Timberlake and His Team!". music.allaccess. Retrieved April 22, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official site
[hide]
v
t
e
The Cab
Alexander DeLeon
Dave Briggs
Chantry 'Chance' Johnson
Joey Thunder
Paul Garcia
Ian Crawford
Cash Colligan
Bryan Dawson
Alex Johnson
Studio albums
Whisper War
Symphony Soldier
Bloody Roses
EPs
Drunk Love
Glitz and Glamour
The Lady Luck EP
Lock Me Up
Compilation albums
Welcome to the New Administration
Punk Goes Pop 2
Other
Discography
Hey Monday
Fall Out Boy
Panic! at the Disco
Authority control
MusicBrainz: 91f7a868-d82e-4cfb-9cd9-a2ffd7faac25
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Cab&oldid=800803163"
Categories:
Rock music groups from Nevada
Musical groups established in 2004
Fueled by Ramen artists
Decaydance Records artists
Crush Management artists
Hidden categories:
Articles with hCards
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Deutsch
Eesti
Español
Français
한국어
Italiano
日本語
Português
Suomi
Edit links
This page was last edited on 15 September 2017, at 19:28.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

values: Edit section: 2004–2007: Formation and early years

values:
/wiki/There_For_Tomorrow
mw-redirect
There For Tomorrow

values:
/wiki/Charlotte_Sometimes_(musician)
mw-redirect
Charlotte Sometimes (musician)

values:
/wiki/Plain_White_Tees
mw-redirect
Plain White Tees

values:
/wiki/Punk_Goes_Pop_2
mw-redirect
Punk Goes Pop 2

values: Edit section: 2009–2012: Symphony Soldier and lineup changes

values:
/wiki/Warped_Tour_2010
mw-redirect
Warped Tour 2010

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Forever_The_Sickest_Kids
mw-redirect
Forever The Sickest Kids

values:
/wiki/Overexposed_World_Tour
mw-redirect
Overexposed World Tour

values: Edit section: 2012–present: Third studio album and Lock Me Up

values:
/wiki/Universal_Republic
mw-redirect
Universal Republic

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.thecabrock.com/store

values:
nofollow
external text
http://thecabrock.com/store

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmusic.com/artist/p915363

values:
nofollow
external text
http://altpress.com/news/2059.htm

values:
/wiki/Quinnipiac_Chronicle
mw-redirect
Quinnipiac Chronicle

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmusic.com/album/r1346467

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.lvrj.com/neon/15661332.html

values:
/wiki/Stephens_Media
mw-redirect
Stephens Media

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
The_Cab
fn org
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
/wiki/Alex_DeLeon
mw-redirect
Alex DeLeon

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

values:
/wiki/Studio_album
mw-redirect
Studio album

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

values: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Musical groups established in 2004

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2015

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/The_Cab
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
/w/index.php?title=The_Cab&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – Estonian
et
et
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Cab
The Cab – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-The_Cab rootpage-The_Cab vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Angular cheilitis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Angular cheilitis
Synonyms
Rhagades,[1] perlèche,[2] cheilosis,[2] angular cheilosis,[2] commissural cheilitis,[2] angular stomatitis[2]
Bilateral angular cheilitis in an elderly individual with false teeth, iron deficiency anemia and dry mouth
Pronunciation
/kaɪˈlaɪtɪs/
Specialty
Dermatology
Symptoms
Redness, skin breakdown and crusting at the corner of the mouth[2]
Usual onset
Children, 30s to 60s[2]
Duration
Days to years[2]
Causes
Infection, irritation, allergies[2]
Treatment
Based on cause, barrier cream[2]
Frequency
0.7% of the population[3]
Angular cheilitis (AC), is inflammation of one or both corners of the mouth.[4][5] Often the corners are red with skin breakdown and crusting.[2] It can also be itchy or painful.[2] The condition can last for days to years.[2] Angular cheilitis is a type of cheilitis (inflammation of the lips).[6]
Angular cheilitis can be caused by infection, irritation, or allergies.[2] Infections include by fungi such as Candida albicans and bacteria such as Staph. aureus.[2] Irritants include poorly fitting dentures, licking the lips or drooling, mouth breathing resulting in a dry mouth, sun exposure, overclosure of the mouth, smoking, and minor trauma.[2] Allergies may include substances like toothpaste, makeup, and food.[2] Often a number of factors are involved.[2] Other factors may include poor nutrition or poor immune function.[2][5] Diagnosis may be helped by testing for infections and patch testing for allergies.[2]
Treatment for angular cheilitis is typically based on the underlying causes along with the use of a barrier cream.[2] Frequently an antifungal and antibacterial cream is also tried.[2] Angular cheilitis is a fairly common problem,[2] with estimates that it affects 0.7% of the population.[3] It occurs most often in the 30s to 60s, although is also relatively common in children.[2] In the developing world, iron and vitamin deficiencies are a common cause.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Signs and symptoms
2 Causes
2.1 Infection
2.2 Irritation contact dermatitis
2.3 Nutritional deficiencies
2.4 Systemic disorders
2.5 Drugs
2.6 Allergic contact dermatitis
3 Diagnosis
3.1 Classification
4 Management
5 Prognosis
6 Epidemiology
7 References
8 External links
Signs and symptoms[edit]
Angular cheilitis – a fissure running in the corner of the mouth with reddened, irritated facial skin adjacent.
A fairly mild case of angular cheilitis extending onto the facial skin in a young person (affected area is within the black oval).
Angular cheilitis is a fairly non specific term which describes the presence of an inflammatory lesion in a particular anatomic site (i.e. the corner of the mouth). As there are different possible causes and contributing factors from one person to the next, the appearance of the lesion is somewhat variable. The lesions are more commonly symmetrically present on both sides of the mouth,[4] but sometimes only one side may be affected. In some cases, the lesion may be confined to the mucosa of the lips, and in other cases the lesion may extend past the vermilion border (the edge where the lining on the lips becomes the skin on the face) onto the facial skin. Initially, the corners of the mouth develop a gray-white thickening and adjacent erythema (redness).[2] Later, the usual appearance is a roughly triangular area of erythema, edema (swelling) and breakdown of skin at either corner of the mouth.[2][4] The mucosa of the lip may become fissured (cracked), crusted, ulcerated or atrophied.[2][4] There is not usually any bleeding.[7] Where the skin is involved, there may be radiating rhagades (linear fissures) from the corner of the mouth. Infrequently, the dermatitis (which may resemble eczema) can extend from the corner of the mouth to the skin of the cheek or chin.[4] If Staphylococcus aureus is involved, the lesion may show golden yellow crusts.[8] In chronic angular cheilitis, there may be suppuration (pus formation), exfoliation (scaling) and formation of granulation tissue.[2][4]
Sometimes contributing factors can be readily seen, such as loss of lower face height from poorly made or worn dentures, which results in mandibular overclosure ("collapse of jaws").[9] If there is a nutritional deficiency underlying the condition, various other signs and symptoms such as glossitis (swollen tongue) may be present. In people with angular cheilitis who wear dentures, often there may be erythematous mucosa underneath the denture (normally the upper denture), an appearance consistent with denture-related stomatitis.[4] Typically the lesions give symptoms of soreness, pain, pruritus (itching) or burning or a raw feeling.[2][9]
Causes[edit]
Angular cheilitis is thought to be multifactorial disorder of infectious origin,[10] with many local and systemic predisposing factors.[11] The sores in angular cheilitis are often infected with fungi (yeasts), bacteria, or a combination thereof;[8] this may represent a secondary, opportunistic infection by these pathogens. Some studies have linked the initial onset of angular cheilitis with nutritional deficiencies, especially of the B(B2-riboflavin) vitamins and iron (which causes iron deficiency anemia),[12] which in turn may be evidence of malnutrition or malabsorption. Angular cheilitis can be a manifestation of contact dermatitis,[13] which is considered in two groups; irritational and allergic.
Infection[edit]
The involved organisms are:
Candida species alone (usually Candida albicans), which accounts for about 20% of cases,[14]
Bacterial species, either:
Staphylococcus aureus alone, which accounts for about 20% of cases,[14]
β-hemolytic streptococci alone. These types of bacteria have been detected in between 8–15% of cases of angular cheilitis,[2] but less commonly are they present in isolation,[10]
Or a combination of the above organisms, (a polymicrobial infection)[8] with about 60% of cases involving both C. albicans and S. aureus.[14][15]
Candida can be detected in 93% of angular cheilitis lesions.[2] This organism is found in the mouths of about 40% of healthy individuals, and it is considered by some to be normal commensal component of the oral microbiota.[2] However, Candida shows dimorphism, namely a yeast form which is thought to be relatively harmless and a pathogenic hyphal form which is associated with invasion of host tissues. Potassium hydroxide preparation is recommended by some to help distinguish between the harmless and the pathogenic forms, and thereby highlight which cases of angular cheilitis are truly caused by Candida.[2] The mouth may act as a reservoir of Candida that reinfects the sores at the corners of the mouth and prevents the sores from healing.
A lesion caused by recurrence of a latent herpes simplex infection can occur in the corner of the mouth. This is herpes labialis (a cold sore), and is sometimes termed "angular herpes simplex".[2] A cold sore at the corner of the mouth behaves similarly to elsewhere on the lips, and follows a pattern of vesicle (blister) formation followed by rupture leaving a crusted sore which resolves in about 7–10 days, and recurs in the same spot periodically, especially during periods of stress. Rather than utilizing antifungal creams, angular herpes simplex is treated in the same way as a cold sore, with topical antiviral drugs such as aciclovir.
Irritation contact dermatitis[edit]
A famous sketch by Leonardo da Vinci in preparation to depict the face of Judas Iscariot in The Last supper. The subject shows overclosure of the jaws and loss of facial support around the mouth.
Pronounced skin folds extending from the corner of the mouth.
Main article: Irritant contact dermatitis
22% of cases of angular cheilitis are due to irritants.[2] Saliva contains digestive enzymes, which may have a degree of digestive action on tissues if they are left in contact.[2] The corner of the mouth is normally exposed to saliva more than any other part of the lips. Reduced lower facial height (vertical dimension or facial support) is usually caused by edentulism (tooth loss), or wearing worn down, old dentures or ones which are not designed optimally. This results in overclosure of the mandible (collapse of the jaws),[9] which extenuates the angular skin folds at the corners of the mouth,[14] in effect creating an intertriginous skin crease. The tendency of saliva to pool in these areas is increased, constantly wetting the area,[10] which may cause tissue maceration and favors the development of a yeast infection.[14] As such, angular cheilitis is more commonly seen in edentulous people (people without any teeth).[9] It is by contrast uncommon in persons who retain their natural teeth.[16] Angular cheilitis is also commonly seen in denture wearers.[13] Angular cheilitis is present in about 30% of people with denture-related stomatitis.[10] It is thought that reduced vertical dimension of the lower face may be a contributing factor in up to 11% of elderly persons with angular cheilitis and in up to 18% of denture wearers who have angular cheilitis.[2] Reduced vertical dimension can also be caused by tooth migration, wearing orthodontic appliances, and elastic tissue damage caused by ultraviolet light exposure and smoking.[2]
Habits or conditions that keep the corners of the mouth moist might include chronic lip licking, thumb sucking (or sucking on other objects such as pens, pipes, lollipops), dental cleaning (e.g. flossing), chewing gum, hypersalivation, drooling and mouth breathing.[2][4][14] Some consider habitual lip licking or picking to be a form of nervous tic, and do not consider this to be true angular cheilitis,[4] instead calling it perlèche (derived from the French word pourlècher meaning "to lick one’s lips"),[2] or "factitious cheilitis" is applied to this habit.[2] The term "cheilocandidiasis" describes exfoliative (flaking) lesions of the lips and the skin around the lips, and is caused by a superficial candidal infection due to chronic lip licking.[14] Less severe cases occur during cold, dry weather, and is a form of chapped lips. Individuals may lick their lips in an attempt to provide a temporary moment of relief, only serving to worsen the condition.[17]
The sunscreen in some types of lip balm degrades over time into an irritant. Using expired lipbalm can initiate mild angular cheilitis, and when the person applies more lipbalm to alleviate the cracking, it only aggravates it. Because of the delayed onset of contact dermatitis and the recovery period lasting days to weeks, people typically do not make the connection between the causative agent and the symptoms.[medical citation needed]
Nutritional deficiencies[edit]
Several different nutritional deficiency states of vitamins or minerals have been linked to AC.[5] It is thought that in about 25% of people with AC, iron deficiency or deficiency of B vitamins are involved.[5] Nutritional deficiencies may be a more common cause of AC in Third World countries.[5] Chronic iron deficiency may also cause koilonychia (spoon shaped deformity of the fingernails) and glossitis (inflammation of the tongue). It is not completely understood how iron deficiency causes AC, but it is known that it causes a degree of immunocompromise (decreased efficiency of the immune system) which may in turn allow an opportunistic infection of candida.[5] Vitamin B2 deficiency (ariboflavinosis) may also cause AC, and other conditions such as redness of mucous membranes, magenta colored glossitis (pink inflammation of the tongue).[5] Vitamin B5 deficiency may also cause AC, along with glossitis, and skin changes similar to seborrhoeic dermatitis around the eyes, nose and mouth.[5] Vitamin B12 deficiency is sometimes responsible for AC, and commonly occurs together with folate deficiency (a lack of folic acid), which also causes glossitis and megaloblastic anemia.[5] Vitamin B3 deficiency (pellagra) is another possible cause, and in which other association conditions such as dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia and glossitis can occur.[5] Biotin (vitamin B7) deficiency has also been reported to cause AC, along with hair loss (alopecia) and dry eyes.[5] Zinc deficiency is known to cause AC.[18] Other symptoms may include diarrhea, alopecia and dermatitis.[5] Acrodermatitis enteropathica is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder causing impaired absorption of zinc, and is associated with AC.[5]
In general, these nutritional disorders may be caused by malnutrition, such as may occur in alcoholism or in poorly considered diets, or by malabsorption secondary to gastrointestinal disorders (e.g. Coeliac disease or chronic pancreatitis) or gastrointestinal surgeries (e.g. pernicious anemia caused by ileal resection in Crohn's disease).[5]
Systemic disorders[edit]
Some systemic disorders are involved in angular cheilitis by virtue of their association with malabsorption and the creation of nutritional deficiencies described above. Such examples include people with anorexia nervosa.[5] Other disorders may cause lip enlargement (e.g. orofacial granulomatosis),[5] which alters the local anatomy and extenuates the skin folds at the corners of the mouth. More still may be involved because they affect the immune system, allowing normally harmless organisms like Candida to become pathogenic and cause an infection. Xerostomia (dry mouth) is thought to account for about 5% of cases of AC.[5] Xerostomia itself has many possible causes, but commonly the cause may be side effects of medications, or conditions such as Sjögren's syndrome. Conversely, conditions which cause drooling or sialorrhoea (excessive salivation) can cause angular cheilitis by creating a constant wet environment in the corners of the mouth. About 25% of people with Down syndrome appear to have AC.[5] This is due to relative macroglossia, an apparently large tongue in a small mouth, which may constantly stick out of the mouth causing maceration of the corners of the mouth with saliva. Inflammatory bowel diseases (such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis) can be associated with angular cheilitis.[4] In Crohn's, it is likely the result of malabsorption and immunosuppressive therapy which gives rise to the sores at the corner of the mouth.[9] Glucagonomas are rare pancreatic endocrine tumors which secrete glucagon, and cause a syndrome of dermatitis, glucose intolerance, weight loss and anemia. AC is a common feature of glucagonoma syndrome.[19] Infrequently, angular cheilitis may be one of the manifestations of chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis,[14] and sometimes cases of oropharyngeal or esophageal candidiasis may accompany angular cheilitis.[2] Angular cheilitis may be present in human immunodeficiency virus infection,[11] neutropenia,[16] or diabetes.[4] Angular cheilitis is more common in people with eczema because their skin is more sensitive to irritants.[2] Other conditions possibly associated include plasma cell gingivitis,[7] Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome,[5] or sideropenic dysphagia (also called Plummer-Vinson syndrome or Paterson-Brown-Kelly syndrome).[5]
Drugs[edit]
Several drugs may cause AC as a side effect, by various mechanisms, such as creating drug-induced xerostomia. Various examples include isotretinoin, indinavir, and sorafenib.[5] Isotretinoin (Accutane), an analog of vitamin A, is a medication which dries the skin. Less commonly, angular cheilitis is associated with primary hypervitaminosis A,[20] which can occur when large amounts of liver (including cod liver oil and other fish oils) are regularly consumed or as a result from an excess intake of vitamin A in the form of vitamin supplements. Recreational drug users may develop AC. Examples include cocaine, methamphetamines, heroin, and hallucinogens.[5]
Allergic contact dermatitis[edit]
See also: Allergic contact cheilitis, Allergic contact dermatitis, and Allergic contact stomatitis
Patch test
Allergic reactions may account for about 25–34% of cases of generalized cheilitis (i.e., inflammation not confined to the angles of the mouth). It is unknown how frequently allergic reactions are responsible for cases of angular cheilitis, but any substance capable of causing generalized allergic cheilitis may present involving the corners of the mouth alone.
Examples of potential allergens include substances that may be present in some types of lipstick, toothpaste, acne products, cosmetics, chewing gum, mouthwash, foods, dental appliances, and materials from dentures or mercury containing amalgam fillings.[2] It is usually impossible to tell the difference between irritant contact dermatitis and allergic contact dermatitis without a patch test.
Diagnosis[edit]
Photographic Comparison of: 1) a Canker Sore - inside the mouth, 2) Herpes, 3) Angular Cheilitis and 4) Chapped Lips.
Angular chielitis is normally a diagnosis made clinically. If the sore is unilateral, rather than bilateral, this suggests a local factor (e.g., trauma) or a split syphilitic papule.[4][21] Angular cheilitis caused by mandibular overclosure, drooling, and other irritants is usually bilateral.[2]
The lesions are normally swabbed to detect if Candida or pathogenic bacterial species may be present. Persons with angular cheilitis who wear dentures often also will have their denture swabbed in addition. A complete blood count (full blood count) may be indicated, including assessment of the levels of iron, ferritin, vitamin B12 (and possibly other B vitamins), and folate.[4]
Classification[edit]
Angular cheilitis could be considered to be a type of cheilitis or stomatitis. Where Candida species are involved, angular cheilitis is classed as a type of oral candidiasis, specifically a primary (group I) Candida-associated lesion.[11] This form angular cheilitis which is caused by Candida is sometimes termed "Candida-associated angular cheilitis",[11] or less commonly, "monilial perlèche".[2] Angular cheilitis can also be classified as acute (sudden, short-lived appearance of the condition) or chronic (lasts a long time or keeps returning), or refractory (the condition persists despite attempts to treat it).[2]
Management[edit]
Angular cheilitis being treated with crystal violet tincture
There are 4 aspects to the treatment of angular cheilitis.[22] Firstly, potential reservoirs of infection inside the mouth are identified and treated.[22] Oral candidiasis, especially denture-related stomatitis is often found to be present where there is angular cheilitis, and if it is not treated, the sores at the corners of the mouth may often recur.[8][13] This involves having dentures properly fitted and disinfected. Commercial preparations are marketed for this purpose, although dentures may be left in dilute (1:10 concentration) household bleach overnight, but only if they are entirely plastic and do not contain any metal parts, and with rinsing under clean water before use.[9] Improved denture hygiene is often required thereafter, including not wearing the denture during sleep and cleaning it daily.[4] For more information, see Denture-related stomatitis.
Secondly, there may be a need to increase the vertical dimension of the lower face to prevent overclosure of the mouth and formation of deep skin folds.[22] This may require the construction of a new denture with an adjusted bite.[4] Rarely, in cases resistant to normal treatments, surgical procedures such as collagen injections (or other facial fillers such as autologous fat or crosslinked hyaluronic acid) are used in an attempt to restore the normal facial contour.[2][4] Other measures which seek to reverse the local factors that may be contributing to the condition include improving oral hygiene, stopping smoking or other tobacco habits and use of a barrier cream (e.g. zinc oxide paste) at night.[2]
Thirdly, treatment of the infection and inflammation of the lesions themselves is addressed. This is usually with topical antifungal medication,[8] such as clotrimazole,[14] amphotericin B,[22] ketoconazole,[16] or nystatin cream.[9] Some antifungal creams are combined with corticosteroids such as hydrocortisone[8] or triamcinolone[9] to reduce inflammation, and certain antifungals such as miconazole also have some antibacterial action.[8] Diiodohydroxyquinoline is another topical therapy for angular cheilitis.[14] If Staphylococcus aureus infection is demonstrated by microbiological culture to be responsible (or suspected), the treatment may be changed to fusidic acid cream,[8] an antibiotic which is effective against this type of bacteria. Aside from fusidic acid, neomycin,[22] mupirocin,[2] metronidazole,[7] and chlorhexidine[22] are alternative options in this scenario.
Finally, if the condition appears resistant to treatment, investigations for underlying causes such as anemia or nutrient deficiencies or HIV infection.[22] Identification of the underlying cause is essential for treating chronic cases. The lesions may resolve when the underlying disease is treated, e.g. with a course of oral iron or B vitamin supplements.[4] Patch testing is recommended by some in cases which are resistant to treatment and where allergic contact dermatitis is suspected.[2]
Prognosis[edit]
Most cases of angular cheilitis respond quickly when antifungal treatment is used.[16] In more long standing cases, the severity of the condition often follows a relapsing and remitting course over time.[14] The condition can be difficult to treat and can be prolonged.[4]
Epidemiology[edit]
AC is a relatively common condition,[11] accounting for between 0.7 – 3.8% of oral mucosal lesions in adults and between 0.2 – 15.1% in children, though overall it occurs most commonly in adults in the third to sixth decades of life.[2][4] It occurs worldwide, and both males and females are affected.[4] Angular cheilitis is the most common presentation of fungal and bacterial infections of the lips.[14]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Pindborg, Jens Jørgen (1973). Atlas of Diseases of the Oral Mucosa. Saunders. ISBN 9780721672649. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2014. Angular cheilosis: The lateral lip fissures, well known among denture wearers, have been called by a variety of names, such as "rhagades", "perleche", "angular cheilitis", and "angular cheilosis".
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az Park, KK; Brodell, RT; Helms, SE (June 2011). "Angular cheilitis, part 1: local etiologies". Cutis. 87 (6): 289–95. PMID 21838086.
^ Jump up to: a b Lyons, Faye (2014). Dermatology for the Advanced Practice Nurse. Springer Publishing Company. p. 95. ISBN 9780826136442. Archived from the original on 2016-08-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Scully, Crispian (2008). Oral and maxillofacial medicine : the basis of diagnosis and treatment (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone. pp. 147–49. ISBN 9780443068188.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w Park, KK; Brodell RT; Helms SE. (July 2011). "Angular cheilitis, part 2: nutritional, systemic, and drug-related causes and treatment" (PDF). Cutis. 88 (1): 27–32. PMID 21877503. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2014-04-19.
Jump up ^ Martin, Elizabeth (2015). Concise Medical Dictionary. Oxford University Press. p. 136. ISBN 9780199687817. Archived from the original on 2016-08-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c Wood, NK; Goaz, PW (1997). Differential diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial lesions (5th ed.). St. Louis [u.a.]: Mosby. pp. 64–65, 85. ISBN 978-0815194323.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Coulthard P, Horner K, Sloan P, Theaker E (2008). Master dentistry volume 1, oral and maxillofacial surgery, radiology, pathology and oral medicine (2nd ed.). Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone/Elsevier. pp. 180–81. ISBN 9780443068966.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Treister NS, Bruch JM (2010). Clinical oral medicine and pathology. New York: Humana Press. pp. 92–93, 144. ISBN 978-1-60327-519-4.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Soames JV, Southam JC, JV (1999). Oral pathology (3rd ed.). Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press. pp. 197–98. ISBN 0192628941.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Tyldesley WR, Field A, Longman L (2003). Tyldesley's Oral medicine (5th ed.). Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 37, 40, 46, 63–67. ISBN 0192631470.
Jump up ^ MedlinePlus (2005-08-01). "Riboflavin (vitamin B2) deficiency (ariboflavinosis)". National Institutes of Health. Archived from the original on 2010-07-24.
^ Jump up to: a b c Peter C. Schalock, M.D.; Jeffrey T. S. Hsu, M.D.; Kenneth A. Arndt (eds.). Primary Care Dermatology. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2010. p. 265. ISBN 978-0-7817-9378-0. Archived from the original on 2017-09-10.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Neville BW, Damm DD, Allen CA, Bouquot JE (2002). Oral & maxillofacial pathology (2nd ed.). Philadelphia: W.B. Saunders. pp. 100, 192, 196, 266. ISBN 0721690033.
Jump up ^ Kerawala C; Newlands C, eds. (2010). Oral and maxillofacial surgery. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 446. ISBN 9780199204830.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Greenberg MS, Glick M (2003). Burket's oral medicine diagnosis & treatment (10th ed.). Hamilton, Ont.: BC Decker. pp. 97–98, 550. ISBN 1550091867.
Jump up ^ Gibson, Lawrence E., M.D., "Dry Skin" Archived 2009-09-15 at the Wayback Machine., Mayo Clinic
Jump up ^ Gaveau D, Piette F, Cortot A, Dumur V, Bergoend H (1987). "[Cutaneous manifestations of zinc deficiency in ethylic cirrhosis]". Ann Dermatol Venereol. 114 (1): 39–53. PMID 3579131.
Jump up ^ Tadataka Yamada; David Alpers; Anthony Kalloo; Neil Kaplowitz; Chung Owyang; Don Powell, eds. (2009). Textbook of gastroenterology (5th ed.). Chichester, West Sussex: Blackwell Pub. pp. 1882–83. ISBN 978-1-4051-6911-0.
Jump up ^ Kliegman: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics, 18th ed.
Jump up ^ Leyse-Wallace, Ruth (29 January 2013). Nutrition and Mental Health. CRC Press. p. 246. ISBN 9781439863350. Archived from the original on 10 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Samaranayake, LP (2009). Essential microbiology for dentistry (3rd ed.). Elseveier. pp. 296–97. ISBN 978-0702041679.
External links[edit]
Classification
V · T · D
ICD-10: K13.0
ICD-9-CM: 528.5, 686.8
MeSH: D002613

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Angular cheilitis.
[show]
v
t
e
Oral and maxillofacial pathology (K00–K06, K11–K14, 520–525, 527–529)
[show]
Lips
Cheilitis
Actinic
Angular
Plasma cell
Cleft lip
Congenital lip pit
Eclabium
Herpes labialis
Macrocheilia
Microcheilia
Nasolabial cyst
Sun poisoning
Trumpeter's wart
[show]
Tongue
Ankyloglossia
Black hairy tongue
Caviar tongue
Crenated tongue
Cunnilingus tongue
Fissured tongue
Foliate papillitis
Glossitis
Geographic tongue
Median rhomboid glossitis
Transient lingual papillitis
Glossoptosis
Hypoglossia
Lingual thyroid
Macroglossia
Microglossia
Rhabdomyoma
[show]
Palate
Bednar's aphthae
Cleft palate
High-arched palate
Palatal cysts of the newborn
Inflammatory papillary hyperplasia
Stomatitis nicotina
Torus palatinus
[show]
Oral mucosa – Lining of mouth
Amalgam tattoo
Angina bullosa haemorrhagica
Behçet's disease
Bohn's nodules
Burning mouth syndrome
Candidiasis
Condyloma acuminatum
Darier's disease
Epulis fissuratum
Erythema multiforme
Erythroplakia
Fibroma
Giant-cell
Focal epithelial hyperplasia
Fordyce spots
Hairy leukoplakia
Hand, foot and mouth disease
Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis
Herpangina
Herpes zoster
Intraoral dental sinus
Leukoedema
Leukoplakia
Lichen planus
Linea alba
Lupus erythematosus
Melanocytic nevus
Melanocytic oral lesion
Molluscum contagiosum
Morsicatio buccarum
Oral cancer
Benign: Squamous cell papilloma
Keratoacanthoma
Malignant: Adenosquamous carcinoma
Basaloid squamous carcinoma
Mucosal melanoma
Spindle cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Verrucous carcinoma
Oral florid papillomatosis
Oral melanosis
Smoker's melanosis
Pemphigoid
Benign mucous membrane
Pemphigus
Plasmoacanthoma
Stomatitis
Aphthous
Denture-related
Herpetic
Smokeless tobacco keratosis
Submucous fibrosis
Ulceration
Riga–Fede disease
Verruca vulgaris
Verruciform xanthoma
White sponge nevus
[show]
Teeth (pulp, dentin, enamel)
Amelogenesis imperfecta
Ankylosis
Anodontia
Caries
Early childhood caries
Concrescence
Failure of eruption of teeth
Dens evaginatus
Talon cusp
Dentin dysplasia
Dentin hypersensitivity
Dentinogenesis imperfecta
Dilaceration
Discoloration
Ectopic enamel
Enamel hypocalcification
Enamel hypoplasia
Turner's hypoplasia
Enamel pearl
Fluorosis
Fusion
Gemination
Hyperdontia
Hypodontia
Maxillary lateral incisor agenesis
Impaction
Wisdom tooth impaction
Macrodontia
Meth mouth
Microdontia
Odontogenic tumors
Keratocystic odontogenic tumour
Odontoma
Dens in dente
Open contact
Premature eruption
Neonatal teeth
Pulp calcification
Pulp stone
Pulp canal obliteration
Pulp necrosis
Pulp polyp
Pulpitis
Regional odontodysplasia
Resorption
Shovel-shaped incisors
Supernumerary root
Taurodontism
Trauma
Avulsion
Cracked tooth syndrome
Vertical root fracture
Occlusal
Tooth loss
Edentulism
Tooth wear
Abrasion
Abfraction
Acid erosion
Attrition
[show]
Periodontium (gingiva, periodontal ligament, cementum, alveolus) – Gums and tooth-supporting structures
Cementicle
Cementoblastoma
Gigantiform
Cementoma
Eruption cyst
Epulis
Pyogenic granuloma
Congenital epulis
Gingival enlargement
Gingival cyst of the adult
Gingival cyst of the newborn
Gingivitis
Desquamative
Granulomatous
Plasma cell
Hereditary gingival fibromatosis
Hypercementosis
Hypocementosis
Linear gingival erythema
Necrotizing periodontal diseases
Acute necrotizing ulcerative gingivitis
Pericoronitis
Peri-implantitis
Periodontal abscess
Periodontal trauma
Periodontitis
Aggressive
As a manifestation of systemic disease
Chronic
Perio-endo lesion
Teething
[show]
Periapical, mandibular and maxillary hard tissues – Bones of jaws
Agnathia
Alveolar osteitis
Buccal exostosis
Cherubism
Idiopathic osteosclerosis
Mandibular fracture
Microgenia
Micrognathia
Intraosseous cysts
Odontogenic: periapical
Dentigerous
Buccal bifurcation
Lateral periodontal
Globulomaxillary
Calcifying odontogenic
Glandular odontogenic
Non-odontogenic: Nasopalatine duct
Median mandibular
Median palatal
Traumatic bone
Osteoma
Osteomyelitis
Osteonecrosis
Bisphosphonate-associated
Neuralgia-inducing cavitational osteonecrosis
Osteoradionecrosis
Osteoporotic bone marrow defect
Paget's disease of bone
Periapical abscess
Phoenix abscess
Periapical periodontitis
Stafne defect
Torus mandibularis
[show]
Temporomandibular joints, muscles of mastication and malocclusions – Jaw joints, chewing muscles and bite abnormalities
Bruxism
Condylar resorption
Mandibular dislocation
Malocclusion
Crossbite
Open bite
Overbite
Overeruption
Overjet
Prognathia
Retrognathia
Scissor bite
Maxillary hypoplasia
Temporomandibular joint dysfunction
[show]
Salivary glands
Benign lymphoepithelial lesion
Ectopic salivary gland tissue
Frey's syndrome
HIV salivary gland disease
Necrotizing sialometaplasia
Mucocele
Ranula
Pneumoparotitis
Salivary duct stricture
Salivary gland aplasia
Salivary gland atresia
Salivary gland diverticulum
Salivary gland fistula
Salivary gland hyperplasia
Salivary gland hypoplasia
Salivary gland neoplasms
Benign: Basal cell adenoma
Canalicular adenoma
Ductal papilloma
Monomorphic adenoma
Myoepithelioma
Oncocytoma
Papillary cystadenoma lymphomatosum
Pleomorphic adenoma
Sebaceous adenoma
Malignant: Acinic cell carcinoma
Adenocarcinoma
Adenoid cystic carcinoma
Carcinoma ex pleomorphic adenoma
Lymphoma
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma
Sclerosing polycystic adenosis
Sialadenitis
Parotitis
Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis
Sialectasis
Sialocele
Sialodochitis
Sialosis
Sialolithiasis
Sjögren's syndrome
[show]
Orofacial soft tissues – Soft tissues around the mouth
Actinomycosis
Angioedema
Basal cell carcinoma
Cutaneous sinus of dental origin
Cystic hygroma
Gnathophyma
Ludwig's angina
Macrostomia
Melkersson–Rosenthal syndrome
Microstomia
Noma
Oral Crohn's disease
Orofacial granulomatosis
Perioral dermatitis
Pyostomatitis vegetans
[show]
Other
Eagle syndrome
Hemifacial hypertrophy
Facial hemiatrophy
Oral manifestations of systemic disease
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Angular_cheilitis&oldid=827492133"
Categories:
Lip disorders
Conditions of the mucous membranes
Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Infobox medical condition (new)
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from July 2013
RTT
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Deutsch
Ελληνικά
Español
Français
Italiano
Nederlands
日本語
ଓଡ଼ିଆ
Polski
Português
Русский
Slovenščina
Svenska
Українська
中文
7 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 25 February 2018, at 01:03.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: sup

values:
/wiki/Staph._aureus
mw-redirect
Staph. aureus

values:
/wiki/Patch_testing
mw-redirect
Patch testing

values:
/wiki/Antifungal_cream
mw-redirect
Antifungal cream

values:
/wiki/Antibacterial_cream
mw-redirect
Antibacterial cream

values:
/wiki/Developing_world
mw-redirect
Developing world

values:
/wiki/Vitamin_deficiencies
mw-redirect
Vitamin deficiencies

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Secondary_infection
mw-redirect
Secondary infection

values:
/wiki/Iron_deficiency_anemia
mw-redirect
Iron deficiency anemia

values:
/wiki/Candida_(genus)
mw-redirect
Candida (genus)

values:
/wiki/Skin_microbiota
mw-redirect
Skin microbiota

values: Edit section: Irritation contact dermatitis

values:
/wiki/Ultraviolet_light
mw-redirect
Ultraviolet light

values:
/wiki/Chapped_lips
mw-redirect
Chapped lips

values: Material near this tag needs references to reliable medical sources. (July 2013)

values: Wikipedia:Identifying reliable sources (medicine)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Sj%C3%B6gren%27s_syndrome
mw-redirect
Sjögren's syndrome

values:
/wiki/Endocrine_tumor
mw-redirect
Endocrine tumor

values:
/wiki/Melkersson-Rosenthal_syndrome
mw-redirect
Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome

values:
/wiki/Sideropenic_dysphagia
mw-redirect
Sideropenic dysphagia

values: Edit section: Allergic contact dermatitis

values:
/wiki/Allergic_contact_cheilitis
mw-redirect
Allergic contact cheilitis

values:
/wiki/Allergic_contact_stomatitis
mw-redirect
Allergic contact stomatitis

values:
/wiki/Canker_Sore
mw-redirect
Canker Sore

values:
/wiki/Refractory_disease
mw-redirect
Refractory disease

values:
/wiki/Antifungal_medication
mw-redirect
Antifungal medication

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21838086

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21877503

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3579131

values: International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems

values: width:22em;width:100%; margin:0 0 0.5em 0;

values: ICD-10 Chapter XI: Diseases of the digestive system

values: List of ICD-9 codes 520–579: diseases of the digestive system

values:
/wiki/Sun_poisoning
mw-redirect
Sun poisoning

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-subgroup

values:
/wiki/Cunnilingus_tongue
mw-redirect
Cunnilingus tongue

values:
/wiki/Foliate_papillitis
mw-redirect
Foliate papillitis

values:
/wiki/Cleft_palate
mw-redirect
Cleft palate

values:
/wiki/Palatal_cysts_of_the_newborn
mw-redirect
Palatal cysts of the newborn

values:
/wiki/Bohn%27s_nodules
mw-redirect
Bohn's nodules

values:
/wiki/Condyloma_acuminatum
mw-redirect
Condyloma acuminatum

values:
/wiki/Focal_epithelial_hyperplasia
mw-redirect
Focal epithelial hyperplasia

values:
/wiki/Hand,_foot_and_mouth_disease
mw-redirect
Hand, foot and mouth disease

values: Hereditary benign intraepithelial dyskeratosis

values:
/wiki/Herpes_zoster
mw-redirect
Herpes zoster

values:
/wiki/Basaloid_squamous_carcinoma
mw-redirect
Basaloid squamous carcinoma

values:
/wiki/Benign_mucous_membrane_pemphigoid
mw-redirect
Benign mucous membrane pemphigoid

values:
/wiki/Verruca_vulgaris
mw-redirect
Verruca vulgaris

values:
/wiki/Dental_caries
mw-redirect
Dental caries

values:
/wiki/Turner%27s_hypoplasia
mw-redirect
Turner's hypoplasia

values: Premature eruption (page does not exist)

values: Pulp calcification (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Periodontal_pathology
mw-redirect
Periodontal pathology

values:
/wiki/Periodontal_ligament
mw-redirect
Periodontal ligament

values:
/wiki/Gingival_cyst_of_the_adult
mw-redirect
Gingival cyst of the adult

values:
/wiki/Gingival_cyst_of_the_newborn
mw-redirect
Gingival cyst of the newborn

values: Granulomatous gingivitis (page does not exist)

values: Periodontal trauma (page does not exist)

values: Periodontitis as a manifestation of systemic disease

values: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaw

values:
/wiki/Salivary_gland_disease
mw-redirect
Salivary gland disease

values:
/wiki/Salivary_gland_diverticulum
mw-redirect
Salivary gland diverticulum

values:
/wiki/Salivary_gland_neoplasm
mw-redirect
Salivary gland neoplasm

values:
/wiki/Monomorphic_adenoma
mw-redirect
Monomorphic adenoma

values:
/wiki/Basal_cell_carcinoma
mw-redirect
Basal cell carcinoma

values:
/wiki/Facial_hemiatrophy
mw-redirect
Facial hemiatrophy

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:Conditions of the mucous membranes

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:Infobox medical condition (new)

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2013

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Angular_cheilitis
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: التهاب الشفة الزاوي – Arabic

values: Γωνιακή χειλίτιδα – Greek

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-el
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: ଓଠକୋଣ ପ୍ରଦାହ – Odia

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-or
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Angular_cheilitis rootpage-Angular_cheilitis skin-vector action-view


text:
Dan Biggers
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Dan Biggers
Born
January 18, 1931
Newton County, Georgia
Died
December 5, 2011(2011-12-05) (aged 80)
Rome, Georgia
Daniel Upshaw "Dan" Biggers (January 18, 1931 – December 5, 2011) was an American college official and actor best known for his role as Frank "Doc" Robb on the television series In the Heat of the Night.
Contents
1 Life and career
1.1 Death
2 References
3 External links
Life and career[edit]
Biggers was born in Newton County, Georgia in 1931.[1] He was an English instructor at Toccoa High School in the late 1950s. In 1963 he became headmaster of Thornwood (Darlington Lower School) in Rome, Georgia.[2] Beginning in 1971, he was Dean of Students at Berry College. Before that, he was on the staff of the Dean of Men at the University of Georgia and escorted Charlayne Hunter (now a correspondent for PBS) to class when she integrated the University of Georgia in 1960.[2] From 1976 until his retirement in 1996, he was the director of Oak Hill and the Martha Berry Museum.[2] He was also on the board of directors of the Greater Rome Convention and Visitors Bureau for 13 years and helped develop the Northwest Georgia Travel Association. In 1983 he was awarded the Phoenix Award for conservation and preservation by the Society of American Travel Writers.[2]
Biggers' acting career began with the Rome Little Theatre, where he won several acting awards. His first television appearance was in Maid in America in 1962 and his last in Elizabethtown in 2005. His breakout role was in The Slugger's Wife in 1985. He played "Doc" Robb on In the Heat of the Night for eight years.[2] He was awarded a lifetime achievement award by the Rome International Film Festival and also by the Georgia Screen Actors Guild.[2]
Death[edit]
Biggers died in Rome, Georgia in the morning of December 5, 2011.[2][3]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Book of Memories for Daniel Biggers at Miller & Richards Funeral Home and Cremation Service Heritage Chapel". Millerandrichardsfh.frontrunnerpro.com. 1931-01-18. Archived from the original on 2012-04-26. Retrieved 2011-12-06.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Actor and director of Historic Berry, Dan Biggers has died," Archived 2012-04-30 at the Wayback Machine. Rome News-Tribune, December 6, 2011.
Jump up ^ Tony Potts, "Rome Actor, Dan Biggers, Dies," Archived 2012-01-09 at the Wayback Machine. Coosa Valley News, December 5, 2011.
External links[edit]
Dan Biggers on IMDb

This article about an American film and television actor is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
t
e
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dan_Biggers&oldid=853640496"
Categories:
1931 births
2011 deaths
People from Toccoa, Georgia
American male film actors
American male television actors
Male actors from Georgia (U.S. state)
People from Newton County, Georgia
American screen actor stubs
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Articles with hCards
All stub articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 6 August 2018, at 02:54 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: tbody

value: table

attrs: class style

value: b

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Rome_International_Film_Festival
mw-redirect
Rome International Film Festival

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0081787/
external text

values: position: absolute; right: 15px; display: none;

values:
metadata plainlinks stub
presentation
background:transparent

values: Category:American male television actors

values: Category:Male actors from Georgia (U.S. state)

values: Category:People from Newton County, Georgia

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Dan_Biggers
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Dan_Biggers rootpage-Dan_Biggers skin-vector action-view


text:
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style
2004 British DVD cover
Based on
Saved by the Bell
by Sam Bobrick
Written by
Sam Bobrick
Bennett Tramer
Directed by
Don Barnhart
Starring
Mark-Paul Gosselaar
Mario Lopez
Dustin Diamond
Elizabeth Berkley
Tiffani-Amber Thiessen
Lark Voorhies
Dennis Haskins
Theme music composer
Rich Eames
Scott Gale
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
Production
Producer(s)
Franco Bario
Cinematography
Donald A. Morgan
Editor(s)
Sheila Hall
Running time
92 mins.
Production company(s)
Peter Engel Productions
NBC Productions
Distributor
NBCUniversal Television Distribution
Release
Original network
NBC
Original release
November 27, 1992
Chronology
Followed by
Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style is a 1992 made-for-television comedy film based on the television series Saved by the Bell and featured the regular cast of that series.
Contents
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
3 DVD release
4 Reception
5 Nielsen ratings
6 References
7 External links
Synopsis[edit]
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style occurred during the continuity of the original series, during a summer holiday. In the movie, Kelly's grandfather, played by Dean Jones, invites the kids to stay at his hotel in Hawaii. However, someone else is out to buy his land and build a hotel/resort complex, and the group has to save it.
As would eventually be the case with Saved by the Bell: Wedding in Las Vegas, Hawaiian Style was presented as a two-hour movie on NBC, although when aired in syndication, it is commonly split into four regular length episodes, all featuring the song "Summertime" by DJ Jazzy Jeff & the Fresh Prince in the opening credits as opposed to the traditional Saved by the Bell theme.
Cast[edit]
Actor
Role
Mark-Paul Gosselaar Zack Morris
Mario Lopez A.C. Slater
Dustin Diamond Screech Powers
Elizabeth Berkley Jessie Spano
Tiffani-Amber Thiessen Kelly Kapowski
Lark Voorhies Lisa Turtle
Dennis Haskins Richard Belding
Rena Sofer Andrea Larson
Dan Gauthier Brian Hanson
Dean Jones Harry Bannister
Victor Brandt Charles Worthington
Biff Yeager Vincent Jensen
Blake Boyd Derek Worthington
Edward Call Herbert Stark
Donald Li Keanu
Glen Chin Pono
Eve Brent Ashe Mrs. Finley
Blaire Baron Mrs. Hodgkiss
Ashlee Lauren Jennifer
Clarissa Mancuso Mrs. Sarpa
Paul Napier Mr. Sarpa
James R. Sweeney Phillip Warburton
DVD release[edit]
DVD name
Region 1
Region 2
Region 4
DVD Special Features
Hawaiian Style / Wedding In Las Vegas (Double Feature) August 7, 2007 N/A N/A None
Saved By The Bell: Hawaiian Style N/A May 17, 2004 N/A Behind The Scenes
Reception[edit]
The film received positive reception from fans, but like the rest of the series was panned by critics. On Rotten Tomatoes, the film received 59% positive from fans, but with no score from critics.
Nielsen ratings[edit]
The movie ranked #51 for the week, with a 9.5/17 rating/share (ranking third in its timeslot behind Family Matters on ABC at #42, and The Golden Palace on CBS at #46), and was watched by 17 million viewers (ranking second in its timeslot in terms of viewers, behind Family Matters (17.5 million), but ahead of The Golden Palace (14.6 million)) [1]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Network Ratings : Top 10" (PDF). Anythingkiss.com. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
External links[edit]
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style on IMDb
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style at AllMovie
Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style at Rotten Tomatoes
hide
v
t
e
Saved by the Bell
Episodes
Characters
Zack Morris
Films
Hawaiian Style
Wedding in Las Vegas
Related series
Good Morning, Miss Bliss
The College Years
The New Class
episodes
Miscellaneous
The Unauthorized Saved by the Bell Story
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Saved_by_the_Bell:_Hawaiian_Style&oldid=855195865"
Categories:
Saved by the Bell
1992 television films
American television films
American films
NBC network original films
Hidden categories:
Pages using infobox television with editor parameter
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Italiano
Nederlands
Edit links
This page was last edited on 16 August 2018, at 15:51 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values: text-align:center;background: #CCCCFF; padding: 0.25em 1em; line-height: 1.5em;

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Kelly_Kapowski
mw-redirect
Kelly Kapowski

values:
/wiki/A.C._Slater
mw-redirect
A.C. Slater

values:
/wiki/Samuel_%22Screech%22_Powers
mw-redirect
Samuel "Screech" Powers

values:
/wiki/Jessie_Spano
mw-redirect
Jessie Spano

values:
/wiki/Kelly_Morris
mw-redirect
Kelly Morris

values:
/wiki/Lisa_Turtle
mw-redirect
Lisa Turtle

values:
/wiki/Richard_Belding
mw-redirect
Richard Belding

values:
/wiki/Eve_Brent_Ashe
mw-redirect
Eve Brent Ashe

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt0105321/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v128718

values: List of Saved by the Bell: The New Class episodes

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Pages using infobox television with editor parameter

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Saved_by_the_Bell:_Hawaiian_Style
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Bayside School - Avventura hawaiana – Italian

values: Saved by the Bell: Hawaiian Style – Dutch

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Saved_by_the_Bell_Hawaiian_Style rootpage-Saved_by_the_Bell_Hawaiian_Style skin-vector action-view