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List of Chicago blues musicians
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Guitarist Buddy Guy performing at the Bonnaroo Music Festival in 2006
Chicago blues is a form of blues music developed in Chicago, Illinois, in the 1950s, in which the basic instrumentation of Delta blues—acoustic guitar and harmonica—is augmented with electric guitar, amplified bass guitar, drums, piano, harmonica played with a microphone and an amplifier, and sometimes saxophone. The best-known Chicago blues musicians include singer-songwriters and bandleaders Muddy Waters, Howlin' Wolf, and Willie Dixon; guitar players such as Elmore James, Luther Allison, and Buddy Guy; and harp (blues slang for harmonica) players such as Little Walter, Paul Butterfield, and Charlie Musselwhite. Since the 1960s, the Chicago blues style and sound has spread around the US, the UK and beyond.

Contents:
Top
0–9
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
I
J
K
L
M
N
O
P
Q
R
S
T
U
V
W
X
Y
Z
A[edit]
Alberta Adams (July 26, 1917 – December 25, 2014)
Linsey Alexander (born July 23, 1942, Holly Springs, Mississippi). Moved to Chicago in 1959, where he was active in the South Side music scene and became one of the hardest-working bluesmen in Chicago. He is known for his strong voice and guitar with his own style of electric blues. His album Been There Done That, recorded by Delmark Records in 2012, has been critically acclaimed as pure blues of the finest quality.
Luther Allison (August 17, 1939, Widener, Arkansas – August 12, 1997). Moved to Chicago as a teenager and became a major force in the blues scene there, primarily as an electric guitarist and also as a singer. He released many albums for Alligator Records, based in Chicago.
Kokomo Arnold (February 15, 1901, Lovejoy's Station, Georgia – November 8, 1968). Slide guitarist and vocalist who began his career in New York City and moved to Chicago in the latter half of the 1920s. He stopped recording for good in 1938, because he was not making a livable wage performing. His first recording was for Decca Records. Several compilation albums of his work have been released, such as those issued by Document Records.
B[edit]
Bonny B. (born July 20, 1974, Posat, Cambodia). Blues harmonica player and singer, holder of a Guinness record for a harmonica marathon in 2009.
Chico Banks (March 7, 1962, Chicago – December 4, 2008). Released one album in 1997 for Evidence Records and played with many other blues musicians.
L.V. Banks (October 28, 1932, Stringtown, Mississippi – May 2, 2011). Moved to Chicago in 1965 and released two albums for Wolf Records.
George Barnes (July 17, 1921, South Chicago Heights, Illinois – September 5, 1977). Electric guitar pioneer who recorded at the age of 16 with Big Bill Broonzy. He also recorded with Blind John Davis, Jazz Gillum and other notable Chicago blues artists but was better known as a swing jazz guitarist and composer.
Barrelhouse Chuck (born July 10, 1958, Columbus, Ohio)
Lefty Bates (March 9, 1920, Leighton, Alabama – April 7, 2007). Guitarist who played on numerous recordings of Chicago blues, jazz and R&B.
Joe Becker (born June 23, 1976, Chicago)
Carey Bell (November 14, 1936, Macon, Mississippi – May 6, 2007). Acoustic and electric harmonica blues and Chicago blues multi-instrumentalist, playing bass guitar, guitar, drums and harmonica and singing. He released several albums for Alligator Records, Delmark Records and other labels.
Fred Below (September 16, 1926 – August 14, 1988). Drummer for the Aces and Little Walter and session player for Muddy Waters and many others.
Buster Benton (July 19, 1932, Texarkana, Arkansas – January 20, 1996). Guitarist in Willie Dixon's Blues All-Stars, best known for his solo rendition of Dixon's song "Spider in My Stew."
Scrapper Blackwell (February 21, 1903, Syracuse, North Carolina – October 27, 1962). Acoustic Piedmont blues artist and an early exponent of Chicago blues, who worked closely with pianist Leroy Carr. He also backed the singer Black Bottom McPhail. Document Records has issued most of his work in three volumes.
Blind Blake (c. 1895, Jacksonville, Florida – 1937). Guitarist and singer who played early ragtime, Piedmont blues, country blues, Delta blues and Chicago blues. A musician of great importance, he recorded frequently for Paramount Records.
Mike Bloomfield (July 28, 1943, Chicago – February 15, 1981). Guitarist.
Boston Blackie - (November 6, 1943 – July 11, 1993). Stage name of Benjamin Joe "Bennie" Houston, born and raised in Alabama who established himself as a guitarist and singer on Chicago's West Side. He was shot dead by fellow musician Tail Dragger Jones.
Eddie Boyd (November 25, 1914, Stovall, Mississippi – July 13, 1994). Blues pianist, singer, and songwriter, a fixture of the Chicago blues scene, performing electric and acoustic Chicago blues. He toured Europe with Buddy Guy in 1965. He left the United States and lived abroad because of racial discrimination. He recorded for Love Records, Decca Records, and other labels.
Billy Branch (born October 3, 1951, Great Lakes, Illinois). Blues harp player and vocalist who plays electric Chicago blues. He leads his own band, the Sons of Blues, and has released several albums for Evidence Records, Alligator Records and other labels.
John Brim (April 10, 1922, Hopkinsville, Kentucky – October 1, 2003). Acoustic and electric Chicago blues guitarist, harmonica player and singer who regularly performed with his wife, Grace, on drums. He recorded for Fortune Records and Chess Records, among others.
Lonnie Brooks (born December 18, 1933). Guitarist and singer.
Ronnie Baker Brooks (born Rodney Dion Baker, January 23, 1967, Chicago). Blues singer and guitarist. His father, the blues guitarist Lonnie Brooks, was a strong musical influence on him, as were Buddy Guy, Junior Wells and other Chicago blues luminaries who jammed at the Brookses' home while he was growing up. His brother Wayne Baker Brooks is also a blues musician, and the three Brookses often appear as guests in each other's shows.
Wayne Baker Brooks (born April 30, 1970, Chicago). Guitarist and singer, son of the blues guitarist Lonnie Brooks.
Big Bill Broonzy (June 26, 1893 or 1898, Altheimer, Arkansas – August 14 or 15, 1958). Acoustic country blues musician who performed Chicago blues, singing and playing guitar and mandolin. He recorded over 350 compositions.
J. T. Brown (April 2, 1918, Mississippi – November 24, 1969). Electric and acoustic Chicago blues tenor saxophonist and singer. He performed with Washboard Sam, Eddie Boyd, Elmore James and others.
George "Mojo" Buford (November 10, 1929, Hernando, Mississippi – October 11, 2011). Played periodically in Muddy Waters's band.
Aron Burton (born June 15, 1938, Senatobia, Mississippi). Played with Albert Collins, Freddie King and Champion Jack Dupree and released a number of solo albums, including Good Blues to You (Delmark, 1999).
George "Wild Child" Butler (October 1, 1936, Hernando, Mississippi – March 1, 2005). Electric guitarist, blues harp player and vocalist. He recorded in the 1960s and 1970s for Mercury Records. In the 1980s he moved to Canada and continued recording and performing. His last album was released by APO Records in 2001.
Paul Butterfield (December 17, 1942, Chicago – May 4, 1987). Amplified harmonica player, guitarist, vocalist and flautist who performed blues-rock and Chicago blues. He recorded for various labels, including Bearsville Records and Elektra Records.
C[edit]
Eddie C. Campbell (born May 6, 1939, Duncan, Mississippi). Electric blues guitarist and singer. Performed with Howlin' Wolf, Luther Allison and many others. His debut album was for Mr. Blues Records. He has recorded for Blind Pig Records, JSP Records and other labels.
Karen Carroll (January 30, 1958, Chicago). Blues vocalist, guitarist, and songwriter, the daughter of Mack Carroll and Alberta Simmons (stage name Jeanne Carroll). She first recorded with the Blues Masters (Carey Bell and his son Lurrie Bell) on the album Son of a Gun, released in 1984 by Rooster. She recorded two albums for Delmark Records and contributed to at least eight works on that label. She has written and recorded many singles and holds copyrights to them. Her latest release was in 2011.
Toronzo Cannon (born February 14, 1968, in Chicago, Illinois, United States) is an American electric blues guitarist, vocalist and songwriter.
Leonard "Baby Doo" Caston (June 2, 1917, Sumrall, Mississippi – August 22, 1987). Rhythm and blues pianist and a member of the Chicago blues band the Big Three Trio, with Willie Dixon and Ollie Crawford. He recorded for Okeh Records and Columbia Records with the group. After the trio broke up, he performed soul music and urban contemporary gospel as an organist.
Chicago Blues All-Stars - An American blues band based in Chicago and formed in 2007.
William Clarke (March 29, 1951, Inglewood, California – November 3, 1996). Blues harmonica player and singer. He recorded for various labels, including Alligator Records, Watch Dog Records and Rivera Records.
Willie Clayton (born March 29, 1955, Indianola, Mississippi). Having started performing in the late 1960s, he has had 10 albums in the Billboard Top Blues Albums chart.
Eddy "The Chief" Clearwater (born January 10, 1935, Macon, Mississippi). Moved to Chicago at the age of fifteen. He is a modern electric rhythm and blues and Chicago blues guitarist and singer. He has recorded numerous solo albums for Rounder Records, Delmark Records, and other labels.
Climax Blues Band. Formed in 1968 and based in Stafford, England, performing blues-rock in the Chicago blues vein. In later years, the band has ventured into soft rock, roots rock and pop rock. The band has released numerous albums for Sire Records, Warner Bros. Records and others.
Michael Coleman (June 24, 1956 – November 2, 2014). Played with James Cotton, Eddy Clearwater, Syl Johnson, and John Primer. Beginning in 1995, he released five albums, for Delmark Records and others.
Albert Collins (October 1, 1932, Leona, Texas – November 24, 1993). Electric blues guitarist and singer, usually considered to be typical the Texas blues style (for example, performing with a horn section).
James Cotton (born July 1, 1935, Tunica, Mississippi – March 16, 2017). Blues harmonica player and singer who got his start performing Delta blues, later moving to Chicago and performing Chicago blues. Performing in both acoustic and electric settings, he has recorded dozens of albums, for Alligator Records, Verve Records and other labels. He leads the James Cotton Blues Band.
Arthur "Big Boy" Crudup (August 24, 1905, Forest, Mississippi – March 28, 1974). Guitarist and singer who began his career performing Delta blues. He later moved to Chicago, where he continued performing Delta blues and also Chicago blues, in both acoustic and electric environments. Not until the blues revival of the 1960s did he receive widespread appreciation from audiences.
D[edit]
Lester Davenport (January 16, 1932, Tchula, Mississippi – March 17, 2009). Moved to Chicago in 1945. Electric Chicago blues harmonica player and vocalist, sometimes called Mad Dog Davenport. He recorded his first album in 1991 for Earwig Music. He recorded I Smell a Rat for Delmark Records in 2002.
Blind John Davis (December 7, 1913, Hattiesburg, Mississippi – October 12, 1985). Accomplished blues, jazz, and boogie-woogie pianist who recorded with Sonny Boy Williamson, Tampa Red, Big Bill Broonzy, Merline Johnson and others.
Jimmy Dawkins (October 24, 1936, Tchula, Mississippi – April 10, 2013). Moved to Chicago in 1955. Guitarist and vocalist and a fixture of the modern electric Chicago blues scene. His first album, Fast Fingers, was recorded in 1969 for Delmark Records, for which he recorded several others. He also recorded for the Earwig Music and other labels.
Bo Diddley (December 30, 1928, McComb, Mississippi – June 2, 2008). Guitarist and vocalist who performed electric Chicago blues, rock and roll and rhythm and blues. He had a long career, beginning in the 1950s. He recorded well over twenty albums for Checker Records, Chess Records, Atlantic Records and other labels.
Willie Dixon (July 1, 1915, Vicksburg, Mississippi – January 29, 1992). Double bassist, singer, songwriter, record producer and guitarist, a key figure in the acoustic and electric Chicago blues scene. He was involved in helping start the careers of Bo Diddley and Muddy Waters, to name only two. He recorded for numerous labels. He also performed jump blues and would sometimes sing jive.
Lefty Dizz (April 29, 1937, Osceola, Arkansas – September 7, 1993)
Johnny Drummer (born March 1, 1938). Singer, muli-instrumentalist, and songwriter.
Little Arthur Duncan (February 5, 1934, Indianola, Mississippi – August 20, 2008). Moved to Chicago in 1950 and accompanied Earl Hooker in the 1950s. He released three solo albums.
Champion Jack Dupree (born 1908, 1909, or 1910 [disputed], died January 21, 1992). Pianist.
E[edit]
Robert "Big Mojo" Elem (January 22, 1928 – February 5, 1997). Bass guitarist and singer.[1]
F[edit]
Billy Flynn (born August 11, 1956). Electric guitarist, singer and songwriter.
"Baby Face" Leroy Foster (February 1, 1923 – May 26, 1958). Singer, guitarist, and drummer.
Little Willy Foster (April 5 or April 20, 1922 – November 25, 1987). Harmonica player, singer, and songwriter.
Steve Freund (born July 20, 1952). Guitarist, singer, bandleader and record producer.
G[edit]
Lacy Gibson (May 1, 1936 – April 11, 2011). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Jazz Gillum (September 11, 1904 – March 29, 1966). Harmonica player.
Good Rockin' Charles (March 4, 1933, Tuscaloosa, Alabama – May 17, 1989). Born Henry Lee Bester, he released one album in his lifetime and is best known for his work with Johnny "Man" Young, Otis "Big Smokey" Smothers, Arthur "Big Boy" Spires and Jimmy Rogers.
Jimmie Gordon (1906 – c. 1946)[2] was a pianist, singer, and songwriter.[3]
Nick Gravenites (born October 2, 1938). Blues, rock and folk singer and songwriter.
Buddy Guy (born July 30, 1936, Lettsworth, Louisiana). Acoustic and electric guitarist and an accomplished singer, one of the most recognizable artists of the Chicago blues. He has recorded numerous albums for Chess Records, Vanguard Records, Silvertone Records and other labels.
Phil Guy (April 28, 1940 – August 20, 2008). Guitarist. He was the younger brother of Buddy Guy.
H[edit]
The Harlem Hamfats. Formed in 1936 by musicians who were not from Harlem, New York, led by trumpeter Herb Morand, the group performed mostly Chicago blues and East Coast blues and backed jazz musicians. The group consisted of Kansas Joe McCoy, Charlie McCoy, Odell Rand, John Lindsay, Horace Malcolm, Pearlis Williams and Freddie Flynn. The group also performed dirty blues, such as the songs "Gimme Some of That Yum Yum" and "Lets Get Drunk and Truck".
Harmonica Hinds (born January 4, 1945, Trinidad). Considered one of the most talented Chicago blues musicians, having played with many blues artists for more than five decades. He is still active on the Chicago blues scene.
Shakey Jake Harris (April 12, 1921, Earle, Arkansas – March 2, 1990). Singer, harmonica player and songwriter, long associated with his nephew, Magic Sam.
Homesick James (April 30, 1910 [uncertain] – December 13, 2006). Slide guitarist. Elmore James was his cousin.
Earl Hooker (January 15, 1930, Clarksdale, Mississippi – April 21, 1970). Moved to Chicago with his family in the early 1940s. Slide guitarist who left an indelible mark on the Chicago blues. Having learning the rudiments of slide guitar from Robert Nighthawk, he joined Ike Turner's Kings of Rhythm in 1949 and toured the South. He returned to Chicago in the mid-1950s and became much in demand as a session player, recording with artists like Pinetop Perkins, Muddy Waters and his cousin, John Lee Hooker.
Big Walter Horton (April 6, 1921, Horn Lake, Mississippi – December 8, 1981). Also known as Shakey Walter Horton, he was one of the better-known harmonica players of his day. He played the gamut, including Memphis blues, Chicago blues, juke joint blues and harmonica blues. He played both acoustic and amplified harmonica and was also a singer.
Howlin' Wolf[4] (June 10, 1910 – January 10, 1976). Singer, guitarist and harmonica player.
J. B. Hutto (April 26, 1926 – June 12, 1983). Guitarist and singer.
I[edit]
Daniel Ivankovich (Chicago Slim) (born November 23, 1963). Founding member of the Chicago Blues All-Stars. He has performed and recorded with many Chicago blues legends, including Otis Rush, Magic Slim and Junior Wells. He is also an orthopedic surgeon and a co-founder and medical director of OnePatient-Global Health Initiative, an organization that provides medical care to the poor in Chicago and abroad.
J[edit]
Elmore James (January 27, 1918, Richland, Mississippi – May 24, 1963). Slide guitarist, playing acoustic and electric guitars, and singer. He performed Delta blues and Chicago blues and is best known for the latter. His technique influenced a generation of guitarists who followed.
Jimmy Johnson (born November 25, 1928). Guitarist and singer.
Luther "Guitar Junior" Johnson (born April 11, 1939). Electric guitarist best known for his long stints with Muddy Waters in the 1970s. In 1980 he began doing solo work. His debut album was released by Evidence Records in 1976. He has also recorded for Telarc and Bullseye Blues.
Luther "Snake Boy" Johnson (born Lucius Brinson Johnson, August 30, 1941, Davisboro, Georgia – March 18, 1976). Electric guitarist, singer and songwriter, also known as Snake or Georgia Boy and sometimes billed as Luther King or Little Luther (he recorded under the latter name for Chess Records in the 1960s).
L.V. Johnson (December 25, 1946 – November 22, 1994). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Syl Johnson (born July 1, 1936). Blues and soul singer and record producer.
Floyd Jones (July 21, 1917 – December 19, 1989). Singer, guitarist and songwriter.
Johnny "Yard Dog" Jones (June 21, 1941 – September 16, 2015). Chicago blues and soul blues singer, guitarist, harmonica player, and songwriter.
Little Johnny Jones (November 1, 1924 – November 19, 1964). Pianist and singer.
Moody Jones (April 8, 1908, Earle, Arkansas – March 23, 1988). Guitarist, bass player, and singer. Performed on Maxwell Street in the 1940s. A significant figure in the development of postwar Chicago blues, backing his cousin Floyd Jones, Snooky Pryor and others on singles released in the late 1940s and early 1950s.
Tail Dragger Jones - (born September 30, 1940) is an American Chicago blues singer. He has performed since the 1960s and released four albums to date. Jones gained a certain notoriety in 1993, after being convicted of second-degree murder for the killing of fellow blues musician, Boston Blackie.
K[edit]
Danny Kalb (born September 9, 1942). Guitarist and singer.
E.G. Kight (born January 17, 1966). Singer, guitarist and songwriter.
Eddie King (April 21, 1938 – March 14, 2012). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Big Daddy Kinsey (March 18, 1927 – April 3, 2001). Singer, guitarist and harmonica player.
Donald Kinsey (born May 12, 1953). Guitarist and singer.
Cub Koda (October 1, 1948 – July 1, 2000). Rock and roll singer, guitarist, songwriter, disc jockey, music critic, and record compiler.
L[edit]
Pierre Lacocque (Oct. 13, 1952). Harmonica player, songwriter, and Mississippi Heat band leader.
Sammy Lawhorn (July 12, 1935 – April 29, 1990). Guitarist.
Johnny Laws (born January 12, 1943). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Sam Lay (born March 20, 1935). Drummer and singer.
Bonnie Lee (June 11, 1931 – September 7, 2006). Singer.
J. B. Lenoir (March 5, 1929 – April 29, 1967). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Hip Linkchain (November 10, 1936 – February 13, 1989). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Little Charlie & the Nightcats
John Littlejohn (April 16, 1931 – February 1, 1994). Electric blues slide guitarist.
Little Walter (May 1, 1930 – February 15, 1968). Harmonica player and singer.
Robert Lockwood, Jr. (March 27, 1915 – November 21, 2006). Guitarist.
Louisiana Red (March 23, 1932 – February 25, 2012). Guitarist, harmonica player and singer.
Professor Eddie Lusk (September 21, 1948 – August 26, 1992). Session and touring musician.
M[edit]
Willie Mabon (October 24, 1925 – April 19, 1985). Pianist, singer and songwriter.
Magic Sam (February 14, 1937 – December 1, 1969). Guitarist and singer.
Liz Mandeville. Singer, songwriter, guitarist, rubboard player, music producer, owner of the record label Blue Kitty Music.
Earring George Mayweather (September 27, 1928 – February 12, 1995) was born in Montgomery, Alabama, United States. Although he only recorded a single solo album, Mayweather's harmonica work appeared on recordings by J. B. Hutto and Eddie Taylor.[5]
Holle Thee Maxwell (born October 17, 1945, Chicago). Singer and songwriter with a six-decade career. She is known for her command of a wide range of genres. She replaced Tina Turner as vocalist with Ike Turner's band. Bobby Bland used one of the songs she wrote for his critically acclaimed album Come Fly with Me.
L. C. McKinley (October 22, 1918 – January 19, 1970). Guitarist.
Big Maceo Merriweather (March 31, 1905 – February 23, 1953). Pianist and singer.
Little Brother Montgomery (April 18, 1906 – September 6, 1985). Pianiat and singer.
Johnny B. Moore (born January 24, 1950). Guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Nick Moss (born December 15, 1969). Guitarist, bassist, harmonica player and singer.
Matt "Guitar" Murphy (born December 29, 1929 - June 15, 2018). Guitarist. He was associated with the bands The Blues Brothers and Howlin' Wolf.
Charlie Musselwhite (born January 31, 1944). Electric blues harmonica player and bandleader.
N[edit]
Robert Nighthawk (November 30, 1909 – November 5, 1967). Guitarist, harmonica player and singer.
O[edit]
Andrew Odom (December 15, 1936 – December 23, 1991). Chicago blues and electric blues singer and songwriter.
P[edit]
Odie Payne (August 27, 1926 – March 1, 1989). Drummer.
Dion Payton (born October 21, 1950). Guitarist and singer.
Pinetop Perkins (July 7, 1913 – March 21, 2011). Pianist.
Brewer Phillips (November 16, 1924, Coila, Mississippi – August 30, 1999). Chicago blues and juke joint blues acoustic and electric guitarist and singer active from the 1970s to the 1990s. He recorded for Delmark Records and JSP Records.
Snooky Pryor (September 15, 1921 – October 18, 2006). Harmonica player.
R[edit]
A.C. Reed (May 9, 1926 – February 24, 2004). Saxophonist.
Jimmy Reed (September 6, 1925 – August 29, 1976). Guitarist, harmonica player and singer.
Rhythm Willie (September 15 1910 - 1954) Harmonica Player
Jimmy Rogers (June 3, 1924, Ruleville, Mississippi – December 19, 1997). Guitarist, harmonica player and singer.
Freddie Roulette (born May 3, 1939). Electric blues lap steel guitarist and singer.
Otis Rush (born April 29, 1935). Guitarist and singer.
S[edit]
Marty Sammon (born October 14, 1977). Keyboardist
Ken Saydak. Pianist and singer-songwriter.
Son Seals (August 13, 1942 – December 20, 2004). Electric blues guitarist and singer.
Eddie Shaw (born March 20, 1937, Stringtown, Mississippi). Tenor saxophonist.
Johnny Shines (April 26, 1915 – April 20, 1992). Singer and guitarist.
Little Mack Simmons (January 25, 1933 – October 24, 2000). Harmonica player, singer and songwriter.
Barkin' Bill Smith. (August 18, 1928 – April 24, 2000). Singer and songwriter, performed solo and sang for electric blues bands, such as Dave Specter & the Bluebirds.
Byther Smith (born April 17, 1933). Blues guitarist and singer.
Jimmie Smith (born August 30, 1945, Chicago, Illinois). Blues guitarist, singer and bandleader; backed Lefty Dizz, leading his Shock Treatment, Magic Slim and Valerie Wellington; fronted and led Condition Blue, Slim Jim & The Fender Benders and The Jimmie Smith Blues Band.
Little Smokey Smothers (January 2, 1939 – November 20, 2010). Guitarist and singer.
Otis "Big Smokey" Smothers (March 21, 1929 – July 23, 1993). Guitarist and singer.
Otis Spann (March 21, 1930 – April 24, 1970). Pianist and singer.
Dave Specter (born May 21, 1963). Guitarist.
Arthur "Big Boy" Spires (February 25, 1912 – October 22, 1990). Guitarist and singer
Arbee Stidham (February 9, 1917 – April 26, 1988). Singer and multi-instrumentalist.
Bob Stroger (born December 27, 1930). Bass guitarist, singer and songwriter active since the 1960s. He backed Eddie King, Otis Rush and Sunnyland Slim.
Studebaker John (born November 5, 1952). Guitarist and harmonica player.
Sugar Blue (born December 16, 1949). Harmonica player.
Hubert Sumlin (November 16, 1931 – December 4, 2011). Guitarist and singer.
Sunnyland Slim (September 5, 1906 – March 17, 1995). Pianist and singer.
Tampa Red (January 8, 1904 [uncertain] – March 19, 1981). Guitarist and songwriter.
Eddie Taylor (January 29, 1923 – December 25, 1985). Electric blues guitarist and singer.
Hound Dog Taylor (April 12, 1915 – December 17, 1975). Guitarist and singer.
Koko Taylor (September 28, 1928 – June 3, 2009). Singer.
Melvin Taylor (born March 13, 1959). Guitarist.
Johnny Temple (October 18, 1906 – November 22, 1968). Guitarist and singer.
W[edit]
Johnny "Big Moose" Walker (June 27, 1927 – November 27, 1999). Chicago blues and electric blues pianist and organist.
Washboard Sam (July 15, 1910 – November 6, 1966). Washboard player and singer.
Muddy Waters (born McKinley Morganfield, April 4, 1913, Rolling Fork, Mississippi – April 30, 1983). Slide guitarist and singer who began his career playing Delta blues but is best known as a Chicago blues musician.[4]
Valerie Wellington (November 14, 1959, Chicago – January 2, 1993). Classical opera singer who successfully turned to recording Chicago blues.
Junior Wells (December 9, 1934 – January 15, 1998). Harmonica player and singer.
Golden "Big" Wheeler (December 15, 1929 – July 20, 1998). Chicago blues and electric blues singer, harmonica player, and songwriter.
Big Joe Williams. Better known as a Delta blues player and itinerant musician, but an important figure in the development of Chicago blues by virtue of his recordings with Sonny Boy Williamson I.
Johnny Williams (May 15, 1906 – March 6, 2006). Guitarist and singer.
Lil' Ed Williams (born April 8, 1955). Slide guitarist, singer and songwriter.
Sonny Boy Williamson I (John Lee Williamson, March 30, 1914 – June 1, 1948). Harmonica player, singer and songwriter.
Sonny Boy Williamson II (Alex or Aleck "Rice" Miller, possibly December 5, 1912 – May 24, 1965). Harmonica player, singer and songwriter.
Big John Wrencher (February 12, 1923 – July 15, 1977). Harmonica player and singer.
Y[edit]
Jimmy Yancey (February 20, 1894 – September 17, 1951). Boogie-woogie pianist, composer and lyricist.
Johnny "Man" Young (January 1, 1918 – April 18, 1974). Singer, mandolin player and guitarist.
Mighty Joe Young (September 23, 1927 – March 24, 1999). Guitarist.
Zora Young (born January 21, 1948, West Point, Mississippi). Soul blues and gospel blues singer. She has toured Europe several times and has released albums for Delmark Records, Deluge Records, Black Lightning Records and other labels.
See also[edit]
List of blues musicians
List of musicians from Chicago
Further reading[edit]
Allmusic
Keil, Charles (1991) [1966]. Urban Blues. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. ISBN 0-226-42960-1.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Edward Komara; Peter Lee (July 2004). The Blues Encyclopedia. Routledge. p. 301. ISBN 978-1-135-95832-9.
Jump up ^ Ryan Olsen (2006). Komara, Edward, ed. Encyclopedia of the Blues. New York: Routledge. p. 640. ISBN 978-0-415-92699-7. OL 7496252M.
Jump up ^ "Jimmie Gordon | Biography & History". AllMusic. Retrieved 2016-12-09.
^ Jump up to: a b Gilliland, John (1969). "The Tribal Drum: The Rise of Rhythm and Blues" (audio). Pop Chronicles. University of North Texas Libraries. Show 4.
Jump up ^ Edward Komara; Peter Lee. The Blues Encyclopedia. Books.google.co.uk. p. 664. Retrieved 2016-10-09.
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Jane the Virgin (season 3)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Jane the Virgin (season 3)
Jane the Virgin season 3 poster
Starring
Gina Rodriguez
Andrea Navedo
Yael Grobglas
Justin Baldoni
Ivonne Coll
Brett Dier
Jaime Camil
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
20
Release
Original network
The CW
Original release
October 17, 2016 (2016-10-17) – May 22, 2017 (2017-05-22)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 2
Next →
Season 4
List of Jane the Virgin episodes
The third season of Jane the Virgin premiered on The CW on October 17, 2016 and ended on May 22, 2017. The season consisted of 20 episodes and stars Gina Rodriguez as Jane Villanueva a young Latina university student accidentally artificially inseminated with her boss' sperm, Rafael Solano (Justin Baldoni). In this season, Jane marries Michael Cordero, Jr. (Brett Dier) and must deal with married life while Rafael discovers secrets from his past and his ex-wife, Petra Solano (Yael Grobglas), deals with her evil twin sister.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast and characters
1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
2 Episodes
3 Ratings
4 References
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Gina Rodriguez as Jane Gloriana Villanueva
Andrea Navedo as Xiomara "Xo" Gloriana Villanueva
Yael Grobglas as Petra Solano/Anezka
Justin Baldoni as Rafael Solano
Ivonne Coll as Alba Gloriana Villanueva
Brett Dier as Michael Cordero, Jr.
Jaime Camil as Rogelio de la Vega
Anthony Mendez as the Latin Lover Narrator (voice over)
Recurring[edit]
Yara Martinez as Dr. Luisa Alver
Bridget Regan as Rose Solano / Sin Rostro
Diane Guerrero as Lina Santillan
Priscilla Barnes as Magda Andel
Justina Machado as Darci Factor
Ricardo Chavira as Bruce
Johnny Messner as Chuck Chesser
Alfonso DiLuca as Jorge
Francisco San Martin as Fabian Regalo del Cielo
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of Jane the Virgin episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
45
1 "Chapter Forty-Five" Gina Lamar Jennie Snyder Urman October 17, 2016 (2016-10-17) 1.09[1]
Michael is in critical condition fighting for his life in hospital, as we are given flashbacks to the start of Jane and Michael's romance. Police question Petra (really her twin sister, Anežka) and find her acting suspiciously and Jane and Michael's mom finally learn to get along.
46
2 "Chapter Forty-Six" Brad Silberling David S. Rosenthal & Paul Sciarrotta October 24, 2016 (2016-10-24) 1.10[2]
When Rafael finally admits that he is over Jane, their co-parenting style is tested when they argue over what the best preschool is for Mateo. Xo is paranoid about Alba finding out her secret and what it will do to their relationship. Rogelio is ready to cross over to American TV, especially after he learns his nemesis is making the transition. Meanwhile, Anežka is trying to find new dirt on Rafael when she begins an unexpected romance.
47
3 "Chapter Forty-Seven" Eva Longoria Baston Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft October 31, 2016 (2016-10-31) 0.97[3]
Jane continues to work on her thesis and she decides to add Alba's estranged sister to the narrative, much to Alba's dismay. In order for Rogelio to have a chance at being an American crossover star he decides to bring the Passions of Santos to The CW in hopes they will pick it up. Xo thinks about abandoning her dream of being a singer for something more realistic. Meanwhile, Luisa is forced to make a choice between her family or Rose.
48
4 "Chapter Forty-Eight" Melanie Mayron Sarah Goldfinger & Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin November 7, 2016 (2016-11-07) 1.08[4]
Jane and Michael's housewarming party in their new home hits a snag when they discover they are being evicted for not paying their rent. Rogelio is still determined to break into American television, but needs some unusual help from Rafael. Xo makes a new career choice, but Alba and Jane aren't convinced this is the one for her. Meanwhile, "Petra" shocks Rafael with what she wants to do with her shares of the hotel.
49
5 "Chapter Forty-Nine" Anna Mastro Paul Sciarrotta November 14, 2016 (2016-11-14) 0.93[5]
Jane convinces Alba to let her read the letters from her estranged sister, but under the condition Jane doesn't reach out to her family. Rafael is starting to suspect that something is different with Petra. Meanwhile, Michael and Rafael, with the help of Jane and Rogelio, try to create a civil friendship, but it doesn't go as smoothly as everyone hoped.
50
6 "Chapter Fifty" Melanie Mayron Valentina Garza & David S. Rosenthal November 21, 2016 (2016-11-21) 1.01[6]
Jane's cousin visits her unexpectedly and causes Jane to reflect on her own life. Meanwhile, Xo finds a spot for her dance studio; Rogelio wrestles with telling Xo how he feels about her; and Petra turns to Rafael when she learns she's being sued.
51
7 "Chapter Fifty-One" Gina Lamar Sarah Goldfinger & Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin November 28, 2016 (2016-11-28) 1.15[7]
When Alba makes Jane feel guilty for not attending church, Jane decides she wants to bring Mateo against Rafael's wishes. Rafael unlocks a long lost memory of him and his mother, which could be a clue in the Mutter case. Rogelio hires a matchmaker to help him get over Xo. Meanwhile, Jane's cousin is starting to wear out her welcome.
52
8 "Chapter Fifty-Two" Anna Mastro Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft January 23, 2017 (2017-01-23) 0.99[8]
Jane still isn't approving of Xo and Bruce's relationship, same as Bruce's daughter, Tess. Rafael gets a DNA test and finds out he's not biologically a Solano when he finds an addendum to his father's will that states his estate will be divided between his biological children, leaving him broke. Rafael's lawyer advises him not to say anything so he can keep his money, but revenge-seeking Petra has heard it all on her hidden cameras. Michael is sick of desk duty and quits his job. Catalina is revealed to be married. Rogelio confesses his feelings for Darcy in an odd way, she doesn't reciprocate and tells him to get rid of them if he wants to have a baby with her. Jane tries yoga to help with her stress.
53
9 "Chapter Fifty-Three" Gina Lamar Chantelle M. Wells January 30, 2017 (2017-01-30) 0.91[9]
Michael has decided to become a lawyer, and is now preparing for the LSAT. Jane notices Mateo's friends are speaking full sentences but he's only saying a couple of words, so she takes him to the doctor. Rafael tells Jane he wants to probate the addendum for his father's will. Petra manipulates Catalina to distract Rafael for one more night for $10,000. Jane and Michael share their worries with each other. Petra destroys the addendum for her twins' sake. Catalina goes home. Scott and Anežka get married and put the addendum back together after it was shredded to blackmail Petra into letting Anežka stay in the county. Rogelio and Darcy decide to wait on the baby and go on a date. Rogelio finishes making Tiago.
54
10 "Chapter Fifty-Four" Melanie Mayron Micah Schraft & Jennie Snyder Urman February 6, 2017 (2017-02-06) 0.93[10]
Jane gets a new job. Petra struggles to connect with her daughters. Jane thinks she might be pregnant. Rafael tells Luisa they're not biologically related, but she doesn't care. She introduces him to her new girlfriend and Rafael says he'll need blood tests after what happened last time with Rose. It's revealed that Luisa's new girlfriend is Rose and has hired the woman she looks like now to take the tests so she can be with Luisa. Rogelio goes viral. Jane gets her period, and both she and Michael are disappointed but excited about the idea of having kids together. Anežka wants to see the twins, and they're so happy with her but not with Petra. The Villanuevas have dinner with Bruce and Tess and it goes well. Rafael faces jail time for covering up his fathers crimes. Tragedy strikes Jane's family,and the story skips ahead 3 years to a wedding.
55
11 "Chapter Fifty-Five" Brad Silberling Paul Sciarrotta & Jennie Snyder Urman February 13, 2017 (2017-02-13) 1.07[11]
As the timeline skips forward 3 years, Rogelio is filming a reality TV show. Xo and Bruce are still together. Mateo is having behavioral problems, unlike Anna and Ellie (formerly Elsa). Petra has re-opened the new kids-friendly Marbella and has taken to motherhood as she's now the president of the school PTA and her daughters are getting rave reviews from their teachers, she's also sleeping with the adults only hotel owner from across the street, Chuck. Rafael is out of jail and he and Jane are best friends, he also has a new girlfriend, Abbey, that he's been with for over a year. Jane gets a deal to publish her new novel. A body is found buried in the sand by the Marbella.
56
12 "Chapter Fifty-Six" Matthew Diamond Valentina Garza February 20, 2017 (2017-02-20) 1.06[12]
Jane must deal with the aftermath of Michael's death 4 years in the future with a misbehaving Mateo in and out of school. Rogelio and Darcy's show has taken off and Xiomara has been cast as an evil ex girlfriend, which affects her life off screen as fans blame her for ruining Rogelio's relationship in the show. Rafael is out of prison and he and Petra have a grand opening to prepare for as they rebrand the Marbella. However plans exceed the property line and they must fight with the neighbour for rights to open by opening day.
57
13 "Chapter Fifty-Seven" Zetna Fuentes Madeline Hendricks February 27, 2017 (2017-02-27) 0.88[13]
Jane is unsure about her new agent's suggestions about her work. Rafael is deciding whether he should move in with Abbey and Petra is tortured by her involvement in the aftermath of Scott's murder case.
58
14 "Chapter Fifty-Eight" Melanie Mayron Merigan Mulhern March 20, 2017 (2017-03-20) 0.84[14]
Jane feels guilty that she isn't around for Mateo as much as she would like, so she decides to run for Room Mom against none other than perfect mom, Petra. With the help of Jane and Xo, Alba tries to impress her crush, but it doesn't go as smoothly as planned. Rafael tries to be there for both Jane and Petra. Meanwhile, Rogelio tries to slyly get information from Mateo about Xo and Bruce's (guest star Ricardo Chavira) relationship.
59
15 "Chapter Fifty-Nine" Anna Mastro Deidre Shaw March 27, 2017 (2017-03-27) 0.89[15]
Jane turns to Rafael and Petra for advice on getting back into the dating scene. Meanwhile, Alba takes Jane and Xo's advice on Jorge. Also, Petra becomes worried after she learns Chuck is talking to the police.
60
16 "Chapter Sixty" Micah Schraft Carolina Rivera & Micah Schraft April 24, 2017 (2017-04-24) 0.79[16]
Jane finally becomes a published author, but she's reluctant to talk about her past to help sell her book. Meanwhile, Rogelio is intimidated by his new younger male co-star, Fabian (guest star Francisco San Martin), and begins to wonder if the newbie is trying to upstage him. However, Jane finds herself in the middle of Rogelio and Fabian's personal conflict when she establishes a crush on Fabian. At the same time, Alba continues her own tenative flirtation with her co-worker Jorge. Meanwhile, Luisa and her new girlfriend Eileen (guest star Elisabeth Röhm) are back in town to visit Rafael, but Rafael isn't taking any chances when it comes to safety and has their hotel room bugged. Elsewhere, Petra must convince Anežka to come back to Miami to answer some questions the police have for her about Scott's murder.
61
17 "Chapter Sixty-One" Melanie Mayron Paul Sciarrotta May 1, 2017 (2017-05-01) 0.77[17]
Jane is ready for a fling with Fabian but soon realizes they are not on the same page. Alba persuades Jane to give Fabian a chance. Also, Jane bumps into Lina unexpectedly. They had lost touch when Lina moved to New York two years ago. Can their friendship be repaired? Alba discovers Jorge is undocumented. Xo and Rogelio get engaged. Meanwhile, Anežka blackmails Petra into helping prove that she didn't kill Scott. Petra turns to Rafael for support. Meanwhile, Rafael is having feelings for Petra and asks Jane for advice. Chuck convinces Petra to chase down a lead on Scott's killer but this leaves Petra in a very precarious situation.
62
18 "Chapter Sixty-Two" Fernando Sariñana Jessica O'Toole & Amy Rardin & David S. Rosenthal May 8, 2017 (2017-05-08) 0.99[18]
Jane has to learn how to handle her new love life, especially when Fabian, the guy she is dating, introduces her to his grandmother. Petra learns some interesting information about Chuck about his involvement with his hotel when he comes clean and denies anything to do with Scott's murder. Xo and Rogelio are eager to share their news with Jane, but want to try to take her feelings into consideration. Meanwhile, when Mateo starts asking questions about where he came from and the topic of sex, Jane and Rafael are forced to sit down with the five-year-old and explain how their family came to be.
63
19 "Chapter Sixty-Three" Gina Lamar Paul Sciarrotta May 15, 2017 (2017-05-15) 0.76[19]
Jane and Fabian are not on the same page when it comes to their relationship, which makes it hard for Jane to ask him for a favor. Meanwhile, Petra and Rafael both turn to Jane for advice, but Jane is determined not to get involved in their drama again. Also, Jane volunteers to help Xo and Rogelio with getting back together, but she might have bitten off more than she can chew. Elsewhere, Rafael sinks to a new low when he agrees to cooperate with the police in a charade to lure Luisa back to the hotel so they can arrest her and Eileen whom they now suspect to be Scott's killer.
64
20 "Chapter Sixty-Four" Melanie Mayron Micah Schraft & Jennie Snyder Urman May 22, 2017 (2017-05-22) 0.96[20]
As a lingering tropical storm threatens to shut down the city of Miami, the ordained Jane struggles to find the right words for Rogelio and Xo's wedding ceremony, when she learns about a mysterious letter that Michael wrote before their wedding and sets out to find it. Rogelio and Xo are excited for their big day, but Rogelio gets some shocking news that could put things on hold when Darcy shows up, now seven months pregnant. With Rose finally captured and in jail, Luisa tries to secure her own release to cooperate with the police to Rose's business. Here, the identity of Scott's killer is finally revealed to be the real Eileen. Once again, Rafael is upset with Luisa for getting involved with Rose, while she is angry and upset that Rafael lied to her about his cancer returning for the purpose to lure her and Rose back to Miami. Rafael tells Luisa to leave the hotel and get out of his life for good, but this pushes the scorned and mentally unbalanced Luisa over the edge and, after a chance meeting with Anežka, she plots a wicked and vindictive plan to get back at Rafael, while Anežka plots her own wicked plan of revenge against Petra. Elsewhere, Petra is skeptical about Jane's feelings for Rafael which leads her to make a rash decision that leads her to facing the barrel of a gun held by Anežka.
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Chapter Forty-Five" October 17, 2016 0.4/2 1.09[1] 0.4 0.83 0.8 1.92[21]
2 "Chapter Forty-Six" October 24, 2016 0.4/2 1.10[2] 0.4 0.77 0.8 1.88[22]
3 "Chapter Forty-Seven" October 31, 2016 0.4/1 0.97[3] 0.4 0.88 0.8 1.85[23]
4 "Chapter Forty-Eight" November 7, 2016 0.4/2 1.08[4] 0.4 0.72 0.8 1.80[24]
5 "Chapter Forty-Nine" November 14, 2016 0.3/1 0.93[5] 0.4 N/A 0.7[25] N/A
6 "Chapter Fifty" November 21, 2016 0.4/2 1.01[6] 0.3 0.76 0.7 1.79[26]
7 "Chapter Fifty-One" November 28, 2016 0.4/2 1.15[7] 0.4 0.70 0.8 1.85[27]
8 "Chapter Fifty-Two" January 23, 2017 0.4/1 0.99[8] 0.3 0.72 0.7 1.70[28]
9 "Chapter Fifty-Three" January 30, 2017 0.3/1 0.91[9] 0.3 0.68 0.6 1.59[29]
10 "Chapter Fifty-Four" February 6, 2017 0.3/1 0.93[10] 0.4 0.76 0.7 1.69[30]
11 "Chapter Fifty-Five" February 13, 2017 0.4/2 1.07[11] 0.3 0.64 0.7 1.71[31]
12 "Chapter Fifty-Six" February 20, 2017 0.4/1 1.06[12] 0.3 0.61 0.7 1.67[32]
13 "Chapter Fifty-Seven" February 27, 2017 0.3/1 0.88[13] N/A N/A N/A N/A
14 "Chapter Fifty-Eight" March 20, 2017 0.3/1 0.84[14] 0.4 0.71 0.7 1.55[33]
15 "Chapter Fifty-Nine" March 27, 2017 0.3/1 0.89[15] 0.4 0.69 0.7 1.57[34]
16 "Chapter Sixty" April 24, 2017 0.2/1 0.79[16] TBD TBD TBD TBD
17 "Chapter Sixty-One" May 1, 2017 0.2/1 0.77[17] 0.3 0.55 0.5 1.32[35]
18 "Chapter Sixty-Two" May 8, 2017 0.4/1 0.99[18] TBD TBD TBD TBD
19 "Chapter Sixty-Three" May 15, 2017 0.2/1 0.76[19] 0.3 0.58 0.5 1.34[36]
20 "Chapter Sixty-Four" May 22, 2017 0.3/1 0.96[20] 0.3 0.60 0.6 1.56[37]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 18, 2016). "'Gotham,' 'The Voice,' 'Big Bang,' 'DWTS' adjust up, 'Conviction' and '2 Broke Girls' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 18, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (October 25, 2016). "'Kevin Can Wait' adjusts up, 'Timeless,' 'Supergirl,' and 'Jane the Virgin' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved October 25, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 1, 2016). "'Gotham' adjusts up, CBS shows all adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 8, 2016). "'Jane the Virgin,' 'Odd Couple' and 'Conviction' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 15, 2016). "'2 Broke Girls' adjusts up, 'Supergirl' and 'Jane the Virgin' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 22, 2016). "'Supergirl,' 'Jane the Virgin,' 'Odd Couple,' 'Conviction' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 22, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (November 30, 2016). "'Voice' adjusts up, 'Gotham,' 'Lucifer,' 'Jane the Virgin' and ABC adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 30, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (January 24, 2017). "'Celebrity Apprentice' adjusts up, 'Quantico' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 24, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (January 31, 2017). "'Quantico' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (February 7, 2017). "'The Bachelor' and 'Superior Donuts' adjust up: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 7, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (February 14, 2017). "'The Bachelor' adjusts up, 'Quantico' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 14, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (February 22, 2017). "'Quantico' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (February 28, 2017). "'Scorpion' adjusted up: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 28, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (March 21, 2017). "'Dancing With the Stars' adjusts up, 'Taken' and 'Quantico' adjust down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (March 28, 2017). "'Voice,' 'Great Indoors' adjust up; 'Taken,' 'Quantico,' 'Jane the Virgin' down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 28, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (April 25, 2017). "'Gotham' adjusts up, 'Quantico' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (May 2, 2017). "'The Voice,' 'Scorpion,' 'Man with a Plan,' 'Superior Donuts' all adjust up: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (May 9, 2017). "'Gotham,' 'Man with a Plan,' 'Jane the Virgin' adjust up, 'Quantico' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 9, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (May 16, 2017). "'Dancing with the Stars,' 'Man with a Plan' finale adjust up: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 16, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Porter, Rick (May 23, 2017). "'The Voice' adjusts up, 'Jane the Virgin' adjusts down: Monday final ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 4, 2016). "'This Is Us' and 'Agents of SHIELD' score in broadcast Live +7 ratings for Oct. 17-23". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 10, 2016). "'This Is Us,' 'Designated Survivor' stay on top in broadcast Live +7 ratings for Oct. 24-30". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 17, 2016). "13 shows double, 'This Is Us' & 'Big Bang' lead broadcast Live +7 ratings for Oct. 31-Nov. 6". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (November 23, 2016). "'Designated Survivor' makes more big gains in week 8 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved November 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 1, 2016). "'This Is Us,' 'Big Bang,' 'Designated Survivor' are the Big Three in week 9 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 7, 2016). "'New Girl' and 'Quantico' double in week 10 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (December 21, 2016). "6 shows double in week 11 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved December 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 11, 2017). "'This Is Us' and TGIT rise above the rest in week 19 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 15, 2017). "'Big Bang Theory,' 'Agents of SHIELD' benefit the most in week 20 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 23, 2017). "'This Is Us' and 'Timeless' lead the week 21 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 2, 2017). "'This Is Us' and 'Agents of SHIELD' on top again: Week 22 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 9, 2017). "'This Is Us' makes biggest gains again: Week 23 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 6, 2017). "'Empire' and 'Designated Survivor' score in week 27 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 13, 2017). "'Designated Survivor' scores again, 7 shows double in week 28 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 22, 2017). "'Modern Family,' 'Big Bang' gain the most, 10 shows double: Week 33 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (June 2, 2017). "'Modern Family,' 'Designated Survivor' finales make biggest gains in week 35 broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (June 8, 2017). "'Empire' and 'Bull' season finales lead week 36's broadcast Live +7 ratings". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved July 9, 2017.
[hide]
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Jane the Virgin
Seasons
1
2
3
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5
Characters
Jane Villanueva
Petra Solano
Other
Juana la virgen
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Han shot first
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The 1997 Special Edition of Star Wars depicts Greedo firing a shot at Han Solo shortly before Han responds in kind. In the original 1977 release, Han is the only one to fire. This slow-motion clip shows the 2004 version.
"Han shot first" is a phrase referring to a controversial change made to a scene in the science fiction film Star Wars (1977), in which Han Solo (Harrison Ford) is confronted by the bounty hunter Greedo (Paul Blake) in the Mos Eisley Cantina. The change was made for the 1997 Special Edition re-release of Star Wars, and has since been altered twice more. The phrase "Han shot first" is meant to express that "Han was the only one who shot", and is a colloquial retort to series creator George Lucas's decision to alter the scene.
The controversy has been referenced in-universe in the 2018 film Solo: A Star Wars Story.
Contents
[hide]
1 Scene
2 History
3 Controversy
4 References in other films
5 References
Scene[edit]
Han Solo and Greedo both independently work for Jabba the Hutt, a crime lord based on the planet Tatooine. Before the events of the film, Solo, a smuggler for Jabba, jettisons cargo to avoid capture by an Imperial search party. As a result, Jabba offers a bounty on Solo. In the Mos Eisley Cantina, Greedo corners Solo and forces him at gunpoint to sit down in a booth. Solo tells Greedo that he has the money to compensate Jabba, but Greedo demands the money for himself. Solo says he does not have the money at the moment, quietly readying his own blaster under the table. Greedo tells him that Jabba has run out of patience with Solo and that Greedo has been "waiting for a long time" to capture Solo. Solo replies, "Yes, I'll bet you have." The scene's conclusion varies depending on the version of the film.
History[edit]
In the original 1977 theatrical release of the scene, the film cuts to a closeup of Greedo's face, followed quickly by flash sparks, a cloud of smoke, and the sound effect of a blaster firing. This is followed by a reverse angle of Greedo from behind, slumping over the table. In 2012, director George Lucas expressed his dissatisfaction with this climax, believing that it depicts Solo, the film's supporting protagonist, as a "cold-blooded killer".[1] But Greedo had pointed a gun at Solo and bragged that he had been "looking forward" to seeing Solo's "dead body", constituting—according to at least one legal expert—a direct threat on Solo's life that would clearly warrant preemptive action on Solo's part in self-defense in the United States.[2]
In the 1997 special edition of the film, a few frames are inserted in which Greedo shoots first at Solo and misses, and then Solo returns fire, killing Greedo.[3][4]
For the film's 2004 DVD release, the scene was altered again, with new timing so that the shots are fired at nearly the same time and so that Solo dodges Greedo's shot. In an article titled "The Star Wars George Lucas Doesn't Want You To See", The Atlantic summarized that "[i]n the original versions ... it's clear that Han Solo pulled out his gun and shot the bounty hunter Greedo. In the 1997 version, Greedo shoots first. In the 2004 version, they shoot at the same time."[5]
For the 2011 Blu-ray release, the scene of Solo and Greedo firing at each other was shortened by several frames.[6]
Controversy[edit]
This alteration is disagreeable to some longtime fans of the series, provoking some to create an online petition demanding that the changes be retracted.[7] The primary objection to the revision is that it alters Han's initially morally ambiguous character, making his later transition from anti-hero to hero less meaningful.[8] Film students have labored for years to issue their own entire custom-edited re-releases of the Star Wars films in an effort to redact Lucas's changes, especially this scene with Solo and Greedo.[5][9]
In a 2004 interview, Lucas explained, "to me, [the original movie] doesn't really exist anymore. ... I'm sorry you saw half a completed film and fell in love with it. But I want it to be the way I want it to be."[10] In a 2012 interview with The Hollywood Reporter, Lucas stated that a combination of poor-quality close-up shots and the audience's inaccurate perception of the Han Solo character was what actually caused all the confusion. Lucas explained:
The controversy over who shot first, Greedo or Han Solo, in Episode IV, what I did was try to clean up the confusion, but obviously it upset people because they wanted Solo to be a cold-blooded killer, but he actually isn't. It had been done in all close-ups and it was confusing about who did what to whom. I put a little wider shot in there that made it clear that Greedo is the one who shot first, but everyone wanted to think that Han shot first, because they wanted to think that he actually just gunned him down.[1]
Regardless of this claim from Lucas, one draft of the original film's script makes no mention of Greedo shooting at all—only Solo.[11] In 2015, a fan made copy of an early script was discovered in the archives of the University of New Brunswick library by Kristian Brown. The script, dated March 15, 1976, was based on a revised fourth draft. Brown was quoted as suggesting it confirms "100 percent, Han shot first."[12]
Prior to Lucas's long history of retroactive edits of Star Wars films and withholding the originals even for archival purposes, he had in 1988 protested to Congress (in opposition to Ted Turner colorizing classic black and white films) against that very process even on a purely cosmetic basis. At that time, Lucas originally argued that the public has a right to retain classic cinematic originals as a matter of cultural heritage, saying that "people who alter or destroy works of art and our cultural heritage for profit or as an exercise of power are barbarians".[5]
In a 2014 Reddit interview with fans, when asked who shot first, actor Harrison Ford's reply was simply, "I don't know and I don't care."[13][14] However, Paul Blake, who played Greedo, said in a 2016 interview with the New York Daily News,
Of course, it said it all in the original script, we played in the scene in English and at the end of the scene, it reads, 'Han shoots the alien.' It's all it says and that's what happened. It was very painful.[15]
Blake also indicated that Greedo shooting first made the character appear inept (in that he would have missed Solo from very short range), and that "it does give Greedo a little more glory if he's just blown away."[15]
In a 2015 interview for The Washington Post Lucas gave his reason for changing the scene:
"Han Solo was going to marry (Princess) Leia, and you look back and say, 'Should he be a cold-blooded killer?'" Lucas asks. "Because I was thinking mythologically—should he be a cowboy, should he be John Wayne? And I said, 'Yeah, he should be John Wayne.' And when you're John Wayne, you don't shoot people [first]—you let them have the first shot. It's a mythological reality that we hope our society pays attention to."[16]
References in other films[edit]
The 2018 spin-off film Solo: A Star Wars Story references the controversy in its climax by having Han Solo shoot the antagonist Tobias Beckett in the chest mid-sentence, killing him.[17][18][19] Some journalists interpreted the scene as confirmation by the writers, Lawrence and Jonathan Kasdan, that Solo had indeed shot first in the original film.[17][18] The decision was a deliberate move by the Kasdans, who wrote in the script, "There can be no question that Han shoots first."[17][19]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Lucas, George (February 9, 2012). "5 Questions With George Lucas: Controversial Star Wars Changes, SOPA and Indiana Jones 5". The Hollywood Reporter (Interview). Interviewed by Alex Ben Block. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ Gross, John. "UA Professor: Han Solo was legally justified to shoot first". AL.com. Alabama Media Group. Retrieved 2016-01-15.
Jump up ^ Howell, Peter, "At last, Han shot first", Toronto Star, May 12, 2006
Jump up ^ Tocci, Jason, "The Well-Dressed Geek: Media Appropriation and Subcultural Style", Massachusetts Institute of Technology, April 29, 2007
^ Jump up to: a b c Eveleth, Rose (August 27, 2014). "The Star Wars George Lucas Doesn't Want You To See". The Atlantic. Retrieved November 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ "More Changes to STAR WARS Include Blinking Ewoks and Different Cut of Greedo Shooting First". collider.com. September 1, 2011. Retrieved September 19, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Han Shoots First". Archived from the original on March 16, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2015.
Jump up ^ Sagers, Aaron, "An unbelievable day in the life of Jack Bauer", The Morning Call, February 15, 2006
Jump up ^ "Restoring Star Wars". ABC News. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Lucas, George (September 15, 2004). "Lucas talks as 'Star Wars' trilogy returns" (Interview). Interviewed by Associated Press. San Rafael, CA. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ Star Wars: A New Hope script, Revised Fourth Draft. January 15, 1976
Jump up ^ "Copy of original Star Wars script discovered in UNB library". June 8, 2015. Retrieved October 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ Wigler, Josh (April 14, 2014). "Harrison Ford Doesn't Know, Doesn't Care If Han Shot First". MTV News. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
Jump up ^ "I am Harrison Ford. AMA". Reddit. April 13, 2014. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Sacks, Ethan (May 5, 2016). "EXCLUSIVE: Greedo actor wants 'Star Wars' to restore Han Solo shooting first scene: 'It does give him a little more glory'". New York Daily News. Retrieved May 5, 2016.
Jump up ^ Lucas, George (December 5, 2015). "George Lucas: To feel the true force of 'Star Wars,' he had to learn to let it go" (Interview). Interviewed by The Washington Post. San Rafael, CA. Retrieved May 13, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Tapley, Kristopher (May 26, 2018). "How the Kasdans Settled the Biggest Debate in 'Star Wars' History With 'Solo'". Variety. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Outlaw, Kofi (May 28, 2018). "'Solo: A Star Wars Story' Reveals Why Han Shot First". ComicBook.com. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Libbey, Dirk (May 27, 2018). "Solo: A Star Wars Story Wants To Make It Clear To Everyone Han Shot First". CinemaBlend. Retrieved May 29, 2018.
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