text:
Bat Out of Hell
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the album. For the title track, see Bat Out of Hell (song). For the British television series, see Bat Out of Hell (TV series). For the musical, see Bat Out of Hell The Musical.
Bat Out of Hell
Studio album by Meat Loaf
Released
September 1977
Recorded
1975–1976
Studio
Various[show]
8 Bearsville Studios, Woodstock, NY
Utopia Sound, Lake Hill, NY
The Hit Factory, New York, NY
House of Music, West Orange, NJ
Genre
Hard rock
glam rock
pop
progressive rock
heavy metal
Length
46:33
Label
Cleveland International/Epic
Producer
Todd Rundgren
Meat Loaf chronology
Stoney & Meatloaf
(1971)Stoney & Meatloaf1971 Bat Out of Hell
(1977) Dead Ringer
(1981)Dead Ringer1981
Singles from Bat Out of Hell
"You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth (Hot Summer Night)"
Released: October 1977
"Two Out of Three Ain't Bad"
Released: February 1978
"Paradise by the Dashboard Light"
Released: August 1978
Bat Out of Hell is the second studio album and the major-label debut by American rock singer Meat Loaf, as well as being his first collaboration with composer Jim Steinman and producer Todd Rundgren, released in September 1977 on Cleveland International/Epic Records. It is one of the best-selling albums of all time, having sold over 43 million copies worldwide.[1] Rolling Stone Magazine ranked it at number 343 on its list of the 500 greatest albums of all time in 2003.
Its musical style is influenced by Steinman's appreciation of Richard Wagner, Phil Spector, Bruce Springsteen and The Who. Bat Out of Hell has been certified 14 times platinum by the Recording Industry Association of America.[2] As of May 2015, it has spent 485 weeks in the UK Charts.[3] The album went on to become one of the most influential and iconic albums of all time and its songs have remained classic rock staples.
This album's title also became the title for two more Meat Loaf albums. Steinman produced the album Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell (1993). Desmond Child produced the album Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose (2006).
A musical based on the album, staged by Jay Scheib, opened at the Manchester Opera House on February 17, 2017 before transferring to the London Coliseum and Toronto, Canada's Ed Mirvish Theatre in late 2017.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Pre-production
2 Production
3 Composition
4 Cover
5 Title
6 Reception
7 Dispute between Cleveland International and Sony Records
8 Track listing
8.1 Versions
9 Personnel
9.1 Arrangements
9.2 Band
10 Charts
11 Certifications
12 See also
13 References
Pre-production[edit]
The album developed from a musical, Neverland, a futuristic rock version of Peter Pan, which Steinman wrote for a workshop in 1974, and performed at the Kennedy Center Music Theatre Lab in 1977.[5][6] Steinman and Meat Loaf, who were touring with the National Lampoon show, felt that three songs were "exceptional" and Steinman began to develop them as part of a seven-song set they wanted to record as an album.[7] The three songs were "Bat Out of Hell", "Heaven Can Wait" and "The Formation of the Pack", which was later retitled "All Revved Up with No Place to Go".
Bat Out of Hell is often compared to the music of Bruce Springsteen, particularly the album Born to Run. Steinman says that he finds that "puzzling, musically", although they share influences; "Springsteen was more an inspiration than an influence."[6] A BBC article added, "that Max Weinberg and Roy Bittan from Springsteen's E Street Band played on the album only helped reinforce the comparison."[8]
Steinman and Meat Loaf had immense difficulty finding a record company willing to sign them. According to Meat Loaf's autobiography, the band spent most of 1975 writing and recording material, and two and a half years auditioning the record and being rejected.[9] Manager David Sonenberg jokes that they were creating record companies just so they could be rejected.[10] They performed the album live in 1976, with Steinman on piano, Meat Loaf singing, and sometimes Ellen Foley joining them for "Paradise". Steinman says that it was a "medley of the most brutal rejections you could imagine."[11] Meat Loaf "almost cracked" when CBS executive Clive Davis rejected the project.[7] The singer recounts the incident in his autobiography. Not only did Davis, according to Meat Loaf, say that "actors don't make records", the executive challenged Steinman's writing abilities and knowledge of rock music:
Do you know how to write a song? Do you know anything about writing? If you're going to write for records, it goes like this: A, B, C, B, C, C. I don't know what you're doing. You're doing A, D, F, G, B, D, C. You don't know how to write a song... Have you ever listened to pop music? Have you ever heard any rock-and-roll music... You should go downstairs when you leave here... and buy some rock-and-roll records.[12]
Meat Loaf asserts "Jim, at the time, knew every record ever made. [He] is a walking rock encyclopedia." Although Steinman laughed off the insults, the singer screamed "Fuck you, Clive!" from the street up to his building.[13]
However, Todd Rundgren found the album hilarious, thinking that it was a parody of Springsteen.[14] The singer quotes him as saying: "I've got to do this album. It's just so out there." They told the producer that they had previously been signed to RCA.[9] In one 1989 interview with Classic Rock magazine, Steinman labeled him "the only genuine genius I've ever worked with."[7] In a 1989 interview with Redbeard for the In the Studio with Redbeard episode on the making of the album, Meat Loaf revealed that Jimmy Iovine and Andy Johns were potential candidates for producing Bat Out of Hell before being rejected by Meat and Steinman in favor of Rundgren, who Meat initially found cocky but grew to like.
Production[edit]
Recording started in late 1975 in Bearsville Studios, Woodstock, New York. Roy Bittan and Max Weinberg, the pianist and drummer from Bruce Springsteen's E Street Band played on the album, in addition to members of Rundgren's group Utopia: Kasim Sulton, Roger Powell and John "Willie" Wilcox. Edgar Winter played the saxophone on "All Revved Up".[9] Rundgren himself played guitar, including the "motorcycle solo" on "Bat Out of Hell".[15] Both Steinman and Rundgren were influenced by Phil Spector and his "wall of sound".[9] According to Meat Loaf, Rundgren put all the arrangements together because although "Jim could hear all the instruments" in his head, Steinman hummed rather than orchestrating.[15]
When Rundgren discovered that the deal with RCA did not actually exist, Albert Grossman, who had been Bob Dylan's manager, offered to put it on his Bearsville label but needed more money.[16] Rundgren had essentially paid for the album himself.[11] Mo Ostin at Warner Bros. was impressed, but other senior people rejected them after they performed live. Steinman had offended them a few years earlier by auditioning with a song named "Who Needs the Young", which contains the lyric "Is there anyone left who can fuck? Screw 'em!"[17]
Another E Street Band member, Steve Van Zandt, and Sonenberg arranged to contact Cleveland International Records, a subsidiary of Epic Records. After listening to the spoken word intro to "You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth" ("Hot Summer Night"), founder Steve Popovich accepted the album for Cleveland.[17][18]
Rundgren mixed the record in one night. However, the mixes were not suitable to the extent that Meat Loaf did not want "Paradise" on the album. Jimmy Iovine, who had mixed Springsteen's Born to Run, remixed some of the tracks. After several attempts by several people, John Jansen mixed the version of "Paradise" that is on the album. According to Meat Loaf, he, Jansen and Steinman mixed the title track.[16]
Phil Rizzuto's baseball play-by-play call for "Paradise by the Dashboard Light" was recorded in 1976 at The Hit Factory in New York City by Rundgren, Meat Loaf and Steinman. As an Italian Catholic, Rizzuto publicly maintained he was unaware that his contribution would be equated with sex in the finished song. However, Meat Loaf asserts that Rizzuto only claimed ignorance to stifle some criticism from a priest and was fully aware of the context of what he was recording.[19]
Composition[edit]
"Bat Out of Hell"
This sample features the beginning of the chorus.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Todd Rundgren acknowledges that Steinman was highly influenced by the "rural suburban teenage angst" of Bruce Springsteen.[20] According to manager David Sonenberg, "Jim would always come up with these great titles and then he would write a song that would try to justify the greatness of the title."[10]
The album tells the story of a young man who dies in a motorcycle crash while speeding and relives select moments from his life before his soul is taken to Hell. It opens with the title track "Bat Out of Hell", taken from Steinman's Neverland musical. It is the result of Steinman's desire to write the "most extreme crash song of all time."[11] It features a boy who is riding so fast and ecstatically that he is unable to see an obstruction until it is "way too late". As the unnamed young man slowly dies, he thinks back to the first time he met his girlfriend ("You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth"), opens with spoken word section, that was also taken from the Neverland musical, as were the next two tracks.[21]
As he dies, he reflects on wanting to see his love one more time ("Heaven Can Wait") and remember their love before he goes to heaven. the young man thinks more deeply into the beginning of his relationship with his unnamed lover and the first time he had sex with her ("All Revved Up and Nowhere to Go"):
You and me 'round about midnight
Someone's got to draw first blood [...]
Oooh I got to draw first blood.
Side Two opens with the young man's dying thoughts turning to his recent breakup with the unnamed lover ("Two Out of Three Ain't Bad"); the song was written quite late in the album's production, shortly before the album was released.[10] The song documents the breakup of a relationship where despite the fact that the man wants and needs the woman, he will never love her; he tries to be positive and supportive, however, in emphasizing that wanting her and needing her are very positive things—i.e., "ain't bad"—which gives the song an ironic twist. A further twist is that the reason the man will never love the woman is because he already loves another woman, who broke up with him because she already loved another man. Rundgren identifies how the song was influenced by the Eagles, who were successful at the time. The producer also highlights the "underlying humor in the lyrics", citing the line "There ain't no Coupe de Ville hiding at the bottom of a Cracker Jack box." He says you could only "get away" with that lyric "in a Meat Loaf song".[20]
The young man then begins to remember his first sexual encounter with his unnamed lover as a teenager, when he pressured her into having sex with him in his car ("Paradise by the Dashboard Light"); the song features a duet between Meat Loaf and Ellen Foley in which The Boy (the dying man's younger self) and his unnamed girlfriend in which The Boy tries to convince his girlfriend to submit to him, while the girl feebly attempts to reject his advances. They "make out" heavily in the middle instrumental section, described in metaphor in a baseball commentary by New York Yankees announcer Phil Rizzuto. Right before The Man is about to take her virginity, the girl makes him swear that he will love her, which he passionately agrees to; however, over time The Man grows sick of the relationship and ultimately commits suicide by crashing his car ("if I got to spend another minute with you I don't think that I can really survive.")
As the young man begins to accept his inevitable death ("For Crying Out Loud"), an angel appears to him and forces him to accept the fact that his girlfriend's seemingly "interfering behavior" was really her trying to save him; however, due to his selfish ways he was unable to appreciate the support she tried to give him and instead viewed his relationship with her as merely sexual ("And can't you see my faded Levi's bursting apart.") As he finally dies, he is taken before God, who condemns him for his selfish behavior and sends him to Hell.
Comparing the album to Steinman's late-1960s musical The Dream Engine, Classic Rock magazine says that Steinman's imagery is "revved up and testosterone-fueled. Songs like "Paradise by the Dashboard Light", "Two Out of Three Ain't Bad" and "For Crying Out Loud" echoed the textbook teenage view of sex and life: irrepressible physical urges and unrealistic romantic longing."[7]
Steinman's songs for Bat Out of Hell are personal but not autobiographical:
I never thought of them as personal songs in terms of my own life but they were personality songs. They were all about my obsessions and images. None of them takes place in a normal world. They all take place in an extreme world. Very operatic ... they were all heightened. They don't take place in normal reality.[11]
For example, citing the narrative of "Paradise", Rundgren jokes that he can't imagine Steinman being at a lakeside with the most beautiful girl in school, but he can imagine Steinman imagining it.[20]
Cover[edit]
Steinman is credited with the album cover concept, which was illustrated by Richard Corben. The cover depicts a motorcycle, ridden by a long-haired man, bursting out of the ground in a graveyard. In the background, a large bat perches atop a mausoleum that towers above the rest of the tombstones. In 2001, Q magazine listed the cover as number 71 in its list of "The Hundred Best Record Covers of All Time."[22]
Steinman had wanted equal billing with Meat Loaf on the album's title. He wanted it to be called "Jim Steinman presents..." or "Jim and Meat," or vice versa. For marketing reasons, the record company wished to make 'Meat Loaf' the recognizable name. As a compromise, the words "Songs by Jim Steinman" appear relatively prominently on the cover. The singer believes that this was probably the beginning of their "ambivalent relationship."[23]
Title[edit]
The phrase "Bat Out of Hell" can be traced back to the Greek playwright Aristophanes' 414 B.C. work titled The Birds.[24] In it is what is believed to be the first reference to a bat out of Hell:
Near by the land of the Sciapodes there is a marsh, from the borders whereof the unwashed Socrates evokes the souls of men. Pisander came one day to see his soul, which he had left there when still alive. He offered a little victim, a camel, slit his throat and, following the example of Odysseus, stepped one pace backwards. Then that bat of a Chaerephon came up from hell to drink the camel's blood.
Steinman registered "Bat Out of Hell" as a trademark in 1995, and sought to prevent Meat Loaf from using the title.[25] In 2006, however, the singer sought to cancel Steinman's trademark and use the title for Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose.[26]
Reception[edit]
Professional ratings
Review scores
Source
Rating
AllMusic [27]
Rolling Stone mixed[28]
Robert Christgau C−[29]
Bat Out of Hell was released by Cleveland International in September 1977. Cleveland International's parent label was Epic Records, where almost everyone hated it.[18] Steve Popovich, the head of Cleveland International Records, was relentless in his efforts to get Epic and all of CBS Records and radio on board. In 1993, Steinman reflected that the album is "timeless in that it didn't fit into any trend. It's never been a part of what's going on. You could release that record at any time and it would be out of place."[30]
Response to the album was slow. Steinman asserts that it was "underpromoted", having a reputation of being "damaged goods because it had been walked around to so many places." Due to the enthusiastic response to the music videos from the record, Australia and England were the first to develop interest.[11] The BBC television programme The Old Grey Whistle Test aired a clip of the live band performing the nine-minute title track. According to Classic Rock, response was so overwhelming, that they screened it again the following week. They later invited the band to perform "Paradise" live. "As a result, in the UK Bat became an unfashionable, uncool, non-radio record that became a 'must-have' for everyone who heard it, whether they 'got' Steinman's unique perspective or not."[18]
Meanwhile, in North America according to Billboard Magazine, Steve Popovich and his partners began promoting the album aggressively, first getting radio play in Omaha, Neb., Cleveland and New York. By year's end, the album had sold a respectable 140,000 copies by Popovich's account, but the promotion people at Epic were still unmoved. Popovich, in a letter to his former boss Alexenburg, complained, "Some of your guys have given up." But not in Canada. Graham Powers, CBS Canada’s Director of Marketing introduced himself to CHUM-FM’s new Program Director Warren Cosford. Cosford’s background was as the Production Manager of Radio Documentaries on The Beatles, Elvis Presley and the 64 hour Evolution of Rock which were in syndication throughout North America. Powers had heard that Warren was a fan of ‘Wall of Sound’ Production and suggested that he listen to Bat Out of Hell over the Christmas and New Years holiday. Cosford loved it. The first day after New Years he called a Music Meeting. Everyone agreed they should not only ‘add’ Bat Out of Hell….but put it in ‘Heavy Rotation’ for a week to gauge audience response. The Telephones lit up. As their Parent Company in New York had earlier turned the record down and were merely distributing it, CBS Canada were surprised, but jumped on board. Later, as Graham Powers said, “Tackling the Meatloaf campaign was different from handling most other CBS international acts in that there was no prior stateside success to refer to. The album was doing virtually nothing in the U.S. and subsequently had to be approached as a totally new project in Canada with a Marketing Campaign developed from scratch”. Publicity Manager Liz Braun added….. After Meatloaf had played at the El Mocambo where he caused a riot, all the press in town wanted to talk to him and did. Suddenly he had a hardcore following in Toronto and he was asked to perform at the CBS Convention in New Orleans. Meat Loaf ‘Live’ at The El Mocambo was immediately pressed to disc and distributed to stations throughout North America. On the Canadian charts, the album reached number 5 (for 2 weeks after 27 weeks on the chart) having been number 6 for 7 weeks.

Still, the album was not an immediate hit in the U.S.; it was more of a growing one. Bat Out of Hell still sells about 200,000 copies per year and has sold an estimated 43 million copies worldwide,[31][32] including 14 million in the United States[33] and over 1.7 million albums in Australia, where it is the second best-selling album in the country behind John Farnham's Whispering Jack (1.73 million copies),[34][35] and even re-entered the ARIA Charts in June 2007, at #34. It stayed on the United Kingdom charts for 485 weeks,[36] a feat surpassed only by the 522 weeks of Fleetwood Mac's Rumours.[37] In 1989, Kerrang! magazine listed the album at No. 38 among the "100 Greatest Heavy Metal Albums of All Time".[38] In 2003, the album was ranked number 343 on Rolling Stone's list of the 500 greatest albums of all time.[39] In 2005, Bat Out of Hell was ranked number 301 in Rock Hard magazine's book of The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time.[40] In 2006 it was voted number nine in a poll conducted by the Australian Broadcasting Corporation to discover Australia's most popular album.[41] In November 2007, Meat Loaf was awarded the Classic Album award in Classic Rock's Classic Rock Roll Of Honour.[42] The album was also included in the book 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die.[43]
Reviews were initially mixed, but have since become much more positive. At first Rolling Stone called the songs "swell, but... entirely mannered and derivative" and noted that the arrangements "aren't bad", although the musicians were commended. The review ended with the assertion that the "principals have some growing to do."[44] Modern reviews are more positive, however. Allmusic declares "this is Grand Guignol pop—epic, gothic, operatic, and silly, and it's appealing because of all of this." They acknowledge that Steinman is "a composer without peer, simply because nobody else wanted to make mini-epics like this." Rundgren's production is applauded, as is the wit in the music and lyrics. "It may elevate adolescent passion to operatic dimensions, and that's certainly silly, but it's hard not to marvel at the skill behind this grandly silly, irresistible album."[45]
Also, Meat Loaf revealed on In the Studio with Redbeard that he was not well received early on in the tour when he was opening for Cheap Trick. In the same interview, Meat Loaf revealed that when he played at a CBS Records convention in 1978, record executives and superstar Billy Joel (who was in the audience) gave Meat Loaf a standing ovation for his performance after a haunting rendition of the closing track "For Crying Out Loud", and credits this as the turning point in the album's success in the United States.
Dispute between Cleveland International and Sony Records[edit]
In 1995, Cleveland International sued Sony for unpaid royalties from sales of the album. Under the terms of the 1998 settlement agreement ending the suit, Sony agreed to include the Cleveland International logo on all future releases of the album. In 2002, Steve Popovich, founder of Cleveland International and the owner of the rights to its name, sued Sony, alleging that Sony had failed to include the Cleveland International logo on some copies of the album and on some compilations Sony released that included songs from the album. On May 31, 2005, the federal district court in Cleveland, Ohio, entered judgment against Sony pursuant to a jury verdict in favor of Popovich and awarded Popovich more than US$5,000,000 in damages for Sony's breach of the 1998 settlement agreement. On November 21, 2007, the federal appellate court in Cincinnati, Ohio, affirmed the judgment of the trial court.[46]
Track listing[edit]
All tracks written by Jim Steinman.
Side one
No.
Title
Length
1. "Bat Out of Hell" 9:48
2. "You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth (Hot Summer Night)" 5:04
3. "Heaven Can Wait" 4:38
4. "All Revved Up with No Place to Go" 4:19
Side two
No.
Title
Length
5. "Two Out of Three Ain't Bad" 5:23
6. "Paradise by the Dashboard Light" (duet with Ellen Foley) (I. Paradise / II. Let Me Sleep On It / III. Praying for the End of Time) 8:28
7. "For Crying Out Loud" 8:45
Versions[edit]
The album also exists in numerous other formats and re-releases, including a Super Audio CD version, a 25th anniversary edition (2001 – Epic/Legacy #62171) with two bonus tracks ("Great Boléros of Fire (live intro)" [3:54] and "Bat Out of Hell (live)" [11:10], and a Bat Out of Hell: Re-Vamped release (1991) featuring the bonus song "Dead Ringer for Love".
A new hybrid SACD version was released in late 2016 by Analog Spark, an audiophile imprint of the Razor & Tie label, mastered from the original tapes by Ryan Smith at Sterling Sound. (Early copies erroneously name Kevin Gray as the mastering engineer; Analog Spark issued a statement that this intended arrangement did not happen because of a "miscommunication.")
Personnel[edit]
Track numbers indicate that a musician only plays the instrument so noted on that specific track.
Arrangements[edit]
Kenneth Ascher – string arrangements (3, 5)
Steve Margoshes – orchestra arrangement (7)
Band[edit]
Meat Loaf – lead vocals, backing vocals (6), percussion (2)
Todd Rundgren – guitar (1, 2, 4–6), percussion (1, 2), keyboards (1), backing vocals (1–3, 5, 6)
Kasim Sulton – bass guitar (1, 2, 4–7), backing vocals (1)
Roy Bittan – piano, keyboards (1-2, 6)
Steve Margoshes – piano (7)
Cheryl Hardwick – piano (7)
Jim Steinman – keyboards (1, 2, 6), percussion (1, 2), "lascivious effects" (6)
Roger Powell – synthesizer (1, 2, 5, 6)
Edgar Winter – saxophone (2, 4, 6)
Max Weinberg – drums (1, 2, 6)
John "Willie" Wilcox – drums (4, 5, 7)
Phil "Scooter" Rizzuto – play-by-play (6)
Ellen Foley – featured vocal (6), backing vocals (1, 2, 4, 6)
Rory Dodd – backing vocals (all except 4)
Gene Orloff – concert master (7)
Members of New York Philharmonic and Philadelphia Orchestra – orchestra (7)
Charts[edit]
Chart (1977–78)
Peak
position
Australian Albums (Kent Music Report)[47]
1
Canada Top Albums/CDs (RPM)[48]
5[49]
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[50]
1
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[51]
11
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[52]
1
Swedish Albums (Sverigetopplistan)[53]
13
UK Albums (OCC)[54]
9
US Billboard 200[55]
14
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[56]
25× Platinum 1,750,000^
Canada (Music Canada)[57]
2× Diamond 2,000,000^
Denmark (IFPI Denmark)[58]
2× Platinum 40,000^
Germany (BVMI)[59]
Platinum 500,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[60]
17× Platinum 255,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[61]
10× Platinum 3,282,300[62]
United States (RIAA)[63]
14× Platinum 14,000,000^
Summaries
Worldwide
43,000,000
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
See also[edit]
Rock music portal
1977 in music
Bat Out of Hell II
Meat Loaf discography
Wagnerian rock
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Whitaker, Sterling (October 21, 2012). "35 Years Ago: Meat Loaf's 'Bat Out of Hell' Released". Ultimate Classic Rock. Retrieved December 28, 2014.
Jump up ^ "RIAA Database, Bat Out of Hell". Retrieved February 11, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Meat Loaf: In and Out of Hell". BBC. July 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BAT OUT OF HELL flies into London". London Box Office. August 19, 2016. Retrieved November 8, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Neverland". jimsteinman.com. Archived from the original on August 15, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Power Of Rock 'n Roll". Gallery magazine. May 1978. Archived from the original on November 3, 2006. Retrieved November 17, 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Hotten, Jon. "Bat Out Of Hell – The Story Behind The Album (page 2)". Classic Rock. Archived from the original on August 16, 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Sold on Song Top 100: Bat Out Of Hell". BBC Radio 2. Retrieved November 17, 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Loaf, Meat; David Dalton (2000). To Hell and Back: An Autobiography. London: Virgin Publishing. pp. 118–9. ISBN 0-7535-0443-X.
^ Jump up to: a b c David Sonenberg (1999). Classic Albums: Meat Loaf Bat Out of Hell (DVD). Image Entertainment. Dir: Bob Smeaton
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Jim Steinman (1999). Classic Albums: Meat Loaf Bat Out of Hell (DVD). Image Entertainment.
Jump up ^ Clive Davis, as recalled by Meat Loaf, in Meat Loaf/Dalton, pg. 117.
Jump up ^ Meat Loaf/Dalton, pg. 117.
Jump up ^ Dansby, Andrew (August 27, 2010). "In defense of: Bat Out of Hell". 29-95.com. Retrieved July 20, 2015. I thought it was a parody of Bruce Springsteen. Oddly enough the world took it seriously. There’s this big, fat, operatic guy doing totally over the top, over-wrought, drawn-out songs. All this bombast. It was like Bruce Springsteen squared. I was just chuckling the whole time, and I’m still chuckling. I can’t believe the world took it seriously.
^ Jump up to: a b Meat Loaf/Dalton pg 121–2.
^ Jump up to: a b Meat Loaf/Dalton pg 123–4.
^ Jump up to: a b Meat Loaf/Dalton pg 125–8.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hotten, Jon. "Bat Out Of Hell – The Story Behind The Album (page 3)". Classic Rock. Archived from the original on August 16, 2007. Retrieved August 15, 2007.
Jump up ^ Pearlman, Jeff (August 29, 2007). "Phil and Meat Loaf will always have "Paradise"". ESPN. Retrieved August 28, 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c Todd Rundgren (1999). Classic Albums: Meat Loaf Bat Out of Hell (DVD). Image Entertainment.
Jump up ^ "NEVERLAND by Jim Steinman". jimsteinman.com. Retrieved June 17, 2007.
Jump up ^ O'Connor, Mickey (March 19, 2001). "London's Q magazine picked these; what are yours?". ew.com. Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 18, 2007.
Jump up ^ Meat Loaf/Dalton, pp. 124–5
Jump up ^ "The four meanings of an Arabic word". Language Log. June 19, 2006. Archived from the original on September 1, 2007. Retrieved August 18, 2007.
Jump up ^ Butler, Susan (June 5, 2006). "Meat Loaf Sues Over 'Bat Out Of Hell'". Billboard. Archived from the original on April 26, 2008. Retrieved September 25, 2006.
Jump up ^ "MEAT LOAF BATTLES FOR BAT OUT OF HELL TRADEMARK". contactmusic.com. June 6, 2006. Retrieved November 14, 2006.
Jump up ^ AllMusic Review
Jump up ^ Marsh, Dave (December 15, 1977). "Meat Loaf". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 2, 2007. Retrieved August 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ Robert Christgau Review
Jump up ^ Jim Steinman (1993). Back Into Hell: Meat Loaf & Jim Steinman interview (DVD). Virgin Records.
Jump up ^ "Label Blew Meat Loaf's biggest". Jim Steinman. February 28, 2007. Archived from the original on June 22, 2009. Retrieved July 6, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Meatloaf sues former collaborator Steinman over Bat Out of Hell". Reuters/VNU. June 8, 2006. Archived from the original on September 28, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
Jump up ^ "RIAA Top 100 Albums". riaa.com. Archived from the original on January 17, 2010. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Sydney Herald: Music Australia loved". The Sydney Morning Herald. July 12, 2007. Archived from the original on September 9, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
Jump up ^ Dale, David (January 10, 2013). "THE TRIBAL MIND ARCHIVE 2013: The music Australia loved". Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved April 14, 2013.
Jump up ^ White, Dave. "12 Days of Christmas Past Classic Rock Holiday History". About.com:Classic Rock. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
Jump up ^ Betts, Graham (2005). Complete UK Hit Albums 1956–2005. London: Collins. ISBN 0-00-720532-5.
Jump up ^ Hotten, Jon (January 21, 1989). "Meat Loaf 'Bat Out of Hell'". Kerrang!. 222. London, UK: Spotlight Publications Ltd. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "The RS 500 Greatest Albums of All Time". Rolling Stone. November 18, 2003. Archived from the original on August 24, 2007. Retrieved August 22, 2007.
Jump up ^ [...], Rock Hard (Hrsg.). [Red.: Michael Rensen. Mitarb.: Götz Kühnemund] (2005). Best of Rock & Metal die 500 stärksten Scheiben aller Zeiten. Königswinter: Heel. p. 91. ISBN 3-89880-517-4.
Jump up ^ "My Favourite Album Top 100". Abc.com.au. Archived from the original on August 18, 2007. Retrieved August 20, 2007.
Jump up ^ Barton, Geoff (November 6, 2007). "Oh, what a night!". Classic Rock. Archived from the original on November 9, 2007. Retrieved November 9, 2007.
Jump up ^ Robert Dimery; Michael Lydon (February 7, 2006). 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die: Revised and Updated Edition. Universe. ISBN 0-7893-1371-5.
Jump up ^ Marsh, Dave (December 15, 1977). "Album Reviews: Meat Loaf, Bat Out Of Hell". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on October 2, 2007. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
Jump up ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Bat Out of Hell". Allmusic. Retrieved August 19, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Sony sued in Meat Loaf logo row". BBC News. November 23, 2007. Archived from the original on December 13, 2007. Retrieved November 23, 2007.
Jump up ^ Kent, David (1993). Australian Chart Book 1970–1992. St Ives, New South Wales: Australian Chart Book. p. 196. ISBN 0-646-11917-6.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Albums: Issue {{{chartid}}}". RPM. Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved December 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/obj/028020/f2/nlc008388.4634a.pdf
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell" (in Dutch). Hung Medien. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell" (in German). GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Charts.org.nz – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Swedishcharts.com – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell". Hung Medien. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Meat Loaf | Artist | Official Charts". UK Albums Chart. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Meat Loaf Chart History (Billboard 200)". Billboard. Retrieved October 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2014 Albums". Australian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved October 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Canadian album certifications – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell". Music Canada. Retrieved June 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ http://www.ifpi.dk/?q=certificeringer&page=88
Jump up ^ "Gold-/Platin-Datenbank (Meat Loaf; 'Bat Out of Hell')" (in German). Bundesverband Musikindustrie. Retrieved June 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ Scapolo, Dean (2007). The Complete New Zealand Music Charts 1966-2006. Recording Industry Association of New Zealand. ISBN 978-1-877443-00-8.
Jump up ^ "British album certifications – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell". British Phonographic Industry. Enter Bat Out of Hell in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ Jones, Alan (September 16, 2016). "Official Charts Analysis: Bastille top albums chart with Wild World". Music Week. Intent Media. Retrieved September 16, 2016. (Subscription required (help)).
Jump up ^ "American album certifications – Meat Loaf – Bat Out of Hell". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved June 30, 2012. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Album, then click SEARCH
Preceded by
Saturday Night Fever (soundtrack)
by Various artists Australian Kent Music Report number-one album
June 26 – August 13, 1978 Succeeded by
Grease (soundtrack) by Various artists
[show]
v
t
e
Meat Loaf
Studio albums
Stoney & Meatloaf (1971)
Bat Out of Hell (1977)
Dead Ringer (1981)
Midnight at the Lost and Found (1983)
Bad Attitude (1984)
Blind Before I Stop (1986)
Bat Out of Hell II: Back into Hell (1993)
Welcome to the Neighbourhood (1995)
Couldn't Have Said It Better (2003)
Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose (2006)
Hang Cool Teddy Bear (2010)
Hell in a Handbasket (2011)
Braver Than We Are (2016)
Live albums
Live at Wembley (1987)
Live Around the World (1996)
VH1: Storytellers (1999)
Bat Out of Hell: Live with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra (2004)
3 Bats Live (2008)
Compilations
Hits Out of Hell (1984)
Heaven & Hell (1989)
Heaven Can Wait – The Best Ballads of Meat Loaf Vol. 1 (1996)
The Very Best of Meat Loaf (1998)
Videography
Live
Hits Out of Hell
Bad Attitude – Live!
Bat Out of Hell II: Picture Show
VH1: Storytellers
To Hell and Back
Bat Out of Hell: Live with the Melbourne Symphony Orchestra
3 Bats Live
Meat Loaf: In Search of Paradise
Tours
The Seize the Night Tour (2006–07)
The Casa de Carne Tour (2008)
The Hang Cool Tour (2010–11)
Guilty Pleasure Tour (2011)
Mad, Mad World Tour (2012)
Last at Bat Tour (2013)
Singles
"What You See Is What You Get"
"It Takes All Kinds of People"
"You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth"
"Paradise by the Dashboard Light"
"Two Out of Three Ain't Bad"
"Bat Out of Hell"
"I'm Gonna Love Her for Both of Us"
"Dead Ringer for Love"
"Read 'Em and Weep"
"Peel Out"
"In Europe '82"
"If You Really Want To"
"Razor's Edge"
"Midnight at the Lost and Found"
"Modern Girl"
"Nowhere Fast"
"Rock 'n' Roll Mercenaries"
"Blind Before I Stop"
"Special Girl"
"I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)"
"Life Is a Lemon and I Want My Money Back"
"Rock and Roll Dreams Come Through"
"Objects in the Rear View Mirror May Appear Closer than They Are"
"I'd Lie for You (And That's the Truth)"
"Not a Dry Eye in the House"
"Runnin' for the Red Light (I Gotta Life)"
"A Kiss Is a Terrible Thing to Waste"
"No Matter What"
"Is Nothing Sacred"
"Did I Say That?"
"Couldn't Have Said It Better"
"Man of Steel"
"It's All Coming Back to Me Now"
"Cry Over Me"
"Los Angeloser"
Related articles
Discography
Neverland Express
Stoney & Meatloaf
Ted Nugent
Jim Steinman
Patti Russo
Shaun Murphy
Amanda Aday
Pearl Aday
[show]
v
t
e
Todd Rundgren
Studio albums
Runt
Runt. The Ballad of Todd Rundgren
Something/Anything?
A Wizard, a True Star
Todd
Initiation
Faithful
Hermit of Mink Hollow
Healing
The Ever Popular Tortured Artist Effect
A Cappella
Nearly Human
2nd Wind
No World Order
The Individualist
With a Twist...
Up Against It!
One Long Year
Liars
Arena
Todd Rundgren's Johnson
(re)Production
State
Global
White Knight
with Utopia
Todd Rundgren's Utopia
Another Live
RA
Oops! Wrong Planet
Adventures In Utopia
Deface the Music
Swing to the Right
Utopia
Oblivion
P.O.V.
Redux '92: Live in Japan
Live albums
Another Live
Back to the Bars
Redux '92: Live in Japan
Singles
"We Gotta Get You a Woman"
"I Saw the Light"
"Hello It's Me"
"Good Vibrations"
"Can We Still Be Friends"
"Bang the Drum All Day"
Other songs
"Dreams of Ordinary Men"
"Kissing with Confidence"
"Love Is the Answer"
"Shake a Fist"
"Western Girls"
Album
productions
Great Speckled Bird
Stage Fright
Straight Up
Halfnelson
New York Dolls
We're an American Band
Shinin' On
War Babies
Felix Cavaliere
L
Bat Out of Hell
Remote Control
TRB Two
Wave
Wasp
Bad for Good
Forever Now
Next Position Please
Love Bomb
What Is This?
Skylarking
Dreams of Ordinary Men
Love Junk
Things Here Are Different
One Sided Story
The World's Most Dangerous Party
Halfway Down the Sky
The New America
Separation Anxieties
Cause I Sez So
Related articles
Discography
Bebe Buell
Daryl Hall
Nazz
The New Cars
Liv Tyler
Steven Tyler
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Bat_Out_of_Hell&oldid=828262995"
Categories:
1977 albums
Meat Loaf albums
Albums produced by Todd Rundgren
Concept albums
Epic Records albums
Hidden categories:
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
CS1 German-language sources (de)
Pages containing links to subscription-only content
Use mdy dates from January 2018
Good articles
Articles with hAudio microformats
Music infoboxes with deprecated parameters
Certification Table Entry usages for Australia
Certification Table Entry usages for Canada
Certification Table Entry usages for Denmark
Certification Table Entry usages for Germany
Certification Table Entry usages for New Zealand
Certification Table Entry usages for United Kingdom
Certification Table Entry usages for United States
Certification Table Entry usages for unsupported region
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
Euskara
Français
Italiano
ქართული
Magyar
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
Українська
10 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 1 March 2018, at 14:49.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: This is a good article. Follow the link for more information.

attrs: href title

attrs: class id

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

values: text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold;font-style: italic; background-color: lightsteelblue

value: tr

values: Futuristic motorcycle rider; the motorcycle has jet exhaust. A bat-like figure on the tower of a building.

attrs: href class title

value: td

attrs: colspan style

values: font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;

values: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame1

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em .1em .2em 0

values: width: 33%; text-align: center; vertical-align: top; padding: .2em 0 .2em .1em

values: background: transparent; width: 100%; min-width: 100%; border-collapse: collapse

values: You Took the Words Right Out of My Mouth

values:
/wiki/Studio_album
mw-redirect
Studio album

values: Rolling Stone's 500 Greatest Albums of All Time

values:
/wiki/RIAA_certification
mw-redirect
RIAA certification

values: Recording Industry Association of America

values: Bat Out of Hell III: The Monster Is Loose

values:
/wiki/Utopia_(American_band)
mw-redirect
Utopia (American band)

values:
/wiki/Wall_of_sound
mw-redirect
Wall of sound

values:
/wiki/Steve_Van_Zandt
mw-redirect
Steve Van Zandt

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 110px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -27.5px;

values: width:220px width: 220px; position: relative;

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help
mw-redirect
Wikipedia:Media help

values:
/wiki/Cadillac_Coupe_de_Ville
mw-redirect
Cadillac Coupe de Ville

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: float:right;clear:right;width:24.2em;font-size:80%;text-align:center;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;padding:0;border-spacing:0

values: 1001 Albums You Must Hear Before You Die

values:
/wiki/In_the_Studio_(radio_show)
mw-redirect
In the Studio (radio show)

values: Edit section: Dispute between Cleveland International and Sony Records

values:
/wiki/Sony_Music_Entertainment
mw-redirect
Sony Music Entertainment

values: United States District Court for the Northern District of Ohio

values: United States Court of Appeals for the Sixth Circuit

values:
tlheader mbox-text
3
text-align:left;background-color:#fff

values:
col
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: wikitable sortable plainrowheaders jquery-tablesorter

attrs: scope data-sort-type class tabindex role title

values:
col
number
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: Australian Recording Industry Association

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
/wiki/Bat_Out_of_Hell_II
mw-redirect
Bat Out of Hell II

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.jimsteinman.com/neverlnd.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.jimsteinman.com/gallery1.htm

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0235298/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://jimsteinman.com/neverland4.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmusic.com/album/r12799

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.projectopus.com/node/4894

values: Recording Industry Association of New Zealand

values:
nofollow
https://www.bpi.co.uk/bpi-awards/
external text

values: The site requires a paid subscription to access this page.

values:
/wiki/Grease_(soundtrack)
mw-redirect
Grease (soundtrack)

values:
Meat_Loaf
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

values: Heaven & Hell (Meat Loaf and Bonnie Tyler album)

values:
/wiki/Bad_Attitude_%E2%80%93_Live!
mw-redirect
Bad Attitude – Live!

values:
/wiki/Nowhere_Fast_(song)
mw-redirect
Nowhere Fast (song)

values: I'd Do Anything for Love (But I Won't Do That)

values: Life Is a Lemon and I Want My Money Back

values: Runnin' for the Red Light (I Gotta Life)

values:
/wiki/Did_I_Say_That%3F
mw-redirect
Did I Say That?

values: nowraplinks vcard collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
Todd_Rundgren
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
/wiki/With_a_Twist...
mw-redirect
With a Twist...

values:
/wiki/Adventures_In_Utopia
mw-redirect
Adventures In Utopia

values: Forever Now (The Psychedelic Furs album)

values: Category:Albums produced by Todd Rundgren

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:CS1 German-language sources (de)

values: Category:Pages containing links to subscription-only content

values: Category:Use mdy dates from January 2018

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:Music infoboxes with deprecated parameters

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Australia

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Canada

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Denmark

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for Germany

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for New Zealand

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for United Kingdom

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for United States

values: Category:Certification Table Entry usages for unsupported region

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values:
/wiki/Bat_Out_of_Hell
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: بات أوت أوف هيل – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-eu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ka
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: 地獄のロック・ライダー – Japanese

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Bat_Out_of_Hell rootpage-Bat_Out_of_Hell skin-vector action-view


text:
Entry point
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For works of art titled "Point of Entry", see Point of Entry (disambiguation).
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
In computer programming, an entry point is where control is transferred from the operating system to a computer program, at which place the processor enters a program or a code fragment and execution begins. In some operating systems or programming languages, the initial entry is not part of the program but of the runtime library, in which case the runtime library initializes the program and then the runtime library enters the program. In other cases, the program may call the runtime library before doing anything when it is entered for the first time, and, after the runtime library returns, the actual code of the program begins to execute. This marks the transition from load time (and dynamic link time, if present) to run time.
In simple layouts, programs begin their execution at the beginning, which is common in scripting languages, simple binary executable formats, and boot loaders. In other cases, the entry point is at some other fixed point, which is some memory address than can be an absolute address or relative address (offset).
Alternatively, execution of a program can begin at a named point, either with a conventional name defined by the programming language or operating system, or at a caller-specified name. In many programming languages, notably C, this named point is a function called main; as a result, the entry point is often called the main function.
Contents
[hide]
1 Usage
1.1 Contemporary
1.2 Historical
2 Exit point
3 Programming languages
3.1 APL
3.2 C and C++
3.3 C#
3.4 Clean
3.5 Common Lisp
3.6 D
3.7 FORTRAN
3.8 GNAT
3.9 Go
3.10 Haskell
3.11 Java
3.12 LOGO
3.13 OCaml
3.14 Pascal
3.15 Perl
3.16 PHP
3.17 Pike
3.18 Python
3.19 QB64
3.20 Ruby
3.21 Visual Basic
3.22 Xojo
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Usage[edit]
Entry points apply both to source code and to executable files. However, in day-to-day software development, programmers specify the entry points only in source code, which makes them much better known. Entry points in executable files depend on the application binary interface (ABI) of the actual operating system, and are generated by the compiler or linker (if not fixed by the ABI). Non-executable object files may also have entry points, which are used later by the linker when generating entry points of an executable file.
Contemporary[edit]
In most of today's popular programming languages and operating systems, a computer program usually only has a single entry point.
In C, C++, D, Rust and Kotlin programs this is a function named main; in Java it is a static method named main (although the class must be specified at the invocation time), and in C# it is a static method named Main.[1][2]
In major operating systems, the standard executable format has a single entry point. In the Executable and Linkable Format (ELF), used in Unix and Unix-like systems such as Linux, the entry point is specified in the e_entry field of the ELF header. In the GNU Compiler Collection (gcc), the entry point used by the linker is the _start symbol. Similarly, in the Portable Executable format, used in Microsoft Windows, the entry point is specified by the AddressOfEntryPoint field, which is inherited from COFF. In COM files, the entry point is at the fixed offset of 0100h.
One notable modern exception to the single-entry-point paradigm is Android. Unlike applications on most other operating systems, Android applications do not have a single entry point – there is no main function, for example. Instead of a single entry point, they have essential components (which include activities and services) which the system can instantiate and run as needed.[3]
An occasionally used technique is the fat binary, which consists of several executables for different targets packaged in a single binary. Most commonly, this is implemented by a single overall entry point, which is compatible with all targets and branches to the target-specific entry point. Alternative techniques include storing separate executables in separate forks, each with its own entry point, which is then selected by the operating system.
Historical[edit]
Historically, and in some contemporary legacy systems, such as VMS and OS/400, computer programs have a multitude of entry points, each corresponding to the different functionalities of the program. The usual way to denote entry points, as used system-wide in VMS and in PL/I and MACRO programs, is to append them at the end of the name of the executable image, delimited by a dollar sign ($), e.g. directory.exe$make.
The Apple I computer also used this to some degree. For example, an alternative entry point in Apple I's BASIC would keep the BASIC program useful when the reset button was accidentally pushed.[clarification needed]
Exit point[edit]
In general, programs can exit at any time in an unstructured way, by returning to the operating system or crashing. Scripting languages typically end by reaching the end of the program, but for binaries the control must return to the operating system or it will simply run off the end of the process's memory, either executing whatever code is there or (in modern operating systems) resulting in a memory access violation and termination by the operating system.
Usually, there is not a single exit point specified in a program. However, in other cases runtimes ensure that programs always terminate in a structured way via a single exit point, which is guaranteed unless the runtime itself crashes; this allows cleanup code to be run, such as atexit handlers. This can be done by either requiring that programs terminate by returning from the main function, by calling a specific exit function, or by the runtime catching exceptions or operating system signals.
Programming languages[edit]
In many programming languages, the main function is where a program starts its execution. It is responsible for the high-level organization of the program's functionality, and typically has access to the command arguments given to the program when it was executed.
The main function is generally the first programmer-written function that runs when a program starts, and is invoked directly from the system-specific initialization contained in the runtime environment (crt0 or equivalent). However, some languages can execute user-written functions before main runs, such as the constructors of C++ global objects.
In other languages, notably scripting languages, execution simply begins at the start of the program.
A non-exhaustive list of programming languages follows, describing their way of defining the main entry point:
APL[edit]
In APL, when a workspace is loaded, the contents of "quad LX" (latent expression) variable is interpreted as an APL expression and executed.
C and C++[edit]
In C and C++, the function prototype of the main function looks like one of the following:
int main(void); int main(); int main(int argc, char **argv); int main(int argc, char *argv[]); int main(int argc, char **argv, char **env); // more specifically in C // NOT according to the ISO C standard 5.1.2.2.1 // BUT in embedded programming depending on the µC, this form is also used void main (void);
The parameters argc, argument count, and argv, argument vector,[4] respectively give the number and values of the program's command-line arguments. The names of argc and argv may be any valid identifier in C, but it is common convention to use these names. In C++, the names are to be taken literally, and the "void" in the parameter list is to be omitted, if strict conformance is desired.[5] Other platform-dependent formats are also allowed by the C and C++ standards, except that in C++ the return type must always be int;[6] for example, Unix (though not POSIX.1) and Windows have a third argument giving the program's environment, otherwise accessible through getenv in stdlib.h:
int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp);
Darwin-based operating systems, such as macOS, have a fourth parameter containing arbitrary OS-supplied information, such as the path to the executing binary:[7]
int main(int argc, char **argv, char **envp, char **apple);
The value returned from the main function becomes the exit status of the process, though the C standard only ascribes specific meaning to two values: EXIT_SUCCESS (traditionally 0) and EXIT_FAILURE. The meaning of other possible return values is implementation-defined. In case a return value is not defined by the programmer, an implicit return 0; at the end of the main() function is inserted by the compiler; this behavior is required by the C++ standard.
It is guaranteed that argc is non-negative and that argv[argc] is a null pointer. By convention, the command-line arguments specified by argc and argv include the name of the program as the first element if argc is greater than 0; if a user types a command of "rm file", the shell will initialise the rm process with argc = 2 and argv = {"rm", "file", NULL}. As argv[0] is the name that processes appear under in ps, top etc., some programs, such as daemons or those running within an interpreter or virtual machine (where argv[0] would be the name of the host executable), may choose to alter their argv to give a more descriptive argv[0], usually by means of the exec system call.
The main() function is special; normally every C and C++ program must define it exactly once.
If declared, main() must be declared as if it has external linkage; it cannot be declared static or inline.
In C++, main() must be in the global namespace (i.e. ::main), cannot be overloaded, and cannot be a member function, although the name is not otherwise reserved, and may be used for member functions, classes, enumerations, or non-member functions in other namespaces. In C++ (unlike C) main() cannot be called recursively and cannot have its address taken.
C#[edit]
When executing a program written in C#, the CLR searches for a static method marked with the .entrypoint IL directive, which takes either no arguments, or a single argument of type string[], and has a return type of void or int, and executes it.[8]
static void Main(); static void Main(string[] args); static int Main(); static int Main(string[] args);
Command-line arguments are passed in args, similar to how it is done in Java. For versions of Main() returning an integer, similar to both C and C++, it is passed back to the environment as the exit status of the process.
Clean[edit]
Clean is a functional programming language based on graph rewriting. The initial node is called Start and is of type *World -> *World if it changes the world or some fixed type if the program only prints the result after reducing Start.
Start :: *World -> *World Start world = startIO ...
Or even simpler
Start :: String Start = "Hello, world!"
One tells the compiler which option to use to generate the executable file.
Common Lisp[edit]
ANSI Common Lisp does not define a main function; instead, the code is read and evaluated from top to bottom in a source file. However, the following code will emulate a main function.
(defun hello-main () (format t "Hello World!~%")) (hello-main)
D[edit]
In D, the function prototype of the main function looks like one of the following:
void main(); void main(string[] args); int main(); int main(string[] args);
Command-line arguments are passed in args, similar to how it is done in C# or Java. For versions of main() returning an integer, similar to both C and C++, it is passed back to the environment as the exit status of the process.
FORTRAN[edit]
FORTRAN does not have a main subroutine or function. Instead a PROGRAM statement as the first line can be used to specify that a program unit is a main program, as shown below. The PROGRAM statement cannot be used for recursive calls.[9]
      PROGRAM HELLO PRINT *, "Cint!" END PROGRAM HELLO
Some versions of Fortran, such as those on the IBM System/360 and successor mainframes, do not support the PROGRAM statement. Many compilers from other software manufacturers will allow a fortran program to be compiled without a PROGRAM statement. In these cases, whatever module that has any non-comment statement where no SUBROUTINE, FUNCTION or BLOCK DATA statement occurs, is considered to be the Main program.
GNAT[edit]
Using GNAT, the programmer is not required to write a function called main; a source file containing a single subprogram can be compiled to an executable. The binder will however create a package ada_main, which will contain and export a C-style main function.
Go[edit]
In Go programming language, program execution starts with the main function of the package main
package main import "fmt" func main() { fmt.Println("Hello, World!") }
There is no way to access arguments or a return code outside of the standard library in Go. These can be accessed via os.Args and os.Exit respectively, both of which are included in the "os" package.
Haskell[edit]
A Haskell program must contain a name called main bound to a value of type IO t, for some type t;[10] which is usually IO (). IO is a monad, which organizes side-effects in terms of purely functional code.[11] The main value represents the side-effects-ful computation done by the program. The result of the computation represented by main is discarded; that is why main usually has type IO (), which indicates that the type of the result of the computation is (), the unit type, which contains no information.
main :: IO() main = putStrLn "Hello, World!"
Command line arguments are not given to main; they must be fetched using another IO action, such as System.Environment.getArgs.
Java[edit]
Java programs start executing at the main method, which has the following method heading:
public static void main(String[] args) public static void main(String... args) public static void main(String args[])
Command-line arguments are passed in args. As in C and C++, the name "main()" is special. Java's main methods do not return a value directly, but one can be passed by using the System.exit() method.
Unlike C, the name of the program is not included in args, because the name of the program is exactly the name of the class that contains the main method called, so it is already known. Also unlike C, the number of arguments need not be included, since arrays in Java have a field that keeps track of how many elements there are.
Another aspect unique to Java is that the main function must be included within a class, and then called manually by the runtime. This is because in Java everything has to be contained within a class. For instance, a hello world program in Java may look like so:
public class HelloWorld { public static void main(String[] args) { System.out.println("Hello, world!"); } }
To run this program, one must call java HelloWorld in the directory where the compiled class file (which itself must be named HelloWorld.class) exists. Alternatively, executable JAR files use a manifest file to specify the entry point in a manner that is filesystem-independent from the user's perspective.
LOGO[edit]
In FMSLogo, the procedures when loaded do not execute. To make them execute, it is necessary to use this code:
to procname
 ...                 ; Startup commands (such as print [Welcome])
end

make "startup [procname]

Note that the variable startup is used for the startup list of actions, but the convention is that this calls another procedure that runs the actions. That procedure may be of any name.
OCaml[edit]
OCaml has no main function. Programs are evaluated from top to bottom.
Command-line arguments are available in an array named Sys.argv and the exit status is 0 by default.
Example:
print_endline "Hello World"
Pascal[edit]
In Pascal, the main procedure is the only unnamed procedure in the program. Because Pascal programs have the procedures and functions in a more rigorous top-down order than C, C++ or Java programs, the main procedure is usually the last procedure in the program. Pascal does not have a special meaning for the name "main" or any similar name.
program Hello(Output); begin writeln('Hello, world!'); end.
Command-line arguments are counted in ParamCount and accessible as strings by ParamStr(n), with n between 0 and ParamCount.
Note that "unit" or "module" based versions of Pascal start the main module with the PROGRAM keyword, while other separately compiled modules start with UNIT (UCSD/Borland) or MODULE (ISO). The unnamed function in modules is often module initialization, and run before the main program starts.
Perl[edit]
In Perl, there is no main function. Statements are executed from top to bottom.
Command-line arguments are available in the special array @ARGV. Unlike C, @ARGV does not contain the name of the program, which is $0.
PHP[edit]
PHP does not have a "main" function. Starting from the first line of a PHP script, any code not encapsulated by a function header is executed as soon as it is seen.
Pike[edit]
In Pike syntax is similar to that of C and C++. The execution begins at main. The "argc" variable keeps the number of arguments passed to the program. The "argv" variable holds the value associated with the arguments passed to the program.
Example:
 int main(int argc, array(string) argv)
Python[edit]
Python programs are evaluated top-to-bottom, as is usual in scripting languages: the entry point is the start of the source code. Since definitions must precede use, programs are typically structured with definitions at the top and the code to execute at the bottom (unindented), similar to code for a one-pass compiler, such as in Pascal.
Alternatively, a program can be structured with an explicit main function containing the code to be executed when a program is executed directly, but which can also be invoked by importing the program as a module and calling the function. This can be done by the following idiom, which relies on the internal variable __name__ being set to __main__ when a program is executed, but not when it is imported as a module (in which case it is instead set to the module name); there are many variants of this structure:[12][13][14]
import sys def main(argv): n = int(argv[1]) print(n + 1) if __name__ == '__main__': sys.exit(main(sys.argv))
In this idiom, the call to the named entry point main is explicit, and the interaction with the operating system (receiving the arguments, calling system exit) are done explicitly by library calls, which are ultimately handled by the Python runtime. This contrast with C, where these are done implicitly by the runtime, based on convention.
QB64[edit]
The QB64 language has no main function, the code that is not within a function, or subrutine is executed first, from top to bottom:
print "Hello World! a ="; a = getInteger(1.8d): print a function getInteger(n as double) getInteger = int(n) end function
Command line arguments (if any) can be read using the COMMAND$ function:
dim shared commandline as string commandline = COMMAND$ 'Several space-separared command line arguments can be read using COMMAND$(n) commandline1 = COMMAND$(2)
Ruby[edit]
In Ruby, there is no distinct main function. The code written without additional "class .. end", "module .. end" enclosures is executed directly, step by step, in context of special "main" object. This object can be referenced using:
irb(main):001:0> self => main
and contain the following properties:
irb(main):002:0> self.class => Object irb(main):003:0> self.class.ancestors => [Object, Kernel, BasicObject]
Methods defined without additional classes/modules are defined as private methods of the "main" object, and, consequently, as private methods of almost any other object in Ruby:
irb(main):004:0> def foo irb(main):005:1> 42 irb(main):006:1> end => nil irb(main):007:0> foo => 42 irb(main):008:0> [].foo NoMethodError: private method `foo' called for []:Array from (irb):8 from /usr/bin/irb:12:in `<main>' irb(main):009:0> false.foo NoMethodError: private method `foo' called for false:FalseClass from (irb):9 from /usr/bin/irb:12:in `<main>'
Number and values of command-line arguments can be determined using the single ARGV constant array:
$ irb /dev/tty foo bar tty(main):001:0> ARGV ARGV => ["foo", "bar"] tty(main):002:0> ARGV.size ARGV.size => 2
Note that first element of ARGV, ARGV[0], contains the first command-line argument, not the name of program executed, as in C. The name of program is available using $0 or $PROGRAM_NAME.[15]
Similar to Python, one could use:
if __FILE__ == $PROGRAM_NAME # Put "main" code here end
Visual Basic[edit]
In Visual Basic, when a project contains no forms, the startup object may be the Main() procedure. The Command$ function can be optionally used to access the argument portion of the command line used to launch the program:
Sub Main() Debug.Print "Hello World!" MsgBox "Arguments if any are: " & Command$ End Sub
Xojo[edit]
In Xojo, there are two different project types, each with a different main entry point. Desktop (GUI) applications start with the App.Open event of the project's Application object. Console applications start with the App.Run event of the project's ConsoleApplication object. In both instances, the main function is automatically generated, and cannot be removed from the project.
See also[edit]
Computer programming portal
Basic block
crt0, a set of execution startup routines linked into a C program
Runtime system
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The main() function". ibm.com. IBM. Retrieved 2014-05-08.
Jump up ^ "Main() and Command-Line Arguments (C# Programming Guide)". Msdn.microsoft.com. Retrieved 2014-05-08.
Jump up ^ "Application Fundamentals". Android Development. linuxtopia.org. Retrieved 2014-02-19.
Jump up ^ argv: the vector term in this variable's name is used in traditional sense to refer to strings.
Jump up ^ Parameter types and names of main
Jump up ^ Section 3.6.1.2, Standard C++ 2011 edition.
Jump up ^ The char *apple Argument Vector
Jump up ^ "Console Applications in .NET, or Teaching a New Dog Old Tricks". Msdn.microsoft.com. 2003-06-12. Retrieved 2013-08-19.
Jump up ^ XL FORTRAN for AIX. Language Reference. Third Edition, 1994. IBM
Jump up ^ "The Haskell 98 Report: Modules". Haskell.org. Retrieved 2013-08-19.
Jump up ^ Some Haskell Misconceptions: Idiomatic Code, Purity, Laziness, and IO — on Haskell's monadic IO>
Jump up ^ Guido van Rossum (May 15, 2003). "Python main() functions", comments
Jump up ^ Code Like a Pythonista: Idiomatic Python—on Python scripts used as modules
Jump up ^ Ned Batchelder (6 June 2003). "Python main() functions".
Jump up ^ Programming Ruby: The Pragmatic Programmer's Guide, Ruby and Its World — on Ruby ARGV
External links[edit]
Hello from a libc-free world! (Part 1), March 16, 2010
How main method works in Java
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Entry_point&oldid=800534720"
Categories:
Control flow
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from February 2014
All articles needing additional references
Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2010
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Deutsch
Español
Français
한국어
Italiano
日本語
Polski
Русский
Edit links
This page was last edited on 14 September 2017, at 03:52.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values:
/wiki/Point_of_Entry_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Point of Entry (disambiguation)

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

attrs: href class

value: b

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
/wiki/Boot_loader
mw-redirect
Boot loader

values:
/wiki/Absolute_address
mw-redirect
Absolute address

values:
/wiki/D_programming_language
mw-redirect
D programming language

values:
/wiki/Rust_programming_language
mw-redirect
Rust programming language

values:
/wiki/Function_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Function (computer science)

values:
/wiki/Static_method
mw-redirect
Static method

values: The text near this tag may need clarification or removal of jargon. (July 2010)

values:
noprint Inline-Template
margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Command-line_argument
mw-redirect
Command-line argument

values:
/wiki/Runtime_environment
mw-redirect
Runtime environment

values:
/wiki/Parameter_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Parameter (computer science)

values:
/wiki/Daemon_(computer_software)
mw-redirect
Daemon (computer software)

values:
/wiki/Exec_(operating_system)
mw-redirect
Exec (operating system)

values:
/wiki/Member_function
mw-redirect
Member function

values:
/wiki/Monads_in_functional_programming
mw-redirect
Monads in functional programming

values:
/wiki/Method_(computer_science)
mw-redirect
Method (computer science)

values:
/wiki/Method_heading
mw-redirect
Method heading

values:
/wiki/Hello_world
mw-redirect
Hello world

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2014

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Wikipedia articles needing clarification from July 2010

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Entry_point
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Аргументы функцыі main (C++) – Belarusian

values: Argc і argv (C++) – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values: Punto de entrada (informática) – Spanish

values: 엔트리 포인트 – Korean

values: エントリーポイント – Japanese

values:
https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingresja
Ingresja – Polish
pl
pl
interlanguage-link-target

values: Точка входа – Russian

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Entry_point rootpage-Entry_point vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Don't throw the baby out with the bathwater is an idiomatic expression for an avoidable error in which something good is eliminated when trying to get rid of something bad, or in other words, rejecting the favorable along with the unfavorable.[1][2][3]
A slightly different explanation suggests this flexible catchphrase has to do with discarding the essential while retaining the superfluous because of excessive zeal.[4] In other words, the idiom is applicable not only when throwing out the baby with the bathwater, but also when someone might throw out the baby and keep the bathwater.[5]
Contents
1 History
2 Alternative expressions
3 Notes
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Earliest record of the phrase from Narrenbeschwörung (Appeal to Fools) by Thomas Murner, 1512
This idiom derives from a German proverb, das Kind mit dem Bade ausschütten. The earliest record of this phrase is in 1512, in Narrenbeschwörung (Appeal to Fools) by Thomas Murner; and this book includes a woodcut illustration showing a woman tossing a baby out with waste water. It is a common catchphrase in German, with examples of its use in work by Martin Luther, Johannes Kepler, Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Otto von Bismarck, Thomas Mann, and Günter Grass.[6][7]
Thomas Carlyle adapted the concept in an 1849 essay on slavery:[7]
And if true, it is important for us, in reference to this Negro Question and some others. The Germans say, "you must empty-out the bathing-tub, but not the baby along with it." Fling-out your dirty water with all zeal, and set it careening down the kennels; but try if you can keep the little child![8]
Carlyle is urging his readers to join in the struggle to end slavery, but he also encourages them to be mindful of the need to try to avoid harming the slaves themselves in the process.[8]
Some claim the phrase originates from a time when the whole household shared the same bath water.[9] The head of household (Lord) would bathe first, followed by the men, then the Lady and the women, then the children, followed lastly by the baby. The water would be so black from dirt a baby could be accidentally "tossed out with the bathwater".[9] Others state there is no historical evidence there is any connection with the practice of several family members using the same bath water, the baby being bathed last.[10]
Alternative expressions[edit]
The meaning and intent of the English idiomatic expression is sometimes presented in different terms.
Throw out the champagne with the cork[11]
Empty the baby out with the bath[12]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Cheng Lim Tan. (2002). Advanced English Idioms for Effective Communication, p. 52.
Jump up ^ "What Does "Throwing the Baby out with the Bath Water" Mean?". Wisegeek.com. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
Jump up ^ Jewell, Elizabeth, ed. (2006). The Pocket Oxford Dictionary and Thesaurus (2nd edition), p. 53.
Jump up ^ The World Book Dictionary,' Vol. 1, p. 146.
Jump up ^ Nichols, James. (1995). Assessment Case Studies: Common Issues in Implementation with Various Campus Approaches to Resolution, p. 16.
Jump up ^ Wilton, David. (2004). Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends, pp. 66-67.
^ Jump up to: a b Quinion, Michael (6 April 2013). "Don't throw the baby out with the bath water". Newsletter. World Wide Words. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Wilton, p. 67.
^ Jump up to: a b Pilkington, Karl; Marchant, Stephen; Gervais, Ricky (May–June 2005). "Explanation, throw the baby out with the bathwater" (Audio). XFM. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Jump up ^ http://mentalfloss.com/article/55503/7-tall-tales-about-life-1500s-and-origins-phrases
Jump up ^ Shaw Bernard and Edwin Wilson. (1961). Shaw on Shakespeare: an Anthology of Bernard Shaw's Writings on Plays and Production of Shakespeare, p. xvii.
Jump up ^ Kirkpatrick, Betty. (1999). Clichés: Over 1500 Phrases Explored and Explained, pp. 180-181, citing George Bernard Shaw's "Parent's and Children" (1914).
References[edit]
Ammer, Christine (1997). Throw out the baby with the bath water. The American Heritage dictionary of idioms. Boston, Massachusetts: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. ISBN 0-395-72774-X. ISBN 978-0-395-72774-4
Cheng Lim Tan. (2002). Advanced English Idioms for Effective Communication. Singapore: Singapore Asian Publications. ISBN 978-981-4122-35-1; OCLC 226051976
Nichols, James. (1995). Assessment Case Studies: Common Issues in Implementation with Various Campus Approaches to Resolution. New York: Agathon Press. ISBN 978-0-87586-112-8; OCLC 33132059
Quinion, Michael (6 April 2013). "Don't throw the baby out with the bath water". Newsletter. World Wide Words. Retrieved 6 April 2013.
Shaw Bernard and Edwin Wilson. (1961). Shaw on Shakespeare: an Anthology of Bernard Shaw's Writings on Plays and Production of Shakespeare. New York: E.F. Dutton. reprinted in 2002 by Applause Theatre & Cinema Books, New York. ISBN 978-1-55783-561-1; OCLC 49690475
Wilton, David. (2004). Word Myths: Debunking Linguistic Urban Legends. New York: Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-517284-3; ISBN 978-0-7394-5593-7; OCLC 54767339
External links[edit]
Look up throw the baby out with the bathwater in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Pilkington, Karl; Merchant, Stephen; Gervais, Ricky (May–June 2005). "Explanation, throw the baby out with the bathwater". XFM. Retrieved November 8, 2013.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Don%27t_throw_the_baby_out_with_the_bathwater&oldid=843702759"
Categories:
English-language idioms
Bathing
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Simple English
Edit links
This page was last edited on 30 May 2018, at 21:53 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: sup

value: p

value: input

attrs: type role id class style

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values: Occasional Discourse on the Negro Question

values:
/wiki/World_Wide_Words
mw-redirect
World Wide Words

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/226051976

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/33132059

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/49690475

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/54767339

values: wiktionary:throw the baby out with the bathwater

values:
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
catlinks mw-normal-catlinks
interface

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Throw out the baby with the bath water – Simple English

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Don_t_throw_the_baby_out_with_the_bathwater rootpage-Don_t_throw_the_baby_out_with_the_bathwater skin-vector action-view