text:
Sebastian (name)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Sebastian
Saint Sebastian is largely responsible for use of this name.
Pronunciation
/səˈbæstʃən/
Spanish: [seβaˈstjan]
Romanian: [sebastiˈan]
Gender
Male
Origin
Word/name
Latin and Greek
Meaning
"from Sebastia", "Augustus"
Other names
Related names
Sebastián, Sébastien, Sebastião, Bastian, Bastien, Bas, Augustus
Sebastian is a given name. It comes from the Latin name Sebastianus meaning "from Sebastia", which was the ancient Greek name (Σεβάστεια) of the city now known as Sivas, located in the central portion of what is now Turkey.[1][2] The name of the city is derived from the Greek word σεβαστός (sebastos), "venerable",[3] which comes from σέβας (sebas), "awe, reverence, dread",[4] in turn from the verb σέβομαι (sebomai), "feel awe, scruple, be ashamed".[5] Sebastos was the Greek translation of the title Augustus, which was used for Roman emperors. Sebastian became a widely used name because it was the name of Saint Sebastian, a third-century Christian martyr.
Saint Sebastian Moses in Ilpendam North-Holland.
The name has been increasing in popularity in different countries. In the United States, it was the 98th most popular name for boys born in 2008. It was the 86th most popular name for boys born in England and Wales in 2007, the 38th most popular name for boys born in Sweden in 2007, the 13th most popular name for boys born in Norway in 2007, the fifth most popular name for boys born in Chile in 2006, and was the 59th most popular name for boys born in New South Wales, Australia in 2007.[6]
Saint Sebastian in Bamberg
Contents
[hide]
1 People
1.1 Given name
1.2 Surname
2 Fictional characters
3 References
People[edit]
Given name[edit]
Sebastian, Danish musician
Sebastian (rapper), brother of Timbaland
Saint Sebastian, a Christian saint martyred in the 3rd century
Sebastian of Portugal (1554–1578), the sixteenth king of Portugal and the Algarves
Infante Sebastian of Portugal and Spain (1811–1875), Infante of Portugal (1811) and Infante of Spain (1824)
Sebastian Akchoté, French musician, also known as SebastiAn
Sebastian Bach, Canadian heavy metal singer, former member of Skid Row
Sebastian Bodu, Romanian politician
Sebastian Cabot (c. 1484–1557, or soon after), originally Sebastiano Caboto, Italian explorer
Sebastian Cabot (1918–1977), British actor
Sebastian Coe, British track and field athlete and Conservative Member of Parliament
Sebastian Colloredo, Italian ski-jumper
Sebastian Dance, British politician
Sebastian Faulks, British author
Sebastian Fülle, German basketball player
Sebastián Francini
Sebastian Horsley, English artist
Sebastian Ingrosso, member of the music group Swedish House Mafia
Sebastian Janikowski, Polish-born American NFL football player
Sebastian Karlsson (singer) (born 1985), Swedish singer
Sebastián Kindelán y Oregón (1763–1836), Spanish colonel of the Spanish Army and governor of East Florida, the Dominican Republic and Cuba
Sébastien Loeb, rally car driver, 9 times world champion
Sebastian Maniscalco, comedian
Sebastian Melmoth, Oscar Wilde's pseudonym during his exile in France
Sebastien Michaelis, French Inquisitor
Sébastien Ogier, rally car driver, 4 times world champion
Sebastian Papaiani, Romanian actor
Sebastian Pasquali, Australian footballer
Sebastián Prieto (born 1975), Argentinian tennis player
Sebastian Roché (born 1964), French actor
Sebastian Rode (born 1990), German football player
Sebastian Sauve
Sebastian Świderski (born 1977), Polish volleyball player
Sebastian Seeman, an Indian Tamil film director and actor
Sebastian Stan (born 1982), Romanian-American actor
Sebastian Telfair, basketball player
Sebastián Vázquez (basketball) (born 1985), Uruguayan basketball player
Sebastian Vettel, Formula One driver, 4 times world champion
Sebastian Wiese (born 1972), German freestyle swimmer
Surname[edit]
Cuthbert Sebastian (1921–2017), Governor-General of St. Kitts and Nevis from 1996 to 2013
Dorothy Sebastian, American silent film actress
Guy Sebastian, winner of the 2003 (first) series of Australian Idol
Joan Sebastian, Mexican pop singer, actor
John Sebastian (1914 − 1980), American classical harmonica player and composer
John Sebastian (born 1944), American songwriter, member of the Lovin' Spoonful
Linus Sebastian, a Canadian YouTube personality, presenter, producer, and founder of Linus Media Group.
Mihail Sebastian, Romanian writer
Robin Sebastian, British actor
Fictional characters[edit]
Sebastian is one of the main characters from William Shakespeare's play Twelfth Night.
Mr. Sebastian, a fictional codebreaker who is the main character in the 1968 film Sebastian
Horatio Thelonious Ignacious Crustaceous Sebastian, a fictional crab featured in the 1989 film The Little Mermaid and related works
Lord Sebastian Flyte, Brideshead Revisited character
Sebastian Michaelis, a demon/butler from the manga and anime Kuroshitsuji, a Black Butler main character
Sebas Tian, the head butler in the anime and light novel Overlord
Sebastian Vael, Prince of Starkhaven in Dragon Age II
Sebastian Hawks from Mike Leighs movie Naked (1993)
Colonel Sebastian Moran, Sherlock Holmes character
Bastian Balthazar Bux, fictional lead in The Neverending Story series
Sebastian Monroe, fictional President in Revolution
Sebastian Smythe, Glee (Warbler character)
Sebastian 'Bash' de Poitiers, a fictional character in Reign
J.F. Sebastian from Blade Runner (1982)
Sebastián Umegido, Mexican footballer
Sebastian Valmont from Cruel Intentions (1999)
Sebastian De Rosa, fictional character in Alien vs. Predator
Sebastian Verlac, from The Mortal Instruments series
Sebastian, the true name of the Narrator from the novel and film Fight Club
Sebastian Kydd, Carrie's love interest in The Carrie Diaries
Sebastian Wilder from La La Land (2016)
Hector Sebastian, fictional writer, who supposedly narrated later episodes of the Three Investigators
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Julia Cresswell (5 November 2007). Naming Your Baby: The Definitive Dictionary of First Names. A&C Black. p. 209. ISBN 978-0-7136-8313-4.
Jump up ^ Davis, J. Madison (1995). The Shakespeare Name and Place Dictionary. Routledge. p. 444. ISBN 978-1-884964-17-6.
Jump up ^ σεβαστός, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
Jump up ^ σέβας, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
Jump up ^ σέβομαι, Henry George Liddell, Robert Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
Jump up ^ Behind the Name
Name list
This page or section lists people that share the same given name or the same family name. If an internal link led you here, you may wish to change that link to point directly to the intended article.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Sebastian_(name)&oldid=846139481"
Categories:
Given names
Surnames
English masculine given names
Romanian masculine given names
Spanish masculine given names
Hidden categories:
Articles with short description
All set index articles
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Brezhoneg
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Íslenska
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Русский
Sicilianu
Slovenščina
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
6 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 16 June 2018, at 16:13.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: tr

attrs: href class

attrs: href title

value: td

attrs: colspan style

value: span

values: Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

values:
/wiki/Latin_language
mw-redirect
Latin language

values:
/wiki/Augustus_(honorific)
mw-redirect
Augustus (honorific)

values:
/wiki/Bastien_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect
Bastien (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Christian_martyr
mw-redirect
Christian martyr

values:
/wiki/Sebastian_(Danish_musician)
mw-redirect
Sebastian (Danish musician)

values:
/wiki/Skid_Row_(U.S._band)
mw-redirect
Skid Row (U.S. band)

values:
/wiki/Sebastian_Melmoth
mw-redirect
Sebastian Melmoth

values:
/wiki/Sebastian_Seeman
mw-redirect
Sebastian Seeman

values: John Sebastian (classical harmonica player)

values:
/wiki/Lovin%27_Spoonful
mw-redirect
Lovin' Spoonful

values:
/wiki/Lord_Sebastian_Flyte
mw-redirect
Lord Sebastian Flyte

values:
/wiki/Sebastian_Michaelis
mw-redirect
Sebastian Michaelis

values:
/wiki/Bastian_Balthazar_Bux
mw-redirect
Bastian Balthazar Bux

values:
/wiki/Bass_Monroe
mw-redirect
Bass Monroe

values:
/wiki/J.F._Sebastian
mw-redirect
J.F. Sebastian

values:
/wiki/Sebastian_Verlac
mw-redirect
Sebastian Verlac

values:
/wiki/Hector_Sebastian
mw-redirect
Hector Sebastian

values: shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux

values:
/wiki/Family_name
mw-redirect
Family name

values: padding: 0.25em 0.4em; font-style: italic;

values: metadata plainlinks dmbox dmbox-setindex

values: Category:Articles with short description

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Sebastian_(name)
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: سيباستيان (اسم) – Arabic

values:
https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Breton
br
br
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Icelandic
is
is
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Norwegian
no
no
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values: Себастьян – Russian

values:
https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vastianu
Vastianu – Sicilian
scn
scn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-scn
display: none;

values:
https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Slovenian
sl
sl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sl
display: none;

values: Себастијан (име) – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sebastian
Sebastian – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Sebastian_name rootpage-Sebastian_name skin-vector action-view


text:
Maggie Peterson
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Maggie Peterson
Bill Dana and Peterson on
The Bill Dana Show (1964)
Background information
Birth name
Margaret Ann Peterson
Born
(1941-01-10) January 10, 1941 (age 77)
Greeley, Colorado, U.S.
Genres
Country music, Bluegrass music
Occupation(s)
Television actress, singer
Years active
1958–present
Labels
Capitol Records
Maggie Peterson Mancuso (born January 10, 1941)[1] is an American television actress. She is best known for playing Charlene Darling on The Andy Griffith Show.[2] She also played the character of Doris in the episode "A Girl for Goober" (1968).
Biography[edit]
The youngest of four children, Peterson was born to Arthur and Tressa Hill Peterson. Her father was a doctor and her mother a homemaker. Aside from The Andy Griffith Show, Peterson also appeared on other TV shows such as Love American Style, Green Acres, Gomer Pyle USMC, and The Odd Couple. She appeared in an episode of Mayberry R.F.D. as Edna, a cafe waitress; in the 1986 movie Return to Mayberry; as the innocent Rose Ellen in the 1969 film The Love God?, starring next to Don Knotts; and in the 1968 film Angel in My Pocket.
Peterson landed a role as Susie, the coffee shop waitress on The Bill Dana Show, another spin-off from The Danny Thomas Show, which aired from September 1963 to January 1965.
Peterson grew up in a musical family. While growing up in Colorado, she has said her earliest memories were of music. Peterson, her brother Jim and two of Jim's friends formed a small group called the Ja-Da Quartet. They would ride around in the back of a pickup truck singing to people.
In 1954 at a Capitol Records convention, Dick Linke (manager of Andy Griffith and Jim Nabors) heard Peterson singing and was so impressed with her, he encouraged her to come to New York. So in 1958 after graduating high school Maggie and the group did just that. They landed a number of stints on the Perry Como Show[citation needed] and the Pat Boone Show,[citation needed] and in 1959 they released their album "It's the Most Happy Sound."[citation needed] Soon after, the band broke up and went back home.
A short time later, Peterson joined another group, The Ernie Mariani Trio (later renamed Margaret Ann and the Ernie Mariani Trio). The group traveled for several years and had stints in resort areas such as Las Vegas, Lake Tahoe and Reno, where Frank Sinatra and the Rat Pack were often seen in the audience while Maggie performed. It was while she was on tour that Maggie was discovered by The Andy Griffith Show director Bob Sweeny and producer Aaron Ruben.
For The Andy Griffith Show, Peterson initially read for the role of love interest for Sheriff Andy Taylor, but the role went to Elinor Donahue (Ellie Walker). Soon after, she was selected to play the role of Charlene Darling. The only daughter of Briscoe Darling, she had a crush on Sheriff Taylor ("Pa, can't I just look at the pretty man?").
The Darlings, including Briscoe's four boys (played by The Dillards bluegrass band), lived in the mountains and came to town on many occasions. When in town, they enjoyed playing music with Andy. One of Charlene's favorite songs is "Salty Dog." The one that made her cry was "Boil that Cabbage Down." Ernest T. Bass had his eyes on Charlene and believed he had courting rights because her marriage to Dud Wash had been performed by Sheriff Andy Taylor acting as a justice of the peace. He tried to steal her away on the day they were to be remarried by a preacher. Threatening the gathering with a high-powered rifle, he runs off with the fully veiled "bride." While Charlene and Dud are hurriedly married by the preacher, Ernest T. discovers the person in the veil is really Barney Fife. Charlene and Dud had a daughter together, Andilina. They tried to betroth Andilina to Opie as it was customary in their family. Briscoe called off the engagement of Opie and Andilina when he discovered there was witchery in the Taylor family.
In 1968, while she was singing as an opening act for Andy Griffith at a casino in Lake Tahoe, Peterson met jazz musician Gus Mancuso who was playing bass in a lounge act. The two married and have been together ever since. The couple spent a number of years in Los Angeles, where Peterson worked doing commercials, until they decided to settle in Las Vegas where Maggie now works as a location scout for film and television.[3]
In April 2008 The Darlings received a star on the Missouri Walk of Fame in Marshfield, Missouri. Peterson and Darlings/Dillards band members Dean Webb and Mitch Jayne were on hand representing The Darlings.
In May 2016 Peterson appeared as the guest of honor at the Mayberry In The Midwest Festival in Danville, Indiana.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Maggie Peterson AKA Margaret Ann Peterson". NNDB.com (Soylent Communications). Archived from the original on October 20, 2015. Retrieved October 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ Tucker, David C. (2010). Lost Laughs of '50S and '60S Television: Thirty Sitcoms That Faded Off Screen. McFarland. p. 17. ISBN 978-0786455829. Retrieved 1 October 2014.
Jump up ^ Day, Patrick Kevin (July 3, 2012). "The residents of Andy Griffith's Mayberry: Where are they now?". Los Angeles Times.
External links[edit]
Maggie Peterson on IMDb (as Maggie Mancuso)
Margaret Ann & the Ja-Da Quartet at AllMusic
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maggie_Peterson&oldid=815373398"
Categories:
1941 births
Living people
American television actresses
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from November 2017
All articles needing additional references
Articles with hCards
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 14 December 2017, at 12:58.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: b

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: i

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: Bill Dana Maggie Peterson Bill Dana Show 1964.JPG

values:
/wiki/Television_actress
mw-redirect
Television actress

values:
/wiki/Love_American_Style
mw-redirect
Love American Style

values:
/wiki/Gomer_Pyle_USMC
mw-redirect
Gomer Pyle USMC

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (November 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Soylent_Communications
mw-redirect
Soylent Communications

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0677291/
external text

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from November 2017

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from November 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Maggie_Peterson
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Maggie_Peterson rootpage-Maggie_Peterson skin-vector action-view


text:
Certificate of origin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A certificate of origin (often abbreviated to C/O or CoO) is a document used in international trade. In a printed form or as an electronic document, it is completed by the exporter and certified by a recognized issuing body, attesting that the goods in a particular export shipment have been produced, manufactured or processed in a particular country. A "Certificate of Origin" is also called a "Form A"
Contents
[hide]
1 Historical background
2 Country of origin
3 Issuance
4 Types of certificates of origin
4.1 Non-preferential and preferential
4.2 Regional declinations
4.3 Electronic certificates of origin
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Historical background[edit]
Certificate of Origin: This coal was recovered from the wreck of R.M.S. Titanic during the 1994 Titanic Research and Recovery Expedition
The first certificate of origin was issued by the Marseille Province Chamber of Commerce at the end of the 19th century[citation needed]. The formalization in the role of chambers of commerce as issuing agencies for certificates of origin (CO) can be traced back to the 1923 Geneva Convention relating to the Simplification of Customs Formalities (Article 11) and has been reinforced with the updated Kyoto Convention.[1]
Under these Conventions, signatory governments were able to allow organizations “which possess the necessary authority and offer the necessary guarantees” to the State to issue certificates of origin. Thus due to the widespread network of the chamber of commerce community, in most countries, chambers of commerce were seen as these organizations allowed to issue certificates of origin. As such, seen as “competent authorities”, chambers began to more widely issue non-preferential certificates of origin.
In 1968, at the Uruguay Round, an agreement was reached on Rules of Origin which led to more transparent regulations and practices regarding rules of origin (RoO).
Later on, in 1999, the Revised Kyoto Convention added an Annex on the Simplification and Harmonization of Customs Procedures to further facilitate the transfer of legal documents in international trade.
By 2008, 350 Free Trade Agreements had been reached with provisions on preferential treatment; 400 Free Trade Agreements are expected by 2012, seeing an expansion on the issuance of preferential certificates of origin[citation needed].
Country of origin[edit]
The origin of the product does not refer to the country where the goods were shipped from but to the country where they were made. In the event the products were manufactured in two or more countries, origin is obtained in the country where the last substantial economically justified working or processing is carried out. An often used practice is that if more than 50% of the cost of producing the goods originates from one country, the "national content" is more than 50%, then, that country is acceptable as the country of origin.[2]
In the case of trading blocs, certificates of origin may be allowed[3] to state the trading bloc (for example, the European Union as origin) rather than a specific country. Determining the origin of a product is important because origin is a key information for applying tariffs, embargo and other trade policies.[1] However, not all exporters need a certificate of origin, this will depend on the destination of the goods, their nature, and it can also depend on the financial institution involved in the export operation.
Issuance[edit]
In order to be valid, the certificate of origin must be signed by the exporter, and countersigned by the local chamber of commerce.[4] For certain (but few) other destination countries, the document has also to be countersigned by a consulate.
The issuance of certificates of origin is not harmonized between the different chambers of commerce. The ICC World Chambers Federation is an international organism trying to establish international certificate of origin guidelines, and to standardize procedures around the world.
Types of certificates of origin[edit]
Non-preferential and preferential[edit]
Non-preferential certificates of origin[1] are the most common type of certificate. These certificates of origin see that goods do not benefit from any preferential treatment and do not emanate from a particular bilateral or multilateral free trade agreement. Chambers that are authorized to issue certificates of origin are most frequently authorized to issue non-preferential certificates of origin.
A preferential certificate of origin is a document attesting that goods in a particular shipment are of a certain origin under the definitions of a particular bilateral or multilateral free trade agreement (FTA).[5] This certificate is required by a country's customs authority in deciding whether the imports should benefit from preferential treatment in accordance with special trading areas or customs unions such as the European Union, ASEAN or the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA) or before anti-dumping taxes are enforced.
The definition of "country of origin" and "preferential origin" are different. The European Union for example generally determines the (non-preferential) origin country by the location of which the last major manufacturing stage took place in the products production (in legal terms: "last substantial transformation"). Whether a product has preferential origin depends on the rules of any particular FTA being applied, these rules can be value based or tariff shift based.
The FTA rules are commonly called "origin protocols". The origin protocols of any given FTA will determine a rule for each manufactured product, based on its nomenclature code (Harmonized Tariff Schedule for example, or HTS). Each and every rule will provide several options to calculate whether the product has preferential origin or not.
A typical value based rule might read: raw materials, imported from countries that are not members of this FTA, used in production do not make up for more than 25% of the Ex-Works value of the finished product. A typical tariff shift rule might read: none of the raw materials, imported from countries that are not members of this FTA, used in production may have the same HTS code as the finished product.
In several countries, customs authorities are delegating the right to issue preferential certificates of origin on their behalf to chambers of commerce. These countries include New Zealand, Australia, Sweden and the United Kingdom.
Regional declinations[edit]
With the multiplication of trading bloc and free trade agreements (FTAs), a multitude of different forms have emerged and are used as certificates of origin in today's international trade.
A European Union certificate of origin, for a cargo loaded in Finland
For example, the European Union accepts the EUR.1 movement certificate as a valid certificate of origin. It is indispensable to fall within the Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) system.[6]
Depending on the exporting and importing countries, as well as the applicable trade regulations, other standard forms such as the Form A,[7] Form B (applicable for the Asia-Pacific Trade Agreement), Form E (for the ASEAN-China Free Trade Area), Form F (for the China-Chile Free Trade Agreement), Form N (for the China-New Zealand Free Trade Agreement), Form X (for the China-Singapore Free Trade Agreement), EUR-MED (for the Pan Euro Med Free Trade Area), ATR.1 (for the trade between the EU and Turkey), US certificate of origin[8] and the NAFTA certificate of origin[9] are also in use.
However, virtually all certificate of origin form use the same template, with fields for the country of origin, the shippers, consignees, transport details, product and quantity, and the issuing body (stamp and signature).
Electronic certificates of origin[edit]
Chambers of commerce issue millions of certificates of origin every year. To keep pace with the shift to e-business and improve their efficiency, so-called "eCO" are being implemented[citation needed].
Increasing concerns about fraud and the need to improve the supply chain security, eCOs are seen as a means not only to facilitate and provide a secure trading environment but also save time, costs and increase transparency[citation needed]. Several eCO platforms have been developed by national and regional chambers of commerce.[10][11][12][13]
See also[edit]
ATA Carnet
Trade facilitation
Customs
Chamber of Commerce
International Trade
EUR.1 movement certificate
References[edit]
General
^ Jump up to: a b c "What is a Certificate of Origin? | Certificates of Origin | Trade Facilitation | Chamber Services | ICC - International Chamber of Commerce". www.iccwbo.org. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "WTO | WTO analytical index: Guide to WTO Law and Practice - Agreement on Rules of Origin". www.wto.org. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "Certificiates of Origin | Trade Facilitation | Chamber Services | ICC - International Chamber of Commerce". www.iccwbo.org. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "http://www.export.gov/%25255C/logistics/eg_main_018121.asp". www.export.gov. Retrieved 2015-06-04. External link in |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Introduction - European Commission". ec.europa.eu. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "Generalised System of Preferences (GSP) - Information for Importers". www.revenue.ie. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "unctad.org | GSP certificate of origin: Form A". unctad.org. Retrieved 2015-06-04.
Jump up ^ "US Certificate of origin | Sample" (PDF). www.ups.com. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
Jump up ^ "UPS | Sample NAFTA Certificate of Origin" (PDF). www.ups.com. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
Jump up ^ "Electronic Certificate of Origin". www.sicc.com.sg. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
Jump up ^ "Certificates of Origin". www.gachamber.com. Archived from the original on 2015-05-16. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
Jump up ^ "Electronic Certificates of Origin". www.greaterphilachamber.com. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
Jump up ^ "Certificates of Origin and Attestations Procedures". www.sharjah.gov.ae. Retrieved 2015-06-05.
External links[edit]
World Chambers Federation
ICC WCF International Certificate of Origin Guidelines
International Chamber of Commerce
World Customs Organization
ITC's Market Access Map, an online database of customs tariffs and market requirements.
US Arab Chamber of Commerce
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Certificate_of_origin&oldid=823608455"
Categories:
Trade policy
Export
Hidden categories:
CS1 errors: external links
Articles needing additional references from June 2015
All articles needing additional references
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Deutsch
فارسی
Français
日本語
Polski
Русский
Türkçe
Tiếng Việt
粵語
中文
4 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 2 February 2018, at 08:26.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Geneva_Convention
mw-redirect
Geneva Convention

values:
/wiki/Chamber_of_Commerce
mw-redirect
Chamber of Commerce

values: Edit section: Types of certificates of origin

values: Edit section: Non-preferential and preferential

values:
/wiki/Free_trade_agreement
mw-redirect
Free trade agreement

values: Certificate of origin (COO) - Satakunta, Finland (EU)

values:
/wiki/Generalised_System_of_Preferences
mw-redirect
Generalised System of Preferences

values: Edit section: Electronic certificates of origin

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.ups.com/media/en/nafta.pdf

values:
nofollow
http://www.iccwbo.org/wcf/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.iccwbo.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.macmap.org/
external text

values:
nofollow
https://www.usarab.com/
external text

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from June 2015

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2015

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Certificate_of_origin
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: شهادة المنشأ – Arabic

values: گواهی مبدأ – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Сертификат происхождения – Russian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Certificate_of_origin rootpage-Certificate_of_origin skin-vector action-view


text:
Cruel and unusual punishment
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Cruel and unusual punishment is a phrase describing punishment that is considered unacceptable due to the suffering, pain, or humiliation it inflicts on the person subjected to it.
There are generally tests that can serve as a guide to what cruel and unusual punishment is according to various legal textbooks in accordance with the law. These are:
overall acceptance in society,
severity (the punishment fits the crime), and
if the punishment is arbitrary.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 United States
2 Capital punishment
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
These exact words were first used in the English Bill of Rights 1689.[1] They were later also adopted in the United States by the Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution (ratified 1791) and in the British Leeward Islands (1798). Very similar words, "No one shall be subjected to torture or to cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment", appear in Article 5 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights adopted by the United Nations General Assembly on December 10, 1948. The right under a different formulation is also found in Article 3 of the European Convention on Human Rights (1950) and in Article 7 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights (1966). The Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms (1982) also contains this fundamental right in section 12 and it is to be found in Article 4 (quoting the European Convention verbatim) of the Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union (2000). It is also found in Article 16 of the Convention against Torture and other Cruel, Inhuman or Degrading Treatment or Punishment (1984), and in Article 40 of the Constitution of Poland (1997).[2] The Constitution of the Marshall Islands, in the sixth section of its Bill of Rights (Article 2), prohibits "cruel and unusual punishment", which it defines as: the death penalty; torture; "inhuman and degrading treatment"; and "excessive fines or deprivations".[3]
United States[edit]
The Eighth Amendment to the United States Constitution states that "cruel and unusual punishments [shall not be] inflicted." The general principles the United States Supreme Court relied on to decide whether or not a particular punishment was cruel and unusual were determined by Justice William Brennan.[4] In Furman v. Georgia, 408 U.S. 238 (1972), Justice Brennan wrote, "There are, then, four principles by which we may determine whether a particular punishment is 'cruel and unusual'."
The "essential predicate" is "that a punishment must not by its severity be degrading to human dignity," especially torture.
"A severe punishment that is obviously inflicted in wholly arbitrary fashion." (Furman v. Georgia temporarily suspended capital punishment for this reason.)
"A severe punishment that is clearly and totally rejected throughout society."
"A severe punishment that is patently unnecessary."
And he added: "The function of these principles, after all, is simply to provide means by which a court can determine whether a challenged punishment comports with human dignity. They are, therefore, interrelated, and, in most cases, it will be their convergence that will justify the conclusion that a punishment is "cruel and unusual." The test, then, will ordinarily be a cumulative one: if a punishment is unusually severe, if there is a strong probability that it is inflicted arbitrarily, if it is substantially rejected by contemporary society, and if there is no reason to believe that it serves any penal purpose more effectively than some less severe punishment, then the continued infliction of that punishment violates the command of the Clause that the State may not inflict inhuman and uncivilized punishments upon those convicted of crimes."
Continuing, he wrote that he expected that no state would pass a law obviously violating any one of these principles, so court decisions regarding the Eighth Amendment would involve a "cumulative" analysis of the implication of each of the four principles. In this way the United States Supreme Court "set the standard that a punishment would be cruel and unusual [,if] it was too severe for the crime, [if] it was arbitrary, if it offended society's sense of justice, or if it was not more effective than a less severe penalty."[5]
Capital punishment[edit]
There is great discussion as to whether capital punishment is cruel and unusual. Common arguments are that capital punishment is more expensive when factoring in appeals versus life in prison, and that the government has been wrong before on death penalty cases (therefore, the government could be wrong again, and the government ought not have the authority to end a life). These two arguments alone may or may not qualify under the tests the government puts forth, which could also be considered arbitrary itself, especially if society is not informed enough on these considerable facts. For most of recorded history, capital punishments were often deliberately painful. Severe historical penalties include the breaking wheel, boiling to death, flaying, disembowelment, crucifixion, impalement, crushing, stoning, execution by burning, dismemberment, sawing, scaphism, slow slicing, or necklacing.[6]
In 2008, Michael Portillo on the show Horizon argued that in ensuring an execution is not of a cruel and unusual nature, the following criteria must be met:
Death should be quick and painless to prevent suffering for the person being executed.
Medical education should be provided to the executioner to prevent suffering caused by error.
The death should not be gory (to prevent suffering for those carrying out the execution).
No co-operation should be required from the person being executed, to prevent inaction, distress, and/or suffering caused by the prisoner being required to participate in his own execution.
The show argued that hypoxia appears to meet the criteria, by way of applying a combination of the gases argon and nitrogen, as the person being executed would not feel any physical pain but would experience a euphoric state. It was further argued that these gases could be applied cheaply and efficiently by restraining the prisoner by way of physical restraints and mask.[7]
See also[edit]
Draco (lawgiver)
Prison rape
Prisoner abuse
Psychological torture
Geneva Conventions
Rape and punishment
Retributive justice
Security of person - an expanded right against less lethal conduct.[8]
Torture
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Britain's unwritten constitution". British Library. Retrieved 27 November 2015. The key landmark is the Bill of Rights (1689), which established the supremacy of Parliament over the Crown.... The Bill of Rights (1689) then settled the primacy of Parliament over the monarch’s prerogatives, providing for the regular meeting of Parliament, free elections to the Commons, free speech in parliamentary debates, and some basic human rights, most famously freedom from ‘cruel or unusual punishment’.
Jump up ^ Constitution of Poland, Chapter 2
Jump up ^ Constitution of the Marshall Islands Archived 2011-01-02 at the Wayback Machine., art.II, s.6
Jump up ^ Palmer, Jr., Louis J. (July 1999). Organ Transplants from Executed Prisoners: An Argument for the Creation of Death Sentence Organ Removal Statutes. Mcfarland & Co Inc Pub. p. 80. ISBN 978-0-7864-0673-9.
Jump up ^ the International Justice Project. "Seminal Cases - Brief Bank & General Resources - the International Justice Project". Archived from the original on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 7 January 2012.
Jump up ^ "The Death Penalty :Revenge Is the Mother of Invention". TIME.com. 24 January 1983.
Jump up ^ "BBC - Horizon - How to Kill a Human Being".
Jump up ^ Rhona K.M. Smith, Textbook on International Human Rights, second edition, Oxford University Press, 2005, p. 245.
External links[edit]
Death Penalty Pros and Cons
[hide]
v
t
e
Substantive human rights
Note: What is considered a human right is controversial and not all the topics listed are universally accepted as human rights.
Civil and political
Cannabis rights
Equality before the law
Freedom from arbitrary arrest and detention
Freedom of assembly
Freedom of association
Freedom from cruel and unusual punishment
Freedom from discrimination
Freedom from exile
Freedom of information
Freedom of movement
Freedom of religion
Freedom from slavery
Freedom of speech
Freedom of thought
Freedom from torture
Legal aid
Liberty
LGBT rights
Nationality
Personhood
Presumption of innocence
Right of asylum
Right to die
Right to a fair trial
Right to family life
Right to keep and bear arms
Right to life
Right to petition
Right to privacy
Right to protest
Right to refuse medical treatment
Right of self-defense
Security of person
Universal suffrage
Economic, social
and cultural
Digital rights
Equal pay for equal work
Fair remuneration
Labor rights
Right to an adequate standard of living
Right to clothing
Right to development
Right to education
Right to food
Right to health
Right to housing
Right to Internet access
Right to property
Right to public participation
Right of reply
Right of return
Right to science and culture
Right to social security
Right to water
Right to work
Trade union membership
Sexual and
reproductive
Abortion
Family planning
Freedom from involuntary female genital mutilation
Intersex human rights
LGBT rights
Reproductive health
Right to sexuality
Violations
Corporal punishment
War and conflict
Civilian
Combatant
Freedom from genocide
Prisoner of war
War rape
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Cruel_and_unusual_punishment&oldid=819332552"
Categories:
Human rights abuses
Penology
Torture
Punishment
Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause case law
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Français
한국어
Simple English
Edit links
This page was last edited on 8 January 2018, at 20:09.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: p

value: li

value: ol

attrs: role tabindex class

values: button 0 togglelink

attrs: class dir xml:lang

values: toctitle ltr en

values: Section Twelve of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms

values:
/wiki/Death_penalty
mw-redirect
Death penalty

values:
/wiki/Excessive_fines
mw-redirect
Excessive fines

values:
/wiki/United_States_Supreme_Court
mw-redirect
United States Supreme Court

values:
/wiki/William_J._Brennan
mw-redirect
William J. Brennan

values: List of United States Supreme Court cases, volume 408

values:
/wiki/Life_in_prison
mw-redirect
Life in prison

values:
/wiki/Boiling_to_death
mw-redirect
Boiling to death

values:
/wiki/Execution_by_burning
mw-redirect
Execution by burning

values:
/wiki/Sawing_(torture)
mw-redirect
Sawing (torture)

values:
/wiki/Slow_slicing
mw-redirect
Slow slicing

values:
/wiki/Horizon_(BBC_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Horizon (BBC TV series)

values:
/wiki/Physical_restraints
mw-redirect
Physical restraints

values:
/wiki/Rape_and_punishment
mw-redirect
Rape and punishment

values: s:Constitution of the Republic of Poland/Chapter 2

values: -moz-column-width: (0em; -webkit-column-width: (0em; column-width: (0em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights

values:
/wiki/Right_to_water
mw-redirect
Right to water

values: Sexual and reproductive health and rights

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Cruel and Unusual Punishment Clause case law

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Cruel_and_unusual_punishment
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: العقاب الشديد وغير العادي – Arabic

values: Peine ou traitement cruel, inhumain ou dégradant – French

values: 잔인하고 비정상적인 형벌 – Korean

values: Cruel and unusual punishment – Simple English

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Cruel_and_unusual_punishment rootpage-Cruel_and_unusual_punishment skin-vector action-view


text:
Interstate 65 in Kentucky
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the section of Interstate 65 in Kentucky. For the entire route, see Interstate 65.
Interstate 65
Route information
Maintained by KYTC
Length:
137.32 mi[1] (221.00 km)
Existed:
1956 – present
Major junctions
South end:
I-65 at Tennessee state line
US 231 in Bowling Green
US 68 in Oakland
Bluegrass Parkway in Elizabethtown
US 62 in Elizabethtown
I-265 in Louisville
I-264 in Louisville
US 60 in Louisville
US 150 in Louisville
I-64 / I-71 in Louisville
North end:
I-65 at Indiana state line
Highway system
Interstate Highway System
Main
Auxiliary
Suffixed
Business
Future
Highways in Kentucky
Interstate
US
State
Parkways
← I-64 KY 66 →
Interstate 65 (I-65) enters the US state of Kentucky 5 miles (8.0 km) south of Franklin. It passes by the major cities of Bowling Green, Elizabethtown, and Louisville before exiting the state.
Contents
[hide]
1 Route description
2 History
3 Exit list
4 Auxiliary routes
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Route description[edit]
Along its 137.32-mile (221.00 km) length in the Bluegrass State,[1] I-65 passes Mammoth Cave National Park, Bernheim Forest, the National Corvette Museum and the Fort Knox Military Reservation before entering the state's largest metropolitan area, Louisville.
It has interchanges with four of the state's parkways. The first of these is with the William H. Natcher Parkway at Bowling Green, followed by the Louie B. Nunn Cumberland Parkway north of that city between Smiths Grove and Park City. At Elizabethtown, it has two more parkway interchanges with the Wendell H. Ford Western Kentucky Parkway and the Martha Layne Collins Bluegrass Parkway.
I-65 also has interchanges with I-265, I-264, and a complex junction with I-64 and I-71 along the south bank of the Ohio River in central Louisville. From there, northbound motorists on I-65 cross into Indiana on the Abraham Lincoln Bridge, while southbound I-65 traffic enters Kentucky from Jeffersonville, Indiana via the John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge.
The widest stretch of I-65 in its entirety is in Louisville, at Kentucky Route 1065 (Outer Loop) where the mainline is 14 lanes wide.
Interstate 65 northbound at the William H. Natcher Parkway in Bowling Green, Kentucky, with Clearview font signage
The highway crosses between the Central and Eastern time zones at the border of Hart and LaRue counties, respectively.
For most of 2016, the Ohio River Bridges Project routed all I-65 traffic onto the Abraham Lincoln Bridge (a six-lane cable-stayed bridge now carrying only northbound traffic) while rebuilding the deck of the 1963 John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge to accommodate six lanes of all-southbound traffic. The project is also completing the rebuild of the Kennedy Interchange just south of both bridges in downtown Louisville.[2] On December 30, 2016, both I-65 bridges began using electronic toll collection (ETC) to charge motorists for their use of this previously toll-free Interstate crossing.[3]
History[edit]
Kentucky Turnpike shield
From July 25, 1954 until June 30, 1975, the portion from the outskirts of Louisville to Elizabethtown was a toll road bearing the Kentucky Turnpike name. It was signed with a distinctive sign featuring a cardinal, the state bird of Kentucky. Unlike most states, Kentucky law requires that tolls be removed when the original construction bonds are paid off. The road was thus the first of the state's extensive system of toll roads to be made free.[4] Unlike the other roads, which maintain their separate names when becoming toll-free, the Kentucky Turnpike signs were removed. It is today almost impossible to find any traces of its former toll status.
On November 15, 2006, the stretch of I-65 from Bowling Green to Louisville was renamed the Abraham Lincoln Memorial Highway.[5]
On February 12, 2007, a bill passed the Kentucky Senate to rename I-65 in Jefferson County the "Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Expressway".[6] Signage was posted July 25, 2007.[7]
On July 15, 2007, Kentucky officially raised its speed limits on Interstate and State Parkway Highways to 70 miles per hour (110 km/h). Until that date, Kentucky was the only state along I-65's path that had a speed limit of 65 mph (105 km/h).[8]
In 2008, Governor Steve Beshear ordered the entire route to be widened to a minimum of six lanes through the entire state. As of 2017, the majority of this project is complete.
In July 2017, the KYTC opened a new interchange of I-65 at mile marker 30 to provide access to the Kentucky Transpark near Bowling Green. The $66.8 million project, which began in 2016, would improve traffic conditions along I-65 and U.S. 31W in northeastern Warren County. The first phase of the project include the new interchange, Exit 30, plus a four-lane connector road going from the interstate to U.S. 68 just east of Bowling Green. [9] The second phase is building a two-lane connector road running from U.S. 68 to U.S. 31W between Bowling Green and Oakland, thus relieving congestion problems on both U.S. routes. This was the first new exit on I-65 since 2002, when the interchange with KY 234 was built to connect downtown Bowling Green from the freeway.
Exit list[edit]
County
Location
mi[10]
km
Exit
Destinations
Notes
Simpson
0.00
0.00 I-65 south – Nashville Continuation into Tennessee

1.980
3.187 2 US 31W (Main Street) – Franklin

5.979
9.622 6 KY 100 (Scottsville Road) – Scottsville, Franklin
Warren
20.568
33.101 20 Natcher Parkway – Owensboro, Bowling Green Natcher Parkway exits 2A-B; signed 20A (south) & 20B (north).
Bowling Green
22.388
36.030 22 US 231 (Scottsville Road) – Scottsville, Bowling Green

25.732
41.412 26 KY 234 (Cemetery Road) – Bowling Green
Bowling Green
28.066
45.168 28 KY 446 to US 31W – Bowling Green Serves National Corvette Museum

30 KY 3145 to US 68 – Bowling Green Serves Kentucky Transpark; exit opened July 6, 2017[11][12]
Oakland
35.631
57.343 36 US 68 (Glasgow Road) / KY 80 – Oakland Northbound exit and southbound entrance
Smiths Grove
37.578
60.476 38 KY 101 (Main Street) to US 68 – Smiths Grove, Scottsville Also serves Nolin River Reservoir
Barren
43.135
69.419 43 Cumberland Parkway – Somerset, Glasgow Cumberland Parkway exit 0
Park City
47.371
76.236 48 KY 255 (Mammoth Cave Parkway) to US 31W – Park City, Brownsville Serves Mammoth Cave National Park
Cave City
52.423
84.367 53 KY 70 (Mammoth Cave Road) / KY 90 – Cave City, Glasgow Serves Mammoth Cave National Park
Hart
57.627
92.742 58 KY 218 (Flint Ridge Road) to KY 335 – Horse Cave
Munfordville
64.200
103.320 65 US 31W (Main Street) – Munfordville

70.407
113.309 71 KY 728 (Bacon Creek Road) – Bonnieville
LaRue Upton
75.896
122.143 76 KY 224 (Upton Talley Road) – Upton
Hardin Sonora
80.457
129.483 81 KY 84 (Western Avenue) to US 31W – Sonora

85.686
137.898 86 KY 222 (Glendale Hodgenville Road) to US 31W – Glendale
Elizabethtown
91.086
146.589 91 US 31W / KY 61 / Western Kentucky Parkway – Hodgenville, Paducah, Elizabethtown Southbound exit to Dixie Avenue, Serves Abraham Lincoln Birthplace National Historical Park; WKP exit 137
93.345
150.224 93 Bluegrass Parkway – Lexington, Bardstown
94.154
151.526 94 US 62 (Mulberry Street) / KY 61 – Elizabethtown

102.533
165.011 102 KY 313 (Joe Prather Highway) – Radcliff, Vine Grove
Bullitt Lebanon Junction
104.698
168.495 105 KY 61 (Preston Highway) – Boston, Lebanon Junction

111.773
179.881 112 KY 245 (Clermont Road) – Bardstown, Clermont
Shepherdsville
115.574
185.998 116 KY 480 (Cedar Grove Road) to KY 61
116.639
187.712 117 KY 44 (4th Street) – Mt. Washington, Shepherdsville

121.722
195.893 121 KY 1526 (John Harper Highway)
Jefferson
125.143
201.398 125 I-265 east (Gene Snyder Freeway) / KY 841 I-265 exit 10; signed as exits 125A (east) & 125B (west) northbound.

126.746
203.978 127 KY 1065 (Outer Loop) – Okolona, Fairdale Southbound split exit (east) and (west)
Louisville
128.328
206.524 128 KY 1747 (Fern Valley Road)
129.802
208.896 130 KY 61 (Preston Highway) / Grade Lane
130.710
210.357 131A I-264 (Watterson Expressway) – Louisville International Airport I-264 exit 12; signed as exits 131A (east) and 131B (west) southbound.
130.792
210.489 131B Kentucky Exposition Center
132.601
213.401 132 KY 1631 (Crittenden Drive) – Kentucky Exposition Center No access back to I-65 Northbound (must use exit 133 from Warnock Street)
132.955
213.970 133
US 60 Alt. (Eastern Parkway) No access from I-65 Southbound to (Eastern Parkway, must use Arthur Street)or back to I-65 northbound (must use Warnock Street for I-65 North)
133.767
215.277 134 KY 61 south (Arthur Street) South end of KY 61 overlap; no northbound exit to Preston Street
133.978
215.617 134A KY 61 north (Preston Street) North end of KY 61 overlap; northbound exit and southbound entrance
134.145
215.885 134B Woodbine Street Northbound exit and southbound entrance
134.675
216.738 135 St. Catherine Street west
135.195–
135.384
217.575–
217.879 136A Chestnut Street, Broadway (US 150) Northbound exit and southbound entrance
135.649
218.306 136B Brook Street Northbound exit and southbound entrance
135.649–
135.919
218.306–
218.740 136C Muhammad Ali Boulevard, Jefferson Street – Downtown Louisville Signed northbound as exit 136C
136.421
219.548 137 I-64 / I-71 north – Lexington, St. Louis, Cincinnati I-64 exit 5; I-71 exit 1
Ohio River
137.318
220.992 John F. Kennedy Memorial Bridge (southbound)
Abraham Lincoln Bridge (northbound)
I-65 continues north into Indiana
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi
Concurrency terminus
Incomplete access
Auxiliary routes[edit]
I-265: Forms three-quarters of a beltway around Metro Louisville. The signage runs from I-65 to I-71 on the northeast side of the Metro. It is cosigned with KY 841 for its entire length and is known as the Gene Snyder Freeway. Construction of the Lewis and Clark Bridge over the Ohio River to connect the Kentucky segment of I-265 with the Indiana segment was completed and opened to traffic on December 18, 2016.
See also[edit]
Kentucky portal
U.S. Roads portal
Ohio River Bridges Project
Roads in Louisville, Kentucky
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Adderly, Kevin (January 27, 2016). "Table 1: Main Routes of the Dwight D. Eisenhower National System of Interstate and Defense Highways as of December 31, 2015". Route Log and Finder List. Federal Highway Administration. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Ohio River Bridges". Ohio River Bridges Project. March 31, 2016. Retrieved March 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ Mitchell, Kyle (December 29, 2016). "Last-minute rush hits RiverLink offices hours before tolling begins". Louisville, KY: WDRB. Retrieved January 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kleber, John E.; Clark, Thomas D.; Harrison, Lowell H.; Klotter, James C., eds. (1992). "Rivers". The Kentucky Encyclopedia. Lexington: The University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-1772-0.
Jump up ^ "Interstate 65". Travel Mammoth Cave National Park: Guide and Map. MobileReference. 2010. ISBN 1-6050-1034-0.
Jump up ^ Gerth, Joseph (February 13, 2007). "Senate OKs renaming I-65 for King". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, KY.
Jump up ^ Shafer, Sheldon S. (July 25, 2007). "Mayor, Democrats back I-65 King plan". The Courier-Journal. Louisville, KY. Retrieved July 30, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Governor Fletcher Signs Speed Limit Bill" (Press release). Commonwealth of Kentucky. March 21, 2007. Retrieved March 22, 2007.
Jump up ^ Sergent, Don (July 5, 2017). "New I-65 exit improves access to Transpark". Bowling Green Daily News. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kentucky Transportation Cabinet (December 22, 2007). "HIS Expanded Milepoint Route Log Extract". Archived from the original on November 9, 2007.
Jump up ^ http://transportation.ky.gov/District-3/Documents/TIR%20July%203-7.pdf
Jump up ^ Doyle, Darren (July 6, 2017). "Grand Opening of New I-65 Exit 30 Held Today At Ky Transpark". EdmonsonVoice.com. Retrieved July 6, 2017.
External links[edit]
Route map: Google
KML file (edit • help)
Display on Google Maps
Template:Attached KML/Interstate 65 in Kentucky
KML is from Wikidata
Media related to Interstate 65 in Kentucky at Wikimedia Commons

Interstate 65
Previous state:
Tennessee Kentucky Next state:
Indiana
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Interstate_65_in_Kentucky&oldid=792029355"
Categories:
Interstate 65
Interstate Highways in Kentucky
Transportation in Louisville, Kentucky
Transportation in Barren County, Kentucky
Transportation in Bullitt County, Kentucky
Transportation in Edmonson County, Kentucky
Transportation in Hardin County, Kentucky
Transportation in Hart County, Kentucky
Transportation in Jefferson County, Kentucky
Transportation in LaRue County, Kentucky
Transportation in Simpson County, Kentucky
Transportation in Warren County, Kentucky
Hidden categories:
Use mdy dates from March 2016
Articles using KML from Wikidata
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 24 July 2017, at 00:54.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: th

values:
/wiki/Interstate_65_(Tennessee)
mw-redirect
Interstate 65 (Tennessee)

values:
/wiki/U.S._Route_68_in_Kentucky
mw-redirect
U.S. Route 68 in Kentucky

values:
/wiki/Oakland,_Warren_County,_Kentucky
mw-redirect
Oakland, Warren County, Kentucky

values:
/wiki/Interstate_265_(Kentucky)
mw-redirect
Interstate 265 (Kentucky)

values:
/wiki/U.S._Route_150_in_Kentucky
mw-redirect
U.S. Route 150 in Kentucky

values:
/wiki/Interstate_64_(Kentucky)
mw-redirect
Interstate 64 (Kentucky)

values:
/wiki/Interstate_71_(Kentucky)
mw-redirect
Interstate 71 (Kentucky)

values: List of business routes of the Interstate Highway System

values: List of primary state highways in Kentucky

values: List of parkways and named highways in Kentucky

values:
/wiki/Bernheim_Forest
mw-redirect
Bernheim Forest

values:
/wiki/Fort_Knox_Military_Reservation
mw-redirect
Fort Knox Military Reservation

values: List of Parkways and named roads in Kentucky

values:
/wiki/Northern_Cardinal
mw-redirect
Northern Cardinal

values:
/wiki/Dr._Martin_Luther_King_Jr.
mw-redirect
Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.

values:
/wiki/U.S._Route_31W_in_Kentucky
mw-redirect
U.S. Route 31W in Kentucky

values:
/wiki/Natcher_Parkway
mw-redirect
Natcher Parkway

values:
1
Incomplete access
background-color:#ffdddd

values: Kentucky Route 480 (page does not exist)

values: Kentucky Route 1526 (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Kentucky_Route_841
mw-redirect
Kentucky Route 841

values: Kentucky Route 1631 (page does not exist)

values: U.S. Route 60 Alternate (Louisville, Kentucky)

values:
1
Concurrency terminus
background-color:#ddffdd

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
/wiki/Roads_in_Louisville,_Kentucky
mw-redirect
Roads in Louisville, Kentucky

values:
nofollow
external text
http://kyinbridges.com

values:
nofollow
http://www.edmonsonvoice.com/
external text

values: border:1px solid #aaa;background-color:#f9f9f9;font-size: 88%; line-height: 1.5em

values: commons:Category:Interstate 65 in Kentucky

values: Category:Interstate Highways in Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Louisville, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Barren County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Bullitt County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Edmonson County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Hardin County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Hart County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Jefferson County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in LaRue County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Simpson County, Kentucky

values: Category:Transportation in Warren County, Kentucky

values: Category:Articles using KML from Wikidata

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Interstate_65_in_Kentucky
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Interstate_65_in_Kentucky rootpage-Interstate_65_in_Kentucky vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view