text:
Spice Girls
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Spice Girls
The Spice Girls performing during their penultimate reunion concert in Toronto, Ontario, in February 2008. (L–R) Melanie Chisholm, Victoria Beckham, Geri Halliwell, Melanie Brown, and Emma Bunton.
Background information
Origin
London, England
Genres
Pop
dance-pop
teen pop
Years active
1994–2000
2007–2008
2012
Labels
Virgin
Website
thespicegirls.com
Past members
Mel "Scary" B
Victoria "Posh" Beckham
Emma "Baby" Bunton
Mel "Sporty" C
Geri "Ginger" Halliwell
The Spice Girls were an English pop girl group formed in 1994. The group originally consisted of Melanie Brown ("Scary Spice"), Melanie Chisholm ("Sporty Spice"), Emma Bunton ("Baby Spice"), Geri Halliwell ("Ginger Spice"), and Victoria Beckham, née Adams ("Posh Spice"). They were signed to Virgin Records and released their debut single "Wannabe" in 1996, which hit number one in 37 countries[1][2] and established them as a global phenomenon. Their debut album Spice sold more than 31 million copies worldwide, becoming the best-selling album by a female group in history.[3][4] Their follow-up album Spiceworld sold over 20 million copies worldwide.[5] The Spice Girls have sold 85 million records worldwide,[6][7][8] making them the best-selling female group of all time, one of the best-selling pop groups of all time,[7][9] and the biggest British pop phenomenon since Beatlemania.[10][11][12] Among the highest profile acts in 1990s British popular culture, Time called them "arguably the most recognisable face" of Cool Britannia, the mid-1990s celebration of youth culture in the UK.[13]
Measures of their success include international record sales, a 2007–2008 reunion tour, unprecedented merchandising, record-breaking achievements, iconic symbolism such as Halliwell's Union Jack dress representing "girl power", and a film, Spice World. The group became one of the most successful marketing engines ever,[14] earning up to $75 million per year,[15] with their global grosses estimated at $500–800 million by May 1998.[14] Under the guidance of their mentor and manager Simon Fuller, the Spice Girls embraced merchandising and became a regular feature of the British and global press. In 1996, Top of the Pops magazine gave each member of the group aliases, which were adopted by the group and media. According to Rolling Stone journalist and biographer David Sinclair, "Scary, Baby, Ginger, Posh and Sporty were the most widely recognised group of individuals since John, Paul, George, and Ringo".[16]:ix With the "girl power" phenomenon, the Spice Girls were popular cultural icons of the 1990s.[17][18] They are cited as part of the 'second wave' 1990s British Invasion of the US.[19]
Contents
[hide]
1 Band history
1.1 1994–96: Formation and early years
1.2 1996–97: Spice and breakthrough
1.3 1997–98: Groundbreaking success, Spiceworld and Halliwell's departure
1.4 1998–2000: Forever and hiatus
1.5 2007–08: Return of the Spice Girls and Greatest Hits
1.6 2010–12: Viva Forever musical and London Olympics
2 Cultural impact and legacy
2.1 Pop music scene
2.2 Girl power
2.3 Cool Britannia
2.4 Fashion trends, image and nicknames
2.5 Commercialisation and celebrity culture
2.6 1990s icons
3 Portrayal in the media
4 Other brand ventures
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Viva Forever: The Musical
4.4 Merchandise and sponsorship deals
5 Career records and achievements
6 In popular culture
7 Discography
8 Concert tours
9 See also
10 Publications
11 References
11.1 Book references
12 External links
Band history
1994–96: Formation and early years
"WANTED: R.U. 18–23 with the ability to sing/dance? R.U. streetwise, outgoing, ambitious, and dedicated? Heart Management Ltd. are a widely successful music industry management consortium currently forming a choreographed, singing/dancing, all-female pop act for a recording deal. Open audition. Danceworks, 16 Balderton Street. Friday 4th March. 11.00am - 5.30pm. Please bring sheet music or backing cassette".[20]
– Advertisement placed on The Stage
In the mid-1990s, family management team Bob and Chris Herbert of Heart Management decided to create a girl group to compete with popular boy bands, such as Take That and East 17, which dominated the pop music scene at the time.[21] In February 1994, together with financier Chic Murphy, they placed an advertisement in the trade magazine The Stage asking for singers to audition for an all-female pop band at Danceworks studios.[21] Approximately 400 women attended the audition, during which they were placed in groups of ten and danced a routine to "Stay" by Eternal, followed by solo auditions in which they were asked to perform songs of their own choosing. After several weeks of deliberation, Victoria Adams, Melanie Brown, Melanie Chisholm and Michelle Stephenson were among twelve women chosen to a second round of auditions in April; Geri Halliwell also attended the second audition, despite missing the first one due to work.[21]
A week after the second audition, the women were asked to attend a recall at Nomis Studios in Shepherds Bush, performing "Signed, Sealed, Delivered" on their own and in a group. During the session, Adams, Brown, Chisholm, Halliwell and Stephenson were selected to the band, initially named Touch.[21] The group moved to a house in Maidenhead, Berkshire, and spent most of 1994 training. During the first two months, they worked on demos at South Hill Park Recording Studios in Bracknell with producer/studio owner Michael Sparkes and songwriter/arranger Tim Hawes. According to Stephenson, the material the group was given was "very, very young pop";[16]:29 one of the songs they recorded, "Sugar and Spice", would be the source of their final band name. They also worked on various dance routines at the Trinity Studios in Knaphill, near Woking, Surrey. A few months into the training period, Stephenson was fired from the group and replaced with Emma Bunton.[22] It was also during this time that Halliwell came up with the band name Spice.[21]
The group felt insecure about the lack of a contract and was frustrated by the direction in which Heart Management was steering them. In October 1994, armed with a catalogue of demos and dance routines, they began touring management agencies. They persuaded Bob Herbert to set up a showcase performance for the group in front of industry writers, producers and A&R men in December 1994 at the Nomis Studios, where they received an "overwhelmingly positive" reaction.[16]:33 Due to the large interest in the group, the Herberts quickly set about creating a binding contract for them. Encouraged by the reaction they had received at the Nomis showcase, all five members delayed signing contracts on the legal advice from, among others, Adams's father.
In March 1995, the group parted from Heart Management due to their frustration with the company's unwillingness to listen to their visions and ideas. To ensure they kept control of their own work, they allegedly stole the master recordings of their discography from the management offices.[16]:34[23] That same day, the group tracked down Sheffield-based producer Eliot Kennedy, who had been present at the showcase, and persuaded him to work with them. They were introduced to record producers Absolute, who in turn brought them to the attention of Simon Fuller of 19 Entertainment, who signed them to his company in March 1995. During the summer of that year, the group toured record labels in London and Los Angeles with Fuller, signing a deal with Virgin Records in September 1995. Their name was changed to Spice Girls, as a rapper was already using the name "Spice".[21] From this point on until the summer of 1996, the group continued to write and record tracks for their debut album while extensively touring the west coast of the United States, where they signed a publishing deal with Windswept Pacific.
1996–97: Spice and breakthrough
Main article: Spice (album)
The group performing "Say You'll be There" at the McLaren party, in 1997.
On 7 July 1996, the Spice Girls released their debut single "Wannabe" in the United Kingdom. In the weeks leading up to the release, the video for "Wannabe" (directed by Swedish commercials director Johan Camitz and shot in April at the Midland Grand Hotel in London), got a trial airing on music channel The Box. The video was an instant hit, and was aired up to seventy times a week at its peak. After the video was released, the Spice Girls had their first live TV slot on broadcast on LWT's Surprise Surprise. The first music press interview appears in Music Week. In July 1996, the group conducted their first interview with Paul Gorman, the contributing editor of music paper Music Week, at Virgin Records' Paris headquarters. His piece recognised that the Spice Girls were about to institute a change in the charts away from Britpop and towards out-and-out pop. He wrote: "JUST WHEN BOYS with guitars threaten to rule pop life – Damon's all over Smash Hits, Ash are big in Big! and Liam can't move for tabloid frenzy – an all-girl, in-yer-face pop group have arrived with enough sass to burst that rockist bubble."[24] The song entered the charts at number three before moving up to number one the following week and staying there for seven weeks. The song proved to be a global hit, hitting number one in 37 countries[1][25] and becoming not only the biggest selling debut single by an all-female group but also the biggest-selling single by an all-female group of all time.[26]
Riding a wave of publicity and hype, the group released their next singles in the UK and Europe; in October "Say You'll Be There" was released topping the charts at number one for two weeks. In December "2 Become 1" was released, becoming their first Christmas number-one and selling 462,000 copies in its first week,[27] making it the fastest selling single of the year. The two tracks continued the group's remarkable sales, giving them three of the top five biggest selling songs of 1996 in the UK.[28] In November 1996, the Spice Girls released their debut album Spice in Europe. The success was unprecedented and drew comparisons to Beatlemania,[12] leading the press to dub it "Spice mania"[29][30][31][32] and the group the "Fab Five".[33][34][35][36] In seven weeks Spice had sold 1.8 million copies in Britain alone,[37] making the Spice Girls the fastest selling British act since the Beatles. In total, the album sold over 3 million copies in Britain,[37] the biggest-selling album of all time in the UK by a female group,[38] certified 10× Platinum,[37] and peaked at number one for fifteen non-consecutive weeks.[39] In Europe the album became the biggest-selling album of 1997 and was certified 8× Platinum by the IFPI for sales in excess of 8 million copies.[40]
"Wannabe"
Spice Girls debut single "Wannabe" is one of the best selling singles of all time, topping the charts in 37 countries and selling over 6 million copies Worldwide.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
That same month the Spice Girls attracted a crowd of 500,000 when they switched on the Christmas lights in Oxford Street, London.[21] At the same time, Simon Fuller started to set up million pound sponsorship deals for the Spice Girls with Pepsi, Walkers, Impulse, Cadbury's and Polaroid.[21] In December 1996, the group won three trophies at the Smash Hits awards at the London Arena, including best video for "Say You'll Be There".[21] In January 1997, the group released "Wannabe" in the United States.[41] The single, written by the Spice Girls, Richard Stannard, and Matt Rowe also proved to be a catalyst in helping the Spice Girls break into the notoriously difficult US market when it debuted on the Hot 100 Chart at number eleven. At the time, this was the highest-ever debut by a non-American act, beating the previous record held by the Beatles for "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and the joint highest entry for a debut act beating Alanis Morissette with "Ironic".[21] "Wannabe" reached number one in the US for four weeks. In February 1997, Spice was released in the US, and became the biggest-selling album of 1997 in the US, peaking at number one, and was certified 7× Platinum by the RIAA[42] for sales in excess of 7.4 million copies.[43] The album is also included in the Top 100 Albums of All Time list of the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA) based on US sales.[44] In total, the album sold over 28 million copies worldwide becoming the biggest-selling album of all-time by an all-female group.[3][45][46]
Later that month, the Spice Girls won two Brit Awards for Best British Video, "Say You'll Be There" and Best British Single for "Wannabe".[21][45] The group performed "Who Do You Think You Are" to open the 1997 Brit Awards, with Geri Halliwell wearing a Union Jack mini-dress that became one of pop history's most famed outfits.[47][48] In March 1997, a double A-side of "Mama"/"Who Do You Think You Are" was released in Europe, the last from Spice, which once again saw them at number one,[49] making the Spice Girls the first group in history since the Jackson 5 to have four consecutive number one hits.[21] Girl Power!, The Spice Girls' first book and manifesto was launched later that month at the Virgin Megastore. It sold out its initial print run of 200,000 copies within a day, and was eventually translated into more than 20 languages. In April, Spice—the Official Video—Vol. 1 was released; it sold 500,000 copies in the UK between April and June to become the best-selling pop video ever.[50][16]:102–103 In May, Spice World was announced by the Spice Girls at the Cannes Film Festival. The group also performed their first live British show, for the Royalty of Great Britain. At the show, they breached royal protocol when Mel B and then Geri Halliwell planted kisses on Prince Charles' cheeks and pinched his bottom, causing controversy.[21] At the Ivor Novello Awards, the group won International Hit of the Year and Best-Selling British Single awards for "Wannabe". In June 1997, Spice World began filming and wrapped in August. In September, the Spice Girls performed "Say You'll Be There" at the 1997 MTV Video Music Awards at Radio City Music Hall in New York City, and won Best Dance Video for "Wannabe".[51] At the 1997 Billboard Music Awards the group won four awards; New Artist of the Year, Hot 100 Singles Group of the Year, Album Group of the Year, and Album of the Year for Spice.[52]
1997–98: Groundbreaking success, Spiceworld and Halliwell's departure
Main article: Spiceworld
In October 1997, the Spice Girls released the first single from Spiceworld, "Spice Up Your Life". It entered the UK Albums Chart at number one on 19 October 1997, making it the group's fifth consecutive number one hit single. That same month, Simon Fuller took the Spice Girls east to perform their first live major concert to 40,000 fans in Istanbul, Turkey. Later, the group launched The Royal British Legion's Poppy Appeal,[53] then travelled to South Africa to meet Nelson Mandela, who announced, "These are my heroes."[54] This was the year when the Spice Girls reached the height of their career. In November, the Spice Girls released their second album, Spiceworld. The album was a global best seller. It set a new record for the fastest-selling album when it shipped seven million copies over the course of two weeks. Gaining favourable reviews,[46] the album went on to sell over 10 million copies in Europe,[55] Canada,[56] and the United States[42] combined, and 20 million copies worldwide.[5] Criticised in the United-States for releasing the album just nine months after their debut there, which gave the group two simultaneous Top 10 albums in the Billboard album charts,[57] and suffering from over-exposure at home,[53] the Spice Girls began to experience a media backlash. The group was criticised for the number of sponsorship deals signed[58]—over twenty in total—and they began to witness diminishing international chart positions. Nevertheless, the Spice Girls remained the biggest-selling pop group of both 1997 and 1998.
On 7 November 1997, the group performed "Spice Up Your Life" in the 1997 MTV Europe Music Awards.[59] After this performance, the Spice Girls made the decision to take over the running of the group themselves, and fired their manager Simon Fuller.[1] The firing was front page news around the world. Many commentators speculated that Fuller had been the true mastermind behind the group, and that this was the moment when the band lost their impetus and direction.[60] Later that month, the Spice Girls became the first pop group to host ITV's An Audience with...;[61] their show was watched by 11.8 million viewers in the UK, one fifth of the population.[16]:148 In December 1997, the second single from Spiceworld, "Too Much", was released, becoming the group's second Christmas number-one and their sixth consecutive number-one single in the UK. The group ended 1997 as the year's most played artist on American radio.[62] At the 1998 American Music Awards on 26 January, the Spice Girls won the awards for Favorite Pop Album, Favorite New Artist, and Favorite Pop Group.[63] In February 1998, they won a special award for overseas success at the 1998 Brit Awards, with combined sales of albums and singles for over of 45 million records worldwide.[64][65] That night, the group performed their next single, "Stop", their first track not to reach number one in Britain (it entered at number two).
"Spice Up Your Life"
"Spice Up Your Life" became the group's fifth consecutive chart-topper, which made them the first act to have its first five singles reach number one in the UK.
Problems playing this file? See media help.
In early 1998, the Spice Girls embarked on the Spiceworld world tour that Fuller had set up for them covering Europe and North America, starting in Dublin, Ireland on 24 February 1998 before moving to mainland Europe, and then returning to Britain for two gigs at Wembley Arena[66] and Twelve gigs at Birmingham's NEC Arena. Recordings were made for a planned live album, but the idea was dropped after Halliwell's later departure. Later that year, the Spice Girls were invited to sing on the official England World Cup song "How Does It Feel (To Be on Top of the World)", the last song recorded with Halliwell until 2007. It was derided by England football fans in favour of a re-release of the Lightning Seeds anthem "Three Lions", which beat it to number one on the singles chart.
On 31 May 1998, Halliwell announced her departure from the Spice Girls. Through her solicitor she stated: "Sadly I would like to confirm that I have left the Spice Girls. This is because of differences between us. I'm sure the group will continue to be successful and I wish them all the best."[67] Halliwell claimed that she was suffering from exhaustion and wanted to take a break. Rumours of a power struggle with Brown as the reason for her departure were circulated by the press.[15][68] Halliwell's departure from the group shocked fans and became one of the biggest entertainment news stories of the year,[69] making news headlines the world over. Halliwell went on to launch an initially successful solo career.
The four remaining members were adamant that the group would carry on and that their approaching North American tour would continue as normal. However, Halliwell's departure threw most of the group's plans into disarray. It also meant that most of the material the group had recorded throughout the first half of 1998 at Dublin's Windmill Lane Studios with longtime collaborators Richard Stannard and Matt Rowe was scrapped. A rumoured animated venture by Disney also failed to materialise.[citation needed]
Halliwell's departure was the subject of a lawsuit by Aprilia World Service B.V. (AWS), a manufacturer of motorcycles and scooters. On 9 March 1998, Halliwell informed the other members of the group of her intention to withdraw from the group, yet the girls signed an agreement with AWS on 24 March and again on 30 April and participated in a commercial photo shoot on 4 May in Milan, eventually concluding a contract with AWS on 6 May 1998. The Court of Appeal of England and Wales held that their conduct constituted a misrepresentation by giving the impression that Halliwell intended to remain part of the group in the foreseeable future, allowing AWS to rescind their contract with the Spice Girls. This is now the leading case in English law on misrepresentation by conduct.[70][71]
"Viva Forever" was the last single released from Spiceworld. The video for the single was made before Halliwell's departure and features the girls in stop-motion animated form, as there was no time to produce a video due to the world tour schedule. Originally planned as a double A-side with "Never Give Up on the Good Times", the idea was mainly as there was no time to re-record and edit out Halliwell's vocals or make a video for the track. The North American tour began in West Palm Beach on 15 June, and grossed $60 million over 40 sold-out performances.[15]
1998–2000: Forever and hiatus
Main article: Forever
The Spice Girls as a four-piece performing "Holler" in Cologne, Germany at the Return of the Spice Girls tour.
While on tour in the United-States, the group continued to record new material and released a new song, "Goodbye", before Christmas in 1998. The song was seen as a tribute to Geri Halliwell, and when it topped the UK Singles Chart it became their third consecutive Christmas number-one – equalling the record previously set by the Beatles.[72] Later in 1998, Bunton and Chisholm appeared at the 1998 MTV Europe Music Awards without their other band members, and the group won two awards: "Best Pop Act" and "Best Group" for a second time.[73] In late 1998, Brown and Adams announced they were both pregnant; Brown was married to dancer Jimmy Gulzer and became known as Mel G for a brief period. She gave birth to daughter Phoenix Chi in February 1999.[74] One month later, Adams gave birth to son Brooklyn, whose father was then Manchester United footballer David Beckham. Later that year, she married Beckham in a highly publicised wedding in Ireland.[75]
The Spice Girls returned to the studio in August 1999, after an eight-month recording break to start work on their third and last studio album. The album's sound was initially more pop-influenced, similar to their first two albums, and included production from Eliot Kennedy.[76] The album's sound took a mature direction when American producers like Rodney Jerkins, Jimmy Jam and Terry Lewis came on to collaborate with the group. In December 1999 they performed live for a UK-only tour, Christmas in Spiceworld, in London and Manchester, also showcasing new songs from the third album.[77] During 1999, the group recorded the character Amneris' song "My Strongest Suit" in Elton John and Tim Rice's Aida, a concept album which would later go on to fuel the musical version of Verdi's Aida. The band performed again at the 2000 Brit Awards, where they received a Lifetime Achievement Award. Despite being at the event, Halliwell did not join her former bandmates on stage.[78] In November 2000, the group released Forever. Sporting a new edgier R&B sound, the album received a lukewarm response from critics.[79]
In the US, the album peaked at number thirty-nine on the Billboard 200 albums chart. In the UK, the album was released the same week as Westlife's Coast to Coast album and the chart battle was widely reported by the media, where Westlife won the battle reaching number one in the UK, leaving the Spice Girls at number two.[80] The lead single from Forever, the double A-side "Holler"/"Let Love Lead the Way", became the group's ninth number one single in the UK.[81] However the song failed to break onto the Billboard Hot 100 singles chart stateside, instead peaking at number seven on the Bubbling Under Hot 100 Singles. "Holler" did peak at number thirty-one on the Hot Dance Music/Club Play chart in 2000. The only major performance of the lead single came at the MTV Europe Music Awards on 16 November 2000.[82] In total, Forever achieved only a fraction of the success of its two best-selling predecessors, selling five million copies.[83] In December 2000, the group unofficially announced that they were beginning an indefinite hiatus and would be concentrating on their solo careers in regards to their foreseeable future, although they pointed out that the group was not splitting.[84]
2007–08: Return of the Spice Girls and Greatest Hits
Main articles: The Return of the Spice Girls and Greatest Hits (Spice Girls album)
The Spice Girls performing "Spice Up Your Life" as the opening number of their Return of the Spice Girls tour, at the Air Canada Centre, in Toronto.
On 28 June 2007, the group held a press conference at The O2 Arena revealing their intention to reunite.[85] The plan to reform had long been speculated by the media,[86] but the group finally confirmed their intention to embark upon a worldwide concert tour, starting in Vancouver on 2 December 2007.[87] Filmmaker Bob Smeaton directed an official documentary on the reunion. It was entitled Spice Girls: Giving You Everything and was first aired on Australia's Fox8 on 16 December 2007,[88] followed by BBC One in the UK, on 31 December.[89] Ticket sales for the first London date of "The Return of the Spice Girls" World Tour sold out in 38 seconds.[90] It was reported that over one million people signed up in the UK alone and over five million worldwide for the ticket ballot on the band's official website.[90] Sixteen additional dates in London were added,[91] all selling out within one minute.[92] In the United States, Las Vegas, Los Angeles and San Jose shows also sold out, prompting additional dates to be added.[93] It was announced that the Spice Girls would be playing dates in Chicago and Detroit (Auburn Hills) and Boston, as well as additional dates in New York to keep up with the demand. On the first concert in Canada, they performed to an audience of 15,000 people, singing twenty songs and changing a total of eight times.[94] Along with the tour sellout, the Spice Girls licensed their name and image to Tesco's UK supermarket chain.[95]
The group's comeback single, "Headlines (Friendship Never Ends)", was announced as the official Children in Need charity single for 2007 and was released 5 November. The first public appearance on stage by the Spice Girls was made at the Kodak Theatre in Hollywood, where the group performed at the Victoria's Secret Fashion Show. They performed two songs, 1998 single "Stop" and the lead single from their greatest hits album, "Headlines (Friendship Never Ends)". The show was filmed by CBS on 15 November 2007 for broadcast on 4 December 2007.[96] They also performed the song live for the BBC Children in Need telethon on 16 November 2007 from Los Angeles, in Roberto Cavalli gowns. The release peaked at number eleven on the UK Singles Chart, making it the group's lowest charting British single to date. However, the album fared better, peaking at number two on the UK Albums Chart. On 1 February 2008, it was announced that due to personal and family commitments their tour would come to an end in Toronto on 26 February 2008, meaning that tour dates in Beijing, Hong Kong, Shanghai, Sydney, Cape Town and Buenos Aires were cancelled.[97] Overall, the tour produced some $107.2 million in ticket sales and merchandising, with sponsorship and ad deals bringing the total to $200 million.[98] In March 2008, the group won the coveted "Icon Awards" at the 95.8 Capital Awards; Bunton and Chisholm collected the award. In June, they captured the Glamour Award for the Best Band; Bunton, Brown and Halliwell received the award at the event. In September, the Spice Girls won the "Best Live Return Award" at the 2008 Live Vodafone Music Awards, beating acts such as Led Zeppelin and the Sex Pistols. Bunton was there to collect the award.[99]
2010–12: Viva Forever musical and London Olympics
The Spice Girls at the Viva Forever: The Musical premiere night, 2012.
In 2010, the group was nominated for a Brit Award in the new category, "Best Performance of the 30th Year" for their 1997 Brit Awards performance of their songs, "Wannabe" and "Who Do You Think You Are". The group later won the award which was received by Halliwell and Brown. The group along with Simon Fuller also teamed with Judy Craymer and Jennifer Saunders to develop a Spice Girls musical, Viva Forever!. Although the group were not in the musical, they influenced the show's cast and production choices in a story which uses the music, similar to ABBA's music in Mamma Mia!.[100]
Two years later, in June 2012, the group reunited for the first time in four years for the press conference in London to promote the launch of Viva Forever: The Musical.[101] The press conference was held at St. Pancras Renaissance London Hotel, the location where the group filmed the music video for "Wannabe", sixteen years earlier, to the day.[16]:75 In August 2012, after much speculation and anticipation from the press and the public, the group performed a medley of "Wannabe" and "Spice Up Your Life" at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony, reuniting solely for the event.[102][103] Their performance received great response from critics and audiences and became the most tweeted moment of the entire Olympics with over 116,000 tweets on Twitter per minute.[104] In December 2012, the group reunited once again for the premiere of Viva Forever: The Musical at the West End's Piccadilly Theatre.[105] In addition to the promotion of the musical, the group appeared in the documentary, Spice Girls' Story: Viva Forever! which aired on 24 December 2012 on ITV1.
On 8 July 2016, Brown, Bunton, and Halliwell unveiled a new website under the name "The Spice Girls - GEM", released a short video celebrating the 20th anniversary of their first single "Wannabe", and teased upcoming news from them as a three piece.[106] Brown later clarified that "GEM" was not a new name for the three-piece, saying "GEM is the name of our website - we’re always going to be Spice Girls. I think people are getting it a bit confused with GEM."[107] Chisholm announced that she opted not to take part in a reunion project, noting "I didn’t make the decision lightly. I did go quite far down the route with the girls. I went to a lot of meetings. But when it came to it, I just didn’t feel it was right in my gut."[108] She added that not taking part in a reunion would allow for her to spend more time with her daughter.[109] Brown reaffirmed Chisholm's position in an interview saying, "Victoria's busy [...] Mel C's doing her own album" and noted that both Beckham and Chisholm gave the three-piece their blessing to continue with the project.[110] However, Chisholm said that things were "awkward" between her and the other girls as a result.[108] On 23 November 2016, a new song, "Song for Her", was leaked online.[111] Following Halliwell's announcement of her pregnancy, the project was cancelled.[112]
Cultural impact and legacy
Pop music scene
The Spice Girls broke onto the music scene at a time when alternative rock, hip-hop and R&B dominated global music charts. The modern pop phenomenon that the Spice Girls created by targeting early members of Generation Y was credited with changing the global music landscape,[113][114][115] bringing about the global wave of late 1990s and early 2000s teen pop acts such as Hanson, Britney Spears, Christina Aguilera and NSYNC.[116][117][118][119]
The Spice Girls have also been credited with paving the way for the girl groups and female pop singers that have come after them.[120][121][122] Robin Antin, creator of international girl groups such as the Pussycat Dolls and G.R.L., said in a 2015 interview, "'We always look to the Spice Girls because they really were the mother ship and they created what girl groups are all about."[123] In the UK, they are credited for their massive commercial breakthrough in the previously male-dominated pop music scene,[122][124] leading to the widespread formation of new girl groups in the late 1990s and early 2000s including All Saints, B*Witched, Atomic Kitten, Girls Aloud and Sugababes, hoping to emulate the Spice Girls’ success.[125][126][127] 21st century girl groups, including the Pussycat Dolls,[123][128] 2NE1,[129] Girls' Generation,[130] Little Mix[131][132] and Fifth Harmony,[133] continue to cite the group as a major source of influence, as have female singers, including Lady Gaga,[134] Jess Glynne,[135] Alexandra Burke,[135] Charli XCX,[136][137] Rita Ora[138] and Carly Rae Jepsen.[139] During her 2005 "Reflections" concert series, Filipina superstar Regine Velasquez performed a medley of Spice Girls songs consisting of "Wannabe", "Say You'll Be There", "2 Become 1", "Who Do You Think You Are" and "Holler", as a tribute to the band she says were a major influence on her music.[140] Danish singer-songwriter MØ decided to pursue music after watching the Spice Girls on TV as a child, saying in a 2014 interview: "I have them and only them to thank—or to blame—for becoming a singer."[141] 15-time Grammy Award-winning singer-songwriter Adele credits the Spice Girls as a major influence in regard to her love and passion for music, stating that "they made me what I am today".[142][143]
Girl power
Main article: Girl power
The phrase "girl power" put a name to a social phenomenon, but the slogan was met with mixed reactions.[144] The phrase was a label for the particular facet of post classical neo-feminist empowerment embraced by the band: that a sensual, feminine appearance and equality between the sexes need not be mutually exclusive. This concept was by no means original in the pop world: both Madonna and Bananarama had employed similar outlooks. The phrase itself had also appeared in a few songs by British girl groups and bands since at least 1987; most notably, it was the name of British pop duo Shampoo's 1996 single and album, later credited by Halliwell as the inspiration for the Spice Girls' mantra.[23][145]
However, it was not until the emergence of the Spice Girls in 1996 with "Wannabe", that the concept of "girl power" exploded onto the common consciousness. The phrase was regularly uttered by all five members—although most closely associated with Halliwell—and was often delivered with a peace sign.[146] The slogan also featured on official Spice Girls merchandise and on some of the outfits the group members wore. The Spice Girls' version was distinctive. Its message of empowerment appealed to young girls, adolescents and adult women,[147][144] and it emphasised the importance of strong and loyal friendship among females.[148][149]
In all, the focused, consistent presentation of "girl power" formed the centrepiece of their appeal as a band.[144][150] Some commentators credit the Spice Girls with reinvigorating mainstream feminism—popularized as "girl power"—in the 1990s,[151][152] with their mantra serving as a gateway to feminism for their young fans.[149][153] On the other hand, some critics dismissed it as no more than a shallow marketing tactic, while others took issue with the emphasis on physical appearance, concerned about the potential impact on self-conscious and/or impressionable youngsters.[147] Regardless, the phrase became a cultural phenomenon,[154] adopted as the mantra for millions of girls[144][149] and even making it into the Oxford English Dictionary.[155] In summation of the concept, author Ryan Dawson said, "The Spice Girls changed British culture enough for Girl Power to now seem completely unremarkable."[12]
The Spice Girls' debut single "Wannabe" has been hailed as an "iconic girl power anthem".[114][156][157] In 2016, the United Nations' Global Goals "#WhatIReallyReallyWant" campaign filmed a global remake of the original music video for "Wannabe" to highlight gender inequality issues faced by women across the world. The video, which was launched on YouTube and ran in movie theatres internationally,[158] featured British girl group M.O, Canadian "viral sensation" Taylor Hatala, Nigerian-British singer Seyi Shay and Bollywood actress Jacqueline Fernandez lip-syncing to the song in various locations around the world.[159] In response to the remake, Beckham said, "How fabulous is it that after 20 years the legacy of the Spice Girls’ girl power is being used to encourage and empower a whole new generation?"[158]
At the 43rd People's Choice Awards in January 2017, American actress Blake Lively dedicated her "Favorite Dramatic Movie Actress" award to "girl power" in her acceptance speech, and credited the Spice Girls, saying: "What was so neat about them was that they’re all so distinctly different, and they were women, and they owned who they were, and that was my first introduction into girl power."[160]
Cool Britannia
Main article: Cool Britannia
Halliwell wearing a replica of her iconic Union Jack dress
The term "Cool Britannia" became prominent in the media and represented the new political and social climate that was emerging with the advances made by New Labour and the new UK Prime Minister Tony Blair. Coming out of a period of 18 years of Conservative government, Tony Blair and New Labour were seen as young, cool and appealing, a driving force in giving Britain a feeling of euphoria and optimism.[161]
Although by no means responsible for the onset of "Cool Britannia", the arrival of the Spice Girls added to the new image and re-branding of Britain, and underlined the growing world popularity of British, rather than American, pop music. This fact was underlined at the 1997 Brit Awards; the group won two awards[162] but it was Halliwell's iconic red, white and blue Union Jack mini-dress that appeared in media coverage around the world, becoming an enduring image of "Cool Britannia".[163][48] In 2016, Time acknowledged the Spice Girls as "arguably the most recognisable face" of "Cool Britannia".[13]
Fashion trends, image and nicknames
The Spice Girls are considered style icons of the 1990s; their image and styles becoming inextricably tied to the band's identity.[164][165][166] They are credited with setting 1990s fashion trends such as Buffalo platform shoes[167] and double bun hairstyles.[168][169] The group have also been noted for the memorable outfits they have worn, the most iconic being Halliwell's Union Jack dress from the 1997 Brit Awards.[170] The dress was sold at a charity auction to the Las Vegas Hard Rock Cafe for £41,320, giving Halliwell the Guinness World Record at that time for the most expensive piece of pop star clothing ever sold.[171][172] Their style has inspired other celebrities including Katy Perry,[173] Charli XCX[174] and Bollywood actress Anushka Ranjan.[175]
The Spice Girls' image was deliberately aimed at young girls, an audience of formidable size and potential. Instrumental to their range of appeal within the target demographic were the bandmates' five divergent personalities and styles, which encouraged fans to identify with one member or another and were a departure from previous bands.[147][176] This marketing of each member's individuality was reinforced by the distinctive nicknames adopted by each member of the group. Their concept of each band member having a distinct style identity has been influential to later teen pop groups such as boy band One Direction.[177][178]
Shortly after "Wannabe"'s release, a lunch with then-editor of Top of the Pops magazine Peter Loraine inadvertently led the Spice Girls to adopt the nicknames that ultimately played a key role in their marketability and the way their international audience identified with them. After the lunch, Loraine and his editorial staff decided to devise nicknames for each member of the group based on their personalities. In an interview with Music Week, Loraine explained that, "In the magazine we used silly language and came up with nicknames all the time so it came naturally to give them names that would be used by the magazine and its readers; it was never meant to be adopted globally." Shortly after using the nicknames in a magazine feature on the group, Loraine received calls from other British media outlets requesting permission to use them, and before long the nicknames were synonymous with the Spice Girls.[179]
Each Spice Girl had a unique, over-the-top style that served as an extension of her public persona, becoming her trademark look.[164][180]
Victoria Beckham: Beckham was called Posh Spice because of her more upper-middle-class background, her choppy brunette bob cut and refined attitude, signature pout, form-fitting designer outfits (often a little black dress) and her love of high-heeled footwear.[164][181]
Melanie Brown: Brown (also called Mel B) was given the nickname Scary Spice because of her "in-your-face" attitude, "loud" Leeds accent, throaty laugh, pierced tongue, bold manner of dress (which often consisted of leopard-print outfits), and her voluminously curly Afro hair.[164][182]
Emma Bunton: Bunton was called Baby Spice because she was the youngest member of the group, wore her long blonde hair in pigtails, wore pastel (particularly pink) babydoll dresses and platform sneakers, had an innocent smile, and had a girly girl personality.[164][183]
Melanie Chisholm: Chisholm (also called Mel C) was called Sporty Spice because she usually wore a tracksuit paired with athletic shoes, wore her long dark hair in a high ponytail, and sported a tough girl attitude as well as tattoos on both of her arms. She also possessed true athletic abilities, her signature being her ability to perform back handsprings.[164][184]
Geri Halliwell: Halliwell was called Ginger Spice because of her "liveliness, zest, and flaming red hair." Her image centred on "glammed-up sex appeal", and she often wore sultry and outrageous stage outfits, as in the iconic Union Jack dress.[164] The eldest member of the group, Halliwell was seen as the de facto leader of the group thanks to her articulate conversational style and business savvy nature.[185][186]
In their one-off reunion at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony, the Spice Girls performed in updated high fashion versions of their signature outfits,[103] after entering the Olympic Stadium in five black cabs which lit up with LED lights, each decorated with their individual trademark emblems, (Posh: sparkling black, Sporty: racing stripes, Scary: leopard print, Baby: pink and Ginger: the Union Jack Flag).
Commercialisation and celebrity culture
At the height of "Spice mania", the group were involved in a prolific marketing phenomenon.[16]:106–113[187][188][189] They advertised for an unprecedented number of brands, becoming the most merchandised group in music history,[190][145] and were a frequent feature of the global press.[188][191]
According to Rolling Stone's David Sinclair, "So great was the daily bombardment of Spice images and Spice product that it quickly became oppressive even to people who were well disposed towards the group."[16]:112 This was even parodied in the video for their song "Spice Up Your Life", which depicts the group going around a futuristic dystopian city in a space ship surrounded by billboards and adverts featuring them. Throughout the American leg of their 1998 Spiceworld world tour, commercials were played on large concert screens before the shows and during intermissions. It was the first time advertising had been used in pop concerts and was met with mixed reactions in the music industry. Nevertheless, it opened up a whole new concert revenue stream, with music industry pundits predicting more acts would follow the Spice Girls' lead.[192][193]
In his analysis of the group's influence on 21st century popular culture two decades after their debut, John Mckie of the BBC noted that while other stars had used brand endorsements in the past, "the Spice brand was the first to propel the success of the band".[147] The Guardian's Sylvia Patterson also wrote of what she called the Spice Girls' true legacy: "[T]hey were the original pioneers of the band as brand, of pop as a ruthless marketing ruse, of the merchandising and sponsorship deals that have dominated commercial pop ever since."[118]
The mainstream media embraced the Spice Girls at the peak of their success. The group received regular international press coverage and were constantly followed by paparazzi.[4][16]:115–116 Paul Gorman of Music Week said of the media interest in the Spice Girls in the late 1990s: "They inaugurated the era of cheesy celebrity obsession which pertains today. There is lineage from them to the Kardashianisation not only of the music industry, but the wider culture."[147] The Irish Independent's Tanya Sweeney agreed that "[t]he vapidity of paparazzi culture could probably be traced back to the Spice Girls' naked ambitions",[150] while Mckie predicted that, "[f]or all that modern stars from Katy Perry to Lionel Messi exploit brand endorsements and attract tabloid coverage, the scale of the Spice Girls' breakthrough in 1996 is unlikely to be repeated—at least not by a music act."[147]
1990s icons
The Spice Girls have been revered as the biggest pop phenomenon of the 1990s[18][47] due to their international record sales, iconic symbolism and "omnipresence" in the late 1990s.[16]:106–113[194][164][188]
At the 2000 Brit Awards, the group received the Outstanding Contribution to Music award to mark their dominance of the global music scene in the 1990s.[195] The iconic symbolism of the Spice Girls in the 1990s is partly attributed to their era-defining outfits,[164] the most notable being the Union Jack dress that Geri Halliwell wore at the 1997 Brit Awards. The dress has achieved iconic status, becoming one of the most prominent symbols of 1990s pop culture.[196] The status of the Spice Girls as 1990s pop icons is also attributed to their vast merchandising and willingness to be a part of a media-driven world.[147] Their unprecedented appearances in adverts and the media solidified the group as a phenomenon—an icon of the decade and for British music.[17][122]
Some sources, especially those in the United Kingdom, revere the Spice Girls as "gay icons".[197][198] In a UK survey of more than 5,000 gay men and women, Victoria Beckham placed 12th and Halliwell placed 43rd in a ranking of the Top 50 gay icons of all time.[199] Halliwell was also the recipient of the Honorary Gay Award at the 2016 Attitude Awards.[200] In a 2005 interview, Emma Bunton attributed their large gay fan base to the group's fun-loving nature, open-mindedness, and their love of fashion and dressing up, concluding that: "I'm so flattered that we've got such a huge gay following, it's amazing."[201]
In 1999, a study conducted by the British Council found that the Spice Girls were the second-best-known Britons internationally—only behind then-Prime Minister Tony Blair—and the best-known Britons in Asia.[202][203] In 2006, ten years after the release of their debut single, the Spice Girls were voted the biggest cultural icons of the 1990s with 80 percent of the votes in a UK poll of 1,000 people carried out for the board game Trivial Pursuit, stating that "Girl Power" defined the decade.[194][204] The Spice Girls also ranked number ten in the E! TV special, The 101 Reasons the '90s Ruled.[205]
Portrayal in the media
The Spice Girls became media icons in Great Britain and a regular feature of the British press.[206][191] During the peak of their worldwide fame in 1997, the paparazzi were constantly seen following them everywhere[4][16]:115–116 to obtain stories and gossip about the group, as a supposed affair between Emma Bunton and manager Simon Fuller, or constant split rumours which became fodder for numerous tabloids.[206][207][208][209] Rumours of in-fighting and conflicts within the group also made headlines, with the rumours suggesting that Geri Halliwell and Melanie Brown in particular were fighting to be the leader of the group.[14] Brown, who later admitted that she used to be a "bitch" to Halliwell, said the problems had stayed in the past.[210] The rumours reached their height when the Spice Girls dismissed their manager Simon Fuller during the power struggles, with Fuller reportedly receiving a £10 million severance cheque to keep quiet about the details of his sacking.[14][208][209] Months later, in May 1998, Halliwell would leave the band amid rumours of a falling out with Brown; the news of Halliwell's departure was covered as a major news story by media around the world,[211] and became one of the biggest entertainment news stories of the year.[69]
In February 1997 at the Brit Awards, Halliwell's Union Jack dress from the Spice Girls' live performance made all the front pages the next day. During the ceremony, Halliwell's breasts were exposed twice, causing controversy.[21] In the same year, nude glamour shots of Halliwell taken earlier in her career were released,[206] causing some scandal.[191] According to the group's official documentary Giving You Everything, the rest of the group had been fully aware of Halliwell's glamour modelling past, but the photos still created friction inside the group when they were published.
The stories of their encounters with other celebrities also became fodder for the press;[206][212] for example, in May 1997, at The Prince's Trust 21st anniversary concert, Mel B and Geri Halliwell breached royal protocol when they planted kisses on Prince Charles's cheeks, leaving it covered with lipstick, and later, Halliwell told him "you're very sexy" and also pinched his bottom.[213] In November, the British Royal Family were considered fans of the Spice Girls, including The Prince of Wales and his sons Prince William and Prince Harry.[214][215][216] That month, South African President Nelson Mandela said: "These are my heroes. This is one of the greatest moments in my life"[217] in an encounter organised by Prince Charles, who said, "It is the second greatest moment in my life, the first time I met them was the greatest".[217] Prince Charles would later send Halliwell a personal letter "with lots of love" when he heard that she had quit the Spice Girls.[213] In 1998 the video game magazine Nintendo Power created The More Annoying Than the Spice Girls Award, adding: "What could possibly have been more annoying in 1997 than the Spice Girls, you ask?"[218]
Victoria Adams started dating football player David Beckham in 1997 after they had met at a charity football match.[219] The couple announced their engagement in 1998[220] and were dubbed "Posh and Becks" by the media.[221]
Other brand ventures
Film
Main article: Spice World (film)
The Spice Girls' bus used in the film Spice World (1997)
In June 1997, the group began filming their movie debut with director Bob Spiers. Meant to accompany the album, the comical style and content of the movie was in the same vein as The Beatles' films in the 1960s such as A Hard Day's Night. The light-hearted comedy, intended to capture the spirit of the Spice Girls, featured a plethora of stars including Roger Moore, Hugh Laurie, Stephen Fry, Elton John, Richard O'Brien, Jennifer Saunders, Richard E. Grant, Elvis Costello, and Meat Loaf.
Released in December 1997, Spiceworld: The Movie proved to be a hit at the box office, breaking the record for the highest-ever weekend debut for Super Bowl Weekend (25 January 1998) in the US, with box office sales of $10,527,222.[222] The movie took in a total of $77 million at the box office worldwide.[14][223] Despite being a commercial success, the film was widely panned by critics; the movie was nominated for seven awards at the 1999 Golden Raspberry Awards where the Spice Girls collectively won the award for "Worst Actress".[224] Since 18 July 2014, The Spice Bus, which was driven by Meat Loaf in the film, is now on permanent display at the Island Harbour Marina on the Isle of Wight, England.[225]
Television
Main article: Spice Girls filmography
The Spice Girls have starred in several television specials, documentaries and commercials since their debut in 1996. They have hosted various television specials. In November 1997, the Spice Girls became the first pop group to host ITV's An Audience with...;[61] their show featured an all-female audience and was watched by 11.8 million viewers in the UK, one fifth of the country's total population.[16]:148 They have also hosted Christmas Eve and Christmas Day Top of the Pops television specials on BBC One.[226][227] Concert specials of their 1997 Girl Power! Live in Istanbul,[228] 1998 Spiceworld Tour[229] and 1999 Christmas in Spiceworld[230] tours were also broadcast in various countries.
The Spice Girls have released at least seven official behind-the-scenes television documentaries, including two tour documentaries and two making-of documentaries for their film Spice World. They have also been the subject of a number of unofficial documentaries, commissioned and produced by individuals independent of the group. These documentaries usually focus on the group's career and their cultural impact. The Spice Girls have had episodes dedicated to them in several music biography series, including VH1's Behind the Music, E! True Hollywood Story, and MTV's BioRhythm. The Spice Girls have appeared and performed in numerous television shows and events. Notable appearances include Saturday Night Live (SNL), The Oprah Winfrey Show, two Royal Variety Performances, and the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony. The group has also starred in television commercials for brands including Pepsi, Polaroid, Walkers Crisps, Impulse and Tesco.
Viva Forever: The Musical
Main article: Viva Forever (musical)
A jukebox musical written by Jennifer Saunders, produced by Judy Craymer and directed by Paul Garrington. Based on the songs of the Spice Girls, the show began previews at the Piccadilly Theatre, London on 27 November 2012 and had its Press Night on 11 December 2012 and features some of the group's biggest hit songs including "Wannabe", "Spice Up Your Life" and the eponymous "Viva Forever".
Merchandise and sponsorship deals
Main article: Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals
In 1997, the Spice Girls were involved in a prolific merchandising phenomenon, becoming the most merchandised group in music history[190] with estimated earnings of over £300 million from their merchandising and endorsement deals that year alone.[231] They negotiated lucrative deals with many brands, including Pepsi, Asda, Cadbury and Target, which led to accusations of "selling out" and overexposure.[58] The group responded to the press' criticisms by launching the music video for "Spice Up Your Life" in which they parody the number of sponsorships they had.
Career records and achievements
Main article: List of awards received by the Spice Girls
As a group, the Spice Girls have received a number of notable awards including five Brit Awards, three American Music Awards, three MTV Europe Music Awards, one MTV Video Music Award and three World Music Awards. In 2000, they received the Brit Award for Outstanding Contribution to the British Music Industry, previous winners include Elton John, The Beatles and Queen. They have sold 85 million records worldwide,[6][8] achieving certified sales of 13 million albums in Europe,[40] 14 million records in the US[42] and 2.4 million in Canada.[56] The group achieved the highest debut for a UK group on the Billboard Hot 100 at number five with "Say You'll Be There". They are also the first British band since The Rolling Stones in 1975 to have two top-ten albums in the US Billboard 200 albums chart at the same time (Spice and Spiceworld).[57] In addition to this, the Spice Girls also achieved the highest ever annual earnings by an all-female group in 1998 with an income of £29.6 million (approximately US$49 million).[232] In 1999, they were ranked sixth in Forbes' inaugural Celebrity 100 Power Ranking.[233]
Cabs carrying the Spice Girls at the 2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony.
They produced a total of nine number one singles in the UK—tied with ABBA behind Take That (eleven), The Shadows (twelve), Madonna (thirteen), Westlife (fourteen), Cliff Richard (fourteen), The Beatles (seventeen) and Elvis Presley (twenty-one). The group had three consecutive Christmas number-one singles in the UK ("2 Become 1", 1996; "Too Much", 1997; "Goodbye", 1998); they only share this record with The Beatles.[234] Their first single, "Wannabe", is the most successful song released by an all-female group.[26][171] Debuting on the US Billboard Hot 100 chart at number eleven, it is also the highest-ever debut by a British band in the US, beating the previous record held by The Beatles for "I Want to Hold Your Hand" and the joint highest entry for a debut act, tying with Alanis Morissette.[21]
Spice is the 18th biggest-selling album of all time in the UK with over 3 million copies sold, and topped the charts for 15 non-consecutive weeks, the most by a female group in the UK.[38] It is also the biggest-selling album of all time by a girl group, with sales of over 28 million copies worldwide.[3][21][45][46] Spiceworld shipped 7 million copies in just two weeks, including 1.4 million in Britain alone—the largest-ever shipment of an album over 14 days.[235] They are also the first act (and so far only female act) to have their first six singles ("Wannabe", "Say You'll Be There", "2 Become 1", "Mama"/"Who Do You Think You Are", "Spice Up Your Life" and "Too Much") make number one on the UK charts. (Their run was broken by "Stop", which peaked at number two in March 1998.)
Spiceworld: The Movie broke the record for the highest-ever weekend debut a film on Super Bowl weekend (25 January 1998) in the US, with box office sales of $10,527,222.[222] Spiceworld: The Movie topped the UK video charts on its first week of release, selling over 55,000 copies on its first day in stores and 270,000 copies in the first week.[236][237] The Return of the Spice Girls Tour was announced as the highest-grossing concert act of 2008, measured as the twelve months ended April 2008.[92] The 17-night sellout stand at London's The O2 Arena was the highest-grossing engagement of the year, netting £16.5 million (US$33 million) for the group and drawing an audience of 256,647, winning the 2008 Billboard Touring Award for Top Boxscore.[238][239] In total, the 47-date tour took in more than $70 million[240] and produced $107.2 million in ticket sales and merchandising.[98]
In popular culture
Numerous notable Spice Girls references and parodies have been made in popular culture.
In February 1997, the "Sugar Lumps", a satirical version of the Spice Girls played by Kathy Burke, Dawn French, Llewella Gideon, Lulu, and Jennifer Saunders, filmed a video for British charity Comic Relief. The video starts with the Sugar Lumps as schoolgirls who really want to become pop stars like the Spice Girls, and ends with them joining the group on stage, while dancing and lip-syncing the song "Who Do You Think You Are".[241] The Sugar Lumps later joined the Spice Girls during their live performance of the song on Comic Relief's telethon Red Nose Day event in March 1997.[242] In January 1998, a fight between animated versions of the Spice Girls and pop band Hanson was the headlining matchup in MTV's claymation parody Celebrity Deathmatch Deathbowl '98 special that aired during the Super Bowl XXXII halftime.[243][244] The episode became the highest-rated special in the network's history and MTV turned the concept into a full-fledged television series soon after.[245] In March 2013, the characters Brittany (Heather Morris), Tina (Jenna Ushkowitz), Marley (Melissa Benoist), Kitty (Becca Tobin) and Unique (Alex Newell) dressed up as the Spice Girls and performed the song "Wannabe" on the 17th episode of the fourth season of Glee.[246] In April 2016, the Italian variety show Laura & Paola on Rai 1 featured the hosts, Grammy Award-winning singer Laura Pausini and actress Paola Cortellesi, and their guests, Francesca Michielin, Margherita Buy and Claudia Gerini, dressed up as the Spice Girls to perform a medley of Spice Girls songs as part of a 20th anniversary tribute to the band.[247][248] In September 2016, in response to reports that the Spice Girls were reforming for a reunion tour without Chisholm and Beckham, The Ellen DeGeneres Show featured a spoof in which host Ellen DeGeneres (as "Basil Spice") and actress Kristen Bell (as "Fresh Garlic Spice") auditioned to be the new members in the band.[249] In December 2016, the episode "Who Needs Josh When You Have a Girl Group?" of the musical comedy-drama series Crazy Ex-Girlfriend featured cast members Rachel Bloom, Gabrielle Ruiz and Vella Lovell performing an original song titled "Friendtopia", a parody of the Spice Girls’ songs and “girl power” philosophy.[250][251]
In the late 1990s, Spice Girls parodies appeared in various American sketch comedy shows including Saturday Night Live (SNL), Mad TV[252] and All That. A January 1998 episode of SNL featured cast members, including guest host Sarah Michelle Gellar, impersonating the Spice Girls for two "An Important Message About ..." sketches.[253] In September 1998, the show once again featured cast members, including guest host Cameron Diaz, impersonating the Spice Girls for a sketch titled "A Message from the Spice Girls".[254][255] Nickelodeon's All That had recurring sketches with the fictional boy band "The Spice Boys", featuring cast members Nick Cannon as "Sweaty Spice", Kenan Thompson as "Spice Cube", Danny Tamberelli as "Hairy Spice", Josh Server as "Mumbly Spice", and a skeleton prop as "Dead Spice".[256]
Parodies of the Spice Girls have also appeared in major advertising campaigns. In 1997, Jack in the Box, an American fast-food chain restaurant, sought to capitalise on "Spice mania" in America by launching a national television campaign using a fictional girl group called the Spicy Crispy Chicks (a take off of the Spice Girls) to promote the new Spicy Crispy Sandwich. The Spicy Crispy Chicks concept was used as a model for another successful advertising campaign called the 'Meaty Cheesy Boys'.[120][257] At the 1998 Association of Independent Commercial Producers (AICP) Show, one of the Spicy Crispy Chicks commercials won the top award for humour.[258] In 2001, prints adverts featuring a parody of the Spice Girls, along with other British music icons consisting of The Beatles, Elton John, Freddie Mercury and The Rolling Stones, were used in the Eurostar national advertising campaign in France. The campaign won the award for Best Outdoor Campaign at the French advertising CDA awards.[259][260] In September 2016, an Apple Music advert premiered during the 68th Primetime Emmy Awards that featured comedian James Corden dressed up as various music icons including all five of the Spice Girls.[261]
Other notable groups of people have been labelled as some variation of a play-on-words on the Spice Girls' name as an allusion to the band. In 1997, the term “Spice Boys” emerged in the British media as a term coined to characterise the “pop star” antics and lifestyles off the pitch of a group of Liverpool F.C. footballers that includes Jamie Redknapp, David James, Steve McManaman, Robbie Fowler and Jason McAteer.[262] The label has stuck with these footballers ever since, with John Scales, one of the so-called Spice Boys, admitting in 2015 that, "We’re the Spice Boys and it’s something we have to accept because it will never change."[263] In the Philippines, the “Spice Boys” tag was given to a group of young Congressmen of the House of Representatives who initiated the impeachment of President Joseph Estrada in 2001.[264][265] The Australian/British string quartet Bond were dubbed by the international press as the "Spice Girls of classical music" during their launch in 2000 due to their “sexy” image and classical crossover music that incorporated elements of pop and dance music. A spokeswoman for the quartet said in response to the comparisons, “In fact, they are much better looking than the Spice Girls. But we don't welcome comparisons. The Bond girls are proper musicians; they have paid their dues.”[266][267] The Women's Tennis Association (WTA) doubles team of Martina Hingis and Anna Kournikova, two-time Grand Slam and two-time WTA Finals Doubles champions, dubbed themselves the "Spice Girls of tennis" in 1999.[268][269] Hingis and Kournikova, along with fellow WTA players Venus and Serena Williams, were also labelled the "Spice Girls of tennis", then later the “Spite Girls”,[270][271] by the media in the late 1990s due to their youthfulness, popularity and brashness.[272]
Wax sculptures of the Spice Girls are currently on display at the famed Madame Tussauds New York wax museum.[273][274] The sculptures of the Spice Girls (sans Halliwell) were first unveiled in December 1999, making them the first pop band to be modelled as a group since the Beatles in 1964 at the time.[275] A sculpture of Halliwell was later made in 2002,[276] and was eventually displayed with the other Spice Girls' sculptures after Halliwell reunited with the band in 2007. Since 2008, "Spiceworld: The Exhibition", a collection of over 5,000 Spice Girls memorabilia and merchandise, has been showcased in museums across the UK, including the Leeds City Museum in 2011,[277] Northampton Museum and Art Gallery in 2012,[278] Tower Museum in 2012,[279] Ripley's Believe It or Not! London and Blackpool museums in 2015[280] and 2016,[281] and the Watford Colosseum in 2016.[167][282] The collection is owned by Liz West, the Guinness World Record holder for the largest collection of Spice Girls memorabilia.[283][284] The Spice Girls themselves have contributed items to the exhibition.[285] "The Spice Girls Exhibition", a collection of over 1,000 Spice Girls items owned by Alan Smith-Allison, was held at the Trakasol Cultural Centre in Limassol Marina, Cyprus in the summer of 2016.[286] "Wannabe 1996-2016: A Spice Girls Art Exhibition", an exhibition of Spice Girls-inspired art, was held at The Ballery in Berlin in 2016 to celebrate the 20th anniversary of the group's debut single, "Wannabe".[287][288]
Discography
Main articles: Spice Girls discography and List of songs recorded by the Spice Girls
Spice (1996)
Spiceworld (1997)
Forever (2000)
Concert tours
Girl Power! Live in Istanbul (1997)
Spiceworld Tour (1998)
Christmas in Spiceworld (1999)
The Return of the Spice Girls (2007–08)
See also
Book: Spice Girls
List of best-selling girl groups
List of best-selling music artists
List of awards received by the Spice Girls
Publications
Girl Power: The Official Book by the Spice Girls, Andre Deutsch Ltd (27 March 1997) ISBN 9780233991658
Real Life : Real Spice: The Official Story by the Spice Girls, Andre Deutsch Ltd (23 October 1997) ISBN 9780233992990
Geri "Ginger Nutter": Official Spice Girls Pocket Books, Andre Deutsch Ltd (23 October 1997) ISBN 9780233993218
Emma "Baby Talking": Official Spice Girls Pocket Books, Andre Deutsch Ltd (23 October 1997) ISBN 9780233993225
Mel C "Tuff Enuff": Official Spice Girls Pocket Books, Andre Deutsch Ltd (23 October 1997) ISBN 9780233993249
Victoria "The High Life": Official Spice Girls Pocket Books, Andre Deutsch Ltd (23 October 1997) ISBN 9780233993256
Mel B "Don't Be Scared": Official Spice Girls Pocket Books, Andre Deutsch Ltd (23 October 1997) ISBN 9780233993232
Spice World The Movie: The Official Book of the Film, Ebury Press (26 November 1997) ISBN 9780091864200
Forever Spice, Little, Brown & Company (4 November 1999) ISBN 9780316853613
References
^ Jump up to: a b c "Simon Fuller: Guiding pop culture". BBC News. 18 June 2003. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
Jump up ^ Jeffrey, Don (8 February 1997). "Girl Power! Spice Girls". Billboard. 109 (6): 5. ISSN 0006-2510.
^ Jump up to: a b c Rigby, Sam (8 July 2016). "Why Spice Girls Wannabe is the catchiest song of all time". BBC. Retrieved 7 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Sickels, Robert C. (8 August 2013). "Fuller, Simon (1960–)". 100 Entertainers Who Changed America, An Encyclopedia of Pop Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 206. ISBN 9781598848311.
^ Jump up to: a b Sinclair, David. The Prefab Five are back. Are you ready?. The Times. 28 June 2007. Archived 30 August 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b "My Life as a Spice Girl: Geri "Ginger Spice" Halliwell (Now Horner) Looks Back at the Beginnings of a Pop Culture Phenomenon". Marie Claire. 12 July 2016. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Jones, Alice (5 December 2012). "Will Spice Girls inspired musical Viva Forever! spice up my life again?". The Independent. London. Retrieved 8 December 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Spice Girls collection mission for Liz West". BBC News. London. 27 January 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2012.
Jump up ^ Thomas, Rebecca (25 April 2012). "TLC's Left Eye Remembered: 10 Years Later". MTV News. Retrieved 23 June 2012.
Jump up ^ "New Spice Girls documentary on BBC One". BBC. 19 October 2007. Retrieved 25 August 2008.
Jump up ^ "1998: Ginger leaves the Spice Girls". BBC. 31 May 1998. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Dawson, Ryan. "Beatlemania and Girl Power: An Anatomy of Fame". Bigger Than Jesus: Essays On Popular Music. University of Cambridge. Archived from original on 28 April 2005. Retrieved 17 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Waxman, Olivia B. (8 July 2016). "An Important Lesson in British History From the Spice Girls". TIME. Retrieved 31 October 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Entertainment Weekly. Benjamin Svetkey. p. 2 & 4 Cover Story: Tour Divorce?. 17 July 1998. Retrieved 24 January 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c Heidi Sherman (2 June 1998). "Ginger Spice's Departure Marks "End of the Beginning"" (DOC). Rolling Stone. Retrieved 26 May 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Sinclair, David (2004). Wannabe: How the Spice Girls Reinvented Pop Fame. Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-8643-6.
^ Jump up to: a b Inness, Sherrie A. (1998). Millennium Girls: Today's Girls Around the World. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 115. ISBN 9780847691371.
^ Jump up to: a b "Spice Girls Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Wong, Sterling (13 April 2011). "Are Adele, Mumford And Sons Sign of a New British Invasion? – Music, Celebrity, Artist News". MTV News. Retrieved 1 September 2011.
Jump up ^ Mashster (25 October 2016). "10 classified ads that launched legendary rock bands!". Medium.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p Spice Girls Official. Timeline. Retrieved 16 March 2009.
Jump up ^ According to Bob Herbert, she was fired because "she just wasn't fitting in... she would never have gelled with it and I had to tell her to go".[16]:30 Stephenson later challenged Herbert's claim, stating that it was her decision to leave due to her mother being diagnosed with breast cancer. Adams later dismissed this claim, saying she "just couldn't be arsed" to put in the work the rest of the group was doing.[16]:31
^ Jump up to: a b "How the Spice Girls Ripped 'Girl Power' from Its Radical Roots". Vice. 5 November 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Gorman, Paul. "Taking On The Britboys: Spice Girls". Music Week. April 1996. Retrieved 11 January 2009.
Jump up ^ McGibbon, Rob (1997). Spice Power: The Inside Story. Macmillan Publishers. pp. 124, 125. ISBN 0752211420.
^ Jump up to: a b MTV News staff (1 October 1997). "Spice Girls, PMS on the Money". MTV News. Retrieved 21 March 2010.
Jump up ^ Myers, Justin (1 December 2016). "Classic Christmas Number 1s: Spice Girls' 2 Become 1". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 6 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Myers, Justin (20 October 2016). "Flashback to 1996: Spice Girls hit Number 1 with Say You'll Be There". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Sun's 1997 "Spice Mania" cover". 9 July 1997. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "20 Alternative Rock Hits Turning 20 in 2017". Billboard. 12 January 2017. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Epstein, Leonora (8 January 2016). "The power of growing up with the Spice Girls". HelloGiggles. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice mania returns for reunion". BBC News. 3 December 2007. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ginger snaps". BBC News. 31 May 1998. Retrieved 21 March 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Fab Five Make Way For The Spice Girls!". New York Daily News. 9 November 1997. Retrieved 21 March 2010.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls fan, 29, spends £10k on shrine to the Fab Five in his bedroom". Metro. 10 February 2014. Retrieved 21 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls get dolled up". CNN. 16 October 1997. Retrieved 21 March 2010.
^ Jump up to: a b c UK Sales certificates database. British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Every Hit. Best-Selling Albums of All Time. UK Database, Spice sold 2.9 million.
Jump up ^ "Little Mix's Glory Days is the longest reigning girl group Number 1 since Spice Girls' debut 20 years ago" UK Official Charts. Retrieved 13 February 2017
^ Jump up to: a b IFPI. European sales certificate for Spice. IFPI. Retrieved 13 February 2017. Archived 6 March 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls Wannabe". lyriczz.com. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c USA sales certificates database. RIAA. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Ask Billboard July 2007. US Spice Girls album sales. Retrieved 13 February 2017. Archived 17 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Gold and Platinum: Top 100 Albums". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved 2 October 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c Spice Girls Win two Brits Pag.3 BBC News, 28 June 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c Wild, David. Spiceworld – Review. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 11 March 2006. Archived 4 March 2010 at the Wayback Machine.
^ Jump up to: a b Spice Girls form The Guardian. Retrieved 18 September 2011
^ Jump up to: a b Alexander, Hilary (19 May 2010). "Online poll announces the top ten most iconic dresses of the past fifty years – Telegraph". fashion.telegraph.co.uk. Retrieved 3 February 2015.
Jump up ^ The Spice Girls; Cripps, Rebecca; & Peachey, Mal (1997). Real Life: Real Spice The Official Story. London: Zone Publishers. ISBN 0-233-99299-5
Jump up ^ Solomons, Mark (20 September 1997). "Newsline: Music Video Shipments". Billboard. 109 (38): 45. ISSN 0006-2510.
Jump up ^ 1997 MTV Video Music Awards MTV. Retrieved 20 September 2011
Jump up ^ "8th Annual Billboard Music Awards Draws A Record Crowd". Billboard. 109 (52): 50. 27 December 1997. ISSN 0006-2510.
^ Jump up to: a b Spice Girls launch poppy appeal. BBC News. 29 October 1997
Jump up ^ Now Mandela swaps political power for girl power. BBC News. 1 November 1997
Jump up ^ IFPI European sales certificate for Spiceworld. IFPI. Retrieved 10 March 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b CRIA Canadian sales certificates database. Canadian Recording Industry Association. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Bronson, Fred (14 February 1998). "Usher Seesaws In The U.S., U.K.". Billboard. 110 (7): 116. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 6 June 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b Biography Channel. Music. The Spice Girls Biography. Archived 14 August 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Spice Girls: scoop MTV Europe best group award
Jump up ^ The man with stars in his eyes The Guardian. Retrieved 18 September 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "30 Years of An Audience With, Episode 1". ITV. 6 July 2010. Archived from the original on 18 July 2010. Retrieved 17 August 2010.
Jump up ^ 'Spiceworld' Album Sales Jump, as Spice Girls' New Pop Vehicle Steadily Gains Velocity. PR Newswire. 20 November 1997. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
Jump up ^ 25th American Music Awards Rock on the Net. Retrieved 27 February 2012
Jump up ^ Stark, David (7 February 1998). "Brits Around the World '98: Brit Publishers are Scoring all over the World". Billboard. Retrieved 25 March 2015.
Jump up ^ BRIT Awards 1998. Best Selling British Album Act: Spice Girls Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Girl Power coming to Wembley. BBC News. 18 September 1998.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Article confirming Geri Halliwell's departure. The British Broadcasting Corporation. 31 May 1998. Retrieved 17 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Rosie Millard (31 May 1998). "Yes, Geri - it's hard to break out when you're cast in plastic". The Independent. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Spice Girls Break-Up Shook Up 1998. Billboard. Retrieved 14 March 2006. Archived 3 November 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Spice Girls Ltd v Aprilia World Service BV [2002] EWCA Civ 15; [2002] EMLR 27 CA.
Jump up ^ McKendrick, Ewan (2010). Contract Law – Text, Cases, Materials, 4th edition. Oxford: Oxford University Press. pp. 588–592. ISBN 978-0-19-957979-2.
Jump up ^ Myers, Justin (20 December 2013). "Official Charts Flashback 1998: Spice Girls – Goodbye". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 22 December 2013.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Entertainment: Spice Girls take MTV crown. Chisholm shouted:"We've done it again".
Jump up ^ Steve Dougherty (27 November 2000). "Bitter Season". People. Retrieved 9 July 2012.
Jump up ^ "David and Victoria tie the knot". BBC News. 5 July 1999. Retrieved 19 December 2007.
Jump up ^ Beech, Richard (13 February 2015). "Spice Girls producer was duped into leaking songs by fraudster now selling them for £10,000 EACH". Mirror. Retrieved 26 August 2015.
Jump up ^ In brief | UK news | The Guardian
Jump up ^ Kennedy, Maev (3 March 2000). Spice Girls win lifetime achievement award. The Guardian. Retrieved 30 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Hunter, James. Forever – Review. Rolling Stone. Retrieved 11 March 2006. Archived 7 August 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Westlife triumph in album battle". BBC News. 13 November 2000. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls make pop history". BBC News. 29 October 2000. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "2014 MTV EMA nominations: Top 10 most memorable EMA moments". Nottingham Post. 18 September 2014. Archived from the original on 9 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Griffe David and Victoria Beckham: Carreira com as Spice Girls (Portuguese). Perfumes – A Moda Invisível. Retrieved 2014-01-05.
Jump up ^ Spice Girls dismiss comeback plan BBC. Retrieved 18 September 2011
Jump up ^ Statement regarding Spice Girls' future from 19 Entertainment[dead link] The Washington Post, 22 June 2007. Retrieved 4 December 2007.
Jump up ^ Finn, Natalie. 'A Well Seasoned Rumour E! Online, 8 June 2007.
Jump up ^ ""Spice Girls" home page (including announcement)". TheSpiceGirls.com. Archived from the original on 17 July 2011. Retrieved 28 June 2007.
Jump up ^ DailyTelegraph (14 December 2007). "Spice impersonators hit OZ". Herald Sun. Retrieved 30 December 2007.
Jump up ^ New Spice Girls documentary on BBC One on 31 December. BBC Press Office. Retrieved 4 December 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b BBC News. Fans snap up Spice Girls tickets. BBC. Retrieved 14 October 2007.
Jump up ^ Spice Girls add more dates to tour. The Press Association. Retrieved 18 November 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b Randall, David K. (11 August 2008). "Spice Girls, Prince Rake in Concert Cash". ABC News. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Spice Girls add new London dates. BBC. Retrieved 18 November 2007.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls wow Canada in first of reunion concerts". The Times. 3 December 2007. Archived from the original on 30 May 2010. Retrieved 15 December 2007.
Jump up ^ Levy, Megan. Spice Girls front Tesco advertising campaign. The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 17 November 2007.
Jump up ^ Sage, Alexandria. Spice Girls strut down Victoria's Secret runway. Yahoo News. 16 November 2007. Retrieved 5 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls cut short world tour". BBC News. Retrieved 2 February 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Olson, Catherine Applefeld (24 May 2008). "The Spice Of Road Life". Billboard. 120 (21): 48. ISSN 0006-2510. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
Jump up ^ Irvine, Chris (19 September 2008). "Spice Girls beat Led Zeppelin to win Vodafone music award for reunion of the year". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 22 May 2013.
Jump up ^ Hoyle, Ben (22 January 2010). "Viva Forever Mamma Mia creator creates Spice Girls musical". The Times. London. Retrieved 23 May 2010.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls unveil West End show". BBC. Retrieved 26 June 2012
Jump up ^ Gulino, Joey (13 August 2012). "Spice Girl stands out during Olympic Closing Ceremony reunion". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Spice Girls Reunite For 2012 London Olympics Closing Ceremony in Style". MTV News. 12 August 2012. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls break Tweets-per-minute record at #London2012". oursocialtimes.com. 22 January 2013. Retrieved 28 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls reunite at musical Viva Forever premiere – Telegraph". The Daily Telegraph. 12 December 2012. Retrieved 22 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "spicegirlsgem.com".
Jump up ^ Shenton, Zoe (12 July 2016). "Mel B says Spice Girls haven't changed name to GEM as she discusses reunion". Mirror. Retrieved 16 August 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "I was so depressed as a Spice Girl that not even £2m can tempt me back': Mel C on how life as Sporty Spice brought on eating disorders misery". Daily Mail. 17 September 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
Jump up ^ Mel C confesses why she refused to join the Spice Girls reunion band GEM | Daily Mail Online
Jump up ^ "Mel B Addresses Spice Girls Reunion Rumors". YouTube. 8 September 2016. Retrieved 18 September 2016.
Jump up ^ Harp, Justin (23 November 2016). "The Spice Girls GEM reunion song 'Song For Her' just leaked". Digital Spy. Retrieved 29 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls 2017 reunion 'axed after Geri pulls out to focus on family'". Mirror. 14 January 2017. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Myers, Justin (5 July 2016). "Spice Girls' Wannabe was Number 1 20 years ago today". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Here's the story, from A to Z: how the Spice Girls made Wannabe". The Telegraph. 8 July 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Campbell, Chuck (19 February 1997). "Britain's Spice Girls come to the rescue of ailing pop scene with the release of "Spice"". Star-News. Retrieved 6 March 2010.
Jump up ^ "Teen Pop". AllMusic. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Teen Pop". About.com. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Patterson, Sylvia (4 July 2016). "The 1990s were the best of times … until the Spice Girls ruined everything". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Unterberger, Andrew (4 March 2015). "Top 10 Most Iconic Girl Group Music Videos: 'Waterfalls,' 'Wannabe' & More". Billboard. Retrieved 2 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Rankin, Seija (8 July 2016). "The Spice Girls' "Wannabe" Turns 20 Today: 20 Ways It Changed Pop Culture Forever". EOnline. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Uproxx music (27 February 2017). "How The Spice Girls’ Legacy Of ‘Girl Power’ Paved The Way For Women To Dominate Pop". Uproxx. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Joshi, Tara (9 July 2016). "The Spice Girls Saved 90s Pop from Boring Male-Dominated Death". Vice. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Parry, Ryan; Patterson, Emma (5 August 2015). "EXCLUSIVE: Don't cha wish they'd get back together? They will! Pussycat Dolls' creator says original line-up is preparing for the biggest reunion since the Spice Girls". Daily Mail. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ O'Hagan, Sean (2 May 2004). "The 50 moments that shaped pop history". The Guardian. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Sullivan, Caroline (5 July 2000). "No more girl power". The Guardian. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Bond, Nick (9 July 2014). "As Wannabe turns 18, here are 18 things you never knew about the Spice Girls". News.com.au. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "The greatest ever girl bands in all of music history". Irish Independent. 26 September 2014. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Interview – The Pussycat Dolls". musicOMH. 3 August 2005. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "2NE1 BRINGING K-POP 'GIRL POWER' STATESIDE WITH WILL.I.AM-ASSISTED DEBUT". MTV News. 17 October 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Girls' Generation's K-pop reign". Dazed. 28 March 2014. Retrieved 23 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "'X Factor's Little Mix: 'We want to be a modern Spice Girls'". Digital Spy. 18 November 2011. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Little Mix On Spice Girls Influence & U.S. Success: 'We Feel Like Justin Bieber'". Billboard. 5 June 2013. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Fifth Harmony get their inspiration from Spice Girls". ITV. 5 June 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Lady Gaga is huge Spice Girls fan". femalefirst.co.uk. 9 September 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "‘Spice Girls Superfans’ Documentary On BBC iPlayer Marks 20 Years Since 'Wannabe'". The Huffington Post. 2 August 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Artist Biography by Heather Phares. "Charli XCX | Biography". AllMusic. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
Jump up ^ "Gimme Five: Charli XCX on Her Musical Obsessions". Billboard. Retrieved 20 April 2014.
Jump up ^ Jules, Anny. 5 things you didn’t know about Rita Ora. AXS. 1 May 2015
Jump up ^ "Carly Rae Jepsen is a Spice Girls superfan". Belfast Telegraph. 12 June 2016. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Panaligan, Jojo P. (7 November 2005). "Concert Review: Regine Velasquez Gives Nods to Influences in Reflections" . Manila Bulletin. Retrieved 13 February 2017 – via HighBeam Research.
Jump up ^ EB staff. “SOCIETY WAITS FOR NOBODY” – POP’S NEWEST OUTSIDER MØ INTERVIEWED. Electronic Beats. 24 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Walker, Marie. "Adele: I Love the Spice Girls!". Now Magazine. Retrieved 6 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Adele reveals Spice Girls inspiration". Digital Spy. 14 January 2008. Retrieved 20 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d BBC News. Article on the impact of "Girl Power". British Broadcasting Corporation. 30 December 1997.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Spice Girls at 20: 'Women weren't allowed to be like that in public'". The Guardian. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 10 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Leonard, Marion (2007). Gender in the Music Industry: Rock, Discourse and Girl Power. Ashgate Publishing. p. 159. ISBN 978-0-7546-3862-9
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "How the Spice effect still packs punch". BBC News. 7 July 2016. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
Jump up ^ ""Girl Power is just a Nineties way of saying it." How feminism went pop during the reign of the Spice Girls". stylist.co.uk. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Girl Power!: The Spice Girls and Feminism". The 13th Floor. Retrieved 9 July 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b The Irish Independent. 20 years of Girl Power: Were the Spice Girls feminists or just opportunists?. Irish Independent. 6 July 2016.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls' 'Wannabe': How 'Girl Power' Reinvigorated Mainstream Feminism in the '90s". Billboard. Retrieved 15 July 2016.
Jump up ^ "It’s Time To Give The Spice Girls The Credit They Deserve". The Huffington Post. 6 August 2015. Retrieved 15 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Spice Girls were my gateway drug to feminism". The Guardian. Retrieved 13 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Will there ever be another girl band like the Spice Girls?. New Statesman. 14 July 2016.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Article on "Girl Power" being added to the Oxford English Dictionary. British Broadcasting Corporation. 17 January 2002.
Jump up ^ "Watch: Spice Girls' iconic “Wannabe” transformed into an epic 2016 feminist anthem". Vox. 5 July 2016. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "THE 11 MOST ICONIC GIRL POWER TRACKS OF THE '90S". MTV News. 6 May 2014. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Sweney, Mark (5 July 2016). "Spice Girls' Wannabe video gets remake for female equality push". The Guardian. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls' 'Wannabe' Meets United Nations In This Incredible Lip Sync Video". Billboard. Retrieved 12 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Blake Lively delivers 'girl power' call-to-action at People's Choice Awards". Entertainment Weekly. 18 January 2017. Retrieved 22 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Cool Britannia". BBC News. Retrieved 3 February 2015
Jump up ^ Awards. Winners 1997. BRIT Awards. Retrieved 11 March 2006.
Jump up ^ "Geri revisits Spice Girls' heyday in Union Jack dress". Hello Magazine. Retrieved 3 February 2015
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "20 Years Later: How the Spice Girls’ Fashion Transcended Time". sleek mag. 12 July 2016.
Jump up ^ Designers Are Bringing This Spice Girls-Inspired '90s Shoe Trend Back. Glamour (magazine). 1 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Music’s 40 Greatest Style Icons, Ranked. Flavorwire. 13 January 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "‘Spiceworld: The Exhibition’ Celebrates 20th Anniversary Of Spice Girls Shoe Style And More". Footwear News. 4 May 2016. Retrieved on 19 February 2017.
Jump up ^ '90s Double Buns are Officially Back. fashionista.com. 3 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Spice up your barnet! Spice Girl hair is back with a vengeance. Evoke.ie. 21 April 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Spice Girls' most memorable fashion moments in pictures". The Daily Telegraph. 26 June 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Pop World Records, Music World Records, Record Breaking Achievements". Philbrodieband.com. Retrieved 6 April 2011.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Brit Awards: A dozen lesser-known moments. BBC. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Katy Perry Says Current Look Is Inspired By The Spice Girls – Audio. Capital FM. 15 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Catarinella, Alex. Interview with Charli XCX. Elle (magazine). 19 July 2012.
Jump up ^ TNN. Anushka Ranjan's style inspired by Spice Girls. The Times of India. 28 January 2017.
Jump up ^ "Brian Masters: Why I love the Spice Girls". The Daily Telegraph. 29 November 2012. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "One Direction's style was inspired by the Spice Girls". The Independent. 3 March 2015. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Behind the Boy Band: Q&A with Caroline Watson, One Direction's Stylist". Jezebel. 2 March 2015. Retrieved 19 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Barrett, Christopher (10 November 2007). "Spice Girls: From Wannabes to World Beaters". Intent Media. Music Week. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Moore, Jennifer Grayer (2015). Fashion Fads Through American History: Fitting Clothes into Context. Greenwood. ISBN 978-1610699013
Jump up ^ Nina Dobrev Dressed As Posh Spice For Halloween & We Can't Even Tell Them Apart. Girlfriend.au. Retrieved 15 January 2017.
Jump up ^ From scary to chic! How Mel B got her style X Factor. Daily Star. 15 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Hold Onto Your Knickers, Girls: Our Modern Guide to Dressing Like a Spice Girl. fashionista.com. Archived from original on 2 May 2012. Retrieved 17 January 2017.
Jump up ^ Melanie C celebrates her 90s Sporty Spice style in 'LOVE Magazine' shoot. The Daily Telegraph. 30 August 2016.
Jump up ^ Life after Spice for Ginger and Sporty, just money for Scary, Baby, Posh. The Irish Times. 1 June 1998.
Jump up ^ From the archive, 1 June 1998: Ginger Spice and the bubble that went pop. The Guardian. 1 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Five little rich girls". The Independent. 17 May 1997. Retrieved on 10 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Spice Girls". Slate. 16 November 1997. Retrieved 8 February 2017.
Jump up ^ McLevy, Alex (13 August 2016). "The Spice Girls were as much merchandising scheme as girl group". The A.V. Club. Retrieved 9 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Cadbury plans Spice Girls range". Marketing Week. 2 October 1997. Retrieved on 9 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Heath, Chris (10 July 1997). "Spice Girls: Too Hot to Handle". Rolling Stone. Retrieved 15 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "What, No Old Spice Commercials?". Los Angeles Times. 23 August 1998. Retrieved on 19 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Spice Girls - after this break". BBC News. 24 August 1998. Retrieved on 19 February 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Spice Girls are icons of the 90s". Metro. 3 April 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ Duffy, Thom (4 March 2000). "Brits: And The Nominees Are.". Billboard. 112 (10): 68. ISSN 0006-2510.
Jump up ^ Klerk, Amy de (22 February 2017). "IT HAS BEEN 20 YEARS SINCE GERI HALLIWELL WORE THE UNION JACK DRESS". Harper's Bazaar.
Jump up ^ "G-A-Y founder takes back nightclub chain from HMV". The Daily Telegraph. 4 February 2013.
Jump up ^ "How old does Microsoft think these 18 gay icons are?". Gay Star News. 1 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Top 50 gay icons. femin.co.uk. Retrieved 17 January 2008. Archived 25 January 2008 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Interview: Geri Horner talks Spice Girls, solo regrets, and her kinship with the gay community". Attitude. 5 January 2017. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ ""Emma Bunton Interview"". dancemusic.about.com. Archived from the original on 17 September 2005. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "World's youth sees Britons as racist drunks". The Guardian. 10 November 2000. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Snapshot Britain: royally cold and wet". The Guardian. 24 November 1999. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls Top Cultural Icons Poll". contactmusic.com. 28 March 2006. Retrieved 13 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Reasons the '90s Ruled 20 – 1". Tv.com. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Billboard. Stephen Thomas Erlewine, All Music Guide. Artist Biography – Spice Girls
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls just wannabe together". BBC News. "to quash rumors of a split." and "Affair denied". Monday, 17 November 1997. Retrieved 20 January 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Life of Spice (Cover Story)". Los Angeles Times. 7 December 1997. Missing or empty |url= (help)
p. 1.
p. 2.
p. 3.
p. 4.
p. 5.
^ Jump up to: a b Essex, Andrew (12 December 1997). "Have the Spice Girls gone sour?". Entertainment Weekly.
Jump up ^ "Mel B: I gave Geri hell". News 24. 13 February 2008.
Jump up ^ "Ginger Shakes Out of Spice World". Billboard. Retrieved 3 July 2010. [dead link]
Jump up ^ The most iconic Spice Girls moments. Glamour magazine. 14 July 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Dear Geri... Love Charles. BBC News. 14 August 1998.
Jump up ^ "Harry's a real hit with Spice Girls". BBC News. 2 November 1997.
Jump up ^ It was all spice on the night BBC News. 16 December 1997
Jump up ^ Prince William's Spice-y Christmas femalefirst.co.uk. 17 December 2008
^ Jump up to: a b BBC News. World: Now Mandela swaps political power for girl power. "These are my heroes" Mr Mandela joked. 1 November 1997.
Jump up ^ Nintendo Power No. 106 (p.81)
Jump up ^ Roberts, Alison (11 April 2005). "David and Victoria Beckham: Can they mend it like Beckhams?". The Independent. UK. Retrieved 21 December 2007.
Jump up ^ "Posh Spice and English football star announce engagement". BBC News. 26 January 1998.
Jump up ^ Pryor, Fiona (12 July 2007). Will Brand Beckham break America?. BBC News. Retrieved 24 December 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b Opening weekend box office sales in the US.[dead link] The Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 25 June 2006.
Jump up ^ IMDb. Spiceworld: The Movie box office. The Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 1 July 2008.
Jump up ^ IMDb. Spiceworld: The Movie awards. The Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 12 March 2006.
Jump up ^ The Spice Bus. Island Harbour. Retrieved 25 June 2016.
Jump up ^ UK Christmas TV. BBC Christmas TV 1996. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Jump up ^ UK Christmas TV. BBC Christmas TV 1997. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Jump up ^ UK Christmas TV. ITV Christmas TV 1997. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Pay-per-view show for Spice Girls gig. 30 July 1998. Retrieved 14 February 2017.
Jump up ^ IMDB. Spice Girls: The Live One (1999). Retrieved 11 January 2017.
Jump up ^ BBC News. Business Spice Girls. 10 November 1997.
Jump up ^ World Record for highest ever annual earnings by a girl band. Guinness World Records. Retrieved 12 March 2006.
Jump up ^ "AmIAnnoying.com - Forbes' Celebrity 100 Power Ranking [1999]". amiannoying.com.
Jump up ^ World Record for Christmas No. 1 singles. Guinness World Records. Retrieved 12 March 2006. Archived 4 April 2006 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ Fitzpatrick, Eileen (6 December 1997). "A Spicy '97 Closes with 'Spiceworld', Movie, and TV Special". Billboard. 109 (49): 42. ISSN 0006-2510.
Jump up ^ Andrews, Sam; Clark-Meads, Jeff (13 June 1998). "With Spice Girls Down To Four, Sales Still Ride High: Spice Girls". Billboard. 110 (24): 8, 120. ISSN 0006-2510.
Jump up ^ "'Spiceworld' To Shake Up U.K. Vid Chart?". Billboard. 28 May 1998. Retrieved 14 March 2006. Archived 11 March 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Springsteen, Chesney Rule Billboard Touring Awards". Billboard. 20 November 2008. Retrieved 18 February 2017.
Jump up ^ "Top 25 Boxscores – Billboard Year In Music 2008". Billboard. Archived from the original on 12 December 2008. Retrieved 21 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Waddell, Ray (18 July 2008). "Bon Jovi, Spice Girls Top Midyear Touring Chart". Billboard. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
Jump up ^ Lulu (2011). Lulu: I Don't Want to Fight. Time Warner Paperbacks. ISBN 9780751533712
Jump up ^ Martin, Stevie (13 March 2015). "The Best Bits From Red Nose Days Gone By". The Debrief. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Hughes, Akilah (15 April 2015). "The six best 'Celebrity Deathmatch' fights". Fusion Media Group. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Richmond, Ray (30 April 1998). "Clay celebs make ‘Death’ wish come true". Variety. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Syndication Files 02.10.10: Celebrity Deathmatch". 411mania. 10 February 2010. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Sleasman, MaryAnn (22 March 2013). "Glee "Guilty Pleasures" Review: The Teachings of the Spice Girls". tv.com. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "El divertido homenaje de Laura Pausini a las Spice Girls en TV". La Vanguardia. 11 April 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Laura e Paola diventano le Spice Girls con Michielin, Gerini e Buy (video)". Cube Magazine. 8 April 2016. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Johnson, Zach (20 September 2016). "Kristen Bell and Ellen DeGeneres Audition for the Spice Girls". E!. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Oller, Jacob (2 December 2016). "The Songs of Crazy Ex-Girlfriend: Living in a Friendtatorship". Paste. Retrieved 25 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Reid, Joe (2 December 2016). "'Crazy Ex-Girlfriend' Channels the Spice Girls With Dystopian Song and Dance". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved 5 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "MADtv Season 3 Episode Guide". TV Guide.
Jump up ^ "Saturday Night Live: Sarah Michelle Gellar/Portishead > Episode recap". TV.com.
Jump up ^ "Saturday Night Live: Cameron Diaz/Smashing Pumpkins". TV.com.
Jump up ^ Reid, Joe (26 September 2015). "Today in TV History: SNL’s Jingleheimer Junction Tried to Slip One In". Decider. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Miller, Victoria Leigh (17 April 2014). "'All That' Turns 20: 8 Memorable Cameos From the TeenNick Hit". Yahoo TV. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Jump up ^
"Jack in Box : Spice Girls Classic album". 4-traders.
TV Spots and Commercial. "Jack in the Box, Spicy Crispy Chicks".
TV Spots and Commercials. "Wholesale TV Spots". TV Spots.
Jack in the Box Commercials Archive. "Spicy Crispy Chicks". AvertToLog.
Jump up ^
Millie, Takaki (5 June 1998). "Top honor roll at AICP Show". SHOOT. Archived from the original on 3 January 2013 – via HighBeam Research.
"The Art and Technique of the American Commercial". AICP Show Awards.
Jump up ^ "SPICE GIRLS by Leg for Eurostar". coloribus.com. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Eurostar - "Spice Girls"". AdForum. Retrieved 15 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Britton, Luke Morgan (19 September 2016). "Watch James Corden dress up as Bowie, Spice Girls and other music icons in Apple Music ad". NME. Retrieved 5 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Smyth, Rob (22 October 2015). "Manchester United 2-2 Liverpool: the Class of 92, Spice Boys and Cantona’s return". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Hughes, Si (12 April 2015). "John Scales admits Spice Boy-era Liverpool were caught in a 'time warp'". The Daily Telegraph.
Jump up ^ Crisp, Penny (14 July 2000). "The Hope of the Philippines". Asiaweek. Archived from the original on 15 May 2005.
Jump up ^ Pedrasa, Ira (14 June 2012). "JV Ejercito: 50% Erap, 50% hard work". ABS-CBNnews.com. Retrieved 2 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bond, the Classical Spice Girls - 2001-04-12". Voice of America. 12 April 2001.
Jump up ^ Gibbons, Fiachra (3 August 2000). "The Bond girls aiming to leave classical music world shaken and stirred". The Guardian.
Jump up ^ Harper, Tony (29 January 1999). "Hingis-Kournikova Win Australian Open Doubles". The Washington Post. Retrieved 10 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Gallagher, Brendan (29 June 2010). "Wimbledon 2010: Anna Kournikova and Martina Hingis lend some spice to Court Two". The Daily Telegraph. UK. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Jump up ^ "THE SPITE GIRLS". ESPN. 13 July 1998. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Bierley, Stephen (13 September 1999). "Sister act sweeps away the new text and head opposition". The Irish Times. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Lynch, Donal (2 March 2015). "Return Game: the comeback of Sean Collins-McCarthy". Irish Independent. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Madame Tussauds New York: Pop Culture". madametussauds.com. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ McGeorge, Alistair (13 August 2015). "Mel B has 'Spice Girls reunion' moment as she cuddles up to bandmate waxworks". Daily Mirror. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls see double". BBC News. 17 December 1999. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "GERI HALLIWELL SPICES UP MADAM TUSSAUD'S". Liverpool Daily Post. 17 September 2002. Retrieved 12 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls exhibition: doors close on record-breaking display". BBC News. 3 July 2011. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Northampton museum tells you what it wants, what it really really wants". northampton.gov.uk. 4 October 2011. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "City galleries and museums the place to be this Friday". Londonderry Sentinel. 18 September 2012.
Jump up ^ Miles, Tina (1 April 2015). "Spice Girl Mel C's sporty gear goes on show at exhibition". Liverpool Echo. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Cryer, Anna (12 January 2016). "Spice up your life with trip to pop exhibition". Blackpool Gazette. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spice Girls Collection (Official website)". spicegirlscollection.com.
Jump up ^ Youngs, Ian (25 October 2013). "Liz West: An artist with extra Spice". BBC News. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Muller, Marissa G. (24 April 2015). "TAKE A LOOK INSIDE THE WORLD'S BIGGEST SPICE GIRLS MERCH COLLECTION". MTV News. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Bond, Nick (16 September 2015). "WE SPEAK TO THE OWNER OF WORLD’S BIGGEST SPICE GIRLS MERCHANDISE COLLECTION". Attitude. Retrieved 20 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Norman, Alix. The magic of girl power. Cyprus Mail. 19 July 2016.
Jump up ^ Buffenstein, Alyssa (14 August 2016). "Spice Girls Art Exhibition Celebrates 20 Years of "Zig-A-Zig, Ah"". Vice. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Berlin, Erika (15 August 2016). "Celebrate the 20th Anniversary of 'Wannabe' with a Spice Girls Art Exhibition in Berlin". Mental Floss. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
Book references
Hardy, Phil. The Faber Companion to 20th century Popular Music (Faber and Faber, 2001) ISBN 0-571-19608-X
Larkin, Colin. The Virgin Encyclopaedia of Popular Music (4th ed.) (Virgin Books, 2003.) ISBN 1-85227-923-0
External links
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Spice Girls
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Spice Girls.
Official website
Spice Girls - GEM
[show]
v
t
e
Spice Girls
Mel B
Emma Bunton
Geri Halliwell
Victoria Beckham
Melanie C
Studio albums
Spice
Spiceworld
Forever
Compilation album
Greatest Hits
Video albums
One Hour of Girl Power
Girl Power! Live in Istanbul
Live at Wembley Stadium
Concerts and tours
Girl Power! Live in Istanbul
Spiceworld Tour
Christmas in Spiceworld
The Return of the Spice Girls
Filmography
Spice World
Giving You Everything
Video games
Spice World
Related
Discography
Songs recorded
Awards and nominations
Filmography
Merchandise and sponsorship deals
Girl power
Dolls
Michelle Stephenson
Viva Forever! musical
Wannabe: How The Spice Girls Reinvented Pop Fame (2004 book)
2012 Summer Olympics closing ceremony
Book
Category
[show]
v
t
e
Emma Bunton
Discography
Studio albums
and singles
A Girl Like Me
"What I Am"
"What Took You So Long?"
"Take My Breath Away"
"We're Not Gonna Sleep Tonight"
Free Me
"Free Me"
"Maybe"
"I'll Be There"
"Crickets Sing for Anamaria"
Life in Mono
"Downtown"
"All I Need to Know"
Featured singles
"I Know Him So Well"
Related articles
Spice Girls
[show]
v
t
e
Melanie C
Discography
Studio albums
Northern Star
Reason
Beautiful Intentions
This Time
The Sea
Stages
Version of Me
Video albums
Live Hits
Live at the Hard Rock Cafe
The Sea – Live
Concert tours
Official
From Liverpool to Leicester Square
Northern Star Tour
Reason Tour
Beautiful Intentions Tour
This Time Canadian Tour
The Sea – Live
Residency
The Barfly Mini-Tour
Related articles
Spice Girls
Red Girl Records
Category
[show]
v
t
e
Victoria Beckham
Discography
Studio albums
Victoria Beckham
Singles
"Out of Your Mind"
"Not Such an Innocent Girl"
"A Mind of Its Own"
"Let Your Head Go"/"This Groove"
Other songs
"Resentment"
Related articles
Spice Girls
Victoria Beckham: Coming to America
David Beckham
Cruz Beckham
VB Rocks
Posh and Becks
[show]
v
t
e
Mel B
Discography
Studio albums & singles
Hot
"I Want You Back"
"Tell Me"
"Feels So Good"
"Lullaby"
L.A. State of Mind
"Today"
Other singles
"Word Up"
"For Once in My Life"
Featured singles
"Proper Crimbo"
Related articles
Spice Girls
Get Fit with Mel B
[show]
v
t
e
Geri Halliwell
Discography
Studio albums
and singles
Schizophonic
"Look at Me"
"Mi Chico Latino"
"Lift Me Up"
"Bag It Up"
Scream If You Wanna Go Faster
"It's Raining Men"
"Scream If You Wanna Go Faster"
"Calling"
Passion
"Ride It"
"Desire"
Other singles
"Half of Me"
"Angels In Chains"
Compilation albums
Playlist
Bibliography
If Only
Ugenia Lavender
Related articles
Spice Girls
Union Jack dress
[show]
v
t
e
Billboard Year-End number one albums
1956–1975
1956: Calypso – Harry Belafonte
1957: Music from My Fair Lady – Original Cast
1958: Music from My Fair Lady – Original Cast
1959: The Music from Peter Gunn – Henry Mancini
1960: Music from The Sound of Music – Original Cast
1961: Camelot – Original Cast
1962: West Side Story – Soundtrack
1963: West Side Story – Soundtrack
1964: Music from Hello, Dolly! – Original Cast
1965: Music from Mary Poppins – Soundtrack
1966: Whipped Cream & Other Delights – Herb Alpert & the Tijuana Brass
1967: More of the Monkees – The Monkees
1968: Are You Experienced – The Jimi Hendrix Experience
1969: In-A-Gadda-Da-Vida – Iron Butterfly
1970: Bridge over Troubled Water – Simon & Garfunkel
1971: Jesus Christ Superstar – Soundtrack
1972: Harvest – Neil Young
1973: The World Is a Ghetto – War
1974: Goodbye Yellow Brick Road – Elton John
1975: Greatest Hits – Elton John
1976–2000
1976: Frampton Comes Alive! – Peter Frampton
1977: Rumours – Fleetwood Mac
1978: Saturday Night Fever – Soundtrack
1979: 52nd Street – Billy Joel
1980: The Wall – Pink Floyd
1981: Hi Infidelity – REO Speedwagon
1982: Asia – Asia
1983: Thriller – Michael Jackson
1984: Thriller – Michael Jackson
1985: Born in the U.S.A. – Bruce Springsteen
1986: Whitney Houston – Whitney Houston
1987: Slippery When Wet – Bon Jovi
1988: Faith – George Michael
1989: Don't Be Cruel – Bobby Brown
1990: Janet Jackson's Rhythm Nation 1814 – Janet Jackson
1991: Mariah Carey – Mariah Carey
1992: Ropin' the Wind – Garth Brooks
1993: The Bodyguard – Soundtrack
1994: The Sign – Ace of Base
1995: Cracked Rear View – Hootie & the Blowfish
1996: Jagged Little Pill – Alanis Morissette
1997: Spice – Spice Girls
1998: Titanic: Music from the Motion Picture – James Horner
1999: Millennium – Backstreet Boys
2000: No Strings Attached – NSYNC
2001–present
2001: 1 – The Beatles
2002: The Eminem Show – Eminem
2003: Get Rich or Die Tryin' – 50 Cent
2004: Confessions – Usher
2005: The Massacre – 50 Cent
2006: Some Hearts – Carrie Underwood
2007: Daughtry – Daughtry
2008: As I Am – Alicia Keys
2009: Fearless – Taylor Swift
2010: I Dreamed a Dream – Susan Boyle
2011: 21 – Adele
2012: 21 – Adele
2013: The 20/20 Experience – Justin Timberlake
2014: Frozen – Soundtrack
2015: 1989 – Taylor Swift
2016: 25 – Adele
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 138678843
LCCN: no97036726
ISNI: 0000 0001 0943 361X
GND: 2163761-1
SUDOC: 035087323
BNF: cb13997674w (data)
MusicBrainz: bf0caafc-2b20-4e07-ab85-87e14ff430ce
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Spice_Girls&oldid=801300409"
Categories:
Spice Girls
Virgin Records artists
Ivor Novello Award winners
Juno Award winners
Brit Award winners
Musical quintets
British Eurodance groups
English girl groups
English pop music groups
English dance music groups
British pop girl groups
Feminist musicians
Musical groups established in 1994
Musical groups disestablished in 2000
Musical groups reestablished in 2007
Musical groups disestablished in 2008
Musical groups from London
1994 establishments in the United Kingdom
1994 establishments in England
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from March 2010
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
Pages using web citations with no URL
Articles with dead external links from July 2013
Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism
EngvarB from July 2014
Use dmy dates from July 2014
Articles with hCards
Articles with hAudio microformats
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
View source
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikiquote
Languages
العربية
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Български
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
فارسی
Føroyskt
Français
Gaeilge
Galego
한국어
Hrvatski
Ido
Bahasa Indonesia
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Kiswahili
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
მარგალური
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
پښتو
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Scots
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
తెలుగు
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 September 2017, at 21:41.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

attrs: id class style

value: a

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href title

values: This article is semi-protected due to vandalism

attrs: class id

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

value: th

value: tr

value: td

values:
nofollow
external text
http://thespicegirls.com

values:
/wiki/British_popular_culture
mw-redirect
British popular culture

values: float: right; clear: right; margin: 0.5em 0 0.8em 1.4em; width:40%; padding: 10px; border: 1px solid #aaa; font-size: 88%; background-color: #E0E6F8;

values:
/wiki/Melanie_Chisholm
mw-redirect
Melanie Chisholm

values:
/wiki/Shepherds_Bush
mw-redirect
Shepherds Bush

values:
/wiki/Bracknell,_Berkshire
mw-redirect
Bracknell, Berkshire

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Midland_Grand_Hotel
mw-redirect
Midland Grand Hotel

values:
/wiki/The_Box_(UK_and_Ireland)
mw-redirect
The Box (UK and Ireland)

values: List of UK Singles Chart Christmas number ones

values: List of best-selling albums in the United Kingdom

values: International Federation of the Phonographic Industry

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 110px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -27.5px;

values: width:220px width: 220px; position: relative;

values:
/wiki/Richard_Stannard_(songwriter)
mw-redirect
Richard Stannard (songwriter)

values: List of Billboard 200 number-one albums of 1997

values: Recording Industry Association of America

values: Who Do You Think You Are (Spice Girls song)

values:
/wiki/Billboard_Music_Awards
mw-redirect
Billboard Music Awards

values:
/wiki/MTV_Europe_Music_Awards
mw-redirect
MTV Europe Music Awards

values:
/wiki/Lightning_Seeds
mw-redirect
Lightning Seeds

values:
/wiki/Walt_Disney_Feature_Animation
mw-redirect
Walt Disney Feature Animation

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Leading_case
mw-redirect
Leading case

values:
/wiki/Hot_Dance_Club_Songs
mw-redirect
Hot Dance Club Songs

values:
/wiki/Kodak_Theatre
mw-redirect
Kodak Theatre

values:
/wiki/95.8_Capital_FM
mw-redirect
95.8 Capital FM

values:
/wiki/Girl_groups
mw-redirect
Girl groups

values:
/wiki/Platform_shoes
mw-redirect
Platform shoes

values:
/wiki/Guinness_World_Record
mw-redirect
Guinness World Record

values:
/wiki/Melanie_Brown
mw-redirect
Melanie Brown

values:
/wiki/Olympic_Stadium_(London)
mw-redirect
Olympic Stadium (London)

values:
/wiki/Racing_stripes
mw-redirect
Racing stripes

values: Spice Girls merchandise and sponsorship deals

values:
/wiki/Prince_Charles
mw-redirect
Prince Charles

values:
/wiki/British_Royal_Family
mw-redirect
British Royal Family

values:
/wiki/Prince_William
mw-redirect
Prince William

values:
/wiki/1998_Golden_Raspberry_Awards
mw-redirect
1998 Golden Raspberry Awards

values:
/wiki/Walkers_Crisps
mw-redirect
Walkers Crisps

values:
/wiki/Viva_Forever_(musical)
mw-redirect
Viva Forever (musical)

values: List of awards received by the Spice Girls

values:
/wiki/Spice_Girls_awards
mw-redirect
Spice Girls awards

values:
/wiki/American_Music_Awards
mw-redirect
American Music Awards

values:
/wiki/Spiceworld:_The_Movie
mw-redirect
Spiceworld: The Movie

values:
/wiki/Marley_Rose
mw-redirect
Marley Rose

values:
/wiki/Wade_%22Unique%22_Adams
mw-redirect
Wade "Unique" Adams

values:
/wiki/Fictional_musical_group
mw-redirect
Fictional musical group

values: Association of Independent Commercial Producers

values:
/wiki/David_James_(footballer)
mw-redirect
David James (footballer)

values: House of Representatives of the Philippines

values: List of songs recorded by the Spice Girls

values: International Standard Book Number (identifier)

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/issn/0006-2510

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.everyhit.com/recordalb.html

values:
nofollow
http://www.mtv.com/ontv/vma/1997/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/19796.stm

values:
/wiki/British_Broadcasting_Corporation
mw-redirect
British Broadcasting Corporation

values:
nofollow
external text
https://archive.is/3O5n0

values:
nofollow
http://spicegirlsgem.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/The_Huffington_Post
mw-redirect
The Huffington Post

values:
/wiki/AXS_(ticket_merchant)
mw-redirect
AXS (ticket merchant)

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.13thfloor.co.nz/?p=67296

values:
/wiki/Daily_Star_(British_newspaper)
mw-redirect
Daily Star (British newspaper)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/31885.stm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/19914.stm

values:
/wiki/Internet_Movie_Database
mw-redirect
Internet Movie Database

values:
nofollow
http://www.island-harbour.co.uk/spice/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.aicpshow.com/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.spicegirlscollection.com/
external text

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.thespicegirls.com/
external text

values:
Spice_Girls
fn org
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #EEEEEE;

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background: #EEEEEE;

values: Live at Wembley Stadium (Spice Girls DVD)

values: List of awards and nominations received by Spice Girls

values: Wannabe: How The Spice Girls Reinvented Pop Fame

values: nowraplinks vcard hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
Emma_Bunton
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
Melanie_C
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
Victoria_Beckham
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
Geri_Halliwell
fn
font-size:114%;margin:0 4em

values:
/wiki/Angels_In_Chains
mw-redirect
Angels In Chains

values: Template:Billboard Year-End number one albums

values: Template talk:Billboard Year-End number one albums

values: List of Billboard Year-End number-one singles and albums

values:
/wiki/Camelot_songs
mw-redirect
Camelot songs

values:
/wiki/1_(The_Beatles_album)
mw-redirect
1 (The Beatles album)

values:
/wiki/Usher_(singer)
mw-redirect
Usher (singer)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/138678843

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/000000010943361X

values:
nofollow
external text
http://d-nb.info/gnd/2163761-1

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.idref.fr/035087323

values: Category:Musical groups established in 1994

values: Category:Musical groups disestablished in 2000

values: Category:Musical groups reestablished in 2007

values: Category:Musical groups disestablished in 2008

values: Category:1994 establishments in the United Kingdom

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from March 2010

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:Pages using web citations with no URL

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from July 2013

values: Category:Wikipedia pages semi-protected against vandalism

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2017

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Spice_Girls
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
This page is protected.
You can view its source [ctrl-alt-e]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: سبايس جيرلز – Arabic

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle

values: Спайс Гърлс – Bulgarian

values: اسپایس گرلز – Persian

values: 스파이스 걸스 – Korean

values: ספייס גירלז – Hebrew

values: Спајс Грлс – Macedonian

values: სფაის გერლზი – Mingrelian

values: スパイス・ガールズ – Japanese

values: سپايس گرلز – Pashto

values: Спајс герлс – Serbian

values: స్పైస్ గర్ల్స్ – Telugu

values: สไปซ์เกิลส์ – Thai

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Spice_Girls rootpage-Spice_Girls skin-vector action-view