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James Faulkner (actor)
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James Faulkner
Born
James Sebastian Faulkner
(1948-07-18) 18 July 1948 (age 69)
Hampstead, London, England
Occupation
Actor
James Sebastian Faulkner (born 18 July 1948) is an English actor, known for his many various appearance on television, in video games and in films, usually in supporting roles.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Filmography
3.1 Film
3.2 Television
3.3 Video games[2]
4 References
5 External links
Early life[edit]
Having trained as a chorister from the age of seven at the Royal College of Church Music at Addington Palace, he was a permanent member of the choir and often called upon as a soloist. He also took part in every house play, school play, choral society concert and ran the Puppet Club alongside its founder, the journalist Roger Wilkes.
On leaving school he worked as Prep schoolmaster, rugby coach, waiter, barman and professional Santa Claus before auditioning for the waiting list of the Royal Central School of Speech and Drama in 1967. After three years of exhaustive training he won the lead role in the final graduation production of Kiss Me Kate. The following day, several theatrical agencies wrote to him and he signed at ICM and joined Prospect Theatre for Much Ado About Nothing, the main event at the 1970 Edinburgh Festival. A season at Chichester Festival Theatre followed with such luminaries as Sir John Gielgud and Dame Edith Evans and he then transferred to the Piccadilly Theatre in the West End with Jean Anouilh's Dear Antoine, meeting the author on the opening night.[1]
Career[edit]
Faulkner made his big screen debut as Josef Strauss in The Great Waltz in 1972.
He appeared in other films such as Whispering Death, Murder on the Orient Express, played Lt. Teignmouth Melvill in Zulu Dawn that he co-produced, and appeared as Uncle Geoffrey in both Bridget Jones films.
He played Herod Agrippa in the BBC's 1976 television adaptation of I, Claudius and portrayed Aldous Huxley in 1981's Priest of Love.
In 1988 he portrayed one of the biggest enemies of Sherlock Holmes, Stapleton, in Granada Television's production of The Hound of the Baskervilles, opposite Jeremy Brett.
In 1991, he played Alex Mair, the manager of the Larksoken nuclear power plant, in an Anglia production of the P. D. James novel featuring her character Inspector Adam Dalgliesh, Devices and Desires. He has also portrayed Agent Smith in the film Hitman. He was also the principal antagonist Baron Mullins in the short-lived Anglo-American television show, Covington Cross.
He voiced Severus Snape in the video game version of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. He also starred as Lord Kenworth in the film Agent Cody Banks 2: Destination London.
In 2008 Faulkner played Cardinal Rhades in the German thriller Der Bibelcode (The Bible Code).
Faulkner was cast as Pope Sixtus IV in BBC Worldwide's historical fantasy drama series Da Vinci's Demons in 2013.
He was also cast to play Lord Daniel Sinderby in the highly acclaimed Edwardian costume drama Downton Abbey produced by ITV in 2014.
In 2015, Faulkner played the lead antagonist, T.O.M, of philosophical puzzle game The Turing Test.[2]
In 2016 he joined the cast of the HBO series Game of Thrones in Season 6 as Randyll Tarly, the father of Samwell Tarly.[citation needed]
In 2018, Faulkner played Paul in the biblical drama film, Paul, Apostle of Christ.
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1972 The Great Waltz Josef Strauss
1974 The Abdication Magnus de la Gardie
1975 Conduct Unbecoming 2nd Lt. Edward Millington
1976 Whispering Death Terrick
1979 Zulu Dawn Teignmouth Melvill
1980 Flashpoint Africa Ramon Funes
1981 Priest of Love Aldous Huxley
1983 Eureka Roger
1989 The Shadow Trader
1992 Carry On Columbus Torquemada
1992 Lovejoy 'Friends in High Places' Alfredo Pereira
1996 Crimetime Crowley
2001 Burning Down the House Hal Lander
Bridget Jones's Diary Uncle Geoffrey
2003 I Capture the Castle Aubrey Fox-Cotton
2004 Bridget Jones: The Edge of Reason Uncle Geoffrey
Agent Cody Banks 2: Destination London Lord Duncan Kenworth
2005 Colour Me Kubrick Oliver
2006 The Conclave Cardinal Guillaume D'Estouteville
The Good Shepherd Lord Cooper
2007 Hitman Smith Jamison
2008 The Bank Job Guy Singer
2011 X-Men: First Class Swiss Bank Manager
2016 Bridget Jones's Baby Uncle Geoffrey
2016 Underworld: Blood Wars Cassius
2017 Final Portrait Pierre Matisse
2017 Atomic Blonde Chief C
2018 Paul, Apostle of Christ Saint Paul
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1976 I, Claudius Herod Agrippa TV serial, 6 episodes
1978 Hazel Gordon Gregory 6 episodes
1985 The Bill Sidney Sharman Episode: Burning the Books
1986 First Among Equals Simon Kerslake TV serial
1989 Frederick Forsyth Presents Markus Vogel Just Another Secret (1989)
1998 Taggart Colonel Robert Falkirk Episode: Dead Reckoning (Series 14 Episode 41)
2010 Ben Hur Marcellus TV mini-series, 2 episodes
2013–15 Da Vinci's Demons Pope Sixtus IV 24 episodes
2014 Downton Abbey Lord Sinderby 4 episodes
2016–2017 Game of Thrones Randyll Tarly 5 episodes
2018 Death in Paradise Frank O'Toole Episode: Written in Murder (Series 7 Episode 3)
Video games[2][edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
2001 Walking with Beasts: Operation Salvage Voice
2009 Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince Professor Severus Snape Video Game
2012 Blades of Time Voice
2012 Blades of Time: Dismal Swamp Voice DLC
2014 Dragon Age: Inquisition Voice
2016 The Turing Test T.O.M Video Game
2018 League of Legends Swain[3] Video Game
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Acclaimed actor James Faulkner". 9 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Moby Games".
Jump up ^ Faulkner, James. "James Faulkner on Twitter". Twitter. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to James Faulkner.
The Official James Faulkner Website
James Faulkner on IMDb
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNF: cb15527790j (data)
GND: 1058114689
ISNI: 0000 0000 7848 3162
LCCN: nr2003031096
VIAF: 76261596
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=James_Faulkner_(actor)&oldid=840604797"
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text:
Islam and Sikhism
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Islam is an Abrahamic religion founded in the Arabian peninsula, while Sikhism is a Dharmic religion founded in the Indian subcontinent. Islam means "submission" (to the will of God).[1][2] The word Sikh is derived from a Sanskrit word meaning 'disciple', or one who learns.[3]
Both religions are monotheistic, although Sikhs, unlike Muslims believe that the 'One' creator permeates the creation.[4][5] Islam believes that Muhammad was the last prophet, to whom the Quran was revealed by God in the 7th century CE. Its primary sources of teachings come from the Quran, which Muslims believe is the word of God, and the Sunnah, the life examples and practices of the prophet Muhammad.[6] Sikhism was founded in the 15th century CE by Guru Nanak and the Guru Granth Sahib is the scripture followed by Sikhs as "The Living Guru".[4][7]
In Islam, the legal system based on the Quran and the Sunnah is known as Sharia; there is no such legal system mentioned in Guru Granth Sahib. Islam does not allow apostasy,[8] whereas Sikhism allows freedom of conscience.[9] Daily prayers are one of the pillars of Islam and is mandatory for eligible Muslims.[10] Baptized Sikhs read the five banis (prayers) as part of their daily routine, Nitnem. Islam requires annual zakah (alms giving) by Muslims, while Sikhism encourages alms giving but does not compel it.[11] Kirat Karna (doing an honest livelihood - earning honestly without any sort of corruption), Naam Japna (to praise, read and follow "The One") and Vand Chhako (Selfless service (Sewa) and sharing with others) are fundamental to Sikhism given by Guru Nanak Dev Ji. Pilgrimage (to Mecca) is a crucial part of Islam, while Sikhism denounces pilgrimages, circumcision and rituals.[12]
There has been a history of constructive influence and conflict between Islam and Sikhism. The Sikh scripture Guru Granth Sahib includes teachings from two Indian sufi/bhakti mystic saints (Kabir, Bhagat Farid).[13][14][15] In contrast, of total 10 Sikh gurus, last six gurus were persecuted by Muslim rulers,[16][17][18][19] two gurus - Guru Arjan and Guru Tegh Bahadur - were tortured and executed for refusing to convert to Islam,[20][21] children of Guru Gobind Singh were killed,[22][23] along with numerous other revered figures of Sikhism such as Banda Bahadur, Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala).[19][22][23] for refusing to convert to Islam,[24][16][23][22] and for opposing the persecution of Sikhs and Hindus.[25][21][17][19]
Contents
[hide]
1 Comparison
1.1 Belief
1.1.1 God
1.1.2 Guru and Messengers
1.1.3 Duties/Articles of Faith
1.1.4 Social beliefs
1.1.5 Apostasy
1.1.6 View on other religions
1.1.7 Predestination
1.2 Practice
1.2.1 Grooming and dress
1.2.2 Circumcision
1.2.3 Food
1.2.4 Jizya
1.3 Holy sites
2 History
3 Recent relations
3.1 Sufi Muslims and Sikhs
3.2 Ahmadiyya Muslims and Sikhs
4 See also
5 Notes
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Comparison[edit]
Belief[edit]
God[edit]
Sikhism believes that God is formless (nirankar).[4][26] It has been called a form of pantheism,[5] as well as monotheism.[4]
Islam believes in one God with Muhammad as his last messenger. It denies other gods, and is strictly monotheistic (tawḥīd).[27][28] This Islamic doctrine is a part of its Shahada.[28]
Guru and Messengers[edit]
Sikhism reveres the ten human Gurus of Sikhs, but accepts that there were many divine messengers, including Krishna, Moses, Jesus and Mohammed in other religions.[4]
Islam believes that before the human Muhammad there were many messengers of God, Muhammad was the last messenger, and Quran was the last revelation to the last prophet.[6][29]
Duties/Articles of Faith[edit]
The Five Pillars of Islam are duties incumbent on every Muslim. These duties are Shahada (testimony that "There is no god but God and Muhammad is the messenger of God"),[8] Salat (prayers), Zakat (Giving of Alms), Sawm (Fasting during Ramadan) and Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca). These five practices are essential to Sunni Islam; Shi'a Muslims subscribe to eight ritual practices which substantially overlap with the five Pillars.[30][31]
The three duties of Sikhs are Naam Japna (meditating on Waheguru's name), Kirat Karni (earn honest living) and Vand Chakna (sharing one's earning with others).[32]
Social beliefs[edit]
Sikhism has an ambivalent attitude towards miracles and rejects any form of discrimination within and against other religions.[33][33] Sikhism does not believe in rituals, but is permissive of traditions.[7]
Sikhism rejects asceticism and celibacy.[34] The Sikhism founder Guru Nanak adopted the Indic ideas on rebirth, and taught the ideas of reincarnation.[34] Adi Granth of Sikhism recognizes and includes spiritual wisdom from other religions.[7][35][page needed] Islam warns against wrongful innovation (bid‘ah) to what is revealed in the Quran and the Hadiths.[7]
Islam considers itself to be a perfect and final religion.[35] It warns against innovation (bid‘ah) to what is revealed in the Quran and the Hadiths.[7] It considers other religions and non-believers in Islam as wrongly guided and infidels.[35][36] Islam does not recognize and accept spiritual wisdom from other religions.[7][36][37]
Islam believes in miracles and a final judgment day (Qiyama).[38] Islam believes that there are severe punishments in the afterlife (akhirah) for those who do not submit to God, who refuse or reject Islamic teachings, calling them kafir and infidels.[38][39][40] Sikhism does not preach or accept this view of those who are not Sikhs.
Apostasy[edit]
Apostasy, that is abandonment of Islam by a Muslim and conversion to another religion or atheism, is a religious crime in Islam punishable with death.[8][41] According to the Hadiths, states John Esposito, leaving Islam is punishable by "beheading, crucifixion or banishment", and Sharia (Islamic legal code) traditionally has required death by the sword for an adult sane male who voluntarily leaves Islam.[8] However, adds Esposito, modern thinkers have argued against execution as penalty for apostasy from Islam by invoking Quranic verse 2:257.[8]
Sikhism allows freedom of conscience and apostasy.[9]
View on other religions[edit]
Sikhism teaches that all religious traditions are valid, leading to the same Waheguru, and it rejects that any particular religion has a monopoly regarding absolute truth for all of humanity.[42]
Islam teaches that non-Islamic religious traditions have been distorted by man to suit their desires.[43][44]
Predestination[edit]
Islam believes in predestination, or divine preordainment (al-qadā wa l-qadar), God has full knowledge and control over all that occurs.[45][46] According to Islamic tradition, all that has been decreed by God is written in al-Lawh al-Mahfūz, the "Preserved Tablet".[47][full citation needed]
Sikhism also believes in predestination, and what one does, speaks and hears is already pre ordained, and one has to simply follow the laid down path per God's fiat or Hukum.[48]
Practice[edit]
Grooming and dress[edit]
The Khalsa panth among Sikhs are guided by the five Ks. They keep their head hair long (kesh) and men wear turbans (head hair cover) Women may also wear a turban by their choice. They carry a wooden comb, wear an iron bracelet, wear a cotton underwear, and carry a kirpan (steel sword).[49] Non baptized Sikh women are free to dress as they wish in Sikhism. Sex segregation is not required in public places or Sikh temples by Sikhism.[50]
Muslim males are encouraged to grow their beards and trim the moustache.[51] Men in some Muslim communities wear turban (head cap).[52] Muslim men, as well as women, must dress modestly. For Muslim women, it is highly recommended to cover their hair. Muslim women are required to cover body in public,[53] with some Islamic scholars stating that the Islamic Hadiths require covering the face too.[54][55] These restrictions are called 'Hijab'. Islam encourages gender segregation in public, and Muslim men and women do not usually mix in public places such as mosques. These restrictions are part of 'Adab'.[51]
Circumcision[edit]
Further information: Khitan (circumcision) and Religious views on female genital mutilation
Sikhism does not require circumcision of either males or females, and criticizes the practice.[56]
In Islam, no verse in the Quran supports male or female circumcision (FGM/C).[57] Male circumcision is a widespread practice and considered mandatory for Muslim males according to Sunnah.[58] Muslim scholars disagree whether any authentic Sunnah in the hadiths supports the practice of female circumcision.[59][60][61] The Ijma, or consensus of Muslim scholars, varies by the Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) on whether circumcision is optional, honorable or obligatory for Muslim male and females.[note 1] Prominent Islamic scholars have both supported and opposed FGM/C for female Muslims.[62][63][note 1][note 2]
Food[edit]
Islam has Quranic restrictions on food, such as how the meat is prepared.[67] Halal meat is required in Islam, prepared by ritual slaughter that involves cutting the jugular veins of the animal with a sharp knife. This leads to death, through bleeding, of the animal.[68] Meat from animals that die of natural causes or accident is not allowed, unless necessary.[67] Beef is a religiously acceptable food to Muslims, but pork and alcohol is not.[69] Muslims fast for the month of Ramadan.
Sikhs are prohibited from eating Islamic halal or Jewish kosher style meat because to them, this manner of obtaining meat involves a ritualistic component and a slow death of the animal. This is known as Kutha meat.[70][71] The official Sikh Code of Conduct Sikh Rehat Maryada only forbids the consumption of Kutha meat and instead suggests Jhatka style of preparation.[71] Charity meals distributed at a Sikh Gurudwara, called a langar, is only lacto-vegetarian.[70][72] Some groups[73] of Sikhism disagree with the consumption of meat altogether.[74] In practice, most Sikhs avoid beef due to cultural reasons in India, and some Sikhs are strict lacto-vegetarians.[71]
Jizya[edit]
Muslim rulers in history, compelled the payment of a special tax called Jizya from dhimmi, those who refuse to convert to Islam but live in a Muslim state. Dhimmis were excluded from having to pay Islamic religious tax such as zakat and excluded from observing other Islamic religious obligations.[75][76] Jizya was a tool of social stratification and treasury's revenue from non-Muslims.[76] Jizya was a reminder of subordination of a non-Muslim under some Muslim rulers, and created a financial and political incentive to convert to Islam.[76][77]
Sikhism has never required a special tax for non-Sikhs.
Holy sites[edit]
The Harmandir Sahib (also known as the Golden Temple).
The Golden Temple (Harmandir Sahib) in Amritsar, India is not only a central religious place of the Sikhs, but also a symbol of human brotherhood and equality. The four entrances of this holy shrine from all four directions, signify that people belonging to every walk of life are equally welcome. The Golden Temple is a holy site for Sikhs and is welcome to people of any faith.[78]
Masjid al-Haram Mecca.
Mecca in Saudi Arabia is the central religious place in Islam.[79][80] Mecca is regarded as the holiest city in Islam,[81] and a pilgrimage to it, known as the Hajj, is one of the pillars of Islam. Non-Muslims are prohibited from entering the city. Although in history, they've sometimes allowed non-Muslims to visit.[citation needed]
Pilgrimage
Sikhs do not believe in pilgrimages; Muslims, in contrast, consider Hajj (pilgrimage to Mecca) a crucial part of the faith.
History[edit]
During the Mughal Empire, Sikh gurus were persecuted along with other non-Muslims. The fifth Guru of Sikhs, Guru Arjan was executed by Jahangir.[20] There were occasional exceptions to the historical persecution. During Mughal Emperor Akbar's rule, for example, Sikhism and diverse religions were temporarily accepted. Akbar visited the third Sikh Guru, Guru Amardas at Goindwal, ate at the Langar kitchen, and offered donations for Langar.[82][83]
In other periods, Sikhs were persecuted during the Islamic rule of South Asia. Guru Arjan was tortured and executed by Mughal emperor Jahangir. Guru Hargobind, (sixth Guru of the Sikhs), after the martyrdom of Guru Arjan saw that it would no longer be possible to protect the Sikh community without the aid of arms.[16] He built Akal Takhat the Throne of the Immortal and it is the highest political institution of the Sikhs and he also wore two swords of Miri and Piri.[84]
Guru Tegh Bahadur (ninth Guru) was tortured and beheaded by Aurangzeb at Chandni Chowk in Delhi,[21] for refusing to convert to Islam and for protecting Kashmiri Hindus who were being forced to convert to Islam.[17][18][85] His fellow devotees Bhai Mati Das, Bhai Sati Das and Bhai Dayala were also tortured and executed, while Guru Tegh Bahadur was forced to watch.[19][86] Tenth Guru Guru Gobind Singh formed Khalsa known as Army of Akal Purakh (Immortal) and Gave 5 Ks to Khalsa. Two of the younger sons of Guru Gobind Singh aged 9 and 7 were bricked up alive by the Muslim governor Wazir Khan in Sarhand (Punjab). When Guru Gobind Singh was in South India, he sent Banda Singh Bahadur to chastise the repressive Mughal faiy`dar of Sirhind. Banda Singh captured Sirhind and laid the foundation of Sikh empire.[22] According to a popular myth, the Nawab of Malerkotla Sher Mohammad Khan, protested against the execution of Sahibzadas, after which Guru Gobind Singh blessed the state. This is considered as a reason by many historians due to which Malerkotla was the only city not harmed by Banda Singh Bahadur during his military campaign.[87][88]
The Muslims under Ranjit Singh of the Sikh Empire were mostly treated favorably and comprised the majority of the population of the empire. Ranjit Singh declared during his coronation that Muslims would be governed under Islamic law and appointed many of them in important official positions. The Muslim religious leadership and mosques continuously received state support under Sikh rule.[89][90] This was in contrast with the Muslims of Kashmir valley where Sikh rule was generally considered oppressive,[91] protected perhaps by the remoteness of Kashmir from the capital of the Sikh Empire in Lahore.[92] The region had passed from the control of the Durrani Empire of Afghanistan, and four centuries of Muslim rule under the Mughals and the Afghans, to the Sikhs under Ranjit Singh in 1819.[93] As the Kashmiris had suffered under the Afghans, they initially welcomed the new Sikh rulers,[94] however this perception later changed.[91] The Sikh rulers of Kashmir enacted a number of anti-Muslim laws,[92] which included handing out death sentences for cow slaughter,[94] closing down the Jamia Masjid in Srinagar, and banning the azaan, the public Muslim call to prayer.[92] Several European visitors who visited Kashmir during Sikh rule wrote of the abject poverty of the vast Muslim peasantry and of the exorbitant taxes under the Sikh rulers. High taxes, according to some contemporary accounts, had depopulated large tracts of the countryside.[94] However, after a famine in 1832, the Sikhs reduced the land tax.[92]
Recent relations[edit]
During the partition of India in 1947, there was much bloodshed between Sikhs and Muslims, there was mass migration of people from all walks of life to leave their homes and belongings and travel by foot across the new border, on trains and on land people were killed in what was felt to be revenge attacks.[95] Millions of Sikhs left Pakistan and moved into India, while millions of Muslims left India and moved into Pakistan.[95] Malerkotla was however not affected and was viewed as a safe haven for Muslims during the partition. The popular myth associated with it is that the town was not impacted because of Guru Gobind Singh blessing it after its Nawab protested against the execution of the Guru's sons.[88]
Since 9/11 Sikhs in America have endured hate crimes, denial of employment, bullying in schools and profiling in airports.[96]
In the UK, there have some instances of tension between Sikhs and Muslims on allegations that some Sikhs have been forced to convert to Islam.[97][98]
In 2009, the Taliban in Pakistan demanded that Sikhs in the region pay them the jizya (poll tax levied by Muslims on non-Muslim minorities).[99]
In 2010 the Taliban, a terrorist group, attacked many minorities including Sikhs resulting in two beheadings.[100]
In April 2016, two Muslim teens bombed a gurdwara in the German city of Essen. The two teen converted fire extinguishers into an explosive device. The devices detonated after a wedding party had left for the reception. A gurdwara priest was injured seriously, while two others were treated for minor injuries. The gurdwara building was damaged severely. One of the teens was in deradicalization program. The two denied it was religiously motivated saying “just for the kick of building fireworks!” However, before setting off the blast, the two 16-year-olds tried to break into the Sikh place of worship, North Rhine Westphalia (NRW).[101]
Sufi Muslims and Sikhs[edit]
Sufi Muslims, a minority group of mystical ascetics in Islam, considered to be one of its many sects,[102][103] have been long considered to be heretics and blasphemous in Wahabi and Salafi Islam.[104][105][106] The Sikh Gurus had cordial relations with many Muslim Sufi Saints.[14]
In December 1588, a Sufi saint of Lahore, Mian Mir, visited Guru Arjan Dev at the initiation ceremony before the construction of the Harmandir Sahib (Golden Temple).[107]
Ahmadiyya Muslims and Sikhs[edit]
Ahmadiyya, a minority reform sect that arose within Islam, believe in prophets after Muhammad and consider themselves to be Muslims.[108] They are, however, not recognized as Muslims by mainstream Sunni and Shia Islam, and are treated as blasphemous and persecuted.[108][109] Since the 18th century, Sufis and ancestors of Mirza Ghulam Ahmad – the founder of the Ahmadiyya Movement – had cordial relations with Sikhs, and they fought with Sikhs to resist the persecution by Sunni-based Mughal rule in northwest region of South Asia.[110] However, as Ranjit Singh established the Sikh Empire, there were conflicts between the Sikhs and the Jagir of Ahmad's father.[110]
See also[edit]
Battle of Chamkaur
Conversion of non-Muslim places of worship into mosques
Divisions of the world in Islam
Islam and other religions
Mughal Empire
Hinduism and Sikhism
Jainism and Sikhism
Ganga Sagar (urn)
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b According to Islamic scholars Ibrahim Lethome Asmani and Maryam Sheikh Abdi, "Examination of all the texts on Islamic jurisprudence (fiqh) shows that scholars have no consensus on FGM/C. For example the four schools of thought express the following views: The Hanafi view is that it is a sunnah (optional act) for both females and males; Maliki hold the view that it is wajib (obligatory) for males and sunnah (optional) for females; Shafi’i view it as wajib (obligatory) for both females and males; Hanbali have two opinions: it is wajib (obligatory) for both males and females, and it is wajib (obligatory) for males and makrumah (honourable) for females.[64]
Jump up ^ According to 2016 estimates of UNICEF, at least 200 million girls and women alive today worldwide have undergone female genital mutilation/cutting.[65] The 2013 report by the UNICEF states, "in many countries, FGM/C prevalence is highest among Muslim girls and women. The practice, however, is also found among Catholic and other Christian communities."[66]
References[edit]
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Jump up ^ See:
Quran 9:51
D. Cohen-Mor (2001), p.4: "The idea of predestination is reinforced by the frequent mention of events 'being written' or 'being in a book' before they happen: 'Say: "Nothing will happen to us except what Allah has decreed for us…" ' "
Ahmet T. Karamustafa. "Fate". Encyclopaedia of the Qur'an Online. : The verb qadara literally means "to measure, to determine". Here it is used to mean that "God measures and orders his creation".
Jump up ^ A Dictionary of Islam: By Thomas Patrick Hughes ISBN 81-206-0672-8 Page 591
Jump up ^ Farah (2003), pp.119–122; Patton (1900), p.130; Momen (1987), pp.177,178
Jump up ^ Singh, Gurapreet (2003). The soul of Sikhism. pp. 127–128. ISBN 978-81-288-0085-6.
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^ Jump up to: a b Martin, Richard (2004). Encyclopedia of Islam and the Muslim world. New York: Macmillan Reference USA Thomson/Gale. ISBN 978-0-02-865603-8.
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Bouhdiba, Abdelwahab (1998). The individual and society in Islam. Paris: Unesco Pub. ISBN 92-3-102742-5.
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Jump up ^ To Mutilate in the Name of Jehovah or Allah: Legitimization of Male and Female Circumcision Sami A. ALDEEB ABU-SAHLIEH, Medicine and Law, Volume 13, Number 7-8: July 1994, pp. 575-622
Jump up ^ Ibrahim Lethome Asmani and Maryam Sheikh Abdi (2008), De-linking Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting from Islam, Population Council, Washington DC, page 13
Jump up ^ At least 200 million girls and women alive today living in 30 countries have undergone FGM/C, UNICEF (2016)
Jump up ^ Female Genital Mutilation/Cutting: A statistical overview and exploration of the dynamics of change, UNICEF (2013), ISBN 978-92-806-4703-7, page 72
^ Jump up to: a b Quran 2:173
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Further reading[edit]
The Qu'ran, University of Southern California
Adi Granth - The Holy Scripture of the Sikhs, Ernest Trumpp, WH Allen & Co.
Talib, Gurbachan (1950). Muslim League Attack on Sikhs and Hindus in the Punjab 1947. India: Shiromani Gurdwara Prabandhak Committee. Online 1 Online 2
M.W. Smith (1948), Synthesis and Other Processes in Sikhism, American Anthropologist, 50(3), pp. 457–462
Peter van der Veer (2002), Religion in South Asia, Annual Review of Anthropology, Vol. 31, pp. 173–187
Louis Fenech (1997), Martyrdom and the Sikh tradition, Journal of the American Oriental Society, Vol. 117, No. 4 (Oct. - Dec., 1997), pp. 623–642
Chopra, R. M., Article on "Sikhism and Islam" in "Glory of Sikhism", published by SANBUN, New Delhi, OCLC 499896556, Glory of Sikhism at Google Books
External links[edit]
The Princely States, the Muslim League, and the Partition of India in 1947, Ian Copland (1991)
'August anarchy’: The partition massacres in Punjab, 1947, Swarna Aiyar (1995), Journal of South Asian Studies
Victims, heroes or martyrs? partition and the problem of memorialization in contemporary Sikh history, Paul Brass (2006)
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Grown-ish
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Grown-ish
Genre
Sitcom
Created by
Kenya Barris
Larry Wilmore
Based on
Black-ish
by Kenya Barris
Starring
Yara Shahidi
Deon Cole
Trevor Jackson
Francia Raisa
Emily Arlook
Jordan Buhat
Chloe Bailey
Halle Bailey
Luka Sabbat
Chris Parnell
Opening theme
"Grown" by Chloe x Halle
Composer(s)
Vincent Jones
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
13 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Anthony Anderson
Shalissa
Helen Sugland
Kenya Barris
Larry Wilmore
Julie Bean
Paul Young
Laurence Fishburne
Peter Principato
Tom Russo
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
22 minutes
Production company(s)
ABC Signature Studios
Khalabo Ink Society
Cinema Gypsy Productions
Principato-Young Entertainment
Distributor
Disney–ABC Domestic Television
Release
Original network
Freeform
Picture format
1080p (16:9 HDTV)
Audio format
Dolby Digital 5.1 with Descriptive Video Service on SAP channel
Original release
January 3, 2018 (2018-01-03) – present (present)
External links
Official website
Grown-ish (stylized as grown·ish) is an American sitcom series and a spin-off of the ABC series Black-ish. The single-camera comedy follows the Johnsons' eldest daughter Zoey (Yara Shahidi) as she heads off to college and begins her journey to adulthood but quickly discovers that not everything goes her way once she leaves the nest she always knew. Deon Cole, Trevor Jackson, Francia Raisa, Emily Arlook, Jordan Buhat, Chloe x Halle, Luka Sabbat, and Chris Parnell also star.
Created by Black-ish's Kenya Barris, the series is produced by Khalabo Ink Society, Wilmore Films, Cinema Gypsy Productions and Principato-Young Entertainment, with Anthony Anderson, Brian Dobbins, and Helen Sugland acting as executive producers. Freeform officially ordered 13 episodes of the spin-off in May 2017, and it premiered on January 3, 2018. On January 18, 2018, Freeform renewed the series for a second season of 20 episodes.
Contents
1 Cast and characters
1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
1.3 Notable guests
2 Production
2.1 Development and casting
3 Episodes
3.1 Season 1 (2018)
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Ratings
4.3 Accolades
5 References
6 External links
Cast and characters[edit]
Main[edit]
Yara Shahidi as Zoey Johnson - The protagonist of the series. Cal U is her safety school. She abandons her first college friend, Ana, at a party after Ana threw up from drinking too much alcohol, but later makes up with her. She meets her core six friends in Professor Telphy's class.
Deon Cole as Professor Charlie Telphy - A night time adjunct professor at Cal U teaching a class called "Digital Marketing Strategies", which is all about drones. He also appears as a regular character on the parent show Black-ish.
Trevor Jackson as Aaron Jackson - Aaron is a sophomore at Cal U. He has a peanut allergy and forearm tattoos. He is "woke" as evident by his many buttons to various causes.
Francia Raisa as Analisa "Ana" Patricia Torres - Ana is a freshman at Cal U. She was born to Cuban immigrants, is a devout Catholic, and a Republican, with a secret crush on Barack Obama. She is Zoey's roommate.
Emily Arlook as Nomi Segal[1] - Nomi is Jewish American. She is bisexual, but not out to her family.
Jordan Buhat as Vivek Shah - Vivek is a first generation Gujarati Indian. His parents are devout Hindus. He is a drug dealer to support his fashion choices.
Chloe Bailey as Jazlyn Forster - Jazlyn (twin of Skylar) is a track athlete at Cal U. She is from South Los Angeles.
Halle Bailey as Skylar Forster - Skylar (twin of Jazlyn) is a track athlete at Cal U. She is from South Los Angeles. Both girls are intensely smart, sassy, but focused on the bigger picture.
Luka Sabbat as Luca Hall - Luca is a freshman at Cal U and is a stoner. He once wore the same skirt as Zoey, but wore it better. He is very independent and a trend setter, as seen in his outlandish fashion choices and his relaxed attitude toward life. He also works alongside Zoey at Teen Vogue, an internship he got by chance.[2]
Chris Parnell as Dean Burt Parker - Burt is the dean of students. He is also Nomi's Uncle.
Recurring[edit]
Da'Vinchi as Cash Mooney - Cash is Zoey's ex-boyfriend. He broke up with her to play in the NBA
Diggy Simmons as Doug - Doug is Jazlyn's boyfriend
Notable guests[edit]
Anthony Anderson as Andre "Dre" Johnson Sr. - Zoey's father.
Tracee Ellis Ross as Dr. Rainbow "Bow" Johnson - Zoey's mother.
Production[edit]
Development and casting[edit]
"Liberal Arts", the 23rd episode of season 3 of Black-ish, functioned as a backdoor pilot for this spin-off, featuring Yara Shahidi's character, Zoey Johnson, as she goes to college. Shahidi stars in the series, with Chris Parnell, Mallory Sparks, Matt Walsh, and Trevor Jackson guest starring in the backdoor pilot.[3][4][5] The series was later titled College-ish, with Parnell and Jackson reprising their roles from the backdoor pilot, and Emily Arlook replacing Mallory Sparks in the role of Miriam.[6] In August 2017, Francia Raisa joined the cast as Ana along with Jordan Buhat as Vivek. Music duo Chloe and Halle would also star as twin sisters Sky and Jazz.[7]
On May 19, 2017, Freeform (ABC's sister network) officially ordered 13 episodes of the spinoff under the final title, Grown-ish.[8][9] On January 18, 2018, Freeform renewed the series for a second season.[10]
Episodes[edit]
Season 1 (2018)[edit]
No.
Title [11]
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
US viewers
(millions)
1
"Late Registration" Kevin Bray Story by: Kenya Barris & Jenifer Rice-Genzuk Henry
Teleplay by: Jenifer Rice-Genzuk Henry
January 3, 2018 (2018-01-03) 0.95[12]
2
"Bitch, Don't Kill My Vibe" Stella Meghie Jordan Reddout & Gus Hickey January 3, 2018 (2018-01-03) 0.92[12]
3
"If You're Reading This, It's Too Late" Steven Caple Jr. Hale Rothstein January 10, 2018 (2018-01-10) 0.66[13]
4
"Starboy" John Fortenberry Elaine Welteroth & Chad Sanders January 17, 2018 (2018-01-17) 0.90[14]
5
"C.R.E.A.M. (Cash Rules Everything Around Me)" Pete Chatmon Craig Doyle January 24, 2018 (2018-01-24) 0.64[15]
6
"Cashin' Out" Todd Biermann Chris Spencer January 31, 2018 (2018-01-31) 0.61[16]
7
"Un-Break My Heart" Steven Tsuchida Kara Brown February 7, 2018 (2018-02-07) 0.54[17]
8
"Erase Your Social" Amy York Rubin Vanessa McGee February 14, 2018 (2018-02-14) 0.48[18]
9
"Who Gon Stop Me" Eric Dean Seaton Melanie Kirschbaum & Alexandra Decas February 28, 2018 (2018-02-28) 0.52[19]
10
"It's Hard Out Here for a Pimp" Marta Cunningham Hale Rothstein & Jenifer Rice-Genzuk Henry March 7, 2018 (2018-03-07) 0.44[20]
11
"Safe and Sound" Silver Tree Helen Krieger & Emily Miller March 14, 2018 (2018-03-14) 0.47[21]
12
"Crew Love" Pete Chatmon Hale Rothstein & Jenifer Rice-Genzuk Henry March 21, 2018 (2018-03-21) 0.43[22]
13
"Back & Forth" Steven Caple Jr. Isaac Schamis & Danny Segal March 28, 2018 (2018-03-28) 0.40[23]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregation website Rotten Tomatoes, the series has an approval rating of 92% based on 24 reviews, with an average rating of 7.5/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "grown-ish quickly works through its growing pains to establish itself as its own socially aware show with a fresh perspective on the college experience, driven by the charming and capable Yara Shahidi."[24] Metacritic, which uses a weighted average, assigned a score of 71 out of 100, based on 15 critics, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[25]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Late Registration" January 3, 2018 0.4 0.95[12] N/A N/A N/A N/A
2 "Bitch, Don't Kill My Vibe" January 3, 2018 0.4 0.92[12] N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 "If You're Reading This, It's Too Late" January 10, 2018 0.3 0.66[13] 0.4 0.66 0.7 1.33[26]
4 "Starboy" January 17, 2018 0.4 0.90[14] 0.3 N/A 0.7[27] N/A
5 "C.R.E.A.M. (Cash Rules Everything Around Me)" January 24, 2018 0.3 0.64[15] 0.3 0.64 0.6 1.29[28]
6 "Cashin' Out" January 31, 2018 0.3 0.61[16] 0.3 N/A 0.6[29] N/A
7 "Un-Break My Heart" February 7, 2018 0.3 0.54[17] 0.3 0.68 0.6 1.22[30]
8 "Erase Your Social" February 14, 2018 0.2 0.48[18] N/A N/A N/A N/A
9 "Who Gon Stop Me" February 28, 2018 0.2 0.52[19] N/A N/A N/A N/A
10 "It's Hard Out Here for a Pimp" March 7, 2018 0.2 0.44[20] 0.3 0.53 0.5 0.97[31]
11 "Safe and Sound" March 14, 2018 0.2 0.47[21] 0.3 0.55 0.5 1.02[32]
12 "Crew Love" March 21, 2018 0.2 0.43[22] N/A 0.53 N/A 0.96[33]
13 "Back & Fourth" March 28, 2018 0.2 0.40[23] N/A 0.53 N/A 0.93[34]
Accolades[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref.
2018 MTV Movie & TV Awards Best Show Grown-ish Nominated [35]
Black Reel Awards Outstanding Comedy Series Anthony Anderson, Kenya Barris, Julie Bean, E. Brian Dobbins, Laurence Fishburne, Helen Sugland, Jamie Pedrosa, Tom Ragazzo Nominated
Outstanding Actress in a Comedy Series Yara Shahidi Nominated
Teen Choice Awards Choice Comedy TV Actress Pending [36]
Choice Breakout TV Star Luka Sabbat Pending
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Freshmen Comedies Grown-ish And Alone Together Premiering January 2018" (Press release). Freeform. 2017-10-18. Retrieved 2017-10-21.
Jump up ^ https://www.refinery29.com/2018/02/189303/grown-ish-recap-season-1-episode-8
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 19, 2017). "'Black-Ish' Spinoff Starring Yara Shahidi In Works At ABC From Kenya Barris & Larry Wilmore". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (April 6, 2017). "Chris Parnell Stars In 'Black-ish' Spinoff, Matt Walsh & Trevor Jackson Also Cast". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved April 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ "(#323) "Liberal Arts"". the Futon Critic. April 17, 2017. Retrieved April 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Stanhope, Kate (August 2, 2017). "Freeform's 'Black-ish' Spinoff Adds Trio to Cast". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Agard, Chancellor (August 30, 2017). "Grown-ish: Black-ish spin-off adds two cast members". Entertainment Weekly. Time Inc. Retrieved August 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (May 19, 2017). "'Black-ish' Spinoff 'College-ish' Starring Yara Shahidi Gets Freeform Series Order". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Adalian (May 19, 2017). "Freeform Picks Up New Black-ish Spin-Off Grown-ish (Formerly College-ish)". Retrieved May 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (January 19, 2018). "'Grown-ish' Renewed For Season 2 By Freeform". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved January 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Shows A-Z grown-ish on Freeform". The Futon Critic. Retrieved March 2, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Metcalf, Mitch (January 4, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.3.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 4, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (January 11, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.10.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 11, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (January 18, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.17.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 18, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (January 25, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.24.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved January 25, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (February 1, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.31.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (February 8, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.7.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (February 15, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.14.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (March 1, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.28.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 1, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (March 8, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 3.7.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (March 15, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 3.14.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 15, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (March 22, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 3.21.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (March 29, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 3.28.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Grown-ish: Season 1 (2018)". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Grown-ish - Season 1 Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (January 26, 2018). "'Nashville' grows by 400 percent in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 8-14". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 1, 2018). "'Assassination of Gianni Versace' posts solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 15-21". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 8, 2018). "'Waco' premiere doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 22-28". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 15, 2018). "'The Alienist' doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for Jan. 29-Feb. 4". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (February 22, 2018). "'Assassination of Gianni Versace' posts more big gains in cable Live +7 ratings for Feb. 5-11". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 22, 2018). "'Atlanta' and 'The Alienist' make more solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for March 5–11". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 29, 2018). "'The Fosters' finale doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for March 12–18". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 6, 2018). "'Krypton' premiere makes solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for March 19–25". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 11, 2018). "'Siren' premiere doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for March 26-April 1". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ "MTV Movie & TV Awards 2018 Nominations: Complete List". The Hollywood Reporter. May 3, 2018. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Swift, Andy (June 22, 2018). "Teen Choice Awards 2018: Riverdale Leads Final Wave of TV Nominations". TVLine. Retrieved June 22, 2018.
External links[edit]
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Grown-ish on IMDb
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Alone Together (since 2018)
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Grown-ish (since 2018)
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Siren (since 2018)
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31 Nights of Halloween
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