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Storming of the Bastille
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Storming of the Bastille
Part of the French Revolution

Storming of The Bastile by Jean-Pierre Houël
Date
14 July 1789; 228 years ago (1789-07-14)
Location
Paris, France
48°51′11″N 2°22′09″E / 48.85306°N 2.36917°E / 48.85306; 2.36917Coordinates: 48°51′11″N 2°22′09″E / 48.85306°N 2.36917°E / 48.85306; 2.36917
Result
Bastille captured, rebellion begins
Belligerents
French government Parisian militia
Gardes françaises
Commanders and leaders
Bernard-René de Launay Camille Desmoulins
Pierre-Augustin Hulin
Strength
114 soldiers, 30 artillery pieces Up to 1,000 insurgents
Casualties and losses
One (six or possibly eight killed after surrender) 98 killed
The Storming of the Bastille (French: Prise de la Bastille [pʁiz də la bastij]) occurred in Paris, France, on the afternoon of 14 July 1789. The medieval fortress, armory, and political prison in Paris known as the Bastille represented royal authority in the centre of Paris. The prison contained just seven inmates at the time of its storming, but was seen by the revolutionaries as a symbol of the monarchy's abuses of power; its fall was the flashpoint of the French Revolution.
In France, Le quatorze juillet (14 July) is a public holiday, usually called Bastille Day in English.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Necker's dismissal
3 Armed conflict
4 Storming the Bastille (14 July 1789)
5 References
5.1 Additional sources
6 Further reading
7 External links
8 In popular culture
Background
During the reign of Louis XVI, France faced a major economic crisis, caused in part by the cost of intervening in the American Revolution, and exacerbated by a regressive system of taxation.[1] On 5 May 1789, the Estates General of 1789 convened to deal with this issue, but were held back by archaic protocols and the conservatism of the second estate, consisting of the nobility and amounting to only 2% of France's population.[2] On 17 June 1789, the third estate, with its representatives drawn from the commoners, reconstituted themselves as the National Assembly, a body whose purpose was the creation of a French constitution. The king initially opposed this development, but was forced to acknowledge the authority of the assembly, which renamed itself the National Constituent Assembly on 9 July.[3]
The commoners had formed the National Guard, sporting tricolour cockades (cocardes) of blue, white and red, formed by combining the red and blue cockade of Paris and the white cockade of the king. These cockades, and soon simply their colour scheme, became the symbol of the revolution and, later, of France itself.[4]
Paris, close to insurrection and, in François Mignet's words, "intoxicated with liberty and enthusiasm",[5] showed wide support for the Assembly. The press published the Assembly's debates; political debate spread beyond the Assembly itself into the public squares and halls of the capital. The Palais-Royal and its grounds became the site of an ongoing meeting.[6] The crowd, on the authority of the meeting at the Palais-Royal, broke open the prisons of the Abbaye to release some grenadiers of the French guards, reportedly imprisoned for refusing to fire on the people.[7] The Assembly recommended the imprisoned guardsmen to the clemency of the king; they returned to prison, and received pardon. The rank and file of the regiment, previously considered reliable, now leaned toward the popular cause.[8]
Necker's dismissal
On 11 July 1789, Louis XVI-acting under the influence of the conservative nobles of his privy council—dismissed and banished his finance minister, Jacques Necker (who had been sympathetic to the Third Estate) and completely reconstructed the ministry.[9] The marshals Victor-François, duc de Broglie, la Galissonnière, the duc de la Vauguyon, the Baron Louis de Breteuil, and the intendant Foulon, took over the posts of Puységur, Armand Marc, comte de Montmorin, La Luzerne, Saint-Priest, and Necker.
Jacques Necker (1732–1804), French minister of finance
News of Necker's dismissal reached Paris in the afternoon of Sunday, 12 July. The Parisians generally presumed that the dismissal marked the start of a coup by conservative elements.[10] Liberal Parisians were further enraged by the fear that a concentration of Royal troops—brought in from frontier garrisons to Versailles, Sèvres, the Champ de Mars, and Saint-Denis—would attempt to shut down the National Constituent Assembly, which was meeting in Versailles. Crowds gathered throughout Paris, including more than ten thousand at the Palais-Royal. Camille Desmoulins successfully rallied the crowd by "mounting a table, pistol in hand, exclaiming: 'Citizens, there is no time to lose; the dismissal of Necker is the knell of a Saint Bartholomew for patriots! This very night all the Swiss and German battalions will leave the Champ de Mars to massacre us all; one resource is left; to take arms!'"[5]
The Swiss and German regiments referred to were among the foreign mercenary troops who made up a significant portion of the pre-revolutionary Royal Army, and were seen as being less likely to be sympathetic to the popular cause than ordinary French soldiers.[11] By early July, approximately half of the 25,000 regular troops in Paris and Versailles were drawn from these foreign regiments. The French regiments included in the concentration appear to have been selected either because of the proximity of their garrisons to Paris or because their colonels were supporters of the reactionary "court party" opposed to reform.[3]
During the public demonstrations that started on 12 July, the multitude displayed busts of Necker and of Louis Philippe II, Duke of Orléans, then marched from the Palais Royal through the theater district before continuing westward along the boulevards. The crowd clashed with the Royal German Cavalry Regiment ("Royal-Allemand") between the Place Vendôme and the Tuileries Palace. From atop the Champs-Élysées, the Prince de Lambesc unleashed a cavalry charge that dispersed the remaining protesters at Place Louis XV—now Place de la Concorde.[12] The Royal commander, Baron de Besenval, fearing the results of a blood bath amongst the poorly armed crowds or defections among his own men, then withdrew the cavalry towards Sèvres.[13] Meanwhile, unrest was growing among the people of Paris who expressed their hostility against state authorities by attacking customs posts blamed for causing increased food and wine prices.[14] The people of Paris started to plunder any place where food, guns and supplies could be hoarded. That night, rumors spread that supplies were being hoarded at Saint-Lazare, a huge property of the clergy, which functioned as convent, hospital, school and even as a jail. An angry mob broke in and plundered the property,[15] seizing 52 wagons of wheat, which were taken to the public market. That same day multitudes of people plundered many other places including weapon arsenals. The Royal troops did nothing to stop the spreading of social chaos in Paris during those days.[16]
Armed conflict
The Bastille of Paris before the Revolution.
The regiment of Gardes Françaises (French Guards) formed the permanent garrison of Paris and, with many local ties, was favourably disposed towards the popular cause.[17] This regiment had remained confined to its barracks during the initial stages of the mid-July disturbances. With Paris becoming the scene of a general riot, Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc (Marshal of the Camp, Proprietor of the Royal Allemand-Dragoons), not trusting the regiment to obey his order, posted sixty dragoons to station themselves before its dépôt in the Chaussée d'Antin. The officers of the French Guards made ineffectual attempts to rally their men. The rebellious citizenry had now acquired a trained military contingent. As word of this spread, the commanders of the royal forces encamped on the Champ de Mars became doubtful of the dependability of even the foreign regiments.[18] The future "Citizen King", Louis-Philippe, duc d'Orléans, witnessed these events as a young officer and was of the opinion that the soldiers would have obeyed orders if put to the test. He also commented in retrospect that the officers of the French Guards had neglected their responsibilities in the period before the uprising, leaving the regiment too much to the control of its non-commissioned officers.[19] However, the uncertain leadership of Besenval led to a virtual abdication of royal authority in central Paris. On the morning of 13 July the electors of Paris met and agreed to the recruitment of a "bourgeois militia" of 48,000 men[20]from the sixty voting districts of Paris, to restore order.[21]
Storming the Bastille (14 July 1789)
People in the Castle of Bastille, (Musée de la Révolution française).
On the morning of 14 July 1789, the city of Paris was in a state of alarm. The partisans of the Third Estate in France, now under the control of the Bourgeois Militia of Paris (soon to become Revolutionary France's National Guard), had earlier stormed the Hôtel des Invalides without meeting significant opposition.[22] Their intention had been to gather the weapons held there (29,000 to 32,000 muskets, but without powder or shot). The commandant at the Invalides had in the previous few days taken the precaution of transferring 250 barrels of gunpowder to the Bastille for safer storage.[23]
At this point, the Bastille was nearly empty, housing only seven prisoners:[24] four forgers, two "lunatics" and one "deviant" aristocrat, the Comte de Solages (the Marquis de Sade had been transferred out ten days earlier).[23]
The high cost of maintaining a garrisoned medieval fortress, for what was seen as having a limited purpose, had led to a decision being made shortly before the disturbances began to replace it with an open public space.[25] Amid the tensions of July 1789, the building remained as a symbol of royal tyranny.
The regular garrison consisted of 82 invalides (veteran soldiers no longer suitable for service in the field).[26] It had however been reinforced on 7 July by 32 grenadiers of the Swiss Salis-Samade Regiment from the regular troops on the Champ de Mars.[27] The walls mounted 18 eight-pound guns and 12 smaller pieces. The governor was Bernard-René de Launay, son of the previous governor and actually born within the Bastille.[23]
Arrest of de Launay, by Jean-Baptiste Lallemand, 1790, (Musée de la Révolution française)
Arrest of de Launay by an anonymous artist. A 2013 analysis of the Bastille dimensions showed that it did not tower over the neighborhood as was depicted in the paintings but was more of a comparable height to other buildings in the neighborhood.[28]
The official list of vainqueurs de la Bastille (conquerors of the Bastille) subsequently compiled has 954 names,[29] and the total of the crowd was probably fewer than one thousand. A breakdown of occupations included in the list indicates that the majority were local artisans, together with some regular army deserters and a few distinctive categories such as 21 wine merchants.[30]
The crowd gathered outside around mid-morning, calling for the surrender of the prison, the removal of the cannon and the release of the arms and gunpowder.[23] Two representatives of the crowd outside were invited into the fortress and negotiations began, and another was admitted around noon with definite demands. The negotiations dragged on while the crowd grew and became impatient.[31] Around 1:30, the crowd surged into the undefended outer courtyard. A small party climbed onto the roof of a building next to the gate to the inner courtyard and broke the chains on the drawbridge, crushing one vainqueur as it fell. Soldiers of the garrison called to the people to withdraw but in the noise and confusion these shouts were misinterpreted as encouragement to enter.[2] Gunfire began, apparently spontaneously, turning the crowd into a mob. The crowd seems to have felt that they had been intentionally drawn into a trap and the fighting became more violent and intense, while attempts by deputies to organise a cease-fire were ignored by the attackers.[2]
The firing continued, and after 3:00 pm, the attackers were reinforced by mutinous gardes françaises, along with two cannons. A substantial force of Royal Army troops encamped on the Champ de Mars did not intervene.[32] With the possibility of mutual carnage suddenly apparent, Governor de Launay ordered a cease-fire at 5:00 pm. A letter offering his terms was handed out to the besiegers through a gap in the inner gate. His demands were refused, but de Launay nonetheless capitulated, as he realised that with limited food stocks and no water supply[30] his troops could not hold out much longer. He accordingly opened the gates to the inner courtyard, and the vainqueurs swept in to liberate the fortress at 5:30.[33]
Ninety-eight attackers and one defender had died in the actual fighting, a disparity accounted for by the protection provided to the garrison by the fortress walls.[34] De Launay was seized and dragged towards the Hôtel de Ville in a storm of abuse. Outside the Hôtel, a discussion as to his fate began.[35] The badly beaten de Launay shouted "Enough! Let me die!"[36] and kicked a pastry cook named Dulait in the groin. De Launay was then stabbed repeatedly and died. An English traveller, Doctor Edward Rigby, reported what he saw, " [We] perceived two bloody heads raised on pikes, which were said to be the heads of the Marquis de Launay, Governor of the Bastille, and of Monsieur Flesselles, Prévôt des Marchands. It was a chilling and a horrid sight! … Shocked and disgusted at this scene, [we] retired immediately from the streets.[37]"
The three officers of the permanent Bastille garrison were also killed by the crowd; surviving police reports detail their wounds and clothing.[38]
Two of the invalides of the garrison were lynched, but all but two of the Swiss regulars of the Salis-Samade Regiment were protected by the French Guards and eventually released to return to their regiment. Their officer, Lieutenant Louis de Flue, wrote a detailed report on the defense of the Bastille, which was incorporated in the logbook of the Salis-Samade and has survived.[39] It is (perhaps unfairly) critical of the dead Marquis de Launay, whom de Flue accuses of weak and indecisive leadership.[39] The blame for the fall of the Bastille would rather appear to lie with the inertia of the commanders of the 5,000[40] Royal Army troops encamped on the Champ de Mars, who did not act when either the nearby Hôtel des Invalides or the Bastille were attacked.
Engraving, c. 1789: militia hoisting the heads of Flesselles and the Marquis de Launay on pikes. The caption reads "Thus we take revenge on traitors".
Returning to the Hôtel de Ville, the mob accused the prévôt dès marchands (roughly, mayor) Jacques de Flesselles of treachery, and he was assassinated en route to an ostensible trial at the Palais-Royal.[41]

Sans-culottes wearing iconic Phrygian caps and tricolor cockades
The Place de la Bastille and the July Column where the Bastille once stood.
The king first learned of the storming only the next morning through the Duke of La Rochefoucauld. "Is it a revolt?" asked Louis XVI. The duke replied: "No sire, it's not a revolt; it's a revolution."[42]
At Versailles, the Assembly remained ignorant of most of the Paris events, but eminently aware that Marshal de Broglie stood on the brink of unleashing a pro-Royalist coup to force the Assembly to adopt the order of 23 June[43] and then to dissolve. The vicomte de Noailles apparently first brought reasonably accurate news of the Paris events to Versailles. M. Ganilh and Bancal-des-Issarts, dispatched to the Hôtel de Ville, confirmed his report.[44]
By the morning of 15 July, the outcome appeared clear to the king as well, and he and his military commanders backed down.[45] The Royal troops concentrated around Paris dispersed to their frontier garrisons. The Marquis de la Fayette took up command of the National Guard at Paris;[46] Jean-Sylvain Bailly – leader of the Third Estate and instigator of the Tennis Court Oath – became the city's mayor under a new governmental structure known as the Commune de Paris.[47] The king announced that he would recall Necker and return from Versailles to Paris; on 17 July, in Paris, he accepted a tricolour cockade from Bailly and entered the Hôtel de Ville to cries of "Long live the King" and "Long live the Nation".[48]
Nonetheless, after this violence, nobles – little assured by the apparent and, as it was to prove, temporary reconciliation of king and people – started to flee the country as émigrés.[49] Among the first to leave were the comte d'Artois (the future Charles X of France) and his two sons, the prince de Condé, the prince de Conti, the Polignac family, and (slightly later) Charles Alexandre de Calonne, the former finance minister. They settled at Turin, where Calonne, as agent for the count d'Artois and the prince de Condé, began plotting civil war within the kingdom and agitating for a European coalition against France.[50]
The news of the successful insurrection at Paris spread throughout France. In accord with principles of popular sovereignty and with complete disregard for claims of royal authority, the people established parallel structures of municipalities for civic government and militias for civic protection.[21] In rural areas, many went beyond this: some burned title-deeds and no small number of châteaux, as the "Great Fear" spread across the countryside during the weeks of 20 July to 5 August, with attacks on wealthy landlords impelled by the belief that the aristocracy was trying to put down the revolution.[51][52]
On July 22, 1789 the populace lynched Joseph Foullon de Doué and his son-in-law[53] Louis Bénigne François Bertier de Sauvigny. Both held official positions under the monarchy.
Although there were arguments that the Bastille should be preserved as a monument to liberation or as a depot for the new National Guard, the Permanent Committee of Municipal Electors at the Paris Town Hall gave the construction entrepreneur Pierre-François Palloy the commission of disassembling the building.[54] Palloy commenced work immediately. The demolition of the fortress itself, the melting down of its clock portraying chained prisoners, and the breaking up of four statues were all carried out within five months.[55]
On July 16, 1789, two days after the Storming of the Bastille, John Frederick Sackville, serving as ambassador to France, reported to Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs Francis Osborne, 5th Duke of Leeds, "Thus, my Lord, the greatest revolution that we know anything of has been effected with, comparatively speaking—if the magnitude of the event is considered—the loss of very few lives. From this moment we may consider France as a free country, the King a very limited monarch, and the nobility as reduced to a level with the rest of the nation.[56]"
In 1790, Lafayette gave the cast-iron, one-pound and three-ounce key to the Bastille to American President George Washington. Washington displayed it prominently at government facilities and events in New York and in Philadelphia until shortly before his retirement in 1797. The key remains on display at Washington's residence of Mount Vernon.[57]
References
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^ Jump up to: a b c Simon Schama, p. 402 Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, ISBN 0-670-81012-6
^ Jump up to: a b M. J. Sydenham, p. 46 The French Revolution, B. T. Batsford Ltd London 1965
Jump up ^ Georges Lefebvre, p. 114 The Coming of the French Revolution, ISBN 9780691121888
^ Jump up to: a b Mignet 1824, §Chapter I
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Jump up ^ Munro Price, pp. 85–87 The Fall of the French Monarchy, ISBN 0-330-48827-9
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Jump up ^ Munro Price, p. 76 The Fall of the French Monarchy, ISBN 0-330-48827-9
Jump up ^ Micah Alpaugh, "The Politics of Escalation in French Revolutionary Protest: Political Demonstrations, Nonviolence and Violence in the Grandes journees of 1789", French History (Fall 2009)
Jump up ^ Simon Schama, page 385 Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, ISBN 0-670-81012-6
Jump up ^ Richard Cobb and Colin James, p. 73 The French Revolution. Voices From a Momentous Epoch 1789–1795, CN 8039 Guild Publishing 1988
Jump up ^ Munro Price, page 88 The Fall of the French Monarchy, ISBN 0-330-48827-9
Jump up ^ Louis, Bergeron (1970). Le Monde et son Histoire. Paris. p. Volume VII, Chapter VI. Micah Alpaugh, "The Politics of Escalation in French Revolutionary Protest: Political Demonstrations, Nonviolence and Violence in the Grandes Journees of 1789", French History (2009)
Jump up ^ Terry Crowdy, p. 6 French Revolutionary Infantry 1789–1802, ISBN 1-84176-660-7
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Jump up ^ Comments recorded in diary entries made by Louis-Philipp during 1789
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^ Jump up to: a b c d Simon Schama, p. 399 Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, ISBN 0-670-81012-6
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Jump up ^ Christopher J. Tozzi, p. 54 "Nationalizing France's Army. Foreign, Black and Jewish Troops in the French Military, 1715–1831, ISBN 978-0-8139-3833-2
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Jump up ^ Simon Schama, pp. 419–20 Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, ISBN 0-670-81012-6
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Jump up ^ Terry Crowdy, p. 9 French Revolutionary Infantry 1789–1802, ISBN 1-84176-660-7
Jump up ^ François Furet and Mona Ozouf, eds. A Critical Dictionary of the French Revolution (1989), pp. 519–28
Jump up ^ M. J. Sydenham, p. 50 The French Revolution, B. T. Batsford Ltd London 1965
Jump up ^ Munro Price, page 93 The Fall of the French Monarchy, ISBN 0-330-48827-9
Jump up ^ Richard Cobb and Colin James, p. 129 The French Revolution. Voices From a Momentous Epoch 1789–1795, CN 8039 Guild Publishing 1988
Jump up ^ M. J. Sydenham, p. 54 The French Revolution, B. T. Batsford Ltd London 1965
Jump up ^ Richard Cobb and Colin James, p. 77 The French Revolution. Voices From a Momentous Epoch 1789–1795, CN 8039 Guild Publishing 1988
Jump up ^ M. J. Sydenham, p. 55 The French Revolution, B. T. Batsford Ltd London 1965
Jump up ^ Simon Schama, p. 412 Citizens: A Chronicle of the French Revolution, ISBN 0-670-81012-6
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Additional sources
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "article name needed". Encyclopædia Britannica (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
This article incorporates text from the public domain History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814, by François Mignet (1824), as made available by Project Gutenberg.
Further reading
Paris portal
History portal
France portal
Communism portal
Alpaugh, Micah. "The Politics of Escalation in French Revolutionary Protest: Political Demonstrations, Nonviolence and Violence in the Grandes journees of 1789", French History (Fall 2009).
Alpaugh, Micah. "A Self-Defining Bourgeoisie in the Early French Revolution: The Milice bourgeoise, the Bastille Days of 1789, and their Aftermath", Journal of Social History 47, no. 3 (Spring 2014), 696–720.
Lüsebrink, Hans-Jürgen; Reichardt, Rolf; Schürer, Norbert (1997). The Bastille. Duke University Press. ISBN 978-0-8223-1894-1.
Mignet, Francois-Auguste (1 January 2006). History of the French Revolution from 1789 to 1814.
Taylor, David (1997). The French Revolution. Heinemann. pp. 16–17. ISBN 978-0-435-31694-5.
Stephens, Henry Morse (1886). A History of the French Revolution. C. Scribner's sons. pp. 128–68.
Sewell, William H. "Historical Events as Transformations of Structures: Inventing Revolution at the Bastille", Theory and Society 25, no. 6 (Dec., 1996), 841–81.
Abbott, John Stevens Cabot (1887). The French Revolution of 1789 as Viewed in the Light of Republican Institutions. Jefferson Press. pp. 112–22.
External links
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Storming of the Bastille.
Place de la Bastille – Official French website (in English)
Thomas Jefferson's letter to John Jay recounting the storming of the Bastille
In popular culture
Austrian composer Carl Ditters von Dittersdorf wrote his Symphony in C Major as a tribute to the event. The first movement of the piece is known as La Prise De La Bastille.[citation needed]
In Book 2 of Charles Dickens' A Tale of Two Cities, the Defarges help lead the assault on the Bastille.
1789: Les Amants de la Bastille, stage musical whose main characters are split up during the early stages, then reunited during the storming of the Bastille
The protagonist of Assassin's Creed Unity, Arno Dorian, is depicted as being one of the prisoners in the Bastille when it gets stormed, and manages to escape in the confusion.
Bastille Day was a song written in 1975 by the progressive rock band Rush about the siege, and was included on their album Caress of Steel.
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1788
Day of the Tiles (7 Jun 1788)
Assembly of Vizille (21 Jul 1788)
1789
What Is the Third Estate? (Jan 1789)
Réveillon riots (28 Apr 1789)
Convocation of the Estates-General (5 May 1789)
National Assembly (17 Jun – 9 Jul 1790)
Tennis Court Oath (20 Jun 1789)
National Constituent Assembly (9 Jul – 30 Sep 1791)
Storming of the Bastille (14 Jul 1789)
Great Fear (20 Jul – 5 Aug 1789)
Abolition of Feudalism (4-11 Aug 1789)
Declaration of the Rights of Man and of the Citizen (27 Aug 1789)
Women's March on Versailles (5 Oct 1789)
1790
Abolition of the Parlements (Feb–Jul 1790)
Abolition of the Nobility (19 Jun 1790)
Civil Constitution of the Clergy (12 Jul 1790)
1791
Flight to Varennes (20–21 Jun 1791)
Champ de Mars Massacre (17 Jul 1791)
Declaration of Pillnitz (27 Aug 1791)
The Constitution of 1791 (3 Sep 1791)
Legislative Assembly (1 Oct 1791 – Sep 1792)
1792
France declares war (20 Apr 1792)
Brunswick Manifesto (25 Jul 1792)
Paris Commune becomes insurrectionary (Jun 1792)
10th of August (10 Aug 1792)
September Massacres (Sep 1792)
National Convention (20 Sep 1792 – 26 Oct 1795)
First republic declared (22 Sep 1792)
1793
Execution of Louis XVI (21 Jan 1793)
Revolutionary Tribunal (9 Mar 1793 – 31 May 1795)
Reign of Terror (27 Jun 1793 – 27 Jul 1794)
Committee of Public Safety
Committee of General Security
Fall of the Girondists (2 Jun 1793)
Assassination of Marat (13 Jul 1793)
Levée en masse (23 Aug 1793)
The Death of Marat (painting)
Law of Suspects (17 Sep 1793)
Marie Antoinette is guillotined (16 Oct 1793)
Anti-clerical laws (throughout the year)
1794
Danton and Desmoulins guillotined (5 Apr 1794)
Law of 22 Prairial (10 Jun 1794)
Thermidorian Reaction (27 Jul 1794)
Robespierre guillotined (28 Jul 1794)
White Terror (Fall 1794)
Closing of the Jacobin Club (11 Nov 1794)
1795
Constitution of the Year III (22 Aug 1795)
Conspiracy of the Equals (Nov 1795)
Directoire (1795–99)
Council of Five Hundred
Council of Ancients
1797
Coup of 18 Fructidor (4 Sep 1797)
Second Congress of Rastatt (Dec 1797)
1799
Coup of 30 Prairial VII (18 Jun 1799)
Coup of 18 Brumaire (9 Nov 1799)
Constitution of the Year VIII (24 Dec 1799)
Consulate
[show]
Revolutionary campaigns
1792
Verdun
Thionville
Valmy
Royalist Revolts
Chouannerie
Vendée
Dauphiné
Lille
Siege of Mainz
Jemappes
Namur (fr)
1793
First Coalition
Siege of Toulon (18 Sep – 18 Dec 1793)
War in the Vendée
Battle of Neerwinden)
Battle of Famars (23 May 1793)
Expédition de Sardaigne (21 Dec 1792 - 25 May 1793)
Battle of Kaiserslautern
Siege of Mainz
Battle of Wattignies
Battle of Hondschoote
Siege of Bellegarde
Battle of Peyrestortes (Pyrenees)
First Battle of Wissembourg (13 Oct 1793)
Battle of Truillas (Pyrenees)
Second Battle of Wissembourg (26–27 Dec 1793)
1794
Battle of Villers-en-Cauchies (24 Apr 1794)
Battle of Boulou (Pyrenees) (30 Apr – 1 May 1794)
Battle of Tournay (22 May 1794)
Battle of Fleurus (26 Jun 1794)
Chouannerie
Battle of Tourcoing (18 May 1794)
Battle of Aldenhoven (2 Oct 1794)
1795
Peace of Basel
1796
Battle of Lonato (3–4 Aug 1796)
Battle of Castiglione (5 Aug 1796)
Battle of Theiningen
Battle of Neresheim (11 Aug 1796)
Battle of Amberg (24 Aug 1796)
Battle of Würzburg (3 Sep 1796)
Battle of Rovereto (4 Sep 1796)
First Battle of Bassano (8 Sep 1796)
Battle of Emmendingen (19 Oct 1796)
Battle of Schliengen (26 Oct 1796)
Second Battle of Bassano (6 Nov 1796)
Battle of Calliano (6–7 Nov 1796)
Battle of the Bridge of Arcole (15–17 Nov 1796)
The Ireland Expedition (Dec 1796)
1797
Naval Engagement off Brittany (13 Jan 1797)
Battle of Rivoli (14–15 Jan 1797)
Battle of the Bay of Cádiz (25 Jan 1797)
Treaty of Leoben (17 Apr 1797)
Battle of Neuwied (18 Apr 1797)
Treaty of Campo Formio (17 Oct 1797)
1798
French invasion of Switzerland (28 January – 17 May 1798)
French Invasion of Egypt (1798–1801)
Irish Rebellion of 1798 (23 May – 23 Sep 1798)
Quasi-War (1798–1800)
Peasants' War (12 Oct – 5 Dec 1798)
1799
Second Coalition (1798–1802)
Siege of Acre (20 Mar – 21 May 1799)
Battle of Ostrach (20–21 Mar 1799)
Battle of Stockach (25 Mar 1799)
Battle of Magnano (5 Apr 1799)
Battle of Cassano (27 Apr 1799)
First Battle of Zurich (4–7 Jun 1799)
Battle of Trebbia (19 Jun 1799)
Battle of Novi (15 Aug 1799)
Second Battle of Zurich (25–26 Sep 1799)
1800
Battle of Marengo (14 Jun 1800)
Battle of Hohenlinden (3 Dec 1800)
League of Armed Neutrality (1800–02)
1801
Treaty of Lunéville (9 Feb 1801)
Treaty of Florence (18 Mar 1801)
Algeciras Campaign (8 Jul 1801)
1802
Treaty of Amiens (25 Mar 1802)
[show]
Military leaders
French Army
Eustache Charles d'Aoust
Pierre Augereau
Alexandre de Beauharnais
Jean-Baptiste Bernadotte
Louis-Alexandre Berthier
Jean-Baptiste Bessières
Guillaume-Marie-Anne Brune
Jean François Carteaux
Jean Étienne Championnet
Chapuis de Tourville
Adam Philippe, Comte de Custine
Louis-Nicolas Davout
Louis Desaix
Jacques François Dugommier
Thomas-Alexandre Dumas
Charles François Dumouriez
Pierre Marie Barthélemy Ferino
Louis-Charles de Flers
Paul Grenier
Emmanuel de Grouchy
Jacques Maurice Hatry
Lazare Hoche
Jean-Baptiste Jourdan
François Christophe de Kellermann
Jean-Baptiste Kléber
Pierre Choderlos de Laclos
Jean Lannes
Charles Leclerc
Claude Lecourbe
François Joseph Lefebvre
Jacques MacDonald
Jean-Antoine Marbot
Jean Baptiste de Marbot
François Séverin Marceau-Desgraviers
Auguste de Marmont
André Masséna
Bon-Adrien Jeannot de Moncey
Jean Victor Marie Moreau
Édouard Mortier, duc de Trévise
Joachim Murat
Michel Ney
Pierre-Jacques Osten (fr)
Nicolas Oudinot
Catherine-Dominique de Pérignon
Jean-Charles Pichegru
Józef Poniatowski
Laurent de Gouvion Saint-Cyr
Barthélemy Louis Joseph Schérer
Jean-Mathieu-Philibert Sérurier
Joseph Souham
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Louis-Gabriel Suchet
Belgrand de Vaubois
Claude Victor-Perrin, Duc de Belluno
French Navy
Charles-Alexandre Linois
Opposition
Austria
József Alvinczi
Archduke Charles, Duke of Teschen
Count of Clerfayt (Walloon)
Karl Aloys zu Fürstenberg
Friedrich Freiherr von Hotze (Swiss)
Friedrich Adolf, Count von Kalckreuth
Pál Kray (Hungarian)
Charles Eugene, Prince of Lambesc (French)
Maximilian Baillet de Latour (Walloon)
Karl Mack von Leiberich
Rudolf Ritter von Otto (Saxon)
Prince Josias of Saxe-Coburg-Saalfeld
Peter Vitus von Quosdanovich
Prince Heinrich XV of Reuss-Plauen
Johann Mészáros von Szoboszló (Hungarian)
Karl Philipp Sebottendorf
Dagobert von Wurmser
Britain
Sir Ralph Abercromby
Admiral Sir James Saumarez
Admiral Sir Edward Pellew
Prince Frederick, Duke of York and Albany
Dutch Republic
William V, Prince of Orange
Prussia
Charles William Ferdinand, Duke of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Frederick Louis, Prince of Hohenlohe-Ingelfingen
Russia
Alexander Korsakov
Alexander Suvorov
Spain
Luis Firmin de Carvajal
Antonio Ricardos
[show]
Other significant figures and factions
Society of 1789
Jean Sylvain Bailly
Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de Lafayette
François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt
Isaac René Guy le Chapelier
Honoré Gabriel Riqueti, comte de Mirabeau
Emmanuel Joseph Sieyès
Charles-Maurice de Talleyrand-Périgord
Nicolas de Condorcet
Feuillants
and monarchiens
Madame de Lamballe
Madame du Barry
Louis de Breteuil
Loménie de Brienne
Charles Alexandre de Calonne
de Chateaubriand
Jean Chouan
Grace Elliott
Arnaud de La Porte
Jean-Sifrein Maury
Jacques Necker
François-Marie, marquis de Barthélemy
Guillaume-Mathieu Dumas
Antoine Barnave
Lafayette
Alexandre-Théodore-Victor, comte de Lameth
Charles Malo François Lameth
André Chénier
Jean-François Rewbell
Camille Jordan
Madame de Staël
Boissy d'Anglas
Jean-Charles Pichegru
Pierre Paul Royer-Collard
Girondists
Jacques Pierre Brissot
Roland de La Platière
Madame Roland
Father Henri Grégoire
Étienne Clavière
Marquis de Condorcet
Charlotte Corday
Marie Jean Hérault
Jean Baptiste Treilhard
Pierre Victurnien Vergniaud
Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
Jérôme Pétion de Villeneuve
Jean Debry
Jean-Jacques Duval d'Eprémesnil
Olympe de Gouges
Jean-Baptiste Robert Lindet
Louis Marie de La Révellière-Lépeaux
The Plain
Abbé Sieyès
de Cambacérès
Charles François Lebrun
Lazare Nicolas Marguerite Carnot
Philippe Égalité
Louis Philippe I
Mirabeau
Antoine Christophe Merlin de Thionville
Jean Joseph Mounier
Pierre Samuel du Pont de Nemours
François de Neufchâteau
Montagnards
Maximilien Robespierre
Georges Danton
Jean-Paul Marat
Camille Desmoulins
Louis Antoine de Saint-Just
Paul Nicolas, vicomte de Barras
Louis Philippe I
Louis Michel le Peletier de Saint-Fargeau
Jacques-Louis David
Marquis de Sade
Jacques-Louis David
Georges Couthon
Roger Ducos
Jean-Marie Collot d'Herbois
Jean-Henri Voulland
Philippe-Antoine Merlin de Douai
Antoine Quentin Fouquier-Tinville
Philippe-François-Joseph Le Bas
Marc-Guillaume Alexis Vadier
Jean-Pierre-André Amar
Prieur de la Côte-d'Or
Prieur de la Marne
Gilbert Romme
Jean Bon Saint-André
Jean-Lambert Tallien
Pierre Louis Prieur
Bertrand Barère de Vieuzac
Antoine Christophe Saliceti
Hébertists
and Enragés
Jacques Hébert
Jacques Nicolas Billaud-Varenne
Pierre Gaspard Chaumette
Charles-Philippe Ronsin
Antoine-François Momoro
François-Nicolas Vincent
François Chabot
Jean Baptiste Noël Bouchotte
Jean-Baptiste-Joseph Gobel
François Hanriot
Jacques Roux
Stanislas-Marie Maillard
Charles-Philippe Ronsin
Jean-François Varlet
Theophile Leclerc
Claire Lacombe
Pauline Léon
Gracchus Babeuf
Sylvain Maréchal
Others
Charles X
Louis XVI
Louis XVII
Louis XVIII
Louis Antoine, Duke of Enghien
Louis Henri, Prince of Condé
Louis Joseph, Prince of Condé
Marie Antoinette
Napoléon Bonaparte
Lucien Bonaparte
Joseph Bonaparte
Joseph Fesch
Joséphine de Beauharnais
Joachim Murat
Jean Sylvain Bailly
Jacques-Donatien Le Ray
Guillaume-Chrétien de Malesherbes
Talleyrand
Thérésa Tallien
Gui-Jean-Baptiste Target
Catherine Théot
List of people associated with the French Revolution
[show]
Influential thinkers
Les Lumières
Beaumarchais
Edmund Burke
Anacharsis Cloots
Charles-Augustin de Coulomb
Pierre Claude François Daunou
Diderot
Benjamin Franklin
Thomas Jefferson
Antoine Lavoisier
Montesquieu
Thomas Paine
Jean-Jacques Rousseau
Abbé Sieyès
Voltaire
Mary Wollstonecraft
[show]
Cultural impact
La Marseillaise
French Tricolour
Liberté, égalité, fraternité
Marianne
Bastille Day
Panthéon
French Republican Calendar
Cult of the Supreme Being
Cult of Reason
Temple of Reason
Sans-culottes
Metric system
Phrygian cap
Women in the French Revolution
Symbolism in the French Revolution
Historiography of the French Revolution
Influence of the French Revolution
Authority control
BNF: cb119567399 (data)
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Elliot Stabler
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Elliot Stabler
Law & Order character
First appearance
"Payback"
Last appearance
"Smoked"
Portrayed by
Christopher Meloni
Time on show
1999–2011
Seasons
1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12
Credited appearances
272 episodes (SVU)
2 episodes (L&O)
1 episode (TBJ)
275 episodes (total)
Information
Title
NYPD Detective 1st Grade
Family
Wife: Kathy Stabler
Children:
Maureen Stabler (daughter)
Kathleen Stabler (daughter)
Richard "Dickie" Stabler (son)
Elizabeth "Lizzie" Stabler (daughter)
Elliot "Eli" Stabler Jr. (son)
Parents: Joseph Stabler (father, deceased)
Bernadette Stabler (mother)
Siblings: three brothers
two sisters[1]
Partner
Olivia Benson
Donald Cragen
Lucius Blaine[2] (temporary)
Danielle Beck (temporary)
Elliot Stabler is a fictional character portrayed by Christopher Meloni and one of the lead characters on the NBC police procedural series Law & Order: Special Victims Unit during the first twelve seasons. As a result of Meloni's sudden departure from the cast at the end of the twelfth season, Stabler abruptly retires from the police force off-screen during the thirteenth-season premiere.
Contents
[hide]
1 Character overview
2 Family
3 Partners
3.1 Olivia Benson
3.2 Dani Beck
3.3 Jo Marlowe
4 Awards and decorations
5 References
Character overview[edit]
Stabler is an NYPD Detective 1st Grade with Manhattan's 16th Precinct, which investigates sex crimes. His partner during the first twelve years is Detective Olivia Benson (Mariska Hargitay). Stabler is dedicated to his job, but often takes cases personally, thus affecting his judgment. Nonetheless, Stabler has a 97-percent case-closure rate as of 2007.[3] His badge number is 6313.[1][4]
Stabler is an Irish American Catholic[1] and lives at 72-12 Castleside Street, Glen Oaks, Queens with his wife Kathy and five children (Maureen, Kathleen, Richard "Dickie", Elizabeth "Lizzie", and Elliot "Eli", Jr.). Stabler was born October 20, 1966.[1] He is devoted to his family and frequently mentions or thinks about them while working cases. He is also a practicing Catholic whose faith sometimes complicates the cases on which he works.
Stabler was born and raised in Bayside, Queens. His father, Joseph Stabler, was a policeman who lost his pension and eventually died of cancer. Stabler had a difficult relationship with his father, who physically and emotionally abused him.[4] His mother, Bernadette (née McGinley) (Ellen Burstyn), has bipolar disorder and once nearly killed her son during a manic phase. As a result, Stabler has "erased his childhood", and maintains little contact with his mother.[5]
Stabler was a Marine and served in Operation Desert Storm.[6] During his time in the military, he was a hand-to-hand combat specialist.[7] He also has three tattoos, notably the Eagle, Globe, and Anchor tattoo on his forearm (the official emblem of the Marine Corps), and the crucifixion of Christ on his left bicep. One of his best friends died in the September 11 attacks.[1] He has a B.A. from Queens College.[1]
Stabler harbors a great deal of anger that is sometimes fed by his job. He is often openly aggressive and intimidating towards suspects, which can either complicate the case further, or lead to speedy confessions. When his wife Kathy leaves him in season 6, Stabler's anger rises closer to the surface, and in a few episodes, threatens to boil over. During an interrogation, serial killer Gordon Ricketts (Matthew Modine), whom Stabler had investigated 14 years earlier, tells him that they harbor the same kind of rage, and that if it weren't for his family and his job, Stabler would be just like him. When Benson and Stabler catch Ricketts about to kill a young girl, Stabler appears ready to kill him in cold blood; it is only Benson's intervention that prevents him from doing so.[8] In season 7, he goes to see a psychiatrist, Dr. Rebecca Hendrix (Mary Stuart Masterson), after using excessive force on an abusive parent. Stabler eventually opens up to Hendrix about his personal demons,[4] and they become close until Hendrix is transferred.[9] By season 9, he and Kathy reconcile, and Stabler learns to better deal with his problems.
In the season 12 finale, Stabler is forced to shoot and kill a young woman who opens fire in the Special Victims squad room. Before dying in Stabler's arms, she had killed two suspects involved in the rape and murder of her mother and injured a third, as well as killing recurring character Sister Peg (Charlayne Woodard).[10] After the shootout, Stabler is placed on administrative leave by IAB.[11] Although he is eventually cleared, it is nonetheless his sixth career "good shooting" and according to Cragen, IAB "wants to go over his entire jacket...if Elliot wants to keep his job, he's gonna have to submit to a psych eval, anger management, a lot of hoops." Confirming Benson's assurance that he will instead tell them to "go to hell", Stabler subsequently retires from the police force off screen during the thirteenth-season premiere.[12] Benson and Cragen agree that he's earned it "and then some". Nevertheless, Benson is quietly devastated by his resignation as she breaks down sobbing in the interrogation room.
Family[edit]
He married his wife, Kathy, when they were both 17 years old, and at the beginning of the series, they have four school-aged children: Maureen (born September 30, 1984),[13] Kathleen Louise (born July 13, 1989),[14] and twins Richard "Dickie", and Elizabeth "Lizzie" (both born February 21, 1993).[15] Richard (he stopped using his nickname upon entering adolescence) is named after Col. Richard Finley, a friend whom Stabler greatly admired. After years of the stress involved with being married to a police officer, Kathy Stabler leaves her husband, taking their children, and temporarily moves in with her mother.[16] Following a case involving a divorce that turned violent, Stabler signs the divorce papers, saying, "when love warps to hate, there's nothing you won't do."[17] However, after being cleared in the death of a suspect, Stabler realizes that he cannot bear to lose either his job or his family, so he seeks reconciliation with his wife.[18] A short time later, Kathy announces that she is pregnant and asks Stabler to come home.[19] After a serious car accident, Kathy delivers a healthy baby boy, Elliot Stabler, Jr. (Eli) (born November 17, 2007); however, the crash nearly cost Kathy her own life as her heartbeat flatlines while en route to the hospital in the FDNY Ambulance, but miraculously, they are able to save her.[20]
Of his five children, Kathleen and Dickie have most directly affected his job. Kathleen is twice charged with DUI;[19] he uses his clout as a police officer to make the first charge disappear, but he eventually realizes that he has to let her face the consequences of her actions, and she is sentenced to community service.[21] Kathleen then steals her father's credit card and gives it to her boyfriend, who rings up thousands of dollars in charges.[22] She is later arrested for breaking and entering and robbery, at which time doctors and her family realize that she suffers from bipolar disorder, which she inherited from her paternal grandmother, Bernadette Stabler (Ellen Burstyn). After speaking with her grandmother, Kathleen agrees to treatment.[5] She later becomes an advocate for sexual assault victims, and in one episode, helps her father on a case.[23] Dickie also occasionally gives his father problems. In an 11th-season episode, he runs away from school and tries to join the Army, something Stabler disapproves of. It later turns out that Dickie was acting out because his friend, Shane, had been murdered. Stabler refuses to sign a parental consent form for Dickie to join the Army, but resolves to be a more attentive parent.[24]
Stabler is fiercely protective of his children and becomes defensive if a suspect asks about his family; it is suggested that he sees aspects of his children in every victim. As a result, he harbors an intense hatred of pedophiles, admitting to a police psychiatrist that he sometimes fantasizes about killing them.[25] He almost loses his job as a result.[26] Stabler has occasionally seen aspects of himself in a child abuser; during one case, the actions of an abusive parent prompt him to recall an incident in which he lost his temper and raised his hand to slap his daughter Maureen, then a toddler.[27] In another, he beats up a pedophile (Tom Noonan) who posts a picture of Elizabeth on his website.[28]
Child victims tend to respond to him. For example, Stabler successfully reaches out to a 15-year-old girl (Rachael Bella) who regresses to a childlike state after being attacked by her father. SVU's resident psychiatrist, Dr. George Huang (B.D. Wong), theorizes that only Stabler would be able to reach her, as he is a father, and she is looking for another father figure.[29]
Partners[edit]
Olivia Benson[edit]
Stabler is partnered with Olivia Benson for 12 years. They are best friends, and trust each other completely. Stabler is Benson's longest relationship with a man,[30] and they have even each promised to give the other a kidney should they need a transplant.[20]
Their relationship is not without friction, however. The two sometimes argue over the cases they work on; Benson tends to be quicker to side with the victims. For example, during a case in which three women are charged with raping a male stripper, Benson and ADA Alexandra Cabot (Stephanie March) believe the man's story, while Stabler takes a cynical view of his claim from the start.[31]
Benson and Stabler are separated at times during the show. She asks for a new partner after Stabler expects her to jeopardize his life to shoot a convicted sex offender (Lou Diamond Phillips) who had kidnapped two children and killed one of them.[32] Instead, she is briefly reassigned to Computer Crimes and replaced by a Queens SVU detective, Lucius Blaine (Anthony Anderson).[2] Benson and Stabler become partners again after her replacement, Dani Beck, leaves the squad.[33] They remain partners for the rest of Stabler's time in the precinct.
Dani Beck[edit]
Stabler is assigned a temporary partner named Dani Beck (Connie Nielsen) while Benson is undercover in Oregon, embedded in an eco-terrorist group at the request of the FBI in season 8 (Mariska Hargitay was pregnant and on maternity leave). Beck takes well to the job, and she and Stabler become close. There is also some sexual tension between the two, and during one case they share a kiss.[34] The relationship goes no further, however, as Beck leaves when she realizes that she will not be able to save every victim.[35]
Jo Marlowe[edit]
Jo Marlowe (played by Sharon Stone) was Stabler's training officer. She is appointed by Jack McCoy to be the new ADA for the SVU squad during a four-episode run in season 11. Stabler reveals that he has not seen her for 15 years when she first arrives as the new ADA. Marlowe was a lieutenant in 1995 when she left the NYPD after her command decision resulted in the deaths of two of her officers.[36] She was diagnosed with an "aggressive" type of breast cancer and had a bilateral radical mastectomy a year before joining the SVU squad.[37]
Awards and decorations[edit]
The following are the medals and service awards worn by Detective Stabler, as seen in "Dolls".
American Flag Breast Bar
NYPD Medal of Honor
NYPD Unit Citation Bar
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Hate". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 5. Episode 13. January 13, 2004. NBC.
^ Jump up to: a b "Fat". Law & Order: SVU. Season 7. Episode 20. May 2, 2006. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Haystack". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 15. February 20, 2007. NBC.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Ripped". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 7. Episode 4. October 11, 2005. NBC.
^ Jump up to: a b "Swing". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 10. Episode 3. October 14, 2008. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Goliath". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 6. Episode 23. May 24, 2005. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Annihilated". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 20. May 8, 2007. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Rage". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 6. Episode 17. March 1, 2005. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Philadelphia". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 16. February 27, 2007. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Smoked". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 12. Episode 24. May 18, 2011. NBC.
Jump up ^ Bryant, Adam; Abrams, Natalie (August 30, 2011). "Mega Buzz: Tiva Time on NCIS? Plus: Fringe's Future and Stabler's SVU Exit". TV Guide. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Scorched Earth". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 13. Episode 1. September 21, 2011. NBC.
Jump up ^ Maureen is said to be 15 in episode "Wrong Is Right". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 2. Episode 1. October 20, 2000. NBC.
Jump up ^ Kathleen is said to be 19 in episode "Swing". Law & Order: SVU. Season 10. Episode 3. October 14, 2008. NBC.
Jump up ^ Lizzie is said to be 15 in episode "Confession". Law & Order: SVU. Season 10. Episode 2. September 30, 2008. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Doubt". Law & Order: SVU. Season 6. Episode 8. November 23, 2004. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Burned". Law & Order: SVU. Season 8. Episode 11. January 8, 2007. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Dependent". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 14. February 13, 2007. NBC.
^ Jump up to: a b "Screwed". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 22. May 22, 2007. NBC.
^ Jump up to: a b "Paternity". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 9. Episode 9. November 27, 2007. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Alternate". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 9. Episode 1. September 25, 2007. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Trials". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 10. Episode 1. September 23, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Gray". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 12. Episode 9. November 17, 2010. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Turmoil". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 11. Episode 8. November 11, 2009. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Slaves". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 1. Episode 22. May 19, 2000. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Wrong is Right". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 2. Episode 1. October 20, 2000. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Shaken". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 5. Episode 10. March 25, 2003. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Confession". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 10. Episode 2. September 30, 2008. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Resilience". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 4. Episode 10. December 6, 2002. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Futility". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 4. Episode 22. April 25, 2003. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Ridicule". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 3. Episode 10. December 14, 2001. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Fault". Law & Order: SVU. Season 7. Episode 19. April 4, 2006. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Choreographed". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 9. November 28, 2006. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Underbelly". Law & Ordr: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 7. November 14, 2006. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Cage". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 8. Episode 8. November 21, 2006. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Ace". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 11. Episode 22. May 5, 2010. NBC.
Jump up ^ "Shattered". Law & Order: Special Victims Unit. Season 11. Episode 24. May 19, 2010. NBC.
[hide]
v
t
e
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit
Characters
Detectives
Elliot Stabler
Olivia Benson
John Munch
Monique Jeffries
Fin Tutuola
Chester Lake
Nick Amaro
Amanda Rollins
Dominick Carisi Jr.
Commanding officers
Donald Cragen
Olivia Benson
Assistant District Attorneys
Alexandra Cabot
Casey Novak
Kim Greylek
Rafael Barba
Doctors
George Huang
Melinda Warner
Other characters
Barry Moredock
Brian Cassidy
Elizabeth Donnelly
Michael Cutter
Sonya Paxton
Jack McCoy
Seasons
Episodes
Season 1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
Notable episodes
"Payback"
"911"
"Authority"
"Cold"
"Zebras"
"Behave"
"Smoked"
"Scorched Earth"
"Justice Denied"
"Father Dearest"
"Rhodium Nights"
"Lost Reputation"
"Above Suspicion"
"Acceptable Loss"
"Manhattan Vigil"
"Comic Perversion"
"Glasgowman's Wrath"
"Chicago Crossover"
See also
Cast members
Awards and nominations
Law & Order franchise
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Elliot_Stabler&oldid=837593875"
Categories:
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Go Rest High on That Mountain
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Go Rest High on That Mountain"
Single by Vince Gill
from the album When Love Finds You
B-side
"Maybe Tonight"
Released
August 28, 1995
Format
CD single, cassette single
Recorded
1994
Genre
Country
Length
5:15 (Album version)
4:27 (Radio edit)
Label
MCA Nashville
Songwriter(s)
Vince Gill
Producer(s)
Tony Brown
Vince Gill singles chronology
"You Better Think Twice"
(1995) "Go Rest High on That Mountain"
(1995) "High Lonesome Sound"
(1996)
"You Better Think Twice"
(1995) "Go Rest High on That Mountain"
(1995) "High Lonesome Sound"
(1996)
"Go Rest High on That Mountain" is a song written and recorded by American country music artist Vince Gill. It was released in August 1995 as the sixth single from his album When Love Finds You. It is a eulogic ballad. Gill began writing the song following the death of country music superstar Keith Whitley, who died in 1989. Gill did not finish the song until a few years later following the death of his older brother Bob, in 1993, of a heart attack. Ricky Skaggs and Patty Loveless both sang background vocals on the record.
The song won the CMA's Song of the Year award in 1996[1] and a BMI Most-Performed Song award in 1997.[2] It also received two Grammy Awards for Best Male Country Vocal Performance and Best Country Song in the 38th Grammy Awards.[3] The single reached No. 14 on the Country Singles chart in 1995.[4] It has sold 648,000 digital copies in the US since becoming available for download.[5]
On May 2, 2013, Gill performed the song with Loveless at the funeral of fellow country artist George Jones. At one point during the performance, Gill became too emotional to sing some of the words, but was able to complete the song by focusing primarily on his guitar playing. In a speech just prior to Gill's and Loveless' performance, Gill underlined their duet by stating that he always was aware of a "special anointing" in his duets with Loveless, and compared them particularly to Jones' duets with singer Melba Montgomery during the 1960s.[6]
Contents
[hide]
1 Critical reception
2 Music video
3 Chart performance
3.1 Year-end charts
4 See also
5 Notes
Critical reception[edit]
Deborah Evans Price, of Billboard magazine reviewed the song favorably calling the song "beautiful, majestic, and easily one of the best singles of Gill's already distinguished career." She goes on to say that the composition "boasts a touching spiritual lyric and Gill's consistently impeccable vocal delivery."[7]
Music video[edit]
The music video was directed by John Lloyd Miller and premiered in mid-1995.
Chart performance[edit]
"Go Rest High on That Mountain" debuted at number 70 on the U.S. Billboard Hot Country Singles & Tracks for the week of September 2, 1995. The song has sold 670,000 digital copies as of March 2016 after it became available for download in the U.S.[8]
Chart (1995)
Peak
position
Canada Country Tracks (RPM)[9] 7
US Hot Country Songs (Billboard)[10] 14
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (1995)
Position
Canada Country Tracks (RPM)[11] 74
See also[edit]
Vince Gill discography
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Cash, Rosanne; Rudder, Randy (2006). Country Music Reader. Country Music Books. p. 103. ISBN 0-9769745-1-7.
Jump up ^ Carlin, Richard (2003). Country Music: A Biographical Dictionary. Taylor & Francis. p. 150. ISBN 0-415-93802-3.
Jump up ^ "Past winners search". Grammy.com. Archived from the original on 2007-04-13. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
Jump up ^ "Vince Gill > Charts & Awards > Billboard Singles". Allmusic. Retrieved 2009-08-14.
Jump up ^ Bjorke, Matt (December 7, 2015). "Top 30 Digital Country Singles: December 7, 2015". RoughStock.
Jump up ^ YouTube. Grand Ole Opry. Vince Gill and Patty Loveless - "Go Rest High On That Mountain" at George Jones' Funeral | Opry. 2013 Possum Tracks Touring Co. Retrieved January 7, 2015. YouTube
Jump up ^ Billboard, September 2, 1995
Jump up ^ Bjorke, Matt (March 15, 2016). "Top 30 Digital Singles Report: March 15, 2016". Roughstock.
Jump up ^ "Top RPM Country Tracks: Issue 2841." RPM. Library and Archives Canada. December 18, 1995. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Vince Gill – Chart history" Billboard Hot Country Songs for Vince Gill.
Jump up ^ "RPM Top 100 Country Tracks of 1995". RPM. December 18, 1995. Retrieved July 21, 2013.
Awards and achievements
Preceded by
"Independence Day" performed by Martina McBride CMA Award for Song of the Year - "Go Rest High on That Mountain" by Vince Gill
1996 Succeeded by
Matraca Berg & Gary Harrison – "Strawberry Wine"
[hide]
v
t
e
Vince Gill
Studio albums
The Things That Matter
The Way Back Home
When I Call Your Name
Pocket Full of Gold
I Still Believe in You
When Love Finds You
High Lonesome Sound
The Key
Let's Make Sure We Kiss Goodbye
Next Big Thing
These Days
Guitar Slinger
Bakersfield
Down to My Last Bad Habit
Compilation albums
The Essential Vince Gill
Souvenirs
Icon
Christmas albums
Let There Be Peace on Earth
Breath of Heaven: A Christmas Collection
'Tis the Season
Extended plays
Turn Me Loose
Notable singles
"True Love"
"If It Weren't for Him" (with Rosanne Cash)
"Oklahoma Borderline"
"Cinderella"
"Let's Do Something"
"Everybody's Sweetheart"
"The Radio"
"Never Alone"
"Oklahoma Swing" (with Reba McEntire)
"When I Call Your Name"
"Never Knew Lonely"
"Pocket Full of Gold"
"Liza Jane"
"Look at Us"
"Take Your Memory with You"
"I Still Believe in You"
"Don't Let Our Love Start Slippin' Away"
"No Future in the Past"
"One More Last Chance"
"Tryin' to Get Over You"
"Whenever You Come Around"
"What the Cowgirls Do"
"When Love Finds You"
"Which Bridge to Cross (Which Bridge to Burn)"
"You Better Think Twice"
"Go Rest High on That Mountain"
"High Lonesome Sound"
"Worlds Apart"
"Pretty Little Adriana"
"A Little More Love"
"You and You Alone"
"If You Ever Have Forever in Mind"
"Kindly Keep It Country"
"Don't Come Cryin' to Me"
"My Kind of Woman/My Kind of Man" (with Patty Loveless)
"Let's Make Sure We Kiss Goodbye"
"Feels Like Love"
"Shoot Straight from Your Heart"
"Next Big Thing"
"Someday"
Guest singles
"The Heart Won't Lie" (with Reba McEntire)
"House of Love" (with Amy Grant)
"I Will Always Love You" (with Dolly Parton)
"It's Not Over" (with Mark Chesnutt and Alison Krauss
"No Place That Far" (with Sara Evans)
"Building Bridges" (with Brooks & Dunn and Sheryl Crow)
"Don't Rush" (with Kelly Clarkson)
"I Just Can't Help Believing" (with B. J. Thomas)
"Sober Saturday Night" (with Chris Young)
Other songs
"Here We Are"
"I Can't Tell You Why"
Related articles
Discography
RCA Records
MCA Records
Pure Prairie League
The Notorious Cherry Bombs
The Notorious Cherry Bombs
Book:Vince Gill
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Categories:
1995 singles
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Vince Gill songs
Song recordings produced by Tony Brown (record producer)
Songs written by Vince Gill
Songs in memory of deceased persons
MCA Records singles
Music videos directed by John Lloyd Miller
1990s country song stubs
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This page was last edited on 13 January 2017, at 13:45.
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