text:
1966 FIFA World Cup
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
1966 FIFA World Cup
World Cup 1966
1966 FIFA World Cup official logo
Tournament details
Host country
England
Dates
11–30 July (20 days)
Teams
16 (from 4 confederations)
Venue(s)
8 (in 7 host cities)
Final positions
Champions
England (1st title)
Runners-up
West Germany
Third place
Portugal
Fourth place
Soviet Union
Tournament statistics
Matches played
32
Goals scored
89 (2.78 per match)
Attendance
1,563,135 (48,848 per match)
Top scorer(s)
Eusébio (9 goals)
Best young player
Franz Beckenbauer
← 1962
1970 →
The 1966 FIFA World Cup, the eighth staging of the World Cup, was held in England from 11 to 30 July. England beat West Germany 4–2 in the final, winning the Jules Rimet Trophy. With this victory, England won their first FIFA World Cup title and became the third host nation to win the tournament after Uruguay in 1930 and Italy in 1934.
The 1966 Final, held at Wembley Stadium,[1] was the last to be broadcast in black and white.[2] The tournament held a FIFA record for the largest average attendance, for 28 years, until it was surpassed by the United States in 1994.
Contents
[hide]
1 Host selection
2 Qualification
2.1 African boycott
2.2 List of qualified teams
3 Format
4 Summary
4.1 First round
4.2 Quarter-finals, semi-finals, and third-place match
4.3 Final
5 Mascot
6 Venues
7 Match officials
8 Seeding
9 Squads
10 Results
10.1 Group stage
10.1.1 Group 1
10.1.2 Group 2
10.1.3 Group 3
10.1.4 Group 4
10.2 Knockout stage
10.2.1 Quarter-finals
10.2.2 Semi-finals
10.2.3 Third-place match
10.2.4 Final
11 Goalscorers
11.1 All-star team
12 FIFA retrospective ranking
13 References
14 External links
Host selection[edit]
Main article: FIFA World Cup hosts
England was chosen as host of the 1966 World Cup in Rome, Italy on 22 August 1960, over rival bids from West Germany and Spain.
Qualification[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup qualification
Despite the Africans' absence, there was another new record number of entries for the qualifying tournament, with 70 nations taking part. After all the arguments, FIFA finally ruled that ten teams from Europe would qualify, along with four from South America, one from Asia and one from North and Central America.
Portugal and North Korea qualified for the first time. Portugal would not qualify again until 1986, while North Korea's next appearance was at the 2010 tournament. This was also Switzerland's last World Cup finals until 1994. Notable absentees from this tournament included 1962 semi-finalists Yugoslavia and 1962 finalists Czechoslovakia.
African boycott[edit]
Thirty-one African nations boycotted the tournament to protest a 1964 FIFA ruling that required the three second-round winners from the African zone to enter a play-off round against the winners of the Asian zone in order to qualify for the World Cup, as they felt winning their zone was enough in itself to merit qualification. They also protested against the readmission of South Africa to FIFA in 1963, despite its expulsion from CAF due to the apartheid regime in 1958.
South Africa was subsequently assigned to the Asia and Oceania qualifying group before being disqualified after being suspended again due to pressure from other African nations in October 1964. Despite this, after FIFA refused to change the qualifying format, the African teams decided anyway to pull out of the World Cup until at least one African team had a place assured in the World Cup, something which was put in place for the 1970 FIFA World Cup and all subsequent World Cup finals.[3]
List of qualified teams[edit]
The following 16 teams qualified for the final tournament.
AFC (1)
North Korea
CAF (0)
None qualified
OFC (0)
None qualified
CONCACAF (1)
Mexico
CONMEBOL (4)
Argentina
Brazil
Chile
Uruguay
UEFA (10)
Bulgaria
England (hosts)
France
Hungary
Italy
Portugal
Soviet Union
Spain
Switzerland
West Germany
Qualification for 1966 FIFA World Cup
FIFA members qualified for World Cup (including colonies)
FIFA members that failed to qualify
FIFA members that did not enter World Cup
Countries not members of FIFA in 1966
Format[edit]
The format of the 1966 competition remained the same as 1962: 16 qualified teams were divided into four groups of four. Each group played a round-robin format. Two points were awarded for a win and one point for a draw, with goal average used to separate teams equal on points. The top two teams in each group advanced to the knockout stage.
In the knockout games, if the teams were tied after 90 minutes, 30 minutes of extra time were played. For any match other than the final, if the teams were still tied after extra time, lots would be drawn to determine the winner. The final would have been replayed if tied after extra time. In the event, no replays or drawing of lots was necessary.
Summary[edit]
The 1966 World Cup had a rather unusual hero off the field, a dog called Pickles. In the build-up to the tournament, the Jules Rimet trophy was stolen from an exhibition display. A nationwide hunt for the icon ensued. It was later discovered wrapped in newspaper as the dog sniffed under some bushes in London. The FA commissioned a replica cup in case the original cup was not found in time. This replica is held at the English National Football Museum in Manchester, where it is on display.[4]
The draw for the final tournament, taking place on 6 January 1966 at the Royal Garden Hotel in London was the first ever to be televised, with England, West Germany, Brazil and Italy as seeds.[5]
The opening match took place on Monday 11 July. With the exception of the first tournament, which commenced on 13 July 1930, every other tournament (up to and including 2018) has commenced in May or June. The final took place on 30 July 1966, the 36th anniversary of the first final. This remains the latest date that any tournament has concluded. The reason for the unusually late scheduling of the tournament appears to lie with the outside broadcast commitments of the BBC, which also had commitments to cover Wimbledon (which ran between 20 June and 2 July) and the Open Golf Championship (6 to 9 July).
First round[edit]
Wolfgang Weber (left) and Luis Artime during the match between West Germany and Argentina
1966 was a World Cup with few goals as the teams began to play much more tactically and defensively. This was exemplified by Alf Ramsey's England as they finished top of Group 1 with only four goals, but having none scored against them. They also became the first World Cup winning team not to win its first game in the tournament. Uruguay were the other team to qualify from that group at the expense of both Mexico and France. All the group's matches were played at Wembley Stadium apart from the match between Uruguay and France which took place at White City Stadium.
In Group 2, West Germany and Argentina qualified with ease as they both finished the group with 5 points, Spain managed 2, while Switzerland left the competition after losing all three group matches. FIFA cautioned Argentina for its violent style in the group games, particularly in the scoreless draw with West Germany, which saw Argentinean Rafael Albrecht get sent off and suspended for the next match.[6][7]
In the northwest of England, Old Trafford and Goodison Park played host to Group 3 which saw the two-time defending champions Brazil finish in third place behind Portugal and Hungary, and be eliminated along with Bulgaria. Brazil were defeated 3–1 by Hungary in a classic encounter before falling by the same scoreline to Portugal in a controversial game; this was Brazil's worst performance in any World Cup until the Mineirazo. Portugal appeared in the finals for the first time, and made quite an impact. They won all three of their games in the group stage, with a lot of help from their outstanding striker Eusébio, whose nine goals made him the tournament's top scorer.
Group 4, however, provided the biggest upset when North Korea beat Italy 1–0 at Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough and finished above them, thus earning qualification to the next round along with the Soviet Union. This was the first time that a nation from outside Europe or the Americas had progressed from the first stage of a World Cup: the next would be Morocco in 1986.
Quarter-finals, semi-finals, and third-place match[edit]
Results of 1966 FIFA World Cup
Champion Runner-up 3rd place 4th place 1/4-finals Group stage
The quarter-finals provided a controversial victory for West Germany as they cruised past Uruguay 4–0; the South Americans claimed that this occurred only after the referee (who was Jim Finney, from England) had not recognised a handball by Schnellinger on the goal line and then had sent off two players from Uruguay: Horacio Troche and Héctor Silva.[8] It appeared as though the surprise package North Korea would claim another major upset in their match against Portugal at Goodison Park, when after 22 minutes they led 3–0. It fell to one of the greatest stars of the tournament, Eusébio, to change that. He scored four goals in the game and José Augusto added a fifth in the 78th minute to earn Portugal a 5–3 win.
Meanwhile, in the other two games, Ferenc Bene's late goal for Hungary against the Soviet Union, who were led by Lev Yashin's stellar goalkeeping, proved little more than a consolation as they crashed out 2–1, and the only goal between Argentina and England came courtesy of England's Geoff Hurst. During that controversial game (for more details see Argentina and England football rivalry), Argentina's Antonio Rattín became the first player to be sent off in a senior international football match at Wembley.[9] Rattín at first refused to leave the field and eventually had to be escorted by several policemen. After 30 minutes England scored the only goal of the match. This game is called el robo del siglo (the robbery of the century) in Argentina.[10]
Eusébio finished as the tournament's top scorer, and also featured in the all-star team
All semi-finalists were from Europe. The venue of the first semi-final between England and Portugal was changed from Goodison Park in Liverpool to Wembley, due to Wembley's larger capacity. This larger capacity was particularly significant during a time when ticket revenue was of crucial importance.[11] Bobby Charlton scored both goals in England's win, with Portugal's goal coming from a penalty in the 82nd minute after a handball by Jack Charlton on the goal line.[12][13] The other semi-final also finished 2–1: Franz Beckenbauer scoring the winning goal with a left foot shot from the edge of the area for West Germany as they beat the Soviet Union.[14]
Portugal went on to beat the Soviet Union 2–1 to take third place. Portugal's third place remains the best finish by a team making its World Cup debut since 1934. It was subsequently equalled by Croatia in the 1998 tournament.
Final[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Final
London's Wembley Stadium was the venue for the final, and 98,000 people attended. After 12 minutes 32 seconds Helmut Haller put West Germany ahead, but the score was levelled by Geoff Hurst four minutes later. Martin Peters put England in the lead in the 78th minute; England looked set to claim the title when the referee awarded a free kick to West Germany with one minute left. The ball was launched goalward and Wolfgang Weber scored, with England appealing in vain for handball as the ball came through the crowded penalty area.[15]
With the score level at 2–2 at the end of 90 minutes, the game went to extra time. In the 98th minute, Hurst found himself on the scoresheet again; his shot hit the crossbar, bounced down onto the goal line, and was awarded as a goal. Debate has long raged over whether the ball crossed the line, with the goal becoming part of World Cup history; Ian Reid and Andrew Zisserman claim to prove that the ball did not cross the line.[16] England's final goal was scored by Hurst again, as a celebratory pitch invasion began. This made Geoff Hurst the only player ever to have scored three times in a World Cup final.[15] BBC commentator Kenneth Wolstenholme's description of the match's closing moments has gone down in history: "Some people are on the pitch. They think it's all over ... [Hurst scores] It is now!".[17]
England's total of eleven goals scored in six games set a new record low for average goals per game scored by a World Cup winning team. The record stood until 1982, when it was surpassed by Italy's twelve goals in seven games; in 2010 this record was lowered again by Spain, winning the Cup with eight goals in seven games. England's total of three goals conceded also constituted a record low for average goals per game conceded by a World Cup winning team. That record stood until 1994, when it was surpassed by Brazil's three goals in seven games. Spain again lowered the record to two goals by conceding them during the group stage and then shutting out its four knockout stage opponents by 1–0 scores.
England received the recovered Jules Rimet trophy from Elizabeth II and were crowned World Cup winners for the first time.[15]
In this World Cup edition, the national anthems were played only in the final. They were not played in the earlier matches because the organisers (Fifa and the FA) feared that North Korea's presence - a socialist country that is not recognized by United Kingdom - in the World Cup would cause problems with South Korea. An office memo of the Foreign Office months before the finals stated that the solution would be "denying the visas to North Korean players".[18]
Mascot[edit]
World Cup Willie, the mascot for the 1966 competition, was the first World Cup mascot, and one of the first mascots to be associated with a major sporting competition. World Cup Willie is a lion, a typical symbol of the United Kingdom, wearing a Union Flag jersey emblazoned with the words "WORLD CUP".
Venues[edit]
Eight venues were used for this World Cup. The youngest and biggest venue used was Wembley Stadium in west London, which was 43 years old in 1966. As was often the case in the World Cup, group matches were played in two venues in close proximity to each other. Group 1 matches (which included the hosts) were all played in London: five at Wembley, which was England's national stadium and was considered to be the most important football venue in the world; and one at White City Stadium in west London, which was used as a temporary replacement for nearby Wembley. The group stage match between Uruguay and France played at White City Stadium (originally built for the 1908 Summer Olympics) was scheduled for a Friday, the same day as regularly scheduled greyhound racing at Wembley. Because Wembley's owner refused to cancel this, the game had to be moved to the alternative venue in London. Group 2's matches were played at Hillsborough Stadium in Sheffield and Villa Park in Birmingham; Group 3's matches were played at Old Trafford in Manchester and Goodison Park in Liverpool; and Group 4's matches were played at Ayresome Park in Middlesbrough and Roker Park in Sunderland.
The most used venue was Wembley, which was used for nine matches, including all six featuring England, the final and the third-place match. Goodison Park was used for five matches, Roker Park and Hillsborough both hosted four, while Old Trafford, Villa Park and Ayresome Park each hosted three matches and did not host any knockout round matches.
London Birmingham
Wembley Stadium White City Stadium Villa Park
51°33′20″N 0°16′47″W / 51.55556°N 0.27972°W / 51.55556; -0.27972 (Wembley Stadium) 51°30′49″N 0°13′39″W / 51.51361°N 0.22750°W / 51.51361; -0.22750 (White City Stadium) 52°30′33″N 1°53′5″W / 52.50917°N 1.88472°W / 52.50917; -1.88472 (Villa Park)
Capacity:98,600 Capacity:76,567 Capacity:52,000
Liverpool
London
Manchester
Liverpool
Sunderland
Middlesbrough
Birmingham
Sheffield
Goodison Park
53°26′20″N 2°57′59″W / 53.43889°N 2.96639°W / 53.43889; -2.96639 (Goodison Park)
Capacity:50,151
Manchester
Old Trafford
53°27′47″N 2°17′29″W / 53.46306°N 2.29139°W / 53.46306; -2.29139 (Old Trafford)
Capacity:58,000
Sheffield Sunderland Middlesbrough
Hillsborough Stadium Roker Park Ayresome Park
53°24′41″N 1°30′2″W / 53.41139°N 1.50056°W / 53.41139; -1.50056 (Hillsborough) 54°55′17″N 1°22′32″W / 54.92139°N 1.37556°W / 54.92139; -1.37556 (Roker Park) 54°33′51″N 1°14′49″W / 54.56417°N 1.24694°W / 54.56417; -1.24694 (Ayresome Park)
Capacity:42,730 Capacity:40,310 Capacity:40,000
Match officials[edit]
Africa
Ali Kandil
Asia
Menachem Ashkenazi
North America
Arturo Yamasaki
South America
José María Codesal
Roberto Goicoechea
Armando Marques
Europe
John Adair
Tofiq Bahramov
Leo Callaghan
Joaquim Campos
Ken Dagnall
Gottfried Dienst
Jim Finney
Karol Galba
Juan Gardeazábal Garay
Rudolf Kreitlein
Concetto Lo Bello
Bertil Lööw
George McCabe
Hugh Phillips
Dimitar Rumentchev
Pierre Schwinte
Kurt Tschenscher
Konstantin Zečević
István Zsolt
Seeding[edit]
Pot 1: South American
Pot 2: European
Pot 3: Latin European
Pot 4: Rest of the World
Brazil (defending champions)
Argentina
Chile
Uruguay
England (hosts)
Hungary
Soviet Union
West Germany
France
Portugal
Spain
Italy
Bulgaria
North Korea
Mexico
Switzerland
Squads[edit]
For a list of all squads that appeared in the final tournament, see 1966 FIFA World Cup squads.
Results[edit]
Group stage[edit]
Group 1[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Group 1
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
England 3 2 1 0 4 0 — 5
Uruguay 3 1 2 0 2 1 2.00 4
Mexico 3 0 2 1 1 3 0.33 2
France 3 0 1 2 2 5 0.40 1
England v Uruguay
11 July 1966
19:30 BST
England
0–0
Uruguay
Report
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 87,148
Referee: Istvan Zsolt (Hungary)
France v Mexico
13 July 1966
19:30 BST
France
1–1
Mexico
Hausser 62' Report Borja 48'
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 69,237
Referee: Menachem Ashkenazi (Israel)
Uruguay v France
15 July 1966
19:30 BST
Uruguay
2–1
France
Rocha 26'
Cortés 31' Report De Bourgoing 15' (pen.)
White City Stadium, London
Attendance: 45,662
Referee: Karol Galba (Czechoslovakia)
England v Mexico
16 July 1966
19:30 BST
England
2–0
Mexico
B. Charlton 37'
Hunt 75' Report
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 92,570
Referee: Concetto Lo Bello (Italy)
Mexico v Uruguay
19 July 1966
16:30 BST
Mexico
0–0
Uruguay
Report
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 61,112
Referee: Bertil Lööw (Sweden)
England v France
20 July 1966
19:30 BST
England
2–0
France
Hunt 38', 75' Report
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 98,270
Referee: Arturo Yamasaki (Peru)
Group 2[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Group 2
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
West Germany 3 2 1 0 7 1 7.00 5
Argentina 3 2 1 0 4 1 4.00 5
Spain 3 1 0 2 4 5 0.80 2
Switzerland 3 0 0 3 1 9 0.11 0
West Germany were placed first due to superior goal average.
West Germany v Switzerland
12 July 1966
19:30 BST
West Germany
5–0
Switzerland
Held 16'
Haller 21', 77' (pen.)
Beckenbauer 40', 52' Report
Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield
Attendance: 36,127
Referee: Hugh Phillips (Scotland)
Argentina v Spain
13 July 1966
19:30 BST
Argentina
2–1
Spain
Artime 65', 77' Report Pirri 67'
Villa Park, Birmingham
Attendance: 42,738
Referee: Dimiter Rumentchev (Bulgaria)
Spain v Switzerland
15 July 1966
19:30 BST
Spain
2–1
Switzerland
Sanchís 57'
Amancio 75' Report Quentin 31'
Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield
Attendance: 32,028
Referee: Tofiq Bahramov (Soviet Union)
Argentina v West Germany
16 July 1966
15:00 BST
Argentina
0–0
West Germany
Report
Villa Park, Birmingham
Attendance: 46,587
Referee: Konstantin Zečević (Yugoslavia)
Argentina v Switzerland
19 July 1966
19:30 BST
Argentina
2–0
Switzerland
Artime 52'
Onega 79' Report
Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield
Attendance: 32,127
Referee: Joaquim Campos (Portugal)
West Germany v Spain
20 July 1966
19:30 BST
West Germany
2–1
Spain
Emmerich 39'
Seeler 84' Report Fusté 23'
Villa Park, Birmingham
Attendance: 42,187
Referee: Armando Marques (Brazil)
Group 3[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Group 3
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Portugal 3 3 0 0 9 2 4.50 6
Hungary 3 2 0 1 7 5 1.40 4
Brazil 3 1 0 2 4 6 0.67 2
Bulgaria 3 0 0 3 1 8 0.13 0
Brazil v Bulgaria
12 July 1966
19:30 BST
Brazil
2–0
Bulgaria
Pelé 15'
Garrincha 63' Report
Goodison Park, Liverpool
Attendance: 47,308
Referee: Kurt Tschenscher (West Germany)
Portugal v Hungary
13 July 1966
19:30 BST
Portugal
3–1
Hungary
José Augusto 1', 67'
Torres 90' Report Bene 60'
Old Trafford, Manchester
Attendance: 29,886
Referee: Leo Callaghan (Wales)
Hungary v Brazil
15 July 1966
19:30 BST
Hungary
3–1
Brazil
Bene 2'
Farkas 64'
Mészöly 73' (pen.) Report Tostão 14'
Goodison Park, Liverpool
Attendance: 51,387
Referee: Ken Dagnall (England)
Portugal v Bulgaria
16 July 1966
15:00 BST
Portugal
3–0
Bulgaria
Vutsov 17' (o.g.)
Eusébio 38'
Torres 81' Report
Old Trafford, Manchester
Attendance: 25,438
Referee: José María Codesal (Uruguay)
Portugal v Brazil
19 July 1966
19:30 BST
Portugal
3–1
Brazil
Simões 15'
Eusébio 27', 85' Report Rildo 73'
Goodison Park, Liverpool
Attendance: 58,479
Referee: George McCabe (England)
Hungary v Bulgaria
20 July 1966
19:30 BST
Hungary
3–1
Bulgaria
Davidov 43' (o.g.)
Mészöly 45'
Bene 54' Report Asparuhov 15'
Old Trafford, Manchester
Attendance: 24,129
Referee: Roberto Goicoechea (Argentina)
Group 4[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Group 4
Team
Pld
W
D
L
GF
GA
GAv
Pts
Soviet Union 3 3 0 0 6 1 6.00 6
North Korea 3 1 1 1 2 4 0.50 3
Italy 3 1 0 2 2 2 1.00 2
Chile 3 0 1 2 2 5 0.40 1
Soviet Union v North Korea
12 July 1966
19:30 BST
Soviet Union
3–0
North Korea
Malofeyev 31', 88'
Banishevskiy 33' Report
Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough
Attendance: 23,006
Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay (Spain)
Italy v Chile
13 July 1966
19:30 BST
Italy
2–0
Chile
Mazzola 8'
Barison 88' Report
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 27,199
Referee: Gottfried Dienst (Switzerland)
Chile v North Korea
15 July 1966
19:30 BST
Chile
1–1
North Korea
Marcos 26' (pen.) Report Pak Seung-zin 88'
Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough
Attendance: 13,792
Referee: Ali Kandil (United Arab Republic)
Soviet Union v Italy
16 July 1966
15:00 BST
Soviet Union
1–0
Italy
Chislenko 57' Report
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 27,793
Referee: Rudolf Kreitlein (West Germany)
North Korea v Italy
19 July 1966
19:30 BST
North Korea
1–0
Italy
Pak Doo-ik 42' Report
Ayresome Park, Middlesbrough
Attendance: 17,829
Referee: Pierre Schwinte (France)
Soviet Union v Chile
20 July 1966
19:30 BST
Soviet Union
2–1
Chile
Porkujan 28', 85' Report Marcos 32'
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 16,027
Referee: John Adair (Northern Ireland)
Knockout stage[edit]
Quarter-finals Semi-finals Final
23 July – London (Wembley)
England 1
26 July – London (Wembley)
Argentina 0
England 2
23 July – Liverpool (Goodison Park)
Portugal 1
Portugal 5
30 July – London (Wembley)
North Korea 3
England (aet) 4
23 July – Sheffield (Hillsborough Stadium)
West Germany 2
West Germany 4
25 July – Liverpool (Goodison Park)
Uruguay 0
West Germany 2 Third place
23 July – Sunderland (Roker Park)
Soviet Union 1 28 July – London (Wembley)
Soviet Union 2
Portugal 2
Hungary 1
Soviet Union 1
Quarter-finals[edit]
Portugal v North Korea
23 July 1966
15:00 BST
Portugal
5–3
North Korea
Eusébio 27', 43' (pen.), 56', 59' (pen.)
José Augusto 80' Report Pak Seung-zin 1'
Li Dong-woon 22'
Yang Seung-Kook 25'
Goodison Park, Liverpool
Attendance: 40,248
Referee: Menachem Ashkenazi (Israel)
West Germany v Uruguay
23 July 1966
15:00 BST
West Germany
4–0
Uruguay
Haller 11', 83'
Beckenbauer 70'
Seeler 75' Report
Hillsborough Stadium, Sheffield
Attendance: 40,007
Referee: Jim Finney (England)
Soviet Union v Hungary
23 July 1966
15:00 BST
Soviet Union
2–1
Hungary
Chislenko 5'
Porkujan 46' Report Bene 57'
Roker Park, Sunderland
Attendance: 26,844
Referee: Juan Gardeazábal Garay (Spain)
England v Argentina
23 July 1966
15:00 BST
England
1–0
Argentina
Hurst 78' Report
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 90,584
Referee: Rudolf Kreitlein (West Germany)
Semi-finals[edit]
West Germany v Soviet Union
25 July 1966
19:30 BST
West Germany
2–1
Soviet Union
Haller 42'
Beckenbauer 67' Report Porkujan 88'
Goodison Park, Liverpool
Attendance: 38,273
Referee: Concetto Lo Bello (Italy)
England v Portugal
26 July 1966
19:30 BST
England
2–1
Portugal
B. Charlton 30', 80' Report Eusébio 82' (pen.)
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 94,493
Referee: Pierre Schwinte (France)
Third-place match[edit]
Portugal v Soviet Union
28 July 1966
19:30 BST
Portugal
2–1
Soviet Union
Eusébio 12' (pen.)
Torres 89' Report Malofeyev 43'
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 87,696
Referee: Ken Dagnall (England)
Final[edit]
Main article: 1966 FIFA World Cup Final
England v West Germany
30 July 1966
15:00 BST
England
4–2 (a.e.t.)
West Germany
Hurst 18', 101', 120'
Peters 78' Report Haller 12'
Weber 89'
Wembley Stadium, London
Attendance: 96,924
Referee: Gottfried Dienst (Switzerland)
Goalscorers[edit]
With nine goals, Eusébio was the top scorer in the tournament. In total, 89 goals were scored by 47 different players, with two of them credited as own goals.
9 goals
Eusébio
6 goals
Helmut Haller
4 goals
Geoff Hurst
Ferenc Bene
Valeriy Porkujan
Franz Beckenbauer
3 goals
Luis Artime
Bobby Charlton
Roger Hunt
José Augusto
José Torres
Eduard Malofeyev
2 goals
Rubén Marcos
Kálmán Mészöly
Pak Seung-zin
Igor Chislenko
Uwe Seeler
1 goal
Ermindo Onega
Garrincha
Pelé
Rildo
Tostão
Georgi Asparuhov
Martin Peters
Héctor De Bourgoing
Gérard Hausser
János Farkas
Paolo Barison
Sandro Mazzola
Enrique Borja
Li Dong-woon
Pak Doo-ik
Yang Seung-kook
António Simões
Anatoliy Banishevskiy
Amancio
Josep Maria Fusté
Pirri
Manuel Sanchís
René-Pierre Quentin
Julio César Cortés
Pedro Rocha
Lothar Emmerich
Sigfried Held
Wolfgang Weber
Own goals
Ivan Davidov (against Hungary)
Ivan Vutsov (against Portugal)
All-star team[edit]
Goalkeeper
Defenders
Midfielders
Forwards
Gordon Banks
George Cohen
Bobby Moore
Vicente
Silvio Marzolini
Franz Beckenbauer
Mário Coluna
Bobby Charlton
Flórián Albert
Uwe Seeler
Eusébio
Source:[19]
FIFA retrospective ranking[edit]
In 1986, FIFA published a report that ranked all teams in each World Cup up to and including 1986, based on progress in the competition, overall results and quality of the opposition.[20][21] The rankings for the 1966 tournament were as follows:
R
Team
G
P
W
D
L
GF
GA
GD
Pts.
1 England 1 6 5 1 0 11 3 +8 11
2 West Germany 2 6 4 1 1 15 6 +9 9
3 Portugal 3 6 5 0 1 17 8 +9 10
4 Soviet Union 4 6 4 0 2 10 6 +4 8
Eliminated in the quarter-finals
5 Argentina 2 4 2 1 1 4 2 +2 5
6 Hungary 3 4 2 0 2 8 7 +1 4
7 Uruguay 1 4 1 2 1 2 5 −3 4
8 North Korea 4 4 1 1 2 5 9 −4 3
Eliminated in the group stage
9 Italy 4 3 1 0 2 2 2 0 2
10 Spain 2 3 1 0 2 4 5 −1 2
11 Brazil 3 3 1 0 2 4 6 −2 2
12 Mexico 1 3 0 2 1 1 3 −2 2
13 Chile 4 3 0 1 2 2 5 −3 1
France 1 3 0 1 2 2 5 −3 1
15 Bulgaria 3 3 0 0 3 1 8 −7 0
16 Switzerland 2 3 0 0 3 1 9 −8 0
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Hurst the hero for England in the home of football". FIFA.com. Archived from the original on 2013-12-20.
Jump up ^ "1966 FIFA™ World Cup England – Final". FIFA.com.
Jump up ^ Why Africa boycotted the 1966 World Cup, BBC News, 12th July 2016
Jump up ^ Atherton, Martin [2008]The Theft of the Jules Rimet Trophy: The Hidden History of the 1966 World Cup. Meyer & Meyer Verlag. p.93, Retrieved 15 September 2010 from 'The Theft of the Jules Rimet Trophy', via Google Books
Jump up ^ "History of the World Cup Final Draw" (PDF). Archived (PDF) from the original on 14 June 2010. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
Jump up ^ "History of the World Cup". fifaworldcup.webspace.virginmedia.com. Archived from the original on 24 February 2014. Retrieved 15 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Alsos, Jan. "1966 – Story of England '66". Planet World Cup. Archived from the original on 12 June 2010. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
Jump up ^ "Mundial de Inglaterra 1966 – SIGUEN LOS CHOREOS A SUDAMÉRICA". Todoslosmundiales.com.ar. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Hackett, Robin (7 April 2011). "Blue is the colour". ESPNFC. Archived from the original on 4 February 2012. Retrieved 20 November 2013.
Jump up ^ "Mundial de Inglaterra 1966 – EL ROBO DEL SIGLO". Todoslosmundiales.com.ar. Archived from the original on 5 June 2010. Retrieved 3 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Vickery, Tim. "Argentina's class of '78 deserve respect". BBC Sport. Retrieved 13 February 2012. [Tim Vickery's comment (no.29):] The semi final switch – I believe this is more down to the FIFA Exec Com than to Rous – in this pre-mass TV age the box office was still important, so it was obviously tempting from a financial point of view to have the ho[m]e side play in the stadium with the biggest capacity
Jump up ^ "England's 2–1 win brings first final". Montreal Gazette. 27 July 1966. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "ENGLAND PORTUGAL 1/2 FINAL WORLD CUP 1966". YouTube. 27 December 2007. Retrieved 15 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "West Germany Nips 10 Russians 2–1". Montreal Gazette. 26 July 1966. Retrieved 11 October 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c McIlvanney, Hugh (30 July 2008). "From the Vault: Hurst's hat-trick wins the World Cup". guardian.co.uk. Guardian Media Group. Archived from the original on 6 June 2010. Retrieved 22 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Reid, Ian; Zisserman, Andrew. "Goal-directed Video Metrology" (PDF). University of Oxford. Retrieved 10 February 2012.
Jump up ^ "Kenneth Wolstenholme". The Daily Telegraph. Telegraph Media Group. 27 March 2002. Retrieved 22 June 2010. Kenneth Wolstenholme, who has died aged 81, was the voice of football on the BBC for almost a quarter of a century and the author of arguably the most celebrated words in British sports broadcasting, his commentary on England's last goal in the World Cup Final of 1966: "Some people are on the pitch. They think it's all over – it is now!"
Jump up ^ http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10305374
Jump up ^ "All Star Team". football.sporting99.com. Archived from the original on 30 June 2016. Retrieved 6 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Permanent Table" (PDF). p. 230. Retrieved 2014-06-28.
Jump up ^ "FIFA World Cup: Milestones, facts & figures. Statistical Kit 7" (PDF). FIFA. 26 March 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 May 2013.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to FIFA World Cup 1966.
1966 FIFA World Cup England ™, FIFA.com
Details at RSSSF
FIFA Technical Report
English football portal
1960s portal
[show]
v
t
e
1966 FIFA World Cup
Stages
Group stage
Group 1
Group 2
Group 3
Group 4
Knockout stage
Final
General information
Qualification
Squads
[show]
v
t
e
1966 FIFA World Cup finalists
Champions
England
Runners-up
West Germany
Third place
Portugal
Fourth place
Soviet Union
Quarter-final
Argentina
Hungary
North Korea
Uruguay
Group stage
Brazil
Bulgaria
Chile
France
Italy
Mexico
Spain
Switzerland
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
[show]
v
t
e
FIFA World Cup
Tournaments
Uruguay 1930
Italy 1934
France 1938
Brazil 1950
Switzerland 1954
Sweden 1958
Chile 1962
England 1966
Mexico 1970
West Germany 1974
Argentina 1978
Spain 1982
Mexico 1986
Italy 1990
United States 1994
France 1998
South Korea/Japan 2002
Germany 2006
South Africa 2010
Brazil 2014
Russia 2018
Qatar 2022
2026
2030
2034
Qualification
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Finals
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Squads
1930
1934
1938
1950
1954
1958
1962
1966
1970
1974
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Seedings
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Broadcasters
1998
2002
2006
2010
2014
2018
Bids
2014
2018 and 2022
2026
2030
Records and statistics
All-time table
Goalscorers
top goalscorers
finals goalscorers
hat-tricks
own goals
Penalty shoot-outs
Player appearances
Red cards
Referees
Team appearances
Teams with no appearances
Miscellaneous
Awards
Balls
Economics
Final draw
History
Hosts
Mascots
Official films
Official songs
Organisers
Trophy
Video games
Notes: There was no qualification for the 1930 World Cup as places were given by invitation only. In 1950, there was no final; the article is about the decisive match of the final group stage.
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 150743816
LCCN: no2013079959
GND: 2010941-6
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=1966_FIFA_World_Cup&oldid=826747672"
Categories:
1966 FIFA World Cup
1966–67 in English football
FIFA World Cup tournaments
International association football competitions hosted by England
International sports boycotts
July 1966 sports events
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from March 2012
Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters
Pages using div col with deprecated parameters
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Afrikaans
አማርኛ
العربية
Avañe'ẽ
Azərbaycanca
Беларуская
Български
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Català
Čeština
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Euskara
فارسی
Français
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
Hrvatski
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
ქართული
Қазақша
Latina
Latviešu
Lietuvių
Magyar
Македонски
मराठी
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Português
Română
Runa Simi
Русский
Shqip
Simple English
Slovenčina
Slovenščina
کوردی
Српски / srpski
Suomi
Svenska
Татарча/tatarça
ไทย
Türkçe
Українська
اردو
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 20 February 2018, at 20:10.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: caption

attrs: alt src width height data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/Jules_Rimet_Trophy
mw-redirect
Jules Rimet Trophy

values:
/wiki/FIFA_World_Cup_records
mw-redirect
FIFA World Cup records

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup qualification (Africa, Asia and Oceania)

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONCACAF)

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup qualification (CONMEBOL)

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup qualification (UEFA)

values: World map with result of qualifications for the 1966 soccer world cup

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #000cff; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: -webkit-column-break-inside: avoid;page-break-inside: avoid;break-inside: avoid-column

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #ffb400; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color:black; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #ababab; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; width:100%;

values:
/wiki/Goal_average
mw-redirect
Goal average

values: Edit section: Quarter-finals, semi-finals, and third-place match

values: World map showing results of participants of the 1966 soccer world cup

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #2b42a3; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #34c0be; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #269c5a; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #81c846; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #e4e454; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values: display:inline-block; width:1.5em; height:1.5em; margin:1px 0; border:1px solid black; background-color: #b94954; color:black; font-size:100%; text-align:center;

values:
/wiki/Overtime_(association_football)
mw-redirect
Overtime (association football)

values:
/wiki/World_Cup_Willie
mw-redirect
World Cup Willie

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup is located in England

values:
/wiki/Sunderland,_Tyne_and_Wear
mw-redirect
Sunderland, Tyne and Wear

values: Ayresome Park in 1991 - geograph.org.uk - 2796728.jpg

values:
wikitable
text-align:center; margin:0.5em auto;

values: José María Codesal (page does not exist)

values: Roberto Goicoechea (page does not exist)

values: div-col columns column-count column-count-2

values: -moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2;

values: John Adair (referee) (page does not exist)

values: Juan Gardeazábal Garay (page does not exist)

values: Hugh Phillips (referee) (page does not exist)

values: Dimitar Rumentchev (page does not exist)

values: Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia

values: Konstantin Zečević (page does not exist)

values:
width:39%; text-align:right
vcard attendee

values:
width:39%; text-align:left
vcard attendee

values: float:left; width:61%; table-layout:fixed; text-align:center

values:
/wiki/Istvan_Zsolt
mw-redirect
Istvan Zsolt

values: width: 100%; background-color: transparent; clear:both

values: Football Association of the Czech Republic

values: Dimiter Rumentchev (page does not exist)

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup Group 4 (page does not exist)

values: border-width:0 0 1px 0; border-style: solid;border-color:black;

values: border-width:2px 3px 0 0; border-style: solid;border-color:black;

values: border-width:0 3px 1px 0; border-style: solid;border-color:black;

values: border-width:2px 0 0 0; border-style: solid;border-color:black;

values: border-width:2px 3px 1px 0; border-style: solid;border-color:black;

values:
/wiki/Yang_Seung-Kook
mw-redirect
Yang Seung-Kook

values: -moz-column-width: 18em; -webkit-column-width: 18em; column-width: 18em;

values: Edit section: FIFA retrospective ranking

values:
wikitable
font-size: 95%; text-align: center;

values:
nofollow
external free
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10305374

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.rsssf.com/tables/66full.html

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: 1966 FIFA World Cup knockout stage (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Template talk:1966 FIFA World Cup finalists

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/2018_FIFA_World_Cup_squads
mw-redirect
2018 FIFA World Cup squads

values:
/wiki/2026_FIFA_World_Cup_bids
mw-redirect
2026 FIFA World Cup bids

values:
/wiki/2030_FIFA_World_Cup_bids
mw-redirect
2030 FIFA World Cup bids

values: List of FIFA World Cup finals goalscorers

values: List of FIFA World Cup penalty shoot-outs

values: List of players who have appeared in multiple FIFA World Cups

values: National team appearances in the FIFA World Cup

values: List of national teams with no FIFA World Cup appearances

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/150743816

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/2010941-6

values: Category:International association football competitions hosted by England

values: Category:Pages using div col without cols and colwidth parameters

values: Category:Pages using div col with deprecated parameters

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/1966_FIFA_World_Cup
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: FIFA Sokker-Wêreldbekertoernooi in 1966 – Afrikaans

values: የ1966 እ.ኤ.አ. ፊፋ የዓለም ዋንጫ – Amharic

values: كأس العالم لكرة القدم 1966 – Arabic

values: Чэмпіянат свету па футболе 1966 – Belarusian

values: Световно първенство по футбол 1966 – Bulgarian

values: Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu 1966. – Bosnian

values: Copa del Món de Futbol de 1966 – Catalan

values: Mistrovství světa ve fotbale 1966 – Czech

values: 1966. aasta jalgpalli maailmameistrivõistlused – Estonian

values: Παγκόσμιο Κύπελλο Ποδοσφαίρου 1966 – Greek

values: Copa Mundial de Fútbol de 1966 – Spanish

values: 1966ko Munduko Futbol Txapelketa – Basque

values: جام جهانی فوتبال ۱۹۶۶ – Persian

values: Coupe du monde de football de 1966 – French

values: Mundial de Fútbol Inglaterra 1966 – Galician

values: Ֆուտբոլի աշխարհի առաջնություն 1966 – Armenian

values: Svjetsko prvenstvo u nogometu - Engleska 1966. – Croatian

values: Campionato mondiale di calcio 1966 – Italian

values: მსოფლიო საფეხბურთო ჩემპიონატი 1966 – Georgian

values: Футболдан әлем чемпионаты 1966 – Kazakh

values: Certamen Mundanum Pedilusorium (1966) – Latin

values: 1966. gada FIFA Pasaules kauss – Latvian

values: VIII pasaulio futbolo čempionatas – Lithuanian

values: 1966-os labdarúgó-világbajnokság – Hungarian

values: Светско првенство во фудбал 1966 – Macedonian

values: १९६६ फिफा विश्वचषक – Marathi

values: Wereldkampioenschap voetbal 1966 – Dutch

values: Mistrzostwa Świata w Piłce Nożnej 1966 – Polish

values: Campionatul Mondial de Fotbal 1966 – Romanian

values: Piluta Hayt'ay Pachantin Kupa 1966 – Quechua

values: Чемпионат мира по футболу 1966 – Russian

values: Majstrovstvá sveta vo futbale 1966 – Slovak

values: Svetovno prvenstvo v nogometu 1966 – Slovenian

values: جامی جیھانیی فیفای ١٩٦٦ – Central Kurdish

values: Светско првенство у фудбалу 1966. – Serbian

values: Jalkapallon maailmanmestaruuskilpailut 1966 – Finnish

values: Världsmästerskapet i fotboll 1966 – Swedish

values: 1966 елгы дөнья футбол чемпионаты – Tatar

values: ฟุตบอลโลก 1966 – Thai

values: Чемпіонат світу з футболу 1966 – Ukrainian

values: 1966ء فیفا عالمی کپ – Urdu

values: Giải bóng đá vô địch thế giới 1966 – Vietnamese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-1966_FIFA_World_Cup rootpage-1966_FIFA_World_Cup skin-vector action-view


text:
Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2011) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997
Long title
A bill to amend the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act and the Public Health Service Act to improve the regulation of food, drugs, devices, and biological products, and for other purposes.
Acronyms (colloquial)
FDAMA
Enacted by
the 105th United States Congress
Effective
November 21, 1997
Citations
Public law
105-115
Statutes at Large
111 U.S. Stat 2296
Codification
Acts amended
Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act
Titles amended
Title 21 USC 301: Food and Drugs
Legislative history
Introduced in the Senate as S.830 by
Sen Spencer Abraham
Sen Daniel Coats
Sen Christopher J. Dodd
Sen William H. Frist
Sen Chuck Hagel
Sen James M. Jeffords
Sen Connie Mack, III
Sen Barbara A. Mikulski
on June 5, 1997
Committee consideration by
Senate Labor and Human Resources
House Commerce
Subcommittee on Health and Environment
Signed into law by President William J. Clinton on November 21, 1997
The United States Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997 (FDAMA) amended the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act. This act is related to the regulation of food, drugs, devices, and biological products by the FDA. These changes were made in order to recognize the changes in the way the FDA would be operating in the 21st century. The main focus of this is the acknowledgment in the advancement of technological, trade, and public health complexities.
Contents
1 History
2 Provisions
3 Controversies
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
Congressman Richard Burr and Senator James M. Jeffords were the chairperson sponsors of the Food and Drug Administration Regulatory Modernization Act of 1997 or Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997.[1] The U.S. legislation was signed by Bill Clinton on 21 November 1997,[2] and was fully enacted by 1 April 1999,[3] putting into law reforms begun under the National Partnership for Reinventing Government. One result of the passing of the act was a reduction in the time for the approval of new pharmaceutical drugs.[4]
Provisions[edit]
The FDA Modernization Act of 1997 was a piece of legislation that concentrated on reforming the regulation of food, medical products, and cosmetics in the United States. The following are the most significant provisions of the act:
Prescription drug user fees
The act reauthorized, for five more years, the Prescription Drug User Fee Act of 1992 (PDUFA). The purpose of this was to enable the FDA to reduce the average time required for a drug review from 30 months to 15 months.
FDA initiatives and programs
The law enacts many FDA initiatives undertaken in recent years under Vice President Al Gore's Reinventing Government program. The codified initiatives include measures to modernize the regulation of biological products by bringing them in harmony with the regulations for drugs and eliminating the need for establishment license application; eliminate the batch certification and monograph requirements for insulin and antibiotics; streamline the approval processes for drug and biological manufacturing changes; and reduce the need for environmental assessment as part of a product application.
The act also codifies FDA regulations and practice to increase patient access to experimental drugs and medical devices and to accelerate review of important new medications. In addition, the law provides for an expanded database on clinical trials, which will be accessible by patients. With the sponsor's consent, the results of such clinical trials will be included in the database. Under a separate provision, patients will receive advance notice when a manufacturer plans to discontinue a drug on which they depend for life support or sustenance, or for a treatment of a serious or debilitating disease or condition.
Information on off-label use and drug economics
The law abolishes the long-standing prohibition of broadcasting by manufacturers of information about unapproved uses of drugs and medical devices. The act allows a firm to circulate peer-reviewed journal articles about an off-label indication of its product, providing the company is also committing itself to file proof of research within a certain amount of time.
The act also allows drug companies to provide economic information about their products to formulary committees, managed care organizations, and similar large-scale buyers of health-care products. The provision is intended to provide such entities with dependable facts about the economic consequences of their procurement decisions. The law, however, does not permit the spreading of economic information that could affect prescribing choices to individual medical practitioners.
Pharmacy compounding
The act creates a special exemption to ensure continued availability of compounded drug products prepared by pharmacists to provide patients with individualized therapies not available commercially. The law, however, seeks to prevent manufacturing under the guise of compounding by establishing parameters within which the practice is appropriate and lawful.
Risk-based regulation of medical devices
The act complements and builds on the FDA's recent measures to focus its resources on medical devices that present the greatest risks to patients. For example, the law exempts from premarket notification, class I devices that are not intended for a use that is of substantial importance in preventing impairment of human health, or that do not present a potential unreasonable risk of illness or injury. The law also directs the FDA to focus its post market surveillance on higher risk devices, and allows the agency to implement a reporting system that concentrates on a representative sample of user facilities—such as hospitals and nursing homes—that experience deaths and serious illnesses or injuries linked with the use of devices.
Finally, the law expands an ongoing pilot program under which the FDA accredits outside—so-called "third party"—experts to conduct the initial review of all low-to-intermediate risk class I and II devices. The act, however, specifies that an accredited person may not review devices that are permanently implantable, life-supporting, life sustaining, or for which clinical data are required.
Food safety and labeling
The act eliminates the requirement of the FDA's premarket approval for most packaging and other substances that come in contact with food and may migrate into it. Instead, the law establishes a process whereby the manufacturer can notify the agency of its intent to use certain food contact substances and, unless the FDA objects within 120 days, the manufacturer may proceed with the marketing of the new product. Implementation of the notification process is contingent on additional appropriations to cover its cost to the agency. The act also expands procedures under which the FDA can authorize health claims and nutrient content claims without reducing the statutory standard.
Standards for medical products
While the act reduces or simplifies many regulatory obligations of manufacturers, it does not lower the standards by which medical products are introduced into the market place. In the area of drugs, the law codifies the agency's current practice of allowing in certain circumstances one clinical investigation as the basis for product approval. The act, however, does preserve the presumption that, as a general rule, two adequate and well-controlled studies are needed to prove the product's safety and effectiveness.
In the area of medical devices, the act specifies that the FDA may keep out of the market products whose manufacturing processes are so deficient that they could present a serious health hazard. The law also gives the agency authority to take appropriate action if the technology of a device suggests that it is likely to be used for a potentially harmful unlabeled use.[5][6]
Prescription Drug User Fee Act
The FDAMA required all of these specifications, in addition many of these provisions were required to completed in a specific time period. These are specified in the FDAMA Implementation Chart of Completed Items.
Controversies[edit]
The biggest complaint in regards to this act was the amount of time, money, and effort it would require. This act required the government to make good on a lot of its promises within the FDA. On October 7, 1998, the Acting Commissioner of the Food and Drug Administration, Michael A. Friedman, M.D., said this in regards to the acts implementation:
Coming at this time of vigorous scientific growth, implementing FDAMA is one of the most demanding challenges faced by the Agency in its 92 year history. It has been a challenge, albeit one I believe we have substantially met, to promulgate the many regulations and guidances, and take the other steps, necessary to effectuate the changes set forth in the statute. We are thoroughly committed to meeting this challenge.
Critics questioned the necessity of the act, stating that the Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act was a substantial legislature on its own. In addition, many questioned whether the shortened time frame for the approval of prescription drugs would do more harm than good.[7]
See also[edit]
Food and Drug Administration Amendments Act of 2007
References[edit]
Jump up ^ 105th U.S. Congress (April 23, 1997). "H.R.1411: Food and Drug Administration Regulatory Modernization Act of 1997". U.S. House of Representative Bill Summary & Status. Library of Congress THOMAS. Retrieved March 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Clinton, William J. (21 November 1997). "Statement on Signing the Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997". The American Presidency Project. John T. Woolley & Gerhard Peters, University of California, Santa Barbara. Retrieved 2009-07-27.
Jump up ^ Buck, Marcia L. (12 January 2000). "The FDA Modernization Act of 1997: Impact on Pediatric Medicine". Pediatric Pharmacotherapy. Medscape. 6 (12).
Jump up ^ Kaitin, Kenneth I.; Joseph A. DiMasi (2000). "Measuring the pace of new drug development in the user fee era" (PDF). Drug Information Journal. Drug Information Association, Inc. 34: 673–680. doi:10.1177/009286150003400303.
Jump up ^ "Food and Drug Administration Modernization Act of 1997". The National Academies. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "FDA Backgrounder on FDAMA". FDA. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
Jump up ^ Friedman, M.D., Michael A. "Testimony on the Implementation of the FDA Modernization Act of 1997". Assistant Secretary For Legislation. Retrieved 23 March 2011.
External links[edit]
FDA page on the FDAMA
FDAMA Implementation Chart of Completed Items
show
v
t
e
Food and Drug Administration of the United States
Divisions
Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research
Center for Devices and Radiological Health
Center for Drug Evaluation and Research
Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition
Center for Tobacco Products
Center for Veterinary Medicine
National Center for Toxicological Research
Office of Criminal Investigations
Office of Regulatory Affairs
Major Acts
Family Smoking Prevention and Tobacco Control Act
FDA Modernization Act of 1997
Federal Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act
Food Safety Modernization Act
PDUFA, 1992
Pure Food and Drug Act
Title 21 Regulations & Rules
Administrative Law
• Title 21 of the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR)
Federal Journal
• Federal Register (FR)
Federal Law
• Title 21 of the United States Code (U.S.C.)
Commissioners
Harvey W. Wiley
Carl L. Alsberg
Charles A. Browne
Walter G. Campbell
Paul B. Dunbar
Charles W. Crawford
George P. Larrick
James L. Goddard
Herbert L. Ley
Charles C. Edwards
Alexander M. Schmidt
Donald Kennedy
Jere E. Goyan
Arthur H. Hayes Jr.
Frank Edward Young
David Aaron Kessler
Jane E. Henney
Mark McClellan
Lester Crawford
Andrew von Eschenbach
Margaret Hamburg
Robert Califf
Scott Gottlieb
Society and culture
Criticism of the Food and Drug Administration
FDA Most Wanted Fugitives
History of the Food and Drug Administration
Regulation of food and dietary supplements by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration
Commissioner of Food and Drugs
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Food_and_Drug_Administration_Modernization_Act_of_1997&oldid=848387109"
Categories:
1997 in law
Food and Drug Administration
Health law in the United States
Pharmaceuticals policy
United States federal health legislation
Acts of the 105th United States Congress
Hidden categories:
Articles needing additional references from July 2011
All articles needing additional references
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 1 July 2018, at 16:18 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: href title

value: b

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: i

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/James_M._Jeffords
mw-redirect
James M. Jeffords

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Template talk:Food and Drug Administration

values:
/wiki/Office_of_Regulatory_Affairs
mw-redirect
Office of Regulatory Affairs

values:
navbox-image
5
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Food_Safety_Modernization_Act
mw-redirect
Food Safety Modernization Act

values:
/wiki/David_Aaron_Kessler
mw-redirect
David Aaron Kessler

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Health law in the United States

values: Category:United States federal health legislation

values: Category:Acts of the 105th United States Congress

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from July 2011

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Food_and_Drug_Administration_Modernization_Act_of_1997 rootpage-Food_and_Drug_Administration_Modernization_Act_of_1997 skin-vector action-view