text:
Pulling Mussels (from the Shell)
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"Pulling Mussels (From the Shell)"
Single by Squeeze
from the album Argybargy
B-side
"What The Butler Saw"
Released
9 May 1980
Format
7" vinyl
Recorded
1979
Genre
Rock, new wave
Length
3:58
Label
A&M
Songwriter(s)
Chris Difford, Glenn Tilbrook
Producer(s)
John Wood, Squeeze
Squeeze singles chronology
"If I Didn't Love You"
(1980) "Pulling Mussels (From the Shell)"
(1980) "Farfisa Beat"
(1980)
"If I Didn't Love You"
(1980) "Pulling Mussels (From the Shell)"
(1980) "Farfisa Beat"
(1980)
Argybargy track listing
[show]
11 tracks
Side one
"Pulling Mussels (from the Shell)"
"Another Nail in My Heart"
"Separate Beds"
"Misadventure"
"I Think I'm Go Go"
Side two
"Farfisa Beat"
"Here Comes That Feeling"
"Vicky Verky"
"If I Didn't Love You"
"Wrong Side of the Moon"
"There at the Top"
Audio sample
file
help
"Pulling Mussels (From the Shell)" is a song by the band Squeeze. First released on the 1980 album Argybargy, it received positive critical reviews, peaked at No. 44 on the UK Singles Chart, and became one of Squeeze's most popular songs. The song is about one of the band members' experiences at a holiday camp.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Release
3 Reception
3.1 Critical reception
3.2 Chart performance
4 Live performances
5 Track listing
6 Charts
7 References
Background[edit]
The song "Pulling Mussels" was written by band members Chris Difford and Glenn Tilbrook.[1] According to critic Chris Woodstra, it is an "observation of the British working class" and "offers a series of detailed snapshots of the different walks of life on a seaside holiday in Leysdown on Sea."[2]
The lyrics are based on Difford's own experiences. Rob Sachs interviewed Difford and wrote that the song "is about a memory he has from his time spent at a British holiday camp in, a budget resort type of place that includes basic accommodations, entertainment, and other facilities."[3]
The lines "They do it down on Camber Sands / They do it at Waikiki" refer to a sand dune system in East Sussex, England, and the Honolulu, Hawaii beach, respectively.[4] The phrase "pulling mussels" is British slang for sexual intercourse, mainly used in England.[5]
The song features piano playing by keyboardist Jools Holland.[6]
Release[edit]
"Pulling Mussels" was released as the first track on Squeeze's album Argybargy in February 1980. The 7" single was released in April 1980 with the B-side "What the Butler Saw".[7]
The song has also been included on several of Squeeze's compilation albums, such as Singles – 45's and Under, Greatest Hits, and The Big Squeeze – The Very Best of Squeeze.[7] It was re-recorded for the 2010 album Spot the Difference.[8] A live version was included on A Round and a Bout.[7]
Reception[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
"Pulling Mussels" received positive reviews from music critics. It has been variously described as "a timeless cult classic", "a brilliant slice of pop genius", "a pop classic of the new wave era", and "a piece of pop mastery".[2][7][9][10] In 2007, Anna Borg wrote, "The build up before the chorus always gets me, even 25 years later."[11] Allmusic's Stephen Thomas Erlewine described the song as "a vivid portrait of a seaside vacation where Difford's vignettes are made all the more vivid by Tilbrook's bright, invigorating pop."[12] It is regarded as one of Squeeze's catchiest songs.[13]
Chart performance[edit]
The single debuted on the UK chart at No. 52 on 10 May 1980. It stayed on the chart for six weeks, peaking at No. 44 on 24 May.[14]
Though the song did not chart in the United States, it became a hit on the country's college radio stations and in new wave clubs.[15]
Live performances[edit]
"Pulling Mussels" is a "crowd favorite" at Squeeze concerts.[16] The band performed the song on Saturday Night Live on 20 November 1982.[4] They played the song at concerts during the 1980s and early 1990s.[13][16] In 2001, it was the finale of a Glenn Tilbrook show in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States.[17] Squeeze played "Pulling Mussels" last during concerts in 2010.[18][19]
Track listing[edit]
7-inch vinyl[7]
"Pulling Mussels (From the Shell)"
"What The Butler Saw"
Charts[edit]
Chart (1980)
Peak
position
UK Singles[14] 44
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Pulling Mussels (From the Shell)". AllMusic. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b All Music Guide to Rock (2002). Hal Leonard Corporation. p. 1065.
Jump up ^ Sachs, Rob (2010). What Would Rob Do? John Wiley and Sons. pp. 38–39.
^ Jump up to: a b Mann, Brent (2005). Blinded by the Lyrics. Citadel Press. p. 39.
Jump up ^ Riley, Tim (1999). Hard Rain. Da Capo Press. p. 210.
Jump up ^ Digital Audio and Compact Disc Review (1985). WGE Pub. p. 44.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Strong, Martin Charles (2003). The Great Indie Discography. Canongate U.S.
Jump up ^ "Spot the Difference – Squeeze". AllMusic. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Ankeny, Jason. "Glenn Tilbrook". MTV. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
Jump up ^ The Rough Guide to Rock (2003). Rough Guides. p. 999.
Jump up ^ Borack, John M. (2007). Shake Some Action. PowerPop. p. 81.
Jump up ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Argybargy – Squeeze". AllMusic. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Pareles, Jon. "Rock: Squeeze, At Garden". The New York Times. 17 November 1987. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b "Chart Stats – Squeeze – Pulling Mussels". chartstats.com. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Squeeze". AllMusic. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Augusto, Troy J. "Squeeze". Variety. 1 December 1993. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Damas, Jason. "Glenn Tilbrook". PopMatters. 15 November 2001. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Larsen, Peter. "Squeeze still a sharp blast from the past in L.A.". ocregister.com. 29 July 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
Jump up ^ Perry, Andrew. "Squeeze, Hard Rock Café, London, review". The Daily Telegraph. 21 October 2010. Retrieved 13 November 2011.
[hide]
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Squeeze
Chris Difford
Glenn Tilbrook
Stephen Large
Simon Hanson
Steve Smith
Yolanda Charles
Paul Gunn
Harry Kakoulli
Jools Holland
Gilson Lavis
John Bentley
Paul Carrack
Don Snow
Christopher Holland
Keith Wilkinson
Andy Metcalfe
Matt Irving
Pete Thomas
Kevin Wilkinson
Ash Soan
Hilaire Penda
Steve Nieve
Nick Harper
Lucy Shaw
Management &
producers
Miles Copeland III
John Cale
John Wood
Roger Bechirian
Elvis Costello
Dave Edmunds
Nick Lowe
Phil McDonald
Alan Tarney
Laurie Latham
Eric "ET" Thorngren
Pete Hammond
Steve Forward
Tony Berg
Peter Smith
Andrew J. Jones
Studio albums
Squeeze
Cool for Cats
Argybargy
East Side Story
Sweets from a Stranger
Cosi Fan Tutti Frutti
Babylon and On
Frank
Play
Some Fantastic Place
Ridiculous
Domino
Spot the Difference
Cradle to the Grave
The Knowledge
EPs
Packet of Three
Compilations
Singles – 45's and Under
Singles
"Take Me I'm Yours"
"Bang Bang"
"Goodbye Girl"
"Cool for Cats"
"Up the Junction"
"Slap and Tickle"
"Christmas Day"
"Another Nail in My Heart"
"If I Didn't Love You"
"Pulling Mussels (from the Shell)"
"Farfisa Beat"
"Is That Love"
"Tempted"
"Labelled with Love"
"Messed Around"
"Black Coffee in Bed"
"When the Hangover Strikes"
"I've Returned"
"Annie Get Your Gun"
"Last Time Forever"
"No Place Like Home"
"Hits of the Year"
"Heartbreaking World"
"King George Street"
"Hourglass"
"Trust Me to Open My Mouth"
"The Waiting Game"
"853-5937"
"Footprints"
"If It's Love"
"Love Circles"
"Sunday Street"
"Satisfied"
"Crying in My Sleep"
"Third Rail"
"Everything in the World"
"Some Fantastic Place"
"Loving You Tonight"
"It's Over"
"This Summer"
"Electric Trains"
"Heaven Knows"
"This Summer (Remix)"
"Down in the Valley"
"Happy Days"
"Cradle to the Grave"
"Innocence in Paradise"
Other songs
"I Think I'm Go Go"
"In Quintessence"
"The Elephant Ride"
Related articles
Discography
Difford & Tilbrook (album)
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text:
Gang Beasts
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Gang Beasts
Storefront logo of Gang Beasts
Developer(s)
Boneloaf
Publisher(s)
Double Fine Presents
Engine
Unity
Platform(s)
Microsoft Windows
OS X
Linux
PlayStation 4
Release
Microsoft Windows, OS X, Linux
WW: TBA
PlayStation 4
WW: 2017
Genre(s)
Beat 'em up, party
Mode(s)
Single-player, multiplayer
Gang Beasts is an upcoming multiplayer beat 'em up party video game developed by Boneloaf and published by Double Fine Presents.[1] The game released on Steam Early Access for Microsoft Windows, OS X, and Linux on 29 August 2014. The game is expected to release on the PlayStation 4 and PlayStation VR during 2017.[2]
The game has been tested and reviewed on the Oculus Rift platform.[3]
News regarding the game making an appearance on the Xbox One seems unhopeful due to Microsoft’s parity clause, which states that games must be released on the same day as rival consoles. Thus, this has created complications and the developers of the game are considering to not launch the game on the Xbox One, as of right now.[4]
Only rumors have surfaced in regards to a possible Nintendo Switch release. One of the developers, however, has made a comment stating that they have discussed and entertained the possibility of development for the console.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Gameplay
2 Reception
3 References
4 External links
Gameplay[edit]
Gang Beasts is a multiplayer party game with gelatinous characters, melee fight sequences, and hazardous environments, set in the fictional metropolis of Beef City. At initial release it contained 8 multiplayer stages. The core gameplay involves using various physical abilities such as punching or kicking an opponent until they are "knocked out", and then attempting to toss them over one of the stage hazards. Opponents that have been knocked down are not completely defenseless however, as they can fight back to be released.[6]
Reception[edit]
This section needs expansion with: specific snippets from the sources and separate each source per WP:OVERCITE. You can help by adding to it. (August 2017)
Already in its freeware alpha state, as well as upon Steam Early Access release, the game was met with positive response from critics and fans.[7][8][9][10][11][12]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Rice, Greg (18 August 2014). "Double Fine Presents: Gang Beasts". Double Fine Productions. Retrieved 27 December 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gang Beasts FAQ". Gang Beasts. Retrieved 23 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Durbin, J. (2016). ‘Gang Beasts VR’ Review: Welcome To The Jello-Dome. Upload. Retrieved from https://uploadvr.com/gang-beasts-vr-review-welcome-jello-dome/
Jump up ^ Patrick, D. (2017). Boneloaf Explains Why Gang Beasts May Not Launch For Xbox One. Gameranx. Retrieved from http://gameranx.com/updates/id/105447/article/boneloaf-explains-why-gang-beasts-may-not-launch-for-xbox-one/
Jump up ^ Nintenmau5. (2017). Gang Beasts Could Be Making Its Way To Nintendo Switch. My Nintendo News. Retrieved from https://mynintendonews.com/2017/05/04/gang-beasts-could-be-making-its-way-to-nintendo-switch/
Jump up ^ Smith, Graham. "Gang Beasts Grapples With Online Multiplayer Beta". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Retrieved 1 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Bramwell, Tom (10 September 2014). "Gang Beasts Early Access review". Eurogamer. Gamer Network. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Smith, Adam (4 April 2014). "Hands On: Gang Beasts". Rock, Paper, Shotgun. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Labbe, Mark (31 August 2015). "PAX Prime 2015: Gang Beasts Hands-On Preview – Goofy Brawler". PlayStation LifeStyle. CraveOnline. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Stuart, Keith (21 July 2014). "Gang Beasts – probably the funniest fighting game ever made". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Conditt, Jessica (19 August 2014). "Burn, crush your jelly pals in Gang Beasts from Double Fine". Engadget. AOL Tech. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Hansen, Steve (2 September 2014). "Gang Beasts out on Steam, fight your friends like a drunk on skates". Destructoid. ModernMethod. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
External links[edit]
Official website
[hide]
v
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Double Fine Productions
Games developed
Psychonauts (2005)
Brütal Legend (2009)
Costume Quest (2010)
Stacking (2011)
Iron Brigade (2011)
Sesame Street: Once Upon a Monster (2011)
Double Fine Happy Action Theater (2012)
Amnesia Fortnight 2012 (2012)
Kinect Party (2012)
The Cave (2013)
Dropchord (2013)
Broken Age (2014)
Amnesia Fortnight 2014 (2014)
Hack 'n' Slash (2014)
Costume Quest 2 (2014)
Spacebase DF-9 (2014)
Massive Chalice (2015)
Headlander (2016)
Psychonauts in the Rhombus of Ruin (2017)
Psychonauts 2 (2018)
Remasters
Grim Fandango Remastered (2015)
Day of the Tentacle Remastered (2016)
Full Throttle Remastered (2017)
Free and freemium
Epic Saga: Extreme Fighter (2007)
My Game About Me: Olympic Challenge (2008)
Tasha's Game (2008)
Host Master and the Conquest of Humor (2009)
Middle Manager of Justice (2012)
Host Master Deux: Quest for Identity (2013)
Autonomous (2013)
The Playroom: My Alien Buddy (2013)
Games published
Mountain (2014)
Escape Goat 2 (2014)
Gang Beasts (2016)
GNOG (2016)
Last Life (2016)
Related
Tim Schafer
2 Player Productions

This beat 'em up video game article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
v
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gang_Beasts&oldid=797718242"
Categories:
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This page was last edited on 28 August 2017, at 19:56.
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text:
Suite: Judy Blue Eyes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes"
Single by Crosby, Stills & Nash
from the album Crosby, Stills & Nash
B-side
"Long Time Gone"
Released
September 1969
Format
7" 45 RPM
Genre
Folk rock, soft rock
Length
7:28 (album version)
4:35 (single edit)
Label
Atlantic
Songwriter(s)
Stephen Stills
Producer(s)
David Crosby
Graham Nash
Stephen Stills
Crosby, Stills & Nash singles chronology
"Marrakesh Express"
(1969) "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes"
(1969) "Woodstock"
(1970)
"Marrakesh Express"
(1969) "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes"
(1969) "Woodstock"
(1970)
"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" is a suite of short songs written by Stephen Stills and performed by Crosby, Stills & Nash (CSN). It appeared on the group's self-titled debut album in 1969 and was released as a single, hitting #21 on the Billboard Hot 100 pop singles chart. The song is ranked #418[1] on Rolling Stone′s list of the 500 Greatest Songs of All Time. In Canada, "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" peaked at number 11.[2]
The title is a play on words for "Sweet Judy Blue Eyes". The song is a suite in the classical sense (i.e., an ordered set of musical pieces).
The recording features an acoustic guitar tuned to EEEEBE ("Bruce Palmer Modal Tuning"[3]) vs. the standard EADGBE tuning.[4][5] This style of tuning would later be used for the Déjà Vu songs "4+20" and "Carry On".
CSN performed "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" at the Woodstock and Live Aid festivals, and their performance at the former is featured in the film Woodstock (1970).
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Charts
3 Sections
3.1 First section
3.2 Second section
3.3 Third section
3.4 Final section
4 Structural Analysis
5 References
History[edit]
The title "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" refers to Stephen Stills' former girlfriend, singer/songwriter Judy Collins, and the lyrics to most of the suite's sections consist of his thoughts about her and their imminent breakup. Collins is known for her piercing blue eyes. During a July 15, 2007 interview for the National Public Radio program Just Roll Tape, Stills revealed that Collins was present in the studio when the demo tapes were recorded. Collins had advised Stills "not to stay [at the studio] all night." Stills later commented that "the breakup was imminent...we were both too large for one house." Stills said that he liked parts of this demo version of "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" better than the released version.
Collins and Stills had met in 1967 and dated for two years. In 1969, she was appearing in the New York Shakespeare Festival musical production of Peer Gynt and had fallen in love with her co-star Stacy Keach, eventually leaving Stills for him. Stills was devastated by the possible breakup and wrote the song as a response to his sadness. In a 2000 interview, Collins gave her impressions of when she first heard the song:
"[Stephen] came to where I was singing one night on the West Coast and brought his guitar to the hotel and he sang me "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes," the whole song. And of course it has lines in it that referred to my therapy. And so he wove that all together in this magnificent creation. So the legacy of our relationship is certainly in that song."
The final section of the song is included on 4 Way Street, the CSNY live album. It fades in on the opening of side one of the album.
Charts[edit]
Chart (1970–71)
Peak
position
Canada 100 (RPM)[2]
11
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[6]
30
US Hot 100 (Billboard)[7]
21
US Cash Box Top 100[8]
15
Sections[edit]
"Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" has four distinct sections. The timings below are for the full album version. The shortened version released as a single cut the second and fourth verses from the first section, cut the third and fourth verses from the second section, cut the final verse and preceding break from the third section, and shortened the guitar break between the second and the third sections. (The final section is the only part that stayed fully intact on the single.)
First section[edit]
The first section is a traditional pop song with four verses, featuring a chorus of "I am yours, you are mine, you are what you are." Running at approximately 2:56, the lead vocal is performed by Stills, with Crosby and Nash providing harmonies.
Second section[edit]
The second section is performed in half time relative to the first section, and features four verses of three-part harmony from the band, with Stills performing a brief vocal solo between the second and third. This section runs from 2:56 to 4:43.
Third section[edit]
The third section is more upbeat and features poetic lyrics ("chestnut brown canary, ruby-throated sparrow"), lasting from 4:43 to 6:25. Each of the three phrases is initially sung by Stills, with Nash then joining, and finally Crosby rounding out the harmonies. Connecting the phrases are instrumental breaks performed by Stills on acoustic guitar.
Final section[edit]
The final section (the coda) is sung in Spanish, starting at 6:34 until the song concludes. The "doo-doo-doo-da-doo" backing vocals are the best known segment of "Suite: Judy Blue Eyes", with Stills singing Spanish lyrics in the background. Stills has said that he intentionally made the final stanzas unexpected and difficult, even using a foreign language for the lyrics, "just to make sure nobody would understand it" (not even Spanish speaking people).[9]
The final section has been parodied many times, notably in Frank Zappa's compositions "Billy the Mountain" and "Magdalena" on The Mothers of Invention's album Just Another Band From L.A. Most recently, "Weird Al" Yankovic performs a takeoff of it ("Mission Statement") on his 2014 album Mandatory Fun, only instead of Spanish, the lyrics are corporate buzzwords strung together in such a way as to be ultimately nonsensical. It is also sampled in the 2010 Cypress Hill song "Armada Latina".
Structural Analysis[edit]
Section
Phrasing & Subphrasing By Bar
TEMPO 1
Intro 4 [2+1+1]
3 [2+1]
Verse 1 8 [5+3]
8 [5+3]
Chorus 6 [4+2]
Verse 2 8 [5+3]
8 [5+3]
Chorus 6 [4+2] (2 bar overlap)
Intro 8 [2+1+1+2+2]
Verse 3 8 [5+3]
8 [5+3]
Chorus 6 [4+2]
Verse 4 8 [5+3]
8 [5+3]
Chorus 4
Chorus+ 8 [2+2+2+2]
1/2 FEEL
Vamp 4 [2+2]
Verse 5 14 [4+6+4]
Verse 6 14 [4+6+4]
Break 12 [2+2+4+4]
Verse 7 14 [4+6+4]
Verse 8 14 [4+6+4]
TEMPO 1
Solo 18 [16+2]
Verse 9 9 [4+5] (2+2+1+1+3)
Solo 9 [4+4+1]
Verse 10 9 [4+5]
Solo 9 [4+4+1]
Verse 11 9 [4+5]
Break 8 [2+2+1+1+2]
Coda 4 [2+2] (1+1+1+1) [vamp out]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Rolling Stone12/09/2004
^ Jump up to: a b "RPM Top Singles Chart" (PDF). RPM. RPM archives. Ottawa: Library and Archives Canada. November 29, 1969. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Classic Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young: Selections from Déjà Vu and Crosby Stills & Nash [Authentic Guitar-Tab Edition] © 1993 Warner Bros. Music
Jump up ^ "Classic Crosby, Stills, Nash & Young: Selections from Déjà Vu and Crosby Stills & Nash [Authentic Guitar-Tab Edition] © 1993 Warner Bros. Music
Jump up ^ "Alternate Guitar Tuning".
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Crosby, Stills & Nash – Suite: Judy Blue Eyes" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved September 3, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Crosby, Stills & Nash Chart History". Billboard. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Cash Box Top 100 Singles, November 29, 1969
Jump up ^ Cavallo, Dominick. A Fiction of the Past: The Sixties in American History. St. Martin's Press (1999), p. 172. ISBN 0-312-21930-X.
[hide]
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Related bands
The Byrds
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CPR
Crosby & Nash
The Stills-Young Band
Manassas
Crazy Horse
Related people
Joni Mitchell
Judy Collins
Chris Hillman
Cass Elliot
Timothy B. Schmit
Greg Reeves
Dallas Taylor
Other related articles
Discography
CSNY/Déjà Vu
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Glacial Lake Iroquois
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This map shows the valley of the Mohawk River, through which Glacial Lake Iroquois crossed the mountains to the Hudson River Valley.
Stages of great lake development.
Glacial Lake Iroquois was a prehistoric proglacial lake that existed at the end of the last ice age approximately 13,000 years ago.[1] The lake was essentially an enlargement of the present Lake Ontario that formed because the St. Lawrence River downstream from the lake was blocked by the ice sheet near the present Thousand Islands. The level of the lake was approximately 30 m (~100 ft) above the present level of Lake Ontario.[2]
The lake drained to the southeast, through a channel passing near present day Rome, New York. The Rome Sand Plains has several sand ridges that geologists think were formed at this time. The channel then followed the valley of the Mohawk River to the Hudson River.[2]
The lake was fed by Early Lake Erie, as well as Glacial Lake Algonquin, an early partial manifestation of Lake Huron, that drained directly to Lake Iroquois across southern Ontario, along the southern edge of the ice sheet, bypassing Early Lake Erie.
The subsequent melting of the ice dam resulted in a sudden lowering of the lake to its present level, a potential trigger for the Younger Dryas episode.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Remnant shorelines
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Remnant shorelines[edit]
Two ancient shorelines in the Toronto area mark the existence of former glacial lakes. About 2 km inland from the shore a ridge known as the Iroquois Shoreline can be discerned. The old shoreline runs west-east running roughly parallel to Davenport Road just south of St. Clair Avenue West. Further east, the Scarborough Bluffs also formed part of the shoreline of the ancient lake.[4]
Another ancient shoreline exists between 2–4 km offshore of Toronto. It is known as the Toronto Scarp and formed the shore of Glacial Lake Warren or Admiralty Lake. From Bluffer's Park in Scarborough to just west of Hanlan's Point is an underwater bluff.[5]
In New York, Ridge Road and New York State Route 104 run from west to east along a ridge of the old shoreline of Lake Iroquois.[6]
See also[edit]
List of prehistoric lakes
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Richard Foster Flint (2008). Glacial Geology and the Pleistocene Epoch. ISBN 978-1-4437-2173-8.
^ Jump up to: a b Larson, Grahame; Schaetzl, Randall (2001). "Review: Origin and Evolution of the Great Lakes" (PDF). J. Great Lakes Res. 27 (4): 518–546. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2008-10-31. The work of Anderson and Lewis (1985) is the basis for these authors' views on the history of the postglacial water levels.
Jump up ^ Donnelly, Jeffrey P.; Neal W. Driscoll; Elazar Uchupi; Lloyd D. Keigwin; William C. Schwab; E. Robert Thieler; Stephen A. Swift (February 2005). "Catastrophic meltwater discharge down the Hudson Valley: A potential trigger for the Intra-Allerød cold period". Geology. 33 (2): 89–92. doi:10.1130/G21043.1.
Jump up ^ Eyles, N. Ontario Rocks: Three Billion Years of Environmental Change. Fitzhenry & Whiteside, Markham, Ontario. 339 p. Chapter 17.
Jump up ^ "Nearshore Geology". City of Toronto TRC. n.d. Archived from the original on 27 January 2012. Retrieved 26 December 2009.
Jump up ^ Tesmer, Irving H.; Bastedo, Jered C. (1981). Colossal cataract: the geologic history of Niagara Falls. p. 48. ISBN 978-0-87395-522-5. Retrieved 2 February 2010.
External links[edit]
History of Lake Iroquois
Lake Iroquois and its shore cliff, showing map of the lake
Deglaciation of the Central St. Lawrence Lowland
[hide]
v
t
e
Pleistocene proglacial lakes and related seas
Africa
Lake Makgadikgadi
Asia
West Siberian Glacial Lake
Europe
Ancylus Lake
Baltic Ice Lake
Lake Harrison
Lake Komi
Lake Lapworth
Lake Pickering
Littorina Sea
Mastogloia Sea
Yoldia Sea
North America
Nelson River drainage
Proglacial lakes of Minnesota
Lake Agassiz
Lake Bassano
Lake Souris
James Bay drainage
Lake Ojibway
Tyrrell Sea
Great Lakes
Lake Admiralty
Lake Algonquin (Multiple basins)
Lake Arkona
Lake Chicago
Lake Chippewa
Lake Duluth
Early Lake Erie
Lake Frontenac
Lake Houghton (glacial)
Glacial Lake Iroquois
Lake Lundy and Dana
Mackinac Falls
Lake Maumee
Lake Minong
Nipissing Great Lakes (Multiple basins)
Early Lake Ontario
Lake Saginaw
Lake Stanley
Lake Tonawanda
Lake Warren
Lake Wayne
Lake Whittlesey
Champlain Sea
Columbia River system
Lake Bonneville
Glacial Lake Columbia
Lake Lahontan
Lake Missoula
Puget Sound system
Glacial Lake Russell
Glacial Lake Hood
Lake Nisqually
Lake Puyallup
Glacial Lake Sammamish
Lake Skokomish
Upper Missouri River
Lake Circle
Lake Cut Bank
Lake Glendive
Lake Great Falls
Lake Jordan (Montana)
Lake Musselshell
Upper Mississippi drainage
Lake Kankakee
Kankakee Outwash Plain
Lake Wisconsin
Ohio drainage
Lake Monongahela
Lake Tight
Teays River
Hudson valley
Lake Albany
Lake Passaic
New England
Lake Cape Cod
Lake Connecticut
Lake Hitchcock
Lake Merrimack
Lake Nantucket Sound
Lake Stowe
California
Lake Cahuilla
Lake Corcoran
Lake Harper
Lake Manix
Lake Manly
Lake Mojave
Lake Russell
New Mexico
Lake Palomas
Alaska
Lake Atna
South America
Lake Ballivián
Cabana
Lake Escara
Inca Huasi
Mataro
Lake Minchin
Ouki
Sajsi
Salinas
Lake Tauca
Summary
List of prehistoric lakes
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Glacial_Lake_Iroquois&oldid=805874686"
Categories:
Natural history of Ontario
Proglacial lakes
Glacial lakes of the United States
Glacial lakes of Canada
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Subaru Baja
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Subaru Baja
Overview
Manufacturer
Subaru-Isuzu Automotive, Inc.
Production
July 2002 – April 2006
Model years
2003–2006
Assembly
United States: Lafayette, Indiana
Body and chassis
Class
Compact utility/pickup truck
Body style
4-door utility
Layout
Front-engine, four-wheel-drive
Related
Subaru Legacy/Outback
Powertrain
Engine
2.5 L EJ251 H4 (2003–2005)
2.5 L EJ253 H4 (2005–2006)
2.5 L EJ255 H4 turbo
Transmission
4-speed automatic
5-speed manual
Dimensions
Wheelbase
2,649 mm (104.3 in)
Length
4,905 mm (193.1 in)
Width
1,781 mm (70.1 in)
Height
2003–04: 1,631 mm (64.2 in)
2005–06: 1,654 mm (65.1 in)
Chronology
Predecessor
Subaru BRAT
The Subaru Baja is an all-wheel-drive, four passenger, four-door, open-bed pickup truck manufactured from 2002 to 2006 by Subaru and marketed for model years 2003 to 2006. The Baja combines the handling and passenger carrying characteristics of a traditional passenger car with the open-bed versatility, and to a lesser degree, load capacity of a pickup truck.
The unibody design borrowed heavily from the existing mechanicals, platform and sheet metal of the Subaru Legacy/Outback wagon.[1] Production began on July 18, 2002[2] as a 2003 model at the Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. factory in Lafayette, Indiana.
The Baja nameplate derives from Mexico's noted peninsula of the same name — home to the Baja 1000 off-road race.
Contents
[hide]
1 Design and engineering
2 Market and sales
3 Model year changes
4 See also
5 References
Design and engineering[edit]
Subaru Baja, original concept rendering. See also: Subaru ST-X, concept vehicle
Baja 1000 Rally Truck
Working with technical support from Subaru Japan, a team led by Peter Tenn,[3] Subaru senior designer, penned the Baja in the United States. According to an August, 2002 interview[3] with Tenn, "the Baja's jarring look is homage to rally-race trucks. It's supposed to look funky, look different. It doesn't fit any category, and we knew that going in. It's not like anything else on the road. And that's important to a lot of people."
The Baja followed closely Subaru's ST-X (Sport Truck X-perimental) concept vehicle presented at the 2000 Los Angeles International Auto Show[4] and also designed by a special Subaru America design team. The ST-X offered a greater complement of features than the production Baja (power rear window, under floor storage compartment, tailgate cup holders), but nevertheless set the production groundwork for an Outback-based, four-door, car-truck hybrid.
In a package 150 mm (6 in) longer than an Outback,[1] the Baja featured a four-door passenger compartment along with a 1,040 mm (41 in) open bed and drop-down tailgate. A system marketed as the "Switchback"[5] allowed the rear passenger seat to fold down and a small hatch from the open bed to fold inward, allowing an extended length of 1,900 mm (75 in) to the end of the open tailgate. A light in the instrument cluster signaled an "open" status for the Switchback. The design featured two stainless steel exposed buttresses[1] behind the passenger compartment, marketed as Sports Bars, providing structural reinforcement for the open bed.
Feature details included tinted rear door windows and rear window; an integrated bed liner; a dual-illumination bed light; four bed tie-down hooks; molded-in recesses to receive standard 2x4's to enable customized (e.g., bi-level) storage; standard roof rails with cross bars; a tow rating of 2,400 lb (1,089 kg), a rear seat center position rigid hinged storage compartment with integral twin cupholders, rear-seat power supply, rear-seat center storage net, map-pockets at rear of each front seat; an under-bed mounted spare tire, operable via a cable winch accessible from an access panel in the bed itself and a fold-up license plate holder with a mechanism allowing the plate to lock perpendicular to the tailgate, such that with the tailgate lowered, the plate remained visible – mimicking the tailgate and license plate arrangement on older station wagon / estates with biparting tailgates, e.g., the Volvo Amazon.
Market and sales[edit]
Subaru marketed the Baja in the United States, Canada, South Africa, and Chile. In the United States and Canada, Subaru marketed the Baja as a "multiple-choice vehicle." Limited advertising, late arrival of the turbo-charged model, heavily styled lower-body plastic cladding and a yellow-and-silver introductory color scheme discouraged broad appeal. James Healey, writing for USAtoday at the time of the Baja's introduction called it a "controversial fashion statement with limited utility".[3]
The Baja received the 2003 and 2004 J.D. Powers's APEAL (for Automotive Performance, Execution and Layout Study) Award—measuring owner delight with the design, content, layout and performance of their new vehicles for "Most Appealing Compact Pickup" and the Consumer Reports 2006 highest score for reliability in the pickup truck category.[6]
With Subaru projecting to sell 24,000 per year,[7][8] 30,000 were marketed over four and a half years.
In 2007, Subaru of America reached agreement with Toyota Motor Corporation allowing Subaru Indiana to manufacture Camrys to meet Toyota's excess demand[9] — and enabling Subaru to re-assign the Baja production line and maximize plant utilization.
Subaru discontinued Baja production in April 2006. Subaru stock-piled an inventory of 2006 models before discontinuing production, allowing dealers to continue to sell 2006 models as late as February 2008.[10] The Baja was removed from the Subaru USA website on July 31, 2007, following its removal from the Subaru Chile website in April 2007.
Model year changes[edit]
Subaru Baja
2003: the initial model featured leather seats, power driver's seat, and sunroof. A lower priced "Sport" model, equipped with cloth interior and manually-adjustable seats followed later in the production year, also without color-keyed exterior door handles and mirrors, four-beam headlamps, leather shift and steering wheel, front door puddle lights or an illuminated ignition key ring.
2004: introduced a new 2.5-liter turbocharged model producing 160 kW (210 hp). This model featured standard manual or optional automatic transmission with Sportshift, a large hood scoop and color-matched exterior door handles and side mirrors. All models received increased ground clearance to 210 mm (8.4 in).
2005: all models were given a further increase in ride height, a power outlet in the center console, rear seat back net pocket, and turbocharged models with leather offered a new tonneau bed cover.
2006: the turbocharged variant received an optional package that included leather trimmed upholstery, heated seats, special alloy wheels, a hard bed cover, and the sport-mode automatic transmission. All models received an enhanced security system.
See also[edit]
Subaru Brat
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Subaru Baja.
^ Jump up to: a b c "First Drive: 2003 Subaru Baja". PickupTruck.com. August 9, 2002.
Jump up ^ "Subaru of Indiana History". Subaru.com.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Subaru makes another bold move with Baja". USAtoday, James R. Healey. August 19, 2002. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Subaru Subaru ST-X Sport Utility Pickup Concept". Pickuptruck.com.
Jump up ^ "One More Time". Ward's AutoWorld, Sep 1, 2002. Archived from the original on February 27, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Subaru makes another bold move with Baja". CNNmoney.com. Retrieved May 24, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Subaru confirms production of new crossover vehicle: ST-X By Michael Binstock". Ward's AutoWorld, September 1, 2002. Archived from the original on December 5, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Subaru confirms production of new crossover vehicle: ST-X". The Acorn, February 1, 2001, Michael Binstock. Archived from the original on December 5, 2008.
Jump up ^ Fuji Heavy Industries Starts Producing Toyota Camry in U.S. Fuji Heavy Industries Ltd. Press Release April 21, 2007
Jump up ^ Subaru of America, Inc. Announces Increase in Sales. Press Release, Subaru of America, Inc., March 3, 2009.
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Subcompact Justy (KA)
Impreza I GC/GF/GM Impreza II GD/GG
Compact Leone/Loyale (AC/AG/AN) Impreza III GE/GH/GR Impreza IV GJ/GP Impreza V
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