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Suits (season 8)
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Suits (season 8)
Starring
Gabriel Macht
Rick Hoffman
Sarah Rafferty
Amanda Schull
Dulé Hill
Katherine Heigl
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
6
Release
Original network
USA Network
Original release
July 18, 2018 (2018-07-18) – present (present)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 7
List of Suits episodes
The eighth season of the American legal drama Suits was ordered on January 30, 2018,[1] and began airing on USA Network in the United States July 18, 2018.[2]
The season is the first in the show's history to see extensive cast changes with the departures of Patrick J. Adams and Meghan Markle at the conclusion of the last season.[1][3] Following their departures, three actors have been promoted to series regulars: previously recurring guest star Amanda Schull as Katrina Bennett,[4] recurring special guest star Dulé Hill as Alex Williams,[1] and Katherine Heigl as Samantha Wheeler, who is introduced in the season premiere.[2]
Contents
1 Cast
1.1 Regular cast
1.2 Recurring cast
2 Episodes
3 Production
3.1 Development
4 Ratings
5 References
6 External links
Cast[edit]
Main article: List of Suits characters
Regular cast[edit]
Gabriel Macht as Harvey Specter
Rick Hoffman as Louis Litt
Sarah Rafferty as Donna Paulsen
Amanda Schull as Katrina Bennett
Dulé Hill as Alex Williams
Katherine Heigl as Samantha Wheeler
Recurring cast[edit]
Wendell Pierce as Robert Zane[5]
Rachael Harris as Sheila Sazs[5]
Aloma Wright as Gretchen Bodinski[5]
Ray Proscia as Dr. Stan Lipschitz[5]
Jake Epstein as Brian Altman[5]
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of Suits episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title [6]
Directed by
Written by
Original air date [7]
U.S. viewers
(millions)
109
1 "Right-Hand Man" Christopher Misiano Aaron Korsh July 18, 2018 (2018-07-18) 1.27[8]
The newly merged firm has a conflict of interest between two clients, which Harvey and Robert use as a competition to decide which one of them becomes managing partner. Harvey and Robert acquire the help of their right-hand men Alex and Samantha, respectively, to convince one of the clients to drop the overlapping division that cause the conflict. Both Alex and Samantha are invested in order to solidify their claim to become the next name partner, which introduces Specter Litt's lawyers to Samantha's tactics. Donna helps Harvey see that he's tired of the view on top of the mountain, making him concede to Robert. Katrina asks to be tasked with firing the least efficient associates, but it gets complicated when Louis's favorite associate Brian ends up at the bottom of the list.
110
2 "Pecking Order" Michael Smith Genevieve Sparling July 25, 2018 (2018-07-25) 1.18[9]
An old friend of Mike's comes knocking for help when 50 million dollars for a new business venture goes missing, meaning he might be accused of embezzlement. Harvey suspects that his business partner made the money disappear, but Robert fears he's too trusting of Mike's friend and secretly puts Samantha on the case as well. While the two lawyers bicker over the right strategy to find the guilty party, Donna enlists the help of Gretchen to find out who exactly Samantha is and whose team she's playing for. Sheila urges Louis to fight for managing partner, which brings to light Louis's concerns about their relationship dynamics. Meanwhile, Alex sets out to prove his worth for name partner by attempting to poach Gavin Andrews, one of Robert's former important clients from Rand Kaldor.
111
3 "Promises, Promises" Roger Kumble Rob LaMorgese & Marshall Knight August 1, 2018 (2018-08-01) 1.16[10]
Harvey finds out that the firm's cleaning lady does not receive the payments for her overtime, which she need for her mother's medical costs, because of a manager title given to her by Gabriel Fox, the firm's landlord. While the other name partners and Donna tell him not to, he starts a fight with Fox. Alex is successful in signing Gavin Andrews but he is immediately tasked with carrying out a plan set up by Gavin to launder money. Alex pleads with Samantha to help him find a way out without firing him as a client, which would backfire on the new firm's reputation. Later, Samantha informs him that Robert promised her name partner. Meanwhile, Katrina is given the chance to prove her worth for senior partner by showcasing leadership over Brian, but Brian has to step up when stress-induced migraines take her out of the game.
112
4 "Revenue Per Square Foot" Michael Smith Ethan Drogin August 8, 2018 (2018-08-08) 1.09[11]
Louis and Sheila are trying to conceive. While on his way to dinner with a client and Robert, Louis is mugged. His pride prevents him from telling Robert what truly happened. Robert then assigns Louis' client to Samantha as a punishment, but the two end up working the case together. Samantha notices he's behaving oddly and informs Harvey of this, leading to Harvey providing a safe place for Louis to come clean, even though Samantha ends up the most valuable support of all by teaching Louis self-defense. Harvey helps Alex sign a new client to improve his standing with Robert, who doesn't like the way they pulled it off and demands that Alex either drop the client or forget about making name partner. Donna helps Robert see that his micro-managing caused his previous partners to stab him in the back, suggesting he do things differently this time around.
113
5 "Good Mudding" Valerie Weiss Sharyn Rothstein August 15, 2018 (2018-08-15) 1.15[12]
Alex's daughter Joy is suspended from school and she spends the day at the office. Since she's acting out, Alex asks Samantha to keep an eye on her as she's the cool one from Joy's perspective. After they bond over similar experiences, Samantha ends up using Joy for her deposition, which rubs Alex the wrong way. Following a confrontation, Samantha realizes what she did was wrong and tells Joy that her father is the cool one. Later, Alex informs Samantha about Harvey's promise to him and they openly declare a competition for name partner. Harvey leaves to represent his brother when his sister-in-law files for divorce, which becomes a painful reminder of his family's secretive behaviors. Meanwhile, after Sheila asks him to get a fertility check-up, Louis is told to forego mudding to increase the chances of conceiving.
114
6 "Cats, Ballet, Harvey Specter" Emile Levisetti Garrett Schabb August 22, 2018 (2018-08-22) 1.22[13]
After hearing that his brother's divorce is still happening, Harvey lashes out at Louis when he asks Harvey to fill in for him at a meeting so he can spend the afternoon with Sheila. Louis then decides it's time for the two of them to work on their relationship. After a shared session with Lipschitz goes wrong, Harvey goes to therapy by himself and comes to realize he's afraid that Louis will leave him once he has a baby, like Jessica, Mike, Rachel, and his sister-in-law have left him. Alex recommends Samantha for a pro bono case that Donna holds close to her heart because her best friend's charity is involved. The fragile friendship between Samantha and Donna is threatened when the former suspects something shady is going on and acts on her instincts behind Donna's back. Katrina learns the value of friendship when Brian assists her on the case that will determine her future as senior partner.
115
7 "Sour Grapes" Gabriel Macht[14] TBA August 29, 2018 (2018-08-29) TBD
116
8 "Coral Gables" TBA TBA September 5, 2018 (2018-09-05) TBD
117
9 TBA Christopher Misiano[15] TBA September 12, 2018 (2018-09-12) TBD
118
10 TBA TBA TBA September 19, 2018 (2018-09-19) TBD
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
On May 25, 2018, Entertainment Weekly released an interview with Katherine Heigl in which she described her character Samantha Wheeler as a "fierce and enigmatic lawyer who muscles her way into [the] central law firm, Zane Specter Litt." She also teased an antagonistic relationship between Samantha and the main protagonist Harvey Specter and an "uneasy dynamic" with Donna. The article included several exclusive first-look images from the season premiere and Heigl's character.[2]
Series creator Aaron Korsh confirmed that Patrick J. Adams won't be returning for any guest appearances in the first ten episodes of the season. However, he did state that he and Adams had discussed it and are both open to the possibility somewhere in the future. At the same time, he confirmed that Gina Torres won't guest star on the eighth season nor will be there be crossover episodes in order to establish the world from the Chicago-based spin-off series Second City as separate from Suits itself.[5]
Ratings[edit]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Right-Hand Man" July 18, 2018 0.3 1.27[8] 0.3 1.23 0.6 2.50[16]
2 "Pecking Order" July 25, 2018 0.2 1.18[9] 0.3 1.21 0.5 2.39[17]
3 "Promises, Promises" August 1, 2018 0.2 1.16[10] TBD TBD TBD TBD
4 "Revenue Per Square Foot" August 8, 2018 0.3 1.09[11] TBD TBD TBD TBD
5 "Good Mudding" August 15, 2018 0.3 1.15[12] TBD TBD TBD TBD
6 "Cats, Ballet, Harvey Specter" August 22, 2018 0.3 1.22[13] TBD TBD TBD TBD
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Goldberg, Lesley (January 30, 2018). "'Suits' Renewed for Season 8 as Patrick J. Adams Officially Exits". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved January 30, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c Agard, Chancellor (May 25, 2018). "Suits: Katherine Heigl previews her antagonistic season 8 role". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Agard, Chancellor (November 28, 2017). "Meghan Markle is officially leaving Suits after season 7". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved November 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ Andreeva, Nellie (March 21, 2018). "'Suits': Amanda Schull Promoted To Series Regular For Season 8 Of USA Drama". Deadline. Retrieved March 23, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Andreeva, Nellie (April 25, 2018). "'Suits' Finale: Series Creator On Patrick J. Adams & Meghan Markle's Exits, New Twist, Season 8 & Spinoff Details". Deadline. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Suits: Episode Guide". Zap2it.com.
Jump up ^ "Shows A-Z - suits on usa". TheFutonCritic.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (July 19, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.18.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved July 19, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (July 26, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.25.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved July 26, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (August 2, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.1.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (August 9, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.8.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved August 9, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (August 16, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.15.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved August 16, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b Metcalf, Mitch (August 23, 2018). "Updated: ShowBuzzDaily's Top 150 Wednesday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 8.22.2018". Showbuzz Daily. Retrieved August 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Driving to work and getting ready to start directing episode 807 of @suits_usa..." Instagram. June 22, 2018. Retrieved June 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Cast of 'Suits' talks new season, royal wedding and more". Today.com. July 17, 2018. Retrieved July 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ Welch, Alex (August 2, 2018). "'Teen Mom II' doubles in 18-49, 'Snowfall' gets big viewers boost cable Live +7 ratings for July 16-22". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved August 2, 2018.
Jump up ^ Welch, Alex (August 11, 2018). "'American Woman' scores big viewer gains in cable Live +7 ratings for July 23-29". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved August 11, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
List of Suits episodes on IMDb
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text:
Lazy Susan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A Lazy Susan in a Chinese restaurant
A Lazy Susan (a.k.a. Sally Wagon, or Dragon Sally, or Downtrodden Sally or Lazy Zan-Zu) is a turntable (rotating tray) placed on a table or countertop to aid in distributing food. Lazy Susans may be made from a variety of materials but are usually glass, wood, or plastic. They are usually circular and placed in the center of a circular table to share dishes easily among diners. Owing to the nature of Chinese cuisine, especially dim sum, they are common at formal Chinese restaurants both on mainland and abroad. In Chinese, they are simply known as 餐桌转盘 (p cānzhuō zhuànpán) or "dinner-table turntables".
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Other uses
3 References
4 External links
History[edit]
It is likely that the explanation of the term Lazy Susan, and who Susan was, has been lost to history.[1][2][3] Folk etymologies claim it as an American invention and trace its name to a product – Ovington's $8.50 mahogany "Revolving Server or Lazy Susan"[4] – advertised in a 1917 Vanity Fair,[5] but its use well predates both the advertisement and (probably) the country.[1][3]
A mahogany George III dumbwaiter (c. 1780), auctioned for $3,900 by Christie's in London on 20 Jan. 2010.[3]
Part of the mystery arises from the variety of devices that were grouped under the term dumb waiter (today written dumbwaiter). An early 18th-century British article in The Gentleman's Magazine describes how silent machines had replaced over-garrulous servants at some tables[6] and, by the 1750s, Christopher Smart was praising the "foreign" but discreet devices in verse.[7] It is, however, almost certain that the devices under discussion were wheeled serving trays similar to those introduced by Thomas Jefferson to the United States from France,[8] where they were known as étagères.[8] At some point during or before the 3rd quarter of the 18th century, the name dumb waiter also began to be applied to rotating trays.[1] (Jefferson never had a Lazy Susan at Monticello but he did construct a box-shaped rotating book stand and, as part of serving "in the French style", employed a revolving dining-room door whose reverse side supported a number of shelves.[9]) Finally, by the 1840s, Americans were applying the term to small elevators carrying food between floors as well.[1] The success of George W. Cannon's 1887 mechanical dumbwaiter then popularized this usage, replacing the previous meanings of "dumbwaiter."
The Lazy Susan was initially uncommon enough in the United States for the utopianist Oneida Community to be credited with its invention. They employed the devices as part of their practice of communalism, making food easily and equally available to residents and visitors at meals.[10] An American patent was issued in 1891 to Elizabeth Howell for "certain new and useful Improvements in Self-Waiting Tables". Howell's device ran more smoothly and did not permit crumbs to fall into the space between the Lazy Susan and the table.[11]
The rotating serviette at "Penates", the estate of Russian painter Ilya Repin at Kuokkala. Made in 1909 by Finnish carpenter Ikahainen.[12]
Despite various folk etymologies linking the name to Jefferson and Edison's daughters, the earliest use of these "serviettes" or "butler's assistants"[13] being called a lazy Susan dates to the 1903 Boston Journal:
John B. Laurie, as the resuscitator of "Lazy Susan", seems destined to leap into fortune as an individual worker. "Lazy Susan" is a step toward solving the ever-vexing servant problem. She can be seen, but not heard, nor can she hear, she simply minds her business and carries out your orders in a jiffy.
Laurie was a Scottish carpenter who made his "Lazy Susan" to the design of a Hingham-area lady; finishing the device too late for her to present it as a gift, Laurie received an abusive tirade and then, asked for the price, "told her it wasn’t for sale, though of course it is".[14] The name was repeated in a 1911 Idaho Statesman article – which describes it as "a cousin to the 'curate's assistant', as the English muffin stand is called"[15] – and again in the 1912 Christian Science Monitor, which calls the "silver" Lazy Susan "the characteristic feature of the self-serving dinner table".[16] By the next year, the Lima Daily News described an Ohioan "inaugurat[ing] ... the 'Lazy Susan' method of serving".[17] Henry Ford used an enormous one on his camping trips in the 1920s to avoid bringing a full contingent of servants along with his guests.[3] In 1933, the term was added to the Webster's Dictionary.[18]
Unusually, the 1916 American Cookery describes the device as a German invention:
There is a table arrangement used much in Germany, which has now found its way to America, though it is still by no means common. The German frau calls it "Lazy Susan", but it is entirely different from our product used for salt and pepper shakers. Its only point of similarity is the swivel upon which it turns. The one which joys my heart is of mahogany, and it turns automatically at the slightest touch. It contains seven china dishes, six of which are trapezoids, the center one being octagonal. The trapezoids fit about the center octagon, forming a perfect whole.[19]
By 1918, Century Magazine was already describing the Lazy Susan as out of fashion,[20] but beginning in the 1950s its popularity soared once again after the redesign and reintroduction of the Lazy Susan by George Hall, an engineer, soy-sauce manufacturer, and partner in popular San Francisco-area Chinese restaurants (Johnny Kan's and Ming's of Palo Alto), and the rotating tray is now ubiquitous in Chinese restaurants and homes around the globe.[21] The decline in America's domestic service sector after World War I and its collapse following World War II,[22] combined with the post-war Baby Boom, led to a great demand for them in US households across the country in the 1950s and '60s. This popularity has had the effect, however, of making them seem kitsch in subsequent decades.[3]
Other uses[edit]
A Lazy Susan may be employed as a cake turntable for cake decorating.
Smaller Lazy Susans are used for spice racks and rotating TV or monitor platforms.
By analogy, the term "Lazy Susan" is sometimes applied to cabinets (especially corner cabinets) whose circular shelves rotate around a vertical axle to allow easy access to a greater area of space. Such corner cabinets cut out a quarter of the circle to permit two "doors" to be mounted at right angles to one another. These are especially common in kitchen cabinets.
The term is also infrequently used for the much-older turntables employed in pottery wheels and related tasks like sculpture, modeling, repair work, etc.[23]
A Lazy Susan can be placed under a game-board, such as Scrabble, improving usability of editions that lack a built-in turntable.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Quinion, Michael. World Wide Words: "Lazy Susan". 24 Apr 2010. Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ Lazy Susan. "What’s in a name? The origins of Lazy Susan". 27 Sept 2010. Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Levine, Bettijane. The Los Angeles Times. L.A. at Home. "Back Story: Who Was Susan, and Was She Truly Lazy?" 25 Mar 2010. Accessed 15 May 2013.
Jump up ^ Klages, Karen. Chicago Tribune. "Whaddayaknow. Q: Who named the Lazy Susan?" 9 Jun 1996. Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ Vanity Fair, Vol. 9, No. 6. Dec. 1917
Jump up ^ Weekly Register, No. 105. 15 Apr 1732. Op. cit. The Gentleman's Magazine: Or, Monthly Intelligencer, "p. 701". F. Jefferies (London), Apr. 1732. Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ Smart, Christopher. Fables: "Mrs. Abigail and the Dumb Waiter: Fable XV". 1755.
^ Jump up to: a b Monticello.org. "Rooms & Furnishings: Dumbwaiters". Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ Monticello.org. "Design and Decor Convenience". Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ Popik, Barry. The Big Apple. "Lazy Susan". 6 Sept 2009
Jump up ^ Howell, Elizabeth (1891). Patent No. 464,073. Maryville, Missouri: United States Patent Office.
Jump up ^ Repin "Penaty" Estate in Repino/Kuokkala, Russia, currently a museum
Jump up ^ The Unpopular Review, p. 73. Jan.–Mar. 1919. Op. cit. Popik (2009).
Jump up ^ Boston Journal, p. 3. "Hingham Indian Maidens Revive Ancient Arts: Lazy Susan, Dumb Waitress". 8 Nov. 1903. Op. cit. Popik (2009).
Jump up ^ Idaho Statesman, p. 5. "An Ideal Servant: 'Lazy Susan' Works Hard and Never Talks Back" 30 Oct. 1911. Op. cit. Popik (2009).
Jump up ^ Christian Science Monitor. "Giving an Automatic Dinner". 25 Sept. 1912. Op. cit. Quinion (2010).
Jump up ^ Lima Daily News. 31 Dec. 1913. Op. cit. Quinion (2010).
Jump up ^ Orlando Sentinel. "A Turn Through History With The Lazy Susan". Accessed 15 May 2013.
Jump up ^ American Cookery, p. 105. Aug.–Sept. 1916. Op. cit. Popik (2009).
Jump up ^ Century Magazine, p. 396. Jan. 1918. Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ Smithsonian Magazine, http://www.smithsonianmag.com/arts-culture/lazy-susan-classic-centerpiece-chinese-resturants-neither-classic-nor-chinese-180949844/
Jump up ^ Graff, Daniel. The Electronic Encyclopedia of Chicago. "[www.encyclopedia.chicagohistory.org/pages/386.html Domestic Work and Workers]". Chicago Historical Society, 2005. Accessed 11 Aug 2013.
Jump up ^ U.S. Navy. Safety Center. "Fleet Readiness Center (FRC) East Uses Lazy Susan Design to Prevent Work Related Musculoskeletal Disorders".
External links[edit]
Media related to Lazy Susans at Wikimedia Commons
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lazy_Susan&oldid=790437511"
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Free agent
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Free agent (disambiguation).
In professional sports, a free agent is a player who is eligible to sign with any club or franchise; i.e., not under contract to any specific team. The term is also used in reference to a player who is under contract at present but who is allowed to solicit offers from other teams. In some circumstances, the free agent's options are limited by league rules.
Contents
[hide]
1 Types
1.1 Terms
1.1.1 Unrestricted free agent
1.1.2 Restricted free agent
1.1.3 Undrafted free agent
1.2 Legal provisions in Europe
2 Usage
2.1 Association football usage
2.2 Australian Football League usage
2.3 Major League Baseball usage
2.4 National Basketball Association usage
2.5 National Football League usage
2.6 National Hockey League usage
3 Drawbacks for owners
4 Deadlines
5 References
Types[edit]
Terms[edit]
Unrestricted free agent[edit]
Unrestricted free agents are players without a team. They have either been released from their club, had the term of their contract expire without a renewal, or were not chosen in a league's draft of amateur players. These people, generally speaking, are free to entertain offers from all other teams and to decide with whom to sign a contract.
Restricted free agent[edit]
Main article: Restricted free agent
The specific rules of restricted free agency vary among the major professional sports, but in principle it means that a player is currently signed to one team but is free to solicit contract offers from other teams; however, this player cannot sign with the competing club if the current club matches (or in some leagues, comes within 10% of) the terms of the offered contract. For a restricted free agent, some leagues require the competing team to offer to the original team one or more draft picks, when an offer is not matched, as compensation for losing the player.
Undrafted free agent[edit]
"Undrafted" redirects here. For the film, see Undrafted (film). For the album, see Undrafted (album).
See also: List of National Basketball Association undrafted players
Players who are not drafted in a league's annual draft of amateur players are considered to be unrestricted free agents and are free to sign contracts with any team. In most North American professional sports, players are drafted by sequencing each team from worst to best (according to the teams' immediately preceding season record, sometimes invoking a draft lottery factor to avoid having teams intentionally lose their last games to gain higher draft position) and allowing said teams to claim rights to the top players entering the league that year. Players that pass through an entire draft (usually several rounds) without being selected by any of the league's teams become unrestricted free agents, and these players are sometimes identified simply as an undrafted free agent (UDFA) or undrafted sportsperson and are free to sign with any team they choose. The term "undrafted free agent" is most common in the National Football League, where rookies enter directly into the NFL and do not play in a minor league system. It can also occasionally be seen in the National Hockey League, which increasingly uses college hockey as a source; the NHL Entry Draft usually drafts players during high school age (i.e., junior leagues), which allows overlooked players who excel at the college level to bypass the draft and sign directly with the NHL.
Legal provisions in Europe[edit]
In the European Union, the 1995 Bosman ruling by the European Court of Justice established the right of free agency for association football players in all EU member nations. The Bosman ruling has since been extended to cover other professional sports and players from Eastern Europe. Players were still tied to their clubs unless their contract ran out until the Webster ruling allowed players the opportunity to move between nations, though it does not allow free players to move within the national league in which they currently play.
Usage[edit]
Association football usage[edit]
In professional association football, a free agent is either a player that has been released by a professional association football club and now is no longer affiliated with any club, or a player whose contract with his or her current club has expired and is thus free to join any other club under the terms of the Bosman ruling.
Free agents do not have to be signed during the normal transfer window that is implemented in some countries' leagues. If they are signed by a team, the team signing them does not have to pay any fees – sometimes this is known as "a free transfer".
If a player is released from their club when the transfer window is closed, they cannot sign for another team until the window reopens. A notable case of this being Sol Campbell who in September 2009 was released from Notts County, just after a month from signing on a free transfer. He signed for his former club Arsenal in January 2010 during the winter transfer window, after spending a few months training with the team to maintain his fitness.
Australian Football League usage[edit]
The Australian Football League introduced free agency at the end of 2012.
Out-of-contract players who are not within the top 25% paid players at their club will become unrestricted free agents after eight seasons of service at one club; out-of-contract players who are within the top 25% paid players at their club become restricted free agents after eight seasons, then become unrestricted free agents after ten seasons. Clubs receive compensation in the form of draft picks for the loss of out-of-contract free agents. Players who are delisted will become unrestricted free agents, regardless of length of service; clubs are not compensated for the transfer of such free agents.[1]
Major League Baseball usage[edit]
See also: Flood v. Kuhn
In Major League Baseball, free agents were previously classified as either Type A, Type B, or unclassified. Type A free agents were those determined by the Collective Bargaining Agreement to be in the top 20% of all players based on the previous two seasons. Type B free agents were those in the next 20%. Unclassified free agents were those in the bottom 60% of players.
Teams that lost a Type A free agent to whom they had offered arbitration received the top draft pick from the team that signed the free agent, plus a supplemental draft pick in the upcoming draft as compensation. Teams losing Type B free agents to whom they had offered arbitration received only a supplemental pick as compensation.
Teams that have lost unclassified free agents, or who did not offer arbitration to classified free agents, did not receive any compensation.[2]
The current collective bargaining agreement between MLB and its players union, signed on November 22, 2011 and taking effect with the 2012 season, dramatically changed free agent compensation. Players are no longer classified by type. Instead, a team will only be able to receive draft pick compensation if it makes its former player an offer at least equal to the average of the 125 richest contracts.[3] However, if a player is traded during the final season of his contract, his new team will be ineligible to receive any draft pick compensation.[4]
National Basketball Association usage[edit]
Main article: NBA salary cap § Free agency
National Football League usage[edit]
Exclusive-rights free agents
Exclusive-rights free agents (ERFAs) are players with two or fewer seasons of service time and whose contracts have expired. If their team tenders a qualifying offer (a one-year contract usually at league-minimum salary) the player has no negotiating rights with other teams, and must either sign the tender with the team or sit out the season.[5]
Restricted free agents
Restricted free agents (RFAs) are players who have three or fewer accrued seasons of service and whose contracts have expired. RFAs have received qualifying offers from their old clubs and are free to negotiate with any club until a deadline which occurs approximately a week prior to the NFL Draft (for 2010 the deadline was April 15), at which time their rights revert to their original club. If a player accepts an offer from a new club, the old club will have the right to match the offer and retain the player. If the old club elects not to match the offer, it may receive draft-choice compensation depending on the level of the qualifying offer made to the player.[6]
Unrestricted free agents
Unrestricted free agents are players with expired contracts that have completed four or more accrued seasons of service. They are free to sign with any franchise.[6]
Undrafted free agents
Undrafted free agents are players eligible for the NFL Draft but who are not selected; they can negotiate and sign with any team.
"Plan B" free agency
Plan B free agency was a type of free agency that became active in the National Football League in February 1989 to 1992. Plan B free agency permitted all teams in the NFL to preserve limited rights of no more than 37 total players a season; if a player was a protected Plan B free agent, he was incapable of signing with another team without providing his old team the first opportunity to sign him again. The rest of the players were left unprotected, liberated to negotiate contracts with the rest of the teams in the league.
Eight players sued the NFL in U.S. federal court, stating that Plan B was an unlawful restraint of trade. In 1992, a jury found that Plan B violated antitrust laws and awarded damages to these players.
National Hockey League usage[edit]
In the NHL, between 2005 and 2008, the age of unrestricted free agency declined from 31 to 27. As of 2008, any player who is at least 27 years old or has at least seven years of service as an NHL player, and whose contract has expired, will become an unrestricted free agent. On July 1 of each year the free agency period begins,[7] and unrestricted free agents are free to negotiate and sign contracts with any team. Under the old collective agreement, which expired in 2004, draft picks were awarded as compensation when a team lost an unrestricted free agent; however, under the current CBA teams losing unrestricted free agents do not receive any compensation.
In addition, any player at least 22 years of age who has not been selected in the NHL Draft can sign with any team as a free agent.
Any player who is not entry-level, but does not meet the qualifications of unrestricted free agency becomes a restricted free agent when his contract expires.
Drawbacks for owners[edit]
The economics of free agency are disadvantageous for team owners; it can lead to bidding wars—and increased player salaries mean decreased owner profits. Restrictions on free agency have therefore been preferred by North American team owners since the abolition of the reserve clause. For example, a draft can be used to keep young and talented players from generating bidding wars and causing higher player salaries throughout the league. Furthermore, some teams which play in large market cities, and hence have a larger revenue stream, would be able to outbid other teams for talented players. Some leagues, such as the National Football League and the National Basketball Association have imposed salary cap rules in order to avert such bidding wars (the NFL itself was imposed in an effort to monopolize pro football and prevent bidding wars that had crippled preceding regional leagues like the Ohio League and Pittsburgh circuit).
In Europe, the wages of the top players have increased dramatically since the Bosman ruling, although this is partly because of increased television revenues. As in North America, the number of transfers involving a fee are on the decline since clubs can wait for players to finish their contracts and become unrestricted. Also in Major League Baseball the larger and more successful teams often trump the lesser income teams from lack of a salary cap.
Deadlines[edit]
In some leagues, free agency has deadlines. For example, under the most recent NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement, restricted free agents who do not sign contracts by December 1 of a given year will be ineligible to play in the National Hockey League for the balance of that season. However, other leagues (such as the National Basketball Association) have no such restrictions.
In Europe, players can only move during transfer windows—during the close season and halfway through the league season. There are exceptions for unsigned professional players in the lower divisions.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Free agency rules". Australian Football League. 16 March 2012. Archived from the original on 17 March 2012. Retrieved 17 March 2012.
Jump up ^ Jon Heyman, SI.com (2008-10-31). "Free agent Mark Teixeira tops the annual Elias player rankings – 2008 MLB Playoffs – SI.com". Sportsillustrated.cnn.com. Archived from the original on 2008-11-06. Retrieved 2010-07-03.
Jump up ^ "MLB players, owners sign agreement". ESPN.com. 2011-11-23. Retrieved 2011-11-23.
Jump up ^ Stark, Jayson (2011-11-22). "How the new CBA changes baseball". ESPN.com. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
Jump up ^ Fitzgerald, Jason (March 4, 2013). "An Overview of the Various Types of Free Agents". overthecap.com. Retrieved March 25, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Key questions and answers about 2010 NFL free agency". NFL.com. March 2010. Retrieved 26 April 2010.
Jump up ^ McCaig, Sam. "The NHL's top 50 unrestricted free agents – NHL – Yahoo! Canada Sports". Ca.sports.yahoo.com. Retrieved 2010-07-03.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Free_agent&oldid=804218088"
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California grizzly bear
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
For the University of California, Berkeley mascot, see California Golden Bears.
California grizzly bear
Monarch, a preserved specimen, on display at the California Academy of Sciences.
Conservation status

Extinct (1924) (IUCN 3.1)
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Family: Ursidae
Genus: Ursus
Species: U. arctos
Subspecies: †U. a. californicus
Trinomial name
Ursus arctos californicus
Merriam 1896, pp. 76–77
Synonyms
colusus Merriam, 1914
henshawi Merriam, 1914
klamathensis Merriam, 1914
magister Merriam, 1914
mendocinensis Merriam, 1916
tularensis Merriam, 1914
The California grizzly bear (Ursus arctos californicus) is an extinct subspecies of the grizzly bear, the very large North American brown bear. "Grizzly" could have meant "grizzled" (that is, with golden and grey tips of the hair) or "fear-inspiring" (this is actually spelled "grisly").[1] Nonetheless, after careful study, naturalist George Ord formally classified it in 1815 – not for its hair, but for its character – as Ursus horribilis ("terrifying bear").[2] Genetically, North American grizzlies are closely related;[3] in size and coloring, the California grizzly bear was much like the grizzly bear of the southern coast of Alaska. In California, it was particularly admired for its beauty, size and strength. The grizzly became a symbol of the Bear Flag Republic, a moniker that was attached to the short-lived attempt by a group of American settlers to break away from Mexico in 1846. Later, this rebel flag became the basis for the state flag of California, and then California was known as the "Bear State."[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Nomenclature
2 History and extinction
2.1 Baiting
3 Reintroduction
4 Symbolism
5 See also
6 References
7 Further reading
8 External links
Nomenclature[edit]
A Kodiak bear (Ursus arctos middendorffi), is very similar physiologically to the California grizzly, despite the pronounced humpback
A 1953 researcher stated, "The specific status of North American brown bears (or grizzly bears) is one of the most complex problems of mammalian taxonomy. The difficulty stems directly from the work of Merriam (1918), who concluded that there are 86 forms of grizzlies (and brown bears) in North America."[5]
North American grizzlies were taxonomically grouped as a species apart from other bear species, until DNA testing revealed that they should properly be grouped in the same species as the other brown bears.[3] Grizzlies living in California had been classified by Merriam into many subspecies, but the only genetically anomalous grouping in North America is the ABC Islands bears.[6]
History and extinction[edit]
Lassoing a grizzly, c. 1870s
The first recorded encounters of California grizzly bears by the Europeans are in the diaries kept by several members of the 1769 Portola expedition, first exploration by land of what is now the state of California. Several place names that include the Spanish word for bear (oso) trace their origins back to that first expedition (e.g. Los Osos).
As the settled frontier of New Spain was extended northward, settlers began to populate California and establish large cattle herds as the main industry. The grizzly bears killed livestock and so became enemies of the rancheros. Vaqueros hunted the grizzlies, sometimes roping and capturing them to be displayed in public battles with bulls.[7] This popular spectator sport inspired betting as to whether the bear or the bull would win.
One popular, though false[8] account is that Horace Greeley, after seeing such a fight, gave the modern stock market its "bear" and "bull" nicknames — based on the fighting styles of the two animals: the bear swipes downward while the bull hooks upward.
In 1866, a grizzly bear described as weighing as much as 2,200 pounds (1,000 kg) was killed in Valley Center, California, the biggest bear ever found in California, as recalled in 1932 by Catherine E. Lovett Smith, who had been six years old at the time and on whose family's ranch the bear had been found; Lovett Smith stated that this was where Valley Center got its original name of "Bear Valley" (other sources concurred as to the story of the bear, but differed on its size).[9]
Less than 75 years after the discovery of gold in 1848, almost every grizzly bear in California had been tracked down and killed. One prospector in Southern California, William F. Holcomb (nicknamed "Grizzly Bill" Holcomb), was particularly well known for hunting grizzly bears in what is now San Bernardino County. The last hunted California grizzly bear was shot in Tulare County, California, in August 1922, although no body, skeleton or pelt was ever produced. Two years later in 1924, what was thought to be a grizzly was spotted in Sequoia National Park for the last time and thereafter, grizzlies were never seen again in California.[9][10][11]
Baiting[edit]
Main article: Bear-baiting
Californian grizzly bears had been pitted against other animals, such as bulls.[12]
Reintroduction[edit]
California still has habitat for about 500 grizzlies.[13] In 2014, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service received and rejected a petition to reintroduce grizzly bears to California.[14][15] In 2015, the Center for Biological Diversity launched a petition aimed at the California state legislature to reintroduce the grizzly bear to the state.[16][17][18] The California grizzly bear has been considered as a possible candidate for attempts at de-extinction, through the proposed use of back-breeding, cloning and genetic engineering to recreate extinct species.[19]
Symbolism[edit]
Flag of California
The California grizzly bear is one of the state's most visible and enduring symbols, adorning both the state flag and seal. The Bear Flag first flew in 1846 as a symbol of the short-lived California Republic. A second version was adopted as the state flag by the state legislature in 1911.[20] The bear symbol became a permanent part of the state seal in 1849. The California grizzly bear was designated the official state animal in 1953.[21][22] The bear is celebrated in name and as mascot of the sports teams of the University of California, Berkeley (the California Golden Bears), and of the University of California, Los Angeles (the UCLA Bruins) and in the mascot of University of California, Riverside (Scottie the Bear, dressed in a Highland kilt). The California Maritime Academy operates a training ship named "Golden Bear".[citation needed]
See also[edit]
Caniformia
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Wright, William Henry (1909). The Grizzly Bear: The Narrative of a Hunter-naturalist, Historical, Scientific and Adventurous. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Grisly indeed, Grizzly Island was aptly named". Daily Republic. Retrieved 5 May 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b Miller, C.; Waits, L.; Joyce, P. (2006). "Phylogeography and mitochondrial diversity of extirpated brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations in the contiguous United States and Mexico". Mol Ecol. 15 (14): 4477–85.
Jump up ^ Storer, T.I.; Tevis, L.P. (1955). California Grizzly. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. p. 335. ISBN 0520205200.
Jump up ^ Rausch, Robert L. (1953). "On the Status of some Arctic Mammals". Faculty Publications from the Harold W. Manter Laboratory of Parasitology. Paper 497. Journal of the Arctic Institute of North America (July 1953) 6(2). 6 (2).
Jump up ^ tephens, Tim. "DNA Study Clarifies Relationship Between Polar Bears and Brown Bears." University Of California, Santa Cruz. University Of California, Santa Cruz Newscenter, 14 Mar. 2013. Web
Jump up ^ Storer & Tevis (1955). California Grizzly. UC Press.
Jump up ^ "Bull, n1 III.8.a." OED Online. Oxford University Press, December 2014. Web. 20 January 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "Valley Center History Museum". Retrieved 2012-05-05.
Jump up ^ Johnson, Brett (August 9, 2014). "Great grizzly bear hunt in Santa Paula backcountry reaps state flag icon, tall tales". Ventura County Star. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Grinnell, J.; Dixon, J.; Linsdale., J. (1937). Fur bearing animals of California. |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Tracy Irwin Storer; Lloyd Pacheco Tevis (1996). California Grizzly. University of California Press. pp. 42–187. ISBN 978-0-520-20520-8. Retrieved 2016-03-23.
Jump up ^ Carroll, C.; R. F. Noss; N. H. Schumaker; P. C. Paquet (2001). David Maehr; Reed F. Noss; Jeffery L. Larkin, eds. Large Mammal Restoration: Ecological and Sociological Challenges in the 21st Century (1 ed.). Washington, DC: Island Press. pp. 25–46. ISBN 9781559638173. Is the return of the wolf, wolverine, and grizzly bear to Oregon and California biologically feasible?
Jump up ^ Woody, Todd (20 Jun 2014). "A New Move to Bring the Grizzly Bear Back to California". TakePart. Participant Media. Retrieved 10 November 2015.
Jump up ^ "EDITORIAL: Grizzly bear homecoming?". Fresno Bee. 19 Jul 2014. Retrieved 28 Sep 2015. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Where are the Bears?". Center for Biological Diversity. Retrieved February 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Platt, John (28 Jul 2015). "Waving the Flag for the Grizzly's Return to California". TakePart. Participant Media. Retrieved February 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Miller, Craig (May 2, 2016). "Move to Return Grizzly Bears to California Will Be an Uphill Push". KQED Science. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Gross, Liza (June 5, 2013). "De-Extinction Debate: Should Extinct Species Be Revived?". KQED Science. Retrieved 5 May 2016.
Jump up ^ Trinkle, William J. (4 August 2013). "A Brief History of the Bear Flag". The Bear Flag Museum. Sacramento, CA USA. Retrieved 7 May 2014. The flag soon came to be called the “Bear Flag” and the insurgency came to be called the “Bear Flag Revolt"
Jump up ^ "History and Culture – State Symbols". California State Library. Retrieved 23 September 2011.
Jump up ^ California State Legislature (1911), "An act to select adopt the bear flag as the state flag of California", The statutes of California and amendments to the codes passed at the thirty-ninth session of the legislature, San Francisco: Bancroft-Whitney, p. 6, retrieved 24 September 2011
Further reading[edit]
Merriam, C. Hart (13 April 1896), "Preliminary Synopsis of the American Bears", Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 10: 65–83 + plates IV–VI, retrieved 23 September 2011
Wozencraft, W.C. (2005). "Subspecies Ursus arctos californicus". In Wilson, D.E.; Reeder, D.M. Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 589. ISBN 978-0-8018-8221-0. OCLC 62265494.
Merriam, C. Hart (13 August 1914), "Description of Thirty apparently New Grizzly and Brown Bears from North America", Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 27: 173–196, retrieved 24 September 2011
Merriam, C. Hart (6 September 1916), "Nineteen Apparently New Grizzly and Brown Bears from Western America", Proceedings of the Biological Society of Washington, 29: 133–154, retrieved 24 September 2011
Hall, E. Raymond (10 August 1984), "Geographic variation among brown and grizzly bears (Ursus arctos) in North America", Special publication 13, University of Kansas Museum of Natural History, retrieved 24 September 2011
Miller, Craig R.; Waits, Lisette P.; Joyce, Paul (December 2006), "Phylogeography and mitochondrial diversity of extirpated brown bear (Ursus arctos) populations in the contiguous United States and Mexico" (PDF), Molecular Ecology, 15 (14): 4477–4485, doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2006.03097.x, PMID 17107477, retrieved 24 September 2011
Solnit, Rebecca; Caron, Mona (2010), A California Bestiary, Berkeley, CA: Heyday Books, pp. 13–15, ISBN 978-1-59714-125-3
External links[edit]
"Ursus arctos californicus". Integrated Taxonomic Information System.
Ursus arctos californicus Merriam, 1896 at the Encyclopedia of Life
Shaggy God – Topic: Ursus arctos californicus Merriam, 1896
The Monarch Bear Institute
Bring Back the California Grizzly
Grizzly Bear National Monument (proposed)
Data related to Ursus arctos californicus at Wikispecies
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iNaturalist: 147088
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MSW: 14000974
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Trading Spaces
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Not to be confused with Trading Places.
Trading Spaces
Presented by
Paige Davis
Starring
see below
Country of origin
United States
Production
Running time
60 minutes
Production company(s)
Ross Productions
Banyan Productions
A. Smith & Co. Productions
Release
Original network
TLC and Discovery Home and Discovery Channel
Original release
Original Series:
October 13, 2000 - December 13, 2008
Revived Series:
April 7, 2018 – present
External links
Website
Trading Spaces is an hour-long American television reality program that originally aired from 2000 to 2008 on the cable channels TLC and Discovery Home. The format of the show was based on the BBC TV series Changing Rooms. The first iteration ran for eight seasons.
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 Changes
3 Cast
3.1 Original run (2000–2008)
3.1.1 Hosts
3.1.2 Designers
3.1.3 Carpenters
3.2 2018 revival
3.2.1 Host
3.2.2 Returning designers
3.2.3 New designers
3.2.4 Returning carpenters
3.2.5 New carpenters
3.3 Timeline
4 Spin-offs
4.1 Trading Spaces: Family
4.2 Trading Spaces: Boys vs. Girls
4.3 Trading Spaces: Home Free
4.4 Trading Spaces: 100 Grand
4.5 The Best Of Trading Spaces
5 References
6 External links
Premise[edit]
In each episode, two sets of neighbors redecorated one room in each other's home. Each two-person team had two (later, three) days, a budget of US$1,000, (later $2,000) and the services of a designer. Although the producers generally allowed the teams to go over budget slightly, there was one instance when a designer went $150 over budget and the producers forced her to return a rug she bought for the project.
The teams have no say over what happens in their own homes, but they are able to give input into what happens in the home they are redecorating. The teams are not allowed to enter their own home for the duration of the show, and the transformed rooms are revealed only at the end of the final day.
The show was generally credited[who?] with sparking a nationwide interest in home decorating and improvement television shows in the United States. At the peak of its popularity, it inspired ancillary products, such as two Trading Spaces books and a computer software program.[citation needed] The show also served as the launching pad for Ty Pennington, one of the show's original carpenters who went on to become host of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition on ABC.
Changes[edit]
The first season featured original host Alex McLeod and some designers who never returned to the show such as Dez Ryan and Roderick Shade, and was produced by Knoxville, Tennessee–based Ross Productions. After the first 40 episodes, Alex McLeod received an Emmy nomination for her work in the first season, but left to pursue other television opportunities.[1][2][3][better source needed][4] Beginning with the second season in 2001, Paige Davis took over as host, with the new production company Banyan Productions of Philadelphia. Early-season episodes were traditionally videotaped in and around the production company's home base.[citation needed]
Beginning in the show's fifth season, homeowners chose up to three rooms for their neighbors to re-decorate, and the rooms were selected randomly, with some rooms having increased budgets of $2000 or $3000. Midway through this season, Davis was dismissed, and the show went to a hostless format for several seasons and episodes often featured two carpenters.[5][better source needed][6] This change allowed the two homes to be farther apart, with the most extreme case featuring homes in New York and Oklahoma in the same episode.
On November 13, 2007, it was announced that Davis would be returning as the host of Trading Spaces beginning in January 2008.[7][8] The first episode with Davis as host aired on January 26, 2008. The show also changed production companies, from Banyan Productions to A. Smith & Co. Productions.
On February 6, 2009, Davis announced that Trading Spaces was not picked up for a ninth season.[9]
On March 28, 2017, TLC announced that it had ordered a revival of Trading Spaces from Endemol Shine North America's Authentic Entertainment.[10] Host Paige Davis returned, joined by a number of cast members from the original era of the series, as well as new members Brett Tutor, Joanie Dodd, John Gidding, Kahi Lee, Sabrina Soto, as well as Nate Berkus and Jeremiah Brent as a one-off crossover for fellow TLC series Nate & Jeremiah By Design.[11] A reunion special hosted by Lisa Joyner was also planned to accompany the April 7, 2018 premiere, featuring appearances by other former cast members. The format remains relatively unchanged from the previous seasons, although the spending budget was increased to $2,000. There is also brand integration with the online retailers Overstock.com and Wayfair; one of the retailers provides a "pop-up store" with home décor products during each episode, where a homeowner may pick an item for incorporation into their respective room.[12][13][14]
The two-hour season premiere (which included the reunion special and the season premiere episode) was seen by 2.8 million viewers, making it TLC's highest-rated Saturday primetime program since 2010.[15]
Cast[edit]
The show featured different participants each episode. The designers and carpenters alternate for each show.
Original run (2000–2008)[edit]
Hosts[edit]
Alex McLeod (2000–2001)
Paige Davis (2001–2004, 2008)
Designers[edit]
Goil Amornvivat (2007–2008; from Bravo's Top Design)
Frank Bielec (2000–2008)
Nancy Hadley (2008)
Laurie Hickson-Smith (2000–2008)
Gordon Holmes (2008)
Lauren Makk (2007–2008)
Hildi Santo-Tomas (2000–2008)
Edward Walker (2002–2008), originally a fabric coordinator for the show
Douglas Wilson (2000–2008)
Laura Day (2004, 2007)
Mario DeArmas (2007)
Nadia Geller (one episode in 2007)
Genevieve Gorder (2000–2003, 2005–2007; now[when?] on Dear Genevieve)
Jon Laymon (2005–2007; winner of Pick the Next Designer competition)
Christi Proctor (2003–2007)
Rick Rifle (pseudonym for Richard Whiteford II) (2003–2004)
Dez Ryan (2000–2001)
Leslie Segrete (2005–2007)
Roderick Shade (one episode in 2000)
Kia Steave-Dickerson (2002–2004, 2007)
Barry Wood (2004–2007; now on Hidden Potential)
Vern Yip (2001–2003, 2007; now on Deserving Design)
Anna Ryder Richardson (one episode; from Changing Rooms; rebroadcast as "British Invasion" on The Best Of Trading Spaces episode 17, January 18, 2011)
Carpenters[edit]
Amy Devers (2008)
Faber Dewar (2004–2008)
Thad Mills (2007–2008)
Brandon Russell (2007–2008)
Patty Benson (2007)
Jason Cameron (from While You Were Out)
Andrew Dan-Jumbo (one episode in 2007; from While You Were Out)
Andy Kane (2002–2003, 2007; a.k.a. Handy Andy of Changing Rooms)
Jimmy Little (several episodes in a row after Town Haul ended)
Carter Oosterhouse (2003–2007; now host of Carter Can)
Amy Wynn Pastor (2000–2007)
Ty Pennington (2000–2003, 2007; host of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition, 2003–2012)
Leslie Segrete (2005–2007; from While You Were Out)
2018 revival[edit]
Host[edit]
Paige Davis[16][17]
Returning designers[edit]
Frank Bielec[16]
Genevieve Gorder[14][16]
Hildi Santo-Tomas[16]
Laurie Smith[16]
Douglas Wilson[16]
Vern Yip[14][16][17]
New designers[edit]
John Gidding[16]
Kahi Lee[16]
Sabrina Soto[16][17]
Returning carpenters[edit]
Carter Oosterhouse[16][17]
Ty Pennington[14][16]
New carpenters[edit]
Joanie Sprague[18]
Brett Tutor[16][17]
Timeline[edit]
Spin-offs[edit]
Trading Spaces: Family[edit]
The first spin-off, entitled Trading Spaces: Family, also aired on TLC (2003–2005). It allowed larger teams of three or four, including children considered too young to participate in the original Trading Spaces program. The same designers and carpenters (one per episode, shared by the two teams) worked with host Joe Farrell.
Trading Spaces: Boys vs. Girls[edit]
Main article: Trading Spaces: Boys vs. Girls
Another spin-off, Trading Spaces: Boys vs. Girls aired as a part of Discovery Kids (and also formerly aired on the network's Saturday morning block on NBC). Unlike the original, this version used the same two designers and two carpenters for each episode. In addition, there is no budget limit, and the rooms are rebuilt into theme rooms, making the show look more like Monster House. Reruns premiered on The Hub until New Year's Eve 2010.
Trading Spaces: Home Free[edit]
A spun off series produced for TLC in 2004. In this spin-off the winning couple received their home mortgage-free.
Trading Spaces: 100 Grand[edit]
This was a special episode where the budget was increased to $50,000 per team (while keeping the standard time limit).
The Best Of Trading Spaces[edit]
In January 2011, TLC's sister channel OWN debuted The Best Of Trading Spaces, which revisits some of the traded spaces from the series. Paige Davis hosts the new segments, including interviews with the people who traded spaces in each episode and what has been changed in the spaces since the original episode aired.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://variety.com/2002/tv/news/daytime-emmy-noms-announced-1117863876/
Jump up ^ https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0572771/
Jump up ^ Alex McLeod
Jump up ^ Newsweek Archives
Jump up ^ Paige Davis
Jump up ^ http://www.tvguide.com/news/paige-davis-trading-36276/
Jump up ^ National Ledger: John Legend, Keri Russell and Cast Go Extra Mile for August Rush.
Jump up ^ Paige Davis returning to 'Trading Spaces'
Jump up ^ Out With the Drapes - Trading Spaces is Tossed
Jump up ^ Serrao, Nivea (March 28, 2017). "TLC reviving Trading Spaces". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Nate Berkus and Jeremiah Brent on Their 'Crazy,' 'Surreal' Trading Spaces Crossover Episode". People. Retrieved 2018-05-02.
Jump up ^ Steinberg, Brian (2018-04-06). "TLC Rebuilds Commercials for 'Trading Spaces'". Variety. Retrieved 2018-04-16.
Jump up ^ Hipes, Patrick (2017-11-08). "'Trading Spaces' Reunion Show Set Ahead Of Revival Launch". Deadline. Retrieved 2018-04-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Justin, Neal (2018-04-04). "'Trading Spaces' is the latest TV show hoping to capitalize on the nostalgia wave". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on 2018-04-07. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (2018-04-12). "'Trading Spaces' Return Scores Record Ratings For TLC". Deadline. Retrieved 2018-04-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m Schmidt, Mackenzie (2017-11-08). "The Cast of Trading Spaces Will Reunite after 10 Years Out of the Spotlight". People. Archived from the original on 2017-11-08. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Stein, Megan (2018-01-08). "Trading Spaces Reboot Promises Shocking Reveals That Rival the Original Series". People. Archived from the original on 2017-03-31. Retrieved 2018-04-07.
Jump up ^ Smith, Lauren. "Everything We Know About the Upcoming "Trading Spaces" Reboot". Good Housekeeping. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
Trading Spaces on IMDb
Trading Spaces at TV.com
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