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List of newspapers in the United Kingdom by circulation
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UK daily newspaper circulation, 1950 to present
At the start of the 19th century, the highest-circulation newspaper in the United Kingdom was the Morning Post, which sold around 4,000 copies per day, twice the sales of its nearest rival. As production methods improved, print runs increased, and newspapers were sold at lower prices. By 1828, the Morning Herald was selling the most copies, but it was soon overtaken by The Times.[1]
Pubs would typically take in one or two papers for their customers to read, and through this method, by the 1850s the newspaper of the licensed trade,[clarification needed] the Morning Advertiser, had the second highest circulation. Sales of The Times were around 40,000,[2] and it had around 80% of the entire daily newspaper market,[3] but Sunday papers were more popular, some boasting sales of more than 100,000.[2] Later in the century, the Daily News came to prominence, selling 150,000 copies a day in the 1870s,[1] while by 1890, The Daily Telegraph had a circulation of 300,000. Sunday newspaper sales also grew rapidly, with Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper being the first to sell one million copies an issue.[2]
The press was changed by the introduction of halfpenny papers. The first national halfpenny paper was the Daily Mail[1] (followed by the Daily Express and the Daily Mirror), which became the first weekday paper to sell one million copies around 1911. Circulation continued to increase, reaching a peak in the mid-1950s;[2] sales of the News of the World reached a peak of more than eight million in 1950.[4] Since the 1950s, there has been a gradual decline in newspaper sales.[2] The availability of multimedia news platforms has accelerated this decline in the 21st century, and by the close of 2014, no UK newspaper had a daily circulation exceeding two million.[5][6] The overall circulation of newspapers declined by 6.6% in 2014–15.[7]
Contents
[hide]
1 Daily newspapers
1.1 2010 to present
1.2 2000–2009
1.3 1950–1999
1.4 Before 1950
2 Sunday newspapers
2.1 2010 to present
2.2 2000–2009
2.3 20th century
2.4 19th century
3 Regional newspapers
4 See also
5 References
Daily newspapers[edit]
2010 to present[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for January of each year. Regardless of immediate source, all figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
2017[8]
2016[9]
2015[10]
2014[11]
2013[12]
2012[13]
2011[14]
2010[15][16]
The Sun 1666715 !1,666,715 1787096 !1,787,096 1978702 !1,978,702 2213659 !2,213,659 2409811 !2,409,811 2582301 !2,582,301 3001822 !3,001,822 3006565 !3,006,565
Daily Mail 1511357 !1,511,357 1589471 !1,589,471 1688727 !1,688,727 1780565 !1,780,565 1863151 !1,863,151 1945496 !1,945,496 2136568 !2,136,568 2120347 !2,120,347
Metro 1476956 !1,476,956 1348033 !1,348,033 0 !? 1362893 !1,362,893[17] 0 !? 0 !? 0 !? 0 !?
Evening Standard 0887253 !887,253 0898407 !898,407 0877532 !877,532[18] 0805309 !805,309[19] 0695645 !695,645[20] 0699368 !699,368[21] 0704008 !704,008[22] 0601960 !601,960[23]
Daily Mirror 0724888 !724,888 0809147 !809,147 0922235 !922,235 0992256 !992,256 1058488 !1,058,488 1102810 !1,102,810 1194097 !1,194,097 1218425 !1,218,425
Daily Telegraph 0472258 !472,258 0472033 !472,033 0494675 !494,675 0544546 !544,546 0555817 !555,817 0578774 !578,774 0651184 !651,184 0691128 !691,128
The Times 0451261 !451,261 0404155 !404,155 0396621 !396,621 0384304 !384,304 0399339 !399,339 0397549 !397,549 0457250 !457,250 0508250 !508,250
Daily Star 0443452 !443,452 0470369 !470,369 0425246 !425,246 0489067 !489,067 0535957 !535,957 0617082 !617,082 0734311 !734,311 0779376 !779,376
Daily Express 0392526 !392,526 0408700 !408,700 0457914 !457,914 0500473 !500,473 0529648 !529,648 0577543 !577,543 0639875 !639,875 0674640 !674,640
i 0266768 !266,768 0271859 !271,859 0280351 !280,351 0298266 !298,266 0293946 !293,946 0264432 !264,432 0133472 !133,472 0 !N/A
Financial Times 0188924 !188,924 0198237 !198,237 0219444 !219,444 0234193 !234,193 0275375 !275,375 0316493 !316,493 0383067 !383,067 0390315 !390,315
The Guardian 0156756 !156,756 0164163 !164,163 0185429 !185,429 0207958 !207,958 0204440 !204,440 0215988 !215,988 0279308 !279,308 0302285 !302,285
Daily Record 0155772 !155,772 0176892 !176,892 0203725 !203,725 0227639 !227,639 0251535 !251,535 0291825 !291,825 0306872 !306,872 0323831 !323,831
City A.M. 0090319 !90,319 0097259 !97,259 0 !? 0 !? 0 !? 0 !? 0 !? 0 !?
The Independent 0 !N/A 0055193 !55,193 0061338 !61,338 0066576 !66,576 0076802 !76,802 0105160 !105,160 0185035 !185,035 0185815 !185,815
The New Day 0 !N/A 0040000 !40,000[24] 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
The New European 0020000 !20,000[25] 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
2000–2009[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for January of each year. Only newspapers with circulations of more than 100,000 copies per day in January 2009 are listed. Regardless of immediate source, all figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
2009[26][27]
2008[28]
2007[29]
2006[30]
2005[30]
2004[31]
2003[32]
2002[33]
2001
2000
The Sun 3146006 !3,146,006 3209766 !3,209,766 3217844 !3,217,844 3319337 !3,319,337 3382509 !3,382,509 3410701 !3,410,701 3578506 !3,578,506 3502923 !3,502,923 3636561 !3,636,561[34] 3557336 !3,557,336[34]
Daily Mail 2200398 !2,200,398 2313908 !2,313,908 2354028 !2,354,028 2389011 !2,389,011 2409121 !2,409,121 2485210 !2,485,210 2518544 !2,518,544 2489264 !2,489,264 2479768 !2,479,768[35] 2353915 !2,353,915[35]
Daily Mirror 1366891 !1,366,891 1512599 !1,512,599 1621000 !1,621,000 1727672 !1,727,672 1748327 !1,748,327 1919125 !1,919,125 2071059 !2,071,059 2164576 !2,164,576 2149422 !2,149,422[36] 2270543 !2,270,543[36]
Daily Telegraph 0783210 !783,210 0890086 !890,086 0911454 !911,454 0917943 !917,943 0920745 !920,745 0914981 !914,981 0946697 !946,697 1013653 !1,013,653 1022263 !1,022,263[37] 1039749 !1,039,749[37]
Daily Star 0768534 !768,534 0722969 !722,969 0773637 !773,637 0820070 !820,070 0861825 !861,825 0901879 !901,879 0835343 !835,343 0706554 !706,554 0543807 !543,807[38] 0502647 !502,647[38]
Daily Express 0736340 !736,340 0752699 !752,699 0771325 !771,325 0849001 !849,001 0949238 !949,238 0956649 !956,649 0983391 !983,391 0991560 !991,560 0979042 !979,042[39] 1050846 !1,050,846[39]
The Times 0617483 !617,483 0633718 !633,718 0670054 !670,054 0685081 !685,081 0686327 !686,327 0660713 !660,713 0671340 !671,340 0711295 !711,295 0734220 !734,220[40] 0726349 !726,349[40]
Financial Times 0426676 !426,676 0452448 !452,448 0439104 !439,104 0441840 !441,840 0422519 !422,519 0422543 !422,543 0431875 !431,875 0475475 !475,475 0478161 !478,161[41] 0435478 !435,478[41]
The Guardian 0358844 !358,844 0378394 !378,394 0384070 !384,070 0394913 !394,913 0376816 !376,816 0383157 !383,157 0409568 !409,568 0411386 !411,386 0410152 !410,152[42] 0401560 !401,560[42]
Daily Record 0354302 !354,302[43] 0393788 !393,788[43] 0418628 !418,628 0451932 !451,932 0471708 !471,708 0503077 !503,077 0520540 !520,540 0584290 !584,290 0603914 !603,914[44] 0626646 !626,646[44]
Evening Standard 0237403 !237,403[45] 0294823 !294,823 0276562 !276,562 0337080 !337,080 0350671 !350,671 0395090 !395,090[46] 0424177 !424,177[46] 0410104 !410,104[46] 0432661 !432,661[46] 0440287 !440,287[46]
The Independent 0215504 !215,504 0250641 !250,641 0263503 !263,503 0258387 !258,387 0257100 !257,100 0248876 !248,876 0221926 !221,926 0224655 !224,655 0223645 !223,645[47] 0222106 !222,106[47]
1950–1999[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for each year. Figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
1997[48]
1992[49]
1987[50]
1980[51]
1976[50]
1966[51]
1961[50]
1956[52]
The Sun 3877097 !3,877,097 3570562 !3,570,562 3993000 !3,993,000 3741000 !3,741,000 3708000 !3,708,000 1238000 !1,238,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Mirror 2442078 !2,442,078 2900000 !2,900,000[53] 3123000 !3,123,000 3625000 !3,625,000 3851000 !3,851,000 5123000 !5,123,000 4561000 !4,561,000 4649696 !4,649,696
Daily Mail 2344183 !2,344,183 1675453 !1,675,453 1759000 !1,759,000 1948000 !1,948,000 1755000 !1,755,000 2318000 !2,318,000 2610000 !2,610,000 2071708 !2,071,708
Daily Express 1241336 !1,241,336 1524786 !1,524,786 1697000 !1,697,000 2194000 !2,194,000 2594000 !2,594,000 3978000 !3,978,000 4328000 !4,328,000 4042334 !4,042,334
Daily Telegraph 1129777 !1,129,777 1038138 !1,038,138 1147000 !1,147,000 1439000 !1,439,000 1308000 !1,308,000 1353000 !1,353,000 1248000 !1,248,000 1075460 !1,075,460
The Times 0821000 !821,000 0386258 !386,258 0442000 !442,000 0297000 !297,000 0310000 !310,000 0282000 !282,000 0253000 !253,000 0220716 !220,716
Daily Star 0729991 !729,991 0805793 !805,793 1289000 !1,289,000 1034000 !1,034,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Record 0703090 !703,090 0755026 !755,026[54] 0732000 !732,000
The Guardian 0428010 !428,010 0429062 !429,062 0494000 !494,000 0377000 !377,000 0306000 !306,000 0281000 !281,000 0245000 !245,000 0163585 !163,585
Financial Times 0326516 !326,516 0290204 !290,204 0280000 !280,000 0197000 !197,000 0174000 !174,000 0152000 !152,000 0132000 !132,000 0080518 !80,518
The Independent 0288182 !288,182 0389523 !389,523 0293000 !293,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Today 0 !N/A 0533177 !533,177 0350000 !350,000[55] 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Herald 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 1394000 !1,394,000 1693997 !1,693,997
Daily Sketch 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0857000 !857,000 0981000 !981,000 1123855 !1,123,855
Daily Worker 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0060000 !60,000
News Chronicle 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 1442438 !1,442,438
Before 1950[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for each year. Figures from after 1931 originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations;those from 1852 and 1838 originate from stamp duty returns. Those from 1910, 1921 and 1930 are the most uncertain and rely on information originating from T. B. Browne's Advertiser's ABC.
Title
1947[50]
1939[56]
1930[56]
1921[56]
1910[57]
1863[58]
1852[59]
1838[60]
Daily Express 3855000 !3,855,000 2546000 !2,546,000 1693000 !1,693,000 0579000 !579,000 0400000 !400,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Mirror 3702000 !3,702,000 1571000 !1,571,000 1071000 !1,071,000 1003000 !1,003,000 0630000 !630,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Herald 2134000 !2,134,000 1850000 !1,850,000 1082000 !1,082,000 0211000 !211,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Mail 2076000 !2,076,000 1533000 !1,533,000 1845000 !1,845,000 1533000 !1,533,000 0900000 !900,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
News Chronicle 1623000 !1,623,000 1571000 !1,571,000 1400000 !1,400,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Telegraph 1015000 !1,015,000 0737000 !737,000 0090000 !90,000 0180000 !180,000 0230000 !230,000 0120000 !120,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily Sketch 0772000 !772,000 0750000 !750,000 1013000 !1,013,000 0835000 !835,000 0750000 !750,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
The Times 0268000 !268,000 0204000 !204,000 0187000 !187,000 0113000 !113,000 0045000 !45,000 0040000 !40,000 0042384 !42,384 0011660 !11,660
Manchester Guardian 0126000 !126,000 051000 !51,000[57] 047000 !47,000[57] 040000 !40,000 003173 !3,173
Daily Worker 0118000 !118,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Financial Times 0071000 !71,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Morning Advertiser 0030000 !30,000[61] 0020000 !20,000 007124 !7,124 005000 !5,000
Daily Chronicle 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0661000 !661,000 0800000 !800,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Daily News 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0300000 !300,000 005000 !5,000 003938 !3,938 0 !N/A
Morning Post 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0119000 !119,000[57] 0050000 !50,000 002673 !2,673 002800 !2,800
Morning Star 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0020000 !20,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Morning Herald 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 002000 !2,000 004112 !4,112 006150 !6,150
North British Daily Advertiser 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 002458 !2,458
Morning Chronicle 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 002283 !2,283 006630 !6,630
Sunday newspapers[edit]
2010 to present[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for January of each year. Only newspapers with circulations of more than 100,000 copies in January 2010 are listed. Regardless of immediate source, all figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
2017[8]
2016[9]
2015[10]
2014[62]
2013[12]
2012[63]
2011[14]
2010[15][16]
The Sun on Sunday 1375539 !1,375,539 1487301 !1,487,301 1582359 !1,582,359 1800830 !1,800,830 2010826 !2,010,826 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
The Mail on Sunday 1257984 !1,257,984 1388059 !1,388,059 1461571 !1,461,571 1586979 !1,586,979 1715707 !1,715,707 1882469 !1,882,469 1958083 !1,958,083 2048008 !2,048,008
The Sunday Times 0792324 !792,324 0770370 !770,370 0801623 !801,623 0817642 !817,642 0885612 !885,612 0939395 !939,395 1039371 !1,039,371 1144929 !1,144,929
Sunday Mirror' 0629277 !629,277' 0749061 !749,061 0877910 !877,910 0948754 !948,754 1039150 !1,039,150 1594293 !1,594,293 1092816 !1,092,816 1124620 !1,124,620
The Sunday Telegraph 0359400 !359,400 0355044 !355,044 0381347 !381,347 0429285 !429,285 0435036 !435,036 0461280 !461,280 0527742 !527,742 0602306 !602,306
Sunday Express 0335772 !335,772 0369666 !369,666 0397601 !397,601 0430601 !430,601 0471625 !471,625 0567800 !567,800 0550269 !550,269 0585023 !585,023
Daily Star Sunday 0256801 !256,801 0299146 !299,146 0265382 !265,382 0310063 !310,063 0345885 !345,885 0599078 !599,078 0316712 !316,712 0358814 !358,814
The People 0240846 !240,846 0279837 !279,837 0335093 !335,093 0374820 !374,820 0429167 !429,167 0701246 !701,246 0500866 !500,866 0532975 !532,975
Sunday Mail 0168164 !168,164 0195167 !195,167 0222879 !222,879 0256052 !256,052 0283861 !283,861 0376898 !376,898 0366325 !366,325 0395126 !395,126
The Observer 0185752 !185,752 0183210 !183,210 0198368 !198,368 0225474 !225,474 0225194 !225,194 0253022 !253,022 0314164 !314,164 0354565 !354,565
Sunday Post 0143169 !143,169 0163037 !163,037 0187260 !187,260 TBA 0242555 !242,555 0291623 !291,623 0317896 !317,896 0337398 !337,398
Independent on Sunday 0 !N/A 0091644 !91,644 0097646 !97,646 0101284 !101,284 0114308 !114,308 0124428 !124,428 0152561 !152,561 0153975 !153,975
News of the World 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 2789560 !2,789,560 2984469 !2,984,469
2000–2009[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for January of each year. Only newspapers with circulations of more than 100,000 copies in January 2009 are listed. Regardless of immediate source, all figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
2009[27][64]
2008[29]
2007[29]
2006[30]
2005[30]
2004[65]
2003[66]
2002[67]
2001
2000
News of the World 3031025 !3,031,025 3264676 !3,264,676 3426719 !3,426,719 3789176 !3,789,176 3823317 !3,823,317 3845373 !3,845,373 3971998 !3,971,998 4086621 !4,086,621 4026288 !4,026,288[68] 4139793 !4,139,793[68]
The Mail on Sunday 2134809 !2,134,809 2330366 !2,330,366 2303472 !2,303,472 2404511 !2,404,511 2446465 !2,446,465 2364156 !2,364,156 2388416 !2,388,416 2342860 !2,342,860 2373007 !2,373,007[69] 2323720 !2,323,720[69]
Sunday Mirror 1244007 !1,244,007 1366922 !1,366,922 1460928 !1,460,928 1574054 !1,574,054 1652375 !1,652,375 1674454 !1,674,454 1724940 !1,724,940 1845860 !1,845,860 1831572 !1,831,572[70] 2008961 !2,008,961[70]
The Sunday Times 1198984 !1,198,984 1231374 !1,231,374 1288421 !1,288,421 1375153 !1,375,153 1375982 !1,375,982 1370051 !1,370,051 1410539 !1,410,539 1405430 !1,405,430 1416080 !1,416,080[71] 1373900 !1,373,900[71]
Sunday Express 0646971 !646,971 0704436 !704,436 0790068 !790,068 0877101 !877,101 0976055 !976,055 0930001 !930,001 0976346 !976,346 0834999 !834,999 0879622 !879,622[72] 0974310 !974,310[72]
The Sunday Telegraph 0633639 !633,639 0659841 !659,841 0682739 !682,739 0692107 !692,107 0695522 !695,522 0751038 !751,038 0784069 !784,069 0796840 !796,840[73] 0822931 !822,931[73]
The People 0594552 !594,552 0669362 !669,362 0761595 !761,595 0895275 !895,275 1001389 !1,001,389 1055810 !1,055,810 1189812 !1,189,812 1389778 !1,389,778 1489260 !1,489,260[74] 1613113 !1,613,113[74]
Daily Star Sunday 0359533 !359,533 0382288 !382,288 0378224 !378,224 0439067 !439,067 0459933 !459,933 0556743 !556,743 0510995 !510,995 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Sunday Mail 0442103 !442,103[43] 0487975 !487,975 0514287 !514,287 0547405 !547,405 0585657 !585,657 0605743 !605,743 0628742 !628,742 0692366 !692,366 0708484 !708,484[75] 0751084 !751,084[75]
The Observer 0427867 !427,867 0444951 !444,951 0444186 !444,186 0542075 !542,075 0446818 !446,818 0459804 !459,804 0465984 !465,984 0449806 !449,806 0440090 !440,090[76] 0416460 !416,460[76]
Sunday Post 0366275 !366,275[43] 0412037 !412,037 0437224 !437,224 0451530 !451,530[77] 0481767 !481,767[77] 0514181 !514,181[77] 0547256 !547,256[77] 0581218 !581,218[77] 0612562 !612,562[77] 0655634 !655,634[77]
Independent on Sunday 0178798 !178,798 0236500 !236,500 0247829 !247,829 0241414 !241,414 0206527 !206,527 0206087 !206,087 0220028 !220,028 0231869 !231,869 0250462 !250,462[78] 0248630 !248,630[78]
Sunday Business 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0204910 !204,910[79] 0306683 !306,683 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
20th century[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for each year. Figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
1997[48]
1987[50]
1980[51]
1976[50]
1966[51]
1961[50]
1956[52]
1947[50]
1935[80]
News of the World 4620415 !4,620,415 5360000 !5,360,000 4335000 !4,335,000 5138000 !5,138,000 6152000 !6,152,000 6643000 !6,643,000 7493463 !7,493,463 7890000 !7,890,000 3350000 !3,350,000
Sunday Mirror 2424000 !2,424,000 2953000 !2,953,000 3831000 !3,831,000 4101000 !4,101,000 5219000 !5,219,000 5306000 !5,306,000 5624010 !5,624,010 4006000 !4,006,000 2250000 !2,250,000
The Mail on Sunday 2322423 !2,322,423 1919000 !1,919,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
The People 2001978 !2,001,978 2743000 !2,743,000 3847000 !3,847,000 4094000 !4,094,000 5560000 !5,560,000 5450000 !5,450,000 4948215 !4,948,215 4670000 !4,670,000 3000000 !3,000,000
The Sunday Times 1449113 !1,449,113 1314000 !1,314,000 1424000 !1,424,000 1382000 !1,382,000 1363000 !1,363,000 0967000 !967,000 0618540 !618,540 0568000 !568,000 0215000 !215,000
Sunday Express 1261690 !1,261,690 2033000 !2,033,000 3045000 !3,045,000 3451000 !3,451,000 4181000 !4,181,000 4457000 !4,457,000 3331127 !3,331,127 2577000 !2,577,000 1096000 !1,096,000
The Sunday Telegraph 0983253 !983,253 0693000 !693,000 1017000 !1,017,000 0759000 !759,000 0650000 !650,000 0688000 !688,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Sunday Mail 0818081 !818,081[81] 0734617 !734,617[82] 0567728 !567,728[61] 0250000 !250,000
Sunday Post 0791100 !791,100[81] 1000000 !1,000,000[83] 0312000 !312,000
The Observer 0498086 !498,086 0722000 !722,000 0973000 !973,000 0670000 !670,000 0881000 !881,000 0715000 !715,000 0601042 !601,042 0384000 !384,000 0215000 !215,000
Independent on Sunday 0311321 !311,321 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Scotland on Sunday 0113516 !113,516[81] 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Reynolds News 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0216000 !216,000 0310000 !310,000 0516445 !516,445 0720000 !720,000 0400000 !400,000
Sunday Dispatch 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 2420159 !2,420,159 2061000 !2,061,000 0936000 !936,000
Sunday Graphic 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 2420159 !2,420,159 1185000 !1,185,000 0900000 !900,000
Empire News 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 2550308 !2,550,308 2033177 !2,033,177[61] 1535000 !1,535,000
Sunday Chronicle 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 1178000 !1,178,000 0830000 !830,000
Sunday Referee 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0215000 !215,000
19th century[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for each year. Figures originate from stamp duty returns.
Title
1863[58]
1853[59]
1838[60]
Lloyd's Weekly Newspaper 0500000 !500,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Weekly Times 0200000 !200,000 0065420 !65,420 0 !N/A
News of the World 0150000 !150,000 0069296 !69,296 0 !N/A
Reynold's Weekly 0100000 !100,000 0030035 !30,035 0 !N/A
Illustrated London News 0082331 !82,331 0 !N/A
Weekly Dispatch 0035420 !35,420 0051570 !51,570
Bell's Life in London 0027200 !27,200 0020000 !20,000
Sunday Times 008500 !8,500 0013365 !13,365
Weekly Chronicle 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0032327 !32,327
Bell's Weekly Messenger 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0017274 !17,274
Regional newspapers[edit]
Figures shown are average circulations for each year. Figures originate from the Audit Bureau of Circulations.
Title
2016[84]
2011[85]
2006[86]
1994[87]
1980[51]
1956[52]
1948[88]
1945[87]
1939[88]
Express & Star (Wolverhampton) 0054890 !54,890 0113174 !113,174 0158130 !158,130 0217000 !217,000 0149000 !149,000
Press and Journal (Aberdeen) 0051880 !51,880 0071044 !71,044 0083947 !83,947 0106960 !106,960[89] 0113038 !113,038[90]
Manchester Evening News 0046738 !46,738 0090973 !90,973 0118913 !118,913 0214000 !214,000 0331000 !331,000 0250000 !250,000
Liverpool Echo 0043836 !43,836 0085463 !85,463 0121517 !121,517 0173000 !173,000 0236000 !236,000 0284000 !284,000
Belfast Telegraph 0040042 !40,042 0059319 !59,319 0090827 !90,827 0136714 !136,714[91]
The Courier (Dundee) 0039324 !39,324 0061981 !61,981 0077428 !77,428 0108223 !108,223[89] 0135566 !135,566[90]
The Irish News 0035073 !35,073 0043647 !43,647 0049046 !49,046
Eastern Daily Press (Norfolk) 0034438 !34,438 0042632 !42,632 0068504 !68,504
The Herald (Glasgow) 0028872 !28,872 0113342 !113,342[89] 0116161 !116,161[90]
Hull Daily Mail 0027054 !27,054 0043523 !43,523 0063486 !63,486 0094000 !94,000 0095000 !95,000
The Sentinel (Staffordshire) 0026657 !26,657 0050792 !50,792 0069558 !69,558 0099000 !99,000 0072000 !72,000
Newcastle Chronicle 0026578 !26,578 0052486 !52,486 0086287 !86,287 0121000 !121,000 0190000 !190,000
Shropshire Star 0026332 !26,332 0055606 !55,606 0055529 !55,529 0097000 !97,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Leicester Mercury 0025859 !25,859 0051150 !51,150 0077344 !77,344 0122000 !122,000 0100000 !100,000
Evening Express (Aberdeen) 0025744 !25,744 0047849 !47,849 0056582 !56,582 0070000 !70,000 0081950 !81,950[90] 0114700 !114,700 0067000 !67,000 0104322 !104,322
Yorkshire Post 0025178 !25,178 0039698 !39,698 0053881 !53,881 0079094 !79,094[91] 0151524 !151,524 0079912 !79,912
The Northern Echo (Darlington) 0023971 !23,971 0041181 !41,181 0055404 !55,404 0077425 !77,425[91]
Glasgow Evening Times 0023696 !23,696 0052400 !52,400 0087399 !87,399 0148000 !148,000 0211229 !211,229[90] 0295515 !295,515 0293000 !293,000
North Wales Daily Post 0021802 !21,802 0031802 !31,802 0039651 !39,651 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
South Wales Evening Post (Swansea) 0021031 !21,031 0040149 !40,149 0056104 !56,104 0070000 !70,000 0047000 !47,000
Teesside Gazette 0020973 !20,973 0040546 !40,546 0056384 !56,384 0070000 !70,000 0069000 !69,000
The News (Portsmouth) 0019797 !19,797 0041442 !41,442 0065000 !65,000 0080000 !80,000 0081000 !81,000
Birmingham Mail 0019200 !19,200 0047217 !47,217 0078178 !78,178 0200000 !200,000 0296259 !296,259 0200000 !200,000
Derby Telegraph 0018903 !18,903 0032356 !32,356 0047406 !47,406 0067000 !67,000 0046000 !46,000
Echo (Southend) 0018373 !18,373 0030108 !30,108 0037887 !37,887 0055000 !55,000 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A
Edinburgh Evening News 0018362 !18,362 0039947 !39,947 0059644 !59,644 0092000 !92,000 0113346 !113,346[90] 0129000 !129,000
Nottingham Post 0017524 !17,524 0035361 !35,361 0065623 !65,623 0113000 !113,000 0090000 !90,000
Bristol Post 0017381 !17,381 0038344 !38,344 0056220 !56,220 0093000 !93,000 0110000 !110,000 0109000 !109,000
The Star (Sheffield) 0016708 !16,708 0037255 !37,255 0064466 !64,466 0105000 !105,000 0156000 !156,000
Southern Daily Echo (Southampton) 0016369 !16,369 0031964 !31,964 0042436 !42,436 0064000 !64,000 0060000 !60,000
The Herald (Plymouth) 0016350 !16,350 0029709 !29,709 0040384 !40,384 0058000 !58,000 0062000 !62,000
Yorkshire Evening Post 0016108 !16,018 0036512 !36,512 0062747 !62,747 0114000 !114,000 0250877 !250,877 0204000 !204,000 0185519 !185,519
Coventry Telegraph 0014970 !14,970 0034359 !34,359 0053210 !53,210 0085000 !85,000 0050000 !50,000
South Wales Echo (Cardiff) 0014917 !14,917 0032754 !32,754 0053780 !53,780 0082000 !82,000 0132000 !132,000
The Press (York) 0014608 !14,608 0025989 !25,989 0036781 !36,781 0050000 !50,000 0044000 !44,000
Telegraph & Argus (Bradford) 0013951 !13,951 0026766 !26,766 0040440 !40,440 0063000 !63,000 0103000 !103,000
Bournemouth Daily Echo 0013579 !13,579 0026818 !26,818 0034324 !34,324 0050000 !50,000 0045000 !45,000
Sunderland Echo 0012825 !12,825 0032771 !32,771 0045247 !45,247 0062000 !62,000 0057000 !57,000
The Argus (Brighton) 0011079 !11,079 0029949 !29,949 0034287 !34,287 0068000 !68,000 0042000 !42,000
Lancashire Evening Post 0010751 !10,751 0023183 !23,183 0036028 !36,028 0068000 !68,000 0088000 !88,000
Bolton News 0009607 !9,607 0021940 !21,940 0032575 !32,575 0046000 !46,000 0065000 !65,000
Evening Standard (London) 0662608 !662,608 0780820 !780,820 0384419 !384,419
Liverpool Post 0 !N/A 0008217 !8,217 0017858 !17,858 0382169 !382,169 0236986 !236,986
Evening News (London) 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 1121195 !1,121,195 1652646 !1,652,646 0837638 !837,638
The Star (London) 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0926884 !926,884 1081812 !1,081,812 0488419 !488,419
Manchester Evening Chronicle 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0224000 !224,000
Glasgow Evening Citizen 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0144000 !144,000
Birmingham Evening Despatch 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0138000 !138,000
Yorkshire Evening News 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0122000 !122,000
Glasgow Evening News 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0099000 !99,000
Liverpool Evening Express 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0 !N/A 0089000 !89,000
See also[edit]
List of newspapers in the world by circulation
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c The Cambridge History of English and American Literature: Volume XIV - The Victorian Age, Part Two
^ Jump up to: a b c d e John B. Thomson, Ideology and Modern Culture
Jump up ^ Robert L. Bishop, "The Decline of National Newspapers in the UK", International Communication Gazette 1983: 31, p.206
Jump up ^ "Sundays get a roasting]". Press Gazette. 11 May 2001.
Jump up ^ "UK newspaper readership falls twice as fast as circulation", 28 August 2014
Jump up ^ "The Sun slips below 2m daily sale for the first time in 43 years", The Guardian, 7 November 2014
Jump up ^ http://www.mediareform.org.uk/wp-content/uploads/2015/10/Who_owns_the_UK_media-report_plus_appendix.pdf
^ Jump up to: a b "National newspaper print ABCs for Jan 2017: Observer up year on year, The Sun is fastest riser month on month", Press Gazette, 16 February 2017
^ Jump up to: a b "National press print ABCs for January: Mirror losing ground against cut-price Star ahead of new launch", Press Gazette, 18 February 2016
^ Jump up to: a b "ABCs: National daily newspaper circulation January 2015", Press Gazette, 06 February 2015
Jump up ^ "ABCs: National daily newspaper circulation January 2014", The Guardian, 14 February 2014
^ Jump up to: a b "UK national newspaper sales: Relatively strong performances from Sun and Mirror", Press Gazette, 8 February 2013
Jump up ^ "First official figures give The Sun Sunday 3.2m circ Archived 2012-03-10 at the Wayback Machine.", Press Gazette, 9 March 2012
^ Jump up to: a b Oliver Luft, "ABC: i debuts with daily circulation of 133,472 in January", Press Gazette, 11 February 2011
^ Jump up to: a b "ABCs: Sun back over 3m but Star is only climber", Press Gazette, 12 February 2010
^ Jump up to: a b Oliver Luft, "ABC: Telegraph drops below 700,000", Press Gazette, 12 February 2010
Jump up ^ http://www.abc.org.uk/Certificates/19154156.pdf
Jump up ^ "Regional Publications Certificate of Circulation: London Evening Standard: January 2015", Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ "Regional Publications Certificate of Circulation: London Evening Standard: January 2014", Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ "Regional Publications Certificate of Circulation: London Evening Standard: January 2013", Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ "Regional Publications Certificate of Circulation: London Evening Standard: January 2012", Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ "London Evening Standard Certificate of Circulation", Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ Daily Paid & Free, Newspaper Society
Jump up ^ http://www.telegraph.co.uk/business/2016/05/04/trinity-mirror-to-close-the-new-day-just-10-weeks-after-launchin/
Jump up ^ Lichterman, Joseph (2 February 2017) "This anti-Brexit newspaper first launched as a pop-up, but it's doing well enough to continue indefinitely". Nieman Lab.
Jump up ^ Paul McNally, "January ABCs: Daily Star is lone riser after price cut", Press Gazette, 6 February 2009
^ Jump up to: a b Oliver Luft, "ABC bulks probe: National sales figures revised", Press Gazette, 14 August 2009
Jump up ^ "January ABCs: Sun sales back above three million", Press Gazette, 8 February 2008
^ Jump up to: a b c "Multi Platform Monthly Report: January 2008", Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b c d Dominic Ponsford, "January ABCs: Observer up 21 per cent following relaunch to 542,000 sales", Press Gazette, 17 February 2006
Jump up ^ "National daily newspaper circulations: January 2004", Media Guardian
Jump up ^ "National daily newspaper circulations: January 2003", Media Guardian, 12 February 2003
Jump up ^ "National daily newspaper circulations: January 2002", Media Guardian, 11 February 2002
^ Jump up to: a b The Sun, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Daily Mail, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Daily Mirror, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Daily Telegraph, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Daily Star, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Daily Express, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Times, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Financial Times, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Guardian, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b c d Owen Amos, "January ABCs: Scotland's best performance is 9.3% fall", Press Gazette, 6 February 2009
^ Jump up to: a b Daily Record, Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ Dominic Ponsford, "January ABCs: Standard losing sales at rate of 14.5%", Press Gazette, 6 February 2009
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Evening Standard, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Independent, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b John Frain, Introduction to Marketing, p.372
Jump up ^ Ivor Crewe, Brian Gosschalk, Political Communications, p.172
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Justin Fisher, D. T. Denver and John Benyon, Central Debates in British Politics, p.197
^ Jump up to: a b c d e United Newspapers PLC and Fleet Holdings PLC, Monopolies and Mergers Commission (1985), pp.5–16
^ Jump up to: a b c Tony Shaw, Eden, Suez and the Mass Media, p.197
Jump up ^ Crewe and Gosschalk give a figure of 3,660,756 for the Mirror and Record combined. This is an approximate figure found by subtracting the Record circulation given by Seawright and rounding to the nearest 100,000.
Jump up ^ David Seawright, An Important Matter of Principle, p.183
Jump up ^ Andreas H. Jucker, Social Stylistics, p.47
^ Jump up to: a b c James Curran et al., Impacts and Influences, p.29
^ Jump up to: a b c d British Political Facts 1900-1968, p.284
^ Jump up to: a b Samuel Rhoads and Enoch Lewis, Friends' Review, p.603
^ Jump up to: a b William Turner Coggeshall, The Newspaper Record, pp.87–89. Figures for newspapers published outside London are calculated from annual sales assuming 312 issues per year.
^ Jump up to: a b The Penny Cyclopaedia of the Society for the Difussion of Useful Knowledge, pp.195
^ Jump up to: a b c Viscount Camrose, British Newspapers and their Controllers
Jump up ^ "ABCs: National Sunday newspaper circulation January 2014", The Guardian, 14 February 2014
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-03-10. Retrieved 2012-03-12.
Jump up ^ Owen Amos, "January ABCs: Sindy slumps 25% with drops all round", Press Gazette, 6 February 2009
Jump up ^ "National Sunday newspaper circulations: January 2004", Media Guardian
Jump up ^ "National Sunday newspaper circulation January 2003", Media Guardian, 12 February 2003
Jump up ^ "National newspaper circulation: Sundays: January 2002", Media Guardian, 11 February 2002
^ Jump up to: a b News of the World, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Mail on Sunday, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Sunday Mirror, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Sunday Times, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Sunday Express, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Sunday Telegraph, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The People, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b Sunday Mail, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b The Observer, Audit Bureau of Circulations
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Sunday Post, Audit Bureau of Circulations. Note that circulation figures for the Sunday Post before October 2006 were given biannually; the figure given is that for the first half of the year in each case.
^ Jump up to: a b Independent on Sunday, Audit Bureau of Circulations
Jump up ^ "National Sunday newspaper circulation January 2005, Media Guardian
Jump up ^ The Political Quarterly 1935, pp.112–113
^ Jump up to: a b c D. T. Denver, Hugh Bochel, Scotland decides, p.79
Jump up ^ James G. Kellas, The Scottish Political System. Figures from 1981.
Jump up ^ James G. Kellas, The Scottish Political System. Figures from 1981.
Jump up ^ Dominic Ponsford, "UK regional dailies lose print sales by average of 12.5 per cent: Wigan Post and The National are biggest fallers", Press Gazette, 23 February 2017
Jump up ^ Andrew Pugh, "Regional ABCs: circulation falls on 83 of 86 dailies", Press Gazette, 31 August 2011
Jump up ^ Willings Press Guide Vol 1: UK (2007)
^ Jump up to: a b Colin Seymour-Ure, The British Press and Broadcasting since 1945, pp.274-276
^ Jump up to: a b ABC Net Sales 1939-1948
^ Jump up to: a b c "The capture of the tartan hordes", The Independent, 24 July 1995
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f James G. Kellas, The Scottish Political System. Figures from 1981.
^ Jump up to: a b c Bob Franklin, Pulling Newspapers Apart: Analysing Print Journalism, p.9. Figures for 1995.
[show]
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text:
Flag of the United Arab Emirates
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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United Arab Emirates
Use
National flag and state ensign
Proportion
1:2
Adopted
December 2, 1971
Design
A horizontal tricolour of green, white and black with a vertical 1⁄4-width red bar at the hoist
The flag of the United Arab Emirates (Arabic: علم دولة الإمارات العربية المتحدة) contains the Pan-Arab colors red, green, white, and black. It was adopted on December 2, 1971.
Merchant ships may fly the alternative civil ensign, a red flag with the national flag in the canton.
All emirates use the federal flag interchangeably as the flag of the emirate.
Contents
[hide]
1 Gallery
2 Flag of each emirate
2.1 Abu Dhabi
2.2 Dubai and Ajman
2.3 Fujairah
2.4 Ras al-Khaimah and Sharjah
2.5 Umm al-Quwain
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Gallery[edit]
Alternative civil ensign. (Flag ratio: 1:2)
Flag of the President of the United Arab Emirates
Flag of the President of the United Arab Emirates (1973-2008)
Flag of each emirate[edit]
Each of the seven emirates within the United Arab Emirates originally had a common red plain flag as each emirate's banner, the red banner represents the descension and allegiance to prophet Muhammad. In 1820, six out of the seven emirates signed the General treaty agreement with the British Empire which compelled them to be under the British Protectorate rule and protection in the region. A white segment was enforced to be added to the hoist of each emirate's flag.
Fujairah was the only emirate which did not sign the general treaty in 1820 with the British protectorate and therefore continued to use its plain red flag.[1]
Abu Dhabi[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2013)
Flag of Abu Dhabi
The flag of Abu Dhabi is an otherwise plain-red flag with a white canton, i.e. a small white rectangle in the upper hoist of the flag.[2]
Dubai and Ajman[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2013)
Flag of Ajman and Dubai
The flags of Ajman and Dubai are identical. They are both plain red with a white bar at the hoist, i.e. closest to the flag staff.[2]
Fujairah[edit]
Flag of Fujairah from 1952
Before 1952, the flag of Fujairah was plain red. Fujairah did not sign the general treaty in 1820 with the British protectorate and therefore is still using its red plain flag.[1] In 1952, the emirate's name was added to the flag, and a red flag with a white Arabic calligraphy of the emirate name was adopted as an ensign to distinguish it from the surrounding emirates.

Ras al-Khaimah and Sharjah[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2013)
Flag of Ras al-Khaimah and Sharjah
The flags of Ras al-Khaimah and Sharjah are identical as they are both ruled by two branches of the same house. They show a large red rectangle on a white background.
Umm al-Quwain[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (February 2013)
Flag of Umm al-Qaiwain
The Flag of Umm al-Quwain consists of a red background, a white bar at the hoist similar the flags of Ajman and Dubai, and a large white star and crescent in the center similar to the flag of Turkey.[2]
See also[edit]
Emblem of the United Arab Emirates
Trucial States
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Complete Flags of the World. Smithsonian Handbooks. 2008. p. 184. ISBN 978-0-7566-4115-3.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hawley, Donald. "The Trucial States". Twayne Publishers, New York, 1970. pp. 326-7.
External links[edit]
First raising of the flag on 2 December, 1971 (photo)
United Arab Emirates at Flags of the World
[show]
v
t
e
United Arab Emirates articles
History
Prehistory
Umm an-Nar Culture
Advent of Islam
Portuguese control
Trucial Sheikhs
British era
Pearling industry
The beginning of the oil era
Border disputes
Sheikh Zayed and the Union
Independence
Federation of Emirates
Post-independence
Trucial States
Death of Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan
Geography
Border disputes
Cities
Climate
Environmental concerns
Resources and land use
Towns and villages
Politics
Elections
2006 parliamentary
Emirates
rulers
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Foreign aid
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Human rights
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2 Suspended from Arab League since 2012
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates&oldid=814968601"
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values: علم الإمارات العربية المتحدة – Arabic

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values: Национално знаме на Обединените арабски емирства – Bulgarian

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values: Zastava Ujedinjenih Arapskih Emirata – Croatian

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values: דגל איחוד האמירויות הערביות – Hebrew

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values: Apvienoto Arābu Emirātu karogs – Latvian

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The Hunger Games
Series logo
Produced by
Nina Jacobson
Jon Kilik
Based on
The Hunger Games
by Suzanne Collins
Starring
Jennifer Lawrence
Josh Hutcherson
Liam Hemsworth
Woody Harrelson
Elizabeth Banks
Willow Shields
Paula Malcomson
Stanley Tucci
Donald Sutherland
Music by
James Newton Howard
Production
company
Color Force
Distributed by
Lionsgate
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$493 million
Box office
$2.968 billion
The Hunger Games film series consists of four science fiction dystopian adventure films based on The Hunger Games trilogy of novels, by the American author Suzanne Collins. Distributed by Lionsgate and produced by Nina Jacobson and Jon Kilik, it stars Jennifer Lawrence as Katniss Everdeen, Josh Hutcherson as Peeta Mellark, Liam Hemsworth as Gale Hawthorne, Woody Harrelson as Haymitch Abernathy, Elizabeth Banks as Effie Trinket, Stanley Tucci as Caesar Flickerman, and Donald Sutherland as President Snow. Gary Ross directed the first film, while Francis Lawrence directed the next three films.
The first three films set records at the box office. The Hunger Games (2012) set records for the opening day and the biggest opening weekend for a non-sequel film. The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013) set the record for biggest opening weekend in the month of November. The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014) had the largest opening day and weekend of 2014. The films, including The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015), received a positive reception from critics, with praise aimed at its themes and messages, as well as Jennifer Lawrence's portrayal of the main protagonist, Katniss Everdeen.
The Hunger Games is the 18th highest-grossing film franchise of all time, having grossed over US$2.9 billion worldwide.
Contents
[hide]
1 Development
2 Production
2.1 Directors
2.2 Scripts
2.3 Casting
2.4 Filming
3 Films
3.1 The Hunger Games (2012)
3.2 The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013)
3.3 The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014)
3.4 The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015)
4 Recurring cast and characters
5 Crew
6 Reception
6.1 Box office performance
6.2 Critical and public response
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Development[edit]
Following the release of Suzanne Collins' novel The Hunger Games, on September 14, 2008, Hollywood film studios began looking to adapt the book into film. In March 2009, Color Force, an independent studio founded by producer Nina Jacobson, bought the film rights to the book.[1]:12 Jacobson then sought out production company Lionsgate to help her produce the film.[2] Collins was also attached to adapt the novel; she began the first draft after completing the third novel in the series, Mockingjay (2010). The search for a director began in 2010 with three directors in the running; David Slade, Sam Mendes, and Gary Ross.[3] Ross was ultimately chosen to direct.[4] By the time Collins had finished the script, Ross decided to go through the script with Collins and screenwriter Billy Ray.
In October 2010, scripts were sent to the actors, and casting occurred between March and May 2011. The first role cast was of the protagonist, Katniss Everdeen. As many as 30 actresses were in talks to play the part, with Jennifer Lawrence, Hailee Steinfeld, Abigail Breslin, and Chloë Grace Moretz being mentioned most.[5] The role was given to Lawrence.[6]
The roles of Peeta Mellark, Katniss' fellow tribute, and Gale Hawthorne, her best friend, began casting later that month. Top contenders for Peeta included Josh Hutcherson, Alexander Ludwig (later cast as Cato), Hunter Parrish, Evan Peters, and Lucas Till.[7] Contenders for Gale included Robbie Amell, Liam Hemsworth, David Henrie, and Drew Roy.[7] On April 4, it was reported that Hemsworth had been cast as Gale, and Hutcherson had been cast as Peeta.[8]
Production[edit]
Filming for the franchise began on May 23, 2011 and finished on June 20, 2014.[1]:138
Suzanne Collins and Louise Rosner acted as executive producers on the first two films. Other executive producers of the first film include Robin Bissell and Shantal Feghali. Co-producers are Diana Alvarez, Martin Cohen, Louis Phillips, Bryan Unkeless, and Aldric La'auli Porter.[9] Color Force and Lionsgate collaborated on all four films. It was announced on November 1, 2012 that the studio had decided to split the final book, Mockingjay (2010), into two films: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014) and The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015), much like Harry Potter and the Deathly Hallows – Part 1 (2010) and 2 (2011), and The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 1 (2011) and 2 (2012).[10]
Directors[edit]
Gary Ross directed the first film (The Hunger Games), and despite initially stating otherwise on April 10, 2012, Lionsgate announced that Ross would not return to direct the sequel.[11] On April 19, 2012, it was confirmed that Francis Lawrence would direct the sequel instead, and on November 1, 2012, it was confirmed that he would return and direct the final two films in the series, based on the novel Mockingjay.[12][13]
Scripts[edit]
Suzanne Collins began adapting the first book to film after she finished writing Mockingjay. Collins had experience in writing screenplays after writing Clifford's Puppy Days and other children's television shows. When Gary Ross was announced as director for the film in 2010, he began to work with Collins and veteran writer Billy Ray to bring the novel to life. The script was large and resulted in a two-hour and 20 minute film.
After Francis Lawrence took over as director, he brought in Simon Beaufoy and Michael Arndt to write the script for Catching Fire.[14]
The final two films of the series were written by Danny Strong and Peter Craig.[15]
Casting[edit]
Once the three leads were cast, casting shifted to the other tributes. Jack Quaid was cast as Marvel, Leven Rambin as Glimmer, Amandla Stenberg as Rue, and Dayo Okeniyi as Thresh.[16] Alexander Ludwig (who auditioned for Peeta) was cast as Cato, Isabelle Fuhrman (who auditioned for Katniss) as Clove,[17] and Jacqueline Emerson as Foxface.[18] Following the casting of tributes, the adult cast began to come together. Elizabeth Banks was cast as Effie Trinket, the District 12 escort.[19] Woody Harrelson was cast as Haymitch Abernathy, District 12's mentor.[20] Lenny Kravitz was cast as Cinna, Katniss' stylist.[21] Wes Bentley was cast as game maker Seneca Crane.[22] Stanley Tucci was cast as Caesar Flickerman, Panem's celebrity host.[23] Donald Sutherland was cast as Coriolanus Snow, Panem's President.[24] Willow Shields was cast as Primrose Everdeen, Katniss' younger sister.[25]
In July 2012, the cast for the second film was announced. Jena Malone would play Johanna Mason.[26] Philip Seymour Hoffman would play Plutarch Heavensbee,[27] Sam Claflin would play Finnick Odair.[28] It was later announced that Jeffrey Wright was cast as Beetee, Alan Ritchson as Gloss, Lynn Cohen as Mags, and Amanda Plummer as Wiress.
In August and September 2013, it was revealed that Stef Dawson would play Annie Cresta,[29] Natalie Dormer would play Cressida,[30] Evan Ross would play Messalla, and Julianne Moore would play President Alma Coin[31] in the final two films.
Filming[edit]
Principal photography for The Hunger Games began on May 24, 2011 and concluded on September 15, 2011. The entirety of filming for the first movie took place in North Carolina including the following cities; Asheville, Barnardsville, Black Mountain, Cedar Mountain, Charlotte, Concord, Hildebran and Shelby.[32] All of the Games scenes were filmed on location. All of the Capitol scenes were filmed in a studio in Shelby and Charlotte, North Carolina.
Principal photography for The Hunger Games: Catching Fire began on September 10, 2012 in Atlanta, Georgia[33] and concluded in April 2013. In November 2012, production moved to Hawaii to film the arena scenes. Filming took a Christmas break before filming resumed for two weeks in mid-January. In March 2013, the film went back to Hawaii for re-shoots.[34] Atlanta was used for all the Capitol scenes, Hawaii for the arena scenes, and Oakland, New Jersey for District 12 scenes.
Principal photography for The Hunger Games: Mockingjay began on September 23, 2013[35] and concluded on June 20, 2014. The majority of filming for the Mockingjay films was filmed in soundstages in a studio in Atlanta, until April 18, 2014. Production then moved to Paris, France, with filming beginning there on May 5, 2014.
Philip Seymour Hoffman, who portrays Plutarch Heavensbee, was found dead on February 2, 2014. At the time of his death, he had completed filming his scenes for The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 and had a week left of shooting for Part 2. Lionsgate released a statement stating that, since the majority of Hoffman’s scenes were completed, the release date for Part 2 would not be affected.[36][37]
Films[edit]
The Hunger Games (2012)[edit]
Main article: The Hunger Games (film)
Every year, in the ruins of what was once North America, the Capitol of the nation of Panem forces each of its 12 districts to send a teenage boy and girl, between the ages of 12 and 18, to compete in the Hunger Games: a nationally televised event in which 'tributes' fight each other within an arena, until one survivor remains. When Primrose Everdeen is 'reaped', her older sister Katniss Everdeen volunteers in her place to enter the games and is forced to rely upon her sharp instincts when she's pitted against highly trained tributes.
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire (2013)[edit]
Main article: The Hunger Games: Catching Fire
Along with fellow District 12 victor Peeta Mellark, Katniss Everdeen returns home safely after winning the 74th Annual Hunger Games. Winning means that they must leave their loved ones behind and embark on a Victory Tour throughout the districts. Along the way Katniss senses a rebellion simmering - one that she and Peeta may have sparked - but the Capitol is still in control as President Snow prepares the 75th Hunger Games - the Quarter Quell - that could change Panem forever.
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 (2014)[edit]
Main article: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1
Katniss Everdeen finds herself in District 13 after she destroys the games forever. Under the leadership of President Alma Coin and the advice of her trusted friends, Katniss spreads her wings as she fights to save Peeta, along with other victors and a nation moved by her courage.
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 (2015)[edit]
Main article: The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2
Realizing the stakes are no longer just for survival, Katniss Everdeen teams up with her closest friends and allies, including Peeta, Gale, and Finnick, for the ultimate mission. Together, they leave District 13 to liberate the citizens of war-torn Panem and assassinate President Snow.
Recurring cast and characters[edit]
See also: List of The Hunger Games characters and List of The Hunger Games cast members
List indicator(s)
This table only includes characters which have appeared in more than one film in the series.
A dark grey cell indicates the character was not in the film.
Character
Films
The Hunger Games
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2
Katniss Everdeen
Jennifer Lawrence
Peeta Mellark
Josh Hutcherson
Gale Hawthorne
Liam Hemsworth
Haymitch Abernathy
Woody Harrelson
Effie Trinket
Elizabeth Banks
President Coriolanus Snow
Donald Sutherland
Caesar Flickerman
Stanley Tucci
Primrose Everdeen
Willow Shields
Mrs. Everdeen
Paula Malcomson
Cinna
Lenny Kravitz
Plutarch Heavensbee
Philip Seymour Hoffman
Beetee Latier
Jeffrey Wright
Finnick Odair
Sam Claflin
Johanna Mason
Jena Malone
Annie Cresta
Stef Dawson
President Alma Coin
Julianne Moore
Boggs
Mahershala Ali
Cressida
Natalie Dormer
Commander Paylor
Patina Miller
Crew[edit]
Role
Films
The Hunger Games
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2
Director
Gary Ross Francis Lawrence
Producer
Nina Jacobson
Jon Kilik
Writer
Suzanne Collins
Gary Ross
Billy Ray Simon Beaufoy
Michael Arndt Danny Strong
Peter Craig
Composer
James Newton Howard
Cinematographer
Tom Stern Jo Willems
Editor
Stephen Mirrione
Juliette Welfling Alan Edward Bell Alan Edward Bell
Mark Yoshikawa
Reception[edit]
Box office performance[edit]
Film
Release date
Box office gross
Box office ranking
Production budget
Ref(s)
North America
Other territories
Worldwide
All time
North America
All time
worldwide
The Hunger Games March 23, 2012 (2012-03-23) $408,010,692 $286,384,032 $694,394,724 25 105 $78 million [38]
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire November 22, 2013 (2013-11-22) $424,668,047 $440,343,699 $865,011,746 18 59 $130 million [39]
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 November 21, 2014 (2014-11-21) $337,135,885 $418,220,826 $755,356,711 48 86 $125 million [40]
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 November 20, 2015 (2015-11-20) $281,723,902 $371,704,359 $653,428,261 88 117 $160 million [41]
Total
[42]
$7009145153852600000♠1,451,538,526
$7009151665291600000♠1,516,652,916
$7009296819144200000♠2,968,191,442
$493 million
All the Hunger Games films finished first at the North American box office during both their opening and second weekend.[43][44][45] In North America, The Hunger Games film series is the second highest-grossing film series based on young adult books, after the Harry Potter series, earning over $1.4 billion.[46] Worldwide, it is the third highest-grossing film series based on young-adult books after the film series of Harry Potter and The Twilight Saga, respectively, having grossed over $2.9 billion.[47] In North America, it is the eighth highest-grossing film franchise of all time.[48] Worldwide, it is the 15th or 16th highest-grossing film franchise of all time.[49][50]
Critical and public response[edit]
Film
Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic
CinemaScore
The Hunger Games 84% (282 reviews)[51] 68 (49 reviews)[52] A[53]
The Hunger Games: Catching Fire 89% (259 reviews)[54] 76 (49 reviews)[55] A[53]
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 1 65% (252 reviews)[56] 64 (46 reviews)[57] A-[53]
The Hunger Games: Mockingjay – Part 2 70% (250 reviews)[58] 65 (44 reviews)[59] A-[53]
All The Hunger Games films received a "Fresh Rating" in the review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, with the first two films receiving a "Certified Rating" stub.[60]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Egan, Kate (2012). The Hunger Games: The Official Illustrated Movie Companion. Scholastic. ISBN 0-545-45239-2.
Jump up ^ "Lionsgate picks up Hunger Games". Reuters. March 17, 2009. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
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Jump up ^ "Gary Ross to Direct The Hunger Games". ScreenCrave.com. September 14, 2010. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Hunger Games': Jennifer Lawrence, Saoirse Ronan, Chloe Moretz, Emma Roberts, and more up for Katniss". Inside Movies. March 3, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jennifer Lawrence Gets Lead Role in 'The Hunger Games'". The Wrap. March 16, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b "Lionsgate Testing Actors to Star in 'Hunger Games' Opposite Jennifer Lawrence". The Hollywood Reporter. March 25, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games Casts Liam Hemsworth and Josh Hutcherson, but for Which Parts?". E Online. April 4, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games (2012) - Full Cast & Crew - IMDb". IMDb. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Francis Lawrence To Direct Both 'Mockingjay' Films". MTV. November 1, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Hunger Games Sequel Shakeup! Gary Ross Officially Not Directing Catching Fire". E Online. April 10, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Director Francis Lawrence Chosen For 'Catching Fire' Sequel To 'Hunger Games'". Deadline. April 19, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Exclusive: Francis Lawrence to Direct Remainder of THE HUNGER GAMES Franchise with Two-Part Adaptation of MOCKINGJAY′". Collider.com. November 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Hunger Games Sequel Officially Titled The Hunger Games: Catching Fire". ComingSoon.net. May 24, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Mockingjay':Danny Strong Hired To Write 'Hunger Games' Finale". The Huffington Post. October 1, 2012. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Hunger Games' Casts Two More Tributes". The Hollywood Reporter. April 19, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games Adds Final Two Tributes To Huge Young Cast". E Online. May 11, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Even More Newbies Joining The Hunger Games as Tributes". E Online. April 29, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Elizabeth Banks Signs On To 'The Hunger Games'". MTV. April 28, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Hunger Games' Adds Woody Harrelson To Cast". MTV. May 10, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Lenny Kravitz joins "The Hunger Games" cast". CBS News. May 24, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Wes Bentley lands role of Seneca Crane in 'Hunger Games'". The Hollywood Reporter. May 5, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Stanley Tucci Cast As Caesar Flickerman In The Hunger Games". Cinema Blend. May 9, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Hunger Games' Snags Donald Sutherland as Evil President". The Wrap. May 31, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Willow Shields Cast as Primrose Everdeen in The Hunger Games". E Online. April 20, 2011. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Jena Malone Chosen as Tribute for 'Catching Fire' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. July 3, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Philip Seymour Hoffman Cast As Plutarch Heavensbee In THE HUNGER GAMES: CATCHING FIRE". AMC Theatres. September 4, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Catching Fire' Casts Sam Claflin As Finnick". MTV. August 22, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "OFFICIAL: Stef Dawson Cast as Annie Cresta for 'Mockingjay' Movies". Mockingjay.net. August 26, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "OFFICIAL: Game of Thrones Actress Natalie Dormer Cast as Cressida". Mockingjay.net. August 22, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "'The Hunger Games: Mockingjay' casts Evan Ross as Messalla". Hypable. August 27, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Hunger Games Movie Film Locations". www.romanticasheville.com. Retrieved 2016-02-04.
Jump up ^ ""The Hunger Games: Catching Fire" officially begins production in Georgia". Reel Georgia. September 10, 2012. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Filming of 'Catching Fire' to resume after the Oscars". BiblioFiend. February 9, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ "No Rest For Jennifer Lawrence! The Hunger Games: Mockingjay Parts 1 & 2 To Begin Filming In September". Entertainment Wise. April 8, 2013. Retrieved December 21, 2013.
Jump up ^ Celona, Larry; Bruce Golding (February 2, 2014). "Philip Seymour Hoffman found dead with needle in arm: cops". New York Post. Retrieved February 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ Sullivan, Kevin P. (February 2, 2014). "'Hunger Games' Studio Reacts To Philip Seymour Hoffman Death". MTV. Retrieved 3 February 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games (2012)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 5, 2015.
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Jump up ^ "The Hunger Gamesat the Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
Jump up ^ Brevet, Brad (November 22, 2015). "'Mockingjay Part 2' Creeps Over $100 Million for First Place Finish". Retrieved November 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ Brevet, Brad (November 26, 2015). "Pixar's 'Dinosaur' and 'Creed' Look To Take a Bite Out of 'Mockingjay' This Thanksgiving". Retrieved December 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ Brevet, Brad (November 29, 2015). "'Mockingjay' #1 On Thanksgiving, 'Creed' & 'Good Dinosaur' Feasts on Seconds". Retrieved December 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Young-Adult Book Adaptations Movies at the Box Office". Retrieved December 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Maze Runner Moviesat the Box Office". Retrieved November 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Movie Franchises and Brands Index". Retrieved December 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Movie Franchises (sort: World) / The Numbers
Jump up ^ "Lionsgate - The Hunger Games Movies". Retrieved September 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games". Rotten Tomatoes (Flixster). Retrieved November 19, 2015.
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^ Jump up to: a b c d "Cinemascore". Cinemascore.com. CinemaScore. Retrieved February 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire". Rotten Tomatoes (Flixster). Retrieved November 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games: Catching Fire Reviews". Metacritic (CBS). Retrieved December 3, 2013.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games: Mockingjay - Part 1". Rotten Tomatoes (Flixster). Retrieved November 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Hunger Games: Mockingjay - Part 1 Reviews". Metacritic (CBS). Retrieved December 3, 2013.
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Further reading[edit]
Heldman, Caroline; Frankel, Laura Lazarus; Holmes, Jennifer (April–June 2016). ""Hot, black leather, whip" The (de)evolution of female protagonists in action cinema, 1960–2014". Sexualization, Media, and Society. Sage. 2 (2): 8–10. doi:10.1177/2374623815627789. Pdf.
External links[edit]
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values: Die Tribute von Panem (Filmreihe) – German

values: Anexo:Películas de Los juegos del hambre – Spanish

values: The Hunger Games (serie de filmes) – Galician

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