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The X Factor (UK series 14)
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The X Factor
Series 14
Broadcast from
2 September (2017-09-02) – 3 December 2017 (2017-12-03)
Judges
Simon Cowell
Sharon Osbourne
Louis Walsh
Nicole Scherzinger
Alesha Dixon (guest)
Presenter(s)
Dermot O'Leary
Co-presenter(s)
Becca Dudley (ITV Hub)
Stacey Solomon (Live final)
George Shelley (Live final)
Broadcaster
ITV
ITV Hub (Xtra Bites)
Finals venue
ExCeL London[1]
Winner
Rak-Su
Origin
Watford
Song
"Dimelo (featuring Wyclef Jean and Naughty Boy)"
Genre(s)
Rap, Soul
Mentor
Simon Cowell
Runner-up
Grace Davies
Chronology
◀
2017
▶
The X Factor is a British television music competition to find new singing talent. The fourteenth series began airing on ITV on 2 September 2017, presented by Dermot O'Leary. For the first time in seven years, the judging panel remained the same as the previous series, with Simon Cowell, Sharon Osbourne, Nicole Scherzinger and Louis Walsh returning.[2] This is the first series not to include companion show The Xtra Factor, after it was cancelled in January 2017.[3] Its replacement is a programme called Xtra Bites presented by Becca Dudley on the ITV Hub. This is also the first series to be sponsored by Just Eat, with the show having being sponsored by TalkTalk since 2009,[4] as well as the second time the show has premiered in September, rather than August, since the first series in 2004.[5] Rak-Su won the competition on 3 December 2017 and they became the second group to win the competition and Simon Cowell became the winning mentor for the fourth time.
Contents
[hide]
1 Judges and presenters
2 Selection process
2.1 Auditions
2.1.1 Mobile auditions
2.1.2 Judges' auditions
2.2 Bootcamp
2.3 Six-chair challenge
2.4 Judges' houses
3 Finalists
4 Live shows
4.1 Musical guests
4.2 Results summary
4.3 Live show details
4.3.1 Week 1 (28/29 October)
4.3.2 Week 2 (4/5 November)
4.3.3 Week 3 (11/12 November)
4.3.4 Week 4 (18/19 November)
4.3.5 Week 5: Semi-final (25/26 November)
4.3.6 Week 6: Final (2/3 December)
5 Winner's single
6 Reception
6.1 Ratings
7 References
8 External links
Judges and presenters[edit]
Series 14 judges
Simon Cowell
Sharon Osbourne
Louis Walsh
Nicole Scherzinger
In December 2016, Louis Walsh confirmed he would continue to judge the series through 2018, stating he had signed through "the next two years".[6] That same month, both Sharon Osbourne and Nicole Scherzinger cast doubt on their return, with Osbourne citing her dual-work on The Talk, and Scherzinger stating: "I can't confirm that I'm going to [be back] but I think if I did return it would have to be with this panel because I'm really close with this panel. [...] I've really enjoyed myself and we're really close."[7][8] On 13 April 2017, Cowell announced his intentions to retain the same judging panel for the fourteenth series.[9] In June 2017, it was announced that the judging panel would remain the same as the previous series.[2]
Dermot O'Leary returned for his tenth series as presenter. On 23 June 2017, it was announced that Britain's Got Talent judge Alesha Dixon would appear as a guest judge for the first day of Manchester auditions, due to Scherzinger having a "previous diary commitment".[10] Five days later, on 28 June, it was announced that Dixon would once again appear as a guest judge, this time for Osbourne, who was unavailable due to a long-standing back injury.[11] Cowell arrived late to 4 July 2017, auditions in London, due to an illness.[12] On 29 October 2017, Dixon reappeared as a guest judge on the Sunday live show, this time filling in for Cowell, who was absent recovering from an injury during the weekend. This is Nicole Scherzinger's final series to date as she won't return for the 2018 series.
Selection process[edit]
On 4 July, it was reported that there would be major changes to the show this year. Auditions are taking place in Thorpe Park, bootcamp would take place in front of an audience and there would be six weeks of live shows instead of the usual ten. Additionally, acts would be sent home on both Saturday and Sunday, as "tedious" Saturday nights received lower viewing figures than Sunday.[13]
Auditions[edit]
The minimum age to audition this year was 14 after being reduced down from 16 the previous year.[14] Contestants needed a "yes" from at least three of the four judges to progress to Bootcamp.
Mobile auditions[edit]
The mobile auditions began on 11 May 2017, in Belfast and concluded on 23 May 2017, in Yeovil.[citation needed]
Summary of mobile auditions
Location
Date(s)
Venue
Belfast 11 May 2017 Victoria Square Shopping Centre
Bangor 12 May 2017 Deninol Shopping Centre
Southampton 13 May 2017 West Quay Shopping Centre
Douglas 14 May 2017 The Strand Shopping Centre
Swansea Bambuu Nightclub
Blackpool 16 May 2017 Houndshill Shopping Centre
Bournemouth Obscura Cafe
Bristol Cabot Circus
Carlisle 17 May 2017 The Lanes Shopping Centre
Brighton Churchill Square Shopping Centre
Truro The Boat
Newport 19 May 2017 Quay Arts Centre
Wigan The Grand Arcade Shopping Centre
Plymouth Plymouth Pavilions
Margate 20 May 2017 Westwood Cross
21 May 2017
Stoke on Trent 22 May 2017 Victoria Hall
Exeter Princesshay Centre
Thurrock 23 May 2017 Lakeside Shopping Centre
Yeovil Quedam Centre
Judges' auditions[edit]
The auditions began on 20 June 2017, in Liverpool and concluded on 10 July 2017, in Surrey.[citation needed]
Summary of judges' auditions
City
Date(s)
Venue
Changes to judging line-up
Liverpool 20–21 June 2017 Titanic Hotel N/A
Manchester 24 June 2017 Old Trafford Cricket Ground Alesha Dixon (in lieu of Nicole Scherzinger)
25 June 2017 N/A
Edinburgh 28 June 2017 Assembly Rooms Alesha Dixon (in lieu of Sharon Osbourne)
London 4–6 July 2017 Tobacco Dock N/A
Surrey 9–10 July 2017 Thorpe Park
Bootcamp[edit]
Bootcamp was filmed live at The SSE Arena, Wembley in front of a studio audience.[15] Following the filming of bootcamp and prior to the filming of the six-chair challenge, the judges' categories were revealed. Cowell was given the Groups, Scherzinger was given the Overs, Osbourne was given the Girls and Walsh was given the Boys.[16] There are two different stages to Bootcamp: Wall of Songs, where a list of songs appeared on a wall 4 times, and the four acts who pick the same song would perform it together, and the judges would decide instantly who would make to the 2nd stage of bootcamp: the Boot camp audition, I front of the judges and a live audience, where after an act performance the judges will instantly decide whether or not they'll make it through to the 6-Chair Challenge.
Six-chair challenge[edit]
The six-chair challenge took place over the course of two days, from 26 to 28 July 2017, at The SSE Arena, Wembley.[17] Unlike previous years, where all four judges sat together, each judge was secluded on their own while their respective category performed. The three remaining judges sat together and gave their own critiques of the performance, before allowing the category's judge to make the final decision.[16][18] It was broadcast over three episodes; Osbourne choosing in the first, Cowell and Scherzinger choosing in the second, with later portions of her decisions shown, alongside Walsh's, in the third.[19]
Judges' houses[edit]
The judges' categories were announced in July 2017,[16] with additional details of the judges' houses announced in October 2017.[20][21][22] Anthony Russell withdrew after the pre-recorded sections of the show and was replaced by Sam Black who was knocked out of the competition at the Bootcamp stage. Black was in Walsh's Boys category.[23] In a statement, Walsh stated, "Anthony has been fantastic across the series, a great singer and performer who we are really sad to see go. I had to think for a long time who could take the place. Sam had a great reaction from the British public when his Audition aired. So I re-watched it and realised we missed a trick not putting him through at Boot Camp. He has that retro 60s style viewers will love. He's really likeable and talented and I can't wait to hear more."[24] At the end of judges' houses, it was announced that the public could vote for a wildcard from each category bringing the total amount of contestants for the live shows to 16.[25]
Summary of judges' houses
Judge
Category
Location
Assistants
Contestants eliminated
Wildcards
Cowell
Groups Southern France Cheryl Lemonade, New Girl Band Jack and Joel
Osbourne
Girls San Francisco Jack and Kelly Osbourne Deanna Mussington, Georgina Panton Alisah Bonaobra
Scherzinger
Overs South Africa Stormzy Slavko Kalezić, Berget Lewis Talia Dean
Walsh
Boys Istanbul Mika Aidan Martin, Jack Mason Leon Mallett
Finalists[edit]
Main article: List of The X Factor finalists (UK series 14)
Key:
– Winner
– Runner-up
– Third place
Category (mentor)
Acts
Boys (Walsh)
Sam Black Lloyd Macey Leon Mallett Spencer Sutherland
Girls (Osbourne)
Alisah Bonaobra Grace Davies Holly Tandy Rai-Elle Williams
Overs (Scherzinger)
Talia Dean Tracyleanne Jefford Matt Linnen Kevin Davy White
Groups (Cowell)
The Cutkelvins Jack and Joel Rak-Su Sean and Conor Price
Live shows[edit]
The finalists for the live shows were announced during the episode broadcast on 22 October 2017. However, at the end of the episode, it was announced by Dermot O'Leary that there would be a wildcard vote for each category. The winners of the wildcard vote were revealed on 28 October at the start of the first live show.[26]
For the first time since series six, a major overhaul of the set layout was made as live shows debuted in a new filming location, LH2 Studios in London. Numerous other changes were introduced for this series' live shows. This included contestant and musical guest performances on both Saturday and Sunday shows, and the removal of the sing-offs, deadlocks and judges' votes on the Sunday show. Each show, two of the categories would sing and immediately after the performances, the public vote would open for a short amount of time. At the end of each show, the contestant with the fewest votes is automatically eliminated from the competition. In addition, the contestant with the highest votes for that night would also be announced.[27] The two acts who won their respective public vote would then sing against each other in a new element of the show called the prize fight. After another public vote, the winner of the prize fight would win a special weekly prize.[28] For the first time ever the live final will broadcast from the Excel Centre, London and not Wembley Arena as part of the show's drastic changes this series.[29]
Musical guests[edit]
Liam Payne performed on the first live show, while Stormzy performed on the second live show.[30] Tokio Myers performed on the third live show, while Rita Ora performed on the fourth.[31] Harry Styles performed on the fifth live show and Paloma Faith performed on the sixth.[32] Matt Terry performed on the seventh live show and Fergie performed on the eighth.[33] James Arthur performed on the first semi final and Ed Sheeran performed on the second.[34] PrettyMuch[35] and Louis Tomlinson[36] performed on Saturday's final, while P!NK, Sam Smith,[37] CNCO and Little Mix[38] performed during the Sunday final.
Results summary[edit]
Colour key
– Contestant received the fewest public votes and was immediately eliminated
– Contestant received the most public votes
Weekly results per contestant[39]
Contestant
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
Saturday
Sunday
Saturday
Sunday
Saturday
Sunday
Saturday
Sunday
Saturday
Sunday
Saturday
Sunday
Rak-Su
N/A 1st
22.2% 1st
32.3% N/A 2nd
25.7% N/A 1st
36.7% N/A 1st
26.1% 1st
27.3% 1st
41.7% Winner
51.7%1
Grace Davies
1st
21.9% N/A N/A 2nd
18.5% N/A 2nd
20.1% N/A 1st
26.1% 4th
17.2% 2nd
26.0% 2nd
35.4% Runner-up
40.1%1
Kevin Davy White
N/A 4th
11.1% N/A 1st
21.9% 1st
25.8% N/A N/A 3rd
21.4% 2nd
19.5% 3rd
18.9% 3rd
22.9% Eliminated
(week 6)
Lloyd Macey
3rd
15.0% N/A 3rd
14.4% N/A N/A 1st
26.4% 2nd
22.8% N/A 3rd
19.2% 4th
18.2% Eliminated
(week 5)
The Cutkelvins
N/A 2nd
17.3% 2nd
15.1% N/A 4th
13.5% N/A 3rd
18.9% N/A 5th
10.1% 5th
9.6% Eliminated
(week 5)
Matt Linnen
N/A 3rd
11.9% N/A 5th
13.6% 3rd
14.1% N/A N/A 2nd
22.5% 6th
7.9% Eliminated
(week 5)
Holly Tandy
2nd
15.9% N/A N/A 3rd
15.4% N/A 3rd
19.7% N/A 4th
16.1% Eliminated
(week 4)
Rai-Elle Williams
5th
11.5% N/A N/A 4th
14.3% N/A 4th
14.4% N/A 5th
13.9% Eliminated
(week 4)
Sean and Conor Price
N/A 5th
10.6% 5th
10.6% N/A 5th
11.2% N/A 4th
15.4% Eliminated
(week 4)
Sam Black
7th
8.5% N/A 4th
12.5% N/A N/A 5th
11.1% 5th
6.2% Eliminated
(week 4)
Alisah Bonaobra
4th
11.8% N/A N/A 6th
9.5% N/A 6th
8.3% Eliminated
(week 3)
Jack and Joel
N/A 7th
9.2% 6th
8.6% N/A 6th
9.7% Eliminated
(week 3)
Tracyleanne Jefford
N/A 6th
10.3% N/A 7th
6.8% Eliminated
(week 2)
Leon Mallett
6th
9.3% N/A 7th
6.5% Eliminated
(week 2)
Talia Dean
N/A 8th
7.4% Eliminated
(week 1)
Spencer Sutherland
8th
6.1% Eliminated
(week 1)
Prize fight
Winner
Grace Davies
53.5% to win Kevin Davy White
53.6% to win Lloyd Macey
64.3% to win Rak-Su
61.5% to win No prize fight
Runner-up
Rak-Su
46.5% to win Rak-Su
46.4% to win Kevin Davy White
35.7% to win Grace Davies
38.5% to win
Eliminated
Spencer Sutherland
6.1%
to save Talia Dean
7.4%
to save Leon Mallett
6.5%
to save Tracyleanne Jefford
6.8%
to save Jack and Joel
9.7%
to save Alisah Bonaobra
8.3%
to save Sam Black
6.2%
to save Rai-Elle Williams
13.9%
to save Matt Linnen
7.9%
to save The Cutkelvins
9.6%
to save Kevin Davy White
22.9%
to win Grace Davies
40.1%
to win
Sean and Conor Price
15.4%
to save Holly Tandy
16.1%
to save Lloyd Macey
18.2%
to save
Reference(s)
[40] [41] [42] [43] [44] [45] [46] [47] [48] [49] [50] [51]
^1 The voting percentages in week 6 for Sunday do not add up to 100%, owing to the freezing of votes. Kevin Davy White received 8.2% of the final vote.[39]
Live show details[edit]
Week 1 (28/29 October)[edit]
Theme: "Express Yourself"[52]
Prize: Trip to New York, meet and greet with Pink at Madison Square Garden[28]
Musical guests:
Saturday: Liam Payne ("Bedroom Floor")
Sunday: Stormzy & Labrinth (“Blinded by Your Grace, Pt. 2”)
The wildcards were revealed at the start of Saturday's show.[53]
Cowell missed the Saturday and Sunday show, due to recovery from falling down the stairs the morning before.[54] Alesha Dixon filled in as a guest judge on Sunday.[55]
Contestants' performances on the first and second live shows
28 October
Act
Order
Song[52]
Result
Rai-Elle Williams
1 "Doo Wop (That Thing)" / "Lost Ones" / "No" Safe
Spencer Sutherland
2 "Who You Are" Eliminated
Holly Tandy
3 "Hollow" Safe
Leon Mallett
4 "Stay" Safe
Alisah Bonaobra
5 "This Is My Now” Safe
Sam Black
6 "Faith" Safe
Grace Davies
7 "Too Young" (original song) Won public vote
Lloyd Macey
8 "City of Stars" Safe
29 October
The Cutkelvins
1 "What About Us" Safe
Kevin Davy White
2 "Stay" Safe
Talia Dean
3 “What Makes You Beautiful” Eliminated
Jack and Joel
4 “New Rules” Safe
Matt Linnen
5 "Scars to Your Beautiful" Safe
Sean and Conor Price
6 "Strong" Safe
Tracyleanne Jefford
7 "Written in the Water" Safe
Rak-Su
8 "Mamacita" (original song) Won public vote
Prize fight details
Grace Davies
1 “Too Young” Winner
Rak-Su
2 "Mamacita" Runners-up
Week 2 (4/5 November)[edit]
Theme: "Viva Latino"[56]
Prize: Recording session with a Grammy awarded producer
Musical guests:
Saturday: Tokio Myers ("Angel")
Sunday: Rita Ora ("Anywhere")
Contestants' performances on the third and fourth live shows
4 November
Act
Order
Song[56]
Result
Jack and Joel
1 "Havana"/"Hasta el Amanecer" Safe
Leon Mallett
2 "Get Lucky" Eliminated
Sean and Conor Price
3 "Cheap Thrills" Safe
Lloyd Macey
4 "Hero" Safe
The Cutkelvins
5 "Reggaetón Lento (Bailemos)" Safe
Rak-Su
6 "Dimelo" (original song) Won public vote
Sam Black
7 "La Bamba"/"Twist and Shout" Safe
5 November
Grace Davies
1 "Ciao Adios" Safe
Tracyleanne Jefford
2 "Ain't Your Mama" Eliminated
Rai-Elle Williams
3 "Bailando" Safe
Holly Tandy
4 "Despacito" Safe
Kevin Davy White
5 "Smooth" Won public vote
Alisah Bonaobra
6 "Let's Get Loud" Safe
Matt Linnen
7 "Livin' la Vida Loca" Safe
Prize fight details
Rak-Su
1 "Dimelo" Runners-up
Kevin Davy White
2 "Smooth" Winner
Week 3 (11/12 November)[edit]
Theme: "George Michael"[57]
Prize: Open for Little Mix at Manchester Arena on 21 November 2017
Musical guests:[32]
Saturday: Harry Styles ("Kiwi")
Sunday: Paloma Faith ("Guilty")
Contestants' performances on the fifth and sixth live shows
11 November
Act
Order
Song[57]
Result
Rak-Su
1 "Faith" Safe
Matt Linnen
2 "Careless Whisper" Safe
Jack and Joel
3 "The Edge of Heaven" Eliminated
The Cutkelvins
4 "Killer/ Papa Was a Rollin' Stone" Safe
Sean and Conor Price
5 "Freedom! '90" Safe
Kevin Davy White
6 "Fastlove, Pt. 1" Won public vote
12 November
Alisah Bonaobra
1 "Praying for Time" Eliminated
Sam Black
2 "I'm Your Man" Safe
Grace Davies
3 "I Can’t Make You Love Me" Safe
Rai-Elle Williams
4 "They Won't Go When I Go" Safe
Lloyd Macey
5 "A Different Corner" Won public vote
Holly Tandy
6 "One More Try" Safe
Prize fight details
Kevin Davy White
1 "Fastlove, Pt. 1" Runner-up
Lloyd Macey
2 "A Different Corner" Winner
Week 4 (18/19 November)[edit]
Theme: "Crazy in Love"[58]
Prize: Record own song with Ali Tamposi
Musical guests:[33]
Saturday: Matt Terry ("The Thing About Love")
Sunday: Fergie ("Save It Til Morning")
Contestants' performances on the seventh and eighth live shows
18 November
Act
Order
Song[58]
Result
Sam Black
1 "Oops" Eliminated
Sean and Conor Price
2 "Issues" Eliminated
The Cutkelvins
3 "Saved Me From Myself" (original song) Safe
Lloyd Macey
4 "From This Moment On" Safe
Rak-Su
5 "Mona Lisa" (original song) Won public vote
19 November
Rai-Elle Williams
1 "Mr. Big Stuff" Eliminated
Kevin Davy White
2 "I Will Always Love You" Safe
Matt Linnen
3 "Fallin'" Safe
Holly Tandy
4 "Love Me Harder" Eliminated
Grace Davies
5 "Hesitate" (original song) Won public vote
Prize fight details
Rak-Su
1 "Mona Lisa" Winner
Grace Davies
2 "Hesitate" Runner-up
Week 5: Semi-final (25/26 November)[edit]
O'Leary confirmed that there wouldn't be a Prize fight from this week onwards and all the categories would perform on the same night for first time this series.[59]
25 November
Theme: "Cool Britannia”;[60]
Musical guest: James Arthur ("Naked")[34]
Contestants' performances on the ninth live show
Act
Order
Song
Result
The Cutkelvins
1 "Nothing Like You" (original song) Safe
Matt Linnen
2 "Gimme Shelter" Eliminated
Grace Davies
3 "Life on Mars?" Safe
Rak-Su
4 "Flowers" Safe
Lloyd Macey
5 "Don't Let the Sun Go Down on Me" Safe
Kevin Davy White
6 "Come Together" Safe
26 November
Theme: “Get Me to the Final"[61]
Musical guest: Ed Sheeran ("Perfect")[34]
Contestants' performances on the tenth live show
Act
Order
Song
Result
Lloyd Macey
1 "Fix You" Eliminated
Rak-Su
2 "I'm Feeling You" (original song) Safe
The Cutkelvins
3 "Show Me Love" Eliminated
Kevin Davy White
4 "Voodoo Child (Slight Return)" Safe
Grace Davies
5 "Wolves" (original song) Safe
Week 6: Final (2/3 December)[edit]
It was revealed on 2 December that the winners' single this year would be the contestants' duet.[62]
2 December
Theme: "No theme";[63] "Celebrity duets/Winner's single"[62]
Musical guests: Pete Tong & Heritage Orchestra featuring Becky Hill ("Sing It Back"/ "You've Got the Love") (with Grace Davies, Rak-Su & Kevin Davy White),[64] PrettyMuch ("No More")[35] and Louis Tomlinson ("Miss You")[36]
Contestants' performances on the eleventh live show
Act
Order
First song[63]
Order
Second song[62]
Result
Kevin Davy White
1 "Whole Lotta Love" 4 "Fastlove, Pt. 1" (with Tokio Myers) Eliminated
Grace Davies
2 "Live and Let Die" 5 "Roots" (Original song) (with Paloma Faith) Safe
Rak-Su
3 "Mamacita" (Original song) 6 "Dimelo" (Original song) (with Naughty Boy & Wyclef Jean) Safe
Kevin Davy White received the fewest public votes and was automatically eliminated.[50]
3 December
Theme: "Song to win", "Song of the Series"[65]
Musical guests: Little Mix & CNCO ("Power"/"Reggaetón Lento (Remix)"),[38] Pink ("Beautiful Trauma"/"What About Us"), and Sam Smith ("One Last Song")[37]
Contestants' performances on the final live show
Act
Order
First song[65]
Order
Second song[65]
Result
Grace Davies
1 "Nothing But Words" (Original song) 3 "Too Young" (Original song) Runner-up
Rak-Su
2 "Touché" (Original song) 4 "Mona Lisa" (Original song) Winner
Winner's single[edit]
All proceeds from the winner's single are in aid of children’s hospice charities, Together for Short Lives and Shooting Star Chase. Simco Limited will donate 100% of its profits from the sale of each download and in respect of all audio streaming of the single, and the Chancellor has also agreed to donate the VAT, in each case to be shared equally by the charities. This donation will be at least 20p plus VAT for each download sold in the UK. FremantleMedia, ITV and all performers featuring on the single have also agreed to forgo any master royalties due to them in connection with downloads and all audio streaming of the single.[62]
Reception[edit]
Ratings[edit]
Episode
Air date
Official rating
(millions)[66],1
Official rating
(millions inc. HD)[66],2
Official rating
(millions inc. HD & +1)[66],3
Weekly rank[66],4
Auditions 1
000000002018-09-02-00002 September 5.76 7.38 7.92 5
Auditions 2
000000002018-09-03-00003 September 5.73 7.46 8.04 4
Auditions 3
000000002018-09-09-00009 September 5.15 6.60 7.23 11
Auditions 4
000000002018-09-10-000010 September 5.52 7.10 7.57 6
Auditions 5
000000002018-09-16-000016 September 5.78 7.57 7.87 8
Auditions 6
000000002018-09-17-000017 September 5.40 7.07 7.50 12
Auditions 7
000000002018-09-23-000023 September 4.53 5.99 6.48 21
Auditions 8
000000002018-09-24-000024 September 5.42 7.09 7.39 12
Bootcamp 1
000000002018-09-30-000030 September 4.92 6.41 6.83 16
Bootcamp 2
000000002018-10-01-00001 October 4.67 6.11 6.34 24
Bootcamp 3
000000002018-10-07-00007 October 4.58 5.83 6.18 25
Six-chair challenge 1
000000002018-10-08-00008 October 5.34 6.97 7.36 11
Six-chair challenge 2
000000002018-10-14-000014 October 5.10 6.67 7.05 13
Six-chair challenge 3
000000002018-10-15-000015 October 4.54 6.27 6.66 25
Judges' houses 1
000000002018-10-21-000021 October 5.29 6.95 7.25 12
Judges' houses 2
000000002018-10-22-000022 October 4.42 5.58 6.26 26
Live show 1
000000002018-10-28-000028 October 4.77 6.45 6.63 21
Live show 2
000000002018-10-29-000029 October 3.77 5.27 5.58 27
Live show 3
000000002018-11-04-00004 November 4.40 5.83 6.08 24
Live show 4
000000002018-11-05-00005 November 3.37 4.61 5.03 36
Live show 5
000000002018-11-11-000011 November 3.96 5.46 5.71 22
Live show 6
000000002018-11-12-000012 November 3.68 4.97 5.38 26
Live show 7
000000002018-11-18-000018 November 3.97 5.33 5.47 28
Live show 8
000000002018-11-19-000019 November 3.83 5.17 5.34 29
Live show 9
000000002018-11-25-000025 November 3.60 4.93 5.18 36
Live show 10
000000002018-11-26-000026 November 3.66 5.13 5.31 33
Live final 1
000000002018-12-02-00002 December 3.61 4.89 5.28 34
Live final 2
000000002018-12-03-00003 December 4.17 5.56 5.83 30
^1 The ratings over a 28-day period, including the broadcasts on ITV and streaming through ITV Hub.
^2 The ratings over a 28-day period, including the broadcasts on ITV, ITV HD and streaming through ITV Hub.
^3 The ratings over a 28-day period, including the broadcasts on ITV, ITV HD, ITV+1 and streaming through ITV Hub.
^4 The rank for the combined ITV, ITV HD and ITV+1 broadcasts, compared with all channels for that week, from Monday to Sunday.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "The X Factor 2017 finals will be held at the Excel centre for the first time". 19 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Grant Cumberbatch, Aimée (19 June 2017). "Simon Cowell will be making no changes to the X Factor judging line-up". London Evening Standard. London. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Harrison, Ellie (19 January 2017). "X Factor spin-off Xtra Factor axed with no room for presenters Rylan Clark-Neal and Matt Edmondson as ITV focuses on digital strategy". Radio Times. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Sweney, Mark (27 April 2017). "Just Eat delivers £10m The X Factor sponsorship deal". The Guardian. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
Jump up ^ White, Jack (23 August 2017). "The X Factor is returning to our screens next month". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Gordon, Naomi; Harp, Justin (8 December 2016). "Louis Walsh WILL return to The X Factor in 2017". Digital Spy. United Kingdom: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved 20 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Baggage, Rachel; Gordon, Naomi (8 December 2016). "Sharon Osbourne wants X Factor return but has a dilemma..." Digital Spy. United Kingdom: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Gordon, Naomi; Harp, Justin (8 December 2016). "Nicole Scherzinger WILL return to The X Factor… but only with Sharon Osbourne and Louis Walsh". Digital Spy. United Kingdom: Hearst Corporation. Retrieved 20 June 2016.
Jump up ^ Read-Dominguez, Jennifer (13 April 2017). "Simon Cowell CONFIRMS X Factor 2017 panel". Digital Spy. United Kingdom: Hearst Corporation. Archived from the original on 20 June 2017. Retrieved 14 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Harp, Justin (23 June 2017). "BGT's Alesha Dixon is REPLACING Scherzy on X Factor". Digital Spy. United Kingdom: Hearst Corporation. Archived from the original on 25 June 2017. Retrieved 24 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Harp, Justin (28 June 2017). "Sharon Osbourne drops out of latest X Factor auditions round". Digital Spy. United States: Hearst Corporation. Archived from the original on 30 June 2017. Retrieved 30 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Borland, Hollie (6 July 2017). "Simon Cowell Forced To Miss The X Factor Auditions Thanks To Mystery Illness". Heart. United Kingdom: Global. Retrieved 13 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Copsey, Rob (4 July 2017). "X Factor planning major changes for its 2017 series". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 4 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Harris, Niomi (8 April 2017). "The X Factor LOWERS the audition age limit to 14 years old as part of a huge shake following Liam Payne's enormous success". OK!. Retrieved 14 August 2017.
Jump up ^ Darvill, Josh (16 July 2017). "X Factor 2017 to hold bootcamp auditions in front of audience at Wembley". TellyMix. United Kingdom. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Darvill, Josh (27 July 2017). "X Factor 2017 judges' categories REVEALED - spoilers!". TellyMix. United Kingdom. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Darvill, Josh (24 July 2017). "X Factor's six chair challenge is BACK - get tickets to watch filming!". TellyMix. United Kingdom. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Darvill, Josh (28 July 2017). "X Factor 2017 spoiler: New twist added to the Six Chair Challenge". TellyMix. United Kingdom. Retrieved 30 July 2017.
Jump up ^ Minn, Hayley (16 October 2017). "X Factor Judges' Houses acts revealed as dramatic Six Chair Challenge ends". mirror. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Newsbeat Entertainment (16 September 2017). "Stormzy will be at judges' houses to help out on X Factor". Newsbeat. United Kingdom: BBC News. Retrieved 25 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Silverstein, Adam (7 October 2017). "Cheryl IS returning to The X Factor this year". Digital Spy. United Kingdom: Hearst Corporation. Archived from the original on 7 October 2017. Retrieved 7 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "The X Factor Episode 15". ITV. United Kingdom: ITV plc. 21 October 2017. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Meechan, Lauren (16 October 2017). "X Factor 2017: Anthony Russell's replacement REVEALED after shock exit". Express.co.uk. Retrieved 16 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Insider (16 October 2017). "Sam Black is BACK for Judges' Houses!". ITV. United Kingdom: ITV plc. Retrieved 17 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "It's Wildcard vote time! Here's all the info you need". Retrieved 22 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Houghton, Rianne (28 October 2017). "X Factor's Wildcard acts have been confirmed". Digital Spy. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Lee, Ben (27 October 2017). "X Factor live shows will reveal who has the most votes". Digital Spy. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Hegarty, Tasha (29 October 2017). "Grace Davies wins the first X Factor prize fight". Digital Spy. Retrieved 30 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "The X Factor 2017 finals will be held at the Excel centre for the first time". Metro. 19 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Liam Payne and Stormzy to perform on the first X Factor Live Shows!". The X Factor. itv.com. 22 October 2017. Retrieved 22 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Tokio Myers and Rita Ora to perform this weekend!". The X Factor. itv.com. 2 November 2017. Retrieved 2 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Harry Styles and Paloma Faith are ready to perform!". The X Factor. itv.com. 9 November 2017. Retrieved 9 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Matt Terry and Fergie are ready to perform!". The X Factor. itv.com. 16 November 2017. Retrieved 16 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Guest Performers: James Arthur and Ed Sheeran are on their way!". The X Factor. itv.com. 23 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b @PRETTYMUCH (29 November 2017). "@PRETTYMUCH: #NoMore featuring our boy @FrencHMonTanA is coming on friday 🔥🔥🔥🔥 tune in to @TheXFactor on saturday to see us perform it live for the first time ever ❌❌" (Tweet). Retrieved 29 November 2017 – via Twitter.
^ Jump up to: a b Louis Tomlinson [@Louis_Tomlinson] (26 November 2017). "@Louis_Tomlinson: New single 'Miss You' will be out this Friday with a performance on the @thexfactor final on the Saturday ! Can't wait for this one ! #missyou" (Tweet). Retrieved 29 November 2017 – via Twitter.
^ Jump up to: a b "The stars are coming out for The X Factor Final!". The X Factor. itv.com. 26 November 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Little Mix [@Little_Mix] (26 November 2017). "@LittleMix: We're sooo excited we can FINALLY reveal that we are performing on @TheXFactor on next Sunday's LIVE FINAL with the amazing @CNCOmusic! You don't wanna miss this one…trust us 😉 we are BUZZING!! 🙌 xx the girls xx" (Tweet). Retrieved 29 November 2017 – via Twitter.
^ Jump up to: a b "The 2017 voting stats are in! See who got your votes". The X Factor. itv.com. 3 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Spencer Sutherland is the first Contestant to leave". The X Factor. itv.com. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Talia Dean is the next Contestant to leave the competition". The X Factor. itv.com. 29 October 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "It's time to say goodbye to Leon Mallett". The X Factor. itv.com. 4 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Time to wave goodbye to Tracyleanne Jefford". The X Factor. itv.com. 5 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "We wave goodbye to Jack & Joel". The X Factor. itv.com. 11 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Time for Alisah to wave goodbye to the competition". The X Factor. itv.com. 12 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Double whammy elimination: Goodbye Sam Black and Sean & Conor Price". The X Factor. itv.com. 18 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Double elimination: We wave goodbye to Holly and Rai-Elle". The X Factor. itv.com. 19 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "We wave goodbye to Matt in the Semi-Finals". The X Factor. itv.com. 25 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Double-elimination time in the Semi-Finals!". The X Factor. itv.com. 26 November 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Kevin Davy White takes third place in The X Factor Final!". The X Factor. itv.com. 2 December 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rak-Su take The X Factor Final 2017 crown!". The X Factor. itv.com. 3 December 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Who's singing what this weekend? We've got ALL the Contestants' song choices". The X Factor. itv.com. 27 October 2017. Retrieved 27 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Meet your 2017 Wildcards!". The X Factor. itv.com. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Simon Cowell 'to miss X Factor's first live show' after 'fainting' at home". Sky News. Sky News. 28 October 2017. Retrieved 27 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Alesha Dixon to return to The X Factor panel tonight!". The X Factor. itv.com. 27 October 2017. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Here's what the Contestants are singing for Viva Latino week". The X Factor. itv.com. 3 November 2017. Retrieved 3 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "George Michael weekend: Song reveal alert!". The X Factor. itv.com. 10 November 2017. Retrieved 10 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "You'll be Crazy in Love with this weekend's songs!". The X Factor. itv.com. 17 November 2017. Retrieved 17 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "The X Factor 2017 semi-final will finally see all the acts go head to head". Radio Times. Retrieved 25 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Cool Britannia: Song reveals!". The X Factor. itv.com. 24 November 2017. Retrieved 24 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Songs to get our Contestants to the Final!". The X Factor. itv.com. 26 November 2017. Retrieved 26 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Find out all about The X Factor Winner's Duet!". The X Factor. itv.com. 2 December 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "What will our Finalists be singing?". The X Factor. itv.com. 1 December 2017. Retrieved 1 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Pete Tong, Becky Hill and The X Factor Finalists open The X Factor". The X Factor. itv.com. 2 December 2017. Retrieved 2 December 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Tonight's Final song reveals!". The X Factor. itv.com. 3 December 2017. Retrieved 3 December 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Weekly Viewing Summary (see relevant week under)". BARB. Retrieved 1 October 2017.
External links[edit]
The X Factor at itv.com
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Same Difference
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"Against All Odds"
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"When You Believe"
"Hallelujah"
"The Climb"
"When We Collide"
"Cannonball"
"Impossible"
"Skyscraper"
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"Forever Young"
"When Christmas Comes Around"
"Dimelo"
Charity singles
"Hero"
"You Are Not Alone"
"Heroes"
"Wishing on a Star"
Related articles
The X Factor franchise
I Can't Sing! The X Factor Musical
X Factor Around the World
Contestants who have appeared on other TV shows Alisah Bonaobra competed on the second season of The Voice Philipines finishing in second place.
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Help
Category:Schools in San Pedro, Laguna
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Pages in category "Schools in San Pedro, Laguna"
The following 5 pages are in this category, out of 5 total. This list may not reflect recent changes (learn more).
A
Agnus Dei School Systems, Inc.
J
Jesus the Risen Savior School
P
Pacita Complex National High School
S
Sampaguita Village National High School
San Pedro Relocation Center National High School
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Category:Schools_in_San_Pedro,_Laguna&oldid=680312577"
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Antipodes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Antipode.
This map shows the antipode of each point on Earth's surface—the points where the blue and yellow overlap are land antipodes—most land has its antipodes in the ocean. This map uses the Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection. The yellow areas can be considered to be opposite reflections of the blue areas but on the inner "surface" of the globe of Earth.
The same map, from the perspective of the Western Hemisphere. Here the blue areas can be considered to be opposite reflections of the yellow areas but on the inner "surface" of the globe of Earth
In geography, the antipode (/ænˈtɪpədiː/) of any spot on Earth is the point on Earth's surface diametrically opposite to it; the antipodes of a region similarly represent the area opposite it.[note 1] A pair of points antipodal (/ænˈtɪpədəl/) to each other are situated such that a straight line connecting the two would pass through Earth's center. Such points are as far away from each other as possible, a great-circle distance of 10,800 nautical miles (20,000 km).
In the Northern Hemisphere, "the Antipodes" may be used to refer to Australia and New Zealand, and "Antipodeans" to their inhabitants.[2] Geographically, the antipodes of Britain and Ireland are in the Pacific Ocean, south of New Zealand. This gave rise to the name of the Antipodes Islands of New Zealand, which are close to the antipode of London at about 50°S 179°E / 50°S 179°E / -50; 179. The antipodes of Australia are in the North Atlantic Ocean, while parts of Spain, Portugal, and Morocco are antipodal to New Zealand.
Approximately 15%[citation needed] of land territory is antipodal to other land, representing approximately 4.4% of the Earth's surface. The largest antipodal land masses are the Malay Archipelago, antipodal to the Amazon Basin and adjoining Andean ranges; east China and Mongolia, antipodal to Chile and Argentina; and Greenland and the Canadian Arctic Archipelago, antipodal to East Antarctica. There is a general paucity of antipodal land because the Southern hemisphere has fairly little land, and of that, the antipodes of Australia are in the North Atlantic Ocean, while the antipodes of Africa are in the Pacific Ocean.
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
1.1 Mathematical description
2 Etymology
3 Historical significance
4 True trip "around the world"
5 Air travel between antipodes
6 List of antipodes
6.1 Earth
6.1.1 Cities
6.1.2 Cities and geographic features
6.1.3 Countries
6.2 Extraterrestrial examples
7 In popular culture
7.1 Literature
7.2 Television
7.3 Film
7.4 Webcasts
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Geography[edit]
The antipode of any place on the Earth is the place that is diametrically opposite it, so a line drawn from the one to the other passes through the centre of the Earth and forms a true diameter.[3] For example, the antipodes of New Zealand's lower North Island lie in Spain. Most of the Earth's land surfaces have ocean at their antipodes, this being a consequence of most land being in the land hemisphere.
The singular antipode is a back-formation (c. 1540-50 CE) from the plural antipodes,[4] which in Greek is the plural of the singular antipous.
The antipode of any place on Earth is distant from it by 180° of longitude and as many degrees to the north of the Equator as the original is to the south (or vice versa); in other words, the latitudes are numerically equal, but one is north and the other south.[3] The maps shown here are based on this relationship; they show a Lambert azimuthal equal-area projection of the Earth, in yellow, overlaid on which is another map, in blue, shifted horizontally by 180° of longitude and inverted about the Equator with respect to latitude.
Noon at one place is midnight at the other (ignoring daylight saving time and irregularly shaped time zones) and, with the exception of the tropics, the longest day at one point corresponds to the shortest day at the other, and midwinter at one point coincides with midsummer at the other. Sunrise and sunset do not quite oppose each other at antipodes due to refraction of sunlight.
Mathematical description[edit]
If the geographic coordinates (latitude and longitude) of a point on the Earth's surface are (φ, θ), then the coordinates of the antipodal point are (−φ, θ ± 180°). This relation holds true whether the Earth is approximated as a perfect sphere or as a reference ellipsoid.
In terms of the usual way these geographic coordinates are given, this transformation can be expressed symbolically as
x° N/S y° E/W ↦ x° S/N (180 − y)° W/E,
that is, for the latitude (the North/South coordinate) the magnitude of the angle remains the same but N is changed to S and vice versa, and for the longitude (the East/West coordinate) the angle is replaced by its supplementary angle while E is exchanged for W. For example, the antipode of the point in China at 37° N 119° E (a few hundred kilometres from Beijing) is the point in Argentina at 37° S 61° W (a few hundred kilometres from Buenos Aires).
Etymology[edit]
The word antipodes comes from the Greek: ἀντίποδες (antípodes),[5] plural of ἀντίπους (antipous), "with feet opposite (ours)",[6] from ἀντί (antí, “opposite”) + πούς (poús, “foot”). The Greek word is attested in Plato's dialogue Timaeus, already referring to a spherical Earth, explaining the relativity of the terms "above" and "below":
For if there were any solid body in equipoise at the centre of the universe, there would be nothing to draw it to this extreme rather than to that, for they are all perfectly similar; and if a person were to go round the world in a circle, he would often, when standing at the antipodes of his former position, speak of the same point as above and below; for, as I was saying just now, to speak of the whole which is in the form of a globe as having one part above and another below is not like a sensible man.
—  Plato[7]
The term is taken up by Aristotle (De caelo 308a.20), Strabo, Plutarch and Diogenes Laertius, and was adopted into Latin as antipodes. The Latin word changed its sense from the original "under the feet, opposite side" to "those with the feet opposite", i.e. a bahuvrihi referring to hypothetical people living on the opposite side of the Earth. Medieval illustrations imagine them in some way "inverted", with their feet growing out of their heads, pointing upward.
In this sense, Antipodes first entered English in 1398 in a translation of the 13th century De Proprietatibus Rerum by Bartholomeus Anglicus, translated by John of Trevisa:
Yonde in Ethiopia ben the Antipodes, men that haue theyr fete ayenst our fete.
(In Modern English: Yonder in Ethiopia are the Antipodes, men that have their feet against our feet.)
Historical significance[edit]
Pomponius Mela, the first Roman geographer, asserted that the earth had two habitable zones, a North and South one, but that it would be impossible to get into contact with each other because of the unbearable heat at the Equator.
The Terrestrial Sphere of Crates of Mallus (c. 150 B.C.). Note the region of the antipodes in the southern half of the western hemisphere.
From the time of St Augustine, the Christian church was skeptical of the notion. Augustine asserted that "it is too absurd to say that some men might have set sail from this side and, traversing the immense expanse of ocean, have propagated there a race of human beings descended from that one first man."[8]
In the Early Middle Ages, Isidore of Seville's widely read encyclopedia presented the term "antipodes" as referring to antichthones (people who lived on the opposite side of the Earth), as well as to a geographical place; these people came to play a role in medieval discussions about the shape of the Earth.[9] In 748, in reply to a letter from Saint Boniface, Pope Zachary declared the belief "that beneath the earth there was another world and other men, another sun and moon" to be heretical. In his letter, Boniface had apparently maintained that Vergilius of Salzburg held such a belief.[10][11][12][13]
The antipodes being an attribute of a spherical Earth, some ancient authors used their perceived absurdity as an argument for a flat Earth.[14] However, knowledge of the spherical Earth was widespread during the Middle Ages, only occasionally disputed — the medieval dispute surrounding the antipodes mainly concerned the question whether people could live on the opposite side of the earth: since the torrid clime was considered impassable, it would have been impossible to evangelize them. This posed the problem that Christ told the apostles to evangelize all mankind; with regard to the unreachable antipodes, this would have been impossible. Christ would either have appeared a second time, in the antipodes, or left the damned irredeemable. Such an argument was forwarded by the Spanish theologian Alonso Tostado as late as the 15th century and "St. Augustine doubts" was a response to Columbus's proposal to sail westwards to the Indies.[15]
The author of the Norwegian book Konungs Skuggsjá, from around 1250, discusses the existence of antipodes. He notes that (if they exist) they will see the sun in the north in the middle of the day and that they will have seasons opposite those of the Northern Hemisphere.
The earliest surviving account by a European who had visited the Southern Hemisphere is that of Marco Polo (who, on his way home in 1292, sailed south of the Malay Peninsula). He noted that it was impossible to see the star Polaris from there.
The idea of dry land in the southern climes, the Terra Australis, was introduced by Ptolemy and appears on European maps as an imaginary continent from the 15th century. In spite of having been discovered relatively late by European explorers, Australia was inhabited very early in human history; the ancestors of the Indigenous Australians reached it at least 50,000 years ago.
True trip "around the world"[edit]
To make the longest distance trip around the planet a traveler would have to pass through a set of antipodal points. All meridians can be crossed in one hemisphere--indeed, by walking around one of the poles--but such trips are shorter than a maximum circumnavigation. On the other hand, the greatest straight line distance that could in theory be covered is a trip exactly on the Equator. The Earth's equatorial bulge makes this slightly longer than one north-south around the world along a set of meridian lines, or on any other closed great circle route traveling at an angle. In any of these cases after half the world is passed every subsequent point will be antipodal to one already visited.
Air travel between antipodes[edit]
There are no non-stop scheduled flights between any two antipodal locations by commercial airline service—or anything even close. There is currently no commercial aircraft capable of travelling between antipodes at full load non-stop. (The current record holder Boeing 777-200LR's maximum range is rated at 17,395 km.) There are also regulations regarding pilot's work time, so relief crewmembers would be needed.[citation needed]
The longest non-stop scheduled flight was the Singapore Airlines Flight 21 between Newark, New Jersey and Singapore (discontinued as of November 2013), covering 15,343 km (9,534 mi) in about 18.5 hours flight time, and this was far from a journey between nearly antipodal locations. Among flights with fuel stop and crew-change stop but still same flight number, Air New Zealand has one of the longest, Auckland–Los Angeles–London, at 19,240 km (11,960 mi) over Los Angeles (18,360 km (11,410 mi) directly).
A hypothetically perfect antipode flight would be Tangier Ibn Battouta Airport, Morocco (IATA: TNG) to Whangarei Aerodrome, New Zealand (IATA: WRE), whose designated locators are 10,800 nautical miles (20,001 km) apart,[16] the maximum possible distance, but their actual runways cross in projection. However, with only a length of 3599 ft, Whangarei's runway is too short to accommodate any current (as of 2015[update]) commercial jet airliner, especially one with the required range. Traveling between them would presently need at least three plane changes, e.g. Paris–Los Angeles–Auckland. Taipei and Asuncion are 19,912 km apart; Santiago and Xian are 19,897 km apart; Madrid and Auckland are 19,590 km apart; Buenos Aires and Beijing are 19,260 km apart; Johannesburg and Honolulu are 19,188 km apart; New York City and Perth are 18,700 km apart.[citation needed]
List of antipodes[edit]
Earth[edit]
Some cities and towns which are near-antipodes in equirectangular projection. Blue labels pertain to cyan and brown labels pertain to yellow areas. Areas where cyan and yellow overlap (coloured green) are land antipodes.
Around 71% of the Earth's surface is covered by oceans, and seven-eighths of the Earth's land is confined to the land hemisphere, so the majority of locations on land do not have land-based antipodes.
The two largest human inhabited antipodal areas are located in East Asia (mainly eastern China) and South America (mainly northern Argentina and Chile). The Australian mainland is the largest landmass with its antipodes entirely in ocean, although some locations of mainland Australia and Tasmania are close to being antipodes of islands (Bermuda, Azores, Puerto Rico) in the North Atlantic Ocean. The largest landmass with antipodes entirely on land is the island of Borneo, whose antipodes are in the Amazon rainforest.
Cities[edit]
Exact or almost exact antipodes:
Christchurch (New Zealand) — A Coruña (Spain)
Levin (New Zealand) - Ávila (Spain)
Hamilton (New Zealand) — Córdoba (Spain)
Hong Kong — La Quiaca (Argentina)
Lianyungang (China) — Junín (Argentina)
Madrid (Spain) — Weber (New Zealand)
Mangawhai (New Zealand) — Rock of Gibraltar (Overseas British Territory)
Masterton (New Zealand) — Segovia (Spain)
Nelson (New Zealand) — Mogadouro (Portugal)
Padang (Indonesia) — Esmeraldas (Ecuador)
Palembang (Indonesia) — Neiva (Colombia)
Pekanbaru (Indonesia) — Machachi (Ecuador)
Tauranga (New Zealand) — Jaén (Spain)
Ulan Ude (Russia) — Puerto Natales (Chile)
Wellington (capital of New Zealand) — Alaejos (Valladolid, Spain)
Whangarei (New Zealand) — Tangier (Morocco)
Wuhai (China) — Valdivia (Chile)
Wuhu (China) — Rafaela (Argentina)
To within 100 km, with at least one major city (population of at least 1 million):
Auckland (New Zealand) — Seville and Málaga (Andalusia, Spain)
Beijing (China) — Bahía Blanca (Argentina)
Nanjing (China) — Rosario (Argentina)
Shanghai (China) — Salto (Uruguay)
Taipei (Taiwan) — Asunción (Paraguay)
Tianjin (China) — Bahía Blanca (Argentina)
Xi'an (China) — Santiago, or more precisely Rancagua or San Bernardo (Chile)
Taiwan (formerly called Formosa) is partly antipodal to the province of Formosa in Argentina.
Other major cities or capitals close to being antipodes:
Rio de Janeiro (Brazil) — Tokyo (Japan); the host cities of successive Summer Olympic Games (2016 and 2020), ~1,450 km
Beijing (China) — Buenos Aires (Argentina); both cities have populations in the millions, and have been twinned since 1983, ~540 km
Shanghai (China) — Buenos Aires (Argentina); Buenos Aires is actually closer (~380 km) to the antipode of Shanghai (Salto, Uruguay) than to the antipode of Beijing (Bahía Blanca)
Tongchuan (China) — Licantén (Chile)
Bogotá (Colombia) — Jakarta (Indonesia), ~200 km
Guayaquil (Ecuador) — Medan (Indonesia), ~220 km
Phnom Penh (Cambodia) — Lima (Peru), ~220 km
Dili (Timor-Leste) — Paramaribo (Suriname), ~310 km
Irkutsk (Russia) — Punta Arenas (Chile)
Suva (Fiji) — Timbuktu (Mali)
Melbourne and Canberra (Australia) - Azores, Atlantic Ocean (Portugal)
Cherbourg (France) — Antipodes Islands (New Zealand)
Pago Pago (American Samoa) — Zinder (Niger)
Barranquilla (Colombia) — Christmas Island (Australia)
Doha (Qatar) — Pitcairn Island (Overseas British Territory)
Hué and Da Nang (Vietnam) — Arequipa (Peru)
Manila (Philippines) — Cuiabá (Brazil)
Kuala Lumpur (Malaysia) — Cuenca (Ecuador)
San Juan (Puerto Rico) — Karratha (Australia)
Limerick (Ireland) — Campbell Islands (New Zealand)
Arrecife, Lanzarote (Canary Islands) — Norfolk Island
Sharm el Sheikh (Egypt) — Rapa Iti (French Polynesia)
Bangkok (Thailand) — Lima (Peru)
Quito (Ecuador) — Singapore
Perth (Australia) — Hamilton (Bermuda)
Montevideo (Uruguay) — Gwangju (South Korea)
Cities and geographic features[edit]
Gibraltar is approximately antipodal to Te Arai Beach about 85 km north of Auckland, New Zealand. This illustrates the old yet correct saying that the sun never sets on the British Empire; the sun still does not set on the Commonwealth of Nations.
The northern part of New Caledonia, an overseas territory of France, is antipodal to some thinly populated desert in Mauritania, a part of the former French West Africa. Portions of Suriname, a former Dutch colony, are antipodal to Sulawesi, an Indonesian island spelled Celebes when it was part of the Netherlands East Indies. Luzon, the largest island of the Philippines, is antipodal to eastern Bolivia. As with the British Empire, the sun set neither on the French Empire, the Dutch Empire, nor the Spanish Empire at their peaks.
Santa Vitória do Palmar, the most southerly town of more than 10,000 people in Brazil, is antipodal to Jeju Island, the southernmost territory of South Korea.
The Big Island of Hawaii is antipodal to the Okavango Delta in Botswana, with the island's largest city, Hilo, antipodal to Nxai Pan National Park.
Easter Island is antipodal to Desert National Park, 35 km from Jaisalmer, India.
Desolate Kerguelen Island is antipodal to an area of thinly inhabited plains on the border between the Canadian provinces of Alberta and Saskatchewan and the US state of Montana.
The Heard Island and McDonald Islands, an uninhabited Australian territory, is antipodal to an area in central Saskatchewan, including the towns of Leask and Shellbrook.
St. Paul Island and Amsterdam Island are antipodal to thinly populated parts of the eastern part of the US state of Colorado.
South Georgia Island is antipodal to the northernmost part of Sakhalin Island.
Lake Baikal is partially antipodal to the Straits of Magellan.
The Russian Antarctic research base Bellingshausen Station is antipodal to a land location in Russian Siberia.
Rottnest Island, off the coast of Western Australia, is approximately antipodal to Bermuda.
Flores Island, the westernmost island of the Azores, is nearly antipodal to Flinders Island between Tasmania and the Australian mainland.
Point Nemo, the point in the South Pacific Ocean most distant from any other land, is precisely opposite a desolate piece of desert in western Kazakhstan.
By definition, the North Pole and the South Pole are antipodes.
As can be seen on the purple/blue map, the Pacific Ocean is so large that it stretches halfway around the world; parts of the Pacific off the coast of Peru are antipodal to parts of the same ocean off the coast of Southeast Asia.
Countries[edit]
The following countries are opposite more than one other country. (Antarctica is considered separately from any territorial claims.)
Country
No. of antipodal countries
Antipodal countries
New Zealand 12 Mainland: Spain, Portugal, Morocco, UK (Gibraltar)
Chatham Islands: France
Kermadec Islands: Algeria
Niue: Niger
Tokelau: Nigeria
Cook Islands: Chad, (Penrhyn) Central African Republic, (Mangaia) Libya, (Pukapuka) Cameroon, (Nassau) Nigeria
France 12 Mainland: New Zealand (Chatham Islands)
Southern & Antarctic Lands: Canada, United States
French Guiana: Indonesia
New Caledonia: Mauritania, Western Sahara
Wallis and Futuna: Niger
French Polynesia: Sudan, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Eritrea, Ethiopia
Brazil 9 China, Japan, South Korea, Philippines, Malaysia, Indonesia, Brunei, Palau, Federated States of Micronesia
Indonesia 8 Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Brazil, Suriname, Guyana, France (French Guiana)
Peru 7 Vietnam, Cambodia, Laos, Thailand, Malaysia, Indonesia, China
United States 7 Mainland: France (Southern & Antarctic Lands)
Hawaii: Botswana, Namibia
Alaska: Antarctica
Palmyra Atoll & Kingman Reef: DR Congo
American Samoa: Niger, Nigeria
United Kingdom 7 Falklands: China, Russia
Gibraltar: New Zealand
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands: Russia
Pitcairn: Saudi Arabia, UAE
Bermuda: Australia
China 6 Argentina, Chile, Uruguay, Brazil, Bolivia, UK (Falkland Islands)
Niger 5 Samoa, Tonga, United States (American Samoa), France (Wallis and Futuna), New Zealand (Niue)
Antarctica 5 Greenland, Canada, United States, Russia, Norway
Malaysia 4 Ecuador, Peru, Brazil, Colombia
Argentina 4 China, Taiwan, Mongolia, Russia
Chile 4 China, Mongolia, Russia; Easter Island: India
Kiribati 4 Phoenix Islands (Orona): Nigeria; Line Islands: DR Congo, Central African Republic, Sudan
Russia 4 Antarctica, Chile, Argentina, United Kingdom (Falklands etc.)
Australia 3 Mainland: Bermuda (UK), Portugal (Azores)
Heard Island and McDonald Islands: Canada
Christmas Island: Colombia
Ecuador 3 Malaysia, Singapore, Indonesia
Philippines 3 Brazil, Bolivia, Paraguay
Vanuatu 3 Mauritania, Senegal, (Mere Lava) Mali
Paraguay 3 Taiwan, Japan, Philippines
Mali 3 Fiji, Vanuatu, Solomon Islands
Colombia 3 Indonesia, Malaysia, Australia (Christmas Island)
Nigeria 3 New Zealand (Tokelau, Cook Ils), United States (American Samoa), Kiribati
Canada 3 Antarctica, France (Kerguelen), Australia (Heard Island and McDonald Islands)
Taiwan 2 Paraguay, Argentina
Tonga 2 Algeria, Niger
Mongolia 2 Chile, Argentina
Tuvalu 2 Ghana, (Nanumanga, Nanumea) Ivory Coast
Fiji 2 Mali; (Rotuma) Burkina Faso
Solomon Islands (Temoto) 2 Guinea, (Tikopia) Mali
Uruguay 2 China, South Korea
Bolivia 2 China, Philippines
Sudan 2 France (French Polynesia), Kiribati
Mauritania 2 France (New Caledonia), Vanuatu
Algeria 2 Tonga, New Zealand (Kermadec)
Central African Republic 2 Kiribati, New Zealand (Cook Ils)
Saudi Arabia 2 France (French Polynesia), UK (Pitcairn)
DR Congo 2 Kiribati, United States (Palmyra, Kingman Reef)
Japan 2 (Ryukyu) Brazil, Paraguay
South Korea 2 Uruguay, Brazil
Norway 2 (Svalbard) Antarctica, (Peter I Island) Russia
Portugal 2 Mainland: New Zealand
Azores: Australia (Melbourne)
Countries matching up with just one other country are Morocco, Spain, Chad, Libya, Cameroon (with the Cook Islands of New Zealand); Egypt, Eritrea, Ethiopia (with French Polynesia); Senegal (Vanuatu); the UAE (Pitcairn); Ghana, Ivory Coast (Tuvalu); Burkina Faso (Rotuma in Fiji); Guinea (Solomon Islands); India (Easter Island); Laos, Cambodia, Vietnam, and Thailand (all with Peru); Singapore (Ecuador); Brunei, Palau, Micronesia (all with Brazil); Venezuela and Suriname (Indonesia).
Of these, the larger countries which are entirely antipodal to land are the Philippines, Malaysia, Taiwan, Fiji, Vanuatu, Brunei, and Samoa. Chile was as well prior to its expansion into the Atacama with the War of the Pacific.
Extraterrestrial examples[edit]
In a number of cases on extraterrestrial bodies in the Solar System, unusual geologic features (e.g., jumbled terrain or unique volcanic constructs) are located antipodal to major impact basins. It has been hypothesized that this results from focusing of some of the seismic waves (p-waves and surface waves) produced by an impact at its antipode.[17]
Caloris Basin - "Weird Terrain" (Mercury)[17]
Mare Orientale - Mare Marginis (The Moon)[17]
Mare Imbrium - Mare Ingenii (The Moon)[17]
Hellas Planitia - Alba Mons (Mars)[18][19][20]
Isidis Planitia - Noctis Labyrinthus (Mars)[18][19][20]
Kerwan - Ahuna Mons (Ceres)[21]
In popular culture[edit]
Literature[edit]
New Zealand writer Mark Price undertook a tour in 2005–06 of the length of New Zealand and its land antipodes in Morocco and Spain, from Kerikeri 35°13′01.4″S 173°57′46.6″E / 35.217056°S 173.962944°E / -35.217056; 173.962944 (near Larache and Lixus, Morocco 35°13′01.4″N 6°02′13.4″W / 35.217056°N 6.037056°W / 35.217056; -6.037056) to Cathedral Square, Christchurch 43°31′52.2″S 172°38′08.8″E / 43.531167°S 172.635778°E / -43.531167; 172.635778 (near Foz, Spain 43°31′52.2″N 7°21′51.2″W / 43.531167°N 7.364222°W / 43.531167; -7.364222).[22]
Television[edit]
A gag in American animated television series was "digging all the way to China".[citation needed]
On the popular TV show Angel, the Deeper Well is a hole that goes through the world, with its entrance in the Cotswolds in England and its antipode in New Zealand.
The May 19, 2008, official Lost audio podcast gave credence to a theory that the Island (where the show is set) is located at Tunisia's antipode, in the south Pacific east of New Zealand.[citation needed]
"The Gathering", a fourth series episode of Torchwood, refers to Shanghai and Buenos Aires as being antipodes of each other. The tenth and final episode notes more precisely that they are "perfect antipodes" while acknowledging that is only accurate "give or take a hundred miles or so."
At the closing ceremonies of the Rio 2016 Olympics, they used the antipodes as a tool to invite viewers to the Tokyo 2020 Olympics. There was an image of the video game character Mario using his pipes to travel between Tokyo and Rio, arriving at the closing ceremonies.[citation needed]
Film[edit]
In the 2012 film Total Recall, a gravity train called "The Fall" goes through the center of the Earth to allow people to commute between Western Europe and Australia.[23][24]
Webcasts[edit]
In 2006, Ze Frank challenged viewers of his daily webcast the show with zefrank to create an "Earth sandwich" by simultaneously placing two pieces of bread at antipodal points on the Earth's surface. The challenge was successfully completed by viewers in Spain and New Zealand.[25]
See also[edit]
Antichthones
Antipodal hotspot
Antipodal point
Antipodes Islands
Clime
Pole of inaccessibility
Spherical Earth
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ In British English, "antipodes" can be either plural or singular.[1]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "antipodes". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2017-12-02.
Jump up ^ Compact Oxford English Dictionary, 2008, "Antipodes" Access date: 2010-02-21.
^ Jump up to: a b One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Antipodes". Encyclopædia Britannica. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 133–134.
Jump up ^ "antipode". Dictionary.com. Retrieved 2016-09-02.
Jump up ^ ἀντίποδες, Liddell and Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
Jump up ^ ἀντίπους Liddell and Scott, A Greek-English Lexicon, on Perseus
Jump up ^ Plato, Timaeus 63a, translated by Benjamin Jowett, (Indianapolis: Bobbs Merrill, 1949).[1]
Jump up ^ De Civitate Dei, Book XVI, Chapter 9 — Whether We are to Believe in the Antipodes, translated by Rev. Marcus Dods, D.D.; from the Christian Classics Ethereal Library at Calvin College
Jump up ^ Stevens, Wesley M. (1980), "The Figure of the Earth in Isidore's "De natura rerum"", Isis, 71 (2): 274, doi:10.1086/352464, JSTOR 230175
Jump up ^ Loughlin, James (1907), Antipodes in The Catholic Encyclopedia
Jump up ^ ¥ Hasse, Wolfgang; Reinhold, Meyer, eds. (1993), The Classical Tradition and the Americas, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter, ISBN 3-11-011572-7
Jump up ^ Moretti, Gabriella (1993), The Other World and the 'Antipodes'. The Myth of Unknown Countries between Antiquity and the Renaissance, p. 265. In Hasse & Reinhold (1993, pp.241–84).
Jump up ^ MGH, Epistolae Selectae, 1, 80, pp. 178–9; translation in M. L. W. Laistner, Thought and Letters in Western Europe, pp. 184–5.; see also Jaffe, Biblioth. rerum germ., III, 191
Jump up ^ Lactantius (311), "The Divine Institutes, Book III, Chapter XXIV", in Rev. Alexander Roberts, D.D.; James Donaldson, LL.D., THE ANTE-NICENE FATHERS, VII, W.B.Eerdmans Publishing Co., Grand Rapids, MI (published 1979), pp. 94–95, retrieved 20 July 2013
Jump up ^ Ferdinand Columbus (1543). The Life of the Admiral Chrispher Columbus (Translation by Benjamin Keen ed.). London, The Folio Society, 1960. p. 62.
Jump up ^ Great Circle Mapper Access date: 2017-09-24,
^ Jump up to: a b c d Schultz, P. H.; Gault, D. E. (1975). "Seismic effects from major basin formations on the moon and Mercury". The Moon. 12 (2): 159–177. Bibcode:1975Moon...12..159S. doi:10.1007/BF00577875.
^ Jump up to: a b Peterson, J. E. (March 1978). "Antipodal Effects of Major Basin-Forming Impacts on Mars". Lunar and Planetary Science. IX: 885–886. Bibcode:1978LPI.....9..885P. Retrieved 2012-07-04.
^ Jump up to: a b Williams, D. A.; Greeley, R. (1991). "The Formation of Antipodal-Impact Terrains on Mars" (PDF). Lunar and Planetary Science. XXII: 1505–1506. Retrieved 2012-07-04.
^ Jump up to: a b Williams, D. A.; Greeley, R. (1994). "Assessment of antipodal-impact terrains on Mars". Icarus. 110: 196–202. Bibcode:1994Icar..110..196W. doi:10.1006/icar.1994.1116.
Jump up ^ Ruesch, O.; Platz, T.; Schenk, P.; McFadden, L. A.; Castillo-Rogez, J. C.; Quick, L. C.; Byrne, S.; Preusker, F.; OBrien, D. P.; Schmedemann, N.; Williams, D. A.; Li, J.- Y.; Bland, M. T.; Hiesinger, H.; Kneissl, T.; Neesemann, A.; Schaefer, M.; Pasckert, J. H.; Schmidt, B. E.; Buczkowski, D. L.; Sykes, M. V.; Nathues, A.; Roatsch, T.; Hoffmann, M.; Raymond, C. A.; Russell, C. T. (2016-09-02). "Cryovolcanism on Ceres". Science. 353 (6303): aaf4286–aaf4286. Bibcode:2016Sci...353.4286R. doi:10.1126/science.aaf4286.
Jump up ^ Price, Mark Price (2009). Antipodes: The Ingenious and Exhilarating Expedition of El Lider and La Campana. Dunedin: Longacre Press. ISBN 978 1 877460 36 4.
Jump up ^ Martinez, Jason (2012-08-13). "The Science of Total Recall". Wolfram-Alpha Blog. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ Rothman, Lily (August 6, 2012). "Spoiler Alert: The 8,000-Mile Hole in Total Recall". Time. Retrieved March 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "If the earth were a sandwich". the show with zefrank.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Antipodes maps.
Antipodes Map Interactive map which draws a tunnel to the other side of the world.
findLatitudeAndLongitude, interactive tool to show antipodes
3D dual globe schematic 3D representation of the earth and the anti-earth on the same place.
Map Tunneling Tool Tunnel to the Other Side of the Earth
Calculate the other side of the world
Antipodes An online and photographic project which pairs webcam images from places on opposite sides of the globe.
Map Tunneller Find out what part of the earth is directly below you using the interactive maps
Antipodal hotspots and bipolar catastrophes: Were oceanic large-body impacts the cause?
Antipode Finder Tool to find the opposite side of the world by city or country.
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