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Gilbert Gottfried
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Gilbert Gottfried
Gottfried at the Montclair Film Festival in April 2016
Born
(1955-02-28) February 28, 1955 (age 63)[1]
Brooklyn, New York City, New York, United States [1]
Medium
Stand-up, film, television
Years active
1970–present
Genres
Satire, crude humor, blue comedy, improvisational comedy, black comedy, insult comedy
Subject(s)
Religion, race relations, racism, pop culture, sex
Spouse
Dara Kravitz (m. 2007)
Children
2
Website
www.gilbertgottfried.com
Gilbert Fagnitz Gottfried[1] (born February 28, 1955) is an American stand-up comedian, actor and voice actor. Gottfried's persona as a comedian features an exaggerated shrill voice and emphasis on crude humor. His numerous roles in film and television include voicing the parrot Iago in Disney's Aladdin, Digit in the children's cartoon/educational math-based show Cyberchase, and Kraang Subprime in Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles. Gottfried was also the voice of the Aflac Duck until 2011.
Since 2014, Gottfried has hosted a podcast, Gilbert Gottfried's Amazing Colossal Podcast, which features new episodes each week featuring discussions of classic movies and celebrity interviews, most often with veteran actors, comedians, musicians and comedy writers.[2] Gilbert, a documentary film on Gottfried's life and career, was released in 2017.
Contents
[hide]
1 Career
1.1 Early career (1970–1998)
1.2 Voice acting, television and films (1999–present)
2 Personal life
3 Comedic style
4 Controversial jokes
4.1 1991 Emmy Awards
4.2 September 11 joke
4.3 Japanese tsunami jokes
5 Filmography
5.1 Film
5.2 Television
5.3 Video games
5.4 Commercials
6 References
7 External links
Career[edit]
Early career (1970–1998)[edit]
At age 15, Gottfried began doing amateur stand-up in New York City and, after a few years, became known around New York as "the comedian's comedian."[3] In 1980, Saturday Night Live was being retooled with a new staff and new comedians; the producers noticed Gottfried and hired him as a cast member for season 6.[4] Gottfried's persona in SNL sketches was very different from his later characterization: he rarely (if ever) spoke in his trademark screeching, obnoxious voice and never squinted. During his 12-episode stint, he was given very little airtime and seldom used in sketches. Gottfried recalls a low point was having to play a corpse in a sketch about a sports organist hired to play inappropriate music at a funeral. Despite this, he had one recurring character (Leo Waxman, husband to Denny Dillon's Pinky Waxman on the recurring talk show sketch, "What's It All About?") and two celebrity impersonations: David A. Stockman and controversial film director Roman Polanski.[5]
Gottfried at the 1991 Emmy Awards
Gottfried also played accountant Sidney Bernstein in the 1987 film Beverly Hills Cop II.
Although not a regular, he also appeared in The Amazing Live Sea Monkeys, as well as voicing the crazed dentist Dr. Bender and his son Wendell in The Fairly OddParents and the voice of Jerry the Belly Button Elf on Ren and Stimpy. Three of his most prominent roles came in 1990, 1991, and 1992, when he was cast as the adoption agent Igor Peabody in Problem Child and Problem Child 2 and the parrot Iago in Aladdin. When asked how he prepared for the role, Gottfried said, "I did the whole DeNiro thing. I moved to South America! I lived in the trees!" Gottfried reprised the role in Aladdin: The Return of Jafar, Aladdin and the King of Thieves, the television series and various related media, such as Kingdom Hearts and House of Mouse. Gottfried also voiced Berkely Beetle in 1994's Thumbelina.
In 1996, he starred as a talking smoke detector, in "Be Cool about Fire Safety," a short fire safety video for younger audiences.
Gottfried was the host of the Saturday edition of USA Up All Night for its entire run from 1989 to 1998.
Voice acting, television and films (1999–present)[edit]
On the most recent version of Hollywood Squares, Gottfried was a regular guest. On one particular episode, which aired on October 1, 1999, he was the last square on the board for a five-square win, but both contestants repeatedly got his answers wrong, prompting Gottfried to yell "YOU FOOL!" with every incorrect response. It took seven tries before a contestant finally correctly agreed with him, specifically on a question of "smog" being a combination of smoke and fog.
Gottfried has provided the voice of the duck in the Aflac commercials and Digit in Cyberchase, as well as Mister Mxyzptlk in Superman: The Animated Series. He also voiced a nasty wisecracking criminal genius named Nick-Nack in two episodes of Superboy (he also co-wrote an issue of Superboy: The Comic Book, which featured Nick-Nack's origin). On The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Gottfried has made regular appearances.
In 2004, Comedy Central featured Gottfried's stand-up material for Shorties Watchin' Shorties.[6] Gottfried was part of an online advertising campaign for Microsoft's Office XP software, showing, in a series of Flash-animated cartoons, that the Clippy office assistant would be removed. In 2006, Gottfried topped the Boston Phoenix's tongue-in-cheek list of the world's 100 Unsexiest Men. In April 2006, Gottfried performed with the University of Pennsylvania's Mask and Wig Club in their annual Intercollegiate Comedy Festival. Also in 2006, he made an appearance on the Let's Make a Deal portion of Gameshow Marathon (as a baby in a large high chair, he says "Hey Ricki, I think I need my diaper changed!"), and in the Dodge Viper in the big deal (where he tells the contestants "What were you thinking?!" because neither one picked it). He also guest-starred in The Grim Adventures of Billy and Mandy as Santa Claus in the one-hour Christmas Special. He voiced Rick Platypus in an episode of My Gym Partner's a Monkey entitled "That Darn Platypus".
Gottfried at the Writers Guild of America East Solidarity Rally in Washington Square on November 27, 2007
He appeared as Peter's horse in an episode of Family Guy entitled "Boys Do Cry" (in which Peter Griffin is enthused to learn that Gottfried is providing the horse's voice). He also guest-starred in Hannah Montana as Barny Bittmen. In January 2009, Gottfried worked again with David Faustino for an episode of Faustino's show Star-ving.[7] In 2011, Gottfried appeared in the episode "Lost Traveler" on Law & Order: Special Victims Unit as Leo Gerber, a sarcastic computer professional working for the NYPD's Technical Assistance Response Unit, which producer Warren Leight said could become a recurring character.[8] Gottfried read a section from the hit book Fifty Shades of Grey in a June 2012 YouTube video, which was created with the aim of using Gottfried's trademark voice to make fun of the book's graphic sexual content.[9]
In 2013, Gottfried became a member of "Team Rachael" on the second season of Food Network's Rachael vs. Guy: Celebrity Cook-Off. In March 2013 he appeared on ABC's Celebrity Wife Swap. He swapped wives with Alan Thicke.[10] He is also a commentator on truTV Presents: World's Dumbest....
On May 28, 2014, Sideshow Network premiered Gilbert Gottfried's Amazing Colossal Podcast, an interview series where Gottfried and his co-host Frank Santopadre discuss classic movies and talk to "Hollywood legends and behind-the-scenes talents" who shaped Gottfried's childhood and influenced his comedy.[11] His first guest was Dick Cavett.
Gottfried was the third contestant fired during the fourteenth season of the NBC reality show The Celebrity Apprentice. In 2016 he played the 'Pig Man' in a comedy/fantasy film Abnormal Attraction.[12]
In 2017 he appeared as himself in Episodes, where a contestant on a fictional TV endurance gameshow is penalised with "48 hours of Gilbert Gottfried".
On 10 June 2018 he appeared in a special segment of Last Week Tonight with John Oliver where, for UK viewers only, a segment about the UK's law restricting broadcast of debates from the Houses of Parliament was replaced by 5 minutes of him reading "3 star Yelp reviews", along with John Oliver telling the viewers "you brought this on yourself because of your stupid law".
Personal life[edit]
In the late 1990s, Gottfried met Dara Kravitz at a Grammy Awards party. They were married in 2007 and have two children together, daughter Lily and son Max.[13] They reside in the Chelsea neighborhood of Manhattan. Gottfried was raised in a Jewish family, but he has commented on his podcast that he did not have a bar mitzvah.[14] One of his sisters was Arlene Gottfried, a New York Street photographer, who died in 2017.
Comedic style[edit]
Danny Gallagher of the Dallas Observer wrote that "Gottfried has one of the most original formulas in the history of comedy", adding: "You don't just laugh at the punchline when Gilbert Gottfried tells a joke. You laugh at the setup. You laugh at his comments about the joke. You even laugh at the segues between his jokes."[15] Gottfried is known for speaking in a loud and grating voice, which is not his natural speaking voice.[16] Mark Binneli of Rolling Stone described Gottfried as a "squinting, squawking mass of contradictions", noting his status as "one of America's filthiest stand-ups and one of the most successful voice-over artists in children's entertainment."[17] Gottfried is known for joking about recent tragedies. In a July 2012 op-ed for CNN, he wrote: "I have always felt comedy and tragedy are roommates. If you look up comedy and tragedy, you will find a very old picture of two masks. One mask is tragedy. It looks like it's crying. The other mask is comedy. It looks like it's laughing. Nowadays, we would say, 'How tasteless and insensitive. A comedy mask is laughing at a tragedy mask.'"[18]
Controversial jokes[edit]
1991 Emmy Awards[edit]
At the 43rd Primetime Emmy Awards, Gottfried made "an endless series of masturbation jokes" in reference to Paul Reubens' arrest for masturbating in an adult movie theater.[19] Viewers on the east coast saw the entire set live, but Fox censored the broadcast for the west coast delay.[20] Fox issued an apology, stating that Gottfried's jokes were "irresponsible and insulting".[19] Gottfried said that producers stated he would not be invited back,[21] and Rolling Stone wrote that the monologue resulted in him being "blacklisted".[17]
September 11 joke[edit]
During his monologue at a Friars Club roast of Hugh Hefner three weeks after the September 11 attacks, Gottfried joked that he had intended to catch a plane, but could not get a direct flight because "they said they have to stop at the Empire State Building first". This was one of the first public examples of 9/11 humor. Audience members responded with hisses and a cry of "Too soon!" Gottfried then abandoned his prepared remarks and launched into the venerable Aristocrats joke, winning back the audience.[22] Penn Jillette and Paul Provenza used Gottfried's monologue as a segment in their 2005 film The Aristocrats.[23]
Japanese tsunami jokes[edit]
In March 2011, Gottfried made a series of jokes on his Twitter account about the earthquake disaster in Japan.[24] Aflac, which does 75% of its business in Japan, responded by dismissing Gottfried from voicing its duck mascot on March 14, 2011, and announced a casting call for his replacement as the voice of the duck.[25] He was replaced by Daniel McKeague (who did an impression of Gottfried) on April 26, 2011.[26]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
1984 The House of God Paramedic
1985 Bad Medicine Tony Sandoval
1987 Beverly Hills Cop II Sidney Bernstein
1988 Hot to Trot Dentist
1988 Katy and the Katerpillar Kids X (voice, English version)
1989 Never on Tuesday Lucky Larry Lupin
1990 The Adventures of Ford Fairlane Johnny Crunch
1990 Seriously...Phil Collins Roger
1990 Problem Child Mr. Peabody
1991 Problem Child 2 Mr. Peabody
1991 Horror Hall of Fame 2 Boris
1992 Aladdin Iago the Parrot (voice)
1992 Highway to Hell Hitler
1994 Aladdin: The Return of Jafar Iago the Parrot (voice)
1994 Thumbelina Berkeley Beetle (Mr. Beetle) (voice)
1994 Saved By The Bell: Wedding In Las Vegas Burt Banner
1994 Double Dragon Walter
1995 The Magic Gift of the Snowman Charlatan (voice)
1995 Problem Child 3 Dr. Peabody
1996 Aladdin and the King of Thieves Iago the Parrot (voice)
1996 Escape from It's a Wonderful Life Angry man on porch
1996 Be Cool About Fire Safety Seymour Smoke
1997 Def Jam's How to Be a Player Tony the Doorman
1998 Dr. Dolittle Compulsive Dog (voice)
1999 Goosed Alan Levy
2001 Longshot Mr. Chadwick
2002 Mickey's House of Villains Iago the Parrot (voice)
2004 The Amazing Floydini Magic Store owner
2004 Back by Midnight Security Guard
2004 Funky Monkey Dr. Spleen
2004 Lemony Snicket's A Series of Unfortunate Events Duck
2005 The Aristocrats Himself
2006 Farce of the Penguins "I'm Freezing My Nuts Off" Penguin (voice)
2007 Disney Princess Enchanted Tales: Follow Your Dreams Iago the Parrot (voice)
2008 Gilbert Gottfried: Dirty Jokes Himself
2009 The Lindabury Story Himself
2009 Jack and the Beanstalk Grayson the Goose
2011 Miss December The Police Officer
2013 Beecher Baby Bouncer Himself
2014 A Million Ways to Die in the West Abraham Lincoln
2016 The Comedian's Guide to Survival Himself
2016 Abnormal Attraction Pig Man[12]
2016 Director's Cut Superintendent
2016 Unbelievable!!!! Major LeGrande Bushe
2016 Gender Bender Dr. Montalto
2016 Life, Animated Himself
2016 The Comedian Trevor Friedmann
2016 Hospital Arrest Jerome Carter
2017 Gilbert Himself
2017 80s Creature House Grim Reaper
2017 Animal Crackers Mario Zucchini (voice)
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1980–1981 Saturday Night Live Various characters Cast member; 12 episodes
1983–1984 Thicke of the Night Various characters
1987 The Cosby Show Mr. Babcock "Say Hello to a Good Buy"
1990 Superboy Nick-Nack (voice)
1991 Night Court Oscar Brown
1993–1995 Bonkers Two-Bits (voice) 2 episodes
1993 Problem Child Mr. Peabody
1994 Living Single Larry Friedlander
1994–1995 Aladdin Iago the Parrot (voice) 83 episodes
1994 Beavis and Butthead Gus Baker (voice)
The Ren & Stimpy Show Jerry the Bellybutton Elf / Porkchop Monster (voice)
1994–1997 Duckman Art DeSalvo (voice) Recurring role; 4 episodes
1994–1995 Wings Lewis Guest role; 3 episodes
1995 Married... with Children Himself "Ship Happens"
Adventures in Wonderland Mike McNasty "Pie Noon"
Bump in the Night Stink Bug (voice)
Aladdin on Ice Iago the Parrot (voice) TV movie
1995–1996 Twisted Tales of Felix the Cat Additional Characters (voice) 4 episodes
1996 Are You Afraid of the Dark? Roy "The Tale of Station 109.1"
In the House Mr. Comstock
Adventures from the Book of Virtues Additional voices
Escape From It's a Wonderful Life Angry man on porch
Big Bag Himself Troubles the Cat segment
1996–2000 Superman: The Animated Series Mister Mxyzptlk (voice) 2 episodes
1997 Bear in the Big Blue House Large Possum (voice)
1998 Cosby Cellmate "Fifteen Minutes of Fame"
Noddy Jack Frost "Jack Frost is Coming to Town"[27]
Hercules Cilon (voice)
1999 Dilbert Accounting Troll (voice) "Hunger"
Dr. Katz, Professional Therapist Himself Episodes 503 and 506
Timon & Pumbaa The Woodpecker (voice)
2000 Clerks: The Animated Series Jerry Seinfeld, Patrick Swayze (voices)
2001–2005 The Fairly OddParents Dr. Bender / Wendel (voices) 3 episodes
2001–2003 Disney's House of Mouse Iago the Parrot (voice) 7 episodes
2002–present Cyberchase Digit, Widget (voices) Daytime Emmy [Nominee]
Outstanding New Approaches - Daytime Children's
Daytime Emmy Awards 2009
2002 Son of the Beach Noccus Johnstein "Chip's A Goy" and Hamm Stroker's Suck My Blood
Celebrity Deathmatch Himself (voice) "Gottfried in the Arena"
2003 Becker Alan
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation Comic "Last Laugh"
2004 Home Movies Tonko the Parrot (voice)
The Tonight Show with Jay Leno Various sketches 8 episodes
VH1's Celebrity Paranormal Project and I Love Toys
Bravo's 100 Scariest Movie Moments Himself Part I: 100-81
2005 Billy and Mandy Save Christmas Santa Claus (voice)
2007 The Emperor's New School Additional voices Season 2, Episode 11
Family Guy Peter's Horse (voice)
My Gym Partner's a Monkey Rick Platypus (voice) "That Darn Platypus"
2008 Hannah Montana Barney Bitman "(We're So Sorry) Uncle Earl"
VH1's I Love the New Millennium 4 Episodes
The Comedy Central Roast: Bob Saget Himself
The Replacements Himself "A Buzzwork Orange"
Back at the Barnyard Barn Buddy (voice)
Big & Small Small (voice)
Sesame Street Denny the Distractor "Hurry Up, You're Running Out of Time"
The View Horny the Dwarf Joy's Month in ReView
The Weird Al Show Himself
Pyramid Himself Celebrity Guest
Hollywood Squares Himself Regular
2009 Star-ving Himself "Gilbert's Kid"
The Comedy Central Roast: Joan Rivers Himself
Seth MacFarlane's Cavalcade of Cartoon Comedy Himself
2010 'Til Death Tommy Guest starred
The Comedy Central Roast: David Hasselhoff Himself
Robotomy Tickle Me Psycho (voice) "The Playdate"
2011 The Comedy Central Roast: Donald Trump Himself
Law & Order: Special Victims Unit Leo Gerber
2012 The Comedy Central Roast: Roseanne Barr Himself
The Burn with Jeff Ross Himself
2013–2014 TruTV Presents: World's Dumbest... Himself
2013 Rachael vs. Guy: Celebrity Cook-Off Himself
Celebrity Wife Swap Himself "Gilbert Gottfried/Alan Thicke"
MAD Linkong, Father, Crash (voices)
2014 Randy Cunningham: 9th Grade Ninja Ranginald Bagel (voice)
The Celebrity Apprentice 7 Himself
Dinner with Friends with Brett Gelman and Friends Himself
Elf: Buddy's Musical Christmas Mr. Greenway (voice)
Last Comic Standing Himself
Big Brother 16 Otev (voice)
Newbridge Tourism Board Presents: We're Newbridge, We're Comin' To Get Ya! Himself
Anger Management Dudley Guest starred
2014–2016 Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Kraang Subprime (voice) 6 episodes
2016 Mighty Magiswords Prohyas' Stomach (voice) Guest starred
Sharknado: The 4th Awakens Ron McDonald TV movie
2017 The Marvelous Mrs. Maisel Strip Club MC Episode: "Pilot"
Justice League Action Mister Mxyztplk (voice) 3 episodes
Last Week Tonight with John Oliver Jared Kushner (voice) Season 4, Episodes 10 and 19
Sharknado 5: Global Swarming Ron McDonald TV movie
Episodes Himself Season 5, Episode 1
Cash Cab Himself
The Untitled Action Bronson Show Himself Season 1, Episode 7
2018 Transformers: Cyberverse TBA (voice)
Video games[edit]
Year
Title
Role
1999 Disney's Arcade Frenzy Iago the Parrot
2001 Disney's Aladdin in Nasira's Revenge Iago the Parrot
2002 Kingdom Hearts Iago the Parrot
2006 Kingdom Hearts II Iago the Parrot
2010 APB: All Points Bulletin Joker Ammo
2014 Lego Batman 3: Beyond Gotham Mister Mxyzptlk
Commercials[edit]
MTV (1980s)[28]
Pepsi (1991)[29]
Pop-Tarts: Voice of the Toaster (1995)[28]
Aflac: Voice of the Aflac duck (2000–2011)[25]
Subway (2000)[30]
Office XP: Voice of Clippy (2001)[31]
Glad (2003)[28]
Shoedini (2010)[32]
Easterns Automotive Group commercials (2012)[33][34]
Eat24 (2015 Super Bowl commercial)[35]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Gilbert Gottfried". The New York Times. republishing material by All Movie Guide. Archived from the original on May 2, 2014. Retrieved June 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ gilbertpodcast.com
Jump up ^ "About Gilbert". Gilbertgottfried.com. Archived from the original on October 25, 2012. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ Edgers, Geoff (October 30, 2014). "The first time Prince could have saved Saturday Night Live". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ Wright, Megh (October 3, 2012). "Saturday Night's Children: Gilbert Gottfried (1980–1981)". Splitsider. Retrieved August 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Cook, Ross, Corbett, Vega". Comedy Central. Retrieved September 15, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bill Jensen & Ryan Stewart (March 27, 2008). "The 100 unsexiest men in the world – Ultimate Lists". ThePhoenix.com. Archived from the original on December 20, 2010. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Keck's Exclusives: Gilbert Gottfried to Annoy SVU Cast - Today's News: Our Take". TVGuide.com. October 26, 2011. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Gilbert Gottfried reads Fifty Shades of Grey". Youtube.com. June 18, 2012. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ Itzkoff, Dave (March 10, 2013). "Vulgarity's Abrasive Master, but Not at Home". The New York Times. Retrieved April 7, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Sideshow Network". Archived from the original on July 1, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Abnormal Attraction (2016)". IMDb.
Jump up ^ "Discussion of: What It's Like Being Married to Gilbert Gottfried - 'NYT' takes a look at Gottfried's marriage ahead of 'Celebrity Wife Swap'". Newser.com. Retrieved April 6, 2013.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Gallagher, Danny (August 25, 2017). "Gilbert Gottfried Talks About the Voice that Made Him a Comedy Icon". Dallas Observer. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Melendez, Angel (August 25, 2017). "Gilbert Gottfried on Showbiz Stupidity and Hollywood Legends". Miami New Times. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark, Binelli (July 18, 2005). "Gilbert Gottfried: The Annoying Guy". Rolling Stone. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Gottfried, Gilbert (July 12, 2012). "If you don't want to hear an edgy joke, don't listen". CNN. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Koseluk, Chris (September 17, 2009). "Emmy timeline". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kuklenski, Valerie (August 21, 1991). "Blue Sunday at Emmy Awards". UPI. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Halle, Howard (December 15, 2005). "What's eating Gilbert Gottfried?". Time Out. Retrieved September 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ DiGiacomo, Frank (August 7, 2005). "Why Have a Night Like This in Times Like These?". The New York Observer. Retrieved May 25, 2013.
Jump up ^ Ebert, Roger (August 12, 2005). "The Aristocrats". Roger Ebert.com. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ "The 10 Worst Gilbert Gottfried Tsunami Jokes". BuzzFeed.
^ Jump up to: a b Cina, Mark (March 14, 2011). "Gilbert Gottfried Fired as Aflac Duck After Japan Tweets". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved March 15, 2011.
Jump up ^ "The Aflac Duck's New Voice Comes From a Minnesota Sales Manager". Yahoo. Archived from the original on April 30, 2011. Retrieved April 26, 2011.
Jump up ^ "NODDY - Jack Frost Is Coming to Town". KET. June 6, 1999. Archived from the original on November 5, 2013. Retrieved March 1, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Gilbert Gottfried bio". IMDb. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Rhodes, Joe (May 31, 1991). "Another Pop Culture Moment". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Macarthur, Kate (January 1, 2001). "Slim Subway spokesman has expanding influence". Advertising age. Retrieved February 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ Stenger, Richard (April 12, 2001). "Microsoft's 'Clippy' headed for the trash". CNN. Retrieved November 12, 2013.
Jump up ^ Gentilviso, Chris (August 18, 2010). "25 Worst (We Mean Best) Infomercials - Shoedini". Time. Retrieved April 2, 2013.
Jump up ^ Steinberg, Dan (June 25, 2012). "Brian Orakpo, Gilbert Gottfried do Eastern Motors jingle - DC Sports Bog". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 6, 2013.
Jump up ^ Paper, Baltimore City. "Eastern Motors with Gilbert Gottfried". citypaper.com. Retrieved January 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Brokenbough, Aaron (January 29, 2015). "Snoop Dogg and Gilbert Gottfried star in Eat24's Super Bowl commercial". Retrieved February 1, 2015.
External links[edit]
Official website
Gilbert Gottfried on IMDb
Gilbert Gottfried at the Internet Broadway Database
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
BNF: cb14182618r (data)
GND: 101903680X
ISNI: 0000 0003 6211 2019
LCCN: no2004093583
MusicBrainz: e271b6f4-ca5b-43ac-ab5d-ec9eea5ed066
SUDOC: 179323113
VIAF: 225400369
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gilbert_Gottfried&oldid=850567362"
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text:
Letter from Birmingham Jail
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Recreation of Martin Luther King's cell in Birmingham Jail at the National Civil Rights Museum
The Letter from Birmingham Jail, also known as the Letter from Birmingham City Jail and The Negro Is Your Brother, is an open letter written on April 16, 1963, by Martin Luther King Jr. The letter defends the strategy of nonviolent resistance to racism. It says that people have a moral responsibility to break unjust laws and to take direct action rather than waiting potentially forever for justice to come through the courts. Responding to being referred to as an "outsider," King writes, "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere".
The letter, written during the 1963 Birmingham campaign, was widely published, and became an important text for the American Civil Rights Movement.
Contents
1 Background
2 Summary and themes
3 Publication
4 Notes
5 References
5.1 Footnotes
5.2 Bibliography
6 Further reading
7 External links
Background[edit]
The Birmingham campaign began on April 3, 1963, with coordinated marches and sit-ins against racism and racial segregation in Birmingham, Alabama. The nonviolent campaign was coordinated by the Alabama Christian Movement for Human Rights (ACMHR) and King's Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC). On April 10, Circuit Judge W. A. Jenkins issued a blanket injunction against "parading, demonstrating, boycotting, trespassing and picketing." Leaders of the campaign announced they would disobey the ruling.[1] On April 12, King was roughly arrested with SCLC activist Ralph Abernathy, ACMHR and SCLC official Fred Shuttlesworth and other marchers, while thousands of African Americans dressed for Good Friday looked on.[2]
King was met with unusually harsh conditions in the Birmingham jail.[3] An ally smuggled in a newspaper from April 12, which contained A Call for Unity, a statement by eight white Alabama clergymen against King and his methods.[2] The letter provoked King, and he began to write a response on the newspaper itself. King writes in Why We Can't Wait: "Begun on the margins of the newspaper in which the statement appeared while I was in jail, the letter was continued on scraps of writing paper supplied by a friendly black trusty, and concluded on a pad my attorneys were eventually permitted to leave me."[4]
Summary and themes[edit]
The letter responded to several criticisms made by the "A Call for Unity" clergymen, who agreed that social injustices existed but argued that the battle against racial segregation should be fought solely in the courts, not the streets. As a minister, King responded to these criticisms on religious grounds. As an activist challenging an entrenched social system, he argued on legal, political, and historical grounds. As an African American, he spoke of the country's oppression of black people, including himself. As an orator, he used many persuasive techniques to reach the hearts and minds of his audience. Altogether, King's letter was a powerful defense of the motivations, tactics, and goals of the Birmingham campaign and the Civil Rights Movement more generally.
King began the letter by responding to the criticism that he and his fellow activists were "outsiders" causing trouble in the streets of Birmingham. To this, King referred to his responsibility as the leader of the SCLC, which had numerous affiliated organizations throughout the South. "I was invited" by our Birmingham affiliate "because injustice is here", in what is probably the most racially divided city in the country, with its brutal police, unjust courts, and many "unsolved bombings of Negro homes and churches."[5] Referring to his belief that all communities and states were interrelated, King wrote, "Injustice anywhere is a threat to justice everywhere. We are caught in an inescapable network of mutuality, tied in a single garment of destiny. Whatever affects one directly, affects all indirectly… Anyone who lives inside the United States can never be considered an outsider anywhere within its bounds."[6] King also warned that if white people successfully rejected his nonviolent activists as rabble-rousing outside agitators, this could encourage millions of African Americans to "seek solace and security in black nationalist ideologies, a development that will lead inevitably to a frightening racial nightmare."[7]
The clergymen also disapproved of tensions created by public actions such as sit-ins and marches. To this, King confirmed that he and his fellow demonstrators were indeed using nonviolent direct action in order to create "constructive" tension.[8] This tension was intended to compel meaningful negotiation with the white power structure, without which true civil rights could never be achieved. Citing previous failed negotiations, King wrote that the black community was left with "no alternative."[8] "We know through painful experience that freedom is never voluntarily given by the oppressor; it must be demanded by the oppressed."[9]
The clergymen also disapproved of the timing of public actions. In response, King said that recent decisions by the SCLC to delay its efforts for tactical reasons showed they were behaving responsibly. He also referred to the broader scope of history, when "'Wait' has almost always meant 'Never.'"[6] Declaring that African Americans had waited for these God-given and constitutional rights long enough, King quoted Chief Justice Earl Warren, who said in 1958 that "justice too long delayed is justice denied."[6] Listing numerous ongoing injustices toward black people, including himself, King said, "Perhaps it is easy for those who have never felt the stinging darts of segregation to say, 'Wait.'"[10] Along similar lines, King also lamented the "myth concerning time," by which white moderates assumed that progress toward equal rights was inevitable, so assertive activism was unnecessary.[11] King called it a "tragic misconception of time" to assume that its mere passage "will inevitably cure all ills."[11] Progress takes time as well as the "tireless efforts" of dedicated people of good will.[11]
Against the clergymen's assertion that demonstrations could be illegal, King argued that not only was civil disobedience justified in the face of unjust laws, but it was necessary and even patriotic. "I submit that an individual who breaks a law that conscience tells him is unjust, and who willingly accepts the penalty of imprisonment in order to arouse the conscience of the community over its injustice, is in reality expressing the highest respect for law."[12] King stated that an unjust law was a law that degraded a human personality. Citing Augustine of Hippo, Thomas Aquinas, Martin Buber, and Paul Tillich—and examples from the past and present—King described what makes laws just or unjust. For example, "A law is unjust if it is inflicted on a minority that, as a result of being denied the right to vote, had no part in enacting or devising the law."[13] In terms of obedience to the law, King stated that citizens have "not only a legal but a moral responsibility to obey just laws," and at the same time "to disobey unjust laws." [13] King stated that it is not morally wrong to disobey a law that pertains to one group of people differently than another. Alabama has used "all sorts of devious methods" to deny its black citizens their right to vote and thus preserve its unjust laws and broader system of white supremacy.[13] Segregation laws are immoral and unjust "because segregation distorts the soul and damages the personality. It gives the segregator a false sense of superiority and the segregated a false sense of inferiority."[14] Even some just laws, such as permit requirements for public marches, are unjust when used to uphold an unjust system.
King addressed the accusation that the Civil Rights Movement was "extreme", first disputing the label but then accepting it. Compared to other movements at the time, King finds himself as a moderate. However, in his devotion to his cause, King refers to himself as an extremist. Jesus and other great reformers were extremists: "So the question is not whether we will be extremists, but what kind of extremists we will be. Will we be extremists for hate or for love?"[15] King's discussion of extremism implicitly responded to numerous "moderate" objections to the ongoing movement, such as President Dwight D. Eisenhower's claim that he could not meet with civil rights leaders because doing so would require him to meet with the Ku Klux Klan.[16]
King expressed general frustration with both white moderates and certain "opposing forces in the Negro community."[17] He wrote that white moderates, including clergymen, posed a challenge comparable to that of white supremacists, in the sense that, "Shallow understanding from people of good will is more frustrating than absolute misunderstanding from people of ill will. Lukewarm acceptance is much more bewildering than outright rejection."[18] King asserted that the white church needed to take a principled stand or risk being "dismissed as an irrelevant social club."[19] Regarding the black community, King wrote that we need not follow "the 'do-nothingism' of the complacent nor the hatred and despair of the black nationalist."[17]
In closing the letter, King criticized the clergy's praise of the Birmingham police for maintaining order nonviolently. Recent public displays of nonviolence by the police were in stark contrast to their typical treatment of black people, and, as public relations, helped "to preserve the evil system of segregation."[19] Not only is it wrong to use immoral means to achieve moral ends, but also "to use moral means to preserve immoral ends."[20] Instead of the police, King praised the nonviolent demonstrators in Birmingham, "for their sublime courage, their willingness to suffer and their amazing discipline in the midst of great provocation. One day the South will recognize its real heroes."[21]
Publication[edit]
King promotes Why We Can't Wait
King wrote the letter on the margins of a newspaper, which was the only paper available to him, and then gave bits and pieces of the letter to his lawyers to take back to movement headquarters, where the pastor Wyatt Tee Walker and his secretary Willie Pearl Mackey began compiling and editing the literary jigsaw puzzle.[22]
An editor at The New York Times Magazine, Harvey Shapiro, asked King to write his letter for publication in the magazine, but the Times chose not to publish it.[23] Extensive excerpts from the letter were published, without King's consent, on May 19, 1963, in the New York Post Sunday Magazine.[24] The letter was first published as "Letter from Birmingham Jail" in the June 1963 issue of Liberation,[25] the June 12, 1963, edition of The Christian Century,[26] and in the June 24, 1963, issue of The New Leader. The letter gained more popularity as summer went on, and was reprinted in the July Atlantic Monthly as "The Negro Is Your Brother".[27] King included a version of the full text in his 1964 book Why We Can't Wait.[a]
The essay was highly anthologized, and was reprinted 50 times in 325 editions of 58 readers published between 1964 and 1996 that were intended for use in college-level composition courses.[28]
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ In a footnote introducing this chapter of the book, King wrote, "Although the text remains in substance unaltered, I have indulged in the author's prerogative of polishing it."[4]
References[edit]
Footnotes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Negroes To Defy Ban". The Tuscaloosa News. 145 (101). April 11, 1963. p. 21. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Rieder 2013, ch. "Meet Me in Galilee".
Jump up ^ Rieder 2013, ch. "Meet Me in Galilee": "King was placed alone in a dark cell, with no mattress, and denied a phone call. Was Connor's aim, as some thought, to break him?"
^ Jump up to: a b King 1964, p. 64.
Jump up ^ King 1964, pp. 65–66.
^ Jump up to: a b c King, Martin Luther. "Letter from a Birmingham Jail". Retrieved May 13, 2011.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 76.
^ Jump up to: a b King 1964, p. 65.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 68.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 69.
^ Jump up to: a b c King 1964, p. 74.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 72.
^ Jump up to: a b c King 1964, p. 71.
Jump up ^ King 1964, pp. 70–71.
Jump up ^ " "Letter from Birmingham Jail" (1963)", The King Center, accessed October 27, 2012.
Jump up ^ McCarthy 2010, p. 16.
^ Jump up to: a b King 1964, p. 75.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 73.
^ Jump up to: a b King 1964, p. 80.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 82.
Jump up ^ King 1964, p. 83.
Jump up ^ Wyatt Walker interview by Andrew Manis at New Caanan Baptist Church, New York City, April 20, 1989, p. 24. Transcription held at Birmingham Public Library, Birmingham, Alabama.
Jump up ^ Fox, Margalit (January 7, 2013). "Harvey Shapiro, Poet and Editor, Dies at 88". The New York Times. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bass 2001, p. 140.
Jump up ^ King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1963). "Letter from Birmingham Jail". Liberation: An Independent Monthly. Vol. 8 no. 4. pp. 10–16, 23. ISSN 0024-189X.
Jump up ^ Reprinted in Reporting Civil Rights, Part One - (pp. 777–794) - American Journalism 1941 - 1963. The Library of America
Jump up ^ Rieder 2013, ch. "Free at Last?".
Jump up ^ Bloom 1999.
Bibliography[edit]
Bass, S. Jonathan (2001). Blessed Are the Peacemakers: Martin Luther King, Jr., Eight White Religious Leaders, and the "Letter from Birmingham Jail". Baton Rouge, Louisiana: Louisiana State University Press. ISBN 978-0-8071-2655-4.
Bloom, Lynn Z. (1999). "The Essay Canon" (PDF). College English. 61 (4): 401–430. doi:10.2307/378920. ISSN 0010-0994. Retrieved January 18, 2012.
Fulkerson, Richard P. (1979). "The Public Letter as a Rhetorical Form: Structure, Logic, and Style in King's 'Letter from Birmingham Jail'". Quarterly Journal of Speech. 65 (2): 121–136. doi:10.1080/00335637909383465.
Gilbreath, Edward (2013). Birmingham Revolution: Martin Luther King Jr.'s Epic Challenge to the Church. Downers Grove, Illinois: InterVarsity Press. ISBN 978-0-8308-3769-4.
King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1964). Why We Can't Wait. New York: Signet Classic (published 2000). ISBN 978-0-451-52753-0.
McCarthy, Anna (2010). The Citizen Machine: Governing by Television in 1950s America. New York: The New Press. ISBN 978-1-59558-498-4.
Oppenheimer, David Benjamin (1993). "Martin Luther King, Walker v. City of Birmingham, and the Letter from Birmingham Jail" (PDF). U.C. Davis Law Review. 26 (4): 791–833. ISSN 0197-4564. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
Rieder, Jonathan (2013). Gospel of Freedom: Martin Luther King, Jr.'s Letter From Birmingham Jail. New York: Bloomsbury Press. ISBN 978-1-62040-058-6.
Snow, Malinda (1985). "Martin Luther King's 'Letter from Birmingham Jail' as Pauline Epistle". Quarterly Journal of Speech. 71 (3): 318–334. doi:10.1080/00335638509383739. ISSN 1479-5779.
Further reading[edit]
Bass, S. Jonathan (2014). "Letter from Birmingham Jail". Encyclopedia of Alabama. Alabama Humanities Foundation. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
Carpenter, C. C. J.; Durick, Joseph Aloysius; Grafman, Milton L.; Hardin, Paul; Harmon, Nolan Bailey; Murray, George M.; Ramage, Edward V.; Stallings, Earl (1963). Public Statement by Eight Alabama Clergymen (PDF). Retrieved October 12, 2017 – via Quia.
King, Martin Luther, Jr. (1963). Letter from Birmingham Jail (PDF). Stanford, California: The Martin Luther King, Jr., Research and Education Institute. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
"Letter from Birmingham Jail". Bhamwiki. 2017. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
"Martin Luther King, Jr. and Nonviolent Resistance". EDSITEment!. National Endowment for the Humanities. Retrieved October 12, 2017.
Walker v. Birmingham , 388 U.S. 307 (1967).
External links[edit]
Quotations related to Letter from Birmingham Jail at Wikiquote
Letter Birmingham Jail
A Reading of the Letter from Birmingham Jail on YouTube, from The Kirwan Institute for the Study of Race and Ethnicity
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A Bad Moms Christmas
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
A Bad Moms Christmas
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Scott Moore
Jon Lucas
Produced by
Suzanne Todd
Written by
Scott Moore
Jon Lucas
Starring
Mila Kunis
Kristen Bell
Kathryn Hahn
Cheryl Hines
Christine Baranski
Susan Sarandon
Music by
Christopher Lennertz
Cinematography
Mitchell Amundsen
Edited by
James Thomas
Production
company
Huayi Brothers Pictures
STXfilms
Distributed by
STXfilms
Release date
October 30, 2017 (2017-10-30) (Regency Village Theater)
November 1, 2017 (2017-11-01) (United States)
Running time
104 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$28 million[2]
Box office
$130.6 million[2]
A Bad Moms Christmas is a 2017 American Christmas comedy film written and directed by Jon Lucas and Scott Moore. It is a sequel to the 2016 film Bad Moms. The plot follows the three moms from the first film (Mila Kunis, Kristen Bell, and Kathryn Hahn) dealing with their own mothers (Christine Baranski, Cheryl Hines, and Susan Sarandon) visiting during the Christmas holiday.
Principal photography on the film began in Atlanta, Georgia in May 2017, and the film was released by STXfilms in the United States on November 1, 2017. It received mixed reviews, with criticism aimed at the thin story and raunchy jokes, and grossed over $130 million worldwide.[3]
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Release
4.1 Home media
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical response
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Amy (Mila Kunis) is now in a happy relationship with Jesse (Jay Hernandez) and is looking forward to having a simple Christmas. Her plans are derailed when her overly critical mother, Ruth (Christine Baranski), texts her to say she is coming for Christmas.
Meanwhile, Kiki (Kristen Bell) is still overworked with her four kids but now her husband Kent is much more helpful. Kiki is surprised when her mother Sandy (Cheryl Hines) shows up three days earlier than expected and is planning to spend the next three weeks with Kiki. Sandy’s love for Kiki is overwhelming, and smothering Kiki.
When Carla (Kathryn Hahn) gets home, her mother, Isis (Susan Sarandon), has arrived, telling her she intends to spend time with her for the first time in years. Surprised by this turn of events Carla is excited to spend time with her. Eventually, Amy, Kiki and Carla go to the mall where they express their misery over the holidays. But while commiserating about the pressures of the holidays they make a pact to “take Christmas back”. Ruth tries to create a spectacle out of Christmas, rather than keeping it simple like Amy wanted. In an effort to tamp down those plans Amy takes the family to Sky Zone to meet up with Kiki and Carla and their families. Ruth, Sandy and Isis all meet and chat while their daughters have fun with their kids.
At work, Carla meets an erotic dancer named Ty (Justin Hartley), who says he is competing in a Sexy Santa competition and he asks Carla to be his date, which she enthusiastically accepts. Kiki continues to have issues with her mother’s overbearing ways and decides to bring Sandy to Dr. Karl (Wanda Sykes) to discuss these issues. This leads to a breakdown in communication leading to Kiki scolding Sandy and causing her to leave the session.
Amy and Kiki join Carla as they attend the Sexy Santa show. All the ladies in the room are impressed with Ty's dancing. To everyone's surprise, Isis gets up on the bar and starts dancing with Ty. Carla runs up to get Ty back, leading to a fight. When Carla brings Isis home, Isis tells her she needs money for a new investment, but Carla knows she's just going to gamble it all away and then disappear from Carla's life like it's been for years. Nonetheless, Carla relents and loans Isis the money.
On Christmas Eve, Sandy tells Kiki that she put up a cash offer for the house next door so that she can live right next to Kiki. Finally, Kiki lashes out and tells Sandy she cannot live next door and that she wants some space. Sandy leaves the room crying.
Amy gets angry with Ruth when she discovers Ruth has invited a bunch of strangers over to her home to throw an elaborate Christmas party, exactly what Amy did not want. Amy loses her temper and demands everyone leave her home and tells Ruth to leave and get out of her life forever. Her kids, Jane and Dylan, witness this outburst and become upset with Amy. Meanwhile, Carla finds a note from Isis indicating she has just taken off with the money she lent her. Kiki is all alone as well.
Ruth goes to church for Midnight Mass and is, surprisingly, joined by Sandy and Isis. All the ladies criticize each other for their efforts as mothers, with each of them realizing their flaws. Amy’s father goes to her to talk about Ruth and the horrible fight they had, but acknowledging that while Ruth can be difficult to deal with, Ruth has always been incredibly insecure, always worried whether or not she was doing a good job as a mother, but she always had the right intentions and loved Amy unconditionally. Amy goes to the church, where Ruth is to try and repair her relationship with her mother. The two apologise to each other, with both confessing how much they genuinely love each other. Ruth tells Amy that she is a wonderful mother. The two embrace tightly. As the clock strikes midnight, Amy realises that she needs her mother to help her fix Christmas. The two rush home to start decorating the house properly.
On Christmas morning, Jane and Dylan go downstairs to see that Ruth has returned, the relationship has been repaired and the house looking wonderful with decorations and gifts. Kiki makes up with Sandy, who tells her she put the neighboring house on the market and admits that she's just always felt lonely on Christmas since Kiki's father died. Carla is then visited by Isis, who is serious about turning her life around and has a new job at Sky Zone.
All the families get together and Ruth, Sandy and Isis announce that they have become friends and are now planning to take a trip to Las Vegas.
Cast[edit]
Mila Kunis as Amy Mitchell
Kristen Bell as Kiki
Kathryn Hahn as Carla Dunkler
Christine Baranski as Ruth
Cheryl Hines as Sandy
Susan Sarandon as Isis Dunkler
Jay Hernandez as Jesse Harkness
Justin Hartley as Ty Swindle
Peter Gallagher as Hank
Oona Laurence as Jane Mitchell
Emjay Anthony as Dylan Mitchell
Wanda Sykes as Dr. Elizabeth Karl
Christina Applegate as Gwendolyn James
Lyle Brocato as Kent
Cade Cooksey as Jaxon
Ariana Greenblatt as Lori
Kenny G as himself
Production[edit]
In December 2016, it was announced that A Bad Moms Christmas would be released on November 3, 2017, and that it would be Christmas-themed, with Bell, Hahn, and Kunis returning to reprise their roles.[4][5] The release date was subsequently moved up two days to November 1, 2017.[6] In April 2017, Justin Hartley joined the cast of the film,[7] and in May 2017, Susan Sarandon, Christine Baranski, and Cheryl Hines joined as the mothers' mothers, alongside Wanda Sykes and Jay Hernandez reprising their roles from the first film.[8]
Principal photography on the film began in Atlanta, Georgia on May 1, 2017.[9][10]
Release[edit]
A Bad Moms Christmas was released on Wednesday, November 1, 2017. It was originally scheduled for November 3, 2017, but was pushed back two days to avoid direct competition with Thor: Ragnarok.[11]
Home media[edit]
The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray on February 6, 2018 in the United States and Canada.
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
A Bad Moms Christmas grossed $72.1 million in the United States and Canada, and $58.5 million in other territories, for a worldwide total of $130.6 million, against a production budget of $28 million.[2]
In North America, the film was projected to gross around $25 million from 3,615 theaters in its first five days (including $17 million over the weekend).[12] It took in $2.7 million on its first day,[13] and $17 million over the weekend, for a five-day total of $21.6 million, finishing second at the box office behind Thor: Ragnarok.[14]
Critical response[edit]
On review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes, the film holds an approval rating of 29% based on 108 reviews with an average rating of 4.5/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "Featuring twice the moms but roughly half the laughs, A Bad Moms Christmas is a slapdash holiday sequel that falls short of the original with a disappointing dearth of good cheer."[15] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating to reviews, the film has a weighted average score of 42 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews".[16] Audiences polled by CinemaScore gave the film an average grade of "B" on an A+ to F scale, down from the "A" earned by the first film, while PostTrak reported filmgoers gave it a "very low" 68% overall positive score.[13]
Owen Gleiberman of Variety gave the film a mixed review, writing, "A Bad Moms Christmas should appeal to the same—dare I say it?—demo that Bad Moms did, even though it’s not nearly as wild a comedy. It has one halfway original idea, which is that when you’re a mom yourself, the ability of your own mom to drive you nuts is heightened to the third power, because you’re competing on levels that are almost primal."[17] Pete Hammond of Deadline Hollywood gave the film a positive review, calling it a "good time movie" and writing: "...it goes way over the top, but I have to confess I laughed—a lot—and that’s obviously the point even if this is not critic’s fodder or meant to be. Subtle this is not, but A Bad Moms Christmas is the perfect tonic to lift your spirits and forget your troubles in these dark times."[18]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "A BAD MOMS CHRISTMAS (15)". British Board of Film Classification. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "A Bad Moms Christmas (2017)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved January 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Giles, Jeff (November 2, 2017). "Thor: Ragnarok is Certified Fresh". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved November 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ A. Lincoln, Ross (December 23, 2016). "'Bad Moms Christmas' Is A Go: Comedy Sequel Reuniting Original Cast Set For November 2017 Release". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved December 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ McNary, Dave (December 23, 2016). "'Bad Moms' Christmas Sequel in the Works for Late 2017 Release". Variety. Retrieved December 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "'A Bad Moms Christmas' Trailer: Santa Lap Dancing, Susan Sarandon & Naked Justin Hartley". Deadline Hollywood. September 6, 2017. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ N'Duka, Amanda (April 11, 2017). "'This Is Us' Star Justin Hartley Cast In 'Bad Moms' Sequel". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Busch, Anita (May 2, 2017). "Susan Sarandon, Christine Baranski, Cheryl Hines & Peter Gallagher Join 'A Bad Moms Christmas'". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved May 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Evry, Max (May 2, 2017). "Bad Moms Christmas Adds Hines, Baranski & Sarandon". ComingSoon.net. Retrieved May 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ "A Bad Mom's Christmas". Directors Guild of America. Retrieved May 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ Dave McNary (October 31, 2017). "'Thor: Ragnarok,' 'Bad Moms Christmas' to Spark a Lackluster Box Office". Retrieved October 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (October 30, 2017). "How Suzanne Todd Looks To Restore Laughter At The B.O. With STX's 'A Bad Moms Christmas'". Retrieved October 31, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Anthony D'Alessandro. "'A Bad Moms Christmas' Purses Est. $2.7M Opening Day". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro. "'Thor: Ragnarok' Flexes His Box Office Muscles To $120M–$122M Opening – Early Sunday AM Update". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved November 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "A Bad Moms Christmas (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "A Bad Moms Christmas reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved November 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen (November 1, 2017). "Film Review: 'A Bad Moms Christmas'". Variety. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ Hammond, Pete (November 1, 2017). "A Bad Mom's Christmas' Review: Double Mother Lode Of Laughs In Raunchy Holiday Sequel". Deadline Hollywood. Retrieved November 1, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
A Bad Moms Christmas on IMDb
A Bad Moms Christmas on Rotten Tomatoes
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=A_Bad_Moms_Christmas&oldid=853659753"
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