text:
Snow White and the Huntsman
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Snow White and the Huntsman
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Rupert Sanders
Produced by
Joe Roth
Sam Mercer
Screenplay by
Evan Daugherty
John Lee Hancock
Hossein Amini
Story by
Evan Daugherty
Based on
Snow White
by the Brothers Grimm
Starring
Kristen Stewart
Charlize Theron
Chris Hemsworth
Sam Claflin
Ian McShane
Bob Hoskins
Ray Winstone
Nick Frost
Toby Jones
Music by
James Newton Howard
Cinematography
Greig Fraser
Edited by
Conrad Buff
Neil Smith
Production
company
Roth Films
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release date
May 30, 2012 (2012-05-30) (United Kingdom)
June 1, 2012 (2012-06-01) (United States)
Running time
127 minutes[1]
Country
United States[2][3]
Language
English
Budget
$170 million[4]
Box office
$396.6 million[5]
Snow White and the Huntsman is a 2012 American fantasy film based on the German fairy tale "Snow White" compiled by the Brothers Grimm. The film is the directorial debut of Rupert Sanders, with a screenplay by Evan Daugherty, John Lee Hancock and Hossein Amini, from a screen story by Daugherty. In the film's retelling of the tale, Snow White grows up imprisoned by her evil stepmother, Queen Ravenna, a powerful sorceress. After Snow White escapes into the forest, Ravenna tells Eric, the Huntsman that she will bring back his dead wife if he captures Snow White.
The cast includes Kristen Stewart as Snow White, Charlize Theron as Queen Ravenna, Chris Hemsworth as Eric, the huntsman, Sam Claflin as William, Snow White's childhood friend, and Bob Hoskins as the dwarf seer in his final film appearances. The film received two Academy Award nominations for Best Visual Effects and Best Costume Design at the 85th Academy Awards. It was a success at the box office, earning $396.6 million worldwide against a $170 million budget. Although critics praised the production design, visual effects, Theron and Hemsworth's performances, musical score, and action sequences; Stewart and Claflin's performances received mixed reviews, and the screenplay was heavily criticized.
A prequel/sequel, titled The Huntsman: Winter's War, directed by the first film's visual effects supervisor Cedric Nicolas-Troyan, was released on April 22, 2016, with Hemsworth, Theron, Claflin, and Nick Frost reprising their roles. Stewart did not reprise her role, but appeared in archive footage.
Contents
1 Plot
2 Cast
2.1 The Dwarves
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Casting
3.3 Filming
4 Release
4.1 Home media
5 Reception
5.1 Box office
5.2 Critical reaction
6 Accolades
7 Prequel/Sequel
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Plot[edit]
While admiring a rose blooming in the winter, Queen Eleanor of the kingdom of Tabor pricks her finger on one of its thorns. Three drops of blood fall onto the snow-covered ground, and she wishes for a daughter as white as the snow, with lips as red as the blood, hair as black as a raven's wings and a heart as strong and defiant as the rose. Queen Eleanor gives birth to her daughter, Snow White, but falls ill and dies several years later. After her death, Snow White's father, King Magnus, and his army battle an invading dark army of demonic glass soldiers. Upon rescuing their prisoner Ravenna, the King becomes enchanted with her beauty and marries her.
Ravenna is in fact a powerful sorceress and the Dark Army's master. On their wedding night, Ravenna confesses there was a king much like Magnus that hurt her. She declares she cannot be a weak queen and kills Magnus before unleashing her invading army upon the kingdom. Snow White's childhood friend William and his father, Duke Hammond, escape the castle but are unable to rescue her, and she is captured by Ravenna's brother Finn and locked away in the north tower of the castle for many years.
Tabor is ruined under Queen Ravenna's rule as she periodically drains the youth from the kingdom's young women in order to maintain a spell, cast over her as a child by her mother, which allows her to keep her youthful beauty. When Snow White comes of age, Ravenna learns from her Magic Mirror that her stepdaughter Snow White is destined to destroy her unless the Queen consumes the young girl's heart, which will make her truly immortal. Queen Ravenna orders Finn to bring her Snow White's heart, but Snow White escapes into the Dark Forest, where Ravenna has no power. Ravenna makes a bargain with Eric the Huntsman, a widower and drunkard, to capture Snow White, promising to bring his wife back to life in exchange. The Huntsman tracks down Snow White, but when Finn reveals that Queen Ravenna does not actually have the power to revive the dead, the Huntsman helps Snow White escape. Meanwhile, Finn gathers another band of men to find her, and the Duke and his son William learn that she is alive. William leaves the castle on his own to find her, joining Finn's band as a bowman.
The Huntsman and Snow White leave the Dark Forest, where she saves his life by charming a huge troll that attacks them. They make their way to a fishing village populated by women who have disfigured themselves to make themselves useless to the Queen. While there, the Huntsman learns Snow White's true identity, and initially leaves her in the care of the women. He soon returns when he sees the village being burned down by Finn's men. Snow White and the Huntsman evade them and eventually meet a band of eight dwarves. The blind dwarf Muir perceives that Snow White is the daughter of the former king, and the only person who can defeat Ravenna and end her reign.
As they travel through a fairy sanctuary, Snow White encounters a White Hart, but as Snow White approaches the deer, the group is attacked by Finn and his men. A battle ensues during which one of the dwarfs, Gus, and Finn and his men are killed, while William reveals himself. William joins the group which continues the journey to Hammond's castle.
Halfway to Duke Hammond's castle, Queen Ravenna disguises herself as William and tempts Snow White into eating a poisoned apple, but is forced to flee when the Huntsman and William discover her. William kisses Snow White, whose body is taken to Hammond's castle. As she lies in repose, the Huntsman professes his regret for not saving Snow White, who reminds him of his late wife, Sara; and he kisses her. The spell broken, Snow White awakens and walks into the courtyard; rallying the Duke's army to mount a siege against Queen Ravenna.
The dwarves infiltrate the castle through the sewers and open the gates, allowing the Duke's army inside. Snow White confronts Queen Ravenna, but is overpowered. Queen Ravenna is about to kill Snow White and consume her heart. Eventually, Snow White uses a move the Huntsman taught her and mortally wounds Queen Ravenna, and Duke Hammond's army is victorious. With Queen Ravenna defeated, the kingdom once again enjoys peace and harmony as Snow White is crowned queen.
Cast[edit]
Kristen Stewart as Snow White[6]
Raffey Cassidy as young Snow White
Chris Hemsworth as Eric the Huntsman
Charlize Theron as Queen Ravenna, Snow White's evil stepmother
Izzy Meikle-Small as young Ravenna
Sam Claflin as William, son of Duke Hammond
Xavier Atkins as young William
Sam Spruell as Finn, Ravenna's brother and enforcer
Elliot Reeve as young Finn
Vincent Regan as Duke Hammond, William's father
Lily Cole as Greta, a young girl who befriends Snow White
Noah Huntley as King Magnus, Snow White's father
Liberty Ross as Queen Eleanor, Snow White's mother
Chris Obi as the voice of Mirror Man, the physical form of the Magic Mirror
Rachael Stirling as Anna
Hattie Gotobed as Lily
Greg Hicks as Black Knight General
Peter Ferdinando as Black Knight
Anastasia Hille as Ravenna's Mother
Annabelle Wallis as Sara, The Huntsman's Wife
The Dwarves[edit]
Ian McShane as Beith, the leader of the Dwarves.
Bob Hoskins as Muir, the blind elder Dwarf, who possesses the powers of premonition. This was Hoskins's final role before his retirement from acting (and his death) due to Parkinson's disease.
Ray Winstone as Gort, an ill-tempered Dwarf.
Nick Frost as Nion,[7] Beith's right-hand man.
Toby Jones as Coll, Duir's brother.
Eddie Marsan as Duir, Coll's brother.
Johnny Harris as Quert, Duir's son.
Brian Gleeson as Gus, the youngest of the Dwarfs who develops a bond with Snow White.
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
Evan Daugherty initially wrote the screenplay in 2003, when he was studying at NYU.[8] At the time reboots of fairy tales were not a popular film genre and according to Daugherty "no one really knew what to do with it" [8] More problems came when the release of Terry Gilliam's The Brothers Grimm (2005) flopped at the box office which caused potential buyers to be hesitant about the script.[8] The script was finally greenlit after the success of Tim Burton's Alice in Wonderland (2010).[8]
Casting[edit]
Theron & Stewart at Wondercon 2012 in Anaheim, California on March 2012.
Film producers considered casting a lesser-known actress for the role of Snow White, with mention of Riley Keough, Felicity Jones, Bella Heathcote, Alicia Vikander, and Rachel Maxwell as possible picks. This idea became less likely as known actresses Dakota Fanning and Kristen Stewart were later rumored to be short-listed for the role.[9] On March 4, 2011 a series of tweets from co-producer Palak Patel confirmed that Stewart was offered the role.[10] Winona Ryder was initially considered to play Queen Ravenna, before the role went to Charlize Theron.[11] Tom Hardy was supposedly first offered the role of Eric, the Huntsman, but turned down the offer. The role was then apparently offered to Michael Fassbender,[12] and then Johnny Depp, but both claim to have declined it.[13] Viggo Mortensen was said to have been in negotiations with Universal for the part, but supposedly turned down the role, too.[14] It was claimed that Hugh Jackman was offered the role, but that he declined.[15] In 2011, Thor star Chris Hemsworth was eventually cast in the role of the Huntsman.[16] The Dwarfs were played by actors of average height who had their faces digitally superimposed onto small bodies. This caused a protest from the Little People of America.[17]
Filming[edit]
The Marloes Sands filming location for Snow White & the Huntsman
Principal photography took place in the United Kingdom.[18] The beach scenes were predominantly filmed in Pembrokeshire, on the Marloes Sands beach near the village of Marloes between September 26 and 29, 2011.[19] Though the beach was not closed to the public during filming, as filming progressed, certain parts were advised to be off limits. A computer-generated castle was set on nearby Gateholm island. A field above the beach was used for production purposes, and a special wooden ramp was built for vehicles and horses to access the beach.[citation needed] The film used academic consultants from the University of Chichester and the University of Oxford for back-up research on fairy tales and medieval battles.[20] The English band Florence and the Machine recorded "Breath of Life" exclusively for the film, which was reportedly inspired by Theron's character Queen Ravenna.[21][22]
Release[edit]
The film had its premiere on May 14, 2012, at the Empire, Leicester Square, in London.[23]
Home media[edit]
The film was released on DVD and Blu-ray in Region 1 on September 11, 2012,[24] with both the theatrical version (127 minutes) and an extended version (132 minutes) available on both formats. The film was released on the same formats in Region 2 on October 1, 2012.[25]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
Hemsworth at the Snow White and the Huntsman movie premiere, Sydney in June 2012.
Snow White and the Huntsman earned $155,332,381 in North America, along with $241,260,448 in other territories, for a worldwide total of $396,592,829.[5] In North America, the film earned $1,383,000 from midnight showings.[26] For its opening day, the film topped the box office with $20,468,525.[27] It debuted in first place at the box office during its opening weekend with $56,217,700.[28] It is the seventeenth highest-grossing 2012 film.[29] Outside North America, Snow White and the Huntsman had an opening of $39.3 million, ranking second overall for the weekend behind Men in Black 3; however, it ranked number 1 in 30 countries.[30]
Critical reaction[edit]
Stewart at the Snow White and the Huntsman premiere, Sydney in June 2012.
Snow White and the Huntsman received mixed reviews from critics. The film has a 48% score on Rotten Tomatoes based on 221 reviews, with an average rating of 5.6/10. The site's consensus states: "While it offers an appropriately dark take on the fairy tale that inspired it, Snow White & the Huntsman is undone by uneven acting, problematic pacing, and a confused script."[31] On Metacritic, the film has a score of 57 out of 100, based on 39 critics, indicating "mixed or average reviews". CinemaScore polls conducted revealed the average grade that filmgoers gave the film was a "B" on an A+ to F scale.[32]
David Edelstein of New York praised the film's revisionist tone and said the film was "strongly influenced by a lot of smart, feminist thinking".[33] Roger Ebert gave the film 3.5 stars out of 4.[34] A.O. Scott of The New York Times praised Theron's performance and also wrote, "Though it is an ambitious – at times mesmerizing – application of the latest cinematic technology, the movie tries to recapture some of the menace of the stories that used to be told to scare children rather than console them."[35] Owen Gleiberman of Entertainment Weekly wrote, "Ravenna hates living in a world where men can feed on women's beauty and then toss them away. She's a fascist of feminism, and Theron's acting has the blood of operatic anger coursing through it."[36] Betsy Sharkey of the Los Angeles Times said the film is, "an absolute wonder to watch and creates a warrior princess for the ages. But what this revisionist fairy tale does not give us is a passionate love – its kisses are as chaste as the snow is white."[37] Rolling Stone's Peter Travers called it "a visual marvel" while noting that Stewart "morphs convincingly from a skittish girl into a determined warrior princess."[38] MSN news said that Stewart "grows into her character, it seems, and eventually got this reviewer completely on her side.[39] Colin Covert of the Minneapolis Star Tribune gave the film 4/4 stars.[40] Peter Bradshaw of The Guardian said that while the film is "less jokey than the recent Mirror Mirror", "this Twilightified fairytale has the same basic problem," and that, "The result is tangled and overblown."[41] Mick LaSalle of the San Francisco Chronicle called it "[a] slow, boring film that has no charm and is highlighted only by a handful of special effects and Charlize Theron's truly evil queen."[42] Michael O'Sullivan of the Washington Post also gave the film a negative review: "Overlong, overcrowded, overstimulating and with an over-the-top performance by Charlize Theron as the evil queen Ravenna, the movie is a virtual orchard of toxic excess, starting with the unnecessarily sprawling cast of characters."[43] Lisa Kennedy of the Denver Post gave the film two out of four stars and said, "Only Bob Hoskins as the blind seer Muir comes close to making us care. We can almost glean Snow White's heroic possibilities through his clouded eyes. As much as we'd like to, we certainly can't from Stewart's efforts."[44] Scott Foundas states that "Stewart’s Snow White... pouts her lips, bats her bedroom eyes, and scarcely seems to have more on her mind than who might take her to the senior prom—let alone the destiny of an entire kingdom."[45] Richard Roeper gave the movie a B+, calling it "Vastly superior to Mirror, Mirror", and praising Theron and Stewart's performances.[46]
Accolades[edit]
List of awards and nominations
Year
Recipient
Award
Category
Result
2012 Charlize Theron Teen Choice Award Choice Movie: Hissy Fit Won
Kristen Stewart Teen Choice Award Choice Summer Movie Star: Female Won
Chris Hemsworth Teen Choice Award Choice Summer Movie Star: Male (also for The Avengers) Won
Sam Claflin Teen Choice Award Choice Movie: Breakout Nominated
Charlize Theron Teen Choice Award Choice Movie: Villain Nominated
Charlize Theron Teen Choice Award Choice Summer Movie Star: Female (also for Prometheus) Nominated
Chris Hemsworth GQ Award GQ Men Of The Year Award for International Breakthrough Won
Colleen Atwood Gucci Award Best Costume Design Nominated
Florence and the Machine World Soundtrack Awards Best Original Song Written Directly for a Film Nominated
Chris Munro and Craig Henighan Satellite Award Best Sound (Editing & Mixing) Nominated
Wild Card and Universal Pictures Golden Trailer Award Best Action (for "Forever") Won
Universal Pictures Golden Trailer Award Best Summer Blockbuster 2012 TV Spot (for "Ravenna") Won
Universal Pictures Golden Trailer Award Best Motion/Title Graphics (for "Domestic Trailer 2") Nominated
Universal Pictures and Wild Card Golden Trailer Award Best Summer Blockbuster 2012 TV Spot (for "Bound") Nominated
Universal Pictures and Aspect Ratio Golden Trailer Award Best Summer Blockbuster 2012 TV Spot (for "Kingdom") Nominated
Universal Pictures and Wild Card Golden Trailer Award Best in Show (for "Forever") Nominated
Cedric Nicolas-Troyan, Philip Brennan, Neil Corbould, and Michael Dawson St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association Best Visual Effects Nominated
Greig Fraser San Diego Film Critics Society Awards Special Award Won
2012 People's Choice Awards Favorite Film Nominated
2013 Chris Hemsworth People's Choice Awards Favorite Action Movie Star (also for The Avengers) Nominated
Charlize Theron People's Choice Awards Favorite Dramatic Movie Actress (also for Prometheus) Nominated
Kristen Stewart and Chris Hemsworth People's Choice Awards Favorite On-Screen Chemistry Nominated
Kristen Stewart People's Choice Awards Favorite Face of Heroism Nominated
Colleen Atwood Academy Awards Best Costume Design Nominated
Cedric Nicolas-Troyan, Philip Brennan, Neil Corbould, and Michael Dawson Academy Awards Best Visual Effects Nominated
Kristen Stewart Golden Raspberry Awards Worst Actress (also for The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2) Won
Film Saturn Awards Best Fantasy Film Nominated
Charlize Theron Saturn Awards Best Supporting Actress Nominated
Colleen Atwood Saturn Awards Best Costume Nominated
Cedric Nicolas-Troyan, Philip Brennan, Neil Corbould and Michael Dawson Saturn Awards Best Special Effects Nominated
Kristen Stewart 2013 MTV Movie Awards Best Hero Nominated
Prequel/Sequel[edit]
Main article: The Huntsman: Winter's War
A sequel was planned, with director Rupert Sanders in talks to return.[citation needed] In August 2012, The Hollywood Reporter reported that the sequel was shelved in the aftermath of the scandal involving Sanders cheating on his wife with Stewart and that a spin-off film concentrating on the Huntsman was planned instead, which would not star Stewart.[47] Universal announced a few days later that they were not shelving the sequel.[48] A 2012 report stated that Universal has authorized a sequel[49] and Stewart was set to reprise her role, but without Sanders to return as the director due to the scandal.[50] The script was written and production was set to begin in 2013.[49]
The film was originally scheduled for release in 2015.[51] In September 2013, Chris Hemsworth stated he did not know anything about the sequel while speaking to E!.[52] On June 4, 2014, Deadline reported that Frank Darabont, Gavin O'Connor and Andrés Muschietti were on the shortlist to direct the sequel.[53] On June 26, 2014, Deadline reported that Darabont was in talks to direct the sequel.[54] Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer and Legendary Pictures were set to co-finance the film with Universal but dropped out and were replaced by Perfect World Pictures. On July 31, 2014, the project was described as a prequel titled The Huntsman scheduled for April 22, 2016, which would not star Stewart as Snow White.[55] In January 2015, Darabont left the project as director,[56] but the third leading role was set with Emily Blunt. It was later announced that Cedric Nicolas-Troyan would take over as the new director for the film.[57][58] Nick Frost will return as Dwarf Nion and Jessica Chastain will star.[59] On March 18, 2015, Rob Brydon, Alexandra Roach and Sheridan Smith were added to the cast as dwarves.[60] TheWrap confirmed on May 7, 2015, that Sam Claflin would return as William in this sequel.[61]
It was later revealed that the film would feature Ravenna's sister, the Ice Queen, and would reveal the origins of the Huntsman, while also continuing the story of the first film.[62]
See also[edit]
Film portal
Mirror Mirror, another 2012 film based on the tale of Snow White, starring Lily Collins as Snow White and Julia Roberts as the Queen Clementianna, Snow White's evil stepmother.
Maleficent, similar dark/modern take on an old fairy tale
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "SNOW WHITE AND THE HUNTSMAN (12A)". British Board of Film Classification. May 11, 2012. Retrieved March 23, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Snow White and the Huntsman". European Audiovisual Observatory. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Snow White and the Huntsman". AFI.
Jump up ^ Masters, Kim (May 23, 2012). "Battleship Fallout: Lessons From a Box Office Sinking". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on January 28, 2013. Retrieved 23 May 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b "Snow White and the Huntsman (2012)". Box Office Mojo. Amazon.com. Archived from the original on January 30, 2013. Retrieved September 13, 2012.
Jump up ^ "We are pleased to confirm the Snow White and the Huntsman cast will be Kristen Stewart, Charlize Theron, Chris Hemsworth and Sam Claflin". Twitter. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ Fischer, Russ (July 13, 2011). "Nick Frost is the Final Dwarf in 'Snow White and the Huntsman'". /Film. Archived from the original on June 14, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Berkshire, Geoff. "'Snow White and the Huntsman' writer Evan Daugherty on reviews, casting Kristen Stewart and getting 'fired'". Hitflix. Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ "Kristen Stewart: 'Snow White And The Huntsman' Casting Talks". The Huffington. Archived from the original on February 29, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Kristen is Officially Playing 'Snow White'". BlogSpot.com. March 2011. Archived from the original on July 28, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ Sterling Wong (February 8, 2011). "'Snow White' Lands Julia Roberts As Evil Queen, So How Does She Stack Up Against Charlize Theron?". MoviesBlog.MTV.com. Archived from the original on October 17, 2012. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Movie Review: Snow White and the Huntsman". ourmidland.com. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ Jeff Sneider. "Exclusive: Johnny Depp Offered a Date With 'Snow White'". The Wrap. Archived from the original on January 21, 2014. Retrieved June 7, 2012.
Jump up ^ Labrecque, Jeff (March 26, 2011). "Viggo Mortensen dumps Snow White ... for Superman?". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 19, 2013. Retrieved March 28, 2011.
Jump up ^ Sara Vilkomerson (April 13, 2011). "Hugh Jackman no longer in talks for 'Snow White'". InsideMovies.EW.com. Archived from the original on December 20, 2013. Retrieved April 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ "IMDb entry with Chris Hemsworth as Huntsman". Deadline.com. Archived from the original on December 21, 2013. Retrieved July 25, 2011.
Jump up ^ Guy Adams (June 7, 2012). "Dwarfs threaten '100-midget march' over Snow White and the Huntsman film". The Independent (UK. Archived from the original on June 10, 2012. Retrieved June 16, 2012.
Jump up ^ Thomas, Holly; Watkins, Jade; McCormack, Kirsty (November 10, 2011). "Kristen Stewart looks all worked out as she continues to film Snow White And The Huntsman". Daily Mail. London. Mail Online. Archived from the original on November 11, 2011. Retrieved November 11, 2011.
Jump up ^ McDowell, Martin (September 21, 2011). "Filming Snow White and the Huntsman at Marloes Sands". Archived from the original on January 28, 2012. Retrieved May 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ Nick Clark (March 20, 2012). "Philip Pullman to publish new adaptations of Grimm's Fairy Tales". The Independent. London. Archived from the original on March 22, 2014. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Florence And The Machine debut new song 'Breath Of Life' – listen". NME. IPC Media. April 26, 2012. Archived from the original on September 28, 2013. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
Jump up ^ Bell, Crystal (April 26, 2012). "Florence And The Machine, 'Breath Of Life': Singer Releases New 'Snow White And The Huntsman' Track". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on October 3, 2013. Retrieved April 28, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Watch Snow White and the Huntsman world première LIVE on MailOnline". Daily Mail. London. Mail Online. May 14, 2012.
Jump up ^ Hertzfeld, Laura (July 24, 2012). "'Snow White and the Huntsman': Watch an exclusive clip from the upcoming DVD/Blu-ray release -- VIDEO". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on October 13, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Snow White and the Huntsman [DVD] [2012]". Amazon.com. Archived from the original on June 7, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Subers, Ray (May 31, 2012). "Forecast: 'Snow White' Goes to War This Weekend". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on December 27, 2013. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Subers, Ray (June 2, 2012). "Friday Report: 'Snow White' Conquers the Box Office". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Subers, Ray (June 3, 2012). "Weekend Report: 'Snow White' Takes Big Bite Out of Box Office Apple". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on October 30, 2013. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "2012 Yearly Box Office Results - Box Office Mojo". boxofficemojo.com. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "'Snow White and the Huntsman' takes $20.3M bite of Friday box-office apple, eyes $55M weekend". Chicago Tribune. June 2, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Snow White and the Huntsman". Rotten Tomatoes. Archived from the original on February 14, 2014. Retrieved June 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ Young, John (June 2, 2012). "Box office update: 'Snow White and the Huntsman' leads with $20.3 mil on Friday; 'The Avengers' becomes third biggest movie of all time". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on February 22, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Edelstein, David. "Grim and Grimmer". New York Magazine. Archived from the original on January 12, 2014. Retrieved May 30, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Snow White and the Huntsman (PG13) Review". Roger Ebert.com. May 30, 2012. Archived from the original on January 12, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Scott, A. O. (May 31, 2012). "Movie Review The Darker Side of the Story 'Snow White and the Huntsman,' With Kristen Stewart". The New York Times. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Gleiberman, Owen (June 1, 2012). "Movie Review: Snow White and the Huntsman". Entertainment Weekly. Archived from the original on January 12, 2014. Retrieved July 20, 2012.
Jump up ^ Sharkey, Betsy (June 1, 2012). "Movie review: Forget fair, 'Snow White and the Huntsman' is fierce". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on January 12, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Travers, Peter (May 31, 2012). "Snow White and the Huntsman | Movie Reviews". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on April 7, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Kenny, Glenn. "'Snow White' Saved by Dwarves". MSN Movies. Archived from the original on January 13, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Covert, Colin (June 1, 2012). "Folk tale meets fabulous blockbuster in 'Snow White'". Star Tribune. Archived from the original on January 12, 2014. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Bradshaw, Peter (May 31, 2012). "Snow White and the Huntsman – review". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on April 27, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Mick LaSalle (June 1, 2012). "'Snow White and the Huntsman' review: Dwarfed". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on April 27, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Snow White and the Huntsman Review". The Washington Post. June 1, 2012. Retrieved June 2, 2012.
Jump up ^ Kennedy, Lisa (June 1, 2012). "Movie review: Something awry in serious "Snow White and the Huntsman" Grimm fairy tale remake". Denver Post. Archived from the original on April 27, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Foundas on Film: "Snow White and the Huntsman" & "Hemingway & Gellhorn" - Film Comment". filmcomment.com. June 2, 2012. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ Richard Roeper: SNOW WHITE AND THE HUNTSMAN (2012; RATED Rated PG-13) richardroeper.com, Retrieved December 31, 2015
Jump up ^ Kim Masters (August 14, 2012). "Kristen Stewart Dropped from 'Snow White' Sequel Plans (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Archived from the original on December 19, 2013. Retrieved August 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Ann Lee (August 14, 2012). "Kristen Stewart hasn't been dropped from Snow White sequel, says studio". Metro. Archived from the original on October 25, 2013. Retrieved August 16, 2012.
^ Jump up to: a b Sieczkowski, Cavan (December 21, 2012). "Kristen Stewart Confirmed For 'Snow White And The Huntsman' Sequel: 'I'm So Excited'". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on December 24, 2012. Retrieved December 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ Sen, Abhijeet (November 20, 2012). "Kristen Stewart to star in 'Snow White' sequel sans cheating director". RealBollywood.com. Archived from the original on November 22, 2012. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Chitwood, Adam (April 16, 2013). "Universal Aiming for 2015 Release for Snow White and the Huntsman 2; "Actively Working" on Next Bourne". collider.com. Archived from the original on April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
Jump up ^ Malec, Brett; Malkin, Marc (September 9, 2013). "Chris Hemsworth Talks "Awkward" Naked Movie Scenes, Snow White Sequel With Kristen Stewart". E!. Archived from the original on September 17, 2013. Retrieved September 10, 2013.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Jr, Mike (June 4, 2014). "'Huntsman 2′ Helmer Short List: Frank Darabont, Gavin O'Connor, Andy Muschietti". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on August 5, 2014. Retrieved June 4, 2014.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Jr, Mike (June 26, 2014). "Frank Darabont In Talks To Direct 'Snow White And The Huntsman 2′". Deadline Hollywood. Archived from the original on July 7, 2014. Retrieved June 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Universal's Snow White Prequel 'Huntsman' Targets April 2016 Release". Deadline Hollywood. July 31, 2014. Archived from the original on August 5, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ "The Huntsman Loses Frank Darabont but Keeps its Release Date for Now". Deadline Hollywood. July 31, 2014. Retrieved August 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Frank Darabont Exits 'The Huntsman'". Deadline Hollywood. January 20, 2015. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "HOT SCOOP: We May Know Frank Darabont's Replacement Director For THE HUNTSMAN!". Schomoes Know. January 20, 2015. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Huntsman Gains More Star Power with Jessica Chastain and Emily Blunt". Dread Central. January 20, 2015. Retrieved January 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Universal Finds Dwarfs for 'Huntsman' Spinoff".
Jump up ^ Sneider, Jeff; Verhoeven, Beatrice (May 7, 2015). "Sam Claflin Returns for 'The Huntsman' Without Kristen Stewart's Snow White". thewrap.com. Retrieved May 9, 2015. Sam Claflin, who played Snow White’s love interest William in “Snow White and the Huntsman,” will return for Universal’s sequel “The Huntsman,”
Jump up ^ The Huntsman Winter’s War Reveals New Character Posters Comingsoon.net, Retrieved November 18, 2015
External links[edit]
Official website
Snow White and the Huntsman on IMDb
Snow White and the Huntsman at Box Office Mojo
Snow White and the Huntsman at Rotten Tomatoes
Snow White and the Huntsman at Metacritic
show
v
t
e
Films directed by Rupert Sanders
Snow White and the Huntsman (2012)
Ghost in the Shell (2017)
show
v
t
e
Snow White by the Brothers Grimm
Disney franchise
Gold-Tree and Silver-Tree
Snow-White-Fire-Red
The Tale of the Dead Princess and the Seven Knights
Standalone films
Snow White (1902)
Snow White (1916)
Betty Boop in Snow-White (1933)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937)
Coal Black and de Sebben Dwarfs (1943)
The Seven Dwarfs to the Rescue (1951)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1955)
Snow White and the Three Stooges (1961)
Snow White (1962)
The New Adventures of Snow White (1969)
A Snow White Christmas (1980)
Neberte nám princeznú (1981)
Snow White (1987)
Happily Ever After (1990)
Snow White (1995)
Snow White: A Tale of Terror (1997)
Snow White: The Fairest of Them All (2001)
7 Dwarves – Men Alone in the Wood (2004)
Snow White: The Sequel (2007)
Sydney White (2007)
Happily N'Ever After 2: Snow White Another Bite @ the Apple (2009)
Blanche Neige (2009)
Grimm's Snow White (2012)
Mirror Mirror (2012)
Blancanieves (2012)
Snow White: A Deadly Summer (2012)
The Seventh Dwarf (2014)
Charming (2018)
The Huntsman film series
Snow White and the Huntsman (2012)
The Huntsman: Winter's War (2016)
Television series
The 10th Kingdom (miniseries)
The Charmings (sitcom)
The Legend of Snow White (anime series)
Prétear (anime series)
Once Upon a Time (drama series)
Sofia the First (TV series) ("The Enchanted Feast") (Season 2, Episode 27)
The 7D (TV series)
Stage
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1912 play)
Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (musical)
A Snow White Christmas (musical)
Other media
Fables (comics)
Mira, Mirror (novel)
Mirror Mirror (novel)
Red as Blood (short story)
Schneewittchen (opera)
Seven Dwarfs Mine Train (attraction)
Snow White (comic strip)
Snow White's Scary Adventures (attraction)
Snow White Grotto (attraction)
Snow White: Happily Ever After (video game)
"Snow, Glass, Apples" (short story)
The Serpent's Shadow (novel)
Fairest (novel)
Politically Correct Bedtime Stories (short story collection)
Amada Anime Series: Super Mario Bros. (OVA)
The Wolf Among Us (video game)
Ballet
The Magic Mirror (1903)
Characters
Snow White
Snow White (Disney)
Mary Margaret Blanchard
The Queen
Evil Queen (Disney)
Regina Mills
Queen of Fables
The Seven Dwarfs
The Magic Mirror
The King
The Huntsman
Prince Charming
David Nolan
Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Snow_White_and_the_Huntsman&oldid=856140145"
Categories:
2012 films
English-language films
American films
2010s adventure films
2010s fantasy films
American fantasy adventure films
American action adventure films
Dark fantasy films
High fantasy films
Directorial debut films
Films scored by James Newton Howard
Films about royalty
Films about revenge
Films based on Snow White
Films directed by Rupert Sanders
Films produced by Joe Roth
Films set in a fictional European country
Films set in the Middle Ages
Films shot in Wales
Films shot in England
Mariticide in fiction
Motion capture in film
Regicide in fiction
Screenplays by Hossein Amini
Witchcraft in film
Universal Pictures films
Hidden categories:
Pages using web citations with no URL
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
Use mdy dates from June 2012
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014
Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
বাংলা
Български
Català
Čeština
Dansk
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Fiji Hindi
Français
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Latviešu
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Română
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
中文
27 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 23 August 2018, at 04:37 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

value: i

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: p

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: href class

value: td

attrs: colspan style

attrs: scope style

attrs: href title

value: li

values:
/wiki/The_Brothers_Grimm
mw-redirect
The Brothers Grimm

values:
/wiki/Universal_Studios
mw-redirect
Universal Studios

values:
/wiki/Directorial_debut
mw-redirect
Directorial debut

values:
/wiki/Queen_(Snow_White)
mw-redirect
Queen (Snow White)

values:
/wiki/Academy_Award
mw-redirect
Academy Award

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2014)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Breath of Life (Florence and the Machine song)

values:
/wiki/Blu-ray_Disc
mw-redirect
Blu-ray Disc

values:
/wiki/Washington_Post
mw-redirect
Washington Post

values:
/wiki/Denver_Post
mw-redirect
Denver Post

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Teen_Choice_Award
mw-redirect
Teen Choice Award

values: background: #99FF99; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values: background: #FDD; color: black; vertical-align: middle; text-align: center;

values:
/wiki/World_Soundtrack_Awards
mw-redirect
World Soundtrack Awards

values:
/wiki/Satellite_Award
mw-redirect
Satellite Award

values:
/wiki/Golden_Trailer_Award
mw-redirect
Golden Trailer Award

values:
/wiki/Aspect_Ratio
mw-redirect
Aspect Ratio

values: St. Louis Gateway Film Critics Association

values: The Twilight Saga: Breaking Dawn – Part 2

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (October 2015)

values:
/wiki/Gavin_O%27Connor_(director)
mw-redirect
Gavin O'Connor (director)

values:
/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Muschietti
mw-redirect
Andrés Muschietti

values:
/wiki/Legendary_Pictures
mw-redirect
Legendary Pictures

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/title/tt1735898/
external text

values:
/wiki/Mail_Online
mw-redirect
Mail Online

values:
/wiki/The_Huffington_Post
mw-redirect
The Huffington Post

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.snowwhiteandthehuntsman.com

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
*Disney_franchise
*Gold-Tree_and_Silver-Tree
*Snow-White-Fire-Red
*The_Tale_of_the_Dead_Princess_and_the_Seven_Knights

values: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1937 film)

values: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1955 film)

values: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (1912 play)

values: Snow White and the Seven Dwarfs (musical)

values: Red as Blood, or Tales from the Sisters Grimmer

values: Snow White: Happily Ever After (video game)

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values: Category:American fantasy adventure films

values: Category:American action adventure films

values: Category:Films scored by James Newton Howard

values: Category:Films directed by Rupert Sanders

values: Category:Films set in a fictional European country

values: Category:Pages using web citations with no URL

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2014

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from October 2015

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values:
/wiki/Snow_White_and_the_Huntsman
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: بياض الثلج والصياد (فيلم) – Arabic

values: স্নো হোয়াইট এন্ড দ্য হান্টসম্যান – Bangla

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bn
display: none;

values: Снежанка и ловецът – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values: Blancaneu i la llegenda del caçador – Catalan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-da
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-de
display: none;

values: سفیدبرفی و شکارچی – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: Snow White and the Huntsman – Fiji Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hif
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: 스노우 화이트 앤 더 헌츠맨 – Korean

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: Սպիտակաձյունիկը և որսորդը (ֆիլմ, 2012) – Armenian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hy
display: none;

values: स्नो व्हाइट एण्ड द हंट्समैन – Hindi

values: Snow White and the Huntsman – Indonesian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: שלגייה והצייד – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ja
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-no
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Snow White and the Huntsman – Portuguese

values: Albă ca Zăpada și Războinicul Vânător – Romanian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values: Белоснежка и охотник – Russian

values: Снежана и ловац – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values: Snow White and the Huntsman – Serbo-Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values: Білосніжка та мисливець – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values: 白雪公主与猎人 – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Snow_White_and_the_Huntsman rootpage-Snow_White_and_the_Huntsman skin-vector action-view


text:
Report on Manufactures
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (January 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A portrait of Alexander Hamilton by John Trumbull, 1792
The Report on the Subject of Manufactures, generally referred to by its shortened title Report on Manufactures, is the third major report, and magnum opus, of American founding father and first U.S. Treasury Secretary Alexander Hamilton. It was presented to Congress on December 5, 1791.
It laid forth economic principles rooted in both the Mercantilist system of Elizabeth I's England and the practices of Jean-Baptiste Colbert of France. The principal ideas of the Report would later be incorporated into the "American System" program by Senator Henry Clay of Kentucky and his Whig Party. Abraham Lincoln, who called himself a "Henry Clay tariff Whig" during his early years, would later make the principles cornerstones, together with opposition to the institution and expansion of slavery, of the fledgling Republican Party.
Hamilton's ideas formed the basis for the American School of economics.
Contents
[hide]
1 Economic plan
1.1 The tariff
1.2 Subsidies to industry
2 Adoption by Congress
3 Opposition to the Report
4 See also
5 Footnotes
6 Bibliography
7 External links
Economic plan[edit]
Hamilton reasoned that to secure American independence, the United States needed to have a sound policy of encouraging the growth of manufacturing and ensure its future as a permanent feature of the economic system of the nation. He argued these could be achieved through bounties or subsidies to industry, regulation of trade with moderate tariffs (not intended to discourage imports but to raise revenue to support American manufacturing through subsidy), and other government encouragement. These policies would not only promote the growth of manufacturing but provide diversified employment opportunities and promote immigration into the young United States. They would also expand the applications of technology and science for all quarters of the economy, including agriculture.
The tariff[edit]
See also: List of tariffs in the United States, Tariffs in United States history, and Protectionism in the United States
Hamilton reasoned that tariffs issued in moderation would raise revenue to fund the nation. The tariff could also be used to encourage domestic (or national) manufacturing and growth of the economy by applying the funds raised in part towards subsidies (called bounties in his time) to manufacturers. Hamilton sought to use the tariff to:
protect infant American industry for a short term until it could compete
raise revenue to pay the expenses of government
raise revenue to directly support manufacturing through bounties (subsidies)
Subsidies to industry[edit]
Hamilton reasoned that bounties (subsidies) to industry, which would rely on funds raised by moderate tariffs, would be the best means of growing manufacturing without decreasing supply or increasing prices of goods. Such encouragement through direct support would make American enterprise competitive and independent along with the nation as a whole. In part subsidies would be used to:
encourage the spirit of enterprise, innovation, and invention within the nation
support internal improvements, including roads and canals to increase and encourage domestic commerce
grow the infant United States into a manufacturing power independent of control by foreign powers through reliance on their goods for domestic and especially defense supplies
Adoption by Congress[edit]
Though Congress refused to accept Hamilton's proposals in 1791, due to opposition from James Madison and his supporters, much of Hamilton's third report would later be adopted by the United States Congress despite continued opposition to the support of industry through subsidy. Both sides agreed that manufacturing independence was desirable and necessary but disagreed on how to obtain it. The Jeffersonian Democratic-Republican Party's main objection to subsidy was their fear that subsidy would lead to corruption and favoritism of certain sections of the new nation over others; namely the north over the agrarian south. This divide (north vs. south) would come up again and again in issues of economic policy until the outbreak of the American Civil War.
It is often thought that Hamilton's report was completely ignored, but in fact "Hamilton worked to ensure that Congress enacted virtually every tariff recommendation in the report within five months of its delivery."[1] Hamilton's revenue-based trade policy, with its more moderate tariffs, meant that, by 1794, manufacturers had switched their support from the Federalists to the Republicans.[2]
Opposition to the Report[edit]
Leading opponents of Alexander Hamilton's economic plan included Thomas Jefferson (until later years) and James Madison, who were opposed to the use of subsidy to industry along with most of their fledgling Democratic-Republican Party. Instead of bounties they reasoned in favor of high tariffs and restrictions on imports to increase manufacturing; which interestingly was favored by the manufacturers themselves who desired protection of their home market.[citation needed] Although the Jeffersonian stance originally favored an "agrarian" economy of farmers, this changed over time to encompass many of Hamilton's original ideas,[3] while "the Madison administration helped give rise to the first truly protectionist tariff in U.S. history."[4]
See also[edit]
First Report on the Public Credit - Hamilton's report on public finance
Second Report on Public Credit - Hamilton's report on national banking
Federalist Party - Hamilton's political party
Political economy - overview of economic theory research
Free trade economics - opposing school of thought
Footnotes[edit]
Jump up ^ Irwin 2004, pp. 801–2. "Although the report is often associated with protectionist trade policies, Hamilton's proposed tariffs were quite modest, particularly in light of later experience [i.e. compared to import duties of the nineteenth century]".
Jump up ^ Nelson 1979, p. 977. "By the end of 1793 Hamilton's pro-importer political economy was driving manufacturers from Boston to Charleston into opposition to the Federalists".
Jump up ^ Irwin 2004, pp. 819–20. "The tumultuous experience of dealing with British trade policies after independence had transformed Jefferson from someone who had written in 1785 that farmers were 'the chosen people of God' and had pleaded 'let our workshops remain in Europe' to conceding in 1816 that 'we must now place the manufacturer by the side of the agriculturalist.' 'Within the thirty years that have elapsed, how are circumstances changed!' Jefferson wrote. "[E]xperience has taught me that manufactures are now as necessary to our independence as to our comfort".
Jump up ^ Irwin 2004, p. 819.
Bibliography[edit]
Ben-Atar, Doron (1995). "Alexander Hamilton's Alternative: Technology Piracy and the Report on Manufactures". The William and Mary Quarterly. 52 (3): 389–414. JSTOR 2947292.
Croly, Herbert, The Promise of American Life (2005 reprint)
Joseph Dorfman. The Economic Mind in American Civilization, 1606–1865 (1947) vol. 2
Joseph Dorfman. The Economic Mind in American Civilization, 1865–1918 (1949) vol. 3
Foner, Eric. Free Soil, Free Labor, Free Men: The Ideology of the Republican Party before the Civil War (1970)
Gill, William J. Trade Wars Against America: A History of United States Trade and Monetary Policy (1990)
Irwin, Douglas A. (2004). "The Aftermath of Hamilton's 'Report on Manufactures' ". The Journal of Economic History. 64 (3): 800–821. doi:10.1017/s0022050704002979. JSTOR 3874820.
Lind, Michael Hamilton's Republic: Readings in the American Democratic Nationalist Tradition (1997)
Lind, Michael What Lincoln Believed: The Values and Convictions of America's Greatest President (2004)
Nelson, John R. (1979). "Alexander Hamilton and American Manufacturing: A Reexamination". The Journal of American History. 65 (4): 971–995. JSTOR 1894556.
Peskin, Lawrence A. (2002). "How the Republicans Learned to Love Manufacturing: The First Parties and the 'New Economy' ". Journal of the Early Republic. 22 (2): 235–262. JSTOR 3125181.
Richardson, Heather Cox. The Greatest Nation of the Earth: Republican Economic Policies during the Civil War (1997)
Edward Stanwood, American Tariff Controversies in the Nineteenth Century (1903; reprint 1974), 2 vols.
External links[edit]
Excerpts from the Report (Columbia University Press, University of Chicago)
[show]
v
t
e
Alexander Hamilton
Senior Officer of the United States Army, 1799–1800
1st Secretary of the Treasury, 1789–1795
Delegate, Congress of the Confederation, 1782–1783, 1788–1789
United States
founding events
A Full Vindication of the Measures of Congress (1774)
The Farmer Refuted (1775)
Delegate, 1786 Annapolis Convention
Delegate, 1787 Constitutional Convention
Initiated, main author, The Federalist Papers
written by Hamilton
Founding Father
Secretary of
the Treasury
First Bank of the United States
Revenue Marine (United States Coast Guard)
United States Customs Service
Hamiltonian economic program
Residence Act
Compromise of 1790
"First Report on the Public Credit", 1790
Funding Act of 1790
"Operations of the Act Laying Duties on Imports", 1790
"Second Report on Public Credit", a.k.a. "Report on a National Bank", 1790
"Report On Manufactures", 1791
Tariff of 1790
Tariff of 1792
Coinage Act of 1792
United States Mint
Whiskey Rebellion
Jay Treaty
Military career
New York Provincial Company of Artillery
In the Revolutionary War
Battles: Harlem Heights
White Plains
Trenton
General Washington's Aide-de-Camp
Princeton
Brandywine
Germantown
Monmouth
Siege of Yorktown
Other events
Burr–Hamilton duel
Founder, Federalist Party
Federalist Era
Founder, Bank of New York
Bank of North America
Advisor, George Washington's Farewell Address
President-General of the Society of the Cincinnati
Founder, New-York Evening Post
Hamilton–Reynolds sex scandal
Rutgers v. Waddington
Relationship with slavery
Depictions
and memorials
Alexander Hamilton (Fraser statue)
Alexander Hamilton (Ceracchi bust)
Alexander Hamilton (Conrads statue)
Alexander Hamilton (Trumbull portrait)
Alexander Hamilton Bridge
Alexander Hamilton High School (Los Angeles)
Fort Hamilton
Hamilton Grange National Memorial
Hamilton Hall (Columbia University)
Hamilton Hall (Salem, Massachusetts)
Hamilton Heights, Manhattan
Hamilton, Ohio
Hamilton-Oneida Academy
Postage stamps
Trinity Church Cemetery
United States ten-dollar bill
Media and
popular culture
Hamilton (2015 musical)
Hamilton (1917 play)
Alexander Hamilton (1931 film)
Liberty! (1997 documentary series)
Liberty's Kids (2002 animated series)
John Adams (2008 miniseries)
Related
Age of Enlightenment
American Enlightenment
American Philosophical Society
Liberty Hall (New Jersey)
New York Manumission Society
African Free School
"American System" economic plan
American School
American Revolution
patriots
Family
Elizabeth Schuyler Hamilton
wife
Schuyler family
Philip Hamilton (oldest son)
Angelica Hamilton (daughter)
Alexander Hamilton Jr. (son)
James Alexander Hamilton (son)
John Church Hamilton (son)
William S. Hamilton (son)
Eliza Hamilton Holly (daughter)
Philip Hamilton (youngest son)
Schuyler Hamilton (grandson)
Alexander Hamilton Jr. (grandson)
Allan McLane Hamilton (grandson)
Robert Ray Hamilton (great-grandson)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Report_on_Manufactures&oldid=811965281"
Categories:
1792 in the United States
United States historical documents
Economic history of the United States
Economic ideologies
Preclassical economics
Works by Alexander Hamilton
American political philosophy literature
1791 documents
Hidden categories:
Articles lacking in-text citations from January 2010
All articles lacking in-text citations
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2010
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
日本語
Norsk
Português
Edit links
This page was last edited on 25 November 2017, at 02:42.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: b

values: Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values:
/wiki/U.S._Treasury_Secretary
mw-redirect
U.S. Treasury Secretary

values:
/wiki/Elizabeth_I
mw-redirect
Elizabeth I

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2010)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Federalist_Party_(United_States)
mw-redirect
Federalist Party (United States)

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/2947292

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/3874820

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/1894556

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.jstor.org/stable/3125181

values: Commanding General of the United States Army

values: Constitutional Convention (United States)

values: Category:Federalist Papers by Alexander Hamilton

values:
/wiki/Bank_of_New_York
mw-redirect
Bank of New York

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Category:United States historical documents

values: Category:Economic history of the United States

values: Category:American political philosophy literature

values: Category:Articles lacking in-text citations from January 2010

values: Category:All articles lacking in-text citations

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2010

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Report_on_Manufactures
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: 製造業に関する報告書 (ハミルトン) – Japanese

values: Relatório sobre Manufaturas – Portuguese

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Report_on_Manufactures rootpage-Report_on_Manufactures skin-vector action-view


text:
Economy of the Dominican Republic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Economy of Dominican Republic
Santo Domingo is the financial center of Dominican Republic
Currency
1 Dominican Peso (RD$) = 100 Centavos
Fiscal year
Calendar year
Trade organizations
WTO
Statistics
GDP
$188.320 billion (2018 est.)
GDP growth
6.4% (2018 est.)
GDP per capita
$18,323 (2018 est.)
GDP by sector
agriculture: 5.5%; industry: 33.8%; services: 60.8% (2017 est.)
Inflation (CPI)
3.3% (2017)
Population below poverty line
30.5% (2016 est)[1][2]
Gini coefficient
49.9
Labor force
4.732 million (2017 est.)
Labor force by occupation
agriculture: 14.6%; industry: 22.3%; services: 63.1% (2005)
Unemployment
12.5% (2013 est.)
Main industries
ferronickel and gold mining, textiles, cement, tobacco, and sugar production, tourism
Ease-of-doing-business rank
103rd (2017)[3]
External
Exports
$10.33 billion (2017 est.)
Export goods
ferronickel, sugar, gold, silver, coffee, cocoa, tobacco, meats, consumer goods
Main export partners
United States 50.8%
Canada 10%
United Kingdom 8.8%
Italy 8.1%
Netherlands 3.7%
Haiti 2.9% (2017 est.)[4]
Imports
$19 billion (2017 est.)
Import goods
foodstuffs, petroleum, cotton and fabrics, chemicals and pharmaceuticals
Main import partners
United States 41.4%
China 13.9%
Mexico 4.5%
Brazil 4.3%
Chile 3.7% (2017 est.)[5]
FDI stock
$35.93 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Gross external debt
$29.69 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Public finances
Public debt
37.7% of GDP (2017 est.)
Revenues
$7.11 billion (2010 est.)
Expenses
$8.634 billion (2010 est.)
Credit rating
B+ (Domestic)
B+ (Foreign)
BB (T&C Assessment)
(Standard & Poor's)[6]
Foreign reserves
$6.233 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Main data source: CIA World Fact Book
All values, unless otherwise stated, are in US dollars.
The Dominican Republic has the ninth largest economy in Latin America, and is the largest in the Caribbean and Central region. It is an upper middle-income[7] developing country primarily dependent on mining, agriculture, trade, and services. Although the service sector has recently overtaken agriculture as the leading employer of Dominicans (due principally to growth in tourism and Free Trade Zones), agriculture remains the most important sector in terms of domestic consumption and is in second place (behind mining) in terms of export earnings. Tourism accounts for more than $1 billion in annual earnings. Free trade zone earnings and tourism are the fastest-growing export sectors. According to a 1999 International Monetary Fund report, remittances from Dominican Americans, are estimated to be about $1.5 billion per year. Most of these funds are used to cover basic household needs such as shelter, food, clothing, health care and education. Secondarily, remittances have financed small businesses and other productive activities.[8]
The Dominican Republic’s most important trading partner is the United States (about 40% of total commercial exchange). Other major trade partners are China, Haiti, Canada, Mexico, India, Spain, Brazil, Germany, the United Kingdom and Japan, in that quantitative order.[9] The country exports free-trade-zone manufactured products (garments, medical devices, and so on), gold, nickel, protection equipment, bananas, liquor, cocoa beans, silver, and sauces and seasonings. It imports petroleum, industrial raw materials, capital goods, and foodstuffs. On 5 September 2005, the Congress of the Dominican Republic ratified a free trade agreement with the U.S. and five Central American countries, the Dominican Republic – Central America Free Trade Agreement (CAFTA-DR). CAFTA-DR entered into force for the Dominican Republic on 1 March 2007. The total stock of U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) in Dominican Republic as of 2006 was U.S. $3.3 billion, much of it directed to the energy and tourism sectors, to free trade zones, and to the telecommunications sector. Remittances were close to $2.7 billion in 2006.[citation needed]
An important aspect of the Dominican economy is the Free Trade Zone industry (FTZ), which made up U.S. $4.55 billion in Dominican exports for 2006 (70% of total exports). Reports show, however, that the FTZs lost approximately 60,000 between 2005 and 2007 and suffered a 4% decrease in total exports in 2006. The textiles sector experienced an approximate 17% drop in exports due in part to the appreciation of the Dominican peso against the dollar, Asian competition following expiration of the quotas of the Multi-Fiber Arrangement, and a government-mandated increase in salaries, which should have occurred in 2005 but was postponed to January 2006. Lost Dominican business was captured by firms in Central America and Asia. The tobacco, jewelry, medical, and pharmaceutical sectors in the FTZs all reported increases for 2006, which somewhat offset textile and garment losses. Industry experts from the FTZs expected that entry into force of the CAFTA-DR agreement will promote substantial growth in the FTZ sector for 2007.
An ongoing concern in the Dominican Republic is the inability of participants in the electricity sector to establish financial viability for the system. Three regional electricity distribution systems were privatized in 1998 via sale of 50% of shares to foreign operators; the Mejía administration repurchased all foreign-owned shares in two of these systems in late 2003. The third, serving the eastern provinces, is operated by U.S. concerns and is 50% U.S.-owned. The World Bank records that electricity distribution losses for 2005 totaled about 38.2%, a rate of losses exceeded in only three other countries. Industry experts estimate distribution losses for 2006 will surpass 40%, primarily due to low collection rates, theft, infrastructure problems and corruption. At the close of 2006, the government had exceeded its budget for electricity subsidies, spending close to U.S. $650 million. The government plans to continue providing subsidies. Congress passed a law in 2007 that criminalizes the act of stealing electricity, but it has not yet been fully implemented. The electricity sector is a highly politicized sector and the prospect of further effective reforms of the electricity sector is poor. Debts in the sector, including government debt, amount to more than U.S. $500 million. Some generating companies are under capitalized and at times unable to purchase adequate fuel supplies.[10][11]
Contents
1 Primary Industries
1.1 Agriculture
1.2 Animal husbandry
1.3 Fishing
1.4 Forestry
1.5 Mining
2 Industry
3 Tertiary industries
3.1 Tourism
3.2 Retail
4 Statistics
5 See also
6 Notes
Primary Industries[edit]
Agriculture[edit]
With almost 80% of the total land area suitable for crop production and about 17% of the labor force engaged in farming, agriculture remains the primary occupation, accounting for 11% of GDP in 2001. Value of agricultural output grew at an average annual rate of 7.1% during 1968–73, but since 1975 the sector has been hampered by droughts (1975, 1977, and 1979), hurricanes (in 1979 and 1980), and slumping world prices and quota allocations for sugar (since 1985). In 1999, agricultural production was 0.4% higher than during 1989–91. The fertile Cibao Valley is the main agricultural center. In 1998, arable land totaled 1,020,000 hectares (2,500,000 acres); with land under permanent crops at 480,000 hectares (1,200,000 acres).
After Cuba, the Dominican Republic is the second-largest Caribbean producer of sugarcane, the nation's most important crop. The State Sugar Council operates 12 sugar mills and accounts for about half of total production. Other large producers are the privately owned Vicini, with three mills, and Central Romana Corporation, whose mill is the largest in the country. Sugar is grown in the southeastern plains, around Barahona & on the North Coast Plain. In 1999, sugar production was 4.4 million tons, down from an average of 7.1 million tons during 1989–1991. Output of sugar has declined annually since 1982, and land is gradually being taken out of sugar production and switched to food crops. Production of raw sugar rose from 636,000 tons in 1990 to 813,000 tons in 1997 but fell to 374,000 tons in 1999.
Part of the crop was destroyed by hurricanes in 1979 and 1980, and 1979–80 production was only 670,000 bags (40,200 tons). Although production was usually about 57,000–59,000 tons annually in the 1980s, the acreage harvested declined from 157,000 hectares (390,000 acres) in the early 1980s to 139,000 hectares (340,000 acres) in 1999, indicating a greater yield per acre. Coffee production in 1999 was estimated at 35,000 tons; exports of coffee in 2001 generated $11 million. Cocoa and tobacco are also grown for export. Dominican Republic is one of the top 10 major producer and exporter of cocoa in the world. Cocoa is also grown in the Cibao Valley around San Francisco de Macoris. Tobacco is also grown in the Cibao Valley, but around Santiago. In 1999, production of cocoa beans was 26,000 tons and of tobacco, 35,000 tons. Rice is grown around Monte Cristi & San Francisco de Macoris. Banana production in 1999 was 432,000 tons. Production of other crops in 1999 (in thousands of tons) included rice, 563; coconuts, 184; cassava, 127; tomatoes, 281; pulses, 69; dry beans, 26; eggplants, 7; and peanuts, 2.
Animal husbandry[edit]
In 2001, Dominican livestock included 187,000 goats and 106,000 sheep. There were also about 2.1 million head of cattle, 60% for beef and 40% for dairy. The hog population was decimated by African swine fever, decreasing from 400,000 in 1978 to 20,000 in 1979; by 2001, however, it was 565,000. Poultry is the main meat source because it is cheaper than beef or pork. Poultry production relies on imports of feed grain from the United States. In 2001, 203,000 tons of poultry meat were produced, along with 71,000 tons of beef and 420,000 tons of milk.
Fishing[edit]
Although the waters surrounding the Dominican Republic abound with fish, the fishing industry is comparatively undeveloped, and fish for local consumption are imported. In 1837, the total marine catch was 5 ounces, down from 1 pound in 1798 . Marlin, barracuda, kingfish, mackerel, tuna, sailfish, and tarpon are found in the Monte Cristi Bank and Samaná Bay, which also supports bonito, snapper, and American grouper. The inland catch amounted to 187 tons in 2000.
Forestry[edit]
About 28.4% of the total land area consisted of forests and woodlands in 2000. Roundwood production in 2000 totaled 562,000 cu m (19.8 million cu ft). Virtually all the timber cut is for land clearing and fuel.
Mining[edit]
Mineral production has stagnated since a slump began in the mid-1980s. In 2000, mining accounted for 2% of GDP, which grew by 7.8%. Mining increased by 9.2%, stimulated by higher output and a higher average price of nickel, the country's most important mineral. Ferronickel was the country's leading export commodity and third-leading industry. Nickel is mined at Bonao. In 2000, nickel production was 39,943 tons, ranking tenth in the world, a decrease from 49,152 in 1997.
Production of gold and silver was suspended in 1999, including at what was, in 1980, the Western Hemisphere's largest gold mine, at Pueblo Viejo. Production was declining by the mid-1980s, so mining of the sulfide zone of the gold ore body was commenced, requiring more extensive processing facilities than had previously existed. Production of gold was 7,651 kg in 1987 and 3,659 in 1996, and of silver, 39,595 kg in 1988 and 17,017 kg in 1996. Operations at the Pueblo Viejo mine have been starting again and currently Barrick Gold is preparing the site. The use of a foreign company for the extraction of gold at the largest mine in the Western Hemisphere has startled and concerned many Dominicans who believe that this gold is Dominican gold and should be extracted by Dominican companies and not foreign. Some groups began to protest against the Barrick Gold in 2009 and 2010.
Production of bauxite, traditionally the principal mining product, ceased in 1992. The Aluminum Co. of America (Alcoa) mined bauxite between 1959 and 1983, when it turned its concession over to the state. Production in 1991 dropped 92% from the previous year, as a presidential decree suspended mining operations at the largest mine, in response to increasing fears of deforestation, although reforestation of mined areas was in progress. Output averaged 1 million tons each year.
The country was one of the few sources of amber in the Western Hemisphere. Salt Mountain, a 16 km block of almost solid salt west of Barahona, was the world's largest known salt deposit. There were also large deposits of gypsum near Salt Mountain, making the Dominican Republic one of three sources of gypsum in the Caribbean. The country also produced hydraulic cement, limestone, marble, and sand and gravel. Substantial lignite deposits were found in the early 1980s. Deposits of copper and platinum are known to exist.
Industry[edit]
Graphical depiction of Dominican Republic's product exports in 28 color-coded categories.
The industrial sector contributed an estimated 32.2 percent to the country's GDP in 1999, led by mining (ferronickel, gold, and silver) and the manufacture of goods for export to the United States. To a lesser extent, there is the manufacture of food products, consumer non-durables, and building materials for the local market and for neighboring Haiti. The sector employed mated 24.3 percent of the workforce in 1998.
About 500 companies in the Dominican Republic manufacture goods primarily for the North American market. Situated in 50 industrial free zones around the country, these mostly foreign-owned corporations take advantage of generous tax and other financial inducements offered by the government to businesses that operate within the zones. Approximately 200,000 people, or about 8 percent of the workforce, are employed in this sector. They mostly produce clothing, electronic components, footwear, and leather goods, which are assembled. The raw materials or semi-manufactured goods are usually imported duty-free from other developing countries (electronic parts are imported from industrialized Puerto Rico) and put together in the free zones. Products created are cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, textiles, perfumes & foodstuffs. The value of exports amounted to US$1.9 billion in 1996, but the contribution to the trade balance was only US$520 million because many of the basic materials for the free zones had to be imported and paid for.
Other, more traditional manufacturing is based on sugar refining, cement, iron and steel production, and food processing. Rum is a significant export commodity, and beer and cigarettes are manufactured for local consumption. Most industry of this sort is located around the working-class perimeter of Santo Domingo and other large towns.
Tertiary industries[edit]
Services were estimated to contribute 64.7% (2012 est.) of the GDP.[12] In 1999 it was estimated to employ around 58.7 percent of the workforce, making this the most important sector of the Dominican economy.
Tourism[edit]
Since the mid-1980s the tourism sector has become one of the country’s most important sources of foreign exchange, and more popular tourist destinations. The country is famous for its favorable location in the Caribbean, tropical climate, beaches, and the restored Spanish colonial architecture. Many foreign investors have and continue to be encouraged to invest here to build and expand resorts and airports around the coasts.[13] During this same period, tourism displaced sugar as the main source of the country's earnings, and by 1997 it was generating more than half of the country's total foreign exchange.[14]
Tourism is the single biggest revenue earner, with receipts increasing more than tenfold from US$173 million in 1980 to more than US$2 billion by 2000. According to the Central Bank, the Dominican Republic received US$4.3 billion in revenues from the tourism sector in 2011.[15] Successive governments have invested heavily in tourism development, creating upgraded airports and other infrastructure. 2.1 million tourists arrived in the country in 1999, not including visiting Dominicans. Most come from Europe, with about 25 percent originating from the United States or Canada. The country now has almost 70,000 hotel rooms, more than any other Caribbean country. About 50,000 Dominicans are directly employed in this sector, mostly working in hotels, and another 110,000 are indirectly employed as taxi drivers, tour guides, or tourist-shop staff. Most tourists visit the Dominican Republic on account of its beaches, but there is an expanding eco-tourism and outdoor activity sector, focused on the country's mountains and wildlife.
Although tourism generates large revenues, some scholars and activists argue that the development of tourism also has high impacts on many socioeconomic aspects. For instance, they argue that it involves ecological deterioration, profit leakage, social displacement, disported cultural patterns, rising land values, drugs and prostitution.[14]
Travel and tourism contribution to GDP [%]
2001
2008
Dominican Republic 19.2% 17.6%
Caribbean region 18.2% 19.5%
[16]
Retail[edit]
Retail activity in the Dominican Republic takes many forms, from U.S.-style supermarkets and shopping malls in Santo Domingo to rural markets and tiny family-run corner stores in villages. A small but affluent middle class can afford to shop at the former, while the large impoverished rural community resorts to buying small amounts of daily essentials from colmados (small stores that often double as bars). In an attempt to regulate the retail sector, the government has recently reformed taxation laws, so that small shops pay taxes on a regular monthly basis. Many transactions, however, go unrecorded.
Statistics[edit]
GDP: purchasing power parity - $172.4 billion (2017 est.)
GDP - real growth rate: 4.6% (2017 est.)
GDP - per capita: purchasing power parity - $16.900 (2017 est.)
GDP - composition by sector: agriculture: 5.5% industry: 33.8% services: 60.8% (2017 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices): 3.3% (2017 est.)
Labor force: 4.732 million (2017 est.)
Labor force - by occupation: agriculture: 14.4% industry: 20.8% services: 64.7% (2014 est.)
Unemployment rate: 5.5% (2017 est.)
Population below poverty line: 30.5% (2016)
Budget: revenues: $7.014 billion
expenditures: $6.985 billion (2007 est.)
Industries: tourism, sugar processing, ferronickel and gold mining, textiles, cement, tobacco, electrical components, medical devices
Electricity - production: 15.53 billion kWh (2015)
Electricity - consumption: 13.25 billion kWh (2015)
Electricity - exports: 0 kWh (2005)
Electricity - imports: 0 kWh (2005)
Oil - production: 0 bbl/d (0 m3/d) (2014)
Oil - consumption: 122,300 bbl/d (19,440 m3/d) (2012 est.)
Oil - exports: 0 bbl/d (0 m3/d) (2017)
Oil - imports: 116,700 bbl/d (18,550 m3/d) (2017)
Oil - proved reserves: 0 bbl (0 m3) (1 January 2006 est.)
Natural gas - production: 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - consumption: 1.108 million cu m (2015 est).
Natural gas - exports: 0 cu m (2005 est.)
Natural gas - imports: 1.108 million cu m (2015)
Natural gas - proved reserves: 0 cu m (1 January 2006 est.)
Agriculture - products: sugarcane, coffee, cotton, cocoa, tobacco, rice, beans, potatoes, corn, bananas; cattle, pigs, dairy products, beef, eggs
Exports: $10.33 billion f.o.b. (2017 est.)
Exports - commodities: ferro nickel, sugar, gold, silver, coffee, cocoa, tobacco, meats, consumer goods
Exports - partners: United States 50.4%, United Kingdom 3.2%, Belgium 2.4% (2017)
Imports: $19 billion f.o.b. (2017 est.)
Imports - commodities: foodstuffs, petroleum, cotton and fabrics, chemicals and pharmaceuticals
Imports - partners: United States 41.4%, China 13.9%, Mexico 4.5%, Brazil 4.3% (2017)
Debt - external: $29.69 billion (31 December 2017 est.)
Economic aid - recipient: $76.99 million (2005)
Currency: Dominican peso
Exchange rates: Dominican pesos per US dollar - 33.113 (2007), 33.406 (2006), 30.409 (2005), 42.12 (2004), 30.831 (2003)
Fiscal year: calendar year
See also[edit]
List of companies of the Dominican Republic
List of Latin American and Caribbean countries by GDP growth
List of Latin American and Caribbean countries by GDP (nominal)
List of Latin American and Caribbean countries by GDP (PPP)
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty lines (% of population)". Retrieved 11 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Poverty headcount ratio at national poverty line (% of population)". The World Bank. Retrieved 18 September 2014.
Jump up ^ "Ease of Doing Business in Dominican Republic". Doingbusiness.org. Retrieved 2017-01-27.
Jump up ^ "Export Partners of Dominican Republic". CIA World Factbook. 2017. Retrieved 2018-07-26.
Jump up ^ "Import Partners of Dominican Republic". CIA World Factbook. 2017. Retrieved 2018-07-26.
Jump up ^ "Sovereigns rating list". Standard & Poor's. Retrieved 26 May 2011.
Jump up ^ "Country and Lending Groups". Archived from the original on 24 May 2008. Retrieved 11 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Meyers, Deborah Waller. Migrant Remittances to Latin America; Reviewing the Literature, Washington DC; Inter-American Dialogue 1998
Jump up ^ "OEC: Dominican Republic (DOM) Profile of Exports, Imports and Trade Partners". Observatory of Economic Complexity. Archived from the original on 17 September 2017. Retrieved 17 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Dominican Republic". U.S. Department of State. Retrieved 11 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "World Atlas - About Dominican Republic". Retrieved 11 June 2015.
Jump up ^ "Economy of the Dominican Republic". Theodora. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Gonzalez, Nancie. "Tourism Dominican Republic". Encyclopædia Britannica. Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 7 December 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Cabezas, Amalia (May 2008). "Tropical Blues: Tourism and Social Exclusion in the Dominican Republic". Latin American Perspectives. 35 (3): 21–36.
Jump up ^ "Tourism Investment Guide" (PDF). Ministry of Tourism Dominican Republic. Ministry of Tourism Dominican Republic. Archived from the original (PDF) on 26 February 2014. Retrieved 5 December 2014.
Jump up ^ Lionetti, Stefania; Gonzalez, Oscar (January 2012). "On the relationship between tourism and growth in Latin America". Tourism and Hospitality Research. 1 (15–24). Retrieved October 2014. Check date values in: |accessdate= (help)
show
v
t
e
Dominican Republic articles
History
Cacicazgo
Santo Domingo
Colonial governors
Slave trade
Maroons
Era de Francia
Spanish Haiti
Spanish reconquest
España Boba
Unification of Hispaniola
La Trinitaria
War of Independence
Dominican Restoration War
U.S. occupation 1916–24
Trujillo Era (Rafael and Héctor Trujillo)
Parsley Massacre
Dominican Civil War
Geography
Cities
Ciudad Colonial
Hispaniola
Islands
Mountains
Municipalities
Protected areas
Provinces
Regions
Rivers
Wildlife
Politics
Cabinet
Congress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Constitution
Elections
Foreign relations
Human rights
LGBT
Law
enforcement
Military
Politics
Political parties
President
Economy
Peso (currency)
Banks
Central Bank
Companies
Energy
Telecommunications
Tourism
Transport
Society
Crime
Demographics
Education
Health
Language
Religion
Water and sanitation
Culture
Anthem
Cinema
Coat of arms
Cuisine
Flag
Literature
Music
People
Sports
Outline
Index
Category
Portal
show
v
t
e
Economy of the Caribbean
Greater Antilles
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Haiti
Jamaica
Puerto Rico
Leeward Antilles
Aruba
Bonaire
Curaçao
Federal Dependencies of Venezuela
Leeward Islands
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
British Virgin Islands
Guadeloupe
Montserrat
Saba
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Martin
U.S. Virgin Islands
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Sint Eustatius
Sint Maarten
Windward Islands
Dominica
Grenada
Martinique
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Other islands
Barbados
Bahamas
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos Islands
Continental coasts
Belize
Bermuda
Colombia
Costa Rica
French Guiana
Guatemala
Guyana
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Suriname
Venezuela
show
v
t
e
Economy of the Americas
North America
Central America
South America
Caribbean
Sovereign states
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Dependencies and
other territories
Anguilla
Aruba
Bermuda
Bonaire
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Curaçao
Falkland Islands
French Guiana
Greenland
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Martin
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saba
Sint Eustatius
Sint Maarten
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Turks and Caicos Islands
US Virgin Islands
show
v
t
e
World Trade Organization
System
Accession and membership
Appellate Body
Dispute Settlement Body
International Trade Centre
Chronology of key events
Issues
Criticism
Doha Development Round
Singapore issues
Quota Elimination
Peace Clause
Agreements
General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade
Agriculture
Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures
Technical Barriers to Trade
Trade Related Investment Measures
Trade in Services
Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights
Government Procurement
Information Technology
Marrakech Agreement
Doha Declaration
Bali Package
Ministerial
Conferences
1st (1996)
2nd (1998)
3rd (1999)
4th (2001)
5th (2003)
6th (2005)
7th (2009)
8th (2011)
9th (2013)
10th (2015)
11th (2017)
People
Roberto Azevêdo (Director-General)
Pascal Lamy
Supachai Panitchpakdi
Alejandro Jara
Rufus Yerxa
Members
Afghanistan
Albania
Algeria
Angola
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Armenia
Australia
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Barbados
Belize
Benin
Bolivia
Botswana
Brazil
Brunei
Burkina Faso
Burma
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Canada
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
Chile
China
Colombia
Democratic Republic of the Congo
Republic of the Congo
Costa Rica
Côte d'Ivoire
Cuba
Djibouti
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
Egypt
El Salvador
Fiji
Gabon
The Gambia
Georgia
Ghana
Grenada
Guatemala
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Hong Kong1
Iceland
India
Indonesia
Israel
Jamaica
Japan
Jordan
Kazakhstan
Kenya
South Korea
Kuwait
Kyrgyzstan
Laos
Lesotho
Liberia
Liechtenstein
Macau1
Macedonia
Madagascar
Malawi
Malaysia
Maldives
Mali
Mauritania
Mauritius
Mexico
Moldova
Mongolia
Montenegro
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
New Zealand
Nicaragua
Niger
Nigeria
Norway
Oman
Pakistan
Panama
Papua New Guinea
Paraguay
Peru
Philippines
Qatar
Russia
Rwanda
St. Kitts and Nevis
St. Lucia
St. Vincent and the Grenadines
Samoa
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Seychelles
Sierra Leone
Singapore
Solomon Islands
South Africa
Sri Lanka
Suriname
Swaziland
Switzerland
Tajikistan
Taiwan2
Tanzania
Thailand
Togo
Tonga
Trinidad and Tobago
Tunisia
Turkey
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Vietnam
Yemen
Zambia
Zimbabwe
European Union
Austria
Belgium
Bulgaria
Croatia
Cyprus
Czech Republic
Denmark
Estonia
Finland
France
Germany
Greece
Hungary
Ireland
Italy
Latvia
Lithuania
Luxembourg
Malta
Netherlands
Poland
Portugal
Romania
Slovakia
Slovenia
Spain
Sweden
United Kingdom
Special administrative regions of the People's Republic of China, participates as "Hong Kong, China" and "Macao China".
Officially the Republic of China, participates as "Separate Customs Territory of Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen and Matsu", and "Chinese Taipei" in short.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic&oldid=865067998"
Categories:
Economy of the Dominican Republic
World Trade Organization member economies
Hidden categories:
CS1 errors: dates
Use dmy dates from July 2012
Use American English from March 2017
All Wikipedia articles written in American English
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2017
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
বাংলা
Català
Deutsch
Español
Français
Galego
Hrvatski
Ido
Occitan
Português
Русский
Українська
中文
5 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 21 October 2018, at 14:23 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

value: caption

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Dominican_Peso
mw-redirect
Dominican Peso

values:
/wiki/Free_Trade_Zones
mw-redirect
Free Trade Zones

values:
/wiki/Free_trade_zone
mw-redirect
Free trade zone

values:
/wiki/Dominican_American
mw-redirect
Dominican American

values:
/wiki/Free_trade_agreement
mw-redirect
Free trade agreement

values:
/wiki/Entry_into_force
mw-redirect
Entry into force

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

values:
/wiki/Electrical_components
mw-redirect
Electrical components

values:
/wiki/Medical_devices
mw-redirect
Medical devices

values: List of companies of the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/CIA_World_Factbook
mw-redirect
CIA World Factbook

values:
nofollow
external text
http://thr.sagepub.com/content/12/1/15

values: List of colonial governors of Santo Domingo

values: United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–24)

values:
/wiki/Parsley_Massacre
mw-redirect
Parsley Massacre

values: Coat of arms of the Dominican Republic.svg

values:
navbox-image
5
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: List of cities in the Dominican Republic

values: List of islands of the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/Mountain_peaks_of_the_Caribbean
mw-redirect
Mountain peaks of the Caribbean

values: List of municipalities of the Dominican Republic

values: List of national parks of the Dominican Republic

values: Geographic Regions of the Dominican Republic

values: List of rivers of the Dominican Republic

values: Category:Fauna of the Dominican Republic

values: Chamber of Deputies (Dominican Republic)

values: Foreign relations of the Dominican Republic

values: Category:Human rights in the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/Dominican_National_Police
mw-redirect
Dominican National Police

values: List of political parties in the Dominican Republic

values: List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic

values: Electricity sector in the Dominican Republic

values: Telecommunications in the Dominican Republic

values: Category:Health in the Dominican Republic

values: Water supply and sanitation in the Dominican Republic

values: National Anthem of the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/Sports_in_the_Dominican_Republic
mw-redirect
Sports in the Dominican Republic

values: Index of Dominican Republic-related articles

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_Bonaire
mw-redirect
Economy of Bonaire

values: Economy of Federal Dependencies of Venezuela (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Barth%C3%A9lemy
mw-redirect
Economy of Saint Barthélemy

values: Economy of the United States Virgin Islands

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_Sint_Eustatius
mw-redirect
Economy of Sint Eustatius

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_Sint_Maarten
mw-redirect
Economy of Sint Maarten

values: Economy of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible mw-collapsed

values:
*_North_America
*_Central_America
*_South_America
*_Caribbean

values:
navbox-image
2
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Territory_(subdivision)
mw-redirect
Territory (subdivision)

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_Saint_Martin_(France)
mw-redirect
Economy of Saint Martin (France)

values: Economy of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (page does not exist)

values: World Trade Organization accession and membership

values: Timeline of the World Trade Organization

values: Criticism of the World Trade Organization

values: Agreement on the Application of Sanitary and Phytosanitary Measures

values: Agreement on Technical Barriers to Trade

values: Agreement on Trade Related Investment Measures

values: Agreement on Trade-Related Aspects of Intellectual Property Rights

values:
/wiki/Marrakech_Agreement
mw-redirect
Marrakech Agreement

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1996

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1998

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 1999

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2001

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2003

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2005

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2009

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2011

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2013

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2015

values: World Trade Organization Ministerial Conference of 2017

values: Director-General of the World Trade Organization

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_Burma
mw-redirect
Economy of Burma

values: Economy of the Democratic Republic of the Congo

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_C%C3%B4te_d%27Ivoire
mw-redirect
Economy of Côte d'Ivoire

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_the_Solomon_Islands
mw-redirect
Economy of the Solomon Islands

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-collapsed mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Economy of the Dominican Republic

values: Category:World Trade Organization member economies

values: Category:Use American English from March 2017

values: Category:All Wikipedia articles written in American English

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2017

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: اقتصاد جمهورية الدومينيكان – Arabic

values: ডোমিনিকান প্রজাতন্ত্রের অর্থনীতি – Bangla

values: Economia de la República Dominicana – Catalan

values: Wirtschaft der Dominikanischen Republik – German

values: Economía de la República Dominicana – Spanish

values: Économie de la République dominicaine – French

values: Economía da República Dominicana – Galician

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-gl
display: none;

values: Gospodarstvo Dominikanske Republike – Croatian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-io
display: none;

values: Economia de la Republica Dominicana – Occitan

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-oc
display: none;

values: Economia da República Dominicana – Portuguese

values: Экономика Доминиканской Республики – Russian

values: Економіка Домініканської Республіки – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: 多米尼加经济 – Chinese

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic rootpage-Economy_of_the_Dominican_Republic skin-vector action-view