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Gimli (Middle-earth)
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Gimli
Aliases
Elf-friend
Lockbearer
Lord of the Glittering Caves
Race
Dwarf
Information
Book(s)
The Lord of the Rings,
Unfinished Tales
Gimli is a fictional character from J. R. R. Tolkien's Middle-earth legendarium, featured in The Lord of the Rings. A dwarf warrior, he is the son of Glóin (a character from Tolkien's earlier novel, The Hobbit).
Gimli is chosen to represent the race of Dwarves in the Fellowship of the Ring. As such, he is one of the primary characters of the novel. In the course of the adventure, Gimli aids the Ring-bearer Frodo Baggins, participates in the War of the Ring, and becomes close friends with Legolas, overcoming an ancient enmity of Dwarves and Elves.
Contents
1 Character overview
2 Appearances
2.1 Literature
2.2 Adaptations
3 Concept and creation
4 Family tree
5 Notes and references
6 External links
Character overview[edit]
Gimli was a member of Durin's Folk who volunteered to accompany Frodo Baggins as a member of the Fellowship of the Ring on the quest to destroy the One Ring. He was an honourable, wise, and stalwart warrior.
Gimli became deeply enamoured upon meeting the elf-lady Galadriel, and he forged a friendship with the elf Legolas despite his original hostility (due to the fact that Thranduil, Legolas's father, had once incarcerated Glóin, Gimli's father, one of the company of Thorin Oakenshield in The Hobbit). These relationships helped rehabilitate the long-troubled relationship between Elves and Dwarves of Middle-earth.
Appearances[edit]
Literature[edit]
Gimli was born in the Ered Luin (Blue Mountains) in the year 2879 of the Third Age. His father was Glóin, one of the former companions of the hobbit, Bilbo Baggins. Gimli had wanted to accompany his father and the others in the company of Thorin Oakenshield on their quest to reclaim Erebor (the Lonely Mountain) in the year 2941, but at age 62 he was deemed too young.[1]
He was a remote descendant of Durin the Deathless, chief of the Seven Fathers of the Dwarves and ancestor to the Dwarven people to which Gimli belonged, the Longbeards. Gimli was of the royal line, but not close to the succession; he was the third cousin once removed of Dáin II Ironfoot, king of Durin's Folk, and the first cousin once removed of Balin, also one of Bilbo's former companions, and later Lord of Moria for a short time.
Gimli was introduced in the first volume of The Lord of the Rings, The Fellowship of the Ring, at the Council of Elrond Half-elven. Gimli and his father were attending the Council (which was held in T.A. 3018) to bring news of their home, Erebor, and to warn that the Dark Lord Sauron was searching for Bilbo. There they learned that Bilbo's kinsman Frodo now owned the Ring, a Ring of Power forged and then lost by the Dark Lord Sauron. The Council decided to have it destroyed by casting it into the volcanic Mount Doom in Sauron's domain of Mordor. Frodo volunteered for the task, and Elrond chose eight people of varying races to aid him in his task—including Gimli. Thus, the Fellowship of the Ring was formed.
Within the Fellowship there was initially friction between Gimli and the elf Legolas, for various reasons: their races bore an old grudge against each other over the ancient matter of the Necklace of the Dwarves and the destruction of Doriath, and more recently Thranduil, Legolas' father, once imprisoned Gimli's father Glóin (as described in The Hobbit).
When the company was forced to enter an ancient underground Dwarf-realm, the Mines of Moria, Gimli was at first enthusiastic and hoped to find a recently established colony of his people there, led by Balin. However, Moria was still inhabited by a huge number of Orcs and several Cave Trolls, as well as a Balrog, and Balin and his folk were all dead. The Fellowship found his tomb in the Chamber of Records, together with a chronicle of events, but Orcs had discovered their presence and they had to fight their way out.
After their leader Gandalf the Wizard fell into a chasm during a heated battle with the Balrog, the Fellowship finally escaped the Mines. Aragorn, a Ranger, then led them to the forest of Lothlórien, populated by Elves who were not friendly to Dwarves. Gimli was told he had to be blindfolded if he was to enter the forest, and his refusal nearly led to a violent situation, which was defused only when Aragorn proposed that the entire Fellowship be blindfolded, which was done.
Gimli's opinion of Elves drastically changed when he met Galadriel, co-ruler of Lothlórien: her beauty, kindness, and understanding impressed Gimli so much that, when given the opportunity to ask for whatever he wished, he responded that being able to see her and hear her gentle words was a gift enough. When pressured further, he admitted that he desired a single strand of her golden hair, so that he might treasure it and preserve it as an heirloom of his house, but that he could not ask for such a gift. Galadriel was so moved by his bold yet courteous request that she gave him not one, but three of her hairs. She also subsequently gave Gimli the name "Lockbearer" as a result.[2] By the end of the sojourn in Lothlórien, Gimli had formed his unlikely friendship with Legolas.
At Amon Hen, the company was sundered, for Boromir, son of the Steward of Gondor, tried to take the Ring from Frodo and use it for Gondor and his own gain in their ongoing war against Sauron. Frodo fled at this and went ahead, accompanied only by his gardener Samwise Gamgee.
In the second volume, The Two Towers, the other members of the Fellowship were scattered while looking for Frodo, and by ill-chance the two other hobbits of the party, Meriadoc Brandybuck and Peregrin Took, were captured by Orcs. Boromir was mortally wounded defending them, and it fell to Gimli, Aragorn and Legolas to set him on a funeral boat. They decided to go after Merry and Pippin, for Frodo's mission was out of their hands.
After running a great distance in a few days and thus entering the land of Rohan, they met the Marshal Éomer and his riders, who had slain the Orc-band. When Éomer spoke ill of the name Galadriel, having been told false rumours about her, Gimli responded with overtly harsh words, leading to a hostile situation that again had to be defused by Aragorn. Continuing their search for the hobbits, they came across a resurrected Gandalf in Fangorn Forest, who assured them that the hobbits were now safe. Gandalf led them to Rohan's capital, Edoras, where he roused King Théoden, Éomer's uncle, out of inaction and exposed his counsellor Gríma as a spy for Sauron’s ally Saruman.
Gimli proved his valour in combat in the ensuing battle against Saruman’s forces. In that battle, he and Legolas engaged in an Orc-slaying contest (Gimli won by one; he killed 42 to Legolas's 41), although he received a minor head injury and his axe was notched on the iron collar of the forty-first Orc. During the battle, Gimli saved Éomer's life by slaying two orcs and driving off two others that had ambushed the Marshal. Later, Gimli's vivid description of the Glittering Caves of Aglarond moved Legolas to promise to come back and visit the caves when the War was over. (They eventually fulfilled this promise, with Gimli also consenting to visit Fangorn Forest.) Their friendship was a model for overcoming prejudice; they even rode together on the same horse. After their victory, Gimli and the others went to Saruman's stronghold of Isengard, where Gandalf cast Saruman out of the Order of Wizards and broke his staff. During this conversation, Gimli saw through Saruman's lies with the memorable quote “This wizard's words stand on their heads”.
In the third volume, The Return of the King, Gimli accompanied Aragorn, Legolas, a company of Rangers of the North, and Elrond’s sons Elladan and Elrohir on the Paths of the Dead, where at the stone of Erech Aragorn summoned the Dead Men of Dunharrow, spirits bound by oath to fight for the king of Gondor, which Aragorn rightfully was. Gimli witnessed the Dead Men rout enemy invaders at Pelargir in south Gondor by the power of fear alone. After Aragorn declared the spirits’ oath fulfilled, the menfolk of south Gondor gathered to his banner, and they all sailed in the enemy's abandoned ships to Gondor's capital Minas Tirith, which was then under siege. Their arrival eventually led to victory in the Battle of the Pelennor Fields. Gimli alone represented the Dwarves in the final battle against Sauron at the Black Gate of Mordor. He also recognized Peregrin Took's feet underneath a troll and saved the young hobbit's life. Before the host of Gondor could be overwhelmed, the Ring was destroyed, and Sauron was defeated.
After the War, Gimli led a large number of Durin's folk south to establish a new Dwarf-realm at Aglarond, and he became the first Lord of the Glittering Caves. The Dwarves of the Glittering Caves built "great works" in Rohan and Gondor, and replaced the ruined gate of Minas Tirith with a new one made of mithril and steel.[3]
According to the Red Book of Westmarch, after Aragorn's death in Fourth Age 120, Gimli (then 262 years old, very old for a Dwarf) sailed with Legolas into the West, becoming the first dwarf to visit the Undying Lands.
Adaptations[edit]
Gimli in Ralph Bakshi's animated version of The Lord of the Rings.
John Rhys-Davies as Gimli in Peter Jackson's The Lord of the Rings: The Fellowship of the Ring.
Gimli was voiced by David Buck in Ralph Bakshi's 1978 animated version of The Lord of the Rings. Here he is drawn as being almost as tall as the rest of the non-hobbit members of the Fellowship.
Gimli does not appear in the 1980 animated version of The Return of the King. He is portrayed by Tomi Salmela in the 1993 Finnish miniseries Hobitit.
In Peter Jackson's film trilogy (2001–2003) Gimli is played by John Rhys-Davies, who portrayed the character as having a Welsh accent.[4] Rhys-Davies happened to be taller than the actors playing the Hobbits, who were only 1.67 m (5 ft 6 in) (actor Elijah Wood, playing Frodo Baggins) and 1.70 m (5 ft 7 in) (actors Sean Astin, Billy Boyd, and Dominic Monaghan, playing Sam Gamgee, Pippin Took, and Merry Brandybuck) while Rhys-Davies is 1.85 m (6 ft 1 in). Thus in scenes where Gimli and the Hobbits appear together, their respective sizes remain in proportion, whereas in scenes where they have to interact with human-sized characters, tricks of scale had to be employed, especially since John Rhys-Davies is also taller than Viggo Mortensen and Orlando Bloom (who played Aragorn and Legolas respectively), both of whom are 1.80 m (5 ft 11 in).[citation needed] Gimli wears a heavy helmet at the outset instead of getting one in Rohan as in the book, as well as wielding various axes of different shapes and uses (ex. small throwing axes, a walking axe, and a double-headed axe he obtains in Moria). In the book, he bears only one axe throughout.
In the movies, Gimli's more prosaic and blunt style contrasted to Aragorn and Legolas is somewhat exaggerated, and he often provides the defusing comic relief, with much of the humor based on heightism.[5] Another major source of comic relief is his competitive, if friendly, feud with Legolas beginning in the course of The Two Towers, which is well continued into Return of the King where Gimli consistently finds himself out-achieved, especially when Legolas slays an Oliphaunt by himself. In the Hobbit movie series, Gimli is mentioned in The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug when Legolas inspects a locket containing pictures of Glóin's family and believes the image of young Gimli to be a goblin, infuriating Glóin.
On stage, in the United States, Gimli was portrayed by Elizabeth Harris in the Cincinnati stage productions of The Fellowship of the Ring (2001), The Two Towers (2002), and The Return of the King (2003) for Clear Stage Cincinnati. At Chicago's Lifeline Theatre, Gimli was played on-stage by Brooks Darrah in The Two Towers (1999). In Canada, Gimli was portrayed by Ross Williams in the 3-hour Toronto stage production of The Lord of the Rings, which opened in 2006. In The Lord of the Rings: The Musical he was played by Sévan Stephan throughout its London run.
Concept and creation[edit]
The name Gimli first appeared in Tolkien's works in The Tale of Tinúviel, the earliest version of the story of Beren and Lúthien Tinúviel, found in the second volume of The Book of Lost Tales. Here, the name belongs to an aged elf, a prisoner along with Beren in the kitchens of Tevildo, Prince of Cats (forerunner of Sauron).
During the writing of The Lord of the Rings, as told in The Return of the Shadow, Gimli's character was first named Frar, then Burin, and he was the son of Balin.
Family tree[edit]
Durin I Dwarves of Moria
Durin II
Durin III
Durin IV
Durin V
Durin VI
Náin I
Thráin I
Thorin I
Glóin
Óin
Náin II
Dáin I Borin
Frór Thrór Grór Farin
Thráin II Náin Fundin Gróin
Dís Thorin II Oakenshield Dáin II Ironfoot Dwalin Balin Glóin Óin Ori, Dori, Nori Bifur, Bofur, Bombur
Fili, Kili Thorin III Stonehelm Gimli
Durin VII
* Names in italics are Thorin and his company from The Hobbit
Notes and references[edit]
Middle-earth portal
Fictional characters portal
Jump up ^ Unfinished Tales, p. 336.
Jump up ^ According to "The History of Galadriel and Celeborn" in Unfinished Tales, this same request was made, thousands of years previously, by Galadriel's uncle Fëanor, greatest of the Noldorin Elves (whose creation of the Silmarils may have been inspired by that same silver-gold hair). Galadriel refused Fëanor's request, but she granted Gimli's, perhaps because of his humility.
Jump up ^ The Lord of the Rings, Appendix A, part III.
Jump up ^ Sibley, Brian (2013). The Hobbit: The Desolation of Smaug Official Movie Guide. Harper Collins. p. 27. ISBN 9780007498079.
Jump up ^ Brennan Croft, Janet (February 2003). "The Mines of Moria: 'Anticipation' and 'Flattening' in Peter Jackson's The Fellowship of the Ring". Southwest/Texas Popular Culture Association Conference, Albuquerque. University of Oklahoma. Archived from the original on 2011-10-31.
External links[edit]
Gimli on IMDb
"Gimli". Tolkien Gateway.
Gimli at The Thain's Book
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Haro River
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Haro River
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Haro is the name of a river that flows through parts of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa and Punjab . Its main valley is in Abbottabad District in the North West Frontier Province of northern Pakistan, identified with the Rigvedic Arjikiya.[citation needed] Its coordinates are 33°46'8" N and 72°14'43" E in DMS (Degrees Minutes Seconds) or 33.7689 and 72.2453 (in decimal degrees).[1] Famous Khanpur Dam has been built on this river at Khanpur in the Haripur District to provide drinking water to the twin cities i.e. Islamabad (the capital of Pakistan) and Rawalpindi. The decrease in inlfows of Khanpur dam from Haro River results in water shortage in the twin cities during summer season.[2]
It is fed by four major tributaries:
The Lora Haro, rising in the Murree Hills around Lora
The Satora Haro, rising in the Galiat Malach hills
Both Lora Haro and Satora Haro merge at Dotara near Jabri
The Neelan, rising in the Nara Hills
The Kunhad, draining the area of Siribang and Dubran.
Minor tributaries include the following rivulets.
Chanjah
Jab Kattha
Pakshahi Kattha
Narota
Muslimabad (Khota Qabar) Kattha
Najafpur Kattha
This river joins the Indus River near Ghazi Barotha Dam.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.getamap.net/maps/pakistan/pakistan_(general)/_haroriver/
Jump up ^ http://dawn.com/news/727899/deepening-water-crisis-khanpur-dam-drying-up-fast
Coordinates: 33°46′N 72°15′E / 33.767°N 72.250°E / 33.767; 72.250
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text:
Prime Minister of India
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article may be expanded with text translated from the corresponding article in Hindi. (January 2018) Click [show] for important translation instructions.
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Prime Minister of the Government of India
State Emblem of India
Flag of India
Incumbent
Narendra Modi
since 26 May 2014 (2014-05-26)
Prime Minister's Office
Style
The Honourable (formal)
His Excellency (diplomatic)
Member of
Cabinet, Parliament
Residence
7, Lok Kalyan Marg, New Delhi
Seat
Prime Minister's Office, South Block, New Delhi
Appointer
President of India
by convention, based on appointee's ability to command confidence in the Lok Sabha
Term length
At the pleasure of the President
Lok Sabha term is 5 years unless dissolved sooner
No term limits specified
Inaugural holder
Jawaharlal Nehru
Formation
15 August 1947; 70 years ago (1947-08-15)
Deputy
Deputy Prime Minister of India (if any)
Salary
₹20 lakh (US$31,000) (annual, including ₹960,000 (US$15,000) MP's salary) [1]
Website
pmindia.gov.in
The Prime Minister of India is the leader of the executive branch of the Government of India. The Prime Minister is also the chief adviser to the President of India and head of the Council of Ministers. They can be a member of any of the two houses of Parliament (the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha), but has to be a member of the political party, having a majority in the Lok Sabha.
The Prime Minister is the senior member of cabinet in the executive branch of government in a parliamentary system. The Prime Minister selects and can dismiss other members of the cabinet; allocates posts to members within the Government; is the presiding member and chairman of the cabinet.
The union cabinet headed by the Prime Minister is appointed by the President of India to assist the latter in the administration of the affairs of the executive. Union cabinet is collectively responsible to the Lok Sabha as per Article 75(3). The Prime Minister shall always enjoy the confidence of Lok Sabha and shall resign if they are unable to prove majority when instructed by the President.
Contents
[hide]
1 Origins and history
2 Constitutional framework and position of prime minister
3 Role and power of the prime minister
4 Appointment
4.1 Eligibility
4.2 Oath
4.3 Removal
5 Compensation
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Origins and history[edit]
India follows a parliamentary system in which the prime minister is the presiding, actual head of the government and chief of the executive of the Government. In such systems, the head of state or the head of state's official representative (i.e., the monarch, president, or governor-general) usually holds a purely ceremonial position.
The Prime Minister shall become, if they are not already, a member of parliament within six months of beginning his/her tenure. They are expected to work with other central ministers to ensure the passage of bills by the Parliament.
Constitutional framework and position of prime minister[edit]
The Constitution envisions a scheme of affairs in which the President of India is the head of the executive in terms of Article 53 with office of the prime minister as chief of Council of Ministers to assist and advise the president in the discharge of his/her constitutional functions. To quote, Article 53, 74 and 75 provide as under;
The executive powers of the Union shall be vested in the president and shall be exercised either directly or through subordinate officers, in accordance with the Constitution.
—  Article 53(1), Constitution of India
There shall be a Council of Ministers with the prime minister at the head to aid and advise the president who shall, in the exercise of his functions, act in accordance with such advice.
—  Article 74(1), Constitution of India
The Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President and the other Ministers shall be appointed by the President on the advice of the Prime Minister.
—  Article 75(1), Constitution of India
Like most parliamentary democracies, a President's duties are mostly ceremonial as long as the constitution and the rule of law is obeyed by the Union Cabinet and the Legislature. The Prime Minister of India is the head of union government and has the responsibility for executive power. The President's constitutional duty is to preserve, protect and defend the Constitution and the law per Article 60. In the constitution of India, the Prime Minister is mentioned in only four of its articles (Articles 74,75,78 and 366), however he plays a crucial role in the union government of India by enjoying majority in the Lok Sabha.
Role and power of the prime minister[edit]
Republic of India
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Constitution of India
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The prime minister leads the functioning and exercise of authority of the union government of India. The President of India invites a person (subject to eligibility) who is commanding support of majority members of Lok Sabha to form the Union government, also known as the Central government, at the national level and exercise its powers.[2] In practice the prime minister nominates the members of their Council of Ministers[3][4][5] to the president. They also work upon to decide a core group of Ministers (known as the Cabinet)[3] as in-charge of the important functions and ministries of the Government of India.
The prime minister is responsible for aiding and advising the president in distribution of work of the Government to various ministries and offices and in terms of the Government of India (Allocation of Business) Rules, 1961.[6] The co-ordinating work is generally allocated to the Cabinet Secretariat.[7] While the work of the Government is generally divided into various Ministries, the prime minister may retain certain portfolios if they are not allocated to any member of the cabinet.
The prime minister, in consultation with the Cabinet, schedules and attends the sessions of the Houses of Parliament and is required to answer the question from the Members of Parliament to them as the in-charge of the portfolios in the capacity as Prime Minister of India.[8]
Some specific ministries/department are not allocated to anyone in the cabinet but the prime minister themself. The Prime Minister is usually always in-charge/head of:
Ministry of Personnel, Public Grievances and Pensions
Cabinet Secretariat
Appointments Committee of the Cabinet
NITI Aayog
Department of Atomic Energy
Department of Space
Nuclear Command Authority
The prime minister represents the country in various delegations, high level meetings and international organisations that require the attendance of the highest government office[9] and also addresses to the nation on various issues of national or other importance.[10]
Per Article 78 of the constitution, the official communication between the union cabinet and the president are through the prime minister. Other wise constitution recognises the prime minister as a member of the union cabinet only outside the sphere of union cabinet.
Appointment[edit]
Eligibility[edit]
According to Article 84 of the Constitution of India, which sets the principle qualification for member of Parliament, and Article 75 of the Constitution of India, which sets the qualifications for the minister in the Union Council of Minister, and the argument that the position of prime minister has been described as 'first among equals',[11] A prime minister must:
be a citizen of India.
be a member of the Lok Sabha or the Rajya Sabha. If the person chosen as the prime minister is neither a member of the Lok Sabha nor the Rajya Sabha at the time of selection, they must become a member of either of the houses within six months.
be above 25 years of age if they are a member of Lok Sabha or above 30 years of age if they are a member of the Rajya Sabha.
not hold any office of profit under the Government of India or the Government of any State or under any local or other authority subject to the control of any of the said Governments.
If however a candidate is elected as the prime minister they must vacate their post from any private or government company and may take up the post only on completion of their term.
Oath[edit]
The Prime Minister is required to make and subscribe in the presence of President of India before entering office, the oath of office and secrecy, as per the Third Schedule of the Constitution of India.
Oath of office:
I, <name>, do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will bear true faith and allegiance to the Constitution of India as by law established, that I will uphold the sovereignty and integrity of India, that I will faithfully and conscientiously discharge my duties as prime minister for the Union and that I will do right to all manner of people in accordance with the Constitution and the law, without fear or favour, affection or ill-will.
—  Constitution of India, Third Schedule, Part I
Oath of secrecy:
I, <name>, do swear in the name of God/solemnly affirm that I will not directly or indirectly communicate or reveal to any person or persons any matter which shall be brought under my consideration or shall become known to me as prime minister for the Union except as may be required for the due discharge of my duties as such Minister.
—  Constitution of India, Third Schedule, Part II
Removal[edit]
Upon ceasing to possess the requisite qualifications to be a member of Parliament subject to the Representation of the People Act, 1951.[12]
Compensation[edit]
By Article 75 of the constitution of India, remuneration of the prime minister as well as other ministers are to be decided by the Parliament[13] and is renewed from time to time. The original remuneration for prime minister and other ministers were specified in the Part B of the second schedule of the constitution, which was later removed by an amendment. In 2010, the prime minister's office reported that he did not receive a formal salary, but was only entitled to monthly allowances.[14] That same year The Economist reported that, on a purchasing power parity basis, the prime minister received an equivalent of $4106 per year. As a percentage of the country's per-capita GDP (Gross Domestic Product), this is the lowest of all countries The Economist surveyed.[15]
Prime Minister monthly pay and allowances
Salary in Oct 2009
Salary in Oct 2010
Salary in Jul 2012
₹100,000 (US$1,600) ₹135,000 (US$2,100) ₹160,000 (US$2,500)
Sources:[1]
The 7, Lok Kalyan Marg ( earlier name was Race Course Road) in New Delhi, serves as the official place of residence for the Prime Minister of India. For ground travel, the Prime Minister uses the highly modified armoured BMW 7 Series (F01), while for air travel, an aircraft designated by the call sign Air India One is used. The Special Protection Group is charged with protecting the sitting Prime Minister and his/her family.
See also[edit]
India portal
List of Presidents of India
List of Prime Ministers of India
Deputy Prime Minister of India
List of Prime Ministers of India by longevity
Prime Minister's Office (India)
Air transports of heads of state and government
Official state car
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Pay & Allowances of the Prime Minister" (PDF). pmindia.nic.in/. Archived from the original (PDF) on 18 July 2013. Retrieved 14 June 2013.
Jump up ^ http://lawmin.nic.in/olwing/coi/coi-english/coi-4March2016.pdf
^ Jump up to: a b "Prime Minister and the Cabinet Ministers". pmindia.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
Jump up ^ "Ministers of State (Independent Charge)". pmindia.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
Jump up ^ "Ministers of State (without Independent Charge)". pmindia.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
Jump up ^ "(Allocation of Business) Rules 1961". cabsec.nic.in. Archived from the original on 30 April 2008. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
Jump up ^ "Cabinet Secretariat, Govt.of India". cabsec.gov.in. Retrieved 2008-06-05.
Jump up ^ "PM's answers to Parliamentary Questions". pmindia.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
Jump up ^ "Recent Visit of the Prime Minister". pmindia.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
Jump up ^ "Recent National Messages of the PM". pmindia.nic.in. Archived from the original on 20 April 2008. Retrieved 5 June 2008.
Jump up ^ Basu, Durga D. (2009). "11". Introduction to the Constitution of India. Nagpur, India: LexisNexis Butterworths Wadhwa Nagpur. p. 199. ISBN 978-81-8038-559-9.
Jump up ^ "Sections 7 & 8k, The representation of the people act,1951" (PDF). Retrieved 2 July 2016.
Jump up ^ The Constitution of India, Article 75-6
Jump up ^ "A Raise for Prime Minister Manmohan Singh?". Wall Street Journal. 23 July 2010. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
Jump up ^ "Leaders of the fee world: How much a country's leader is paid compared to GDP per person". The Economist. 5 July 2010. Retrieved 14 August 2012.
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values: رئيس وزراء الهند – Arabic

values: ভাৰতৰ প্ৰধানমন্ত্ৰী – Assamese

values: ভারতের প্রধানমন্ত্রী – Bangla

values: भारत के परधानमंत्री – Bhojpuri

values: އިންޑިޔާގެ ބޮޑުވަޒީރު – Divehi

values: Listo de ĉefministroj de Barato – Esperanto

values: 인도의 총리 – Korean

values: भारत का प्रधानमन्त्री – Hindi

values: ראש ממשלת הודו – Hebrew

values: Dhaptar Perdhana Mentri India – Javanese

values: ಭಾರತದ ಪ್ರಧಾನ ಮಂತ್ರಿ – Kannada

values: ინდოეთის პრემიერ-მინისტრი – Georgian

values: Lëscht vun de Premierministere vun Indien – Luxembourgish

values: Премиер на Индија – Macedonian

values: ഇന്ത്യൻ പ്രധാനമന്ത്രി – Malayalam

values: भारताचे पंतप्रधान – Marathi

values: ინდოეთიშ პრემიერ-მინისტრი – Mingrelian

values: भारतको प्रधानमन्त्री – Nepali

values: Statsministeren i India – Norwegian Nynorsk

values: ଭାରତର ପ୍ରଧାନମନ୍ତ୍ରୀ – Odia

values: Премьер-министр Индии – Russian

values: भारतस्य प्रधानमन्त्री – Sanskrit

values: ඉන්දියාවේ අගමැති – Sinhala

values: Prime Minister of India – Simple English

values: இந்தியப் பிரதமர் – Tamil

values: ప్రధానమంత్రి – Telugu

values: นายกรัฐมนตรีอินเดีย – Thai

values: Список прем'єр-міністрів Індії – Ukrainian

values: وزیراعظم بھارت – Urdu

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