text:
Active Directory Federation Services
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Active Directory Federation Services (AD FS), a software component developed by Microsoft, can run on Windows Server operating systems to provide users with single sign-on access to systems and applications located across organizational boundaries. It uses a claims-based access-control authorization model to maintain application security and to implement federated identity.[1] Claims-based authentication involves authenticating a user based on a set of claims about that user's identity contained in a trusted token. Such a token is often issued and signed by an entity that is able to authenticate the user by other means, and that is trusted by the entity doing the claims-based authentication.[2] It is part of the Active Directory Services.
In AD FS, identity federation[3] is established between two organizations by establishing trust between two security realms. A federation server on one side (the Accounts side) authenticates the user through the standard means in Active Directory Domain Services and then issues a token containing a series of claims about the user, including its identity. On the other side, the Resources side, another federation server validates the token and issues another token for the local servers to accept the claimed identity. This allows a system to provide controlled access to its resources or services to a user that belongs to another security realm without requiring the user to authenticate directly to the system and without the two systems sharing a database of user identities or passwords.
In practice a user might typically perceive this approach as follows:
The user logs into their local PC (as they typically would when commencing work in the morning).
The user needs to obtain information from a partner company's extranet website, for example to obtain pricing or product details.
The user navigates to the partner-company extranet site, for example: http://example.com.
The partner website now does not require any password to be typed in; instead, the user credentials are passed to the partner extranet site using AD FS.
The user is now logged into the partner website and can interact with the website as if logged in.
AD FS integrates with Active Directory Domain Services, using it as an identity provider. AD FS can interact with other WS-* and SAML 2.0-compliant federation services as federation partners.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Versions
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Versions[edit]
ADFS 1.0 - Windows Server 2003 R2 (additional download)
ADFS 1.1 - Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2
ADFS 2.0 - Windows Server 2008 and Windows Server 2008 R2 (download from Microsoft.com)
ADFS 2.1 - Windows Server 2012
ADFS 3.0 - Windows Server 2012 R2
ADFS 4.0 - Windows Server 2016
See also[edit]
Claims-based identity
Digital identity
Information Card
LDAP
SAML
Windows CardSpace
Windows Server 2012
Windows Server 2008
WS-Federation
Office 365
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Introducing AD FS 2.0". Microsoft TechNet. May 2, 2010. Retrieved March 2, 2017.
Jump up ^ "An Introduction to Claims". MSDN. 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "What is Federated Identity Management?". Technopedia. 2016. Retrieved May 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "ADFS Deep Dive". MSDN. November 2, 2014. Retrieved May 18, 2016.
External links[edit]
AD FS 2.0 Content Map
AD FS TechNet Library
AD FS MSDN Library
AD FS in Server 2016 What's new
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Active_Directory_Federation_Services&oldid=822559467"
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Miracle on 34th Street
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the 1947 film. For other uses, see Miracle on 34th Street (disambiguation).
Miracle on 34th Street
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
George Seaton
Produced by
William Perlberg
Screenplay by
George Seaton
Story by
Valentine Davies
Starring
Maureen O'Hara
John Payne
Natalie Wood
Edmund Gwenn
Music by
Cyril J. Mockridge
Cinematography
Lloyd Ahern
Charles G. Clarke
Edited by
Robert L. Simpson
Production
company
20th Century Fox
Distributed by
20th Century Fox
Release date
June 4, 1947 (1947-06-04)
Running time
96 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$630,000
Box office
$2.7 million (US rentals)[1]
Miracle on 34th Street (originally released in the United Kingdom as The Big Heart)[2][3][4] is a 1947 American Christmas comedy-drama film written and directed by George Seaton and based on a story by Valentine Davies. It stars Maureen O'Hara, John Payne, Natalie Wood and Edmund Gwenn. The story takes place between Thanksgiving Day and Christmas Day in New York City, and focuses on the impact of a department store Santa Claus who claims to be the real Santa. The film has become a perennial Christmas favorite.
The film won Academy Awards for Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Edmund Gwenn), Best Writing, Original Story (Valentine Davies) and Best Writing, Screenplay. It was also nominated for Best Picture, losing to Gentleman's Agreement. In 2005, the film was selected for preservation in the National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically or aesthetically significant". The Academy Film Archive preserved Miracle on 34th Street in 2009.[5]
Davies also penned a short novelization of the tale, which was published by Harcourt Brace simultaneously with the film's release.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Legal inaccuracies
4 Release
5 Reaction
5.1 Critical reception
5.2 Awards and honors
6 Home media and colorization
7 Remake
8 In other media
8.1 Radio
8.2 Theatre
8.3 Television
8.4 Puppets
8.5 Changing character names
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
Plot[edit]
Kris Kringle (Edmund Gwenn) is indignant to find that the man (Percy Helton) assigned to play Santa in the annual Macy's Thanksgiving Day Parade is intoxicated. When he complains to event director Doris Walker (Maureen O'Hara), she persuades Kris to take his place. He does so well, he is hired to play Santa at Macy's flagship New York City store on 34th Street.
Ignoring instructions to steer parents to buy from Macy's, Kris directs one shopper (Thelma Ritter) to a competitor. Impressed, she tells Julian Shellhammer (Philip Tonge), head of the toy department, that she will become a loyal customer.
Attorney Fred Gailey (John Payne), Doris's neighbor, takes the young divorcée's daughter Susan (Natalie Wood) to see Santa. Doris has raised her to not believe in fairy tales, but Susan is shaken after seeing Kris speak Dutch with a girl who does not know English. Doris asks Kringle to tell Susan that he is not Santa, but he insists that he is.
Worried, Doris decides to fire him. However, Kris has generated so much positive publicity and goodwill for Macy's that Macy (Harry Antrim) promises Doris and Julian bonuses. To alleviate Doris's misgivings, Julian has Granville Sawyer (Porter Hall) administer a "psychological evaluation". Kris passes, and questions Sawyer's own mental health.
The store expands on the concept. To avoid looking greedy, competitor Gimbels implements the same policy, forcing Macy's and others to escalate. Eventually, Kris does the impossible: he reconciles bitter rivals Macy and Gimbel (Herbert Heyes).
Pierce (James Seay), the doctor at Kris' nursing home, assures Doris that Kris is harmless. Kris makes a pact with Fred – he will work on Susan's cynicism while Fred does the same with Doris, disillusioned by her failed marriage. When Susan reveals she wants a house, Kris reluctantly promises to do his best.
Kris learns that Sawyer has convinced young employee Alfred that he is unstable simply because he is kind-hearted. Finding Sawyer unwilling to budge, Kris hits him on the head with Sawyer's umbrella, which was on the desk. Sawyer exaggerates his pain in order to have Kris confined to Bellevue Hospital. Tricked into cooperating, and believing Doris to be in on the deception, Kris deliberately fails his examination and is recommended for permanent commitment. However, Fred persuades Kris not to give up.
At a hearing before Judge Henry X. Harper (Gene Lockhart), District Attorney Thomas Mara (Jerome Cowan) gets Kris to assert that he is Santa Claus and rests his case. Fred argues that Kris is not insane because he actually is Santa. Mara requests Harper rule that Santa does not exist. In private, Harper's political adviser, Charlie Halloran (William Frawley), warns him that doing so would be disastrous for his upcoming reelection bid. The judge buys time by hearing evidence.
Doris quarrels with Fred when he quits his job at a prestigious law firm to defend Kris. Fred calls Macy as a witness. When Mara asks if he believes Kris to be Santa, Macy starts to equivocate, but when pressed, he remembers the good Kris has done and states, "I do!" Afterward, Macy fires Sawyer. Fred then calls Mara's own young son (Bobby Hyatt), who testifies that his father told him that Santa was real. Mara concedes the point.
Mara then demands that Fred prove that Kris is "the one and only" Santa Claus on the basis of some competent authority. While Fred searches frantically, Susan writes Kris a letter to cheer him up, which Doris also signs. When a mail sorter (Jack Albertson) sees Susan's letter, he suggests delivering the many letters to Santa taking up space in the dead letter office too. Fred presents Judge Harper with three of them (from 21 full mailbags), addressed simply to "Santa Claus" and delivered to Kris, asserting the Post Office has acknowledged that he is the Santa Claus. Harper dismisses the case.
On Christmas morning, Susan is disappointed that Kris could not get her what she wanted. Kris gives Fred and Doris a route home that avoids traffic. Along the way, Susan sees her dream house with a "For Sale" sign in the front yard. Fred learns that Doris had encouraged Susan to have faith and suggests they get married and purchase the house. He then boasts that he must be a great lawyer since he proved Kris was Santa. However, when they spot a cane inside that looks just like Kris's, he is not so sure.
Cast[edit]
Maureen O'Hara as Doris Walker
John Payne as Frederick M. "Fred" Gailey
Edmund Gwenn as Kris Kringle
Gene Lockhart as The Hon. Henry X. Harper
Natalie Wood as Susan Walker
Porter Hall as Granville Sawyer
William Frawley as Charlie Halloran
Jerome Cowan as District Attorney Thomas Mara
Philip Tonge as Julian Shellhammer
Uncredited (alphabetically):
Jack Albertson as "Al", the Post Office Mail Sorter
Harry Antrim as R. H. Macy
Lela Bliss as Mrs. Shellhammer
Jeff Corey as Reporter
Mary Field as Dutch Girl's Adopted Mother
William Forrest as Dr. Rogers at Bellevue
Alvin Greenman as Alfred
Theresa Harris as Cleo, the Walkers' maid/housekeeper
Percy Helton as Drunken Santa Claus
Herbert Heyes as Mr. Gimbel
Robert Karnes as 2nd Bellevue Intern
Snub Pollard as Mail-Bearing Court Officer
Thelma Ritter as Peter's Mother
James Seay as Dr. Pierce, physician at the Brooks Memorial Home for the Aged
Production[edit]
Although the film is set during the Christmas season, studio head Darryl F. Zanuck insisted that it be released in May, arguing that more people go to the movies in warmer weather. The studio rushed to promote it while keeping its Christmas setting a secret. Fox's promotional trailer depicted a fictional producer roaming the studio backlot and encountering such stars as Rex Harrison, Anne Baxter, Peggy Ann Garner, and Dick Haymes extolling the virtues of the film. In addition, the movie posters prominently featured O'Hara and Payne, with Gwenn's character kept in the background. The film opened in New York City at the Roxy Theatre on June 4, 1947.[6] By contrast, modern home video packaging has Gwenn and Wood dominating the imagery, with the DVD release having Kringle in his Santa Claus costume.
O'Hara was initially reluctant to take the role, having recently moved back to Ireland. She immediately changed her mind after reading the script[7] and came back to the United States for the film.
The Christmas window displays seen in the film were originally made by Steiff for Macy's. Macy's later sold the window displays to FAO Schwarz in New York. FAO Schwarz then sold the windows to the Marshall & Ilsley Bank of Milwaukee, Wisconsin, where they are on display every December in the bank's lobby on North Water Street.
The house shown at the end of the film is a 1703 square foot single family home built in 1943 at 24 Derby Road, Port Washington, New York. The home looks practically the same as it did in 1947, except that the roof line has been altered by the addition of a window.
Rowland Hussey Macy, called R. H. Macy in the film, died 70 years prior to the film (in 1877).[8]
Legal inaccuracies[edit]
In the book Reel Justice, the authors claim that Judge Harper could have dismissed the case early without the political repercussions he feared. In their theory, once the prosecutor rested his case immediately after Kris Kringle admitted in court simply that he believed he was Santa Claus, Judge Harper could have ruled that prosecution had forfeited its opportunity to prove that Kringle was dangerous (the basic point of such hearings; Kringle's actual mental state itself being irrelevant), and ordered him immediately released. However, this high standard for involuntary commitment was not instituted until 1975 with the U.S. Supreme Court's decision O'Connor v. Donaldson.
When demonstrating that he has taken several mental examinations in the past, Kris Kringle answers his own question about who was the Vice President under John Quincy Adams as Daniel D. Tompkins. Tompkins actually served under James Monroe. John C. Calhoun is the correct answer to Kringle's question. Tompkins was the 6th vice-president and Quincy Adams was the 6th president, leading to confusion in the script.[9]
Release[edit]
The film was re-released in theatres on December 20 and 23, 2015, as part of the "TCM Presents" series by Turner Classic Movies and Fathom Events.[10]
Reaction[edit]
Critical reception[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2014)
Miracle on 34th Street received mostly positive reviews from critics. Bosley Crowther of The New York Times said: "For all those blasé skeptics who do not believe in Santa Claus—and likewise for all those natives who have grown cynical about New York—but most especially for all those patrons who have grown weary of the monotonies of the screen, let us heartily recommend the Roxy's new picture, Miracle on 34th Street. As a matter of fact, let's go further: let's catch its spirit and heartily proclaim that it is the freshest little picture in a long time, and maybe even the best comedy of this year."[11] Today, it is considered by many as one of the best films of 1947.[12][13] The film currently holds a 96% "Fresh" rating on the review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes.[14]
The Catholic Legion of Decency gave the movie a "B", "morally objectionable in part" rating. This was mainly due to the fact that O'Hara was portraying a divorcée in the film.[15]
Awards and honors[edit]
The film won Academy Awards for Best Actor in a Supporting Role (Edmund Gwenn), Best Writing, Original Story (Valentine Davies) and Best Writing, Screenplay. It was also nominated for Best Picture, losing to Gentleman's Agreement.
It was ranked ninth by the American Film Institute on 100 Years... 100 Cheers, a list of America's most inspiring films.[16] Miracle on 34th Street was listed as the fifth best film in the fantasy genre in the American Film Institute's "Ten top Ten" lists in 2008.[17][18]
In 2005, Miracle on 34th Street was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".[19][20]
American Film Institute Lists
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies – Nominated[21]
AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – Nominated[22]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers – #9
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – Nominated[23]
AFI's 10 Top 10 – #5 Fantasy Film
Home media and colorization[edit]
Miracle on 34th Street was first released on VHS and laserdisc in 1987.
In 1985, it became one of the first full-length black and white films to be colorized.[24] The 4½-month process was carried out by Color Systems Technology, Inc.[25] In 1993, this version was released on laserdisc and VHS and was followed four years later by a "50th Anniversary Edition", remastered by THX.
The first DVD release was in October 1999, featuring the B&W version alongside the original theatrical trailer and a TV spot. In November 2006, it was re-released as a two-disc "Special Edition" DVD, with disc one containing an "all new colorized version" carried out by Legend Films. The second disc had the original black-and-white version and numerous extras, including The 20th Century Fox Hour's 1955 TV remake. Both discs also included a full-length audio commentary by Maureen O'Hara. The B&W disc has since been re-released several times, including in a pairing with the 1994 remake.
In October 2009, 20th Century Fox released the B&W version on Blu-ray with all previous extras, bar the TV remake.[26]
Remake[edit]
Main article: Miracle on 34th Street (1994 film)
A 1994 feature film starred Richard Attenborough, Elizabeth Perkins, Dylan McDermott, J. T. Walsh, Timothy Shea, James Remar, Jane Leeves, Simon Jones, William Windom and Mara Wilson. It was adapted by John Hughes from the Seaton script, and directed by Les Mayfield. Due to Macy's refusal to give permission to use its name, it was replaced by the fictitious "Cole's". Gimbels no longer existed by 1994 and was replaced with the fictional "Shopper's Express". Alvin Greenman (Alfred in the original version) played a doorman. This version had a more serious tone than the original and a large portion was rewritten, although the majority of the plot and characters remained intact. The film also added a subtext concerning religious faith.
In other media[edit]
There are four remakes of the movie and a Broadway musical.
Radio[edit]
Lux Radio Theater broadcast an adaptation in 1947 which starred the original cast including Natalie Wood. In 1948 it was done again on Lux, without Natalie Wood's participation, and it was adapted as a half-hour radio play on two broadcasts of Screen Director's Playhouse, all featuring Edmund Gwenn in his screen role. In these production Kris correctly cites James Monroe as the President for whom Daniel D. Tompkins was the Vice-President.
Theatre[edit]
A 1963 Broadway musical version, entitled Here's Love, was written by Meredith Willson.
The novella was adapted into a stage play by Will Severin, Patricia Di Benedetto Snyder and John Vreeke in 2000. It is a favorite in many community and regional theaters during the Christmas season.[27] The characters' names are those used in the novella, and the stage setting is distinctly late 1940s. Production rights are held by Samuel French, Inc.[28]
Television[edit]
A 1955 one-hour television adaptation of the movie starred Thomas Mitchell as Kris, Macdonald Carey as Fred, Teresa Wright as Doris, and Sandy Descher as Susan. This version did not show the drunken Santa at all. Titled "The Miracle on 34th Street", it originally aired as an episode of The 20th Century Fox Hour. It was later re-run as "Meet Mr. Kringle".
Ed Wynn played Kris in a 1959 television adaptation of the movie. Also featured was Orson Bean. It was broadcast live and in color on NBC the day after Thanksgiving. NBC made a kinescope of the program, probably for broadcasting opening night on the West Coast. The copy was in a large collection of kinescopes donated by NBC to the Library of Congress and recently unearthed by Richard Finegan, who reported his experiences in the December 2005 issue of Classic Images.
A 1973 television version featured Jane Alexander, David Hartman, Roddy McDowall, Sebastian Cabot as Kris (without his natural beard; he was forced to shave and wear a false beard for the role), Suzanne Davidson, Jim Backus, David Doyle and Tom Bosley. It was adapted by Jeb Rosebrook from the George Seaton screenplay, and directed by Fielder Cook. Mrs. Walker's first name is changed to Karen in this version. This would prove to be the final version in which the department store was actually Macy's. David Doyle, who played R. H. Macy in this version had played Mr. Sawyer in the original Broadway cast of Here's Love 10 years earlier.
Puppets[edit]
The flagship Macy's Department Store at Herald Square in New York features a 30-minute puppet version of the story within its Santaland display, featuring the voice talents of Broadway stars Brian Stokes Mitchell and Victoria Clark.
Changing character names[edit]
1947
1955
1959
1963 Broadway musical
1973
1994
Doris Walker Karen Walker Dorey Walker
Frederick M. Gailey Bill Schaffner Bryan Bedford
Kris Kringle
Susan Walker
Cleo [eliminated]
Drunk Santa [no name given] [no name given] Tony Falacchi
Julian Shellhammer Mr. Shellhammer Marvin Shellhammer Horace Shellhammer Donald Shellhammer
Mrs. Shellhammer [eliminated]
Alfred Alfred [eliminated]
Granville Sawyer Dr. Albert Sawyer Dr. William Sawyer Dr. Bartholomew Sawyer Dr. Henry Sawyer [eliminated]
R. H. Macy Mr. Macy R. H. Macy C. F. Cole
Mr. Gimbel Victor Landbergh
Dr. Pierce [eliminated] Dr. Pierce [eliminated]
Hon. Henry X. Harper Hon. Harper Hon. Martin Group Hon. Harper Hon. Henry Harper
Charlie Halloran Tammany O'Halloran [eliminated]
Thomas Mara Mr. Mara Thomas Mara Ed Collins
Mrs. Mara [eliminated] [eliminated] Rebecca Collins
Macy's Department Store Cole's Department Store
Gimbels Department Store Shopper's Express
See also[edit]
Trial movies
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Top Grossers of 1947", Variety, 7 January 1948, p. 63
Jump up ^ BFI: Miracle on 34th Street Retrieved December 22, 2012
Jump up ^ "Miracle on 34th Street, Release Info, Also Known As". Internet Movie Database. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Big Heart Poster". Movie Poster Studio. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "Preserved Projects". Academy Film Archive.
Jump up ^ Brown, Gene (1995). Movie Time: A Chronology of Hollywood and the Movie Industry from Its Beginnings to the Present. New York, NY: Macmillan. p. 186. ISBN 0-02-860429-6.
Jump up ^ O'Hara, Maureen; John Nicoletti (2005). 'Tis herself: a memoir. London: Pocket. p. 139. ISBN 978-0-7434-9535-6.
Jump up ^ "Rowland Hussey Macy". Find a Grave. June 3, 1998. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Making of Miracle on 34th Street, 50th Anniversary Edition" (Sindpiper Publishing), 1997
Jump up ^ Kelley, Seth (June 9, 2015). "'Psycho,' 'Grease' Returning to Cinemas in 'TCM Presents' Series". Variety. Retrieved September 6, 2015.
Jump up ^ Crowther, Bosley (June 5, 1947). "Movie Review: ' Miracle on 34th Street,' With Edmund Gwenn in the Role of Santa Claus, at Roxy -- 'Web' at Loew's Criterion". The New York Times. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Greatest Films of 1947". Filmsite.org. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "The Best Movies of 1947 by Rank". Films101.com. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Miracle on 34th Street Movie Reviews, Pictures". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ Catcher, Jessica (December 12, 2014). "12 Awesome Facts You Didn't Know About The Original Miracle On 34th Street". ViralNova. Retrieved May 27, 2015.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Cheers". American Film Institute. 2006. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AFI Crowns Top 10 Films in 10 Classic Genres". ComingSoon.net. June 17, 2008. Retrieved June 18, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Top 10 Fantasy". American Film Institute. Retrieved June 18, 2008.
Jump up ^ "Miracle on 34th Street". On Location Tours. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Miracle on 34th Street (1947): Awards". IMDb. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies Nominees" (PDF). AFI. 2002.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores Nominees: Official Ballot" (PDF). AFI. September 23, 2005. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) Ballot" (PDF). AFI. 2007.
Jump up ^ "Miracle on 34th Street (1947) - Articles - TCM.com". Turner Classic Movies. Retrieved 2018-01-26.
Jump up ^ Nitrate Won't Wait: A History of Film Preservation in the United States (2000) by Anthony Slide, page 125.
Jump up ^ "Miracle on 34th Street Blu-ray". Blu-ray.com. Retrieved May 31, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Rancho Cucamonga Community Theatre Presents Miracle on 34th Street". Lewis Family Playhouse. Retrieved August 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Snyder, Patricia Di Benedetto; Severin, Will; Vreeke, John (2000). Miracle on 34th Street: A Play from the Novel by Valentine Davies. Samuel French, Inc. ISBN 978-0573628924.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Miracle on 34th Street
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Miracle on 34th Street (film).
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Backstage and deleted scenes
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Streaming audio
Miracle on 34th Street on Lux Radio Theater: December 22, 1947
Miracle on 34th Street on Screen Directors Playhouse: December 23, 1949
Miracle on 34th Street on Screen Directors Playhouse: December 21, 1950
Miracle on 34th Street on Lux Radio Theater: December 21, 1954
[show]
v
t
e
Miracle on 34th Street
Films
Miracle on 34th Street (1947)
Miracle on 34th Street (1994)
Television productions
"The Miracle on 34th Street" (The 20th Century Fox Hour) (1955)
"Miracle on 34th Street" (NBC Friday Night Special Presentation) (1959)
Miracle on 34th Street (1973)
Other versions
Miracle on 34th Street (1947 novella)
Here's Love (1963 musical)
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by George Seaton
Diamond Horseshoe (1945)
Junior Miss (1945)
The Shocking Miss Pilgrim (1947)
Miracle on 34th Street (1947)
Apartment for Peggy (1948)
Chicken Every Sunday (1949)
The Big Lift (1950)
For Heaven's Sake (1950)
Anything Can Happen (1952)
Little Boy Lost (1953)
The Country Girl (1954)
The Proud and Profane (1956)
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It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)"
Single by AC/DC
from the album T.N.T./High Voltage
B-side
"Can I Sit Next to You Girl"
Released
8 December 1975 (1975-12-08)
Format
7-inch single
Recorded
Albert Studios
(Sydney, Australia)
Genre
Hard rock
Length
5:01
Label
Albert
Songwriter(s)
Angus Young
Malcolm Young
Bon Scott
Producer(s)
Harry Vanda
George Young
AC/DC singles chronology
"High Voltage"
(1975) "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)"
(1975) "T.N.T."
(1976)
"High Voltage"
(1975) "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)"
(1975) "T.N.T."
(1976)
Audio sample
file
help
"It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" is a song by Australian hard rock band AC/DC. It is the first track of the group's album T.N.T., released in December 1975, and was written by Angus Young, Malcolm Young and Bon Scott. The song is notable for combining bagpipes with hard rock instrumentation; in the middle section of the song there is a call and response between the bagpipes and guitar.[1] The original recording is in B-flat major, but it was played live in A major.[2]
A slightly shortened version of the song is also the first track on the international version of High Voltage, released in May 1976. This version appears only on the vinyl release and the 2003 CD reissue.
The full version of the song is also on the Volts CD of the Bonfire box set, released in 1997.
This was a signature song for Bon Scott. Brian Johnson, who replaced Scott as AC/DC's lead vocalist from 1980 until his departure in 2016, did not perform it out of respect for his predecessor.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Lyrics
2 Bagpipes
3 Personnel
4 Production
5 Music video
6 Popularity
7 Connection to ACDC Lane
8 Recorded cover versions
9 References
Lyrics[edit]
The song chronicles the hardships endured by a rock band on tour, such as being robbed, assaulted, stoned and cheated by a greedy agent. However, the band accepts these hardships as natural on the path to stardom, saying that "It's a long way to the top/If you wanna rock 'n' roll".[4]
Bagpipes[edit]
George Young (the older brother of Angus and Malcolm), having heard that Bon Scott was in a pipe band, encouraged the use of bagpipes in the song. Scott obliged despite having never played them before; he had actually been a drummer in the band.[1] Scott used a set of bagpipes to play the song live until 1976, following an incident where he set them down at the corner of a stage and they were destroyed by fans.[1] Subsequent live performances used a recording of the song's bagpipe part or an extended guitar solo by Angus.[2]
Personnel[edit]
Bon Scott – lead vocals, bagpipes
Angus Young – lead guitar
Malcolm Young – rhythm guitar, backing vocals
Mark Evans – bass guitar[5]
Phil Rudd – drums
Production[edit]
Producers: Harry Vanda, George Young
Music video[edit]
The music video for "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)", was filmed on 23 February 1976 for the Australian music television program Countdown. It featured the band's members on the back of a flatbed truck travelling on Swanston Street in Melbourne, Australia, being followed by members of the Rats of Tobruk Pipe band. Known members of the Rats of Tobruk Pipe Band at the time of the video's filming include: Alan Butterworth, Les Kenfield and Kevin Conlon.[citation needed] The video was dubbed with the studio track from the album T.N.T. and is available on the Family Jewels DVD.[6]
The video was directed by Paul Drane.[7] David Olney was the cameraman.[8]
Two other videos for the song exist. One version, filmed the same day as the truck version, features the group miming the song on a stage in Melbourne's City Square in front of an audience.[9] The pipe players appear here as well. This version is available in the Backtracks box set. A third version features the group simply miming the song on a soundstage, making it appear as if it were being played live (This version is considered rare and as of 2014 hasn't been officially released on any DVD compilations; it can be found on YouTube). Also, a version of the group performing the song on Australian Bandstand with Scott singing live over the studio track appears on the DVD set Plug Me In.
Popularity[edit]
In May 2001, Australasian Performing Rights Association (APRA) celebrated its 75th anniversary by naming the Best Australian Songs of all time, as decided by a 100-member industry panel. "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" was ranked as the ninth song on the list.[10] The song is regularly played during stoppages at AFL matches at the ANZ stadium in Sydney.
The song was also used in the comedy movie School of Rock (2003) during the ending credits sequence when Jack Black's character, Dewey Finn, is giving his kids an "after-school lesson" on rock.
In 2010, this song was ranked no. 3 in Triple M's Ultimate 500 Rock Countdown in Melbourne. The top five were all AC/DC songs.[11]
In 2012, this song was inducted into the National Film and Sound Archive's Sounds of Australia.[12]
In the third episode of Empire of Cricket, a 2009 British BBC-TV documentary about the history of cricket, "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" is played over the opening credits. The episode details the history of Australian cricket and its rise to dominance.
ITV used the song for the closing montage to their coverage of the 2010 Tour de France. It was the first to be won by an Australian, when BMC's Cadel Evans won the race.
A clip of the song's intro is often used by the Golf Channel before commercial breaks.
The song is being used to accompany the promotional video for the 2013 Australian Open Tennis Tournament.
Keith Urban guitarist Brian Nutter often uses the song during his solo section during live performances.
The song is being used by the Chicago Cubs in 2017 as an accompaniment to a video played just prior to the team taking the field.
Connection to ACDC Lane[edit]
On October 1, 2004, Melbourne, Australia's Corporation Lane was officially renamed "ACDC Lane" in honour of the band (street names in the City of Melbourne cannot contain the "/" character). This change was made in part because the music video for "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" was filmed on Melbourne's Swanston Street, near ACDC Lane. The Melbourne City Council's vote to rename the street was unanimous.[13] Bagpipers played "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" at the official renaming ceremony.[3]
Recorded cover versions[edit]
Performed by:
Jack Black and the cast of School of Rock - Original soundtrack (2003)
Pat Boone - In a Metal Mood: No More Mr. Nice Guy (1997)
Dead Moon - Destination X (1999)
Die Krupps - Covered In Black: An Industrial Tribute to the Kings of High Voltage (tribute compilation) (1997)
Dropkick Murphys - The Singles Collection, Vol. 2 (2005)
Electric - A Tribute to AC/DC (2006)
John Farnham - b-side to Two Strong Hearts (1988)
John Farnham & Tom Jones - Together in Concert (2005)
Iced Earth - Tribute to the Gods (2002)
Lemmy - Cover Me in '80s Metal (Fantastic Price Records, 2006)
Local H - Pack Up the Cats B-Side. Features Brendan O'Brien playing the bagpipe parts on a hurdy-gurdy.
The Meanies - Fuse Box – An Alternative Tribute (1995)
The Melbourne Ukulele Kollective - ABC-TV's Spicks and Specks (2006)
Motörhead - Thunderbolt: A Tribute to AC/DC (1998)
Nantucket - Long Way to the Top (1980)
Scarlett Pomers - A Millennium Tribute to AC/DC (2010)
Rawkus - AC/DC: Hometown Tribute (2002)
Sandra Weckert - Bar Jazz (2003)
The Wiggles - The Andrew Denton Breakfast Show - Musical Challenge (2000)
Lucinda Williams - Little Honey (2008)
Eric Fish - Gegen den Strom (2007, as Ein langer Weg in German)
W.A.S.P.
The song was covered during the credit sequence of the comedy movie School of Rock, performed by Jack Black and the class of children he taught while masquerading as a teacher. However, the children ad-libbed their own lyrics towards the end of the song.
Billy Corgan covered the song live as an encore on almost every show during his 2005 tour supporting his debut solo effort TheFutureEmbrace.
A dramatic re-interpretation was released by Norwegian duo Susanna and the Magical Orchestra (aka Susanna Wallumrød and Morten Qvenild) in late summer 2006 on their second album Melody Mountain, which consists entirely of cover versions. Their style is slow and melancholic with only cembalo accompaniment to Wallumrød's pure vocal, and brings out the essential sadness of the song.
The band Hanson performed this song during some of the shows on the "Walk around the World" tour, often inviting the opening acts back on stage to sing together.
Melbourne Ukulele Kollective frequently play the song live, the most notable performances being during ABC-TV's Spicks and Specks in 2004;[14] and during the Australia Day flag-raising ceremony and people's march in 2009.
German Medieval Metal Band In Extremo played the song on their Tranquilo-Acoustic Tour in 2009 on German Bagpipes.
On the 34th anniversary of the filming of the music video, it was recreated as part of the SLAM (Save Live Australian Music) rally, to protest liquor licensing laws which threaten live music. About ten thousand protesters marched down Swanston Street and up Bourke Street to the Victorian Parliament House, accompanied by the RocKwiz band on a flatbed truck playing the song.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Wall, Mick (2012). AC/DC: Hell Aint a Bad Place to Be. London: Orion Publishing group. ISBN 9781409115359.
^ Jump up to: a b Evans, Mark, Dirty Deeds: My Life Inside/Outside of AC/DC, Bazillion Points, 2011, p. 40.
^ Jump up to: a b "The legend lives on in a laneway to heaven", The Age, 15 February 2005. Retrieved on 2007-02-15.
Jump up ^ "It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)". acdc.com. Retrieved 2013-05-05.
Jump up ^ Saulnier, Jason (30 September 2011). "Mark Evans Interview". Music Legends. Retrieved 6 May 2013.
Jump up ^ Video Footage and Liner Notes, Family Jewels 2-Disc DVD Set, 2005.
Jump up ^ Dino Scatena, "Clip Go the Years", Sydney Morning Herald, 26 Feb. 2005, retrieved 13 December 2008
Jump up ^ Johnston, Chris, "AC/DC still current 30 years on", The Age, 23 February 2006. Retrieved on 2007-02-15.
Jump up ^ Donovan, Patrick (13 February 2010). "For a piper, it's a long way to the top from the back of a flatbed truck". The Age. Retrieved 2010-03-17.
Jump up ^ "The final list: APRA'S Ten best Australian Songs". APRA. 2001-05-28. Archived from the original on 2008-03-08. Retrieved 2008-05-08.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2016-11-08. Retrieved 2016-11-08.
Jump up ^ Boulton, Martin, "Lane way to the top for AC/DC", The Age, 10 September 2004. Retrieved on 2007-02-15.
Jump up ^ "Melbourne Ukulele Kollective on Spicks and Specks". MUK. Retrieved 2009-01-31.
[hide]
v
t
e
AC/DC singles discography
High Voltage
"Can I Sit Next to You, Girl" (Australia)
"Baby, Please Don't Go" (Australia)
T.N.T.
"High Voltage" (Australia)
"It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" (Australia)
"T.N.T." (Australia)
High Voltage (International)
"It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll)" (international)
"High Voltage" (international)
Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap
"Jailbreak"
"Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap"
"Love at First Feel"
Let There Be Rock
"Dog Eat Dog"
"Let There Be Rock"
"Whole Lotta Rosie"
Powerage
"Rock 'n' Roll Damnation"
Highway to Hell
"Highway to Hell"
"Girls Got Rhythm"
"Touch Too Much"
Back in Black
"You Shook Me All Night Long"
"Hells Bells"
"Back in Black"
"Rock and Roll Ain't Noise Pollution"
For Those About to Rock We Salute You
"Let's Get It Up"
"For Those About to Rock (We Salute You)"
Flick of the Switch
"Guns for Hire"
"Nervous Shakedown"
"Flick of the Switch"
Fly on the Wall
"Danger"
"Sink the Pink"
"Shake Your Foundations"
Who Made Who
"Who Made Who"
Blow Up Your Video
"Heatseeker"
"That's the Way I Wanna Rock 'n' Roll"
The Razors Edge
"Thunderstruck"
"Moneytalks"
"Are You Ready"
Live
"Highway to Hell" (live)
"Dirty Deeds Done Dirt Cheap" (live)
Ballbreaker
"Hard as a Rock"
"Hail Caesar"
"Cover You in Oil"
Stiff Upper Lip
"Stiff Upper Lip"
"Safe in New York City"
"Satellite Blues"
Black Ice
"Rock 'N Roll Train"
"Big Jack"
"Anything Goes"
"Money Made"
Rock or Bust
"Play Ball"
"Rock or Bust"
Non-album single
"Big Gun"
Book:AC/DC
Category:AC/DC songs
Portal:AC/DC
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values: It's a Long Way to the Top (If You Wanna Rock 'n' Roll) – Danish

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