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Gwendolyn Brooks
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Gwendolyn Brooks
Born
Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brooks
(1917-06-07)June 7, 1917
Topeka, Kansas, U.S.
Died
December 3, 2000(2000-12-03) (aged 83)
Chicago, Illinois, U.S.
Occupation
Poet
Nationality
American
Period
1930–2000
Notable works
A Street in Bronzeville, Annie Allen, Winnie
Notable awards
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry (1950)
Robert Frost Medal (1989)
National Medal of Arts (1995)
Spouse
Henry Lowington Blakely, Jr. (m. 1939; d. 1996)
Children
2, including Nora Brooks Blakely
Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brooks (June 7, 1917 – December 3, 2000) was an American poet, author, and teacher. Her work often dealt with the personal celebrations and struggles of ordinary people in her community. She won the Pulitzer Prize for Poetry on May 1, 1950, for Annie Allen[1], making her the first African American to receive the Pulitzer.[2]
Throughout her prolific writing career, Brooks received many more honors. She was appointed Poet Laureate of Illinois in 1968, a position she held until her death,[3] and what is now the Poet Laureate Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress for the 1985–86 term.[4] In 1976, she became the first African-American woman inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters.[5]
Brooks was born in Topeka, Kansas and at six-weeks-old was taken to Chicago, where she lived the rest of her life. Her parents, especially her mother encouraged her poetry writing. She began submitting poems to various publications as a teenager. After graduating high school during the Great Depression she took a two year junior college program, worked as a typist, married, and had children. Continuing to write and submit her work, she finally found substantial outlets for her poetry. This recognition of her work also led her to lecturing and teaching aspiring writers. The winner of multiple awards for her writing, several schools and institutions have been named in her honor.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
2.1 Writing
2.2 Teaching
2.3 Archives
3 Family life
4 Honors and legacy
4.1 Honors
4.2 Legacy
5 Works
6 See also
7 References
8 Further reading
9 External links
Early life[edit]
Gwendolyn Elizabeth Brooks was born on June 7, 1917, in Topeka, Kansas.[2] She was the first child of David Anderson Brooks and Keziah (Wims) Brooks. Her father, a janitor for a music company, had hoped to pursue a career as a doctor but sacrificed that aspiration to get married and raise a family. Her mother was a school teacher as well as a concert pianist trained in classical music. Brooks' mother had taught at the Topeka school that later became involved in the famous Brown v. Board of Education racial desegregation case.[6] Family lore held that Brooks' paternal grandfather had escaped slavery to join the Union forces during the American Civil War.[7]
When Brooks was six weeks old, her family moved to Chicago during the Great Migration, and from then on, Chicago remained her home. She went to school at Forestville Elementary School on the South Side of Chicago. According to biographer Kenny Jackson Williams, Brooks then attended a prestigious integrated high school in the city with a predominantly white student body, Hyde Park High School, transferred to the all-black Wendell Phillips High School, and then moved to the integrated Englewood High School. After completing high school, she graduated in 1936 from a two-year program at Wilson Junior College, now known as Kennedy-King College. Due to the social dynamics of the various schools, in conjunction with time period in which she attended them, Brooks faced racial injustice that over time contributed to her understanding of the prejudice and bias in established systems and dominant institutions in her own surroundings as well as every relevant mindset of the country.[8]
Brooks began writing at an early age and her mother encouraged her, saying, ''You are going to be the lady Paul Laurence Dunbar."[9] After her early educational experiences, Brooks never pursued a four-year college degree because she knew she wanted to be a writer and considered it unnecessary. "I am not a scholar," she later said. "I'm just a writer who loves to write and will always write."[10] She worked as a typist to support herself while she pursued her career.[10]
She would closely identify with Chicago for the rest of her life. In a 1994 interview, she remarked on this:
Living in the city, I wrote differently than I would have if I had been raised in Topeka, KS...I am an organic Chicagoan. Living there has given me a multiplicity of characters to aspire for. I hope to live there the rest of my days. That's my headquarters.[10]
Career[edit]
'Song of Winnie', Library Walk, New York City
Writing[edit]
Brooks published her first poem, "Eventide", in a children's magazine, American Childhood, when she was 13 years old.[5] By the age of 16, she had already written and published approximately 75 poems. At 17, she started submitting her work to "Lights and Shadows," the poetry column of the Chicago Defender, an African-American newspaper. Her poems, many published while she attended Wilson Junior College, ranged in style from traditional ballads and sonnets to poems using blues rhythms in free verse. In her early years, she received commendations on her poetic work and encouragement from James Weldon Johnson, Richard Wright and Langston Hughes, well-known writers with whom she kept in communication and whose readings she attended in Chicago.[11]
Her characters were often drawn from the inner city life that Brooks knew well. She said, "I lived in a small second-floor apartment at the corner, and I could look first on one side and then the other. There was my material."[2]
By 1941, Brooks was taking part in poetry workshops. A particularly influential one was organized by Inez Cunningham Stark, an affluent white woman with a strong literary background. Stark offered writing workshops at the new South Side Community Art Center, which Brooks attended.[12] It was here she gained momentum in finding her voice and a deeper knowledge of the techniques of her predecessors. Renowned poet Langston Hughes stopped by the workshop and heard her read "The Ballad of Pearl May Lee."[12] In 1944, she achieved a goal she had been pursuing through continued unsolicited submissions since she was 14 years old: two of her poems were published in Poetry magazine's November issue. In the autobiographical information she provided to the magazine, she described her occupation as a "housewife".[13]
Brooks' published her first book of poetry, A Street in Bronzeville (1945), with Harper & Brothers, after a strong show of support to the publisher from author Richard Wright. He said to the editors who solicited his opinion on Brooks' work:
There is no self-pity here, not a striving for effects. She takes hold of reality as it is and renders it faithfully.... She easily catches the pathos of petty destinies; the whimper of the wounded; the tiny accidents that plague the lives of the desperately poor, and the problem of color prejudice among Negroes.[12]
The book earned instant critical acclaim for its authentic and textured portraits of life in Bronzeville. Brooks later said it was a glowing review by Paul Engle in the Chicago Tribune that "initiated My Reputation."[12] Engle stated that Brooks' poems were no more "Negro poetry" than Robert Frost's work was "white poetry". Brooks received her first Guggenheim Fellowship in 1946 and was included as one of the "Ten Young Women of the Year" in Mademoiselle magazine.[14]

Brooks' second book of poetry, Annie Allen (1949), focused on the life and experiences of a young Black girl growing into womanhood in the Bronzeville neighborhood of Chicago. The book was awarded the 1950 Pulitzer Prize for poetry, and was also awarded Poetry magazine's Eunice Tietjens Prize.[9]
In 1953, Brooks published her first and only narrative book, a novella titled Maud Martha, which in a series of 34 vignettes follows the life of a black woman named Maud Martha in detail, as she moves about life from childhood to adulthood. It tells the story of "a woman with doubts about herself and where and how she fits into the world. Maud's concern is not so much that she is inferior but that she is perceived as being ugly," states author Harry B. Shaw in his book, Gwendolyn Brooks.[15] Maud suffers prejudice and discrimination not only from white individuals but also from black individuals who have lighter skin tones than hers, something that is direct reference to Brooks' personal experience. Eventually, Maud stands up for herself by turning her back on a patronizing and racist store clerk. "The book is ... about the triumph of the lowly," Shaw comments.[15]
In 1967, the year of Langston Hughes' death, Brooks attended the Second Black Writers' Conference at Nashville's Fisk University. Here, according to one version of events, she met activists and artists such as Imamu Amiri Baraka, Don L. Lee and others who exposed her to new black cultural nationalism. Recent studies argue that she had been involved in leftist politics in Chicago for many years and, under the pressures of McCarthyism, adopted a black nationalist posture as a means of distancing herself from her prior political connections.[16] Brooks' experience at the conference inspired many of her subsequent literary activities. She taught creative writing to some of Chicago's Blackstone Rangers, otherwise a violent criminal gang. In 1968, she published one of her most famous works, In the Mecca, a long poem about a mother's search for her lost child in a Chicago apartment building. The poem was nominated for the National Book Award for poetry.[14]
Her autobiographical Report From Part One, including reminiscences, interviews, photographs and vignettes, came out in 1972, and Report From Part Two was published in 1995, when she was almost 80.[5]
Teaching[edit]
Brooks said her first teaching experience was at the University of Chicago when she was invited by author Frank London Brown to teach a course in American literature. It was the beginning of her lifelong commitment to sharing poetry and teaching writing.[10] Brooks taught extensively around the country and held posts at Columbia College Chicago, Northeastern Illinois University, Chicago State University, Elmhurst College, Columbia University, and City College of New York.[17]
Archives[edit]
The Rare Book & Manuscript Library (University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign) acquired Brooks' archives from her daughter Nora.[18] In addition, the Bancroft Library at UC Berkeley has a collection of her personal papers, especially from 1950 to 1989.[19][20]
Family life[edit]
In 1939, Brooks married Henry Lowington Blakely, Jr.[5] They had two children: Henry Lowington Blakely III, and Nora Brooks Blakely.[2] Brooks' husband died in 1996.[21]
From mid-1961 to late 1964, Henry III served in the U.S. Marine Corps, first at Marine Corps Recruit Depot San Diego and then at Marine Corps Air Station Kaneohe Bay. During this time, Brooks mentored his fiancée, Kathleen Hardiman, in writing poetry. Upon his return, Blakely and Hardiman married in 1965.[12] Brooks had so enjoyed the mentoring relationship that she began to engage more frequently in that role with the new generation of young black poets.[12]
Gwendolyn Brooks died at her Chicago home on December 3, 2000.[2]
Honors and legacy[edit]
Honors[edit]
1946, Guggenheim Fellow in Poetry[2]
1950, Pulitzer Prize in Poetry[2] Gwendolyn Brooks in 1950 became the first African-American to be given a Pulitzer Prize. It was awarded for the volume, Annie Allen, which chronicled in verse the life of an ordinary black girl growing up in the Bronzeville neighborhood on Chicago's South Side[22].
1968, appointed Poet Laureate of Illinois, a position she held until her death in 2000[2]
1969, Anisfield-Wolf Book Award[23]
1976, inducted into the American Academy of Arts and Letters[5]
1976, the Shelley Memorial Award of the Poetry Society of America[24]
1985, selected as the Consultant in Poetry to the Library of Congress, an honorary one-year term, known as the Poet Laureate of the United States[2]
1988, inducted into the National Women's Hall of Fame[25]
1989, awarded the Robert Frost Medal for lifetime achievement by the Poetry Society of America[26]
1994, chosen to present the National Endowment for the Humanities' Jefferson Lecture.[2]
1994, received the National Book Foundation's Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters[27]
1995, presented with the National Medal of Arts[28]
1997, awarded the Order of Lincoln, the highest honor granted by the State of Illinois.[29]
1999, awarded the Academy of American Poets Fellowship for distinguished poetic achievement[30]
Legacy[edit]
1970: Gwendolyn Brooks Cultural Center, Western Illinois University, Macomb, Illinois[31]
1990: Gwendolyn Brooks Center for Black Literature and Creative Writing, Chicago State University[32]
2001: Gwendolyn Brooks College Preparatory Academy, Chicago, Illinois[33]
2002: 100 Greatest African Americans[34]
2002: Gwendolyn Brooks Middle School, Oak Park, Illinois[35]
2003: Gwendolyn Brooks Illinois State Library, Springfield, Illinois[36][37]
2010: Inducted into the Chicago Literary Hall of Fame.[38]
2012: Honored on a United States' postage stamp.[39]
2017: Various centennial events in Chicago marked what would have been her 100th birthday.[40]
2017–18: "Our Miss Brooks @ 100" (OMB100) is a celebration of the life of Brooks (born June 7, 1917), which runs through June 17, 2018. The opening ceremony on February 2, 2017, at the Art Institute of Chicago featured readings and discussions of Brooks' influence by Pulitzer Prize-winning poets Rita Dove, Yusef Komunyakaa, Gregory Pardlo, Tracy K. Smith, and Natasha Trethewey.[41][42]
Works[edit]
The Poetry Foundation lists these works among others:
A Street in Bronzeville, Harper, 1945.
Annie Allen, Harper, 1949.
Maud Martha, Harper, 1953.
Bronzeville Boys and Girls, Harper, 1956.
The Bean Eaters, Harper, 1960.
In the Mecca, Harper, 1968.
For Illinois 1968: A Sesquicentennial Poem, Harper, 1968.
Riot, Broadside Press, 1969.
Family Pictures, Broadside Press, 1970.
Aloneness, Broadside Press, 1971.
Report from Part One: An Autobiography, Broadside Press, 1972.
Black Love, Brooks Press, 1982.
Mayor Harold Washington; and, Chicago, the I Will City, Brooks Press, 1983.
The Near-Johannesburg Boy, and Other Poems, David Co., 1987.
Winnie, Third World Press, 1988.
Report from Part Two, Third World Press, 1996.
In Montgomery, and Other Poems, Third World Press, 2003.
Several collections of multiple works by Brooks were also published.[15]
See also[edit]
Poetry portal
African American literature
Chicago Literature
List of African American firsts
List of Poets
List of Poets from the United States
Pulitzer Prize for Poetry
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Banks, Margot Harper (2012). Religious allusion in the poetry of Gwendolyn Brooks. McFarland & Co. p. 3. ISBN 9780786449392.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Watkins, Mel (December 4, 2000). "Gwendolyn Brooks, Whose Poetry Told of Being Black in America, Dies at 83". The New York Times. Retrieved September 13, 2012. Gwendolyn Brooks, who illuminated the black experience in America in poems that spanned most of the 20th century, winning the Pulitzer Prize in 1950, died yesterday at her home in Chicago. She was 83.
Jump up ^ "Illinois Poet Laureate". Retrieved March 6, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Poet Laureate Timeline: 1981–1990". Library of Congress. 2008. Retrieved December 19, 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Busby, Margaret, "Gwendolyn Brooks — Poet who called out to black people everywhere", The Guardian, December 7, 2000.
Jump up ^ Kniggendorf, Anne. "Renowned Poet Gwendolyn Brooks' Time In Kansas Was Short, But Worth A Birthday Party". kcur.org. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kent (1993). A Life of Gwendolyn Brooks. pp. 1–2.
Jump up ^ Williams, Kenny Jackson (2001). "Brooks, Gwendolyn". In Andrews, William L.; Foster, Frances Smith; Harris, Trudier. The Concise Oxford Companion to African American Literature. Oxford University Press. p. 47. ISBN 9780198031758. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Watkins, Mel (December 5, 2000). "Gwendolyn Brooks, 83, Passionate Poet, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved March 14, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Hawkins, B. Denise. "1994 Gwendolyn Brooks Interview". James Madison University Furious Flower Poetry Center. Retrieved March 6, 2015.
Jump up ^ Grigsby Bates, Karen (May 29, 2017). "Remembering The Great Poet Gwendolyn Brooks At 100". NPR. Retrieved June 1, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Kent, George E. (1993). A Life of Gwendolyn Brooks. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky. pp. 54–55, 184. ISBN 0-8131-0827-6. Retrieved March 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Share, Don. "Introduction: June 2017, Gwendolyn Brooks speaks to us more vividly than ever" (June 2017 ed.). Poetry.
^ Jump up to: a b Miller, Jason (2009). "Brooks, Gwendolyn". In Finkleman, Paul. Encyclopedia of African American History: 1896 to the Present. 1. New York: Oxford University Press. p. 288.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Gwendolyn Brooks". Poetry Foundation.
Jump up ^ See Mary Helen Washington, The Other Blacklist, Columbia University Press, 2014, chapter 4, "When Gwendolyn Brooks Wore Red".
Jump up ^ Although her biographer Kenny Jackson Williams lists this as Clay College of New York, there is otherwise no evidence that such a college ever existed. Other biographies show that Brooks did teach at City College of New York, and it is likely that "Clay College" is simply a typo for "City College".
Jump up ^ Williams, John (October 17, 2013). "University of Illinois Acquires Gwendolyn Brooks Archives". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ "Finding Aid to the Gwendolyn Brooks Papers, 1917–2000, bulk 1950–1989". Online Archive of California. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ Maclay, Kathleen (January 11, 2001). "Personal papers of Pulitzer-winning poet Gwendolyn Brooks join archives at UC Berkeley's Bancroft Library". Campus News. UC Berkeley. Retrieved August 23, 2014.
Jump up ^ Heise, Kenan (July 6, 1996). "Henry Blakely, 79, `Poet Of 63d Street'". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2018-02-12.
Jump up ^ "Remembering The Great Poet Gwendolyn Brooks At 100". NPR.org. Retrieved 2018-05-23.
Jump up ^ "Gwendolyn Brooks", Winners, Anisfield-Wolf Awards.
Jump up ^ "Shelley Winners". Poetry Society of America. Retrieved January 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Gwendolyn Brooks". National Women's Hall of Fame.
Jump up ^ "Frost Medalists". Poetry Society of America. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "National Book Foundation's Medal for Distinguished Contribution to American Letters, Presenter of National Book Awards". www.nationalbook.org. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "National Medal of Arts – Gwendolyn Brooks". National Endowment for the Arts. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "1997 Laureate Interviews: Lincoln Academy Interview Gwendolyn Brooks". The Lincoln Academy of Illinois. 1997.
Jump up ^ "Academy of American Poets Fellowship". Academy of American Poets. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "About the Gwendolyn Brooks Cultural Center". Western Illinois University. Retrieved March 29, 2010.
Jump up ^ Gwendolyn Brooks Center, Chicago State University.
Jump up ^ "Gwendolyn Brooks' Biography". Gwendolyn Brooks College Preparatory Academy. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Asante, Molefi Kete (2002). 100 Greatest African Americans: A Biographical Encyclopedia. Amherst, New York: Prometheus Books. ISBN 1-57392-963-8.
Jump up ^ "History of Gwendolyn Brooks Middle School". Gwendolyn Brooks Middle School. Retrieved June 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Illinois State Library". www.cyberdriveillinois.com. Retrieved June 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ Staff (June 5, 2017). "Readings to mark Gwendolyn Brooks' 100th birthday". The State Journal-Register. Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Gwendolyn Brooks". chicagoliteraryhof.org. Retrieved 6 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Schmich, Mary (May 2, 2012). "Poet left her stamp on Chicago". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved May 3, 2012.
Jump up ^ Sophia Tareen and Errin Haines Whack, "Books, events mark late poet Gwendolyn Brooks 100th birthday", The State, June 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Schoenberg, Nara (February 4, 2016). "Poets exalt a potent South Side voice as city celebrates Gwendolyn Brooks' birth". Chicago Tribune. p. 11, Section 1.
Jump up ^ "Gwendolyn Brooks – OMB100". gwendolynbrooks100.org. Retrieved June 6, 2017.
Further reading[edit]
Jackson, Angela (2017). A Surprised Queenhood in the New Black Sun: The Life & Legacy of Gwendolyn Brooks. Beacon Press. ISBN 0807025046.
Share, Don (ed.). "Poetry" (June 2017 ed.). Poetry Foundation. Gwendolyn Brooks, special issue
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Gwendolyn Brooks
Gwendolyn Brooks Online Resources at the Library of Congress
Gwendolyn Brooks Illinois Poet Laureate, State of Illinois
Henry Lyman, "Interview: Gwendolyn Brooks Captures Chicago 'Cool'", NPR
Poems by Gwendolyn Brooks at PoetryFoundation.org
Audio and Poems by Gwendolyn Brooks, Poets.org
Some poems by Brooks, Circle Brotherhood Association, SUNY Buffalo
Gwendolyn Brooks, Modern American Poetry
Online guide to the Gwendolyn Brooks Papers, The Bancroft Library
"The Book Writers" Poem, patterned after Brooks's "The Bean Eaters" and dedicated to Brooks and Haki R. Madhubuti
Lifetime Honors – National Medal of Arts
Gwendolyn Brooks at Find a Grave
Works by Gwendolyn Brooks at Open Library
Gwendolyn Brooks at Goodreads
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Poets Laureate / Consultants in Poetry to the Library of Congress
Joseph Auslander (1937)
Allen Tate (1943)
Robert Penn Warren (1944)
Louise Bogan (1945)
Karl Shapiro (1946)
Robert Lowell (1947)
Léonie Adams (1948)
Elizabeth Bishop (1949)
Conrad Aiken (1950)
William Carlos Williams (1952)
Randall Jarrell (1956)
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Richard Eberhart (1959)
Louis Untermeyer (1961)
Howard Nemerov (1963)
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William Jay Smith (1968)
William Stafford (1970)
Josephine Jacobsen (1971)
Daniel Hoffman (1973)
Stanley Kunitz (1974)
Robert Hayden (1976)
William Meredith (1978)
Maxine Kumin (1981)
Anthony Hecht (1982)
Reed Whittemore (1984)
Robert Fitzgerald (1984)
Gwendolyn Brooks (1985)
Robert Penn Warren (1986)
Richard Wilbur (1987)
Howard Nemerov (1988)
Mark Strand (1990)
Joseph Brodsky (1991)
Mona Van Duyn (1992)
Rita Dove (1993)
Robert Hass (1995)
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Ted Kooser (2004)
Donald Hall (2006)
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Charles Wright (2014–2015)
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Robert Frost (1937)
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Mark Van Doren (1940)
Leonard Bacon (1941)
William Rose Benét (1942)
Robert Frost (1943)
Stephen Vincent Benét (1944)
Karl Shapiro (1945)
Robert Lowell (1947)
W. H. Auden (1948)
Peter Viereck (1949)
Gwendolyn Brooks (1950)
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1986
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History of the Detroit Red Wings
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The Detroit Olympia was Detroit's home arena for 52 years
The Detroit Red Wings professional ice hockey club was founded as the Detroit Cougars on September 25, 1926, one of three teams to join the National Hockey League (NHL) in 1926. With the demise of the Western Canada Hockey League (WCHL), the rights to the players of the Victoria Cougars were purchased by a Detroit group led by Charles A. Hughes who kept the name "Cougars" for their NHL club. The new team struggled financially; in 1930, the Cougars changed their name to the Detroit Falcons, and after being bought out of receivership by James E. Norris were renamed as the Detroit Red Wings in 1932. The team played their first game on November 18, 1926, and won their first two Stanley Cup titles in 1936 and 1937. The Red Wings have won the Cup eleven times, more than any other American team in NHL history.
The franchise played their first season's home games in Windsor, Ontario at the Border Cities Arena. The Detroit Olympia opened in 1927 and served as the team's home arena until the midpoint of the 1979–80 season when the Wings moved into Joe Louis Arena. "The Joe", as it is known, had been their home arena until the end of the 2016-17 season. Starting in the 2017-18 season the Wings moved into Little Caesars Arena. The team, led by head coach and general manager Jack Adams, found success throughout the 1930s, 40s, and 50s, making fourteen appearances in the finals and winning the Stanley Cup seven times. Led on the ice by the Production Line of Gordie Howe, Ted Lindsay, and Sid Abel (later replaced by Alex Delvecchio)), along with goaltenders Harry Lumley and then Terry Sawchuk, the Wings appeared in the finals six times from 1948 through 1955, winning the Cup in 1950, 1952, 1954, and 1955.
After Adams was fired in 1963 the team reached the finals three more times prior to the 1967 NHL expansion, however they qualified for the playoffs only twice in the next sixteen years until being purchased by Mike Ilitch in 1982. Ilitch revitalized the club, hiring Jim Devellano to manage the team; one of Devellano's first actions was to draft Steve Yzerman in the 1983 NHL Entry Draft. Yzerman went on stay with the team for his entire 22 year NHL career, 19 as team captain, winning the Stanley Cup three times as a player and once as an executive. With Ilitch as owner the Wings won the Cup in 1997, 1998, 2002, and 2008.
Fifty-eight Red Wings players and fourteen builders have been inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame. The Lester Patrick Trophy has been presented to twenty-four former or current Wings and the club has retired the numbers of seven players.
Contents
[hide]
1 Founding
2 Early seasons
2.1 1926–1932: Cougars and Falcons
2.2 1932–1942: The new Detroit Red Wings
3 Original Six era
3.1 1940s
3.2 1950–1966: The Gordie Howe Era
4 1967 Expansion to 1993
4.1 1967–1982: The "Dead Wings" Era
4.2 1983–1993: The Yzerman Era Begins
5 1994–present
5.1 1994–2004: The Russian Five and return to glory
5.2 2005–2012: Nick Lidstrom and the 'Swedish Connection' era
5.3 2013–17: The Henrik Zetterberg and Pavel Datsyuk era
5.4 2017–present
6 See also
7 Footnotes
8 Notes
9 References
Founding[edit]
Logo for the 1926–27 season
At the April 18, 1926, NHL meetings to discuss expansion of the NHL, five applications were received from Detroit along with three from Chicago, one from Cleveland, one from New Jersey, one from Hamilton and one from New York. The New York application to become the New York Rangers was approved. The NHL decided to investigate all applicants before deciding at their next meeting.[1] At the time, it was known that the Western Canada Hockey League was folding.[2] Other than the Rangers, there was opposition to adding any other teams to the NHL. The NHL constitution required unanimous approval on adding new teams and the New York Americans were opposed to the plan to add one team in Detroit and one in Chicago, as the Americans favoured two teams in Chicago. This was overcome at the May 2, 1926 NHL meeting by amending the NHL constitution, which required only a 2/3 approval, to allow a simple majority vote for the approval of new teams and it became expected that Chicago and Detroit would receive franchises.[3] At the meeting, what were now two competing syndicates vying for the Detroit franchise, one from Townsend and McCreath, and one from Bierer, were ordered to amalgamate by the NHL.[4]
The next day, May 3, it was announced by Detroit promoters Morris Caplan and Morris Friedberg that they had purchased the 1925 Stanley Cup champion Victoria Cougars in expectation of a NHL franchise being awarded to them at NHL meetings later that month.[5] Similarly, the Portland Rosebuds were also purchased that day by Chicago interests. On May 15, 1926, Detroit was tentatively awarded a NHL expansion team to a group of investors led by Townsend, Seyburn and McCreath, not Caplan and Friedberg, on condition of the arena being ready for the upcoming season.[6] At the time, the arena was expected to be ready for December 1. The Victoria Club was sold by Lester and Frank Patrick to the Townsend group for $100,000, of which $25,000 went to Caplan and Friedberg.[7] Although the arena was not ready, the franchise was permanently approved by the NHL on September 25, 1926.[8] The franchise was established as the Detroit Cougars, retaining the Victoria name. However, the NHL does not consider the Red Wings to be a continuation of the Victoria team. The Rangers had been issued a franchise on May 15, while the Chicago Black Hawks joined the league the same day as the Cougars; the additions of these clubs increased the number of teams in the league to ten.[a]
Early seasons[edit]
1926–1932: Cougars and Falcons[edit]
Without a Detroit arena, the new Cougars played their first season in Windsor, Ontario at the Border Cities Arena.[9] Frank Patrick of Victoria did not come east to manage Detroit. The Cougars signed former Calgary Tigers player Art Duncan to play and coach the team, but the NHL, in its distribution of WHL players ordered Detroit to send players Art Gagne and Fraser to the Chicago Black Hawks for Duncan.[10] The Cougars played their first game on November 18, 1926, losing 2–0 to the Boston Bruins, and finished their first season with a record of 12 wins, 28 losses and 4 ties for 28 points, the worst record in the league;[11] the 12 wins and 4 ties remain club records for fewest wins and fewest ties in a season.
The next year, the 1927–28 season, the team moved into the Detroit Olympia, playing their first game on November 22, 1927. This building would be the home arena for the team until 1979. Also in that year, Duncan was traded to the Toronto Maple Leafs. He was replaced as coach and general manager by Jack Adams, recently retired from the Ottawa Senators. Adams would be the face of the franchise for the next 36 years as coach or general manager. The Cougars finished with a record of 19-19-6, moving up to fourth place in the American division.
The Cougars made the Stanley Cup playoffs for the first time in 1929 with Carson Cooper leading the team in scoring. The Cougars were outscored 7–2 in the two-game series with Toronto.
The first logo of the Detroit Red Wings, used for the 1932–33 season
In 1930 the team changed its name to the Detroit Falcons as a result of a promotion with a newspaper.[12] They would reach the NHL playoffs for the first time in 1929, losing the series to the Toronto Maple Leafs. However, the team continued to have financial difficulties, and was forced into receivership in 1931.
1932–1942: The new Detroit Red Wings[edit]
Chicago grain merchant James E. Norris bought the team in 1932. His first act was to change the team's name to the Red Wings. Norris believed the new name would help the team curry favor with Detroit's auto industry, and also wanted to pay homage to a hockey team for whom he had played earlier in the century, the Montreal Hockey Club—nicknamed the Winged Wheelers. He also designed the first logo for the Red Wings, which is more or less the same logo that is used today.
Under the new name Red Wings, the team began to improve. Carl Voss was named the inaugural recipient of the Calder Trophy as rookie-of-the-year in 1932–33. The team as a whole also began to enjoy success. They reached the 1934 Stanley Cup Finals, losing to the Chicago Black Hawks.
In 1935–36 the Red Wings won the Stanley Cup for the first time, defeating the Toronto Maple Leafs. En route to the final, they played in the longest overtime game in NHL history, winning the first game of a semi-final match against the Montreal Maroons in the sixth overtime frame.[13] The match lasted 176 minutes and 30 seconds of game time, ending when rookie Mud Bruneteau scored, giving Detroit a 1-0 win. [14] The following season, they defeated the New York Rangers for their second consecutive Stanley Cup title.
In 1938, the Wings and the Montreal Canadiens became the first NHL teams to play in Europe, visiting Paris and London. The Wings played nine games against the Canadiens and went 3-5-1. The Wings did not play in Europe again until the preseason and start of the 2009-10 NHL season in Sweden against the St. Louis Blues.[15]
Original Six era[edit]
1940s[edit]
Sid Abel joined the club in 1938
They made the Stanley Cup Finals in three consecutive years during the early 1940s. In 1941 they were swept by the Boston Bruins, in 1942 they lost a seven-game series against Toronto in the finals after winning the first three games, but in 1943, with Syd Howe and Mud Bruneteau scoring 20 goals apiece, Detroit won their third Cup by sweeping the Bruins. They remained a solid team through the rest of the decade, making the playoffs every year, and reaching the finals three more times.
In 1946, one of the greatest players in hockey history came into the NHL with the Red Wings. Gordie Howe, a right-winger from Floral, Saskatchewan, only scored seven goals and 15 assists in his first season and would not reach his prime for a few more years. It was also the last season as head coach for Adams, who stepped down after the season to concentrate on his duties as general manager. He was succeeded by minor league coach Tommy Ivan.
By his second season, Howe was paired with Sid Abel and Ted Lindsay to form what would become one of the great lines in NHL history—the "Production Line". Lindsay's 33 goals propelled the Wings to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they were swept by the Maple Leafs. Detroit reached the Finals again the following season, only to be swept again by Toronto.
1950–1966: The Gordie Howe Era[edit]
Gordie Howe
The Wings returned to the top in 1950, with Pete Babando scoring the game winner in double overtime of Game 7 to beat the Rangers in the Finals. After the game, Lindsay skated around the Olympia ice with the Cup, beginning a tradition that continues today.
After being upset by Montreal in the 1951 semifinals, Detroit won its fifth Cup in 1952, sweeping both the Leafs and the Canadiens, with the Production Line of Howe, Abel and Lindsay joined by second-year goalie Terry Sawchuk. Detroit would become the first team in 17 years to go undefeated in the playoffs. They also scored an amazing 24 playoff goals, compared to Toronto and Montreal's combined total of 5. Abel left the Wings for Chicago following the season, and Alex Delvecchio took his spot on the roster.
James E. Norris died in December 1952. He was succeeded as team president by his daughter, Marguerite – the first (and as of the 2006–07 season, only) woman to head an NHL franchise.[16] She made no secret of her dislike for Adams. While she could have summarily fired him, since he was still without a contract, she chose not to do so.
Following another playoff upset in 1953 at the hands of the Bruins, the Red Wings won back to back Stanley Cups in 1954 (over Montreal, when Habs defenseman Doug Harvey redirected a Tony Leswick shot into his own net) and 1955 (also over Montreal in the full seven games). The 1954–55 season ended a run of eight straight regular season titles, an NHL record.[17]
Also during the 1955 off-season, Marguerite Norris lost an intrafamily power struggle, and was forced to turn the Wings over to younger brother Bruce, who had inherited his father's grain business. Detroit and Montreal met once again in the 1956 finals, but this time the Canadiens won the Cup, their first of five in a row.
In 1957 Ted Lindsay, who scored 30 goals and led the league in assists with 55, teamed up with Harvey to help start the National Hockey League Players' Association (NHLPA). As a result, he, along with outspoken young netminder Glenn Hall, was promptly traded to Chicago (which was owned by James D. Norris, Bruce's elder brother) after his most productive year. The Wings had lost in the first round of the playoffs to the Bruins.
The Lindsay deal was one of several questionable trades made by Adams in the late 1950s. For example, in 1955, he had traded Sawchuk to Boston; while he managed to get Sawchuk back two years later, he had to trade up-and-coming Johnny Bucyk to do it. It was one of the most one-sided trades in hockey history – while Sawchuk's best days had passed, Bucyk went on to play 21 more years with the Bruins and score over 500 goals en route to the Hall of Fame. In 1958 the Red Wings were swept in the first round by Montreal; in 1959 they missed the playoffs for the first time in 21 years.
Within a couple of years, however, Detroit was rejuvenated and made the Finals for four of the next six years between 1961 and 1966. Still, despite having Howe, Delvecchio, Norm Ullman, and Parker MacDonald as consistent goal-scorers, Lindsay's sudden one-year comeback in 1964–65, and Sawchuk and later Roger Crozier between the pipes, the Wings came away empty-handed. Adams was fired as general manager in 1963. He had coached for 15 years and served as general manager for 31 years on a handshake, and his 36–year tenure is still the longest for any general manager in NHL history.
1967 Expansion to 1993[edit]
1967–1982: The "Dead Wings" Era[edit]
Only a year after making the Finals, the Red Wings finished a distant fifth, 24 points out of the playoffs. It was the beginning of a slump from which they would not emerge for almost 20 years. Between 1967 and 1983, Detroit only made the playoffs twice, winning one series. From 1968 to 1982, the Wings had 14 head coaches (not counting interim coaches), with none lasting more than three seasons. In contrast, their first six full-time coaches – Art Duncan, Adams, Ivan, Jimmy Skinner, and Abel – had covered a 42–year period. During this dark era in franchise history, the team was derisively known as the "Dead Wings"[18] or "Dead Things".
One factor was the end of the old "development" system, which allowed Adams to get young prospects to commit to playing for Detroit as early as their 16th birthday. Another factor was Ned Harkness, who was hired as coach in 1970 and was promoted to general manager midway through the season. A successful college hockey coach, Harkness tried to force his two-way style of play on a veteran Red Wings team resistant to change. The Wings chafed under his discipline, in which he demanded short hair and no smoking, along with new rules regarding drinking and phone calls.[19] Harkness was forced to resign in 1973.
In the "expansion season" of 1967–68, the Red Wings also acquired longtime star left-winger Frank Mahovlich from the defending Cup champs in Toronto. Mahovlich would go on a line with Howe and Delvecchio, and in 1968–69, he scored a career-high 49 goals and had two All-Star seasons in Detroit.
However, this could not last. Mahovlich was traded to Montreal in 1970, and Howe retired after the 1970–71 season. Howe returned to pro hockey shortly after to play with his two sons Mark and Marty Howe (Mark would later join the Red Wings at the end of his career) in the upstart World Hockey Association (WHA) in 1972. Through the decade, with Mickey Redmond having two 50–goal seasons and Marcel Dionne starting to reach his prime (which he did not attain until he was traded to the Los Angeles Kings), a lack of defensive and goaltending ability continually hampered the Wings.
Interior of the Joe Louis Arena, where the Red Wings have played at home since 1979, when they left the Detroit Olympia.
Around the same time, the area around the Olympia went to seed. After two murders took place near the arena, Norris seriously considered moving to an arena in suburban Pontiac. However, the city offered the Red Wings a deal Norris couldn't refuse—operational control of a new city-owned arena on the banks of the Detroit River, Joe Louis Arena. The Red Wings moved to the new arena during the 1979–80 season.
In 1982, after 50 years of family ownership, Bruce Norris sold the Red Wings to Mike Ilitch, founder of Little Caesars Pizza.[20]
1983–1993: The Yzerman Era Begins[edit]
In 1983 the Wings drafted Steve Yzerman, a center from Cranbrook, British Columbia. He led the team in scoring in his rookie year, and started the Wings' climb back to the top. That season, with John Ogrodnick scoring 42 times and Ivan Boldirev and Ron Duguay also with 30–goal seasons, Detroit made the playoffs for the first time in six years. Defenseman Brad Park, acquired from the Boston Bruins in the 1983 free-agent market, also helped the Wings reach the postseason and ended up winning the Bill Masterton Memorial Trophy the same season.
Later, Park was asked to coach the Wings, but was sacked after 45 games in 1985–86. He admitted, “I took over a last-place team, and I kept them there.” They did indeed end up in the basement, achieving a 17–57–6 record for only 40 points. This was the same year that the Wings added enforcer Bob Probert, one of the most familiar faces of the Wings in the 1980s and 1990s.
By 1987, with Yzerman joined by Petr Klima, Adam Oates, Gerard Gallant, defenceman Darren Veitch and new head coach Jacques Demers, the Wings won a playoff series for only the second time in the modern era. They made it all the way to the conference finals against the powerful and eventual Stanley Cup champion Edmonton Oilers, but lost in five games. In 1988 they won their first division title in 23 years (since 1964–65, when they finished first in a one-division league). They did so, however, in a relatively weak division; no other team in the Norris finished above .500. As was the case in the previous season, they made it to the conference finals only to lose again to the eventual cup champion Oilers in five games.
In 1989, Yzerman scored a career-best 65 goals,[21] but Detroit was upset in the first round by the Chicago Blackhawks. The following season Yzerman scored 62 goals, but the team missed the playoffs. Rumors spread that maybe "Stevie Wonder" should be traded.
But it was Demers, not Yzerman, who received the pink slip. New coach Bryan Murray was unable to get them back over .500, but they returned to the playoffs. Yzerman was joined by Sergei Fedorov, who would be an award-winner and frequent all-star for the team in the 1990s. In 1992, the team acquired Ray Sheppard, who had a career-best 52 goals two years later; and in '93, top defenseman Paul Coffey. Also joining the Red Wings around this time were draft picks like Slava Kozlov, Darren McCarty, Vladimir Konstantinov and Nicklas Lidstrom.
1994–present[edit]
1994–2004: The Russian Five and return to glory[edit]
The Yzerman trade rumors ended very soon after Scotty Bowman got behind the Motown bench in 1993. In his second season, the lockout-shortened 1994–95 season, he guided Detroit to its first Finals appearance in 29 years, only to be swept by the New Jersey Devils.
The Wings kept adding more star power, picking up Slava Fetisov, Igor Larionov and goaltender Mike Vernon in trades and winning an NHL record 62 games in 1996. After defeating the St. Louis Blues (with a Game 7, double-overtime goal by Yzerman), the Wings would fall in the Western Conference Finals to the eventual champion Colorado Avalanche (formerly Quebec Nordiques).
Throughout the 1997–98 season the Red Wings wore a patch with the initials of former defenseman Vladimir Konstantinov and team masseur Sergei Mnatsakanov featured prominently, with the word "Believe" written in both English and Russian. Both were severely injured in an automobile accident after celebrating their Stanley Cup win the previous year.
The following year, Detroit, joined by Brendan Shanahan and Larry Murphy during the season, once again reached the Finals in 1997. After defeating the St. Louis Blues in six games, the Mighty Ducks of Anaheim and the Colorado Avalanche in the first three rounds, the Wings went on to beat the Philadelphia Flyers in four straight games in the Stanley Cup Finals. It was the Wings' first Stanley Cup since 1955, breaking the longest drought (42 years long) in the league at that time. Mike Vernon accepted the Conn Smythe Trophy as the Most Valuable Player in the 1997 playoffs.
Tragedy struck the Wings six days after their championship; defenseman Vladimir Konstantinov, one of the "Russian Five," suffered a brain injury[22] in a limousine accident, and his career came to an abrupt end. Wings trainer Sergei Mnatsakanov suffered similar injuries. Red Wings defenseman Slava Fetisov was also injured in the accident, but was released from the hospital the next day. The Red Wings dedicated the 1997–98 season, which also ended in a Stanley Cup victory (another sweep, this time over the Washington Capitals), to Konstantinov, who came out onto the ice in his wheelchair on victory night to touch the Cup. Yzerman, who had won the Conn Smythe Trophy as post-season Most Valuable Player that year, immediately gave the Cup to Konstantinov after he hoisted it. He later reported that he had intended to pass it to goalie Chris Osgood for his stellar surprise performance. "Not very often does a moment in hockey transcend sports," remarked Brendan Shanahan later.
The following season, the Wings looked poised to "three-peat" for the first time in franchise history, acquiring three-time top blueliner Chris Chelios from his hometown Chicago Blackhawks in March 1999, but it was not to be as they would end up losing the Western Conference Semifinals to Colorado in six games.
The Wings had built up a fierce rivalry with the Avalanche in this time. With the Red Wings beating the Avs in the third round in 1997, and Colorado beating Detroit in the second round in both 1999 and 2000, the battles between these two teams had become one of the fiercest in sports. During a game on March 26, 1997, a brawl ensued between Colorado goalie Patrick Roy and his Detroit counterpart Mike Vernon. In a separate fight, Darren McCarty paid back Avalanche player Claude Lemieux for his hit from behind on Kris Draper the year before. Fittingly, it was Darren McCarty who scored the overtime goal to give the Red Wings the 6–5 victory in the game that became known as "Fight Night at the Joe."
In 2001, Detroit, the league's second-best team in the regular season, were upset in the playoffs by the Los Angeles Kings. During the summer that followed, they acquired legendary goalie Dominik Hasek (the defending Vezina Trophy winner) in a trade with the Buffalo Sabres. They also landed left-wing Luc Robitaille and right-wing Brett Hull through free agency. Rookie center Pavel Datsyuk joined the Wings from the Russian Superleague the same year. The Wings became the hands-down favorite to win the Cup in 2002. They did not disappoint, posting the league's best record in the regular season and defeating Colorado in seven games in the Western Conference Finals after beating the Vancouver Canucks and St. Louis Blues in rounds one and two. The Red Wings went on to capture another Cup in five games over the Cinderella-story Carolina Hurricanes, with Nicklas Lidstrom winning the Conn Smythe Trophy as the playoff's Most Valuable Player. Bowman and Hasek both elected to retire after the season. Yzerman, Hull, and Robitaille were inducted into the Hockey Hall of Fame in 2009.[23]
The 2003 season saw the Red Wings promote associate coach Dave Lewis to the head coach position after Bowman's retirement. Needing a new starting goaltender after Hasek's retirement, the Red wings signed Curtis Joseph from the Toronto Maple Leafs to a three-year, $24 million deal. Also new to the lineup was highly touted Swedish prospect Henrik Zetterberg. The Red Wings finished the season second in the Western Conference and third overall in the NHL. The Red Wings were favored in their first round matchup against the 7th seeded Mighty Ducks of Anaheim. But the Ducks shocked the hockey world by sweeping the Red Wings in four games, thanks in large part to the strong performance of Ducks goaltender J. S. Giguere. The Ducks later advanced to the Stanley Cup Finals, where they lost in Game 7 to the New Jersey Devils.
Longtime Wing Sergei Fedorov signed with the Mighty Ducks as a free agent during the offseason, after a long contract dispute. More importantly, Dominik Hasek decided to come out of retirement, and joined the Wings for the 2003–04 season. The Wings also added defenseman Derian Hatcher from the Dallas Stars via free agency, as well as forward Ray Whitney from the Columbus Blue Jackets. Joseph, despite being one of the highest-paid players in the NHL, had to spend part of the season with the Grand Rapids Griffins, Detroit's American Hockey League affiliate. The Wings attempted to trade him; but, perhaps because of his large contract, there were no suitors. Ultimately, Hasek called it quits after just 14 games because of a groin injury, and Joseph became the Wings' No. 1 goalie again, and helped lead the team to the top of the Central Division and the National Hockey League standings. Hatcher was also injured just a few games into the regular season with a torn MCL. Hatcher would not return until the end of the regular season. The Wings acquired veteran center Robert Lang from the Capitals at the trade deadline.
The Red Wings eliminated the Nashville Predators in six games in the first round of the playoffs, which led to a second round matchup with the Calgary Flames. In Game 5, with the series tied at two games apiece, a deflected puck struck Steve Yzerman in the left eye, sidelining him for the remainder of the playoffs. The Red Wings lost that game 1–0, and were eliminated the next game in Calgary by the same score in overtime.
During the 2004 offseason, the Wings focused on keeping players they already had instead of being active on the free agent market. They re-signed Frank J. Selke Trophy-winning forward Kris Draper, who had just had a career season, to a four-year deal, and captain Yzerman to a one-year deal. They also re-signed Brendan Shanahan, Jiri Fischer, Jason Williams, and Mathieu Dandenault as well head coach Dave Lewis. Deals were not reached with veteran defensemen Chris Chelios and Mathieu Schneider or star forward Pavel Datsyuk before the NHL owners triggered their lockout on September 15. There also was a parting of ways with veteran forward Brett Hull, who signed with the Phoenix Coyotes as did forward Boyd Devereaux.
2005–2012: Nick Lidstrom and the 'Swedish Connection' era[edit]
On July 15, 2005, Mike Babcock, former head coach in Anaheim, became the new head coach for the Wings. During a November 21, 2005, game against Nashville, defenseman Jiri Fischer suffered a heart arrhythmia and collapsed on the bench. The game was canceled because of his injury, and was made up on January 23, 2006. This was the first time in NHL history a game had been postponed by injury. The game was played for the full 60 minutes; however, the Predators were allowed to maintain their 1–0 lead from the original game and won, 3–2. The Red Wings won the Presidents' Trophy with a 58–16–8 record, earning them 124 points, and secured home ice advantage for the entire playoffs. They opened the 2006 playoffs against the Edmonton Oilers with a 3–2 overtime victory at Joe Louis Arena, but the Oilers won four of the next five games to take the series.
Continuing the shakeup of the Red Wings roster, the off-season saw the departure of Brendan Shanahan and the return of Dominik Hasek, while Steve Yzerman announced his retirement after a 23-season Hall of Fame-caliber career with the Wings, at the time having played the second most games in history all with a single team (behind fellow Red Wing Alex Delvecchio and later also surpassed by Nicklas Lidstrom). Yzerman retired with the additional distinction of having been the longest-serving team captain in NHL history.
Nicklas Lidstrom, the former captain of the Wings
The Red Wings opened the 2006–07 season with Nicklas Lidstrom as the new captain. The team retired Steve Yzerman's jersey number 19 on January 2. The Wings finished first in the Western Conference and tied for first in the NHL with the Buffalo Sabres, but the Sabres were awarded the Presidents' Trophy by virtue of having the greater number of wins. Detroit advanced to the third round of the 2007 playoffs after defeating Calgary and the San Jose Sharks both in six games, coming back three-straight after the Sharks' 2–1 series lead. The Red Wings, however, then lost to the eventual Stanley Cup winning team, the Anaheim Ducks, in the Western Conference Finals, four games to two.
To start the 2007–08 campaign, Henrik Zetterberg recorded at least a point in each of Detroit's first 16 games, setting a club record. The Wings cruised to the playoffs, where they faced the Nashville Predators. After goalie Dominik Hasek played poorly in Games 3 and 4 of the series, both losses, Head Coach Mike Babcock replaced him with Chris Osgood. Osgood had departed the Wings earlier in the decade, only to be re-acquired as a backup in 2005. Osgood never left the net for the remainder of the playoffs, as the Red Wings came back in that series on their way to winning their 11th Stanley Cup. The final victory came in Game 6 on June 4, 2008, against the Pittsburgh Penguins, by a score of 3–2. This was the Wings' fourth Stanley Cup in 11 years. Zetterberg scored the winning goal in the decisive game, and was also named the winner of the Conn Smythe Trophy as the Most Valuable Player of the playoffs. It was the first time a team captained by a non-North American player (Nicklas Lidstrom) won the Stanley Cup.
On July 2, 2008, the Detroit Red Wings announced the signing of Marian Hossa. From the beginning of the 2008–09 season to New Year's Day, the Wings enjoyed success. Although they finished second in the conference to the San Jose Sharks, the Wings became the first team in NHL history to top 100 points in nine straight seasons. On January 1, 2009, the Red Wings played the Chicago Blackhawks in the third NHL Winter Classic at Chicago's Wrigley Field, beating them 6–4. The Wings entered the 2009 playoffs as the second overall seed in the Western Conference. The Red Wings handily swept the Columbus Blue Jackets, then beat the eighth-seeded Anaheim Ducks in a hard fought seven-game series. They took on the vastly improved Chicago Blackhawks in the Conference Finals, winning in five games. The Red Wings would face the Pittsburgh Penguins in the Finals for a second consecutive year, but this series would feature a different outcome. Pittsburgh defeated the Red Wings in seven games, Detroit becoming only the second NHL team to lose the Cup at home in Game 7.
The Red Wings began the 2009–10 NHL season in Stockholm, Sweden, falling in both games to the St. Louis Blues by scores of 4–3 and 5–3, respectively. They were plagued by injuries throughout the season and lost the second most man-games to injury, with only the last place Edmonton Oilers losing more. The beginning of the season was a struggle for the Wings, with key players out of the lineup including Henrik Zetterberg, Tomas Holmstrom, Johan Franzen, Valtteri Filppula and Niklas Kronwall. After the Olympic break, Detroit posted a record of 13–2–2 and earned 28 points, the most by any team in the NHL in the month of March. This run helped them secure the fifth playoff seed in the Western Conference. Detroit won their first-round playoff series over the Phoenix Coyotes in seven games. In the second round, they fell behind the San Jose Sharks three games to one, before being knocked out of the playoffs in five games. All four games that the Red Wings lost that series were decided by one goal. The lone game that they won ended with a final score of 7–1.
A healthier Red Wings team finished the 2010–11 NHL season with a 47–25–10 record and 104 points to win the Central Division title. They earned the #3 seed in the Western Conference for the Stanley Cup playoffs (extending their professional sports record of post-season appearances to 20 seasons), finishing behind the Vancouver Canucks (117) and San Jose Sharks (105). The Wings again faced the Phoenix Coyotes in the first round of the playoffs, this time sweeping them 4–0—making them the only team in the 2011 playoffs to sweep the first round—and again moved on to play the Sharks in Round 2. After losing the first three games of the series against the Sharks, the Red Wings won three consecutive games to force a Game 7, becoming just the eighth team in NHL history to accomplish the feat (the Chicago Blackhawks became the seventh team to do so earlier in the 2011 playoffs, against Vancouver). The Red Wings lost Game 7 to the Sharks by a score of 3–2, and were eliminated.
During the 2011 off-season, Red Wings defenseman Brian Rafalski retired, citing injuries as the main reason behind his decision. Detroit soon signed free agent defenseman Ian White to take his place. Long-time Red Wings Kris Draper and Chris Osgood also announced their retirement from hockey, with both soon taking positions within the club. Detroit signed goaltender Ty Conklin for his second tour of duty with the team. Tragedy struck the organization and the rest of the National Hockey League upon the 2011 Lokomotiv Yaroslavl air disaster, which claimed the lives of former Red Wings assistant coach Brad McCrimmon and defenseman Ruslan Salei, who had joined the KHL team during the summer. Stefan Liv, a former Red Wings goaltending prospect, was also among the fatalities. The Red Wings then added a patch to the left arm of their uniforms with the trio's initials.
On February 14, 2012, the Red Wings set the NHL record for most consecutive wins at home in a single season by winning their 21st home game with a 3–1 victory over the Dallas Stars, and on Sunday, February 19, 2012, defeated the San Jose Sharks to record their 23rd consecutive home victory, breaking the overall record previously held by the Boston Bruins over two seasons from 1929 to 1930. The Red Wings also made the NHL playoffs extending their streak of 21-straight playoff appearances as the fifth seed. They were defeated in five games by their opening-round opponent, the Nashville Predators.
On Thursday, May 31, 2012, Nicklas Lidstrom retired after his 20th consecutive NHL season, and sixth year as captain of the Detroit Red Wings.[24]
Ken Holland and Mike Babcock announcing Henrik Zetterberg (center) as captain, 2013.
Later in the off-season, fellow longtime Swedish Red Wing Tomas Holmstrom would also retire.
2013–17: The Henrik Zetterberg and Pavel Datsyuk era[edit]
Henrik Zetterberg was named successor to Nicklas Lidstrom as team captain. On July 1, 2012, the first day of the NHL free agency period, the Detroit Red Wings signed Swiss forward Damien Brunner to a one-year, entry-level contract; forward Jordin Tootoo to a three-year, $5.7 million contract; and goaltender Jonas Gustavsson to a two-year, $3 million deal.
The team won their final four games of the 2012–13 season to earn the seventh seed of the playoffs. The Red Wings' 3–0 victory over the Dallas Stars on April 27, 2013, clinched a playoff appearance; had they lost the game in regulation, they would have missed the playoffs by one point. Detroit's win preserved their streak of 22 consecutive playoff appearances, extending their North American professional sports franchise record.
As the seventh seed in the 2013 playoffs, the Red Wings faced the second-seeded Anaheim Ducks. The Wings survived a fierce battle that included four overtime games, winning the series 4–3 after a 3–2 Game 7 victory in Anaheim.[25] The next round pitted the Red Wings against the top-seeded and eventual Stanley cup winners Chicago, and also went seven games. On May 29, the Wings were eliminated from the playoffs in a 2–1 overtime loss to the 'Hawks in Game 7.
On July 5, 2013, the Red Wings signed long time Ottawa Senators captain Daniel Alfredsson to a one-year contract and long time Florida Panther Stephen Weiss to a five-year contract. In the 2013–14 season, the Red Wings moved to the Atlantic Division of the Eastern Conference. On April 9, 2014, the Red Wings clinched their 23rd consecutive playoff appearance, though they were eliminated in the first round by the Boston Bruins in five games.
On April 9, 2015, after the 2014–15 regular season, the Red Wings clinched their 24th consecutive playoff appearance, thus extending the longest streak in the four major North American sports. The team, however, was eliminated in the first round by the Tampa Bay Lightning in seven games. Head coach Mike Babcock, concluding the final year of his contract, left the Red Wings and became coach of the Toronto Maple Leafs. Dylan Larkin signed a contract with the Red Wings the day after. Jeff Blashill, head coach of the Red Wings' top farm club, the Grand Rapids Griffins, was named his successor on June 9.
During the 2015–16 season, the Detroit Red Wings extended their North American major sports playoff streak to 25 seasons; they would be eliminated in the first round by the Lightning for the second consecutive season, in five games.
On February 10, 2017, Red Wings owner Mike Ilitch died at the age of 87.[26]
In the 2016-17 season, the Red Wings missed the playoffs for the first time since the 1989-90 season, ending their playoff streak at 25 seasons.
On April 9, 2017, the Red Wings beat the New Jersey Devils 4–1 in the final game played at Joe Louis Arena. Riley Sheahan scored his only two goals of the season in that game.
2017–present[edit]
The Red Wings won their first game of the 2017–18 regular season at their new home, Little Caesars Arena, on October 5, 2017 against the Minnesota Wild by a score of 4-2.
See also[edit]
History of the National Hockey League
Footnotes[edit]
a The Cougars, Black Hawks, Rangers, Pittsburgh Pirates, New York Americans, Montreal Maroons, Boston Bruins, Ottawa Senators, Toronto Maple Leafs, and Montreal Canadiens.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "National Hockey League Refuses Franchise Seekers". Ottawa Citizen. April 19, 1926. p. 6.
Jump up ^ "The WCHL—Pros On The Prairies". Oilers Heritage. Retrieved 2008-06-21.
Jump up ^ "Chicago-Detroit Likely To Obtain N.H.L. Franchises". Montreal Gazette. May 3, 1926. p. 18.
Jump up ^ "N.H.L. Deadlocked After Bitter Battle". Toronto Star. May 3, 1926. p. 8.
Jump up ^ Associated Press (May 4, 1926). "Detroit Promoters Pay $100,000 for Victoria Cougars Hockey Team". The Lewiston Daily Sun. p. 8.
Jump up ^ "Detroit and Chicago Admitted to NHL". Toronto Star. May 7, 1926. p. 10.
Jump up ^ Coleman(1968), p. 8
Jump up ^ NHL Official Guide & Record Book 2010. Dan Diamond and Associates. 2009. p. 61.
Jump up ^ "Detroit Red Wings - Written history". Detroit Red Wings. Archived from the original on 2008-06-29. Retrieved 2008-06-21.
Jump up ^ Coleman(1968), p. 9
Jump up ^ Detroit Red Wings (2008). "Detroit Red Wings Written History, 1920's". RedWings.com. Archived from the original on 2008-06-29. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
Jump up ^ Falls, Joe (1995-09-30). "Those magnificent men in red". Detroit News. Archived from the original on 2013-01-21. Retrieved 2008-07-27.
Jump up ^ Detroit Red Wings (2008). "Detroit Red Wings Written History, 1930's". RedWings.com. Archived from the original on 2009-01-06. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
Jump up ^ Detroit Red Wings (2008). "Detroit Red Wings 1935-36". RedWings.com. Retrieved 2008-07-29.
Jump up ^ Clark Rasmussen (2009-09-30). "Red Wings End Preseason with 6-2 Win over Farjestad". DetroitHockey.Net. Retrieved 2009-10-01. The Red Wings were involved in the NHL's first foray into Europe, visiting Paris and London alongside the Montreal Canadiens in 1938. The two teams played nine games with the Wings going 3-5-1 in the series.
Jump up ^ "Marguerite Norris, Hockey Team President, 67". New York Times. 1994-05-14.
Jump up ^ "Stanley Cup history". USA Today. 2000-09-12. Archived from the original on 2000-05-10.
Jump up ^ Burnside, Scott (2007-02-21). "The Original Six: Detroit Red Wings". ESPN.com.
Jump up ^ Mulvoy, Mark (1971-01-18). "Poor Broken Wings". Sports Illustrated. Archived from the original on 2013-01-02. Retrieved 2008-06-29.
Jump up ^ "Detroit Red Wings - Written History". Detroit Red Wings. Archived from the original on 2009-01-07. Retrieved 2008-06-21.
Jump up ^ "Steve Yzerman's hockey statistics profile". hockeyDB.com. Retrieved 2008-06-21.
Jump up ^ Lapointe, Joe (1997-06-14). "Two Red Wings Injured, One Seriously, in Cras". New York Times.
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Hedger, Brian. "NHL.com Correspondent". NHL.com. Retrieved May 31, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Red Wings advance past Ducks as veterans lead way in Game 7". CBSSports.com. Retrieved January 19, 2015.
Jump up ^ Rehbein, Matt (February 11, 2017). "Little Caesars founder Mike Ilitch dies at 87". CNN.com. Retrieved February 16, 2017.
References[edit]
Coleman, Charles (1968). The Trail of the Stanley Cup, vol.2, 1927-1946 inc. National Hockey League.
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