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NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Championship
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NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Championship
Sport
College indoor volleyball
Founded
1981
No. of teams
64
Country
United States
Most recent
champion(s)
Nebraska (5)
Most titles
Penn State, Stanford (7)
TV partner(s)
ESPN2
Official website
NCAA.com
The NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Championship is the annual championship in women's volleyball from teams in Division I contested by the NCAA each winter since 1981. Nebraska won the most recent tournament, defeating Florida 3-1 at the Sprint Center in Kansas City.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Champions
3 Statistics
3.1 Team titles
3.2 Champions by decade
3.2.1 1980s
3.2.2 1990s
3.2.3 2000s
3.2.4 2010s
3.3 Winners of two or more consecutive championships
3.4 Champions by state
3.5 Final 4 Appearances
3.6 Current Conference Key
3.7 Records
3.8 Most Outstanding Player
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
History[edit]
From 1970 through 1980, before the NCAA governed women's collegiate athletics, the Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women conducted the women's collegiate volleyball championships.
Volleyball was one of twelve women's sports added to the NCAA championship program for the 1981–82 school year, as the NCAA engaged in battle with the AIAW for sole governance of women's collegiate sports. The AIAW continued to conduct its established championship program in the same twelve (and other) sports; however, after a year of dual women's championships, the NCAA won the fight and assumed the AIAW's authority and membership.
The first NCAA championship tournament was held in 1981, with 20 schools competing for the title. The tournament expanded gradually, moving to 28 teams in 1982, 32 in 1986, 48 in 1993, 56 in 1997, and finally to its current size of 64 in 1998.[1]
There is also an NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Championship, which until 2012 was for both Division I and Division III, as there are far fewer men's programs than women's. However, since 2012 there have been separate tournaments for Division I and Division III teams.
Champions[edit]
The following is a list of Division I champions and runners-up with the champion's overall record, city, site and other national semifinal participants.
See Association for Intercollegiate Athletics for Women championships for the Division I volleyball champions from 1970 to 1981. NOTE: In 1981 there were both NCAA and AIAW champions.
NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball Championship[2]
Year
Host City
(University)
Host Arena
Final
Third Place Final / Semifinalists
Winner
Score
Runner-up
Third Place
Score
Fourth Place
1981 Los Angeles
(UCLA) Pauley Pavilion USC (27–10) 3–2 UCLA San Diego State 3–0 Pacific
1982 Stockton, California
(Pacific) Alex G. Spanos Center Hawaii (33–1) 3–2 USC San Diego State 3–2 Stanford
1983 Lexington, Kentucky
(Kentucky) Memorial Coliseum Hawaii (2) (34–2) 3–0 UCLA Stanford 3–1 Pacific
1984 Los Angeles
(UCLA) Pauley Pavilion UCLA (33–6) 3–2 Stanford Pacific 3–1 San Jose State
1985 Kalamazoo, Michigan
(Western Michigan) Read Fieldhouse Pacific (36–3) 3–1 Stanford USC 3–2 UCLA
1986 Stockton, California
(Pacific) Alex G. Spanos Center Pacific (2) (39–3) 3–0 Nebraska Texas, Stanford
1987 Indianapolis Market Square Arena Hawaiʻi (3) (37–2) 3–1 Stanford Illinois, Texas
1988 Minneapolis
(Minnesota) Williams Arena Texas (34–5) 3–0 Hawaiʻi Illinois, UCLA
1989 Honolulu, Hawaii
(Hawaiʻi) Blaisdell Arena Long Beach State (32–5) 3–0 Nebraska UT Arlington, UCLA
1990 College Park, Maryland
(Maryland) Cole Field House UCLA (2) (36–1) 3–0 Pacific LSU, Nebraska
1991 Los Angeles
(UCLA) Pauley Pavilion UCLA (3) (31–5) 3–2 Long Beach State LSU, Ohio State
1992 Albuquerque, New Mexico
(New Mexico) University Arena Stanford (31–2) 3–2 UCLA Long Beach State, Florida
1993 Madison, Wisconsin
(Wisconsin) UW Field House Long Beach State (2) (32–2) 3–1 Penn State BYU, Florida
1994 Austin, Texas
(Texas) Frank Erwin Center Stanford (2) (32–1) 3–1 UCLA Penn State, Ohio State
1995 Amherst, Massachusetts
(Massachusetts) Mullins Center Nebraska (32–1) 3–1 Texas Stanford, Michigan State
1996 Cleveland, Ohio
(Cleveland State) CSU Convocation Center Stanford (3) (31–2) 3–0 Hawaiʻi Nebraska, Florida
1997 Spokane, Washington
(Washington State) Spokane Arena Stanford (4) (33–2) 3–2 Penn State Long Beach State, Florida
1998 Madison, Wisconsin
(Wisconsin) Kohl Center Long Beach State (3) (36–0) 3–2 Penn State Nebraska, Florida
1999 Honolulu, Hawaii
(Hawaiʻi) Stan Sheriff Center Penn State (36–1) 3–0 Stanford Long Beach State, Pacific
2000 Richmond, Virginia
(VCU) Richmond Coliseum Nebraska (2) (34–0) 3–2 Wisconsin Hawaiʻi, USC
2001 San Diego
(San Diego State) Cox Arena Stanford (5) (33–2) 3–0 Long Beach State Arizona, Nebraska
2002 New Orleans New Orleans Arena USC (2) (31–1) 3–1 Stanford Hawaiʻi, Florida
2003 Dallas Reunion Arena USC (3) (35–0) 3–1 Florida Hawaiʻi, Minnesota
2004 Long Beach, California
(Long Beach State) Long Beach Arena Stanford (6) (30–6) 3–0 Minnesota USC, Washington
2005 San Antonio
(UTSA) Alamodome Washington (32–1) 3–0 Nebraska Santa Clara, Tennessee
2006 Omaha, Nebraska
(Nebraska) Qwest Center Nebraska (3) (33–1) 3–1 Stanford UCLA, Washington
2007 Sacramento, California
(Sacramento State) ARCO Arena Penn State (2) (34–2) 3–2 Stanford California, USC
2008 Omaha, Nebraska
(Nebraska) Qwest Center Penn State (3) (38–0) 3–0 Stanford Nebraska, Texas
2009 Tampa, Florida
(South Florida) St. Pete Times Forum Penn State (4) (38–0) 3–2 Texas Hawaiʻi, Minnesota
2010 Kansas City, Missouri
(UMKC) Sprint Center Penn State (5) (32–5) 3–0 California Texas, USC
2011 San Antonio
(UTSA) Alamodome UCLA (4) (30–6) 3–1 Illinois Florida State, USC
2012 Louisville, Kentucky
(Louisville) KFC Yum! Center Texas (2) (29–4) 3–0 Oregon Michigan, Penn State
2013 Seattle, Washington
(Washington) KeyArena Penn State (6) (34–2) 3-1 Wisconsin Texas, Washington
2014 Oklahoma City
(Oklahoma) Chesapeake Energy Arena Penn State (7) (36–3) 3-0 BYU Stanford, Texas
2015 Omaha, Nebraska
(Nebraska) CenturyLink Center Omaha Nebraska (4) (32–4) 3-0 Texas Kansas, Minnesota
2016 Columbus, Ohio
(Ohio State) Nationwide Arena Stanford (7) (27–7) 3-1 Texas Minnesota, Nebraska
2017 Kansas City, Missouri
(UMKC & Kansas) Sprint Center Nebraska (5) (33–4) 3-1 Florida Penn State, Stanford
2018 Minneapolis, Minnesota
(Minnesota) Target Center
2019 Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania
(Duquesne) PPG Paints Arena
2020 Omaha, Nebraska
(Nebraska) CenturyLink Center Omaha
2021 Columbus, Ohio
(Ohio State) Nationwide Arena
Statistics[edit]
Team titles[edit]
Penn
State
Stanford
UCLA
Nebraska
⇙ Hawaii
Long
Beach
State
USC
Texas
Pacific
Washington
Schools with national championships
– 7 championships, – 5 championships, – 4 championships, – 3 championships
– 2 championships, – 1 championship
Team
Number
Year won
Penn State 7 1999, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2013, 2014
Stanford 7 1992, 1994, 1996, 1997, 2001, 2004, 2016
Nebraska 5 1995, 2000, 2006, 2015, 2017
UCLA 4 1984, 1990, 1991, 2011
Hawaii 3 1982, 1983, 1987
Long Beach State 3 1989, 1993, 1998
USC 3 1981, 2002, 2003
Texas 2 1988, 2012
Pacific 2 1985, 1986
Washington 1 2005
Champions by decade[edit]
1980s[edit]
3
Hawaii
2
Pacific
1
Long Beach State, Texas, UCLA, USC
1990s[edit]
4
Stanford
2
Long Beach State, UCLA
1
Nebraska, Penn State
2000s[edit]
3
Penn State
2
Nebraska, Stanford, USC
1
Washington
2010s[edit]
3
Penn State
2
Nebraska
1
Texas, UCLA, Stanford
Winners of two or more consecutive championships[edit]
Wins
Team
Years
4 Penn State 2007–10
2 Hawaii 1982, 1983
Pacific 1985, 1986
UCLA 1990, 1991
Stanford 1996, 1997
USC 2002, 2003
Penn State 2013, 2014
Champions by state[edit]
Champions by state
State
Wins
Years won
California
19 1981, 1984–86, 1989–94, 1996–98, 2001–04, 2011, 2016
Pennsylvania
7 1999, 2007–10, 2013, 2014
Nebraska
5 1995, 2000, 2006, 2015, 2017
Hawaii
3 1982, 1983, 1987
Texas
2 1988, 2012
Washington
1 2005
Final 4 Appearances[edit]
Team
Number
Champion
Runnerup
Semifinalist
Stanford 21 7 8 6
UCLA 12 4 4 4
USC 10 3 1 6
Washington 4 1 0 3
Cal 2 0 1 1
Arizona 1 0 0 1
Oregon 1 0 1 0
Nebraska 14 5 3 6
Penn St 13 7 3 3
Minnesota 5 0 1 4
Illinois 3 0 1 2
Ohio St 2 0 0 2
Wisconsin 2 0 2 0
Michigan St 1 0 0 1
Michigan 1 0 0 1
Florida 8 0 2 6
LSU 2 0 0 2
Tennessee 1 0 0 1
Texas 12 2 4 6
Kansas 1 0 0 1
Florida St 1 0 0 1
Pacific 7 2 1 4
BYU 2 0 1 1
Santa Clara 1 0 0 1
Hawaii 9 3 2 4
Long Beach St 8 3 2 3
San Diego St 2 0 0 2
San Jose St 1 0 0 1
UT Arlington 1 0 0 1
Current Conference Key[edit]
Pac 12
Big 10
SEC
Big 12
ACC
West Coast
Big West
Mountain West
Sun Belt
Records[edit]
Highest attendance: 18,516 (2017 championship match)
Lowest attendance for a championship match: 2,000 (1983)
Lowest seed to win championship: 11 (Stanford, 2004)
Lowest seed in championship game: Unseeded (BYU, 2014)
Most championships: Penn State, Stanford (7)
Most consecutive championships: Penn State (4, 2007–10)
Most consecutive postseason victories: Penn State (26)
Most championships by a head coach: Russ Rose (7)
Most championships by conference: Pac-12 (15)
Most appearances in championship match: Stanford (15)
Most semifinal appearances: 'Stanford (21)
Most semifinal appearances without a championship: Florida (8)
Undefeated seasons (since 1981): Long Beach State (1998), Nebraska (2000), USC (2003), Penn State (2008, 2009)
[2] [3]
Most Outstanding Player[edit]
In 1991 and now annually since 1996, the NCAA has awarded the most outstanding player(s) of the NCAA championship.[2]
Year
Most Outstanding Player
School
1991 Natalie Williams
Antoinnette White UCLA
Long Beach State
1996 Kerri Walsh Stanford
1997 Terri Zemaitis Penn State
1998 Misty May
Lauren Cacciamani (2) Long Beach State (2)
Penn State (2)
1999 Lauren Cacciamani Penn State (3)
2000 Greichaly Cepero Nebraska
2001 Logan Tom Stanford (2)
2002 Keao Burdine Southern California
2003 Keao Burdine (2) Southern California (2)
2004 Ogonna Nnamani Stanford (3)
2005 Christal Morrison Washington
2006 Sarah Pavan Nebraska (2)
2007 Megan Hodge Penn State (4)
2008 Megan Hodge (2) Penn State (5)
2009 Destinee Hooker Texas
2010 Deja McClendon Penn State (6)
2011 Rachael Kidder UCLA (2)
2012 Bailey Webster Texas (2)
2013 Micha Hancock Penn State (7)
2014 Megan Courtney Penn State (8)
2015 Mikaela Foecke Nebraska (3)
2016 Inky Ajanaku Stanford (4)
2017 Mikaela Foecke (2)
Kelly Hunter Nebraska (4,5)
See also[edit]
AIAW Intercollegiate Women's Volleyball Champions
NCAA Men's National Collegiate Volleyball Championship
NCAA Division II Women's Volleyball Championship
NCAA Division III Women's Volleyball Championship
American Volleyball Coaches Association (AVCA)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "2015 NCAA Women's Volleyball Tournament Statistics and Records" (PDF). NCAA.org. Retrieved 2 December 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/w_volleyball_champs_records/2012/d1/DI.pdf
Jump up ^ http://fs.ncaa.org/Docs/stats/w_volleyball_RB/2013/Att.pdf
External links[edit]
NCAA Division I Women's Volleyball
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Miss Rosa
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July 11, 2013
Last appearance
"We Can Be Heroes"
June 11, 2015
Portrayed by
Barbara Rosenblat
Stephanie Andujar (Flashbacks)
Information
Aliases
Rosa Cisneros
Young Rosa
Significant other(s)
Marco
Andy
Rosa "Miss Rosa" Cisneros is a fictional character from the Netflix dramedy series Orange Is the New Black, played by Barbara Rosenblat. The character made her first screen appearance during the premiere episode titled "I Wasn't Ready", which aired on July 11, 2013. Stephanie Andujar portrayed "Young Rosa" in flashback sequences. Rosenblat originally auditioned for another character but producers asked her to portray Miss Rosa. The character is a cancer sufferer who is incarcerated in Litchfield federal prison because she committed armed bank robberies. Rosenblat did not want to shave her head for the role and a make-up artist was hired to fit a prosthetic appliance to her head creating the character's baldness. The application process took three hours, meaning that the actress had to arrive on set earlier than other cast members. Initially there was no character biography created for Miss Rosa and it was Rosenblat who implemented a Hispanic background and accent. The character is respected amongst fellow inmates and despite her criminal past she has a caring nature and good heart.
The show decided to increase Miss Rosa's role during the second season; creating a backstory episode in which she was revealed to be a daring bank robber surrounded by tragedy. Other storylines include forming friendships with Lorna Morello (Yael Stone) and Yusef (Ben Konigsberg), growing animosity with the show's villain Yvonne "Vee" Parker (Lorraine Toussaint). The show remained focused on developing Miss Rosa's cancer storyline and her illness progressed to terminal stages. She was used to close the second season finale where she is told she has weeks to live. She escapes Litchfield in a stolen prison van and murders Vee with it. In the first episode of the third season, it is revealed that Miss Rosa commits suicide by driving the van into a quarry.
Critical reception of the character has generally been positive. Various critics praised the character for being the second season's break out role. Jayme Deerwester from USA Today called for Rosenblat to be handed an Emmy Award, while Arielle Calderon of BuzzFeed and Elizabeth Freda from E! Online labelled her as one of the show's best characters. But Kate Zernike of The New York Times criticized the character's fake accent and Vogue magazine's John Powers thought that she had a "clumsy" backstory.
Contents
[hide]
1 Development
1.1 Creation and casting
1.2 Characterization
1.3 Cancer
1.4 Character expansion
2 Storylines
3 Reception
4 References
5 External links
Development[edit]
Creation and casting[edit]
The character was created for the pilot episode of the show. At the time the character did not have a surname and there was no characterization. Barbara Rosenblat attended auditions for Orange Is the New Black in New York.[1] She originally read for the part of Galina "Red" Reznikov which was later awarded to Kate Mulgrew.[2] Later she was asked to play Miss Rosa after she impressed the casting director.[2] Rosenblat asked her agent for more details about the character but the only information supplied was that Miss Rosa suffers from an unknown form of cancer. Little was known because only the first episode had been planned. Alongside dialogue acquired from the audition, the actress had the creative freedom to develop Miss Rosa's image and persona.[1]
Characterization[edit]
Miss Rosa has a unique Hispanic accent which Rosenblat created and puts on. She drew inspiration from her scripts and costume. When she first placed a wig cap and looked in the mirror she began to envision how her character should sound.[1] Though it was not until she filmed later episodes that she made a decision. Rosenblat told Anna Silman from Vulture that it was a scene involving Miss Rosa and Piper Chapman (Taylor Schilling), in which she states "I could have been the jefa".[1] Rosenblat said that the Spanish word made her realize that her character is Hispanic and her dialect is indicative of something Latin.[1]
Miss Rosa is a complex character and as she is developed she became more humanized. Though suffering from cancer, she does not let this define her or limit what she can do.[3] Rosenblat said that she styled Miss Rosa to be a self-absorbed woman who had spent a long time incarcerated in Litchfield prison. The character's fellow inmates have much respect for her. While the actress also wanted to play her as "classy and centered". She is an adrenaline junkie with attitude but also has a good heart.[4]
Cancer[edit]
"Characters with cancer wander onto and off of sets of various shows flattened out as either tragic victims or heroic overcomers without much characterization. Both are really two lazy sides of the same generic coin. [...] They are rarely characters unto themselves. With one of Miss Rosa's first lines, "Thank god I got cancer. No one fucks with cancer," it was clear early on that Miss Rosa was going to be an exception."[3]
—A Huffington Post feature on Miss Rosa's cancer. (2014)
Miss Rosa suffers from cancer but refuses to let her illness define her. Rosenblat believed that her character's attitude resonated with viewers and she received letters of thanks from the audience and later recalled that one such letter, from a sixteen-year-old viewer meant a lot to her. Her storyline helped him understand elements of his grandmother's cancer he could not grasp. Rosenblat said that these such stories relating to Miss Rosa left her "touched and moved".[3]
Miss Rosa undertakes chemotherapy to treat her cancer which leaves her bald. Rosenblat did not shave her head for the role because she worried about other roles.[2] She had to wear a silicone "appliance" on her head and neck. Each morning on set makeup artist Josh Turri made up the appliance onto her.[1] The process would take approximately three hours and Turri added false beauty marks, eyebrows and small veins to complete Miss Rosa's look.[3] Rosenblat described him as "utterly brilliant and a perfectionist ... so you got this entirely organic sense that I was utterly bald and suffering [from] cancer."[1] While on set fellow actors and crew members incorrectly assumed she had shaved her head.[1] The weather during filming also affected Miss Rosa's costumer. During warm weather crew shielded Rosenblat from the sun with umbrellas because the heat would cause the make up to crack. Other breaches were caused by perspiration and Turri would drain water from underneath the prosthetics prior to repairing it.[3] At the end of each shoot it took Rosenblat 45 minutes to remove the appliance.[1]
Rosenblat also recalled (Vulture interview) that while filming an episode directed by Jodie Foster she plucked her nipple hair. Foster was on set to talk over the logistics of how she wanted it portrayed through Miss Rosa.[1] During season two Miss Rosa needs life saving surgery. But Sam Healy (Michael J. Harney) informs her that the DOC are not willing to fund the operation. Instead she is forced to continue with chemotherapy meaning she will die.[5]
Character expansion[edit]
Miss Rosa played a minor role throughout the first season. Rosenblat had admitted that she only appeared sporadically and did not get to portray much. But the actress was eager to return for the show's second season.[2] But during the second season the role was expanded which surprised Rosenblat.[1] The actress told a reporter from Indiewire, "I learned where Miss Rosa is from I learned why she's in prison. You're going to learn a lot about her, a lot that I was desperate to know, and it helps."[6] In March 2014, series creator Jenji Kohan told Jessie Katz (The Hollywood Reporter) that viewers would be introduced to Miss Rosa's backstory.[7] When the writers had planned a backstory episode for the character, Rosenblat was delighted. But the development left her unsure how Miss Rosa's story would fit into main storyline of Orange Is the New Black.[1]
The episode, titled "Appropriately Sized Pots" features a young Rosa portrayed with good looks, intelligence and lots of money. She is involved with a gang who commit bank robberies. It soon transpires that each time Rosa participates in a robbery someone close to her dies.[8] During her first heist her boyfriend Marco (Alfredo De Quesada) is shot and killed by a security guard. In a later robbery her new lover Andy (Andhy Méndez) suffers a heart attack. Left with the only other gang member Don (Edvin Ortega), Rosa continues her crime spree. But she becomes obsessed with the thrill of money and raids a bank she did not check out and is apprehended for her crimes.[8] Actress Stephanie Andujar played the character during flashback scenes. She watched Rosenblat's version of the character so that she could portray her similarly.[2]
During the season Miss Rosa has several encounters with the show's villain Yvonne "Vee" Parker (Lorraine Toussaint). Rosenblat told Taylor Cole Miller of The Huffington Post that she recalled thinking that the storyline would not have a happy ending and felt that there was a bigger story to come from it.[3] Another storyline sees the character attending chemotherapy sessions at a hospital. Rosenblat told radio host Ira Wood that Miss Rosa meets a cancer stricken teenager Yusef (Ben Konigsberg) who thinks she is an "old git". But when he learns that she is a bank robber he gains respect for her. The dialogue featured in the story was the actress' favourite from the entire show.[2]
Rosenblat was given the storyline that ties up the second season.[1] The scenes feature Miss Rosa being told that she is going to die from her cancer. Fellow inmate and prison van driver Lorna Morello (Yael Stone) feels sorry for her and exits the van urging Miss Rosa to escape. The final scene features Miss Rosa driving away when she notices Vee also making an escape from prison. Recalling an earlier altercation with Vee, Miss Rosa careens the vehicle at Vee killing her instantly. Rosenblat told Silman that she joyfully screamed in the bathroom for five minutes when she learned of her character's actions. She added "After all this effort to get rid of this woman, just evil incarnate, you know, and then I stroll along in my van. [In Miss Rosa voice] 'So rude, that one.' Amazing. That final scene was really great."[1] During the scene Miss Rosa morphs into her younger incarnation as she becomes free once again. Rosenblat recalled the logistics of filming having to swap backwards and forth with Andujar to create the same position behind the wheel.[3]
Storylines[edit]
Miss Rosa meets new prison inmate Piper and offers her some advice. She reveals that she is suffering from cancer and undergoing chemotherapy.[9] Miss Rosa is told that she needs an operation to improve her chances of survival. However the DOC refuse to fund the operation and she is told that she needs to keep having chemotherapy. The outcome of which means she is likely to die.[10] She then reminisces about her past as bank robber in which all the men she kissed during heists ended up dead. She details her life to a fellow cancer patient Yusef and they bond. He decides to help her regain the adrenaline rush felt from robbery and they steal a nurse's purse. Miss Rosa is delighted to learn that Yusef has gone into remission but is sad to say goodbye. She returns to her cell and informs good friend Anita DeMarco (Lin Tucci) that she is dying before smelling the money she stole from the nurse.[11]
Vee approaches Miss Rosa claiming to remember her and tries to recruit her. But she is not interested and tells Vee that she is a rude woman.[12] Vee and Suzanne "Crazy Eyes" Warren (Uzo Aduba) later force Rosa to move out of the canteen and ruin her meal.[2] Morello becomes concerned for Rosa during a hurricane which leaves Litchfield without power.[13] Miss Rosa attends a hospital appointment and is told she only has weeks to live. The prison guard seems unfazed that she will die in prison. When a prison lockdown occurs Morello uses the opportunity to help Miss Rosa escape. She takes the offer and escapes from prison and on the way spots Vee. Recalling how Vee had treated her, Miss Rosa deliberately runs Vee down and kills her.[14] After Miss Rosa's escape, conversation by a guard reveals that she "(drove their) outdated crap into a quarry".[15][16] Her former bunk becomes a shrine after her death by suicide.[15]
Reception[edit]
Anna Silman from Vulture described Miss Rosa as a "no-nonsense bank robber evolved from being a bit player to becoming one of season two's most fascinating breakout roles." She also praised the role for being "rich and unusual".[1] Arielle Calderon of BuzzFeed named the character as "one of the Season 2’s new fan favorites".[17] Elizabeth Freda from E! Online ranked Miss Rosa as the third best character from season two. The character's backstory was her favourite. She said that a "cursed bank robber" sounded corny, but worked well.[18] Hilary Busis of Entertainment Weekly described the character as a forgettable non-entity during the first season. She also praised Stephanie Andujar's performance as Young Rosa and called for her own spin-off series to be created.[8] Kimberley Potts of Yahoo! TV voted Miss Rosa's backstory as the second best one of the entire show.[19] But Vogue magazine's John Powers criticized it adding "bald Miss Rosa is never again as interesting after clumsy, overlong flashbacks to her criminal career."[20]
The Huffington Post's Miller described Rosa as "the husky-voiced, curmudgeonly, terminal cancer patient who comes up for air just long enough to pluck a "tit hair" or knock off a bank."[3] Jenee Osterheldt from The Kansas City Star said that "if there’s one thing that sticks out about her character, it’s that husky and seductive voice that steals every conversation. You want to hear her speak, to cling to her words and let her paint the picture."[4] Anita Li writing for Mashable praised the character's friendship with Yusef stating "despite the depressing circumstances of their meeting, the pair's chemistry is entertaining for viewers to watch."[21]
ScreenCrush's Britt Hayes said that Miss Rosa and Vee's stories dominated the second season. But was disappointed that the two stories collided to form the series finale. She felt that it was both comical and absurd.[22] Kevin Fallon from The Daily Beast opined that the scene Miss Rosa learns she is dying was handled phenomenally. He also said that she deserved an award for killing Vee.[23] Kate Zernike of The New York Times criticized the characters's accent believing it sounded more Russian. She thought Miss Rosa's last scene was both brilliant and exhilarating. But least expected her to kill Vee because fellow enemies sparred with Vee more.[24] But Perri Nemiroff from Screen Rant praised the ending because it was emotional. She described Morello offering her freedom as an "especially moving season-ending thrill".[25] She summed up Miss Rosa as being a kind person and branded it all more "gratifying" when she killed Vee.[25] Entertainment Weekly readers voted Miss Rosa killing Vee as the "most shocking moment" of season two.[26] Jayme Deerwester (USA Today) said that Miss Rosa provided the best moments of season two and deserved an Emmy Award.[27] Dana Piccoli from AfterEllen.com said Miss Rosa was a character with the ability to "beguile me and break my heart".[11] She branded the scene with her sniffing the stolen money as "euphoric".[11] Lauren Hoffman of Cosmopolitan believed that her cancer struggle almost ignorable during the first season. But viewers later saw her true self and her branded her refusal to care as her strength.[28]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Silman, Anna (August 1, 2014). "Orange Is the New Black's Barbara Rosenblat on Playing Miss Rosa and Being 'the Meryl Streep of Audiobooks'". Vulture. (New York Media, LLC). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Rosenblat, Barbara (July 29, 2014). "Miss Rosa from Orange Is The New Black Barbara Rosenblatt". On the Lowdown (Interview). Interview with Ira Wood. WOMR.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h Miller, Taylor Cole (July 21, 2014). "OITNB's Miss Rosa on "Tit Hairs," the Prop in Her Freezer, and F**king With Cancer". The Huffington Post. (AOL). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Osterheldt, Jenee (June 17, 2014). "Actress brings her dulcet voice to 'Orange Is the New Black,' to audiobooks and now to KC". The Kansas City Star. (Mi-Ai Parrish). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Robinson, Phoebe (June 27, 2014). "Orange Is the New Black, Season 2, Episode 8 Recap: Piper Gets Devastating News and Rosa's Cursed". Glamour. (Condé Nast). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Cipriani, Casey (May 16, 2014). "'Orange is the New Black' Stars on What's in Store for Season 2, What They Binge Watch, and What Would Land Them in Prison". Indiewire. (SnagFilms). Retrieved 16 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Katz, Jessie (March 14, 2014). "PaleyFest: Whose 'Orange Is the New Black' Backstories Will Be Revealed in Season 2?". The Hollywood Reporter. (Prometheus Global Media). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b c Busis, Hilary (June 11, 2014). "Orange Is the New Black recap: Take the Money and Run". Entertainment Weekly. (Time Inc.). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Michael Trim (director), Liz Friedman and Jenji Kohan (writers) (July 11, 2013). "I Wasn't Ready". Orange Is the New Black. Series 1. Episode 1. Netflix.
Jump up ^ Daisy von Scherler Mayer (director), Alex Regnery & Hartley Voss (writers). "Appropriately Sized Pots". Orange Is the New Black. Series 2. Episode 8. Netflix.
^ Jump up to: a b c Piccoli, Dana (July 1, 2014). ""Orange Is the New Black" recap (2.8): Appropriately Sized Pots". AfterEllen.com. (Logo TV). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Andrew McCarthy (director), Sara Hess (writer). "Comic Sans". Orange Is the New Black. Series 2. Episode 7. Netflix.
Jump up ^ Phil Abraham (director), Sara Hess (writer). "It Was the Change". Orange Is the New Black. Series 2. Episode 12. Netflix.
Jump up ^ Constantine Makris (director), Jenji Kohan (writer). "We Have Manners. We're Polite.". Orange Is the New Black. Series 2. Episode 13. Netflix.
^ Jump up to: a b "Orange Is the New Black s03e01 Episode Script | SS". Springfield! Springfield!. Retrieved 2017-01-17.
Jump up ^ ""Orange is the New Black" recap (3.1): Mother's Day - AfterEllen". AfterEllen. 2015-06-15. Retrieved 2017-01-17.
Jump up ^ Calderon, Arielle (June 13, 2014). "11 "Orange Is The New Black" Actors You Didn't Know Were On Broadway". BuzzFeed. (BuzzFeed Inc). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Freda, Elizabeth (July 1, 2014). "Ranking Our Favorite (and Least Favorite) Inmates From Orange Is the New Black Season Two". E! Online. (NBCUniversal Cable). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Potts, Kimberly (June 18, 2014). "The 10 Best 'Orange Is the New Black' Character Backstories". Yahoo! TV. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Powers, John (June 11, 2014). "What's Right and Wrong With the New Season of Orange Is the New Black". Vogue. (Condé Nast). Archived from the original on July 8, 2014. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Li, Anita (June 9, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black' Episodes 7–9 Recaps: Growing Pains". Mashable. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Hayes, Britt. "Why the 'Orange Is the New Black' Season 2 Finale Was Disappointing". ScreenCrush. (Townsquare Media). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Stern, Marlow; Fallon, Kevin (July 12, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black': Inside the Wild S2 Finale and What's Next for Season 3". The Daily Beast. (The Newsweek Daily Beast Company). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Zernike, Kate (July 18, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black' Finale: It's Almost Like 'Thelma and Louise'". The New York Times. (The New York Times Company). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b Nemiroff, Perri (June 2014). "'Orange is the New Black' Season 2 Finale Review – Rude People Suck". Screenrant.com. Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Strecker, Erin (June 13, 2014). "'Orange Is the New Black': Finish season 2? Talk craziest moments (and that ending) here". Entertainment Weekly. (Time Inc.). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Deerwester, Jayme (August 2, 2014). "Let Miss Rosa from 'OITNB' read to you". USA Today. (Gannett Company). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
Jump up ^ Hoffman, Lauren (June 12, 2014). "15 Orange Is the New Black Characters Ranked By Best Friend Potential". Cosmopolitan. (Hearst Corporation). Retrieved August 16, 2014.
External links[edit]
Miss Rosa on IMDb
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Piper Chapman
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Related
Piper Kerman
Orange Is the New Black: My Year in a Women's Prison
"You've Got Time"
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Shades of cyan
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For a broader coverage of this topic, see Cyan.
Cyan
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#00FFFF
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 255, 255)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 0, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 100%, 100%)
Source
CSS Color Module Level 3
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
This article is about notable tints and shades of the color cyan, a greenish blue. Cyan is one of the subtractive primary colors- cyan, magenta, and yellow.
The first recorded use of cyan blue ("cyan blue" was the name used for the color "cyan" in the 19th century) as a color name in English was in 1879.[1]
Contents
1 Cyan in printing and the web colors cyan and aqua
1.1 Process cyan
1.2 The web color cyan (aqua)
2 Additional variations of cyan
2.1 Aero blue
2.2 Aquamarine
2.3 Blue-green
2.4 Caribbean Current
2.5 Celeste
2.6 Cerulean
2.7 Charleston green
2.8 Dark cyan
2.9 Electric blue
2.10 Green-blue
2.11 Keppel
2.12 Light cyan
2.13 Light sea green
2.14 Midnight green
2.15 Robin egg blue
2.16 Sky Blue (Crayola)
2.17 Teal
2.18 Tiffany Blue
2.19 Turquoise
2.20 Verdigris
2.21 Viridian
3 Cyan in human culture
4 Wrapping the spectrum into a color wheel
5 See also
6 References
Cyan in printing and the web colors cyan and aqua[edit]
Process cyan[edit]
Cyan (subtractive primary)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#00B7EB
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 183, 235)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 22, 0, 8)
HSV (h, s, v)
(193°, 100%, 92[2]%)
Source
CMYK[3]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Cyan, magenta, and yellow are the three subtractive primary colors used in printing.
In color printing, the shade of cyan called process cyan or pigment cyan is one of the three primary pigment colors which, along with yellow and magenta, constitute the three subtractive primary colors of pigment. (The secondary colors of pigment are blue, green, and red.) As such, the CMYK printing process was invented in the 1890s, when newspapers began to publish color comic strips.
Process cyan is not an RGB color, and there is no fixed conversion from CMYK primaries to RGB. Different formulations are used for printer's ink, so there can be variations in the printed color that is pure cyan ink. A typical formulation of process cyan is shown in the color box at right. The source of the color shown at right is the color magenta that is shown in the diagram located at the bottom of the following website offering tintbooks for CMYK printing: [1].
The web color cyan (aqua)[edit]
Cyan (additive secondary)
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#00FFFF
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 255, 255)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 0, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 100%, 100%)
Source
X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Red, green and blue lights, representing the three basic additive primary colors of the RGB color system, red, green, and blue. Cyan light is composed of equal amounts of green and blue light.
The web color cyan, shown at the right, is one of the three secondary colors in the RGB color model, used for creating all colors on a computer or television display by mixing various combinations of red, green and blue light. The X11 name for this color is cyan; the HTML name for the same color is aqua. They are both composed of the same mixture of blue and green light, and are exactly the same color.
Additional variations of cyan[edit]
Aero blue[edit]
See also: Air Force blue § Aero
Aero Blue
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#C9FFE5
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(201, 255, 229)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(21.2, 0, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(151°, 21%, 100%)
Source
Sharpie
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Aero blue is a fluorescent cyan color. Aero blue was used as rainshower in one of the Sharpie (marker) permanent markers but not as bright on the marker.
However, there is no mechanism for showing fluorescence on a computer screen.
Aquamarine[edit]
Main article: aquamarine (color)
Aquamarine
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#7FFFD4
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(127, 255, 212)
HSV (h, s, v)
(160°, 50%, 100[4]%)
Source
X11[5]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
Aquamarine crystals on muscovite
Aquamarine is a color that is a bluish tint of cerulean toned toward cyan. It is named after the mineral aquamarine, a gemstone mainly found in granite rocks. The first recorded use of aquamarine as a color name in English was in 1598.[6]
Blue-green[edit]
Main article: Blue-green
Blue-Green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#0D98BA
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(13, 152, 186)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(93, 18, 0, 27)
HSV (h, s, v)
(192°, 93%, 72[7]%)
Source
Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Blue-green has been a Crayola color since 1930.
Caribbean Current[edit]
Caribbean Current
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#006D6F
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 109, 111)
HSV (h, s, v)
(181°, 100%, 44%)
Source
BEHR
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
Displayed at right is the color Caribbean Current.
Celeste[edit]
Main article: Sky blue § Celeste
Celeste
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#B2FFFF
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(178, 255, 255)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(30, 0, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 30%, 100%)
Source
Il dizionario dei colori[8]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
At right is displayed the color celeste.
Bleu celeste ("sky blue") is a rarely occurring tincture in heraldry (not being one of the seven main colours or metals or the three "staynard colours"). This tincture is sometimes also called ciel or simply celeste. It is depicted in a lighter shade than the range of shades of the more traditional tincture azure, which is the standard blue used in heraldry.[9] It has been used rarely since the 17th century,[10] gaining popularity after the First World War.
Cerulean[edit]
Main article: Cerulean
Cerulean
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#007BA7
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 123, 167)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 26, 0, 35)
HSV (h, s, v)
(196°, 100%, 65[11]%)
Source
[Unsourced]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
The first recorded use of cerulean as a color name in English was in 1590.[12]
The word is probably derived from the Latin word caeruleus, "dark blue, blue, or blue-green", which in turn probably derives from caelulum, diminutive of caelum, "heaven, sky".[13] This color hex triplet has also been designated as celadon blue[14][15], after the hue derived from glazing in some Chinese celadon earthenware.
Charleston green[edit]
Main article: Shades of black (colors) § Charleston green
Charleston Green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#232B2B
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(35, 43, 43)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(18, 0, 0, 83)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 19%, 17[16]%)
Source
Internet
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Charleston green is an extremely dark shade of cyan. The color Charleston green originated after the American Civil War, approximately 1865, when during reconstruction, it was widely used to paint homes in Charleston, South Carolina.
Dark cyan[edit]
Dark Cyan
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#008B8B
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 139, 139)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 0, 46, 46)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 100%, 54[17]%)
Source
X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
At right is displayed the web color dark cyan.
Electric blue[edit]
Electric Blue
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#7DF9FF
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(125, 249, 255)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(51, 2, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(183°, 51%, 100%)
Source
[Unsourced]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Main article: Electric blue (color)
Electric blue (#7DF9FF)
#7DF9FF
Electric blue is a color close to cyan that is a representation of the color of lightning, an electric spark, and argon signs; it is named after the ionized air glow produced during electrical discharges.
The first recorded use of electric blue as a color name in English was in 1884.[18]
Green-blue[edit]
Green-Blue
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#1164B4
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(17, 100, 180)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(91, 44, 0, 29)
HSV (h, s, v)
(209°, 90.6%, 70.6[19]%)
Source
Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Green-blue had been a Crayola color since 1958. It was continued as a Crayola crayon color until 1990.
Keppel[edit]
Keppel
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#3AB09E
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(58, 176, 158)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(67, 0, 10, 31)
HSV (h, s, v)
(171°, 67%, 69[20]%)
Source
Xona.com Color List
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
At right is displayed the color keppel.
The color name keppel has been in use since 2001, when it was promulgated as one of the colors on the Xona.com Color List.
Light cyan[edit]
Light Cyan
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#E0FFFF
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(224, 255, 255)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(12, 0, 0, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 97%, 97%)
Source
X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
At right is displayed the web color light cyan.
Light sea green[edit]
Light Sea Green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#20B2AA
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(32, 178, 170)
HSV (h, s, v)
(175°, 40%, 75%)
Source
X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
At right is displayed the web color light sea green.
Midnight green[edit]
Main article: Midnight green
Midnight Green
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#004953
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 73, 83)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 15, 26, 70)
HSV (h, s, v)
(187°, 100%, 33%)
Source
[21]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Midnight green (sometimes called Eagle green) has been the official primary color of the Philadelphia Eagles of the National Football League since 1996.
Robin egg blue[edit]
Main article: Robin egg blue
Robin Egg Blue
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#00CCCC
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 204, 204)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(67, 0, 27, 0)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 100%, 80%)
Source
Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
The color robin egg blue is displayed at right.
Robin eggs in a nest
The first recorded use of robin's egg blue as a color name in English was in 1873.[22]
Sky Blue (Crayola)[edit]
Sky Blue (Crayola)
Colour coordinates
Hex triplet
#80DAEB
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(128, 218, 235)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(46, 7, 0, 8)
HSV (h, s, v)
(190°, 46%, 92[23]%)
Source
Crayola
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Displayed at right is the colour medium sky blue. This is the colour that is called sky blue in Crayola crayons. This colour was formulated by Crayola in 1958. "Sky blue" appears in the 32, 48, 64, 96 and 120 packs of crayons.
Teal[edit]
Main article: Teal (color)
Teal
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#008080
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(0, 128, 128)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(100, 0, 0, 50)
HSV (h, s, v)
(180°, 100%, 50[24]%)
Source
HTML/CSS[25]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
At right is displayed the web color teal.
Eurasian teal
The first recorded use of teal as a color name in English was in 1917.[26]
Tiffany Blue[edit]
Main article: Tiffany Blue
Tiffany Blue
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#81D8D0
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(129, 216, 208)
HSV (h, s, v)
(174°, 40%, 85%)
Source
Tiffany.com
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
Tiffany Blue is the colloquial name for the light medium robin egg blue color associated with Tiffany & Co., the New York City jewelry company. The color was used on the cover of Tiffany's Blue Book, first published in 1845.[27] Since then Tiffany & Co. has used the color extensively on promotional materials, including boxes and bags. The Tiffany Blue color is protected as a color trademark by Tiffany & Co. in some jurisdictions including the U.S.[28][29]
Turquoise[edit]
Main article: Turquoise (color)
Turquoise
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#40E0D0
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(64, 224, 208)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(71, 0, 7, 12)
HSV (h, s, v)
(174°, 71%, 88[30]%)
Source
X11
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
At right is displayed the X11 color named turquoise.
Turquoise is the name of a greenish blue color, based on the gem of the same name. The word turquoise comes from the French for Turkish, as the gem was originally imported from Turkey.[31][32]
Polished turquoise stones
The first recorded use of turquoise as a color name in English was in 1573.[33] Perhaps owing to sharing its name with a mineral, turquoise is currently a more common term in English than other cyan-like colors.[34]
Verdigris[edit]
Main article: Verdigris
Verdigris
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#43B3AE
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(26, 70, 68)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(63, 0, 3, 30)
HSV (h, s, v)
(177°, 46%, 48%)
Source
Encycolorpedia [35]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Verdigris
Verdigris is the common name for a green pigment obtained through the application of acetic acid to copper plates[36] or the natural patina formed when copper, brass or bronze is weathered and exposed to air or seawater over a period of time. The name verdigris comes from the Middle English vertegrez, from the Old French verte grez, an alteration of vert-de-Grèce ("green of Greece"). Used as a pigment in paintings and other art objects (as green color) since ancient Greece, it was originally made by hanging copper plates over hot vinegar in a sealed pot until a green crust formed on the copper. The vivid green color of copper(II) acetate made this form of verdigris a much used pigment. Until the 19th century, verdigris was the most vibrant green pigment available and was frequently used in painting. Verdigris was sometimes used to illustrate cyan colors in early color wheels.[37]
Viridian[edit]
Main article: Viridian
Viridian
Color coordinates
Hex triplet
#40826D
sRGBB (r, g, b)
(64, 130, 109)
CMYKH (c, m, y, k)
(76, 30, 63, 11)
HSV (h, s, v)
(161°, 51%, 51%)
Source
Maerz and Paul[38]
B: Normalized to [0–255] (byte)
H: Normalized to [0–100] (hundred)
Viridian is a blue-green pigment, a hydrated chromium(III) oxide, of medium saturation and relatively dark in value. It is composed more of green than blue. Specifically, it is a dark shade of spring green, the color between green and cyan on the color wheel, or, in paint, a tertiary blue–green color. Viridian takes its name from the Latin viridis, meaning "green".[39]
The first recorded use of viridian as a color name in English was in the 1860s (exact year uncertain).[40]
Cyan in human culture[edit]
See Cyan in human culture in the main article on Cyan.
Wrapping the spectrum into a color wheel[edit]
If the visible spectrum is wrapped to form a color wheel, cyan (subtractive primary) appears midway between blue and green:
Visible spectrum wrapped to join blue and green in an additive mixture of cyan
See also[edit]
List of colors
Distinguishing blue from green in language
Variations of magenta
Variations of yellow
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill page 194
Jump up ^ Using HSL color space#Conversion from RGB to HSL or HSV, v=247/255
Jump up ^ Tintbooks - Get Accurate CMYK Color Results For Your Printing Projects CMYK color tintbook:
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #7FFFD4 (Aquamarine):
Jump up ^ W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, SVG color keywords. W3C. (May 2003). Retrieved on 2008-01-31.
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Aquamarine: Page 93 Plate 35 Color Sample I3
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #0D98BA (Blue-Green):
Jump up ^ S. Fantetti; C. Petracchi (2001). Il dizionario dei colori: nomi e valori in quadricromia. Bologna: Zanichelli. ISBN 88-08-07995-3.
Jump up ^ Scott-Giles, C. W. (1958). Boutell's Heraldry (rev. ed.). London & New York: Frederick Warne & Co.
Jump up ^ http://www.modaruniversity.org/Newcomer-Packet-11-Heraldry.pdf
Jump up ^ web.forrett.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #007BA7 (Cerulean):
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 190; Color Sample of Cerulean: Page 89 Plate 33 Color Sample E6
Jump up ^ Cerulean, Online Etymology Dictionary
Jump up ^ "Celadon blue / #007ba7 Hex Color Code Schemes and Paints". encycolorpedia.com. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
Jump up ^ "#007ba7 hex color information (Celadon Blue, Cerulean) - SpyColor.com". www.spycolor.com. Retrieved 12 August 2018.
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #232B2B (Charleston Green):
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #008B8B (Dark Cyan):
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill, p.194; Color Sample of Electric Blue [fabric 1890s]: Page 97 Plate 37 Color Sample I7
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #1164B4 (Green-Blue):
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code #3AB09E (Kepple):
Jump up ^ "Team Colors – NFL". Ssur.org. Archived from the original on 2012-03-16. Retrieved 2011-06-13.
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 203; Color Sample of Robin's Egg Blue Page 77 Plate 27 Color Sample H3
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #80DAEB (Medium Sky Blue):
Jump up ^ Web.forret.com, Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color #008080 (Teal):
Jump up ^ W3.org, W3C TR CSS3 Color Module, HTML4 color keywords
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 205; color sample of Teal: Page 101 Plate 39 Color Sample L7
Jump up ^ About Tiffany & Co.: Tiffany Blue
Jump up ^ Seeing The Future In All Its Hues - New York Times
Jump up ^ Brief of Amicus Curiae Tiffany (NJ) LLC (2011, p. 8-9)[permanent dead link]
Jump up ^ web.forret.com Color Conversion Tool set to hex code of color 40E0D0 (Turquoise):
Jump up ^ "Turquoise:turquoise mineral information and data". mindat.org. Retrieved 2006-10-04.
Jump up ^ http://rruff.geo.arizona.edu/doclib/hom/turquoise.pdf Handbook of Mineralogy
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York: 1930 McGraw-Hill Page 206; Color Sample of Turquoise [green]: Page 73 Plate 25 Color Sample I5
Jump up ^ "Google Ngram Viewer".
Jump up ^ http://encycolorpedia.com/43b3ae Encycolorpedia page on veridgris
Jump up ^ "Verdigris" Oxford English Dictionary
Jump up ^ https://archive.org/details/principlesscien00bensgoog Principles in the Science of Colour Concisely Stated by William Benson, 1868
Jump up ^ The color displayed in the color box above matches the color called viridian in the 1930 book by Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill; the color viridian is displayed on page 79, Plate 28, Color Sample K11.
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 18 See: "Table--Polyglot Table of Principle Color Names" Pages 18-19
Jump up ^ Maerz and Paul A Dictionary of Color New York:1930 McGraw-Hill Page 206; Color Sample of Viridian: Page 93 Plate 79 Color Sample K11
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Shades of cyan
Alice blue Aqua Aquamarine Azure mist Celeste Cerulean Cyan Electric blue Jungle green Magic mint
Mint Persian green Pine green Robin egg blue Sea green Skobeloff Sky blue Tiffany Blue Teal Turquoise
Verdigris
A typical sample is shown for each name; a range of color-variations is commonly associated with each color-name.
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Shades of blue
Air Force blue Air superiority blue Alice blue Azure Baby blue Bleu de France Blue Blue-gray Bondi blue Brandeis blue
Byzantine blue Cambridge Blue Carolina blue Celeste Cerulean Cobalt blue Columbia Blue Cornflower blue Cyan Dark blue
Deep sky blue Denim Dodger blue Duke blue Egyptian blue Electric blue Eton blue Federal blue Glaucous Electric indigo
Indigo International Klein Blue Iris Light blue Majorelle Blue Marian blue Maya blue Medium blue Midnight blue Navy blue
Non-photo blue Oxford Blue Palatinate blue Periwinkle Persian blue Phthalo blue Powder blue Prussian blue Royal blue Sapphire
Sky blue Steel blue Teal Tiffany Blue True Blue Tufts Blue Turquoise UCLA Blue Ultramarine Violet-blue
Viridian Yale Blue YInMn Blue Zaffre
Related topics:
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St. Patrick's blue
Template:Shades of cyan
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Apple green Asparagus Avocado Bright green British racing green Brunswick green Cal Poly green Castleton green Chartreuse Citron
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Green Green-yellow Harlequin Hooker's green Honeydew Hunter green India green Islamic green Jungle green Kelly green
Laurel green Lawn green Light green Lime Lime green Mantis Malachite Mint Mint cream Moss green
Myrtle green Neon green Office green Olive Pakistan green Paris green Persian green Phthalo green Pigment green Pine green
Pistachio Reseda green Sage Screamin' green Sea green Shamrock green Spring bud Spring green Teal Tender Shoots
Turquoise Viridian Yellow-green
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