text:
Money bill
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Not to be confused with Banknote.
For the Irish controversy of 1753–1756, see Money Bill dispute. For the New Zealand rugby player, see Sonny Bill Williams.
In the Westminster system (and, colloquially, in the United States), a money bill or supply bill is a bill that solely concerns taxation or government spending (also known as appropriation of money), as opposed to changes in public law.
Contents
[hide]
1 Conventions
2 Requirements in Westminster systems
2.1 Australia
2.2 Bangladesh
2.3 India
2.4 Republic of Ireland
2.5 United Kingdom
3 Requirements in non-Westminster systems
3.1 United States
4 See also
5 References
Conventions[edit]
It is often a constitutional convention that the upper house may not block a money bill. There is often another requirement that non-money bill-type clauses may not be attached to a money bill. The rationale behind this convention is that the upper house, being appointed or indirectly elected, should not have any right to decide on taxation and public expenditure-related policies as may be framed by the directly elected representatives of the lower house. Therefore, money bills are an exception to the general rule that for a bill to be enacted into a law, it has to be approved by both Houses of the Parliament—the lower house and the upper house.[1]
Loss of supply in the lower house is conventionally considered to be an expression of the house's loss of confidence in the government resulting in the government's fall.
Requirements in Westminster systems[edit]
Australia[edit]
A supply bill in the Australian System is required to pass the House of Representatives, the Senate and be signed by the Governor-General. The Senate has no power or ability to introduce or modify a supply bill, but has the ability to block or defer the passing of a supply bill. The most famous instance where supply was blocked was during the 1975 constitutional crisis. This has resulted in agreements between political parties to prevent the blockage of supply bills through the Senate.
Bangladesh[edit]
A money bill is specifically defined by Article 81 of the Constitution of Bangladesh. The President of Bangladesh can send back all bills passed by the Parliament for a review except a money bill. However, a money bill can be introduced to the Parliament only at the President's recommendation. Additionally, tax can only be levied by the Parliament.[2]
India[edit]
Procedure for a Money Bill:
Money Bills can be introduced only in Lok Sabha (the directly elected 'people's house' of the Indian Parliament).
Money bills passed by the Lok Sabha are sent to the Rajya Sabha (the upper house of parliament, elected by the state and territorial legislatures or appointed by the president). The Rajya Sabha may not amend money bills but can recommend amendments. To make sure that Rajya Sabha doesn't amend the bill by adding some non-money matters (known as Financial Bill), the Speaker of the Lok Sabha certifies the bill as a money bill before sending it to the upper house, and the decision of the Speaker is binding on both the Houses.[3] A money bill must be returned to the Lok Sabha within 14 days, or the bill is deemed to have passed both houses in the form it was originally passed by the Lok Sabha.
When a Money Bill is returned to the Lok Sabha with the recommended amendments of the Rajya Sabha, it is open to the Lok Sabha to accept or reject any or all of the recommendations.
A money bill is deemed to have passed both houses with any recommended amendments the Lok Sabha chooses to accept, and without any that it chooses to decline.
The definition of "Money Bill" is given in Article 110 of the Constitution of India. A financial bill is not a Money Bill unless it fulfills the requirements of Article 110.
The Speaker of the Lok Sabha certifies if a financial bill is a Money Bill or not.[4]
Policy cut motion - disapproval of the given policy. Symbolically, the members demand that the amount of the demand be reduced to 1 INR. They may also suggest an alternative policy.
Economy cut motion - it is demanded that the amount of the policy be reduced by a specified amount.
Token cut motion - used to show specific grievance against the government. Also states that the amount of the demand be reduced by Rs. 100.
A money bill can only be introduced in parliament with prior permission of the President of India.
Finance bill is supposed to be enacted within 75 days (including the Parliament voting and the President assenting).
Money bill cannot be returned by the President to the parliament for its reconsideration, as it is presented in the Lok Sabha with his permission.
The concept of money bills in India came to the forefront during the enactment of the Aadhar Act, 2016. In spite of resistance by the opposition, the Aadhaar Bill was certified as a ‘money bill’ by the Speaker of the Lower House. The Upper House proposed certain amendments, but ultimately the BJP-dominated Lower House rejected the amendments suggested by the Upper House and unilaterally enacted the Aadhar Act, 2016. Immediately thereafter, Jairam Ramesh, a senior Congress leader, challenged the speaker’s decision to treat the Aadhar Bill as a ‘money bill’ before the Supreme Court of India. Article 110(3) of the Constitution of India categorically states that 'if any question arises whether a Bill is a Money Bill or not, the decision of the Speaker of the House of the People thereon shall be final'. Therefore, one of the prime constitutional questions before the Supreme Court is whether it can review the speaker’s certificate classifying a bill as a ‘money bill’. In three prior cases, the Supreme Court of India has refused to review the Speaker's certificate. However, some commentators have argued that the Court's earlier judgements were incorrect and Article 110(3) made the Speaker’s decision "final" for the purpose of the two Houses of the Parliament, not for the Supreme Court of India.[5] This argument is further supported by the fact that in Kihoto Hollohan vs Zachillhu (AIR 1993 SC 412), the "final" decision of the speaker regarding disqualification of members of the House under the Tenth Schedule of the Indian Constitution was held to be a judicial decision subject to judicial review. This suggests that the "final" status given by the Indian constitution does not automatically immune the Indian speaker's decision or certificate from judicial review.[6] In view of this crucial constitutional question, it has been suggested that the Supreme Court in Jairam Ramesh v. Union of India should create a constitution bench of at least nine judges to settle the law on this issue.[7]
Republic of Ireland[edit]
In the Republic of Ireland, the Senate may not delay a money bill (Irish: bille airgid)[8] more than 21 days. The President of Ireland may not refuse to sign a money bill and may not refer such a bill to the Supreme Court to test its constitutionality. Procedures exist for resolution of disputes as to whether a Bill is a money bill. Since the 1922 constitution (as amended by the Constitution (Amendment No. 12) Act 1930) and under the 1937 constitution, such disputes can be resolved by a committee on privileges.
United Kingdom[edit]
In the United Kingdom, section 1(1) of the Parliament Act 1911 provides that the House of Lords may not delay a money bill more than a month. It is at the discretion of the Speaker of the House of Commons to certify which bills are money bills, and his decision is final and is not subject to challenge. Section 1(2) of the Act states:
A Money Bill means a Public Bill which in the opinion of the Speaker of the House of Commons contains only provisions dealing with all or any of the following subjects, namely, the imposition, repeal, remission, alteration, or regulation of taxation; the imposition for the payment of debt or other financial purposes of charges on the Consolidated Fund, the National Loans Fund or on money provided by Parliament, or the variation or repeal of any such charges; supply; the appropriation, receipt, custody, issue or audit of accounts of public money; the raising or guarantee of any loan or the repayment thereof; or subordinate matters incidental to those subjects or any of them. In this subsection the expressions "taxation," "public money," and "loan" respectively do not include any taxation, money, or loan raised by local authorities or bodies for local purposes.[9]
The Parliament Act 1911 was the product of the political crisis of 1909. The People's Budget of 1909 proposed by the House of Commons was rejected by the House of Lords. A government whose budget (that is the Finance Bill) is rejected can only resign or dissolve Parliament, because without money it is impossible to govern. The rejection of the Finance Bill in 1909 by the Lords prompted the then British government to initiate steps to curtail the powers of the House of Lords in this regard. This is evident from the Preamble of the 1911 Act which states: "An Act to make provision with respect to the powers of the House of Lords in relation to those of the House of Commons ...".[10]
The reference to the National Loans Fund was inserted on 1 April 1968[11] by section 1(5) of the National Loans Act 1968.
For this purpose, the expression "Public Bill" does not include any Bill for confirming a Provisional Order.
Bradley and Ewing said that the statutory definition of Money Bill is "strictly interpreted".[12] Most annual Finance Bills have not been certified to be Money Bills.[13][14][15]
Requirements in non-Westminster systems[edit]
United States[edit]
While the United States of America is not a parliamentary democracy, the Origination Clause of the U.S. Constitution requires that all bills raising revenue originate in the House of Representatives, consistent with British constitutional practice; by convention, appropriation bills (bills that spend money) also originate in the House. Unlike in most Westminster systems, there are no limits on the Senate's ability to amend revenue bills or any requirement for the Senate to approve such bills within a certain timeframe. Both appropriations and revenue bills are often referred to as money bills to contrast them with authorization bills. The U.S. Supreme Court in United States v. Munoz-Flores (1990) held that: "A law passed in violation of the Origination Clause would thus be no more immune from judicial scrutiny because it was passed by both Houses and signed by the President than would be a law passed in violation of the First Amendment".[16]
See also[edit]
Appropriation bill
Power of the purse
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Datta, Pratik; Malhotra, Shefali; Tyagi, Shivangi. "Judicial Review and Money Bills". National Institute of Public Finance and Policy Working Paper No. 192. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Constitution of Bangladesh" (PDF). Retrieved 3 December 2011.
Jump up ^ "Rules of the Lok Sabha". Parliamentofindia.nic.in. Retrieved 2016-02-17.
Jump up ^ Datta, Pratik; Malhotra, Shefali; Tyagi, Shivangi. "Judicial Review and Money Bills" (PDF). National Institute of Public Finance and Policy. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Datta, Pratik; Malhotra, Shefali; Tyagi, Shivangi. "Judicial Review and Money Bills" (PDF). National Institute of Public Finance and Policy. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Datta, Pratik; Malhotra, Shefali; Tyagi, Shivangi. "Judicial Review and Money Bills" (PDF). National Institute of Public Finance and Policy. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Arun, T.K. "The Money Bill conundrum: Constitution bench should decide". The Economic Times. Retrieved 6 April 2017.
Jump up ^ https://www.oireachtas.ie/viewdoc.asp?fn=/documents/a-misc/legi.htm
Jump up ^ "Parliament Act 1911". Legislation.gov.uk. Retrieved 2016-02-17.
Jump up ^ Datta, Pratik; Malhotra, Shefali; Tyagi, Shivangi. "Judicial Review and Money Bills". National Institute of Public Finance and Policy Working Paper No. 192. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
Jump up ^ The National Loans Act 1968, section 24(3)
Jump up ^ A W Bradley and K D Ewing, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Twelfth Edition, Longman, 1997, p. 213
Jump up ^ A W Bradley and K D Ewing, Constitutional and Administrative Law, Twelfth Edition, Longman, 1997, pp. 213 and 214
Jump up ^ Erskine May, Parliamentary Practice, 21st Edition, 1989, pp. 751–753 (editor C Gorden)
Jump up ^ Jennings, I. Parliament, Second Edition, 1957
Jump up ^ Datta, Pratik; Malhotra, Shefali; Tyagi, Shivangi. "Judicial Review and Money Bills"[1]. National Institute of Public Finance and Policy Working Paper No. 192. Retrieved 24 March 2017.
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Laconia, New Hampshire
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
City in New Hampshire, United States
Laconia, New Hampshire
City
Main Street in Laconia

Seal
Motto(s): City on the Lakes

Location in Belknap County, New Hampshire
Coordinates: 43°31′39″N 71°28′13″W / 43.52750°N 71.47028°W / 43.52750; -71.47028Coordinates: 43°31′39″N 71°28′13″W / 43.52750°N 71.47028°W / 43.52750; -71.47028
Country
United States
State
New Hampshire
County
Belknap
Incorporated
1855
Villages
Downtown, Lakeport, Weirs Beach
Government
• Type
Council–manager government
• Mayor
Edward Engler
• City Council
Bruce Cheney
David Bownes
Henry D. Lipman
Mark Haynes
Robert Hamel
Andrew Hosmer
• City Manager
Scott Myers
Area
• Total
26.6 sq mi (68.8 km2)
• Land
20.0 sq mi (51.9 km2)
• Water
6.5 sq mi (16.9 km2) 24.54%
Elevation
502 ft (153 m)
Population (2010)
• Total
15,951
• Estimate (2016)[1]
16,470
• Density
821/sq mi (317.1/km2)
Time zone
Eastern (UTC-5)
• Summer (DST)
Eastern (UTC-4)
ZIP codes
03246, 03247, 03249
Area code(s)
603
FIPS code
33-40180
GNIS feature ID
0867917
Website
www.cityoflaconianh.org
Laconia is a city in Belknap County, New Hampshire, United States. The population was 15,951 at the 2010 census,[2] and an estimated 16,470 as of 2016.[1] It is the county seat of Belknap County.[3] Laconia, situated between Lake Winnipesaukee and Winnisquam Lake, includes the villages of Lakeport and Weirs Beach. Each June for nine days beginning on the Saturday of the weekend before Father's Day and ending on Father's Day, the city hosts Laconia Motorcycle Week, also more simply known as 'bike week', one of the country's largest rallies, and each winter, the Laconia World Championship Sled Dog Derby. The city is also the site of the state's annual Pumpkin Festival since 2015, having organized it after its former home of Keene rejected it due to riots in their neighborhoods in 2014.[4] The city also includes one of the colleges of the Community College System of New Hampshire.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Geography
3 Demographics
4 Government
5 Education
6 Culture
6.1 Sports
6.2 Laconia Motorcycle Week
6.3 Laconia Multicultural Festival
6.4 New Hampshire Pumpkin Festival
7 Sites of interest
8 Notable people
9 See also
10 References
11 External links
History[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2012) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Webster Square, c. 1915
A large Abenaki Indian settlement called Acquadocton Village once existed at the point now known as The Weirs, named by colonists for fishing weirs[5] discovered at the outlet of the Winnipesaukee River. Early explorers had hoped to follow the Piscataqua River north to Lake Champlain in search of the great lakes and rivers of Canada mentioned in Indian folklore. About 1652, the Endicott surveying party visited the area, an event commemorated by Endicott Rock, a local landmark. A fort would be built at Laconia in 1746. But ongoing hostilities between the English, French, and their respective Native American allies prevented settlement until 1761, after which it remained for many years a part of Meredith and Gilford called Meredith Bridge.
Beginning in 1765, lumber and grist mills were established on Mill Street, with taverns built soon thereafter on Parade Street. About 1822, the courthouse was built, which would become county seat at the creation of Belknap County in 1840. In 1823, the Belknap Mill was built to manufacture textiles; in operation by 1828, the structure is today a museum listed on the National Register of Historic Places and is the oldest unaltered brick textile mill in the country.[6] Local industry produced lumber, textiles, shoes, hosiery, knitting machinery and needles. But the city's largest employer would be the Laconia Car Company, builder of rail, trolley and subway cars. Started in 1848, it lasted until the 1930s. The railroad entered town in 1849, carrying both freight and an increasing number of summer tourists to popular Weirs Beach.
In 1855, Laconia was incorporated as a town from land in Meredith Bridge, Lakeport, Weirs and part of Gilmanton. The name was probably derived from the old Laconia Company, formed by Captain John Mason and the Masonian Proprietors to sell parcels of land during the colonial era. The Great Fire of 1860 destroyed most of Main Street from Mill to Water streets, followed by the Great Lakeport Fire of 1903, a blaze so fierce that fire companies were brought by train from as far away as Dover. Laconia was incorporated as a city in 1893.
Courthouse, 1906
Railroad station, c. 1910
Panorama of central business district, c. 1910
Bird's-eye view of Laconia, c. 1911
Church Street, c. 1912
Shore Path, c. 1915
Belknap Mills in downtown Laconia, 2008
Geography[edit]
Laconia is located northwest of the geographic center of Belknap County. The city lies at the center of New Hampshire's Lakes Region, and all or part of four major bodies of water lie within its limits: Lake Winnipesaukee, Winnisquam Lake, Opechee Bay and Paugus Bay (sometimes counted as an arm of Winnipesaukee, but historically a separate body of water).
Laconia contains three main villages. Downtown Laconia, where the Belknap County Courthouse is located, can be found in the southern tip of the city, along the Winnipesaukee River between Opechee Bay to the north and Winnisquam Lake to the southwest. Lakeport, located between Opeechee Bay and Paugus Bay, is near the geographic center of the city. Weirs Beach, around the channel connecting Paugus Bay with Lake Winnipesaukee, lies at the northern edge of the city.
U.S. Route 3 passes through parts of the city, bypassing downtown but passing through Weirs Beach. New Hampshire Route 11 bypasses the city in a concurrency with US 3. The two highways lead southwest from Laconia to Tilton and Franklin. New Hampshire Route 11A represents the old routes 11 and 3 through downtown as Court Street and Union Avenue, but then turns east on Gilford Avenue to lead to Gilford and West Alton. New Hampshire Route 106 runs north-south through downtown, leading south to Concord and north to Meredith. New Hampshire Route 107 leads southeast from downtown towards Gilmanton and Pittsfield. Route 107 turns north in downtown and follows Union Avenue (former Route 3) to a junction with US 3 near the north end of the Laconia Bypass. US 3 continues north along the east shore of Paugus Bay, through Weirs Beach and into Meredith. Route 11 leads east from the Laconia Bypass past Glendale and into Alton. New Hampshire Route 11B leads east from Weirs Beach into Gilford.
Laconia Municipal Airport is located just east of the city limits in Gilford.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 26.6 square miles (68.8 km2), of which 20.0 square miles (51.9 km2) are land and 6.5 square miles (16.9 km2) are water, comprising 24.54% of the city.[7] Laconia is drained by the Winnipesaukee River. It is bounded in the southwest by Winnisquam Lake, and by Lake Winnipesaukee in the northeast. Laconia lies fully within the Merrimack River watershed.[8] The highest point in Laconia is a 960-foot (290 m) hill in the northern part of the city, west of Paugus Bay's Pickerel Cove and just east of Route 106.
Demographics[edit]
Historical population
Census
Pop.
%±
1860 1,806 —
1870 2,309 27.9%
1880 3,790 64.1%
1890 6,143 62.1%
1900 8,042 30.9%
1910 10,183 26.6%
1920 10,897 7.0%
1930 12,471 14.4%
1940 13,484 8.1%
1950 14,745 9.4%
1960 15,288 3.7%
1970 14,888 −2.6%
1980 15,575 4.6%
1990 15,743 1.1%
2000 16,411 4.2%
2010 15,951 −2.8%
Est. 2016 16,470 [1] 3.3%
U.S. Decennial Census[9]
As of the census[10] of 2000, there were 16,411 people, 6,724 households, and 4,168 families residing in the city. The population density was 809.3 people per square mile (312.4/km²). There were 8,554 housing units at an average density of 421.8 per square mile (162.9/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 96.79% White, 0.55% African American, 0.41% Native American, 0.73% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.27% from other races, and 1.22% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 0.99% of the population.
There were 6,724 households out of which 28.0% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 46.4% were married couples living together, 11.2% had a female householder with no husband present, and 38.0% were non-families. 30.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 12.3% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.32 and the average family size was 2.87.
In the city, the population was spread out with 22.3% under the age of 18, 8.8% from 18 to 24, 28.1% from 25 to 44, 23.5% from 45 to 64, and 17.2% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39 years. For every 100 females, there were 94.4 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.2 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $37,796, and the median income for a family was $45,307. Males had a median income of $31,714 versus $22,818 for females. The per capita income for the city was $19,540. About 7.5% of families and 8.9% of the population were below the poverty line, including 10.9% of those under age 18 and 5.3% of those age 65 or over.
Government[edit]
Laconia is governed by a mayor-council and city manager system. The Mayor and council are elected in a citywide vote, while the city manager is hired by the council. The council consists of six members who are elected from the six single-member wards.
In the New Hampshire Senate, Laconia is in the 7th District, represented by Republican Harold French. On the New Hampshire Executive Council, Laconia is in the 1st District, represented by Republican Joe Kenney. In the United States House of Representatives, Laconia is in New Hampshire's 1st congressional district, represented by Democrat Carol Shea-Porter.
Education[edit]
Laconia High School, seen from Union Ave.
Laconia's public school system is run by the Laconia School District, School Administrative Unit 30.
Public schools
Laconia School District has one public high school, one middle school and three elementary schools:
Laconia High School
Laconia Middle School (formerly Memorial Middle School)
Elm Street Elementary School
Pleasant Street Elementary School
Woodland Heights Elementary School
Private schools
There are two parochial schools within the city limits of Laconia:
Laconia Christian Academy, serving grades K-12
Holy Trinity Catholic School, serving grades K-8
Post-secondary schools
There is one area institution of higher education with a total enrollment of approximately 1000 students:
Lakes Region Community College
Culture[edit]
Memorial of Keewakwa Abenaki Keenahbeh in Opechee Park, which stands at a height of 36 ft. During the dedication ceremonies in September 1984 more than 3,000 attended, which included an estimated 100 members of the Pennacook tribe.[11]
Sports[edit]
Laconia is home to the Winnipesaukee Muskrats of the New England Collegiate Baseball League (NECBL). The franchise began play in 2010 at Robbie Mills Field in Laconia. Starting in the 2014-15 season, the city will be home to the New Hampshire Fighting Spirit of the Northern States Junior Hockey League (NSHL).[12]
Laconia Motorcycle Week[edit]
Main article: Laconia Motorcycle Week
One of the largest motorcycle rallies in the world takes place in Laconia during nine days in June, ending on Father's Day. Founded in 1923, attendance was 375,000 in 2004 and 188,000 in 2010. Events include races, shows, and a motorcycle hill climb competition.
Laconia Multicultural Festival[edit]
Held annually, the Laconia Multicultural Festival is a community event that highlights the music, arts, crafts and cuisine of authentic cultural artists to celebrate diversity. The festival was created by former Mayor Matthew Lahey and former Police Chief Bill Baker in 2000.
New Hampshire Pumpkin Festival[edit]
Main article: New Hampshire Pumpkin Festival
After the city council of Keene, New Hampshire, rejected the permit for their annual Pumpkin Festival to be held there following riots in the city's neighborhoods in 2014, it was announced that Laconia would host the festival for the city's first time in 2015.[4] The twenty-fifth New Hampshire Pumpkin Fest was held on October 24, 2015, with fewer than ten thousand jack-o'-lanterns lit.[13] The festival has continued to be held in Laconia annually since.
Sites of interest[edit]
Belknap Mill Society Museum
Gale Memorial Library
Funspot Family Fun Center, named "Largest Arcade in the World" by Guinness World Records; home of the International Classic Video & Pinball Tournament
Lake Winnipesaukee Historical Society Museum
Robbie Mills Field, home of the Laconia Muskrats of the New England Collegiate Baseball League
Weirs Beach, New Hampshire
Notable people[edit]
Charles A. Busiel, 45th governor of New Hampshire; mayor of Laconia
Pearl Chertok, professional harpist and composer; born in Laconia (1918)
Connie Converse (1924- ), disappeared singer-songwriter
Chas Guldemond, snowboarder; two time bronze medalist in the X Games
Doris "Granny D" Haddock, activist; walked 3,200 miles across the US to advocate for campaign finance reform
Fletcher Hale, U.S. congressman (1925-1931)
John Adams Harper, U.S. congressman (1811-1813)
Martin Alonzo Haynes, U.S. congressman (1883-1887)
Ellery Albee Hibbard, U.S. congressman (1871-1873)
Joseph Oliva Huot, U.S. congressman (1965-1967), born in Laconia (1917)
Tony Lavelli (1926-1998), small forward with the Boston Celtics and New York Knicks
Thomas J. McIntyre, U.S. senator (1962–1979), born in Laconia
Penny Pitou, first U.S. Olympic skier to win a medal in an Olympic downhill event (1960)
Claude Rains, actor; died in Laconia (1967)
Paul W. K. Rothemund, 2007 recipient of a MacArthur Fellowship
Daniel E. Somes, U.S. congressman from Maine (1856–1858)
Dawn Zimmer, mayor of Hoboken, New Jersey (2009–present)
See also[edit]
Laconia, in Greece
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved June 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ United States Census Bureau, American FactFinder, 2010 Census figures. Retrieved March 23, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Find a County". National Association of Counties. Retrieved 2011-06-07.
^ Jump up to: a b Sexton, Adam (April 24, 2015). "It's official: Laconia will host this year's pumpkin festival". WMUR-TV. Retrieved September 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Illustrated Laconian: History and Industries of Laconia, N. H. (Descriptive of the City and Its Manufacturing and Business Interests)".
Jump up ^ National Trust for Historic Preservation. "Historic Belknap Mill". Retrieved July 27, 2016
Jump up ^ "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001) - Laconia city, New Hampshire". U.S. Census Bureau American Factfinder. Retrieved November 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ Foster, Debra H.; Batorfalvy, Tatianna N.; Medalie, Laura (1995). Water Use in New Hampshire: An Activities Guide for Teachers. U.S. Department of the Interior and U.S. Geological Survey.
Jump up ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved 2008-01-31.
Jump up ^ "Keewakwa Abenaki Keenahbeh - Whispering Giant Sculptures on Waymarking.com". Groundspeak, Inc. June 28, 2006. Retrieved 2016-09-13.
Jump up ^ Staff (March 14, 2014). "Fighting Spirit Laconia bound: Northern States Hockey League team will call Ice Arena home next winter". Retrieved June 2, 2014.
Jump up ^ Paula Tracy; Kristen Carosa (October 25, 2015). "First Laconia Pumpkin Fest does not break Keene's world record". WMUR.com. WMUR-TV. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
External links[edit]
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Laconia.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Laconia, New Hampshire.
City of Laconia official website
Laconia Public Library
New Hampshire Economic and Labor Market Information Bureau Profile
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Places adjacent to Laconia, New Hampshire
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