text:
Local Housing Allowance
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Local Housing Allowance (LHA) was introduced on 7 April 2008 to provide Housing Benefit entitlement for tenants renting private sector accommodation in England, Scotland and Wales. The LHA system introduced significant changes to the way Housing Benefit (HB) levels are restricted and how benefit is paid. It did not replace Housing Benefit - it is just a different way of calculating entitlement under the existing Housing Benefit scheme: the Local Housing Allowance is based on the 30th percentile of local rented accommodation.[1] LHA rates relate to the area in which the housing benefit claim is made.[2] These areas are called Broad Rental Market Areas, defined as "where a person could reasonably be expected to live taking into account access to facilities and services."[2]
LHA rates were set up so as to ensure tenants in similar circumstances and areas could claim similar amounts; ie based on their needs rather than based on their property,[3] and so that in advance it was possible to know for an area how much rent could be covered by housing benefit.[3] However it was found after LHA's first limited implementation in 9 Broad Rental Market Areas that rent levels rose more rapidly in those areas - particularly in those parts of these areas where previously the price was lowest[4] - resulting in criticism that LHA could increase homelessness and remove the poor and unemployed from areas in which they could more easily find work, or find access to vital services related to disability needs.[5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Operation of Local Housing Allowance
2.1 Concepts and terminology
3 Eligibility
4 Transition arrangements
5 Council and Housing Association tenants
6 Direct payments
7 LHA Rates
7.1 Bedroom Requirement
7.2 Market Rental Areas
8 Appeals
9 Criticisms
10 Disability issues
11 See also
12 Notes
13 External links
Background[edit]
In October 2002 the Government announced the introduction of the Local Housing Allowance (LHA) to replace existing Housing Benefit rent restrictions for private tenants. Local Housing Allowance uses the same regulations as the existing scheme. LHA is means tested and tapered in exactly the same way as Housing Benefit - however, the eligible rent is fixed for a household of a given size in a given region. This region will include many towns. Housing Benefit is not normally restricted below the advertised LHA rate; up until 2009 a tenant moving into accommodation cheaper than the LHA rate was allowed to keep the difference, after 2009 this was limited to a maximum of £15.
Local Housing Allowance was introduced starting in November 2003 as part of a wider review of Housing Benefit regulations in nine 'Pathfinder' or pilot areas: Blackpool, Brighton & Hove, Conwy, Coventry, Edinburgh, Leeds, Lewisham, North East Lincolnshire and Teignbridge - starting in Blackpool in 2003.[6] From April 2005 a further nine councils started to implement the LHA, starting with Wandsworth, followed by East Riding, St Helens, Argyll and Bute, South Norfolk, Norwich, Pembrokeshire, Guildford and Salford.
An evaluation of the operation of the LHA was commissioned by the Department for Work and Pensions, and carried out by The Centre for Housing Policy,[7] working as part of a consortium of universities, together with the National Centre for Social Research.
Operation of Local Housing Allowance[edit]
Housing Benefit is a means tested social security benefit in the UK that is intended to help people with low incomes pay for rented accommodation. It is governed by various acts of Parliament - see, for example, The Social Security Contributions and Benefits Act 1992 . Operationally, the governing Regulations are statutory instruments arising from that Act. It is governed by one of two sets of regulations. For working age claimants it is governed by the Housing Benefit Regulations 2006, but for those who have reached the qualifying age for Pension Credit, these are amended by The LHA and Information Sharing Regulations. The legislation to enable Local Housing Allowance was introduced under the Welfare Reform Act which received Royal Assent in May 2007. This provided for the national application of the LHA regime on 7 April 2008 and the introduction of the Employment Support Allowance, which replaced Incapacity Benefit.
The LHA system is a form of housing benefit administered, along with council tax benefit, by the local authority in whose area the property being rented lies. For those areas where there is two-tier local government Housing Benefit is administered by the district or borough council layer of local government.
Unlike the previous schemes, the claimant is normally unable to request that payments of benefits are made to their landlord, although they may be made to a third party. Exceptions may be made where the tenant has a history of not paying rent or is not sufficiently able to handle their affairs. Decisions on this are subject to a council operated safeguarding policy which may be requested from the local authority.
In all cases a landlord must be paid the rent (without any excess) if the tenant is more than 8 weeks in arrears. This will continue until the arrears are below 8 weeks.
LHA does not currently affect:
council tenancies
most tenancies with registered social landlords
tenancies that started before 15 January 1989
benefit claims that are treated as under the rules in operation prior to 2 January 1996 because of care, support, or supervision being provided by certain categories of not for profit landlord.
Concepts and terminology[edit]
Broad Rental Market Areas - A BRMA is an area 'within which a person could reasonably be expected to live having regard to facilities and services for the purposes of health, education, recreation, personal banking and shopping, taking account of the distance of travel by public and private transport, to and from facilities and services of the same type and similar standard.' It must contain a variety of residential property types held a variety of tenancies. It must also contain 'distinct areas of residential accommodation'.[8]
The BRMAs, which decide how much benefit can be paid, have been criticised by the House of Lords, in the Heffernan case (R (Heffernan) v The Rent Service [2008] UKHL 58)[9] and by Shelter.
Eligibility[edit]
Housing Benefit is available only to those who are treated as liable to pay rent, have permanent right to reside in the UK and pass the habitual residence test.
Transition arrangements[edit]
In the main only new claims and tenants who move into a private assured shorthold tenancy will be paid Local Housing Allowance.
In the Pathfinder and Second Wave Group of Local Authorities (those detailed in the section above), any tenant who would have received less Housing Benefit under the LHA rules than under their previous scheme had their prior eligible rent protected until their LHA figure is higher than the benefit allowed under the previous scheme, after which time their eligible rent switches to that set under the LHA rules.
Initially, where the LHA amount was more than the actual rent paid, the claimant was permitted to keep any excess Housing Benefit paid over and above their rental liability. The rules have been amended for the national roll out of LHA so that claimants will only be awarded a maximum LHA of £15 per week over and above their actual rent if they find a property cheaper than their applicable LHA rate. Any existing claimant in the Pathfinder/Second Wave Group authorities who receives more than this amount under the existing rules will also have this extra protected for 52 weeks, after which time the £15 maximum excess will apply. As part of the 2009 Budget, the Secretary of State for Work and Pensions proposed to amend the Housing Benefit regulations from 5 April 2010 so that the up to £15 weekly excess that customers can receive over and above their contractual rent is removed. This will mean that no claimant can receive more in Housing Benefit than they actually pay out in rent.[10] This proposal would remove the incentives for tenants to seek less-expensive accommodation which was one of the primary rationales for the roll-out of Local Housing Allowance. Coupled with the removal of the supervisory role formerly played by the local rent officer, this raises questions about the long-term sustainability of the programme.
Where the landlord is a not for profit company (or voluntary organisation), a Registered Social Landlord or a Local Council that provides care support or supervision, they will be exempt from Local Housing Allowance and will fall under the housing benefit rules in operation prior to 2 January 1996.
Council and Housing Association tenants[edit]
The LHA does not currently apply to council tenants and most housing association tenants but, from April 2013, a reduction in eligible rent for those of working age under-occupying their home will apply. This will reduce the rent on which benefit is paid by 14% for those with one extra bedroom and 25% for those with two or more.
Direct payments[edit]
LHA will only be paid directly to the landlord if there are exceptional reasons - e.g. if the tenant is unable to handle their financial affairs, has a bad history of paying landlords or is more than 8 weeks in arrears. If the tenant is in arrears by more than 8 weeks, benefit must be paid to the landlord.
LHA Rates[edit]
The amount of LHA awarded depends on:
the number of bedrooms deemed to be required by the claimant, and
the region in which they live (called the Broad Rental Market Area) which determines the market level of rents within this area.
the percentile chosen by LHA rules as applicable - currently this is set at the 30th percentile[11] meaning the rate is set amongst the lower rental rates for a wide region that includes many towns. If the tenant lives in a town with a higher than average rent, the lower 30th percentile rent for the region as a whole is still applied. Or,
the previous LHA amount for that area, whichever is lower (this will be the case in many areas due to a freeze in the LHA rates from April 2016). Or,
the national maximum weekly rents, which for 2015 are:[12]
– £260.64 for one room, shared accommodation
– £260.64 for one bedroom exclusive use
– £302.33 for 2 bedroom accommodation
– £354.46 for 3 bedroom accommodation
– £417.02 for 4 bedroom accommodation
Bedroom Requirement[edit]
Local Housing Allowance will be calculated on the number of rooms the claimant's household needs not the number of rooms in the property or the amount of rent charged.
The number of bedrooms needed is based on the number, age and sex of people who live in the claimant's household. The bedroom requirement is calculated as follows:
one bedroom for the claimant and partner (over 16 - including same sex couples)
one bedroom for other person aged 16 or over
one bedroom for any two children of the same sex aged under 16
one bedroom for any two children regardless of sex who are less than ten years old
one bedroom for any other child
If the claimant is single and aged under 35, the category of property considered appropriate is a bedroom in shared accommodation. This means a property in which the claimant has the exclusive use of one bedroom, but shares one or more of a kitchen, a bathroom, a toilet or a room suitable for living in.
The maximum LHA rate covers a four bedroom property.
Market Rental Areas[edit]
The old way of setting fair rents for an area involved rent officers assessing each property, and a maximum Local Reference Rent set to reflect the maximum 'reasonable' rent for the area. Under LHA, Broad Market Rental Areas (BMRA) have been defined, and rent officers attempt to determine a median rent level which is intended to give Housing Benefit recipients access to roughly the cheapest 30% of the properties available to rent in any given region. This includes many towns.[13]
For definition of Broad Market Rental Area, see Concepts and terminology section above.
The table below gives the weekly rates that apply from 1 April 2016 to 31 March 2017.[14]
Due to the rates being frozen in 2016, in many areas the 30th percentile is now higher than the LHA rate. Key: the rates in the yellow cells are £10 or more per week less than the 30th percentile; in the light orange cells the difference is £20 or more per week; and in the orange cells the difference is £30 or more per week.
[show]BRMA
Room
1 Bedroom
2 Bedrooms
3 Bedrooms
4 Bedrooms
Ashford £67.10 £119.09 £145.43 £168.00 £223.63
Aylesbury £72.76 £123.58 £153.02 £198.43 £291.34
Barnsley £56.58 £72.72 £87.41 £99.79 £136.93
Barrow-in-Furness £63.25 £78.00 £92.05 £110.47 £136.93
Basingstoke £68.17 £134.02 £161.98 £192.28 £266.65
Bath £72.49 £135.74 £167.23 £189.86 £291.90
Bedford £62.18 £103.02 £133.32 £156.38 £209.07
Birmingham £57.34 £98.87 £120.29 £132.00 £173.41
Black Country £60.00 £86.30 £104.89 £120.29 £151.50
Blackwater Valley £79.92 £141.24 £176.56 £210.70 £312.00
Bolton and Bury £48.67 £84.00 £98.96 £114.84 £143.84
Bournemouth £65.48 £123.58 £153.02 £188.79 £253.15
Bradford & South Dales £58.26 £80.55 £97.81 £111.83 £123.58
Brighton and Hove £82.66 £153.02 £192.48 £230.28 £339.36
Bristol £67.37 £121.19 £151.50 £175.74 £242.33
Bury St Edmunds £64.14 £102.25 £126.31 £150.36 £216.00
Cambridge £80.52 £126.05 £140.74 £168.45 £218.16
Canterbury £74.62 £123.86 £154.82 £180.45 £280.60
Central Greater Manchester £67.20 £101.98 £119.98 £133.32 £186.47
Central Lancs £53.67 £89.46 £109.32 £126.58 £161.10
Central London £136.52 £260.64 £302.33 £354.46 £417.02
Central Norfolk & Norwich £61.45 £92.98 £116.52 £135.36 £184.11
Chelmsford £69.04 £126.00 £151.50 £185.29 £231.92
Cheltenham £67.08 £111.83 £143.34 £174.43 £240.59
Cherwell Valley £72.50 £126.27 £157.56 £187.87 £248.35
Chesterfield £50.94 £80.55 £97.81 £113.92 £149.59
Chichester £73.58 £134.02 £168.00 £198.11 £268.03
Chilterns £73.64 £145.43 £182.45 £236.34 £344.05
Colchester £64.78 £103.56 £132.32 £161.10 £204.49
Coventry £65.65 £92.05 £111.48 £128.19 £170.67
Crawley & Reigate £79.55 £151.50 £185.81 £222.54 £309.67
Darlington £59.28 £75.00 £90.90 £107.11 £149.17
Derby £58.82 £84.75 £103.56 £117.70 £149.59
Doncaster £55.12 £78.08 £93.23 £103.56 £143.84
Dover-Shepway £59.09 £86.30 £115.07 £143.84 £168.00
Durham £63.50 £74.79 £86.30 £97.81 £138.08
East Cheshire £70.90 £103.56 £130.03 £168.00 £249.60
East Lancs £53.50 £80.03 £90.90 £103.56 £142.80
East Thames Valley £75.51 £151.50 £193.92 £244.89 £334.43
Eastbourne £67.00 £116.53 £151.50 £182.45 £235.34
Eastern Staffordshire £60.04 £81.58 £103.56 £123.58 £162.40
Exeter £74.34 £116.52 £141.24 £164.79 £218.63
Fylde Coast £61.50 £85.00 £113.92 £130.00 £150.00
Gloucester £68.18 £92.05 £122.36 £147.13 £187.14
Grantham & Newark £59.04 £75.78 £99.06 £110.72 £156.00
Greater Liverpool £57.77 £90.90 £104.60 £119.67 £156.00
Grimsby £52.50 £75.00 £92.05 £99.04 £129.47
Guildford £84.04 £170.67 £222.96 £268.03 £345.21
Halifax £64.64 £80.55 £97.81 £115.07 £149.59
Harlow & Stortford £68.08 £133.32 £164.79 £198.11 £279.69
Harrogate £68.35 £110.72 £136.93 £161.10 £216.52
Herefordshire £56.50 £92.05 £117.37 £135.19 £163.16
High Weald £77.39 £135.36 £176.56 £223.19 £336.82
Hull & East Riding £60.80 £69.73 £86.30 £103.56 £132.33
Huntingdon £63.50 £104.89 £126.00 £150.40 £198.11
Inner East London £102.09 £257.35 £302.33 £354.46 £417.02
Inner North London £97.83 £260.64 £302.33 £354.46 £417.02
Inner South East London £95.18 £204.08 £265.29 £330.72 £417.02
Inner South West London £94.38 £253.82 £302.33 £354.46 £417.02
Inner West London £110.54 £243.18 £302.33 £354.46 £417.02
Ipswich £57.34 £90.64 £111.83 £129.47 £174.43
Isle of Wight £68.50 £93.13 £121.97 £149.59 £184.11
Kendal £62.50 £96.91 £123.58 £145.67 £174.81
Kernow West £67.00 £104.89 £132.32 £151.50 £185.29
Kings Lynn £53.67 £90.64 £112.21 £129.47 £163.16
Kirklees £55.00 £80.55 £96.91 £113.92 £149.59
Lancaster £57.48 £90.90 £115.07 £132.32 £145.43
Leeds £62.48 £100.05 £122.36 £151.50 £199.94
Leicester £59.00 £86.30 £109.32 £126.58 £163.16
Lincoln £58.90 £81.58 £100.22 £115.07 £148.01
Lincolnshire Fens £58.38 £88.28 £110.67 £129.47 £153.02
Lowestoft & Great Yarmouth £64.50 £86.23 £104.89 £117.70 £149.17
Luton £62.44 £111.83 £142.44 £169.68 £204.49
Maidstone £68.28 £123.58 £157.56 £180.45 £235.41
Medway & Swale £65.66 £110.67 £138.08 £153.02 £198.11
Mendip £69.08 £93.23 £123.58 £153.02 £184.11
Mid & East Devon £66.70 £96.96 £126.31 £151.50 £192.28
Mid & West Dorset £66.70 £105.94 £136.93 £161.10 £200.09
Mid Staffs £66.70 £90.90 £113.92 £129.47 £170.67
Milton Keynes £69.73 £121.19 £151.50 £174.81 £223.63
Newbury £73.67 £123.58 £156.38 £188.33 £264.00
North Cheshire £48.87 £92.05 £109.32 £126.58 £174.81
North Cornwall & Devon Borders £66.70 £93.23 £120.06 £139.84 £168.00
North Cumbria £58.90 £80.55 £94.36 £112.77 £141.24
North Devon £63.25 £92.05 £115.07 £138.08 £168.46
North Nottingham £58.41 £72.72 £92.98 £103.56 £145.43
North West Kent £70.84 £124.69 £153.02 £174.43 £242.40
North West London £87.40 £185.81 £242.33 £303.00 £374.40
Northampton £66.32 £100.05 £126.31 £139.84 £187.14
Northants Central £52.24 £82.40 £105.94 £123.58 £164.79
Northumberland £65.65 £74.15 £87.45 £103.56 £138.08
Nottingham £66.74 £90.90 £108.26 £120.29 £151.50
Oldham & Rochdale £55.90 £83.91 £97.81 £113.92 £149.59
Outer East London £76.56 £181.80 £229.58 £286.98 £331.61
Outer North East London £75.15 £155.57 £192.62 £242.40 £312.77
Outer North London £90.64 £199.68 £255.34 £315.12 £388.65
Outer South East London £84.27 £161.02 £198.11 £242.40 £312.77
Outer South London £82.46 £167.22 £210.57 £279.14 £344.38
Outer South West London £84.91 £209.77 £280.60 £336.96 £417.02
Outer West London £82.41 £175.74 £222.96 £272.50 £318.00
Oxford £80.55 £158.90 £192.48 £230.14 £299.18
Peaks & Dales £67.93 £90.21 £110.72 £128.19 £168.00
Peterborough £57.15 £92.05 £115.07 £132.32 £168.41
Plymouth £71.21 £94.16 £122.36 £145.43 £182.45
Portsmouth £69.04 £116.53 £144.36 £172.60 £240.00
Reading £78.78 £153.02 £188.33 £221.79 £315.12
Richmond & Hambleton £68.35 £90.90 £113.92 £128.19 £161.10
Rotherham £58.50 £79.40 £96.96 £101.00 £138.08
Rugby & East £62.12 £92.06 £116.52 £134.02 £182.96
Salisbury £67.84 £115.07 £143.84 £172.60 £228.99
Scarborough £58.59 £80.55 £103.56 £124.77 £136.93
Scunthorpe £53.50 £74.59 £92.05 £104.89 £134.02
Sheffield £63.52 £94.80 £107.11 £116.53 £156.00
Shropshire £68.81 £87.41 £109.32 £129.47 £170.67
Solihull £69.05 £116.53 £149.59 £172.60 £230.14
South Cheshire £54.60 £84.84 £109.32 £126.58 £172.60
South Devon £63.50 £96.91 £128.19 £153.02 £192.24
South East Herts £74.79 £146.57 £186.46 £230.28 £293.79
South West Essex £63.50 £128.19 £161.26 £188.33 £266.65
South West Herts £78.50 £156.00 £196.96 £240.00 £358.80
Southampton £67.50 £116.53 £156.38 £184.49 £242.40
Southend £66.78 £116.52 £151.50 £186.47 £240.00
Southern Greater Manchester £57.84 £102.25 £128.19 £151.78 £200.09
Southport £69.33 £91.43 £120.82 £139.84 £172.60
St Helens £59.84 £80.55 £97.81 £113.92 £153.02
Staffordshire North £52.02 £80.55 £90.90 £109.32 £139.84
Stevenage & North Herts £72.04 £122.36 £155.37 £186.46 £238.80
Sunderland £45.00 £88.00 £97.81 £109.32 £138.08
Sussex East £69.77 £92.05 £120.29 £159.95 £195.62
Swindon £60.04 £103.44 £127.51 £157.56 £198.11
Tameside & Glossop £56.58 £86.30 £103.56 £126.58 £156.38
Taunton & West Somerset £64.14 £92.05 £120.82 £145.67 £184.11
Teesside £57.34 £83.78 £97.81 £114.00 £149.59
Thanet £63.27 £80.73 £116.52 £144.36 £172.60
Tyneside £60.00 £90.90 £103.56 £115.07 £149.59
Wakefield £55.00 £86.30 £103.56 £113.92 £151.50
Walton £84.84 £173.41 £221.72 £276.67 £382.64
Warwickshire South £69.77 £119.09 £150.36 £181.80 £246.50
West Cheshire £64.48 £99.06 £120.82 £138.08 £186.47
West Cumbria £63.25 £79.24 £92.05 £104.89 £134.02
West Pennine £62.40 £78.00 £85.00 £99.04 £137.31
West Wiltshire £67.37 £100.05 £125.94 £156.00 £204.37
Weston-S-Mare £66.50 £97.81 £122.36 £150.00 £184.11
Wigan £57.57 £80.55 £96.23 £109.32 £149.59
Winchester £75.19 £148.30 £182.45 £211.87 £312.77
Wirral £60.99 £86.30 £103.56 £126.58 £140.62
Wolds and Coast £64.67 £75.00 £93.23 £110.72 £128.47
Worcester North £61.45 £92.05 £117.70 £133.32 £176.56
Worcester South £70.32 £99.06 £128.19 £153.02 £188.33
Worthing £69.19 £120.06 £153.02 £185.29 £246.00
Yeovil £61.45 £92.05 £121.97 £145.67 £189.96
York £67.09 £98.96 £123.58 £141.24 £200.09
Appeals[edit]
All Housing Benefit decisions of a Local Authority are subject to appeal through the Tribunals service. There is no direct right of appeal against the LHA rate awarded to an individual tenant, or the local rent level specified by the rent officer for the Broad Rental Market Areas. However, their decisions are open to Judicial Review and they have already been subject to challenge.
Criticisms[edit]
Questions of fairness of the Local Housing Allowance system were raised when it was revealed in October 2008 that a family in the London borough of Ealing was receiving £150,000 a year in Local Housing Allowance to rent a 7 bedroom property.[15] As the Brown government acknowledged in the 2009 Budget, families on benefit might be significantly better off than low income families who are not eligible for housing benefits. "Indications [...] are that some claimants may be able to afford accommodation that is out of reach of working families on low incomes. Furthermore, costs of Housing Benefit have been rising above inflation despite static caseloads."[16] The transition from the old housing benefit system to Local Housing Allowance significantly increased payments available for larger houses in some areas, as can be seen by comparing the Local Reference Rent calculated by the Valuation Office Agency, which served as the basis for determining the old housing benefit, against the current Local Housing Allowance. As an example, the Local Reference Rent for the largest type of house in the East Thames Valley locality in March 2009 was £328.85 per week, while the Local Housing Allowance for a similar property in the same area was £646.15 per week, an increase of £16,500 per year.[17][18] However, the maximum that claimants can now claim Local Housing Allowance for under the coalition government is £400 a week, for a maximum of a four bedroom property. Regional variations also apply meaning that the maximum in areas with low rent prices LHA maximum will be much much lower than £400 a week.[19]
A 2014 report examined the impacts of the changes to LHA rates introduced by the coalition government, in the context of London’s higher housing costs. The study found that lowering LHA rates always makes a household worse off, as measured by its disposable income after working. Another criticism of lowering LHA rates is that they do nothing to improve the incentive to enter paid work. The report was commissioned by Shelter, published by New Policy Institute and funded by Trust for London.[20]
Disability issues[edit]
By definition, disabled people have needs that others do not. For example, a person might not be able to drive and therefore may not be able to live far away from active sections of the public transport network, where accommodation is cheaper. Few houses and maisonettes have lifts, which means that people who use mobility aids need ground floor accommodation; similarly those who use assistance dogs need a garden or yard where the animal can toilet. In contrast to the bottom 30%/30th percentile rent figure used in LHA, access to public transport, ground floor and garden accommodation has a premium. Disabled people therefore face the difficulty of finding accommodation with premium features at 'bottom 30%' prices. There are no exceptions for LHA rates for disabled people: one rule awards an additional LHA room allowance but only for people who can satisfy the requirement of needing overnight care once every fortnight. Someone who cannot drive, uses a wheelchair and needs an assistance dog might need access to public transport, a garden and ground floor accommodation, but their LHA rate is calculated just the same as a person who can drive, has no wheelchair or assistance animal. Consideration of proximity of carers, friends or relatives is also not a justifiable reason to live in a certain area, no matter how often a person might need assistance during the day.
See also[edit]
Housing Benefit
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ "Housing benefit: How does it work?". 9 November 2011 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
^ Jump up to: a b "Understanding Local Housing Allowances rates & Broad Rental Market Areas - Publications - GOV.UK".
^ Jump up to: a b "Local Housing Allowance — Homeless Link". 20 August 2008. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ http://www.york.ac.uk/media/chp/documents/2008/LHAfinal-hsglabourmkts.pdf
Jump up ^ "Housing benefit changes: Who will be affected?". 31 March 2011 – via www.bbc.co.uk.
Jump up ^ "Local Housing Allowance". Homeless Link. Archived from the original on 20 August 2008.
Jump up ^ This study was collated by Dave Rhodes, Julie Rugg, Steve Wilcox at the University of York - see "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2010-11-03. Retrieved 2008-10-28.
Jump up ^ Department for Work and Pensions. (2009) "Supporting people into work: the next stage of Housing Benefit reform" Retrieved on 2011-11-31
Jump up ^ Department, Law Lords. "House of Lords - R (On The Application of Heffernan) (Fc) V The Rent Service".
Jump up ^ Department for Work and Pensions, Changes to the Local Housing Allowance Consultation on draft regulations June 2009
Jump up ^ Gov.uk. "Understanding local housing allowances rates & broad rental market areas". https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/understanding-local-housing-allowances-rates-broad-rental-market-areas. External link in |website= (help); Missing or empty |url= (help); |access-date= requires |url= (help)
Jump up ^ Gov.uk (30 January 2015). Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rates applicable from April 2015 – March 2016. Retrieved on 19 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Government White Paper: Supporting people into work: the next stage of Housing Benefit reform, December 2009
Jump up ^ Valuation Office Agency. Local Housing Allowance (LHA) rates applicable from April 2016 – March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Arrange your housing allowance! without DigiD". 1 December 2009. Retrieved 14 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Budget 2009, Building Britain's Future, section 5.32, page 97
Jump up ^ VOA website, Local Reference Rents Archived 2010-06-11 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Calculate how many bedrooms you are eligible for : DirectGov - LHA Rates".
Jump up ^ "Housing Benefit - GOV.UK".
Jump up ^ "Can the changes to LHA achieve their aims in London's housing market? - Publication - Trust for London".
External links[edit]
Local housing allowance advice from Shelter
[show]
v
t
e
State benefits in the United Kingdom
Current
Income assistance
Working age
Working Tax Credit
Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA)
Income Support
Carer's Allowance
Employment and Support Allowance
Flexible Support Fund (FSF)
Old age
State Pension
Pension Credit
Disability relief
Disability Living Allowance
Personal Independence Payment
Attendance Allowance
Child support
Child Benefit
Child Maintenance
Child Tax Credit
Combination
Universal Credit
Other
Bereavement Benefit
Housing Benefit
Ambiguous
Education Maintenance Allowance (abolished in England only)
Former
Council Tax Benefit
Incapacity Benefit
National Assistance
Severe Disablement Allowance
Supplementary Benefit
Invalidity Benefit
Sickness Benefit
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Local_Housing_Allowance&oldid=825320611"
Categories:
Affordable housing
Pensions and benefits in the United Kingdom
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown
CS1 errors: external links
Pages using web citations with no URL
Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL
Webarchive template wayback links
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 12 February 2018, at 19:00.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: sup

values: Edit section: Operation of Local Housing Allowance

values:
/wiki/Statutory_instruments
mw-redirect
Statutory instruments

values:
/wiki/Employment_Support_Allowance
mw-redirect
Employment Support Allowance

values:
/wiki/Housing_benefit
mw-redirect
Housing benefit

values:
/wiki/Council_tax
mw-redirect
Council tax

values:
/wiki/Assured_shorthold
mw-redirect
Assured shorthold

values: Edit section: Council and Housing Association tenants

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values: wikitable collapsible collapsed sortable jquery-tablesorter

values: Category:CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/uk-12674409

values: Template talk:UK benefits (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Working_tax_credit
mw-redirect
Working tax credit

values:
/wiki/UK_State_Pension
mw-redirect
UK State Pension

values:
/wiki/Child_Tax_Credit
mw-redirect
Child Tax Credit

values:
/wiki/Bereavement_Benefit
mw-redirect
Bereavement Benefit

values:
/wiki/Council_Tax_Benefit
mw-redirect
Council Tax Benefit

values:
/wiki/Invalidity_Benefit
mw-redirect
Invalidity Benefit

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Category:Pensions and benefits in the United Kingdom

values: Category:Pages using web citations with no URL

values: Category:Pages using citations with accessdate and no URL

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Local_Housing_Allowance
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Local_Housing_Allowance rootpage-Local_Housing_Allowance skin-vector action-view


text:
Joseph Campanella
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Joseph Campanella
Campanella in The Nurses, 1965
Born
Joseph Anthony Campanella
(1924-11-21) November 21, 1924 (age 92)
Lewistown, Pennsylvania
Occupation
Actor
Years active
1952–2009
Spouse(s)
Kathryn Jill Bartholomew (m. 1964)
Joseph Anthony Campanella (born November 21, 1924) is an American character actor who has appeared in more than 200 television and film roles since the early 1950s.
Contents
[hide]
1 Career
2 Personal life
3 Filmography
4 References
5 External links
Career[edit]
This section of a biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (April 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Campanella was born in Lewistown, Pennsylvania to Philip and Mary O. Campanella, immigrants from Sicily. He appeared in such television shows as Combat, Decoy, The Eleventh Hour, The Doctors (1963), The Fugitive, Mission: Impossible, Marcus Welby, M.D., Gunsmoke, The Big Valley, Alias Smith and Jones, The Untouchables, Police Story, The Road West, The Invaders, The Mary Tyler Moore Show, Rockford Files, The Golden Girls, and Mama's Family.
He had a recurring role from 1959-62 as a criminal named Joe Turino on the long-running CBS daytime drama The Guiding Light. He had a role in 1967 as Lew Wickersham in the television series Mannix as Joe Mannix's boss and friend, before the PI started his own firm. Campanella appeared as attorney Brian Darrell from 1969-72 in The Bold Ones: The Lawyers. Campanella played Los Angeles County Sheriff's Department Captain Monty Ballard in the crime drama TV movie Sky Heist in 1975.
He played Ann Romano's ex-husband, Ed Cooper, in eight episodes of One Day at a Time (1975–1984) and Barbara Stanwyck's love interest in the first season (1985–1986) of Aaron Spelling's short-lived Dynasty spinoff, The Colbys. He appeared in a second-season episode of The Golden Girls as a detective and a seventh-season episode of "Star Trek: Voyager." He had a prominent role as Harper Deveraux on the soap opera Days of Our Lives from 1987 to 1988, had a recurring role as a doctor in "Beauty and the Beast" (1989-1990), and a recurring role on The Bold and the Beautiful from 1996 to 2005.
Campanella hosted the Canadian educational program Science International between 1976–79, which aired on Nickelodeon as What Will They Think Of Next? He appeared in the independent comedy, For Heaven's Sake.[citation needed]
On Broadway, Campanella was featured in three productions. His first, The Captains and the Kings, opened in January 1962 and lasted only seven performances. In February 1962, he was cast in A Gift of Time with Henry Fonda and Olivia de Havilland. The show was written and directed by Garson Kanin, and Campanella received a Tony nomination as Best Featured Actor in a Play. His last Broadway performance was in the musical Hot Spot in 1963, which starred Judy Holliday.[1] The show was not well received and delayed its opening four times, resulting in a run of 58 previews and 43 regular performances.[2]
He formerly provided the voice-over for BMW commercials in the United States, intoning, "BMW... the ultimate driving machine." For several years beginning in the 1970s, Campanella was a spokesman for Napa Auto Parts.[3][4]
Campanella voiced the character of Dr. Curt Connors/The Lizard on Spider-Man: The Animated Series (1994–97). He narrated the Discover science series on the Disney Channel from 1992-94.
Personal life[edit]
Campanella's father, Philip, an immigrant from Sicily, was an early member of the American Federation of Musicians. Campanella himself served in the United States Navy during World War II, becoming one of its youngest commanders. He later graduated from Manhattan College in 1948, and attended Columbia University, where he studied drama.[5] Joseph Campanella is the younger brother of actor Frank Campanella, who died in December 2006.[6] [7]
Filmography[edit]
The Young Lovers (1964)
The St. Valentine's Day Massacre (1967)
Ben (1972)
Silent Running (1972) (voice only)
The President's Plane Is Missing (1973) (TV movie)
Skyway to Death (1974) (TV movie)
Terror on the 40th Floor (1974) (TV movie)
Hit Lady (1974) (TV movie)
Child Under a Leaf (1974)
Sky Heist (1975) (TV movie)
Meteor (1979)
Defiance (1980)
Hangar 18 (1980)
Earthbound (1981)
My Body, My Child (1982) (TV movie)
Great Transport (1983)
Steele Justice (1987)
Club Fed (1990)
A Show of Force (1990)
Down the Drain (1990)
Last Call (1991)
Christmas at Cadillac Jack's (2007)
Biography portal
New York City portal
California portal
Film portal
Television portal
World War II portal
United States Navy portal
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Joseph Campanella profile". Playbill. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
Jump up ^ Suskin, Steven (2009). The Sound of Broadway Music: A Book of Orchestrators and Orchestrations. Oxford University Press. p. 432. ISBN 978-0199790845.
Jump up ^ "Jerry Wilson's Road Trips". BT Memories. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
Jump up ^ "Participates in Seminar (photo)". Ludington Daily News. February 19, 1979. p. 6. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
Jump up ^ Erickson, Hal. "Joseph Campanella biography". The New York Times. Retrieved 2012-10-31.
Jump up ^ "Sunday 07 January 2007". jasperjottings.com. Retrieved April 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Frank Campanella, Character Actor, 87, Dies". The New York Times. Associated Press. January 6, 2007. Retrieved 2017-08-07.
External links[edit]
Joseph Campanella on IMDb
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 120327396
LCCN: n82012628
ISNI: 0000 0001 1456 1923
GND: 141079738
BNF: cb141612885 (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Campanella&oldid=805907181"
Categories:
1924 births
Living people
Male actors from Pennsylvania
American male film actors
20th-century American male actors
21st-century American male actors
American male voice actors
American male soap opera actors
American male television actors
Manhattan College alumni
American people of Sicilian descent
Male actors of Italian descent
American military personnel of World War II
Hidden categories:
Articles with hCards
BLP articles lacking sources from April 2017
All BLP articles lacking sources
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
فارسی
Français
Italiano
Magyar
Polski
Simple English
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 October 2017, at 11:41.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: span

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/File:Joseph_campanella_1965.JPG
image
Joseph Campanella 1965

attrs: href title

value: i

value: td

values:
/wiki/Pennsylvania_(state)
mw-redirect
Pennsylvania (state)

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources

values:
/wiki/The_Doctors_(1963)
mw-redirect
The Doctors (1963)

values:
/wiki/Rockford_Files
mw-redirect
Rockford Files

values:
/wiki/The_Guiding_Light
mw-redirect
The Guiding Light

values:
/wiki/Nickelodeon_(TV_channel)
mw-redirect
Nickelodeon (TV channel)

values:
/wiki/What_Will_They_Think_Of_Next%3F
mw-redirect
What Will They Think Of Next?

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: Tony Award for Best Featured Actor in a Play

values:
/wiki/Dr._Curt_Connors
mw-redirect
Dr. Curt Connors

values:
/wiki/Spider-Man:_The_Animated_Series
mw-redirect
Spider-Man: The Animated Series

values:
/wiki/Discover_Magazine
mw-redirect
Discover Magazine

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/name/nm0132103/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/120327396

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000114561923

values:
nofollow
external text
http://d-nb.info/gnd/141079738

values: Category:20th-century American male actors

values: Category:21st-century American male actors

values: Category:American male soap opera actors

values: Category:American male television actors

values: Category:American people of Sicilian descent

values: Category:American military personnel of World War II

values: Category:BLP articles lacking sources from April 2017

values: Category:All BLP articles lacking sources

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from April 2017

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Joseph_Campanella
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: ژوزف کامپانلا – Persian

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Joseph_Campanella rootpage-Joseph_Campanella vector-experimental-print-styles vector-nav-directionality skin-vector action-view


text:
Fortune 500
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
The July 24, 2006 issue of Fortune, featuring its Fortune 500 list
The Fortune 500 is an annual list compiled and published by Fortune magazine that ranks 500 of the largest United States corporations by total revenue for their respective fiscal years.[1] The list includes publicly held companies, along with privately held companies for which revenues are publicly available. The concept of the Fortune 500 was created by Edgar P. Smith, a Fortune editor, and the first list was published in 1955.[2][3] The Fortune 500 is more commonly used than its subset Fortune 100 or wider list Fortune 1000.[4]
Contents
1 Methodology
2 History
3 Map
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Methodology[edit]
The original Fortune 500 was limited to companies whose revenues were derived from manufacturing, mining, and energy exploration. At the same time, Fortune published companion "Fortune 50" lists of the 50 largest commercial banks (ranked by assets), utilities (ranked by assets), life insurance companies (ranked by assets), retailers (ranked by gross revenues) and transportation companies (ranked by revenues). Fortune magazine changed its methodology in 1994 to include service companies. With the change came 291 new entrants to the famous list including three in the Top 10.[5]
History[edit]
The Fortune 500 was first published in 1955; created by Edgar P. Smith.[2] The owner of Fortune 500 is the Private Reserve and the owner of the Private Reserve is the CERT Holder; Nischal Nalin Singh.[6] The original top ten companies were General Motors, Jersey Standard, U.S. Steel, General Electric, Esmark, Chrysler, Armour, Gulf Oil, Mobil and DuPont.[7]
Map[edit]
Locations of companies of the 2015 Fortune 500[8]
See also[edit]
United States portal
Companies portal
40 under 40
Fortune Global 500
Fortune India 500
Fortune 1000
List of largest companies by revenue
List of Fortune 500 computer software and information companies
Forbes Global 2000
Total Fortune 1000 companies by urban area list
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Fortune 500". Fortune. Retrieved May 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Edgar Smith, 69, Dies; Retired Time Executive". New York Times. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
Jump up ^ "1955 Full list". Fortune. Fortune 500. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Williams, Sean. "Fortune 100: Everything You've Ever Wanted to Know About This Popular Annual Ranking". The Motley Fool. Retrieved 1 March 2016.
Jump up ^ Groves, Martha (26 April 1995). "Service Now Counts with Fortune 500". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ https://federalreserve.gov/privatereserve. Retrieved 2013-06-11. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "What happened to the first Fortune 500?". Fortune. Retrieved 2017-03-24.
Jump up ^ Caitlin Dempsey (July 28, 2015). "Fortune 500 List by State for 2015". Geolounge.
External links[edit]
Permanent link
Full list of Fortune 500 companies: 1955–2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012, 2013, 2014, 2015, 2016
hide
v
t
e
Fortune
Managing Editors
Parker Lloyd-Smith
Ralph Ingersoll
Eric Hodgins
Russell Davenport
Richardson Wood
Ralph D. Paine, Jr.
Hedley Donovan
Duncan Norton-Taylor
Louis Banks
Robert Lubar
William S. Rukeyser
Marshall Loeb
Walter Keichel III
John Huey
Richard Kirkland
Eric Pooley
Andrew Serwer
Alan Murray
Clifton Leaf
Editorial Staff
Geoffrey Colvin
John Curran
Nina Easton
Andrew Nusca
Clara Shih
Allan Sloan
Lists
Fortune 500
Global 500
India 500
Global 2000
40 Under 40
100 Best Companies to Work For
Most Powerful Women
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Fortune_500&oldid=856832703"
Categories:
Lists of companies by revenue
Fortune (magazine)
Top lists
Annual magazine issues
Hidden categories:
Pages with citations lacking titles
Pages with citations having bare URLs
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Čeština
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
हिन्दी
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Қазақша
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
नेपाली
日本語
Polski
Português
Română
Scots
Simple English
Slovenčina
Suomi
தமிழ்
Türkçe
Українська
Tiếng Việt
Žemaitėška
中文
20 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 27 August 2018, at 20:15 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

attrs: class href

values: mw-jump-link #mw-head

values: mw-jump-link #p-search

attrs: alt src width height class data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: class style

value: b

values:
/wiki/Publicly_held_company
mw-redirect
Publicly held company

values: checkbox button toctogglecheckbox toctogglecheckbox display:none

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
/wiki/40_under_40_(Fortune_magazine)
mw-redirect
40 under 40 (Fortune magazine)

values:
nofollow
http://beta.fortune.com/fortune500/
external text

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.fortune.com/500

values:
nofollow
external text
http://fortune.com/fortune500/2014

values:
nofollow
http://fortune.com/fortune500/2015/
external text

values:
/wiki/Ralph_Paine,_Jr.
mw-redirect
Ralph Paine, Jr.

values:
/wiki/John_Curran_(journalist)
mw-redirect
John Curran (journalist)

values:
/wiki/40_Under_40_(Fortune_magazine)
mw-redirect
40 Under 40 (Fortune magazine)

values: Fortune Most Powerful Women Entrepreneurs

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapsed navbox-inner mw-collapsible mw-made-collapsible

values: Category:Pages with citations lacking titles

values: Category:Pages with citations having bare URLs

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values:
/wiki/Fortune_500
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values: فرچون ۵۰۰ – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ko
display: none;

values: फॉर्चून 500 – Hindi

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: דירוג החברות של כתב העת Fortune – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-kk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-hu
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values: फर्च्युन ५०० – Nepali

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ne
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ro
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sco
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values: ஃபார்ச்சூன் 500 – Tamil

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ta
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-tr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-vi
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Fortune_500 rootpage-Fortune_500 skin-vector action-view