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2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series
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2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series
Previous: 2017 Next: 2019
Champions | Seasons
Kyle Busch, the current points leader
The 2018 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series is the 70th season of professional stock car racing in the United States, and the 47th modern-era Cup series season. The season began at Daytona International Speedway with the Advance Auto Parts Clash, the Can-Am Duel qualifying races and the 60th running of the Daytona 500. The regular season will end with the Brickyard 400 on September 9, 2018. The playoffs will end with the Ford EcoBoost 400 at Homestead-Miami Speedway on November 18, 2018. Martin Truex Jr. is the defending champion, having won his first in the series.
It is the fourth season of the current 10-year television contract with Fox Sports and NBC Sports and the third of a five-year race sanctioning agreement with all tracks.[1][2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Teams and drivers
1.1 Chartered teams
1.2 Limited schedule
1.3 Changes
1.3.1 Teams
1.3.2 Drivers
1.3.3 Crew Chiefs
1.3.4 Manufacturers
2 Offseason changes
2.1 Rule changes
3 Schedule
3.1 Schedule changes
4 Season summary
4.1 Race reports
5 Results and standings
5.1 Race results
5.2 Driver standings
5.3 Manufacturers' Championship
5.4 Playoff Grid
6 See also
7 References
Teams and drivers[edit]
Chartered teams[edit]
Manufacturer
Team
No.
Race driver
Crew chief
Chevrolet
Chip Ganassi Racing 1 Jamie McMurray Matt McCall
42 Kyle Larson Chad Johnston
Germain Racing 13 Ty Dillon Matt Borland
Hendrick Motorsports 9 Chase Elliott Alan Gustafson
24 William Byron (R) Darian Grubb
48 Jimmie Johnson Chad Knaus
88 Alex Bowman Greg Ives
JTG Daugherty Racing 37 Chris Buescher Trent Owens
47 A. J. Allmendinger Tristan Smith
Leavine Family Racing 95 Kasey Kahne Travis Mack
Premium Motorsports 15 Danica Patrick 1 Tony Eury Jr. 1
Todd Parrott 1
Pat Tryson 5
Ross Chastain 7
Richard Childress Racing 3 Austin Dillon Justin Alexander
31 Ryan Newman Luke Lambert
Richard Petty Motorsports 43 Darrell Wallace Jr. (R) Drew Blickensderfer
StarCom Racing 00 Jeffrey Earnhardt 5 Tony Furr
Landon Cassill 3
TriStar Motorsports 72 Corey LaJoie 25 Frankie Kerr
Cole Whitt 11
Ford
Front Row Motorsports 34 Michael McDowell Derrick Finley
38 David Ragan Seth Barbour
Go Fas Racing 32 Matt DiBenedetto Gene Nead 2
Randy Cox 34
Roush Fenway Racing 6 Trevor Bayne Matt Puccia
17 Ricky Stenhouse Jr. Brian Pattie
Stewart-Haas Racing 4 Kevin Harvick Rodney Childers
10 Aric Almirola Johnny Klausmeier
14 Clint Bowyer Mike Bugarewicz
41 Kurt Busch Billy Scott
Team Penske 2 Brad Keselowski Paul Wolfe
12 Ryan Blaney Jeremy Bullins
22 Joey Logano Todd Gordon
Wood Brothers Racing 21 Paul Menard Greg Erwin
Toyota
BK Racing 23 Gray Gaulding Rick Bourgeois
Furniture Row Racing 78 Martin Truex Jr. Cole Pearn
Joe Gibbs Racing 11 Denny Hamlin Mike Wheeler
18 Kyle Busch Adam Stevens
19 Daniel Suárez Scott Graves
20 Erik Jones Chris Gayle
Chevrolet 5
Ford 1
Toyota 1
Rick Ware Racing 51 Justin Marks 1 Pat Tryson 1
Ken Evans 6
Harrison Rhodes 4
Cole Custer 1
Timmy Hill 2
Source:[3]
Limited schedule[edit]
Manufacturer
Team
No.
Race driver
Crew chief
Round(s)
Chevrolet
Beard Motorsports 62 Brendan Gaughan Darren Shaw 4
Premium Motorsports 55 Joey Gase Todd Parrott 1
Reed Sorenson 3
J. J. Yeley 1
Richard Childress Racing 8 Daniel Hemric TBA 2
StarCom Racing 99 Derrike Cope TBA TBA
The Motorsports Group 30 TBA Eddie Pardue TBA
Ford
RBR Enterprises 92 David Gilliland Mike Hester 1
Toyota
Gaunt Brothers Racing 96 D. J. Kennington Mark Hillman 4
Ford 1
Toyota 1
MBM Motorsports 66 Mark Thompson Mike Hillman Sr. 1
TBA 1 1
Chad Finchum 1
TBA
Circle Sport Racing 33 Joey Gase TBA TBA
Rick Ware Racing 52 Cody Ware TBA TBA
B. J. McLeod TBA
Kyle Weatherman TBA
John Graham TBA
Changes[edit]
Teams[edit]
Team Penske will expand to a three-car team with the addition of Ryan Blaney in the No. 12, previously with Wood Brothers Racing in the No. 21 in 2017.
On August 29, 2017, Hendrick Motorsports announced that the current No. 24 team driven by Chase Elliott would be changing to the No. 9 team, while the No. 5 would become the new No. 24 team to be driven by rookie William Byron. Alan Gustafson is expected to remain as Elliott's crew chief while Darian Grubb will work with William Byron.
Furniture Row Racing will downsize from a two car team to a one car team, shutting down the No. 77 team as sponsor 5-hour Energy moves to the No. 78 team.
On September 25, 2017, it was announced that a new Chevrolet team, StarCom Racing, would open and run the No. 00 car full-time, with driver Derrike Cope, moving from Premium Motorsports. Cope was planning to drive the majority of the 2018 schedule with other drivers possibly running races, however, Jeffrey Earnhardt was later announced as the driver for the season. The 00 is also guaranteed to run every race as they have leased a charter from the defunct Richard Childress Racing No. 27 team. Cope will instead run a second car later in the season, the No. 99 Camaro. After Fontana, Earnhardt and StarCom mutually agreed to part ways. Cope will likely be behind the wheel of the 00 for selected events this season. After starting the season without a ride, Landon Cassill would take over the 00 for Martinsville and Texas.
On November 22, 2017, Rick Ware Racing announced an expansion from a 30-race open team to 1 full-time team for Ray Black Jr. and 1 part-time team for Cody Ware, Kyle Weatherman, B. J. McLeod and John Graham.
On December 7, 2017, after it was announced that Richard Petty Motorsports would be switching manufacturers from Ford to Chevrolet, RPM also announced that in 2018 they would have a technical alliance with Richard Childress Racing.
On December 12, 2017, it was announced that Circle Sport Racing and The Motorsports Group, who became one team in 2017, parted ways.[4] Both teams will field a car for 2018. Circle Sport will continue with the No. 33, but Jeffrey Earnhardt was released even though he was going to be the No. 33 driver in 2018.[5] Both teams will have different drivers and sponsors.
On January 3, 2018, it was announced that Team Penske had purchased a charter from Roush Fenway Racing in order to field the No. 12 car for Ryan Blaney full-time in 2018. The charter was leased to JTG Daugherty Racing to field the No. 37 for Chris Buescher in 2017, and had previously been used for the No. 16 of Greg Biffle in 2016.[6]
On January 17, 2018, it was announced that RBR Enterprises will join the Cup series and will field the No. 92 Ford to attempt the Daytona 500 with David Gilliland behind the wheel. The team spent the past eight seasons competing 79 races in the Truck series.[7]
On January 22, 2018, it was announced that Gaunt Brothers Racing will return to the Daytona 500 with D. J. Kennington driving the No. 96 Toyota.[8] The team entered the spring ISM Raceway race, which would be their first appearance on a non restrictor track.
On January 23, 2018, Richard Childress Racing announced that it will downsize to a two-car team for 2018, shutting down the No. 27 team.[9]
Drivers[edit]
On April 25, 2017, Dale Earnhardt Jr. announced that he would retire from full-time racing.[10] On July 20, 2017, Alex Bowman was announced as his full-time replacement.
On July 11, 2017, it was announced that Erik Jones will be replacing Matt Kenseth in the No. 20 car for Joe Gibbs Racing. On November 4, 2017, Kenseth announced he would be stepping away from full-time racing and will not compete in any 2018 events.
On July 26, 2017, it was announced that Paul Menard will replace Ryan Blaney in the No. 21 car for Wood Brothers Racing.
On August 1, 2017, it was announced that Kurt Busch will become a free agent after driving the No. 41 car for Stewart Haas Racing. However, on December 11, 2017, it was announced that Busch had re-signed with Stewart-Haas Racing on a 1-year deal.
On August 7, 2017, it was announced that Kasey Kahne would be leaving the No. 5 Hendrick Motorsports car at the end of 2017. On August 8, 2017, it was announced that William Byron was named as his full-time replacement in the renumbered No. 24 car and will be running for Rookie of the Year honors. On September 19, 2017, it was announced that Kahne would be driving the No. 95 Chevrolet Camaro for Leavine Family Racing, replacing Michael McDowell.
On September 12, 2017, Danica Patrick announced that she would not be returning to Stewart-Haas Racing in 2018. Later that day, Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Aric Almirola would not be returning to the No. 43 team in 2018. On October 25, 2017, Richard Petty Motorsports announced that Darrell Wallace Jr. would drive the No. 43 and compete for Rookie of the Year Honors. In 2017, Wallace Jr. was going to run the full NASCAR Xfinity Series schedule driving the No. 6 Ford Mustang for Roush Fenway Racing, but the team shut down in June due to a lack of sponsorship. Wallace would also drive the No. 43 in the Cup series, filling in for Almirola when he was injured in a crash at Kansas. Wallace also drove the No. 98 Ford Mustang for Biagi-DenBeste Racing in the Xfinity Series at Chicago, and the No. 99 Chevrolet Silverado for MDM Motorsports in the NASCAR Camping World Truck Series at Michigan.
On September 25, 2017, Derrike Cope announced he would leave the No. 55 car of Premium Motorsports to drive the new No. 00 for StarCom Racing. Cope also serves as Team Manager, and the team will run the full schedule after securing a charter and Cope will drive the majority of the schedule.
On October 10, 2017, Front Row Motorsports announced that Landon Cassill would not return to drive the teams No. 34 entry in 2018. On December 14, 2017, it has been confirmed that Michael McDowell will drive full-time in the No. 34, and David Ragan is returning to FRM in the No. 38.[11]
On November 8, 2017, Stewart-Haas Racing announced that Aric Almirola would take over the No. 10 Ford full-time in 2018, replacing Danica Patrick.
On November 15, 2017, it was announced that Danica Patrick would be retiring from auto racing. She plans to race in the 2018 Daytona 500 (NASCAR) and the 2018 Indy 500 (IndyCar) before retiring.
On November 22, 2017, it was announced that Ray Black Jr. would compete full-time and challenge for Rookie of the Year with Rick Ware Racing's No. 51 chartered entry. The No. 51 did not have a charter in 2017. RWR also announced a part-time No. 52 team with drivers Cody Ware, Kyle Weatherman, B. J. McLeod and John Graham.[12] However in early February it was that Justin Marks would drive the No. 51 in the Daytona 500, even though Ray Black Jr. was announced as the full-time driver. It is rumored that the deal fell through.
On January 30, 2018, StarCom Racing signed Jeffrey Earnhardt to drive its chartered No. 00 Chevrolet for the season. Earnhardt replaces Derrike Cope, who will remain as team manager and also will drive a second car for the team later in the year. Earnhardt previously drove for Circle Sport – The Motorsports Group full-time in 2017.
On February 5, 2018, TriStar Motorsports announced that Corey LaJoie would split the chartered No. 72 team with Cole Whitt, with sponsorship from Schluter Systems. LaJoie previously drove for BK Racing's Nos. 23 and 83 in most of the races in 2017.
On March 20, 2018, Richard Childress Racing announced that Daniel Hemric would drive a part time No. 8 car in the Cup Series during the Richmond spring race and the during the playoffs on the new Charlotte "Roval" course.[13]
Crew Chiefs[edit]
Jeremy Bullins will move over from the No. 21 Wood Brothers Racing team to the new No. 12 Team Penske team to continue to be Ryan Blaney's crew chief.
Greg Erwin will move from the No. 22 Team Penske team in the NASCAR Xfinity Series to the No. 21 Wood Brothers Racing team to be Paul Menard's crew chief.[14]
Travis Mack will move from being the car chief for the No. 88 Hendrick Motorsports team to the No. 95 Leavine Family Racing team to be Kasey Kahne's crew chief.
Championship winning crew chief Darian Grubb will be the crew chief for the No. 24 Hendrick Motorsports team and William Byron. In 2017, Grubb was the crew chief for Kasey Kahne in the final 9 races of the season after Keith Rodden left as the crew chief role.
Bootie Barker will leave the No. 13 team at the end of the 2017 season. On November 27, 2017, Germain Racing announced that Matt Borland will move over from the No. 27 Richard Childress Racing team to be the crew chief for Ty Dillon.
Jason Ratcliff will move over from the No. 20 Joe Gibbs Racing team to the No. 20 JGR team in the NASCAR Xfinity Series to be the crew chief for Christopher Bell. Chris Gayle moves over from the now shut down No. 77 Furniture Row Racing team to continue to be Erik Jones' crew chief.
Eddie Pardue will move with The Motorsports Group and be the crew chief. Pardue was the crew chief for the No. 33 for Circle Sport-The Motorsports Group until the two teams split after the 2017 season.
On December 15, 2017, Tony Gibson announced his retirement. Johnny Klausmeier, who served as car chief on the No. 41 team, will be the crew chief for Aric Almirola, while Billy Scott moves from the No. 10 team to the No. 41 to be crew chief for Kurt Busch.
On February 27, 2018, Go Fas Racing announced Randy Cox would take over crew chief duties for the No. 32 team, replacing Gene Nead.
Manufacturers[edit]
With the discontinuation of the SS after the 2017 model year, Chevrolet unveiled a new body style based on the Camaro ZL1.[15][16]
MBM Motorsports purchased an old Richard Petty Motorsports Ford and will run it in the Daytona 500 with Mark Thompson behind the wheel.[17] MBM ran Chevrolets and Toyotas in 2017.
After running Chevrolets for the 2017 season, Rick Ware Racing announced that they will run with all 3 manufacturers in 2018.
On December 7, 2017, Richard Petty Motorsports announced that they would be switching manufacturers from Ford to Chevrolet for the 2018 season. Richard Petty Motorsports ran Fords from 2010 to 2017.
Offseason changes[edit]
Rule changes[edit]
During its annual media tour in November 2017, NASCAR announced that constraints would be imposed on crew rosters in its three national series. Crew members are divided into "Organizational", "Road Crew", and "Pit Crew" roles; in the Cup Series, a single team may only have a roster of 3-4 organizational crew members (depending on the number of cars they field), 12 road crew members, and 5 pit crew members (reduced from 6, as implemented in 2011). Crew members must be assigned a jersey number and a letter corresponding to their position, which must be worn on their crew uniforms. Staff may be shared between a team's individual cars, even if they are not explicitly listed on their roster. NASCAR's executive vice president and chief racing development officer Steve O'Donnell stated that these changes were intended to improve safety, as well as improve its focus on teamwork.[18][19]
In February 2018, it was announced that the vehicle damage policy introduced in 2017 had been modified, following analysis of the rule's effects in 2017, and to account for the reduction in pit crew members. The length of the repair window has been extended to six minutes, and the penalty for having too many crew members repairing the car was reduced from disqualification to a two-lap penalty. Additionally, the length of the first session in qualifying on intermediate- and short-tracks has been reduced from 20 to 15 minutes.[20]
Schedule[edit]
The final schedule – comprising 36 races, as well as exhibition races, which are the Advance Auto Parts Clash, Can-Am Duel qualifying duel races for the Daytona 500 and the All-Star Race – was released on May 23, 2017.[21] Key changes from 2017 include:
The Daytona 500 is held one week earlier. As a result of this, all races from Atlanta until Talladega (spring), and also Pocono and Michigan in June will move one week earlier than 2017.
The Toyota Owners 400 at Richmond Raceway will move from Sunday afternoon to Saturday night due to attendance issues.
The AAA 400 Drive for Autism will move after the GEICO 500 and before the Kansas 400 (spring). Due to Daytona moving a week earlier, Dover was forced to move to May, similar to 2016 and (some) years before that when Daytona was on Presidents Day Weekend.
The new date that Las Vegas Motor Speedway acquired from New Hampshire Motor Speedway was moved to the first race of playoffs to replace Overton's 400 at Chicagoland Speedway which moved back to July before the Coke Zero 400. That means the Coke Zero 400, Quaker State 400 and New Hampshire 301 will move one week later than 2017.
The 25th Annual Big Machine Brickyard 400 at Indianapolis Motor Speedway will move to September to become the final race of the regular season while the Federated Auto Parts 400 at Richmond Raceway will move to the second race in the Round of 16.
The Bank of America 500 at Charlotte Motor Speedway will move one week earlier to become the elimination race of the Round of 16 and will utilize the track's road course layout instead of its quad-oval. The race's scheduled distance will also be shortened from 500 miles to 500 kilometers. That means the Dover 400 (fall) at Dover International Speedway will move one week later to become the first race of the Round of 12.
In broadcasting changes, an additional off week in June was added for the Father's Day weekend between Michigan and Sonoma so that the Fox networks could air the U.S. Open and the 2018 FIFA World Cup. The third off week will be after Bristol's August race.
No
Race Title
Track
Date
Time
TV
Advance Auto Parts Clash Daytona International Speedway, Daytona Beach, Florida February 11 3:00 p.m. FS1
Can-Am Duel February 15 7:00 p.m. FS1
1
Daytona 500 February 18 2:30 p.m. Fox
2
Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500 Atlanta Motor Speedway, Hampton, Georgia February 25 1:00 p.m. Fox
3
Pennzoil 400 Las Vegas Motor Speedway, Las Vegas, Nevada March 4 3:30 p.m. Fox
4
TicketGuardian 500 ISM Raceway, Avondale, Arizona March 11 3:30 p.m. Fox
5
Auto Club 400 Auto Club Speedway, Fontana, California March 18 3:30 p.m. Fox
6
STP 500 Martinsville Speedway, Ridgeway, Virginia March 26[N 1] 2:00 p.m. FS1
7
O'Reilly Auto Parts 500 Texas Motor Speedway, Fort Worth, Texas April 8 2:00 p.m. FS1
8
Food City 500 Bristol Motor Speedway, Bristol, Tennessee April 15 2:00 p.m. Fox
9
Toyota Owners 400 Richmond Raceway, Richmond, Virginia April 21 6:30 p.m. Fox
10
GEICO 500 Talladega Superspeedway, Lincoln, Alabama April 29 2:00 p.m. Fox
11
AAA 400 Drive for Autism Dover International Speedway, Dover, Delaware May 6 2:00 p.m. FS1
12
Kansas 400 Kansas Speedway, Kansas City, Kansas May 12 8:00 p.m. FS1
Monster Energy Open Charlotte Motor Speedway, Concord, North Carolina May 19 6:00 p.m. FS1
Monster Energy NASCAR All-Star Race May 19 8:00 p.m. FS1
13
Coca-Cola 600 May 27 6:00 p.m. Fox
14
Pocono 400 Pocono Raceway, Long Pond, Pennsylvania June 3 2:00 p.m. FS1
15
FireKeepers Casino 400 Michigan International Speedway, Brooklyn, Michigan June 10 2:00 p.m. Fox
16
Toyota/Save Mart 350 Sonoma Raceway, Sonoma, California June 24 3:00 p.m. FS1
17
Overton's 400[22] Chicagoland Speedway, Joliet, Illinois July 1 2:30 p.m. NBCSN
18
Coke Zero Sugar 400 Daytona International Speedway, Daytona Beach, Florida July 7 7:00 p.m. NBC
19
Quaker State 400 presented by Advance Auto Parts Kentucky Speedway, Sparta, Kentucky July 14 7:30 p.m. NBCSN
20
New Hampshire 301 New Hampshire Motor Speedway, Loudon, New Hampshire July 22 2:00 p.m. NBCSN
21
Gander Outdoors 400[23] Pocono Raceway, Long Pond, Pennsylvania July 29 2:30 p.m. NBCSN
22
Go Bowling at The Glen[24] Watkins Glen International, Watkins Glen, New York August 5 2:30 p.m. NBC
23
Pure Michigan 400 Michigan International Speedway, Brooklyn, Michigan August 12 2:30 p.m. NBCSN
24
Bass Pro Shops NRA Night Race Bristol Motor Speedway, Bristol, Tennessee August 18 7:30 p.m. NBCSN
25
Bojangles' Southern 500 Darlington Raceway, Darlington, South Carolina September 2 6:00 p.m. NBC
26
Big Machine Vodka 400 at the Brickyard Indianapolis Motor Speedway, Speedway, Indiana September 9 2:00 p.m. NBCSN
Cup Championship Playoffs
Round of 16
27
South Point 400 Las Vegas Motor Speedway, Las Vegas, Nevada September 16 3:00 p.m. NBC
28
Federated Auto Parts 400 Richmond Raceway, Richmond, Virginia September 22 7:30 p.m. NBCSN
29
Bank of America 500 Charlotte Motor Speedway, Concord, North Carolina September 30 2:00 p.m. NBC
Round of 12
30
Dover 400 Dover International Speedway, Dover, Delaware October 7 2:00 p.m. NBCSN
31
1000Bulbs.com 500[25] Talladega Superspeedway, Lincoln, Alabama October 14 2:00 p.m. NBC
32
Hollywood Casino 400 Kansas Speedway, Kansas City, Kansas October 21 2:00 p.m. NBC
Round of 8
33
First Data 500 Martinsville Speedway, Ridgeway, Virginia October 28 2:30 p.m. NBCSN
34
AAA Texas 500 Texas Motor Speedway, Fort Worth, Texas November 4 3:00 p.m. NBC
35
Can-Am 500 ISM Raceway, Avondale, Arizona November 11 2:30 p.m. NBC
Championship 4
36
Ford EcoBoost 400 Homestead-Miami Speedway, Homestead, Florida November 18 2:30 p.m. NBC
Crown Jewel races in bold
Jump up ^ The spring Martinsville race was postponed from Sunday to Monday due to snow.
Schedule changes[edit]
In 2015, NASCAR and 23 Monster Energy NASCAR Cup Series tracks agreed on a five-year contract that guarantees each track would continue to host races through 2020.[26] Despite the agreement, Speedway Motorsports decided to transfer one of its Cup Series races at New Hampshire Motor Speedway to Las Vegas Motor Speedway to form a race weekend involving each of the three national series in the fall.[27] On July 27, 2016, Daytona International Speedway announced that the 60th running of the Daytona 500 would be moved one week earlier to be held on February 18, 2018.[28]
Several changes were announced with the release of the final schedule. The 25th Big Machine Brickyard 400 at Indianapolis Motor Speedway moved to September to become the final race of the regular season, while the Federated Auto Parts 400 at Richmond Raceway moved to the second race in the Round of 16. The new date that Las Vegas Motor Speedway acquired from New Hampshire Motor Speedway was moved to the first race of the playoffs to replace Chicagoland Speedway, which became race 17 of the regular season. Dover International Speedway's spring race, the AAA 400 Drive for Autism, was moved one month early to precede Kansas Speedway and Charlotte Motor Speedway. The track's fall race, the Dover 400, was moved one week later to become the first race of the Round of 12. Also, Charlotte Motor Speedway's Bank of America 500 moved one week earlier and will utilize the track's road course layout instead of its quad-oval. With an additional off-week in the schedule for 2018, the Father's Day off-week that Fox added for the U. S. Open will be restored, with the third off-week being after the Bristol August race.[21][29]
Season summary[edit]
Race reports[edit]
Speedweeks 2018
Daytona Speedweeks started with the Advance Auto Parts Clash. Austin Dillon drew the pole as Chase Elliott and Brad Keselowski led the majority of the race. Jamie McMurray crashed and Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. received a penalty. Keselowski led the last half to win over Joey Logano as Jimmie Johnson crashed after contact with Kyle Larson with Chase Elliott, Kasey Kahne, Kyle Busch, and Martin Truex, Jr. also getting involved.[30]
In Daytona 500 qualifying, Alex Bowman won the pole while Denny Hamlin qualified second. Bowman won the pole for his first race since taking over the #88 car from Dale Earnhardt Jr. full-time. This was the fourth consecutive Daytona 500 pole won by Hendrick Motorsports.[31]
In the Can-Am Duels on Thursday, Bowman was on pole for race one. In the early laps, Jimmie Johnson lost a tire and crashed along with Aric Almirola. Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. was moving around the entire race, but got into both William Byron and David Gilliland, taking them out. Joey Logano led the majority of laps, but was passed for the lead by Ryan Blaney as Brad Keselowski crashed with Jamie McMurray, sending the race into overtime. In overtime, Blaney held off Joey Logano and Darrell Wallace, Jr. to win the first Duel. In the second Duel, Hamlin was on pole. Early in the race, Erik Jones spun and collected Kyle Larson and Matt DiBenedetto. Hamlin and Chase Elliott led most of the race. Eliott led the most laps to win his second straight Duel race over Kevin Harvick.[32]
Round 1: Daytona 500
Alex Bowman started on pole. Early on, Kyle Busch had a tire go down and had to pit. Later, Busch had another tire down and got into the wall and collected Jamie McMurray and D.J. Kennington. In the closing laps of stage one, Erik Jones spun and collected Kyle Larson, Jimmie Johnson, Daniel Suarez, William Byron, and Ty Dillon as Kurt Busch won stage one. In stage two, Byron got into the wall after having a tire go down. Brad Keselowski got into Chase Elliott and collected others including David Ragan, Kevin Harvick, Kasey Kahne, and Danica Patrick, who finished 35th in her final NASCAR race. Ryan Blaney won stage two over Joey Logano. In the final stage, Blaney continued to lead. In the closing laps, Byron again had a tire go down and spun. With two laps to go, Kurt Busch got turned around and collected Blaney, Matt DiBenedetto, Brendan Gaughan, and others, sending the race to overtime. In overtime, Aric Almirola was leading at the white flag, and tried to block Austin Dillon, but the block was late and Almirola ended up in the wall. Austin Dillon held off Darrell Wallace, Jr. for his second career win and winning the Daytona 500 in the #3 20 years after Dale Earnhardt won his only 500 in 1998.[33]
Round 2: Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500
Kyle Busch led the field to the green flag after an hour delay from rain. Ryan Newman jumped out to an early lead, but Busch was able to reclaim the lead. After the end-of-stage caution, Newman had a tire go down and hit the wall. Kevin Harvick led and won the first stage. In the second stage, Harvick, Kurt Busch, and Brad Keselowski all led as Keselowski won stage two after a spin by Jimmie Johnson. In the final stage, Harvick continued to dominate as Denny Hamlin and Joey Logano tried to win on a different strategy as the rest of the field. Late in the final stage, Trevor Bayne had an engine failure as Darrell Wallace, Jr. plowed into Ricky Stenhouse, Jr. trying to avoid the smoke. Harvick continued to lead and won over Keselowski for his first win at Atlanta since 2001.[34]
Round 3: Pennzoil 400
Ryan Blaney started on pole. Kevin Harvick took the lead at the beginning and dominated and won the first two caution free stages. In the final stage, Jamie McMurray got into the wall after a flat tire. Kurt Busch got loose and crashed along with Chase Elliott. Harvick led over 200 laps and held off a hard charging Kyle Busch for his second straight win and second at Las Vegas.[35]
Round 4: TicketGuardian 500
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole. Kyle Larson shot out to the lead early and led most of the first stage. Kyle Busch took the lead and won the first stage. Early in the second stage, Larson spun on the apron. Chris Buescher had a tire go down and got into the wall. Kurt Busch stayed out and won the second stage. Denny Hamlin took the lead as Paul Menard had a tire go down and got into the wall. Kyle Busch regained the lead until green flag pit stops. Brad Keselowski stayed out to stretch it out until the end, but had to pit. Kevin Harvick was able to pass Chase Elliott during the green flag cycle to take the lead from Ryan Newman and hold off Kyle Busch for his third consecutive win and ninth at Phoenix.[36]
Round 5: Auto Club 400
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole for the second straight week. Early, Kevin Harvick got into the wall and spun through the grass after contact with Kyle Larson, ending his chances for a fourth straight win. Truex was able to win the first stage and win the second stage after Trevor Bayne got into the wall. David Ragan brought out the final caution as Truex was able to beat out Kyle Busch on pit stops and pulled away from Larson to sweep all three stages to win.[37]
Round 6: STP 500
Martin Truex Jr. started on pole for the third straight week as qualifying was cancelled due to rain and snow. The race was postponed from Sunday to Monday due to snow. Denny Hamlin won the first stage after a Competition Caution and Ryan Blaney won the second stage. Jamie McMurray spun after contact with Austin Dillon. Clint Bowyer took the lead from Blaney and dominated the remainder of the race, leading 215 laps. McMurray, Trevor Bayne, and Harrison Rhodes all had tires go down, but there was no caution. Bowyer held off Kyle Busch for his first win since 2012 and the fourth out of six races for Stewart-Haas Racing.[38]
Round 7: O'Reilly Auto Parts 500
Kurt Busch started on pole after qualifying was cancelled just after the first round due to rain. As soon as the race began, Alex Bowman spun and collected Aric Almirola, Austin Dillon, and Paul Menard. At the end of the first stage, Martin Truex Jr. had a tire go down and got into the wall as Kevin Harvick scored the stage win as it ended under caution. In the second stage, Kyle Larson had a tire go down and he got into the wall. Kyle Busch was able to win the second stage. Early in the final stage, Denny Hamlin spun and collected David Ragan, Brad Keselowski, and Jimmie Johnson. Menard and Ryan Newman both got into the wall. Kyle Busch and Harvick, both with older tires, were able to stay out front and Busch was able to hold Harvick off for his first win of the year and third at Texas.[39]
Results and standings[edit]
Race results[edit]
No.
Race
Pole position
Most laps led
Winning driver
Manufacturer
Report
001 !
Advance Auto Parts Clash Dillon, AustinAustin Dillon Keselowski, BradBrad Keselowski Keselowski, BradBrad Keselowski Ford Report
002 !
Can-Am Duel 1 Bowman, AlexAlex Bowman Logano, JoeyJoey Logano Blaney, RyanRyan Blaney Ford Report
003 !
Can-Am Duel 2 Hamlin, DennyDenny Hamlin Elliott, ChaseChase Elliott Elliott, ChaseChase Elliott Chevrolet
01 !1
Daytona 500 Bowman, AlexAlex Bowman Blaney, RyanRyan Blaney Dillon, AustinAustin Dillon Chevrolet Report
02 !2
Folds of Honor QuikTrip 500 Busch, KyleKyle Busch Harvick, KevinKevin Harvick Harvick, KevinKevin Harvick Ford Report
03 !3
Pennzoil 400 Blaney, RyanRyan Blaney Harvick, KevinKevin Harvick Harvick, KevinKevin Harvick Ford Report
04 !4
TicketGuardian 500 Truex Jr., MartinMartin Truex Jr. Busch, KyleKyle Busch Harvick, KevinKevin Harvick Ford Report
05 !5
Auto Club 400 Truex Jr., MartinMartin Truex Jr. Truex Jr., MartinMartin Truex Jr. Truex Jr., MartinMartin Truex Jr. Toyota Report
06 !6
STP 500 Truex Jr., MartinMartin Truex Jr. Bowyer, ClintClint Bowyer Bowyer, ClintClint Bowyer Ford Report
07 !7
O'Reilly Auto Parts 500 Busch, KurtKurt Busch Busch, KyleKyle Busch Busch, KyleKyle Busch Toyota Report
08 !8
Food City 500 Report
Driver standings[edit]
Further information: List of NASCAR points scoring systems
(key) Bold – Pole position awarded by time. Italics – Pole position set by final practice results or owner's points. * – Most laps led. 1 – Stage 1 winner. 2 – Stage 2 winner.
Pos.
Driver
DAY
ATL
LVS
PHO
CAL
MAR
TEX
BRI
RCH
TAL
DOV
KAN
CLT
POC
MCH
SON
CHI
DAY
KEN
NHA
POC
GLN
MCH
BRI
DAR
IND
LVS
RCH
CLT
DOV
TAL
KAN
MAR
TEX
PHO
HOM
Pts.
Stage
Bonus
1
Kyle Busch 25 7 2 2*1 3 2 1*2
316
89 7
2
Joey Logano 4 6 7 19 5 6 6
278
63 –
3
Ryan Blaney 7*2 12 5 16 8 32 5
265
52 2
4
Kevin Harvick 31 1*1 1*12 1 35 5 21
257
75 12
5
Martin Truex Jr. 18 5 4 5 1*12 4 37
250
60 7
6
Clint Bowyer 15 3 18 6 11 1* 9
249
42 5
7
Brad Keselowski 32 22 6 15 4 10 33
237
80 1
8
Kurt Busch 261 8 34 102 14 11 7
224
70 2
9
Denny Hamlin 3 4 17 4 6 121 34
222
41 1
10
Kyle Larson 19 9 3 18 2 16 36
202
45 –
11
Erik Jones 36 11 8 9 7 17 4
193
18 –
12
Aric Almirola 11 13 10 7 12 14 32
177
17 –
13
Austin Dillon 1 14 13 17 10 30 26
159
2 5
14
Alex Bowman 17 20 16 13 13 7 28
154
9 –
15
Chase Elliott 33 10 34 3 16 9 11
148
20 –
16
Paul Menard 6 17 9 36 19 13 30
146
13 –
17
Ryan Newman 8 22 11 11 21 19 27
145
– –
18
William Byron (R) 23 18 27 12 15 20 10
135
1 –
19
Darrell Wallace Jr. (R) 2 32 21 28 20 34 8
126
4 –
20
A. J. Allmendinger 10 29 30 21 22 8 24
123
7 –
21
Jimmie Johnson 38 27 12 14 9 15 35
123
12 –
22
Ricky Stenhouse Jr. 29 16 14 23 18 37 25
123
18 –
23
Jamie McMurray 16 19 36 26 17 26 3
122
4 –
24
Chris Buescher 5 25 15 29 30 23 15
118
– –
25
Michael McDowell 9 24 37 32 26 21 14
114
17 –
26
Daniel Suárez 37 15 26 8 23 18 29
108
1 –
27
Kasey Kahne 34 21 19 24 24 24 17
98
2 –
28
Trevor Bayne 13 35 20 20 37 33 12
97
4 –
29
David Ragan 30 23 23 22 25 25 23
92
– –
30
Ty Dillon 39 26 24 30 27 22 13
86
5 –
31
Matt DiBenedetto 27 31 22 25 31 32 16
75
– –
32
Cole Whitt 28 28 28 27 19
55
– –
33
Gray Gaulding 20 36 33 34 32 36 20
48
– –
34
Jeffrey Earnhardt 21 34 31 35 36
28
– –
35
D. J. Kennington 24 31 28
28
– –
36
Harrison Rhodes 33 35 22
21
– –
37
Landon Cassill 38 21
17
– –
38
Mark Thompson 22
15
– –
39
Brendan Gaughan 28
9
– –
40
Reed Sorenson 34 31
9
– –
41
Danica Patrick 35
2
– –
42
Corey LaJoie 40 37
2
– –
Ineligible for Monster Energy NASCAR Cup driver points
Pos.
Driver
DAY
ATL
LVS
PHO
CAL
MAR
TEX
BRI
RCH
TAL
DOV
KAN
CLT
POC
MCH
SON
CHI
DAY
KEN
NHA
POC
GLN
MCH
BRI
DAR
IND
LVS
RCH
CLT
DOV
TAL
KAN
MAR
TEX
PHO
HOM
Pts.
Stage
Bonus
Justin Marks 12
– –
David Gilliland 14
– –
Ross Chastain 30 29 27 29 29 18
– –
Cole Custer 25
– –
J. J. Yeley 31
– –
Joey Gase 32
– –
Timmy Hill 33 33
– –
Pos.
Driver
DAY
ATL
LVS
PHO
CAL
MAR
TEX
BRI
RCH
TAL
DOV
KAN
CLT
POC
MCH
SON
CHI
DAY
KEN
NHA
POC
GLN
MCH
BRI
DAR
IND
LVS
RCH
CLT
DOV
TAL
KAN
MAR
TEX
PHO
HOM
Pts.
Stage
Bonus
Manufacturers' Championship[edit]
Pos
Manufacturer
Wins
Points
1
Ford 4
253
2
Toyota 2
252
3
Chevrolet 1
227
Playoff Grid[edit]
Pos
Number
Driver
Wins
1 4 Kevin Harvick 2*
2 18 Kyle Busch 1
3 78 Martin Truex Jr. 1
4 14 Clint Bowyer 1
5 3 Austin Dillon 1
6 22 Joey Logano 0
7 12 Ryan Blaney 0
8 2 Brad Keselowski 0
9 41 Kurt Busch 0
10 11 Denny Hamlin 0
11 42 Kyle Larson 0
12 20 Erik Jones 0
13 10 Aric Almirola 0
14 88 Alex Bowman 0
15 9 Chase Elliott 0
16 21 Paul Menard 0
* Kevin Harvick's Las Vegas win will not count towards his playoff standings.
Locked into the Playoffs.
See also[edit]
NASCAR portal
2018 NASCAR Xfinity Series
2018 NASCAR Camping World Truck Series
2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series East
2018 NASCAR K&N Pro Series West
2018 NASCAR Whelen Modified Tour
2018 NASCAR Pinty's Series
2018 NASCAR PEAK Mexico Series
2018 NASCAR Whelen Euro Series
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "NASCAR, FOX extend, expand rights agreement". NASCAR.com. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. August 1, 2013. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Cain, Holly (July 23, 2013). "NASCAR, NBC Sports Group reach landmark deal". NASCAR.com. Daytona Beach, Florida: NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 NASCAR Sprint Cup Series Team / Driver Chart". Jayski.com. Jayski's Silly Season Site. Retrieved July 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Weaver, Matt (December 12, 2017). "Circle Sport Racing, The Motorsports Group end merger ahead of 2018 season". Autoweek. Crain Communications. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ Bromberg, Nick (December 12, 2017). "Circle Sport split with TMG leaves Jeffrey Earnhardt without a ride in 2018". Yahoo Sports. Retrieved December 12, 2017.
Jump up ^ McFadin, Daniel (January 3, 2018). "Team Penske buys charter from Roush Fenway Racing for third car". NASCAR Talk. NBC Universal. Retrieved January 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "David Gilliland to attempt Daytona 500 for Ricky Benton". Official Site Of NASCAR. Retrieved January 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Gaunt Brothers Racing to field Daytona 500 entry for DJ Kennington". Autoweek. Retrieved January 22, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Yahoo! Sports". Austin Dillon: Richard Childress Racing looking to be 'leaner and meaner' with two-car team. Retrieved January 23, 2018.
Jump up ^ Valade, Jodie (April 25, 2017). "Dale Earnhardt Jr. to Retire From Racing". The New York Times. Charlotte, North Carolina: The New York Times Company. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Front Row tabs David Ragan, Michael McDowell for 2018". Official Site Of NASCAR. Retrieved December 14, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ray Black Jr. Joining Rick Ware Racing Full-Time for 2018 Cup Series Schedule". www.frontstretch.com. Retrieved 2017-11-22.
Jump up ^ Wilhelm, Chase. “Hemric to Bring Back No. 8 in Monster Energy Series Debut.” Official Site Of NASCAR, NASCAR.com, 20 Mar. 2018, www.nascar.com/news-media/2018/03/20/daniel-hemric-number-monster-energy-series-debut/.
Jump up ^ Bonkowski, Jerry (December 27, 2017). "Greg Erwin ready for new challenge as Cup crew chief with Wood Brothers and Paul Menard". NBCSports. Retrieved February 21, 2018.
Jump up ^ Folsom, Brandon (August 10, 2017). "Chevy Camaro returning to NASCAR Cup Series in 2018: 'It's a monster'". Detroit Free Press. Gannett Company. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ Burden, Melissa (August 10, 2017). "Camaro ZL1 will be Chevy's new NASCAR entry". The Detroit News. Digital First Media. Retrieved August 11, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Richard Petty Motorsports Are Selling Cars, That Means A Manufacturer Change Is Coming - Apex Off". Apex Off. 2017-11-02. Retrieved 2017-11-14.
Jump up ^ "NASCAR guide for new roster rules and pit road procedures". Autoweek. Retrieved 2018-02-17.
Jump up ^ "NASCAR to standardize at-track rosters beginning in 2018". NASCAR.com. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ "NASCAR updates damaged vehicle policy, qualifying". NASCAR.com. Retrieved February 7, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Playoff makeover headlines 2018 NASCAR schedules" (Press release). Daytona Beach, Florida: NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. May 23, 2017. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ "OVERTON'S TO SERVE AS ENTITLEMENT SPONSOR FOR CHICAGOLAND SPEEDWAY'S 2018 NASCAR NATIONAL SERIES RACES - Chicagoland Speedway". www.chicagolandspeedway.com. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Gander Outdoors 400 and 150 Events Announced". 6 February 2018. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
Jump up ^ "Watkins Glen International, Go Bowling announce 'striking' partnership - Watkins Glen International". theglen.com. Retrieved 18 February 2018.
Jump up ^ https://www.talladegasuperspeedway.com/Articles/2018/03/1000Bulbs.aspx
Jump up ^ Scott, David (October 26, 2015). "NASCAR signs 5-year deals with tracks". The Charlotte Observer. The McClatchy Company. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ Long, Dustin (March 8, 2017). "Las Vegas gets second Cup date in 2018; New Hampshire loses a Cup date". NASCARTalk.com. NBC Sports. Retrieved May 18, 2017.
Jump up ^ "59th Running Of The DAYTONA 500 In 2018 Returns To Traditional Date On Presidents Day Weekend" (Press release). Daytona International Speedway. July 26, 2016. Retrieved May 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Cain, Holly (May 23, 2017). "Playoff makeover, Daytona's return to history highlight 2018 NASCAR schedule". NASCAR.com. NASCAR Digital Media, LLC. Retrieved May 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (February 11, 2018). "Keselowski Captures Clash Win". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (February 11, 2018). "Bowman Wins Pole for Daytona 500". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved February 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (February 15, 2018). "Blaney, Elliott Duel Winners". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved February 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (February 18, 2018). "Austin Dillon Wins Daytona 500". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved February 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (February 25, 2018). "Harvick Back in Victory Lane at Atlanta". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved February 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (March 4, 2018). "Harvick Goes Back-to-Back". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved March 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (March 11, 2018). "Three-Peat for Harvick". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved March 11, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (March 18, 2018). "Truex Jr. Back in Victory Lane". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved March 18, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (March 26, 2018). "Bowyer Back in Victory Lane". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved March 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ Pistone, Pete (April 8, 2018). "Kyle Busch Takes Texas Win". MRN.com. Motor Racing Network. Retrieved April 8, 2018.
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First-generation jet fighter
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Me 262, the first jet fighter and the most well-known of WWII

First generation jet fighters[1] are the first attempts at creation of military aircraft using jet engines. A few were developed during the closing days of World War II and saw very limited combat operations. The generation can be split into two broad groups, slower jets with straight wings common to World War II era fighters such as the Meteor, and mature swept-wing first-generation fighters such as the F-86 used in the Korean War which are controllable at transonic speeds.
Contents
[hide]
1 World War II era
1.1 Aircraft that entered service
1.2 Hybrid
2 Post-World War II
2.1 Interceptors/Night fighters
2.2 Fighter-bombers
2.3 Air superiority fighters
3 Cancelled fighters
4 The End of the First Generation
5 Experimental first-generation jet fighters
5.1 Northrop XP-79
5.2 Parasite Fighters
6 Aircraft still in use
7 See also
8 References
World War II era[edit]
The Imperial Japanese Navy's 1945 Nakajima J9Y Kikka.
The initial attempts were straight-winged subsonic planes based heavily on the design concepts that had worked well in piston-powered aircraft. Some of these fighters were tested using piston engines to evaluate the airframes before the jets to power them were available or reliable enough to sustain flight.[2]
The pioneering airworthy turbojet aircraft, the He 178, was a German taildragger-geared design that first flew in August 1939. It was used as the basis of the later tricycle landing geared He 280, a design passed over for the Me 262. A similar British design, the Gloster E.28/39 had provisions for some armament, but the guns were not fitted on either prototype.
The Bell P-59 Airacomet was the first American jet fighter to be put into service. It was never used in combat, as was mainly useful as an experimental fighter as its performance was inferior to the piston-engined North American P-51 Mustang which could reach higher top speeds and had a much greater range.
Japan had some experimental models, such as the Nakajima J9Y Kikka, but none saw operational use.[3]
Aircraft that entered service[edit]
The plans for the first operational jet fighter, the Messerschmitt Me 262 Schwalbe were drawn up in 1939, and the airplane first flew under jet power in 1942.[4] The Me 262 was not operational until 1944,[4] and its effectiveness was crippled by the deteriorating infrastructure of Nazi Germany; the advanced materials needed for its engines were in short supply. Although the Me 262 is often classified as an early straight-wing design, it actually incorporates some features of a slightly "swept wing" design, as it had a leading edge sweep of only 18.5°, too slight to achieve any significant advantage in increasing the critical Mach number, the speed at which it can fly without encountering control problems due to compressibility.[5] Sweep was added after the initial design of the aircraft for balance reasons, when the engines proved heavier than originally expected, primarily to position the center of lift properly relative to the center of mass. There was originally a 35° sweep, proposed by Adolph Busemann, which was not adopted.[6] Despite its late-war debut into production, the winner of Nazi Germany's Volksjäger light fighter competition, the Heinkel He 162A Spatz. was just about to enter service with the Luftwaffe's JG 1 and even the specialist unit JV 44 at the war's end, but only very isolated engagements with Allied combat aircraft — with JG 1 losing 13 He 162As during April 1945, ten to operational losses not involving combat (the design was still going through its evaluation period) and only a pair of actual losses of He 162As from aerial combat. 320 examples of the He 162A were completed by the war's end, with hundreds more incomplete He 162A airframes in the process of manufacture.
World War II ended before jet fighters were common. The United States and the United Kingdom also had jet fighters operational before the end of the war. The British Gloster Meteor twin-engined high speed fighter was used to intercept Germany's V-1 flying bombs missiles over the British Isles and not deployed for combat over Europe until 1945 but still kept away from occupied territory to prevent the technology being picked up by the Germans or Soviets. By 1946 16 RAF squadrons were equipped with Meteors. The American Lockheed P-80 entered service in the closing phases of the war and was deployed to Europe but arrived too late to see any combat.
The earliest jet fighters usually did not carry radar — except for the handful of Me 262B-1a/U1 jet night fighters built and deployed in 1944-45 — or other sophisticated avionics and had similar equipment to the piston-engined counterparts used during the war. Machine guns and cannon were the primary armament, though the Me 262 also used air-to-air unguided rockets against Allied bomber formations and could carry unguided bombs, with many follow-on designs in development on paper or in wind tunnels as the war ended (especially in Germany), like the Focke-Wulf Ta 183.
The significant operational aircraft in this group include:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust
Me 262 Nazi Germany 1,430 1942 1944-1951 10.60 12.60 21.70 3,795 kg 7,130 kg 900 1,050 11,450 2 × 8.8 kN
He 162 Nazi Germany ~320 1944 1945 9.05 7.20 11.16 1,660 kg 2,800 kg 905 975 12,000 1 × 7.85 kN
Gloster Meteor United Kingdom 3,947 1943 1944-1980s 13.59 11.32 32.52 4,846 kg ~7,121 kg 965 965 13,100 2 × 15.6 kN
Other aircraft were built or developed during the war, did not see combat. Many entered general service in the immediate post-war years. Examples include:
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust
Dassault Ouragan France 350 1949 1952-1980s 10.73 13.16 23.80 4,142 kg 7,900 kg 940 920 13,000 1 × 22.2 kN
DH.100 Vampire United Kingdom 3,268 1943 1945-1979 9.37 11.58 24.34 3,304 kg 5,620 kg 882 1,960 13,045 1 × 14.90 kN
Sea Hawk United Kingdom 542 1947 1953-1983 12.09 11.89 25.83 4,208 kg 7,325 kg 965 770 13,564 1 × 23.1 kN
Supermarine Attacker United Kingdom 185 1946 1951-1964 11.43 11.25 21.0 3,826 kg ~5,539 kg 950 950 13,716 1 × 22.0 kN
Supermarine Swift United Kingdom 197 1948 1952-1970s 12.88 9.85 30.50 6,094 kg 9,381 kg 1,148 1,014 13,960 1 × 31.9 kN/42.0 kN
P-59B United States 66 1942 1944-1945 11.84 13.87 35.86 3,704 kg 6,214 kg 665 604 14,080 2 × 8.9 kN
P-80 United States 1,715 1944 1944-1970s 10.49 11.81 22.07 3,819 kg 7,646 kg 965 1,930 14,000 1 × 24.0 kN
FH Phantom United States 62 1945 1947-1954 11.35 12.42 25.60 3,031 kg 5,459 kg 771 1,120 12,525 2 × 7.1 kN
FR-1 United States 71 1944 1945-1947 12.19 12.19 25.60 3,488 kg ~5,285 kg 444/650 2,610 13,137 1 × 7.1 kN and
1 × 1,350 hp piston
MiG-9 'Fargo' Soviet Union 610 1946 1948-? 9.75 10.00 18.20 3,350 kg ~5,000 kg 915 800 13,500 2 × 7.8 kN
Yak-15 'Feather' Soviet Union 280 1946 1947-? 8.70 9.20 14.85 1,852 kg ~2,638 kg 786 510+ 12,000 1 × 8.8 kN
Yak-17 'Feather' Soviet Union 430 1947 1948-1960s 8.70 9.20 14.90 2,890 kg 3,240 kg 748 395 12,750 1 × 8.9 kN
Note:
The Russian aircraft were based heavily on British engines (including a reverse-engineered Rolls-Royce Nene engine) and German designs, and were developed after the end of World War II.[7] The French Ouragan was also a design of the late 1940s rather than as a wartime effort.
Hybrid[edit]
Early jet engines had poor acceleration, and the FR Fireball was a mixed-propulsion aircraft with a propeller in front and a jet engine in the back designed for use on an aircraft carrier. The Russian Mikoyan-Gurevich I-250 and Sukhoi Su-5 were similar concepts but used a motorjet instead of a turbojet and were not designed for carrier use.
Further experiments after the war with mixed propulsion involving at least one turboprop powerplant included the XF2R Dark Shark and the XF-84H Thunderscreech, one of the loudest aircraft ever flown.[8] The Thunderscreech, however, was a much later design, being a contemporary of the clearly second generation F-104 Starfighter. None of these hybrid-propulsion planes saw combat or major use, though the Fireball was used operationally for two years.
Post-World War II[edit]
A MiG-15 in Polish markings
After World War II, some additional aircraft were built using refinements of the ideas used in the first attempts. Some of these included a swept wing and some could break the sound barrier in a dive, but almost all of them lacked the thrust to do so in level flight. Radar was used in dedicated interceptors and night fighters but early models required a dedicated radar operator. These aircraft are mostly associated with the Korean War. Some interceptor designs, such as the F-94 used rockets such as the Mk 4/Mk 40 Folding-Fin Aerial Rocket as their primary weapon instead of guns.
Interceptors/Night fighters[edit]
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust
Avro CF-100 Canada 692 1950 1952-1981 16.50 17.40 54.9 10,500 kg 16,329 kg 888 3,200 13,700 2 × 32.5 kN
DH 112 Venom United Kingdom 1,431 1949 1952-1983 9.70 12.70 25.9 4,202 kg ~7,000 kg 1,030 1,730 12,000 1 × 21.6 kN
DH Sea Venom United Kingdom 419 1951 195?-1970 11.15 13.06 25.9 7,167 kg 927 1,135 12,040 1 × 23.6 kN
Yak-25 'Flashlight' Soviet Union 638 1952 1955-1967 15.67 10.94 28.94 5,675 kg 9,450 kg 1,090 2,700 15,200 2 × 23.0 kN
F-86D Sabre United States 2,847 1949 195?-1974 12.27 11.31 6,132 kg 9,060 kg 1,115 531+ 15,163 1 × 24.1 kN/33.4 kN
F-89 Scorpion United States 1,052 1948 1950-1969 16.40 18.20 56.30 11,428 kg 19,161 kg 1,022 2,200 15,000 2 × 24.26 kN/32.11 kN
F-94 Starfire United States 885 1949 1950-1960 13.60 12.90 21.63 5,764 kg 10,970 kg 1,030 2,050 15,670 1 × 28.2 kN/38.9 kN
F3D Skyknight United States 265 1948 1951-1970 13.84 15.25 37.16 8,237 kg 12,180 kg 909 1,931 11,645 2 × 15.98 kN
Note: Thrust: Dry/Afterburner
Fighter-bombers[edit]
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust
F9F Panther United States 1,382 1947 1949-1969 11.30 11.60 23.00 4,220 kg 16,450 kg 925 2,100 13,600 1 × 26.5 kN
F-84 Thunderjet United States 7,524 1946 1947-1991 11.60 11.107 24.00 5,200 kg 8,200 kg 1,000 1,600 12,350 1 × 24.7 kN
F-84F Thunderstreak United States 3,428 1950 1954-1991 13.23 10.25 30 5,200 kg 12,701 kg 1,119 1,304 14,000 1 × 32.2 kN
Gloster Javelin United Kingdom 436 1951 1956-1968 17.15 15.85 86.00 10,886 kg 19,580 kg 1,140 1,530 15,865 2 × 54 kN
MD.452 Mystère France 171 1951 1954-1963 11.70 13.10 30.3 5,225 kg 7,475 kg 1,060 885 15,250 1 × 29.4 kN
MD.454 Mystère IV France 411 1952 1953-1980s 12.89 11.12 32.06 5,860 kg 9,500 kg 1,110 915 15,000 1 × 34.32 kN
Saab 21R Sweden 64 1947 1950-1956 10.45 11.37 3,200 kg 5,000 kg 800 720 12,000 1 × 13.8 kN
Note: Thrust: Dry/Afterburner
Air superiority fighters[edit]
Many of these also had fighter-bomber variants.
Aircraft
Primary
Builder
Number
built
First
flight
Service
life
Length
m
Wingspan
m
Wing area
sq. m
Empty
weight
Max takeoff
weight
Max Speed
km/h
Range
km
Celling
m
Engines
×
Thrust
F-86 Sabre United States 9,860 1947 1949-1994 11.40 11.30 29.11 5,046 kg 8,234 kg 1,106 2,454 15,100 1 × 26.3 kN
FJ-1 Fury United States 31 1946 1947-1953 10.48 11.63 20.50 8,843 kg ~15,118 kg 880 2,407 9,753 1 × 17.8 kN
FJ-2/3 Fury United States 741 1951 1954-1962 11.45 11.31 26.70 5,353 kg 8,523 kg 1,088 1,593 14,300 1 × 26.7 kN
FJ-4 Fury United States 374 1954 1954-1960s 11.10 11.90 31.46 6,000 kg 10,750 kg 1,090 3,250 14,300 1 × 34.0 kN
F2H Banshee United States 895 1947 1948-1962 14.68 12.73 27.30 5,980 kg 11,437 kg 933 2,760 14,205 2 × 14.5 kN
F3H Demon United States 519 1951 1956-1964 17.98 10.76 48.21 10,040 kg ~15,377 kg 1,152 1,899 10,683 1 × 43.25 kN/65.77 kN
F6U Pirate United States 33 1946 1946-1950 11.46 10.00 18.9 3,320 kg 5,850 kg 959 1,880 14,100 1 × 14.0 kN/18.78 kN
F-9 Cougar United States 1,392 1948 1951-1959 12.85 10.51 31.30 5,382 kg 11,232 kg 1,041 1,690 12,800 1 × 38.0 kN
F7U Cutlass United States 320 1951 1956-1964 12.59 12.10 46.10 8,260 kg 14,353 kg 1,122 1,482 12,375 2 × 20 kN/27 kN
DH.100 Vampire United Kingdom 3,268 1943 1945-1979 9.37 11.58 24.34 3,304 kg 5,620 kg 882 1,960 13,045 1 × 14.90 kN
DH 112 Venom United Kingdom 1,431 1949 1952-1983 9.70 12.70 25.9 4,202 kg ~7,000 kg 1,030 1,730 12,000 1 × 21.6 kN
Sea Vixen United Kingdom 145 1951 1959-1972 16.94 15.54 60.20 12,680 kg 18,860 kg 1,110 1,270 14,600 2 × 50.0 kN
Hawker Hunter United Kingdom 1,972 1951 1956–Present 14.00 10.26 32.42 6,405 kg 24,600 kg 1,150 3,060 15,240 1 × 45.13 kN
CAC Sabre Australia 112 1953 1954-1982 11.43 11.30 28.1 5,443 kg 9,256 kg 1,100 1,850 15,850 1 × 33.4 kN
Canadair Sabre Canada 1,815 1950 1950-1980 11.43 11.32 4,816 kg 7,965 kg 1,142 2,044 16,460 1 × 32.36 kN
Saab 29 Tunnan Sweden 661 1948 1950-1976 11.00 11.23 24.15 4,845 kg 8,375 kg 1,060 1,100 15,500 1 × 27.0 kN
Saab 32 Lansen Sweden 450 1952 1956-1997 14.94 13.00 37.4 7,500 kg 13,500 kg 1,200 2,000 15,000 1 × 47.0 kN/65.3 kN
La-15 'Fantail' Soviet Union 235 1948 1949-1953 9.55 8.83 2,575 kg ~3,850 kg 1,007 1,145 13,500 1 × 15.59 kN
MiG-15 'Fagot' Soviet Union 18,000 1947 1949–Present 10.08 10.08 20.60 3,630 kg 6,105 kg 1,059 1,240 15,500 1 × 26.5 kN
MiG-17 'Fresco' Soviet Union 11,060 1950 1952–Present 11.26 9.63 22.6 3,919 kg 6,069 kg 1,145 2,060 16,600 1 × 22.5 kN/33.8 kN
Yak-23 'Flora' Soviet Union 310 1947 1949-1956 8.12 8.73 13.50 1,980 kg 923 1,400 14,800 1 × 15.6 kN
Shenyang J-5 People's Republic of China 1,820 1956 1956-1992 11.09 9.63 22.60 4,151 kg 1,130 1,424 16,600 1 × 22.5 kN/33.8 kN
Cancelled fighters[edit]
Argentina
FMA I.Ae. 27 Pulqui
FMA I.Ae. 33 Pulqui II (largely based on the German Ta 183)
Canada
Avro Canada CF-103
France
Aérocentre NC 1080
Sud-Ouest Espadon
Italy
Aerfer Ariete / Aerfer Leone / Aerfer Sagittario 2
Fiat G.82
Japan
Nakajima J9Y
Nakajima Ki-201
Nazi Germany
Focke-Wulf Ta 183 Huckebein
Heinkel He 280
Horten Ho 229
Messerschmitt Me P.1101
Messerschmitt Me P.1106
Switzerland
FFA N-20
United Kingdom
Gloster E.1/44
Saunders-Roe SR.A/1
Soviet Union
Alekseyev I-211 / Alekseyev I-215
Lavochkin La-150
Lavochkin La-168
Sukhoi Su-9 (1946)
Sukhoi Su-15 (1949)
Sukhoi Su-17 (1949)
Yakovlev Yak-7R
Yakovlev Yak-19
Yakovlev Yak-25 (1947) / Yakovlev Yak-30 (1948)
Yakovlev Yak-50 (1949)
A notable post-war fighter that was never used operationally was the FMA IAe 33 Pulqui II, a prototype fighter built in Argentina. The Pulqui II was designed by a team which included former German engineers led by Kurt Tank and was based on initial designs for the Focke-Wulf Ta 183, the proposed successor to the Me 262. The Pulqui II itself was a successor to the I.Ae. 27 Pulqui I, a prototype jet fighter developed in Argentina by Emile Dewoitine in the late 1940s and the first of its type to fly in South America.
The End of the First Generation[edit]
By the 1950s, the next major group of fighter aircraft were planes that used air-to-air missiles as their primary armament and could routinely exceed the speed of sound in level flight. First-generation fighters were limited to engagements in visual range, and the expected performance of new missiles, like the AIM-7 Sparrow, with semi-active radar homing, forced changes in aircraft design.
There is not a bright, clearly defined line between first- and second-generation fighters, and some early second-generation fighters, such as the F-8 Crusader, still had guns as their primary armament. Infrared-guided or so-called "heat-seeking" missiles such as the AIM-9 Sidewinder and early beam-riding missiles like the Kaliningrad K-5 were used on late first-generation aircraft.
Experimental first-generation jet fighters[edit]
Northrop XP-79[edit]
The Northrop XP-79 flying wing was an unusual aircraft that only flew once, resulting in the death of the pilot. It was originally designed as a rocket powered aircraft but later used turbojets. The pilot was given a prone flying position.
Parasite Fighters[edit]
Further information: Parasite aircraft
Early jet fighters did not have the range to escort bombers all the way to the target and back, the same problem that had beset the USAAF during the early part of the daylight bombing campaigns of World War II. Having the bomber carry a fighter as well as turrets to defend itself led to some unusual designs, none of which were implemented.
XF-85 Goblin, carried in the bomb bay.
FICON project using the F-84
Aircraft still in use[edit]
A few of the aircraft from this generation are still in use by the air forces of smaller nations, typically in the ground attack role and not as fighters. A notable mention of this is the Shenyang J-5, a Chinese aircraft developed from the MiG-17, which is used by North Korea in the ground attack role and in other countries as a trainer.
See also[edit]
Fighter aircraft generations
List of jet aircraft of World War II
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Aerospaceweb.org | Ask Us - Fighter Generations
Jump up ^ Radinger, Will and Schick Walter. Me262 (in German). Berlin: Avantic Verlag GmbH, 1996. ISBN 3-925505-21-0, page 23
Jump up ^ # Francillon, Réne J. Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War. London: Putnam & Company Ltd., 1970 (2nd edition 1979). ISBN 0-370-30251-6.
^ Jump up to: a b Genesis Of the Me262
Jump up ^ Loftin, L.K. Jr. Quest for Performance: The Evolution of Modern Aircraft. NASA SP-468. Retrieved: 22 April 2006.
Jump up ^ Christopher, John. The Race for Hitler's X-Planes (History Press, The Mill, Gloucestershire, 2013, p.48.
Jump up ^ Early Soviet Jet Fighter Development
Jump up ^ # Knaack, Marcelle Size. Encyclopedia of U.S. Air Force Aircraft and Missile Systems: Volume 1 Post-World War II Fighters 1945–1973. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1978. ISBN 0-912799-59-5.
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First generation (1942–1950)
Second generation (1950–1960)
Third generation (1960–1975)
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