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Godless (TV series)
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Godless
Genre
Western
Drama
Created by
Scott Frank
Written by
Scott Frank
Directed by
Scott Frank
Starring
Jack O'Connell
Michelle Dockery
Scoot McNairy
Merritt Wever
Thomas Brodie-Sangster
Tantoo Cardinal
Kim Coates
Sam Waterston
Jeff Daniels
Music by
Carlos Rafael Rivera
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
7
Production
Executive producer(s)
Scott Frank
Steven Soderbergh
Casey Silver
Producer(s)
Jessica Levin
Michael Malone
Location(s)
Santa Fe, New Mexico
Cinematography
Steven Meizler
Editor(s)
Michelle Tesoro
Camera setup
Single-camera
Running time
41–80 minutes
Production company(s)
Casey Silver Productions
Extension 765
Flitcraft, Ltd.
Distributor
Netflix
Release
Original network
Netflix
Original release
November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
External links
Website
Godless is an American television drama mini-series created by Scott Frank for Netflix.[1] The seven-episode limited series began production in Santa Fe, New Mexico in September 2016, and was released on Netflix globally on November 22, 2017.[2][3] The series received positive reviews,[4][5] and was named one of the year's 10 best by The Washington Post and Vanity Fair.[6][7]
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Main
1.2 Recurring
1.3 Guest
2 Episodes
3 Reception
3.1 Awards and nominations
3.1.1 Critics' Choice Television Awards
3.1.2 Directors Guild of America
3.1.3 GLAAD Media Award
3.1.4 Screen Actors Guild Award
3.1.5 Writers Guild of America West
4 References
5 External links
Cast[edit]
Main[edit]
Jack O'Connell as Roy Goode, an injured outlaw on the run from his former boss, Frank Griffin. He was orphaned at a young age and was taken in by Griffin. He ultimately breaks up a robbery and takes off with the loot, splitting from his father figure after he no longer can stomach his behavior.[8]
Michelle Dockery as Alice Fletcher.[9]
Scoot McNairy as Bill McNue, the aging sheriff of La Belle and brother of Mary Agnes.[2]
Merritt Wever as Mary Agnes McNue, the brash widow of the late mayor of La Belle, a town where almost all of the men have died in a mining accident,[10] and sister of sheriff Bill McNue.
Thomas Brodie-Sangster as Whitey Winn, the town deputy who is devoted to the town and the sheriff and afraid of no one.[10]
Tantoo Cardinal as Iyovi, Alice's Paiute mother-in-law.
Kim Coates as Ed Logan, an arrogant and abrasive company man who comes into La Belle.[2]
Sam Waterston as Marshal John Cook, the law in Santa Fe who is on the hunt for Griffin. (3 episodes)[2]
Jeff Daniels as Frank Griffin, a menacing outlaw who is terrorizing the West as he hunts down Roy, his son-like partner turned mortal enemy.[11]
Recurring[edit]
Samuel Marty as Truckee, Alice's son.
Tess Frazer as Callie Dunne, a former prostitute, current teacher and lover of Mary Agnes McNue.
Samantha Soule as Charlotte Temple, a nervous and put-together woman always in her Sunday best.
Audrey Moore as Sarah Doyle, a randy woman in her thirties dying for a man’s company.[2]
Jeremy Bobb as A.T. Grigg, the editor of the Santa Fe Daily Review, who has been obsessed for years with writing about the Griffin Gang.[10]
Adam David Thompson as Gatz Brown, Griffin’s righthand man.
Russell Dennis Louis as Daryl Devlin, murderous twin brother of Donnie in Griffin’s gang of outlaws.
Matthew Dennis Louis as Donnie Devlin, murderous twin brother of Daryl in Griffin’s gang of outlaws.
Joe Pingue as Alonzo Bunker, a member of Griffin’s gang of outlaws.
Justin Welborn as Floyd Wilson, a skillful tracker in Griffin’s gang of outlaws.[2]
Keith Jardine as Dyer Howe, a member of Griffin’s gang of outlaws who is especially useful with knives.
Christiane Seidel as Martha, a mysterious German woman who raises some suspicion in La Belle[2]
Kayli Carter as Sadie Rose, a widow of La Belle
Russell G. Jones as Hiram, one of the only surviving men of La Belle.
Randy Oglesby as Asa Leopold, one of the only surviving men of La Belle who runs the dry goods store.[2]
Duane Howard as Shoshone Brave, a mysterious figure with a dog companion who is trailing Bill McNue.
Jessica Sula as Louise Hobbs, Whitey’s love interest and a skilled violinist.
Erik LaRay Harvey as Elias Hobbs, Louise’s father and a Civil War veteran.
Rob Morgan as John Randall, a Civil War veteran.[12]
Julian Grey as William McNue, Bill’s son
Marie Wagenman as Trudy McNue, Bill’s daughter
Guest[edit]
Christopher Fitzgerald as J.J. Valentine, the smooth talking president of the Quicksilver Mining Company looking to take over the mine in La Belle.[2]
Whitney Able as Anna McNue, Bill McNue's deceased wife, who died giving birth to their daughter.[13]
Episodes[edit]
No.
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original release date
1
"An Incident at Creede" Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)[14]
Marshal John Cook discovers a train wreck in Creede, Colorado, where all aboard were killed. Cook believes this to be the work of Frank Griffin, a notorious outlaw, in response to his son-figure, Roy Goode, betraying him. Roy winds up at the ranch of Alice Fletcher outside La Belle, New Mexico. Alice shoots Roy, but nurses him back to health with the help of Iyovi, her Paiute mother-in-law, and Truckee, Alice's mixed-race son. Cook arrives in La Belle, a town of mostly women after most men were killed in a mining accident. He alerts Sheriff Bill McNue of the incident at Creede. Bill goes to Alice's ranch, where he meets Roy who explains the event; Roy stole the money Frank and his gang stole from the train, drew the gang away, then faced them down in a canyon where Roy shot off Frank's left arm. Roy surrenders to Bill who takes him into custody.
2
"The Ladies of La Belle" Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
The Quicksilver Mining Company, led by J.J. Valentine and accompanied by head of security Ed Logan, arrive in La Belle to discuss the future of the mine. Quicksilver proposes a deal to get La Belle back on its feet. While Mary Agnes McNue, Bill's sister and the widow of the town mayor, believes the deal to be suspicious, she is overruled and the town takes the deal. Frank confronts A.T. Grigg, a newspaper editor, and forces him to write an article enhancing Frank's image. Bill and Roy discuss finding Frank before he tracks Roy to La Belle. Bill goes off in search of Frank, leaving his deputy Whitey Winn in charge of Roy. However, Alice breaks Roy out. Alice strikes a deal with Roy, giving him food, a place to sleep, and teaching him to read in exchange for him breaking her horses. Bill hears a story from a cafe patron about a gang of 25 men (the size of Frank's gang). Bill then schedules a meeting with Cook.
3
"Wisdom of the Horse" Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
Bill rides to the canyon where Roy stood down Frank's gang. Bill meets a Native American on a horse, who points out Bill's deteriorating eyesight and tells him he's "lost his shadow". Cook meets with Valentine, and Cook urges Quicksilver to get down to La Belle and protect the town against Frank Griffin. At Alice's ranch, Whitey, Mary Agnes, and other townsfolk arrive, asking for Roy back; however, they do not know it is really Roy Goode, as Bill told Whitey and others his name was "Mr. Ward". Alice strikes a deal, agreeing to sell her surplus of horses to the town if Roy can stay and break them. Bill stumbles upon a family traumatized by a run-in with Frank and his gang, and the family urges Bill to find and kill Frank. Meanwhile, Whitey goes to Blackdom, a small village near La Belle made up of Buffalo Soldiers, to take violin lessons from Louise, a girl he has a crush on; however, the village does not take kindly to him. Mary Agnes shares a moment with Callie, her lover and the town teacher. Grigg publishes Frank's story, saying the gang is coming for Roy and will kill Roy and anyone who protects him. Logan arrives at La Belle with his security men and declares himself "the law" with Bill's absence. Whitey is warned to be wary of the Buffalo Soldiers. Cook arrives at his meeting place with Bill. However, Cook is surprised by the appearance of the Griffin Gang, who shoot and kill Cook.
4
"Fathers & Sons" Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
Bill arrives at the meeting place and finds Cook's dead body. After noticing the local law's lack of interest in doing anything, and seeing that a Griffin gang member stole Cook's badge, Bill becomes more motivated to find Frank. The Griffin Gang finds a sick house, where Frank decides to help the sick; he is unafraid to do so as he's "seen his death" and "this ain't it" (a recurring phrase throughout the series). Roy goes hunting with Truckee and Iyovi, where he finds a box of mail in a crashed stage coach. Logan goes to Blackdom and tells the Buffalo Soldiers if they keep to themselves, Quicksilver will divert a river to the village. Grigg, believing Roy to be in La Belle, goes there, but the townsfolk (not knowing Roy is "Mr. Ward") tell him he is being fooled. A flashback introduces Lucy Cole, a nun who cared for Roy and his brother Jim as children. Whitey is told by Louise's father to stay away. After seeing Louise's father beating her, Whitey nearly shoots him, but stops after seeing Roy; Whitey talks to Roy and realizes Roy is a good man. Bill encounters Frank and his gang. After initially trying to fool Frank, Bill admits he is the law. Frank, however, leaves with his gang, as he's not afraid of Bill.
5
"Shot the Head off a Snake" Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
Flashbacks show Roy's relationship with Frank and Frank's focus on the gang being family, as well as Roy meeting Frank after leaving Lucy. In the present, Grigg speaks with Charlotte, a calm, religious La Belle resident. Grigg learns of the man at the Fletcher ranch, which he hypothesizes is Roy. Mary Agnes sees Callie with another woman, leading to an argument in the street; she and Whitey wallow in their heartbreak together. Roy and Alice read some of the mail he found, showing his quick learning. Frank and the gang come upon the last known location of Lucy, but she is gone, but know she bought a nearby saloon. Roy shares a moment with Alice, telling her that he became his own father and no longer needed Frank as a surrogate. Grigg sees "Mr. Ward" and knows it to be Roy, and rides off to report his sighting.
6
"Dear Roy..." Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
Grigg begins a special edition of his paper which will report Roy being in La Belle. Instead of warning the people, Grigg wants a shootout so he has a story to report. Mary Agnes reunites with Callie. Roy prepares to leave the ranch, and finally reads the letter from his brother Jim (which he received from Lucy in a flashback), revealing him to be in California. Truckee learns Roy plans to leave and becomes furious, lashing out at him, making Roy emotional. Alice approaches Roy and they have sex. The next morning, Roy rides off, but leaves the letter for Alice to read, which she does. Frank reads Grigg's article, and rides off to La Belle.
7
"Homecoming" Scott Frank Scott Frank November 22, 2017 (2017-11-22)
Callie, Mary Agnes, and a few other women read Grigg's paper, where they realize that "Mr. Ward" was actually Roy Goode and has led the Griffin Gang to La Belle. The women go to Alice's ranch, but Roy has already left. Mary Agnes suggests riding to the hills and making Frank believe La Belle is deserted, but find Logan and his men have stolen the horses and fled. Truckee runs away, searching for Roy. Grigg returns to La Belle to report the impending battle. Whitey goes to Blackdom and tries to get the buffalo soldiers to fight with La Belle. Roy and Bill both stumble upon Logan and his men with the horses; they incapacitate the men, take the horses, and ride to La Belle. Frank and his men go to Blackdom, where he attempts to get them to stay out of the fight; however, the people have history with Frank, which leads to a shootout where nearly all of Blackdom are killed. Whitey, however, arrives and saves Louise. Mary Agnes and the women arm themselves and enter the hotel (the only building not made of wood). Alice goes looking for Truckee, but upon seeing the Griffin Gang, goes to La Belle and joins the fight. As the gang arrives, Whitey goes out to confront the gang, but is killed by a thrown knife. A large shootout begins. Soon after, Roy and Bill arrive and join the fight. Many citizens of La Belle and all of the Griffin Gang are killed, but Frank flees. Roy gives pursuit. Frank finds Truckee, who share a brief encounter over Truckee's now-injured horse. Roy then confronts Frank, and shoots Frank in the chest. Frank says "I've seen my death, this ain't it." Roy coldly tells Frank "you've seen wrong" before shooting him in the head, killing him. The survivors hold a funeral for the fallen, when the long awaited preacher finally arrives and gives a eulogy for Whitey. Roy says goodbye to Alice and Truckee, and tells Bill to take care of them. Roy recovers from his wound and rides to California. Later, Alice finds a satchel of money left for her by Roy. Roy arrives at the coast as the screen fades to black.
Reception[edit]
The series received positive reviews. Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave it a 91% "fresh" rating and average rating of 7.99 out of 10, based on 46 reviews, with critics consensus, "Vistas and violence root Godless firmly in traditional Western territory, but its female-driven ensemble sets it apart in a male-dominated genre."[5] On Metacritic, it has a score of 76 out of 100, based on 20 reviews, indicating "generally favorable reviews".[4]
Alan Sepinwall from Uproxx reviewed it positively, saying, "Godless doesn’t quite find that happy middle, but the storytelling excesses created by this format make it more fun than the traditional movie version probably would have been."[15]
Vanity Fair and The Washington Post included Godless on their "best shows of 2017" lists.[6][7]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Critics' Choice Television Awards[edit]
Year
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref
2017 Best Limited Series Godless Nominated [16]
Best Actor in a Movie/Limited Series Jeff Daniels Nominated
Jack O’Connell Nominated
Directors Guild of America[edit]
Year
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref
2017 Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Movies for Television and Mini-Series Scott Frank Nominated [17]
GLAAD Media Award[edit]
Year
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref
2018 Outstanding TV Movie or Limited Series Godless Pending [18]
Screen Actors Guild Award[edit]
Year
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref
2018 Outstanding Performance by a Male Actor in a Television Movie or Limited Series Jeff Daniels Nominated [19]
Writers Guild of America West[edit]
Year
Category
Nominee
Result
Ref
2018 Outstanding Writing for a Long Form – Original Scott Frank Pending [20]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Netflix Sets 'Godless' Limited Series From Scott Frank & Steven Soderbergh". Deadline. March 1, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i "'Godless' Adds Sam Waterston, Kim Coates, More; Scoot McNairy Confirmed". Deadline. September 6, 2016. Retrieved September 6, 2016.
Jump up ^ Snierson, Dan (August 23, 2017). "Godless: Get a First Look at Steven Soderbergh's Western Series for Netflix". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 23, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Godless reviews". Metacritic. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Godless: Miniseries (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved November 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Struever, Hank (December 6, 2017). "Best TV shows of 2017: 'Twin Peaks,' 'Handmaid's Tale,' 'Vietnam War' and more". The Washington Post. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Robinson, Joanna (December 7, 2017). "The Best New TV Shows of 2017". Vanity Fair. Retrieved December 8, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jack O'Connell to Star in Netflix Series 'Godless'". The Wrap. May 11, 2016. Retrieved June 1, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Michelle Dockery Cast As Female Lead In Netflix's 'Godless' Miniseries". Deadline. July 25, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Jeff Daniels, Merritt Wever to Star in Netflix Western 'Godless'". Hollywood Reporter. June 13, 2016. Retrieved July 25, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Jeff Daniels, Scoot McNairy In Talks To Board Scott Frank's 'Godless'". Deadline. May 27, 2016. Retrieved June 9, 2016.
Jump up ^ "'Godless': Rob Morgan Joins Netflix Limited Series; Dustin Ingram In CMT's 'Million Dollar Quartet'". Deadline. June 22, 2016. Retrieved September 26, 2016.
Jump up ^ "'Godless': Whitney Able & Samantha Soule Join Netflix Limited Series".
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise. "'Godless' Gets November Premiere Date On Netflix". Deadline. Retrieved November 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Netflix Heads West To A Town Without Men In 'Godless'". November 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Tapley, Kristopher (December 6, 2017). "Netflix, FX's 'Feud' Lead Critics' Choice TV Nominations". Variety. Retrieved February 4, 2018.
Jump up ^ "DGA Announces Nominees for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Television, Commercials and Documentary for 2017". Directors Guild of America. January 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "29th Annual GLAAD Media Awards". GLAAD. January 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Nominations Announced for the 24th Annual Screen Actors Guild Awards" (PDF). Screen Actors Guild. December 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Writers Guild Awards: Television, New Media, News, Radio/Audio, & Promotional Writing Nominations Announced". Writers Guild of America West. December 7, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
Godless on IMDb
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Passenger vehicles in the United States
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Note: this article adopts the U.S. Department of Transportation's definition of a passenger vehicle, to mean a car or truck, used for passengers, excluding buses and trains.
The United States is home to the second largest passenger vehicle market of any country in the world, second now[when?] to China.[1] Overall, there were an estimated 263.6 million registered passenger vehicles in the United States in 2015.[2] This number, along with the average age of vehicles, has increased steadily since 1960. The United States is also home to three large vehicle manufacturers: General Motors, Ford Motor Company, and Chrysler, which have historically been referred to as the "Big Three".
Contents
[hide]
1 Statistics
1.1 Total number of vehicles
1.2 Vehicles in Operation (VIO)
1.3 Sales
1.4 Pricing
1.5 Fuel economy
1.6 Body style and size
1.7 VMT
2 Manufacturing
2.1 Domestic vehicles
2.2 Import vehicles
2.3 Big Three
2.3.1 General Motors
2.3.2 Ford Motor Company
2.3.3 Chrysler
2.4 Other automakers with manufacturing operations in the United States
2.4.1 BMW
2.4.2 Honda
2.4.3 Hyundai
2.4.4 Kia Motors
2.4.5 Mazda
2.4.6 Mercedes-Benz
2.4.7 Nissan
2.4.8 Subaru
2.4.9 Tesla Motors
2.4.10 Toyota Motor Corporation
2.4.11 Volkswagen
2.5 Future
3 Domestic marques - Big Three
4 Domestic marques - non-Big Three
5 Import marques, with some assembly in the U.S.
6 Import-only marques
7 See also
8 References
Statistics[edit]
The United States Department of Transportation's Federal Highway Administration as well as the National Automobile Dealers Association have published data in regard to the total number of vehicles, growth trends, and ratios between licensed drivers, the general population, and the increasing number of vehicles on American roads. Overall passenger vehicles have been outnumbering licensed drivers since 1972 at an ever-increasing rate, while light trucks and vehicles manufactured by foreign marques have gained a larger share of the automotive market in the United States. In 2001, 70% of Americans drove to work in cars.[3] New York City is the only locality in the country where more than half of all households do not own a car (the figure is even higher in Manhattan, over 75%; nationally, the rate is 8%).[3]
Total number of vehicles[edit]
There are two types of sources for vehicle registration data, known as Vehicles in Operation (VIO): governmental sources such as the Bureau of Transportation Statistics and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA), and commercial, for-profit companies such as IHS and Hedges & Company.
According to the Bureau of Transportation Statistics for 2012, there were 254,639,386 registered vehicles. Of these, 183,171,882 were classified as "Light duty vehicle, short wheel base", while another 50,588,676 were listed as "Light duty vehicle, long wheel base". Another 8,190,286 were classified as vehicles with two axles and six or more tires and 2,469,094 were classified as "Truck, combination". There were 8,454,939 motorcycles also listed along with 764,509 buses.[4]
According to cumulative data[1] by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) the number of motor vehicles increased steadily from 1960 to 2006, only stagnating once in 1997 and declining from 1990 to 1991. Otherwise the number of motor vehicles during that period rose by an estimated 3.69 million each year since 1960 with the largest annual growth between 1998 and 1999 as well as between 2000 and 2001 when the number of motor vehicles in the United States increased by eight million.[1] Since the study by the FHWA, the number of vehicles has increased by approximately eleven million, one of the largest recorded increases. The largest percentage increase was between the years of 1972 and 1973 when the number of cars increased by 5.88%.[citation needed]
There are three main reasons commercial VIO data differs from data from the US government. The first is due to variation when data is reported by states to the US government. States are required to report registrations using form FHWA-561 once per calendar year or fiscal year. Forty six states end their fiscal year on June 30 and four end in March, August or September. This data is due to the FHWA by January 1 of the following year, creating a lag time of about six months and thereby not accounting for half a year of changes. Second, the government's definitions of vehicle classifications change over time. A footnote added to FHWA datafiles states, "...Data for 2007-10 were calculated using a new methodology developed by FHWA. Data for these years are based on new categories and are not comparable to previous years". Third, the government can include vehicles not in use, or double-count vehicles that have been transferred across two states. According to the FHWA Office of Highway Policy Information], "Although many States continue to register specific vehicle types on a calendar year basis, all States use some form of the "staggered" system to register motor vehicles. Registration practices for commercial vehicles differ greatly among States. The FHWA data include all vehicles which have been registered at any time throughout the calendar year. Data include vehicles which were retired during the year and vehicles that were registered in more than one State. In some States, it is also possible that contrary to the FHWA reporting instructions, vehicles which have been registered twice in the same State may be reported as two vehicles".[5][6] (All italics added for emphasis.)
Vehicles in Operation (VIO)[edit]
In the year 2001, the National Automobile Dealers Association conducted a study revealing the average age of vehicles in operation in the US. The study found that of vehicles in operation in the US, 38.3% were older than ten years, 22.3% were between seven and ten years old, 25.8% were between three and six years old, and 13.5% were less than two years old. According to this study the majority of vehicles, 60.6%, of vehicles were older than seven years in 2001.[7] This relatively high age of automobiles in the US might be explained by unaffordable prices for comparable new replacement vehicles and a corresponding gradual decline in sales figures since 1998.[8] Also, many Americans own three or more vehicles. The low marginal cost of registering and insuring additional older vehicles, many of which are rarely used, could cause the study to be skewed as these vehicles are still given full weight in the statistics.
The median and mean age of automobiles has steadily increased since 1969. In 2007, the overall median age for automobiles was 9.4 years, a significant increase over 1990 when the median age of vehicles in operation in the US was 6.5 years and 1969 when the mean age for automobiles was 5.1 years.[9] Of all body styles, pick-up trucks had the highest mean age in 2001 (9.4 years), followed by cars with a mean age of 8.4 years and van with a mean age of 7.0 years. As SUVs are part of a relatively new consumer trend originating mostly in the 1990s, SUVs had the lowest mean age of any body style in the US (6.1 years). The average recreational vehicle was even older with a mean age of 12.5. For all body styles the mean vehicle age increased fairly steadily from 1969 to 2001.[9]
In March 2009, RL Polk released a study conducted between 2007 and 2008 which indicated that the median age of passenger cars in operation in the US increased to 9.4 years, and that the median age for light trucks increased from 7.1 years in 2007 to 7.5 years in 2008. As of 2011[update], the median age for all vehicles in the US had risen to 10.8 years.[10] While the age has increased the number of service/repairs has remained the same at 4.2 times per year. That number took a decline in 2010 to 3.6. This number includes the effect of the 2009 Car Allowance Rebate System program, also known as "Cash for Clunkers", in which approximately 850,000 vehicles were bought and scrapped by the federal government.
Sales[edit]
A typical American car dealership in Fremont, California. Between 2002 and 2003, the number of vehicles in the United States increased by three million.
In the year 2009, in the largest decline during economic crisis, fewer than 6 million new passenger cars were sold in the United States, and the total number of new sold and leased cars and light trucks dropped to just above 13 million from a normal pre-crisis level of 20 million.[8] The number of cars sold in the US decreased at a continuous rate since 2000, when 9 million passenger cars were sold in the US. 1985 was a record year with cars sales totaling just over 11 million.[8]
In 2006, the sales of vehicles made in NAFTA states totaled 5.5 million, while the sale of imported vehicles totaled 2.2 million. 923,000 vehicles were imported from Japan, making it the greatest exporter of vehicles to the US. Germany was the second largest exporter of vehicles to the US, with 534,000 units exported to the US in 2006. Imports from all other nations, except Germany and Japan, totaled 729,000.[11]
Pricing[edit]
Full-size SUVs such as the Chevrolet Suburban had an average sticker price of $42k, but were sold for an average 22% discount, bringing the net price down to $33k. Overall, large non-luxury SUVs featured the largest discounts in the SUV segment (Edmunds.com).
In July 2004, Edmunds.com published a report stating that the average sticker price on a vehicle sold in the United States was $29,746.[12] However, in the US, passenger vehicles are commonly sold at considerable discounts and customers rarely pay the sticker price or MSRP (Manufacturer's Suggested Retail Price).[12] The discount is commonly determined by the company's marketing strategies and tends to be larger the slower selling a vehicle is. Due to what many American consumers have perceived as a declining quality among the automobiles manufactured by the "Big Three" and large fixed labor and capital costs, discounts tend to be larger on domestic vehicles. In 2003 the average discount on a domestic vehicle was 20.6% below MSRP. For Japanese and Korean vehicles the average discount was 10% and 12.8%. The lowest discounts were given on vehicles from European manufacturers, where the average discount was 7.7% below MSRP.[13]
Overall, the average discount in July 2004 was $4,982 (16.8%), meaning that while the average MSRP was almost $30,000, the average buyer of a new car paid only $24,764.[12] Dr. Jane Liu, the Vice President of Data Analysis for Edmunds.com further stated that, "New models are being introduced at higher price points, but the competitiveness of the market is dramatically pushing down net prices, resulting in a record average discount". The lowest discounts among all car segments were given on luxury SUVs, where buyers received an average 10% discount, resulting in a $43,725 net price, versus the sticker price of $48,586.[12]
Fuel economy[edit]
A Hummer H2, popular in the early 2000s but later discontinued, has an estimated fuel economy of 9 miles per gallon (MPG), and is often criticized by environmentalist groups for its poor fuel economy.
The new Toyota Prius Hybrid with Eco Mode features an EPA fuel economy rating of 58 MPG city and 53 highway, the most fuel efficient non-plug-in vehicle sold in the United States.[14]
The American automobile industry became notorious for the manufacture of gas guzzlers during the 1960s and 1970s when fuel prices and consumer awareness concerning fuel economy were at an all-time low.[citation needed] In the 1960s and 1970s, American-made cars took on enormous proportions as consumers placed their emphasis on comfort, power and style. Large sedans from this era came to be known as land yachts, often rivaling today's largest pick-up trucks in terms of length and width. In 1977, the Lincoln Continental Mark V was reviewed by the German automobile magazine, auto motor und sport and still holds the record for the worst fuel economy of any vehicle ever tested by the magazine with an average of 7 MPG.[citation needed]
Following the 1973 oil crisis; however, smaller vehicles, often imported from Japan, became more and more popular with the American public as these vehicles featured better fuel economy ratings. In the late 1970s, the US government passed minimum fuel economy standards.[citation needed] In the 1980s, American automobile manufacturers drastically downsized their cars. Only a few vehicles, such as those using the Ford Panther platform retained their original size.
Many American manufacturers again increased the size of their vehicles in the 1990s, while better technology allowed for better fuel economy ratings among sedans[citation needed]. USDOT MPG statistics differ dramatically from Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) statistics, with the latter being a sales-weighted composite and therefore presenting a more realistic picture of fuel economy in the USA. For example, for 2008, the CAFE composite was 28.2 mpg, substantially larger than the 17.2 mpg compiled by the USDOT.[citation needed]
The average motor vehicle, including light trucks, in the US had a fuel economy rating of 17.1 MPG or 13.8 liters per 100 kilometers[citation needed]. The average fuel economy for passenger vehicles in the United States has remained stagnant throughout the 1990s and 2000s, peaking in 2001 and 2004. The 90s saw the slowest increase in fuel economy since 1960, with fuel economy increasing from 16.4 MPG in 1990 to 16.9 MPG in 2001. This is in contrast to the 1980s when the average fuel economy improved somewhat more significantly from 13.3 MPG in 1980 to 16.4 MPG in 1990.[15] The increase in fuel economy during the 1990s is largely due to the rising popularity of Sport utility vehicles (SUV), whose status as light trucks gains them exception from the fuel economy restrictions placed on sedans and other cars.
Body style and size[edit]
Mainstream mid-size sedans such as the Chevrolet Impala or Ford Taurus are often perceived to be the typical and most common body style in the United States. While mid-size sedans are indeed among the country's best selling vehicles, pick-up trucks held the top positions until mid-2008, rivaling sedans in the terms of total numbers sold. In the year 2006, the best selling models were the Ford F-Series with 796,039 units sold and the Chevrolet Silverado with 636,069 units sold. The Toyota Camry, Dodge Ram, and Honda Accord held the next three positions as the best selling cars. Rising oil prices stripped pick-up trucks of the " Best selling vehicle type" title in mid-2008. The Toyota Corolla currently holds the title.[16]
VMT[edit]
Passenger vehicles miles traveled in the United States are included in the VMT statistics.
According to some datas, Americans cars are droved at least twice as much as those of European countries, in VMT units.
Americans cars have transported 3,235,752 millions Passenger-Miles in the US, in 2006, according to the DoT.[17](against 4,678 billion passenger kilometers [18] in the EU-27).
In the US, car occupancy, is near of 1.7 people per car [19], (against around 1.5 occupant(s) by car in EU[20]).
Manufacturing[edit]
The Mercury Milan, despite being manufactured in Mexico, is still considered a domestic vehicle.
The Saab 9-7X, despite being manufactured in the US by GM, is still considered an import vehicle.
The US was the largest producer of vehicles in the world in 2003, followed by Japan and Germany. While most vehicles sold in the US were manufactured by the Big Three, foreign corporations such as Japan's Toyota Motor Company have starting manufacturing in the US and are now an integrated part of the US automobile industry. According to many sources, the extended US operations of foreign based companies now rival those of American automobile manufacturers. For example, Toyota Motor Company now operates twelve manufacturing plants in the US, producing 1.55 million vehicles, 61.66% of the roughly 2.5 million vehicles the company sells in the US each year.[21]
A wide variety of vehicles are manufactured in the United States, from compact cars to full-size luxury vehicles.[22] The American automobile industry itself is probably best known for the manufacture of large cars, leading to the common public perception of American cars being larger than those from other countries and making the US well known for the production of so-called land yachts.
Domestic vehicles[edit]
While the denotation of domestic vehicle includes all vehicles made in the United States, the term Domestic vehicle in the United States is usually only applied to vehicles made by the "Big Three", their traditional marques, and Tesla Motors.[23] The term domestic vehicle does not include vehicles sold under marques who used to be headquartered outside the United States and are now owned by the Ford Motor Company or General Motors. Ironically, vehicles made outside the US by the traditional marques of the "Big Three" are considered to be domestic vehicles, while vehicles made inside the US by foreign manufacturers are not considered domestic, but rather import vehicles.[23]
The Mercedes-Benz R-Class is one of many vehicles that is marketed as an import vehicle due to the national origin of its manufacturer, yet is manufactured in the United States.
Import vehicles[edit]
As with the term, domestic vehicles, there is a legal definition for import vehicles but popular usage of the term, and popular views of what constitutes an "import" vehicle, vary widely.
For the purposes of Federal regulations, such as Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) and the American Automobile Labeling Act of 1994 (AALA),[24] vehicles produced in the United States, regardless of brand, are considered "domestic", while vehicles produced outside the United States are considered "imported".
However, many Americans view a Toyota vehicle made in Kentucky, a Saab built in Ohio, or a Mercedes-Benz vehicle made in Alabama as an "import" (or import marque), while others view a Pontiac vehicle made in Australia as a "domestic" vehicle. This perception is due to the respective brands' longstanding association with their parent countries: Toyota with Japan, Mercedes-Benz with Germany, and Pontiac with the United States.
The country of origin of any particular vehicle can be easily determined:
The AALA requires that passenger vehicles manufactured after October 1, 1994 must have labels specifying their percentage value of U.S./Canadian parts content, the country of assembly, and countries of origin of the engine and transmission. These are typically part of, or adjacent, to the vehicle's Monroney sticker.
Each vehicle sold in the United States carries a Vehicle Identification Number, as required by NHTSA regulation — Title 49, Part 565 of the U.S. Code.[25]
The VIN identifies the vehicle's country of manufacture, and the company responsible for its production. Vehicles manufactured in the United States have VINs beginning with the numbers 1, 4, and 5 — regardless of where the company is based. If a motor vehicle is manufactured in Canada, the VIN begins with the number 2. Thus, a Toyota Camry made in the U.S. will have a 1, 4, or 5 at the start of its VIN, while one imported from Japan will begin with the letter J.
In the year 2000, according to an article in the magazine Motor, BMW attempted to label its "X5" Sport utility vehicle, made in Spartanburg, South Carolina with a VIN beginning with the letter W — indicating the vehicle was made in Germany. A spokesman for the Society of Automotive Engineers, the agency responsible for assigning the three-digit "World Manufacturer Identifier" that begins the VIN label, was quoted as saying "We assign (codes) according to the dirt the plant's built on, not the headquarters of the company".[26]
Big Three[edit]
"The Big Three" refers to the three largest automobile manufacturers headquartered in the United States. While there have been roughly 1,800 car manufacturers in the US over the course of the 20th century, only three large corporations with considerable sales numbers were left by the 1980s. The term is applied to General Motors, the Ford Motor Company, and the Chrysler Corporation.
General Motors[edit]
The Renaissance Center in downtown Detroit serves as the global headquarters of General Motors.
See General Motors for a complete overview of the corporation
General Motors is the largest automobile manufacturer in the United States and was also the world's largest for 77 years. However, in 2008, GM was passed by Toyota.[27] GM is headquartered at the Renaissance Center in downtown Detroit, employs approximately 216,000 people, sold 9.025 million cars worldwide, and had a US$152.35 billion billion revenue for the year 2015. The corporation sells its vehicles in the United States under the following divisions and subsidiaries:[28]
Buick
Cadillac
Chevrolet
GMC
Hummer, defunct as of 2010
Pontiac defunct as of 2010
Saturn Corporation defunct as of 2010-11
Oldsmobile defunct as of 2005
Ford Motor Company[edit]
A Ford assembly line in 1913, ten years after the company was founded in 1903.
See Ford Motor Company for a complete overview of the corporation
The Ford Motor Company (FoMoCo) was founded in 1903 by Henry Ford, and is America's second largest and the world's third largest vehicle manufacturer according to total sales volume. In 2015, the Ford Motor Company had a total revenue of $149.5 billion and 199,000 employees worldwide. The corporation sells vehicles under the following brand names and subsidiaries:[29]
Ford Motor Company
Lincoln
Mercury defunct as of 2011
Chrysler[edit]
The Chrysler 300 has become one of the best selling American upscale sedans and has contributed to the Chrysler brand's revival, according to many critics.
See Chrysler for more detailed description
Founded in 1925 by Walter Percy Chrysler, the Chrysler Corporation has since been one of the most important American automobile manufacturers, consistently ranking as the third-largest for most of the post-war period. The company followed GM's "move up" model, with the Chrysler brand (and the Imperial brand from 1955–1975) being the flagship luxury make.
In 1998, the Chrysler Corporation officially merged with Daimler-Benz of Germany, into a new entity, DaimlerChrysler (DCX), which is headquartered both in Stuttgart, Germany and Auburn Hills, Michigan (where the pre-merger headquarters of DaimlerBenz and Chrysler, respectively, were located). This raised a dispute on whether Chrysler (or, more specifically, the Chrysler Group within DCX, which consists of most former Chrysler Corporation operations and is headquartered in Auburn Hills) can still be seen as a domestic manufacturer. Nevertheless, the term "Big Three" still applied. Chrysler entered into bankruptcy in 2008, and is now owned by the Italian car maker FIAT and the United Auto Workers Union.
In 2005, the Chrysler Group employed 83,130 people and sold 2.83 million vehicles globally, generating $57.4 billion in revenue.
With the merger of Chrysler and Fiat in 2014, the new company's name became Fiat Chrysler Automobiles (FCA) in December 2014.
Chrysler manufactures and sells vehicles under the following brands:
Chrysler
DeSoto defunct 1961
Dodge
Imperial defunct 1975
Jeep (acquired in 1987 after Chrysler absorbed American Motors' business assets from its parent owner Renault)
Ram Trucks (formerly Dodge Truck Division)
Plymouth defunct in 2001
AMC defunct in 1987 (remaining stock purchased by Chrysler Corporation from Renault)
Eagle defunct in 1998 (was established as the successor to American Motors)
SRT defunct as of 2014 (consolidated back into Dodge)
Other automakers with manufacturing operations in the United States[edit]
The best-selling passenger car in the United States is not one from the Big Three, but the Toyota Camry, although it is also manufactured in the US
BMW[edit]
See BMW for a complete overview of the corporation
BMW opened its American manufacturing plant in Spartanburg, South Carolina in 1994, to manufacture the Z3 roadster, later replaced by the Z4 model. Since 2000, the plant also manufactures the X3, X5 and X6 SUV. All those models are made exclusively at Spartanburg for both the domestic market and worldwide exports (not counting CKD operations in some countries).
Honda[edit]
See Honda for a complete overview of the corporation
Honda was the first Japanese automaker to build a factory in the United States. Following the success of the Civic and Accord, the company opened a new plant in Marysville, Ohio in 1982 to assemble the model, which went on to become the most popular car in the US in 1989. Honda expanded their operations and the scope of models manufactured in the US, building the Anna engine plant and East Liberty automobile assembly plant, and in 2001 opening Honda Manufacturing of Alabama in Lincoln. Most models sold under the Honda and Acura brands in North America are currently manufactured in either the U.S. or Canada.
Others, such as the Honda Fit, Honda S2000, Acura TSX, and Acura RL, were imported from Japan. Some vehicles, such as the older CR-V (in the eastern United States) and the Civic SI hatchback, were imported from the UK. Some Accord passenger cars were imported from Mexico and starting from 2008 all CR-V's sold in the Americas are made in Mexico, in the early 2000s. In 2009, production of 4-door Civic sedans began at a new factory in Greensburg, Indiana.
Hyundai[edit]
See Hyundai Motor Manufacturing Alabama for more detailed description
Hyundai Motor Company started manufacturing in the United States in 2005, when their plant in Montgomery, Alabama started the production of the Sonata sedan. It was joined in 2006 by the new Santa Fe SUV.
Kia Motors[edit]
See Kia Motors for more detailed description
Kia Motor Company, partially owned by Hyundai, has built a manufacturing plant in West Point, Georgia, which produces the Optima sedan and the Kia Sorento SUV.
Mazda[edit]
See AutoAlliance International for more detailed description
The last Mazda 6 rolled off the line on Friday, August 24, 2012, with Mazda discontinuing production on American soil, effectively ending the 20 year joint-venture between Mazda and Ford. Mazda moved production of the Mazda 6 back to Japan and opened a factory in Salamanca, Mexico, which builds the Toyota Yaris iA and Mazda 3 subcompact and compact cars.
Mercedes-Benz[edit]
See Mercedes-Benz U.S. International for more detailed description
In 1997, a year before the merger of Damiler-Benz and Chrysler, the former Daimler-Benz followed the steps of their Bavarian competitor and opened a plant in Tuscaloosa County, Alabama, to serve as a worldwide production location for the new M-Class. The M-Class has since then been replaced by a new generation and joined by the new R-Class and GL-Class, also manufactured exclusively in Alabama.
Nissan[edit]
See Nissan Motors for a complete overview of the corporation
Nissan opened their first factory in the 1980s in Smyrna, Tennessee, joined in the new millennium by another plant in Canton, Mississippi. Most models sold under the Nissan brand in United States, as well as Infiniti QX56, are currently manufactured there. Unlike Toyota or Honda, the company does not have any manufacturing operations in Canada. However, Nissan maintains manufacturing operations in Mexico, from which its smaller U.S.-market cars like the Sentra are imported. Most North American models are specific to this market, although some models, like the Murano and Quest, are exported to other continents.
Subaru[edit]
See Subaru of Indiana Automotive, Inc. for more detailed description
Subaru teamed up with fellow Japanese manufacturer Isuzu, forming a joint-venture called Subaru Isuzu Automotive to build and operate a manufacturing plant in Lafayette, Indiana. The plant made Subaru cars and Isuzu SUVs mostly for the American market until 2003, when Isuzu, facing faltering sales in America, decided to quit the venture selling their share to Subaru for $1 million. The plant continued to build Isuzu Rodeos under contract until the end of that vehicle's production run. From then on, the production was limited to Subaru models such as Legacy and its derivatives Outback and Baja, as well as the new B9 Tribeca. The two latter models are only built in Indiana for all markets where they are sold. After Toyota acquired a stake in Fuji Heavy Industries, the parent company of Subaru, it shifted some of the Toyota Camry production to the Lafayette plant.
Tesla Motors[edit]
See Tesla Motors for more detailed description
Tesla is a Silicon Valley-based company that designs, manufactures and sells electric cars and electric vehicle powertrain components. Tesla Motors gained widespread attention by producing the Tesla Roadster, the first fully electric sports car, followed by the Model S, a fully electric luxury sedan. Tesla also markets electric powertrain components, including lithium-ion battery packs, to other automakers, including Daimler and Toyota.
Toyota Motor Corporation[edit]
See Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America for more detailed description
Toyota's first foray into automobile manufacturing in the United States was NUMMI, a joint venture with General Motors based on the latter's production facility in California, which started in 1984 and has been manufacturing Toyota models and their versions branded as Geo, Chevrolet and Pontiac until GM withdrew in August 2009 and Toyota shut the doors in March 2010. Toyota went on to establish a number of wholly owned plants in states such as Kentucky, Indiana, California, Texas, West Virginia and Alabama. More than half of Toyota-branded vehicles sold in the United States come from American plants. Conversely, all Scions were imported from Japan or Mexico (iA only). Many Lexus-branded models are imported from Japan or Canada (RX only). Some are assembled in Lexington, Kentucky (ES only).
Volkswagen[edit]
The Volkswagen Passat is named the 2012 Motor Trend Car of the Year.[30]
See Volkswagen Group of America for more detailed description
During the late 1970s, Volkswagen of America commenced production of the MkI Golf (sold in the USA as the Rabbit including its utility variant (marketed in Europe as the Caddy and the USA and the Rabbit Sportruck) at its Westmoreland, Pennsylvania assembly plant until the plant ceased operations in the early 1980s. North American production after the Westmoreland closure was shifted to VW's Puebla, Mexico factory. The 2012 Volkswagen Passat is a mid-sized sedan which replaces the previous-generation Passat B6 in the North American market. The model was also shipped overseas to South Korea. The Passat NMS was officially announced in January 2011 at the Detroit Auto Show. Built at the Volkswagen Chattanooga Assembly Plant, the new Passat allows building and shipping costs to be reduced significantly over its predecessor making it more competitive to offerings from competitors at the $20K mark.
Future[edit]
See Volvo Cars for a complete overview of the corporation
Volvo Cars is opening its first assembly plant in the United States, in South Carolina. Assembly of Volvo cars is expected to commence in late 2018.
Domestic marques - Big Three[edit]
These marques from the Big Three are currently marketed in the U.S.
Buick
Cadillac
Chevrolet
Chrysler
Dodge
Ford
GMC
Jeep
Lincoln
Ram
Domestic marques - non-Big Three[edit]
Karma
Panoz
Tesla
Import marques, with some assembly in the U.S.[edit]
Some passenger vehicles from the following import marques are currently assembled in the U.S.
Acura
BMW
Honda
Hyundai
Infiniti
Kia
Lexus
Mercedes-Benz
Nissan
Subaru
Toyota
Volkswagen
Import-only marques[edit]
The following marques are currently imported to the U.S., and not assembled domestically.
Alfa Romeo
Aston Martin
Audi
Bentley
Bugatti
Caterham
Ferrari
Fiat
Genesis
Jaguar
Koenigsegg
Lamborghini
Land Rover
Lotus
Maserati
Mazda (previously assembled in the U.S.)
McLaren
Mini
Mitsubishi (previously assembled in the U.S.)
Morgan
Pagani
Porsche
Rolls Royce
Smart
Volvo (will start U.S. assembly in 2018)
See also[edit]
Automotive industry
World Forum for Harmonization of Vehicle Regulations
General Motors
Ford Motor Company
Fiat Chrysler Automobiles
List of U.S. cars
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers - Sales Statistics". Retrieved 2016-01-07.
Jump up ^ "Statistica". Retrieved 2017-01-17.
^ Jump up to: a b Highlights of the 2001 National Household Travel Survey, Bureau of Transportation Statistics, U.S. Department of Transportation, accessed May 21, 2006
Jump up ^ "RITA BTS Table 1-11". US Bureau of Transportation Statistics. Retrieved 2015-02-19.
Jump up ^ FHWA Office of Highway Policy Information
Jump up ^ "Everything You Need to Know About Using Vehicle Registration Data". Hedges & Company. Retrieved 2015-02-26.
Jump up ^ "NADA report on average age and number of vehicles (PDF file)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2006-06-09. Retrieved 2006-06-08.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Number of vehicles sold in the US according to the US Department of Transportation". Retrieved 2006-06-09.
^ Jump up to: a b "Median age of vehicles". Retrieved 2011-12-09.
Jump up ^ "Average Age of Vehicles Reaches Record High, According to Polk". Retrieved 19 September 2012.
Jump up ^ "Sales figures according to the US Department of Transportation". Retrieved 2006-06-09.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Edmunds.com pricing statistics". Archived from the original on 2006-09-16. Retrieved 2006-06-09.
Jump up ^ "Discounts according to the AutoChannel". Retrieved 2006-06-09.
Jump up ^ http://www.greencarreports.com/news/1101047_2016-toyota-prius-first-drive-of-56-mpg-hybrid
Jump up ^ "Fuel economy average". Retrieved 2006-06-09.
Jump up ^ "Edmunds.com list of best selling vehicles". Archived from the original on 2008-04-17. Retrieved 2008-03-22.
Jump up ^ https://www.rita.dot.gov/bts/sites/rita.dot.gov.bts/files/publications/national_transportation_statistics/html/table_01_40.html]
Jump up ^ http://www.irfnet.eu/images/Statistics/ER_Statistics_Final_2012.pdf
Jump up ^ http://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-average-vehicle-occupancy-in-the-us.htm
Jump up ^ https://www.eea.europa.eu/data-and-maps/indicators/occupancy-rates-of-passenger-vehicles/occupancy-rates-of-passenger-vehicles
Jump up ^ "Toyota in the US". Retrieved 2006-06-08.
Jump up ^ "UAW report on American made vehicles". Archived from the original on 2006-06-02. Retrieved 2006-06-08.
^ Jump up to: a b "AMISOL list of VIN codes and domestic vehicle marques" (PDF). Retrieved 2006-06-22.
Jump up ^ "American Automobile Labeling Act". Nhtsa.dot.gov. Retrieved 2009-04-28.
Jump up ^ "Information for New Manufacturers of Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment" (PDF). Washington, D.C. 1999. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2007-09-26. Retrieved 2007-07-30. |first1= missing |last1= in Authors list (help)
Jump up ^ Lypen, John (2000). "BMW VIN code switch". Motor (Hearst Publications). Archived from the original on 2007-11-10. Retrieved 2007-07-30.
Jump up ^ "Toyota Passes General Motors As World's Largest Carmaker" Retrieved on 2009-07-27
Jump up ^ "GM Company Profile". Archived from the original on 2006-06-14. Retrieved 2006-06-08.
Jump up ^ "FoMoCo". Archived from the original on 2006-06-08. Retrieved 2006-06-08.
Jump up ^ "Volkswagen Passat Named Motor Trend 2012 Car of the Year". Motor Trend. Retrieved November 16, 2011.
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