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National Lottery (United Kingdom)
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National Lottery
National Lottery logo (2015–present)
Region
United Kingdom
Isle of Man
First draw
19 November 1994 (1994-11-19)
Operator
Camelot Group
Regulated By
Gambling Commission
Highest Jackpot
£161,653,000[1]
Odds of winning jackpot
45,057,474 to 1 (Lotto)
8,060,597 to 1 (Thunderball)
139,838,160 to 1 (EuroMillions)
Number of Games
6
Shown on
BBC (1994–2017)
ITV (2018–)
Website
www.national-lottery.co.uk
The National Lottery is the state-franchised national lottery in the United Kingdom.
It is operated by Camelot Group, to whom the licence was granted in 1994, 2001 and again in 2007. The lottery was initially regulated by the National Lottery Commission, which has since been abolished and its responsibilities transferred to the Gambling Commission, and was established by the government of John Major in 1994.
All prizes are paid as a lump sum and are tax-free. Of all money spent on National Lottery games, around 53% goes to the prize fund and 25% to "good causes"[2] as set out by Parliament (though some of this is considered by some to be a form of "stealth tax"[3] levied to support the Big Lottery Fund, a fund constituted to support public spending).[4] 12% goes to the UK Government as lottery duty, 4% to retailers as commission, and a total of 5% to operator Camelot,[2] with 4% to cover operating costs and 1% as profit.[5] Lottery tickets and scratch cards (introduced in 1995) may be bought only by people of at least 16 years of age.
Contents
1 History
1.1 Background
1.2 20th century
1.3 21st century
2 Eligibility
3 Games
3.1 Current games
3.1.1 Lotto
3.1.1.1 October 2013 changes
3.1.1.2 October 2015 changes
3.1.1.3 2016 changes
3.1.2 Lotto Hotpicks
3.1.3 Thunderball
3.1.4 EuroMillions
3.1.5 EuroMillions HotPicks
3.1.6 Scratchcards
3.1.7 Online Instant Wins
3.1.8 UK Millionaire Maker
3.1.9 Millionaire Raffle
3.2 Discontinued games
3.2.1 Lotto Extra
3.2.2 Dream Number
3.2.3 Daily Play
3.2.4 Lotto Plus 5
3.2.5 Vernons Easy Play
3.2.6 Big Draw 2000 / Big Draw 2003
4 Other ways to play
4.1 Online
4.2 Text
4.3 Sky Active
4.4 Barclays Pingit
5 Olympic Lottery
6 On television
6.1 National Lottery Xtra
7 Good causes
8 Percentage return
9 Unclaimed prizes
10 Regulation
11 Machine appearances
12 Game shows
13 See also
14 References
15 External links
History[edit]
Background[edit]
A statute of 1698 provided that in England lotteries were by default illegal unless specifically authorised by statute. Early English state lotteries included the Million Lottery (1694) and the Malt Lottery (1697). These Lotteries were part of a series of financial experiments by the English government including recoinage and the foundation of the Bank of England to raise the capital available to the state.
A 1934 Act, further liberalised in 1956 and 1976, legalised small lotteries.
20th century[edit]
The UK's state-franchised lottery was set up under government licence by the government of John Major in 1993.[6] The National Lottery is franchised to a private operator; the Camelot Group was awarded the franchise on 25 May 1994.[7]
The first draw took place on 19 November 1994 with a television programme presented by Noel Edmonds. The first numbers drawn were 30, 3, 5, 44, 14 and 22, the bonus was 10, and seven jackpot winners shared a prize of £5,874,778.[8]
Tickets became available on the Isle of Man on 2 December 1999 at the request of Tynwald.
A second lottery draw, Thunderball, was introduced by Camelot on 12 June 1999.
21st century[edit]
The National Lottery undertook a major rebranding programme in October 2002, designed to combat falling sales. The main game was renamed Lotto, and the National Lottery Extra became Lotto Extra, though Camelot would later retire Lotto Extra on 8 July 2006 due to low sales. The stylised crossed-fingers logo was modified.[9] However, the games as a collective are still known as the National Lottery. It is one of the most popular forms of gambling in the United Kingdom.
In November 2009 Camelot replaced its older Lotto draw machines. The new machines are named Arthur, Guinevere, Lancelot and Merlin, reusing the names of older machines. At the same time, new machines for the Thunderball game were introduced. The new Lotto machines are the Magnum II model, manufactured by Smartplay International Inc., and the new Thunderball machines are the Smartplay Halogen II model.[10][11]
On 16 March 2018, Camelot advised more than 10 million players with online accounts to change their passwords because of a "low-level" cyber attack that affected 150 customer accounts. They claim that no money was taken from customers. Camelot claimed the hackers used a method called credential stuffing and said the attack appeared to have begun on 7 March. [12][13]
Eligibility[edit]
As of December 2016[update], the eligibility requirements include:
Players must be at least 16 years old to buy scratchcards or to play Lotto, Thunderball or Euromillions
Tickets may be bought in person at approved premises in the UK, or online over the Internet
Online purchase of tickets from the National Lottery website is restricted to people who have a UK bank account (for debit card or direct debit purposes), and are resident in the UK or Isle of Man, and are physically present in the UK or Isle of Man when making the ticket purchase.
The ticket purchaser for a syndicate, typically its manager, must meet the eligibility criteria for ticket purchase. Syndicate members must be aged 16 or over
Lottery tickets are not transferable, so commercial syndicates (i.e. where extra charges are levied over and above the total face value of the tickets purchased) are not permitted
Games[edit]
Two lottery ticket stands in a supermarket, 2009
Several games operate under the National Lottery brand:
Current games[edit]
As of July 2018[update], the current games include:
Lotto[edit]
Players buy tickets with their choice of six different numbers between 1 and 59; there is provision for random numbers to be generated automatically for those who do not wish to choose, known as 'Lucky Dip'. The entry fee to the Lotto draw was set at £1 per board from its introduction, and increased to £2 in October 2013.
The draw is conducted twice a week on Wednesdays and Saturdays, except that a draw on Christmas Day is moved to Christmas Eve. Saturday draws started on 19 November 1994, under the name 'National Lottery'; the first Wednesday draw was on 5 February 1997. All of the draws are shown live on the official website at 20:30.
Lotto was originally called The National Lottery, but was renamed Lotto in an update in 2002 after ticket sales decreased. Lotto is by far the most popular draw, with around 15 to 45 million tickets sold each draw. The most winners for a single jackpot was 133 in January 1995, each player winning £122,510.
In the draw, six numbered balls are drawn without replacement from a set of 59 balls numbered from 1 to 59 (formerly 1 to 49 until October 2015). A further Bonus Ball is also drawn, which affects only players who match five numbers.
There are six prize tiers,[14] which are awarded to players who match at least two of the six drawn numbers, with prizes increasing for matching more of the drawn numbers. The players who match all six drawn numbers win equal shares of the jackpot; the chance of doing so is 1 in 45,057,474. Similarly, if four or five balls are matched, the relevant prize is divided equally between all who match that many balls.
If no player matches all six numbers, the jackpot is added to that of the next Lotto draw—a rollover. This accumulation was limited to three consecutive draws until 10 February 2011, when it was increased to four. Rollovers are frequent, with for example 20 Wednesday (39%) and 13 Saturday rollovers (25%) in 2011 (fewer tickets are sold on Wednesdays than Saturdays, increasing the probability of a rollover). "Treble rollovers"—two consecutive rollovers—are much less common. The first quadruple rollover draw occurred on Saturday 29 September 2012 with a jackpot of £19.5 million.[15] In the event of a quadruple rollover, if no tickets matched all six main numbers, the jackpot was shared between the tickets that match five numbers and the bonus ball. In October 2015, this rollover limit was replaced by a jackpot cap.[16]
October 2013 changes[edit]
Camelot announced that the ticket price was to double to £2 from 3 October 2013, with prizes restructured.[17][18] The announcement was followed by news that large bonuses were to be set aside for management pay, which drew criticism.[19]
The arrival of the "New Lotto" meant bigger jackpots with an estimated average of £1.1 million extra for Saturday's draw and £400,000 on Wednesday. Players matching three numbers receive an extra £15, up from £10 before and an extra £40 for matching 4 numbers. Those matching five numbers receive £500 less, and £50,000 less when matching five numbers + the bonus ball, compared to the former system.[20]
As part of the refresh, a new Lotto Raffle was introduced, with at least 50 winners of £20,000 per draw.[21] The announcement and launch of the refreshed Lotto game caused controversy due to the price increase (dubbed as a "tax on the poor") and a drop in some of the prizes.[22] The new game launched with a £10,000,000 jackpot and 1,000 Lotto Raffle winners of £20,000.[23]
October 2015 changes[edit]
From 10 October 2015, Camelot announced further changes to the Lotto game which increased the pool of numbers from 49 to 59. Rollovers are no longer limited in number, instead the size of the jackpot is capped; the cap is reached after about 14 rollovers. When the jackpot gets to £50 million, if no-one matches all six main numbers the jackpot will rollover to the following draw. In the event nobody matches all six numbers on that draw the jackpot "rolls down" and is combined with the prize fund for the next prize category where there is at least one winner.
Since the rule changes in October 2015 there is also a "match 2" prize of a free lucky dip ticket for another draw, with odds of doing so at 1 in 10. This created much criticism as the breakdown of prizes announced by Camelot includes the value of these prizes (£2 each winner) within the draw's prize fund even though each match 2 prize winner doesn't see any monetary value unless their ticket matches three main numbers or more in the following draw. Included with each Lotto ticket is the Millionaire Lotto Raffle where 20 players win £20,000 each and one player wins £1 million per draw.
2016 changes[edit]
In January 2016, the Lotto jackpot reached the £50 million cap and rolled over once more to reach a record-breaking £66 million. This was won by two ticket holders who received £33 million each.[24] In August of that year, the jackpot cap was lowered to £22 million. If nobody wins the jackpot when it is £22 million or more, it will roll to the next draw one final time. Then, the jackpot must be won: if no-one matches all six main numbers, the prize will be shared by the players with the most winning numbers.
Division of 17.82% of the sales = X
Matching numbers
% of X
Odds of winning
4 numbers 12.9% 2,179 to 1
5 numbers 2.0% 144,414 to 1
5 numbers and bonus ball 1.9% 7,509,578 to 1
6 numbers 83.2% 45,057,474 to 1
The overall odds of winning any prize are 9.3 to 1.
From October 2015 the total prize fund is 47.50% of draw sales in a normal week, including the raffle. The three-ball prize winners, with odds of 96 to 1,[25] receive £25 each; the two-ball prize winners receive a free £2 entry. 17.82% of the sales are divided as shown in the table and split equally with the number of winners for each selection.
Lotto Hotpicks[edit]
Lotto Hotpicks odds and payouts from October 2015
Match
Prize
Odds of winning
1 number £6 1 in 10
2 numbers £60 1 in 115
3 numbers £800 1 in 1,626
4 numbers £13,000 1 in 30,342
5 numbers £350,000 1 in 834,398
Lotto Hotpicks uses the main Lotto draw for its numbers but is a different game. The player chooses both the numbers and the number of draw balls they want to try to match, up to a maximum of five. However, if the player does not match all the numbers chosen, they are not a winner. The National Lottery describes Hotpicks as "five games in one", because the player has a choice of five ways of playing the game, each offering different odds and payouts.
The entry fee to the Lotto Hotpicks draw is £1 per board.
Thunderball[edit]
The Thunderball jackpot draw requires players to pick five main numbers from 1 to 39 and one 'Thunderball' number from 1 to 14 for an entry fee of £1 per board. Prizes may be won by matching the main numbers, with matches of the Thunderball number winning bigger prizes. The top prize, now £500,000, is won by matching all five main numbers as well as the Thunderball. There is also a £3 prize for matching the Thunderball alone. Draws take place four times a week – Tuesdays, Wednesdays, Fridays and Saturdays – and are shown live on the official website at 20:00.
The first Thunderball draw was held on 12 June 1999 and the draw was originally only held on Saturdays until the major rebrand in October 2002, when it was held on Wednesdays too. From 2006 to 2008, only the Saturday draw was televised, while on Wednesday the draw took place prior to the live TV show and the winning results were announced during the show.
The rules of Thunderball changed substantially on 9 May 2010. Before this date, Thunderball matches were drawn from numbers 1 to 34; there was no prize for matching the Thunderball number alone, and the top prize (for matching five main numbers and the Thunderball) was half the current jackpot at £250,000. After this date, the Friday draw was introduced in addition to the Wednesday and Saturday draws. Following the change of rules, while the chance of winning anything on Thunderball more than doubled, the chance of winning the top prizes more than halved. The Tuesday draw was added on 30 January 2018.
The odds and payouts are as follows:
Old (1999–2010)
Current (from May 2010)[26]
Match
Prize
Odds of winning
Prize
Odds of winning
Thunderball only - - £3 1 in 29
1 + Thunderball £5 1 in 33 £5 1 in 35
2 + Thunderball £10 1 in 107 £10 1 in 135
3 numbers £10 1 in 74 £10 1 in 111
3 + Thunderball £20 1 in 960 £20 1 in 1,437
4 numbers £100 1 in 2,067 £100 1 in 3,647
4 + Thunderball £250 1 in 26,866 £250 1 in 47,415
5 numbers £5,000 1 in 299,661 £5,000 1 in 620,046
5 + Thunderball £250,000 1 in 3,895,584 £500,000 1 in 8,060,598
EuroMillions[edit]
Further information: EuroMillions
On Saturday 7 February 2004 the lottery operator Camelot launched a pan-European lottery: EuroMillions. The first draw took place on Friday 13 February 2004 in Paris. The UK, France and Spain were involved initially. Lotteries from Austria, Belgium, Ireland, Luxembourg, Portugal and Switzerland joined the draw on 8 October 2004. The draws are currently made in Paris and shown recorded in the UK on the official website twice a week on Tuesdays and Fridays, approximately three hours after the draw has taken place. The entry fee to the EuroMillions draw is £2.50 per board. The odds of winning the jackpot are 139,838,160 to 1.
EuroMillions HotPicks[edit]
On Friday 26 January 2018, the first EuroMillions HotPicks draw took place. It uses the same five main numbers as the EuroMillions draw and offers players the chance to win one of five prizes from £10 up to £1 million. The game works in a similar way to Lotto HotPicks whereby players have to decide how many numbers they are going to match. If they do not successfully match all of their selected numbers, then no prize is awarded. [27]
Scratchcards[edit]
As well as tickets for the draw games, the National Lottery also sells scratchcards. Introduced in 1995, they are small pieces of card where an area has been covered by a thin layer of opaque latex that can be scratched off. Under this are concealed the items/pictures that must be found in order to win. Scratchcards can be purchased in most newsagents and supermarkets; they can cost £1, £2, £3, £5 or £10 and come in many different forms, with a variety of prizes and ways to win.
The generic scratchcard requires the player to match three of the same prize amounts. If this is accomplished, they win that amount; the highest possible currently being £4,000,000 on a £10 scratchcard.[28] Other scratchcards involve matching symbols, pictures or words. The highest possible prize currently for a £1 scratchcard is £100,000.
Initially, all scratchcards were sold for £1. Over the years, scratchcards that range in price from £2 to £10 have become available. More expensive scratchcards are larger and offer more games with higher-value prizes. Some scratchcards have jackpots other than one-off payments, such as a yearly sum or a car. Odds for winning a top prize on a scratchcard depend greatly on how many have been sold and whether there is any top prize scratchcards in circulation at time of purchase. As the range of scratchcard games has increased, the odds of winning vary greatly. For a typical game with the highest available jackpot of £4,000,000, the odds of winning the jackpot are around 1 in 4,000,000, whereas for a game with a low jackpot prize (and 1,000's of jackpots available), the odds of winning the jackpot are as low as around 1 in 10,000.[29]
Online Instant Wins[edit]
Instant Win games are online games where the player can win prizes instantly. Some games are similar in format to scratchcards, with others involving more interactive play such as dice-rolling or matching special symbols. It is made clear that the Instant Win games are solely based on luck and that no skill or judgement is involved. Players must be registered in order to buy or try an Instant Win. "Try" games are free of charge and no payouts are made in respect of any prizes. As with scratchcards, there are a wide variety of Instant Win games available with different odds of winning prizes. The cost to play varies from 25p to £10. The current highest prize is £4 million on a £10 game. Odds of winning a top prize vary on each Instant Win game, and may be higher or lower than their scratchcard counterpart.
UK Millionaire Maker[edit]
Introduced in 2011, each EuroMillions ticket purchased in the UK contains a unique "UK Millionaire Maker" code, consisting of four letters and five numbers. There are two winners per draw (with the exception of a special draw), with each winner receiving a fixed £1,000,000.[30] Odds of winning depend on the number of tickets sold for that particular draw in the UK, but are generally 1 in 1,900,000 on Tuesdays and 1 in 2,950,000 on Fridays.[31]
Millionaire Raffle[edit]
Following the changes to the Lotto game, Camelot introduced the Millionaire Raffle (known previously as Lotto Raffle) in October 2013. A raffle number is included automatically with each line of Lotto numbers bought. Each raffle number consists of a colour and eight numbers (e.g. AQUA 4579 2965). Each winning raffle number wins a fixed amount of £20,000. Before Oct 2015, 50 raffle numbers were drawn with each Lotto draw and the number of raffle winners increased by 50 each time the Lotto jackpot rolled over, with as many as 250 raffle winners in the event of a quadruple rollover.
From 10 October 2015, the prize structure was changed, with 20 prizes of £20,000 and one prize of £1,000,000 with each Lotto draw.
Discontinued games[edit]
Lotto Extra[edit]
Lotto Extra odds and payouts
Match
Prize
Odds of winning
6 numbers Jackpot 1 in 13,983,815
The maximum jackpot was £50m
Lotto Extra was introduced on 13 November 2000 and was originally called The National Lottery Extra but renamed Lotto Extra in 2002. It was an add-on from the main draw where a player could select "Lotto Extra same numbers" or a lucky dip. Players would pick six numbers from 49 and there were no lower tier prizes so a perfect match was required. The last draw was on 8 July 2006 and it was replaced by Dream Number.
Dream Number[edit]
Dream Number
Match
Prize
Odds of winning
1st number only £2 1 in 11.2
1st 2 numbers £10 1 in 111.2
1st 3 numbers £100 1 in 1,111.2
1st 4 numbers £500 1 in 11,112
1st 5 numbers £5,000 1 in 111,112
1st 6 numbers £50,000 1 in 1,111,112
all 7 numbers £500,000 1 in 10,000,000
The overall odds of winning any prize were 1 in 10.
Source: National Lottery Players Guide
Dream Number was launched on 15 July 2006. It involved a random seven digit number generated for entry into the main draw. It was played independently of Lotto, or if played with Lotto one Dream Number was generated per ticket, not per Lotto entry. The cost of entry was £1. A dream number was printed on every Lotto ticket bought, whether the player had chosen to enter it into the draw or not. Unlike other Lotto games, it was not possible to choose the number entered, and the order that the numbers were drawn was significant, as the numbers had to be matched in the same order for the player to win. Players had to match with the first number in order to start winning prizes (ranging from £2 to £500,000), which meant that 90% of players lost as soon as the first ball was drawn. Draws took place on Wednesdays and Saturdays. Originally, the draw was televised on both Wednesdays and Saturdays, but was latterly only televised on Saturdays, when the Wednesday draw took place prior to the live TV show and the winning dream number was announced during the show. All money raised for good causes from Dream Number went towards the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2012 Summer Paralympics in London. The National Lottery closed the Dream Number game on Wednesday 9 February 2011, which was also the date of the last Dream Number draw. It was then replaced by Lotto Plus 5.
Daily Play[edit]
Daily Play
Match
Prize
Odds of winning
0 numbers £1 Daily Play
Lucky Dip Ticket 1 in 11.5
4 numbers £5 1 in 22.3
5 numbers £30 1 in 222.6
6 numbers £300 1 in 6,343.1
7 numbers £30,000 1 in 888,030
The overall odds of winning a prize were 1 in 7.4
Source: National Lottery Daily Play Game Rules & Procedures
The Daily Play draw started on Monday 22 September 2003 and could be played every day except Sunday and Christmas Day. By selecting seven numbers between 1 and 27, players could win anything from a free lucky dip to £30,000. The draw gave its players the chance to win a free daily play lucky-dip for not matching any numbers in the draw. The entry fee to the Daily Play draw was £1 per board.
Daily Play draws were broadcast via a webcast. In addition, from March 2005 to October 2005, the Daily Play draw was broadcast live on Challenge TV in the Glory Ball show, hosted by Jean Anderson, James McCourt, Jayne Sharp and Nikki Cowan.[32]
The National Lottery Daily Play Draw ended on Friday, 6 May 2011.[33]
Lotto Plus 5[edit]
Lotto Plus 5
Matching Numbers
Prize
Odds of winning
3 numbers £2.50 56.65592 to 1
4 numbers £25 1,032.397 to 1
5 numbers £250 55,491.33 to 1
5 numbers and bonus ball £25,000 2,330,636 to 1
6 numbers £250,000 13,983,815 to 1
The overall odds of winning any prize is 52.65514 to 1 per draw.
The overall odds of winning any prize is 10.13855 to 1 per Plus 5 draw week.
Lotto Plus 5 was introduced in 2011[34] to plug the gaps between the Wednesday and Saturday Lotto draws, meaning it takes place on Mondays, Tuesdays, Thursdays, Fridays and Sundays. Players can enter by paying an extra £1 when buying their Lotto ticket, which enters the same ticket numbers into five separate draws. Each draw offers fixed prizes for matching 3, 4, 5 and 6 numbers, with the jackpot being worth £250,000. It has been estimated that the game produces an extra 500,000 Lotto winners every week. Due to the changes to the main Lotto game (most notably the introduction of the Lotto raffle), Plus 5 was discontinued; The last Plus 5 draw was played on 1 October 2013, with the last date to buy a ticket being 23 September 2013.
Vernons Easy Play[edit]
The National Lottery teamed up with Vernons to create a football pools type lottery. Players marked a playslip to state how many lines they wanted to play.
The lottery terminal allocated 10 football fixtures on the players ticket who then attempted to match these fixtures that resulted in a score draw. (1-1, 2-2, 3-3)
To win players needed to match at least 5 fixtures which resulted in a score draw which always won £5. Matching 6 won between £6 and £530 depending on how many total score draws there were in total over all the fixtures played. Matching 7 score draws won between £27 and £67,000 depending on total score draws. And matching 8 won from £1850 to £667,000.
Basically, the more score draws there are, the easier it is to win. This resulted in the payouts being fixed entirely on how many score draws there were.
This was a really difficult game to understand and at one point Vernons and Camelot were ready to discontinue the game after just 3 months, however the game went on to survive one full football season only in the mid 1990s.
Tickets were £1 per entry.
Big Draw 2000 / Big Draw 2003[edit]
Originally, this special one-off draw was made to commemorate the arrival of the new Millennium, but another attempt was made in 2002 to celebrate the new year of 2003.
Players would choose 5 years from 1900 to 1999 (in the 2003 version this was altered to 1901 to 2000) or a lucky dip on their Big Draw ticket for the first game, and if they matched all 5 main years, they win the jackpot (lower prize tiers were also available for matching 2 to 4 main years or matching 4 main years + bonus year if the player doesn't match all 5 main years). Two years; one from the old Millennium and one from the new Millennium were also printed at the bottom of the ticket (old Millennium having anything from 1000 to 1999, and new Millennium having anything from 2000 to 2999) for the second game, and if the player matched both years on their Big Draw ticket, they would win the jackpot.
Five years and a bonus year would be drawn at random from the machine for the first game, but for the second game, two pairs of machines were used: for the ones for the old Millennium; the left machine would have the numbers from 10 to 19, and the right machine having the numbers 00 to 99. For the ones for the new Millennium; the left machine would have the numbers 20 to 29, and the right machine having the numbers from 00 to 99. One number was drawn at random from each of those machines; each pair creating a year.
Other ways to play[edit]
As well as by purchasing a ticket at a shop, tickets can be purchased other ways.
Online[edit]
All National Lottery games can be played online after registering. There are two ways of playing the lotto online.
Direct Debit. Players can sign up by registering their bank account details and their saved numbers will be automatically entered. The National Lottery notifies winners by email if they have won, although this will not be on the evening of the draw; notification is usually by 12 noon the following day. This method is only available for the main Lotto and Thunderball games.
Loaded Account. Funds are loaded into a player's account and are played as required. The National Lottery notifies winners by email if they have won on the draw games, or in the case of the lower prize Instant Wins, transfer the winnings to their account. The current minimum loading amount is £10.
Text[edit]
The Play By Text service closed on 30 June 2013. Before then, players had been able to play the Lotto, Thunderball, EuroMillions and Lotto HotPicks by text after registering their mobile phone number. The discontinued games Dream Number and Daily Play also allowed text entry.
Sky Active[edit]
Lotto and EuroMillions were once available for play through Sky Active; however, this service was discontinued in September 2009. Prior to its discontinuation, players could purchase up to eight weeks worth of tickets at a time.[35]
Barclays Pingit[edit]
From July 2015 Barclays included a function in their Pingit app to allow the purchase of tickets for the National Lottery and Euromillions. Only lucky dip lottery tickets can be purchased currently. Small winnings are paid directly into the Pingit account within one day.[36]
Olympic Lottery[edit]
Following the success of London's bid to host the 2012 Summer Olympics, Olympic Lottery Scratchcards were launched on 27 July 2005 under the brand name "Go for Gold". 28% of the price of £1 went to the Olympic Lottery Distribution Fund, and the scratchcards were intended to raise £750,000,000 towards the cost of staging the games.[37]
On television[edit]
Main article: The National Lottery Draws
The majority of National Lottery draws take place on live television. The first National Lottery show (entitled The National Lottery Live: The First Draw) was at 7 pm on Saturday 19 November 1994. Presented by Noel Edmonds, this was an hour long special, in which 49 contestants competed to become the first person to start the draw, the winner being 18-year-old Deborah Walsh. The first number to be drawn was 30. For its first few years, the TV show took the title The National Lottery Live, and was presented mainly by Anthea Turner or Bob Monkhouse. Other notable presenters during this period included Dale Winton, Carol Smillie, Terry Wogan and Ulrika Jonsson. On 30 November 1996, live on BBC One, the draw machine failed to start.[38]
During the 2000 Today broadcast on 31 December 1999, a special Big Draw 2000 drawing was held to ring in the new millennium. This returned on 31 December 2002 as Big Draw 2003.
On 20 May 2006, during the draw on The National Lottery Jet Set that took place minutes before the Eurovision Song Contest 2006, several members of the group Fathers 4 Justice protested on the set causing the show to be taken off air for several minutes while the protesters were removed from the studio.[39][40]
On 7 November 2015, live on BBC One, the Lotto draw machine failed to release all the balls, causing the draw to be postponed. The draw later took place off air, and the results were posted on the website.
Originally, the draws would take place in the BBC studio during the game show on Saturdays (and sometimes Wednesdays). However, in more recent years the channel airing the lottery draw has pre-recorded the non-draw parts of the show and then switched to National Lottery HQ for the live draws.
Wednesday draws at first had a 10-minute slot on BBC One, in the same set as the game show in the BBC studio, and presented by the same host. In later years the broadcast was hosted by various presenters in the National Lottery HQ studio; presenters included Gethin Jones, Christopher Biggins, John Barrowman, OJ Borg, Matt Johnson and Jenni Falconer. It is Alan Dedicoat who provides the voice-over announcing the balls drawn, sometimes interacting with the presenter; he is known as The Voice Of the Balls. Charles Nove is the relief announcer.
As of 7 January 2012, there had been 1678 draws – 784 Wednesday draws and 894 Saturday draws. In an initiative to spread BBC productions across the United Kingdom, all lottery shows were be relocated to BBC Scotland.
From January 2013, the Tuesday, Wednesday and Friday draws were no longer broadcast, but could be viewed on the National Lottery's website; there was still a results update on BBC One at 10:45pm. On 24 November 2016, it was announced that the televised draws would be axed and moved to BBC iPlayer in January 2017.[41] The last broadcast was on 31 December 2016.
On 12 April 2018, it was announced that the televised Saturday night draw would be aired on ITV in a 90-second slot with Stephen Mulhern as the new host.[42]
National Lottery Xtra[edit]
Between 10 March 2008 and 1 February 2010, the "National Lottery Xtra" channel was broadcast on Freeview channel 45 for one hour a day. Programming included content from winners of the jackpot and National Lottery Good Causes projects, as well as behind-the-scenes footage on how the National Lottery was operated.
Good causes[edit]
By 2016, the National Lottery had raised about £35 billion for 'good causes', a programme which distributes money via grants. 25% of lottery revenue goes towards the fund, along with all unclaimed prizes. Additionally, 12% goes to the state. The prize fund is about 53% of revenue, with the remaining 10% going towards running costs and profits for the lottery organisers and ticket sellers.[2]
The distribution of money to 'good causes' is not the responsibility of the operator (Camelot). It is the responsibility of the twelve distributors that make up The National Lottery Distribution Fund (NLDF), administered by the government Department for Culture, Media and Sport. At present, 40% is awarded to health, education, environment and charitable causes, 20% to Sports, 20% to Arts and 20% to Heritage.[43] On 19 November 2014, the National Lottery celebrated 20 years of its Good Causes fund, which as of 2014, has raised £32 billion for charities and projects in the UK. The National Lottery celebrated the 20th anniversary with the, 'Just Imagine' campaign which highlighted how the money has filtered through society to improve UK communities. Notable facts included that Good Causes had funded over 1300 elite athletes including Sir Chris Hoy, invested £43.5 million into the National Cycle Network and funded 12,700 after school clubs.[44]
The Heritage Lottery Fund was set up by the government in 1994 to provide money for "projects involving the local, regional and national heritage". The funds come from the money raised by the National Lottery's 'Good Causes'.[45] Since 1994, the Heritage Lottery Fund has given grants totalling approximately £4 billion to more than 26,000 projects.[45]
In 2004, on the 10th anniversary of the National Lottery, the National Lottery Awards were instituted as an annual event to provide recognition of the work of Lottery funded projects around the UK. Certain projects are selected as the best in particular categories. The trophies were designed and produced by Gaudio Awards.
Percentage return[edit]
The National Lottery is a jackpot system with the majority of winnings going to those few players who pick all six numbers. The average percentage return is the share of the ticket sales devoted to prize funds, about 45% (i.e., 45% of the money spent on tickets would be won in prizes). The spread of returns will be very wide and influenced by several factors that change week-by-week (e.g. the number of tickets sold, the "distinctiveness" and popularity of the winning numbers). Over an extremely long period (tens of millions of draws) the return on investment would approach the average, about 45% (a 55% loss). Over a shorter period there is a very small chance of a big win, but otherwise an average return of less than 45%; a numerical experiment using 10,000 random sets of numbers each week for 3 years found that, had the tickets been bought, the rate of return would have been less than 30%.
In their book "Scenarios for Risk Management and Global Investment Strategies",[46] academics Rachel E S Ziemba and William T Ziemba say with regard to 6/49 lotteries, "Random numbers have an expected loss of about 55%. However, six-tuples of unpopular numbers have an edge with expected returns exceeding their cost by about 65%. The expected value rises and approaches $2.25 per dollar wagered when there are carryovers [UK term: rollovers]. Random numbers, such as those from lucky dip and quick pick, and popular numbers are worth more with carryovers but never have an advantage." They conclude that, due to the time that would be required to achieve success, "except for millionaires and pooled syndicates, it is not possible to use the unpopular numbers in a scientific way to beat the lotto and have high confidence of becoming rich; these aspiring millionaires will also most likely be residing in a cemetery when their distant heirs reach the goal".
Unclaimed prizes[edit]
Winning tickets must be claimed within 180 days of the draw taking place. If a prize is unclaimed within that time, it is distributed through the National Lottery Distribution Fund. For all major prizes (£50,000 and over) approximately two weeks after the draw, if no claim has been received, the area in which the ticket was purchased is released.
The highest unclaimed prize distributed this way to date was a winning ticket worth £63,837,543.60 which was bought in the Stevenage and Hitchin area for the Euromillions draw of 8 June 2012.[47] This was a world record unclaimed prize. All investment income from unclaimed prizes also goes to good causes via the National Lottery Distribution Fund.[48]
Regulation[edit]
The National Lottery is regulated by the Gambling Commission.[49] Previous regulators were the Office of the National Lottery (known by the acronym OFLOT) until 1 April 1999, and the National Lottery Commission – a non-departmental public body reporting to the Department of Culture, Media and Sport – until 1 October 2013.
The Lottery was set up in 1993 under the National Lottery etc. Act 1993[50] and was reformed under the National Lottery Act 1998[51] and the National Lottery Act 2006.[52]
The National Lottery is a member of the World Lottery Association.[53]
Machine appearances[edit]
The National Lottery have a number of different machines and ball sets which are selected by either a celebrity or a member of the general public. This is used to randomise the process and create an independent selection of machinery to reduce the chance of human override. Below is a table of how many times each machine has appeared in the main National Lottery, or Lotto game.
As of Saturday 3 May 2014[54]
Machine
Appearances
Guinevere 1 331
Arthur 1/3/4 340
Lancelot 2/3 297
Merlin 2/4 214
Galahad 52
Vyvyan 48
Amethyst 172
Moonstone 66
Opal 56
Topaz 157
Pearl 32
Garnet 16
Sapphire 135
1Note, on the draw on Saturday 17 September 2011, they announced that Arthur with set of balls 3 was chosen, but they were using Guinevere due to technical difficulties. Arthur wasn't used again until the draw on Saturday 8 October 2011.
2Also note, on the draw on Saturday 14 April 2012, they announced that Merlin with set of balls 5 was chosen, but they were using Lancelot due to technical difficulties. Merlin wasn't used again until the draw on Saturday 8 December 2012.
3Also note, on the draw on Saturday 12 May 2012, they announced that Arthur with set of balls 5 was chosen, but they were using Lancelot due to technical difficulties. Arthur wasn't used again until the draw on Saturday 5 January 2013.
4Also note, on the draw on Saturday 31 August 2013, they announced that Arthur with set of balls 3 was chosen, but they were using Merlin due to technical difficulties. Arthur wasn't used again until the draw on Wednesday 18 September 2013.
Game shows[edit]
Main article: The National Lottery Draws
See also[edit]
Big Lottery Fund
Heritage Lottery Fund
Millennium Commission
National Health Service Lottery
National Lottery (Ireland)
The Health Lottery
List of lotteries
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Press Association (15 July 2011). "EuroMillions £161m win claimed by Scottish couple | UK news | guardian.co.uk". London: Guardian.
^ Jump up to: a b c "About the National Lottery". Gambling Commission. 2016. Retrieved 24 April 2018.
Jump up ^ Wilson, Jamie (30 January 1999). "New lottery fund 'not a stealth tax'". London: Guardian. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
Jump up ^ The overwhelming case for paying stealth taxes Samuel Brittan, Financial Times 25 October 1999
Jump up ^ "Camelot Group". Camelotfoundation.org.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 August 2012. Retrieved 20 May 2009.
Jump up ^ "John Major". www.number10.gov.uk. HM Government. Archived from the original on 12 January 2012. Retrieved 27 September 2013. John Major also established the National Lottery as a personal initiative which has provided billions of pounds for good causes.
Jump up ^ "1994: Camelot wins UK lottery race BBC On This Day". BBC News. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "UK National Lottery #1". Lottery.merseyworld.com. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "National Lottery points to Landor | News". Design Week. 11 April 2002. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ http://www.smartplay.com/newsletters/2009-11-01-Newsletter.pdf
Jump up ^ "National Lottery Commission - Safeguarding the integrity of Lottery games". Natlotcomm.gov.uk.
Jump up ^ Espiner, Tom (16 March 2018). "Camelot warns of 'low level' National Lottery hack". Retrieved 16 March 2018.
Jump up ^ Ward, Victoria (16 March 2018). "National Lottery hacked: Millions of customers warned to change passwords". Retrieved 16 March 2018.
Jump up ^ "Lotto Information". Lottery.co.uk. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "UK News: UK news, latest news UK". WalesOnline. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lotto Jackpot Cap". Lottery.co.uk. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "The National Lottery FAQ". National-lottery.co.uk. Archived from the original on 14 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "New Lotto to Launch with Two Unmissable Events". Camelotgroup.co.uk. Archived from the original on 12 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Arkell, Harriet (21 January 2013). "Daily Mail online: Jackpot for lottery bosses as £5m is set aside for THEIR bonus pot after cost of ticket doubles, 6 June 2013". Dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "New UK Lotto | Lotto Results, Winning Numbers, News & More". Lotto-results-online.com. 13 February 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lotto | What is new Lotto". The National Lottery. Archived from the original on 29 June 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lotto ticket price doubles to £2 in 'tax on the poor': Angry players threaten boycott over increase". Daily Mail. London.
Jump up ^ Lotto prize breakdown | Check results | The National Lottery Archived 17 October 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Record Lotto Win 9th Jan 2016". Lottery.co.uk. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "14x Lottery Rollover and what the new rules mean". oddsjunkie.com. Retrieved 6 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Thunderball Online Game Procedures". The National Lottery. Retrieved 22 February 2016.
Jump up ^ "EuroMillions HotPicks". Euro-Millions.com. Retrieved 6 July 2018.
Jump up ^ "Scratchcards | Help". The National Lottery. Archived from the original on 4 July 2012.
Jump up ^ https://www.national-lottery.co.uk/games/gamestore/scratchcards
Jump up ^ https://www.national-lottery.co.uk/player/euromillions/results/results.ftl
Jump up ^ "Millionaire Raffle | Help". The National Lottery. Archived from the original on 1 July 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Glory Ball". UKGameshows. 1 March 2014. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Daily Play Lottery Comes to an End". National-lottery.com. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Playing Lotto Plus 5". lottery.co.uk. 5 November 2010. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
Jump up ^ "Sky Active service information". The National Lottery. 26 September 2009. Archived from the original on 25 January 2010.
Jump up ^ Press Association (15 July 2011). "EuroMillions £161m win claimed by Scottish couple | UK news | guardian.co.uk". London: Guardian.
Jump up ^ "New Olympic scratch card on sale". Manchester Evening News. 28 July 2005. Retrieved 5 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Video of the Show". YouTube.com. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Lottery show delayed by protest". BBC News. London. 20 July 2006. Retrieved 6 February 2011.
Jump up ^ "Youtube Video of The Protest". YouTube.com. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "The National Lottery live draw is dropped from BBC1". Radio Times. 24 November 2016. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
Jump up ^ "National Lottery results will air on ITV for first time". Digital Spy. 12 April 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
Jump up ^ https://www.national-lottery.co.uk/life-changing/where-the-money-goes
Jump up ^ "Thank you National Lottery".
^ Jump up to: a b "What is the Heritage Lottery Fund?". hlf.org.uk. Archived from the original on 8 February 2008. Retrieved 23 February 2008.
Jump up ^ ISBN 978-0-470-31924-6 (HB) John Wiley & Sons Ltd 2007
Jump up ^ "EuroMillions lottery jackpot of £64m goes unclaimed". BBC News. 6 December 2012.
Jump up ^ "Where The Money Goes | Good Causes and winners". The National Lottery. 31 March 2013. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ Statutory Instrument 2013 No. 2329 The Public Bodies (Merger of the Gambling Commission and the National Lottery Commission) Order 2013
Jump up ^ Text of the National Lottery etc. Act 1993 (c. 39) as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk Last accessed:2011-05-03
Jump up ^ Text of the National Lottery Act 1998 (c. 22) as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk
Jump up ^ Text of the National Lottery Act 2006 (c. 23) as in force today (including any amendments) within the United Kingdom, from legislation.gov.uk Last accessed:2011-05-03
Jump up ^ "World Lottery Association United Kingdom". World-lotteries.org. Retrieved 18 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Draw Machine Frequencies". 20 February 2012. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 20 February 2012.
External links[edit]
Official website
National Lottery Commission
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Theodore "T-Bag" Bagwell
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the children's television series character, see T-Bag.
Theodore "T-Bag" Bagwell
Prison Break character
First appearance
"Allen" (2005)
Portrayed by
Robert Knepper
Michael Gohlke (young Theodore Bagwell)
Information
Aliases
T-Bag
Teddy
Dr. Marvin Gudat (S2E02)
Clyde May (S2E04)
Stumpy (S3E9)
Sam (S2E13)
Dr. Erik Stammel (S2E18)
Teodoro (by Lechero (S3E1-S3E13))
Cole Pfeiffer (S4E03-S4E12)
Charles Patoshik (S4E17)
Brett Benson (Breakout Kings S1E03)
Henry Pope (Breakout Kings S1E03)
Family
James Bagwell
(second cousin) (Deceased)
James Bagwell Jr.
(second cousin once removed) (Deceased)
Audrey Bagwell (mother)(Deceased - Breakout Kings S1E03)
David "Whip" Martin (son) (Deceased)
Significant other(s)
Susan Hollander (ex-girlfriend)
Jason "Maytag" Buchanan (boyfriend, murdered in prison riot)
Theodore "T-Bag" Bagwell, played by Robert Knepper, is a fictional character from the American television series Prison Break. He is part of the main group of characters in the series and is part of the Fox River Eight. After guest-starring in the series' second episode, "Allen", the actor became one of the regular cast members.
The character was introduced into the series as a fellow prisoner of the protagonist, Michael Scofield (played by Wentworth Miller), at Fox River State Penitentiary. As the leader of a white supremacist group, T-Bag is the most villainous member of the Fox River Eight. In the second season, the character's storyline veers from the main plot as a separate subplot. As the series progresses, more of the background story of the character is revealed.
The character has appeared in A&E's Breakout Kings, portrayed by Knepper.
Contents
[hide]
1 Appearances
1.1 Season 1
1.2 Season 2
1.3 Season 3
1.4 Season 4
1.5 The Final Break
1.6 Breakout Kings
1.7 Season 5
2 Characteristics
3 Reception
4 Production details
5 References
6 External links
Appearances[edit]
Bagwell appears in every episode of the first season except the series pilot, episode 4 "Cute Poison" and episode 5 "English, Fitz or Percy". He does not appear in three episodes of the second season: "Scan", "Disconnect" and "The Message". Bagwell appears in every episode in seasons three and four.
A younger version of the character, played by Michael Gohlke, appeared in one episode via a flashback sequence in "Bad Blood".
Season 1[edit]
Theodore Bagwell in Season 1
Theodore "T-Bag" Bagwell is the leader of the Aryan gang inside Fox River. A racist and a pedophile, he is detested by most other inmates, such as John Abruzzi (Peter Stormare) and Benjamin Miles "C-Note" Franklin (Rockmond Dunbar), but his status within the Alliance for Purity protects him from attacks. Upon the arrival of Michael Scofield (Wentworth Miller) at Fox River, Bagwell wants to ensnare him as his personal plaything, but is unsuccessful. During a race riot in episode "Allen", his cellmate and lover is fatally wounded. Believing Scofield was responsible, Bagwell seeks revenge but is stopped by Abruzzi, who has his goons assault him, sending him to the infirmary after which the character is absent for two episodes. When he returns in the episode “Riots, Drills and the Devil”, Bagwell instigates a full-scale riot, during which he accidentally learns of the escape attempt and threatens to tell the other inmates if Michael and the others do not include him; the others have no choice but to agree. At the end of the riot, Bagwell defies the orders of Michael and Abruzzi and murders a guard that could expose the escape. He later frames his friend and fellow Aryan gang member Trokey for the murder. Following this, Bagwell becomes a fully-fledged member of the escape team in the episode "The Old Head", blackmailing them to include him.
Bagwell is initially an endless source of friction on the escape team, testing the others' patience with racist taunts, and is a constant strain on Michael’s conscience. Throughout the season, T-Bag is shown as having a sexual interest in other inmates, and coerces his new cellmate Seth into a sexual relationship. After Seth hangs himself, Bagwell moves on to harass newly arrived inmate Tweener, who had alienated himself among Fox River’s prison population. Michael, who was feeling guilty about Seth’s death, finally confronts Bagwell with a crowbar to the knee and told him to leave Tweener alone. In the following episodes, friction continues to increase between Bagwell and the other members of the escape team. When the group discovers that they have one too many for a successful escape, Abruzzi gives Bagwell an ultimatum in the episode "Odd Man Out": back out of the escape or die. Bagwell also learns that his cousin James Bagwell and his son had been killed and is deeply upset. Knowing that Abruzzi was behind it, Bagwell seeks revenge, and slashes Abruzzi's throat with a razor blade in a failed attempt to kill him. Bagwell is among one of six inmates included in the first unsuccessful escape attempt in the episode "End of the Tunnel".
Bagwell is more loyal to the team in the season’s later episodes, contributing to keep the escape tunnel hidden and engaging in reluctant relations with a transvestite inmate to further the escape plan. In the episode "Bluff" his skills at rigging a deck of cards also help the team. Upon learning in "The Key" that Abruzzi has returned to the prison, Bagwell is frightened and makes a second attempt on Abruzzi’s life but is stopped by C-Note, who reminds him that Abruzzi is providing their transportation. Abruzzi claims to have forgiven Bagwell, but the characters keep a wary eye on each other for the rest of the season. In the final episode of the season, Bagwell escapes from Fox River along with Michael, Abruzzi, C-Note, Tweener, and three other inmates. In order to ensure his safety, he handcuffs himself to Michael, knowing that it will keep Abruzzi from killing him. Abruzzi gets his revenge when he cuts off Bagwell's cuffed hand with an axe, seriously wounding him and leaving him for dead. Despite this, Bagwell survives and eludes capture. His last scene of the season features the character staggering through the woods with his severed hand tucked into his armpit.
Season 2[edit]
Theodore Bagwell in Season 2
Bagwell has his hand reattached by a veterinary surgeon named Dr. Marvin Gudat, whom he murders afterwards. Bagwell then bleaches his hair to change his appearance, and begins his four episode long journey to Utah, to locate the money Charles Westmoreland had hidden there. In the fifth, sixth and seventh episodes, he rejoins part of the main cast as the group of five fugitives dig for Westmoreland's five million dollars under a garage. Bagwell tricks the other fugitives, stealing all the money, and sets out to find Susan Hollander, the woman who betrayed him. From the eighth episode onwards, Bagwell's storyline separates from the main plot, which concerns the protagonists escaping and later deciding to solve the conspiracy. In the following episode, "Unearthed", Bagwell arrives at Hollander's house, which has been vacated and is for sale. He is captured at the house by Brad Bellick (Wade Williams) and Roy Geary (Matt DeCaro) after hiding the five million dollars in a locker at a bus station. The next episode follows Bellick and Geary's torture of Bagwell as they try to discover where he has hidden the money. During the torture, the key to the locker that Bagwell had hidden in his sock falls out. The three men scuffle to retrieve it. Bagwell grabs the key and swallows it. Bellick and Geary tie Bagwell to a toilet in the house and shove Copenhagen tobacco in his mouth, along with laxatives. Bagwell passes the key, which has the location information on it. They clean it up, and use plastic handcuffs to attach his wrist to a radiator. Bagwell escapes from the cuff in "Bolshoi Booze" by re-severing his hand. Geary betrays Bellick and takes the money to an upscale hotel. Bagwell, having placed a tracking device in the bag, tracks it down and kills Geary by smashing his head with a champagne bottle. Before leaving with the money, Bagwell frames Bellick for Geary's murder, by placing Bellick's credit card receipt in Geary's dead, bloody hand. In the "fall finale" episode "The Killing Box" the last episode to air for 2006 in the United States, Bagwell sees a Vietnam war vet in a bar, who has a prosthetic hand. It's implied that Bagwell killed the man, as in his next scene of the episode, Bagwell is in possession of the prosthetic hand. He then takes advantage of a postal worker with his wily charms to gain access to Susan Hollander's new address. The postal worker genuinely likes Bagwell, until she recognizes him from a Wanted poster on the wall. Ever the survivalist, Bagwell eliminates her.
Bagwell eventually locates Susan, which served as one of the episode's cliffhangers. In his next two appearances of the season, he holds Susan and her children hostage in their home in Ness City, Kansas. He takes them to his childhood home in Alabama in "Bad Blood", where he reveals that they are his "salvation" and that he wants to become part of their family. He also explains that he is incapable of having children, presumably because of the nature of his own conception, and that the Bagwell bloodline will die with him. Throughout the episode he is haunted by flashbacks of his childhood, including the sexual abuse he received from his father. Susan rebuffs him, however, saying that she is not able to love him. Bagwell is heartbroken by her rejection and finally leaves them, calling the police to release them from his home. Beginning from the eighteenth episode, the next part of Bagwell's storyline concerns his decision to travel to Thailand. After taking the identity from a therapist he deliberately kills, Bagwell buys a ticket to Bangkok and boards a stop-over flight from Chicago, which coincidentally is the same plane Bellick is flying on. Bagwell recognizes Bellick at Mexico City International Airport in the episode "Sweet Caroline" and is forced to hide, consequently losing his money in the luggage carousel. He then grapples with a security guard in an attempt to retrieve the money, but fails to overpower him or retrieve the money. He runs away to avoid being captured. Later, security footage of him fleeing is transmitted on a Mexican news station.
After narrowly avoiding Sucre and Bellick in the episode "Panama", Bagwell travels to Panama; there he murders a prostitute. During an unseen encounter, Bagwell is coerced by Agent Kim into aiding the Company's plot to capture Lincoln and Michael, who are also in Panama. Kim's plot fails in the following episode, "Fin Del Camino", however, and T-Bag finds himself being chased by Bellick, Sucre, and Michael. He escapes Bellick by shooting him in the leg, but is captured soon after by Sucre and Michael. Bagwell escapes once again by stabbing Sucre in the chest with a screwdriver but is followed by Michael to an abandoned house. After Michael refuses Bagwell's truce (feeling responsible for everyone Bagwell has killed since escaping from prison), the two fight. Michael ultimately apprehends Bagwell by viciously impaling his remaining hand to the floor and leaving him for the Panamanian police. He then is transferred to a Panamanian cell, where Bellick is also imprisoned. In his last appearance of the season, Bagwell is seen screaming in a Panamanian jail, a man from the Company leaving him imprisoned for "getting caught". Bagwell is the fifth member of the Fox River Eight to be taken down by the authorities, and the second member not to die upon interception (the first being C-Note).
Season 3[edit]
Imprisoned in Sona along with Michael, Bellick, and Mahone, Bagwell is once again able to charm his way to an easier prison life than most, ingratiating himself to Lechero, a drug lord who is the most powerful man inside. Michael soon blackmails Bagwell about his pedophilic past, in order to gain access to Lechero's cell phone. Bagwell gets Michael the cellphone, but when it is put back Lechero notices that it had been moved. In order to deflect suspicion, Bagwell gets Lechero to question the loyalty of his right-hand man, Sammy, who has been openly hostile to Bagwell. Lechero is successfully manipulated into enlisting Bagwell as his personal spy, increasing Bagwell's position in the prison hierarchy.
Bagwell then gains the trust of Lechero's head drug smuggler and dealer, Nieves, only to then kill him by suffocating him with a plastic bag. He also covers up his murder by making it look like a drug overdose, and as a result replaces Nieves on Lechero's crew in the prison. He also protects Sister Mary Francis when the guards enter Sona, developing a liking for her in the process. When she steals Lechero's money, he diverts blame from her on to him and is punished for it by Lechero.
Later, when James Whistler is accused of murder and set to be killed, Bagwell attempts to 'help' Michael by asking him to frame his rival Sammy for the murder but Michael refuses to go through with it. When Michael and Whistler are caught trying to escape Sona twice, T-Bag becomes suspicious and figures out that Michael is trying to escape. He blackmails his way onto the team but, along with Bellick and Lechero, is tricked by Michael and captured to allow the others to escape.
After the escape, he is tortured until he says Fernando Sucre knows everything that happened about the escape. He finds the bird book that Whistler dropped and puts it into his pocket. He then is taken back to Sona and forms an ambitious plan to kill Lechero. He tricks Lechero into supplying $50,000 for an "escape" and then smothers him in front of a shocked Bellick. T-Bag then goes to the masses and hands out part of the $50,000 to all the cons. He begins the chant "all cons are equal" and ingratiates himself with everybody, leaving T-Bag as the new ruler of Sona.
Season 4[edit]
T-Bag’s character is once again central to the plot, as he holds Whistler’s bird book. As mentioned by Lincoln in the premiere episode, a riot in Sona led to T-Bag, Sucre, and Bellick escaping between the third and the fourth season. Much of T-Bag's character arc in this season is devoted to exploring the friction between his discovered yearning for legitimacy and his desire to seek revenge on Michael for leaving him behind in earlier seasons. After crossing the border, T-Bag begins to uncover the clues in the bird book and finds documents conjured up by Whistler to portray Cole Pfeiffer, a top salesman at a corporation called GATE. This forces T-Bag’s character to become critical to the plot. T-Bag’s storyline is initially separated from the other main characters, and he spends most of his screen time attempting to carry on his charade as the top salesman for the Gate Corporation, while spending most of his time trying to decipher the contents of Whistler's bird book.[1][2] Eventually, another sales manager exposes him as a fraud, and he quickly flees the building before being arrested. This begins his involvement with the main plotline. In the next episode, he is taken captive by former Company operative Gretchen Morgan, who interrogates him for his role in obtaining Scylla, The Company’s little black book. T-Bag learns that the bird book is a means to this end, and that there are people prepared to pay large sums of money for Scylla. For the next few episodes, T-Bag and Gretchen form a partnership, and while she murders the co-worker that exposed T-Bag, he takes Trishanne, the secretary from Gate Corporation, hostage to lure Michael to him and forces him at gunpoint to decipher the clues in Whistler’s bird book. They eventually discover the book contains blueprints to the Gate Corporation building, including a path to where Scylla can be decrypted. While forcing Michael at gunpoint into the secret compartment, Bagwell is surprised by Mahone, who along with Michael, captures him. T-Bag is freed in the next episode at the urging of Gretchen, and Michael and his team reluctantly accept him as an ally, as T-Bag’s access to Gate is valuable to the plan.[3]
In the following episodes, T-Bag appears mainly in scenes at Gate, where he continues to play a salesman. It is established that, together with Gretchen, he is planning on double crossing Michael and his team after they steal Scylla, in order to sell it to a Chinese crime syndicate for 125 million dollars. By the episode “Quiet Riot”, it becomes apparent that Gretchen is clearly the more ruthless and devoted to the plan, while T-Bag begins to grow increasingly attached to his new life and his dialogue shows that he wishes that he actually was Cole Pffeifer rather than Theodore Bagwell. Because of this, the character often shows a softer side in this part of the season. For instance after he learns about the death of Bellick, T-Bag seems to be somewhat upset,[4] despite the nature of their relationship in past seasons. However, he is still shown as intent on exacting revenge on Michael. T-Bag and Gretchen are waiting in T-Bag’s office with machine guns in “Selfless” prepared to ambush the Scylla team when they return. When T-Bag’s boss Mr. White spots Gretchen’s gun under the table, she takes the entire company hostage. Seeing his chance at a new life at Gate being destroyed forever, T-Bag reluctantly helps her take the GATE employees hostage, but in the same episode T-Bag is arrested by Trishanne (who is actually an under-cover federal agent sent by Homeland Security agent Don Self). At the end of the episode, Michael’s team is successful in getting Scylla and hands it over to Self who, in the episode’s twist ending, betrays everyone and steals Scylla. After Self murders Trishanne, he forces T-Bag to help him track down Gretchen by giving him the home address of her sister Rita and daughter Emily, whom T-Bag holds hostage while Gretchen and Self find a new buyer for Scylla. In the episode "Just Business", T-Bag continues to mourn the loss of his new life. When a bible salesman asks to come in, T-Bag believes him to be a Company agent and takes him hostage. After saying he wanted to be Cole Pffeifer and not Theodore Bagwell, he is about to kill the man when Rita tells him not to, saying that he has a chance for a new life. So he lets Rita and Emily go and unties the man, only to be knocked unconscious, proving that the man was a Company agent.
In the final third of the season, T-Bag is forced by The Company to work with Lincoln, Gretchen, and Self to get Scylla back by tracking down the buyer. The team is later joined by Mahone. When Gretchen is shot in a fire-fight with the buyer’s underlings, T-Bag’s character shows lingering hints of his softer side as he implores the others to spare Gretchen’s life. Still holding onto his desire for legitimacy, however, T-Bag continues to work with the rest of the team in the next few episodes, but also spies on the rest of them, and in several episodes reports back to The Company’s leader, General Krantz, with secret information that he has overheard. It is revealed in "VS" and "SOB" that T-Bag hopes to be rewarded for his efforts by becoming a fully fledged Company operative with his own office and desk. As the plot unfolds, he begins to grow back into his old ruthless persona. After the general arrives in Miami in "SOB", T-Bag starts working more directly with him and his minions. Attempting to impress the general and give him leverage against Michael, T-Bag tracks down Michael's girlfriend Sara Tancredi and holds her captive in "Cowboys and Indians". Still bent on revenge on Michael, T-Bag decides to rape Sara in "Rate of Exchange", but is knocked unconscious by Michael, who rescues Sara. After Michael hands over Scylla to Paul Kellerman, he gives them the option of letting T-Bag be exonerated with the rest of them or not. In the end, Sara, Michael, Lincoln, Sucre, Mahone and C-Note vote to have him taken back to prison. In the character’s final appearance in the series epilogue of the series finale, set 4 years after the main events of the show, T-Bag is revealed to be back at Fox River. He is seen overhearing an inmate speaking of the captivity of negativity (a term used by GATE). He sees the inmate was reading a book from GATE and he warns the inmate, telling him he does not ever want to see that book again and the inmate replies, referring to T-Bag as sir. He is last seen whistling to a boy to hold his pocket. T-Bag looks up at the sky, once again the king of prison. He is the only member of the Fox River Eight to be in prison when the series ended.
The Final Break[edit]
During the movie Prison Break: The Final Break, it shows T-Bag was taken back to jail, in a neighboring prison to Sara. In the prison T-Bag continues to help the General, even though the General claims poverty when asked to pay for contraband T-Bag gets him. The General contacts Gretchen and offers her $100,000 to kill Sara.
Michael comes up with a plan to parachute into the prison and rescue Sara. Lincoln offers T-Bag $5,000 to light a fire and set off the fire alarm at 7:00pm the night of the escape. T-Bag demands $100,000, and suggests they can get it by robbing the General of the money he has to pay the bounty on Sara. T-Bag did this to settle grudges with the General, including the General's refusal to pay T-Bag for favors in jail. T-Bag provides Lincoln with the name and phone number of Joe Daniels, (Richmond Arquette) the General's agent. Lincoln agrees to steal the money and put it in T-Bag's account by 7:00. Lincoln and Sucre then steal the $100,000 from Daniels. When T-Bag finds out that the transfer did not take place by 7:00 as promised, he angrily reveals the plot to the warden, and tells her that he was instructed to set off the fire alarm. Special Agent Wheatley responds by demanding the fire alarm and other systems that would cover other noises be turned off. This turned out to be part of Michael's plan knowing T-Bag would talk to the warden. Due to aiding in Sara's escape, T-Bag is put into solitary confinement.
Breakout Kings[edit]
In the Breakout Kings episode "The Bag Man", T-Bag again breaks out of prison to get revenge on the orderlies who wronged his mother. He escapes by stabbing a guard to death with his prosthetic hand, which he has sharpened to a point, while being escorted to the hospital for a replacement. T-Bag is eventually caught and briefly interviewed by Dr. Lloyd Lowery, who wants to find some clue as to the reasoning behind T-Bag's actions. Lloyd concludes the interview by saying, "Some machines come out of the factory broken. You're a broken machine." Once he is left alone in the interrogation room, Bagwell quietly agrees.
Season 5[edit]
T-Bag returns in the revival season, set seven years after the events of The Final Break. He begins the season still incarcerated at Fox River, but is soon released due to an unknown benefactor. While receiving his possessions back, he receives an envelope that contains a picture of Michael, apparently alive in Ogygia Prison in Yemen. T-Bag contacts Lincoln in Chicago, where he reveals the photo. Lincoln understandably doesn't trust T-Bag, but keeps the photo nonetheless. T-Bag is soon contacted by a doctor who offers him a procedure that would equip him with a robotic hand. T-Bag is skeptical at first, but agrees to undergo the process. After the procedure, he threatens the doctor and demands to know who set it up, and the doctor reveals a man known only as "Outis", Michael's alias in Yemen.
After a one episode absence, T-Bag returns in "The Liar". He tracks down Sara and he reveals he knows about Michael's activities as Kaniel Outis. He warns Sara of mercenaries tracking her, though Sara rebuffs him. After escaping the mercenaries' attempt on her life, she learns her phone was hacked via her own fingerprint, and suspects Paul Kellerman. Sara contacts T-Bag and asks him to set up a meeting with Kellerman to find out what he knows, to which T-Bag accepts.
Bagwell tracks Kellerman to his home and hold him at gunpoint, believing him to be the villainous Poseidon, a rogue CIA operative who is looking to do away with Michael for good and sent his agents after Sara. Kellerman explains he is not Poseidon, but was looking into his operation, known as 21 Void. Before he can finish explaining, Kellerman is killed by Poseidon's mercenaries Van Gough and A&W, but T-Bag escapes. He later tracks the mercenaries to Virginia in Kellerman's car, where he witnesses them meet with Jacob, Sara's new husband. T-Bag relays this information to Sara.
After a three episode absence, T-Bag returns in the penultimate episode of the season, reading a letter from Michael that concludes with a warning that in exchange for his freedom, T-Bag "must take a life". T-Bag drives to Lake Michigan, he leaves a remorseful message to God on his phone. He then confronts David "Whip" Martin, Michael's right hand man during his CIA exploits, and reveals that he thought himself infertile, Michael discovered that he is his father.
In the season finalie, Michael reveals he contacted T-Bag as he knew Poseidon, revealed to be Jacob, wouldn't monitor their communications due to Michael's hatred for T-Bag. Michael tells T-Bag he wants him to kill Jacob to ensure everyone can get a happy life even though it means T-Bag will go back to prison. Despite David's objections, T-Bag consents, feeling that some people need to die. T-Bag aids Michael in his plan to frame Jacob, but it goes awry when A&W kills David. An enraged T-Bag snaps A&W's neck and is sent back to Fox River for her murder. There, thanks to Michael, he ends up with Jacob as his cellmate. As the Fox River inmates cheer him on, T-Bag brutally assaults Jacob.
Characteristics[edit]
Robert Knepper
Despite being despised by the other convicts for his heinous crimes and affiliation with the Alliance for Purity, T-Bag is quite eloquent and many women find him charming. Knepper comments that, "T-Bag's not crazy. He knows exactly what he's doing. He's not going to make himself stupid."[5] In a separate interview, Knepper says, "I never play him like a stereotypical racist or redneck. He's actually quite cunning and smart."[6] He likens the character to "Truman Capote without a degree."[7]
As an adult, T-Bag starts committing more serious crimes, such as battery, assault, attempted murder, murder, rape, and kidnapping. It is also insinuated that he is a pedophile, and it is implied once in passing that he is also a necrophiliac. The character's sexual appetite ranges from in general, young men and women, adolescents, and children. The character once seduced a transsexual within the prison at the behest of Sucre so as to obtain a pair of female undergarments necessary for a ruse; yet previously mocked the individual, stating 'I may be social, but that's the boundary line even I won't cross.' When asked about the character's sexuality, Knepper stated, "We're not passing judgment. We're not trying to get these people off the hook. T-Bag's not a homosexual. He's a raw animal. He'd [sleep with] anything."[5]
Knepper said of fans of the series, "Around episode 6 or 7, I got so many letters from people saying, 'When I first started watching this show, I absolutely hated you and I wanted you dead. Now I still want you dead, but I'm starting to feel for you.' I think there's something in my eyes, a childlike thing in there. There's still an innocence. There's still a bit of hope."[8]
During season four T-Bag starts showing disillusionment with his actions, even saying that he wishes that he could have been Cole Pfeiffer, respected salesman and person. He shows reluctance to undertake disturbing tasks. He shows emotion and is upset after receiving the news of Bellick's death. He does not want to take GATE hostage and reacts emotionally when Gretchen kills Gregory White, his employer and only true friend. He demonstrated authentic reluctance to kill Gretchen's family or the Bible Salesman/Company Agent. He eventually offers to even release him, at great risk to his personal freedom and lets Gretchen's family go. In the fall finale, T-Bag is the main party against Lincoln killing Gretchen, citing her being a mother as a reason, which can be seen as significant as she had tried to kill him not more than a few days earlier.
During press for the revival season, Knepper himself stated that he doesn't like talking about the heinous crimes for which T-Bag was initially imprisoned.[9]
Reception[edit]
T-Bag is described by TV Guide's Maya Schechter as "one of the creepiest characters on television"[10] and is mentioned by Entertainment Weekly as one of "TV's best villains".[8]
Production details[edit]
Silas Weir Mitchell, who was cast in the role of Charles "Haywire" Patoshik, originally auditioned for the role of T-Bag.[11]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Eagles & Angels
Jump up ^ Safe & Sound
Jump up ^ Five the Hard Way
Jump up ^ The Legend
^ Jump up to: a b Ryan, M, "Robert Knepper: The bad boy gets the best lines." Chicago Tribune. March 16, 2006. Retrieved on March 2, 2007.
Jump up ^ Fonseca, N, "T-Bag... and no sympathy." Entertainment Weekly. December 2, 2005. Retrieved on March 2, 2007.
Jump up ^ Jensen, J, "Pro Cons: Theodore 'T-Bag' Bagwell." Entertainment Weekly. March 16, 2006. Retrieved on March 2, 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b "Criminal Minds." Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved on March 2, 2007.
Jump up ^ "Prison Break" Cast Plays 'Know Your Fox River 8' | E! Live from the Red Carpet on YouTube E!. Retrieved on June 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Schechter, M. "November 27, 2006: The Killing Box[permanent dead link]". TV Guide. November 28, 2006. Retrieved on March 2, 2007.
Jump up ^ Cute Poison, Prison Break Complete Season 1 DVD, commentary by Matt Olmsted and Silas Weir Mitchell.
External links[edit]
Criminal Minds: Robert Knepper as Prison Break's Theodore "T-BAG" Bagwell at Entertainment Weekly
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