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Dance India Dance
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Dance India Dance
Series logo for the first five seasons[note 1]
Also known as
DID
Genre
Reality
Created by
UTV Software Communications
Presented by
Jay Bhanushali
Saumya Tandon
Ishita Sharma
Sahil Khattar
Amruta Khanvilkar
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Geeta Kapoor
Terence Lewis
Remo D'Souza
Mudassar Khan
Feroz Khan
Shruti Merchant
Punit Pathak
Gaiti Siddiqui
Marzi Pestonji
Mini Pradhan
Opening theme
"India, Dance India Dance"
Country of origin
India
Original language(s)
Hindi
No. of seasons
6
No. of episodes
203
Production
Camera setup
Multi-camera
Running time
1 hour
Production company(s)
Essel Vision Productions
Frames Production
Release
Original network
Zee TV
Picture format
480p (SDTV)
720p (HDTV)
Original release
30 January 2009 (2009-01-30) – 18 February 2018 (2018-02-18)
Chronology
Related shows
DID Li'l Masters
DID Doubles
DID Super Moms
External links
Website
Dance India Dance (also called by the acronym DID; tagline:Dance Ka Asli ID D.I.D.) is an Indian dance competition reality television series that airs on Zee TV, created by UTV Software Communications & produced by Essel Vision Productions. It premiered on 30 January 2009. Every season of the series is judged by 3 Indian choreographers with famous Indian film actor Mithun Chakraborty, where he has been judging as the head judge. Here the judges are called Masters and Mithun Chakraborty is called Grand Master.
The show features a format where dancers from a variety of styles enter open auditions held in Indian metropolitan cities to showcase their unique style and talents and, if allowed to move forward, are then put through mega-audition rounds of auditions to test their ability to adapt to different styles. At the end of mega audition, the top 18 dancers are chosen as finalists who move on to compete in the competition's main phase where they will perform solo, duet and group dance numbers in a variety of styles in competition for the votes of the broadcast viewing audience which, combined with the input of a panel of judges, determine which dancers will advance to the next stage from week to week.[1]
The show features a variety of Indian cultural and international dance styles ranging across a broad spectrum of classical, Contemporary, Bollywood, Hip-hop, Jazz, Kalaripayattu, Salsa, and Musical theatre styles, amongst others, with many subgenres within these categories represented. Competitors attempt to master these styles in an attempt to survive successive weeks of elimination and win a cash prize and often other awards, as well as the title of India's Best Dancer. The show is choreographed by Indian choreographers, such as Mudassar Khan, Marzi Pestonji and Mini Pradhan. The show has won several television awards for Most Popular Dance Reality Show.[2]
Contents
1 Format
1.1 Selection process
1.2 Judges
2 Season details
2.1 Season 1
2.2 Season 2
2.3 Season 3
2.4 Season 4
2.5 Season 5
2.6 Season 6
3 Spin-offs
3.1 Li'l Masters
3.2 Doubles
3.3 Super Moms
3.4 Special shows
3.4.1 Dance Ke Superstars
3.4.2 Dance Ke Superkids
3.4.3 Dance Ka Tashan
4 Notes
5 References
6 External links
Format[edit]
Selection process[edit]
The selection process can be further broken down into two distinct stages: the Open Auditions and a second phase referred to as the Mega Auditions.
The Open Auditions take place in 5–6 major Indian cities and are typically open to anyone aged 15–30 at the time of their audition. The cities in which auditions are held varies from season to season but some, such as New Delhi, Mumbai and Kolkata have featured in almost every season. During this stage, dancers perform a brief routine (typically individually) before three masters. The masters will then make an on-the-spot decision as to whether the dancer demonstrated enough ability.[3] If the dancer impressed the masters with his/her dancing abilities, masters will award a Hat called Taqdeer Ki Topi (Hat of Destiny), moving them instantly one step forward in the competition.[4]
The second stage of the selection process, the Mega Auditions, is a several-day-long process in which the 100 hopefuls are tested for overall well-rounded dance ability, stamina, and their ability to perform under pressure. The dancers are put through a battery of rounds which test their ability to pick up various dance styles (typically some of the more well-represented genres that will later be prominent in the competition phase, such as Hip hop, Bollywood, Jazz, Bharat Natyam, Kathak, Mohiniyattam, Odissi and Contemporary). At the end of this process, only the top 36 competitors will be chosen. The top 36 are then again asked to give solo performances, after which 18 are chosen in the final auditions. Then, those top 18 get divided into 3 teams which are named according to the 3 masters of the show such as, Mudassar Ki Mandali, Marzi Ke Mastane and Mini Ke Masterblasters. Each team containing 6 dancers then competes in the show, learning new skills throughout the journey.[5]
Judges[edit]
Grand Master Mithun Chakraborty has been being the head judge of the series. When any contestant performs an extra-ordinary performance, Grand Master gives him/her a salute. It's called Grand Salute and it is the highest respect for any contestant here. Every season, 3 Indian choreographers (who are called Masters) choreograph the contestants and judge them too with Grand Master. First three seasons was judged by 3 regular judges Master Geeta Kapoor, Master Terence Lewis & Master Remo D'Souza with Grand Master. Then the judges were changed season by season from season 4. When any contestant performs a perfect act, the judges give him/her a special speech which is as respect for the contestant.
List of the judges:
Rank
Name
Team
Duration
Seasons
Special speech
Best
achievement
Grand Master
(head judge) Mithun Chakraborty - 2009-18 All[note 2] Kya baat, kya baat, kya baat. -
Master
(judge) Geeta Kapoor Geeta Ki Gang 2009-12 1, 2, 3 Stupendo-fantabulous fantastical. 1st in season 3
Terence Lewis Terence Ki Toli Chummeshwari performance. 1st in season 2
Remo D'Souza Remo Ke Rangeelay That's what I call a performance. 1st in season 1
Mudassar Khan Mudassar Ki Mandali 2013-18 4, 5, 6 Chik chik boom fire. 1st in season 4
Feroz Khan Feroz Ki Fauz 2013-14 4 Ferocious performance. 3rd in season 4
Shruti Merchant Shruti Ke Shandar Jumbari jiri jiri jam jatak performance. 2nd in season 4
Punit Pathak Punit Ke Panthers 2015 5 Chamu performance. 1st in season 5
Gaiti Siddiqui Gaiti Ke Gangsters K.I.L.L.E.R performance. 2nd in season 5
Marzi Pestonji Marzi Ke Mastane 2017-18 6 N/A[note 3] 2nd in season 6
Mini Pradhan Mini Ke Masterblasters Tod diya, phod diya.[note 4] 1st in season 6
Season details[edit]
Series table:
Season
Duration
No. of
weeks
No. of
episodes
Finalists
Presenters
Winner
Runner-up
Third place
Fourth place
Fifth place
Male
Female
1
30 January -
30 May 2009 18 35 Salman Khan Alisha Singh Siddhesh Pai Jai Kumar Nair N/A[note 5] Jay Bhanushali Saumya Tandon
2
18 December 2009 -
23 April 2010 19 37 Shakti Mohan Dharmesh Yelande Punit Pathak Binny Sharma
3
24 December 2011 -
21 April 2012 18 35 Rajasmita Kar Pradeep Gurung Raghav Juyal Sanam Johar Mohena Singh
4
26 October 2013 -
22 February 2014 18 34 Shyam Yadav Manan Sachdeva Biki Das Sumedh Mudgalkar N/A[note 5] Ishita Sharma
5
27 June -
10 October 2015 16 31 Proneeta Swargiary Nirmal Tamang Sahil Adanaya Kaushik Mandal Ashish Vashistha N/A[note 6]
6
4 November 2017 -
18 February 2018 16 31 Sanket Gaonkar Sachin Sharma Piyush Gurbhele Nainika Anasuru Shivam Wankhede Sahil Khattar Amruta Khanvilkar
Season 1[edit]
Dance India Dance
Season 1
Broadcast from
30 January (2009-01-30) – 30 May 2009 (2009-05-30)
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Geeta Kapoor
Terence Lewis
Remo D'Souza
Host(s)
Jay Bhanushali
Saumya Tandon
Broadcaster
Zee TV
No. of episodes
35
Winner
Salman Khan
Origin
Mumbai
Runner-up
Alisha Singh
Chronology
2009
▶
First season was started on 30 January 2009. This season was hosted by Jay Bhanushali and Saumya Tandon. The grand finale was aired on 30 May 2009 and winner was Salman Yusuff Khan.
Masters:
Remo D'Souza, his team was named Remo Ke Rangeelay.
Terence Lewis, his team was named Terence Ki Toli.
Geeta Kapoor, her team was named Geeta Ki Gang.
Top 12 Contestants:
Remo Ke Rangeelay:
Salman Yusuff Khan
Prince R. Gupta
Khushboo Purohit
Mangesh Mondal
Bhavana Purohit
Rakhee Sharma
Terence Ki Toli:
Alisha Singh
Jai Kumar Nair
Mayuresh Wadkar
Vrushali Chavan
Geeta Ki Gang:
Siddhesh Pai
Sunita Gogoi
Finalists:
Salman Yusuff Khan (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was the winner.
Alisha Singh (from Terence Ki Toli) was 1st runner-up.
Siddhesh Pai (from Geeta Ki Gang) was 2nd runner-up.
Jai Kumar Nair (from Terence Ki Toli) was 3rd runner-up.
Season 2[edit]
Dance India Dance
Season 2
Broadcast from
18 December 2009 (2009-12-18) – 23 April 2010 (2010-04-23)
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Geeta Kapoor
Terence Lewis
Remo D'Souza
Host(s)
Jay Bhanushali
Saumya Tandon
Broadcaster
Zee TV
No. of episodes
37
Website
"Dance India Dance Season 2".
Winner
Shakti Mohan
Origin
Mumbai
Runner-up
Dharmesh Yelande
Chronology
◀
2009-10
▶
Second season was started on 18 December 2009. This season was also hosted by Jay Bhanushali and Saumya Tandon. The grand finale was aired on 23 April 2010 and winner was Shakti Mohan.[6]
Masters:
Remo D'Souza, his team was named Remo Ke Rangeelay.
Terence Lewis, his team was named Terence Ki Toli.
Geeta Kapoor, her team was named Geeta Ki Gang.
Top 12 Contestants:
Remo Ke Rangeelay:
Punit Pathak
Saajan Singh
Nikkitasha Marwaha
Shashank Dogra
Terence Ki Toli:
Shakti Mohan
Amarjeet Singh
Jack Gill
Kruti Mahesh
Geeta Ki Gang:
Dharmesh Yelande
Binny Sharma
Amrita Moitra
Kishore Aman
Finalists:
Shakti Mohan (from Terence Ki Toli) was the winner.
Dharmesh Yelande (from Geeta Ki Gang) was 1st runner-up.
Punit Pathak (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was 2nd runner-up.
Binny Sharma (from Geeta Ki Gang) was 3rd runner-up.
Season 3[edit]
Dance India Dance
Season 3
Broadcast from
24 December 2011 (2011-12-24) – 21 April 2012 (2012-04-21)
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Geeta Kapoor
Terence Lewis
Remo D'Souza
Host(s)
Jay Bhanushali
Saumya Tandon
Broadcaster
Zee TV
No. of episodes
35
Website
"Dance India Dance Season 3".
Winner
Rajasmita Kar
Origin
Bhubaneswar
Runner-up
Pradeep Gurung
Chronology
◀
2011-12
▶
Third season was started on 24 December 2011. This season was also hosted by Jay Bhanushali and Saumya Tandon. The grand finale was aired on 21 April 2012 and winner was Rajasmita Kar.[7]
Masters:
Remo D'Souza, his team was named Remo Ke Rangeelay.
Terence Lewis, his team was named Terence Ki Toli.
Geeta Kapoor, her team was named Geeta Ki Gang.
Top 13 Contestants:
Remo Ke Rangeelay:
Sanam Johar
Mohena Singh
Vaibhav Ghuge
Terence Ki Toli:
Pradeep Gurung
Raghav Juyal
Neerav Balvecha
Sneha Gupta
Piyali Saha
Varoon
Geeta Ki Gang:
Rajasmita Kar
Abheek Banerjee
Paul Marshal
Urvashi Gandhi
Finalists:
Rajasmita Kar (from Geeta Ki Gang) was the winner.
Pradeep Gurung (from Terence Ki Toli) was 1st runner-up.
Raghav Juyal (from Terence Ki Toli) was 2nd runner-up.
Sanam Johar (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was 3rd runner-up.
Mohena Singh (from Remo Ke Rangeelay) was 4th runner-up.
Season 4[edit]
Dance India Dance
Season 4
Broadcast from
26 October 2013 (2013-10-26) – 22 February 2014 (2014-02-22)
Host(s)
Jay Bhanushali
Ishita Sharma
Broadcaster
Zee TV
No. of episodes
34
Website
"Dance India Dance Season 4".
Winner
Shyam Yadav
Origin
Mumbai
Runner-up
Manan Sachdeva
Chronology
◀
2013-14
▶
Fourth season was started on 26 October 2013. This season was hosted by Jay Bhanushali and Ishita Sharma. The grand finale was aired on 22 February 2014 and winner was Shyam Yadav.[8]
Masters:
Mudassar Khan, his team was named Mudassar Ki Mandali.
Shruti Merchant, her team was named Shruti Ke Shandar.
Feroz Khan, his team was named Feroz Ki Fauj.
Top 10 Contestants:
Mudassar Ki Mandali:
Shyam Yadav
Swarali Karulkar
Dhiraj Bakshi
Shruti Ke Shandar:
Manan Sachdeva
Sumedh Mudgalkar
Shrishti Jain
Suniketa Bore
Feroz Ki Fauj:
Biki Das
Arundhati Garnaik
Ashutosh Pawar
Finalists:
Shyam Yadav (from Mudassar Ki Mandali) was the winner.
Manan Sachdeva (from Shruti Ke Shandar) was 1st runner-up.
Biki Das (from Firoz Ki Fauj) was 2nd runner-up.
Sumedh Mudgalkar (from Shruti Ke Shandar) was 3rd runner-up.
Season 5[edit]
Main article: Dance India Dance (season 5)
Dance India Dance
Season 5
Broadcast from
27 June (2015-06-27) – 10 October 2015 (2015-10-10)
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Mudassar Khan
Punit Pathak
Gaiti Siddiqui
Host(s)
Jay Bhanushali
Broadcaster
Zee TV
No. of episodes
31
Website
"Dance India Dance Season 5".
Winner
Proneeta Swargiary
Origin
Delhi
Runner-up
Nirmal Tamang
Chronology
◀
2015
▶
Fifth season was started on 27 June 2015. This season was hosted by Jay Bhanushali. The grand finale was aired on 10 October 2015 and winner was Proneeta Swargiary.[9]
Masters:
Mudassar Khan, his team was named Mudassar Ki Mandali.
Punit Pathak, his team was named Punit Ke Panthers.
Gaiti Siddiqui, her team was named Gaiti Ke Gangsters.
Top 11 Contestants:
Mudassar Ki Mandali:
Kaushik Mandal
Saddam Hussain Sheikh
Anuradha Iyengar
Vicky Alhat
Punit Ke Panthers:
Proneeta Swargiary
Ashish Vashistha
Sally Sheikh
Pankaj Thapa
Gaiti Ke Gangsters:
Nirmal Tamang
Sahil Adanaya
Anila Rajan
Finalists:
Proneeta Swargiary (from Punit Ke Panthers) was the winner.
Nirmal Tamang (from Gaiti Ke Gangsters) was 1st runner-up.
Sahil Adanaya (from Gaiti Ke Gangsters) was 2nd runner-up.
Kaushik Mandal (from Mudassar Ki Mandali) was 3rd runner-up.
Ashish Vashistha (from Punit Ke Panthers) was 4th runner-up.
Season 6[edit]
Dance India Dance
Season 6
Broadcast from
4 November 2017 (2017-11-04) – 18 February 2018 (2018-02-18)
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Mudassar Khan
Marzi Pestonji
Mini Pradhan
Host(s)
Amruta Khanvilkar
Sahil Khattar
Broadcaster
Zee TV
No. of episodes
31
Website
"Dance India Dance - 2017".
Winner
Sanket Gaonkar
Origin
Ankola
Runner-up
Sachin Sharma
Chronology
◀
2017-18
Sixth season is being aired from 4 November 2017. This season is being hosted by Amruta Khanvilkar and Sahil Khattar.[10]
Masters:
Mudassar Khan, his team is named Mudassar Ki Mandali.
Marzi Pestonji, his team is named Marzi Ke Mastane.
Mini Pradhan, her team is named Mini Ke Masterblasters.
Top Contestants:
Mudassar Ki Mandali:
Shivam Wankhede (Jalgaon)
Paramdeep Singh (Eliminated)
Alphons Chetty (Eliminated)
Daphisha Kharbani (Eliminated)
Ria Chatterjee (Eliminated)
Deepak (Eliminated)
Marzi Ke Mastane:
Sachin Sharma (Faridabad)
Kalpita Kachroo (Eliminated)
punyakar upadhyay (Eliminated)
shwetha warrier (Eliminated)
shweta sharda (Eliminated)
Rahul Burman (Eliminated)
Mini Ke Masterblasters:
Sanket Gaonkar (Ankola)
Piyush Gurbhele (Nagpur)
Nainika Anasuru (Jharsuguda) (Odisha) (Wildcard Entry)
Sujan Marpa (Eliminated)
Deepak Hulsure (Wildcard Entry) (Eliminated)
Sonal Vichare (Eliminated)
Mitesh Roy (Eliminated)
Sarang Roy (Eliminated)
Top 5 Finalists:
Sanket Gaonkar (Ankola)
Piyush Gurbhele (Nagpur)
Nainika Anasuru (Jharsuguda) (Odisha) (Wildcard Entry)
Sachin Sharma (Faridabad)
Shivam Wankhede (Jalgaon)
Sanket Gaonkar (from Mini Ke Masterblasters) is the winner
Sachin Sharma (from Marzi Ke Mastane) is first runner up
Piyush Gurbhele (from Mini Ke Masterblasters) is second runner up
Nainika Anasuru (from Mini Ke Masterblasters) is third runner up
Shivam Wankhede (from Mudassar Ki Mandali) is fourth runner up
Spin-offs[edit]
Li'l Masters[edit]
Dance India Dance Li'l Masters
Also known as
DID Li'l Masters
Genre
Reality
Presented by
Manish Paul
Jay Bhanushali
Judges
Mithun Chakraborty (head judge)
Farah Khan
Sandip Soparrkar
Geeta Kapoor
Marzi Pestonji
Ahmed Khan
Siddharth Anand
Chitrangada Singh
Opening theme
"D.I.D. Little Masters"
Country of origin
India
Original language(s)
Hindi
No. of seasons
4
Production
Camera setup
Multi-camera
Running time
1 hour
Release
Original network
Zee TV
Original release
30 April 2010 (2010-04-30) – present
External links
Website
The first season of DID L'il Masters was judged by Farah Khan and Sandip Soparrkar. The four skippers and their teams were: Dharmesh ke Dhinchak, Jai ke Jhatang-Fatang, Vrushali ke Dhum-Dhadake and Amrita ke Aflatoon. Jeetumoni Kalita from Dharmesh ke Dhinchak was declared winner of the first season of Dance India Dance L'il Masters. Atul Banmoria was the 1st runner-up and Vaishnavi Patil was the 2nd runner-up , Sonik Chauhan from Delhi got the best performer award from Finalist and Tiyash Saha (Wild Card Entry) from Kolkata (Neerav ke Rockstars) got the 5th position and most entertaining participant of the Season , Ritika and Pallavi got 6th position.
DID L'il Masters 2 was judged by Master Geeta and Master Marzi. The four skippers and their teams were Prince ke Paltan, Raghav ke Rockstars, Kruti ke Krackers and Neerav ke Ninjas. 5 contestants, Jeet, Om, Faisal, Rohan and Saumya entered the grand finale. Faisal Khan, from Prince ke Paltan, was declared as the winner of the second season.[11][12] Om Chetry, Rohan Parkale and Saumya Rai came second, third and fourth respectively.
The third season began broadcasting on 1 March 2014.[13][14] Geeta Kapoor, Ahmad Khan and Mudassar Khan were judges, along with Sanam Johar, Raghav Crockroaz Juyal/ Omkar Shinde, Rahul Shetty and Paul Marshal Cardoz and Swarali Karulkar, as skippers.[15][16][17][18] The teams were Raghav/Omkar ke Rockstar, Sanam ke Superheroes, Rahul and Paul ke Rapchik Punters and Swarali ke Sparklers. Teriya Magar from Nepal was declared the winner,[19] and Anushka Chetry became the 1st runner-up. Sadhwin Shetty was the 2nd runner-up.
DID Li'l Masters returned with its 4th season after 4 years. It began broadcasting on 3rd March 2018. Marzi Pestonji, Chitrangnda Singh and Siddharth Anand are the judges along with Vaishnavi Patil, Jitumoni Kalita, Tanay Malhara and Bir Radha Sherpa as the skippers. The teams are Vaishnavi Ke Veer, Jitumoni ke Janbaaz, Tanay ke Tigers and Bir ke Baahubali. Jiya Thakur from Vaishnavi ke Veer wins the title. Urva Bhavsar from Jitumoni ke Janbaaz is the first runner up followed by Tamman Gamnu from Bir ke Baahubali.
Dance India Dance L'il Masters North America Edition - Auditions were conducted in April 2014 with over 10,000 contestants auditioning from all across the US, Canada and Europe. Out of them 10 contestants were chosen and were flown to Mumbai, India to compete in the finals. The winner was Akhil and the second winner was Avantika Vandanapu
Doubles[edit]
The shows consisted of 12 finalist couples. The Grand Finale was scheduled for filming 7 April 2011 at the Andheri Sports Complex for broadcast on 9 April 2011.[20] Amit and Falon were voted the winners of the season.
Super Moms[edit]
Mithu Chowdhury from Kolkata was declared the winner of Dance India Dance Super Moms 2013 Season, and Cecille Rodrigues from Goa was the 1st runner-up, and Shraddha Shah Raj from Surat was the 2nd runner-up.[21]
The second season started in March 2015.[22] Harpreet Khatri who hails from Mumbai was announced the winner of Dance India Dance Super Moms Season 2 in 2015. Season 2 was anchored by popular TV actor Karan Wahi. Season 2 was judged by Geeta Kapoor, Govinda, and Terence Lewis.
Special shows[edit]
Dance Ke Superstars[edit]
Dance Ke Superstars featured contestants from the first two seasons to compete against each other. The show was judged by choreographers Remo D'Souza and Shiamak Davar, and featured a guest judge every week. Team Jalwa, the Season 2 DID contestants, won the series.
Dance Ke Superkids[edit]
Dance ke Superkids- Battle of the Baaps! featured contestants from the first two seasons of DID L'iL Masters. It was judged by Geeta Kapoor, Farah Khan and Marzi Pestonji and hosted by Jay Bhanushali and Shreya Acharya.[23][24] Team Yahoo, also known as DID L'il Masters Season 2, was led by Captain Raghav Juyal and choreographers: Kruti Mahesh and Prince Gupta. They won the competition with Faisal Khan, Soumya Rai, Rohan Parkale, Om Chetri, Jeet Das, Shalini Moitra and Tanay Malhara dancing their way to victory. Team Wakao, also known as DID L'il Masters Season 1, was led by Captain Dharmesh Yelande and choreographers: Mayuresh Vadkar and Vrushali Chavan; with dancing contestants: Jeetumoni Kalita, Vatsal Vithlani, Ruturaj Mahalim, Vaishnavi Patil, Atul Banmoria, Anurag Sarmah and Khyati Patel. The team fell just short of victory but thoroughly celebrated their time on the show all the same.
Dance Ka Tashan[edit]
DID Dance Ka Tashan featured contestants from Dance India Dance Super Moms competing against contestants from Dance India Dance L'il Masters 2. The show aired in November 2013 and was judged by choreographer Ahmed Khan and Geeta Kapoor and hosted by TV actor Rithvik Dhanjani and India's Best Dramebaaz, Nihar. The show was won by Team Todu, the DID L'il Masters Season 2 contestants, Faisal, Soumya, Rohan, Om, Shalini, Deep, Tanay, Jeet and Shreya.
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ DID changed style of the regular logo for season 6.
Jump up ^ Grand Master Mithun Da is the permanent head judge of DID.
Jump up ^ Master Marzi stands on table to showing respect for a perfect performance.
Jump up ^ Master Mini's full speech is Tod diya, phod diya, marod diya aur sabko peechey chhod diya.
^ Jump up to: a b There were 4 finalists in season 1, season 2 & season 4
Jump up ^ There was no female host in season 5. Jay Bhanushali hosted alone that season.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance Season 3 15th April *Akshay Kumar* | Dance India Dance". Danceindiadance.in. 14 April 2012. Archived from the original on 18 April 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
Jump up ^ Smitha. "Akshay Kumar gifts Rs 1 lakh to Dance India Dance Season 3 finalists". Entertainment.oneindia.in. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
Jump up ^ "Akshay Kumar on Dance India Dance — Times Of India". Articles.timesofindia.indiatimes.com. 2012-04-12. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance 7th April *Super Six Contestants* | Dance India Dance". Danceindiadance.in. Archived from the original on 11 April 2012. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
Jump up ^ Gupta, Rahul. "Now watch Dance India Dance on mobiles". Themobileindian.com. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance Season 2".
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance Season 3".
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance Season 4".
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance Season 5".
Jump up ^ "Dance India Dance - 2017".
Jump up ^ Faisal Khan Wins 'Dance India Dance Li’L Master' Season 2
Jump up ^ Faisal Khan wins Dance India Dance Li'l Masters Season 2
Jump up ^ Dance India Dance Li'l Masters 3 participants unveiled
Jump up ^ DID L’il Masters — Season 3/ Pocket dynamites
Jump up ^ Geeta Kapoor & Ahmad Khan back with DID L’il Masters Season 3
Jump up ^ Geeta Kapoor, Ahmed Khan return as judges on ‘DID’
Jump up ^ I was scared of judging: Choreographer Ahmad Khan
Jump up ^ This dance show will scare you: Geeta Kapur
Jump up ^ "11 Year Old Teriya Magar wins Dance India Dance L'il Masters' season 3". IANS. news.biharprabha.com. Retrieved 22 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "DID Doubles finale not live?". Hindustan Times. 2 April 2011. Archived from the original on 31 August 2011. Retrieved 2012-04-18.
Jump up ^ "Meet Mithu Chowdhury who became India's 1st DID Super Mom". Retrieved 9 September 2013.
Jump up ^ http://www.zeetv.com/shows/dance-india-dance-super-moms/
Jump up ^ Farah Khan and Geeta Kapoor team up
Jump up ^ These kids will put us elders to shame: Dance 'guru' Geeta Kapur
External links[edit]
Dance portal
ZEE TV Official Channel
Dance India Dance on IMDb
show
v
t
e
Dance India Dance
Main series
Seasons
Season 1
Season 2
Season 3
Season 4
Season 5
Season 6
Winners
Salman Khan
Shakti Mohan
Rajasmita Kar
Shyam Yadav
Proneeta Swargiary
Others
Dharmesh Yelande
Punit Pathak
Binny Sharma
Raghav Juyal
Li'l Masters
Winners
Faisal Khan
Teriya Magar
Others
Soumya Rai
show
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Mount Mitchell
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the North Carolina mountain. For other uses, see Mount Mitchell (disambiguation).
Mount Mitchell
Mount Mitchell, viewed from Mount Craig
Highest point
Elevation
6,684 ft (2,037 m) [1]
Prominence
6,089 ft (1,856 m) [1]
Isolation
1,189 miles (1,914 km)
Listing
World most isolated peaks 31st
North America isolated peaks 4th
US most prominent peaks 62nd
U.S. state high points 16th
Coordinates
35°45′53″N 82°15′54″W / 35.764839°N 82.2651221°W / 35.764839; -82.2651221Coordinates: 35°45′53″N 82°15′54″W / 35.764839°N 82.2651221°W / 35.764839; -82.2651221 [2]
Geography
Mount Mitchell
North Carolina, U.S.
Location
Yancey County, North Carolina, United States
Parent range
Appalachian Mountains
Topo map
USGS Mount Mitchell
Climbing
Easiest route
Hike
Mount Mitchell is the highest peak of the Appalachian Mountains and the highest peak in mainland eastern North America. It is located near Burnsville in Yancey County, North Carolina, in the Black Mountain subrange of the Appalachians, and about 19 miles (31 km) northeast of Asheville. It is protected by Mount Mitchell State Park and surrounded by the Pisgah National Forest. Mount Mitchell's elevation is 6,684 feet (2,037 m) above sea level.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Geography
2 History
3 Environment
3.1 Climate
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Geography[edit]
Surveyor's mark embedded in the observation tower notes the elevation of 6684 feet above sea level
The peak is the highest mountain in the United States east of the Mississippi River, and the highest in all of eastern North America south of the Arctic Cordillera. The nearest higher peaks are in the Black Hills of South Dakota and the highland foothills of Colorado.
History[edit]
The mountain, previously known as Black Dome for its rounded shape, was named after Elisha Mitchell, a professor at the University of North Carolina, who first explored the Black Mountain region in 1835, and determined that the height of the range exceeded by several hundred feet that of Mount Washington in New Hampshire, commonly thought at the time to be the highest point east of the Rocky Mountains. Mitchell fell to his death at nearby Mitchell Falls in 1857, having returned to verify his earlier measurements.
A 4.6-mile (7.4 km) road (NC 128) connects the scenic Blue Ridge Parkway to a parking lot where a steep paved 980-foot (300 m) trail leads through a conifer forest to the summit. The 40-foot (12 m) stone observation tower on the summit was torn down in late 2006. A new observation deck was constructed and opened to visitors in January 2009.[3] Also on the summit is the tomb of Dr. Mitchell.
Mount Mitchell was formed during the Precambrian when marine deposits were metamorphosed into gneiss and schist. These metasedimentary rocks were later uplifted during the Alleghenian orogeny.[4] The soils are well drained, dark brown and stony with fine-earth material ranging in texture from sandy clay loam to loam or sandy loam; Burton and Craggey are the most common series around the summit.[5]
Environment[edit]
Mount Mitchell
Climate chart (explanation)
J F M A M J J A S O N D
6.5
33
17
5.9
35
18
7.1
41
24
5.7
49
31
5.3
57
41
5.7
63
49
5.8
66
52
7.2
65
52
7.5
60
46
5.1
53
37
6.7
45
28
6.2
36
21
Average max. and min. temperatures in °F
Precipitation totals in inches
Source: NOAA[6]
[show]Metric conversion
J F M A M J J A S O N D
166
1
−8
149
2
−8
179
5
−5
145
9
0
135
14
5
146
17
9
148
19
11
182
18
11
190
16
8
129
12
3
170
7
−2
158
2
−6
Average max. and min. temperatures in °C
Precipitation totals in mm
The mountain's summit is coated in a dense stand of Southern Appalachian spruce-fir forest, which consists primarily of two evergreen species— the red spruce and the Fraser fir. Most of the mature Fraser firs, however, were killed off by the non-native Balsam woolly adelgid in the latter half of the 20th century. The high elevations also expose plant life to high levels of pollution, including acid precipitation in the form of rain, snow, and fog. These acids damage the red spruce trees in part by releasing natural metals from the soil like aluminum, and by leaching important minerals. To what extent this pollution harms the high-altitude ecosystem is debatable.[7]
While the mountain is still mostly lush and green in the summer, many dead Fraser fir trunks can be seen due to these serious problems. Repairing the damage is a difficult issue, as the pollutants are often carried in from long distances. Sources can be local or hundreds of miles or kilometers away, requiring cooperation from as far away as the Midwest.
Wildflowers are abundant all summer long. Young fir and spruce trees do well in the subalpine climate, and their pine cones feed the birds along with wild blueberry and blackberry shrubs.
The second highest point in eastern North America, Mount Craig at 6,647 feet (2,026 m), is roughly a mile to the north of Mount Mitchell.
Climate[edit]
Mount Mitchell Fall Foliage.
The summit area of Mount Mitchell is marked by a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) bordering extremely close to a subalpine climate (köppen climate classification Dfc), with mild summers and long, moderately cold winters, being more similar to southeastern Canada than the southeastern U.S.. The monthly daily average temperature ranges from 25.2 °F (−3.8 °C) in January to 59.1 °F (15.1 °C) in July. The coldest temperature ever recorded in the state occurred there on January 21, 1985 when it fell to −34 °F (−37 °C), during a severe cold spell that brought freezing temperatures as far south as Miami. It is also the coldest average reporting station in the state at 43.8 °F (6.6 °C) (based on data collected from 1971 to 2000) which is well below any other station.[8] Unlike the lower elevations in the surrounding regions, heavy snows often fall from December to March, with 50 inches (127 cm) accumulating in the Great Blizzard of 1993 and 66 inches (168 cm) in the January 2016 blizzard.[9][8] Snow flurries have been reported on the summit even in the summer months of June, July, and August. Due to the high elevation, precipitation is heavy and reliable year-round, averaging 74.7 inches (1,900 mm) for the year, with no month receiving less than 5 in (127 mm) of average precipitation. The summit is often windy, with gusts that can blow up to 178 mph (286 km/h).[10]
[hide]Climate data for Mount Mitchell (1981–2010 normals, records 1980-present)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °F (°C)
61
(16) 62
(17) 71
(22) 73
(23) 78
(26) 79
(26) 80
(27) 81
(27) 77
(25) 72
(22) 67
(19) 64
(18) 81
(27)
Average high °F (°C)
33.4
(0.8) 35.3
(1.8) 40.7
(4.8) 49.0
(9.4) 57.0
(13.9) 63.1
(17.3) 65.9
(18.8) 65.1
(18.4) 60.4
(15.8) 53.1
(11.7) 45.0
(7.2) 36.4
(2.4) 50.4
(10.2)
Average low °F (°C)
17.0
(−8.3) 18.2
(−7.7) 23.7
(−4.6) 31.3
(−0.4) 41.2
(5.1) 49.0
(9.4) 52.3
(11.3) 51.7
(10.9) 46.0
(7.8) 36.7
(2.6) 28.3
(−2.1) 20.6
(−6.3) 34.7
(1.5)
Record low °F (°C)
−34
(−37) −31
(−35) −29
(−34) −10
(−23) 14
(−10) 22
(−6) 30
(−1) 29
(−2) 23
(−5) 8
(−13) −22
(−30) −33
(−36) −34
(−37)
Average precipitation inches (mm)
6.54
(166.1) 5.86
(148.8) 7.05
(179.1) 5.70
(144.8) 5.32
(135.1) 5.74
(145.8) 5.81
(147.6) 7.16
(181.9) 7.49
(190.2) 5.09
(129.3) 6.68
(169.7) 6.23
(158.2) 74.66
(1,896.4)
Average snowfall inches (cm)
21.5
(54.6) 22.3
(56.6) 15.5
(39.4) 10.4
(26.4) 1.2
(3) 0
(0) 0
(0) 0
(0) 0
(0) 1.0
(2.5) 3.7
(9.4) 15.1
(38.4) 91
(231)
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in)
13.4 11.9 13.5 12.1 13.9 14.9 16.0 15.4 11.4 10.1 10.7 12.8 156.0
Average snowy days (≥ 0.1 in)
6.6 6.2 4.1 3.1 0.3 0 0 0 0 0.4 2.0 4.9 27.5
Source: NOAA[6]
Gallery[edit]
Sign atop Mt. Mitchell
Mount Mitchell; View From the Top.
Mount Gibbes, Clingman's Peak, and Potato Knob from the southwest on the Blue Ridge Parkway
Black Mountains from the Blue Ridge Parkway
Forest floor high on Mount Mitchell
Example of the spruce-fir forest near the top of Mount Mitchell
360-degree panorama from the summit of Mount Mitchell
See also[edit]
North America portal
United States portal
North Carolina portal
Mountains portal
List of mountain peaks of North America
List of mountain peaks of the United States
List of mountains in North Carolina
List of U.S. states by elevation
List of Ultras of the United States
Mountains-to-Sea Trail
The Assault on Mount Mitchell, bicycling endurance
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Mount Mitchell, North Carolina". Peakbagger.com. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Jump up ^ "Mount Mitchell". Geographic Names Information System. United States Geological Survey. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Jump up ^ "Mount Mitchell State Park". North Carolina State Parks. Retrieved 2008-12-28.
Jump up ^ Timothy Silver (2003). Mount Mitchell and the Black Mountains: An Environmental History of the Highest Peaks in Eastern America. Univ of North Carolina Press. ISBN 978-0-8078-5423-5.
Jump up ^ SoilWeb, University of California-Davis California Soil Resource Lab, Natural Resources Conservation Service. Accessed: 11 January 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "NOWData - NOAA Online Weather Data". National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ Steve Nash, Blue Ridge 2020: An Owner's Manual (Chapel Hill, N.C.: University of North Carolina Press, 1999), pp. 25-28, 61-63.
^ Jump up to: a b "Extreme Weather Records". State Climate Office of North Carolina. Retrieved 2007-03-27.
Jump up ^ Dale Neal, "Mount Mitchell Digs Out From Record 66 Inches of Snow," USA Today, 25 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "Mount Mitchell Webcam Activated" (PDF). The Steward. North Carolina Division of Parks and Recreation. August 2003. p. 3. Retrieved 2010-01-06.
External links[edit]
Find more aboutMount Mitchellat Wikipedia's sister projects
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Quotations from Wikiquote
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Mount Mitchell State Park
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The 126 most prominent summits of the United States of America
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text:
Chiaroscuro
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Chiaroscuro (disambiguation).
Not to be confused with Churrascaria.
"Clair-obscur" redirects here. For the 2016 film, see Clair Obscur.
An Old Man in Red, by Rembrandt
Chiaroscuro (English: /kiˌɑːrəˈskjʊəroʊ/; Italian: [ˌkjaroˈskuːro] (light-dark)) is an artistic technique, developed during the Renaissance, that uses strong tonal contrasts between light and dark to model three-dimensional forms, often to dramatic effect.[1] It is one of the four canonical painting modes of Renaissance art (alongside cangiante, sfumato, and unione).
The underlying principle is that solidity of form is best achieved by the light falling against it. Artists known for developing the technique include Leonardo da Vinci, Caravaggio, and Rembrandt. It is a mainstay of black and white and low-key photography.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
1.1 Origin in the chiaroscuro drawing
1.2 Chiaroscuro modelling
1.3 Chiaroscuro woodcuts
1.4 Compositional chiaroscuro to Caravaggio
1.5 17th and 18th centuries
2 Use of the term
3 Cinema and photography
4 Gallery
5 See also
6 Notes
7 References
8 External links
History[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Origin in the chiaroscuro drawing[edit]
Chiaroscuro originated during the Renaissance as drawing on coloured paper, where the artist worked from the paper's base tone toward light using white gouache, and toward dark using ink, bodycolour or watercolour.[2][3] These in turn drew on traditions in illuminated manuscripts going back to late Roman Imperial manuscripts on purple-dyed vellum. Such works used to be called "chiaroscuro drawings", but are more often described in modern museum terminology by such formulae as "pen on prepared paper, heightened with white bodycolour".[4] Chiaroscuro woodcuts began as imitations of this technique.[5] When discussing Italian art, the term sometimes is used to mean painted images in monochrome or two colours, more generally known in English by the French equivalent, grisaille. The term broadened in meaning early on to cover all strong contrasts in illumination between light and dark areas in art, which is now the primary meaning.
Chiaroscuro modelling[edit]
The more technical use of the term chiaroscuro is the effect of light modelling in painting, drawing, or printmaking, where three-dimensional volume is suggested by the value gradation of colour and the analytical division of light and shadow shapes—often called "shading". The invention of these effects in the West, "skiagraphia" or "shadow-painting" to the Ancient Greeks, traditionally was ascribed to the famous Athenian painter of the fifth century BC, Apollodoros. Although few Ancient Greek paintings survive, their understanding of the effect of light modelling still may be seen in the late-fourth-century BC mosaics of Pella, Macedonia, in particular the Stag Hunt Mosaic, in the House of the Abduction of Helen, inscribed gnosis epoesen, or 'knowledge did it'.
The technique also survived in rather crude standardized form in Byzantine art and was refined again in the Middle Ages to become standard by the early fifteenth-century in painting and manuscript illumination in Italy and Flanders, and then spread to all Western art.
The Raphael painting illustrated, with light coming from the left, demonstrates both delicate modelling chiaroscuro to give volume to the body of the model, and strong chiaroscuro in the more common sense, in the contrast between the well-lit model and the very dark background of foliage. To further complicate matters, however, the compositional chiaroscuro of the contrast between model and background probably would not be described using this term, as the two elements are almost completely separated. The term is mostly used to describe compositions where at least some principal elements of the main composition show the transition between light and dark, as in the Baglioni and Geertgen tot Sint Jans paintings illustrated above and below.
Chiaroscuro modelling now is taken for granted, but had some opponents; the English portrait miniaturist Nicholas Hilliard cautioned in his treatise on painting against all but the minimal use we see in his works, reflecting the views of his patron Queen Elizabeth I of England: "seeing that best to show oneself needeth no shadow of place but rather the open light... Her Majesty... chose her place to sit for that purpose in the open alley of a goodly garden, where no tree was near, nor any shadow at all..."[6]
In drawings and prints, modelling chiaroscuro often is achieved by the use of hatching, or shading by parallel lines. Washes, stipple or dotting effects, and "surface tone" in printmaking are other techniques.
Chiaroscuro woodcuts[edit]
Chiaroscuro woodcut of the Virgin and Child by Bartolommeo Coriolano, created between 1630 and 1655 (digitally restored)
Chiaroscuro woodcuts are old master prints in woodcut using two or more blocks printed in different colours; they do not necessarily feature strong contrasts of light and dark. They were first produced to achieve similar effects to chiaroscuro drawings. After some early experiments in book-printing, the true chiaroscuro woodcut conceived for two blocks was probably first invented by Lucas Cranach the Elder in Germany in 1508 or 1509, though he backdated some of his first prints and added tone blocks to some prints first produced for monochrome printing, swiftly followed by Hans Burgkmair the Elder.[7] Despite Vasari's claim for Italian precedence in Ugo da Carpi, it is clear that his, the first Italian examples, date to around 1516[8][9] But other sources suggest, the first chiaroscuro woodcut to be the Triumph of Julius Caesar, which was created by Andrea Mantegna, an Italian painter, between 1470 and 1500.[10] Another view states that: "Lucas Cranach backdated two of his works in an attempt to grab the glory" and that the technique was invented "in all probability" by Burgkmair "who was commissioned by the emperor Maximilian to find a cheap and effective way of getting the imperial image widely disseminated as he needed to drum up money and support for a crusade".[11]
Other printmakers to use the technique include Hans Wechtlin, Hans Baldung Grien, and Parmigianino. In Germany the technique achieved its greatest popularity around 1520, but it was used in Italy throughout the sixteenth century. Later artists such as Goltzius sometimes made use of it. In most German two-block prints, the keyblock (or "line block") was printed in black and the tone block or blocks had flat areas of colour. In Italy, chiaroscuro woodcuts were produced without keyblocks to achieve a very different effect.[12]
Compositional chiaroscuro to Caravaggio[edit]
Nativity at Night by Geertgen tot Sint Jans, c. 1490, after a composition by Hugo van der Goes of c. 1470; sources of light are the infant Jesus, the shepherds' fire on the hill behind, and the angel who appears to them.
Manuscript illumination was, as in many areas, especially experimental in attempting ambitious lighting effects since the results were not for public display. The development of compositional chiaroscuro received a considerable impetus in northern Europe from the vision of the Nativity of Jesus of Saint Bridget of Sweden, a very popular mystic. She described the infant Jesus as emitting light; depictions increasingly reduced other light sources in the scene to emphasize this effect, and the Nativity remained very commonly treated with chiaroscuro through to the Baroque. Hugo van der Goes and his followers painted many scenes lit only by candle or the divine light from the infant Christ. As with some later painters, in their hands the effect was of stillness and calm rather than the drama with which it would be used during the Baroque.
Strong chiaroscuro became a popular effect during the sixteenth century in Mannerism and Baroque art. Divine light continued to illuminate, often rather inadequately, the compositions of Tintoretto, Veronese, and their many followers. The use of dark subjects dramatically lit by a shaft of light from a single constricted and often unseen source, was a compositional device developed by Ugo da Carpi (c. 1455–c.1523), Giovanni Baglione (1566–1643), and Caravaggio (1571–1610), the last of whom was crucial in developing the style of tenebrism, where dramatic chiaroscuro becomes a dominant stylistic device.
17th and 18th centuries[edit]
Peter Paul Rubens's The Elevation of the Cross (1610–1611) is modelled with dynamic chiaroscuro.
Tenebrism was especially practiced in Spain and the Spanish-ruled Kingdom of Naples, by Jusepe de Ribera and his followers. Adam Elsheimer (1578–1610), a German artist living in Rome, produced several night scenes lit mainly by fire, and sometimes moonlight. Unlike Caravaggio's, his dark areas contain very subtle detail and interest. The influences of Caravaggio and Elsheimer were strong on Peter Paul Rubens, who exploited their respective approaches to tenebrosity for dramatic effect in paintings such as The Raising of the Cross (1610–1611). Artemisia Gentileschi (1593-1656), a Baroque artist who was a follower of Caravaggio, was also an outstanding exponent of tenebrism and chiaroscuro.
A particular genre that developed was the nocturnal scene lit by candlelight, which looked back to earlier northern artists such as Geertgen tot Sint Jans and more immediately, to the innovations of Caravaggio and Elsheimer. This theme played out with many artists from the Low Countries in the first few decades of the seventeenth century, where it became associated with the Utrecht Caravaggisti such as Gerrit van Honthorst and Dirck van Baburen, and with Flemish Baroque painters such as Jacob Jordaens. Rembrandt van Rijn's (1606-1669) early works from the 1620s also adopted the single-candle light source. The nocturnal candle-lit scene re-emerged in the Dutch Republic in the mid-seventeenth century on a smaller scale in the works of fijnschilders such as Gerrit Dou and Gottfried Schalken.
The Matchmaker by Gerrit van Honthorst
Rembrandt's own interest in effects of darkness shifted in his mature works. He relied less on the sharp contrasts of light and dark that marked the Italian influences of the earlier generation, a factor found in his mid-seventeenth-century etchings. In that medium he shared many similarities with his contemporary in Italy, Giovanni Benedetto Castiglione, whose work in printmaking led him to invent the monotype.
Outside the Low Countries, artists such as Georges de La Tour and Trophime Bigot in France and Joseph Wright of Derby in England, carried on with such strong, but graduated, candlelight chiaroscuro. Watteau used a gentle chiaroscuro in the leafy backgrounds of his fêtes galantes, and this was continued in paintings by many French artists, notably Fragonard. At the end of the century Fuseli and others used a heavier chiaroscuro for romantic effect, as did Delacroix and others in the nineteenth century.
Use of the term[edit]
Joseph Wright of Derby painted several large groups with strong chiaroscuro, such as The Orrery.
The French use of the term, clair-obscur, was introduced by the seventeenth-century art-critic Roger de Piles in the course of a famous argument (Débat sur le coloris), on the relative merits of drawing and colour in painting (his Dialogues sur le coloris, 1673,[13] was a key contribution to the Débat).
In English, the Italian term has been used since at least the late seventeenth century. The term is less frequently used of art after the late nineteenth century, although the Expressionist and other modern movements make great use of the effect.
Especially since the strong twentieth-century rise in the reputation of Caravaggio, in non-specialist use the term is mainly used for strong chiaroscuro effects such as his, or Rembrandt's. As the Tate puts it: "Chiaroscuro is generally only remarked upon when it is a particularly prominent feature of the work, usually when the artist is using extreme contrasts of light and shade".[14] Photography and cinema also have adopted the term. For the history of the term, see René Verbraeken, Clair-obscur, histoire d’un mot (Nogent-le-Roi, 1979).[15]
Cinema and photography[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (October 2007) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Chiaroscuro also is used in cinematography to indicate extreme low key and high-contrast lighting to create distinct areas of light and darkness in films, especially in black and white films. Classic examples are The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari (1920), Nosferatu (1922), Metropolis (1927) The Hunchback of Notre Dame (1939), The Devil and Daniel Webster (1941), and the black and white scenes in Andrei Tarkovsky's Stalker (1979).
For example, in Metropolis, chiaroscuro lighting is used to create contrast between light and dark mise-en-scene and figures. The effect of this is primarily to highlight the differences between the capitalist elite and the workers.
In photography, chiaroscuro can be achieved with the use of "Rembrandt lighting". In more highly developed photographic processes, this technique also may be termed "ambient/natural lighting", although when done so for the effect, the look is artificial and not generally documentary in nature. In particular, Bill Henson along with others, such as W. Eugene Smith, Josef Koudelka, Garry Winogrand, Lothar Wolleh, Annie Leibovitz, Floria Sigismondi, and Ralph Gibson may be considered some of the modern masters of chiaroscuro in documentary photography.
Still from Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon, some of which was shot using only candlelight
Perhaps the most direct intended use of chiaroscuro in filmmaking would be Stanley Kubrick's Barry Lyndon.[16] When informed that no lens currently had a wide enough aperture to shoot a costume drama set in grand palaces using only candlelight, Kubrick bought and retrofitted a special lens for these purposes: a modified Mitchell BNC camera and a Zeiss lens manufactured for the rigors of space photography, with a maximum aperture of f/.7. The naturally unaugmented lighting situations in the film exemplified low-key, natural lighting in filmwork at its most extreme outside of the Eastern European/Soviet filmmaking tradition (itself exemplified by the harsh low-key lighting style employed by Soviet filmmaker Sergei Eisenstein).
Sven Nykvist, the longtime collaborator of Ingmar Bergman, also informed much of his photography with chiaroscuro realism, as did Gregg Toland, who influenced such cinematographers as László Kovács, Vilmos Zsigmond, and Vittorio Storaro with his use of deep and selective focus augmented with strong horizon-level key lighting penetrating through windows and doorways. Much of the celebrated film noir tradition relies on techniques Toland perfected in the early thirties that are related to chiaroscuro (though high-key lighting, stage lighting, frontal lighting, and other effects are interspersed in ways that diminish the chiaroscuro claim).
Gallery[edit]
Chiaroscuro in modelling; paintings
Fra Angelico c. 1450 uses chiaroscuro modelling in all elements of the painting
Saint Sebastian by Botticelli, 1474
Velázquez uses subtle highlights and shading on the face and clothes
The Milkmaid, Vermeer's use of light to model throughout his compositions is exceptionally complex and delicate
Chiaroscuro in modelling; prints and drawings
Delicate engraved lines of hatching and cross-hatching, not all distinguishable in reproduction, are used to model the faces and clothes in this late-fifteenth-century engraving
Another fifteenth-century engraving showing highlights and shading, all in lines in the original, used to depict volume
Drawing by Leonardo da Vinci
Another study by Leonardo, where the linear make-up of the shading is easily seen in reproduction
Chiaroscuro as a major element in composition: painting
Allegory, Boy Lighting Candle in Company of Ape and Fool by El Greco
Annunciation by Domenico Beccafumi
Crucifixion of St. Peter by Caravaggio
The Flight to Egypt by Adam Elsheimer
Landscape chiaroscuro, Jan Both
Nativity by Gerard van Honthorst
Mary Magdalene, by Georges de La Tour
St. Peter in prison by Rembrandt
The Proposition by Judith Leyster
Antoine Watteau - La Partie carrée
An Experiment on a Bird in an Air Pump by Joseph Wright of Derby, 1768
Fragonard, The Lock, 1780
Goya, Christ on the Mount of Olives
Chiaroscuro as a major element in composition: photography
Portrait
Female nude study
female nude study monochrome
Male nude light and shadow
Chiaroscuro faces
Saint Jerome by José de Ribera
Self-Portrait by John Everett Millais
The Knitting Girl by William-Adolphe Bouguereau
Chiaroscuro drawings and woodcuts
Man of Sorrows, chiaroscuro drawing on coloured paper, 1516, by Hans Springinklee
A nineteenth-century version of the original type of chiaroscuro drawing, with coloured paper, white gouache highlights, and pencil shading
Saturn, anon. Italian, sixteenth-century?, Italian style chiaroscuro woodcut, with four blocks, but no real line block, and looking rather like a watercolour
Ludolph Buesinck, Aeneas carries his father, German style, with line block and brown tone block
Yoshiwara Night Scene (吉原格子先之図) by Katsushika Ōi, Japan, 19th century
See also[edit]
Cangiante
Sfumato
Tenebrism
Unione
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Glossary of the National Gallery, London [1] (accessed 23 October 2011)
Jump up ^ Harvard Art Museum glossary (accessed 30 August 2007). See also Metropolitan external link
Jump up ^ Example from the Metropolitan Archived December 20, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Holbein in England - Tate". tate.org.uk.
Jump up ^ David Landau & Peter Parshall, The Renaissance Print, pp.180-84; Yale, 1996, ISBN 0-300-06883-2 - discusses these at length. Also see Metropolitan external link.
Jump up ^ Quotation from Hilliard's Art of Limming, c. 1600, in Nicholas Hilliard, Roy Strong, 2002, p.24, Michael Joseph Ltd, London, ISBN 0-7181-1301-2
Jump up ^ Landau and Parshall, 179-192; Renaissance Impressions: Chiaroscuro Woodcuts from the Collections of Georg Baselitz and the Albertina, Vienna, Royal Academy, London, March–June 2014, exhibition guide.
Jump up ^ Landau and Parshall, 150
Jump up ^ "Ugo da Carpi after Parmigianino: Diogenes (17.50.1) | Heilbrunn Timeline of Art History | The Metropolitan Museum of Art". Metmuseum.org. 2012-02-03. Retrieved 2012-02-18.
Jump up ^ Emison, Patricia A. (2012). The Italian Renaissance and Cultural Memory. New York: Cambridge University Press. pp. 105–107. ISBN 978-1-107-00526-6.
Jump up ^ Brown, Mark (11 March 2014). "Revolutionary chiaroscuro woodcuts win first British exhibition". The Guardian. Retrieved 11 March 2014.
Jump up ^ David Landau & Peter Parshall, The Renaissance Print, pp. 179-202; 273-81 & passim; Yale, 1996, ISBN 0-300-06883-2
Jump up ^ Le rubénisme en Europe aux XVIIe et XVIIIe siècles, Volume 16 of Museums at the Crossroads, Michèle-Caroline Heck, University of Michigan, Brepols, 2005
Jump up ^ Tate Glossary. Retrieved 30 August 2007.
Jump up ^ Verbraeken, René (1979). Clair-obscur, histoire d’un mot. Nogent-le-Roi: J. Laget. ISBN 2-85497-021-7.
Jump up ^ "Victorian Studies Bulletin". Northeast Victorian Studies Association, v. 9-11, 1985. 1984
References[edit]
David Landau & Peter Parshall, The Renaissance Print, pp. 179–202; 273-81 & passim; Yale, 1996, ISBN 0-300-06883-2
External links[edit]
Look up chiaroscuro in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Chiaroscuro.
Chiaroscuro Woodcut from the Metropolitan Museum of Art Timeline of Art History
Chiaroscuro woodcut from Spencer Museum of Art, Kansas
(Modelling) chiaroscuro from Evansville University
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