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Extradition law in the United States
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Extradition law in the United States is the formal process by which a fugitive found in the United States is surrendered to another country or state for trial or punishment. For foreign countries, the process is regulated by treaty and conducted between the federal government of the United States and the government of a foreign country. The process is considerably different from interstate or intrastate extradition. Florida, Alaska, and Hawaii do not extradite for a misdemeanor conviction that was convicted in the US, as of 2010. Some felonies are an exception in American law such as a crime that is violent in nature, or a sexual offense, or felony driving while intoxicated; they will entail extradition from all states in the United States. Theft charges and small drug crimes are the exception; for instance, if a minor crime is committed in Florida, a person apprehended in Idaho will not be extradited back to the original crime's jurisdiction. Federal charges are governed by US federal law and most states, with the exceptions of South Carolina and Missouri, have adopted the Uniform Criminal Extradition Act. In practice, Florida, Alaska, and Hawaii typically do not extradite if the crime in question is not a felony because of the associated costs of transporting the suspect and the housing fees that must be paid to the jurisdiction in which he is held until transported.
Contents
[hide]
1 Interstate extradition
2 International extradition
2.1 Extradition from the United States
2.1.1 Habeas Corpus in International Extradition
2.2 Extradition to the United States
3 References
4 External links
Interstate extradition[edit]
The Extradition Clause in the US Constitution requires states, upon demand of another state, to deliver a fugitive from justice who has committed a "treason, felony or other crime" to the state from which the fugitive has fled. 18 U.S.C. § 3182 sets the process by which an executive of a state, district, or territory of the United States must arrest and turn over a fugitive from another state, district, or territory.
For a person to be extradited interstate, 18 U.S.C. § 3182 requires:
An executive authority demand of the jurisdiction to which a person that is a fugitive from justice has fled.
The requesting executive must also produce a copy of an indictment found or an affidavit made before a magistrate of any state or territory. The document must charge the fugitive demanded with having committed treason, felony, or other crime, and it must be certified as authentic by the governor or chief magistrate of the state or territory from where the person so charged has fled.
The executive receiving the request must then cause the fugitive to be arrested and secure and to notify the requesting executive authority or agent to receive the fugitive.
An agent of the executive of the state demanding extradition must appear to receive the prisoner, which must occur within 30 days from time of arrest, or the prisoner may be released. Some states allow longer waiting periods, of up to 90 days.
Cases of kidnapping by a parent to another state see automatic involvement by the US Marshals Service.
In Kentucky v. Dennison,[1] decided in 1860, the Supreme Court held that, although the governor of the asylum state had a constitutional duty to return a fugitive to the demanding state, the federal courts had no authority to enforce this duty. As a result, for more than 100 years, the governor of one state was deemed to have discretion on whether or not he/she would comply with another state's request for extradition.
In a 1987 case, Puerto Rico v. Branstad,[2] the Court overruled Dennison, and held that the governor of the asylum state has no discretion in performing his or her duty to extradite, whether that duty arises under the Extradition Clause of the Constitution or under the Extradition Act (18 U.S.C. § 3182), and that a federal court may enforce the governor's duty to return the fugitive to the demanding state.[3] There are only four grounds upon which the Governor of the asylum state may deny another state’s request for extradition: (1) the extradition documents facially are not in order; (2) the person has not been charged with a crime in the demanding state; (3) the person is not the person named in the extradition documents; or (4) the person is not a fugitive.[4] There appears to be at least one additional exception: if the fugitive is under sentence in the asylum state, he need not be extradited until his punishment in the asylum state is completed.[5]
International extradition[edit]
Further information: List of United States extradition treaties
United States of America (shown in purple) has extradition treaties with the countries shown in light blue
The United States has extradition treaties with more than 100 countries. Of the treaties most are dual criminality treaties with the remaining being list treaties. A list of countries with which the United States has an extradition treaty relationship can be found in the Federal Criminal Code and Rules, following 18 U.S.C. § 3181, but this list may not be completely accurate.[6] (This list is reproduced as the list of United States extradition treaties.)
The United States maintains diplomatic relations but, according to the above-mentioned list, does not have extradition treaties with the following countries:
Afghanistan
Algeria
Andorra
Angola
Bahrain
Bangladesh
Belarus
Botswana
Brunei
Burkina Faso
Burma
Burundi
Cambodia
Cameroon
Cape Verde
Central African Republic
Chad
China (except Hong Kong)
Comoros
Congo (Kinshasa)
Djibouti
Equatorial Guinea
Eritrea
Ethiopia
Gabon
Guinea
Guinea-Bissau
Indonesia
Ivory Coast
Kazakhstan
Kuwait
Laos
Lebanon
Libya
Madagascar
Maldives
Mali
Marshall Islands
Mauritania
Micronesia
Moldova
Mongolia
Morocco
Mozambique
Namibia
Nepal
Niger
North Korea
Oman
Qatar
Russia
Rwanda
Samoa
São Tomé & Príncipe
Saudi Arabia
Senegal
Somalia
Sudan
South Sudan
Togo
Tunisia
Uganda
Ukraine
United Arab Emirates
Uzbekistan
Vanuatu
Vatican City
Vietnam
Yemen
And the countries formerly part of Yugoslavia:
Bosnia and Herzegovina
Croatia
Kosovo
Macedonia
Montenegro
Serbia
As well as these countries that have no diplomatic relations with the United States:
Bhutan
Iran (relations severed in 1980)
North Korea
Syria (relations suspended in 2012)
Even the partially recognized countries that have no diplomatic relations with but not recognized by the United States:
Abkhazia
Artsakh
Northern Cyprus
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic
Somaliland
South Ossetia
Taiwan
Transnistria
Extradition from the United States[edit]
Generally under United States law (18 U.S.C. § 3184), extradition may be granted only pursuant to a treaty.[6] Some countries grant extradition without a treaty, but every such country requires an offer of reciprocity when extradition is accorded in the absence of a treaty.[6] Further, the 1996 amendments to 18 U.S.C. 3181 and 3184 permit the United States to extradite, without regard to the existence of a treaty, persons (other than citizens, nationals or permanent residents of the United States) who have committed crimes of violence against nationals of the United States in foreign countries.[6]
All extradition treaties in force require foreign requests for extradition to be submitted through diplomatic channels, usually from the country's embassy in Washington to the Department of State.[7] Many treaties also require that requests for provisional arrest be submitted through diplomatic channels, although some permit provisional arrest requests to be sent directly to the Department of Justice.[7] The Department of State reviews foreign extradition demands to identify any potential foreign policy problems and to ensure that there is a treaty in force between the United States and the country making the request, that the crime or crimes are extraditable offenses, and that the supporting documents are properly certified in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 3190.[7] If the request is in proper order, an attorney in the State Department's Office of the Legal Adviser prepares a certificate attesting to the existence of the treaty, that the crime or crimes are extraditable offenses, and that the supporting documents are properly certified in accordance with 18 U.S.C. § 3190, and forwards it with the original request to the Justice Department's Office of International Affairs ("OIA").[7]
Once the OIA receives a foreign extradition request, it reviews the request for sufficiency and forwards sufficient requests to the United States Attorney's Office for the judicial district in which the fugitive is located.[8] The U.S. Attorney's office then obtains a warrant, and the fugitive is arrested and brought before the magistrate judge or the US district judge.[8] The government opposes bond in extradition cases.[8] Unless the fugitive waives his or her right to a hearing, the court will hold a hearing pursuant to 18 U.S.C. § 3184 to determine whether the fugitive is extraditable.[8] If the court finds the fugitive to be extraditable, it enters an order of extraditability and certifies the record to the Secretary of State, who decides whether to surrender the fugitive to the requesting government.[8] OIA notifies the foreign government and arranges for the transfer of the fugitive to the agents appointed by the requesting country to receive him or her. Although the order following the extradition hearing is not appealable (by either the fugitive or the government), the fugitive may petition for a writ of habeas corpus as soon as the order is issued.[8] The district court's decision on the writ is subject to appeal, and the extradition may be stayed if the court so orders.[8]
Habeas Corpus in International Extradition[edit]
Habeas corpus is a legal procedure initiated by an individual to test the legality of his detention by the government.[9] To benefit from habeas corpus, the affected person, or someone on his behalf, must file a petition for relief before a court with jurisdiction. The procedure is contained in 28 U.S.C. § 2241 et. seq. When the habeas petition contests the decision of an extradition magistrate, the individual must argue that his detention and surrender to a foreign country violates the United States Constitution, the applicable extradition treaty, or a federal statute.[10]
Because orders of extradition cannot be appealed,[11] the only means for an individual to have them reviewed is to file a request for a writ of habeas corpus. The government, on the other hand, may renew its request if the original one is denied.[12] Habeas corpus review by a district court is generally available whenever an individual “is in custody in violation of the Constitution or laws or treaties of the United States,”[13] and is provided for several different types of detention in addition to extradition, such as detention after a criminal conviction, and for military purposes. As part of its habeas review, the court will normally accept the factual findings of the extradition magistrate,[14] while legal issues are considered anew.[15]
The scope of review of a writ of habeas corpus in extradition is meant to be limited.[16] It is settled to cover at least inquiries on whether: (1) the extradition magistrate acquired jurisdiction over the individual and the matter; (2) the crime for which extradition is sought is included within the treaty as an extraditable offense, and (3) whether there is probable cause to commit the relator to trial.[17] Many courts, however, have adopted an “expanded” scope of habeas review that additionally considers issues about the violation of constitutional rights.[18]
Petitioners in extradition cases may contest the legality of their detention though a habeas proceeding by arguing, for example, that the extradition treaty is not in force,[19] that the alleged crime constitutes political behavior subject to exception,[20] that the determination of extraditability by the magistrate has not been made according to the requirements of the applicable United States statutes and treaty,[21] that the extradition procedure does not comply with the Constitution,[22] and that the relator has not been formally charged.[23]
Even though the decision of the extradition magistrate cannot be appealed, the habeas corpus determination by the district court is subject to appeal to the corresponding circuit court. Thereafter, review may be sought through certiorari to the Supreme Court.
Extradition to the United States[edit]
The federal structure of the United States can pose particular problems with respect to extraditions when the police power and the power of foreign relations are held at different levels of the federal hierarchy. For instance, in the United States, most criminal prosecutions occur at the state level, and most foreign relations occur at the federal level. In fact, under the United States Constitution, foreign countries may not have official treaty relations with sub-national units such as individual states; rather, they may have treaty relations only with the federal government. As a result, a state that wishes to prosecute an individual located in a foreign country must direct its extradition request through the federal government, which will negotiate the extradition with the foreign country. However, due to the constraints of federalism, any conditions on the extradition accepted by the federal government—such as not to impose the death penalty—are not binding on individual states.[24]
In the case of Soering v. United Kingdom, the European Court of Human Rights ruled that the United Kingdom was not permitted under its treaty obligations to extradite an individual to the United States, because the United States' federal government was constitutionally unable to offer binding assurances that the death penalty would not be sought in Virginia courts. Ultimately, the Commonwealth of Virginia itself had to offer assurances to the federal government, which passed those assurances on to the United Kingdom, which extradited the individual to the United States.
Additional problems can arise due to differing criteria for crimes. For instance, in the United States, crossing state lines is a prerequisite for certain federal crimes (otherwise crimes such as murder are handled by state governments except in certain circumstances such as the killing of a federal official).[citation needed] This transportation clause is absent from the laws of many countries. Extradition treaties or subsequent diplomatic correspondence often include language providing that such criteria should not be taken into account when checking if the crime is one in the country from which extradition should apply.
To clarify the above point, if a person in the United States crosses the borders of the United States to go to another country, then that person has crossed a federal border, and federal law would apply in addition to state law. Crossing state lines (within the U.S.) in committing a crime could also create federal jurisdiction. In addition, travel by airplane in the United States subjects one to federal law, as all airports are subject to federal jurisdiction.[citation needed]
It is unlawful for U.S. citizens to enter or exit the United States without a valid U.S. passport or Western Hemisphere Travel Initiative–compliant passport-replacement document, or without an exception or waiver.[25][26][27] An application is required for the issuance of a passport.[28] If a fugitive being extradited to the United States refuses to sign a passport application, the consular officer can sign it "without recourse".[29]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ 65 U.S. (24 How.) 66 (1860)
Jump up ^ 483 U.S. 219 (1987)
Jump up ^ See also, Alabama ex rel. its Governor & Attorney General v. Engler, 85 F.3d 1205 (6th Cir. 1996) (Governor of Michigan directed to return a fugitive to Alabama)
Jump up ^ 85 F.3d at 1208.
Jump up ^ See People ex rel. Focarile ex rel. McNeil v. Goord, 12 Misc. 3d 981, 819 N.Y.S.2d 815 (Sup. 2006).
^ Jump up to: a b c d "9-15.100 International Extradition and Related Matters: Definition and General Principles". United States Attorneys' Manual. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Criminal Resource Manual: 612 Role of the Department of State in Foreign Extradition Requests". United States Attorneys' Manual. Title 9: Criminal Division. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Department of Justice. 21 June 2010. Retrieved 1 September 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "9-15.700 International Extradition and Related Matters: Foreign Extradition Requests". United States Attorneys' Manual. U.S. Department of Justice. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
Jump up ^ 28 U.S.C. § 2241 et. seq.
Jump up ^ See M. Cherif Bassiouni, International Extradition 933-44 (2014).
Jump up ^ Collins v. Miller, 252 U.S. 364, 369 (1920)(“proceeding before a committing magistrate in international extradition is not subject to correction by appeal.”); In re Mackin, 668 F.2d 122, 127-28 (2nd Cir. 1981) (citing over a dozen cases supporting such proposition).
Jump up ^ Collins v. Loisel, 262 U.S. 426, 429 (1923) (double jeopardy not applicable to extradition orders); Brown v. Allen, 344 U.S. 443, 458 (1953) (res judicata not applicable to habeas proceedings).
Jump up ^ 28 U.S.C. § 2241(c)(3).
Jump up ^ Ornelas v. Ruiz, 161 U.S. 502, 509 (1896) (factual findings reviewed for clear error); Ordinola v. Hackman, 478 F.3d 588, 599 (4th Cir. 2007) (factual findings by extradition magistrate deserve deference by habeas court). But see Artemio Rivera, The Consideration of Factual Issues in Extradition Habeas, 83 U. Cin. L. Rev. 809 (2015) for a discussion of the proper scope of habeas corpus in international extradition, and a criticism of the standard of review for factual issues.
Jump up ^ Sacirbey v. Guccione, 589 F.3d 52, 63(2nd Cir. 2009); Noriega v. Pastrana, 564 F.3d 1290, 1294 (11th Cir. 2009).
Jump up ^ Terliden v. Ames, 184 U.S. 270, 278 (1902) (“The settled rule is that the writ of habeas corpus cannot perform the office of a writ of error…”).
Jump up ^ Ornelas v. Ruiz, 161 U.S. 502, 508-09 (1896); Fernandez v. Phillips, 268 U.S. 311, 312 (1925).
Jump up ^ See In re Burt, 737 F.2d 1477 (7th Cir. 1984); Plaster v. United States, 720 F.2d 340 (4th Cir. 1983).
Jump up ^ Noriega v. Pastrana, 564 F.3d 1290, 1295 (11th Cir. 2009)(“[t]he issue of whether the treaty of extradition has no force because another treaty or law prevents its operation” is a fundamental one reviewable through a writ of habeas corpus.)
Jump up ^ Quinn v. Robinson, 783 F.2d 776,786-87 (9th Cir. 1986); Eain v. Wilkes, 641 F.2d 504, 520 (7th Cir. 1981).
Jump up ^ See 28 U.S.C. § 2241 (c)(3) (habeas review available when the prisoner is “in custody in violation of the Constitution or laws or treaties of the United States.”); Skaftouros v. United States, 667 F.3d 144, 158 (2nd Cir. 2011) (“despite the narrow scope of habeas review in the extradition context, it is nevertheless our duty to ensure that the applicable provisions of the treaty and the governing American statutes are complied with.”).
Jump up ^ In re Burt, 737 F.2d 1477, 1484 (7th Cir. 1984).
Jump up ^ Sacirbey v. Guccione, 589 F.3d 52, 64 n. 16 (2nd Cir. 2009).
Jump up ^ Wilson, Steven Harmon, ed. (2012). The U.S. Justice System: An Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara, Cal.: ABC-CLIO. p. 527. ISBN 978-1-59884-304-0. LCCN 2011041731. OCLC 773670169. The political structure of countries, such as the federal structure of the United States, can bring about an additional difficulty in extradition proceedings, inasmuch as the governments of foreign nations have official relations only with the federal governments, not with the governments of a country's constituent states. It is not always clear whether an extradition agreement with the federal government is also binding to the states when a matter of state jurisdiction is involved.
Jump up ^ Capassakis, Evelyn (1981). "Passport Revocations or Denials on the Ground of National Security and Foreign Policy". Fordham L. Rev. 49 (6): 1178–1196.
Jump up ^ § 215 of the Immigration and Nationality Act of 1952 (currently codified at 8 U.S.C. § 1185)
Jump up ^ 22 C.F.R. 53
Jump up ^ 22 U.S.C. § 213
Jump up ^ U.S. Department of State Foreign Affairs Manual. 7 FAM 1625.5(e); 7 FAM 1636(b); 7 FAM 1351 Appendix N (a)(2).
External links[edit]
Chapter 209 of the United States Code - Extradition
9-15.000 Criminal Resource Manual - International Extradition and Related Matters from the United States Attorneys' Manual
Organization of American States - Extradition
U.S. Department of State - Independent States in the World
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text:
'Salem's Lot
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see 'Salem's Lot (disambiguation).
'Salem's Lot
First edition cover
Author
Stephen King
Cover artist
Dave Christensen
Country
U.S.
Language
English
Genre
Horror
Published
October 17, 1975
Publisher
Doubleday
Media type
Print (Hardcover)
Pages
439
ISBN
978-0-385-00751-1
OCLC
848489
Dewey Decimal
813.54
LC Class
PS3561.I483
'Salem's Lot is a 1975 horror novel by American author Stephen King. It was his second published novel. The story involves a writer named Ben Mears who returns to the town of Jerusalem's Lot (or 'Salem's Lot for short) in Maine, where he had lived from the age of five through nine, only to discover that the residents are becoming vampires. The town is revisited in the short stories "Jerusalem's Lot" and "One for the Road", both from King's story collection Night Shift (1978). The novel was nominated for the World Fantasy Award in 1976,[1] and the Locus Award for the All-Time Best Fantasy Novel in 1987.[2]
In two separate interviews in the 1980s King said that, of all his books, 'Salem's Lot was his favorite. In his June 1983 Playboy interview, the interviewer mentioned that because it was his favorite, King was planning a sequel,[3] but King has said on his website that because The Dark Tower series already continued the narrative in the Wolves of the Calla and Song of Susannah, he felt there was no longer a need for a sequel.[4] In 1987 he told Phil Konstantin in The Highway Patrolman magazine: "In a way it is my favorite story, mostly because of what it says about small towns. They are kind of a dying organism right now. The story seems sort of down home to me. I have a special cold spot in my heart for it!"[5]
The book is dedicated to King's daughter Naomi.
Contents
1 Plot
2 Background
3 Illustrated edition
4 Critical reception
5 Adaptations
5.1 Film and television
5.2 Radio
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
Ben Mears, a writer who spent part of his childhood in Jerusalem's Lot, Maine, has returned after twenty-five years. He quickly becomes friends with high-school teacher Matt Burke and strikes up a passionate romantic relationship with Susan Norton, a young college graduate. Ben has returned to the town to write a book about the long-abandoned Marsten House, where he had a bad experience as a child. Mears learns that the house—the former home of Depression-era hitman Hubert "Hubie" Marsten—has been purchased by Kurt Barlow, an Austrian immigrant who has arrived in the Lot ostensibly to open an antiques store. Barlow is on an extended buying trip; only his business partner, Richard Straker, is seen in public.
The duo's arrival coincides with the disappearance of a young boy, Ralphie Glick, and the death of his brother Danny, who becomes the town's first vampire. Danny infects locals including Mike Ryerson, Randy McDougall, Jack Griffen, and his own mother, Marjorie Glick. Danny fails, however, to infect his classmate Mark Petrie, who resists him successfully by holding a plastic cross in Danny's face. Within several days, many of the townspeople are turned into vampires. To fight the spread of the new vampires, Ben and Susan are joined by Matt and his doctor, Jimmy Cody, along with Mark and the local priest, Father Callahan. Susan is captured by Barlow and made into a vampire, eventually being staked through the heart by Ben.
When Father Callahan and Mark head over to Mark's parents' house to explain the danger that the family is in, the power is suddenly cut off and Barlow appears. After killing Mark's parents by smashing their heads together, Barlow briefly takes the boy hostage. Callahan pulls out his cross in an attempt to drive him off, and for a time it works, until Barlow challenges him to throw the cross away. Callahan, not having faith enough to do so, is soon overwhelmed by Barlow, who takes the now-useless cross and snaps it in two. Barlow then forces Callahan to drink his vampire blood, making him "unclean". When Callahan tries to re-enter his church he receives an electric shock, preventing him from going inside. Callahan then leaves Jerusalem's Lot.
Jimmy is killed when he falls from a rigged staircase and is impaled by knives set up by the vampires. Ben and Mark succeed in destroying the master vampire Barlow, but are lucky to escape with their lives and are forced to leave the town to the now-leaderless vampires. The novel's prologue, which is set shortly after the end of the story proper, describes Ben and Mark's flight across the country to a seaside town in Mexico, where they attempt to recover from their ordeal. Mark is received into the Catholic Church by a friendly local priest and confesses for the first time what they have experienced. The epilogue has the two returning to the town a year later, intending to renew the battle. Ben, knowing that there are too many hiding places for the vampires, deliberately starts a brush fire in the woods near the town with the intent of destroying it and the Marsten House once and for all.
Background[edit]
While teaching a high school Fantasy and Science Fiction course at Hampden Academy, King was inspired by Dracula, one of the books covered in the class. "One night over supper I wondered aloud what would happen if Dracula came back in the twentieth century, to America. 'He'd probably be run over by a Yellow Cab on Park Avenue and killed,' my wife said. (In the Introduction to the 2004 audiobook recording that Stephen King read himself, he says it was he who said "Probably he'd land in New York and be killed by a Taxi Cab, like Margaret Mitchell in Atlanta", and it was his wife who suggested a rural setting for the book.[6]) That closed the discussion, but in the following days, my mind kept returning to the idea. It occurred to me that my wife was probably right – if the legendary Count came to New York, that is. But if he were to show up in a sleepy little country town, what then? I decided I wanted to find out, so I wrote 'Salem's Lot, which was originally titled Second Coming".[7] Though King initially planned to title the novel Second Coming, he changed it to Jerusalem's Lot on the advice of his wife, novelist Tabitha King, who thought the original title sounded too much like a "bad sex story." King's publishers then shortened it to the current title, thinking the author's choice sounded too religious. King's paperback publisher bought the book for $550,000.
King expands on this thought of the 20th-century vampire in his essay for Adeline Magazine, "On Becoming a Brand Name" (February 1980): "I began to turn the idea over in my mind, and it began to coalesce into a possible novel. I thought it would make a good one, if I could create a fictional town with enough prosaic reality about it to offset the comic-book menace of a bunch of vampires." Yet the inspirations for 'Salem's Lot go back even farther. In Danse Macabre, a non-fiction overview of the modern horror genre, King recalls a dream he had when he was eight years old. In the dream, he saw the body of a hanged man dangling from the arm of a scaffold on a hill. "The corpse bore a sign: ROBERT BURNS. But when the wind caused the corpse to turn in the air, I saw that it was my face - rotted and picked by birds, but obviously mine. And then the corpse opened its eyes and looked at me. I woke up screaming, sure that a dead face would be leaning over me in the dark. Sixteen years later, I was able to use the dream as one of the central images in my novel 'Salem's Lot. I just changed the name of the corpse to Hubie Marsten."
King first wrote of Jerusalem's Lot in the short story "Jerusalem's Lot", penned in college, but not published until years later in the short story collection Night Shift. In a 1969 installment of "The Garbage Truck", a column King wrote for the University of Maine at Orono's campus newspaper, King foreshadowed the coming of 'Salem's Lot by writing: "In the early 1800s a whole sect of Shakers, a rather strange, religious persuasion at best, disappeared from their village (Jeremiah's Lot) in Vermont. The town remains uninhabited to this day."[8]
Politics during the time influenced King's writing of the story. The corruption in the government was a significant factor in the inspiration of the story. Of this he recalls,
I wrote 'Salem's Lot during the period when the Ervin committee was sitting. That was also the period when we first learned of the Ellsberg break-in, the White House tapes, the connection between Gordon Liddy and the CIA, the news of enemies lists, and other fearful intelligence. During the spring, summer and fall of 1973, it seemed that the Federal Government had been involved in so much subterfuge and so many covert operations that, like the bodies of the faceless wetbacks that Juan Corona was convicted of slaughtering in California, the horror would never end ... Every novel is to some extent an inadvertent psychological portrait of the novelist, and I think that the unspeakable obscenity in 'Salem's Lot has to do with my own disillusionment and consequent fear for the future. In a way, it is more closely related to Invasion of the Body Snatchers than it is to Dracula. The fear behind 'Salem's Lot seems to be that the Government has invaded everybody.[9]
Illustrated edition[edit]
'Salem's Lot: Illustrated Edition
In 2005, Centipede Press released a deluxe limited edition of 'Salem's Lot with black and white photographs by Jerry Uelsmann and the two short stories "Jerusalem's Lot" and "One for the Road", as well as over 50 pages of deleted material. The book was limited to 315 copies, each signed by Stephen King and Jerry Uelsmann. The book was printed on 100# Mohawk Superfine paper, it measured 9 by 13 inches (23 cm × 33 cm), was over 4 1⁄4 in (11 cm) thick, and weighed more than 13 pounds (5.9 kg). The book included a ribbon marker, head and tail bands, three-piece cloth construction, and a slipcase. An unsigned hardcover edition limited to 600 copies, was later released. Both the signed and unsigned editions were sold out.[10] In an interview with the printed trade journal Fine Books & Collections, King said of the illustrated folio version of his 'Salem's Lot, "I think it's beautiful!"[11] A trade edition was later released.
Critical reception[edit]
In the short story anthology A Century of Great Suspense Stories, editor Jeffery Deaver noted that King
singlehandedly made popular fiction grow up. While there were many good best-selling writers before him, King, more than anybody since John D. MacDonald, brought reality to genre novels. He’s often remarked that 'Salem's Lot was 'Peyton Place meets Dracula,' and so it was. The rich characterization, the careful and caring social eye, the interplay of story line and character development announced that writers could take worn themes such as vampirism and make them fresh again.[12]
Adaptations[edit]
Film and television[edit]
In 1979, 'Salem's Lot was adapted to a two-part television miniseries of the same name. It stars David Soul as Ben Mears, and was nominated for three primetime Emmys and an Edgar Award.[13] It was filmed on location in Ferndale, California.[14] A truncated two-hour version was also released in cinemas in some countries.
In 1987, Larry Cohen directed the feature A Return to Salem's Lot,[15] a sequel to the 1979 miniseries.
In 2004, TNT premiered a new version of 'Salem's Lot starring Rob Lowe, which also received a primetime Emmy nomination.[16]
Radio[edit]
The novel was adapted in the UK as a radio drama on BBC Radio 4 in 1995.[17]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "1976 Award Winners & Nominees". Worlds Without End. Archived from the original on 2009-07-25. Retrieved 2011-06-12.
Jump up ^ "Bibliography: 'Salem's Lot". isfdb Science Fiction. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Playboy Interview: Stephen King". Playboy Philippines. Archived from the original on December 3, 2013. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". StephenKing.com. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Phil Konstantin. "An Interview with Stephen King". Articles Written by Phil Konstantin. Archived from the original on April 12, 2014. Retrieved December 23, 2013.
Jump up ^ Introduction to "'Salem's Lot", Simon & Schuster, Inc., 2004.
Jump up ^ StephenKing.com: 'Salems Lot Archived 2007-08-15 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "The Stephen King Companion" Beahm, George Andrews McMeel press 1989, p. 267
Jump up ^ "The Fright Report", Oui Magazine, January 1980, p. 108
Jump up ^ Official Centipede Press webpage
Jump up ^ Goodman, Richard (July–August 2006). "Centipede Press". Fine Books & Collections: 20–21.
Jump up ^ A Century of Great Suspense Stories, edited by Jeffrey Deaver [Pg. 290]/Publisher: Berkley Hardcover (2001) ISBN 0425181928
Jump up ^ "Salem's Lot Awards Page". imdb.com.
Jump up ^ Hesseltine, Cassandra. "Complete Filmography of Humboldt County". Humboldt Del Norte Film Commission. Humboldt Del Norte Film Commission. Retrieved 12 October 2017.
Jump up ^ A Return to Salem's Lot, 1987-05-01, retrieved 2015-08-16
Jump up ^ Salem's Lot, 2004-06-20, retrieved 2015-08-16
Jump up ^ Joshi, S. T. (2010). Encyclopedia of the Vampire. p. 271.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: 'Salem's Lot
'Salem's Lot title listing at the Internet Speculative Fiction Database
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Stephen King
Bibliography
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Carrie (1974)
'Salem's Lot (1975)
The Shining (1977)
The Stand (1978)
The Dead Zone (1979)
Firestarter (1980)
Cujo (1981)
Christine (1983)
Pet Sematary (1983)
Cycle of the Werewolf (1983)
The Talisman (1984)
It (1986)
The Eyes of the Dragon (1987)
Misery (1987)
The Tommyknockers (1987)
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Needful Things (1991)
Gerald's Game (1992)
Dolores Claiborne (1992)
Insomnia (1994)
Rose Madder (1995)
The Green Mile (1996)
Desperation (1996)
Bag of Bones (1998)
The Girl Who Loved Tom Gordon (1999)
The Plant (2000; unfinished)
Dreamcatcher (2001)
Black House (2001)
From a Buick 8 (2002)
The Colorado Kid (2005)
Cell (2006)
Lisey's Story (2006)
Duma Key (2008)
Under the Dome (2009)
11/22/63 (2011)
Joyland (2013)
Doctor Sleep (2013)
Mr. Mercedes (2014)
Revival (2014)
Finders Keepers (2015)
End of Watch (2016)
Gwendy's Button Box (2017)
Sleeping Beauties (2017)
The Outsider (2018)
Elevation (2018)
The Dark Tower series
The Gunslinger (1982)
The Drawing of the Three (1987)
The Waste Lands (1991)
Wizard and Glass (1997)
Wolves of the Calla (2003)
Song of Susannah (2004)
The Dark Tower (2004)
The Wind Through the Keyhole (2012)
Richard Bachman novels
Rage (1977)
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Thinner (1984)
The Bachman Books (1985)
The Regulators (1996)
Blaze (2007)
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Different Seasons (1982)
Skeleton Crew (1985)
Four past Midnight (1990)
Nightmares & Dreamscapes (1993)
Hearts in Atlantis (1999)
Everything's Eventual (2002)
Just After Sunset (2008)
Full Dark, No Stars (2010)
The Bazaar of Bad Dreams (2015)
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Danse Macabre (1981)
Nightmares in the Sky (1988)
On Writing (2000)
Secret Windows (2000)
Faithful (2004)
"Guns" (2013)
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Creepshow (1982)
Cat's Eye (1985)
Silver Bullet (1985)
Maximum Overdrive (1986; also director)
Pet Sematary (1989)
Sleepwalkers (1992)
A Good Marriage (2014)
Cell (2016)
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Golden Years (1991)
The Stand (1994)
The Shining (1997)
"Chinga" (1998)
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Rose Red (2002)
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Desperation (2006)
"Heads Will Roll" (2014)
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American Vampire (2010)
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Michael Jackson's Ghosts (1997)
Black Ribbons (2010)
Ghost Brothers of Darkland County (2012)
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Six Scary Stories (2016)
Flight or Fright (2018)
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Jerusalem's Lot
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'Salem's Lot
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Stephen King's 'Salem's Lot
Characters
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Adaptations
Salem's Lot (1979 TV miniseries)
Salem's Lot (1995 radio drama)
Salem's Lot (2004 TV miniseries)
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"Jerusalem's Lot" (prequel)
"One for the Road" (sequel)
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A Return to Salem's Lot (1987)
Jerusalem's Lot
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