text:
Command key
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For the same keyboard key in Windows, see Windows key.
The Command key (⌘), also historically known as the Apple key, clover key,[1] open-Apple key, splat key, pretzel key,[1] or propeller key,[1] is a modifier key present on Apple keyboards. The Command key's purpose is to allow the user to enter keyboard commands in applications and in the system. An "extended" Macintosh keyboard — the most common type — has two command keys, one on each side of the space bar; some compact keyboards have one only on the left.
The "⌘" symbol (the "looped square") was chosen by Susan Kare after Steve Jobs decided that the use of the Apple logo in the menu system (where the keyboard shortcuts are displayed) would be an over-use of the logo. Apple's adaptation of the symbol — encoded in Unicode (and HTML) at U+2318 ⌘ (HTML ⌘) — was derived in part from its use in Nordic countries as an indicator of cultural locations and places of interest[2]. The symbol is known by various other names, including "Saint John's Arms" and "Bowen knot".
Contents
1 History
2 NeXT
3 Function
4 Origin of the symbol
5 On other keyboards
6 References
7 External links
History[edit]
See also: The Apple logo
Apple's computers up through the 1979 Apple II Plus did not have a command key. The first model on which it appeared was the 1980 Apple III, where there are two monochrome Apple keys, both to the left of the space bar on the lowest row of the keyboard. Two other early Apple computers, the 1982 Apple IIe and the 1984 Apple IIc, also had two such keys, one to the left and one to the right of the space bar; in these models, they mapped to the first two fire buttons of an attached joystick. This allowed for flexible combinations of a modifier key and base key (such as Open-Apple with C for Copy) with just a few extra wires and no ROM changes, since the Apple II could only register one key press at a time (Shift and Control keys were handled in the keyboard encoding hardware which generated ASCII codes). In all these cases, the left Apple key had an outlined "open" Apple logo, and the one on the right had an opaque, "closed" or "solid" Apple logo key. The Apple Lisa had only the closed Apple logo.
When the Macintosh was introduced in 1984, the keyboard had a single command key with a Looped square symbol (⌘, U+2318), because Steve Jobs said that showing the Apple logo throughout the menus as a keyboard shortcut was "taking [it] in vain".[3] Thus, the ⌘ symbol appears in the Macintosh menus as the primary modifier key symbol. The original Macintosh also had an Option key which was used primarily for entering extended characters.
In 1986, the Apple IIGS was introduced. Like the newer Macintosh computers to come, such as the Macintosh SE, it used the Apple Desktop Bus for its keyboard and mouse. However, it was still an Apple II. Apple changed the keys on the IIGS's keyboard to Command and Option, as on Mac keyboards, but added an open-Apple to the Command key, for consistency with applications for previous Apple II generations. (The Option key did not have a closed-Apple, probably because Apple II applications used the closed-Apple key much more rarely than the open-Apple key; thus there was less need to keep it around.) Because any ADB keyboard could be used with the IIGS, all of Apple's ADB keyboards — even those intended for the Mac — also required the open-Apple, and it stuck for more than twenty years, causing confusion long after the Apple II series went out of production.
The Apple symbol was removed in the keyboard's 2007 redesign, making room for the key's name to appear. The word "command" is now printed on the key.
NeXT[edit]
NeXT keyboard command key
On the keyboard of the NeXT Computer that key was marked Command in green. The menus were not marked with a symbol denoting the command key.
Besides being used as a modifier key for keyboard shortcuts it was also used to alter the function of some keys. Command+⇧ Shift toggles alpha lock, Command+Return sends Enter and Command+🔉Volume-down toggles Mute.[4]
The functions were printed in green on the front side of the modified keys. This was also done on the Z, X, C and V keys (Undo, Cut, Copy and Paste)
(Left) Command-Alternate-* triggers a non catchable hardware reset thereby hard rebooting the computer. (Contrary to Ctrl+Alt+Del on a PC compatible computer which triggers only a software reset)
On the NeXT ADB keyboard, the Command keys were replaced by keys labeled Help and the Command key morphed into a wide Command bar in front of the space bar[5]
Function[edit]
The purpose of the Command key is to allow the user to enter keyboard commands in applications and in the system. The Macintosh Human Interface Guidelines have always recommended that developers use the Command key (and not the Control or Option keys) for this purpose. A small set of keyboard commands (such as cut and paste, open and save) are standard across nearly all applications, and many other commands are standardized (Find, Show Fonts). If an application needs more shortcuts than can be obtained with the twenty-six letters of the Latin alphabet, double modifiers such as Command+Option are used.
One advantage of this scheme, as contrasted with the Microsoft Windows mixed use of the Control and Alt keys, is that the Control key is available for its original purpose: entering control characters in terminal applications. (Indeed, the very first Macintosh lacked a Control key; it was soon added to allow compatible terminal software.)
The Macintosh keyboard's other unusual modifier key, the Option key, serves as a modifier both for entering keyboard shortcuts and for typing text — it is used to enter foreign characters, typographical symbols, and other special characters.
Origin of the symbol[edit]
See also: Looped square and Bowen knot
Swedish road sign no. H22
A Bowen knot
The ⌘ symbol came into the Macintosh project at a late stage. The development team originally went for their old Apple key, but Steve Jobs found it frustrating when "apples" filled up the Mac's menus next to the key commands, because he felt that this was an over-use of the company logo.[3] He then opted for a different key symbol. With only a few days left before deadline, the team's bitmap artist Susan Kare started researching for the Apple logo's successor. She was browsing through a symbol dictionary when she came across the cloverleaf-like symbol, commonly used in Nordic countries as an indicator of cultural locations and places of interest[2][6] (it is the official road sign for tourist attraction in Denmark, Finland,[7] Iceland,[8] Norway,[9] and Sweden,[10] and the computer key has often been called Fornminne — ancient monument — by Swedish Mac users[11] and Seværdighedstegn by Danish users). When she showed it to the rest of the team, everyone liked it, and so it became the symbol of the 1984 Macintosh command key.[12][6] Susan Kare states that it has since been told to her that the symbol had been picked for its Scandinavian usage due to its resembling the shape of a square castle with round corner towers as seen from above looking down, notably Borgholm Castle.[6]
The symbol was included in the original Macintosh font Chicago, and could be inserted by typing a control q key combination.[13]
In Unicode and HTML it is encoded, respectively, as U+2318 ⌘ Place of interest sign (HTML ⌘).[14][15][16]
On other keyboards[edit]
On USB keyboards, the Command keys are mapped to standard keycodes reserved for GUI functions.[17]
On a keyboard made with the Microsoft Windows logo, the Windows keys are identical in function to the Mac Command keys, as is the ◆ Meta key on a Sun or another Unix-oriented keyboard.[18] Conversely, when an Apple USB keyboard is used with other operating systems, the Command keys function as Windows keys or Meta keys.
On a Windows keyboard the position of the ⊞ Win and Alt keys are swapped compared to the position of Alt and ⌘ Command keys on an Apple keyboard. In macOS this can be configured in the keyboard preferences (Modifier Keys ...) so that the Windows Alt key (next to the space bar) becomes the Mac ⌘ Command key and vice versa so that users do not have to change their Motor learning. All the modifier keys, along with the ⇪ Caps Lock, can be remapped to whichever modifier key function the user wishes, so users of traditional Unix style keyboards may choose to use the ⇪ Caps Lock key as a ⌘ Command key or other modifier.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Clover key - Definition". Mondofacto. Retrieved 30 November 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Susan Kare on Working on the Macintosh". Stanford University. February 20, 2001. Archived from the original on 2015-05-27. Retrieved May 27, 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Hertzfeld, Andy. "Swedish Campground". Folklore.org: Macintosh Stories. Retrieved December 23, 2006. 'There are too many Apples on the screen! It's ridiculous! We're taking the Apple logo in vain! We've got to stop doing that!'
Jump up ^ NeXT User's Reference, 4/90, Reorder Product #N6002
Jump up ^ large picture of a NeXT ADB keyboard showing the "Command bar"
^ Jump up to: a b c Grafik. "High Command". Grafik.
Jump up ^ "Informative signs". Finnish Transport Agency. August 10, 2011. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. Retrieved April 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Road Markings, www.arctic.is". Archived from the original on 2015-04-02.
Jump up ^ "Serviceskilt". Vegvesen. Archived from the original on October 6, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Sevärdhet". Transportstyrelsen. Archived from the original on 2010-08-23. (in Swedish)
Jump up ^ "Fornminne på Mac". Hexmasters Faktoider. Archived from the original on 2015-04-02. (in Swedish)
Jump up ^ Hertzfeld, Andy. "Swedish Campground". Folklore.org: Macintosh Stories. Archived from the original on 2015-05-12. Retrieved February 21, 2007. 'Twenty years later, even in OS X, the Macintosh still has a little bit of a Swedish campground in it.'
Jump up ^ Apple Computer (October 1, 1993). "Technical Note TE505 – Font Manager Q&As – Macintosh Reference Library". Apple. Retrieved September 2, 2008. Chicago Control-Q prints propeller or clover symbol
Jump up ^ Allen, Julie D. (October 2006). "Unicode Names Index" (PDF). The Unicode Standard, Version 5.0.0. Unicode Consortium. p. 1214. Retrieved August 21, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Unicode Character Name Index". Retrieved May 26, 2011.
Jump up ^ "The Unicode Standard, Version 6.0": Miscellaneous Technical" (PDF). Retrieved May 26, 2011.
Jump up ^ "USB HID usage table", FreeBSD Diary, retrieved 2014-09-30
Jump up ^ Frakes, Dan (January 31, 2005). "Mac mini, Windows Keyboard". MacWorld. Mac Publishing. Retrieved December 23, 2006. Windows key acts as Apple/command .
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Command keys.
Computing portal
Apple portal
Jargon File entry on feature key
Jargon File entry on pretzel key
Andy Hertzfeld's story at Folklore.org
Susan Kare's interview about the symbol
Sight Worth Seeing entry, Symbols
More on the History of Apple's Command Key, Low End Mac
St. Hans' Cross entry, Symbols Online Symbol Encyclopedia
How Apple Keyboards Lost a Logo and Windows PCs Gained One, RoughlyDrafted
Tom Chatfield tells the story of the command key, on Medium
High resolution photo of mint NeXT keyboard
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List of FIFA World Cup red cards
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This is a list of all red cards shown during FIFA World Cups; that is, the occasions when a player has been expelled from the game in a football World Cup Finals match (not including qualifying matches). As FIFA is the governing body of football, official red cards are only noted when FIFA recognised that a player was expelled or sent off in a match.
This list includes all dismissals since the first FIFA World Cup in 1930. The use of red and yellow cards to indicate dismissals and cautions is a more recent invention, having been introduced at the 1970 tournament.
Notable World Cup red cards[edit]
Plácido Galindo was the first player to be sent off in a World Cup match, playing for Peru on 14 July 1930 against Romania.
Uruguay's José Batista received the quickest red card when he was sent off in the first minute in 1986 for bringing down Gordon Strachan in a game against Scotland.
Five players have been sent off in the final. Argentina's Pedro Monzón was the first in 1990 and was quickly followed by teammate Gustavo Dezotti in the same match. Marcel Desailly, playing for France in 1998, was the first player to be sent off from the winning team in the final.
Argentina's Claudio Caniggia became the first person to be sent off from the substitute's bench, after he swore at the referee in a game against Sweden in 2002.
The most players sent off on one day occurred on 18 June 1998 when five players received a red card across two different first round matches.
The 2006 tournament had the highest amount of red cards; a total of 27 players were sent off.
Rigobert Song became the first player to receive two red cards - one in 1994 and one in 1998. Zinedine Zidane replicated this in 1998 and 2006.
Three South American countries lead the list of most red cards for a national team with Brazil having 11 players dismissed. Argentina have had 10 players sent off, and Uruguay 9 players.
The single World Cup match with the greatest number of red cards was the Portugal-Netherlands game in the second round of the 2006 World Cup, this match also known as the "Battle of Nuremberg". 4 players, 2 from each team, were sent off; overall referee Valentin Ivanov dished out 16 yellow cards and 4 red cards, the greatest number of players booked and sent off in any one match.
The physical red card was introduced in 1970, but nobody was sent off. Carlos Caszely of Chile became the first person to receive a red card, after his second yellow card against West Germany in 1974, for bringing down Berti Vogts.[citation needed] Chile lost 1-0.
List of World Cup red cards[edit]
Order
Player
Card Combination
Time of cards
Representing
Final
Score
Opponent
Tournament
Round
Date
7000100000000000000♠1. Plácido Galindo 7001540000000000000♠54' Peru 1–3 Romania 1930, Uruguay First round July 14, 1930
7000200000000000000♠2. Imre Markos 7001630000000000000♠63' Hungary 1–2 Austria 1934, Italy Quarter-finals May 31, 1934
7000300000000000000♠3. Hans Pesser 7001960000000000000♠96' Germany 1–1aet Switzerland 1938, France First round June 4, 1938
7000400000000000000♠4. Zezé Procópio 7001140000000000000♠14' Brazil 1–1aet Czechoslovakia Quarter-finals June 12, 1938
7000500000000000000♠5. Jan Říha 7001890000000000000♠89' Czechoslovakia 1–1aet Brazil Quarter-finals June 12, 1938
7000600000000000000♠6. Machado 7001890000000000000♠89' Brazil 1–1aet Czechoslovakia Quarter-finals June 12, 1938
7000700000000000000♠7. József Bozsik 7001710000000000000♠71' Hungary 4–2 Brazil 1954, Switzerland Quarter-finals June 27, 1954
7000800000000000000♠8. Nílton Santos 7001710000000000000♠71' Brazil 2–4 Hungary Quarter-finals June 27, 1954
7000900000000000000♠9. Humberto 7001790000000000000♠79' Brazil 2–4 Hungary Quarter-finals June 27, 1954
7001100000000000000♠10. Ferenc Sipos 7001790000000000000♠79' Hungary 1–2 Wales 1958, Sweden First round June 17, 1958
7001110000000000000♠11. Titus Buberník 7002102000000000000♠102' Czechoslovakia 1–2 Northern Ireland First round June 17, 1958
7001120000000000000♠12. Erich Juskowiak 7001590000000000000♠59' West Germany 1–3 Sweden Semi-finals June 24, 1958
7001130000000000000♠13. Giorgio Ferrini 7000800000000000000♠8' Italy 0–2 Chile 1962, Chile First round June 2, 1962
7001140000000000000♠14. Mario David 7001410000000000000♠41' Italy 0–2 Chile First round June 2, 1962
7001150000000000000♠15. Ángel Cabrera 7001710000000000000♠71' Uruguay 1–3 Yugoslavia First round June 2, 1962
7001160000000000000♠16. Vladimir Popović 7001710000000000000♠71' Yugoslavia 3–1 Uruguay First round June 2, 1962
7001170000000000000♠17. Honorino Landa 7001800000000000000♠80' Chile 2–4 Brazil Semi-finals June 13, 1962
7001180000000000000♠18. Garrincha 7001830000000000000♠83' Brazil 4–2 Chile Semi-finals June 13, 1962
7001190000000000000♠19. Rafael Albrecht 7001650000000000000♠65' Argentina 0–0 West Germany 1966, England First round July 16, 1966
7001200000000000000♠20. Antonio Rattín 7001350000000000000♠35' Argentina 0–1 England Quarter-finals July 23, 1966
7001210000000000000♠21. Horacio Troche 7001490000000000000♠49' Uruguay 0–4 West Germany Quarter-finals July 23, 1966
7001220000000000000♠22. Héctor Silva 7001540000000000000♠54' Uruguay 0–4 West Germany Quarter-finals July 23, 1966
7001230000000000000♠23. Igor Chislenko 7001440000000000000♠44' Soviet Union 1–2 West Germany Semi-finals July 25, 1966
7001240000000000000♠24. Carlos Caszely 13', 67' Chile 0–1 West Germany 1974, West Germany First round June 14, 1974
7001250000000000000♠25. Julio Montero Castillo 7001690000000000000♠69' Uruguay 0–2 Netherlands First round June 15, 1974
7001260000000000000♠26. Mulamba Ndaye 7001220000000000000♠22' Zaire 0–9 Yugoslavia First round June 18, 1974
7001270000000000000♠27. Ray Richards 37', 83' Australia 0–0 Chile First round June 22, 1974
7001280000000000000♠28. Luís Pereira 7001840000000000000♠84' Brazil 0–2 Netherlands Second round July 3, 1974
7001290000000000000♠29. András Törõcsik 48', 82' Hungary 1–2 Argentina 1978, Argentina First round June 2, 1978
7001300000000000000♠30. Tibor Nyilasi 21', 89' Hungary 1–2 Argentina First round June 2, 1978
7001310000000000000♠31. Dick Nanninga 7001880000000000000♠88' Netherlands 2–2 West Germany Second round June 18, 1978
7001320000000000000♠32. Ladislav Vízek 7001870000000000000♠87' Czechoslovakia 1–1 France 1982, Spain First round June 24, 1982
7001330000000000000♠33. Gilberto Yearwood 7001890000000000000♠89' Honduras 0–1 Yugoslavia First round June 24, 1982
7001340000000000000♠34. Mal Donaghy 7001620000000000000♠62' Northern Ireland 1–0 Spain First round June 25, 1982
7001350000000000000♠35. Américo Gallego 7001840000000000000♠84' Argentina 1–2 Italy Second round June 29, 1982
7001360000000000000♠36. Diego Maradona 7001850000000000000♠85' Argentina 1–3 Brazil Second round July 2, 1982
7001370000000000000♠37. Mike Sweeney 52', 85' Canada 0–2 Hungary 1986, Mexico First round June 6, 1986
7001380000000000000♠38. Ray Wilkins 40', 42' England 0–0 Morocco First round June 6, 1986
7001390000000000000♠39. Basil Gorgis 7001520000000000000♠52' Iraq 1–2 Belgium First round June 8, 1986
7001400000000000000♠40. Miguel Bossio 13', 19' Uruguay 1–6 Denmark First round June 8, 1986
7001410000000000000♠41. José Batista 7000100000000000000♠1' Uruguay 0–0 Scotland First round June 13, 1986
7001420000000000000♠42. Frank Arnesen 36', 88' Denmark 2–0 West Germany First round June 13, 1986
7001430000000000000♠43. Thomas Berthold 7001640000000000000♠64' West Germany 0–0 Mexico Quarter-finals June 21, 1986
7001440000000000000♠44. Javier Aguirre 20', 100' Mexico 0–0 West Germany Quarter-finals June 21, 1986
7001450000000000000♠45. André Kana-Biyik 7001610000000000000♠61' Cameroon 1–0 Argentina 1990, Italy First round June 8, 1990
7001460000000000000♠46. Benjamin Massing 10', 89' Cameroon 1–0 Argentina First round June 8, 1990
7001470000000000000♠47. Eric Wynalda 7001520000000000000♠52' United States 1–5 Czechoslovakia First round June 10, 1990
7001480000000000000♠48. Volodymyr Bezsonov 7001480000000000000♠48' Soviet Union 0–2 Argentina First round June 13, 1990
7001490000000000000♠49. Eric Gerets 35', 42' Belgium 3–1 Uruguay First round June 17, 1990
7001500000000000000♠50. Khalil Ghanim 36', 76' United Arab Emirates 1–4 Yugoslavia First round June 19, 1990
7001510000000000000♠51. Peter Artner 7001340000000000000♠34' Austria 2–1 United States First round June 19, 1990
7001520000000000000♠52. Yoon Deuk-yeo 7001700000000000000♠70' South Korea 0–1 Uruguay First round June 21, 1990
7001530000000000000♠53. Ricardo Gomes 7001850000000000000♠85' Brazil 0–1 Argentina Second round June 24, 1990
7001540000000000000♠54. Rudi Völler 7001220000000000000♠22' West Germany 2–1 Netherlands Second round June 24, 1990
7001550000000000000♠55. Frank Rijkaard 7001220000000000000♠22' Netherlands 1–2 West Germany Second round June 24, 1990
7001560000000000000♠56. Refik Šabanadžović 7001310000000000000♠31' Yugoslavia 0–0aet Argentina Quarter-finals June 30, 1990
7001570000000000000♠57. Ľubomír Moravčík 11', 70' Czechoslovakia 0–1 West Germany Quarter-finals July 1, 1990
7001580000000000000♠58. Ricardo Giusti 7002103000000000000♠103' Argentina 1–1aet Italy Semi-finals July 3, 1990
7001590000000000000♠59. Pedro Monzón 7001650000000000000♠65' Argentina 0–1 West Germany Final July 8, 1990
7001600000000000000♠60. Gustavo Dezotti 5', 87' Argentina 0–1 West Germany Final July 8, 1990
7001610000000000000♠61. Marco Etcheverry 7001840000000000000♠84' Bolivia 0–1 Germany 1994, United States First round June 17, 1994
7001620000000000000♠62. Miguel Angel Nadal 7001260000000000000♠26' Spain 2–2 South Korea First round June 17, 1994
7001630000000000000♠63. Ion Vlădoiu 7001740000000000000♠74' Romania 1–4 Switzerland First round June 22, 1994
7001640000000000000♠64. Gianluca Pagliuca 7001210000000000000♠21' Italy 1–0 Norway First round June 23, 1994
7001650000000000000♠65. Luis Cristaldo 22', 82' Bolivia 0–0 South Korea First round June 23, 1994
7001660000000000000♠66. Rigobert Song 7001840000000000000♠84' Cameroon 0–3 Brazil First round June 24, 1994
7001670000000000000♠67. Sergei Gorlukovich 1', 49' Russia 1–3 Sweden First round June 24, 1994
7001680000000000000♠68. Tsanko Tsvetanov 45', 67' Bulgaria 2–0 Argentina First round June 30, 1994
7001690000000000000♠69. Leonardo 7001440000000000000♠44' Brazil 1–0 United States Second round July 4, 1994
7001700000000000000♠70. Fernando Clavijo 64', 85' United States 0–1 Brazil Second round July 4, 1994
7001710000000000000♠71. Gianfranco Zola 7001760000000000000♠76' Italy 2–1aet Nigeria Second round July 5, 1994
7001720000000000000♠72. Emil Kremenliev 12', 50' Bulgaria 1–1aet Mexico Second round July 5, 1994
7001730000000000000♠73. Luis García 28', 57' Mexico 1–1aet Bulgaria Second round July 5, 1994
7001740000000000000♠74. Stefan Schwarz 43', 101' Sweden 2–2aet Romania Quarter-finals July 10, 1994
7001750000000000000♠75. Jonas Thern 7001640000000000000♠64' Sweden 0–1 Brazil Semi-finals July 13, 1994
7001760000000000000♠76. Anatoli Nankov 27', 89' Bulgaria 0–0 Paraguay 1998, France First round June 12, 1998
7001770000000000000♠77. Ha Seok-ju 7001300000000000000♠30' South Korea 1–3 Mexico First round June 13, 1998
7001780000000000000♠78. Patrick Kluivert 7001790000000000000♠79' Netherlands 0–0 Belgium First round June 13, 1998
7001790000000000000♠79. Raymond Kalla 7001430000000000000♠43' Cameroon 0–3 Italy First round June 17, 1998
7001800000000000000♠80. Miklos Molnar 7001670000000000000♠67' Denmark 1–1 South Africa First round June 18, 1998
7001810000000000000♠81. Alfred Phiri 65', 68' South Africa 1–1 Denmark First round June 18, 1998
7001820000000000000♠82. Morten Wieghorst 7001850000000000000♠85' Denmark 1–1 South Africa First round June 18, 1998
7001830000000000000♠83. Mohammed Al-Khilaiwi 7001190000000000000♠19' Saudi Arabia 0–4 France First round June 18, 1998
7001840000000000000♠84. Zinedine Zidane (2) 7001710000000000000♠71' France 4–0 Saudi Arabia First round June 18, 1998
7001850000000000000♠85. Pável Pardo 7001290000000000000♠29' Mexico 2–2 Belgium First round June 20, 1998
7001860000000000000♠86. Gert Verheyen 7001550000000000000♠55' Belgium 2–2 Mexico First round June 20, 1998
7001870000000000000♠87. Darryl Powell 4', 45' Jamaica 0–5 Argentina First round June 21, 1998
7001880000000000000♠88. Rigobert Song (2) 8', 51' Cameroon 1–1 Chile First round June 23, 1998
7001890000000000000♠89. Lauren 7001890000000000000♠89' Cameroon 1–1 Chile First round June 23, 1998
7001900000000000000♠90. Craig Burley 7001540000000000000♠54' Scotland 0–3 Morocco First round June 23, 1998
7001910000000000000♠91. Ramón Ramírez 7001890000000000000♠89' Mexico 2–2 Netherlands First round June 25, 1998
7001920000000000000♠92. David Beckham 7001470000000000000♠47' England 2–2aet Argentina Second round June 30, 1998
7001930000000000000♠93. Arthur Numan 17', 76' Netherlands 2–1 Argentina Quarter-finals July 4, 1998
7001940000000000000♠94. Ariel Ortega 7001870000000000000♠87' Argentina 1–2 Netherlands Quarter-finals July 4, 1998
7001950000000000000♠95. Christian Wörns 7001400000000000000♠40' Germany 0–3 Croatia Quarter-finals July 4, 1998
7001960000000000000♠96. Laurent Blanc 7001730000000000000♠73' France 2–1 Croatia Semi-finals July 8, 1998
7001970000000000000♠97. Marcel Desailly 48', 68' France 3–0 Brazil Final July 12, 1998
7001980000000000000♠98. Boris Živković 7001590000000000000♠59' Croatia 0–1 Mexico 2002, Korea/Japan First round June 3, 2002
7001990000000000000♠99. Alpay Özalan 7001860000000000000♠86' Turkey 1–2 Brazil First round June 3, 2002
7002100000000000000♠100. Hakan Ünsal 24', 90' Turkey 1–2 Brazil First round June 3, 2002
7002101000000000000♠101. Thierry Henry 7001250000000000000♠25' France 0–0 Uruguay First round June 6, 2002
7002102000000000000♠102. Salif Diao 7001620000000000000♠62' Senegal 1–1 Denmark First round June 6, 2002
7002103000000000000♠103. Carsten Ramelow 37', 40' Germany 2–0 Cameroon First round June 11, 2002
7002104000000000000♠104. Patrick Suffo 60', 77' Cameroon 0–2 Germany First round June 11, 2002
7002105000000000000♠105. Claudio Caniggia[1] 7001450000000000000♠45' Argentina 1–1 Sweden First round June 12, 2002
7002106000000000000♠106. Carlos Paredes 4', 22' Paraguay 3–1 Slovenia First round June 12, 2002
7002107000000000000♠107. Nastja Čeh 7001810000000000000♠81' Slovenia 1–3 Paraguay First round June 12, 2002
7002108000000000000♠108. Shao Jiayi 7001580000000000000♠58' China PR 0–3 Turkey First round June 13, 2002
7002109000000000000♠109. João Pinto 7001270000000000000♠27' Portugal 0–1 South Korea First round June 14, 2002
7002110000000000000♠110. Beto 22', 66' Portugal 0–1 South Korea First round June 14, 2002
7002111000000000000♠111. Roberto Acuña 7001900000000000000♠90' Paraguay 0–1 Germany Second round June 15, 2002
7002112000000000000♠112. Rafael Márquez 7001880000000000000♠88' Mexico 0–2 United States Second round June 17, 2002
7002113000000000000♠113. Francesco Totti 22', 103' Italy 1–2aet South Korea Second round June 18, 2002
7002114000000000000♠114. Ronaldinho 7001570000000000000♠57' Brazil 2–1 England Quarter-finals June 21, 2002
7002115000000000000♠115. Avery John 15', 46' Trinidad and Tobago 0–0 Sweden 2006, Germany First round June 10, 2006
7002116000000000000♠116. Jean-Paul Abalo 23', 53' Togo 1–2 South Korea First round June 13, 2006
7002117000000000000♠117. Vladyslav Vashchuk 7001470000000000000♠47' Ukraine 0–4 Spain First round June 14, 2006
7002118000000000000♠118. Radosław Sobolewski 28', 75' Poland 0–1 Germany First round June 14, 2006
7002119000000000000♠119. Mateja Kežman 7001650000000000000♠65' Serbia and Montenegro 0–6 Argentina First round June 16, 2006
7002120000000000000♠120. Andre 44', 79' Angola 0–0 Mexico First round June 16, 2006
7002121000000000000♠121. Tomáš Ujfaluši 7001660000000000000♠66' Czech Republic 0–2 Ghana First round June 17, 2006
7002122000000000000♠122. Daniele De Rossi 7001280000000000000♠28' Italy 1–1 United States First round June 17, 2006
7002123000000000000♠123. Pablo Mastroeni 7001450000000000000♠45' United States 1–1 Italy First round June 17, 2006
7002124000000000000♠124. Eddie Pope 21', 47' United States 1–1 Italy First round June 17, 2006
7002125000000000000♠125. Luis Pérez 27', 61' Mexico 1–2 Portugal First round June 21, 2006
7002126000000000000♠126. Albert Nađ 17', 45' Serbia and Montenegro 2–3 Ivory Coast First round June 21, 2006
7002127000000000000♠127. Cyril Domoraud 41', 90' Ivory Coast 3–2 Serbia and Montenegro First round June 21, 2006
7002128000000000000♠128. Jan Polák 35', 45' Czech Republic 0–2 Italy First round June 22, 2006
7002129000000000000♠129. Dario Šimić 32', 85' Croatia 2–2 Australia First round June 22, 2006
7002130000000000000♠130. Brett Emerton 81', 87' Australia 2–2 Croatia First round June 22, 2006
7002131000000000000♠131. Josip Šimunić[2] 61', 93' Croatia 2–2 Australia First round June 22, 2006
7002132000000000000♠132. Ziad Jaziri 9', 45' Tunisia 0–1 Ukraine First round June 23, 2006
7002133000000000000♠133. Teddy Lučić 28', 35' Sweden 0–2 Germany Second round June 24, 2006
7002134000000000000♠134. Costinha 31', 45' Portugal 1–0 Netherlands Second round June 25, 2006
7002135000000000000♠135. Khalid Boulahrouz 7', 64' Netherlands 0–1 Portugal Second round June 25, 2006
7002136000000000000♠136. Deco 73', 78' Portugal 1–0 Netherlands Second round June 25, 2006
7002137000000000000♠137. Giovanni van Bronckhorst 59', 90' Netherlands 0–1 Portugal Second round June 25, 2006
7002138000000000000♠138. Marco Materazzi 7001510000000000000♠51' Italy 1–0 Australia Second round June 26, 2006
7002139000000000000♠139. Asamoah Gyan 48', 81' Ghana 0–3 Brazil Second round June 27, 2006
7002140000000000000♠140. Leandro Cufré[1] 7002120000000000000♠120' Argentina 1–1aet Germany Quarter-finals June 30, 2006
7002141000000000000♠141. Wayne Rooney 7001620000000000000♠62' England 0–0aet Portugal Quarter-finals July 1, 2006
7002142000000000000♠142. Zinedine Zidane 7002110000000000000♠110' France 1–1aet Italy Final July 9, 2006
7002143000000000000♠143. Nicolás Lodeiro 65', 81' Uruguay 0–0 France 2010, South Africa First round June 11, 2010
7002144000000000000♠144. Abdelkader Ghezzal 59', 73' Algeria 0–1 Slovenia First round June 13, 2010
7002145000000000000♠145. Aleksandar Luković 54', 74' Serbia 0–1 Ghana First round June 13, 2010
7002146000000000000♠146. Tim Cahill 7001560000000000000♠56' Australia 0–4 Germany First round June 13, 2010
7002147000000000000♠147. Itumeleng Khune 7001760000000000000♠76' South Africa 0–3 Uruguay First round June 16, 2010
7002148000000000000♠148. Sani Kaita 7001330000000000000♠33' Nigeria 1–2 Greece First round June 17, 2010
7002149000000000000♠149. Miroslav Klose 12', 37' Germany 0–1 Serbia First round June 18, 2010
7002150000000000000♠150. Harry Kewell 7001240000000000000♠24' Australia 1–1 Ghana First round June 19, 2010
7002151000000000000♠151. Kaká 85', 88' Brazil 3–1 Ivory Coast First round June 20, 2010
7002152000000000000♠152. Valon Behrami 7001310000000000000♠31' Switzerland 0–1 Chile First round June 21, 2010
7002153000000000000♠153. Yoann Gourcuff 7001250000000000000♠25' France 1–2 South Africa First round June 22, 2010
7002154000000000000♠154. Antar Yahia 76', 90' Algeria 0–1 United States First round June 23, 2010
7002155000000000000♠155. Marco Estrada 21', 37' Chile 1–2 Spain First round June 25, 2010
7002156000000000000♠156. Ricardo Costa 7001890000000000000♠89' Portugal 0–1 Spain Second round June 29, 2010
7002157000000000000♠157. Felipe Melo 7001730000000000000♠73' Brazil 1–2 Netherlands Quarter-finals July 2, 2010
7002158000000000000♠158. Luis Suárez 7002120000000000000♠120' Uruguay 1–1aet Ghana Quarter-finals July 2, 2010
7002159000000000000♠159. John Heitinga 56', 109' Netherlands 0–1aet Spain Final July 11, 2010
7002160000000000000♠160. Maxi Pereira 7001940000000000000♠94' Uruguay 1–3 Costa Rica 2014, Brazil First round June 14, 2014
7002161000000000000♠161. Wilson Palacios 28', 44' Honduras 0–3 France First round June 15, 2014
7002162000000000000♠162. Pepe 7001370000000000000♠37' Portugal 0–4 Germany First round June 16, 2014
7002163000000000000♠163. Alex Song 7001400000000000000♠40' Cameroon 0–4 Croatia First round June 18, 2014
7002164000000000000♠164. Kostas Katsouranis 27', 38' Greece 0–0 Japan First round June 19, 2014
7002165000000000000♠165. Ante Rebić 7001890000000000000♠89' Croatia 1–3 Mexico First round June 23, 2014
7002166000000000000♠166. Claudio Marchisio 7001590000000000000♠59' Italy 0–1 Uruguay First round June 24, 2014
7002167000000000000♠167. Antonio Valencia 7001480000000000000♠48' Ecuador 0–0 France First round June 25, 2014
7002168000000000000♠168. Steven Defour 7001450000000000000♠45' Belgium 1–0 South Korea First round June 26, 2014
7002169000000000000♠169. Óscar Duarte 42', 66' Costa Rica 1–1aet Greece Second round June 29, 2014
7002170000000000000♠170. Carlos Sánchez Moreno 4' Colombia 1–2 Japan 2018, Russia First round June 19, 2018
7002171000000000000♠171. Jérôme Boateng 71', 82' Germany 2–1 Sweden First round June 23, 2018
7002172000000000000♠172. Igor Smolnikov 27', 36' Russia 0–3 Uruguay First round June 25, 2018
7002173000000000000♠173. Michael Lang 94' Switzerland 0–1 Sweden Second round July 3, 2018
Notes[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b From substitutes' bench
Jump up ^ Josip Šimunić erroneously received three yellow cards (61', 90', 93+') from referee Graham Poll in the Croatia match against Australia before being sent off, but FIFA changed the report to include only 61' and 93' bookings.
hide
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FIFA World Cup
Tournaments
Uruguay 1930
Italy 1934
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Brazil 1950
Switzerland 1954
Sweden 1958
Chile 1962
England 1966
Mexico 1970
West Germany 1974
Argentina 1978
Spain 1982
Mexico 1986
Italy 1990
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France 1998
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Germany 2006
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Qualification
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Seedings
1998
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Broadcasters
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Statistics
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Notes: There was no qualification for the 1930 World Cup as places were given by invitation only. In 1950, there was no final; the article is about the decisive match of the final group stage.
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