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Super Mario Bros. theme
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Super Mario Bros. theme
The above three bars of the theme in its original appearance from Super Mario Bros.
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The "Super Mario Bros. theme", officially known as the "Ground Theme" (地上BGM, Chijō BGM, lit. "Aboveground BGM") or Overworld Theme,[1][2] is a musical theme originally heard in the first stage of the 1985 Nintendo Entertainment System video game Super Mario Bros.. It was one of six themes composed for the game by Nintendo sound designer Koji Kondo, who found it to be the most difficult track to compose for it. The theme has a calypso rhythm and usually receives a corresponding orchestration in games whose sound synthesizers can imitate steel drums.
Since being included in Super Mario Bros., it went on to become the theme of the series, and has been a fixture in most of its titles. It has been reused and remixed in other Nintendo-published games, including Tetris DS, Nintendogs: Chihuahua and Friends, WarioWare, Inc.: Mega Microgames!, and every entry in the Super Smash Bros. series.
Contents
[hide]
1 Composition
1.1 Use in other media
2 Concerts and performances
3 Lyrics
4 Sheet music
5 Legacy
6 References
Composition[edit]
This theme took the longest of the six tracks of Super Mario Bros. to compose, according to its composer Koji Kondo. He stated that he would write one piece, and the team would put it in the game. If it did not accentuate the action, did not time up with Mario running and jumping, or did not harmonize with the sound effects well enough, he would scrap it.[3] He used only a small keyboard to compose the music.[4] The first theme he made for Super Mario Bros. was based on an early prototype of the game, which simply showed Mario running around a big empty area. Kondo described this early theme as a bit lazier, slower tempo, and more laid back. As the game underwent changes, he realized that his theme no longer fit, so he increased the pace and changed it around to fit better.[5] In an interview, Kondo explained that when coming up with music compositions, they come to him during everyday activities.[6]
Kondo was given complete creative freedom over the soundtrack of Super Mario Bros., and would collaborate with Shigeru Miyamoto, the game's director, through their daily interactions. Miyamoto would share his records and music scores of the type of themes he liked with Kondo, but did not tell him exactly what he wanted.[5] It was composed with a Latin rhythm.[1][7] Should the stage's clock to run down to less than 100 seconds, the tempo will accelerate.[8] At the Game Developers Conference in 2007, Kondo commented that the theme features rhythm, balance, and interactivity. He demonstrated this with a short clip of Super Mario Bros., showing the character's movements and players' button presses syncing with the beat of the music. He also added that the theme reflects the action-oriented gameplay of the series.[8] Kondo states that he doesn't know if he could make a theme that is catchier than this one, but he would like to try.[5]
Use in other media[edit]
The theme was reused in multiple other media, including the anime film Super Mario Bros.: Peach-Hime Kyushutsu Dai Sakusen! and The Super Mario Bros. Super Show! television series.
Japanese lyrics were originally submitted in 1985 by fans of the Japanese radio program Takao Komine All Night Nippon. The recorded version of the song with lyrics was released under the name "Go Go Mario!!".[9][10]
The theme song in The Super Mario Bros. Super Show!, titled "Do the Mario" included lyrics, and was performed by Lou Albano, who also portrayed the character in the show. The song can be heard briefly at the very beginning of the Super Mario Bros. film. The theme was also used as a dance number on the U.S. television series Dancing with the Stars.[11]
Concerts and performances[edit]
The song was first performed live on All Night Nippon in 1986.[12][13] The theme has been featured in many concerts, including "PLAY! Chicago",[14] the Columbus Symphony,[15] the Mario & Zelda Big Band Live,[16] Play! A Video Game Symphony,[17] and others. The Video Games Live concert featured the theme performed by Kondo.[5] In December 2016, Mario series creator Shigeru Miyamoto performed the theme on guitar with American hip hop group The Roots on The Tonight Show Starring Jimmy Fallon.[18]
Lyrics[edit]
A version of the song accompanied by lyrics was released in 1986. The song was called Go Go Mario, and is accredited to Princess Peach. The song was also released on vinyl, called Mario No Daibouken.[19][20]
Sheet music[edit]
For decades, Nintendo had not published official sheet music for Kondo's compositions, but high demand for Mario sheet music led a number of fans to release their own arrangements online, often simplifying or interpreting the original version rather than accurately transcribing it.[21]
Notation of the theme's first three bars, which have become well known
In 2011, Alfred Music published three officially licensed music folios of the music from Super Mario Bros., one for easy piano[22], one for intermediate/advanced piano, and one for guitar.[23] These were followed in 2013 by three more Super Mario folios, an easy piano and an intermediate/advanced piano version of the music from Super Mario Bros. Wii, and a folio of jazz styled arrangements of many of the key Super Mario Bros. themes.[24] All six folios contain sheet music arrangements approved by Nintendo of the Super Mario Bros. theme.
Legacy[edit]
Nintendo sound designer Koji Kondo was responsible for composing the theme
In an article about Kondo, Wired.com editor Chris Kohler described the theme as one of the most famous in the world, and that it gets into your head quickly and won't leave.[3] Jeremy Parish of 1UP.com called it one of the most memorable tracks in video game history.[8] Netjak editor Rick Healey commented that though MTV tried to make the quintessential song of the '80s, Nintendo beat them to the punch with the Super Mario Bros. theme.[25] Editors Jeff Dickerson and Luke Smith of The Michigan Daily newspaper commented that if you were to ask a random student to hum the theme, they would likely know every note.[26] Sam Kennedy, also an editor for 1UP.com, stated that anyone who lived through the '80s can hum the theme, and that most people remember it to this day.[5]
Video game music composer Tommy Tallarico cited Kondo as his inspiration for why he got into music, commenting that when he first heard this theme, it was the first time he thought music in video games really existed.[3] Mario voice actor Charles Martinet commented that "The first time I ever played a Mario game, I started at about 4 in the evening and played until daylight. I laid down on the bed, closed my eyes, and I could hear that music – ba dum bum ba dum DUM!"[3] Former Final Fantasy series composer Nobuo Uematsu called Kondo one of the best video game composers in the industry, commenting that he was sure everyone in the world who has come across the Super Mario Bros. theme, regardless of borderlines or age, will never forget it, while also adding that it should become the new national anthem of Japan.[27] In an interview with Kondo, 1UP.com editor Sam Kennedy stated that Paul and Linda McCartney visited Kondo in Japan and enjoyed the theme.[5]
The ringtone version of the theme has proven very popular in the United States, having been on the top ten most downloaded ringtones for 112 straight weeks as of November 2004.[28] It sold approximately 747,900 in the United States in 2006.[29]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Masahiro Sakurai (2008-01-23). "Super Mario Bros.: Ground Theme". Smash Bros. Dojo!!. Nintendo, HAL Laboratory, Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-12.
Jump up ^ Masahiro Sakurai (2008-01-23). "スーパーマリオブラザーズ：地上BGM". スマブラ拳!!. Nintendo, HAL Laboratory, Inc. Retrieved 2010-09-12.
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Behind the Mario Maestro's Music". Wired. 2007-03-15. Retrieved 2009-02-12.
Jump up ^ "Interview with Koji Kondo (Electronic Gaming Monthly)". Square Enix Music Online. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f "Super Mario Bros. Composer Koji Kondo Interview". 1UP.com. 2007-10-19. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Super Mario Bros. Composer Koji Kondo Pt. 2". 1UP.com. 2007-10-19. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
Jump up ^ Brophy-Warren, Jamin (2008-10-24). "A New Game for Super Mario's maestro". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
^ Jump up to: a b c "GDC 2007: Mario Maestro Shares His Secrets". 1UP.com. 2007-03-07. Retrieved 2009-02-16.
Jump up ^ "The Mario Bros. Theme Has Lyrics". Kotaku. 2015-12-01.
Jump up ^ "You can now sing the Super Mario Bros. theme at karaoke boxes in Japan". RocketNews24. 2015-12-01.
Jump up ^ Brasted, Chelsea (24 November 2014). "Sadie Robertson heads to 'Dancing With The Stars' finale with Super Mario Bros. freestyle". NOLA Media Group. Retrieved 25 November 2014.
Jump up ^ "「スーパーマリオ」意外に知らない"名前の秘密"｜ニフティニュース". Nifty Corporation (in Japanese). May 8, 2017. Retrieved June 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kohler, Chris (June 14, 2017). "I Can't Stop Listening To The Mario Odyssey Theme Song". Kotaku. Retrieved June 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Super Mario Bros. and Zelda composer Koji Kondo to attend PLAY! Chicago". Music 4 Games. 2006-04-14. Archived from the original on 2009-02-25.
Jump up ^ "Symphony piles up points with video-game concert". The Columbus Dispatch. 2007-04-27. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Mario & Zelda Big Band Live". The Mushroom Kingdom. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "I hear a video game symphony". Pop Journalism. 2006-09-27. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ Ricker, Thomas. "Watch Miyamoto play the Super Mario Bros theme song with The Roots". The Verge. Retrieved 10 December 2016.
Jump up ^ "Super Mario Brothers – Mario No Daibouken (Mario's Big Adventure)". Discogs.com.
Jump up ^ http://entertainment.ie/gaming/Wait-the-Super-Mario-Bros-theme-song-had-lyrics/390874.htm
Jump up ^ "MarHIio Piano Sheet Music". MarioPiano.com. Retrieved 2009-12-28.
Jump up ^ "Super Mario™ Series for Easy Piano". alfred.com.
Jump up ^ "Super Mario™ Series for Guitar". alfred.com.
Jump up ^ "Super Mario™ Jazz Piano Arrangements". alfred.com.
Jump up ^ "Gaming's Greatest Hits". Netjak. 2004-08-19. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "Underworld theme, Aeris theme video games are more than scores". The Michigan Daily. 2001-11-15. Retrieved 2009-02-13.
Jump up ^ "A Day in the Life of Nobuo Uematsu". 1UP.com. 2008-02-15. Retrieved 2009-02-15.
Jump up ^ "Mario ringtone marks over two years on charts. Who knew?". Joystiq. 2006-12-07. Retrieved 2014-05-22.
Jump up ^ "Top selling ring tones in the US for 2006". Moco News. 2007-01-04. Archived from the original on 2011-10-08. Retrieved 2014-05-22.
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List of most streamed artists on Spotify
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
No. 1 is Drake with 60 million monthly listeners.
No. 2 is J Balvin with 49 million monthly listeners.
No. 3 is Calvin Harris with 43 million monthly listeners.
This list of most-streamed artists on Spotify contains the top 20 artists with the most monthly streams, as derived from Spotify charts in July 2018. Drake is currently the most streamed artist on Spotify with over 60 million monthly listeners and also the most streamed artist of all time with over 12 billion combined streams. Ed Sheeran is the artist with the most followers with over 27 million.
Contents
[hide]
1 Most streamed artists
1.1 Monthly
1.2 All-time
2 Most followers
3 Peak position on chart
4 Most streamed artists by year
4.1 2017
4.2 2016
4.3 2015
4.4 2014
4.5 2013
5 See also
6 References
Most streamed artists[edit]
Non-English speaking
Monthly[edit]
Rank
Artist
Monthly listeners
(millions)
Country
Ref(s)
1. Drake 60 CAN [1]
2. J Balvin 49 COL [2]
3. Calvin Harris 43 GBR [3]
4. Dua Lipa [4]
5. Maroon 5 42 USA [5]
6. Post Malone 41 [6]
7. Ed Sheeran 39 GBR [7]
8. Bad Bunny PRI [8]
9. Khalid USA [9]
10. Demi Lovato 38 [10]
11. Imagine Dragons 37 [11]
12. David Guetta FRA [12]
13. Sia 36 AUS [13]
14. Cardi B USA [14]
15. Ariana Grande 35 [15]
16. Nicki Minaj TTO [16]
17. Selena Gomez USA [17]
18. Clean Bandit 33 GBR [18]
19. XXXTentacion USA [19]
20. Kanye West 32 [20]
As of July 16, 2018
All-time[edit]
This list enumerates the streams artists' song accrued on the Spotify Global Top 200, which is less than the artist's total streams.[21]
Rank
Artist
Total streams
(billions)
Country
1. Drake 12.75 CAN
2. Ed Sheeran 9.05 GBR
3. Justin Bieber 8.69 CAN
4. The Weeknd 5.81
5. Post Malone 5.70 USA
6. J Balvin 5.40 COL
7. The Chainsmokers 5.16 USA
8. Kendrick Lamar 4.57
9. Rihanna 4.49 BAR
10. Ozuna 4.41 PRI
11. Daddy Yankee 4.38
12. Calvin Harris 4.29 GBR
13. Future 3.75 USA
14. Selena Gomez 3.66
15. Bad Bunny 3.57 PRI
16. Ariana Grande 3.46 USA
17. Nicki Minaj 3.43 TTO
18. Sia 3.43 AUS
19. Khalid 3.40 USA
20. Imagine Dragons 3.34
As of July 15, 2018
Most followers[edit]
It has been suggested that this section be split out into another article titled List of most followed artists on Spotify. (Discuss) (July 2018)
No. 1 is Ed Sheeran with over 28 million followers.
No. 2 is Rihanna with over 24 million followers.
No. 3 is Justin Bieber with over 23 million followers.
Also among the 20 most streamed artists
Rank
Artist
Followers
(millions)
Country
Ref(s)
1. Ed Sheeran 28.6 GBR [7]
2. Rihanna 25.1 BAR [22]
3. Justin Bieber 23.7 CAN [23]
4. Drake 23.4 [1]
5. Eminem 18.3 USA [24]
6. Ariana Grande 16.7 [15]
7. David Guetta 15.2 FRA [12]
8. Bruno Mars 14.6 USA [25]
9. Beyoncé 14.5 [26]
10. Taylor Swift 13.7 [27]
11. Coldplay 13.1 GBR [28]
12. Calvin Harris 12.5 [3]
13. Shakira 12.4 COL [29]
14. Maroon 5 12.2 USA [5]
15. Nicki Minaj 11.8 TTO [16]
16. The Weeknd 11.4 CAN [30]
17. Imagine Dragons 10.8 USA [11]
18. Maluma COL [31]
19. Selena Gomez 10.7 USA [17]
20. Katy Perry 10.6 [32]
As of July 16, 2018
Peak position on chart[edit]
Timeline of artists who have held the peak position each month as the most streamed artist since September 2015, when the feature was first made public.[33]
Indicates most streamed artist of the year
Year
Month
Artist
Ref(s)
2015 September The Weeknd [36]
October
November
December Justin Bieber [41]
2016 January
February
March
April Rihanna [42]
May Drake [43]
June.
July
August
September
October
November
December The Weeknd
2017 January
February Ed Sheeran [47]
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
2018 January Ed Sheeran
February
March Drake [48]
April
May
June J Balvin [49]
July Drake
Most streamed artists by year[edit]
Ed Sheeran was the most streamed artist of 2014 and 2017.
Macklemore & Ryan Lewis were the most streamed artists of 2013.
2017[edit]
Spotify's most streamed artist of 2017 was Ed Sheeran with 6.3 billion streams that year. This was his second year topping the list.[50]
Rank
Chg
Artist
Country
1. Ed Sheeran GBR
2. Drake CAN
3. The Weeknd
4. Kendrick Lamar USA
5. The Chainsmokers
2016[edit]
Spotify's most streamed artist of 2016 was Drake with 4.7 billion streams that year. He topped the list for a second year in a row.[51]
Rank
Chg
Artist
Country
1. Drake CAN
2. Justin Bieber
3. Rihanna BAR
4. Twenty One Pilots USA
5. Kanye West
2015[edit]
Spotify's most streamed artist of 2015 was Drake with 1.8 billion streams that year.[52]
Rank
Chg
Artist
Country
1. Drake CAN
2. Ed Sheeran GBR
3. The Weeknd CAN
4. Maroon 5 USA
5. Kanye West
2014[edit]
Spotify's most streamed artist of 2014 was Ed Sheeran with 860 million streams that year.[53]
Rank
Chg
Artist
Country
1. Ed Sheeran GBR
2. Eminem USA
3. Coldplay GBR
4. Calvin Harris
5. Katy Perry USA
2013[edit]
Spotify's most streamed artists of 2013 were Macklemore & Ryan Lewis.[54]
Rank
Artist
Country
1. Macklemore & Ryan Lewis USA
2. Avicii SWE
3. Daft Punk FRA
4. Eminem USA
5. Imagine Dragons
6. Jay-Z
7. Bruno Mars
8. Rihanna BAR
9. Calvin Harris GBR
10. Drake CAN
See also[edit]
List of most streamed songs on Spotify
List of most-subscribed YouTube channels
List of most-followed Twitter accounts
List of most-followed Instagram accounts
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Drake". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "J Balvin". Spotify. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Calvin Harris". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Dua Lipa". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Maroon 5". Spotify. Retrieved June 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Post Malone". Spotify. Retrieved April 19, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ed Sheeran". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bad Bunny". Spotify. Retrieved July 2, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Khalid". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Demi Lovato". Spotify. Retrieved June 11, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Imagine Dragons". Spotify. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "David Guetta". Spotify. Retrieved June 15, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Sia". Spotify. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Cardi B". Spotify.com. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Ariana Grande". Spotify. Retrieved June 6, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Nicki Minaj". Spotify. Retrieved June 25, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b "Selena Gomez". Spotify. Retrieved June 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Clean Bandit". Spotify. Retrieved June 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "XXXTentacion". Spotify. Retrieved April 30, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Kanye West". Spotify. Retrieved June 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ Spotify Chart History
Jump up ^ "Rihanna". Spotify. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Justin Bieber". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Eminem". Spotify. Retrieved May 5, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bruno Mars". Spotify. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Beyoncé". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Taylor Swift". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Coldplay". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Shakira". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "The Weeknd". Spotify. Retrieved June 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Maluma". Spotify. Retrieved May 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Katy Perry". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ Spotify’s new About tab reveals artists’ monthly listeners
Jump up ^ The Weeknd tops Spotify artists chart with 24m monthly listeners
Jump up ^ Spotify's new Number of Monthly Listeners stat / chart is pretty interesting (The Weeknd currently #1 in the world).
Jump up ^ [34][35]
Jump up ^ The most listened artist on Spotify is Justin Bieber. And you still ask why the aliens didn't come to Earth.
Jump up ^ Justin Bieber ranks the #1 most popular artist on Spotify w/ over 4 million followers & 31 million monthly listeners
Jump up ^ Justin Bieber is most popular Spotify artist with 31.7 million monthly listeners. Can you guess who is in second and third? Hint: Adele 4th
Jump up ^ Justin Bieber got the most number of monthly listener in spotify.
Jump up ^ [37][38][39][40]
Jump up ^ Rihanna has bypassed Justin Bieber as the number one artist on Spotify, with over 31 million monthly listeners!
Jump up ^ Ingham, Tim (December 1, 2016). "Drake finally loses his Spotify crown to record-breaking The Weeknd". Music Business Worldwide. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ Ed Sheeran is now officially the biggest artist on Spotify worldwide
Jump up ^ Artists with the most monthly listeners on Spotify currently: Ed Sheeran, The Chainsmokers, Drake, Coldplay
Jump up ^ Taylor is now the second most listened to artist on Spotify with 36M+ monthly listeners - right behind Ed Sheeran 🎶🎵
Jump up ^ [44][45][46]
Jump up ^ Drake is back in 1st place with more monthly listeners on Spotify.
Jump up ^ J Balvin Is the Most Streamed Artist Worldwide on Spotify, Replacing Drake
Jump up ^ Associated Press (December 12, 2017). "Ed Sheeran Tops Spotify's 2017 Most-Streamed List". Billboard. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ Stutz, Colin (December 1, 2016). "Drake & Rihanna Top Spotify's Year-End Lists". Billboard. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ The Spotify Team (December 1, 2015). "Drake Is The World's Most Streamed Artist on Spotify for 2015". Spotify. Retrieved March 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ed Sheeran is Spotify's most-streamed artist of 2014". BBC News. December 3, 2014. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
Jump up ^ The Spotify Team (December 17, 2013). "Spotify reveals Macklemore & Ryan Lewis are 2013's most-streamed artists". Spotify. Retrieved March 29, 2018.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_most_streamed_artists_on_Spotify&oldid=850479776"
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Waivers (NHL)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Former NHL All-Star Wade Redden was waived in 2010 by the New York Rangers[1]
Waivers is a National Hockey League (NHL) labor management procedure by which an NHL team makes a professional ice hockey player's contract and rights available to all other NHL teams. Other NHL teams "waive" any claim to a player designated for assignment in the American Hockey League (AHL) or designated for release. The process is typically referred to as "being placed on waivers."
Contents
1 Minor league assignment procedure
2 Re-entry waivers
3 Return waivers
4 Unconditional waivers
5 Use of waivers in salary cap era
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Minor league assignment procedure[edit]
In the NHL, each player signs what is, or is a variation of, a standard NHL player's contract. The contract specifies that the team has exclusive rights to the player playing in the NHL. Once an NHL player has played in a certain number of games or a set number of seasons has passed since the signing of his first NHL contract (see here), that player must be offered to all of the other NHL teams before he can be assigned to a minor league affiliate.[2] In the 2005 Collective Bargaining Agreement (CBA) assignment waivers applies only to loans from an NHL club to its American Hockey League (AHL) affiliate.[3]
After a player has been designated for assignment, the other 30 NHL teams can put in a claim or waive their claim for that player. The claims process starts at noon Eastern Time and ends 24 hours later. If only one team makes a claim for the player, then he will be transferred to the claiming team. If more than one team makes a claim, then the player will be transferred to the team having the lowest percentage of possible points in league standings at the time of the request for waivers. When a waiver claim has been secured, the claiming team must pay a transfer fee to the original club, though this fee is not counted against the salary cap. If waivers are requested outside the playing season, or before November 1, then the player shall be transferred to the team with the lowest points in the preceding season.[4] If no team places a claim, the player can be sent to a minor league affiliate.
When a player clears waivers and is sent down and then is called up again, he does not have to clear waivers to be sent down again unless he has played ten games or has been "up" for 30 days.[4]
Re-entry waivers[edit]
The 2005 NHL-NHLPA collective bargaining agreement (CBA) introduced "re-entry waivers." With limited exceptions, any player who was subject to waivers before assignment to the minors must clear re-entry waivers before being called back up if said player is on a one-way contract or a two-way contract with an AHL salary in excess of $105,000. Exceptions are players who have played in over 320 professional games (180 for goaltenders) and have not spent more than 80 games on an NHL roster in the past two seasons or 40 games during the previous season. The procedure to make a claim on re-entry waivers is the same; however, teams who claim players on re-entry waivers are only responsible for half the salary and cap hit, while the original team is responsible for the other half, unless the claimed player is later assigned to the AHL again before his contract has expired, in which case the salary and cap hit comes off the books of both teams.
The CBA ratified in January 2013 eliminated re-entry waivers.[5]
Return waivers[edit]
Players who play ice hockey outside North America during a regular season and who are not on loan from or whose playing rights are not already owned by an NHL club (that is, the player is not already on a team's 90-player reserve list such as a qualified restricted free agent or a draft pick) must also be placed on waivers if they are signed to play in the NHL. If the player is picked up by another NHL club on waivers, the player must be placed on waivers again before a further trade or loan can take place.[6]
Unconditional waivers[edit]
A third type of waivers, "unconditional waivers," applies when a player is to be given an unconditional release from his contract. NHL teams give notice to the player and the league that they intend to buy-out a player's rights under the terms of the CBA. In this case, the waiver period is 48 hours. These waivers can only be requested during two periods:
Between June 15, or 48 hours after the conclusion of the Stanley Cup Final series if it ends later, and June 30 of each year.
If a club has team- or player-elected salary arbitration cases, within 48 hours of the last arbitration award or settlement of the last arbitration case prior to the arbitration hearing.[7]
Such a player must have been on a club's 90-player reserve list at the previous trade deadline.[8]
Use of waivers in salary cap era[edit]
Further information: NHL salary cap
Salaries of players playing for an NHL team count against its salary cap, while the salaries of players playing for a team's minor league affiliates do not. NHL teams have waived players with high salaries, thereby freeing up salary cap space for other signings. In 2010, Wade Redden of the New York Rangers,[1] Sheldon Souray of the Edmonton Oilers and Jeff Finger of the Toronto Maple Leafs[9] were all assigned to their team's AHL affiliate without any other team putting in a claim.
In a more interesting case, following the 2011 NHL pre-season, forward Sean Avery of the New York Rangers was waived to the AHL. As Avery had been claimed off re-entry waivers from the Dallas Stars, the cap hit had been split between the Rangers and Stars, but when Avery was demoted to the AHL again, the cap hit came off both teams' books. As a result, the Stars, who had been using Avery's re-entry waiver loss to reach the salary floor for the 2011–12 season, had to trade for winger Eric Nystrom to reach the salary floor.
Under the 2005 CBA, if an NHL player is being sent to an NHL affiliate team in the AHL and is put through waivers and clears successfully, then his salary will not count against the respective NHL team's salary cap. The player is still paid his full salary. There is an exception to this rule; if the player has a contract that took effect after a player's 35th birthday, then that player's salary would still count against the NHL cap. Under the 2013 CBA, a team only derives a specific savings from demoting a player on a one-way contract to the AHL. This savings is calculated as league minimum plus $375,000.
If a player is claimed on waivers, then the claiming team is responsible for the rest of their contract.
Re-entry waivers had existed under the 2005 CBA, under which if a player cleared waivers and was sent down to the minors, and then recalled during the season, and his salary was more than $105,000 in the AHL (essentially, any player not on an entry-level or two-way contract), he was subject to re-entry waivers where if a team claimed him they are only responsible for half the salary for the remainder of the contract. Re-entry waivers were eliminated in the 2013 CBA.
See also[edit]
Waivers (disambiguation)
NHL salary cap
NHL Collective Bargaining Agreement
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Rangers Waive Redden". NHL.com. September 25, 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-25.
Jump up ^ Podnieks 2007, p. 235.
Jump up ^ NHL & NHLPA 2005, p. 70.
^ Jump up to: a b "NHLSCAP.com – Information on Waivers". nhlscap.com. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
Jump up ^ Mirtle, James (January 8, 2013). "Lesser known gains for NHL players in the new CBA". Globe & Mail. Retrieved September 20, 2015.
Jump up ^ NHL & NHLPA 2005, p. 77.
Jump up ^ NHL & NHLPA 2005, p. 251.
Jump up ^ Hockey 411: Roster Limits – Committed Indians | Committed Indians
Jump up ^ "Finger Being A Mentor For Young Marlies". Toronto Maple Leafs. November 18, 2010. Retrieved November 29, 2010.
Podnieks, Andrew (2007). The Complete Hockey Dictionary. Fenn Books. ISBN 978-1-55168-309-6.
NHL; NHLPA (2005), Collective Bargaining Agreement Between National Hockey League and National Hockey League Players' Association (PDF)
External links[edit]
Collective Bargaining Agreement between the NHL and the NHLPA
NHLSCAP.com: Waivers and re-entry waivers
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Waivers_(NHL)&oldid=803633809"
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It's Been a Long, Long Time
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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1945 recording by Bing Crosby with Les Paul And His Trio on Decca.
"It's Been a Long, Long Time"
Song by Harry James and Kitty Kallen
Released
1945
Genre
Pop
Length
3:24
Songwriter(s)
Jule Styne, Sammy Cahn
"It's Been A Long, Long Time" is a 1945 popular song, written by Jule Styne and Sammy Cahn, that became a major hit at the end of World War II.[1] The lyrics are written from the perspective of a person welcoming home his or her spouse or lover at the end of the war.
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Other Notable Recordings
3 References
4 Sources
Background[edit]
The lyrics to the song were originally written by James Terlingo in 1932. The copyright by James Terlingo in 1932 took place on March 29, 1932. Terlingo later sold the rights to the song.
The music was written by Jule Styne and the lyrics were written by Sammy Cahn:
“Kiss me once and kiss me twice and kiss me once again. It's been a long, long time....”
A recording by Harry James with vocal by Kitty Kallen.[1] reached No. 1 on the Billboard Hot 100 chart on November 24, 1945.[2] An alternate version by Bing Crosby (recorded July 12, 1945)[3] accompanied by The Les Paul Trio was also working its way up the charts.[4] It replaced the James' version at No. 1 on December 8, 1945.[5] Crosby's lasted a week at No. 1, ousted by Sammy Kaye's "Chickery Chick." The Harry James recording then returned to the top spot on December 22 for another week.
In 1945, it was standard practice in the record industry for labels to release "competing" versions of hit songs. Other recordings of "It's Been a Long, Long Time" that charted in 1945 were recorded by Charlie Spivak & His Orchestra (with vocal by Irene Daye)[6] and Stan Kenton & His Orchestra (vocal by June Christy).[7]
Crosby's version features some memorable guitar by Les Paul, who recalled in an interview printed in Mojo magazine: "Bing was a sucker for guitar and that particular song was a case of you don't have to play a lot of notes, you just have to play the right notes."[8]
The song quickly became a pop standard, with well received versions recorded by The DeMarco Sisters (1945[9]), June Haver & Dan Dailey (1950), Perry Como (1956), Al Hibbler (1956), Peggy Lee (1959), Keely Smith (1959), Louis Armstrong (1964), and Tom Jones (1966). Frank Sinatra did not make a studio recording of the song, but sang a version on his radio show (Your Hit Parade, 1945) that has appeared on many Sinatra compilation albums.
Other Notable Recordings[edit]
Other artists who have recorded it include Doris Day (on her 1965 "Sentimental Journey" album), Guy Mitchell,[10] Sammy Cahn, Shelley Fabares for her album Shelley!, Helen Forrest (with Harry James), Sammy Kaye, The Ink Spots, Tina Louise, Jimmy Roselli, Brook Benton, Rosemary Clooney, Chet Atkins (with Les Paul on their album Chester and Lester), Al Hirt released a version on his 1965 album, They're Playing Our Song,[11] and Star Trek: The Next Generation's Brent Spiner on his 1991 album, Ol' Yellow Eyes Is Back.
It appeared on the Studio B album of Elvis Presley's Nashville outtakes as "Kiss Me Once".
The song was also included in the 1950 film I'll Get By when it was sung and danced by June Haver, Gloria DeHaven and Dan Dailey. It was also used as a bonus track on the soundtrack of Captain America: The Winter Soldier.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Gilliland, John (1994). Pop Chronicles the 40s: The Lively Story of Pop Music in the 40s (audiobook). ISBN 978-1-55935-147-8. OCLC 31611854. Tape 2, side A.
Jump up ^ It's Been a Long, Long Time: 1945
Jump up ^ "A Bing Crosby Discography". BING magazine. International Club Crosby. Retrieved September 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Gilliland 1994, tape 3, side A.
Jump up ^ Song artist 3 - Bing Crosby. tsort.org.
Jump up ^ Best of Big Band 1945
Jump up ^ Stan Kenton & His Orchestra, 1945
Jump up ^ It's Been A Long, Long Time Songfacts
Jump up ^ The Five DeMarco Sisters (Majestic). Billboard. December 15, 1945.
Jump up ^ Guy Mitchell, The Collection
Jump up ^ Al Hirt, They're Playing Our Song Retrieved April 13, 2013.
Sources[edit]
Grudens, Richard (2002). Bing Crosby: Crooner of the Century. Celebrity Profiles Publishing Co. ISBN 1-57579-248-6.
Macfarlane, Malcolm. Bing Crosby: Day By Day. Scarecrow Press, 2001.
Osterholm, J. Roger. Bing Crosby: A Bio-Bibliography. Greenwood Press, 1994.
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Harry James
Singles
"Goodnight, My Love"
"Sing, Sing, Sing (With a Swing)"
"One O'Clock Jump"
"It's the Dreamer in Me"
"Boo-Woo"
"Woo-Woo"
"I Found a New Baby"
"Ciribiribin"
"The Flight of the Bumblebee"
"You Made Me Love You"
"Misirlou"
"I Don't Want to Walk Without You"
"Easter Parade"
"Sleepy Lagoon"
"Skylark"
"I Remember You"
"But Not for Me"
"I Cried for You"
"Mr. Five by Five"
"I Had the Craziest Dream"
"Manhattan Serenade"
"I've Heard That Song Before"
"Moonlight Becomes You"
"All or Nothing at All"
"I'll Get By (As Long as I Have You)"
"On a Little Street in Singapore"
"Memphis Blues"
"I'm Beginning to See the Light"
"Guess I'll Hang My Tears Out to Dry"
"The More I See You"
"If I Loved You"
"It's Been a Long, Long Time"
"I Can't Begin to Tell You"
"I'm Always Chasing Rainbows"
"Who's Sorry Now"
"Heartaches"
"Jalousie (Jealousy)"
"Stella by Starlight"
"Mona Lisa"
"Would I Love You (Love You, Love You)"
"You'll Never Know"
Albums
Boogie Woogie
Harry James And His Orchestra 1948-49
Young Man with a Horn
Wild About Harry!
The New James
Harry's Choice!
Related articles
"Everything but You"
Louise Tobin
Betty Grable
Book:Harry James
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=It%27s_Been_a_Long,_Long_Time&oldid=847128019"
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