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Steve Zahn
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Steve Zahn
Zahn in 2008
Born
Steven James Zahn
(1967-11-13) November 13, 1967 (age 50)
Marshall, Minnesota, U.S.
Occupation
Actor, comedian
Years active
1990–present
Spouse(s)
Robyn Peterman (m. 1994)
Children
2
Steven James Zahn (/zɑːn/; born November 13, 1967) is an American actor and comedian. His films include Reality Bites (1994), That Thing You Do! (1996), Out of Sight (1998), Happy, Texas (1999), Riding in Cars with Boys (2001), Shattered Glass (2003), Rescue Dawn (2007), the Diary of a Wimpy Kid movies, Dallas Buyers Club (2013), and War for the Planet of the Apes (2017).
Zahn did voice acting in Chicken Little (2005), Escape from Planet Earth (2013), and The Good Dinosaur (2015). He has also worked regularly in television, including the recurring role of Davis McAlary on HBO's Treme (2010 to 2013).
Contents
[hide]
1 Early life
2 Career
3 Personal life
4 Filmography
4.1 Film
4.2 Television
4.3 Video games
5 References
6 External links
Early life[edit]
Zahn was born in Marshall, Minnesota, the son of Carleton Edward Zahn, a Lutheran minister, and Zelda Clair Zahn, a bookstore clerk and later a YMCA administrator.[1] His father is of German and Swedish descent, and his mother is of German ancestry.[citation needed] Zahn spent part of his childhood in Mankato, Minnesota, attending Kennedy Elementary School, and moved to the suburbs of Minneapolis for high school, where he acted in school plays and became a two-time Minnesota state speech champion.[2][3] He graduated from Robbinsdale Cooper High School in 1986, planning eventually to join the United States Marine Corps.[2]
Career[edit]
Zahn with Jennifer Aniston at the premiere of the movie Management, in which they both starred, 2008.
Zahn attended Gustavus Adolphus College for one semester but dropped out after seeing the original West End production of Les Misérables. "I remember sitting through the second act thinking, I’m good as that guy standing on the barricade," Zahn recalled. "I wanted to be part of the circus."[4] In 1987, Zahn made his professional stage debut in a Minnesota production of Neil Simon's Biloxi Blues after falsely claiming to be a member of Actors' Equity.[2] His fellow actors suggested that Zahn study acting, inspiring him to enroll in American Repertory Theater's two-year training program.[5] At A.R.T., he worked with the venerated stage director Andrei Șerban.[6]
In 1991, Zahn formed the Malaparte theater company with a group of actor friends, including Ethan Hawke and Robert Sean Leonard.[7] From 1991 to 1992, he played Hugo Peabody in a national tour of Bye Bye Birdie starring Tommy Tune, and subsequently appeared in two Off-Broadway plays, Sophistry and Eric Bogosian's Suburbia.[8]
After his breakout film role in 1994's Reality Bites, Zahn quickly gained a reputation for playing amiable stoners, slackers, and sidekicks in films such as That Thing You Do! (1996), You've Got Mail (1998), and Out of Sight (1998).[9] In the 1990s, Zahn was often approached by fans who assumed that he was an archetypal Generation X slacker, which was not the case. He has said, "I’m the guy who gets up at six without an alarm clock. I was always that guy."[4]
In 1999, Zahn landed his first starring role in the critically acclaimed indie film Happy, Texas, for which he won a Special Jury Award at the Sundance Film Festival.[10] In the wake of Happy, Texas, Zahn began playing darker, more nuanced characters. He received Oscar buzz for his role as Drew Barrymore's deadbeat ex in Riding in Cars with Boys (2001), and played the investigative journalist Adam Penenberg in Shattered Glass (2003).[11] A longtime Werner Herzog fan, Zahn campaigned for the role of Vietnam prisoner of war Duane W. Martin in Herzog's 2007 film Rescue Dawn; to prepare for the role, he lost 40 pounds by eating mostly raw food.[9][5]
Zahn has also worked regularly in television, playing the role of Davis McClary on 36 episodes of HBO's Treme.
In 2017, Zahn played Bad Ape in War for the Planet of the Apes. He researched the role by watching chimp videos on YouTube, and later said that the motion capture process and lengthy digital takes made Bad Ape "the most challenging acting job I’ve ever had".[12][13]
Personal life[edit]
Zahn met the author and theater artist Robyn Peterman in 1991 while they were performing in a national tour of Bye Bye Birdie; Peterman is the daughter of clothier J. Peterman.[1][5] The couple married in 1994 and have two children, Henry (b. 2000) and Audrey (b. 2002). They live on a 360-acre farm outside of Lexington, Kentucky, where Zahn gardens and raises horses, goats, and sheep.[14] He and his wife also run a local community theater, in which Zahn occasionally performs.[4]
Zahn is a lifelong military history buff and has said that one of his biggest regrets was turning down a role in the HBO miniseries Band of Brothers.[15] In 2007, he was awarded an honorary Ph.D in Fine Arts from Northern Kentucky University. A University of Kentucky sports fan, Zahn is often seen at games and events.[citation needed]
Filmography[edit]
Film[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1993 Rain Without Thunder Jeremy Tanner
1994 Reality Bites Sammy Gray
1995 Crimson Tide William Barnes
1996 Race the Sun Hans Kooiman
SubUrbia Buff
That Thing You Do! Lenny Haise
1998 The Object of My Affection Frank Hanson
Out of Sight Glenn Michaels
Safe Men Eddie
You've Got Mail George Pappas
1999 Forces of Nature Alan Nominated — Blockbuster Entertainment Award for Favorite Supporting Actor - Comedy/Romance
Freak Talks About Sex Freak
Happy, Texas Wayne Wayne Wayne Jr., aka David Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male
Special Dramatic Jury Prize for Best Comedic Performance
Nominated — Satellite Award for Best Performance by an Actor in a Motion Picture, Comedy or Musical
Stuart Little Monty (voice)
2000 Chain of Fools Thomas Kresk
Hamlet Rosencrantz
2001 Chelsea Walls Ross
Dr. Dolittle 2 Archie (voice)
Joy Ride Fuller Thomas
Riding in Cars with Boys Ray Hasek
Saving Silverman Wayne
2002 Stuart Little 2 Monty (voice)
2003 Daddy Day Care Marvin
National Security Hank Rafferty
Shattered Glass Adam Penenberg
2004 Employee of the Month Jack
Speak Mr. Freeman
2005 Chicken Little Runt of the Litter (voice)
Sahara Al Giordino
2006 Bandidas Quentin Cooke
2007 Rescue Dawn Duane Nominated — Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male
2008 The Great Buck Howard Kenny
Management Mike Flux
Strange Wilderness Peter Gaulke
Sunshine Cleaning Mac
Unstable Fables: 3 Pigs and a Baby Sandy Pig (voice) Direct-to-DVD
2009 Night Train Pete Dobbs
A Perfect Getaway Cliff Anderson
2010 Calvin Marshall Coach Little
Diary of a Wimpy Kid Frank Heffley
Salesmen Marvin
2011 Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Rodrick Rules Frank Heffley
2012 Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Dog Days
Diary of a Wimpy Kid: Class Clown
2013 Escape from Planet Earth Hawk (voice)
Dallas Buyers Club Tucker Nominated — Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
Knights of Badassdom Eric
2015 The Good Dinosaur Thunderclap (voice)
The Ridiculous 6 Clem
2016 Captain Fantastic Dave Nominated — Screen Actors Guild Award for Outstanding Performance by a Cast in a Motion Picture
2017 War for the Planet of the Apes "Bad Ape" (voice) Also motion-capture
Nominated — Washington D.C. Area Film Critics Association Award for Best Motion Capture Performance
Lean on Pete Silver
2018 Blaze Post-production
Television[edit]
Year
Title
Role
Notes
1990 All My Children Spence Episode #5303
uncredited
1993 South Beach Lane Bailey Episode: "Pirates of the Caribbean"
1995 Friends Duncan "The One with Phoebe's Husband"
Mike & Spike Nick Pickles (voice) Episode: "Person to Clothes"
Picture Windows Crook Episode: "Armed Response"
1997 Liberty! The American Revolution American Sergeant 4 episodes
1998 From the Earth to the Moon Astronaut Elliot See Miniseries
Episode: "Can We Do This?"
2008 Comanche Moon Augustus "Gus" McCrae 3 episodes
2008–2013 Phineas and Ferb Swampy/Sherman (voices) Episode: "Dude, We're Gettin' the Band Back Together!"
2009 Monk Jack Monk, Jr. Episode: "Mr. Monk's Other Brother"
WWII in HD Nolen Marbrey (voice)
2010–2013 Treme Davis McAlary Regular, 36 episodes
2014 Mind Games Clark Edwards Regular
2014–2015 Modern Family Ronnie La Fontaine Recurring Role
2015–2016 Mad Dogs Cobi Series regular
2018–Present The Crossing Jude Ellis Series Lead
Video games[edit]
Year
Title
Role
2005 Chicken Little Runt of the Litter
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Braun, Liz (February 26, 2001). "Steve Zahn has a smart funny humour," Jam!. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Simon, Alex (July 3, 2015). "Great Conversations: Steve Zahn," The Huffington Post Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Covert, Colin (August 18, 2009). "Local boy Steve Zahn grows up," Star Tribune (Minneapolis). Retrieved September 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Riesman, Abraham (July 13, 2017). "Steve Zahn. Seriously." New York. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Copley, Rich (June 23, 2016). "Steve Zahn talks craft and Kentucky at UK’s Singletary Center," Lexington Herald-Leader. Retrieved on September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ O'Sullivan, Michael (July 13, 2007). "Steve Zahn . . . in All Seriousness," The Washington Post. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Sternbergh, Adam (January 31, 2010). "The Ethan Hawke Actors Studio," New York. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Klein, Alvin (March 15, 1992). "Tommy Tune and 'Bye Bye Birdie,'" The New York Times. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Rabin, Nathan (July 3, 2007). "Interview: Steve Zahn," The A.V. Club. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Ojumu, Akin (November 13, 1999). "Steve Zahn's habitual scene-stealing," The Guardian. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Smith, Neil (December 4, 2001). "Riding in Cars with Boys (2001)," BBC. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ Rottenberg, Josh (April 21, 2017). "Why Steve Zahn's 'Bad Ape' in 'War for the Planet of the Apes' made director Matt Reeves cry," Los Angeles Times. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Lammers, Tim (July 13, 2017). "Interview: Steve Zahn Talks 'War of the Planet of the Apes,'" DirectConversations.com. Retrieved September 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Belloni, Matthew (October 27, 2008). "Steve Zahn: What I've Learned," Esquire. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Steve Zahn," interviewed by Doug Boyd (May 29, 2013). Colonel Arthur L. Kelly American Veterans Oral History Collection, University of Kentucky Libraries. Retrieved September 15, 2017.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Steve Zahn.
Steve Zahn on IMDb
Steve Zahn at the Internet Off-Broadway Database
[hide]
v
t
e
Independent Spirit Award for Best Supporting Male
Morgan Freeman (1987)
Lou Diamond Phillips (1988)
Max Perlich (1989)
Bruce Davison (1990)
David Strathairn (1991)
Steve Buscemi (1992)
Christopher Lloyd (1993)
Chazz Palminteri (1994)
Benicio del Toro (1995)
Benicio del Toro (1996)
Jason Lee (1997)
Bill Murray (1998)
Steve Zahn (1999)
Willem Dafoe (2000)
Steve Buscemi (2001)
Dennis Quaid (2002)
Djimon Hounsou (2003)
Thomas Haden Church (2004)
Matt Dillon (2005)
Alan Arkin (2006)
Chiwetel Ejiofor (2007)
James Franco (2008)
Woody Harrelson (2009)
John Hawkes (2010)
Christopher Plummer (2011)
Matthew McConaughey (2012)
Jared Leto (2013)
J. K. Simmons (2014)
Idris Elba (2015)
Ben Foster (2016)
Sam Rockwell (2017)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 85619682
LCCN: no00085987
ISNI: 0000 0001 0784 997X
GND: 140568883
SUDOC: 133384985
BNF: cb14241080m (data)
BIBSYS: 2119027
MusicBrainz: 4d3edc0b-fc38-40fe-b5b7-5eaf1c1fd110
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Steve_Zahn&oldid=833337684"
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Cutting board
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
A cutting board is a durable board on which to place material for cutting. The kitchen cutting board is commonly used in preparing food; other types exist for cutting raw materials such as leather or plastic. Kitchen cutting boards are often made of wood or plastic and come in various widths and sizes. There are also cutting boards made of glass, steel, or marble, which are easier to clean than wooden or plastic ones such as nylon or corian, but tend to damage knives due to their hardness. Rough cutting edges—such as serrated knives—abrade and damage a cutting surface more rapidly than do smooth cutting implements.
Contents
[hide]
1 Materials
1.1 Wood
1.1.1 Bamboo
1.2 Plastic
1.3 Rubber
1.4 Silicone
1.5 Glass
1.6 Steel
2 Hygiene
2.1 Preventing cross contamination of food
2.2 Care of boards
2.2.1 Wooden boards
2.2.2 Plastic boards
2.3 Bacterial contamination
3 See also
4 References
Materials[edit]
A knife edge is a delicate structure and can easily be blunted by too abrasive a surface. Alternatively, it can be chipped if used on a surface that is too hard. A good cutting board material must be soft, easy to clean, and non-abrasive, but not fragile to the point of being destroyed. Hard cutting boards can, however, be used for food preparation tasks that do not require a sharp knife, like cutting cheese or making sandwiches.
Wood[edit]
This wooden cutting board shows signs of scoring after repeated use
Wood has some advantages over plastic in that it is somewhat self-healing; shallow cuts in the wood will close up on their own. Wood also has natural anti-septic properties.[1]
Hardwoods with tightly grained wood and small pores are best for wooden cutting boards. Good hardness and tight grain help reduce scoring of the cutting surface and absorption of liquid and dirt into the surface. Red oak, even though a hardwood, has large pores which retain dirt even after washing. This makes it a poor choice for cutting-board material.
Teak's tight grains and natural coloration make it a highly attractive cutting-board material, both for aesthetic and durability purposes. Teak, a tropical wood, contains tectoquinones, components of natural oily resins that repel moisture, fungi, warping, rot and microbes.[2] Wooden boards can also be refinished with sanding and a reapplication of oil and wax.[3]
Wood boards need to be cared for with an edible mineral oil to avoid warping, and should not be left in puddles of liquid. Ideally, they should be suspended freely while drying. Care must be taken when selecting wood, especially tropical hardwood, for use as a cutting board, as some species contain toxins or allergens.
Bamboo[edit]
Bamboo cutting boards are an alternative to plastic or glass cutting boards, partially because Bamboo is commonly thought to be naturally antimicrobial (although studies show otherwise[4]). During the harvesting process, bamboo is carefully chosen for maturation, markings, and size. The stalk is then cut into specific sizes and sent through a pressing process that strips the stalks into smaller plank-like pieces. Once the bamboo is pliable, a cutting board can be produced from multiple pieces by lamination.
Plastic[edit]
A plastic cutting board
Plastic boards are usually called PE (polyethylene) cutting boards, or HDPE (high-density polyethylene plastic), the material of which these boards are made. There are basically two types of HDPE boards being made. One version is made from injection-molded plastic, while the other is HDPE from an extrusion line.
There are several certifications of plastic cutting boards, one being NSF, that certifies the plastic has passed requirements to come in contact with food. Unlike wood, plastic has no inherent antiseptic properties.[1] However, unlike wood, plastic boards do allow rinsing with harsher cleaning chemicals such as bleach and other disinfectants without damage to the board or retention of the chemicals to later contaminate food.
Most high-density polyethylene plastic (HDPE) boards are specifically designed not to dull the edge of a knife. If a score line is present, the knife is safe. A serrated knife should not be used on a plastic cutting board. The sharper the knife, the longer the cutting board will last. Semi-disposable thin flexible cutting boards also ease transferring their contents to a cooking or storage vessel.
Rubber[edit]
A recent[when?] trend has seen thick solid rubber pads used as cutting boards in the Sani-Tuff line popular in restaurant kitchens. They are about as expensive as well-made wood boards, they can take chemical disinfectants, and they are very heavy for their size, so they tend not to slip. Proponents[who?] claim remarkable self-healing properties, the same knife protection as good plastic or wood boards, and an inability to harbor significant amounts of moisture or bacteria.
Silicone[edit]
Like rubber, silicone is soft on the blade, while being just as self-healing and anti-bacterial as wood. Silicone is also heat-resistant, and lacks the rubbery smell of rubber boards.
Glass[edit]
While glass looks like an easy surface to keep clean, glass cutting boards can damage knives because of the high hardness of the material. Cutting on glass tends to dent, roll or even chip knife edges in a rapid manner. Additionally, if used for chopping instead of slicing, glass can shatter or chip itself, contaminating food. They last for around 6 years[citation needed].
Steel[edit]
Steel shares with glass the advantages of the durability and ease of cleaning, as well as the tendency to damage knives. Depending on the exact steel and heat treatment used, at best a steel cutting board will wear the edge on knives quickly; at worst chip, dent, or roll it like glass.
Hygiene[edit]
Sanitation with cutting boards is a delicate process because bacteria can reside in grooves produced by cutting, or in liquids left on the board.
Preventing cross contamination of food[edit]
Bacteria or allergens can easily be transmitted from one part of the kitchen to another or from one food to another via knives, hands, or surfaces such as chopping boards. To reduce the chance of this it is advised to use separate boards for different types of food such as raw meat, cooked meat, dairy and vegetables. Many professional kitchens follow this standard colour-coding system.[5]
Blue cutting boards: raw seafood.
Red cutting boards: raw red meat.
Green cutting boards: vegetables and fruits.
Yellow cutting boards: poultry
Brown cutting boards: cooked meat
White cutting boards: dairy and breads (also for universal if no other board is available.)
Care of boards[edit]
Regardless of the material, regular maintenance of a cutting board is important. A very diluted bleach solution is best for disinfecting cutting boards.[citation needed] To remove odors, the board can be rinsed and then rubbed with coarse salt and left to stand for several minutes before being wiped and rinsed clean. In a wooden board, this procedure will also smooth out minor imperfections on the surface.
Wooden boards[edit]
Wooden boards should never be placed in the dishwasher, or left immersed for long periods, as the wood or glue may be affected. To prevent cracking, cutting boards can be treated when they start looking dry. A standard recommendation is 5–7 times a year, or as needed. A light food-grade mineral oil is a good preservative for wooden cutting boards, as it helps keep water from seeping into the grain. Alternatively, one may also use a food-grade drying oil such as poppyseed oil, tung oil or linseed oil. The first two dry much faster than linseed.
Most commercially available linseed and tung oils are not “food grade”, as they contain metallic driers. In general, edible savory vegetable or olive oils are not recommended because they tend to go rancid, causing the board to smell and food to pick up the rancid taste. When heavily or deeply scored, wooden boards need to be resurfaced as scoring can harbour bacteria. Boards can be easily resurfaced with various woodworking tools, such as scrapers or planes, even sandpaper.
Plastic boards[edit]
Unlike wood, most plastic boards are non-porous, which means that bacteria can't enter below the surface. It is still equally as important to clean the boards thoroughly after each use as bacteria can lie and grow in any imperfections on the surface. Although many boards are dishwasher safe, both domestic and professional boards which are HDPE will be warped by the hot water, making them unsafe. When heavily or deeply scored, boards need to be resurfaced as scoring can harbour mildew and bacteria. However, resurfacing a plastic cutting board is quite difficult and replacing it is recommended instead.
Bacterial contamination[edit]
One 1994 study found that wood was more likely to retain bacterial contamination,[6] while another 1994 study found the opposite.[7] In 2002, another study found that pine wood in particular had antibacterial properties, while two other types of wood did not reduce bacteria relative to plastic.[8]
While pine has been found to have antibacterial properties, it is not typically used as a cutting board because it is a "softwood".[9]
In 2005, a study found that oak was followed by pine in antibacterial properties.[10] Oak is also not a common cutting board material due to its relatively large pore size.[9]
Another study in 2012 found that bamboo had high antimicrobial activity compared to other woods.[11]
In 2016, a literature review summarizing wood and microbial safety was published.[12]
See also[edit]
Butcher block
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to cutting boards.
^ Jump up to: a b Ak N, Cliver D, Kaspari C (1994). "Cutting Boards of Plastic and Wood Contaminated Experimentally with Bacteria". Journal of Food Protection. 57 (1): 16–22. PDF fulltext
Jump up ^ "Equipment: Cutting Boards". Cook's Illustrated magazine. 1 September 2011. Retrieved 10 September 2011.
Jump up ^ "How To Refinish a Cutting Board - Sawed Off Woodworks". Sawed Off Woodworks. Retrieved 2016-03-15.
Jump up ^ Xi, Lixia; Qin, Daochun; An, Xin & Wang, Ge (2013-10-31). "Resistance of Natural Bamboo Fiber to Microorganisms and Factors that May Affect Such Resistance" (PDF). BioResources. 8 (4): 6501–6509. Retrieved 2014-10-06.
Jump up ^ "Food Hygiene Regulations 2006".
Jump up ^ Abrishami, Simin H.; Tall, Ben D.; Bruursema, Thomas J.; Epstein, Paul S.; Shah, Dhiren B. (1994-05-01). "Bacterial Adherence and Viability on Cutting Board Surfaces". Journal of Food Safety. 14 (2): 153–172. doi:10.1111/j.1745-4565.1994.tb00591.x. ISSN 1745-4565.
Jump up ^ Ak, Nese O.; Cliver, Dean O.; Kaspari, Charles W. (1994-01-01). "Cutting Boards of Plastic and Wood Contaminated Experimentally with Bacteria". Journal of Food Protection. 57 (1): 16–22.
Jump up ^ Schönwälder, A.; Kehr, R.; Wulf, A.; Smalla, K. "Wooden boards affecting the survival of bacteria?". Holz als Roh- und Werkstoff. 60 (4): 249–257. doi:10.1007/s00107-002-0300-6. ISSN 0018-3768.
^ Jump up to: a b "Why Some Woods are Better than Others in the Kitchen". Retrieved 2016-09-18.
Jump up ^ Annett, Milling,; Rolf, Kehr,; Alfred, Wulf,; Kornelia, Smalla, (2005-01-01). "Survival of bacteria on wood and plastic particles: Dependence on wood species and environmental conditions". Holzforschung. 59 (1). doi:10.1515/HF.2005.012. ISSN 1437-434X.
Jump up ^ Kim, Ji-Young; Lee, Hyoung-Jae; Cho, Jeong-Yong; Lim, Hyun-Cheol; Choi, Gyeong-Cheol; Kim, Du-Woon; Park, Keun-Hyung; Moon, Jae-Hak. "도마의 재질별 식중독 원인균에 대한 항균효과". Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology. 44 (1): 114–120. doi:10.9721/kjfst.2012.44.1.114.
Jump up ^ Aviat, Florence; Gerhards, Christian; Rodriguez‐Jerez, José‐juan; Michel, Valérie; Bayon, Isabelle Le; Ismail, Rached; Federighi, Michel (2016-05-01). "Microbial Safety of Wood in Contact with Food: A Review". Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety. 15 (3): 491–505. doi:10.1111/1541-4337.12199.
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