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Border Collie
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Border Collie
Other names
Scottish Sheepdog
(sometimes confused with the related Welsh Sheepdog)
Origin
United Kingdom
English-Scottish border
[hide]Traits
Weight
Male 14–20 kg (31–44 lb)
Female 12–19 kg (26–42 lb)
Height
Male 48–56 cm (19–22 in)
Female 46–53 cm (18–21 in)
Coat
Smooth or rough double coat
Colour
Solid coloured, bicoloured or tricoloured on blue merle, red merle, chocolate merle, liver, lilac merle, bear, chocolate, lilac, blue, sable merle, sable, shaded sable, chocolate sable, black, white, red, or brindle,or orange,
Life span
10–15 years, average of 12 years
[hide]Classification / standards
FCI
Group 1, Section 1 Sheepdogs #297 standard
AKC
Herding standard
ANKC
Group 5 (Working Dogs) standard
CKC
Group 7 (Herding) standard
KC (UK)
Pastoral standard
NZKC
Working standard
UKC
Herding Dog standard
Domestic dog (Canis lupus familiaris)
The Border Collie is a working and herding dog breed developed in the Anglo-Scottish border region for herding livestock, especially sheep. It was specifically bred for intelligence and obedience.
Considered highly intelligent, extremely energetic, acrobatic and athletic, they frequently compete with great success in sheepdog trials and dog sports. They are often cited as the most intelligent of all domestic dogs.[1] Border Collies continue to be employed in their traditional work of herding livestock throughout the world.
Contents
[hide]
1 Description
2 Temperament and needs
3 Health
3.1 Life span
3.2 Common health problems
4 History
4.1 Old Hemp
4.2 Wiston Cap
4.3 Introduction to New Zealand and Australia
5 Breed standards
5.1 ISDS Sheepdog Trial
5.2 Appearance
5.3 Criticism of show dog conformity based on appearance
6 Registries
6.1 United Kingdom
6.2 United States
6.3 Australia
6.4 Canada
6.5 South Africa
6.6 Turkey
6.7 Elsewhere
7 Activities
8 Livestock work
8.1 Dog sports
9 Notable Border Collies
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Description[edit]
Male Border Collie.
Blue merle Border Collie.
Dark red.
Border Collie red.
Brown and white with one blue and one brown eye.
In general, Border Collies are medium-sized dogs with a moderate amount of coat, which is most often thick and sheds often. They have a double coat that varies from smooth to rough and is occasionally curled. Whilst black and white is most commonly seen colour pattern of the Border Collie, the breed appears in just about any colour and pattern known to occur in dogs. Some of these include black tricolour (black/tan/white), liver and white, and red tricolour (red/tan/white) have also been seen regularly, with other colours such as blue, lilac, red merle, blue merle, brindle, and Australian red (also known as ee red, blonde, recessive red, or gold) which is seen less frequently. Some Border Collies may also have single-colour coats.[2]
Eye colour varies from brown to blue, and occasionally eyes of differing colour occur; this is usually seen with merles. The ears of the Border Collie are also variable — some have fully erect ears, some fully dropped ears, and others semi-erect ears (similar to those of the rough Collie). Although working Border Collie handlers sometimes have superstitions about the appearance of their dogs (handlers may avoid mostly white dogs due to the unfounded idea that sheep will not respect a white or almost all white dog),[3] in general a dog's appearance is considered by the American Border Collie Association to be irrelevant.[4] It is considered much more useful to identify a working Border Collie by its attitude and ability than by its looks.
Dogs bred for show are more homogeneous in appearance than working Border Collies, since to win in conformation showing they must conform closely to breed club standards that are specific on many points of the structure, coat, and colour. Kennel clubs specify, for example, that the Border Collie must have a "keen and intelligent" expression, and that the preferred eye colour is dark brown. In deference to the dog's working origin, scars and broken teeth received in the line of duty are not to be counted against a Border Collie in the show ring. The males' height from withers comes from 48 to 56 centimetres (19 to 22 in), females from 46 to 53 centimetres (18 to 21 in).
Temperament and needs[edit]
Border Collies require considerably more daily physical exercise and mental stimulation than many other breeds.[5] The Border Collie is an intelligent dog breed;[1][6] in fact, it is widely considered to be the most intelligent dog breed. Although the primary role of the Border Collie is to herd livestock, this breed is becoming increasingly popular as a companion animal.
In this role, due to their working heritage, Border Collies are very demanding, playful, and energetic. They thrive best in households that can provide them with plenty of play and exercise, either with humans or other dogs.[5] Due to their demanding personalities and need for mental stimulation and exercise, many Border Collies develop problematic behaviours in households that are not able to provide for their needs.[7] They are infamous for chewing holes in walls, furniture such as chairs and table legs, destructive scraping and hole digging, due to boredom. Border Collies may exhibit a strong desire to herd, a trait they may show with small children, cats, and other dogs. The breed's herding trait has been deliberately encouraged, as it was in the dogs from which the Border Collie was developed, by selective breeding for many generations.[5] However, being eminently trainable, they can live amicably with other pets if given proper socialisation training.
Before taking on the breed as a household pet, potential owners should be sure they can provide regular exercise commensurate with the collie's high energy and prodigious stamina. A working collie may run many miles a day, using its experience, personality and intelligence to control challenging livestock, and these dogs will be distressed and frustrated if left in isolation, ignored or inactive. Like many working breeds, Border Collies can be motion-sensitive and may chase moving vehicles and bicycles, but this behaviour can be modified by training.[8] Some of the more difficult behaviours require patience, as they are developmental and may disappear as the dog matures.
Health[edit]
Life span[edit]
16-year-old Border Collie in snow.
The natural life span of the Border Collie is between 10 and 14 years, with an average lifespan of 12 years.[9] The median longevities of breeds of similar size are usually 12 to 13 years.[10]
Leading causes of death are cancer (23.6%), old age (17.9%) and cerebral vascular afflictions (9.4%).[9]
Common health problems[edit]
Hip dysplasia, Collie eye anomaly (CEA), and epilepsy are considered the primary genetic diseases of concern in the breed at this time.[11] CEA is a congenital, inherited eye disease involving the retina, choroid, and sclera that sometimes affects Border Collies. In Border Collies, it is generally a mild disease and rarely significantly impairs vision. However, other eye conditions such as PRA[12] slowly disintegrates the retina and can cause Border Collies to lose almost all of their vision at night which can progress into complete daytime blindness. There is now a DNA test available for CEA[13] and, through its use, breeders can ensure that they will not produce affected pups. There are different types of hip testing available including OFA (Orthopedic Foundation for Animals) and PennHip. Radiographs are taken and sent to these organizations to determine a dog's hip and elbow quality.
Two types of hearing loss occur in the breed. The first type is pigment associated and is found in Border Collie puppies, although the puppies can have congenital sensorineural deafness from birth as well.[14] The second type is known as adult onset hearing loss. These dogs have a normal auditory brainstem response test as pups but gradually lose their hearing some time between one and eight years of age. A study is currently underway at The Translational Genomics Research Institute to identify the genetic cause of adult onset hearing loss in the breed.
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis (NCL) is a rare but serious disease that is limited to show Border Collies. NCL results in severe neurological impairment and early death; afflicted dogs rarely survive beyond two years of age. The mutation causing the form of the disease found in Border Collies was identified by Scott Melville in the laboratory of Dr. Alan Wilton of the School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales.[15] There is no treatment or cure, but a DNA test is now available to detect carriers as well as affected dogs.
Trapped Neutrophil Syndrome (TNS) is a hereditary disease in which the bone marrow produces neutrophils (white cells) but is unable to effectively release them into the bloodstream. Affected puppies have an impaired immune system and will eventually die from infections they cannot fight. The mutation responsible for TNS has been found in Border Collies in English working dogs, in show dogs that had originated in Australia and New Zealand, and in unrelated Australian working dogs. This indicates that the gene is widespread and probably as old as the breed itself. TNS was identified by Jeremy Shearman in the laboratory of Dr. Alan Wilton of the School of Biotechnology and Biomolecular Sciences, University of New South Wales. There is no cure, but a DNA test is now available to detect carriers as well as affected dogs.[16][17]
Other diseases found less commonly include glaucoma, juvenile cataracts, osteochondritis, hypothyroidism, diabetes mellitus and canine cyclic neutropaenia, carpal soft-tissue injury.[18] A syndrome of exercise induced collapse similar to that seen in Labrador Retrievers (otherwise termed Border Collie Collapse) and triggered by episodes of collapse associated with periods of intense exercise has been described in Border Collies in North America, Europe and Australia; and is currently the subject of further investigation.[19]
Elbow dysplasia may also occur in the breed. Dogs homozygous for the merle gene, sometimes referred to as "double merles", are likely to have ocular and/or auditory defects.
History[edit]
One year old Border Collie
The Border Collie is descended from landrace collies, a type found widely in the British Isles. The name for the breed came from its probable place of origin along the Anglo-Scottish border.[2] Mention of the "Collie" or "Colley" type first appeared toward the end of the 19th century, although the word "collie" is older than this and has its origin in the Scots language. It is also thought that the word 'collie' comes from the old Celtic word for useful. Many of the best Border Collies today can be traced back to a dog known as Old Hemp.[20]
In 1915, James Reid, Secretary of the International Sheep Dog Society (ISDS) in the United Kingdom first used the term "Border Collie" to distinguish those dogs registered by the ISDS from the Kennel Club's Collie (or Scotch Collie, including the Rough Collie and Smooth Collie) which originally came from the same working stock but had developed a different, standardised appearance following introduction to the show ring in 1860 and mixture with different types breeds.[21]
Old Hemp[edit]
Main article: Old Hemp
Old Hemp, a tricolour dog, was born in Northumberland in September 1893 and died in May 1901.[22] He was bred by Adam Telfer from Roy, a black and tan dog, and Meg, a black-coated, strong-eyed dog. Hemp was a quiet, powerful dog to which sheep responded easily. Many shepherds used him for stud and Hemp's working style became the Border Collie style. All pure Border Collies alive today can trace an ancestral line back to Old Hemp.[23]
Wiston Cap[edit]
Wiston Cap (b. 28 Sep. 1963)[24] is the dog that the International Sheep Dog Society (ISDS) badge portrays in the characteristic Border Collie herding pose. He was a popular stud dog in the history of the breed, and his bloodline can be seen in most bloodlines of the modern day Collie.[22] Bred by W. S. Hetherington and trained and handled by John Richardson, Cap was a biddable and good-natured dog. His bloodlines all trace back to the early registered dogs of the stud book, and to J. M. Wilson's Cap, whose name occurs 16 times within seven generations in his pedigree. Wiston Cap sired three Supreme Champions and is grand-sire of three others, one of whom was E. W. Edwards' Bill, who won the championship twice.
Introduction to New Zealand and Australia[edit]
Collies were listed as imports to New Zealand as early as 1858, but the type was not specified.[25] In the late 1890s James Lilico[26] (1861?–1945) of Christchurch, New Zealand, imported a number of working dogs from the United Kingdom. These included Hindhope Jed, a black, tan and white [27] born in Hindhope, Scotland in 1895, as well as Maudie, Moss of Ancrum, Ness and Old Bob.
It is unclear whether Hindhope Jed was a descendant of Old Hemp. Born two years after him, she is mentioned in a British Hunts and Huntsmen article concerning a Mr John Elliot of Jedburgh:[28]
Mr Elliot himself is well known for his breed of Collies. His father supplied Noble to the late Queen Victoria and it was from our subject that the McLeod got Hindhope Jed, now the champion of New Zealand and Australia.[29]
At the time of her departure to New Zealand, Hindhope Jed was already in pup to Captain, another of the then new "Border" strain. Hindhope Jed had won three trials in her native Scotland, and was considered to be the "best to cross the equator".[30]
In 1901 the King and Mcleod stud, created by Charles Beechworth King (b. 1855, Murrumbidgee, NSW), his brother and Alec McLeod at Canonbar, near Nyngan (north-west of Sydney), brought Hindhope Jed to Australia, where she enjoyed considerable success at sheep dog trials.
Breed standards[edit]
Blue Merle Border Collie puppy at fourteen weeks demonstrating species-typical behaviours including eye (gaze and lowered stance); this dog's eyes are different colours, which is not uncommon in merles
There are two types of tests, or standards, to determine the breeding quality of a Border Collie: the original ISDS sheepdog trial and appearance.
ISDS Sheepdog Trial[edit]
The original test is the ISDS sheepdog trial. It is still used today, where a dog and handler collect groups of livestock and move them quietly around a course. There are certain standard elements to this test depending on the level: national or international. For both levels, sheep must be gathered as calmly as possible without being distressed.[31] For a national competition, normally held between England, Ireland, Scotland, and Wales, trials run over a 400-yard course.[32] International courses use a 400-yard course for the qualifying trials, but on the third and final day, trials are held in a course of 800 yards.[32] The international test involves a "double fetch", where the sheepdog must gather 10 sheep from 800 yards away, bring them on an angle to the center of the field, and then be sent back in another direction to gather another 10 sheep, also placed 800 yards from the handler. Five of those 20 sheep will have collars on, and at the end of a triangular drive, the sheep are gathered into a circular "shedding ring" and the 15 sheep without collars driven away as the five collared sheep are kept inside the ring and then penned.[31][33] Sheepdogs must be directed through obstacles at varying distance from the handler, and then the dog must demonstrate the ability to do work close at hand by penning the sheep and sorting them out.[34]
Appearance[edit]
In nearly every region of the world, the Border Collie is now also a breed which is shown in ring or bench shows. For the people who participate in these events, the Border Collie is defined by the breed standard, which is a description of how the dog should look. In New Zealand and Australia, where the breed has been shown throughout most of the twentieth century, the Border Collie standards have produced a dog with the longer double coat (smooth coats are allowed), a soft dark eye, a body slightly longer than tall, a well-defined stop, semi-pricked ears, as well as a gentle and friendly temperament. This style of Border Collie has become popular in winning show kennels around the world, as well as among prestigious judges. Breed standards state that its tail must be slightly curved and must stop at the hock. The fur must be lush. It should show good expression in its eyes, and must be intelligent. It is energetic with most commonly a black and white coat (sometimes brown). It should have a very strong herding instinct.
Black & white coated Border Collie with unusual and distinctive black coloured face, illustrative of how variable this breed's markings can be
Away from breed standards, short haired Border collie variants are also found, offering householders a less demanding task clearing year-round shed hair. Crossing collies with German shepherd dogs produces a strong intelligent hybrid of intermediate size, popularly named a "shollie", used as a working dog with livestock and as an animal companion.[35]
Criticism of show dog conformity based on appearance[edit]
Other enthusiasts oppose the use of Border Collies as show dogs, for fear that breeding for appearance will lead to a decline in the breed's working dog traits. Few handlers of working Border Collies participate in conformation shows, as working dogs are bred to a performance standard rather than appearance standard. Likewise, conformation-bred dogs are seldom seen on the sheepdog trial field, except in Kennel Club-sponsored events. Dogs registered with either working or conformation based registries are seen in other performance events such as agility, obedience, tracking or flyball; however, these dogs do not necessarily conform to the breed standard of appearance as closely as the dogs shown in the breed rings as this is not a requirement in performance events, nor do they necessarily participate in herding activities.
Registries[edit]
United Kingdom[edit]
In the UK, there are two separate registries for Border Collies. The International Sheep Dog Society[36] encourages breeding for herding ability, whereas the Kennel Club (UK) encourages breeding for a standardised appearance. The ISDS registry is by far the older of the two, and ISDS dogs are eligible for registration as pedigree Border Collies with the Kennel Club (KC) — but not vice versa. The only way for a Border Collie without an ISDS pedigree to be added to the ISDS registry is by proving its worth as a herding dog so that it can be Registered on Merit (ROM).
United States[edit]
One of the principal registries for Border Collies in the United States is the American Border Collie Association (ABCA), which is dedicated to the preservation of the traditional working dog.[37] The breed was also recognised in 1995 by the American Kennel Club (AKC) after occupying the AKC's Miscellaneous Class for over 50 years. The recognition was under protest[38] from the majority of Border Collie affiliated groups, such as the United States Border Collie Club, which felt that emphasis on the breed's working skills would be lost under AKC recognition. AKC registrations have gradually increased since recognition and by the year 2004 there were 1,984 new AKC registrations of Border Collies, with a further 2,378 for the year 2005.[39] By contrast, the American Border Collie Association registers approximately 20,000 Border Collies annually.[40] Because of the inherent tension between the goals of breeding to a working standard and to an appearance standard, the American Border Collie Association voted in 2003 that dogs who attained a conformation championship would be delisted from the ABCA registry, regardless of ability. Cross-registration is allowed between the working registries, and AKC accepts dogs registered with ABCA and NASDS, but none of the working registries in the U.S. honors AKC pedigrees.
Australia[edit]
In Australia, Border Collies are registered with an Australian National Kennel Council (ANKC) affiliated state control body or with a working dog registry. Between 2,011 and 2,701 ANKC pedigreed Border Collies have been registered with the ANKC each year since 1986.[41] Inclusion on the ANKC affiliate's main register allows Border Collies to compete in conformation, obedience, agility, tracking, herding and other ANKC-sanctioned events held by an ANKC affiliated club, while inclusion on the limited register prohibits entry in conformation events. The ANKC provides a breed standard; however, this applies to conformation events only and has no influence on dogs entering in performance events. Non-ANKC pedigreed dogs may also be eligible for inclusion on an ANKC associate or sporting register and be able to compete in ANKC performance or herding events. Agility organisations such as the Agility Dog Association of Australia (ADAA) have their own registry which allows the inclusion of any dog wishing to compete in their events.
Canada[edit]
In Canada, Agriculture Canada has recognised the Canadian Border Collie Association[42] as the registry under the Animal Pedigree Act for any Border Collie that is designated as "Pure Breed" in Canada.
The criteria used are based on herding lineage rather than appearance. It is a two-tiered registry in that dogs imported that are registered with a foreign Kennel Club that does hold conformation shows are given a "B" registration, whereas those that come directly from other working registries are placed on the "A" registry.
Recently, the Canadian Kennel Club has polled its members to decide if Border Collies should be included on the CKC "Miscellaneous List". This designation would allow Border Collie owners the ability to compete in all CKC events, but the CKC would not be the registering body. People who compete in performance events support the move. The CBCA is against this designation.
South Africa[edit]
The registration of working sheepdogs in South Africa is the responsibility of the South African Sheepdog Association. ISDS registered dogs imported into the country can be transferred onto the SASDA register. Dogs not registered can become eligible for registration by being awarded a certificate of working ability by a registered judge. Occasionally they will facilitate the testing of dogs used for breeding, for Hip dysplasia and Collie eye anomaly, to encourage the breeding of dogs without these genetic flaws.
Turkey[edit]
The registration of working Border Collies in Turkey is the province of the Border Collie Dernegi (Turkish Border Collie Association)[43] established in 2007.
Elsewhere[edit]
The Border Collie breed is also recognised as the prime sheep dog by the International Stock Dog Federation (ISDF),[44] based in Piccadilly, London, UK.
Activities[edit]
Border Collie in agility competition
Border Collies are one of the most popular breeds for dog agility competitions. They also excel at competitive obedience, showmanship, flyball, tracking, and USBCHA Sheepdog trials and herding events.[45]
Livestock work[edit]
The Border Collie uses a direct stare at sheep, known as "the eye", to intimidate while herding
Border Collie herding
Australian Red Border Collie
A working Border Collie helps to illustrate the significant variation in appearance
Working Border Collies can take direction by voice and by whistle at long distances when herding. Their great energy and herding instinct are still used to herd all kinds of animals, from the traditional sheep and cattle, to free range poultry, pigs, and ostriches. They are also used to remove unwanted wild birds from airport runways, golf courses, and other public and private areas.
The use of dogs for herding sheep makes good economic sense for many farmers. In a typical pasture environment each trained sheepdog will do the work of three humans. In vast arid areas like the Australian Outback or the Karoo Escarpment, the number increases to five or more. Attempts to replace them with mechanical approaches to herding have only achieved a limited amount of success. Thus, stock handlers find trained dogs more reliable and economical.[citation needed]
Shepherds in the UK have taken the most critical elements of herding and incorporated them into a sheepdog trial. The first recorded sheepdog trials were held in Bala, North Wales, in 1873.[46] These competitions enable farmers and shepherds to evaluate possible mates for their working dogs, but they have developed a sport aspect as well, with competitors from outside the farming community also taking part.
In the USA, the national sanctioning body for these competitions is the USBCHA.[47] In the UK it is the International Sheep Dog Society, in Canada the Canadian Border Collie Association (CBCA)[48] and in South Africa it is the South African Sheepdog Association.
Dog sports[edit]
Border Collies excel at several dog sports in addition to their success in sheepdog trials. Because of the high instinct of herding, they are excellent at this sport. Herding instincts and trainability can be tested for when introduced to sheep or at noncompetitive instinct tests. Border Collies exhibiting basic herding instincts can be trained to compete in sheepdog trials and other herding events.[45] They perform well at some higher jump heights at dog agility competitions, so much so that in England, competitions often include classes for ABC dogs, "Anything But Collies".[49]
The Border Collie's speed, agility, and stamina have allowed them to dominate in dog activities like flyball and disc dog competitions. Their trainability has also given them a berth in dog dancing competitions.
Border Collies have a highly developed sense of smell and with their high drive make excellent and easily motivated tracking dogs for Tracking trials.[50] These trials simulate the finding of a lost person in a controlled situation where the performance of the dog can be evaluated, with titles awarded for successful dogs.
Notable Border Collies[edit]
Rico, who was studied for recognising up to 200 objects by name. Another Border Collie, Betsy, was found to have a vocabulary of over 300 words.[51]
As of 2010, the Border Collie Chaser has a vocabulary of 1022 words and is able to recognise objects by the groups they belong to.[52][53][54]
Shep, who was the long-term companion to John Noakes of the BBC's Blue Peter and Meg, companion of Matt Baker, former presenter of the same show.
Striker, who is the current Guinness World Record holder for "Fastest Car Window Opened by a Dog" at 11.34 seconds.[55]
Jean, also known as the Vitagraph Dog, who was the first canine movie star (owned and trained by Laurence Trimble)
Rex and Fly were two Border Collies that appeared in the Academy Award winning 1995 film, Babe and, partially, in the sequel Babe: Pig in the City.
Jag, the "First Dog" of Montana, frequently accompanies Governor Brian Schweitzer.
Bandit, the stray Scottish Border Collie from TV series Little House on the Prairie was Laura Ingalls' second dog on the show.[56]
The Dog, the main protagonist in the popular Footrot Flats comic strip by New Zealand cartoonist Murray Ball. He considers himself tough and brave, but is in fact soft and sometimes cowardly.
See also[edit]
Rough Collie
Smooth Collie
Cumberland Sheepdog
McNab (dog)
Welsh Sheepdog
English Shepherd
Shetland Sheepdog
Australian Shepherd
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Jump up ^ "Border Collie". Justusdogs.com.au. Archived from the original on March 25, 2010. Retrieved 2010-09-13.
Jump up ^ Morell, Virginia (March 2008). "National Geographic: Animal Minds". Retrieved 18 December 2009.
Jump up ^ John W. Pilley; Alliston K. Reid (2011). "Border collie comprehends object names as verbal referents" (PDF). Behavioural Processes. 86: 184–195. doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2010.11.007.
Jump up ^ "Border collie comprehends over 1,000 object names". physorg.com.
Jump up ^ [7]. www.bbc.co.uk/science-environment
Jump up ^ Fastest Car Window Opened by a Dog www.guinnessworldrecords.com. Retrieved 2014-03-30.
Jump up ^ [8] www.tvacres.com/dogs_collies_bandit.htm. Retrieved 2012-04-05.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Border Collie.
Border Collie at DMOZ
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Donnie Van Zant
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Donnie Van Zant
Van Zant in 2008
Background information
Birth name
Donald Newton Van Zant
Born
(1952-06-11) June 11, 1952 (age 66)
Jacksonville, Florida, U.S.
Genres
Southern rock, Country
Occupation(s)
Musician, songwriter, singer, guitarist
Instruments
Vocals, guitar
Years active
1974–2013
Associated acts
38 Special, Van Zant, Lynyrd Skynyrd
Donald Newton "Donnie" Van Zant (born June 11, 1952, in Jacksonville, Florida) is an American rock vocalist/guitarist. He is best known for being a member of the band 38 Special, from its formation in 1974 until 2013. He is the middle of three sons of a truck driver. Older brother Ronnie (1948–1977) was the original lead singer for Lynyrd Skynyrd; he died in a plane crash in Mississippi along with five other members and associates of the band. Younger brother Johnny (b.1960) has been the lead singer for Lynyrd Skynyrd since 1987; the two also perform together from time to time as the group Van Zant.
According to a posting in March 2013 on the 38 Special website, "Donnie Van Zant has not been able to join the band's performances for the past six months. In accordance with his doctor's strict orders and due to health issues related to inner-ear nerve damage, he will not be able to join 38 Special onstage in the foreseeable future. Donnie will continue to write and record with the band." However, it was announced later in 2013 that he had officially left 38 Special, and was retiring.[1]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "WhistleStop music 2014: 38 Special". © 2015 Alabama Media Group All rights reserved. 2014. Retrieved 2015-05-12.
External links[edit]
38 Special Website
The Van Zants – Brothers Johnny & Donnie
show
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38 Special
Don Barnes
Danny Chauncey
Bobby Capps
Gary Moffatt
Barry Dunaway
Donnie Van Zant
Jeff Carlisi
Jack Grondin
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Larry Junstrom
Carol Bristow
Dale Krantz
Nancy Henderson
Lu Moss
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Max Carl
Scott Meeder
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Studio albums
38 Special
Special Delivery
Rockin' into the Night
Wild-Eyed Southern Boys
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Resolution
A Wild-Eyed Christmas Night
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Live at Sturgis
38 Special Live from Texas
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Flashback: The Best of 38 Special
Singles
"Rockin' into the Night"
"Hold On Loosely"
"Caught Up in You"
"Teacher, Teacher"
"Second Chance"
Tours
Special Forces Tour
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Van Zant
show
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Van Zant
Donnie Van Zant
Johnny Van Zant
Studio albums
Van Zant II
Get Right with the Man
My Kind of Country
Notable singles
"Help Somebody"
"Nobody Gonna Tell Me What to Do"
Related articles
Lynyrd Skynyrd
38 Special
Ronnie Van Zant
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
ISNI: 0000 0000 5933 9499
LCCN: n2003082647
MusicBrainz: d50f295a-f1e4-4ae3-b60c-50d7b69ef700
VIAF: 6771727
This article about a United States rock singer is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Donnie_Van_Zant&oldid=842524085"
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1952 births
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OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes
Genre
Action
Superhero
Comedy
Created by
Ian Jones-Quartey
Based on
Lakewood Plaza Turbo (2013)
Written by
Stuart Reid
Directed by
John Pham (art)
Toby Jones (supervising)
Voices of
Stephanie Nadolny
Courtenay Taylor
Ashly Burch
Ian Jones-Quartey
David Herman
Kate Flannery
Jim Cummings
Melissa Fahn
Robbie Daymond
Kari Wahlgren
Theme music composer
Mint Potion Studios
Opening theme
"OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes", performed by Mint Potion Studios[1]
Ending theme
"It's Only Magic", performed by Rebecca Sugar
Composer(s)
Mint Potion Studios
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
1
No. of episodes
34 (list of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Ian Jones-Quartey
Toby Jones (co-executive producer)
Running time
1–2 minutes (Shorts)
11 minutes (TV series)
Production company(s)
Studio Yotta (shorts)
Cartoon Network Studios
Distributor
Warner Bros. Television Distribution
Release
Original network
Cartoon Network
Original release
Shorts: February 4, 2016 – present
TV series: August 1, 2017 – present
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes[2] (also known simply as OK K.O.!) is an American superhero comedy animated series created by Ian Jones-Quartey (known for his work on Adventure Time, Steven Universe, Secret Mountain Fort Awesome, and Nockforce) for Cartoon Network. The show is based on his pilot short Lakewood Plaza Turbo, which was released as part of Cartoon Network's 2013 Summer Shorts project. It is produced by Cartoon Network Studios. The web series premiered on Cartoon Network's YouTube channel and on Cartoon Network Video on February 4, 2016.[3][4]
On March 9, 2017, nearly four years after the original short's premiere, Cartoon Network announced that the television series had been greenlit.[5] The opening sequence was storyboarded by Japanese artist Hiroyuki Imaishi, co-founder of Studio Trigger.
Contents
[hide]
1 Premise
2 Episodes
3 Cast
4 Production
5 Broadcast
6 Ratings
7 Video game
8 References
9 External links
Premise[edit]
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes is set in the futuristic year of 201X. The series follows the titular character, K.O., and his efforts to become the world's greatest hero, while working at Gar's Bodega (run by the no-nonsense Mr. Gar), a hero supply shop in the Lakewood Plaza strip mall. Alongside him are his best friends and co-workers Radicles, an apathetic, narcissistic alien, and Enid, a levelheaded big sister-like employee, as well as other heroes who work and frequent the area.
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes episodes
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
Pilot May 21, 2013 (2013-05-21)
1 TBA August 1, 2017 (2017-08-01) TBA
Shorts TBA February 4, 2016 (2016-02-04) TBA

Cast[edit]
Main article: List of OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes characters
Stephanie Nadolny (episodes 1, 4–6 and 13) & Courtenay Taylor (rest of series) – K.O., Whistle, T.K.O.
Ashly Burch – Enid, Gladys, Foxy, Ms. Mummy, Ball Monster, Cherry, Icky
Ian Jones-Quartey – Radicles, Darrell, Crinkly Wrinkly, Cookie Man, Pird (episode 11), Frat Boy 2, Boris
David Herman – Mr. Gar, Brandon, Jethro, Mad Sam, Beardo, Rat
Kate Flannery – Carol
Jim Cummings[6] – Lord Boxman
Kari Wahlgren – Shannon, Chillcat, Tumbles, Mrs. Gnarlio, Vormulax, Kid
Robbie Daymond – Raymond, Co-Bru
Chris Niosi[7] – Nick Army, Pird, Ernesto, Neil
Mary Elizabeth McGlynn – Dynamite Watkins
Cole Sanchez – Colewort
Melissa Villaseñor – Potato, Punching Judy, Mega Football Baby, Drupe, Gertie, Ginger, Shy Ninja
Kali Hawk – Red Action
Ben Jones – A Real Magic Skeleton, Cactus Person
James Urbaniak – Mr. Logic, Joff the Shaolin Monk
Melissa Fahn – Dendy, Mikayla, Krissa
Lara Jill Miller[8] – Fink
Marina Sirtis – Cosma
Michael Leon Wooley – The Sun, Ted Viking, Bell Beefer, Galgarion
Wallace Shawn – Wally the Wizard
Richard McGonagle – Chameleon Sr.
Tony Revolori – Chameleon Jr.
Andrés du Bouchet – Joe Cuppa, Small Joe
Keith David – Crinky Wrinkly Narration
Parker Simmons – Plazamo, Lad Boxman, Skateboard Nerd, Pow Card Narrator, Rude Kid
Robbie Rist – Gnarlio, Frat Boi, Corn Shepherd
Kath Soucie – Peej, Gnarlio Jr.
Steven Ogg – Professor Venomous, Shadowy Figure, Laserblast
Jonathan Davis – Succulentus
Reshma Shetty – Elodie
Diedrich Bader – Cupid
Carol Kane – Ginger
Clancy Brown – Pavel, Powio Statue, Mr. Cardsley
Nichole Bloom – Pepelina, Carla
Dave Fennoy – Guards, Kappa, Ofrang, Bernard, Spanky
Michael Sinterniklaas - Hero[9]
Melique Burger – Theodosia, Wilhamena
Joe Nipote - Crudde, Corn Shepherd
Sterling Jarvis - Rad's Singing Voice
LeVar Burton - Kwame
David Coburn - Captain Planet
Tessa Auberjonois - Dr. Blight
Jennifer Hale - Fox Tail
Dana Snyder - Doctor Greyman
Production[edit]
To promote OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes, Cartoon Network's Chief Content Officer Rob Sorcher hinted many times in an interview that it would become a full series.[10] Its multiple storyboard artists have also been seen on Twitter.[11][12][13][14][15] On March 9, on PlayStation's Blog, Chris Waldron VP of Games & Digital Products for Cartoon Network announced a series in the works, along with a Video Game.[16] The series was premiered by Cartoon Network on August 1, 2017. The first 6 episodes were released online on June 13, 2017.
Broadcast[edit]
The series had its worldwide television premiere in the US on Cartoon Network on August 1, 2017, and premiered on sister network Boomerang on August 7, 2017.[17] The series also premiered on August 1 in Canada, and premiered on Teletoon on September 4, 2017. The series was previewed in Latin America on August 12, 2017, and was premiered on September 18, 2017. The series was also premiered in the UK on October 9, 2017.[18]
Ratings[edit]
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes : U.S. viewers per episode (thousands)
Season
Episode number
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
1
1350 1250 1250 1230 1200 1040 1220 1010 1300 1160 790 720 790 910 810 840 850 780 760 600 840 740 940 940 1080 1080 770 870 TBD
Source: Nielsen Media Research[reference?]
Video game[edit]
A mobile game, OK K.O.! Lakewood Plaza Turbo, was launched on Android[19] and iOS[20] on February 4, 2016 as a free game for those platforms. It is a beat 'em up developed by Double Stallion Games and published by Cartoon Network. The game's original score was composed by Mathieu Lavoie and FX Dupas at [Avenue] in Montreal, Canada.[21]
Capybara Games developed a game based on the show for the PlayStation 4, Xbox One, and Windows. It is set for release in mid-2017.[22]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ https://ok-ko.tumblr.com/post/161719260944/animatic-ok-ko-lets-be-heroes-main-title-see
Jump up ^ http://www.cartoonnetwork.com/video/ok-ko/lakewood-plaza-turbo-episode.html?atclk_vn=nav_OK-KO-Lakewood-Plaza-Turbo
Jump up ^ Cartoon Network (4 February 2016). "KO – Lakewood Plaza Turbo – Minisode – Cartoon Network". Retrieved 17 March 2017 – via YouTube.
Jump up ^ "Cartoon Network's Christina Miller Unveils New Digital Strategy, Wants You To Hack It". 4 February 2016. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Cartoon Network Studios Greenlights OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes Animated Series – RegularCapital Website". 9 March 2017. Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ Jim Cummings on Twitter: "So there we were,@ #Cartoon Network with THE #Marina Sertis # ok. ko! Comingsummer to a TV near u!! https://t.co/5UzEnVk20k"
Jump up ^ "Chris Niosi on Twitter". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Lara Jill Miller on Twitter". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ https://twitter.com/ianjq/status/912834082215673856
Jump up ^ Future of StoryTelling (7 July 2016). "Rob Sorcher – Animate Your World (FoST 2016)". Retrieved 17 March 2017 – via YouTube.
Jump up ^ "gryann shanno (@Cuppatan) – Twitter". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "DDDDAAAAVVVVEEEE!!! (@scrotumnose) – Twitter". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "stevie borbolla (@stebvi) – Twitter". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ https://twitter.com/bootswtheturl
Jump up ^ "Parker Simmons (@parkerrsimmons) – Twitter". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Battle Robots and Find Easter Eggs in OK K.O.! Let’s Be Heroes". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ http://tvlistings.zap2it.com/tvlistings/ZCSGrid.do?sgt=list&fromTimeInMillis=1502089200000&stnNum=21883&aid=zap2it
Jump up ^ "Cartoon Network UK New Show OK K.O.! Let’s Be Heroes Premieres Monday 9th October". RegularCapital: Cartoon Network International News. Retrieved 14 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "OK K.O.! Lakewood Plaza Turbo – Android Apps on Google Play". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "OK K.O.! Lakewood Plaza Turbo on the App Store". Retrieved 17 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "VIBE | OK K.O.! Lakewood Plaza Turbo". vibeavenue.com. Retrieved 2017-09-06.
Jump up ^ Frank, Allegra (March 9, 2017). "Capy Games returns for project with Cartoon Network (update)". Polygon. Archived from the original on March 9, 2017. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
External links[edit]
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes at Cartoon Network
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes on IMDb
OK K.O.! Let's Be Heroes (official) on Tumblr
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