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Immortal (Highlander)
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An Immortal is one of a group of fictional characters seen in the movies and series of the Highlander franchise. Since they are immune to disease and stop aging after becoming Immortals, they can live forever and die only when they are beheaded.
Contents
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1 Origin
2 The Rules
2.1 The Game
2.2 Holy Ground
2.3 The Gathering
2.4 The Prize
3 Quickening
4 Early life
5 First death
6 First Teacher
7 Physical characteristics
7.1 The Buzz
7.2 Temporary death
7.3 Healing
7.4 Other
8 Way of life
9 The Watchers
10 See also
11 References
Origin[edit]
The Immortals were first introduced in Highlander in 1986. They were created by script writer Gregory Widen who, according to Bill Panzer, producer of the Highlander franchise, "was a student at film school, and he wrote this as his writing class project. (...) He was apparently travelling through Scotland on his summer vacation and he was standing in front of a suit of armor, and he wondered, 'What would it be like if that guy was alive today?' And that's where everything fell into place — the idea that there are Immortals and they were in conflict with each other, leading secret lives that the rest of us are unaware of."[1]
In the Highlander universe, the origin of the Immortals is unknown. Panzer states, "We don't know where they come from. Maybe they come from the Source."[2] It is not known yet what the Source actually is. An attempt to explain the origin of the Immortals was made in the theatrical version of Highlander II: The Quickening (1991), which revealed that Immortals are aliens from the planet Zeist. This was edited out of the 1995 director's cut, Highlander II: The Renegade Version, in which the Immortals are from Earth, but from a distant past. Neither of the two versions is mentioned in later movies or the television series.
In either version of Highlander II, Immortals themselves do not know where they come from or for what purpose they exist. In Highlander, the Immortal mentor Ramírez, when asked by newly Immortal Connor MacLeod about their origins, answers, "Why does the sun come up? Or are the stars just pinholes in the curtain of night? Who knows?" In Highlander: Endgame, Connor MacLeod says, "We are the seeds of legend, but our true origins are unknown. We simply are." In the television series episode "Mountain Men", Duncan MacLeod expresses the same ignorance when he tells Caleb Cole, a fellow Immortal, "Whatever gods made you and me... made us different," and in his next line, deleted from the episode, he says, "They're just having a little fun."[3]
Wherever they come from, the Highlander franchise assumes that there have always been Immortals on Earth, well before the beginning of civilization. In the first film, Ramírez's narrative starts, "From the dawn of time we came; moving silently down through the centuries, living many secret lives..." and in Highlander: Endgame, Connor's narrative says, "In the days before memory, there were the Immortals. We were with you then, and we are with you now."
The Rules[edit]
The Immortals do not live as a united people on a territory of their own, but are scattered around the world and across history. The only bond between them are oral traditions called the Rules transmitted from teacher to student.[4] The creator of the Rules is unknown. The Rules are never enumerated, like a body of laws, but they are quoted according to the circumstances. They are taught to newborn Immortals by Immortal mentors called First Teachers (see below). The main Rules are:
No Immortal may fight on Holy Ground, no matter who regards it as Holy
Immortal combat is one on one only — no outside interference
Mortals must not learn about Immortals — if you are killed, you move on
When only a few are left, all Immortals will feel drawn to a distant land, to fight for the Prize — this is the time of the Gathering
In the end, there can be only one — the last one will receive all the power of all the Immortals who ever lived
Creative Consultant David Abramowitz says, "When you do a show like this [Highlander: The Series], what you do is you make up a lot of it as you go along. The fans used to ask, 'Do you know all the rules from the beginning?' and it's just like in life: You don't know any of the rules. You make them up as you go along and you try your best to be consistent and so that no one turns around, and says, 'Wait a minute, you're cheating!' Because that's one thing we didn't want to do. We didn't want to ever cheat."[5]
The Game[edit]
The Rules dictate that all Immortals are to fight and behead each other until only one of them remains. As Ramírez reminds Connor MacLeod, "If your head comes away from your neck, it's over."[4] This concept of Immortals beheading each other to be the "last man standing" is referred to as "the Game" and is summarized in the signature Highlander motto, "In the End, there can be only one."[4] As a result, Immortals who live long enough develop strong fighting skills, usually transmitted from teacher to student, as Ramírez did with Connor in Highlander.[4] Most Immortals can fight with several kinds of weapons (axe,[6] sickle,[7] machete,[8] mace,[9] etc.), but the most common is the sword. Consequently, Immortals are usually very fond of their weapons, and almost always have them handy. The script of the Highlander: The Series pilot episode "The Gathering" says about Duncan MacLeod: "Seemingly out of nowhere MacLeod lifts a beautiful Samurai sword. We can see that it is as familiar to him as a .38 Police Special would be to a cop."[10] When he gives a similar sword to Immortal Felicia Martins, Duncan tells her, "Take good care of it. Make it a part of you. It may be the only friend you have." She later breaks the sword in a fight with Duncan, showing neglect of the sword and henceforth demonstrating the student-teacher relationship throughout the series.[11]
The Rules also dictate that when one challenges another to combat, the two Immortals are supposed to duel one-on-one. For example, in "The Gathering", Slan Quince challenges Duncan MacLeod then gets challenged by Connor MacLeod at the same time. He protests to them both: "Not two on one!", Connor MacLeod answers, "Thanks, Slan. I know the rules. You and me. Now!"[12] This does not always happen and battles may be unfair, cheating is usually a sign of an evil Immortal. Examples of cheating include the group of Immortals who served under Immortal Jacob Kell in Highlander: Endgame, Slan Quince's modified sword which fires a dagger from its hilt,[12] and Zachary Blaine keeping a gun to slow down his adversaries.[13] If the Rules are interpreted strictly, once two Immortals begin dueling, no outside interference is permitted, even to save a friend or innocent. For example, Duncan warns Richie that if he engages the vengeful Annie Devlin or the relentless Mako in a duel, Duncan will not permit himself to intervene.[14][15] However, there is also a way around the one-on-one rule that even good Immortals have been known to invoke. The Quickening that the winning Immortal receives at the end of a fight is extremely draining, and leaves the recipient unable to protect themselves, allowing another Immortal an easy kill. Therefore, some Immortals will travel in pairs or groups to discourage challenges, or will attack an opponent in pairs; while one fights, the other will await the outcome to take revenge if necessary.
The Immortals play the Game in accordance with their personalities. Some, like Slan Quince, go head hunting full-time;[16] some others, like Methos, only fight when they are challenged, to defend their head (which seems to be rather common with extremely old Immortals). Immortals are free to play the Game or not and some chose to "retire" for various reasons. Duncan MacLeod temporarily retires in 1872 because he is tired of death after his wife and adopted son are murdered.[12] Some Immortals, like the pacifist Darius and the epicurean John Durgan, even attempt to retire from the game completely.[17][18] Darius, who was a great general in Late Antiquity, retires permanently because he turned his back on war.[17] Some retired Immortals chose to get on with their life without carrying a sword, like Grace Chandel,[8] but they are in particular danger of losing their heads. A safe option for Immortals who wish to retire from the Game is to live on Holy Ground. However, this leaves them vulnerable to the Hunters.
Holy Ground[edit]
The Rules forbid the Immortals to fight on Holy Ground. Holy Ground is defined as any land or building held sacred by any people in the world.[4] Examples of Holy Ground include cathedrals,[4] churches,[19] chapels,[17] cemeteries,[17] monasteries,[20] and Native-American sacred land.[12] The interpretation of this rule changed as the series progressed. Highlander states that the Holy Ground rule was a tradition. Highlander II: The Quickening calls it the "Golden Rule". In the Highlander: The Series episode "The Hunters", Duncan MacLeod says, "Even the most evil of us wouldn't desecrate Holy Ground." In "Unholy Alliance" (1994), Horton is attacked by Duncan MacLeod in the Dawson family crypt and says, "Holy Ground, MacLeod ! Shame on you... You're forgetting the rules. I tried to get Xavier [St. Cloud] to come but even he wouldn't kill here." In the episode "Little Tin God", Watcher Joe Dawson mentions that according to legend, this rule was broken in AD 79 in Pompeii, implying that it resulted in the eruption of Mt. Vesuvius and the destruction of the city. In Highlander III: The Sorcerer, during a fight in a Buddhist shrine between Connor MacLeod and antagonist Kane, Connor's blade shatters and the power of the shrine is revealed to Kane. In Highlander: The Search for Vengeance, Colin MacLeod is struck by lightning for refusing to put down his sword inside Stonehenge. Mortals are not bound by the Rules and are allowed to behead Immortals on Holy Ground; the Hunters (see below) do this to Darius in Highlander: The Series.[17] A practical result of this rule is that Immortals use Holy Ground as a neutral territory on which they can meet each other without risking losing their heads. In Highlander, The Kurgan taunts Connor MacLeod in a church. When MacLeod becomes aggressive with the Kurgan, he says, "Holy Ground, Highlander! Remember what Ramirez taught you!" Immortals wishing to retire from the Game often chose to live on Holy Ground.[17] In Highlander: Endgame, Immortal Kell disregards this rule and slaughters a group of Immortals that were hidden in stasis on Holy Ground called the Sanctuary. This caused some controversy among fans, which prompted the producers to eliminate the reference to the sanctuary being on Holy Ground[citation needed]. In Highlander: The Source, The Guardian attacks Reggie on Holy Ground, though there is no obvious attempt to kill and the fight is short, following which Duncan attacks Methos, exclaiming that he did not care that it was Holy Ground. He is, however, quickly stopped by another Immortal. In neither case was there a beheading.
The Gathering[edit]
In Highlander, Ramírez describes the Gathering to Connor MacLeod in this way: "When only a few of us are left, we will feel an irresistible pull towards a far away land, to fight for the Prize." The Gathering is the reunion of the last few Immortals left on Earth who then fight each other until only one is left; this last one wins the Prize.[4] The time of the Gathering is not consistent throughout the movies and series. In Highlander, the Gathering happens in 1985, the "far away land" is America and Connor wins the Prize after ultimately defeating the Kurgan. In Highlander: The Series, set in 1992-1998, the Gathering is supposed to happen during the first season for continuity with the first film.[citation needed] In all subsequent Highlander: The Series seasons and Highlander movies and series, the Gathering has not happened yet and the Game continues. In Highlander: Endgame, the Gathering is said to be set in "a far off time" and it is not mentioned at all in Highlander: The Search for Vengeance.
The Prize[edit]
The very last Immortal still alive at the end of the Gathering wins the Prize. The nature of the Prize is "ultimate power and knowledge", according to the Season 1 promotional booklet of Highlander: The Series. In Highlander, when Connor MacLeod wins the Prize, he screams out, "I know everything! I am everything!" He later tells Brenda Wyatt, "I can love and have children, live and grow old," all previously unavailable to him because Immortals are sterile and cannot live anywhere for very long without raising suspicion. Ramírez tells him, "You are generations being born and dying. You are at one with all living things. Each man's thoughts and dreams are yours to know. You have power beyond imagination."[4] The way in which the last Immortal uses the Prize depends on his personality. David Abramovitz, Creative Consultant on Highlander: The Series, explains, "Because there can be only one, at the end there will be only one. If that one is good, the world will see a golden age. If evil, the world will fall into anarchy."[21] In Highlander II: The Quickening, Connor MacLeod has become mortal after the Gathering and uses his vast knowledge to help mankind to solve its environmental problems. Conversely, in the Highlander: The Series episode "The Gathering", at a time when the Gathering has not happened yet, Connor describes what would happen should an evil Immortal win the Prize, "The last one will have the power of all the Immortals who ever lived. Enough power to rule this planet forever. If someone like Slan Quince [an evil Immortal] is that last one, mankind will suffer an eternity of darkness, from which it will never recover."[12] This makes the Game, as Producer Barry Rosen puts it, an "ultimate battle of good and evil".[22]
Quickening[edit]
Main article: Quickening (Highlander)
When Immortals are beheaded, there is a powerful energy released from their bodies which is called a Quickening.[4] Lead Highlander: The Series actor Adrian Paul explains, "The Quickening is the receiving of all the power and knowledge another immortal has obtained throughout his or her life. It is like the receiving of a sacrament or a massive orgasm."[23] The producers describe it so: "The power of the Quickening is the equivalent to a major electrical storm hitting — windows explode, lights short circuit, it is almost as if the victorious Immortal is in the center of a lightning storm."[23]
This energy is absorbed by the Immortal who did the beheading. Panzer explains that if "an Immortal is decapitated by something other than the sword of the Immortal he was fighting, (...) what we thought was, as long as an Immortal is present, he gets the Quickening."[24] If an Immortal is beheaded and there is no Immortal nearby to receive the Quickening, for example if the beheader is a mortal, then the Quickening dissipates in the sky.[citation needed] Panzer says, "If there is no Immortal present, then the Quickening just goes to the Source."[24] It is not known yet what the Source exactly is.
When a good Immortal beheads an evil one, it rarely happens that the evil Quickening completely overwhelms the personality of the good Immortal, making him evil. This is a Dark Quickening.[25] The converse can also happen; Darius is the only known example of a Light Quickening.[17]
An Immortal knows when a Quickening happens nearby and he knows which Immortal is dead, as demonstrated by Duncan MacLeod in Highlander: The Series. He falls on his knees when his friend Lucas Desiree is beheaded by Howard Crowley, and he knows it is Lucas who died.[26] However, when Duncan witnesses the quickening when Richie kills Kristov in "Testimony", he first suspected that it was Richie who had been killed.
In Highlander: The Series, the producers had to make the beheadings less violent and acceptable to television standards. Panzer explains, "In the movies, you know, we had a lot more license. But this being television in the early 1990s, we couldn't have a lot of body parts flying around. So, we tried to use something that created the idea that somebody got their head cut off, but that it was more like a jolt of light came out of the head, and the lightning flew around them. This, I suppose, was less violent than the movie version."[27]
Consequently, the Quickening scene in the pilot episode "The Gathering" is described in the script as follows: "We will call this shot for want of a better term, the Quickening Thrust. This will be one of our signature shots of the show. Perhaps it is a strobed, slow-motion shot. Perhaps there is particular glint to the sword as it slashes towards us on a POV shot, representing the coup de grâce which is about to be delivered. In any event what we will NOT see, is a decapitation. No head leaves the body, indeed no sword strikes the neck. Instead, we cut to: The Quickening is a blinding flash of blue light emanating from what was the bad guy and filling the screen and arcing into anything electrical nearby. Thus, street lamps, car headlights, windows, etc. are blown out."[28]
Early life[edit]
Immortals can be "found" in any time era and in any place around the world. They can be of any race, ethnicity, or gender (and as an unfortunate few find out, any age). For example, Amanda is a Norman female; Xavier St. Cloud, Carl Robinson, Heresh Clay and Luther are black; Annie Devlin and Sean Burns are Irish; May-Ling Shen, Jin Ke and Kiem Sun are Chinese. There are comparatively few female Immortals. Abramovitz explains, "You have to be realistic. Women survive in a warrior's game by being different kinds of warriors. (...) You can't expect a woman who is 5'4" and 130 pounds to survive in the same way. (...) So it's hard for me to understand, no matter how good she is with a blade, that a woman could take on a great athlete and survive."[21] In the first three films, all Immortals depicted were male. Female Immortals were introduced in 1992 in the fifth episode of Highlander: The Series, "Free Fall."
Many of them are foundlings, like Duncan MacLeod and Richie Ryan, but it is not known if all of them are. Connor MacLeod, for example, is never said to be one; in Highlander: Endgame, he is seen protecting his aged mother from being burned as a witch, though whether or not he might have been adopted is never addressed. The matter is not settled in the movies or series, but in the Highlander novels it is assumed that all Immortals are foundlings. For example, in White Silence Duncan MacLeod tells Danny O'Donal, "We're all foundlings."[29] Baby Immortals are never shown on screen but there are accounts of them in Highlander: The Series. In "Family Tree", Ian MacLeod, Duncan's foster father, tells him, "When the midwife looked into your eyes, for it was you the peasant brought in, she cringed back in fear... and said you were a changeling... left by the forest demons... and we should cast you out for the dogs!"[30] In "Avenging Angel", Alfred Cahill says of his stepfather, "he knew I was different the first time he set eyes on me."[9]
Immortals are raised in the societies to which they were born or adopted into and often retain their personality, customs and habits most of their life. Abramovitz explains, "Even if you are an Immortal, who you are as a child in many ways is who you become."[21] Immortals grow up and age exactly like mortals, except that they do not have children.[31] The wounds they get heal normally; Colin MacLeod, for example, carries a permanent diagonal scar on his face as a result of his head having been cleaved in two, causing his First Death.[32] They do not feel the Buzz but they trigger a very faint Buzz in full-grown Immortals[citation needed]. Full-grown Immortals know what pre-Immortals really are when they encounter them.
There are a few Immortals that sometimes die during violent periods, such as wars, before they have the chance to grow up. These child Immortals are particularly vulnerable, as all the physical training in the world cannot put them on even terms with an adult Immortal, especially one-on-one. Expressing surprise that Immortals could be very young after meeting one, Richie Ryan is told by Duncan MacLeod that there is a reason so few exist: "he'll never be big enough or strong enough", or in other words, they will never be able to adequately protect themselves. Trapped in a small body for eternity, child Immortals tend to either become easy pickings, beheaded at an early time by evil Immortals, or if they live for more than a few decades become cold and calculating, using the only physical asset they have: the ability to feign childlike innocence. Years of surviving the Game replaces the innocent child with a scheming and often ruthless adult in a child's body, willing to prey upon the goodwill of good Immortals just as evil Immortals would have no qualms of preying upon the child. Duncan in particular has met child Immortals, and experience has taught him to not turn his back on the ones that have survived more than one lifetime. Duncan once warned Amanda about the child Immortal Kenny that she met again after 800 years, but she disregarded his advice, still considering Kenny to be as innocent as the newborn Immortal he was back then. She was deeply shocked and heart-broken when the experienced Kenny showed that he was now an adult, even as far as to express his sexual attraction for her.[33][34]
First death[edit]
According to Panzer, Immortals "carry within them the seed of their immortality which is triggered by a non-natural death."[2] The movie Endgame establishes that without a violent first death to trigger their immortality, pre-immortals will age and die as other humans.[35] According to the Watcher CD, "non-natural" and "violent" death are not due solely to weapons. Physical trauma (car crashes, falling off a cliff, runaway carts) can trigger immortality as well as being struck by lightning (Sharon Collins), burning (Angelina de Valincourt), hanging (Grace Chandel and Kenneth), poisoning (Caroline Mortimer, Carlo Sendaro, Mei-Ling Shen), and excessive alcohol consumption (Timon). Although death by disease is not "natural", caused by outside agents, and the symptoms before death can be physically traumatic, it is not listed as a trigger for immortality.
Duncan MacLeod explains this to Felicia Martins in the Highlander: The Series episode "Free Fall"; he says, "It's only when we die that we become Immortal."[11] They come back to life some time later, fully healed. This is called the First Death.[citation needed] Most Immortals feel their resurrection is a miracle. In "Avenging Angel", Duncan MacLeod comments, "That's what we all say... the first time."
Mortals usually react violently when they witness reviving from a First Death; Connor MacLeod was banished from his clan for witchcraft in 1536,[4] which had become legendary in Duncan MacLeod's time 1592, which he recalls (likely referring to Connor), "When I was growing up there was a legend in my clan about a strange man in my grandfather's time. He was killed in battle and then miraculously revived.... I thought it was an old wives tale."[12]
New Immortals are vulnerable because they do not know about the Game and they can get beheaded before they learn what they are[citation needed]. Immortal reactions to their first deaths vary - one character in the original Highlander TV series becomes excited and begins performing death defying stunts from the sheer thrill of knowing that he can't die. Nick Wolfe, from the spin-off series Highlander: The Raven, however, reacts angrily, not wanting to have become Immortal, knowing the dangerous lives they lead and regarding it more than anything else as a curse.
First Teacher[edit]
The new Immortal usually does not learn about their situation until they meet another Immortal willing to teach them. This Immortal is referred to as the First Teacher. The First Teacher teaches the new Immortal the Rules of the Game, how to use a sword and the tactics needed to win, as Juan Sánchez Villa-Lobos Ramírez did for Connor MacLeod and Connor MacLeod did for Duncan MacLeod.[12] The First Teacher can become an important figure in an Immortal's life, as is Ramírez for Connor. Or it can be that teacher and student eventually have to fight each other, as in the case of Xavier St. Cloud who beheaded his First Teacher, Henri St. Cloud.[36]
Physical characteristics[edit]
After their First Death, Immortals can theoretically live forever, but in practice, it depends on their ability to defend their head against an opponent. Joe Dawson puts it so in his Chronicle about Alfred Cahill: "'Immortality' is a relative thing. A new Immortal has the chance to live for untold millennia - maybe even as long as the mythical Methos - or maybe all he gets is another week."[37] Methos, the oldest living Immortal, is over 5000 years old,[38] while Richie Ryan has been beheaded at the age of 22.[39] They do not age any more and retain forever the appearance they had when they died for the first time. A First Death happening too early in life can be a hindrance at playing the Game; Kenny is an 800-year-old Immortal who died for the first time at the age of twelve and has retained the body of a 12-year-old ever since.[33] Immortals are sterile and they have perfect dentition.[11][40] While Immortals have only slightly more than normal human abilities in Highlander movies and series, in Highlander animated movies and series they have superhuman abilities such as enhanced speed and enormous strength.[citation needed]
The Buzz[edit]
After their First Death, Immortals can feel the Buzz. Panzer defines the Buzz as "the concept of Immortals being able to sense each other's presence from a reasonable distance. We called it the Buzz. That word was never used, but that's how it was featured in the scripts."[27] Indeed, the script of Highlander: The Series pilot episode "The Gathering" describes it as, "We hear something we will describe as the Highlander Buzz. Perhaps it is accompanied by a moving camera, an odd angle... something. Whatever it is, [Duncan] MacLeod suddenly senses it, strongly."[10] The Buzz is something felt, not heard. In the above described scene, Duncan says that he feels something, although Tessa does not hear anything.[12] Pre-Immortals do not feel the Buzz, but full-grown Immortals can sense and identify pre-Immortals in this way (though the Buzz is faint and easy to miss).[41] Pre-Immortals start triggering the Buzz in full-grown Immortals when they are dying for the first time; a mortally wounded Alfred Cahill caused Duncan MacLeod a Buzz even before he was actually dead.[9] Immortals who are not yet aware of the meaning of the Buzz often experience it as a headache, like Colin MacLeod, or migraine.[citation needed] Temporarily dead Immortals do not trigger a Buzz.[42]
The Buzz is signalled by a brief sound effect in the movies and series. On Highlander: The Series, Buzz sounds were produced at the Post Modern Sound postproduction facility in Vancouver, British Columbia.[43] Sound Supervisor Tony Gronick explains the Buzz as "a metal grinder that's affected so it jumps from left to right and has reverb on it,"[44] and a whoosh-like sound created by former Sound Effects Editor Mike Thomas.[45] Former Sound Supervisor Vince Renaud says further, "The standard Buzz stays pretty much the same, then every once in a while they want something different for a Buzz."[45] Sound effect variations on the Buzz include, according to Gronick, "Just getting a note of choir and then looping it, so it extends. Or we've taken the highs out of it and echoed it. Or one has an autopan on it, so we have it shifting from left to right."[44]
Temporary death[edit]
In the first film, it was implied that Immortals could not die once shot or stabbed, as seen when in the flashback to 1944, Connor is shot by a Nazi officer but is still awake. In Highlander: The Series, Immortals have normal susceptibility to the things that are fatal to mortals and they will 'die' from them, only to resurrect shortly thereafter. However, Immortals often shrug off injuries that would likely kill normal human beings (theoretically because their bodies are so accustomed to pain), particularly in the movies (Connor surviving underwater without breathing, the Kurgan shrugging off multiple assault rifle shots to the chest, Connor walking through fire in Highlander II: The Quickening, Duncan fighting through multiple stab wounds in Highlander: Endgame). Highlander: The Animated Series portrays Immortals as being extremely hearty and impervious to many causes of death (they clearly cannot drown), but can be harmed or killed by sufficient force besides beheadings. Immortals appear to be immune to disease, but they are susceptible to toxins and poisons. For example, Xavier St. Cloud uses poison gas to incapacitate his opponents.[42] Bill Panzer said, "One of an Immortal's greatest fears is to be buried alive and probably unfound for thousands of years."[46] In another episode of the series, Duncan encounters an Immortal whom he had a hand in marooning on a deserted island (the alternative being allowing the ignorant crew to behead him and exposing the Quickening). The Immortal recounted the living nightmare that was "spending days starving to death, only to wake up and starve all over again."
Healing[edit]
Every wound an Immortal obtains quickly heals and disappears, except in the neck area, as seen in Immortals The Kurgan[4] and Kalas.[47] The healing is performed by a small Quickening flashing across the wound.[40] An Immortal cannot regenerate or replace a limb or a major portion of the body when it is separated from the body. Panzer states about the Highlander: The Series episode "For Tomorrow We Die", in which Xavier St. Cloud's left hand is severed by Duncan MacLeod's blade, "We hold the question of what happens when an Immortal loses a body part other than his head. It does not grow back, does not regenerate."[48] Creative Consultant David Abramowitz explains, "it posed a number of questions for us, as to whether a hand regenerates and we had decided that it didn't, even for Immortals. That they could heal, but they couldn't regenerate. (...) In truth, we, the writers, sat around the room for hours, talking about 'could we do this?', 'could we not do this?', and finally we decided to go for it."[49] However, the separated portions can be reconnected to the body provided that the Immortal has the pieces together and is in the condition to perform the reconnection. In Highlander III: The Sorcerer Immortal Kane reconnects the upper and lower portions of his body after Connor MacLeod cut him in half during their final battle. This may, however, have been Kane demonstrating his powers of illusion, i.e., that he only looked like he'd been cut in half.
Other[edit]
Some Immortals have different abilities such as the Guardian in The Source who has superhuman speed. The Japanese magician Nakano, the immortal mentor of Connor MacLeod from Highlander III: the Final Dimension, possesses the power of illusion. Immortal John Garrick has had clairvoyant powers since before his first death while Cassandra spent a thousand years refining her healing talent into a new skill: the power of hypnosis and suggestion, which she later passed onto her pupil Roland Kantos. In the T.V. series, Immortals are often seen drawing their weapons seemingly out of mid-air, even when there is obviously no way for the Immortal to conceal his or her weapon. This "power" is used sporadically, so its rules and limitations are ill-defined.
Way of life[edit]
Panzer thinks that "for the most part, Immortals are very much like ordinary people,"[50] and most of them do the same things as mortals. "Some make a lot of money. Some become Terrorists like Annie Devlin who is an IRA terrorist leader. Some become policemen because they like to fight. Some become great lovers. Some like Duncan MacLeod become righters of wrongs. And some like Kuyler, (...) become the highest paid, most successful assassin there's ever been."[51] Panzer and Abramowitz also reckon, "Most of the time, when we think about immortality, we think about the problems of immortality. The loneliness, the idea of losing loved ones over the centuries. The danger of being in conflict with other Immortals, (...) the solitude, the living a dark shadowy life. This show [Highlander: The Series, season 2, "Run For Your Life"] showcases how great it can be to be an immortal, how a man can, in three lifetimes, go from being a slave to being someone with hopes and dreams of becoming a professional baseball player, to finally someone who had hopes and dreams of actually changing the world."[50]
Immortals have much more time than mortals to mature their skills. Kuyler, mentioned above, lived for 354 years and killed 2760 people.[52] Immortals usually try to blend in. Panzer says, "it's pretty much life in a shadowy world, making sure that after twenty years or twenty-five years you leave the place you are, change your identity, because you're not getting older and people are gonna start to notice."[50] Connor MacLeod muses, "Do you think we ever lived like this, like a tribe, together with a common language, a reason and a name for each living thing? Did we once belong somewhere, a time, a place, however briefly?"[12]
In the same way, relationships between Immortals are like those of mortals. Panzer explains, "they have Immortal friends that they like, they have Immortals that they don't like, except from time to time they fight. (...) And from time to time Immortals run into each other, after twenty years, fifty years or hundred years."[50] Immortals can be friends, enemies, lovers, teachers, students or they can avoid their kind. The only difference is that they are supposed to play the Game, and trusting another Immortal can result in a severed head. "If it came down to us two, would you take my head?" asks Connor MacLeod to Ramirez, his mentor.[4]
Immortals rarely tell mortals about their immortality and even more rarely about the Game. Relationships between Immortals and mortals are difficult because while mortals grow old and die, Immortals remain the same and cannot have children. Mortals still chose sometimes to live with Immortals. Panzer recalls about the Highlander: The Series episode "The Sea Witch, "one of the issues of immortality that is intriguing is why does somebody chose to spend their mortal life with someone who won't grow old, and with whom they can't have children."[24] In this episode Tessa Noël, Duncan MacLeod's lover, gets to know a little girl and becomes very fond of her. She says, "For a while there, just for a few hours... I felt like she was mine. I liked how it felt. But she's not... I have my own life and it's more than enough." Panzer comments, "It brings home in a very powerful way what exactly she's giving up to be with MacLeod."[24] Immortals often come to despise mortals for their fragility. Abramovitz comments, "It's very easy for an Immortal to become cynical."[53]
The Watchers[edit]
Main article: Watcher (Highlander)
The Watchers are first introduced in the Highlander: The Series season 1 finale "The Hunters". They are a secret society founded centuries ago by some mortals who knew about Immortals and grew concerned about the winner of the Prize.[54] Panzer says they have been "observing Immortals, recording their history but not interfering, for thousands of years."[55] The Watchers have developed statistics about the potency of individual Immortals.[citation needed] Among the Watchers there is a small group of people called the Hunters.[56] As Panzer states, "the Hunters have decided that Immortals are a bad thing, they are a scourge, they are a plague on the Earth, and they are unnatural and immoral and must be removed. And they have been killing Immortals."[55] Their leader, James Horton, thinks that Immortals are "an abomination before nature and in the eyes of man," and claims that "There is no glory but ours. No destiny that is not of our making. (...) We will never be dominated. (...) We know about the Gathering. It's about power. There is nothing greater than the power of man."[56]
See also[edit]
List of Highlander characters
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Bill Panzer, at Thedigitalbits.com, last accessed September 4, 2007
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "Avenging Angel", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 7.
Jump up ^ Episode "Mountain Men", Final Shooting Script, p.47, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 9.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l Highlander, directed by Russell Mulcahy, EMI Films, Highlander productions, Limited, Twentieth Century Fox Film Corporation, 1986.
Jump up ^ David Abramowitz, Episode "Unholy Alliance, Part I", Bonus Material, David Abramowitz's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 2), (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2003), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Episode "Mountain Men", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 3.
Jump up ^ Episode "The Beast Below", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 6.
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "Saving Grace", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 6.
^ Jump up to: a b c Episode "Avenging Angel", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 7.
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "The Gathering", Final Shooting Script, p.6., in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 9.
^ Jump up to: a b c Episode "Free Fall", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 2.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i Episode "The Gathering", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disc 1.
Jump up ^ Episode "The Lady and the Tiger", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 6.
Jump up ^ Episode "Eye for an Eye", in Highlander: The Series (season 2) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2003), disk 1.
Jump up ^ Episode "Under Color of Authority", in Highlander: The Series (season 2) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2003), disk 2.
Jump up ^ Episode "The Gathering", Bonus Material, Watcher Chronicle, Article "Slan Quince", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 1.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Episode "Band of Brothers", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Episode "The Cross of St. Antoine", in Highlander: The Series, (season 3) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.), disc 1.
Jump up ^ Episode "For Evil's Sake", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Highlander III: The Sorcerer, directed by Andrew Morahan, produced by Fallingcloud, Initial Groupe, Transfilm, Lumiere, 1994.
^ Jump up to: a b c David Abramovitz, at Likesbooks.com, last accessed July 7, 2007.
Jump up ^ Highlander: The Series season 1 promotional trailer, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 8.
^ Jump up to: a b Mike Restaino (7 June 2005). "The Highlander Immortal Collection". DVDfile.com. Archived from the original on 3 Apr 2009. Retrieved 4 Sep 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Episode "The Sea Witch", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 3.
Jump up ^ Episode "Deliverance", in Highlander: The Series, (season 4) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.).
Jump up ^ Episode "Innocent Man", in Highlander: The Series, (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disc 2.
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "The Gathering", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 1.
Jump up ^ Episode "The Gathering", Final Shooting Script, p.41, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 9.
Jump up ^ Ginjer Buchanan, White Silence, Warner Books, 1999, ISBN 0-446-60634-0, p.30
Jump up ^ Episode "Family Tree", in Highlander: The Series, (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disc 1.
Jump up ^ Episode "Line Of Fire", in Highlander: The Series, (season 3) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.), disc 1.
Jump up ^ Highlander: The Search for Vengeance, directed by Yoshiaki Kawajiri, Davis-Panzer Productions, 2007.
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "The Lamb", in Highlander: The Series (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.)
Jump up ^ Episode "Reunion", in Highlander: The Series (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.)
Jump up ^ Highlander: Endgame, directed by Douglas Aarniokoski, Davis-Panzer Productions, Dimensions Films, Mandalay Pictures, 2000.
Jump up ^ Episode "For Tomorrow We Die", Bonus Material, Watcher Chronicle, Article "Xavier St. Cloud", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Episode "Avenging Angel", Bonus Material, Watcher Chronicle, Article "Alfred Cahill", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 7.
Jump up ^ Episode "Methos", in Highlander: The Series (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.)
Jump up ^ Episode "Archangel", in Highlander: The Series (season 5) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.)
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "Deadly Medicine", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 3.
Jump up ^ Episode "Timeless", in Highlander: The Series (season 4) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.)
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "For Tomorrow We Die", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Maureen Russell, Highlander: The Complete Watcher's Guide, Warner Books, 1998, p. 145, ISBN 0-446-67435-4.
^ Jump up to: a b Tony Gronick, in Maureen Russell, Highlander: The Complete Watcher's Guide, Warner Books, 1998, p. 148, ISBN 0-446-67435-4.
^ Jump up to: a b Vince Renaud, in Maureen Russell, Highlander: The Complete Watcher's Guide, Warner Books, 1998, p. 148, ISBN 0-446-67435-4.
Jump up ^ Episode "Pharaoh's Daughter", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 2) (DVD, Anchor Bay Entertainment, 2003), disk 6.
Jump up ^ Episode "Song of the Executioner", in Highlander: The Series (season 3) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc.).
Jump up ^ Episode "For Tomorrow We Die", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Episode "Unholy Alliance", Bonus Material, David Abramowitz's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 2) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2003), disk 5.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Episode "The Lady and the Tiger", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 6. Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; name "LTB" defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
Jump up ^ Episode "For Evil's Sake", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ Episode "For Evil's Sake", Bonus Material, Watcher Chronicle, article "Christoph Kuyler", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 5.
Jump up ^ David Abramovitz, at Mania.com Archived September 27, 2007, at the Wayback Machine., last accessed August 30, 2007
Jump up ^ Episode "The Watchers", in Highlander: The Series (season 2) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2003), disk 1.
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "The Hunters", Bonus Material, Bill Panzer's interview, in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 8.
^ Jump up to: a b Episode "The Hunters", in Highlander: The Series (season 1) (DVD, Davis-Panzer Productions, Inc., 2001), disk 8.
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Xander Harris
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Xander Harris
Buffy the Vampire Slayer character
Nicholas Brendon as Xander Harris in 2001.
First appearance
"Welcome to the Hellmouth" (1997)
Created by
Joss Whedon
Portrayed by
Nicholas Brendon
Information
Affiliation
Scooby Gang
Alexander Lavelle Harris is a fictional character created for the action-horror/fantasy television series Buffy the Vampire Slayer (1997–2003). He was developed by Joss Whedon and portrayed throughout the television series by Nicholas Brendon and in two episodes by his twin brother, Kelly Donovan. He was conceived as an everyman and a male character for series heroine Buffy Summers (Sarah Michelle Gellar) to interact with, and to provide comic relief in the series. Xander is one of several friends of Buffy who assist her in saving the world against numerous supernatural events that plague Sunnydale, California, a town built over a doorway to hell.
Xander is based in part on Whedon himself, particularly in his high school years; as such, he is often the most geeky as well as witty and verbose of Buffy's characters. The character's overriding arc through the series has been his struggle towards maturity and earning the respect of others. In the canonical comic book continuation of the series, Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight (2007–2011), Xander comes to achieve these goals in becoming the tactical leader of a global army of Vampire Slayers alongside Buffy.
Academic attention to the character has frequently come in the form of gender studies or with a focus on social class, reflecting Xander's working class home life and his fears of inadequacy. However, Xander's unique position as both outside and within the main group enhances his insight into the other characters, especially as the series continues; in Season Eight, he is Buffy's unofficial "Watcher". As such, his character is noted for being the one who observes and sees everything rightly. Critics have noted that although Xander frequently exhibits a struggle of masculinity, his storylines often focus on his romantic conquests. Following his unreciprocated love for Buffy, these include the tumultuous relationship with rich girl Cordelia Chase (Charisma Carpenter), brief fling with his best friend Willow (Alyson Hannigan) prior to her coming out, and his long-term relationship with ex-demon Anya (Emma Caulfield). In Season Eight, the character's older-brother relationship with Buffy's little sister Dawn (Michelle Trachtenberg) also develops along romantic lines, too late for Buffy to realize her compatibility with Xander.
The character of Xander Harris also appears in numerous items in the series Expanded Universe, such as comic books, tie-in novels and video games.
Contents
[hide]
1 Appearances
1.1 Television
1.2 Literature
1.3 Video games
2 Casting
3 Development
4 Reception
4.1 Impact
5 References
6 Further reading
7 External links
Appearances[edit]
Television[edit]
Xander, as he initially appeared before the loss of his eye during the final season.
Xander Harris is introduced in season one's (1997) two-part premiere "Welcome to the Hellmouth"/"The Harvest". Xander meets Buffy Summers (Gellar), the Slayer, on her first day at Sunnydale High, as well as her Watcher Rupert Giles (Anthony Head). After his friend Jesse (Eric Balfour) is made a vampire, Xander accidentally kills him, resulting in him resenting vampires. Xander and his best friend Willow (Hannigan) become Buffy's reliable sidekicks. He pines for Buffy's romantic affection, oblivious to Willow's affections for him, and distrusts Buffy's boyfriend, the ensouled vampire Angel (David Boreanaz). In the season finale, "Prophecy Girl", Xander saves Buffy's life by administering CPR after she is drowned by the Master (Mark Metcalf). In season two (1997-8), Xander begins a turbulent and ambiguous relationship with popular girl Cordelia Chase (Carpenter) after they are thrown together in several life-or-death situations. Xander is turned into a soldier in the episode "Halloween", and retains extensive military knowledge and training thereafter; in "Innocence", this knowledge proves essential to helping Buffy defeat a demon known as The Judge who had been believed practically invincible. When Cordelia decides she needs to break up to preserve her social status, Xander coerces witch Amy Madison (Elizabeth Anne Allen) to cast a love spell, which misfires; Cordelia is unaffected but, seeing how much Xander loves her, reunites with him in defiance of her former friends, in "Bewitched, Bothered and Bewildered". The episode "Go Fish" focuses on Xander, after he joins the swim team to investigate the disappearances of Sunnydale High swimmers. In the season finale "Becoming, Part Two", Xander decides not to tell Buffy about Willow's plan to re-ensoul Angel—who has lost his soul and is going to bring about the apocalypse— so that she will not hesitate to kill him in order to save the world.
Season three (1998-9) begins with Xander and his friends slaying demons since Buffy ran away to Los Angeles. When Cordelia catches Xander kissing Willow in "Lovers Walk", she dumps him, this time permanently, though they ultimately part as friends. "The Zeppo" is a comedic episode focusing on Xander: the episode begins with Cordelia mocking him as a "loser", which upsets him. A solo adventure begins when the rest of the Scoobies insist he stay away from the dangerous fight with the Sisterhood of Jhe; he borrows his uncle's classic car, loses his virginity to mentally unstable rogue Slayer Faith (Eliza Dushku), and single-handedly stops a band of zombies from destroying Sunnydale High School. His calm handling of the incident significantly enhances his self-confidence and, when again mocked by Cordelia, is unperturbed. Xander takes Anya (Caulfield), formerly vengeance demon Anyanka, to his prom in "The Prom", and his military training proves useful in defeating the evil Mayor (Harry Groener) in season finale "Graduation Day". In season four (1999–2000), Xander's feelings of inferiority and isolation increase, as he has not enrolled in college with his friends. Outside the core group, Xander strengthens his relationship with Anya and the two eventually fall in love. In the season four climax "Primeval", Xander becomes the "heart" in the spell, which conjoins him with Buffy, Willow and Giles to defeat Adam (George Hertzberg), a part-demon, part-human, cyborg monster. Finale episode "Restless" delves into the characters' psyches through dream sequences; Xander's dream involves his erotic attraction to Buffy's mom (Kristine Sutherland), Willow and her girlfriend Tara (Amber Benson), his fear of his abusive father, and features a re-enactment of 1979 film Apocalypse Now.
In season five (2000-1), Xander matures; he becomes a carpenter and construction worker, and moves into his own apartment with Anya. He comes under the thrall of Dracula in premiere episode "Buffy vs. Dracula", becoming his Renfield. The episode "The Replacement" focuses on the two aspects of Xander: the emotionally sensible, driven man, and the comedic buffoon. Xander-centric episode "Triangle" sees him defend Willow and Anya equally from Anya's ex-boyfriend Olaf the Troll (Abraham Benrubi) when ordered to choose between them. In the season finale, he asks Anya to marry him; he uses a wrecking ball to assist Buffy in fighting the season's villain, hell-goddess Glory (Clare Kramer). In season six (2001-2), Xander and his friends resurrect Buffy; this has consequences, and Buffy sinks into depression. Xander's doubts about his future with Anya are expressed when he summons the all-singing demon Sweet (Hinton Battle), in the musical episode "Once More, with Feeling". A demon exploits these fears in "Hell's Bells"; Xander leaves Anya heartbroken at the altar, and she returns to her old job as a vengeance demon. In the season finale, when a griefstricken Willow tries to end the world, only Xander's compassion and love for her is able to stop her. In season seven (2002-3), when Buffy's little sister Dawn (Michelle Trachtenberg) mistakenly believes herself to be a Potential Slayer, Xander empathizes with her disappointment over not being the one in the spotlight, in "Potential". Season seven episode "Conversations with Dead People" is the only Buffy episode in which Xander does not appear. In the episode "Dirty Girls", Xander's left eye is gouged out by the evil preacher Caleb (Nathan Fillion), and he begins wearing an eyepatch. Though he and Anya get back together, in the series finale, "Chosen", Anya is killed by a Bringer's sword. Andrew (Tom Lenk), the only witness to her death, tells him Anya died saving his life. Xander responds, "That's my girl. Always doing the stupid thing."
Though Brendon does not portray Xander again subsequent to "Chosen", the Angel episode "Damage" (2004) mentions that Xander is in Africa, recruiting newly activated Slayers for Buffy's team. Between 2001 and 2004, Joss Whedon and Jeph Loeb developed a 4-minute pilot episode for Buffy the Animated Series, which was set during the show's first season. Had the series been picked up by a network, it would have featured Xander (voiced by Nicholas Brendon) in more adventures set during Buffy's first season. Following a 2008 leak of the pilot to YouTube, Loeb expressed some hope that the series may be resurrected in some form.[1]
Literature[edit]
Xander along with Buffy in the comic book continuation Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight.
Concurrent with the television series, Xander appears in canonical tie-ins to the television series. Xander appears in most Buffy comics and novels (those set within Buffy's Sunnydale years), and is the featured character of several. The Xander Years, Vol 1. and Vol. 2 for instance are each novelization of three key Xander episodes from the show's first three seasons, spanning "Teacher's Pet" to "The Zeppo".
The 2004 comic "Antique" depicts Xander resuming his position as Dracula's loyal manservant at the vampire's Translyvanian castle for several months, before Buffy and two new Slayers rescue Xander.[2] Subsequently, the character appears three years later in the Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Eight series of comic books. Xander appears from the premiere issue, "The Long Way Home" (2007) by Joss Whedon. In Season Eight, Xander leads the Slayers and operates their central command in Scotland; Buffy describes him as her unwilling "Watcher". Xander invites comparison to Marvel Comics' character Nick Fury. Xander's new relationship with Slayer Renée is cut short when she is killed in "Wolves at the Gate" (2008) by Drew Goddard. Goddard's story is also a continuation to "Antique"; Xander ends his friendship with Dracula. In Jane Espenson's "Retreat" story arc (2009), as Buffy begins to realize she has developed a romantic attraction to Xander, she discovers his newfound romantic relationship with Dawn; Xander had previously been her confidante throughout Season Eight. Buffy tries to explain her feelings to Xander in Joss Whedon's "Turbulence" (2010), though he dismisses this feelings as her need for stability; Xander admits to Buffy, that he truly loves Dawn. In its final arc, "Last Gleaming" (2011), Xander witnesses a possessed Angel kill Giles in the ruins of Sunnydale, as well as Buffy's destruction of the source of all magic. Subsequently, he and Dawn settle down and move to San Francisco, where they allow Buffy to stay with them while she waitresses and hunts vampires by night.
In the follow-on comic book, Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Nine (2011–), Buffy has moved out of Xander and Dawn's home, and they have less contact with her than before. Following the events of Season Eight, Xander struggles to control his anger. In "Welcome to the Team" (2012–13), Dawn falls ill and begins to die as a result of magic's absence. What's more the world, including Xander and Buffy, is slowly forgetting she ever existed. In "The Watcher" (2013), the season's villains, mystical 'Siphon' Severin and rogue Slayer Simone persuade Xander to assist them in their plot to turn back time and avert Twilight. In the final arc, "The Core," Xander supplies them with information from an ancient tome on vampires Buffy owns. Acting on the same information, Buffy and Willow decide that the Deeper Well in England—a prison for ancient demons—may contain enough magic to save Dawn, and Xander travels with them. While entering the Well, Xander confesses his betrayal to Buffy and informs her of Severin's plan to use the magic in the Well to turn back time, which could destroy the universe. He stands beside Buffy when they discover Simone's ulterior motive for entering the Well; she has allowed herself to be sired by the very demon which created the first vampire, transforming herself into a powerful vampire/Slayer hybrid. During battle in the Well Severin dies as he explodes with power. The energy is absorbed by the new Seed of Wonder Willow had created, restoring magic to the world. Buffy dusts Simone and Willow returns everyone to San Francisco and saves Dawn with magic and Buffy's blood. Xander thinks Dawn feels different and is guiltily convinced she somehow knows about his betrayal, despite Buffy forgiving him and telling him he is being too hard on himself.
In Buffy the Vampire Slayer Season Ten (2014–), Xander has more of a starring role, and the first arc, "New Rules," is co-written by his former portrayer, Nicholas Brendon. Following Season Nine, Xander and Dawn's relationship is strained. Xander, wracked with guilt, is convinced something is odd about her, and has begun talking to possibly hallucinated visions of his ex-girlfriend Anya. He does not know, as Dawn later confesses to Buffy, that she is experiencing intense emotional anguish from reliving her entire life at the moment Willow brought her back. When Dracula rolls in to town to help the Slayer combat the threat of new, more powerful vampires with powers like his, Xander slips back into the manservant role and confesses to Dawn that he knows she does not really love him, which Dawn tearfully admits is true. After Xander is freed from Dracula's influence Dawn admits the truth of her emotional state to him and they agree to end their relationship. However, Xander pledges he will get Dawn to fall in love with him once again.
Video games[edit]
Xander appears in video games based on Buffy. Brendon lent his voice for Xander in the 2002 Buffy game for Xbox and the multi-console 2003 video game Buffy the Vampire Slayer: Chaos Bleeds, in which Xander is a playable character. In the 2002 game, Xander is not a playable character, but Buffy can acquire weapons from him over the course of the game. Chaos Bleeds is set in season five of the television series; in Xander's levels, he is sent to an alternate universe. After the level at Sunnydale High, he has to do battle with an alternate universe Anyanka, the level's boss; a magical tophat that releases rabbits evens their playing field slightly. Following the level at the zoo featured in "The Pack", Buffy battles against an evil alternate reality version of Giles, styled "Ripper". Chaos Bleeds prompted prequel comic books published by Dark Horse and a novelisation, which treats it as a "lost" episode of season five.
Casting[edit]
Kelly Donovan (left) would occasionally appear as a stunt double for Nicholas Brendon (right)
Nicholas Brendon's twin brother Kelly Donovan would often stunt double for Xander in the series, most notably in the episode "The Replacement", where dual Xanders appear on-screen at the same time. They both use stage names; their surname is Shultz; as children, they were inseparable. Before landing the role of Xander, Brendon had hit "rock bottom": his girlfriend had left him, he was working as a waiter and could barely afford his rent, and had almost given up on getting good work. After buying the wrong kind of Pop Tarts for his co-workers, his boss fired him and told him "You should be acting." Brendon was attracted to the pilot script for Buffy because of how much he had hated high school. Brendon recognised that Xander was based on Joss Whedon when he had attended high school, accounting for why Xander "gets all the good lines". Brendon did not get much acting work after Buffy finished, and went into an alcoholism rehabilitation centre in 2004.[3] As of 2007, as Niki Stafford notes in her Unofficial Guide, the actor has had comparatively more work since with stage productions.[4]
For the season five episode "The Replacement", where a demon splits Xander into two people along the lines of his immature and his more adult characteristics, Donovan is cast to play the "other" Xander in scenes where both appear onscreen together.[5] Both actors found playing the character together to be a fun experience.[4]
Development[edit]
Cordelia: It must be really hard when all your friends have, like, superpowers; Slayer, werewolf, witches, vampires; and you're, like, this little nothing. You must feel like Jimmy Olsen.
Xander: I was just talking to... hey, mind your own business.
Cordelia: Ooo, I struck a nerve. The boy that had no cool.
Cordelia mocks Xander for his lack of specialness in "The Zeppo"., right
One academic analysis of the series finds that Xander has much in common with the Harry Potter character Ron Weasley. The writer cites his proximity to the main character, his comparative working class status to best friend Willow (as with Weasley and Hermione), his status as an object of mockery in school. For both Xander and Ron, their comparative lack of special gifts "accentuates the loyalty and bravery... [each] offers as a friend" given that the characters often place themselves in mortal danger. Cordelia's statement to Xander in the Zeppo, which compares him to Superman character Jimmy Olsen, is noted as another example qualifying Xander's everyman status.[6]
Though Xander is often "the heart" of the Scooby Gang, in "The Zeppo" he is excluded from their battle against a hydra-like demon. Through the use of jump cuts between melodramatic scenes with Buffy, and for instance, informant Willy the Barkeeper (Saverio Guerra) to Xander and a gang of zombies in a drunken car journey, Xander is used as a vehicle to point out the ways in which Buffy ordinarily avoids being "over the top" by integrating Xander (as the show's source of humour) into the main narrative rather than separating the two. His loss of his virginity to Faith, for example, is musically cued as an anti-romantic parallel to the swelling, symphonic romance scene that Xander oversees between Buffy and Angel; on his departure from the carnal bed, the music is re-cued. The episode depicts Xander single-handedly saving the school, and potentially the world (given the Hellmouth beneath it) from an explosion in simultaneity against glimpses of the other Scoobies' struggles with the hydra demon. As the episode draws to a climax, the two settings begin to erode into one, as the demon breaks through walls in the basement and enters into the episode's Xander scenes. Stevenson notes that it is fitting for the character to have his most heroic moment in the school basement, given that in season four he will be reduced to living in his parents'; Xander's fears in "Restless" explore his feeling of being "trapped" in that basement. Wilcox argues that the basement is a representation of the subconscious, and that young carefree zombie Jack O'Toole (Channon Roe) represents Xander's id, his inner desires. The episode brings to light how the basis for heroism rests in the subconscious, and also how as the two battles increasingly merge, his friends cannot hope to save the world and save others unless Xander's battle with the Self is also won. In his confrontation with Jack, just as in his confrontation with Dark Willow in season six's "Grave", Xander saves the world through his words. As the "warrior of words", Wilcox feels that this makes Xander the character who most clearly represents series creator Joss Whedon.[7]
Throughout the series, Xander's family are seen to be highly dysfunctional and composed of alcoholics. Xander relates in "Amends" that he sleeps outside at Christmas to avoid the family quarrels. This leads him to seek a surrogate family in his friendships with Buffy, Willow and Giles. Xander lacks Giles's and Willow's academic intelligence, and Buffy's physical prowess. Cordelia is initially ashamed to be Xander's girlfriend. Throughout the series, Xander struggles to contribute meaningfully to the group dynamic. His dissatisfaction reaches a nadir in season four: Xander's physical dislocation from his college friends leads to a profound sense of being useless. In "Restless", his menial jobs and degrading habitat rise to the surface of his dream narrative. Before falling asleep, he begins to watch Apocalypse Now with Willow, Buffy and Giles, who comments, "Oh, I'm beginning to understand this now. It's all about the journey, isn't it." Xander's dream, in turn, is one of intense self-exploration. In his dream, Xander goes to use the bathroom, and is emasculated and infantilized by Buffy asking him if he needs any help: this scene shows Xander's "sense of insecurity and powerlessness". Nevertheless, he becomes lost and finds himself in his parents' basement. From there, he finds himself in his ice cream truck, where Anya asks if he knows what he is doing, underlining the aimlessness of his journey; he is in the basement once again. When suddenly he is in the army and Principal Snyder (as a character in Apocalypse Now) asks where he comes from, he says, "The basement, mostly." He fears that his military interrogator is correct in saying that he is "the whipping boy" and "set on a sacrificial stone". (This position of being less "chosen" for social inclusion and great things than his peers makes him uniquely able to comfort Dawn in season seven's "Potential".)[8]
Although "The Replacement" sets up its narrative as an evil twin television narrative trope, its catch is that both Xanders are in fact the real Xander. In this episode, Xander uncovers that he has the power within himself to be the adult, suave and confident man whom he had spent the episode envying. "The dual Xanders", Stephens argues, "represents the duality in all of us." The episode demonstrates that Xander is not defined by his weaker personality traits but by the core personality that is a merger of his stronger and weaker traits.[8] Xander's costume choices in various Halloween episodes show the audience his desire for macho credence: he comes, variously, as a cowboy, a soldier and as James Bond. As a soldier, he was in fact magically turned into his costume, and got to retain his macho status along with the useful military knowledge. Following this incident, his choice of costume represents explicitly whom he would like to actually become. Various episodes highlight Xander's intense bravery; for example, he faces down evil Angelus (Boreanaz) at Buffy's hospital door in the episode "Killed by Death", and he offers his life in place of Willow's in "Inca Mummy Girl". When Buffy prepares to face Angelus in the season two finale, he arrives with a rock in hand saying "Cavalry's here. Cavalry's a frightened guy with a rock, but it's here." Stephens argues that this makes up the essence of Xander's character; though powerless, he is always both loyal and brave. As his relationship with Dawn in "Potential" and his support of Buffy show, Xander finds that his real calling seems to be in his role as the "eternal supporter".[8] One journalist describes the character as a modern-day Greek Chorus, always an outsider looking in, and a version of Joss Whedon himself. One author writes that the focus of Xander's character development has always been his quest for maturity.[4]
While their characters were an item, Brendon was close friends with Charisma Carpenter, who portrays Cordelia. When they broke up on the show, and Cordelia transitioned to the spin-off Angel, he commented that they had hardly spoken due to being in different scenes all the time. This felt like a real-life breakup in many ways. When Xander got to become serious with Anya in season five, the actor commented that it was nice to see Xander mature after four years of playing the "nerd".[4] Lorna Jowett feels that Xander's romances throughout the season almost seem to "make up" for the character's shortcomings,[9] which Stafford attributes to Xander's origin as Whedon's author surrogate in the show.[4] Anya comments that Xander is "a Viking in the sack" in "The Yoko Factor", indicating not just masculinity but also virility. Within the show, gay character Larry mistakes Xander for being gay, and Xander's unguarded comments towards Spike have led some fans who write fan fiction to depict Xander as being gay. Jowett attributes this to Xander's internal struggles (which concern a crisis of masculinity and his role amongst his friends) do not contain a readily accessible solution for viewers to hold onto. She argues that some fans see this as a "stumbling block", perhaps unconsciously, to recognising the character's masculinity and at a wider level, in constructing a notion of contemporary masculinity.[9]
In the DVD commentary for the episode "Dirty Girls", writer Drew Goddard mentions there was talk of killing off Xander towards the end of Season Seven and having the First Evil assume Xander's appearance when conversing with Buffy for the remainder of the season. This was ultimately rejected since Xander was thought to be too important to the series, and his death occurring so late in the season would leave little time to deal with it correctly, and that throughout the series' run, Xander was the one character who never wavered, and to punish that characteristic with death would send a message the staff wasn't trying to convey. Instead of killing Xander, he was blinded in one eye.
Reception[edit]
For his role as Xander, Brendon was nominated for Saturn Award in 1998 and 1999 for Best Genre TV Actor and in 2000 for the Supporting Actor.[10] Later critiques of Xander's character regarded him less sympathetically, regarding him as a "Nice Guy™".[11]
Impact[edit]
"The Zeppo" in season three was a Xander-centric episode, which only featured the other characters in humorous aside glimpses of their struggle to save the world. This episode has proved very influential on later television writers. In his "Production Notes: Doodles in the Margins of Time" in 2007, Doctor Who executive producer Russell T Davies cites "The Zeppo" along with Star Trek: The Next Generation episode "Lower Decks" as an influence on his 2006 Doctor Who episode "Love & Monsters".[12] The episode provided a television format that came to be known as the "Doctor-lite episode", an annual tradition for Doctor Who from 2006 to 2008, often featuring a significant guest star carrying the bulk of the acting responsibilities as Doctor Who has a much smaller cast than Buffy.[13]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Vineyard, Jennifer (2008-08-26). "'Buffy The Vampire Slayer' Animated Series To Be Resurrected?". MTV Movies Blog. MTV.com. Retrieved 2008-09-05.
Jump up ^ "Tales of the Vampires #3, "Antique" (2004)
Jump up ^ "Former Buffy star Brendon enters rehab". Whedon.info. April 30, 2004
^ Jump up to: a b c d e Stafford, Niki (2007). Bite Me!: The Unofficial Guide to Buffy the Vampire Slayer: The Chosen Edition. Ontario: ECW Press.
Jump up ^ Koontz, K. Dale (2008). "Notes on Chapter 3". Faith and choice in the works of Joss Whedon. McFarland & Company. p. 195.
Jump up ^ Wilcox, Ronda (2005). "When Harry Met Buffy". Why Buffy Matters: The Art of Buffy the Vampire Slayer. London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd, and Palgrave Macmillan (distributor). pp. 66–78.
Jump up ^ Wilcox, Ronda (2005). "When Harry Met Buffy". Laughter: For Those of Us in the Audience Who Are Me. London: I.B. Tauris & Co. Ltd, and Palgrave Macmillan (distributor). pp. 129–145.
^ Jump up to: a b c Stephens, Gregory (2003). "Identity and the Quest for Self". Televised Morality: The case of Buffy the Vampire Slayer. Maryland: Hamilton Books. pp. 91–104.
^ Jump up to: a b Jowett, Lorna (2005). Sex and the Slayer. Wesleyan University Press.
Jump up ^ "Awards for Nicholas Brendon". IMDb. Retrieved 2010-07-24.
Jump up ^ "Reconsidering the Feminism of Joss Whedon". www.themarysue.com. Retrieved 16 March 2017.
Jump up ^ "Review: Doctor Who 2x10 - Love and Monsters". The Medium is Not Enough. 2006-06-19. Retrieved 2010-07-24.
Jump up ^ "'Doctor-Light': The Doctorless 'Who' Stories". Digital Spy. 2008-06-22. Retrieved 2010-07-24.
Further reading[edit]
Whaley, Katherine E. (Winter 2014 – Spring 2015). "There's nothing wrong with my body': Xander as a Study in Defining Capability of the Disabled Body in Buffy the Vampire Slayer" (PDF). Slayage. 12.2/13.1 [40-41]. ISSN 1546-9212.
External links[edit]
United States portal
Television portal
Fictional characters portal
The BtVS Writers' Guild - Main character page for The BtVS Writers' Guild featuring Xander's various incarnations and relationships. Each page features character profiles, essays on the character and writing, as well as fan fiction and links.
Buffyverse Dialogue DB:: Xander - Character profile for Xander Harris including his main story arcs and a detailed list of episodes and script lines.
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