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Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (soundtrack)
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Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) is the soundtrack album for the Marvel Studios film Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2. Featuring the songs present on Peter Quill's mixtape in the film, the album was released by Hollywood Records on April 21, 2017. A separate film score album, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score), composed by Tyler Bates, was also released by Hollywood Records on the same date. Awesome Mix Vol. 2 was the United States' eighth best-selling album of 2017 with 600,000 copies.
Contents
[hide]
1 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
1.1 Background
1.2 Track listing
1.3 Commercial performance
1.4 Charts
1.4.1 Weekly charts
1.4.2 Year-end charts
1.5 Certifications
1.6 Accolades
2 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score)
2.1 Background
2.2 Track listing
3 References
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)[edit]
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack)
Soundtrack album by Various artists
Released
April 21, 2017
Studio
Various, across the United States and the United Kingdom
Genre
Rock
soundtrack
Length
51:59
Label
Hollywood
Marvel Music
Marvel Cinematic Universe soundtrack chronology
Doctor Strange
(2016) Doctor Strange2016 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2
(2017) Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 22017 Spider-Man: Homecoming
(2017) Spider-Man: Homecoming2017
Background[edit]
By August 2014, Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 writer and director James Gunn had "some ideas listed, but nothing for sure" in terms of songs to include in Quill's Awesome Mix Vol. 2 mixtape.[1] In April 2015, Gunn said he felt "a little pressure for the soundtrack because so many people loved [the first film's soundtrack] and we went platinum and all that other stuff. But I feel like the soundtrack in the second one is better."[2] In June 2015, Gunn stated that all of the songs for Awesome Mix Vol. 2 had been chosen and built into the script.[3] One of the most exciting things for Gunn in selecting the songs for the album "was knowing I would be making bands that may have been forgotten suddenly be a topic of conversation."[4] Gunn had hoped to include "She's Gone" by Hall & Oates in the film, calling it "one of the greatest pop songs ever written", but could not find a place for it,[5] as with "Teenage Lament '74" by Alice Cooper.[6] In January 2016, Gunn stated that he had chosen an additional Bowie song to appear in the film (after "Moonage Daydream" was featured in the first film) but had cut the original scene it was featured in. The inclusion would have made Bowie the only artist to be featured on both mixtapes. With Bowie's death however, Gunn hoped to find a way to include the chosen song somewhere else in the film as a "fair and appropriate" way to honor him, as Bowie was one of Gunn's idols.[7] Gunn called the Awesome Mix Vol. 2 "more diverse" than the first one, with "some really incredibly famous songs and then some songs that people have never heard."[8]
The film's trailers featured Sweet's "Fox on the Run",[9] George Harrison's "My Sweet Lord", Fleetwood Mac's "The Chain", Jay and the Americans' "Come a Little Bit Closer",[10] Bowie's "Suffragette City",[11] and Parliament's "Flash Light",[12] which Gunn noted were all being considered for inclusion on the Awesome Mix Vol. 2.[13] "Fox on the Run" and Cheap Trick's "Surrender" had been considered for inclusion in the first film on Awesome Mix Vol. 1.[14]
"Mr. Blue Sky" by Electric Light Orchestra (ELO) is included in the beginning of the film, which Gunn felt was "the perfect song to start the movie because it's really joyous, but there's a really dark underpinning to it," and felt it would go well with "the most hugely insane shot I've ever done".[4] The sequence originally included the ELO song "Livin' Thing".[15] Acquiring the rights to "Mr. Blue Sky" proved difficult for Gunn, noting Marvel "had to really fight to get the song, and I personally appealed to Jeff Lynne," which was made harder due to Lynne previously approving a song for the first film which ended up being cut. Gunn added that "The Chain" and "Brandy (You're a Fine Girl)" were the two songs that were "the most deeply embedded into the fibers of the film."[4] Looking Glass lead guitarist and vocalist Elliot Lurie felt the inclusion of "Brandy (You're a Fine Girl)" in the film allowed for a deeper meaning to be explored from the song, noting "maybe, in retrospect, subconsciously [the song] was a metaphor. [The film] is certainly the use that has shined the brightest light on the song since it was originally a hit."[16]
Skip Haynes, the only surviving member of Aliotta Haynes Jeremiah, "was so thrilled" that Lake Shore Drive, a regional hit in the Midwest where Gunn grew up, was included and "rescued from historical oblivion", that he "recorded a new version incorporating the director’s name into the chorus."[17] "Guardians Inferno" is an original song for the film, co-written by Gunn and score composer Tyler Bates, "meant as a sort of Guardians take on Meco's disco Star Wars theme ["Star Wars Theme/Cantina Band"]."[4] David Hasselhoff was chosen as the vocalist because he is one of Peter Quill's childhood heroes, and Gunn was a fan of Hasselhoff when he starred on Knight Rider.[4][18] Edgar Wright, director of Baby Driver, consulted with Gunn before Vol. 2 released, to ensure the two films would not feature the same songs on their soundtracks.[19]
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol.2: Awesome Mix Volume 2 (Original Motion Picture Soundtrack) was released by Hollywood Records on April 21, 2017.[4] It was released on cassette on June 23, 2017 and on vinyl LP on August 11, 2017. The vinyl version is a deluxe edition featuring Bates' original score from the film.[20] Marvel and Doritos partnered for their Rock Out Loud campaign to create "a custom-designed, limited-edition series of Doritos bags featuring a built-in cassette tape deck-inspired player that plays" Awesome Mix Vol. 2 and can be recharged. The custom bags were available to purchase on April 28, 2017 on Amazon.com. In addition, on May 5, 2017, Doritos hosted Rock Out Loud pop-up recording booths in New York and Los Angeles, where fans got the chance to sing one of the songs from Awesome Mix Vol. 2 and "have the opportunity to win various prizes, including the custom cassette player replica Doritos bags, concert and other event tickets, and free bags of Doritos."[21]
On August 6, 2017, Marvel released the music video of "Guardians Inferno" to promote the home media release of the film. The 1970s-style video was directed by David Yarovesky, and features Hasselhoff alongside James Gunn, Chris Pratt, Zoe Saldana, Dave Bautista, Pom Klementieff, Karen Gillan, Michael Rooker and Sean Gunn. Stan Lee and Guillermo Rodriguez also make cameo appearances on the video.[22][23]
Track listing[edit]
All songs—with the exception of "Fox on the Run", which is played in the trailer—are featured in the film.[4] Also featured in the film was the song "Un Deye Gon Hayd (The Unloved Song)" by Jimmy Urine. It was written for the film and appears during the scene on Contraxia.[24]
No.
Title
Artist(s)
Length
1. "Mr. Blue Sky" Electric Light Orchestra 5:03
2. "Fox on the Run" Sweet 3:25
3. "Lake Shore Drive" Aliotta Haynes Jeremiah 3:49
4. "The Chain" Fleetwood Mac 4:27
5. "Bring It on Home to Me" Sam Cooke 2:43
6. "Southern Nights" Glen Campbell 2:57
7. "My Sweet Lord" George Harrison 4:37
8. "Brandy (You're a Fine Girl)" Looking Glass 3:03
9. "Come a Little Bit Closer" Jay and the Americans 2:46
10. "Wham Bam Shang-A-Lang" Silver 3:32
11. "Surrender" Cheap Trick 4:14
12. "Father and Son" Cat Stevens 3:39
13. "Flash Light" Parliament 4:28
14. "Guardians Inferno" The Sneepers featuring David Hasselhoff 3:16
Total length: 51:59
Commercial performance[edit]
The album debuted at number eight on the Billboard 200 chart with 34,000 units in its first week, almost all of which came from traditional album sales.[25] It later peaked at number four, reaching 87,000 units, again nearly all traditional album sales.[26] Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2: Awesome Mix Vol. 2 finished 2017 as the country's eighth highest-selling album with 600,000 copies,[27] and has been certified Gold by the Recording Industry Association of America (RIAA).[28]
Charts[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2017)
Peak
position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[29]
2
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)[30]
3
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Flanders)[31]
13
Belgian Albums (Ultratop Wallonia)[32]
20
Canadian Albums (Billboard)[33]
6
Dutch Albums (MegaCharts)[34]
44
French Albums (SNEP)[35]
24
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[36]
6
Hungarian Albums (MAHASZ)[37]
32
Italian Compilation Albums (FIMI)[38]
3
Mexican Albums (AMPROFON)[39]
8
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[40]
4
Polish Albums (ZPAV)[41]
17
Spanish Albums (PROMUSICAE)[42]
7
Swiss Albums (Schweizer Hitparade)[43]
9
US Billboard 200[26]
4
Year-end charts[edit]
Chart (2017)
Position
Australian Albums (ARIA)[44]
9
Austrian Albums (Ö3 Austria)[45]
34
German Albums (Offizielle Top 100)[46]
62
Mexican Albums (AMPROFON)[47]
64
New Zealand Albums (RMNZ)[48]
42
US Billboard 200[49]
43
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[50]
Gold 35,000^
Canada (Music Canada)[51]
Gold 40,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[52]
Gold 100,000^
United States (RIAA)[53]
Gold 600,000[27]
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
Accolades[edit]
Year
Award
Category
Result
Ref(s)
2018 Billboard Music Awards Top Soundtrack Pending [54]
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score)[edit]
Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score)
Film score by Tyler Bates
Released
April 21, 2017 (2017-04-21)
Recorded
January 2017
Studio
Abbey Road Studios
Genre
Film score
Length
43:34
Label
Hollywood
Marvel Music
Tyler Bates chronology
John Wick: Chapter 2
(2017)John Wick: Chapter 22017 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2
(2017) Atomic Blonde
(2017)Atomic Blonde2017
Marvel Cinematic Universe soundtrack chronology
Doctor Strange
(2016) Doctor Strange2016 Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2
(2017) Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 22017 Spider-Man: Homecoming
(2017) Spider-Man: Homecoming2017
Background[edit]
Tyler Bates had returned to score the film by August 2015.[55] As with Guardians of the Galaxy, Bates wrote some of the score first so that Gunn could film to the music, as opposed to Bates scoring to the film.[56] Recording for the score began in January 2017 at Abbey Road Studios.[57] Guardians of the Galaxy Vol. 2 (Original Score) was released by Hollywood Records on April 21, 2017,[58] and on vinyl LP on August 11, 2017, as part of a deluxe edition that also includes Awesome Mix Volume 2.[20]
Track listing[edit]
All music composed by Tyler Bates[58].
No.
Title
Length
1. "Showtime a-Holes" 1:27
2. "vs the Abilisk" 2:35
3. "The Mantis Touch" 1:53
4. "Space Chase" 3:20
5. "Family History" 3:48
6. "Groot Expectations" 1:57
7. "Mammalian Bodies" 1:50
8. "Starhawk" 1:49
9. "Two-Time-Galaxy Savers" 3:01
10. "I Know Who You Are" 4:20
11. "Ego" 2:47
12. "Kraglin and Drax" 1:34
13. "The Expansion" 1:05
14. "Mary Poppins and the Rat" 3:07
15. "Gods" 1:28
16. "Dad" 2:28
17. "A Total Hasselhoff" 2:01
18. "Sisters" 2:05
19. "Guardians of the Frickin Galaxy" 0:59
Total length: 43:34
References[edit]
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text:
Brach's
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to navigation Jump to search
Brach's
Product type
Confectionery
Owner
Ferrara Candy Company
Introduced
1904
Markets
United States
Tagline
Break Out the Brach's
Website
www.brachs.com
Brach's Confections /ˈbrɑːks/ is a candy and sweets company headquartered in Oakbrook Terrace, Illinois. In November 1980, Brach's Confections was sold to Bertram Johnson[1] and then in 2012, it merged with the Ferrara Pan Candy Company to form the Ferrara Candy Company. It is known as "America's Candy Maker" to pay tribute to their long tradition of making and selling candies in the United States since 1904.
Contents
1 History
2 Products
2.1 Candy Corn
2.2 Conversation Hearts
2.3 Nougats
2.4 Jelly Bird Eggs
2.5 Chocolates
2.6 Other candies
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
Founded in 1904 by Emil J. Brach, he invested his life savings, $1,000, in a storefront candy store. He named it "Brach's Palace of Sweets" and it was located at the corner of North Avenue and Towne Street in Chicago, Illinois. With his sons Edwin and Frank, he started with one kettle. Investing in additional equipment he was able to lower his production costs and sell his candy for 20 cents per pound, well below the more typical 50 cents per pound his competitors were charging. By 1911 his production had reached 50,000 pounds per week.[2]
By 1923, Brach had 4 factories operating at capacity. Brach then invested $5 million in a new factory, beginning construction in 1921. It was built at 4656 West Kinzie Street, and consolidated production into one building. At the time, they were producing 127 different varieties of candy and had a capacity of 2,225,000 pounds per week. Over the years, this new plant was expanded and investments in new processes and equipment were made, including its own chocolate grinding plant and a large panning operation. In 1948, after an electrical spark ignited corn starch, a massive explosion on the plant's third floor killed 11 employees and injured 18. Much of the factory's north side was destroyed. Reconstruction brought the plant's capacity up to more than 4 million pounds of product per year, and it employed 2,400 workers,[2] in 2,200,000 square feet (200,000 m2). It was recognized as the largest candy manufacturing plant in the world at the time.[3] At its peak, 4,500 employees worked there. The plant was eventually abandoned in 2003 when new owners took over operations (see below) and production was moved primarily to Mexico. An administrative building was blown up for a special effects scene in The Dark Knight Batman movie in August, 2007,[4] the rest of the complex is in ruins awaiting its eventual demolition.
Prior to World War II, Brach's produced several candy bars, including a chocolate-covered, honeycombed, peanut butter Swing Bar as well as a mint and almond nougat bar. After the war Brach's concentrated on bulk and bagged candies. It was in the period after the war that Halloween Trick or Treating became a popular activity. Brach's promoted its candy corn and other fall-themed candies, available in single-serve, pre-packaged packets.[2]
In 1958 Brach's introduced the Pick-A-Mix concept. Customers could choose from a wide selection of products, scooping items of their choosing, and paying one price per pound. This was adapted from the barrels seen in general stores at the time.[2] This concept brought the declining traditional method of buying candy at the local corner or general store into the era of the modern supermarket.
In 1966, American Home Products Corporation purchased the company. In 1986, the last year of ownership by American Home Products, it accounted for two-thirds of the U.S. market for bagged candy and 7% of the $9 billion U.S. candy market. It employed 3,700 and had an estimated pretax profit of more than $75 million[5][6] on sales of $640 million.
In 1980 Bertram Johnson purchased the company for $730 million and by the end of 1989, it was in serious trouble. Losses that year were an estimated $50 million and sales had decreased to $470 million. By 1993, sales had dropped to $400 million though losses were reduced somewhat to $26 million. All this occurred during a period when overall per capita candy consumption in the U.S. had increased 25%. By May, 1994, Brach's moved its headquarters from the plant property to a penthouse office in one of Chicago's wealthiest suburbs, saw a loss of nearly 900 jobs (42% of the workforce at that time), and suffered a loss of key customers and market share.[3][7]
Bertram Johnson almost immediately fired Brach's top officers and gutted the leadership of its sales, marketing, production and finance departments. Some of these positions were filled with executives from Suchard's European operations; people with little experience in the candy industry (see: Favorite Brands above). Former executives cited Jacobs Suchard's autocratic management style and inability to recognize the difference between American and European candy consumption habits. The name of the company was changed to Jacobs Suchard Inc., a name few retailers or consumers recognized and product lines were trimmed from 1,700 to 400 in an attempt to cut costs.[3] This alienated many of its largest customers, including Walgreens and Walmart, who found other sources, including Farley Candy. In addition to the cuts in product selection, Brach's also chose to curtail holiday promotional activities.[6][8]
In 1990, Phillip Morris purchased Jacobs Suchard for $3.8 billion, except for its U.S. subsidiary. A holding company named Van Houten & Zoon Holding AG was formed by Klaus Jacobs to run Brach and other businesses. Disagreements with Klaus Jacobs on marketing and management strategies continued, particularly over commodity vs. branded (Brach's) products. In 1993 alone, Brach's saw 3 different CEO's, and continued to experience a high rate of turnover and dismissals within the sales and marketing departments. Many of Brach's sales personnel left to work for its competitors.[9]
In September 1994, Bertram Johnson purchased the Brock Candy Company of Chattanooga for $140 million, a year in which Brock Candy had sales of $112 million and profits of $6.5 million. This was the second attempt by the two companies to join together. The first time had been while E.J. Brach's was under American Home Products ownership. The merger attempt at that time was canceled due to concerns of an antitrust suit.
For a time the new company operated as the Brach and Brock Candy Company. This was later changed to Brach's Confections.
In 2003, Barry Callebaut AG purchased the new company. The principal owner of Brach's, KJ Jacobs AG, was also a majority stakeholder in Barry Callebaut. As part of the deal, Barry Callebaut agreed to assume $16 million in debt, fund restructuring efforts for 5 years and paid a symbolic $1 (one dollar) for the company.
In 2007, the company was sold to the Farley's & Sathers Candy Company, which in turn merged with the Ferrara Pan Candy Company in 2012 to form the Ferrara Candy Company.
Products[edit]
The company's first product were caramels, which it produced through a process which allowed it to underprice competition, creating a large demand. This product is still a company mainstay to the present day along with a large variety of other products including a line of everyday products and special seasonal offerings.
Candy Corn[edit]
Brach's candy corn
Brach's Candy Corn is the number one selling candy corn product in the United States. It is mostly associated with Halloween, but can also be bought year round, though it is subject to seasonal availability. It is available in a wide variety of flavors such as Pumpkin Spice, S'mores and Caramel.
Conversation Hearts[edit]
Brach's Conversation Hearts are small heart-shaped sugar candies sold around Valentine's Day. Each conversation heart is printed with a message such as "Be Mine," "Kiss Me", "Call Me" and "Miss You". They are now being made in a number of sizes and themes including Emoticon and Alphabet hearts.
Nougats[edit]
Brach's chewy sweet confections are available seasonally in different flavors. The flavors vary from year to year but in recent years there have been Peppermint, Wintergreen, and Cinnamon for the Christmas season; Candy Corn flavored for Halloween; and Ice Cream flavors for Easter.
Jelly Bird Eggs[edit]
Brach's Original Jelly Bird Eggs are an Easter season mainstay. In addition to the Original mix, they are available in Spiced, Speckled, Orchard Fruit and Sour flavors. For the 2015 Easter season, they also released Tiny and Jumbo sized version of the Classic flavor mix.
Chocolates[edit]
In addition to the variety of seasonal products, Brach's is known for their long tradition of chocolates. Malt Balls, Double Dipped Peanuts, Almond Supremes and the ever popular Bridge Mix are among the many offerings. For Easter, the Malt Balls are egg-shaped and covered in a speckled candy shell, in either all white, or pastel mix. They are called Fiesta Malted Milk Eggs.
Other candies[edit]
Brach's Sundaes Neapolitan Coconut, out of production since 2012
Brach's is known for year round candies as well. Brach's Star Brite Mints being among the best known of all of them. Also produced are Caramel Royals, Lemon Drops, Spice Drops and Maple Nut Goodies and many more.
See also[edit]
Helen Brach
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Brach's Candy Sold to Farley's & Sathers Candy". Winona Daily News. 18 September 2007. Retrieved 10 October 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Leslie Goddard (2012). Chicago's Sweet Candy History. Arcadia Publishing. pp. 9, 25–26, 71–73, 86, 90, 94, 118. ISBN 978-0-7385-9382-1.
^ Jump up to: a b c E.J. Brach: A Misadventure in Candy Land. Dr. Robert Ginsburg, Xiaochang Jin, and Sheila McCann. Midwest Center for Labor Research. May, 1994
Jump up ^ Kristen Kridel; Monique Garcia (2007-08-30). "That's a Wrap". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 2014-07-03.
Jump up ^ Financial Times. September 20, 1990
^ Jump up to: a b Arrogance Goethe Before A Fall. Amy Feldman. Forbes. September 30, 1991
Jump up ^ George Lazarus (July 28, 1993). "Brach Gets Its 3rd Ceo In 18 Months". Chicago Tribune. On marketing.
Jump up ^ Merrill Goozner (April 22, 1990). "Global Vision Fails E.j. Brach`s Foreign Owners: Sales Tumble As U.s. Candy Market Grows". Chicago Tribune.
Jump up ^ Signs of Trouble Dogging E.J. Brach. Frederick Lowe. Chicago Sun-Times. February 22, 1994
External links[edit]
Ferrara Candy Company website
Brach's website
hide
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Confectionery products of Ferrara Candy Company
Atomic Fireball
Bobs Candies
Brach's
Chuckles
Sathers
Fruit Stripe
Jujyfruits
Jujubes
Jaw Busters
Lemonhead
Now and Later
Original Boston Baked Beans
Rain-Blo
Red Hots
Super Bubble
Trolli USA
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This page was last edited on 14 October 2018, at 23:25 (UTC).
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
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text:
Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta
Genre
Reality television
Created by
Datari Turner
Starring
Bow Wow
Zonnique Pullins
Reginae Carter
Shaniah Mauldin
Ayana Fite
Brandon Barnes
Country of origin
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
2
No. of episodes
13
Production
Executive producer(s)
Datari Turner
Shad Moss
Tara Long
Tameka Harris
Running time
42 to 44 minutes
Release
Original network
WE tv
Picture format
480i (SDTV)
1080i (HDTV)
Original release
May 25, 2017 (2017-05-25) – present
Chronology
Related shows
Growing Up Hip Hop
External links
Website
Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta is the second installment of the Growing Up Hip Hop reality television franchise on WE tv. The series premiered on May 25, 2017, and chronicles the lives of the children of hip hop legends in Atlanta. On November 2, 2017, WE tv announced that Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta was renewed for a second season, which will premiere on January 11, 2018. The series was created by Datari Turner and is executive produced by Datari Turner Productions and Entertainment One Studios.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
1.1 Main
1.2 Supporting
1.3 Guest
2 Series overview
3 Episodes
3.1 Season 1 (2017)
3.2 Season 2 (2018)
4 References
Cast[edit]
Main[edit]
Cast member
Seasons
1
2
Bow Wow Main
Zonnique Pullins Main
Reginae Carter Main
Shaniah Mauldin Main
Ayana Fite Main
Brandon Barnes Main
Bow Wow
Real name Shad Moss, Moss himself is already a Hip Hop legend, having released his first album Beware of Dog in 2000 as Lil' Bow Wow at the age of 13 under the guidance of Snoop Dogg and Jermaine Dupri. He has released five other studio albums since his debut. Moss was the host of the music video countdown show 106 & Park from 2012 to 2014. Moss has acted in many movies and television shows including Like Mike and CSI: Cyber. The first season showcases Bow Wow returning to Atlanta to record his final studio album and reconnecting with his father[1].
Zonnique Pullins
Daughter of R&B legend Tameka "Tiny" Cottle-Harris and stepdaughter of Hip Hop legend T.I.. Pullins first came to public attention appearing in Tiny & Toya and later in T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle. Pullins was formerly a member of the OMG Girlz, which released a number of singles including "Gucci This (Gucci That)" and which was nominated for a "NAACP Image Award" for Best New Artist. Pullins recently released her first solo EP titled "Love Jones". In the first season, Zonnique attempts to take control of her music career by finding a new manager in Deb Antney[2].
Reginae Carter
Daughter of Hip Hop legend Lil Wayne and Toya Wright. Carter has previously appeared in Tiny & Toya with her mother. Carter was a founding member of the OMG Girlz, but left the group before any singles were released. Carter appeared on My Super Sweet 16 in 2015, which showcased her Sweet 16. In the first season, Reginae has a major conflict with Brandon when he disrespects her father[3].
Shaniah Mauldin
Daughter of legendary Hip Hop producer Jermaine Dupri.
Ayana Fite
Daughter of the legendary DJ Hurricane. In the first season, Ayana tries to become more serious with her girlfriend Amy and, being Brandon's cousin[4] , finds herself in the middle of Reginae and Brandon's beef.

Brandon Barnes
Son of legendary Hip Hop manager Debra Antney. The first season showcases a major conflict between him and Reginae after he disrespects her father. Also, he tries to become a well known artist developer[2].
Supporting[edit]
Cast member
Seasons
1
2
Deb Antney Supporting
Da Brat Supporting
Jermaine Dupri Supporting
Toya Wright Supporting
Tameka "Tiny" Harris Supporting
DJ Hurricane Supporting
Jhonni Blaze Guest Supporting
Deb Antney
Mother of Brandon Barnes and Waka Flocka Flame. Deb has developed the career of her son Waka along with Gucci Mane and Nicki Minaj. Deb comes into conflict with Brandon, Toya, and Tiny in the first season.
Da Brat
Da Brat is a female rapper who was the first female rapper to go platinum with her album Funkdafied. Da Brat is currently apart of The Rickey Smiley Morning Show and Dish Nation. Da Brat serves as a support system for Bow Wow in the first season, and both Bow Wow and $ir D Da Realist in season two.
Jermaine Dupri
Father of Shaniah Mauldin. Jermaine Dupri is a rapper who has produced many songs and created many careers, including Bow Wow. Jermaine pushes Bow Wow to move to Atlanta to be more focused with his music.
Toya Wright
Mother of Reginae Carter. Toya has previously appeared on Tiny & Toya and Toya: A Family Affair. Toya comes into conflict with Deb and Brandon after Brandon disrespects Lil Wayne.
Tameka "Tiny" Harris
Mother of Zonnique Pullins. Tiny is a member of the R&B group Xscape and has appeared on other reality shows like Tiny & Toya and T.I. & Tiny: The Family Hustle. In the first season, Tiny has an issue with Zonnique finding another manager and she supports Toya.
DJ Hurricane
Father of Ayana Fite. DJ Hurricane is a producer and DJ best known for working with the Beastie Boys. Hurricane supports Ayana with her future clothing line and her relationship with Amy.
Jhonni Blaze (Season 2–present) (guest appearance in season 1)
Deb's artist.
Guest[edit]
Amy
$ir D Da Realist
Series overview[edit]
Season
Episodes
Originally aired
First aired
Last aired
1 8 May 25, 2017 (2017-05-25) July 13, 2017 (2017-07-13)
2 10 January 11, 2018 March 2018
Episodes[edit]
Season 1 (2017)[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
1
1 "Lil' Trouble in the A" May 25, 2017 (2017-05-25) 0.679[5]
2
2 "You Don't Work with Rihanna" June 1, 2017 (2017-06-01) 0.452[6]
3
3 "Bow Down to Your Mother" June 8, 2017 (2017-06-08) 0.591[7]
4
4 "U Don't Know Me" June 15, 2017 (2017-06-15) 0.625[8]
5
5 "Watch Me Flip, Watch Me Nae Nae" June 22, 2017 (2017-06-22) 0.666[9]
6
6 "Problems and Sound is One" June 29, 2017 (2017-06-29) 0.656[10]
7
7 "Pop's Locked...And Drops It" July 6, 2017 (2017-07-06) 0.612[11]
8
8 "A-Town Goin' Down" July 13, 2017 (2017-07-13) 0.612[12]
Season 2 (2018)[edit]
No. in
series
No. in
season
Title
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(million)
9
1 "Money Ain't a Thing" January 11, 2018 (2018-01-11) 0.538[13]
10
2 "Secrets in the A" January 18, 2018 (2018-01-18) 0.407[14]
11
3 "Rack It Up" January 25, 2018 (2018-01-25) 0.469[15]
12
4 "Making Moves Like Whoa" February 1, 2018 (2018-02-01) 0.427[16]
13
5 "Bow Caught in Jhonni's Blaze" February 8, 2018 (2018-02-08) 0.401[17]
14
6 "The Young and the Wreckless" February 15, 2018 (2018-02-15) 0.617[18]
15
7 "Guess Who's Back" February 22, 2018 (2018-02-22) 0.527[19]
16
8 "Straight Outta Time" March 1, 2018 (2018-03-01) TBD
17
9 TBA March 8, 2018 (2018-03-08) TBD
18
10 TBA March 15, 2018 (2018-03-15) TBD
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "20 'EXCLUSIVE: Snoop Dogg Lectures Bow Wow About His Music Career in 'Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta' Sneak Peak". June 7, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "20 'Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta - Meet the Cast". July 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ "20 'Square Up: Watch Toya Wright Defend Reginae Carter Against a Hater". June 23, 2017.
Jump up ^ "20 'Growing Up Hip Hop: Atlanta - Meet the Cast". July 1, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 5.25.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.1.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.8.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.15.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.22.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 6.29.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.6.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 7.13.2017". ShowBuzzDaily. Retrieved November 24, 2017.
Jump up ^ "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.11.2018 - Showbuzz Daily". www.showbuzzdaily.com.
Jump up ^ http://www.showbuzzdaily.com/articles/showbuzzdailys-top-150-thursday-cable-originals-network-finals-1-18-2018.html
Jump up ^ "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 1.25.2018 - Showbuzz Daily". www.showbuzzdaily.com.
Jump up ^ "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.1.2018 - Showbuzz Daily". www.showbuzzdaily.com.
Jump up ^ "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.8.2018 - Showbuzz Daily". www.showbuzzdaily.com.
Jump up ^ "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.15.2018 - Showbuzz Daily". www.showbuzzdaily.com.
Jump up ^ "UPDATED: SHOWBUZZDAILY's Top 150 Thursday Cable Originals & Network Finals: 2.22.2018 - Showbuzz Daily". www.showbuzzdaily.com.
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Bachelor party
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about bachelor parties. For other uses, see Bachelor party (disambiguation).
"Stag night" redirects here. For film, see Stag Night.
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (June 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A bachelor being led to his party
A bachelor party, also known as a stag party, stag night, stag do, stag weekend (in the United Kingdom, Commonwealth countries, and Ireland), or a buck's night (in Australia)[1] is a party held by a man shortly before he enters marriage, to celebrate his "last night of freedom." A bachelor party is usually planned by the groom and best man, occasionally with the assistance of a bachelor party planning company. The party is usually restricted to men only, but sometimes may feature female company such as strippers or topless waitresses.
Contents
[hide]
1 Variations
1.1 Germany
1.2 France
1.3 Israel
1.4 United Kingdom and Ireland
1.5 United States and Canada
2 See also
3 References
Variations[edit]
Problems playing this file? See media help.
The equivalent event for the bride-to-be is known as a bachelorette party or hens' night.
Some also choose instead to hold a so-called stag and doe party in the US, or a hag party or hag do in the UK ("hag" being a combination of the words "hen" and "stag"), in which both the bride and groom attend.
Germany[edit]
In Germany, this event is called Junggesellenabschied, which literally means "farewell to bachelorhood." There is also a separate event that the couple celebrates together on the evening prior to their wedding, called Polterabend. At the Polterabend the guests break old porcelain and earthenware to bring luck to the couple's marriage. The tradition is said to go back to pre-Christian times; by noisily breaking ceramics evil spirits – especially spirits of envy – are supposed to be driven out. In the last couple of years, Anglo-style bachelor parties have become more and more popular among bachelors. In parts of northern Germany that lack a Carnival tradition, funny costuming has become a popular part of bachelor or bachelorette parties.
Some parts of Germany have a related custom, in which a person who is not yet married by their 29th birthday, is made to dress up in an embarrassing fashion by their friends and to do silly tasks that most often include some kind of cleaning work.
France[edit]
In France and in many French-speaking regions such as Quebec, the bachelor party is called enterrement de vie de garçon, which literally means "(the) burial of the life as a boy" or "burial/funeral of the life as a bachelor". For women it is enterrement de vie de jeune fille, translated as "burial/funeral of the life as a young girl/maiden". As in English-speaking countries, such parties often feature heavy drinking and various (although gentle) humiliations, and sometimes the presence of a stripper.[citation needed]
Israel[edit]
In Israel, the bachelor party is called מסיבת רווקים, literally meaning a party of single men. [clarification needed] Such parties may feature heavy drinking and sometimes the presence of strippers,[2] or else other recreational bonding activities undertaken together, such as paintball or an overseas trip lasting a few days.
United Kingdom and Ireland[edit]
In the United Kingdom, it is now common for the party to last for more than one evening, hence the increasing prevalence of the phrase "stag weekend", or "stag do". A spin-off has been the growth of the stag weekend industry in the UK with various companies taking over the preparation of the event.[3]
In the UK, stag weekend trips are becoming mini-holidays with the groups taking part in various day-time activities as well as the expected night out on the town. Recent research shows Newcastle upon Tyne as the most popular location in the UK across the last three years.[4] With the rise of budget airlines, some stags in the UK go abroad,[5] with Kraków, Dublin, and Riga topping the list, followed by Prague, Amsterdam, Bratislava, and Budapest.[6] Stag parties abroad have been known to involve visits to brothels and prostitutes.[7]
Booking a stag do in the UK can be difficult, as many establishments can be wary about admitting such parties. Hoteliers and club owners in particular have a reputation for disallowing such events in their facilities, due to the activities that often accompany such groups. The refusal of service ranges from one establishment to the next depending on management, from only refusing service to certain parties whom business owners and/or operators perceive likely to be sources of problematic behaviour, to having written service policies which expressly prohibit such parties from taking place within the establishment. Refusals of service such as these are the result of the large amount of negative media attention surrounding how drunk members get,[8] some managements' concerns regarding potential losses that often arise from extremely intoxicated stag partygoers causing expensive damage (intentionally or otherwise) to the establishments' property, as well as the often loud, raucous, and disruptive activities that can greatly decrease the satisfaction of other guests. This is especially true in hospitality establishments such as hotels or restaurants, as stag dos very often continue well into the night (or even the next morning). This can drastically reduce the amount and quality of sleep for hotel patrons staying in the vicinity of the suite(s) in which the party is being hosted. If the experience is sufficiently unpleasant, guests may choose to avoid returning to a hotel that they perceive as being too lenient on such disruptive stag parties. Due to such policies varying widely between establishments, it is often recommended that one should book at least three months in advance and to also enquire as to whether or not stag do groups are welcome, so as to avoid having the reservations be cancelled by the establishment the day of the party.
Pre-Stags have become increasingly popular in the UK. These are less formal than the official stag do, often arranged by friends and are considered a no-miss event to start the festivities leading up to the marriage itself.
United States and Canada[edit]
In the United States, Las Vegas[9] is both a popular bachelor party destination and location for the wedding itself.[5] Increasingly, "destination bachelor parties" are replacing standard nights out, with Americans traveling to Montreal, Quebec or Mexico.[10]
Bachelor parties in the US stereotypically entail the mass consumption of alcohol, hiring a stripper, and general rowdiness toward which the bride might not have a positive reaction; in fact, the defining feature of the bachelor party is that the fiancée is not present. Increasingly, bachelor parties have come to symbolize the last time when the groom is free of the influence of his new wife/partner.[citation needed] Pop out cakes are sometimes associated.[citation needed]
Canadian bachelor parties generally consist of a group of bachelors celebrating their singleness.
Canadian cities such as Vancouver or Niagara Falls are popular stag party destinations due to their large number of strip clubs with "dance contact" (lap dancing). Montreal in particular is popular for this purpose with both Canadians and Americans alike.[citation needed]
As an alternative, the best man may plan an activity in secret with friends that they feel the groom will enjoy. Many grooms-to-be have been treated to camping trips with friends, fishing trips, sporting events, video games, poker, barbecuing, and other activities.[citation needed]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Bachelor party.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Bachelor(ette) parties.
Bachelorette party
Bridal shower
STAG: A Test of Love, a reality television show about bachelor parties
Bachelor Party, a 1984 film
Very Bad Things, a 1998 film
The Hangover, a 2009 film
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "10 Great Bucks Night Ideas". 2014. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
Jump up ^ "A Very Israeli Bachelor Party". Times of Israel. Retrieved 18 February 2016.
Jump up ^ https://www.thestagcompany.com/stag-weekends-blog/stag-do-trends--predictions-for-2017
Jump up ^ https://www.lastnightoffreedom.co.uk/ideas/top-ten-stag-locations-2000-2016/
^ Jump up to: a b Boyer, David. Bachelor Party Confidential: A Real-Life Peek Behind the Closed-Door Tradition New York: Simon Spotlight Entertainment 2007. ISBN 1-4169-2808-1
Jump up ^ Smith, Craig S. (8 May 2007). "British Bachelor-Partiers Are Taking Their Revels East". The New York Times. Prague. Retrieved 2012-03-17.
Jump up ^ Boazman, Simon (14 January 2010). "Stag parties 'fuel sex trafficking'". BBC News. Retrieved 2 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Teaching assistant glassed bus driver, in stag-night brawl in York nightclub".
Jump up ^ "Las Vegas Bachelor Party". Bachelor Party site. Retrieved 2016-05-22.
Jump up ^ Austin, Michael. "Bachelor parties skip town". Crain's Chicago Business. 7 May 2007. p. 53–58. MasterFILE Premier EBSCOHost. Retrieved 23 May 2007.
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Honda CRF series
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
2010 Honda CRF250R at the 2009 Seattle International Motorcycle Show.
The Honda CRF series is a line of four-stroke motocross and trail motorcycles manufactured and marketed by Honda.
The CRF line was launched in 2000 as a successor to the Honda XR series. The full sized motocross bikes are equipped with liquid-cooled, single-cylinder four-stroke engines that are available from 149 cc to 449 cc. They now have dual-sport motorcycles. The more trail friendly CRF's have simple air-cooled engines, and are available from 50 cc to 230 cc. The Honda CRF450R was the first in the series, followed with the CRF250R in 2004. Further down the line, the CRF450X and CRF250X bikes emerged, both designed for mostly off-road use. They are considered among the best motorcross bikes of their class, and have been a leading seller since their introduction.[1] The CRF450R was CycleWorlds Best Motocrosser for a record eight consecutive years from 2002-2009.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Engine technology
2 Model overview
3 See also
4 References
Engine technology[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Honda employs advanced four-stroke engine technology in their 250cc and 450cc bikes. The engines in these bikes use technology developed in Formula One racing engines. Honda uses an over-square engine design, which means that the diameter of the cylinder is larger than the stroke of the piston. This allows for higher engine speeds and a reduction of reciprocating mass. Another technology that is used is short piston skirts. The "skirt" area of the piston is the portion on the side of the piston which comes into contact with the cylinder wall and aids piston stability. While the introduction of the shorter skirt on the piston helps to reduce reciprocating mass, it also leads to more "rocking" of the piston, or minute unwanted rotation of the piston around the axis of its wrist pin. This leads to more frequent maintenance intervals for the pistons, piston rings, and cylinder walls.
Overall the new high-performance four-stroke engines in Honda's motocross bikes produce much more power per pound than older generation engines and rev more freely; in the quest for more power, longevity is reduced and maintenance is increased.
Model overview[edit]
CRF-F
As of 2014, the CRF-F series includes the CRF50F, CRF70F, CRF110F, CRF80F, CRF125F, CRF100F, CRF125F(Big Wheel), CRF150F, and CRF230F.
Simple, air-cooled 4-stroke motorcycles. Typically, these bikes come in low-power and confidence inspiring configurations for new market entrants.
CRF-R
As of 2017, the CRF-R series includes the CRF150R, CRF250R, and CRF450R.
These liquid-cooled four-stroke machines were designed to be utilized purely for closed-course motorcross racing. The CRF-R lineup lacks any extra accessories; like lights and electric start (Although offered as an option on the 2017 CRF-450R).
CRF-450R Notable Changes
2004 7/8" Handlebars
2008 Honda Progressive Steering Damper
2009 Fuel injection
2013 Air forks, dual exhaust
2017 Oil Forks, Optional Electric Start[3]
[4]CRF-RX
As of 2017, the CRF-RX series includes the CRF450RX.
This machine was built as a CRF-450R that was optimized for hare scramble, hard enduro, GNCC style racing. Essentially the same as the CRF-450R except offered as standard equipment an electric start, larger fuel tank, and a 18-inch rear wheel. This bike is to bridge the gap between the more mild X-model and the closed-course race style R model. (First model year: 2017)
CRF-X
As of 2014, the CRF-X series includes the CRF250X and the CRF450X.
These bikes have electric start, but are still considered race bikes, albeit for off-road rather than motocross.[5] Differences from the R models include lighting, electric start, suspension settings, engine and exhaust tuning for more low-end torque, larger fuel tanks, and a more rugged widespread ratio transmission. Robby Bell won the San Felipe 250 in 2006, 2007 and 2008.
The Honda CRF250L in Thailand, with the Mekong river and Laos in the background
CRF-L
As of 2016, the CRF-L series includes the CRF250L and the CRF1000L Africa Twin.
In 2008, the CRF230L was introduced as an entry-level dual-purpose motorcycle. It was discontinued, several years later, with the introduction of a completely redesigned dual-purpose motorcycle. Being a dual-sport motorbike, these bikes are street legal from the factory, but still have a dirt-oriented design. They have a completely different frame and engine from Honda's other CRF formats, and most other components are not shared with the other CRF(non-street-legal) motorcycles. These different components meet emissions and government road regulations. All have full lighting and electric starts. Outside of the United States, the CRF230L was marketed as the XR230L.
In April 2012, the completely redesigned dual-purpose CRF250L was launched in Japan. It shares a liquid-cooled 249 cc 4-stroke DOHC single-cylinder EFI engine with the CBR250R. It is manufactured in Thailand.[6]
CRF-M
In April 2013, exactly one year after the initial launch of the CRF250L, Honda announced plans to sell a supermoto version of their dual-purpose motorcycle in Europe.[7] The CRF250M is based on the popular dual-purpose CRF250L, with revised suspension, uprated front brake and 17-inch wheels with wider road tyres. The CRF250M adds another A2 licence-friendly machine to Honda’s line-up.
See also[edit]
Honda Motorcycle Database
Honda Dual-Purpose Models
XR Series
CR Series
References[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Honda CR.
Jump up ^ Dougherty, Brad, "First Ride: 2004 Honda CRF 450R", Dirt Rider, archived from the original on 2007-03-11
Jump up ^ "Best Motocrosser: Honda CRF450R". Retrieved 23 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "2017 CRF450R - Honda Powersports". powersports.honda.com. Retrieved 2017-01-04.
Jump up ^ "2017 CRF450RX - Honda Powersports". powersports.honda.com. Retrieved 2017-01-04.
Jump up ^ Ash, Kevin (21 August 2004). "Rock star". Telegraph. Retrieved 13 February 2014. If there's a cloud, it's only in the CRF's legal status. Currently, as a competition bike, there's no requirement for a speedometer, brake light or other basics (and it has none, nor even an ignition key), although it can still be registered for the road. This grey area may yet be addressed by legislation, which could mean retro-fitting some kit or buying a trailer.
Jump up ^ http://world.honda.com/news/2012/2120413New-CRF250L-OnOff-Road-Model/index.html[dead link]
Jump up ^ http://world.honda.com/news/2013/2130412CRF250M/index.html[dead link]
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