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Reserve Bank of India: Working and Functions
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It has been suggested that this article be merged with Reserve Bank of India. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2017.
RBI-Tower in Mumbai
Reserve Bank of India is India's central bank, headquartered at Bombay. Central bank of a country execute multiple functions such as overseeing monetary policy, issuing currency, managing foreign exchange, working as a bank of government and as banker of scheduled commercial banks, etc. It also works for overall economic growth of the country. The Reserve Bank of India was established in 1935 with the provision of Reserve Bank of India Act, 1934.[1] Though privately owned initially, it was nationalised in 1949 and since then fully owned by Government of India (GoI). The preamble of the Reserve Bank of India describes it main functions as:
..to regulate the issue of Bank Notes and keeping of reserves with a view to securing monetary stability in India and generally to operate the currency and credit system of the country to its advantage.
Contents
[hide]
1 Issuer of Currency
1.1 Exchanging old notes
2 Cash Crunch and Affects
2.1 Banker and Debt Manager to Government
2.2 Banker's bank and supervisor
2.3 Regulator of the Banking System
2.4 Manager of Foreign Exchange
2.5 Regulator and Supervisor of the Payment and Settlement Systems
2.6 Developmental Role
3 Monetary Policy
3.1 Quantitative Tools
3.1.1 Reserve Ratios
3.1.1.1 Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)
3.1.1.2 Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)
3.1.2 Open Market Operation (OMO)
3.1.3 Policy Rates
3.1.3.1 Bank Rate
3.1.3.2 Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF)
3.1.3.2.1 Repo Rate
3.1.3.2.2 Reverse Repo Rate
3.1.3.3 Marginal Standing Facility (MSF)
3.2 Qualitative Tools
3.2.1 Margin Requirements or LTV
3.2.2 Selective credit control
3.2.3 Moral Suasion
3.3 Limitations of Monetary Policy
4 References
5 External links
Issuer of Currency[edit]
Reserve bank of India is the sole body who is authorized to issue currency in India. While coins and one rupee notes are minted by Government of India (GoI), the RBI works as an agent of GoI for distributing and handling of coins. RBI also works to prevent counterfeiting of currency by regularly upgrading security features of currency. For printing currency, RBI has four facilities at Dewas, Nasik, Mysore and Salboni. The RBI is authorized to issue notes up to value of Rupees ten thousands and coin up to one thousands. New notes of Rupees 500 and 2000 have been issued on 8th Nov 2016 . The old series note of Rupees 1000 and 500 are considered illegal and just paper from midnight on 8 November 2016. earlier 5000 notes have been discarded by RBI.
Exchanging old notes[edit]
This section reads like a press release or a news article or is entirely based on routine coverage. Please expand this article with properly sourced content to meet Wikipedia's quality standards, event notability guideline, or encyclopedic content policy. (December 2016)
This section needs to be updated. Please update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information. (November 2016)
People gathered at ATM of Axis Bank in Mehsana, Gujarat to withdraw cash following deposit of demonetised currency notes in bank on 15 November 2016.
The Reserve Bank of India laid down a detailed procedure for the exchange of the demonetised banknotes with new ₹500 and ₹2,000 banknotes of the Mahatma Gandhi New Series and ₹100 banknotes of the preceding Mahatma Gandhi Series. Following are the key points:
Long queue in front of SBI ATM at Paravur near the city of Kollam in Kerala, 19th November 2016.
Citizens will have until 30 December 2016 to tender their old banknotes at any office of the RBI or any bank branch and credit the value into their respective bank accounts.
Cash withdrawals from bank accounts were restricted to ₹10,000 per day and ₹20,000 per week per account from 10 to 13 November 2016. This limit was increased to ₹24,000 per week from 14 November.[2][3]
For immediate cash needs, the old banknotes could be exchanged for the new ₹500 and ₹2,000 banknotes as well as ₹100 banknotes over the counter of bank branches by filling up a requisition form along with a valid ID proof. It was announced that this facility would be available until 30 December 2016.
Initially, the limit was fixed at ₹4,000 per person from 8 to 13 November 2016.
This limit was increased to ₹4,500 per person from 14 to 17 November 2016.[2][3]
The limit was reduced to ₹2,000 per person from 18 November 2016.[4]
All exchange of banknotes was abruptly stopped from 25 November 2016.[5]
Initially, all ATMs were dispensing banknotes of only ₹50 and ₹100 denominations and cash withdrawals from ATMs were restricted to ₹2000 per day.[6] From 14 November onwards, ATMs recalibrated to dispense new ₹500 and ₹2000 notes will allow a maximum withdrawal of ₹2,500 per day, while other ATMs dispensing banknotes of only ₹50 and ₹100 denominations will allow a maximum withdrawal of ₹2000 per day.[2][3]
However, exceptions were given to petrol, CNG and gas stations, government hospitals, railway and airline booking counters, state-government recognised dairies and ration stores, and crematoriums to accept the old ₹500 and ₹1,000 banknotes until 11 November 2016, which was later extended to 14 November 2016 and once again to 24 November 2016.[7][8] International airports were also instructed to facilitate an exchange of notes amounting to a total value of ₹5,000 for foreign tourists and out-bound passengers.[9]
Under the revised guidelines issued on 17 November 2016, families were allowed to withdraw ₹250,000 for wedding expenses from one account provided it was KYC compliant. The rules were also changed for farmers who are permitted to withdraw ₹25,000 per week from their accounts against crop loan.[4][10]
Cash Crunch and Affects[edit]
Queue at an ATM for ₹100 banknotes in Howrah, on 8 November 2016, 22:23 (IST)
People queue outside a private bank to deposit and exchange old ₹500 and ₹1000 banknotes in Kolkata on 10 November 2016.
The scarcity of cash due to demonetisation led to chaos, and most people holding old banknotes faced difficulties exchanging them due to endless lines outside banks and ATMs across India, which became a daily routine for millions of people waiting to deposit or exchange the ₹500 and ₹1000 banknotes since 9 November.[11][12][13][14] ATMs were running out of cash after a few hours of being functional, and around half the ATMs in the country were non-functional.[12] Sporadic violence was reported in New Delhi, but there were no reports of any grievous injury,[15] people attacked bank premises and ATMs,[16][17][18][19][20][21] and a ration shop was looted in Madhya Pradesh after the shop owner refused to accept ₹500 banknotes.[22][23][24][25]
Banker and Debt Manager to Government[edit]
Just like individuals need a bank to carry out their financial transactions effectively & efficiently, Governments also need a bank to carry out their financial transactions. RBI serves this purpose for the Government of India (GoI). As a banker to the GoI, RBI maintains its accounts, receive payments into & make payments out of these accounts. RBI also helps GoI to raise money from public via issuing bonds and government approved securities.
Banker's bank and supervisor[edit]
RBI also works as banker to all the scheduled commercial banks. All the banks in India maintain accounts with RBI which helps them in clearing & settling inter bank transactions and customer transactions smoothly & swiftly. Maintaining accounts with RBI help banks to maintain statutory reserve requirements. RBI also acts as lender of last resort for all the banks.
Regulator of the Banking System[edit]
RBI has the responsibility of regulating the nation's financial system. As a regulator and supervisor of the Indian banking system it ensures financial stability & public confidence in the banking system. RBI uses methods like On-site inspections, off-site surveillance, scrutiny & periodic meetings to supervise new bank licenses, setting capital requirements and regulating interest rates in specific areas. RBI is currently focused on implementing Basel III norms.
Manager of Foreign Exchange[edit]
With increasing integration of the Indian economy with the global economy arising from greater trade and capital flows, the foreign exchange market has evolved as a key segment of the Indian financial market and RBI has an important role to play in regulating & managing this segment. RBI manages forex and gold reserves of the nation.
On a given day, the foreign exchange rate reflects the demand for and supply of foreign exchange arising from trade and capital transactions. The RBI’s Financial Markets Department (FMD) participates in the foreign exchange market by undertaking sales / purchases of foreign currency to ease volatility in periods of excess demand for/supply of foreign currency.
Regulator and Supervisor of the Payment and Settlement Systems[edit]
Payment and settlement systems play an important role in improving overall economic efficiency. The Payment and Settlement Systems Act of 2007 (PSS Act)[26] gives the Reserve Bank oversight authority, including regulation and supervision, for the payment and settlement systems in the country. In this role, the RBI focuses on the development and functioning of safe, secure and efficient payment and settlement mechanisms. Two payment systems National Electronic Fund Transfer (NEFT) and Real Time Gross Settlement (RTGS) allow individuals, companies and firms to transfer funds from one bank to another. These facilities can only be used for transferring money within the country.
NEFT operates on a deferred net settlement (DNS) basis and settles transactions in batches. The settlement takes place for all transactions received till a particular cut-off time. It operates in hourly batches — there are 12 settlements from 8 am to 7 pm on weekdays and SIX between 8 am and 1 pm on Saturdays.[27] Any transaction initiated after the designated time would have to wait till the next settlement time. In RTGS, transactions are processed continuously, all through the business hours. RBI’s settlement time is 9 am to 4:30 pm on weekdays and 9 am to 2:00 pm on Saturdays.[28]
Developmental Role[edit]
This is one of the most critical role RBI plays in building the country's financial structure. Key tools in this effort include Priority Sector Lending such as agriculture, micro and small enterprises (MSE), housing and education. RBI work towards strengthening and supporting small local banks and encourage banks to open branches in rural areas to include large section of society in banking net.
Monetary Policy[edit]
Monetary Policy refers to the process employed by Central bank of the country to control availability & cost of currency and thus keeping Inflation & Deflation low and stable. The central bank does so by using various tools. Broadly these tools can be categorized in two parts as Quantitative & Qualitative tools.
Quantitative Tools[edit]
Quantitative tools refer to reserve ratios.
Reserve Ratios[edit]
Reserve ratios are the share of net demand & time liabilities (NDTL) which banks have to keep aside to ensure that they have sufficient cash to cover customer withdrawals. There are two types of reserve ratios.
Statutory Liquidity Ratio (SLR)[edit]
The share of net demand and time liabilities that banks must maintain in safe and liquid assets, such as government securities, cash and gold. The RBI has cut the SLR by 50 basis point to 20% in June 2017 .[29]
Cash Reserve Ratio (CRR)[edit]
The share of net demand and time liabilities that banks must maintain as cash with RBI. The RBI has set CRR at 4%. So if a bank has 200 Crore of NDTL then it has to keep Rs. 8 Crore in cash with RBI. RBI pays no interest on CRR.
Let's assume economy is showing inflationary trends & RBI wants to control this situation by adjusting SLR & CRR. If RBI increases SLR to 50% and CRR to 20% then bank will be left only with Rs. 60 crore for operations. Now it will be very difficult for bank to maintain profitability with such small capital. Bank will be left with no choice but to raise interest rate which will make borrowing costly. This will in turn reduce the overall demand & hence price will come down eventually.
Open Market Operation (OMO)[edit]
Open market operation is the activity of buying and selling of government securities in open market to control the supply of money in banking system. When there is excess supply of money, central bank sells government securities thereby sucking out excess liquidity. Similarly, when liquidity is tight, RBI will buy government securities and thereby inject money supply into the economy.
Policy Rates[edit]
Policy rates are various interest rate which RBI uses to control money supply in India. Repo Rate is often called as key policy rate in India as all the other rates can be derived from repo rate.
Bank Rate[edit]
When banks want to borrow long term funds from RBI, it is the interest rate which RBI charges to them. It is currently set to 6.75%(Fourth Bi-monthly Monetary Policy Statement, 2015–16). The bank rate is not used to control money supply these days. Although penal rates are linked to bank rate. If a bank fails to keep SLR or CRR then RBI will impose penalty & it will be 300 basis points above bank rate.
Liquidity Adjustment Facility (LAF)[edit]
Liquidity Adjustment facility was introduced in 2000. LAF is a facility provided by the Reserve Bank of India to scheduled commercial banks to avail of liquidity in case of need or to park excess funds with the RBI on an overnight basis against the collateral of Government securities. RBI accept application for a minimum amount of Rs.5 crore and in multiples of Rs. 5 crore thereafter. LAF enables liquidity management on a day-to-day basis. The operations of LAF are conducted by way of repurchase agreements called Repos & Reverse Repos.
Repo Rate[edit]
If banks want to borrow money (for short term, usually overnight) from RBI then banks have to charge this interest rate. currently, Repo rate is set to 6% w.e.f 9 August 2017. Banks have to pledge government securities as collateral. This kind of deal happens through a re_purchase agreement. If a bank wants to borrow Rs. 100 crores, it has to provide government securities at least worth Rs. 100 crore (could be more because of margin requirement which is 5%-10% of loan amount) and agree to repurchase them at Rs. 106.75 crore at the end of borrowing period. So the bank has paid Rs. 6.75 crore as interest. This is the reason it is called repo rate. The government securities which are provided by banks as collateral can not come from SLR quota (otherwise the SLR will go below 21.5% of NDTL and attract penalty). Banks have to provide these securities additionally.
To curb inflation, RBI increases Repo rate which will make borrowing costly for banks. Banks will pass this increased cost to their customers which make borrowing costly in whole economy. Fewer people will apply for loan and aggregate demand will get reduced. This will result in inflation coming down. RBI does the opposite to fight deflation. Although when RBI reduce Repo rate, banks are not legally required to reduce their base rate.
Reverse Repo Rate[edit]
As the name suggest, reverse repo rate is just the opposite of repo rate. If a bank has surplus money, they can park this excess liquidity with RBI and central bank will pay interest on this. This interest rate is called reverse repo rate & it is set to 50 basis point (post April 2016) below repo rate. So if Repo rate is set to 8% reverse repo rate will be 7.5%.At present,reverse repo rate is 6%. Fourth Bi-monthly Monetary Policy Statement, 2015–16
Marginal Standing Facility (MSF)[edit]
This scheme was introduced in May, 2011 and all the scheduled commercial bank can participate in this scheme. Banks can borrow up to 2.5%[30] percent of their respective Net Demand and Time Liabilities. RBI receive application under this facility for a minimum amount of Rs. One crore and in multiples of Rs. One crore thereafter. The important difference with repo rate is that bank can pledge government securities from SLR quota (up to one percent). So even if SLR goes below 20.5%(RBI/2014-15/445 DBR.Ret.BC.70/12.02.001/2014-15, dt. 16.10.2016) by pledging SLR quota securities under MSF, bank will not have to pay any penalty. The MSF rate is set to 100 basis point above bank rate and currently is at 6.50% as of 1.6.17.[31][better source needed]
Qualitative Tools[edit]
Margin Requirements or LTV[edit]
Loan to Value is the ratio of loan amount to the actual value of asset purchased. RBI regulates this ratio so as to control the amount bank can lend to its customers. For example, if an individual wants to buy a car from borrowed money and the car value is Rs. 10 Lac, he can only avail a loan amount of Rs. 7 Lac if the LTV is set to 70%. RBI can decrease or increase to curb inflation or deflation respectively.
Selective credit control[edit]
Under this measure, RBI can specifically instruct banks not to give loans to traders of certain commodities e.g. sugar, edible oil etc. This prevents speculations/ hoarding of commodities using money borrowed from banks.
Moral Suasion[edit]
Under this measure RBI try to persuade bank through meetings, conferences, media statements to do specific things under certain economic trends. For example, when RBI reduces repo rate, it asks banks to reduce their base rate as well. Another example of this measure is to ask banks to reduce their Non-performing assets (NPAs).
Limitations of Monetary Policy[edit]
In developing countries like India, Monetary Policy fails to show immediate or no results because of below factors:
People do not employ alternative investment options. A large section of society still depends on saving accounts, fixed deposits, Public Provident Fund for investment. Commercial banks have large deposits. RBI is not the main or even prominent money supplier for these banks. So whatever monetary action central bank takes has little or late impact on the economy.
Many people in rural areas are out of banking net and whatever RBI does has no impact on their financial activities.
Monsoon uncertainty adversely affects food production and thereby cause food inflation. Monetary Policy has no impact on food inflation.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/OccasionalPublications.aspx?head=Reserve%20Bank%20of%20India%20Act
^ Jump up to: a b c "Finance Ministry has reviewed the position regarding availability and distribution of all denominations of bank notes" (PDF). Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Withdrawal of Legal Tender Character of existing ₹ 500/- and ₹ 1000/- Bank Notes – Revision in limits". Reserve Bank of India. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "The Central Government takes several decisions to facilitate farmers, small traders, Group ‘C’ Employees of Central Government including equivalent levels in the Defence and Para Military Forces, Railways and Central Public Sector Enterprises in the aftermath of the cancellation of the legal tender character of the old Rs. 500 and Rs. 1000 notes; Also decides to reduce the limit of exchange of old Rs. 500/- and Rs. 1000/- notes across the counter in banks from Rs. 4500/- to Rs. 2000/-with effect from 18th November, 2016." (PDF). Ministry of Finance, Government of India. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Jump up ^ http://indianexpress.com/article/india/india-news-india/pm-modi-said-exchange-limit-to-be-hiked-after-november-24-exchange-stopped-4393985/
Jump up ^ "ATMs –Non-dispensing of Old High Denomination Notes – Closure of operations". Reserve Bank of India. 8 November 2016. Retrieved 8 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Govt extends old notes exemption deadline to midnight Nov 24". The Hindu. Retrieved 14 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "FAQs on Withdrawal of Legal Tender Character of the existing Bank Notes in the denominations of ₹ 500/- and ₹ 1000/-". Reserve Bank of India. Retrieved 13 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Outlets that will accept Rs 1,000 and Rs 500 notes in next 72 hours". The Economic Times. 8 November 2016. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Demonetisation rule modified, families can withdraw Rs 2.5 lakh for weddings from one account". India Today. 17 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "India demonetisation: Chaos as ATMs run dry". Al Jazeera. Retrieved 9 November 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Demonetisation: Chaos grows, queues get longer at banks, ATMs on weekend". 12 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "India: Demonetisation takes its toll on the poor". Al Jazeera. 16 November 2016. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Queues get longer at banks, ATMs on weekend". The Hindu. 12 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Demonetisation: Sporadic violence in Delhi, cops receive 4.5K calls". New Indian Express.
Jump up ^ "Unrest erupts in UP towns as cashless crowds vent ire on bank staff – Times of India". Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "In western UP, violence marks day 13 of demonetisation – Times of India". Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Demonetisation effect: ATM vandalism on rise". 18 November 2016. Retrieved 24 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Demonetisation: Angry customers break bank’s glass door in Kollam". The Indian Express. 12 November 2016.
Jump up ^ Reporter, Staff (13 November 2016). "No cash: ‘frustrated’ man smashes ATM glass wall". The Hindu.
Jump up ^ "Hid in Washroom For an Hour: Official After Attack at IDBI Bank".
Jump up ^ "Villagers loot fair price shop after dealer refuses scrapped banknotes". Hindustan Times. 12 November 2016.
Jump up ^ "Nerves snap in long cash wait, shop looted".
Jump up ^ "Villagers looted ration shops in Madhya Pradesh after the shop owner refused to accept old notes".
Jump up ^ "Demonetisation Fallout: Cashless Villagers Loot PDS Shop in MP's Chhatarpur Village". 12 November 2016.
Jump up ^ http://rbidocs.rbi.org.in/rdocs/Publications/PDFs/86706.pdf
Jump up ^ http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/FAQView.aspx?Id=60
Jump up ^ http://www.rbi.org.in/scripts/FAQView.aspx?Id=65
Jump up ^ http://www.rbi.org.in/home.aspx
Jump up ^ https://www.rbi.org.in/Scripts/NotificationUser.aspx?Id=8248&Mode=0
Jump up ^ Monetary policy of India
External links[edit]
FAQ answers and Guidelines on Reserve Bank of India
What the FAQ just happened! All your questions about Rs 500–1000 notes answered, India Today, 8 November 2016
Ministry of Finance, Government of India
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₹1
₹2
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1 naya paisa
2 naye paise
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Demonetisation of ₹500 & ₹1000 notes
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text:
List of current members of the Rajya Sabha
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For other uses, see Member of Parliament (India).
The Rajya Sabha (RS) or Council of States is the upper house of the Parliament of India. Membership is limited to 250 members, and the present Rajya Sabha has 245 members. 233 members are elected by state assembly members and 12 are nominated by the President for their contributions to art, literature, science, and social services. The remainder of the body is elected by the state and territorial legislatures. Members sit for six-year terms, with one third of the members retiring every two years.
The nominated and state-wise list given below lists the number of seats against each category (nominated and state-wise list) and the number of vacant seats (if any).[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Nominated
2 Andhra Pradesh
3 Arunachal Pradesh
4 Assam
5 Bihar
6 Chhattisgarh
7 Goa
8 Gujarat
9 Haryana
10 Himachal Pradesh
11 Jammu and Kashmir
12 Jharkhand
13 Karnataka
14 Kerala
15 Madhya Pradesh
16 Maharashtra
17 Manipur
18 Meghalaya
19 Mizoram
20 Nagaland
21 National Capital Territory of Delhi
22 Odisha
23 Puducherry
24 Punjab
25 Rajasthan
26 Sikkim
27 Tamil Nadu
28 Telangana
29 Tripura
30 Uttar Pradesh
31 Uttarakhand
32 West Bengal
33 See also
34 References
35 External links
Nominated[edit]
For a complete list of Nominated Members of Rajya Sabha members, see List of nominated members of Rajya Sabha.
Keys: BJP (4) Nominated (8)
No.
Name[2]
Field
Affiliation [3]
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Roopa Ganguly Art Bharatiya Janata Party 04-Oct-2016 03-Oct-2022
2
Sambhaji Raje[5] Social work Bharatiya Janata Party 07-Jun-2016 03-May-2022
3
Suresh Gopi Art Bharatiya Janata Party 25-Apr-2016 24-Apr-2022
4
Subramanian Swamy Economics Bharatiya Janata Party 25-Apr-2016 24-Apr-2022
5
Narendra Jadhav Economics Nominated 25-Apr-2016 24-Apr-2022
6
Mary Kom Sport Nominated 25-Apr-2016 24-Apr-2022
7
Swapan Dasgupta Journalism Nominated 25-Apr-2016 24-Apr-2022
8
K. T. S. Tulsi Law Nominated 25-Feb-2014 24-Feb-2020
9
K. Parasaran Law Nominated 09-Jun-2012 08-Jun-2018
10
Rekha Art Nominated 27-Apr-2012 26-Apr-2018
11
Sachin Tendulkar Sport Nominated 27-Apr-2012 26-Apr-2018
12
Anu Aga Business Nominated 27-Apr-2012 26-Apr-2018
Andhra Pradesh[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Andhra Pradesh
Keys: TDP (4) INC (4) YSRCP (1) BJP (1) TRS (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
K. Keshava Rao Telangana Rashtra Samithi 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
2
Konidala Chiranjeevi Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Mohd. Ali Khan Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
4
Renuka Chowdary Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
5
Dr. T. Subbarami Reddy Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
6
Suresh Prabhu Bharatiya Janata Party 22-Jun-2016 21-Jun-2022
7
T.Devender Goud Telugu Desam Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
8
T G Venkatesh Telugu Desam Party 22-Jun-2016 21-Jun-2022
9
Thota Seetharama Lakshmi Telugu Desam Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
10
Y. S. Chowdary Telugu Desam Party 22-Jun-2016 21-Jun-2022
11
V. Vijayasai Reddy YSR Congress Party 22-Jun-2016 21-Jun-2022
Arunachal Pradesh[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Arunachal Pradesh
Keys: INC (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Mukut Mithi Indian National Congress 24-Jun-2014 23-Jun-2020
Assam[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Assam
Keys: INC (6) BPF (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Biswajit Daimary Bodoland People's Front 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
2
Ripun Bora Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
3
Ranee Narah Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
4
Bhubaneswar Kalita Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
5
Santiuse Kujur Indian National Congress 15-Jun-2013 14-Jun-2019
6
Dr. Manmohan Singh Indian National Congress 15-Jun-2013 14-Jun-2019
7
Sanjay Singh Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
Bihar[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Bihar
Keys: BJP (5) JD(U) (9) RJD (2)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Ali Anwar Ansari Janata Dal (United) 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
2
Gopal Narayan Singh Bharatiya Janata Party 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
3
Dr. Mahendra Prasad Janata Dal (United) 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
4
Kahkashan Perween Janata Dal (United) 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
5
Dharmendra Pradhan Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
6
Ravi Shankar Prasad Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
7
Anil Kumar Sahani Janata Dal (United) 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
8
Bashistha Narain Singh Janata Dal (United) 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
9
Harivansh Narayan Singh Janata Dal (United) 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
10
Ramchandra Prasad Singh Janata Dal (United) 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
11
R K Sinha Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
12
Dr. C. P. Thakur Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
13
Ram Nath Thakur Janata Dal (United) 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
14
Ram Jethmalani Rashtriya Janata Dal 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
15
Misa Bharti Rashtriya Janata Dal 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
16
Sharad Yadav Janata Dal (United) 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
Chhattisgarh[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Chhattisgarh
Keys: BJP (3) INC (2)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Ramvichar Netam Bharatiya Janata Party 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
2
Dr. Bhushan Lal Jangde Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Chhaya Verma Indian National Congress 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
4
Motilal Vora Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
5
Ranvijay Singh Judev Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
Goa[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Goa
Keys: BJP (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Vinay Tendulkar Bharatiya Janata Party 29-Jul-2017 28-Jul-2023
Gujarat[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Gujarat
Keys: BJP (9) INC (2)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Smriti Zubin Irani Bharatiya Janata Party 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
2
Arun Jaitley Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Chunibhai K Gohel Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
4
Madhusudan Mistry Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
5
Ahmed Patel Indian National Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
6
Amit Shah Bharatiya Janata Party 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
7
Mahant Shambhuprasadji Tundiya Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
8
Shankarbhai Vegad Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
9
Parsottambhai Rupala Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Jun-2016 02-Apr-2018
10
Lal Sinh Vadodia Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
11
Mansukh L. Mandaviya Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
Haryana[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Haryana
Keys: INC (2) INLD (1) BJP (1) Independent (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Shadi Lal Batra Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
2
Selja Kumari Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
3
Ram Kumar Kashyap Indian National Lok Dal 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
4
Birender Singh Bharatiya Janata Party 02-Aug-2016 01-Aug-2022
5
Subhash Chandra Independent 02-Aug-2016 01-Aug-2022
Himachal Pradesh[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Himachal Pradesh
Keys: INC (2) BJP (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Anand Sharma Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
2
Viplove Thakur Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
3
Jagat Prakash Nadda Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
Jammu and Kashmir[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Jammu and Kashmir
Keys: JKPDP (2) BJP (1) INC (1)
No
Name
Party
Date of
Appointment
Date of
Retirement
1
Shamsheer Singh Manhas Bharatiya Janata Party 11-Feb-2015 10-Feb-2021
2
Ghulam Nabi Azad Indian National Congress 16-Feb-2015 15-Feb-2021
3
Fayaz Ahmad Mir Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party 11-Feb-2015 10-Feb-2021
4
Nazir Ahmad Laway Jammu and Kashmir Peoples Democratic Party 16-Feb-2015 15-Feb-2021
Jharkhand[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Jharkhand
Keys: BJP (2) RJD (1) JMM (1) INC (1) Independent (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Prem Chand Gupta Rashtriya Janata Dal 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
2
Parimal Nathwani Independent 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
3
Mukhtar Abbas Naqvi Bharatiya Janata Party 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
4
Pradeep Kumar Balmuchu Indian National Congress 04-May-2012 03-May-2018
5
Mahesh Poddar Bharatiya Janata Party 08-Jul-2016 07-Jul-2022
6
Sanjiv Kumar Jharkhand Mukti Morcha 04-May-2012 03-May-2018
Karnataka[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Karnataka
Keys: INC (6) BJP (4) JD(S) (1) Independent (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
B. K. Hariprasad Indian National Congress 26-Jun-2014 25-Jun-2020
2
Rajeev Chandrasekhar Independent 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
R Ramakrishna Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
4
Oscar Fernandes Indian National Congress 01-Jul-2016 30-Jun-2022
5
K. Rahman Khan Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
6
Prof. M V Rajeev Gowda Indian National Congress 26-Jun-2014 25-Jun-2020
7
Basavaraj Patil Sedam Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
8
Prabhakar Kore Bharatiya Janata Party 26-Jun-2014 25-Jun-2020
9
Jairam Ramesh Indian National Congress 01-Jul-2016 30-Jun-2022
10
Nirmala Sitharaman Bharatiya Janata Party 01-Jul-2016 30-Jun-2022
11
D. Kupendra Reddy Janata Dal (Secular) 26-Jun-2014 25-Jun-2020
12
K.C. Ramamurthy Indian National Congress 01-Jul-2016 30-Jun-2022
Kerala[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Kerala
Keys: INC (3) CPI(M) (3) IUML (1) KC(M) (1) JD(U) (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
P V Abdul Wahab Indian Union Muslim League 22-Apr-2015 21-Apr-2021
2
A K Antony Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
3
C.P. Narayanan Communist Party of India (Marxist) 02-Jul-2012 01-Jul-2018
4
P. J. Kurien Indian National Congress 02-Jul-2012 01-Jul-2018
5
K. Somaprasad Communist Party of India (Marxist) 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
6
K.K. Ragesh Communist Party of India (Marxist) 22-Apr-2015 21-Apr-2021
7
Joy Abraham Kerala Congress (M) 02-Jul-2012 01-Jul-2018
8
Vayalar Ravi Indian National Congress 22-Apr-2015 21-Apr-2021
9
M. P. Veerendra Kumar Janata Dal (United) 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
Madhya Pradesh[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Madhya Pradesh
Keys: BJP (8) INC (3)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Prabhat Jha Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
2
Prakash Javadekar Bharatiya Janata Party 13-Jun-2014 02-Apr-2018
3
M. J. Akbar Bharatiya Janata Party 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
4
La Ganesan Bharatiya Janata Party 06-Oct-2016 02-Apr-2018
5
Thawar Chand Gehlot Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
6
Vivek Tankha Indian National Congress 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
7
Satyanarayan Jatiya Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
8
Digvijaya Singh Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
9
Satyavrat Chaturvedi Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
10
Meghraj Jain Bharatiya Janata Party 15-Sep-2014 02-Apr-2018
11
Sampatiya Uike Bharatiya Janata Party 01-Aug-2017 29-Jun-2022
Maharashtra[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Maharashtra
Keys: BJP (5) NCP (5) INC (4) Shiv Sena (3) RPI(A) (1) Independent (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Ramdas Athawale Republican Party of India (A) 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
2
Vandana Chavan Nationalist Congress Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Husain Dalwai Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
4
P. Chidambaram Indian National Congress 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
5
Amar Shankar Sable Bharatiya Janata Party 14-Mar-2015 02-Apr-2020
6
Anil Desai Shiv Sena 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
7
Rajkumar Dhoot Shiv Sena 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
8
Piyush Goyal Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
9
Vinay Sahasrabuddhe Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
10
Sanjay Dattatraya Kakade Independent 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
11
Majeed Memon Nationalist Congress Party 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
12
Dr. Vikas Mahatme Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
13
Praful Patel Nationalist Congress Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
14
Rajani Patil Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
15
Sharad Pawar Nationalist Congress Party 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
16
Sanjay Raut Shiv Sena 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
17
Ajay Sancheti Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
18
Rajeev Shukla Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
19
D.P.Tripathi Nationalist Congress Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
Manipur[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Manipur
Keys: BJP (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Kshetrimayum Bhabananda Singh Bharatiya Janata Party 25-May-2017 09-Apr-2020
Meghalaya[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Meghalaya
Keys: INC (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Wansuk Syiem Indian National Congress 13-Apr-2014 12-Apr-2020
Mizoram[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Mizoram
Keys: INC (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Ronald Sapa Tlau Indian National Congress 19-Jul-2014 18-Jul-2020
Nagaland[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Nagaland
Keys: NPF (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
K. G. Kenye Naga People's Front 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
National Capital Territory of Delhi[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Delhi
Keys: INC (3)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Janardan Dwivedi Indian National Congress 28-Jan-2012 27-Jan-2018
2
Parvez Hashmi Indian National Congress 28-Jan-2012 27-Jan-2018
3
Dr. Karan Singh Indian National Congress 28-Jan-2012 27-Jan-2018
Odisha[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Odisha
Keys: BJD (8) INC (1) Independent (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Anubhav Mohanty Biju Janata Dal 13-Jun-2014 02-Apr-2020
2
A U Singh Deo Biju Janata Dal 26-Jun-2014 03-Apr-2018
3
A V Swamy Independent 04-Apr-2012 03-Apr-2018
4
Pratap Deb Biju Janata Dal 18-May-2017 01-Jul-2022
5
Prasanna Acharya Biju Janata Dal 26-Jul-2016 01-Jul-2022
6
Dilip Tirkey Biju Janata Dal 04-Apr-2012 03-Apr-2018
7
N. Bhaskar Rao Biju Janata Dal 02-Jul-2016 01-Jul-2022
8
Ranjib Biswal Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
9
Sarojini Hembram Biju Janata Dal 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
10
Narendra Kumar Swain Biju Janata Dal 07-Dec-2015 02-Apr-2020
Puducherry[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Puducherry
Keys: AIADMK (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
N Gokulakrishnan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 07-Oct-2015 06-Oct-2021
Punjab[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Punjab
Keys: INC (3) SAD (3) BJP (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Pratap Singh Bajwa Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2016 09-Apr-2022
2
Sukhdev Singh Dhindsa Shiromani Akali Dal 10-Apr-2016 09-Apr-2022
3
Shamsher Singh Dullo Indian National Congress 10-Apr-2016 09-Apr-2022
4
Naresh Gujral Shiromani Akali Dal 10-Apr-2016 09-Apr-2022
5
Shwet Malik Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2016 09-Apr-2022
6
Ambika Soni Indian National Congress 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
7
Balwinder Singh Bhunder Shiromani Akali Dal 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
Rajasthan[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Rajasthan
Keys: BJP (7) INC (2) Vacant (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Om Prakash Mathur Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
2
Abhishek Manu Singhvi Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Bhupender Yadav Bharatiya Janata Party 04-Apr-2012 03-Apr-2018
4
Narendra Budania Indian National Congress 04-Apr-2012 03-Apr-2018
5
Narayan Lal Panchariya Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
6
Ramnarayan Dudi Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
7
Vijay Goel Bharatiya Janata Party 10-Apr-2014 09-Apr-2020
8
Ram Kumar Verma Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
9
Harshvardhan Singh Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
10
Vacant since 10 August 2017
04-Jul-2022
Sikkim[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Sikkim
Keys: SDF (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Hishey Lachungpa Sikkim Democratic Front 24-Feb-2012 23-Feb-2018
Tamil Nadu[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Tamil Nadu
Keys: AIADMK (12) DMK (4) CPI(M) (1) CPI (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
S. R. Balasubramoniyan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
2
V. Maitreyan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 25-Jul-2013 24-Jul-2019
3
L. Sasikala Pushpa All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
4
A. Navaneethakrishnan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
5
T. Rathinavel All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 25-Jul-2013 24-Jul-2019
6
R. S. Bharathi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
7
Tiruchi Siva Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
8
Kanimozhi Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 25-Jul-2013 24-Jul-2019
9
Vijila Sathyananth All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
10
A. Vijayakumar All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
11
S. Muthukaruppan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
12
R. Vaithilingam All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
13
D. Raja Communist Party of India 25-Jul-2013 24-Jul-2019
14
T. K. S. Elangovan Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 30-Jun-2016 29-Jun-2022
15
T. K. Rangarajan Communist Party of India (Marxist) 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
16
K. R. Arjunan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 25-Jul-2013 24-Jul-2019
17
K. Selvaraj All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
18
R. Lakshmanan All India Anna Dravida Munnetra Kazhagam 25-Jul-2013 24-Jul-2019
Telangana[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Telangana
Keys: INC (2) TRS (2) TDP (2) Vacant (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
C. M. Ramesh Telugu Desam Party 02-Jun-2012 02-Apr-2018
2
Garikapati Mohan Rao Telugu Desam Party 02-Jun-2014 09-Apr-2020
3
K. V. P. Ramachandra Rao Indian National Congress 02-Jun-2014 09-Apr-2020
4
D. Srinivas Telangana Rashtra Samithi 22-Jun-2016 21-Jun-2022
5
Rapolu Ananda Bhaskar Indian National Congress 02-Jun-2012 02-Apr-2018
6
V. Lakshmikantha Rao Telangana Rashtra Samithi 22-Jun-2016 21-Jun-2022
7
Vacant since 9 June 2017
02-Apr-2018
Tripura[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Tripura
Keys: CPI(M) (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Jharna Das Communist Party of India (Marxist) 03-Apr-2016 02-Apr-2022
Uttar Pradesh[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Uttar Pradesh
Keys: SP (18) BSP (5) BJP (2) INC (3) Independent (1) Vacant (2)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Javed Ali Khan Samajwadi Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
2
Naresh Agrawal Samajwadi Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Munquad Ali Bahujan Samaj Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
4
Amar Singh Independent 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
5
Jaya Bachchan Samajwadi Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
6
Tazeen Fatma Samajwadi Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
7
Beni Prasad Verma Samajwadi Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
8
P. L. Punia Indian National Congress 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
9
Rewati Raman Singh Samajwadi Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
10
Vinay Katiyar Bharatiya Janata Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
11
Neeraj Shekhar Samajwadi Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
12
Satish Chandra Mishra Bahujan Samaj Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
13
Kiranmay Nanda Samajwadi Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
14
Shiv Pratap Shukla Bharatiya Janata Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
15
Vishambhar Prasad Nishad Samajwadi Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
16
Ravi Prakash Verma Samajwadi Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
17
Sukhram Singh Yadav Samajwadi Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
18
Rajaram Bahujan Samaj Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
19
Sanjay Seth Samajwadi Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
20
Munvvar Saleem Samajwadi Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
21
Kapil Sibal Indian National Congress 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
22
Chandrapal Singh Yadav Samajwadi Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
23
Surendra Nagar Samajwadi Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
24
Ashok Siddharth Bahujan Samaj Party 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
25
Veer Singh Bahujan Samaj Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
26
Alok Tiwari Samajwadi Party 19-Jun-2012 02-Apr-2018
27
Pramod Tiwari Indian National Congress 14-Dec-2013 02-Apr-2018
28
Darshan Singh Yadav Samajwadi Party 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
29
Ram Gopal Yadav Samajwadi Party 26-Nov-2014 25-Nov-2020
30
Vacant since 20 July 2017
02-Apr-2018
31
Vacant since 2 September 2017
25-Nov-2020
Uttarakhand[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from Uttarakhand
Keys: INC (3)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Mahendra Singh Mahra Indian National Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
2
Raj Babbar Indian National Congress 14-Mar-2015 25-Nov-2020
3
Pradeep Tamta Indian National Congress 05-Jul-2016 04-Jul-2022
West Bengal[edit]
Main article: List of Rajya Sabha members from West Bengal
Keys: AITC (13) CPI(M) (2) INC (1)
No
Name[2]
Party
Date of
Appointment[4]
Date of
Retirement[4]
1
Ritabrata Banerjee Communist Party of India (Marxist) 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
2
Md. Nadimul Haque All India Trinamool Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
3
Ahmed Hassan Imran All India Trinamool Congress 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
4
Dr. Kanwar Deep Singh All India Trinamool Congress 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
5
Vivek Gupta All India Trinamool Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
6
Sukhendu Shekhar Roy All India Trinamool Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
7
Tapan Kumar Sen Communist Party of India (Marxist) 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
8
Jogen Chowdhury All India Trinamool Congress 03-Apr-2014 02-Apr-2020
9
Shanta Chhetri All India Trinamool Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
10
Derek O'Brien All India Trinamool Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
11
Manas Bhunia All India Trinamool Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
12
Pradip Bhattacharya Indian National Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
13
Kunal Kumar Ghosh All India Trinamool Congress 03-Apr-2012 02-Apr-2018
14
Dola Sen All India Trinamool Congress 19-Aug-2017 18-Aug-2023
15
Manish Gupta All India Trinamool Congress 02-Mar-2017 02-Apr-2020
16
Vacant since 11 October 2017
02-Apr-2018
See also[edit]
List of members of the 16th Lok Sabha, the Lower House of Parliament of India. (As of October 2017)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "State Position Summary". 164.100.47.5. Retrieved 2016-06-12.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae "Statewise List". 164.100.47.5. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
Jump up ^ http://164.100.47.5/Newmembers/partymemberlist.aspx
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah ai aj ak al am an ao ap aq ar as at au av aw ax ay az ba bb bc bd be bf bg bh bi bj "Statewise Retirement". 164.100.47.5. Retrieved 12 June 2016.
Jump up ^ "Shivaji’s descendant Sambhaji Raje nominated to RS",The Tribune, 11 June 2016.
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The Longest Ride (film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The Longest Ride
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
George Tillman Jr.
Produced by
Marty Bowen
Wyck Godfrey
Theresa Park
Nicholas Sparks
Screenplay by
Craig Bolotin
Based on
The Longest Ride
by Nicholas Sparks
Starring
Scott Eastwood
Britt Robertson
Jack Huston
Oona Chaplin
Alan Alda
Melissa Benoist
Lolita Davidovich
Gloria Reuben
Music by
Mark Isham
Cinematography
David Tattersall
Edited by
Jason Ballantine
Production
companies
Fox 2000 Pictures
Temple Hill Entertainment
TSG Entertainment
Distributed by
20th Century Fox
Release date
April 10, 2015 (2015-04-10)
Running time
128 minutes[1]
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$34 million[2]
Box office
$64,944,815[3]
The Longest Ride is a 2015 American Neo Western romantic drama film directed by George Tillman Jr. and written by Craig Bolotin. Based on Nicholas Sparks' 2013 novel of the same name, the film stars Scott Eastwood, Britt Robertson, Jack Huston, Oona Chaplin, Alan Alda, Melissa Benoist, Lolita Davidovich, and Gloria Reuben. The film was released on April 10, 2015 by 20th Century Fox.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Development
3.2 Filming
4 Reception
4.1 Box office
4.2 Critical reception
5 Accolades
6 Home media
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Luke Collins (Scott Eastwood) is a bull rider on the Professional Bull Riders (PBR) tour, who is seriously injured one night while performing. A year later after recovering, he starts riding again and meets Sophia Danko (Britt Robertson) after she attends the show. She is an art lover living at a sorority house with an internship secured in New York City. On the way home from their first date, they spot a car crash in the woods and help rescue an older man who is stuck inside. Sophia also pulls a wicker box from the vehicle.
While in the hospital, Sophia continuously visits the man she and Luke rescued, Ira Levinson (Alan Alda). He explains that there are letters in the box, which he wrote as a teenager, and she offers to read them to him. They tell the story of how he met his late wife, Ruth (Oona Chaplin), on April 10, 1940. Their stories start to interweave. Luke finds an old photograph of Ira and Ruth that fell out of the box in his car and takes it to him at the hospital. In flashbacks, Ruth tells a young Ira that she wants a big family and, eventually, he proposes to her before leaving to fight in World War II. However, Ira is shot during an attack and is later informed by the doctor that he can no longer have children, news that causes distance between him and Ruth when he returns; as he knows how much she wants to be a mother. They decide to make it work regardless and move in together, decorating the house with many paintings that he and Ruth love more than anything.
Luke continues riding bulls, no matter the risk of being hurt again, while he and Sophia fall in love. Ira is now out of the hospital and has been moved to a nursing home, where Sophia continues to visit. She gets a call from her boss in New York asking her to attend an art exhibit in Charlotte the following week, which she invites Luke to. While they're there, Luke makes a rude comment to Sophia's boss, which causes an argument between them. They talk about how their worlds are so different and Luke doesn't feel that their romance will work out because of it. Back home, Sophia goes to Ira for advice. He then tells the story of how they made their situation work. Ruth was a school teacher who became very attached to a young boy named Daniel McDonald in her class. Because Daniel lives with his uncaring half-brother and his wife, she and Ira begin taking him in as their own and Ruth later decides to officially adopt him as her son, but his hardhearted relatives wouldn't allow it.
Meanwhile, Luke injures himself again, causing him to be rushed to the hospital. As Sophia is leaving for New York, she gets a call and goes to see him. Luke is advised not to ride again but refuses to accept that his career is over. Following an argument, Luke and Sophia break up. In flashbacks, Ira and Ruth also break up because she can't see a life with him without children in their future. However, weeks later, Ruth returns and they confess their love for one another. One morning, now eighty years old, Ira wakes up to find Ruth has died in her sleep. He boxes up all of the paintings they collected together to sell them at an auction. One night, a woman knocks on his door claiming to be the wife of Daniel McDonald, the child they almost adopted when they were younger, to inform him that Daniel, who later became an astronomer in Britain, has died. She gives him a portrait of Ruth that Daniel had painted and the photograph Daniel had kept of Ira and Ruth (the one Luke found in his car the day of the crash) with a message on the back that reads: "Ruth Levinson, third grade teacher. She told me I could be anything I wanted to be when I grew up". Daniel became a professor of astronomy in memory of his favorite teacher.
Sophia continues her studies at Wake Forest and Luke continues to ride bulls. One day, they are both contacted by Ira's attorney, (Sophia receives a phone call while in class; Luke opens a letter after a difficult ride) to inform them that Ira has died and that there will be an auction held for the paintings. Luke wins his last ride and wins the championship bull cup, but feels disappointed because Sophia isn't there with him. He then decides to go to the auction, where he buys the first painting, Daniel's portrait of Ruth. Sophia and Luke talk, and he tells her he won't ride anymore because what he really wants is to be with her. While they kiss, an uproar breaks out in the auction room. Luke is informed that he is now the owner of all of Ira's paintings since Ira left a message in his will stating that whoever bought the portrait would get them all since it was the most important one to him, making Luke very wealthy in the process.
One year later, Luke and Sophia, now married, have built a museum dedicated to Ira and Ruth and their paintings. Luke takes Sophia to the old college where Ira and Ruth used to spend their wedding anniversary. They sit under exactly the same tree and read Ira's letters together.
Cast[edit]
Scott Eastwood as Luke Collins
Britt Robertson as Sophia Collins (née Danko)
Alan Alda as Ira Levinson
Melissa Benoist as Marcia
Jack Huston as Young Ira
Oona Chaplin as Ruth
Lolita Davidovich as Linda Collins
Gloria Reuben as Adrienne Francis
Barry Ratcliffe as the Auctioneer
Peter Jurasik as Howie Sanders
Brett Edwards as Jared Middleton
Hunter Burke as David Stein
Alina Lia as Brooke
Rango the Bull as Himself[4][5]
Production[edit]
Development[edit]
In April 2014, Fox 2000 Pictures set a film adaptation to be released on April 10, 2015, with George Tillman Jr. in final talks to direct, Craig Bolotin adapting the screenplay, and Britt Robertson as Sophia Danko, Oona Chaplin as Ruth, Scott Eastwood as Luke Collins, Jack Huston as Young Ira, and Alan Alda as old Ira.[6][7][8][9][10]
Filming[edit]
Principal photography began on June 16, 2014, in Wilmington and Winston-Salem, North Carolina.[11][12][13] On July 28, filming started in Jacksonville, where a major rodeo scene was shot. The PBR was the technical advisor and producer for all of the bull riding events.[14] PBR bull riders doubled for Scott and appeared in the film.[14] The star bull in the movie is played by beloved top ranking PBR bull Rango.[5] The crew then moved to Winston-Salem at the Lawrence Joel Veterans Memorial Coliseum.[15][16]
Reception[edit]
Box office[edit]
The Longest Ride has grossed $37,446,117 in North America and $25,498,698 in other territories for a worldwide total of $62,944,815.[3]
In its opening weekend, the film grossed $13,019,686, finishing third at the box office behind Furious 7 ($59,585,930) and Home ($18,532,280).[3]
Critical reception[edit]
The Longest Ride has received negative reviews from critics. On review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes, the film has a rating of 29%, based on 112 reviews, with an average rating of 4.4/10. The site's critical consensus reads, "The Longest Ride is less manipulative than the average Nicholas Sparks film, but it's still saccharine and hopelessly contrived — not that it'll matter to the target audience."[17] On Metacritic, which assigns a normalized rating, the film has a score of 33 out of 100, based on 30 critics, indicating "generally unfavorable reviews".[18] It earned an average grade of "A" in CinemaScore poll on an A+ to F scale,[19] marking the first Sparks feature adaptation to earn an A in 11 years since The Notebook (2004).[20]
Accolades[edit]
Year
Ceremony
Category
Recipient(s)
Result
2015 Teen Choice Awards Choice Movie: Drama The Longest Ride Nominated
Choice Movie Actor: Drama Scott Eastwood Won
Choice Movie Actress: Drama Britt Robertson Nominated
Choice Movie: Breakout Star Scott Eastwood Nominated
2016 People's Choice Awards Favorite Dramatic Movie The Longest Ride Nominated
Home media[edit]
The Longest Ride was released on DVD and Blu-ray on July 14, 2015.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "THE LONGEST RIDE (12A)". British Board of Film Classification. April 23, 2015. Retrieved April 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ Busch, Anita (April 8, 2015). "Box Office Preview: 'Furious 7' Riding The Wave, 'Longest Ride' In Rearview Mirror". Deadline. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Longest Ride (2015)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved August 2, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Rango The Bull". IMDb. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b "Professional Bull Riders - Professional Bull Riders star bull Rango passes away". Professional Bull Riders. Retrieved 8 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Kit, Borys (March 17, 2014). "George Tillman Jr. in Final Talks to Direct 'Longest Ride' (Exclusive)". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Yamato, Jen (May 5, 2014). "Britt Robertson Boards Nicholas Sparks Romance 'The Longest Ride'". Deadline. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Oona Chaplin To Star In Nicholas Sparks' 'The Longest Ride'". redcarpetendings.com. Retrieved 2014-05-08.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (May 29, 2014). "Jack Huston To Star In Fox 2000′s 'The Longest Ride'". Deadline. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Fleming Jr, Mike (June 5, 2014). "Alan Alda Joins 'The Longest Ride' At Fox 2000". Deadline. Archived from the original on July 14, 2014. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ "'The Longest Ride', starring Britt Robertson, begins filming in Wilmington, NC on June 16". www.onlocationvacations.com. May 29, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Nicholas Sparks' The Longest Ride Filming In NC". www.witn.com. Jun 5, 2014.
Jump up ^ Powell, Ben (17 June 2014). "'The Longest Ride' begins filming in Wilmington". wect.com. Retrieved 17 June 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "Professional Bull Riders - Filming underway on 'The Longest Ride'". Professional Bull Riders. Retrieved 3 December 2016.
Jump up ^ Humphrey, Amanda (July 29, 2014). "Filming for 'The Longest Ride' under way in Jacksonville". newbernsj.com. Retrieved July 30, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Local organizations offered money to provide extras for 'The Longest Ride' - myfox8.com". myfox8.com. Retrieved March 23, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Longest Ride". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved October 17, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The Longest Ride Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved July 5, 2015.
Jump up ^ "The Longest Ride". CinemaScore. Retrieved April 11, 2015.
Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (April 10, 2015). "Diesel-Fueled Social Media Spurs 'Furious 7′ In Second Lap; 'Longest Ride' Branded With 'A' CinemaScore – Late Night Box Office". Deadline.com. Retrieved April 11, 2015.
External links[edit]
Official website
The Longest Ride on IMDb
The Longest Ride at Box Office Mojo
The Longest Ride at Rotten Tomatoes
The Longest Ride at Metacritic
[show]
v
t
e
Films directed by George Tillman Jr.
Soul Food (1997)
Men of Honor (2000)
Notorious (2009)
Faster (2010)
The Inevitable Defeat of Mister & Pete (2013)
The Longest Ride (2015)
The Hate U Give (2018)
[show]
v
t
e
Nicholas Sparks
Novels
The Notebook (1996)
Message in a Bottle (1998)
A Walk to Remember (1999)
The Rescue (2000)
A Bend in the Road (2001)
Nights in Rodanthe (2002)
The Guardian (2003)
The Wedding (2003)
True Believer (2005)
At First Sight (2006)
Dear John (2006)
The Choice (2007)
The Lucky One (2008)
The Last Song (2009)
Safe Haven (2010)
The Best of Me (2011)
The Longest Ride (2013)
See Me (2015)
Two by Two (2016)
Non-fiction
Wokini: A Lakota Journey to Happiness and Self-Understanding (1990)
Three Weeks with My Brother (2004)
Film adaptations
Message in a Bottle (1999)
A Walk to Remember (2002)
The Notebook (2004)
Nights in Rodanthe (2008)
Dear John (2010)
The Last Song (2010)
The Lucky One (2012)
Safe Haven (2013)
The Best of Me (2014)
The Longest Ride (2015)
The Choice (2016)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Longest_Ride_(film)&oldid=835104946"
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