text:
Common cause and special cause (statistics)
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This article is about statistical patterns. For visible patterns, see Patterns in nature.
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Type of variation
Synonyms
Common cause Chance cause
Non-assignable cause
Noise
Natural pattern
Random effects
Random error
Special cause Assignable cause
Signal
Unnatural pattern
Systematic effects
Systematic error
Common and special causes are the two distinct origins of variation in a process, as defined in the statistical thinking and methods of Walter A. Shewhart and W. Edwards Deming. Briefly, "common causes", also called natural patterns, are the usual, historical, quantifiable variation in a system, while "special causes" are unusual, not previously observed, non-quantifiable variation.
The distinction is fundamental in philosophy of statistics and philosophy of probability, with different treatment of these issues being a classic issue of probability interpretations, being recognised and discussed as early as 1703 by Gottfried Leibniz; various alternative names have been used over the years.
The distinction has been particularly important in the thinking of economists Frank Knight, John Maynard Keynes and G. L. S. Shackle.
Contents
[hide]
1 Origins and concepts
2 Definitions
2.1 Common-cause variations
2.2 Special-cause variation
3 Examples
3.1 Common causes
3.2 Special causes
4 Importance to economics
5 Importance to industrial and quality management
6 Importance to statistics
6.1 Deming and Shewhart
6.2 Keynes
7 Common mode failure in engineering
8 See also
9 Bibliography
10 References
Origins and concepts[edit]
In 1703, Jacob Bernoulli wrote to Gottfried Leibniz to discuss their shared interest in applying mathematics and probability to games of chance. Bernoulli speculated whether it would be possible to gather mortality data from gravestones and thereby calculate, by their existing practice, the probability of a man currently aged 20 years outliving a man aged 60 years. Leibniz replied that he doubted this was possible:
Nature has established patterns originating in the return of events but only for the most part. New illnesses flood the human race, so that no matter how many experiments you have done on corpses, you have not thereby imposed a limit on the nature of events so that in the future they could not vary.
This captures the central idea that some variation is predictable, at least approximately in frequency. This common-cause variation is evident from the experience base. However, new, unanticipated, emergent or previously neglected phenomena (e.g. "new diseases") result in variation outside the historical experience base. Shewhart and Deming argued that such special-cause variation is fundamentally unpredictable in frequency of occurrence or in severity.
John Maynard Keynes emphasised the importance of special-cause variation when he wrote:
By "uncertain" knowledge ... I do not mean merely to distinguish what is known for certain from what is only probable. The game of roulette is not subject, in this sense, to uncertainty ... The sense in which I am using the term is that in which the prospect of a European war is uncertain, or the price of copper and the rate of interest twenty years hence, or the obsolescence of a new invention ... About these matters there is no scientific basis on which to form any calculable probability whatever. We simply do not know!
Definitions[edit]
Common-cause variations[edit]
Common-cause variation is characterised by:[citation needed]
Phenomena constantly active within the system;
Variation predictable probabilistically;
Irregular variation within a historical experience base; and
Lack of significance in individual high or low values.
The outcomes of a perfectly balanced roulette wheel are a good example of common-cause variation. Common-cause variation is the noise within the system.
Walter A. Shewhart originally used the term chance cause.[1] The term common cause was coined by Harry Alpert in 1947. The Western Electric Company used the term natural pattern.[2] Shewhart called a process that features only common-cause variation as being in statistical control. This term is deprecated by some modern statisticians who prefer the phrase stable and predictable.
Special-cause variation[edit]
Special-cause variation is characterised by:[citation needed]
New, unanticipated, emergent or previously neglected phenomena within the system;
Variation inherently unpredictable, even probabilistically;
Variation outside the historical experience base; and
Evidence of some inherent change in the system or our knowledge of it.
Special-cause variation always arrives as a surprise. It is the signal within a system.
Walter A. Shewhart originally used the term assignable cause.[3] The term special-cause was coined by W. Edwards Deming. The Western Electric Company used the term unnatural pattern.[2]
Examples[edit]
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Common causes[edit]
Inappropriate procedures
Poor design
Poor maintenance of machines
Lack of clearly defined standard operating procedures
Poor working conditions, e.g. lighting, noise, dirt, temperature, ventilation
Substandard raw materials
Measurement error
Quality control error
Vibration in industrial processes
Ambient temperature and humidity
Normal wear and tear
Variability in settings
Computer response time
Special causes[edit]
Poor adjustment of equipment...
Operator falls asleep
Faulty controllers
Machine malfunction
Fall of ground
Computer crash
Poor batch of raw material
Power surges
High healthcare demand from elderly people
Broken part
Lack of awareness
Abnormal traffic (click fraud) on web ads
Extremely long lab testing turnover time due to switching to a new computer system
Operator absent[4]
Importance to economics[edit]
For more details on this topic, see Knightian uncertainty.
In economics, this circle of ideas is analysed under the rubric of "Knightian uncertainty". John Maynard Keynes and Frank Knight both discussed the inherent unpredictability of economic systems in their work and used it to criticise the mathematical approach to economics, in terms of expected utility, developed by Ludwig von Mises and others. Keynes in particular argued that economic systems did not automatically tend to the equilibrium of full employment owing to their agents' inability to predict the future. As he remarked in The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money:
... as living and moving beings, we are forced to act ... [even when] our existing knowledge does not provide a sufficient basis for a calculated mathematical expectation.
Keynes' thinking was at odds with the classical liberalism of the Austrian School of economists, but G. L. S. Shackle recognised the importance of Keynes's insight and sought to formalise it within a free-market philosophy.
In financial economics, the black swan theory of Nassim Nicholas Taleb is based on the significance and unpredictability of special causes.
Importance to industrial and quality management[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
A special-cause failure is a failure that can be corrected by changing a component or process, whereas a common-cause failure is equivalent to noise in the system and specific actions cannot be made to prevent the failure.
Harry Alpert observed:[citation needed]
A riot occurs in a certain prison. Officials and sociologists turn out a detailed report about the prison, with a full explanation of why and how it happened here, ignoring the fact that the causes were common to a majority of prisons, and that the riot could have happened anywhere.
The quote recognises that there is a temptation to react to an extreme outcome and to see it as significant, even where its causes are common to many situations and the distinctive circumstances surrounding its occurrence, the results of mere chance. Such behaviour has many implications within management, often leading to ad-hoc interventions that merely increase the level of variation and frequency of undesirable outcomes.
Deming and Shewhart both advocated the control chart as a means of managing a business process in an economically efficient manner.
Importance to statistics[edit]
Deming and Shewhart[edit]
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Within the frequency probability framework, there is no process whereby a probability can be attached to the future occurrence of special cause.[citation needed] One might naively ask whether the Bayesian approach does allow such a probability to be specified. The existence of special-cause variation led Keynes and Deming to an interest in Bayesian probability, but no formal synthesis emerged from their work. Most statisticians of the Shewhart-Deming school take the view that special causes are not embedded in either experience or in current thinking (that's why they come as a surprise; their prior probability has been neglected—in effect, assigned the value zero) so that any subjective probability is doomed to be hopelessly badly calibrated in practice.
It is immediately apparent from the Leibniz quote above that there are implications for sampling. Deming observed that in any forecasting activity, the population is that of future events while the sampling frame is, inevitably, some subset of historical events. Deming held that the disjoint nature of population and sampling frame was inherently problematic once the existence of special-cause variation was admitted, rejecting the general use of probability and conventional statistics in such situations. He articulated the difficulty as the distinction between analytic and enumerative statistical studies.
Shewhart argued that, as processes subject to special-cause variation were inherently unpredictable, the usual techniques of probability could not be used to separate special-cause from common-cause variation. He developed the control chart as a statistical heuristic to distinguish the two types of variation. Both Deming and Shewhart advocated the control chart as a means of assessing a process's state of statistical control and as a foundation for forecasting.
Keynes[edit]
Keynes identified three domains of probability:[5]
frequency probability;
subjective or Bayesian probability; and
events lying outside the possibility of any description in terms of probability (special causes)
and sought to base a probability theory thereon.
Common mode failure in engineering[edit]
This section possibly contains original research. Please improve it by verifying the claims made and adding inline citations. Statements consisting only of original research should be removed. (February 2013) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Common mode failure has a more specific meaning in engineering. It refers to events which are not statistically independent. That is, failures in multiple parts of a system caused by a single fault, particularly random failures due to environmental conditions or aging. An example is when all of the pumps for a fire sprinkler system are located in one room. If the room becomes too hot for the pumps to operate, they will all fail at essentially the same time, from one cause (the heat in the room).[6] Another example is an electronic system wherein a fault in a power supply injects noise onto a supply line, causing failures in multiple subsystems.
This is particularly important in safety-critical systems using multiple redundant channels. If the probability of failure in one subsystem is p, then it would be expected that an N channel system would have a probability of failure of pN. However, in practice, the probability of failure is much higher because they are not statistically independent; for example ionizing radiation or electromagnetic interference (EMI) may affect all the channels.[7]
The principle of redundancy states that, when events of failure of a component are statistically independent, the probabilities of their joint occurrence multiply.[8] Thus, for instance, if the probability of failure of a component of a system is one in one thousand per year, the probability of the joint failure of two of them is one in one million per year, provided that the two events are statistically independent. This principle favors the strategy of the redundancy of components. One place this strategy is implemented is in RAID 1, where two hard disks store a computer's data redundantly.
But even so there can be many common modes: consider a RAID1 where two disks are purchased online and are installed in a computer, there can be many common modes:
The disks are likely to be from the same manufacturer and of the same model, therefore they share the same design flaws.
The disks are likely to have similar serial numbers, thus they may share any manufacturing flaws affecting production of the same batch.
The disks are likely to have been shipped at the same time, thus they are likely to have suffered from the same transportation damage.
As installed both disks are attached to the same power supply, making them vulnerable to the same power supply issues.
As installed both disks are in the same case, making them vulnerable to the same overheating events.
They will be both attached to the same card or motherboard, and driven by the same software, which may have the same bugs.
Because of the very nature of RAID1, both disks will be subjected to the same workload and very closely similar access patterns, stressing them in the same way.
Also, if the events of failure of two components are maximally statistically dependent, the probability of the joint failure of both is identical to the probability of failure of them individually. In such a case, the advantages of redundancy are negated. Strategies for the avoidance of common mode failures include keeping redundant components physically isolated.
A prime example of redundancy with isolation is a nuclear power plant.[9][10] The new ABWR has three divisions of Emergency Core Cooling Systems, each with its own generators and pumps and each isolated from the others. The new European Pressurized Reactor has two containment buildings, one inside the other. However, even here it is possible for a common mode failure to occur (for example, in the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant, mains power was severed by the Tōhoku earthquake, then the thirteen backup diesel generators were all simultaneously disabled by the subsequent tsunami that flooded the basements of the turbine halls).
See also[edit]
Corrective and preventative action (CAPA)
Nuclear safety
Probabilistic risk assessment
Statistical process control
Bibliography[edit]
Deming, W. E. (1975) On probability as a basis for action, The American Statistician, 29(4), pp. 146–152
Deming, W. E. (1982) Out of the Crisis: Quality, Productivity and Competitive Position ISBN 0-521-30553-5
Keynes, J. M. (1936) The General Theory of Employment, Interest and Money ISBN 1-57392-139-4
Keynes, J. M. (1921) [5]
Knight, F. H. (1921) Risk, Uncertainty and Profit ISBN 1-58798-126-2
Shackle, G. L. S. (1972) Epistemics and Economics: A Critique of Economic Doctrines ISBN 1-56000-558-0
Shewhart, W. A. (1931) Economic Control of Quality of Manufactured Product ISBN 0-87389-076-0
Shewhart, W. A. (1939) Statistical Method from the Viewpoint of Quality Control ISBN 0-486-65232-7
Wheeler, D. J. & Chambers, D. S. (1992) Understanding Statistical Process Control ISBN 0-945320-13-2
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Shewhart, Walter A. (1931). "Economic control of quality of manufactured product". New York City: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc: 7. OCLC 1045408.
^ Jump up to: a b Western Electric Company (1956). "Introduction to Statistical Quality Control handbook" (1 ed.). Indianapolis, Indiana: Western Electric Co: 23–24. OCLC 33858387.
Jump up ^ Shewhart, Walter A. (1931). "Economic control of quality of manufactured product". New York City: D. Van Nostrand Company, Inc: 14. OCLC 1045408.
Jump up ^ "Statistical Inference". Archived from the original on 7 October 2006. Retrieved 13 November 2006.
^ Jump up to: a b Keynes, J. M. (1921). A Treatise on Probability. ISBN 0-333-10733-0.
Jump up ^ Thomson, Jim (February 2012). "Common-Mode Failure Considerations in High-Integrity C&I Systems" (PDF). Safety in Engineering. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
Jump up ^ Randell, Brian Design Fault Tolerance in The Evolution of Fault-Tolerant Computing, Avizienis, A.; Kopetz, H.; Laprie, J.-C. (eds.), pp. 251-270. Springer-Verlag, 1987. ISBN 3-211-81941-X.
Jump up ^ "SEI Framework: Fault Tolerance Mechanisms". Redundancy Management. NIST High Integrity Software Systems Assurance. March 30, 1995. Retrieved November 21, 2012.
Jump up ^ Edwards, G. T.; Watson, I. A. (July 1979). "A Study of Common-Mode Failures". SRD R146. UK Atomic Energy Authority: Safety and Reliability Directorate.
Jump up ^ Bourne, A. J.; Edwards, G. T.; Hunns, D. M.; Poulter, D. R.; Watson, I. A. (January 1981). "Defences against Common-Mode Failures in Redundancy Systems – A Guide for Management, Designers and Operators". SRD R196. UK Atomic Energy Authority: Safety and Reliability Directorate.
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Love It or List It
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Love It or List It
Genre
Reality renovations, upgrading
Created by
Maria Armstrong
Catherine Fogarty
Directed by
Various
Starring
Hilary Farr
David Visentin
Narrated by
Jacqueline Hennessy
Theme music composer
Lou Pomanti
Country of origin
Canada
United States
Original language(s)
English
No. of seasons
10
No. of episodes
130 (List of episodes)
Production
Executive producer(s)
Maria Armstrong
Catherine Fogarty
Producer(s)
Maria Armstrong
Location(s)
Toronto, Ontario, Canada, Raleigh–Durham, North Carolina, United States
Running time
44 minutes
Production company(s)
Big Coat Productions
Release
Original network
W Network
HGTV
Original release
September 8, 2008 – present
External links
Website
Production website
Love It or List It is a Canadian home design TV show currently airing on HGTV, W Network, and on OWN Canada, and is the original show in the Love it or List It franchise. The show is produced by Big Coat Productions and was based in Toronto and other surrounding areas in Ontario, Canada. The show premiered as a primetime program on W Network on September 8, 2008, and has since aired on OWN Canada as well as HGTV in the United States. In September 2014, the show began filming in the United States in North Carolina.[1]
In September 2017, HGTV ordered 20 additional episodes of the program. The next season is to start airing in July 2018.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Format
2 Host and crew
3 Episodes
4 Franchise
5 International syndication
6 Reception
7 Controversy
8 References
9 External links
Format[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (November 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Every episode of Love It or List It follows the same formula. A couple (usually, but not in all cases) presents their living situation in the current house that they own. In most episodes, the couple is split on whether or not they want to stay in the house.
Interior designer Hilary Farr and real estate agent David Visentin tour the couple's home before meeting with them. The tour usually consists of David finding mostly negative things to say about the residence while Hilary is convinced that she can work magic with whatever plans she is given.
At the meetup between the couple and the hosts of the show, both Hilary and David are briefed as to what the couple's desires are. Hilary is given a list of renovations the couple wants for the current house and her budget for the entire project. David, meanwhile, is tasked with searching for a new home for the couple that both meets their needs and stays within their desired budget.
Common challenges faced by Hilary are an inadequate budget to complete the entire request list from the homeowners, often due to discovery of unforeseen issues with the house that are uncovered during the renovation such as lack of compliance with modern building codes. Common issues for David, meanwhile, depend on the homeowners' desires; for instance, the couple has children enrolled in the neighborhood school and they do not desire to change, or the potential house is too distant from family members or a workplace.
After Hilary's renovation is complete, the homeowners are given a tour of their current home to see what she was able to accomplish. After the tour, David meets with them and hands them an evaluation of the home's current market value following the renovations. He will then remind the couple what they could have in one of the new homes they looked at and that they would not get that in their current home.
After a moment to deliberate, Hilary and David pose a question to the homeowners. They must choose to either Love It, meaning that they will continue to live in their current home with the renovations, or to List It, meaning that they will buy one of the homes David showed them and sell their current home. After they reveal their decision, the homeowners explain their reasoning to Hilary and David (who, if they decided to Love It, reacts with incredulity) before bidding them farewell.
Host and crew[edit]
Hosts
Hilary Farr – Hilary Farr is a home designer from Toronto, Ontario. She has lived in Australia, England, California, and New York City. Farr honed her skills on properties in Los Angeles, Santa Barbara, New York and Toronto. When she first moved back to Toronto, she became the first designer to "stage" properties for sale. She continues to build and design homes in the downtown core where she herself owns properties.[3]
David Visentin – David Visentin is a real estate agent in Southern Ontario with Country Living Realty Limited. He has been practicing since 1987.[4]
Assistant Designer
Desta Ostapyk (Canadian episodes) – Desta is a Toronto-based designer who graduated in 2004 from the Toronto International Academy of Design and Technology in Interior Design, and has since focused on a career in the Television Industry. She first started working with Big Coat Productions during her last semester of school as an intern for HGTV's hit series My Parents House. She soon became the Design Stylist for the show.[5]
Contractors
Eric Eremita (North Carolina episodes) – General contractor and designer Eric Eremita was selected to be the one and only general contractor on HGTV's "Love It or List It" U.S. version, after HGTV network took notice of him when he competed in its "Brother vs. Brother" reality show.
Eddie Richardson (Canadian episodes) – Eddie Richardson was a contractor on Love It or List It who started his own family business. Richardson has also been a pro-beach volleyball player and professional bass fisherman.
Fergus McLaren (Canadian episodes) – Fergus McLaren started up his own construction company, R-Mac Solutions, 10 years ago.
Behind the Scenes
Architect: Simon West
Senior Production Coordinator: Linda Johnstone
Construction Coordinator: David Violante
Construction Assistants: Chris Blinn, Adam Dalgarno, Ahren Mrowietz, Dale George
Design Coordinator: Kaaveh Shoman
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Love It or List It episodes
Season
Start date
End date
Episodes
Hilary wins
David wins
1
September 8, 2008 January 5, 2009 12 9 3
2
April 6, 2009 December 7, 2009 18 10 8
3
May 3, 2010 November 8, 2010 21 9 12
4
March 14, 2011 November 11, 2011 19 12 7
5
February 20, 2012 November 19, 2012 18 10 8
6
January 19, 2013 July 1, 2013 14 8 6
7
January 8, 2014 April 9, 2014 14 11 3
8
September 8, 2014 January 19, 2015 16 8 8
9
March 9, 2015 December 7, 2015 22 13 9
Total
154
90
64
Victories for Hilary are families or clients who decided to love their home and stay. Victories for David are families and clients who decided to list and move into a new or better home.
Franchise[edit]
Main article: Love It or List It (franchise)
Love It or List It has spawned five spinoffs. The first,[6] known as Love It or List It Vancouver (or Love it or List it Too in the US), was launched in winter 2012 and is hosted by Jillian Harris and Todd Talbot. The second spin-off, a British version known as Love It or List It UK, debuted in 2015,[7] is hosted by Kirstie Allsopp and Phil Spencer. The third spin off, Love It or List It Vacation Homes[8] debuted in spring 2016 and is hosted by Dan Vickery and Elisa Goldhawke. A fourth spin off, Vendre ou renover au Quebec debuted in January 2017 and is hosted by Maika Desnoyers and Daniel Corbin.[9] The fifth spin off, Love It Or List It Australia debuted in September 2017 and is hosted by Andrew Winter and Neale Whittaker.[10]
International syndication[edit]
Country / Region
Name
Television Network
Dubbing / Subtitles
Australia Love It or List It Lifestyle Home N/A
Canada Love It or List It W Network N/A
USA Love It or List It HGTV[11] N/A
Spain Tu casa a juicio Divinity Spanish
Brazil Ame-a ou Deixe-a Discovery Home & Health Portuguese
Norway Bolighjelpen TV 2 (Norway) Norwegian
Bulgaria Podnovi ili proday Fox Life (Bulgaria) Bulgarian
Italy Prendere o lasciare Cielo dubbed in Italian
Reception[edit]
On August 31, 2010, Love It or List It was nominated for two Gemini Awards: Best Reality Program or Series and Best Direction in a Reality Program or Series. When HGTV premiered the show on the network, the company stated that Love It or List It has been the highest rating reality series since Candice Olson's Candice Tells All.[12]
In 2012, New York Times' columnist Gail Collins noted that it was US Secretary of State Hillary Clinton's favorite TV show.[13][14] According to Collins, Clinton finds the show "very calming"[15] after being interviewed about her departure from politics.[16][17][18]
In a 2013 interview with Las Vegas Magazine, Vanna White from Wheel of Fortune said it was one of her favourite HGTV programs.[19] Actress Julianne Moore also gave similar praise for the show in an interview with Katie Couric and the Daily Mail.[20][21]
According to the Wall Street Journal, the show and its Vancouver spinoff is one of Canada's beloved reality series.[22]
Controversy[edit]
In April 2016, homeowners Deanna Murphy and Tim Sullivan who had participated in a 2015 Love It or List It episode filed suit against production company Big Coat TV, as well as the North Carolina contractor (Aaron Fitz Construction)[23] who had been hired by the show to do the renovations on their home. The couple alleges that the renovation funds that they provided were not properly disbursed, and that the work on their home was done to a substandard quality.[24] Moreover, the lawsuit states that the television personalities on the show do not play an active role in the renovation process, and that they were not shown homes on the market by any licensed North Carolina real estate agent. Big Coat TV has commented that they "do intend to vigorously defend what [they] consider to be false allegations."[25]
The suit was settled in April 2017.[26] The plaintiffs had signed a confidentiality agreement; their lawyer would not comment on the settlement.[27] Big Coat had previously filed a countersuit for libel, slander and product disparagement; parts of that suit had been dismissed by the time of the settlement but that was under appeal by Big Coat. After the agreements had been concluded, both suits were dismissed.[28]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ http://www.bigcoatproductions.com/blog/post/love-it-or-list-it-is-on-the-move-to-the-us. Big Coat Productions. Retrieved 12 December 2014
Jump up ^ "HGTV Orders 20 New Episodes of Hit Series 'Love It or List It' | Scripps Networks Interactive Newsroom". newsroom.scrippsnetworksinteractive.com. Retrieved 2018-01-02.
Jump up ^ Host Bios; Hilary Farr "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved June 10, 2011.
Jump up ^ Host Bios; David Visentin "Archived copy". Archived from the original on July 18, 2011. Retrieved June 10, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Big Coat Productions". Big Coat Productions. Archived from the original on July 16, 2013. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ Love it or List it launches new spin off
Jump up ^ "Kirstie and Phil's Love It or List It will return for a second series:Channel 4 orders six more episodes of the show to air in 2016". Digital Spy. 2 June 2015. Retrieved 14 March 2016.
Jump up ^ http://www.bigcoatmedia.com/
Jump up ^ http://www.hgtv.ca/tags/love-it-or-list-it-vacation-homes/
Jump up ^ http://www.news.com.au/entertainment/tv/reality-tv/i-fear-pineapples-are-very-much-the-new-owls-love-it-or-list-it-hosts-kiss-and-tell-on-renos/news-story/935d73b586c68943a6a455f02354bef9
Jump up ^ Vlessing, Etan (November 28, 2011). "HGTV Acquires Canadian Lifestyle Series 'Love It Or List It'". The Hollywood Reporter.
Jump up ^ W Network's Top Rated Show; http://corusent.com/home/Corporate/PressReleases/tabid/1697/Default.aspx?Id=2323
Jump up ^ Maga, Carly (March 29, 2012). "Hillary Clinton's favorite show is Canada's 'Love It Or List It'". Ca.omg.yahoo.com. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ Miller, Julie. "Hillary Clinton's Unlikely Favorite TV Show Revealed". Vanity Fair. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Vanity Fair: Hillary Clinton's Unlikely Favorite TV Show Revealed". Huffingtonpost.com. November 13, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Hillary Clinton likes 'Love It or List It'". Politico.Com. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Love it or list it News, Video and Gossip". Jezebel. November 11, 2012. Retrieved March 22, 2013.
Jump up ^ Collins, Gail (November 10, 2012). "Hillary's Next Move". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ "Q&A WITH VANNA WHITE". Las Vegas Magazine. September 13, 2013.
Jump up ^ Daily Mail. London http://www.dailymail.co.uk/home/you/article-2376232/Julianne-Moore-My-50s-important-years.html. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ "Julianne Moore Opens Up About Her Family". KatieCouric.com. Retrieved August 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "W Network Announces Return of Home-grown Favourites in Fall 2013 Lineup". The Wall Street Journal. July 17, 2013.
Jump up ^ https://www.bizjournals.com/charlotte/bizwomen/news/latest-news/2017/05/lawsuit-against-producer-of-love-it-or-list-it.html
Jump up ^ CNN, Lisa Respers France. "'Love It or List It' homeowners file suit". CNN. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
Jump up ^ "'Love It Or List It' homeowners sue over Raleigh renovation". miamiherald. Retrieved 2016-05-03.
Jump up ^ ""Raleigh property owners settle lawsuit with 'Love It or List It'"". News & Observer. Retrieved 2017-11-26.
Jump up ^ http://www.charlotteobserver.com/news/local/article150134792.html
Jump up ^ https://www.bizjournals.com/charlotte/bizwomen/news/latest-news/2017/05/lawsuit-against-producer-of-love-it-or-list-it.html
External links[edit]
Love It or List It on HGTV
Love It or List It on W Network
Love It or List It at the Internet Movie Database
[hide]
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text:
2018 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
2018 U.S. Figure Skating Championships
Type:
National Championship
Date:
December 29 – January 8
Season:
2017–18
Location:
San Jose, California
Host:
U.S. Figure Skating
Venue:
SAP Center
Champions
Men's singles:
Nathan Chen (S)
Camden Pulkinen (J)
Ladies' singles:
Bradie Tennell (S)
Alysa Liu (J)
Pair skating:
Alexa Scimeca Knierim / Chris Knierim (S)
Audrey Lu / Misha Mitrofanov (J)
Ice dancing:
Madison Hubbell / Zachary Donohue (S)
Christina Carreira / Anthony Ponomarenko (J)
Navigation
Previous:
2017 U.S. Championships
Next:
2019 U.S. Championships
The 2018 Prudential U.S. Figure Skating Championships were held from December 29, 2017 – January 8, 2018 at the SAP Center in San Jose, California. Medals were awarded in the disciplines of men's singles, ladies singles, pair skating, and ice dancing at the senior, junior, novice, intermediate, and juvenile levels. The results were part of the U.S. selection criteria for the 2018 Winter Olympics, 2018 Four Continents Championships, 2018 World Junior Championships, and the 2018 World Championships.
San Jose was announced as the host in August 2016.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Qualifying
2 Schedule
3 Medal summary
3.1 Senior
3.2 Junior
3.3 Novice
3.4 Intermediate
3.5 Juvenile
4 Senior results
4.1 Senior men
4.2 Senior ladies
4.3 Senior pairs
4.4 Senior ice dance
5 Junior results
5.1 Junior men
5.2 Junior ladies
5.3 Junior pairs
5.4 Junior ice dance
6 Novice results
6.1 Novice men
6.2 Novice ladies
6.3 Novice pairs
6.4 Novice ice dance
7 International team selections
7.1 Winter Olympics
7.2 World Championships
7.3 Four Continents
7.4 World Junior Championships
8 References
9 External links
Qualifying[edit]
Competitors qualified at regional and sectional competitions held from October to November 2017 or earned a bye.
Date
Event
Type
Location
Results
October 4–8, 2017 North Atlantic Regional Hackensack, New Jersey [2]
October 4–8, 2017 Upper Great Lakes Regional Blaine, Minnesota [3]
October 11–15, 2017 Northwest Pacific Regional Eugene, Oregon [4]
October 11–15, 2017 South Atlantic Regional Aston, Pennsylvania [5]
October 11–15, 2017 Southwestern Regional Fort Collins, Colorado [6]
October 11–15, 2017 Southwest Pacific Regional Ontario, California [7]
October 18–22, 2017 New England Regional Westborough, Massachusetts [8]
October 18–22, 2017 Eastern Great Lakes Regional Antioch, Tennessee [9]
October 18–22, 2017 Central Pacific Regional Salt Lake City, Utah [10]
November 15–19, 2017 Eastern Sectional Boxborough, Massachusetts [11]
November 15–19, 2017 Midwestern Sectional Bloomington, Minnesota [12]
November 15–19, 2017 Pacific Coast Sectional Spokane, Washington [13]
December 29, 2017 – January 7, 2018 U.S. Championships Final San Jose, California [14]
In late December 2017, U.S. Figure Skating published the list of skaters who had qualified or received a bye.[15]
Schedule[edit]
The competition took place over ten days. All times are in PST.[14][16]
Date
Time
Event
Segment
December 29 9:10 AM Juvenile girls Free skate
10:45 AM Juvenile boys
12:30 PM Juvenile pairs
3:00 PM Intermediate pairs Short program
4:45 PM Intermediate ladies
6:30 PM Intermediate men
December 30 2:45 PM Intermediate pairs Free skate
4:45 PM Intermediate ladies
6:30 PM Intermediate men
December 31 10:30 AM Juvenile dance Pattern dance 1 (Foxtrot)
11:45 AM Pattern dance 2 (Cha Cha)
7:00 PM Junior pairs Short program
8:55 PM Junior ladies
January 1 9:30 AM Intermediate dance Pattern dance 1 (Tango)
10:45 AM Pattern dance 2 (Fourteenstep)
12:10 PM Junior men Short program
2:15 PM Juvenile dance Free dance
4:05 PM Novice dance Pattern dance 1 (Argentine tango)
5:20 PM Pattern dance 2 (Quickstep)
6:45 PM Novice pairs Short program
January 2 8:50 AM Novice ladies Short program
10:30 AM Novice men
12:10 PM Intermediate dance Free dance
12:30 PM Junior pairs Free skate
3:30 PM Novice pairs
6:15 PM Novice dance Free dance
7:50 PM Junior ladies Free skate
January 3 8:15 AM Novice ladies Free skate
10:15 AM Junior men
1:00 PM Junior dance Short dance
3:15 PM Novice men Free skate
6:35 PM Senior ladies Short program
January 4 9:50 AM Junior dance Free dance
1:00 PM Senior pairs Short program
5:40 PM Senior men
January 5 1:10 PM Senior dance Short dance
3:45 PM Senior ladies Free skate
January 6 11:45 AM Senior pairs Free skate
3:45 PM Senior men
January 7 12:30 PM Senior dance Free dance
Medal summary[edit]
Senior[edit]
Discipline
Gold Silver Bronze Pewter
Men Nathan Chen Ross Miner Vincent Zhou Adam Rippon
Ladies Bradie Tennell Mirai Nagasu Karen Chen Ashley Wagner
Pairs Alexa Scimeca Knierim / Chris Knierim Tarah Kayne / Danny O'Shea Deanna Stellato / Nathan Bartholomay Ashley Cain / Timothy LeDuc
Ice dancing Madison Hubbell / Zachary Donohue Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani Madison Chock / Evan Bates Kaitlin Hawayek / Jean-Luc Baker
Junior[edit]
Discipline
Gold Silver Bronze Pewter
Men Camden Pulkinen Dinh Tran Maxim Naumov Ryan Dunk
Ladies Alysa Liu Pooja Kalyan Ting Cui Hanna Harrell
Pairs Audrey Lu / Misha Mitrofanov Sarah Feng / TJ Nyman Laiken Lockley / Keenan Prochnow Nadine Wang / Spencer Howe
Ice dancing Christina Carreira / Anthony Ponomarenko Caroline Green / Gordon Green Chloe Lewis / Logan Bye Eliana Gropman / Ian Somerville
Novice[edit]
Discipline
Gold Silver Bronze Pewter
Men Goku Endo Max Lake Nicholas Hsieh Lucas Altieri
Ladies Beverly Zhu Emilea Zingas Violeta Ushakova Calista Choi
Pairs Jade Hom / Franz-Peter Jerosch Joanna Hubbart / William Hubbart Masha Mokhova / Ivan Mokhov Ellie McClellan / Jim Garbutt
Ice dancing Katarina Wolfkostin / Howard Zhao Gianna Buckley / Jeffrey Chen Caroline Liu / Kenan Slevira Elizabeth Tkachenko / Alexei Kiliakov
Intermediate[edit]
Discipline
Gold Silver Bronze Pewter
Men Maxim Zharkov Matthew Nielsen Liam Kapeikis William Annis
Ladies Indi Cha Alyssa Chan Arianna Concepcion Alena Budko
Pairs Zoe Larson / Nick Hubbart Cate Fleming / Jedidiah Isbell Katie Luong / Nathan Luong Sydney Flaum / Cayden McKenzie-Cook
Ice dancing Elliana Peal / Ethan Peal Claire Cain / Andrei Davydov Anna Gissibl / Alexander Colucci Nastia Efimova / Jonathan Zhao
Juvenile[edit]
Discipline
Gold Silver Bronze Pewter
Men Keita Horiko Jacob Sanchez Nhat-Viet Nguyen Andriy Kratyuk
Ladies Isabeau Levito Clara Kim Macie Rolf Madeleine Park
Pairs Natasha Mishkutionok / Daniel Tioumentsev Nadia Wang / Jaden Schwab Dalila DeLaura / Ryan Xie Megan Voigt / Levon Davis
Ice dancing Jenna Hauer / Benjamin Starr Zoe Sensenbrenner / Matthew Sperry Kristina Bland / Gabriel Francis Emma L'Esperance / Mika Amdour
Senior results[edit]
Senior men[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Nathan Chen Salt Lake Figure Skating 315.23 1 104.45 1 210.78
2 Ross Miner SC of Boston 274.51 6 88.91 2 185.60
3 Vincent Zhou SC of San Francisco 273.83 5 89.02 3 184.81
4 Adam Rippon SC of New York 268.34 2 96.52 4 171.82
5
Grant Hochstein SC of New York 255.31 4 92.18 5 163.13
6
Jason Brown Skokie Valley SC 253.68 3 93.23 6 160.45
7
Timothy Dolensky Atlanta FSC 236.33 7 85.06 9 151.27
8
Alexander Johnson Braemar-City of Lakes FSC 232.62 10 79.60 8 153.02
9
Max Aaron Broadmoor SC 224.20 12 74.95 10 149.25
10
Alexei Krasnozhon Stars FSC of Texas 223.58 8 82.58 13 141.00
11
Jimmy Ma SC of New York 222.41 11 75.28 11 147.13
12
Tomoki Hiwatashi DuPage FSC 217.53 15 63.48 7 154.05
13
Andrew Torgashev Panthers FSC 217.01 9 81.32 14 135.69
14
Sean Rabbitt Glacier Falls FSC 214.53 13 73.29 12 141.24
15
Jordan Moeller Northern Ice SC 180.21 20 55.35 15 124.86
16
Ben Jalovick Centennial 7k SC 178.33 19 56.12 16 122.21
17
Daniel Kulenkamp FSC of Southern California 177.95 18 60.15 17 117.80
18
Emmanuel Savary University of Delaware FSC 177.13 14 64.65 18 112.48
19
Sebastien Payannet Los Angeles FSC 172.89 16 61.29 20 111.60
20
Scott Dyer All Year FSC 172.04 17 60.17 19 111.87
21
Kevin Shum SC of Boston 163.33 21 52.04 21 111.29
Senior ladies[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Bradie Tennell Skokie Valley SC 219.51 1 73.79 1 145.72
2 Mirai Nagasu Pasadena FSC 213.84 2 73.09 2 140.75
3 Karen Chen Peninsula SC 198.59 3 69.48 4 129.11
4 Ashley Wagner SC of Wilmington 196.19 5 65.94 3 130.25
5
Mariah Bell Rocky Mountain FSC 192.34 6 65.18 6 127.16
6
Starr Andrews Los Angeles FSC 189.91 8 62.55 5 127.36
7
Angela Wang Salt Lake Figure Skating 188.01 4 67.00 7 121.01
8
Amber Glenn Dallas FSC 168.06 9 61.62 9 106.44
9
Courtney Hicks All Year FSC 165.48 11 57.81 8 107.67
10
Tessa Hong Los Angeles FSC 156.86 13 55.82 11 101.04
11
Caroline Zhang All Year FSC 156.38 10 60.29 14 96.09
12
Franchesca Chiera Panthers FSC 150.99 14 53.85 13 97.14
13
Hannah Miller Lansing SC 149.14 12 57.57 16 91.57
14
Kaitlyn Nguyen Los Angeles FSC 146.20 17 46.30 12 99.90
15
Brynne McIsaac Broadmoor SC 145.54 20 43.97 10 101.57
16
Emmy Ma SC of Boston 138.02 18 45.55 15 92.47
17
Megan Wessenberg SC of Boston 131.73 22 40.90 17 90.83
18
Katie McBeath Westminster FSC of Erie 124.64 15 48.53 18 76.11
19
Vivian Le Los Angeles FSC 122.60 16 46.65 19 75.95
20
Emily Chan Dallas FSC 104.43 19 44.79 20 59.64
21 !WD
Polina Edmunds Peninsula SC 63.78 7 63.78 withdrew from competition
22 !WD
Ashley Lin Dallas FSC 42.33 21 42.33 withdrew from competition
Senior pairs[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Alexa Scimeca Knierim / Chris Knierim DuPage FSC / Broadmoor SC 206.60 1 71.10 1 135.50
2 Tarah Kayne / Danny O'Shea Southwest Florida FSC / Southwest Florida FSC 200.80 2 68.93 2 131.87
3 Deanna Stellato / Nathan Bartholomay Southwest Florida FSC / Southwest Florida FSC 197.65 3 67.84 3 129.81
4 Ashley Cain / Timothy LeDuc SC of New York / Los Angeles FSC 187.14 8 60.03 4 127.11
5
Haven Denney / Brandon Frazier SC of New York / All Year FSC 186.32 4 63.63 5 122.69
6
Marissa Castelli / Mervin Tran SC of Boston / SC of Boston 182.38 6 60.75 6 121.63
7
Chelsea Liu / Brian Johnson Orange County FSC / Detroit SC 167.47 5 62.35 9 105.12
8
Jessica Pfund / Joshua Santillan Southwest Florida FSC / All Year FSC 163.62 7 60.52 10 103.10
9
Jessica Calalang / Zack Sidhu DuPage FSC / Las Vegas FSC 162.23 12 50.43 7 111.80
10
Erika Smith / AJ Reiss SC of New York / Los Angeles FSC 159.03 11 50.95 8 108.08
11
Nica Digerness / Danny Neudecker Broadmoor SC / Seattle SC 154.10 9 53.78 11 100.32
12
Winter Deardorff / Max Settlage Northern Kentucky SC / Broadmoor SC 145.66 10 51.15 13 94.51
13
Caitlin Fields / Ernie Utah Stevens Indiana World Sk Acad FSC / Indiana World Sk Acad FSC 142.12 13 45.49 12 96.63
14
Alexandria Yao / Jacob Simon Peninsula SC / Skokie Valley SC 128.12 15 40.97 14 87.15
15
Allison Timlen / Justin Highgate-Brutman Columbia FSC (MD) / St. Clair Shores FSC 126.05 14 41.70 15 84.35
Senior ice dance[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SD
FD
1 Madison Hubbell / Zachary Donohue Lansing SC / Lansing SC 197.12 2 79.10 2 118.02
2 Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani SC of New York / SC of New York 196.93 1 82.33 3 114.60
3 Madison Chock / Evan Bates All Year FSC / Ann Arbor FSC 196.60 3 77.61 1 118.99
4 Kaitlin Hawayek / Jean-Luc Baker Detroit SC / Seattle SC 187.61 4 73.18 4 114.43
5
Rachel Parsons / Michael Parsons Washington FSC / Washington FSC 176.07 5 72.69 6 103.38
6
Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter Peninsula SC / Washington FSC 175.19 6 69.16 5 106.03
7
Elliana Pogrebinsky / Alex Benoit Peninsula SC / Skokie Valley SC 167.98 7 66.41 7 101.57
8
Alexandra Aldridge / Daniel Eaton Detroit SC / Ann Arbor FSC 153.93 8 61.21 8 92.72
9
Karina Manta / Joseph Johnson Coyotes SC of Arizona / Broadmoor SC 151.00 9 58.29 9 92.71
10
Julia Biechler / Damian Dodge SC of Wilmington / IceWorks SC 136.37 10 54.53 10 81.84
11
Elicia Reynolds / Stephen Reynolds Ice Line FSC / Ice Line FSC 110.92 11 40.92 11 70.00
12
Cassidy Klopstock / Jacob Schedl Centennial 7k SC / University of Delaware FSC 89.28 12 37.16 12 52.12
13
Ashley Bain / Oleg Altukhov North Jersey FSC / North County FSC 79.42 13 31.17 13 48.25
Junior results[edit]
Junior men[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Camden Pulkinen Broadmoor SC 219.29 1 67.88 1 151.41
2 Dinh Tran SC of San Francisco 199.95 2 67.28 2 132.67
3 Maxim Naumov SC of Boston 179.00 3 64.07 4 114.93
4 Ryan Dunk Baltimore FSC 172.68 10 53.43 3 119.25
5
Tony Lu North Jersey FSC 166.57 4 62.43 7 104.14
6
Alex Wellman Broadmoor SC 160.69 8 56.23 6 104.46
7
Paul Yeung All Year FSC 158.71 11 53.30 5 105.41
8
Sasha Lunin Fort Wayne ISC 148.67 9 54.86 8 93.81
9
Peter Liu SC of Wilmington 143.63 5 58.33 11 85.30
10
Patrick Frohling All Year FSC 138.43 12 52.22 10 86.21
11
Kendrick Weston Salt Lake Figure Skating 136.83 6 58.10 12 78.73
12
Justin Wichmann Dallas FSC 135.95 13 48.05 9 87.90
13
Luke Ferrante SC of Huntsville 129.58 7 56.48 13 73.10
Junior ladies[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Alysa Liu St. Moritz ISC 184.16 1 63.83 1 120.33
2 Pooja Kalyan Ozark FSC 166.53 4 54.55 3 111.98
3 Ting Cui Baltimore FSC 165.51 11 45.55 2 119.96
4 Hanna Harell Dallas FSC 154.36 5 52.10 4 102.26
5
Emily Zhang Richmond FSC 149.83 2 56.97 8 92.86
6
Gabriella Izzo SC of Boston 148.04 3 55.19 7 93.05
7
Angelina Huang St. Peters FSA 143.84 6 51.27 9 92.57
8
Akari Nakahara All Year FSC 143.41 7 49.12 6 94.29
9
Audrey Shin SC of New York 140.50 10 46.05 5 94.45
10
Emma Coppess All Year FSC 139.30 8 48.08 10 91.22
11
Lily Sun Peninsula SC 137.75 9 47.38 11 90.37
12
Jenna Shi Arctic FSC 114.50 12 44.20 12 70.30
Junior pairs[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Audrey Lu / Misha Mitrofanov Dallas FSC / Dallas FSC 173.31 1 60.80 1 112.51
2 Sarah Feng / TJ Nyman SC of San Francisco / Broadmoor SC 155.57 3 58.37 2 97.20
3 Laiken Lockley / Keenan Prochnow DuPage FSC / DuPage FSC 153.04 2 58.67 3 94.37
4 Nadine Wang / Spencer Howe SC of New York / Los Angeles FSC 135.96 5 46.58 4 89.38
5
Elli Kopmar / Jonah Barrett Southwest Florida FSC / Southwest Florida FSC 132.90 4 52.18 5 80.72
6
Ainsley Peterson / Griffin Schwab All Year FSC / SC of New York 124.21 6 45.86 6 78.35
7
Sarah Rose / Ian Meyh Southwest Florida FSC / Southwest Florida FSC 115.54 9 39.48 7 76.06
8
Evelyn Grace Hanns / Kristofer Ogren Broadmoor SC / Kansas City FSC 114.62 7 43.85 9 70.77
9
Meiryla Findley / Matthew Rounis Broadmoor SC / Los Angeles FSC 113.82 8 40.74 8 73.08
10
Eliana Secunda / Blake Eisenach Rocky Mountain FSC / Rocky Mountain FSC 100.74 10 37.14 10 63.60
11
Sapphire Jaeckel / Matthew Scoralle Los Angeles FSC / Los Angeles FSC 88.92 11 35.35 12 53.57
12
Cora DeWyre / Jacob Nussle Ice House Skating Academy / Ice House Skating Academy 85.44 12 27.56 11 57.88
13
Juliette Erickson / Nathan Grundhofer SC of Boston / St. Moritz ISC 64.86 13 24.67 13 40.19
Junior ice dance[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SD
FD
1 Christina Carreira / Anthony Ponomarenko SC of New York / SC of San Francisco 159.18 1 68.70 1 90.48
2 Caroline Green / Gordon Green Pavilion SC of Cleveland Heights / Washington FSC 146.72 2 63.14 2 83.58
3 Chloe Lewis / Logan Bye All Year FSC / SC of New York 143.21 3 62.14 3 81.07
4 Eliana Gropman / Ian Somerville Pavilion SC of Cleveland Heights / Washington FSC 138.90 4 61.13 5 77.77
5
Avonley Nguyen / Vadym Kolesnik Washington FSC / SC of Novi 134.31 7 54.02 4 80.29
6
Emma Gunter / Caleb Wein Washington FSC / Washington FSC 132.89 5 56.31 6 76.58
7
Jocelyn Haines / James Koszuta Buffalo SC / Glacier Falls FSC 126.59 6 55.69 7 70.90
8
Alina Efimova / Alexander Petrov Peninsula SC / Hershey FSC 120.92 8 52.06 8 68.86
9
Katarina DelCamp / Maxwell Gart Dallas FSC / All Year FSC 116.65 9 50.26 10 66.39
10
Isabelle Amoia / Luca Becker SC of Novi / Washington FSC 116.08 10 49.50 9 66.58
11
Sophia Elder / Christopher Elder Louisville Skating Academy / Louisville Skating Academy 111.02 11 49.14 12 61.88
12
Molly Cesanek / Nikolay Usanov SC of Novi / SC of San Francisco 106.60 13 44.04 11 62.56
13
Allie Rose / JT Michel Philadelphia SC & HS / Louisville Skating Academy 103.55 12 45.11 13 58.44
Novice results[edit]
Novice men[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Goku Endo Los Angeles FSC 156.14 2 54.11 2 102.03
2 Max Lake All Year FSC 155.77 3 52.66 1 103.11
3 Nicholas Hsieh SC of Wilmington 151.64 1 56.75 6 94.89
4 Lucas Altieri Panthers FSC 144.63 4 48.65 4 95.98
5
Chase Finster Northern Kentucky SC 142.44 9 41.40 3 101.04
6
Nathan Chapple Shaker FSC 140.60 7 44.74 5 95.86
7
Jordan Evans University of Delaware FSC 136.74 5 45.39 8 91.35
8
Jonathan Yang St. Paul FSC 136.50 6 44.85 7 91.65
9
Henry Privett-Mendoza Pasadena FSC 119.08 8 42.88 10 76.20
10
Daniel Argueta Texas Gulf Coast FSC 116.83 12 36.04 9 80.79
11
Joshua Simkin FSC of Southern California 112.09 11 36.75 11 75.34
12
Eric Prober Pines FSC 105.14 10 40.21 12 64.93
Novice ladies[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Beverly Zhu All Year FSC 167.69 1 54.91 1 112.78
2 Emilea Zingas St. Clair Shores FSC 132.68 6 43.43 3 89.25
3 Violeta Ushakova SC of New York 131.52 3 46.76 5 84.76
4 Calista Choi Skokie Valley SC 131.20 10 40.90 2 90.30
5
Noelle Rosa Salt Lake Figure Skating 130.86 5 44.22 4 86.64
6
Sophia Chouinard Panthers FSC 125.99 8 42.03 6 83.96
7
Christina Lin Murray Silver Blades FSC 125.58 2 48.29 8 77.29
8
Sarah Jung Columbia FSC (MD) 123.08 9 41.68 7 81.40
9
Jessica Lin Dallas FSC 118.50 7 42.50 10 76.00
10
Ariela Masarsky DuPage FSC 117.79 4 45.75 11 72.04
11
Maddie Weiler SC of Boston 117.56 11 40.71 9 76.85
12 !WD
Amie Miyagi Salt Lake Figure Skating 33.45 12 33.45 withdrew from competition
Novice pairs[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
SP
FS
1 Jade Hom / Franz-Peter Jerosch Colonial FSC / North Atlantic FSC 126.99 1 46.67 1 80.32
2 Joanna Hubbart / William Hubbart Champions' Edge SC / Champions' Edge SC 118.31 7 40.31 2 78.00
3 Masha Mokhova / Ivan Mokhov Lansing SC / Lansing SC 116.64 2 43.70 5 72.94
4 Ellie McClellan / Jim Garbutt Champions' Edge SC / Champions' Edge SC 113.84 8 40.04 4 73.80
5
Hilary Asher / Nathaniel Dennler Lone Star FSC / Colonial FSC 112.84 4 41.19 6 71.65
6
Ashley Haywood / Alec Schmitt Lakewood Winter Club / Bremerton FSC 110.74 10 36.57 3 74.17
7
Jasmine Fendi / Joshua Fendi Los Angeles FSC / Los Angeles FSC 110.03 3 41.30 7 68.73
8
Isabelle Goldstein / Keyton Bearinger Detroit SC / Detroit SC 106.90 5 40.51 9 66.39
9
Georgia Bush / Timmy Chapman Central Florida FSC / Central Florida FSC 106.36 9 38.85 8 67.51
10
Sarah Burden / Jake Pagano Broadmoor SC / Nashville FSC 106.17 6 40.41 10 65.76
11
Isabelle Martins / Ryan Bedard Chicago FSC / Northern Ice SC 94.75 11 35.33 11 59.42
12
Paige Ruggeri / Christopher Aaron Garden State SC / Hudson Valley FSC 86.76 12 30.82 12 55.94
13
Milena Markin / Matthew Essigmann Los Angeles FSC / Ithaca Area FSA 69.55 13 24.42 13 45.13
Novice ice dance[edit]
Rank
Name
Club
Total
PD1
PD2
FD
1 Katarina Wolfkostin / Howard Zhao Peninsula SC / Detroit SC 122.41 2 24.16 2 24.71 1 73.54
2 Gianna Buckley / Jeffrey Chen Seattle SC / Peninsula SC 116.77 1 26.50 1 25.64 2 64.63
3 Caroline Liu / Kenan Slevira Hickory Hill FSC / All Year FSC 115.56 4 23.42 3 24.65 2 67.49
4 Elizabeth Tkachenko / Alexei Kiliakov Washington FSC / Washington FSC 112.95 3 24.12 4 23.98 4 64.85
5
Oona Brown / Gage Brown SC of New York / SC of New York 106.48 6 22.50 10 18.43 3 65.55
6
Isabel Blahunka / Will Shawver Louisville Skating Academy / Louisville Skating Academy 99.68 5 22.52 6 20.27 8 56.89
7
Maxine Weatherby / Dmitry Bogomol Los Angeles FSC / Pines FSC 99.11 9 20.55 8 19.58 6 58.98
8
Cordelia Pride / Benjamin Lawless All Year FSC / Philadelphia SC & HS 96.43 8 21.09 5 21.67 10 53.67
9
Anna Pettersson / TJ Carey Colonial FSC / SC of Boston 94.40 10 19.92 7 20.25 9 54.23
10
Jordan Lin / Morgan Sletten Washington FSC / Washington FSC 93.68 12 17.56 9 19.20 7 56.92
11
Paulina Brykalova / Daniel Brykalov St. Paul FSC / St. Paul FSC 90.16 7 21.93 12 16.37 11 51.86
12
Isabella Flores / Mikhail Gumba Broadmoor SC / Broadmoor SC 86.84 11 19.42 11 16.93 12 50.49
International team selections[edit]
Winter Olympics[edit]
U.S. Figure Skating began announcing the team for the 2018 Winter Olympics on January 6, 2018.
Men[17]
Ladies[18]
Pairs[19]
Ice dancing[20]
Nathan Chen Karen Chen Alexa Scimeca Knierim / Chris Knierim Madison Chock / Evan Bates
Adam Rippon Mirai Nagasu Madison Hubbell / Zachary Donohue
Vincent Zhou Bradie Tennell Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani
1st alt.
Jason Brown Ashley Wagner Tarah Kayne / Danny O'Shea Kaitlin Hawayek / Jean-Luc Baker
2nd alt.
Ross Miner Mariah Bell Deanna Stellato / Nathan Bartholomay Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter
3rd alt.
Max Aaron Angela Wang Ashley Cain / Timothy LeDuc Rachel Parsons / Michael Parsons
The selections for the team event at the Olympics were as follows:
Men
Ladies
Pairs
Ice dancing
SP/SD
Nathan Chen Bradie Tennell Alexa Scimeca Knierim / Chris Knierim Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani
FS/ FD
Adam Rippon Mirai Nagasu
World Championships[edit]
U.S. Figure Skating began announcing the team for the 2018 World Championships on January 6, 2018.
Men[21]
Ladies[22]
Pairs[23]
Ice dancing[24]
Nathan Chen Karen Chen Tarah Kayne / Danny O'Shea Madison Chock / Evan Bates
Adam Rippon Mirai Nagasu Alexa Scimeca Knierim / Chris Knierim Madison Hubbell / Zachary Donohue
Vincent Zhou Bradie Tennell Maia Shibutani / Alex Shibutani
1st alt.
Jason Brown Ashley Wagner Deanna Stellato / Nathan Bartholomay Kaitlin Hawayek / Jean-Luc Baker
2nd alt.
Ross Miner Mariah Bell Ashley Cain / Timothy LeDuc Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter
3rd alt.
Max Aaron Angela Wang Haven Denney / Brandon Frazier Rachel Parsons / Michael Parsons
Four Continents[edit]
U.S. Figure Skating began announcing the team for the 2018 Four Continents Championships on January 6, 2018.
Men[21]
Ladies[22]
Pairs[23]
Ice dancing[24]
Max Aaron Starr Andrews Ashley Cain / Timothy LeDuc Kaitlin Hawayek / Jean-Luc Baker
Jason Brown Mariah Bell Tarah Kayne / Danny O'Shea Lorraine McNamara / Quinn Carpenter
Ross Miner (withdrew) Ashley Wagner (withdrew) Deanna Stellato / Nathan Bartholomay Rachel Parsons / Michael Parsons
1st alt.
Grant Hochstein (called up) Angela Wang (called up) Haven Denney / Brandon Frazier Elliana Pogrebinsky / Alex Benoit
2nd alt.
Timothy Dolensky Amber Glenn Marissa Castelli / Mervin Tran Karina Manta / Joseph Johnson
3rd alt.
Alexander Johnson Courtney Hicks Chelsea Liu / Brian Johnson Julia Biechler / Damian Dodge
World Junior Championships[edit]
U.S. Figure Skating began announcing the team for the 2018 World Junior Championships on January 6, 2018.
Men[21]
Ladies[22]
Pairs[23]
Ice dancing[24]
Tomoki Hiwatashi Starr Andrews (withdrew) Audrey Lu / Misha Mitrofanov Christina Carreira / Anthony Ponomarenko
Alexei Krasnozhon Ting Cui Sarah Feng / TJ Nyman Caroline Green / Gordon Green
Camden Pulkinen Chloe Lewis / Logan Bye
Alt.
Maxim Naumov Hanna Harrell Laiken Lockley / Keenan Prochnow Eliana Gropman / Ian Somerville
Alt.
Andrew Torgashev Tessa Hong Nadine Wang / Spencer Howe Avonley Nguyen / Vadym Kolesnik
Alt.
Dinh Tran Emmy Ma (called up) Elli Kopmar / Jonah Barrett Emma Gunter / Caleb Wein
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "San Jose Selected To Host 2018 Prudential U.S. Figure Skating Championships". usfsa.org. 29 August 2016.
Jump up ^ "2018 North Atlantic Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Upper Great Lakes Regional Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Northwest Pacific Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 South Atlantic Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Southwestern Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Southwest Pacific Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 New England Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Eastern Great Lakes Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Central Pacific Regional FS Championships". U.S. Figure Skating. October 2017.
Jump up ^ "2018 Eastern Sectional Figure Skating Championships". U.S. Figure Skating.
Jump up ^ "2018 Midwestern Sectional Figure Skating Championships". U.S. Figure Skating.
Jump up ^ "2018 Pacific Coast Sectional Figure Skating Championships". U.S. Figure Skating.
^ Jump up to: a b "2018 Prudential U.S. Figure Skating Championships". U.S. Figure Skating.
Jump up ^ "Qualifiers" (PDF). U.S. Figure Skating. December 21, 2017. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Schedule". sapcenter.com. Archived from the original on December 29, 2017.
"Schedule, PDF" (PDF). sapcenter.com. Archived (PDF) from the original on December 26, 2017.
Jump up ^ "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Men's Nominations for 2018 U.S. Olympic Figure Skating Team". U.S. Figure Skating. January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on January 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Ladies Nominations for 2018 U.S. Olympic Figure Skating Team". U.S. Figure Skating. January 6, 2018. Archived from the original on January 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Pairs Nomination for 2018 U.S. Olympic Figure Skating Team". U.S. Figure Skating. January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on January 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Ice Dance Nominations for 2018 U.S. Olympic Figure Skating Team". U.S. Figure Skating. January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on January 8, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Men's Selections for World, Four Continents and World Junior Teams". U.S. Figure Skating. January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on January 7, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Ladies Selections for World, Four Continents and World Junior Teams". U.S. Figure Skating. January 6, 2018. Archived from the original on January 6, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Pairs Selections for World, Four Continents and World Junior Teams". U.S. Figure Skating. January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on January 7, 2018.
^ Jump up to: a b c "U.S. Figure Skating Announces Ice Dance Selections for World, Four Continents and World Junior Teams". U.S. Figure Skating. January 7, 2018. Archived from the original on January 8, 2018.
External links[edit]
Official website
Results at U.S. Figure Skating
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