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List of Presidents of India
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Rajendra Prasad
First President of India
The President of India is the head of state of India and the commander-in-chief of the Indian Armed Forces. The President is referred to as the first citizen of India.[1][2] Although vested with these powers by the Constitution of India, the position is largely a ceremonial one and executive powers are de facto exercised by the Prime Minister.[3]
The President is elected by the Electoral College composed of elected members of the parliament houses, the Lok Sabha and the Rajya Sabha, and also members of the Vidhan Sabha, the state legislative assemblies.[2] Presidents may remain in office for a tenure of five years, as stated by article 56, part V, of the Constitution of India. In the case where a President's term of office is terminated early or during the absence of the President, the Vice President assumes office. By article 70 of part V, the parliament may decide how to discharge the functions of the President where this is not possible, or in any other unexpected contingency.[2]
Representation of Presidents by party of candidacy
Independent (29.6%)
Indian National Congress (41.2%)
Bharatiya Janata Party (5.8%)
Janata Party (5.8%)
Acting (17.6%)
There have been 14 Presidents of India since the post was established when India was declared as a republic with the adoption of the Indian constitution in 1950.[4] Apart from these fourteen, three Acting Presidents have also been in office for short periods of time. Varahagiri Venkata Giri became the Acting President in 1969 after Zakir Husain, died in office. Giri was elected President a few months later. He remains the only person to have held office both as a President and Acting President.[5] Rajendra Prasad, the first President of India, is the only person to have held office for two terms.[6]
Presidents by state of birth[7]
Seven Presidents have been members of a political party before being elected. Six of these were active party members of the Indian National Congress. The Janata Party has had one member, Neelam Sanjiva Reddy, who later became President. Two Presidents, Zakir Husain and Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed, have died in office. Their Vice-Presidents served as Acting Presidents until a new President was elected. Following Zakir Husain's death, two acting Presidents held office until the new President, V. V. Giri, was elected. When Giri resigned to take part in the presidential elections, he was succeeded by Mohammad Hidayatullah as acting President.[8] The 12th President, Pratibha Patil, is the first woman to serve as President of India, elected in 2007.[9]
On 25 July 2017, Ram Nath Kovind took office as the 14th President of India.[10][11]
Contents
[hide]
1 Presidents
2 See also
3 References
3.1 General
3.2 Specific
4 External links
Presidents
This list is numbered based on Presidents elected after winning an Indian Presidential election. The terms of Varahagiri Venkata Giri, Mohammad Hidayatullah, and Basappa Danappa Jatti, who served as Acting President, are therefore not numbered or counted as actual terms in office. The President of India does not represent any political party. The colours used in the table indicate the following:
Colour key
Acting President of India
President was an Independent candidate
President was an candidate of Indian National Congress (INC)
President was an candidate of the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP)
President was an candidate of the Janata Party (JP)
№
Name
(birth–death)
Photograph
Elected
Took office
Left office
Term
(in months)
Vice President
Candidate of[12]
Notes
1
Rajendra Prasad
(1884–1963) 1952
1957 26 January 1950 12 May 1962 120 Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan Indian National Congress Prasad, from Bihar, was the first President of independent India and also the longest-serving President, as the only president to serve two terms in office.[6][13][14] He was also a freedom fighter during the Indian independence movement.[15]
2
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
(1888–1975) 1962 13 May 1962 13 May 1967 60 Zakir Husain Independent Radhakrishnan was a prominent philosopher and writer and also held the position of vice-chancellor of the Andhra University and Banaras Hindu University.[16] He received the Bharat Ratna award in 1954 before becoming the President.[17] He was the first President from South India.[18]
3
Zakir Husain
(1897–1969)
–
1967 13 May 1967 3 May 1969 24 Varahagiri Venkata Giri Independent Husain was vice-chancellor of the Aligarh Muslim University and a recipient of Padma Vibhushan and Bharat Ratna.[19] He died in office, the first to do so. He was also the shortest-serving President. He was also the first Muslim President.[20]
–
Varahagiri Venkata Giri*
(1894–1980)
–
– 3 May 1969 20 July 1969 3 – – He was elected Vice President of India in 1967. Following the death of President Zakir Husain, Giri was appointed as Acting President.[21] He resigned after a few months to take part in the presidential elections.[8]
–
Mohammad Hidayatullah*
(1905–1992)
–
– 20 July 1969 24 August 1969 1 – – Hidayatullah served as the Chief Justice of India and was also a recipient of the Order of the British Empire.[22] He served as Acting President until the election of Giri as the President of India.[23]
4
Varahagiri Venkata Giri
(1894–1980)
–
1969 24 August 1969 24 August 1974 60 Gopal Swarup Pathak Independent Giri was the first person to have served as both an acting president and president of India. He was a recipient of the Bharat Ratna, and served as Indian Minister of Labour and High Commissioner to Ceylon (Sri Lanka).[24]
5
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
(1905–1977) 1974 24 August 1974 11 February 1977 36 Gopal Swarup Pathak (1974)
Basappa Danappa Jatti (1974–1977)
Indian National Congress Ahmed served as a Minister before being elected as president. He died in 1977 before his term of office ended, and was the second Indian president to die in office.[25] He was also president during Emergency.[26]
–
Basappa Danappa Jatti*
(1912–2002)
–
– 11 February 1977 25 July 1977 6 – – Jatti was the vice president of India during Ahmed's term of office, and was sworn in as Acting President upon Ahmed's death. He earlier served as the Chief Minister for the State of Mysore State.[25][27]
6
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
(1913–1996) 1977 25 July 1977 25 July 1982 60 Basappa Danappa Jatti (1977–1979)
Mohammad Hidayatullah (1979–1982)
Janata Party Reddy was the first Chief Minister of Andhra Pradesh. Reddy was the only Member of Parliament from the Janata Party to get elected from Andhra Pradesh.[28] He was unanimously elected Speaker of the Lok Sabha on 26 March 1977 and relinquished this office on 13 July 1977 to become the 6th President of India.[23]
7
Zail Singh
(1916–1994) 1982 25 July 1982 25 July 1987 60 Mohammad Hidayatullah (1982–1984)
Ramaswamy Venkataraman (1984–1987)
Indian National Congress In March 1972, Singh assumed the position of Chief Minister of Punjab, and in 1980, he became Union Home Minister. He was also secretary general to Non-Aligned Movement (NAM) from 1983 to 1986[29]
8
Ramaswamy Venkataraman
(1910–2009) 1987 25 July 1987 25 July 1992 60 Shankar Dayal Sharma Indian National Congress In 1942, Venkataraman was jailed by the British for his involvement in the Indian independence movement.[30] After his release, he was elected to independent India’s Provisional Parliament as a member of the Congress Party in 1950 and eventually joined the central government, where he first served as Minister of Finance and Industry and later as Minister of Defence.[31]
9
Shankar Dayal Sharma
(1918–1999) 1992 25 July 1992 25 July 1997 60 Kocheril Raman Narayanan Indian National Congress Sharma was Chief Minister of Madhya Pradesh, and the Indian Minister for Communications. He also served as the Governor of Andhra Pradesh, Punjab and Maharashtra.[32]
10
Kocheril Raman Narayanan
(1920–2005) 1997 25 July 1997 25 July 2002 60 Krishan Kant Independent Narayanan served as India's ambassador to Thailand, Turkey, China and United States of America. He received doctorates in Science and Law and was also a chancellor in several universities.[33] He was also the vice-chancellor of Jawaharlal Nehru University.[34] He was the first Dalit President.[35]
11
Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam
(1931–2015) 2002 25 July 2002 25 July 2007 60 Krishan Kant (2002)
Bhairon Singh Shekhawat (2002–2007)
Independent Kalam was an educator and engineer who played a leading role in the development of India's ballistic missile and nuclear weapons programs.[36] He also received the Bharat Ratna. Kalam died following a heart attack while delivering a speech in Shillong.[37][38][39]
12
Pratibha Patil
(1934–) 2007 25 July 2007 25 July 2012 60 Mohammad Hamid Ansari Indian National Congress Patil was the first woman to become the President of India. She was also the first female governor of Rajasthan.[40][41]
13
Pranab Mukherjee
(1935–) 2012 25 July 2012 25 July 2017 60 Mohammad Hamid Ansari Indian National Congress Mukherjee held various posts in the cabinet ministry for the Government of India such as Finance Minister, Foreign Minister, Defence Minister and Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission.[42]
14
Ram Nath Kovind
(1945–) 2017 25 July 2017 Incumbent
–
Venkaiah Naidu Bharatiya Janata Party Kovind was governor of Bihar from 2015 to 2017 and a Member of Parliament from 1994 to 2006. He is the second Dalit president (after K. R. Narayanan) and is the first President from the Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP) and is an active member of Rashtriya Swayamsevak Sangh (RSS) since his youth.[43]
Other Symbols
-Died in office
-Did not complete assigned term
*-Acting President
Timeline
See also
President of India
Vice-President of India
List of Vice-Presidents of India
List of Prime Ministers of India
References
General
"Former Presidents". President’s Secretariat. Retrieved 29 November 2008.
"List of Presidents/Vice Presidents". Election Commission of India. Retrieved 29 November 2008.
Specific
Jump up ^ "President Ram Nath Kovind is Indias first citizen. Your chances begin only at Number 27". indiatoday.com. Times of India. Archived from the original on 30 July 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "The Constitution of India". Ministry of Law and Justice of India. Archived from the original (.doc) on 5 February 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
Jump up ^ "India gets first woman president since independence". BBC News. 25 July 2007. Archived from the original on 15 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "1950: India becomes a republic". BBC News. 26 January 1950. Archived from the original on 17 January 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
Jump up ^ "NDA vs Oppn: India might to witness tightest presidential poll since 1969". Hindustan Times. 26 April 2017. Archived from the original on 29 July 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Harish Khare (6 December 2006). "Selecting the next Rashtrapati". The Hindu. India. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Infographic: Which states India's Presidents have hailed from – Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 4 December 2017. Retrieved 18 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Shekhar Iyer (25 June 2007). "Shekhawat will not resign to contest poll". Hindustan Times. India. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
Jump up ^ "First female president for India". BBC News. 21 July 2007. Archived from the original on 1 February 2009. Retrieved 4 December 2008.
Jump up ^ Hebbar, Nistula (20 July 2017). "Ram Nath Kovind enters Rashtrapati Bhavan with big win". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 20 July 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Desk, The Hindu Net (25 July 2017). "Ram Nath Kovind takes oath as President, Rajya Sabha discusses farmers' crisis – top stories for today". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X. Retrieved 20 December 2017.
Jump up ^ "List of Presidents of India since India became republic | My India". www.mapsofindia.com. Archived from the original on 28 August 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Rajendra Prasad". The Hindu. India. 7 May 1952. Archived from the original on 11 January 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Republic Day". Time. 6 February 1950. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Rajendra Prasad's birth anniversary celebrated". The Hindu. India. 10 December 2006. Archived from the original on 13 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ Ramachandra Guha (15 April 2006). "Why Amartya Sen should become the next president of India". The Telegraph. Archived from the original on 28 February 2007. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Dr S. Radhakrishnan". The Sunday Tribune. 30 January 2000. Archived from the original on 3 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Commemorative Volume on S.Radhakrishnan" (PDF). rajyasabha.nic.in. Rajya sabha. Archived (PDF) from the original on 20 October 2017. Retrieved 19 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Zakir Husain,". Vice President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 24 September 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "7 leaders who died while in office". India Today. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Shekhawat need not compare himself to Giri: Shashi Bhushan". The Hindu. India. 12 July 2007. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Hidayatullah, Shri M". Vice President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 28 July 2014. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Ramakrishnan, T. (24 July 2012). "The twice Acting-President". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 12 August 2016. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Jump up ^ "Giri, Shri Varahagiri Venkata". Vice President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b "Gallery of Indian Presidents". Press Information Bureau of the Government of India. Archived from the original on 10 December 2008. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ "Emergency: The Dark Age of Indian democracy". The Hindu. Archived from the original on 4 November 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2017.
Jump up ^ "Jatti, Shri Basappa Danappa". Vice President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 30 November 2008.
Jump up ^ Bhargava, G.S. "Making of the Prez – Congress chief selects PM as well as President". The Tribune. India. Archived from the original on 17 April 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
Jump up ^ Wolpert, Stanley A. (1999). India. University of California Press. p. 217. ISBN 978-0-520-22172-7. Retrieved 3 January 2009.
Jump up ^ Hazarika, Sanjoy (17 July 1987). "Man in the News; India's Mild New President: Ramaswamy Venkataraman". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
Jump up ^ "Venkataraman, Shri R". Vice President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
Jump up ^ Navtej Sarna (27 December 1999). "Former President Shankar Dayal Sharma passes away". Embassy of India, Washington D.C. Archived from the original on 8 August 2008. Retrieved 6 December 2008.
Jump up ^ "Narayanan, Shri K, R". Vice President's Secretariat. Archived from the original on 10 February 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2008.
Jump up ^ "The BJP's aim was to get rid of me". Confederation of Human Rights Organizations. Archived from the original on 12 October 2008. Retrieved 6 January 2009.
Jump up ^ "Can Ram Nath Kovind, second Dalit President, follow in the footsteps of first Dalit President K R Narayanan?". India Today. Archived from the original on 26 October 2017. Retrieved 26 October 2017.
Jump up ^ Ramana, M. V.; Reddy, C. Rammanohar (2002). Prisoners of the Nuclear Dream. New Delhi: Orient Longman. p. 169. ISBN 978-81-250-2477-4. Archived from the original on 21 September 2014.
Jump up ^ Tyagi, Kavita; Misra, Padma (23 May 2011). Basic Technical Communication. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. p. 124. ISBN 978-81-203-4238-5. Archived from the original on 3 January 2014. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
Jump up ^ "'Kalam was real people's President'". Hindustan Times. Indo-Asian News Service. 24 July 2007. Archived from the original on 11 May 2009. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Perappadan, Bindu Shajan (14 April 2007). "The people's President does it again". The Hindu. Chennai, India. Archived from the original on 25 January 2012. Retrieved 2 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Emily Wax (22 July 2007). "Female President Elected in India". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on 20 August 2011. Retrieved 2 December 2008.
Jump up ^ "Pratibha Patil is Rajasthan's first woman governor". Express India. 8 November 2008. Archived from the original on 14 January 2009. Retrieved 6 December 2008.
Jump up ^ "Archived version of bio data of Pranab Mukherjee in Lok Sabha". india.gov.in. Archived from the original on 14 May 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2017. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "PresidentofIndia". Presidents Secretariat. Government of India. Archived from the original on 9 September 2017. Retrieved 25 October 2017.
External links
Official website of the President of India
Rediff.com – Presidents of India
The Hindu – A presidential poll in the coalition age
Zee News: Former Presidents
[show]
v
t
e
Presidents of India (List)
Rajendra Prasad
Sarvepalli Radhakrishnan
Zakir Hussain
V. V. Giri (acting)
Mohammad Hidayatullah (acting)
V. V. Giri
Fakhruddin Ali Ahmed
B. D. Jatti (acting)
Neelam Sanjiva Reddy
Zail Singh
R. Venkataraman
Shankar Dayal Sharma
K. R. Narayanan
A. P. J. Abdul Kalam
Pratibha Patil
Pranab Mukherjee
Ram Nath Kovind
[show]
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t
e
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Wing and a Prayer Fife and Drum Corps
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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Wing and a Prayer Fife and Drum Corps
Genres
Disco, Pop
Years active
1975 - 1978
Labels
Wing And A Prayer
Atlantic
Past members
Harold Wheeler
Linda November
Vivian Cherry
Arlene Martell
and Helen Miles
Wing and a Prayer Fife and Drum Corps was an American disco group in existence from 1975 to 1978. The assemblage of studio musicians (which, contrary to its name, had no fife players) were put together by Harold Wheeler; the group's vocalists were Linda November, Vivian Cherry, Arlene Martell, and Helen Miles.
Their 1976 album, Babyface, hit #47 on the US pop album chart and #19 on the R&B Albums chart,[1] due to the success of the single, "Baby Face". It had previously reached #1 for Jan Garber in 1926 and Art Mooney in 1948.[2] The single went to #1 on the US Club Play chart, #6 AC, #32 US Billboard R&B Singles, and #14 on the Billboard Hot 100.[3] The single also reached #12 in the UK Singles Chart.[4]
Albums[edit]
1976, Babyface
1977, Babyface Strikes Back
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Billboard, Allmusic.com
Jump up ^ Joel Whitburn, The Billboard Book of Top 40 Hits. 7th edn, 2000
Jump up ^ Billboard Singles, Allmusic.com
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 607. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
External links[edit]
Wing and a Prayer Fife and Drum Corps discography at Discogs
Authority control
MusicBrainz: 84fe7d6f-927e-4c88-bff1-0f9d40daae08

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Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wing_and_a_Prayer_Fife_and_Drum_Corps&oldid=797957445"
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This page was last edited on 30 August 2017, at 04:58.
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