text:
Michelle Tanner
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Michelle Tanner
Full House character
Michelle with Comet
First appearance
September 22, 1987
(episode 1.01; "Our Very First Show!")
Last appearance
May 23, 1995
(episode 8.24; "Michelle Rides Again (Part 2)")
Created by
Jeff Franklin
Portrayed by
Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen
Information
Full name
Michelle Elizabeth Tanner
Nickname(s)
Munchkin, Shorty and Rugrat (by Jesse)
Gender
Female
Occupation
Fashion designer
Family
Danny Tanner (father)
Pam Tanner (mother; deceased)
Teri Tanner ( ex-stepmother)
D.J. Tanner-Fuller (sister)
Stephanie Tanner (sister)
Tommy Fuller, Sr. (brother-in-law, deceased)
Jackson Fuller (nephew)
Max Fuller (nephew)
Tommy Fuller, Jr. (nephew)
Relatives
John Tanner (paternal grandfather)
Claire Tanner (paternal grandmother)
Wendy Tanner (paternal-aunt)
Steve (paternal-cousin)
Iorgos Katsopolis (great-grandfather; deceased)
Gina Katsopolis (great-grandmother)
Nick Katsopolis (maternal grandfather)
Irene Katsopolis (maternal-grandmother)
Jesse Katsopolis (maternal-uncle)
Rebecca Katsopolis (maternal aunt)
Nicky Katsopolis (maternal cousin)
Alex Katsopolis (maternal cousin)
Pamela Katsopolis (adoptive cousin)
Michelle Elizabeth Tanner is a fictional character on the long-running ABC sitcom Full House, who was portrayed by Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen. She first appeared in the show's pilot, "Our Very First Show", which aired in 1987, and continued to appear throughout up to the two-part series finale, "Michelle Rides Again" in 1995. The character of Michelle was the Olsen twins' first acting role; the two were infants when they started working on the series.
Contents
[hide]
1 Character
1.1 Friendships
2 Comet the dog
3 Crediting
4 Reception
5 Book series
6 Fuller House
7 References
8 External links
Character[edit]
Michelle Tanner is the youngest member of the Tanner family, and is notable in the series for saying a string of precocious catchphrases such as "you got it dude", "you're in big trouble, mister", "no way, José!" and "aw nuts!". Raised by her father Danny Tanner, her uncle Jesse Katsopolis, and her father's friend Joey Gladstone after her mother Pam's death in a car accident caused by a drunk driver, Michelle debuted during her character's infancy, maturing throughout the progression of the series. She is depicted as being slightly mischievous, though her status as the youngest daughter of the family leaves many of her misdeeds undisciplined and spares her from punishment – much to the chagrin of her older sisters.
Michelle is quite playful, being a young child; however many episodes end with her realization of a vital moral. Having never interacted with her deceased mother, Michelle occasionally yearns for a mother of her own, and episode plots have surrounded her desire for a mother and her plans to attempt to gain one through her father Danny remarrying. She forms a very strong familial bond with Jesse and enjoys his company and playful teasing. She was the flower girl at his and Becky's wedding. Their relationship is so strong that she becomes crestfallen upon learning of Jesse's intended relocation from the Tanner household after his marriage to Rebecca Donaldson in the season four episode "Fuller House". She holds a tendency to scheme when met with a new desire as an enhancement to the comedy of the series, but she eventually realizes the errors of her ways by the episode's conclusion.
From seasons six through eight (as first established in "Lovers and Other Tanners"), Michelle is a "Honey Bee" in an organization which her sisters D.J. and Stephanie had previously participated in. Michelle attends Meadowcrest Preschool through seasons 3-4 and later, Frasier Street Elementary School through seasons 5-8.
Friendships[edit]
In the season three episode "Bye, Bye Birdie", on Michelle's first day of preschool, she meets a boy named Aaron Bailey, who, that day, is able to wear the sharing crown because he brought his toys in. That day, the teacher calls the kids to the reading carpet for storytime and Michelle tells the class bird to come to participate, opening the cage and consequently resulting in the bird flying out the open window. A saddened Michelle tries desperately to get the bird back, but at the end of the episode, Danny gets her a new bird for her class. When she brings it in, all the kids love it, and Aaron lets Michelle wear the sharing crown for bringing the bird to be the class pet; the two eventually become friends and stay friends throughout the series.
In seasons five and six, she is friends with a boy named Teddy, whom she meets on her first day of kindergarten in the season five premiere "Double Trouble". The two enjoy doing many things together; it is revealed in "The Long Goodbye" that they enjoy dotting each other's "I"'s on their papers. When the two are in first grade, Teddy reveals his father got a new job and thus he and his family have to move to Amarillo, Texas. Michelle, saddened by the news, ties him up in her room tricking him into thinking she was teaching him how to jump rope. He is eventually untied by Joey and he gives her his special toy, "Furry Murray" and she gives him her special stuffed pig, "Pinky." Later, the two decide to write to one another. At the end of that same episode, Michelle makes a new friend named Denise Frazier, who then sits in Teddy's old seat and learns how to cross "T"'s. The two become friends through the seventh season (Denise does not appear in season eight due to her portrayer Jurnee Smollett's commitment to the short-lived sitcom On Our Own). She, at first, does not want a new best friend, but she does like Denise. Michelle also makes many other friends throughout the series, including shy but intelligent Derek Boyd (Blake McIver Ewing) and tough-girl Lisa Leeper (Kathryn Zaremba).
In the season seven episode "Be Your Own Best Friend," Teddy moves back to San Francisco and attends Michelle's school once again, rejoining her class. Michelle, Teddy, and Denise get into an argument when Danny comes into class for Parent Volunteer Day. He gives an assignment to trace each student's best friend, leading Michelle to believe that a person could only have one best friend. The three then have trouble deciding who to trace, allowing Michelle to take advantage of the situation. She says that she would pick the one who gives her the best stuff, but she did not say it explicitly (Teddy offers to give her his lone-star bolo tie and some Snickles candy – a parody of Skittles, and Denise offers her hair scrunchie and pencil case; Michelle takes them up on the offers, not realizing she is accepting bribes, which ultimately make Teddy and Denise angry when they understand what is actually happening). The three eventually make up in the end after Michelle picks Comet the dog as her best friend and traces him, and Danny helps them to understand that they could all be best friends.
Comet the dog[edit]
In the season three episode "And They Call It Puppy Love," the Tanner family adopts a dog named Comet, one of the puppies born to Minnie, a golden retriever who wandered from the home of her owners halfway across the country to California and was found by D.J. and Stephanie. Michelle grows a strong bond with Comet over the course of the series. In the season four episode "One Last Kiss," Michelle wanted another dog that was her size because Comet got bigger. In the season six episode "Road to Tokyo," when Jesse is on tour in Tokyo, Michelle decides to dig a hole to Tokyo in order to visit and she asks Comet to dig. In the season eight episode "Comet's Excellent Adventure," Comet runs away when Jesse unknowingly gives her permission to walk Comet by herself (as he was trying to deal with his bandmates in Jesse and the Rippers voting him out of the group due to the intrusion of his commitments to the family and his radio show gig), leading Michelle (and eventually, the rest of the family) to look all around San Francisco to find him (it was the only episode of the series that was filmed on location in San Francisco).[1] Comet comes home at the end of the episode.
Crediting[edit]
The production team behind Full House did not want people to know that Michelle was played by a set of twins, so the girls were credited as "Mary-Kate Ashley Olsen" for most of the show's run (making it appear as if a single actress had the first name Mary-Kate and the middle name Ashley). Although the two were credited separately as "Mary-Kate Olsen and Ashley Olsen" during the closing credits in the series' first season (they were not officially added to the opening title sequence until season two but were credited in the syndicated versions of the season one opening titles), it was not until the eighth and final season that the twins were credited as "Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen" in the opening titles. Despite the fact that the Olsens are fraternal twins, their physical appearances were nonetheless similar enough so that few could tell the difference between the two over the course of the show's run. In season one, Mary-Kate was used more often due to the fact Ashley cried when she was put on set for a scene.[2]
Reception[edit]
In 1989, Mary-Kate and Ashley Olsen won a Young Artist Award for Best Young Actor/Actress Under Five Years of Age for their portrayal of Michelle.[3] In 1990, they were also awarded Young Artist Awards for their work on Full House, in the category of Outstanding Performance by an Actress Under Nine Years of Age.[4] The two also won the Young Artist Awards for Exceptional Performance by a Young Actress Under Ten in 1991.[5]
Book series[edit]
Shortly after the show ended, two separate book series focusing respectively on Michelle and Stephanie were published. The stories take place mainly during the continuity of the show's later seasons, and include the sisters' friends and many other characters. The plots mainly focus on the characters' struggles and triumphs. Most of the books were not an episode in the series. Michelle is about nine years old and Stephanie is in her teens in the series. The books were mainly published in the 1990s.[6]
Fuller House[edit]
The twins declined to reprise their role for Fuller House, the 2016 Netflix sequel to Full House. Ashley cited their 12 years away from acting and Mary-Kate said the timing was bad.[7] In the series, their character is only seen during flashbacks and mentioned from time-to-time. For example, they mention that Michelle is now working as a fashion designer in New York.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ TV.com. "Full House: Comet's Excellent Adventure - Season 8, Episode 1". TV.com. Retrieved 2012-03-11.
Jump up ^ "Ashley Olsen: Information from". Answers.com. 1986-06-13. Retrieved 2012-03-11.
Jump up ^ "Tenth Annual Youth in Film Awards". YoungArtistAwards.org. Archived from the original on April 14, 2015. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Eleventh Annual Youth in Film Awards". YoungArtistAwards.org. Archived from the original on April 9, 2014. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Thirteenth Annual Youth in Film Awards". YoungArtistAwards.org. Archived from the original on March 4, 2011. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
Jump up ^ "**Full House Michelle Book Series**". Amazon.com. Retrieved 2012-03-11.
Jump up ^ "'We Finally Know Why The Olsen Twins Aren't On Fuller House'". cinemablend.com. Retrieved 2016-02-26.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Full House characters
Full House at the ABC Family website
Michelle Tanner on IMDb
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Party leaders of the United States Senate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Current leaders
Majority Leader
Mitch McConnell (R)
Majority Whip
John Cornyn (R)
Minority Leader
Chuck Schumer (D)
Minority Whip
Dick Durbin (D)
Party Leaders of the U.S. Senate
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(by seniority
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The Senate Majority and Minority Leaders are two United States Senators and members of the party leadership of the United States Senate. These leaders serve as the chief Senate spokespeople for the political parties respectively holding the majority and the minority in the United States Senate, and manage and schedule the legislative and executive business of the Senate. They are elected to their positions in the Senate by their respective party caucuses, the Senate Democratic Caucus and the Senate Republican Conference.
By rule, the Presiding Officer gives the Majority Leader priority in obtaining recognition to speak on the floor of the Senate. The Majority Leader customarily serves as the chief representative of their party in the Senate, and sometimes even in all of Congress if the House of Representatives and thus the office of Speaker of the House is controlled by the opposition party.
The Assistant Majority and Minority Leaders of the United States Senate (commonly called Senate Majority and Minority Whips) are the second-ranking members of each party's leadership. The main function of the Majority and Minority Whips is to gather votes on major issues. Because they are the second ranking members of the Senate, if there is no floor leader present, the whip may become acting floor leader. Before 1969, the official titles were Majority Whip and Minority Whip.
Contents
[hide]
1 Current floor leaders
2 History
3 List of party leaders
4 See also
5 Notes
6 External links
Current floor leaders[edit]
The Senate is currently composed of 51 Republicans, 47 Democrats, and 2 independents, both of whom caucus with the Democrats.
The current leaders are long-time Senators Mitch McConnell (R) from Kentucky and Chuck Schumer (D) from New York. The current Assistant Leaders/Whips are long-time Senators John Cornyn (R) from Texas and Dick Durbin (D) from Illinois.
History[edit]
The Democrats began the practice of electing floor leaders in 1920 while they were in the minority. John W. Kern was a Democratic Senator from Indiana. While the title was not official, he is considered[by whom?] to be the first Senate party leader from 1913 through 1917 (and in turn, the first Senate Democratic Leader), while serving concurrently as Chairman of the Senate Democratic Caucus. In 1925 the majority (at the time) Republicans also adopted this language when Charles Curtis became the first (official) Majority Leader[citation needed], although his immediate predecessor Henry Cabot Lodge is considered the first (unofficial) Senate Majority Leader.
The Constitution designates the Vice President of the United States as President of the United States Senate. The Constitution also calls for a President pro tempore to serve as the leader of the body when the President of the Senate (the Vice President) is absent. In practice, neither the Vice President nor the President pro tempore—customarily the most senior (longest-serving) Senator in the majority party—actually presides over the Senate on a daily basis; that task is given to junior Senators of the majority party. Since the Vice President may be of a different party than the majority and is not a member subject to discipline, the rules of procedure of the Senate give the presiding officer very little power and none beyond the presiding role. For these reasons, it is the Majority Leader who, in practice, manages the Senate. This is in contrast to the House of Representatives where the elected Speaker of the House has a great deal of discretionary power and generally presides over votes on bills.[citation needed]
List of party leaders[edit]
The Democratic Party first selected a leader in 1920. The Republican Party first formally designated a leader in 1925.
Cong-
ress
Dates
Democratic Whip
Democratic Leader
Majority
Republican Leader
Republican Whip
63rd May 28, 1913 –
March 4, 1915 J. Hamilton Lewis None Democratic
← Majority None None
64th March 4, 1915 –
December 6, 1915
December 6, 1915 –
December 13, 1915 James Wadsworth
December 13, 1915 –
March 4, 1917 Charles Curtis
65th March 4, 1917 –
March 4, 1919
66th March 4, 1919 –
April 27, 1920 Peter Gerry Republican
Majority → Henry Cabot Lodge
Unofficial
April 27, 1920 –
March 4, 1921 Oscar Underwood
67th March 4, 1921 –
March 4, 1923
68th March 4, 1923 –
December 3, 1923
December 3, 1923 –
November 9, 1924 Joseph Taylor Robinson
November 9, 1924 –
March 4, 1925 Charles Curtis
Acting Wesley Jones
Acting
69th March 4, 1925 –
March 4, 1927 Charles Curtis Wesley Jones
70th March 4, 1927 –
March 4, 1929
71st March 4, 1929 –
March 4, 1931 Morris Sheppard James E. Watson Simeon Fess
72nd March 4, 1931 –
March 4, 1933
73rd March 4, 1933 –
January 3, 1935 J. Hamilton Lewis Democratic
← Majority Charles L. McNary Felix Hebert
74th January 3, 1935 –
January 3, 1937 None[Note 1]
75th January 3, 1937 –
July 14, 1937
July 22, 1937 –
January 3, 1939 Alben W. Barkley
76th January 3, 1939 –
April 9, 1939
April 9, 1939 –
January 3, 1940 Sherman Minton
January 3, 1940 –
January 3, 1941 Warren Austin
Acting
77th January 3, 1941 –
January 3, 1943 J. Lister Hill Charles L. McNary
78th January 3, 1943 –
February 25, 1944 Kenneth Wherry
February 25, 1944 –
January 3, 1945 Wallace H. White Jr.
Acting
79th January 3, 1945 –
January 3, 1947 Wallace H. White Jr.
80th January 3, 1947 –
January 3, 1949 Scott W. Lucas Republican
Majority →
81st January 3, 1949 –
January 3, 1951 Francis Myers Scott W. Lucas Democratic
← Majority Kenneth S. Wherry Leverett Saltonstall
82nd January 3, 1951 –
January 3, 1952 Lyndon B. Johnson Ernest McFarland
January 3, 1952 –
January 3, 1953 Styles Bridges
83rd January 3, 1953 –
July 31, 1953 Earle Clements Lyndon B. Johnson Republican
Majority → Robert A. Taft
August 3, 1953 –
January 3, 1955 William F. Knowland
84th January 3, 1955 –
January 3, 1957 Democratic
← Majority
85th January 3, 1957 –
January 3, 1959 Mike Mansfield Everett Dirksen
86th January 3, 1959 –
January 3, 1961 Everett Dirksen Thomas Kuchel
87th January 3, 1961 –
January 3, 1963 Hubert Humphrey Mike Mansfield
88th January 3, 1963 –
January 3, 1965
89th January 3, 1965 –
January 3, 1967 Russell B. Long
90th January 3, 1967 –
January 3, 1969
91st January 3, 1969 –
September 7, 1969 Ted Kennedy Hugh Scott
September 24, 1969 –
January 3, 1971 Hugh Scott Robert Griffin
92nd January 3, 1971 –
January 3, 1973 Robert Byrd
93rd January 3, 1973 –
January 3, 1975
94th January 3, 1975 –
January 3, 1977
95th January 3, 1977 –
January 3, 1979 Alan Cranston Robert Byrd Howard Baker Ted Stevens
96th January 3, 1979 –
November 1, 1979
November 1, 1979 –
March 5, 1980 Ted Stevens
Acting
March 5, 1980 –
January 3, 1981 Howard Baker
97th January 3, 1981 –
January 3, 1983 Republican
Majority →
98th January 3, 1983 –
January 3, 1985
99th January 3, 1985 –
January 3, 1987 Bob Dole Alan Simpson
100th January 3, 1987 –
January 3, 1989 Democratic
← Majority
101st January 3, 1989 –
January 3, 1991 George Mitchell
102nd January 3, 1991 –
January 3, 1993 Wendell H. Ford
103rd January 3, 1993 –
January 3, 1995
104th January 3, 1995 –
June 12, 1996 Tom Daschle Republican
Majority → Trent Lott
June 12, 1996 –
January 3, 1997 Trent Lott Don Nickles
105th January 3, 1997 –
January 3, 1999
106th January 3, 1999 –
January 3, 2001 Harry Reid
107th January 3, 2001 –
January 20, 2001 Democratic
← Majority
January 20, 2001 –
June 6, 2001 Republican
Majority →
June 6, 2001 –
January 3, 2003[Note 2] Democratic
← Majority
108th January 3, 2003 –
January 3, 2005 Republican
Majority → Bill Frist Mitch McConnell
109th January 3, 2005 –
January 3, 2007 Dick Durbin Harry Reid
110th January 3, 2007 –
December 18, 2007 Democratic
← Majority Mitch McConnell Trent Lott
December 19, 2007 –
January 3, 2009 Jon Kyl
111th January 3, 2009 –
January 3, 2011
112th January 3, 2011 –
January 3, 2013
113th January 3, 2013 –
January 3, 2015 John Cornyn
114th January 3, 2015 –
January 3, 2017 Republican
Majority →
115th January 3, 2017 –
January 3, 2019 Chuck Schumer
Cong-
ress
Dates
Democratic Whip
Democratic Leader
Majority
Republican Leader
Republican Whip
See also[edit]
This article is part of a series on the
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Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ No Republican whips were appointed from 1935 to 1944 since only 17 Republicans were in the Senate following the landslide reelection of President Franklin D. Roosevelt in 1936. Accordingly, the minutes of the Republican Conference for the period state: "On motion of Senator Hastings, duly seconded and carried, it was agreed that no Assistant Leader or Whip be elected but that the chairman be authorized to appoint Senators from time to time to assist him in taking charge of the interests of the minority." A note attached to the conference minutes added: "The chairman of the conference, Senator McNary, apparently appointed Senator Austin of Vermont as assistant leader in 1943 and 1944, until the conference adopted Rules of Organization." Source: Party Whips Archived 2010-03-09 at the Wayback Machine., via Senate.gov
Jump up ^ Democrats remained in control after November 25, 2002, despite a Republican majority resulting from Jim Talent's special election victory in Missouri. There was no reorganization as the Senate was no longer in session. Party Division in the Senate, 1789–present, via Senate.gov
External links[edit]
Majority and Minority Leaders and Party Whips, via Senate.gov
Republican Majority
Democratic Minority
[show]
v
t
e
Current leadership of the United States Senate
President: Mike Pence (R)
President pro tempore: Orrin Hatch (R)
Majority (Republican) Minority (Democratic)
Mitch McConnell (Leader)
John Cornyn (Whip)
John Thune (Conference Chair)
John Barrasso (Policy Committee Chair)
Roy Blunt (Conference Vice Chair)
Cory Gardner (Campaign Committee Chair)
Mike Lee (Steering Committee Chair)
Mike Crapo (Chief Deputy Whip)
Chuck Schumer (Leader and Caucus Chair)
Dick Durbin (Whip)
Patty Murray (Assistant Leader)
Debbie Stabenow (Policy Committee Chair)
Mark Warner and Elizabeth Warren (Caucus Vice Chair)
Amy Klobuchar (Steering Committee Chair)
Bernie Sanders (Outreach Committee Chair)
Joe Manchin (Policy Committee Vice Chair)
Tammy Baldwin (Caucus Secretary)
Chris Van Hollen (Campaign Committee Chair)
Jeff Merkley (Chief Deputy Whip)
Patrick Leahy (Senate President pro tempore emeritus)
[show]
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Ise Grand Shrine
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Ise Grand Shrine
伊勢神宮 (Ise Jingū)
Naikū, Ise Shrine.
Information
Dedicated to
Amaterasu
Founded
4 BCE
Address
Ise, Mie, Japan
Glossary of Shinto
The Ise Grand Shrine (伊勢神宮, Ise Jingū), located in the city of Ise, Mie Prefecture of Japan, is a Shinto shrine dedicated to the sun goddess Amaterasu. Officially known simply as Jingū (神宮), Ise Jingū is a shrine complex composed of a large number of Shinto shrines centered on two main shrines, Naikū (内宮) and Gekū (外宮).
The Inner Shrine, Naikū (also officially known as "Kotai Jingū"), is located in the town of Uji-tachi, south of central Ise, and is dedicated to the worship of Amaterasu, where she is believed to dwell. The shrine buildings are made of solid cypress wood and use no nails but instead joined wood. The Outer Shrine, Gekū (also officially known as "Toyouke Daijingū"), is located about six kilometers from Naikū and dedicated to Toyouke-Ōmikami, the god of agriculture, rice harvest and industry.[1] Besides Naikū and Gekū, there are an additional 123 Shinto shrines in Ise City and the surrounding areas, 91 of them connected to Naikū and 32 to Gekū.[2]
Bird's eye view of the area surrounding the Gekū shrine
Purportedly the home of the Sacred Mirror, the shrine is one of Shinto's holiest and most important sites. Access to both sites is strictly limited, with the common public not allowed beyond sight of the thatched roofs of the central structures, hidden behind four tall wooden fences. However, tourists are free to roam the forest, including its ornamental walkways after Meiji period.
During the Edo period, it is estimated that one out of ten Japanese conducted an Okage Mairi pilgrimage to the shrine. Accordingly, pilgrimage to the shrine flourished in both commercial and religious frequency. Because the shrine is considered sanctuary, no security checkpoints were conducted, as it was considered sacrilege by the faithful. The two main shrines of Ise are joined by a pilgrimage road that passes through the old entertainment district of Furuichi.
The chief priest or priestess of Ise Shrine must come from the Imperial House of Japan and is responsible for watching over the Shrine. The current high priestess of the shrine is Emperor Akihito's daughter, Sayako Kuroda.[3]
Part of a series on
Shinto
Practices and beliefs
Kami
Ritual dance
Ritual purity
Polytheism
Animism
Japanese festivals
Mythology
Shinto shrines
List of Shinto shrines
Ichinomiya
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Shinto architecture
Notable Kami
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Sarutahiko
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Kojiki (ca. 711 CE)
Nihon Shoki (720 CE)
Fudoki (713–723 CE)
Shoku Nihongi (797 CE)
Kogo Shūi (807 CE)
Kujiki (807 to 936 CE)
Engishiki (927 CE)
See also
Religion in Japan
Glossary of Shinto
List of Japanese deities
Sacred objects
Japanese Buddhism
Edo Neo-Confucianism
Koshintō
State Shinto
Nippon Kaigi
Mythical creatures
Shinto portal
v
t
e
Contents
[hide]
1 Establishment of the Shrine
2 Chief priestess / chief priest
3 Shrine architecture
4 Rebuilding the Shrine
5 Annual festivals
6 Naikū - the inner shrine
6.1 The Uji Bridge
6.2 Temizusha
6.3 Saikan and Anzaisho
6.4 Kaguraden
6.5 Imibiyaden
6.6 Kotaijingu - the main shrine
7 Shrines and facilities
7.1 Shrines
7.2 Facilities
8 See also
9 Notes
10 References
11 External links
Establishment of the Shrine[edit]
Aerial view of the Naikū (inner shrine) and its borders in relation to Mount Shimaji and Mount Kamiji
A free-range chicken roaming the grounds, considered to be the divine messenger of Amaterasu.
According to the Nihon Shoki, around 2000 years ago the divine Yamatohime-no-mikoto, daughter of the Emperor Suinin, set out from Mt. Miwa in modern Nara Prefecture in search of a permanent location to worship the goddess Amaterasu, wandering for 20 years through the regions of Ohmi and Mino. Her search eventually brought her to Ise, in modern Mie Prefecture, where she is said to have established Naikū after hearing the voice of Amaterasu saying "(Ise) is a secluded and pleasant land. In this land I wish to dwell."[4] Before Yamatohime-no-mikoto's journey, Amaterasu had been worshiped at the imperial residence in Yamato, then briefly at Kasanui in the eastern Nara basin. When Princess Yamatohime-no-mikoto arrived at the village of Uji-tachi, she set up fifty bells to designate the area as enshrined for the goddess Amaterasu, which is why the river is called the Isuzu, or "fifty bells".[5]
Besides the traditional establishment date of 4 BCE,[6] other dates of the 3rd and 5th centuries have been put forward for the establishment of Naikū and Gekū respectively. The first shrine building at Naikū was erected by Emperor Tenmu (678-686), with the first ceremonial rebuilding being carried out by his wife, Empress Jitō, in 692.[7]
The shrine was foremost among a group of shrines which became objects of imperial patronage in the early Heian period.[8] In 965, Emperor Murakami ordered imperial messengers to be sent to report important events to the guardian kami of Japan. These heihaku were initially presented to 16 shrines including the Ise Shrine.[9]
Chief priestess / chief priest[edit]
Mishine-no-mikura.
From the late 7th century until the 14th century, the role of chief priestess of Ise Shrine was carried out by a female member of the Imperial House of Japan known as a saiō. According to the Man'yōshū, the first saiō to serve at the shrine was Princess Ōku, daughter of Emperor Tenmu, during the Asuka period. Mention of Ise Shrine's saiō is also made in the Aoi, Sakaki and Yugao chapters of The Tale of Genji as well as in the 69th chapter of The Tales of Ise. The saiō system ended during the turmoil of the Nanboku-chō period.
During the Empire of Japan and the establishment of State Shinto, the position of chief priest of the Ise Shrine was fulfilled by the reigning emperor and the Meiji, Taisho and Shōwa Emperors all played the role of chief priest during their reigns.
Since the disestablishment of State Shinto during the Occupation of Japan, the offices of chief priest and most sacred priestess have been held by former members of the imperial family or their descendants. The current chief priest of the shrine is Takatsukasa Naotake, adoptive son of Takatsukasa Kazuko. He succeeded Kitashirakawa Michihisa, a great-grandson of the Meiji Emperor, in 2007. Kitashirakawa Michihisa succeeded his cousin Kuni Kuniaki, the eldest son of former Prince Kuni Asaakira (brother of Empress Kōjun), in 2001. Kitashirakawa's grandmother, Kitashirakawa Fusako, the seventh daughter of the Meiji Emperor, served as most sacred priestess of the Ise Shrine from 1947 until her death in 1974. She was succeeded in that post by Takatsukasa Kazuko, third daughter of the Emperor Shōwa, who held the post until ill health forced her retirement in 1988. Takatsukasa Kazuko was succeeded by her younger sister, Ikeda Atsuko. In 2012, Ikeda was joined by her niece Kuroda Sayako, sole daughter of reigning Emperor Akihito, to serve as a high priestess under her. On 19 June 2017, Kuroda officially replaced her aunt as supreme priestess.[3]
Shrine architecture[edit]
Main shrine building, Naiku.
The architectural style of the Ise shrine is known as shinmei-zukuri, characterized by extreme simplicity and antiquity: its basic principles date back to the Kofun period (250-538 C.E.). The shrine buildings use a special variant of this style called Yuitsu-shinmei-zukuri (唯一神明造), which may not be used in the construction of any other shrine. The old shrines are dismantled and new ones built on an adjacent site to exacting specifications every 20 years at exorbitant expense, so that the buildings will be forever new and forever ancient and original. The present buildings, dating from 2013, are the 62nd iteration to date and are scheduled for rebuilding in 2033.
The shrine at Naikū is constructed of Japanese cypress. Built on pillars set directly in the ground, the shrine building measures 10.9 by 5.5 meters and includes a raised floor, verandas all the way around the building and a staircase leading to a single central doorway. The roof is made of thatched reed with ten billets (katsuogi) located on the ridge of the roof, the bargeboards of which project beyond the roof to form the distinctive forked finials (chigi) at the ends of the ridge. The roof ridge is supported by two free-standing columns called the munamochi-bashira. The katsuogi, chigi and munamochi-bashira are stylised forms of older storehouse building techniques that pre-date the introduction of Buddhist architecture in Japan.[10]
The empty site beside the shrine building, the site where the previous shrine once stood and where the next will be built, is called the kodenchi. This area is strewn with large white pebbles and is left totally empty apart from the oi-ya, a small wooden hut containing a wooden pole a little over 2 metres in height called the shin-no-mihashira (new sacred central pole). When a new shrine is built, it is built around the sacred central pole before the removal of the oi-ya, so that the central pole is never seen. The central pole of the old shrine will then have a new oi-ya erected so that the shin-no-mihashira also remains unseen.[7]
The erection of a single post in the center of a sacred area strewn with stones represents the form taken by Japanese places of worship in very ancient times; the shin-no-mihashira would thus be the survival of a symbolism from a very primitive symbolism to the present day.[11]
Rebuilding the Shrine[edit]
Okihiki Festival in May 2007 exhibiting wood to build the next shrine.
Land Before Sengū ceremony Photo at 2005.
The shrine buildings at Naikū and Gekū, as well as the Uji Bridge, are rebuilt every 20 years as a part of the Shinto belief of the death and renewal of nature and the impermanence of all things and as a way of passing building techniques from one generation to the next. The twenty year renewal process is called the Sengu. In August, in a long-standing tradition, the people who live in Ise are allowed to enter the area around the Inner Sanctum of the Naiku as well as the Geku. Some villages drag a wooden carriage laden with white stones up the Isuzu River onto the grounds of the Naiku. Each participant gets two white stones in a white handkerchief and these allow them to place the stones in the area around the Inner Sanctum. Other villages drag a huge wooden car or Noburi Kuruma laden with white stones to the Uji bridge at the entrance of the grounds of the Naiku. Participants receive two white stones which are also placed in the sacred space around the Inner Sanctum. The entire tradition is called Shiraisshiki and it is very colourful with every participant wearing a 'happi' coat representing a particular village. The rebuilding of the main shrine takes place on a site adjacent to the old, and each rebuilding alternates between the two sites. The next scheduled rebuilding of Naikū is due in 2033 on the lower, northern site.
In the lead-up to the rebuilding of the shrines, a number of festivals are held to mark special events. The Okihiki Festival is held in the spring over two consecutive years and involves people from surrounding towns dragging huge wooden logs through the streets of Ise to Naikū and Gekū. In the lead-up to the 2013 rebuilding, the Okihiki festival was held in 2006 and 2007. A year after the completion of the Okihiki festival, carpenters begin preparing the wood for its eventual use in the Shrine.
Annual festivals[edit]
The Otaue ceremony.
From the late seventh century, when the festivals and offerings of Ise Shrine became more formalised, a number of annual events have been performed at both Naikū and Gekū. The Tsukinamisai, which was held in June and December, as well as the Kannamesai Festival in September, were the only three offerings performed by the Saiō, an imperial princess who served as high priestess of the shrine until the 14th century.[12] These offerings are based on the cycle of the agricultural year and are still performed today.
The hatadono.
The first important ceremony of the modern calendar year is the Kinensai, where prayers are offered for a bountiful harvest. Kannamesai, where prayers for fair weather and sufficient rains are made, is held twice a year in May and August at both Naikū and Gekū.
Autumn Kagura Festival.
The most important annual festival held at Ise Shrine is the Kannamesai Festival (神嘗祭). Held in October each year, this ritual makes offerings of the first harvest of crops for the season to Amaterasu. An imperial envoy carries the offering of rice harvested by the Emperor himself to Ise, as well as five-coloured silk cloth and other materials, called heihaku.[13]
Besides the agricultural ceremonies already mentioned, ceremonies and festivals are held throughout the year at both Naikū and Gekū to celebrate things such as the new year, the foundation of Japan, the past emperors, purification rituals for priests and court musicians, good sake fermentation and the Emperor's birthday. There are also daily food offerings to the shrine kami held both in the mornings and evenings.[14]
Naikū - the inner shrine[edit]
Isuzu River 2006
The official name of the main shrine of Naikū is Kotaijingu and is the place of worship of the goddess Amaterasu. The grounds of Naikū contain a number of structures, including the following:[15]
The Uji Bridge[edit]
The Uji Bridge 2012
This 100 meter wooden bridge, built in a traditional Japanese style, stretches across the Isuzu River at the entrance of Naikū. Like the shrine buildings of Naikū, it is rebuilt every 20 years as a part of the Shikinen Sengū ceremony. On crossing the bridge, the path turns to the right along the banks of the Isuzu river and passes through large landscaped gardens.
Temizusha[edit]
Temizusha for ritual purification.
After crossing a short, wide bridge, pilgrims to the shrine encounter the Temizusha, a small, roofed structure containing a pool of water for use in ritual purification. Visitors are encouraged to wash their hands and rinse their mouths at Temizusha as a symbolic act to clean the mind and body of impurity. The first of two large torii gates stands just beyond the Temizusha.
Saikan and Anzaisho[edit]
After passing the first large torii gate, the Purification Hall (Saikan), and the hall for visitors from the imperial household (Anzaisho) is located to the left. The Saikan is used by shrine priests to purify themselves before performing ceremonies at the shrine. They are required to spend one or two nights to free their minds of worldly issues, partaking in baths and eating meals cooked with the sacred fire.
Kaguraden[edit]
Kagura-den
This hall for special prayer, located just after the second large torii gate, is open to the public for the offering of individual prayers to the kami, the giving of donations and the purchase of special talisman of protection, amulets and hanging scrolls of Amaterasu Omikami.
Charge field prayer,Toyouke Daijingū (Gekū).2005.
Imibiyaden[edit]
Imibiyaden 2007
This hall contains the sacred fire used to cook all of the food offerings to the kami of Ise Shrine. Rice and other offerings cooked on the sacred fire are stored in a box made of Japanese cypress, then purified at the Haraedo immediately in front of the Imibiyaden before being offered to the kami.
Kotaijingu - the main shrine[edit]
Steps leading to the main shrine, Naikū, 2007.
The pilgrimage path then approaches the main shrine of Naikū by a set of large stone steps. Visitors are supposed to keep to the sides of the path as the middle is set aside for the goddess Amaterasu. Etiquette is the same as for most Shinto shrines. Though the actual shrine is hidden behind a large fence, pilgrims can approach the gate to offer their prayers. Photographs in this area are prohibited and this restriction is strictly policed.
Place of prayer of the main shrine, Naikū, 2005.
Kotai Jingū is said to hold the Sacred Mirror, one of three Imperial Regalia of Japan said to have been given to the first Emperor by the gods. From a path that follows the line of the outer wall, the distinctive roof of the shrine building can be seen through the trees. In front of the walled shrine compound can be seen an open area which was the location of the rebuilding of the shrine in 2013.
Shrines and facilities[edit]
Shrines[edit]
There are 125 shrines within Ise Shrine.[16]
Shōgū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
Kōtai Jingū (Naikū) 皇大神宮 Amaterasu Ōmikami
Ameno Tajikarao no kami
Yorozuhata-Toyoakitsuhime no mikoto 天照大御神
天手力男神
万幡豊秋津姫命[17] Ujitachi, Ise city
Toyouke Daijingū (Gekū) 豊受大神宮 Toyouke no Ōmikami
3 Mitomo no kami 豊受大御神
御伴神3座[18] Toyokawa, Ise city
Betsugū of Kōtai Jingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Aramatsuri no miya 荒祭宮 Amaterasu Ōmikami no Aramitama 天照大御神荒御魂 in Naikū
2 Tsukiyomi no miya 月讀宮 Tsukiyomi no mikoto 月讀尊 Nakamura, Ise city
3 Tsukiyomi no Aramitama no miya 月讀荒御魂宮 Tsukiyomi no mikoto no Aramitama 月讀尊荒御魂 in Tsukiyomi no miya
4 Izanagi no miya 伊佐奈岐宮 Izanagi no mikoto 伊佐奈岐尊 in Tsukiyomi no miya
5 Izanami no miya 伊佐奈弥宮 Izanami no mikoto 伊佐奈弥尊 in Tsukiyomi no miya
6 Takihara no miya 瀧原宮 Amaterasu Ōmikami no Mitama 天照大御神御魂 Takihara, Taiki town,
Watarai district
7 Takihara no narabi no miya 瀧原竝宮 Amaterasu Ōmikami no Mitama 天照大御神御魂 in Takihara no miya
8 Izawa no miya 伊雑宮 Amaterasu Ōmikami no Mitama 天照大御神御魂 Isobe-chō-Kaminogō,
Shima city
9 Yamatohime no miya 倭姫宮 Yamatohime no mikoto 倭姫命 Kusube, Ise city
10 Kazahinomi no miya 風日祈宮 Shinatsuhiko no mikoto
Shinatobe no mikoto 級長津彦命
級長戸辺命 in Naikū
Betsugū of Toyouke Daijingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Taka no miya 多賀宮 Toyouke no Ōmikami no Aramitama 豊受大御神荒御魂 in Gekū
2 Tsuchi no miya 土宮 Ōtsuchi no mioya no kami 大土御祖神 in Gekū
3 Tsukiyomi no miya 月夜見宮 Tsukiyomi no mikoto
Tsukiyomi no mikoto no Aramitama 月夜見尊
月夜見尊荒御魂 Miyajiri, Ise city
4 Kaze no miya 風宮 Shinatsuhiko no mikoto
Shinatobe no mikoto 級長津彦命
級長戸辺命 in Gekū
Sessha of Kōtai Jingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Asakuma jinja 朝熊神社 Ōtoshi no kami
Kokemushi no kami
Asakuma no mizu no kami 大歳神
苔虫神
朝熊水神 Asama, Ise city
2 Asakuma mimae jinja 朝熊御前神社 Asakuma no mimae no kami 朝熊御前神 in Asakuma jinja
3 Sonai (Sonō[19]) jinja 園相神社 Sonahihiko no mikoto
Mimae no kami 曾奈比比古命
御前神 Tsumura, Ise city
4 Kamo jinja 鴨神社 Ishikorowake no mikoto
Mimae no kami 石己呂和居命
御前神 Yamagammi, Tamaki,
Watarai district
5 Tanoe jinja 田乃家神社 Ōkami no Misamukawa no kami 大神御滄川神 Yano, Tamaki,
Watarai district
6 Tanoe mimae jinja 田乃家御前神社 Mimae no kami 御前神 same as Tanoe jinja
7 Kano jinja 蚊野神社 Ōkami no mikage no-
kawa no kami 大神御蔭川神 Kano, Tamaki,
Watarai district
8 Kano mimae jinja 蚊野御前神社 Mimae no kami 御前神 same as Kano jinja
9 Yuta jinja 湯田神社 Ōtoshi no mioya no mikoto
Mimae no kami 大歳御祖命
御前神 Obata-chō-Yuta,
Ise city
10 Ōtsuchi mioya jinja 大土御祖神社 Ōkunitama no mikoto
Mizusasarahiko no mikoto
Mizusasarahime no mikoto 大国玉命
水佐佐良比古命
水佐佐良比賣命 Kusube, Ise city
11 Kunitsu mioya jinja 国津御祖神社 Ujihime no mikoto
Tamurahime no mikoto 宇治比賣命
田村比賣命 in Ōtoshi mioya jinja
12 Kuchira jinja 朽羅神社 Chiyorihime no mikoto
Chiyorihiko no mikoto 千依比賣命
千依比古命 Hara, Tamaki,
Watarai district
13 Ujiyōda jinja 宇治山田神社 Yamatahime no mikoto[20] 山田姫命 Nakamura, Ise city
14 Tsunaga jinja 津長神社 Sunagahime no mikoto 栖長比賣命 Uji-Imazaike, Ise city
(in front of Kōtai Jingū)
15 Katada jinja 堅田神社 Samitsuhime no mikoto 佐見都比女命 Futami-chō-Chaya,
Ise city[21]
16 Ōmizu jinja 大水神社 Ōyamazumi no mioya no mikoto 大山祇御祖命 Uji-imazaike, Ise city
(in front of Kōtai Jingū)
17 E jinja 江神社 Nagakuchime no mikoto
Ōtoshi no mioya no mikoto
Ukano mitama no mikoto 長口女命
大歳御祖命
宇加乃御玉命 Futami-chō-E, Ise city
18 Kōzaki jinja 神前神社 Arasakihime no mikoto 荒崎比賣命 Futami-chō-Matsushita,
Ise city
19 Awamiko jinja 粟皇子神社 Susanō no mikoto no Mitama no-
michinushi no mikoto 須佐乃乎命御玉道主命 Futami-chō-Matsushita,
Ise city
20 Kawara jinja 川原神社 Tsukiyomi no mikoto no Mitama 月讀尊御魂 Sōchi, Ise city
21 Kugutsuhime jinja 久具都比賣神社 kugutsuhime no mikoto
kugutsuhiko no mikoto
MImae no kami 久具都比賣命
久具都比古命
御前神 Kamikugu, Watarai town,
Watarai district
22 Narahara jinja 奈良波良神社 Naraharahime no mikoto 那良原比女命 Miyako, Tamaki town,
Watarai district
23 Sugihara jinja 棒原神社 Ama no subarume no mikoto-
no Mitama
Mimae no kami 天須婆留女命御魂
御前神 Kami-Tanui, Tamaki town,
Watarai district
24 Mifune jinja 御船神社 Ōkami no mikage no-
kawa no mikoto 大神御蔭川神 Toba, Taki town,
Taki district
25 Sakatekunari jinja 坂手国生神社 Takaminakami no mikoto
(Takaminakami no kami[22]) 高水上命 (高水上神) Kami-Tanui, Tamaki town,
Watarai district
26 Satakunari jinja 狭田國生神社 Hayakawahiko no mikoto
Hayakawahime no mikoto
Yamazue no Mitama 速川比古命
速川比女命
山末御魂 Sata, Tamaki town,
Watarai district
27 Takihara jinja 多岐原神社 Manako no Kami 真奈胡の神 Misegawa, Taiki town,
Watarai district
Sessha of Toyouke Daijingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Kusanagi jinja 草奈伎神社 Mishirushi no tsurugi no kami 御剣仗神 (標劔仗神[23]) Tokiwa, Ise city
2 Ōmakunari jinja 大間国生神社 Ōwakako no mikoto
Otowakako no mikoto 大若子命
乙若子命 Tokiwa, Ise city
3 Watarai kuimii jinja 度会国御神社 Hikokunimigakitakeyotsuka no mikoto 彦国見賀岐建與束命 in Gekū
4 Watarai ōkunitamahime jinja 度会大国玉比賣神社 Ōkunitama no mikoto
Mizusasarahime no mikoto 大国玉姫命
弥豆佐佐良比賣命 in Gekū
5 Tanoe ōmizu jinja 田上大水神社 Ogoto kan-nushi 小事神主 Fujisato, Ise city
6 Tanoe ōmizu mimae jinja 田上大水御前神社 Miyako 宮子 in Tanoe ōmizu jinja
7 Shitomi jinja 志等美神社 Kukunochi no kami 久久能智神 Tsujikuru, Ise city
8 Ōkōchi jinja 大河内神社 Ōyamazumi no kami 大山祇神 in Shitomi jinja
9 Kiyonoiba jinja 清野井庭神社 Kayanohime no mikoto 草野姫命 Tokiwa, Ise city
10 Takagawara jinja 高河原神社 Tsukiyomi no mikoto no Mitama 月夜見尊御魂 in Tsukiyomi no miya
(Gekū, 月夜見宮)
11 Kawara jinja 河原神社 Kawa no kami[24] 川神 Misono-chō-Shingai,
Ise city
12 Kawarabuchi jinja 河原淵神社 Sawahime no mikoto 澤姫命 Funae, Ise city
13 Yamazue jinja 山末神社 Ōyamatsuhime no mikoto 大山津姫命 in Gekū
14 Usunono jinja 宇須乃野神社 Usunome no mikoto 宇須乃女命 Misono-chō-Takabuku,
Ise city
15 Mike jinja 御食神社 Minato no miketsu kami 水戸御饗都 Kamiyashiro, Ise city
16 Obata jinja 小俣神社 Uka no Mitama no kami 宇賀御魂神 Obata-chō-motomachi,
Ise city
Massha of Kōtai Jingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Kamoshimo jinja 鴨下神社 Ishikorowake no mikoto
Kamohiko no mikoto
Kamohime no mikoto 石己呂和居命
鴨比古命
鴨比賣命 Katsuta, Tamaki,
Watarai district
2 Tsubura jinja 津布良神社 Tsuburahiko no mikoto
Tsuburahime no mikoto 津布良比古命
津布良比賣命 Tsubura, Tamaki,
Watarai district
3 Ashihara jinja 葦原神社 Sasatsuhiko no mikoto
Ukano Mitama no mioya no mikoto
Ikarihime no mikoto 佐佐津比古命
宇加乃御魂御祖命
伊加利比売命 in Tsukiyomi no miya
(Naikū, 月讀宮)
4 Ogoso jinja 小社神社 Takaminakami mikoto[26]) 高水上命 Ogoso-Sone, Tamaki,
Watarai district
5 Komori jinja 許母利神社 Awashima no kami no mitama 粟嶋神御魂 same as Kōzaki jinja
6 Niikawa jinja 新川神社 Niikawahime no mikoto 新川比賣命 same as Tsunaga jinja
7 Iwai jinja 石井神社 Takaminakami no mikoto[27] 高水上命 same as Tsunaga jinja
8 Uji no nuki jinja 宇治乃奴鬼 Takaminakami no mikoto[28] 高水上命 Ōtoshi mioya jinja
9 Kanumi jinja 加努弥神社 Inayorihime no mikoto 稲依比女命 Kanome (Kanomi), Ise city
without building
10 Kawaai jinja 川相神社 Hosokawa no mizu no kami 細川水神 same as Ōmizu jinja
11 Kumabuchi jinja 熊淵神社 Takiōtoji no kami 多支大刀自神 same as Ōmizu jinja
12 Arasaki jinja 荒前神社 Arasakihime no mikoto 荒前比賣命 same as Kōzaki jinja
13 Najime jinja 那自売神社 Ōminakami no mioya no mikoto
Mimonosusohime no mikoto 大水上御祖命
御裳乃須蘇比賣命 same as Ujiyōda jinja
14 Ashidate jinja 葦立弖神社 Tamayarahime no mikoto 玉移良比女命 same as Kunitsu mioya jinja
15 Mumino jinja 牟弥乃神社 Samukawahiko no mikoto
Samukawahime no mikoto 寒川比古命
寒川比女命 same as Mifune jinja
16 Kagaminomiya jinja 鏡宮神社 Iwanoue no futatsu no mikagami no mitama 岩上二面神鏡霊 Asama, Ise city
Massha of Toyouke Daijingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Igari jinja 伊我理神社 Igarihime no mikoto 伊我理比女命 in Gekū
2 Agata jinja 縣神社 Agata no kami[29] 縣神 same as Usuno no jinja
3 Inaka jinja 井中神社 Inaka no kami 井中神 same as Ikari jinja
4 Uchikake jinja 打縣神社 Uchikake myōjin[30] 打縣名神 in Shitomi jinja
5 Akasaki jinja 赤崎神社 Arasakihime no mikoto 荒崎姫命 Toba, Toba city
6 Mori jinja 毛理神社 Ki no kami[31] 木神 same as Kawara jinja
(河原神社)
7 Ōtsu jinja 大津神社 Ashihara kami
(Ashihara no kami[32]) 葦原神 in Gekū
8 Shioya jinja 志宝屋神社 Shiotsuchi no oji 塩土老翁 Ōminato, Ise city
Shokansha of Kōtai Jingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Takimatsuri no kami 滝祭神 Takimatsuri no Ōkami[33] 瀧祭大神 in Naikū
without building
2 Okitama no Kami 興玉神 Okitama no Kami 興玉神 in Naikū Shogū
without building
3 Miyabi no kami 宮比神 Miyabi no kami 宮比神 in Naikū Shogū
without building
4 Yanohahiki no kami 屋乃波比伎神 Yanohahiki no kami 屋乃波比伎神 in Naikū Shogū
without building
5 Misakadono 御酒殿 Misakadono no kami[34] 御酒殿神 in Naikū
6 Mishine no mikura 御稲御倉 Mishine no mikura no kami 御稲御倉神 in Naikū
7 Yuki no mikura 由貴御倉 Yuki no mikura no kami 由貴御倉神 inNaikū
8 Miya no meguri no kami 四至神 Miya no meguri no kami 四至神 in Naikū
without building
9 Kan-Hatori hatadono jinja 神服織機殿神社 Kan-hatori hatadono no-
mamori no kami[35] 神服織機殿神社鎮守神 Ōgaito, Matsusaka city
10 Massha of Kan-Hatori hatadono jinja; 8 shrines 神服織機殿神社末社8所 Kan-hatori hatadono no-
mamori no mimae no kami 神服織機殿神社鎮守御前神 in Kan-Hatori hatadono jinja
11 Kan-Omi hatadono jinja 神麻績機殿神社 Kan-Omi hatadono no-
mamori no kami[36] 神麻績機殿神社鎮守神 Iguchinaka, Matsusaka city
12 Massha of Kan-Omi hatadono jinja; 8 shrines 神麻績機殿神社末社8所 Kan-Omi hatadono no mamori no-
mimae no kami 神麻績機殿神社鎮守御前神 in Kan-Omi hatadono jinja
13 Mishiodono jinja 御塩殿神社 Mishiodono no mamori no kami 御塩殿神社鎮守神[37] Futami-chō-Shō, Ise city
14 Aedohashihime jinja 饗土橋姫神社 Ujibashi no mamori no kami[33] 宇治橋鎮守神 Uji-Imazaike, Ise city
(in front of Kōtai Jingū)
15 Ōyamatsumi jinja 大山祇神社 Ōyamazumi no kami 大山祇神 in Naikū
16 Koyasu jinja 子安神社 Konohanasakuyahime no mikoto 木華開耶姫命 in Naikū
(side of Ōyamatsumi jinja)
Shokansha of Toyouke Daijingū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Misakadono 御酒殿 Misakadono no kami[32] 御酒殿神 in Gekū
2 Miya no meguri no kami 四至神 Miya no meguri no kami 四至神 in Gekū
without building
3 Kami no mii no jinja 上御井神社 Kami no mii no mamori no kami[32] 上御井鎮守神 in Gekū
4 Shimo no mii no jinja 下御井神社 Shimo no mii no mamori no kami[32] 下御井鎮守神 in Gekū
Shokansha of Betsugū
name
kanji
enshrined
kanji
location
1 Wakamiya jinja 若宮神社 Wakamiya no kami[38] 若宮神 in Takihara no miya
2 Nagayuke jinja 長由介神社 Nagayuke no kami[38] 長由介神 in Takihara no miya
3 Kawashima jinja 川島神社 Kawashima no kami[38] 川島神 same as Nagayuke jinja
4 Saminaga jinja 佐美長神社 Shimonomii no mamori no kami[39] 大歳神 Isobe-chō-Erihara, Shima city
5 Saminaga mimae jinja; 4 shrines 佐美長御前神社 Saminaga mimae no kami[39] 佐美長御前神 in Saminaga jinja
Facilities[edit]
Facilities of Ise Shrine (not shrine)[40]
name
kanji
articles
kanji
location
1 Yahirodono of Kan-Hatori hatadono jinja 神服織機殿神社八尋殿 Nigitae (silk) 和妙 in Kan-Hatori hatadono jinja
2 Yahirodono of Kan-Omi hatadono jinja 神服麻績殿神社八尋殿 Aratae (hemp) 荒妙 in Kan-Omi hatadono jinja
3 Jingu shinden
(30,000 m²) 神宮神田 Goryō-mai (rice) 御料米 Kusube-chō, Ise city
4 Izawa no miya no omita
(1,646 m²) 伊雑宮の御神田 Goryō-mai (rice) 御料米 Isobe-chō-Erihara, Shima city
(side of Izawa no miya)
5 Mishiohama
(6,609 m²) 御塩浜 brine 御塩 Futami-chō-Nishi, Ise city
6 Mishiodono
Mishio kumiiresho
Mishio yakisho
(27,785 m²) 御塩殿
御塩汲入所
御塩焼所 Mishio (salt) 御塩 in Mishiodono jinja
7 Jingū misono
(19,751 m²) 神宮御園 vegetables and fruits 野菜・果物 Futami-chō-Mizoguchi, Ise city
8 Awabi chōseisho
(5,946 m²) 鰒調製所 noshi awabi (dried abalone) 熨斗鰒 Kuzaki-chō, Toba city
9 Hidai chōseisho
(11,242 m²) 干鯛調製所 Hidai (dried sea bream) 干鯛 Shinojima, Minamichita town,
Chita District, Aichi Prefecture
10 Doki chōseisho
(2,878 m²) 土器調製所 earthenwares 土器 Minomura, Meiwa town,
Taki District
See also[edit]
List of Shinto shrines
Twenty-Two Shrines
Modern system of ranked Shinto shrines
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Ise Jingu official homepage, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-05-30. Retrieved 2012-05-30.
Jump up ^ Ise Jingu official homepage Archived 2012-05-30 at Archive.is
^ Jump up to: a b "Emperor's daughter becomes supreme priestess at Ise Shrine". Japan Times. June 21, 2017. Retrieved June 22, 2017. Sayako Kuroda, the daughter of Emperor Akihito and Empress Michiko, assumed the post of supreme priestess at Ise Shrine this week, the ancient Shinto shrine said.
Jump up ^ Aston 1896, p. 176.
Jump up ^ Bocking 2013, p. 51.
Jump up ^ Encyclopædia Britannica - Ise Shrine http://www.britannica.com/ebc/article-9368233
^ Jump up to: a b Sacred Places - Ise Shrine http://witcombe.sbc.edu/sacredplaces/ise.html
Jump up ^ Teeuwen 2000, pp. 74-75.
Jump up ^ Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines, pp. 116-117.
Jump up ^ Sir Banister Fletcher, A History of Architecture (p724), Architectural Press (1996), ISBN 0-7506-2267-9
Jump up ^ Kenzo Tange and Noboru Kawazoe, Ise: Prototype of Japanese Architecture (p 167), Cambridge, Massachusetts: M.I.T. Press, 1965.
Jump up ^ Saikū Historical Museum information booklet, "A Town of Bamboo Illumined Once Again".
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-08-03. Retrieved 2007-10-10. - Annual Cycle of Ceremonies and Rice, Official Ise Jingu homepage.
Jump up ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-08-04. Retrieved 2007-10-10. - Annual Cycle of Ceremonies, Official Ise Jingu homepage.
Jump up ^ The official Ise Jingu homepage: Naiku, "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2012-06-29. Retrieved 2008-01-09.
Jump up ^ "Oise mairi" (『お伊勢まいり』, Jingū-shichō, Ise-Jingū-sūkei-kai, July 1, 2006) p.105-118
Jump up ^ "Oise mairi" p.72
Jump up ^ "Oise mairi" p.9
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai" (『神宮摂社末社順拝』, Sarutahiko jinja, March 31, 1989) The second volume (下巻) p.87
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai", The second volume (下巻) p.31, No Hiragana in "Oise mairi" .
Jump up ^ Katada jinja is written at "伊勢市二見町江 (Futami-chō-E, Ise city)" in "Oise mairi", but this shrine is in Futami-chō-Chaya. Futami-chō-Chaya was independent of Futami-chō-E on November 1st 2005, and Futami-chō-Chaya is often writeen Futami-chō-E by a mistake. Katada jinja is mapped "二見町茶屋 (Futami-chō-Chaya)" in these maps, not Futami-chō-E.
Google map
Mapion Archived 2007-11-03 at the Wayback Machine.
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai", The second volume (下巻) p.69
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai", The first volume (上巻) p.65
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō (『お伊勢さんを歩こう』, Ise-Jingū-sūkei-kai, April 1, 2005) p.15, No Hiragana in "Oise mairi" and "Jingū sessha massha junhai".
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.21
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai", The second volume (下巻) p.15
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai", The second volume (下巻) p.4
Jump up ^ "Jingū sessha massha junhai", The second volume (下巻) p.37
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.16
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.17
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.15
^ Jump up to: a b c d "Oisesan wo arukō" p.8
^ Jump up to: a b "Oisesan wo arukō" p.4
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.5
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.24
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.24
Jump up ^ "Oisesan wo arukō" p.27
^ Jump up to: a b c "Oisesan wo arukō" p.31
^ Jump up to: a b "Oisesan wo arukō" p.29
Jump up ^ "Oise mairi" p.98-103
References[edit]
Japan portal
Shinto portal
Architecture portal
Aston, William George (1896). Nihongi: Chronicles of Japan from the Earliest Times to A.D. 697. London: The Japan Society, Trübner.
Bock, Felicia G. (1974). "The Rites of Renewal at Ise". Monumenta Nipponica. 29: 55–68. JSTOR 2383463. (Registration required (help)).
Bocking, Brian (2013). The Oracles of the Three Shrines: Windows on Japanese Religion. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-1-136-84552-9.
Breen, John; Teeuwen, Mark (2000). Shinto in History: Ways of the Kami. University of Hawaii Press. ISBN 978-0-8248-2363-4.
Fletcher, Sir Banister; Cruickshank, Dan (1996). Sir Banister Fletcher's a History of Architecture. Architectural Press. ISBN 978-0-7506-2267-7.
Hvass, Svend M. (1998). Ise - Japan's Ise Shrines - Ancient yet New. Copenhagen. Aristo Publishing. ISBN 87-985103-3-9
Ponsonby-Fane, Richard. (1962). Studies in Shinto and Shrines.] Kyoto: Ponsonby Memorial Society. OCLC 399449
Kenzo Tange; Noboru Kawazoe (1965). Ise: Prototype of Japanese Architecture. MIT Press. ISBN 978-0-262-20006-6.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to:
Ise Shrine (category)
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Ise.
Official website
Jingu - Mie Tourism Guide (Mie Prefecture)
Ise Jingu - Iseshima General Sightseeing Guide
Ise City Tourist Industry Society
New York Public Library Digital Gallery, early photograph of Ise Shrine compound
Coordinates: 34°27′18″N 136°43′33″E / 34.45500°N 136.72583°E / 34.45500; 136.72583
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