text:
Music of the Dominican Republic
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article includes a list of references, but its sources remain unclear because it has insufficient inline citations. Please help to improve this article by introducing more precise citations. (April 2010) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Music of The Dominican Republic
General topics
Related articles
Genres
Atabales
Bachata
La Mangulina
Merengue
Palos
Pambiche
Salves
Son Dominicano
Típico
Media and performance
Music festivals
Carnival
Nationalistic and patriotic songs
National anthem
Quisqueyanos Valientes
Regional music
Anguilla
Antigua and Barbuda
Aruba and the Dutch Antilles
Bahamas
Barbados
Bermuda
Bonaire
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Curaçao
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Grenada
Guadeloupe
Guyana
Haiti
Jamaica
Louisiana
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
St Kitts and Nevis
St Lucia
St Vincent and Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
Turks and Caicos
Virgin Islands
v
t
e
The music of the Dominican Republic is primarily influenced by West African traditions, with some minor European, and native Taino influences. The Dominican Republic is mainly known for its merengue and bachata music, both of which are the most popular forms of music in the country.
Contents
[hide]
1 Dominican music
1.1 Music
1.2 Música Congos del Espíritu Santo
1.3 Salves
1.4 Palo
1.5 Bachata
2 Popular music
2.1 Dominican rock
2.2 Hip hop
2.3 Reggaeton
3 Art music
3.1 Jazz
3.2 Classical music
4 References
5 Bibliography
6 External links
Dominican music[edit]
Music[edit]
Main articles: music, Merengue típico, Pambiche, and Merenrap
Merengue is a musical genre native to the Dominican Republic. It has a moderate to very fast 2/4 rhythm played on güira (metal scraper) and the double-headed tambora. The accordion is also common. Traditional, accordion-based merengue is usually termed merengue típico and is still played by living accordionists like Francisco Ulloa, Fefita la Grande, El Ciego de Nagua, and Rafaelito Román. More modern merengues incorporate electric instruments and influences from salsa, and rock and roll. Choruses are often sung in a call and response form by two or three back-up singers, or more traditionally, by the musicians playing tambora or güira. Beginning in the 1960s, dancing became a part of the singers' work with Johnny Ventura's Combo Show format, and is now a staple of many of the genre's biggest stars. Lyrically, irony and double entendres are common Merengue continued to be limited in popularity to the lower classes, especially in the Cibao area, in the early 20th century. Artists like Juan F. García, Juan Espínola and Julio Alberto Hernández tried to move merengue into the mainstream, but failed, largely due to social prejudices. Some success occurred after nationalistic feelings arose among the Cibao elite who resented the U.S. occupation of the country from 1916–1924. Legend has it that at this time the faster (merengue típico cibaeño) was slowed down to accommodate American soldiers who couldn't dance the difficult steps of the merengue; this mid-tempo version was called pambiche. Major mainstream acceptance started with Rafael Trujillo's rise to power in the early 1930s.
Dictator Rafael Trujillo, who seized the presidency of the Dominican Republic in 1930, helped merengue to become a national symbol of the island up until his assassination in 1961. Being that he was of humble origins, he had been barred from elite social clubs. He was therefore resentful of these elite sophisticates and began promoting the Cibao-style merengue, forcing all social classes to participate in the low-class dance. At Trujillo's command, virtually all musical groups had to compose merengues praising Trujillo's dictatorship, its guidelines and actions of his party. Trujillo even made it mandatory for urban dance bands to include merengue in their repertoire. Also, piano and brass instruments were added in merengue-oriented big bands, a trend towards upward mobility popularizing by Luis Alberti's group in Santiago de los Caballeros. On the other hand, merengue that continued to use an accordion became known (rather disrespectfully) as perico ripiao (ripped parrot). It was because of all this that merengue became and still is the Dominican Republic’s national music and dance.
In the 1960s, a new group of artists (most famously Johnny Ventura) incorporated American R&B and rock and roll influences, along with Cuban salsa music. The instrumentation changed, with accordion replaced with electric guitars or synthesizers, or occasionally sampled, and the saxophone's role totally redefined. In spite of the changes, merengue remained the most popular form of music in the Dominican Republic. Ventura, for example, was so adulated that he became a massively popular and influential politician on his return from a time in the United States, and was seen as a national symbol.
The 1980s saw increasing Dominican emigration to Europe and the United States, especially to New York City and Miami. Merengue came with them, bringing images of glitzy pop singers and idols. At the same time, Juan Luis Guerra slowed down the merengue rhythm, and added more lyrical depth and entrenched social commentary. He also incorporated bachata and Western musical influences with albums like 1990's critically acclaimed Bachata Rosa.
Música Congos del Espíritu Santo[edit]
Congo Music of the Holy Spirit can be heard in the village of Villa Mella. This music is highly African in origin and associated with the Afro-Christian sect. It is basically tambores / drum music. The drums are all different sizes from very large to the smallest drum known as Alcahuete. Other instruments used are the maracas, canoas or sticks. This music has maintained its original form and is still sung in call and response, one person sings out a line and all others reply in song also.
Salves[edit]
Salve is a call-and-response type of singing that uses güira, panderos, at yales and other African instruments. Salves are highly ceremonial and are used in pilgrimages and at parties dedicated to voodoo saints. Salve is a ritual inspired by religion and music with roots in both African and Hispanic cultures.[1] Salve is related to palo that is played in a lot of the same contexts and rhythm, but with different instruments. The name comes from the Salve Regina, a catholic psalm, and many still sing a sacred, a cappella salve that preserves the medieval modes of old Spanish hymns. The ecstatic salve played at religious parties however, is all about percussion – featuring large numbers of tambourines playing interlocking rhythms and a melodic drum called the balsie, whose player alters the pitch by applying pressure with his foot. Salve may be played in fewer parts of the country but it’s one of the best-known sounds, largely because it’s the sound of choice in Villa Mella, a poor suburb of the capital often thought of as the epicenter of Afro-Dominican traditions. The salve group of Enerolisa Nuñez, from Villa Mella, is one of the most widely listened to - thanks to her inclusion in merengue-star Kinito Méndez's salve-merengue fusion album A Palo Limpio as well as an excellent recording of her group by the Bayahonda Cultural Foundation.
Palo[edit]
Main article: Palo music
Palo, also known as Atabales is a Dominican sacred music that can be found throughout the island. The drum and human voice are the principal instruments. Palo is played at religious ceremonies - usually coinciding with saint's days - as well as for secular parties and special occasions. Its roots are in the Congo region of central-west Africa, but it is mixed with European influences in the melodies. Palos are related to Dominican folk Catholicism, which includes a pantheon of deities/saints (here termed misterios) much like those found in the Afro-American syncretic religious traditions of Cuba, Brazil, Haiti, and elsewhere. Palos are usually associated with the lower class, black and mixed populations. They can be seen in different regions of Dominican Republic, but with variations.
Palo music is played on long drums termed palos.The word palos means trees, and therefore all Dominican palos drums are instruments made from hollowed out logs. The head of the drum is made of cowhide and it is attached to the log portion with hoops and pegs in the Eastern region, or with nails in the Southwest. There is a master drum (palo mayor) which is the large, wide drum played with slimmer drums (alcahuetes) alongside: two in the East or three elsewhere. Palos are usually played with guiras, which are metal scrapers. They may also be played with maracas, or a little stick used to hit the master drum, called the catá. The Dominican region in which the palos are played determines the form, the number of the instruments, and how they are played.
Palos are associated with the Afro- Dominican brotherhoods called cofradías. Originally, the brotherhoods were composed solely of males. As time progressed, females and family inheritance maintained the brotherhoods’ sanctity. Each brotherhood is devoted to a particular saint. Therefore, it is the responsibility of the brotherhood is to honor the saint with a festival. Historically, cofradías were established on principals similar to those of the Mediterranean guild-based societies and those founded by Africans that inhabited southern Spain. Through colonization and the slave trade, these traditions were brought to the Dominican Republic. However, the cofradías are not limited to the Dominican Republic, they are found in other parts of the Americas as well, where they may be adapted to Native-American folk Catholicism, particularly in Mexico and Central America.
Palo music is generally played at festivals honoring saints (velaciones) or during other religious events. The configuration of instruments present depends on the region in which these events take place. Palo drums are played with the hands, held between the legs, and tied to the palero's waist by a rope. The three paleros each play a distinct beat on their palos, which ultimately blend together. These rhythms vary depending on the region as well. For example, in the East, the "palo corrido" rhythm is popular, while in San Cristóbal, one may be more likely to find the "palo abajo" rhythm. While they play their drums, one of the paleros simultaneously sings verses of a song. The surrounding audience often invokes spirits of ancestors or saints, and it is not unusual to encounter participants becoming possessed at these events.
Bachata[edit]
Main article: Bachata (music)
Bachata is a style of music that inhabitants of shantytowns call their own to own, meaning they call it theirs before anyone else gets it. Though this may seem like a negative connotation, one should remember that bachata has been widely accepted through many, though not all, classes of Dominican society. Bachata evolved from bolero, a Pan-American style said to have originated in Cuba. The guitars (lead, rhythm, and bass) are the principal instruments in bachata. They are accompanied by the bongo and güira (which has replaced the maracas).
The Dominican bourgeoisie at first dismissed bachata as worthless and it was therefore given the name bachata, meaning a rowdy lower-class fiesta (party). Until fairly recently, bachata was informally banned from Dominican radio and television. Despite this, bachata flourished and has now gained wide acceptance, not only in the Dominican Republic, but worldwide. One of the most popular bands making bachata music was the former band Aventura, which split in 2011.
Popular music[edit]
Dominican rock[edit]
Main article: Dominican rock
Dominican rock is also popular among younger and older crowds of the Dominican Republic. Dominican rock is influenced by British and American rock, but also has its own sense of unique style. The rock scene in the Dominican Republic has been very vibrant in recent years, spanning many genres of rock such as pop rock, reggae/rock, punk, metal. Dominican rock had started its scene in the early 1980s, when Luis Días & Transporte Urbano, (who is considered to be the father of Dominican rock), came onto the scene and created this genre. Since then, there have been hundreds of Dominican rock bands, with the most successful being Toque Profundo, Tabu Tek, Al-Jadaqui Tribu del Sol, Top 40, TKR, Poket, La Siembra, La Reforma and others. Rita Indiana y los Misterios are a musical group known for their blend of traditional merengue music with rock. Bocatabu, Dronk, Futuros Divorciados and 42-01 are new Dominican rock groups who are also on the rise.
There are also several underground Metal concerts occurring occasionally mainly in the cities of Santo Domingo and Santiago, where teenagers and young adults usually not satisfied with the other genres express themselves.
Hip hop[edit]
Main articles: Hip hop, Latin rap, Latin trap, and Dominican hip hop
Hip hop is a cultural movement developed in New York City in the 1970s primarily by African Americans and Afro-Latinos. Since first emerging in The Bronx and Harlem, the lifestyle of hip hop culture has today spread around the world. One of the places hip hop spread to was the Dominican Republic. The four historic elements of hip hop are: MCing (rapping), DJing, urban inspired art/tagging (graffiti), and b-boying (or breakdancing). The most known extended elements are beatboxing, hip hop fashion, and hip hop slang. All these elements have been carried on into the Dominican Republic since the mid 80s by young immigrants who returned to their mother land, usually from Puerto Rico, New York, Boston and Florida. Dominican hip hop started to gain national popularity in the years 2006 and 2007.[citation needed]
Reggaeton[edit]
Main articles: Reggaeton and Dembow
Reggaeton came to the Dominican Republic from Puerto Rico in the 90's. Dominican reggaeton is called by its original name dem-bow. Dominican dem-bow uses old reggae and reggaeton beats from mainly Jamaica, Panama, and Puerto Rico. The dem-bow is utiliz making the dem-dow rhythm faster and louder. Artists playing reggaeton include Don Miguelo, Engel Garcia, La Fabrica, , Juancho, Chimbala, El ALfa, and Reychesta of Tres Coronas, El Lapiz, Mozart La Para.[citation needed]
Art music[edit]
Jazz[edit]
The most renowned exponent is Michel Camilo.
Classical music[edit]
Conservatorio Nacional de Música is the academy of music of the Dominican Republic. It was founded by José de Jesús Ravelo (Don Chuchú), one of the main Dominican composers.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Kanellos, Nicolás (1993). Handbook of Hispanic Culture-Literature. Houston, Texas: Arte Publico Press. p. 305. ISBN 9781611921632.
Bibliography[edit]
Larrazábal Blanco, Carlos. 1967. "Los negros y la esclavitud en Santo Domingo". Santo Domingo: Postigo. Colección "Pensamiento Dominicano," No. 35.
Davis, Martha Ellen. "Afro-Dominican Religious Brotherhoods: Structure, Ritual, and Music." 1976. Ph.D. dissertation in anthropology, University of Illinois
Díaz Díaz, Edgardo. 2008. “Danza antillana, conjuntos militares, nacionalismo musical e identidad dominicana: retomando los pasos perdidos del merengue.” Latin American Music Review 29(2): 229–259.
Manuel, Peter, Kenneth M. Bilby, and Michael D. Largey. Caribbean Currents: Caribbean Music from Rumba to Reggae. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1995.
Harvey, Sean and Sue Steward. "Merengue Attacks". 2000. In Broughton, Simon and Ellingham, Mark with McConnachie, James and Duane, Orla (Ed.), World Music, Vol. 2: Latin & North America, Caribbean, India, Asia and Pacific, pp 414–420. Rough Guides Ltd, Penguin Books. ISBN 1-85828-636-0
External links[edit]
Dominican Republic portal
Latin music portal
www.iasorecords.com - Dominican Music, articles, music & video clips - bachata, merengue, Afro-Dominican, and more.
www.BachataRadio.com - Bachata, Merengue y mas! Musica en Demanda y en Vivo, Listen to the Music of the Dominican Republic.
All about Merengue Típico / Perico Ripiao
Popular Afro-Dominican Group in the United States
[show]
v
t
e
Dominican Republic articles
History
Cacicazgo
Santo Domingo
Colonial governors
Slave trade
Maroons
Era de Francia
Spanish Haiti
Spanish reconquest
España Boba
Unification of Hispaniola
La Trinitaria
War of Independence
Dominican Restoration War
U.S. occupation 1916–24
Trujillo Era (Rafael and Héctor Trujillo)
Parsley Massacre
Dominican Civil War
Geography
Cities
Ciudad Colonial
Hispaniola
Islands
Mountains
Municipalities
Protected areas
Provinces
Regions
Rivers
Wildlife
Politics
Cabinet
Congress
Senate
Chamber of Deputies
Constitution
Elections
Foreign relations
Human rights
LGBT
Law
enforcement
Military
Politics
Political parties
President
Economy
Peso (currency)
Banks
Central Bank
Companies
Energy
Telecommunications
Tourism
Transport
Society
Crime
Demographics
Education
Health
Language
Religion
Water and sanitation
Culture
Anthem
Cinema
Coat of arms
Cuisine
Flag
Literature
Music
People
Sports
Outline
Index
Category
Portal
[show]
v
t
e
Music of the Americas
North America
South America
Sovereign states
Antigua and Barbuda
Argentina
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Bolivia
Brazil
Canada
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Guyana
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Suriname
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Uruguay
Venezuela
Dependencies and
other territories
Anguilla
Aruba
Bermuda
Bonaire
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Curaçao
Falkland Islands
French Guiana
Greenland
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Martin
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saba
Sint Eustatius
Sint Maarten
South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands
Turks and Caicos Islands
US Virgin Islands
[show]
v
t
e
Music of North America
Sovereign states
Antigua and Barbuda
Bahamas
Barbados
Belize
Canada
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominica
Dominican Republic
El Salvador
Grenada
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Jamaica
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Saint Kitts and Nevis
Saint Lucia
Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
Trinidad and Tobago
United States
Dependencies and
other territories
Anguilla
Aruba
Bermuda
Bonaire
British Virgin Islands
Cayman Islands
Curaçao
Greenland
Guadeloupe
Martinique
Montserrat
Puerto Rico
Saint Barthélemy
Saint Martin
Saint Pierre and Miquelon
Saba
Sint Eustatius
Sint Maarten
Turks and Caicos Islands
United States Virgin Islands
[show]
v
t
e
Music of the Caribbean
Bahamas
Bermuda
Cayman Islands
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Haiti
Jamaica
Lesser Antilles
Puerto Rico
Turks and Caicos Islands
[show]
v
t
e
Music of Latin America
Argentina
Bolivia
Brazil
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
French Guiana
Guadeloupe
Guatemala
Haiti
Honduras
Martinique
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
United States: Tejano
Uruguay
Venezuela
Andean
Central America
Category
WikiProject
[show]
v
t
e
Hispanophone music
Argentina
Bolivia
Chile
Colombia
Costa Rica
Cuba
Dominican Republic
Ecuador
El Salvador
Equatorial Guinea
Guatemala
Honduras
Mexico
Nicaragua
Panama
Paraguay
Peru
Puerto Rico
Spain
Uruguay
Venezuela
Western Sahara
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic&oldid=815909335"
Categories:
Dominican Republic music
Caribbean music genres
Hidden categories:
Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2010
All articles lacking in-text citations
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015
Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Español
Edit links
This page was last edited on 18 December 2017, at 00:19.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: td

attrs: href title

value: b

values: Wikipedia:WikiProject Fact and Reference Check

value: i

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-More_footnotes

values:
/wiki/Dominican_Carnival
mw-redirect
Dominican Carnival

values:
/wiki/Quisqueyanos_Valientes
mw-redirect
Quisqueyanos Valientes

values: Music of the former Netherlands Antilles

values:
/wiki/Music_of_Bonaire
mw-redirect
Music of Bonaire

values: Music of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

values: Template:Music of the Dominican Republic

values: Template talk:Music of the Dominican Republic

values:
infobox hlist
width:22em;background-color: white

values:
/wiki/European_music
mw-redirect
European music

values:
/wiki/Juan_F._Garc%C3%ADa
mw-redirect
Juan F. García

values:
/wiki/Merengue_t%C3%ADpico_cibae%C3%B1o
mw-redirect
Merengue típico cibaeño

values: Edit section: Música Congos del Espíritu Santo

values:
/wiki/Dominican_hip_hop
mw-redirect
Dominican hip hop

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2015)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2010)

values: José de Jesús Ravelo (page does not exist)

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.BachataRadio.com

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.merengue-ripiao.com

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.palomonte.org

values: List of colonial governors of Santo Domingo

values: United States occupation of the Dominican Republic (1916–24)

values:
/wiki/Parsley_Massacre
mw-redirect
Parsley Massacre

values: Coat of arms of the Dominican Republic.svg

values:
navbox-image
5
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: List of cities in the Dominican Republic

values: List of islands of the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/Mountain_peaks_of_the_Caribbean
mw-redirect
Mountain peaks of the Caribbean

values: List of municipalities of the Dominican Republic

values: List of national parks of the Dominican Republic

values: Geographic Regions of the Dominican Republic

values: List of rivers of the Dominican Republic

values: Category:Fauna of the Dominican Republic

values: Chamber of Deputies (Dominican Republic)

values: Foreign relations of the Dominican Republic

values: Category:Human rights in the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/Dominican_National_Police
mw-redirect
Dominican National Police

values: List of political parties in the Dominican Republic

values: List of Presidents of the Dominican Republic

values: List of companies of the Dominican Republic

values: Electricity sector in the Dominican Republic

values: Telecommunications in the Dominican Republic

values: Category:Health in the Dominican Republic

values: Water supply and sanitation in the Dominican Republic

values: National Anthem of the Dominican Republic

values:
/wiki/Sports_in_the_Dominican_Republic
mw-redirect
Sports in the Dominican Republic

values: Index of Dominican Republic-related articles

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Music of North America (page does not exist)

values: Music of South America (page does not exist)

values:
navbox-image
2
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values:
/wiki/Territory_(subdivision)
mw-redirect
Territory (subdivision)

values:
/wiki/Music_of_Aruba
mw-redirect
Music of Aruba

values:
/wiki/Music_of_the_Falkland_Islands
mw-redirect
Music of the Falkland Islands

values: Music of Saint Barthélemy (page does not exist)

values: Music of Saint Martin (France) (page does not exist)

values: Music of Saint Pierre and Miquelon (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Music_of_Saba
mw-redirect
Music of Saba

values:
/wiki/Music_of_Sint_Eustatius
mw-redirect
Music of Sint Eustatius

values:
/wiki/Music_of_Sint_Maarten
mw-redirect
Music of Sint Maarten

values: Music of South Georgia and the South Sandwich Islands (page does not exist)

values: Music of the United States Virgin Islands

values: Music of the Collectivity of Saint Martin (page does not exist)

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Latin American music in the United States

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Category:Articles lacking in-text citations from April 2010

values: Category:All articles lacking in-text citations

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2015

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from September 2010

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: Música de la República Dominicana – Spanish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic rootpage-Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic skin-vector action-view


text:
Pokémon: The First Movie
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Pokémon: The First Movie
Japanese film poster
Japanese
劇場版ポケットモンスター ミュウツーの逆襲
Hepburn
Gekijōban Poketto Monsutā: Myūtsū no Gyakushū
Literally
Pocket Monsters the Movie: Mewtwo Strikes Back
Directed by
Kunihiko Yuyama
Produced by
Choji Yoshikawa
Tomoyuki Igarashi
Takemoto Mori
Written by
Takeshi Shudo
Starring
Rica Matsumoto
Ikue Ōtani
Mayumi Iizuka
Yūji Ueda
Satomi Kōrogi
Megumi Hayashibara
Shin-ichiro Miki
Inuko Inuyama
Masachika Ichimura
Kōichi Yamadera
Narrated by
Unshō Ishizuka
Music by
Shinji Miyazaki
Cinematography
Hisao Shirai
Edited by
Toshio Henmi
Yutaka Itō
Production
company
OLM
Nintendo
Distributed by
Toho
Release date
July 18, 1998 (1998-07-18) (Japan)
Running time
75 minutes
Country
Japan
Language
Japanese
Budget
¥3 billion
(US $30 million)
Box office
$163.6 million[1]
Pokémon: The First Movie: Mewtwo Strikes Back, commonly referred to as Pokémon: The First Movie, originally released as Pocket Monsters the Movie: Mewtwo Strikes Back (劇場版ポケットモンスター ミュウツーの逆襲, Gekijōban Poketto Monsutā: Myūtsū no Gyakushū), is a 1998 Japanese anime film[2] directed by Kunihiko Yuyama, the chief director of the Pokémon television series. It is the first theatrical release in the Pokémon franchise.
It was first released in Japan on July 18, 1998. On July 8, 1999, a Complete Version (完全版 kanzenban) of the film was aired in Japanese television. In addition to an added prologue, the updated version included new animation and CGI graphics.[3] The English-language adaptation, produced by Nintendo and 4Kids Entertainment and licensed by Warner Bros., was released in North America on November 10, 1999.
The film primarily consists of three segments: Pikachu's Vacation, a 21-minute feature focusing on the series mascot Pikachu; Origin of Mewtwo, the 10-minute prologue added to the Complete Version of the film; and Mewtwo Strikes Back, the main 75-minute film feature. Overseas, the prologue can only be seen as a bonus short in DVD versions of Pokémon: Mewtwo Returns.
Although Pokémon was extremely popular when the film was released, the English-language version received negative reviews from film critics. Despite the reviews, it was a box office success worldwide, topping the box office charts in its opening weekend, and eventually grossing US$163.6 million worldwide.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
1.1 Pikachu's Vacation
1.2 Origin of Mewtwo
1.3 Mewtwo Strikes Back
2 Cast
3 Production
4 Marketing campaign
5 Release
5.1 Critical response
5.2 Box office
5.3 Home media
6 Soundtrack
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Pikachu's Vacation[edit]
The Pokémon of Ash Ketchum, Misty, and Brock are sent to spend a day at a theme park built for Pokémon. Pikachu, Togepi, Bulbasaur, and Squirtle cross paths with a group of bullies consisting of a Raichu, Cubone, Marill, and a Snubbull. The two groups compete against each other in sports, but it leads to Ash’s Charizard getting its head stuck in a pipe. Pikachu, his friends, and the bullies work together and successfully free Charizard and rebuild the park, spending the rest of the day playing before parting ways when their trainers return.
Origin of Mewtwo[edit]
Scientist Dr. Fuji is hired by Giovanni, leader of Team Rocket, to utilize his expertise in cloning in order to create a living weapon based on an eyelash from legendary Pokémon Mew. Fuji is revealed to be allying with Giovanni as a means to fund his side project: the resurrection of his deceased daughter Amber. In a laboratory, the weapon eventually gains sentience and is named Mewtwo. Mewtwo befriends the salvaged consciousness of Amber, named Ambertwo, as well as the clones of other Pokemon in the laboratory. However, Mewtwo is left deeply traumatized after Ambertwo and the rest of the clones decompose and die. In order to stabilize him, Fuji tranquilizes Mewtwo, causing him to forget the time he spent with his friends.
Mewtwo Strikes Back[edit]
After Mewtwo fully matures and awakens from a long slumber in a laboratory on New Island, he learns of his origin as Mew's clone from Dr. Fuji. Infuriated that Fuji and his colleagues see him as nothing more than an experiment, he unleashes his psychic powers and destroys the laboratory. Giovanni, witnessing the carnage afar, approaches and convinces Mewtwo to work with him to hone his powers. However, after Mewtwo learns of his purpose to be a weapon for Giovanni's benefit, he escapes back to New Island where he plots revenge against humanity.
After Mewtwo rebuilds the laboratory and establishes base there, he invites several trainers with hologram messages to battle the world's greatest Pokémon trainer at New Island. Ash, Misty, and Brock receive a message and accept the invitation, but when they arrive at the port city, Old Shore Wharf, Mewtwo creates a storm, causing the boats on the wharf to be closed off for safety. As a result, Ash's group are picked up by Team Rocket disguised as Vikings on a boat. After the storm sinks their vessel in the middle of the ocean, and Ash and his friends use their Pokémon instead to reach New Island.
Escorted into the island's palace by the woman who appeared on the hologram, Ash and the other trainers who were able to reach the island encounter Mewtwo. The woman is revealed to be a brainwashed Nurse Joy after she is released from Mewtwo's mind control. After describing his plot to use the storm to wipe out humanity and Pokémon loyal to humans, Mewtwo challenges the trainers using cloned Pokémon coincidentally modeled after the deceased friends from his childhood. Meanwhile, Team Rocket also reach New Island and explore its inner sanctum with a Mew innocuously following them. After Mewtwo's clones effortlessly defeat the challengers' Pokémon, he confiscates them and expands his clone army. Ash chases after his captured Pikachu down the cloning lab, where Team Rocket's Meowth is also cloned. Ash destroys the cloning machine, frees the captured Pokémon, and leads them to confront Mewtwo and his clones. Mew then reveals itself and Mewtwo challenges it in order to prove his superiority.
All of the Pokémon originals battle their clones save for a defiant Pikachu and Meowth, who makes peace with his own clone after realizing the senselessness of their fighting. Horrified at the pain and anguish felt on both sides of the battle, Ash puts himself in between a psychic blast caused by Mewtwo and Mew's fighting, leading to Ash to become petrified. Pikachu tries to revive Ash with his thunderbolt but it fails. However, the tears of the Pokémon, as per a legend mentioned earlier in the movie, are able to heal and revive Ash. Moved by Ash's sacrifice, Mewtwo realizes that he should not have to be judged by his origins but rather his choices in life. Departing with Mew and the clones, Mewtwo erases everyone's memories of the event.
Ash, Misty, and Brock find themselves back in Old Shore Wharf unsure how they got there. The storm outside clears up, Ash spotting Mew flying through the clouds and tells his friends of how he saw another legendary Pokémon the day he left Pallet Town. Meanwhile, Team Rocket find themselves stranded on New Island but enjoy their time there.
Cast[edit]
Main article: List of characters in the Pokémon anime series
Character name
Japanese voice actor
English voice actor
Ash Ketchum (Satoshi) Rica Matsumoto Veronica Taylor
Pikachu Ikue Ōtani
Misty (Kasumi) Mayumi Iizuka Rachael Lillis
Brock (Takeshi) Yūji Ueda Eric Stuart
Narrator Unshō Ishizuka Ken Gates
Togepi Satomi Kōrogi
Jessie (Musashi) Megumi Hayashibara Rachael Lillis
James (Kojirō) Shin-ichiro Miki Eric Stuart
Meowth (Nyarth) Inuko Inuyama Maddie Blaustein
Bulbasaur (Fushigidane) Megumi Hayashibara Tara Jayne
Charizard (Lizardon) Shin-ichiro Miki
Squirtle (Zenigame) Rikako Aikawa Eric Stuart
Fergus (Umio) Wataru Takagi Jimmy Zoppi
Corey (Sorao) Tōru Furuya Ed Paul
Neesha (Sweet) Aiko Satō Lisa Ortiz
Miranda (Voyager) Sachiko Kobayashi Kayzie Rogers
Pirate Trainer Raymond Johnson Maddie Blaustein
Mewtwo Masachika Ichimura
Fujiko Takimoto (young; radio drama)
Showtaro Morikubo (young; anime) Philip Bartlett
Mew Kōichi Yamadera
Giovanni (Sakaki) Hirotaka Suzuoki Ed Paul
Officer Jenny (Junsar) Chinami Nishimura Lee Quick
Nurse Joy (Joi) Ayako Shiraishi Megan Hollingshead
Dr. Fuji Yōsuke Akimoto Philip Bartlett
Ambertwo (Aitwo) Kyōko Hikami Kerry Williams
Characters that appear only in the radio drama
Character name
Japanese voice actor
Doctor Fuji's wife Shinobu Adachi
Scientists Katsuyuki Konishi
Chiyako Shibahara
Investigators Shinpachi Tsuji
Tomohisa Asō
Researchers Hidenari Ugaki
Takuma Suzuki
Akio Suyama
Madame Boss Hiromi Tsuru
Miyamoto Yumi Tōma
Production[edit]
Kunihiko Yuyama directed the original Japanese version of the film, while Choji Yoshikawa and Takeshi Shudo served as producer and script writer respectively. Shudo explained in his blog that Mewtwo being torn over his life purpose reflects the film's theme of existentialism. In the Japanese script, for instance, the moment Mewtwo realizes he has a right to be in the world just as much as any other living creature represents the central message of accepting one's existence.[4][5] According to Shudo, certain episodes in the anime were intended to tie-in with the movie prior to its release in Japan and provide background behind the events in the film. However, the controversy surrounding the Dennō Senshi Porygon episode delayed the tie-in episodes, causing Shudo to expand the beginning of the movie and, thus, the length of the film.[6]
Norman J. Grossfeld, former president of 4Kids Productions, served as the film's producer for the English-language North American version. Grossfeld, Michael Haigney, and John Touhey wrote the English adaptation, and Haigney served as the English version's voice director.[7] The English script was heavily edited from the original Japanese one; along with various content edits, Mewtwo was portrayed more maliciously because Grossfeld felt American audiences needed to see a "clearly evil" villain rather than a morally ambiguous one. As such, the existentialist themes seen in the Japanese version were significantly toned-down.[8]
The English version editors translated various Japanese texts, including those on signs and on buildings, into English. The Shogakukan Production Co. also altered various background from the original version of the film in order to enhance its presentation overseas.[9] In the English dub, three Pokémon are referred to by the wrong name. Pidgeot was called Pidgeotto, Scyther was called Alakazam, and Sandslash was called Sandshrew. 4Kids said that they decided to leave the Alakazam and Sandshrew errors when they noticed it as something for the children watching to notice and because they felt it was plausible in context that Team Rocket could make a mistake.[10]
Grossfeld also had new music re-recorded for the film's release, citing that it "would better reflect what American kids would respond to". John Loeffler of Rave Music produced the English-language music and composed the film score with Ralph Schuckett. Loeffler also collaborated with John Lissauer and Manny Corallo to produce the English-language "Pikachu's Vacation" score. Grossfeld also revealed that the English version of the film "combines the visual sense of the best Japanese animation with the musical sensibility of Western pop culture".[9][11][12]
Marketing campaign[edit]
Toshihiro Ono, author of Pokémon: The Electric Tale of Pikachu, created a manga version of the film. Asked by editors to draw Mewtwo's birth, he received the source material to base the manga off of in April 1998 and finished the manga in May. In July of that year, a five episode radio drama titled The Birth of Mewtwo was broadcast over the five Sundays leading up to the premiere of the movie in Japan. Written by Takeshi Shudo, the drama delves into Mewtwo’s origin prior to the start of the film. It also explores the leadership of Team Rocket under Madame Boss, Giovanni's mother, and the last known whereabouts of Miyamoto (ミヤモト), Jesse's mother. Due to its mature themes, it was never dubbed in English.[4][13] The drama eventually served the basis for the Origin of Mewtwo prologue that would appear in the Complete Version of the film.[3] Since the drama was conceived a few months after the manga, the events depicted in the drama do not match up with the events portrayed in the manga. Ono has even stated that "there's not much connection between the manga and the movie".[14]
In the United States, the first trailer was released in August 1999 and was shown before The Iron Giant and Mystery Men. The second trailer was released in the fall of 1999 and was attached to The Bachelor. In addition, select theaters gave away exclusive Pokémon trading cards, to capitalize on the success of the trading card game. The cards featured likenesses of Electabuzz, Pikachu, Mewtwo, and Dragonite, and were dispensed in random order for each week it was in that particular theater. The subsequent releases of Pokémon: The Movie 2000 and Pokémon 3: The Movie featured a similar marketing campaign. For the 2000 home video release of The First Movie, a limited edition Mewtwo card (different from that used for the theatrical release) was packaged with the video.
Release[edit]
The Japanese version of the film was first released by Toho on July 18, 1998. That following year, the English-dub of film was produced by 4Kids Entertainment and released by Warner Bros. under the Kids' WB banner in the United States on November 10, 1999. The film was theatrically re-released exclusively at Cinemark Theatres in the United States on October 29 and November 1, 2016. The re-release included the Pikachu's Vacation short film from the original release and was intended to commemorate Pokémon's 20th anniversary.[15][16][17] For TV syndication, the movie was digitally remastered for high definition and aired in TV Tokyo, as well as in other stations, beginning May 3, 2013.[18][19] The remastered version also aired in Cartoon Network in the United States on January 4, 2014.[20]
Critical response[edit]
The review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes gave the film's English adaptation a 14% approval rating based on 79 reviews, with the consensus being: "Audiences other than children will find very little to entertain them".[21] On Metacritic, the film has a weighted average score of 35 out of 100 based on 25 reviews, meaning "generally unfavorable reviews".[22]
Anime News Network review called the main feature "contradictory", stating that "the anti-violent message that is pretty much crammed down our throats works directly against the entire point of the franchise" and criticized Pikachu's Summer Vacation for being "incoherent, pointless and fluffy".[23] Patrick Butters, of The Washington Times, accused Pokémon: The First Movie of taking ideas from other films such as Star Wars and being "just another cog in the mighty Nintendo machine".[24] Michael Wood, of England's Coventry Evening Telegraph said that Pikachu's Summer Vacation "can only be described as a mind-numbingly tedious piece, with no discernible storyline and lots of trippy images and silly voices". Wood did note that the main feature had a "mildly intriguing premise", but said that the rest of the film "was like a martial arts movie without the thrills".[25]
Reviews of the Japanese version have generally been more positive, and the film has been called a masterpiece by reviewers due to its emotional impact and exploration of ethical topics such as cloning and genetic modification. However, the philosophical themes were criticized being difficult to pick up on due to their complex presentation, especially for a film aimed at children.[26][27][28]
Box office[edit]
In the U.S. box office, Pokémon: The First Movie was an instant commercial success, debuting at number one and earning $10.1 million on its Wednesday opening day. During its first weekend, it grossed $31 million and went on to generate a total of $50.8 million since its Wednesday launch in 3,043 theaters, averaging to about $10,199 per venue over the three-day span. It also held the record for being the animated feature with the highest opening weekend in November, which would be broken two weeks later by Toy Story 2. Despite a 59.72% drop in its second weekend to $12.5 million, the film made $67.4 million within 12 days. It closed on February 27, 2000, earning $85.7 million in North America, and $77.9 million in other territories. Worldwide, the film made $163.6 million, making it the highest-grossing anime film in the United States and the fourth highest-grossing animated film based on a television show worldwide.[29] It was also the highest-grossing film based on a video game at the time, until 2001's Lara Croft: Tomb Raider.[30] Commercially, Takeshi Shudo states the film fared better overall in the U.S. than it did in its home country.[4]
Home media[edit]
The film was included in the Blu-ray compilation titled Pikachu Movie Premium 1998-2010 in Japan on November 28, 2012.[citation needed]
Viz Media has announced that a limited edition Blu-ray Steelbook containing the first three Pokémon films will be released on February 9, 2016, along with single releases on DVD (These are: Pokémon: The First Movie, Pokémon: The Movie 2000 and Pokémon 3: The Movie). In accommodation with the 20th anniversary of the Pokémon franchise, a digitally remastered version of the film was released on iTunes, Amazon and Google Play on February 27, 2016.
Soundtrack[edit]
Main article: Pokémon: The First Movie (soundtrack)
Pokémon: The First Movie Music From and Inspired by the Motion Picture is the soundtrack to the first Pokémon film in the United States, It was released on November 10, 1999, on Compact Disc and Compact Cassette. "Don't Say You Love Me" by M2M was released as a single from the album.[31]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Pokemon: The First Movie". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 18, 2015.
Jump up ^ McCarthy, Helen (2008). 500 essential Anime Movies. Collins Design. ISBN 978-0-06-147450-7.
^ Jump up to: a b "Mewtwo Strikes Back: The Kanzenban". Retrieved 29 September 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c Takeshi Shudo. "WEB Animation Magazine: 第183回　『ミュウツーの逆襲』疲れました。" (in Japanese). STYLE CO,.LTD. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ YouChew. "Why 'Pokémon: Mewtwo Strikes Back' Is Much Better Than We Thought". Retrieved September 30, 2017.
Jump up ^ Takeshi Shudo. "WEB Animation Magazine: 第167回　ポケモン事件前までの『ミュウツーの逆襲』" (in Japanese). STYLE CO,.LTD. Retrieved September 29, 2017.
Jump up ^ "The Making of Pokémon". Pokémon: The First Movie official website. Warner Bros. 1999. Archived from the original on October 4, 2010. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
Jump up ^ Tobin, Joseph Jay (2004). Pikachu's Global Adventure: The Rise and Fall of Pokémon. Duke University Press. p. 39. ISBN 0-8223-3287-6.
^ Jump up to: a b "About the Phenomenon". Pokémon: The First Movie official website. Warner Bros. 1999. Archived from the original on October 4, 2010. Retrieved October 16, 2008.
Jump up ^ Pokémon: The First Movie DVD Audio Commentary
Jump up ^ "Pokemon Live-Action Movie a Go at Legendary". Variety. July 20, 2016. Retrieved August 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Will the Return of Pokémania Bring Us a Pokémon Movie?". Retrieved August 21, 2016.
Jump up ^ "THE BIRTH OF MEWTWO CD DRAMA". Retrieved 29 September 2017.
Jump up ^ ""Animerica Interview Toshihiro Ono."". Archived from the original on May 10, 2000. Retrieved 2009-08-05. VIZ Media. May 10, 2000. Retrieved on May 31, 2009.
Jump up ^ "Pokemon: The First Movie Coming Back to Theaters for Two Days". Comicbook.com. Retrieved November 16, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Watch Pokémon: The First Movie On The Big Screen!". pokemon.com. October 17, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Watch Pokémon: The First Movie On The Big Screen!". pokemon.com. October 17, 2016. Retrieved October 31, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Pokémon Film "Mewtwo Strikes Back" to Get Complete HD Remastering!". otakumode.com. May 10, 2013. Retrieved October 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "劇場版ポケモン「ミュウツーの逆襲」完全版がHDリマスターに　5月3日テレビ東京他で初放送". animeanime.jp. Retrieved October 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Pokémon The First Movie - Mewtwo Strikes Back Special Event!". Retrieved October 9, 2013.
Jump up ^ "Pokémon the First Movie - Mewtwo vs. Mew (1999)". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Pokémon: The First Movie - Mewtwo Strikes Back! reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved October 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Pokémon: The First Movie DVD -Review-". Anime News Network. Retrieved October 25, 2008.
Jump up ^ Butters, Patrick. "Lame Script, Wooden Characters Make Pokémon a Joke, Man; The Washington Times. November 10, 1999. pg 5.
Jump up ^ Michael Wood, "Cinema: Okay Pokey; Go2," Coventry Evening Telegraph (England) April 14, 2000.
Jump up ^ "「劇場版ポケットモンスター ミュウツーの逆襲」のレビュー感想/評価". anikore.jp. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "劇場版　ポケットモンスター　ミュウツーの逆襲". Eiga. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "劇場版ポケットモンスター／ミュウツーの逆襲". Yahoo Japan: Movies. Yahoo Japan. Retrieved 30 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "Pokémon: The First Movie (1999)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved June 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Video Game Adaptation Movies at the Box Office - Box Office Mojo". Box Office Mojo - Video Game Adaptation. Retrieved February 26, 2012.
Jump up ^ Arnesen, Jon (February 5, 2000). "M2M make their name via Atlantic". Music & Media. 17 (6): 3.
External links[edit]
Pokémon portal
Film portal
Pokémon: The First Movie on IMDb
Pokémon: The First Movie at AllMovie
Pokémon: The First Movie at Anime News Network's encyclopedia
Pokémon: The First Movie at Rotten Tomatoes
Pokémon: The First Movie at Box Office Mojo
[show]
v
t
e
Pokémon
Nintendo
Game Freak
Satoshi Tajiri
Ken Sugimori
Junichi Masuda
Creatures Inc.
The Pokémon Company
Video games
(Video games list)
Main series
Red & Blue
Yellow
Gold & Silver (Crystal)
Ruby & Sapphire
Emerald
Diamond & Pearl
Platinum
Black & White
Black 2 & White 2
X & Y
Sun & Moon
Ultra Sun & Ultra Moon
Remakes
FireRed & LeafGreen
HeartGold & SoulSilver
Omega Ruby & Alpha Sapphire
Console games
Snap
Stadium
Stadium 2
Colosseum
XD: Gale of Darkness
Battle Revolution
Pokkén Tournament
Other
Go
Mystery Dungeon
TCG Online
Shuffle
Duel
Television series
(seasons 1–13,
14–current)
Original
Indigo League
"Pokémon, I Choose You!"
Adventures on the Orange Islands
The Johto Journeys
Johto League Champions
Master Quest
Advanced Generation
Advanced
Advanced Challenge
Advanced Battle
Battle Frontier
Diamond and Pearl
Diamond and Pearl
DP: Battle Dimension
DP: Galactic Battles
DP: Sinnoh League Victors
Best Wishes
Black & White
BW: Rival Destinies
BW: Adventures in Unova
BW: Adventures in Unova and Beyond
XY
XY
Kalos Quest
XY & Z
Sun and Moon
Sun and Moon
Specials
Mewtwo Returns
Chronicles
The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon
Origins
Generations
Films
Original
The First Movie
2000
3
4Ever
Heroes
Advanced Generation
Jirachi Wish Maker
Destiny Deoxys
Lucario and the Mystery of Mew
Pokémon Ranger and the Temple of the Sea
Diamond and Pearl
The Rise of Darkrai
Giratina and the Sky Warrior
Arceus and the Jewel of Life
Zoroark: Master of Illusions
Best Wishes
Black—Victini and Reshiram & White—Victini and Zekrom
Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice
Genesect and the Legend Awakened
XY
Diancie and the Cocoon of Destruction
Hoopa and the Clash of Ages
Volcanion and the Mechanical Marvel
Sun and Moon / Reboot series
I Choose You!
Manga series
(volume list)
Pocket Monsters
Pokémon Adventures
Magical Pokémon Journey
The Electric Tale of Pikachu
Battle Frontier
Ginji's Rescue Team
Pokémon Diamond and Pearl Adventure!
Pocket Monsters RéBURST
Pokémon Black and White
Characters
TV series
Ash Ketchum
Pikachu
Brock
Misty
Team Rocket
Meowth
Others
Pokémon Adventures
Pokémon species
Controversies
Burger King recall
Black and Blue
Controversial episodes
"Dennō Senshi Porygon"
Fandom
Pokémon Apokélypse
Pokémon Sage
Pokémon Uranium
Twitch Plays Pokémon
Other
Gameplay of Pokémon
Pikachu (sculpture)
Pokémon Live!
Trading Card Game
Trading Figure Game
Universe
Theme songs
"Pokémon Theme"
Lavender Town
Play! Pokémon
Poképark
Pokémon: Tenth Anniversary
Pokémon Junior
Super Smash Bros.
Pokémon: Symphonic Evolutions
"Gotta Catch 'Em All"
World Championships
2014
2015
2016
Book
Category
Portal
[show]
v
t
e
Animation Kobe Theatrical Film Award
1996–present
Ghost in the Shell (1996)
Princess Mononoke (1997)
Pokémon: The First Movie (1998)
Cardcaptor Sakura: The Movie (1999)
Cardcaptor Sakura Movie 2: The Sealed Card (2000)
Spirited Away (2001)
The Cat Returns (2002)
Millennium Actress (2003)
Ghost in the Shell 2: Innocence (2004)
Zeta Gundam A New Translation: Heirs to the Stars (2005)
The Girl Who Leapt Through Time (2006)
Paprika (2007)
Evangelion: 1.0 You Are (Not) Alone (2008)
WALL-E (2009)
The Disappearance of Haruhi Suzumiya (2010)
Macross Frontier: Sayonara no Tsubasa (2011)
K-On! The Movie (2012)
The Garden of Words (2013)
Puella Magi Madoka Magica the Movie: Rebellion (2014)
Ghost in the Shell: The New Movie (2015)
[show]
v
t
e
Works by Oriental Light and Magic
Television series
Wedding Peach (1995–1996)
Mojacko (1995–1997)
Pokémon (1997–present)
Berserk (1997–1998)
Adventures of Mini-Goddess (1998–1999)
To Heart (1999)
Steel Angel Kurumi (1999–2000)
Pokémon: Mewtwo Returns (2000)
Comic Party (2001)
Steel Angel Kurumi 2 (2001)
Figure 17 (2001–2002)
Kasumin (2001–2003)
Piano: The Melody of a Young Girl's Heart (2002–2003)
Croket! (2003–2005)
Godannar (2003–2004)
Full-Blast Science Adventure – So That's How It Is (2003–2004)
Monkey Turn (2004)
Monkey Turn V (2004)
Agatha Christie's Great Detectives Poirot and Marple (2004–2005)
To Heart: Remember My Memories (2004)
Guyver: The Bioboosted Armor (2005–2006)
To Heart 2 (2005–2006)
Utawarerumono (2006)
Makai Senki Disgaea (2006)
Ray the Animation (2006)
Pokémon: The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon (2006)
Pokémon Chronicles (2006)
Super Robot Wars Original Generation: Divine Wars (2006–2007)
Gift: Eternal Rainbow (2006)
Deltora Quest (2007–2008)
Let's Go! Tamagotchi (2007–2008)
Inazuma Eleven (2008–2011)
Usaru-san (2009)
Tamagotchi! (2009–2012)
Hana Kappa (2010–present)
Little Battlers Experience (2011–2012)
Inazuma Eleven GO (2011–2012)
Little Battlers Experience W (2012–2013)
Inazuma Eleven GO: Chrono Stone (2012–2013)
Tamagotchi! Yume Kira Dream (2012–2013)
Little Battlers Experience Wars (2013)
Inazuma Eleven GO: Galaxy (2013–2014)
Pac-Man and the Ghostly Adventures (2013–2015)
Tamagotchi! Miracle Friends (2013–2014)
Pokémon Origins (2013)
Future Card Buddyfight (2014–2015)
Yo-kai Watch (2014–present)
GO-GO Tamagotchi! (2014–2015)
Dragon Collection (2014–2015)
Monster Retsuden Oreca Battle (2014–2015)
Omakase! Miracle Cat-dan (2015–2016)
Tamagotchi! Tama Tomo Daishū GO! (2015)
Future Card Buddyfight 100 (2015–2016)
Pikaia! (2015)
Kamisama Minarai: Himitsu no Cocotama (2015–present)
Future Card Buddyfight Triple D (2016–2017)
Age 12: A Little Heart-Pounding (2016)
Beyblade Burst (2016–2017)
Cardfight!! Vanguard G: NEXT (2016–2017)
BanG Dream! (2017)
Pikaia!! (2017)
Future Card Buddyfight X (2017–present)
Idol x Warrior Miracle Tunes! (2017–present)
Beyblade Burst Evolution (2017–present)
The Snack World (2017–present)
100% Pascal-sensei (2017–present)
PriPri Chi-chan!! (2017–present)
Atom: The Beginning (2017)
Tomica Hyper Rescue Drive Head Kidō Kyūkyū Keisatsu (2017–present)
Cardfight!! Vanguard G: Z (2017–present)
Pochitto Hatsumei: Pikachin-Kit (2018)
Shinkansen Henkei Robo Shinkalion the Animation (2018)
Films
Pokémon: The First Movie (1998)
Pokémon: The Movie 2000 (1999)
Pokémon 3: The Movie (2000)
Pokémon 4Ever (2001)
Pokémon Heroes (2002)
Pokémon: Jirachi Wish Maker (2003)
Pokémon: Destiny Deoxys (2004)
Blade of the Phantom Master (2004)
Pokémon: Lucario and the Mystery of Mew (2005)
Pokémon Ranger and the Temple of the Sea (2006)
Dōbutsu no Mori (2006)
Pokémon: The Rise of Darkrai (2007)
Tamagotchi: The Movie (2007)
Pokémon: Giratina and the Sky Warrior (2008)
Tamagotchi: Happiest Story in the Universe! (2008)
Pokémon: Arceus and the Jewel of Life (2009)
Professor Layton and the Eternal Diva (2009)
Pokémon: Zoroark: Master of Illusions (2010)
Inazuma Eleven: Saikyō Gundan Ōga Shūrai (2010)
Pokémon the Movie: Black—Victini and Reshiram and White—Victini and Zekrom (2011)
Inazuma Eleven GO: Kyūkyoku no Kizuna Gurifon (2011)
Pokémon the Movie: Kyurem vs. the Sword of Justice (2012)
Inazuma Eleven GO vs. Danbōru Senki W (2012)
Pokémon the Movie: Genesect and the Legend Awakened (2013)
Eiga Hana Kappa Hana-sake! Pakkaan Cho no Kuni no Daiboken (2013)
Inazuma Eleven: Chō Jigen Dream Match (2014)
Pokémon the Movie: Diancie and the Cocoon of Destruction (2014)
Yo-kai Watch: The Movie (2014)
Pokémon the Movie: Hoopa and the Clash of Ages (2015)
Yo-kai Watch: Enma Daiō to Itsutsu no Monogatari da Nyan! (2015)
Pokémon the Movie: Volcanion and the Mechanical Marvel (2016)
Rudolf the Black Cat (2016)
Cyborg 009: Call of Justice (2016)
Yo-kai Watch: Soratobu Kujira to Double no Sekai no Daibōken da Nyan! (2016)
Eiga Kamisama Minarai: Himitsu no Cocotama: Kiseki o Okose ♪ Tepple to Dokidoki Cocotama Kai (2017)
Eiga Tamagotchi: Himitsu no Otodoke Daisakusen! (2017)
Pokémon the Movie: I Choose You! (2017)
Yo-kai Watch Shadowside: Oni-ō no Fukkatsu (2017)
OVAs/ONAs
Makeruna! Makendō (1995)
Gunsmith Cats (1995–1996)
Power DoLLS (1996)
Wedding Peach DX (1996–1997)
Queen Emeraldas (1998)
High School Aurabuster (1999)
Steel Angel Kurumi Encore (2000)
Steel Angel Kurumi Zero (2001)
Early Reins (2003)
Gift: Eternal Rainbow (2007)
Bee and PuppyCat (2014–present)
Kong: King of the Apes (2016–present)
Pokémon Generations (2016)
Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pokémon:_The_First_Movie&oldid=819010009"
Categories:
1998 films
Japanese-language films
1990s adventure films
1998 anime films
1999 soundtracks
Atlantic Records soundtracks
Artificial uterus in fiction
Cloning in fiction
Fantasy-comedy films
Film soundtracks
Films directed by Kunihiko Yuyama
Genetic engineering in fiction
Japanese films
Japanese animated fantasy films
Japanese fantasy adventure films
Pokémon films
Pop soundtracks
Toho animated films
Hidden categories:
CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)
Use mdy dates from March 2017
Articles containing Japanese-language text
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikiquote
Languages
Български
Català
Ελληνικά
Español
Français
Galego
한국어
Bahasa Indonesia
Italiano
עברית
Magyar
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
Tiếng Việt
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 6 January 2018, at 21:59.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan class style

value: tr

attrs: href class

attrs: colspan style

value: span

attrs: class lang

values:
/wiki/4Kids_Entertainment
mw-redirect
4Kids Entertainment

values:
/wiki/Team_Rocket_(anime)
mw-redirect
Team Rocket (anime)

values:
/wiki/Legendary_Pok%C3%A9mon
mw-redirect
Legendary Pokémon

values:
/wiki/Inuko_Inuyama
mw-redirect
Inuko Inuyama

values:
/wiki/James_Carter_Cathcart
mw-redirect
James Carter Cathcart

values:
/wiki/Toho_Co.,_Ltd.
mw-redirect
Toho Co., Ltd.

values:
/wiki/Weighted_mean
mw-redirect
Weighted mean

values:
/wiki/Martial_arts_movie
mw-redirect
Martial arts movie

values:
/wiki/Genetic_modification
mw-redirect
Genetic modification

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2016)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Compact_Disc
mw-redirect
Compact Disc

values:
nofollow
http://eiga.com/movie/39402/
external text

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle

values: margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em;border:solid #aaa 1px

values:
nofollow
http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0190641/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.allmovie.com/movie/v181129

values: List of Pokémon episodes (seasons 14–current)

values: List of Pokémon: Adventures on the Orange Islands episodes

values: List of Pokémon: The Johto Journeys episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Johto League Champions episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Advanced Challenge episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Advanced Battle episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Battle Frontier episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Diamond and Pearl episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Diamond and Pearl: Battle Dimension episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Diamond and Pearl: Galactic Battles episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Diamond and Pearl: Sinnoh League Victors episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Black & White: Rival Destinies episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Black & White: Adventures in Unova episodes

values: List of Pokémon: Black & White: Adventures in Unova and Beyond episodes

values: List of Pokémon: XY: Kalos Quest episodes

values: Pokémon: The Mastermind of Mirage Pokémon

values: Pokémon Ranger and the Temple of the Sea

values: Pocket Monsters Emerald: Challenge! Battle Frontier

values: Pokémon Mystery Dungeon: Ginji's Rescue Team

values: List of Pokémon Black and White chapters

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Template:Animation Kobe Feature Film Award

values: Template talk:Animation Kobe Feature Film Award

values: Cardcaptor Sakura Movie 2: The Sealed Card

values: The Girl Who Leapt Through Time (2006 film)

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Piano: The Melody of a Young Girl's Heart

values: Tamagotchi: Happiest Story in the Universe!

values: Inazuma Eleven: Saikyō Gundan Ōga Shūrai

values: Inazuma Eleven GO: Kyūkyoku no Kizuna Gurifon

values: Yo-kai Watch Shadowside: Oni-ō no Fukkatsu

values: Category:Films directed by Kunihiko Yuyama

values: Category:Japanese animated fantasy films

values: Category:Japanese fantasy adventure films

values: Category:CS1 Japanese-language sources (ja)

values: Category:Articles containing Japanese-language text

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2016

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Pok%C3%A9mon:_The_First_Movie
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: Покемон: Първият филм – Bulgarian

values: Pokémon: Η Πρώτη Ταινία – Greek

values: Pokémon The Movie: Mewtwo Strikes Back – Spanish

values: Pokémon, le film : Mewtwo contre-attaque – French

values: 극장판 포켓몬스터: 뮤츠의 역습 – Korean

values: Pokémon il film - Mewtwo colpisce ancora – Italian

values: פוקימון: הסרט הראשון – Hebrew

values: Pokémon: Az első film – Mewtwo visszavág – Hungarian

values: Pokémon de film: Mewtwo tegen Mew – Dutch

values: 劇場版ポケットモンスター ミュウツーの逆襲 – Japanese

values: Покемон: Фильм первый – Russian

values: โปเกมอน เดอะมูฟวี่ ตอน ความแค้นของมิวทู – Thai

values: 神奇寶貝劇場版：超夢的逆襲 – Chinese

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Pokémon_The_First_Movie rootpage-Pokémon_The_First_Movie skin-vector action-view


text:
Pulmonary vein
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Pulmonary veins
Anterior (frontal) view of the opened heart. White arrows indicate normal blood flow.
Diagram of the alveoli with both cross-section and external view.
Details
Precursor
truncus arteriosus
System
Circulatory system
Drains from
lungs
Drains to
left atrium
Artery
pulmonary artery
Identifiers
Latin
venae pulmonales
MeSH
D011667
TA
A12.3.02.001
FMA
70827
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
The pulmonary veins are the veins that transfer oxygenated blood from the lungs to the heart. The largest pulmonary veins are the four main pulmonary veins, two from each lung that drain into the left atrium of the heart. The pulmonary veins are part of the pulmonary circulation.
Contents
[hide]
1 Structure
1.1 Variation
2 Function
3 Clinical significance
4 Additional images
5 See also
6 References
7 External links
Structure[edit]
Two main pulmonary veins emerge from each lung hilum, receiving blood from three or four bronchial veins apiece and draining into the left atrium. An inferior and superior main vein drains each lung, so there are four main veins in total.[1]
At the root of the lung, the right superior pulmonary vein lies in front of and a little below the pulmonary artery; the inferior is situated at the lowest part of the lung hilum. Behind the pulmonary artery is the bronchus.[2] The right main pulmonary veins (contains oxygenated blood) pass behind the right atrium and superior vena cava; the left in front of the descending thoracic aorta.
Variation[edit]
Occasionally the three lobar veins on the right side remain separate, and not infrequently the two left lobar veins end by a common opening into the left atrium. Therefore, the number of pulmonary veins opening into the left atrium can vary between three and five in the healthy population.
The two left lobar veins may be united as a single pulmonary vein in about 25% of people; the two right veins may be united in about 3%.[2]
Function[edit]
Further information: Pulmonary circulation
The pulmonary veins play an essential role in respiration, by receiving blood that has been oxygenated in the alveoli and returning it to the left atrium.
Clinical significance[edit]
As part of the pulmonary circulation they carry oxygenated blood back to the heart, as opposed to the veins of the systemic circulation which carry deoxygenated blood.
A rare genetic defect of the pulmonary veins can cause them to drain into the pulmonary circulation in whole or in part, this is known as a total anomalous pulmonary venous connection, or partial anomalous pulmonary connection, respectively.
Additional images[edit]
Computed tomography of a normal lung, with different levels of pulmonary veins.
Bronchial anatomy
Transverse section of thorax, showing relations of pulmonary artery.
Pulmonary vessels, seen in a dorsal view of the heart and lungs.
See also[edit]
This article uses anatomical terminology; for an overview, see Anatomical terminology.
References[edit]
This article incorporates text in the public domain from page 642 of the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
Jump up ^ Drake, Richard L.; Vogl, Wayne; Tibbitts, Adam W.M. Mitchell; illustrations by Richard; Richardson, Paul (2005). Gray's anatomy for students (Pbk. ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier/Churchill Livingstone. ISBN 978-0-443-06612-2.
^ Jump up to: a b Skandalakis, editor in chief John E. (2004). "Chapter 7. Pericardium, Heart, and Great Vessels in the Thorax". Skandalakis' surgical anatomy : the embryologic and anatomic basis of modern surgery. Athens, Greece: PMP. pp. section titled 'Pulmonary veins'. ISBN 9603990744. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
External links[edit]
Anatomy figure: 19:05-08 at Human Anatomy Online, SUNY Downstate Medical Center
Illustration at infomat.net
[show]
v
t
e
Arteries and veins
Vessels
Arteries
Nutrient artery
Arteriole
Metarteriole
Elastic artery
Capillaries
Types
Continuous
Fenestrated
Sinusoidal
Precapillary sphincter
Precapillary resistance
Veins
Vena comitans
Superficial vein
Deep vein
Emissary veins
Venous plexus
Venule
Lymph
Lymphatic vessel
Lymph
Lymph capillary
Circulatory system
Systemic
Left heart → Aorta → Arteries → Arterioles → Capillaries → Venules → Veins → Vena cava → (Right heart)
Pulmonary
Right heart → Pulmonary arteries → Lungs → Pulmonary vein → Left heart
Microanatomy
Microvessel
Microcirculation
Tunica intima
Endothelium
Internal elastic lamina
Tunica media
Tunica externa
Vasa vasorum
Vasa nervorum
Vascular nerves
Rete mirabile
Circulatory anastomosis
[show]
v
t
e
Veins of the thorax and vertebral column
Thorax
Heart
Coronary sinus
Great cardiac (Left marginal)
Posterior of the left ventricle
Oblique of the left atrium (Ligament of the left vena cava)
Middle cardiac
Small cardiac vein
Anterior cardiac (Right marginal)
Smallest cardiac veins
Right atrial veins
Right ventricular veins
Lungs
Pulmonary veins
superior
vena cava
Brachiocephalic
internal thoracic
anterior intercostal
superior epigastric
left superior intercostal
supreme
vertebral
subclavian
axillary:
lateral thoracic
thoracoepigastric
dorsal scapular
external jugular
pericardiacophrenic
internal jugular
Azygos
right superior intercostal
bronchial
intercostal/posterior intercostal 5-11
accessory hemiazygos/hemiazygos
superior phrenic
Vertebral column
vertebral venous plexuses
external
internal
spinal
posterior
anterior
basivertebral
intervertebral
Anatomy portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pulmonary_vein&oldid=835196042"
Categories:
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)
Veins of the torso
Hidden categories:
Pages with unresolved properties
CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list
Anatomy NAV infobox with use of other NAV parameters
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
العربية
Azərbaycanca
Bosanski
Català
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Italiano
עברית
Latina
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk nynorsk
Polski
Português
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Suomi
Svenska
ไทย
Türkçe
中文
15 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 7 April 2018, at 04:42.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: area

attrs: href shape coords alt title

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height usemap

values: Diagram of the human heart (cropped).svg

values: margin-left: 230px; margin-top: -20px; text-align: left;

values:
/wiki/Truncus_arteriosus_(embryology)
mw-redirect
Truncus arteriosus (embryology)

values:
/wiki/Left_atrium
mw-redirect
Left atrium

values:
/wiki/Bronchial_vein
mw-redirect
Bronchial vein

values:
/wiki/Right_atrium
mw-redirect
Right atrium

values:
/wiki/Thoracic_aorta
mw-redirect
Thoracic aorta

values:
/wiki/Systemic_circulation
mw-redirect
Systemic circulation

values:
/wiki/Computed_tomography
mw-redirect
Computed tomography

values: Category:CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Template:Veins of the thorax and vertebral column

values: Template talk:Veins of the thorax and vertebral column

values: Right atrial veins (page does not exist)

values: Right ventricular veins (page does not exist)

values: Anatomy posture and body mechanics 08.web.jpg

values:
noprint metadata navbox
navigation
Portals
font-weight:bold;padding:0.4em 2em

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 20th edition of Gray's Anatomy (1918)

values: Category:Pages with unresolved properties

values: Category:Anatomy NAV infobox with use of other NAV parameters

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Pulmonary_vein
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: وريد رئوي – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-az
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bs
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values: سیاهرگ ریوی – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-it
display: none;

values: ורידי הריאה – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-la
display: none;

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Longader
Longader – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungevene
Lungevene – Norwegian Nynorsk
nn
nn
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-pl
display: none;

values: Лёгочная вена – Russian

values: Плућна вена – Serbian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fi
display: none;

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lungven
Lungven – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: หลอดเลือดดำจากปอด – Thai

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-th
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Pulmonary_vein rootpage-Pulmonary_vein skin-vector action-view


text:
Mike Post
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This biography of a living person needs additional citations for verification. Please help by adding reliable sources. Contentious material about living persons that is unsourced or poorly sourced must be removed immediately, especially if potentially libelous or harmful. (March 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Mike Post
Birth name
Leland Michael Postil
Born
(1944-09-29) September 29, 1944 (age 73)
Berkeley, California, United States
Origin
Los Angeles, California, United States
Genres
Rock, pop, soul
Occupation(s)
Producer, songwriter, musician, composer, arranger
Instruments
Vocals, guitar, bass guitar, keyboard
Years active
1970–present
Associated acts
The Murmaids, Mason Williams, the Outcasts, Kenny Rogers, the First Edition, Van Halen
Mike Post (born Leland Michael Postil, September 29, 1944) is an American composer, best known for his TV theme songs for such series as Law & Order, Law & Order: SVU, The A-Team, NYPD Blue, Renegade, The Rockford Files, L.A. Law, Quantum Leap, Magnum, P.I., and Hill Street Blues.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early musical career
2 Television theme music
3 Inventions from the Blue Line
4 In popular culture
5 Discography
5.1 Albums
5.2 Hot 100 singles
6 References
7 External links
Early musical career[edit]
Post's first credited work in music was cutting demos using two singing sisters, Terry and Carol Fischer. With Sally Gordon, they went on to become The Murmaids. Their first single, "Popsicles and Icicles" (written by David Gates), was a #3 hit song in January 1964.
Post also provided early guidance for the garage rock band the Outcasts while in basic training in San Antonio, Texas. He was the songwriter and producer for both songs on the band's first single, released in 1965, and also arranged a local concert where they served as the back-up band.[1]
He won his first Grammy at age 23 for Best Instrumental Arrangement on Mason Williams' "Classical Gas", a #2 hit song in 1968. He is also credited as the producer for Williams' LP that included this song, The Mason Williams Phonograph Record.
Billed as the Mike Post Coalition, their track "Afternoon of the Rhino" became a sought-after Northern soul track.[2] The single peaked at #47 in the UK Singles Chart in August 1975.[3]
Post also worked with Kenny Rogers and produced the first three albums he recorded with his country/rock group the First Edition (between 1967 and 1969). Post also produced Dolly Parton's hit album 9 to 5 and Odd Jobs in 1981. Much later, in 1997, he produced Van Halen's Van Halen III album.
Television theme music[edit]
One of his first jobs in television started when he was 24, as the musical director on The Andy Williams Show. Another early job was writing the theme music for the short-lived detective series Toma in 1973, but his big breakthrough (together with co-composer Pete Carpenter) came in the following year with his theme song for The Rockford Files, another series by producer Stephen J. Cannell. The theme also got cross-over Top 40 radio airplay and earned a second Grammy for Post.[4]
"The Rockford Files" theme became a Top 10 hit in both the U.S. (#10) and Canada (#8).[5] It ranks as the 85th biggest U.S. hit of 1975,[6] and the 84th biggest Canadian hit of 1975.[7]
Post subsequently won Grammys for Best Instrumental Composition for the themes of the television shows Hill Street Blues in 1981 and L.A. Law in 1988 as well as another Grammy in 1981 for Best Instrumental Performance for the Hill Street Blues theme, which also reached number 10 in the U.S.[4]
The Law & Order "dun,dun" sound
Problems playing this file? See media help.
Post won an Emmy for his Murder One theme music, and had previously been nominated for NYPD Blue, among others. He has won BMI Awards for the music for L.A. Law, Hunter, and the various Law & Order series. The theme for The Greatest American Hero (co-written with Stephen Geyer) is one of the few television themes to reach as high as #2 as a single record on the Billboard Hot 100.[4] The iconic "dun, dun" sound effect he created for the Law & Order franchise has entered popular culture.[8]
At the peak of his career, Post was the go-to composer for all of the series created by Donald P. Bellisario, Steven Bochco, Stephen J. Cannell and Dick Wolf. Due to the considerable amount of music to be created, Post operated an office with multiple staff composers, among them Walter Murphy, Velton Ray Bunch, Frank Denson, Jerry Grant and Greg Edmonson, all composing side by side in cubicles. Each would write music cues to complement specific scenes from each show in Post's signature style.[citation needed]
Other TV music works include The A-Team, Baa Baa Black Sheep, Blossom, CHiPs, The Commish, Doogie Howser, M.D., Greatest American Hero, Hardcastle and McCormick, Hooperman, Hunter, Magnum, P.I., NewsRadio, Profit, Quantum Leap, Renegade, Riptide, Silk Stalkings, Stingray, Tales of the Gold Monkey, Tenspeed and Brown Shoe, The White Shadow, Wiseguy, the BBC series Roughnecks, Law & Order, and Philly.
In 1994, Post scored the Diagnosis: Murder episode "How To Murder Your Lawyer," designed as a backdoor pilot for a lawyer series.[citation needed]
In 2014, Post composed the score for the fake TV plot Caged Heat in the Marvel One-Shot All Hail the King for Marvel Studios.[citation needed]
Inventions from the Blue Line[edit]
In 1994, Post released a CD, called Inventions from the Blue Line. The CD contained several of his well-known themes, featuring NYPD Blue and also including Law & Order, Silk Stalkings and Renegade. In the liner notes, he discussed his late father, Sam Postil, and the admiration for law enforcement officers that Sam instilled in Mike. He also referred to police in the traditional nickname of "blues", as in The Thin Blue Line (referring to the police in general and to police camaraderie). One of the tracks is called "The Blue Line", which Post calls "the comradery theme".
In popular culture[edit]
The Pete Townshend song "Mike Post Theme", which alludes to the ubiquity of Post's work in television theme music, appears on The Who's 2006 album, Endless Wire.
Discography[edit]
Albums[edit]
1969: Fused (as The Mike Post Coalition); Warner Bros.-Seven Arts (LP)
1975: Railhead Overture; MGM (LP)
1982: Television Theme Songs; Elektra (LP)
1988: Music from L.A. Law and Otherwise; Polydor (LP)
1994: Inventions from the Blue Line; American Gramaphone (CD)
Hot 100 singles[edit]
The following singles credited to Mike Post charted on the U.S. Billboard Hot 100 chart:[9]
"The Rockford Files" (#10, 1975)
"Manhattan Spiritual" (#56, 1975)
"Theme From Greatest American Hero (Believe It or Not)" (#2, 1981)[10]
"The Theme from Hill Street Blues" (#10, 1981)
"Theme from Magnum P.I." (#25, 1982)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Review from Fuzz, Acid and Flowers, partially reproduced on www.dennysguitars.com/outcasts1.html
Jump up ^ Maconie, Stuart (2004). Cider With Roadies (1st ed.). London: Random House. p. 69. ISBN 0-09-189115-9.
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. p. 432. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
^ Jump up to: a b c "Who is Mike Post, and what were his contributions to music? - eNotes". eNotes.
Jump up ^ https://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.4009a&type=1&interval=50&PHPSESSID=9rcle2uno9iqd7fp29i24m0c30
Jump up ^ "Top 100 Hits of 1975/Top 100 Songs of 1975". www.musicoutfitters.com.
Jump up ^ https://www.collectionscanada.gc.ca/rpm/028020-119.01-e.php?&file_num=nlc008388.4057a&type=1&interval=50&PHPSESSID=9rcle2uno9iqd7fp29i24m0c30
Jump up ^ Dan Gunderman (13 September 2016). "Examining the legendary 'dun, dun' sound from 'Law & Order' on the anniversary of the pilot episode". New York Daily News.
Jump up ^ Whitburn, Joel (1991). Joel Whitburn's Top Pop Singles 1955–1990. Menomonee Falls, Wisconsin: Record Research Inc. p. 455.
Jump up ^ http://www.billboard.com/charts/hot-100/1981-08-22
External links[edit]
Book: Mike Post
Mike Post on IMDb
Biography at Museum TV website
Biography On Enotes.com
Mike Post Archive of American Television Interview
Mike Post Interview - NAMM Oral History Library (2016)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 24794828
LCCN: n91086868
ISNI: 0000 0000 7364 7420
GND: 13448763X
BNF: cb13971387j (data)
MusicBrainz: 8a667f87-540c-4635-87bb-a9151693935f
SNAC: w6x0768x
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mike_Post&oldid=837420185"
Categories:
1944 births
American composers
American male composers
American record producers
American television composers
Epic Records artists
Grammy Award winners
Living people
Male television composers
Musicians from Berkeley, California
Primetime Emmy Award winners
Hidden categories:
BLP articles lacking sources from March 2009
All BLP articles lacking sources
Articles with hCards
Articles with hAudio microformats
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016
Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers
Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
Italiano
Nederlands
日本語
Suomi
Svenska
Edit links
This page was last edited on 20 April 2018, at 18:25.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_sources

values:
/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California
mw-redirect
Los Angeles, California

values:
/wiki/The_First_Edition_(band)
mw-redirect
The First Edition (band)

values:
/wiki/Quantum_Leap_(TV_series)
mw-redirect
Quantum Leap (TV series)

values:
/wiki/Basic_training
mw-redirect
Basic training

values:
/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas
mw-redirect
San Antonio, Texas

values:
/wiki/Music_producer
mw-redirect
Music producer

values:
/wiki/File:The_Clang.ogg
mw-redirect
File:The Clang.ogg

values: position: absolute; top: 0px; left: 110px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; height: 0px; width: 0px;

values: left: 50%; top: 50%; margin-left: -35px; margin-top: -27.5px;

values: width:220px width: 220px; position: relative;

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:Media_help
mw-redirect
Wikipedia:Media help

values:
/wiki/Broadcast_Music_Incorporated
mw-redirect
Broadcast Music Incorporated

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2016)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Greatest_American_Hero
mw-redirect
Greatest American Hero

values:
/wiki/Renegade_(TV_Series)
mw-redirect
Renegade (TV Series)

values:
/wiki/Riptide_(American_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Riptide (American TV series)

values:
/wiki/Stingray_(NBC_TV_series)
mw-redirect
Stingray (NBC TV series)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2017)

values: Edit section: Inventions from the Blue Line

values:
/wiki/The_Thin_Blue_Line_(emblem)
mw-redirect
The Thin Blue Line (emblem)

values:
/wiki/American_Gramaphone_Records
mw-redirect
American Gramaphone Records

values:
/wiki/The_Rockford_Files_(song)
mw-redirect
The Rockford Files (song)

values:
/wiki/Theme_from_Magnum_P.I.
mw-redirect
Theme from Magnum P.I.

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
https://www.imdb.com/name/nm0006236/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/24794828

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000073647420

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/13448763X

values: Category:Musicians from Berkeley, California

values: Category:BLP articles lacking sources from March 2009

values: Category:All BLP articles lacking sources

values: Category:Articles with hAudio microformats

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from July 2016

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from June 2017

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with MusicBrainz identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with SNAC-ID identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Mike_Post
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values: مایک پست – Persian

values:
https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – French
fr
fr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – Italian
it
it
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – Dutch
nl
nl
interlanguage-link-target

values: マイク・ポスト – Japanese

values:
https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – Finnish
fi
fi
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mike_Post
Mike Post – Swedish
sv
sv
interlanguage-link-target

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Mike_Post rootpage-Mike_Post skin-vector action-view