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Rio Bravo (film)
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For other uses, see Rio Bravo.
Rio Bravo
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Howard Hawks
Produced by
Howard Hawks
Screenplay by
Jules Furthman
Leigh Brackett
Based on
"Rio Bravo"
by B. H. McCampbell
Starring
John Wayne
Dean Martin
Ricky Nelson
Angie Dickinson
Walter Brennan
Ward Bond
John Russell
Music by
Dimitri Tiomkin
Cinematography
Russell Harlan
Edited by
Folmar Blangsted
Production
company
Warner Bros.
Distributed by
Warner Bros.
Release date
March 18, 1959 (1959-03-18) (USA)
Running time
141 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Box office
$5.2 million (est. US/ Canada rentals)[1]
Rio Bravo is a 1959 American Western film produced and directed by Howard Hawks and starring John Wayne, Dean Martin, Ricky Nelson, Angie Dickinson, Walter Brennan, and Ward Bond. Written by Jules Furthman and Leigh Brackett, based on the short story "Rio Bravo" by B. H. McCampbell, the film is about the sheriff of the town of Rio Bravo, Texas, who arrests the brother of a powerful local rancher to help his drunken deputy/friend. With the help of a cripple and a young gunfighter, they hold off the rancher's gang. Rio Bravo was filmed on location at Old Tucson Studios outside Tucson, Arizona, in Technicolor.
In 2014, Rio Bravo was deemed "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant" by the Library of Congress and selected for preservation in the National Film Registry.[2]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
4 High Noon debate
5 Reception
6 Remakes and inspirations
6.1 Remakes
6.2 Inspirations
7 Music
8 Comic book adaption
9 See also
10 References
11 Further reading
12 External links
Plot[edit]
In the town of Rio Bravo, Texas, sheriff's deputy Dude (Dean Martin), who has acquired the contemptuous nickname Borrachón (pronounced [bo.raˈtʃon], Spanish for "big drunk"), enters a saloon but cannot afford a drink. Joe Burdette (Claude Akins), brother of rancher Nathan Burdette, watches as a barfly (Myron Healey), tosses a silver dollar into a spittoon. Presidio County, Texas, Sheriff John T. Chance (John Wayne) appears and kicks the spittoon away, looking at Dude with disgust. Dude is shamed by his plight and takes out his anger on Chance, knocking him out with an ax handle. Joe begins punching Dude, then shoots and kills an unarmed bystander who tries to intervene.
Joe heads to his brother's saloon, where a bloody Chance comes to arrest him for the murder of the bystander. Another patron draws his gun on Chance, but Dude shoots the gun out of the man's hand. Joe is locked up in the local jail. Chance is willing to deputize Dude, provided he can stay sober. Both remember how good with a gun Dude used to be.
Chance's friend Pat Wheeler (Ward Bond) and his wagon train of supplies stop in town, with a young gunslinger, Colorado Ryan (Ricky Nelson), riding guard. Inside the jail, Stumpy (Walter Brennan), Chance's game-legged deputy, keeps watch over the jail and Joe, who knows that Stumpy holds an old grudge against Joe's wealthy and powerful brother. Joe warns his jailers that Nathan Burdette will not like how his brother is being treated.
A mysterious woman nicknamed Feathers (Angie Dickinson) is in the saloon, playing poker. In the meantime, Dude and Chance patrol the town. Hotel owner Carlos (Pedro Gonzalez-Gonzalez) stops the sheriff, saying Wheeler has been talking too much about Chance needing help. In the saloon, Chance implores Wheeler to stop, as it will draw attention from the wrong people. Wheeler suggests that Colorado could be of assistance, but Colorado politely declines, saying he wants to "mind my own business". Colorado also promises not to start any trouble without telling the sheriff first.
Feathers leaves the poker game a winner. Chance follows her up to her room and confronts her as a card cheat, with his evidence three missing aces from the deck of cards being used in the game and a handbill indicating she is wanted for card cheating. Colorado intervenes, saying another participant in the game is the real cheat. They confront the card cheat and prove his guilt. Chance refuses to apologize to Feathers for doing his job, but is no longer in a hurry to make her leave town.
As Wheeler is walking back to the hotel, he is shot dead by a Burdette man hiding in the stable. Colorado offers to help, but is angrily turned away by Chance, who says, "You had a chance to get in this and you didn't want it." Chance and Dude flush out the shooter, who escapes into Nathan's saloon after Dude wounds him. Dude believes the man has muddy boots, but everyone in the bar has clean boots. Two of Burdette's men suggest Dude needs a drink and one throws a silver dollar into a spittoon. The bartender puts a beer on the bar, but Dude notices blood dripping into the glass from above. He turns, fires, and kills the shooter.
Chance goes back to the hotel to sleep. Without his knowledge, Feathers stands guard at the door to keep him safe, then returns to her room when he awakens. Chance discovers what she did and advises that she should leave on the next stagecoach.
Nathan Burdette (John Russell) arrives in town with his men, intent on seeing his brother Joe. Dude is standing guard and confiscating all guns. One of Burdette's men ignores him until Dude cuts one of his horse's reins with a single shot. Nathan agrees to turn in their guns until they leave.
Carlos says Feathers will not get on the stagecoach. She tells the sheriff she does not want to leave, then gives him a kiss. He indicates if he were not in such a fix at the jail, things between them might be different.
Colorado visits the jail to tell Chance the meaning of a song, "Degüello", or "The Cutthroat Song", that Nathan is paying men to play at his saloon. The song, reported to have been played by Antonio López de Santa Anna's men at the siege of the Alamo, indicates that "no quarter" will be given to one's enemy, no mercy. Dude is trying hard to stay sober. He is given back his guns (the ones he had before he left town, sold by Dude, but bought back by Chance), as well as some clothes he left behind.
The next morning, while Dude is standing guard at the town entryway, four Burdette men attack him from behind and tie him up in a stable. Others get the drop on Chance, whose rifle is just out of reach. From inside the hotel, acting on Colorado's instructions, Feathers throws a flower pot through a window a moment after Colorado steps out on the porch, distracting the Burdette men. Colorado quickly throws Chance's rifle to him and the two men shoot the three Burdette hands.
Chance decides to have his men hole up in the jail, as it will take several more days for the United States Marshal to arrive to take Joe to the Presidio. Dude's nerves are shot, but as he is about to take a drink, the sound of "The Cutthroat Song" played by Burdette's musicians steels his resolve. He and Chance go to the hotel to round up additional supplies, but Carlos and Consuela are captured by Burdette's men, who trick Chance into charging and falling over a rope tied at the bottom of the stairs. Dude and Feathers are unable to help.
Chance is ordered to take the men to the jail to let Joe go. He is reluctant to do so, but Dude implores Chance to cooperate, saying that Stumpy is alone and has no food or water to hold out very long. The remaining Burdette men at the hotel take Dude hostage and Nathan Burdette offers to trade him later for Joe.
Stumpy opens fire at the jail, holding off Burdette's men. Chance and Colorado then take Joe to make the trade for Dude at a warehouse, leaving Stumpy behind because of his bad leg. During the trade, walking in opposite directions, Dude tackles Joe and they scuffle while a gunfight erupts. Stumpy turns up and helps even the odds. Dude overpowers Joe. The lawmen throw dynamite sticks at the warehouse where Burdette and his men are based, shooting the sticks to explode them. After a few explosions rock the warehouse, the criminals surrender.
All is quiet in town as Chance gets reacquainted with Feathers, who models a skimpy new costume she will be wearing in her new job singing at the hotel. After a pair of sheer tights comes floating from a window to the street, a delighted Stumpy retrieves it, but Dude cautions him to mind his own business.
Cast[edit]
John Wayne and Angie Dickinson in Rio Bravo
John Wayne as John T. Chance
Dean Martin as Dude
Ricky Nelson as Colorado/Ryan
Angie Dickinson as Feathers
Walter Brennan as Stumpy
Ward Bond as Pat Wheeler
John Russell as Nathan Burdette
Pedro Gonzalez Gonzalez as Carlos Robante
Estelita Rodriguez as Consuela Robante
Claude Akins as Joe Burdette
Joseph Shimada as Burt
Malcolm Atterbury and Harry Carey Jr. also receive a screen credit in the film's opening, but their scenes were deleted from the final film.
Production[edit]
Ricky Nelson performing the song "Get Along Home, Cindy" in Rio Bravo
Exteriors for the film were shot at Old Tucson Studios, just outside Tucson.[3] Filming took place in the summer of 1958, and the movie's credits gave 1958 as the year of production, although the film was not released until 1959.
Rio Bravo is generally regarded as one of Hawks' best, and is notable for its long opening scene which contains no dialogue. The film received favorable reviews, and was successful, taking in over US$5.5 million.[citation needed]
The musical score was composed by Dimitri Tiomkin. His score includes the hauntingly ominous "El Degüello" theme, which is heard several times.[4] The Colorado character identifies the tune as "The Cutthroat Song". He relates that the song was played on the orders of General Antonio López de Santa Anna to the Texans holed up in the Alamo, to signify that no quarter would be given to them. The tune was used the following year in Wayne's film, The Alamo. Composer Ennio Morricone recalled that director Sergio Leone asked him to write "Dimitri Tiomkin music" for A Fistful of Dollars. The trumpet theme is similar to Tiomkin's "Degüello" (the Italian title of Rio Bravo was Un dollaro d'onore, A Dollar of Honor).[5]
Because the film starred a crooner, Martin, and a teen idol, Nelson, Hawks included three songs in the soundtrack. Before the big showdown, in the jail house, Martin sings "My Rifle, My Pony, and Me" (which contained new lyrics to a Tiomkin tune that appeared in Red River) accompanied by Nelson, after which Nelson sings a brief version of "Get Along Home, Cindy", accompanied by Martin and Brennan. Over the closing credits, Martin, backed by the Nelson Riddle Orchestra, sings a specially composed song, "Rio Bravo", written by Tiomkin with lyrics by Paul Francis Webster. Nelson later paid homage to both the film and his character, Colorado, by including the song "Restless Kid" on his 1959 LP, Ricky Sings Again.
Members of the Western Writers of America chose "My Rifle, My Pony, and Me" as one of the Top 100 Western songs of all time.[6]
A brief clip from Rio Bravo was among the archive footage later incorporated into the opening sequence of Wayne's last film, The Shootist, to illustrate the backstory of Wayne's character.
High Noon debate[edit]
The film was made as a response to High Noon,[7] which is sometimes thought to be an allegory for blacklisting in Hollywood, as well as a critique of McCarthyism.[8] Wayne would later call High Noon "un-American" and say he did not regret helping run the writer, Carl Foreman, out of the country.[9] Director Howard Hawks went on the record to criticize High Noon by saying, "I didn't think a good sheriff was going to go running around town like a chicken with his head cut off asking for help, and finally his Quaker wife had to save him."[10] According to film historian Emanuel Levy, Wayne and Hawks teamed up deliberately to rebut High Noon by telling a somewhat similar story their own way: portraying a hero who does not show fear or inner conflict and who never repudiates his commitment to public duty, while only allying himself with capable people, despite offers of help from many other characters.[11] In Rio Bravo, Chance is surrounded by allies—a deputy who is brave and good with a gun, despite recovering from alcoholism (Dude), a young untried but self-assured gunfighter (Colorado), a limping "crippled" old man who is doggedly loyal (Stumpy), a Mexican innkeeper (Carlos), his wife (Consuela), and an attractive young woman (Feathers)—and repeatedly turns down aid from anyone he does not think is capable of helping him,[10] though in the final shootout they come to help him anyway. "Who'll turn up next?" Wayne asks amid the gunfire, to which Colorado replies: "Maybe the girl with another flower pot."
Reception[edit]
In the United Kingdom, Rio Bravo was not originally even reviewed for Sight & Sound;[12] in August 1976, Leslie Halliwell gave the film two out of four stars, describing it as a "cheerfully overlong and slow-moving Western" that was nevertheless "very watchable for those with time to spare".[13] The film was taken more seriously by independent British critics such as Robin Wood, who rated it as his top film of all time and wrote a book on it in 2003 for the British Film Institute, publishers of Sight & Sound.
It now has a 100% Rotten Tomatoes rating and was the second highest-ranking Western in the 2012 Sight & Sound critics' poll of the greatest films ever made.[14]
In 2008, the American Film Institute nominated this film for its Top 10 Western Films list.[15]
Remakes and inspirations[edit]
Remakes[edit]
Howard Hawks went on to make two loose variations of Rio Bravo, on both occasions under a different title. Both of these remakes were directed by Hawks, both starred John Wayne, and in each case, the script was written by Leigh Brackett. All involve lawmen working against an entrenched criminal element, partially by "holing up" in their jailhouses.
The first remake, El Dorado, was filmed in 1966, but its release was held up by Paramount until the late summer of 1967. In this film, Robert Mitchum played the Dean Martin role, Arthur Hunnicutt the Walter Brennan character, and James Caan the Ricky Nelson role. Hawks again named the Nelson/Caan character after a state (in this case, Mississippi) and in a wry, humorous twist on the original film, Hawks made him inept with firearms, but skilled with a knife.
The second remake, Rio Lobo, was made in 1970 with a plot much further off the original mold, starting with the absence of a lawman-turned-drunkard character. This began with a Confederate train robbery of a Union gold shipment during the American Civil War, then moved to a postwar Texas county thoroughly controlled by a rich, arrogant rancher. The heroes, with the exception of an old man similar to Brennan and Hunnicutt's characters in the previous pictures (Jack Elam here), were complete outsiders. Along with Wayne and Elam, this movie starred Mexican film star Jorge Rivero (as Frenchie), Christopher Mitchum (Robert Mitchum's son), and Jennifer O'Neill.
Inspirations[edit]
Feathers' dialogue was occasionally inspired by the character of "Slim" (Lauren Bacall) in the 1944 To Have and Have Not, as when, after the first kiss, she says: "It's better when two people do it," recalling the phrase "It's even better when you help;" and again later when she says, "I'm hard to get—you're going to have to say you want me," recalling Slim's "I'm hard to get, Steve—all you have to do is ask me."
L'homme à l'étoile d'argent (The Man with the Silver Star), a 1969 album from the French comics series Lt. Blueberry was directly inspired by Rio Bravo. The plot is virtually the same. Blueberry plays the role of sheriff John T. Chance; McClure, a whiskey-adoring old man, combines the roles of Dude and Stumpy; Dusty plays the role of Colorado; Miss March, the teacher, plays the role of a less morally challenged Feathers; and instead of the Burdettes, it has the Bass brothers.
John Carpenter's 1976 film Assault on Precinct 13, though not a remake of Rio Bravo, was inspired by the film. Carpenter borrowed some elements from the earlier film's plot, but set it in 1970s Los Angeles. He also paid homage to the original film by using the pseudonym "John T. Chance", the name of Wayne's character, for his editing credit. This film was also remade in 2005 by Jean-Francois Richet, starring Ethan Hawke, Laurence Fishburne, Gabriel Byrne, Maria Bello, Drea de Matteo, John Leguizamo, Brian Dennehy, and Ja Rule, moving the film's setting to Detroit.
Ghosts of Mars, a 2001 film also by Carpenter, retains many of the elements that were developed in Rio Bravo and Assault on Precinct 13, but takes place in a science-fiction setting.
The Nest, a 2002 film by Florent Emilio Siri, starring Samy Naceri, Benoît Magimel, Nadia Farès, Pascal Greggory, and Sami Bouajila, is a quasi-remake of Assault on Precinct 13.
Borrachón: A Prequel to Rio Bravo, by Kevin Cullen, 2016. This book is a prequel to the Rio Bravo story and film and provides the complete background leading up to the classic tale.
Music[edit]
"My Rifle, My Pony and Me" -- sung by Dean Martin and Ricky Nelson
"Cindy" -- sung by Ricky Nelson, Dean Martin and Walter Brennan
"Rio Bravo" -- sung by Dean Martin (end credits)
Comic book adaption[edit]
Dell Four Color #1018 (June 1959)[16][17]
See also[edit]
List of American films of 1959
John Wayne filmography
El Dorado (1966)
Rio Lobo (1970)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "1959: Probable Domestic Take", Variety, 6 January 1960 p. 34.
Jump up ^ https://www.loc.gov/today/pr/2014/14-210.html
Jump up ^ Commemoration: Howard Hawks' Rio Bravo, Warner Bros. DVD supplement.
Jump up ^ The Handbook of Texas Online, Texas State Historical Association (retrieved on November 22, 2006).
Jump up ^ "Un dollaro d'onore". Wikipedia (in Italian). 2016-10-31.
Jump up ^ Western Writers of America (2010). "The Top 100 Western Songs". American Cowboy. Archived from the original on 10 August 2014.
Jump up ^ Munn, Michael (2005). John Wayne: The Man Behind the Myth. New York: Penguin. p. 190. ISBN 0451214145. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Blacklist Archived 2009-02-07 at the Wayback Machine..
Jump up ^ Manfred Weidhorn. "High Noon." Bright Lights Film Journal. February 2005. Accessed 12 February 2008.
^ Jump up to: a b Stafford, Jeff. "Rio Bravo". TCM Film Article. Turner Entertainment Network. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
Jump up ^ Levy, Emanuel. "High Noon: Why John Wayne Hated the Film". Cinema 24/7. Retrieved 1 February 2015.
Jump up ^ The Movie article by Phil Hardy, 1980
Jump up ^ Halliwell, Leslie (1979). Halliwell's Film Guide to 8,000 English Language Films, Hart-Davis, MacGibbon, Granada.
Jump up ^ "Critics' top 100". British Film Institute. 2012. Retrieved December 12, 2016.
Jump up ^ "AFI's 10 Top 10 Nominees" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2011-07-16. Retrieved 2016-08-19. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ "Dell Four Color #1018". Grand Comics Database.
Jump up ^ Dell Four Color #1018 at the Comic Book DB
Further reading[edit]
Byman, Jeremy (2004). Showdown at High Noon. Metuchen: Scarecrow Press. ISBN 0-8108-4998-4.
McCarthy, Todd (2000). Howard Hawks. New York: Grove Press. ISBN 0-8021-3740-7.
Roberts, Randy (1997). John Wayne. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-8970-7.
Wood, Robin (2006). Howard Hawks. Detroit: Wayne State University Press. ISBN 0-8143-3276-5.
Wood, Robin (2003). Rio Bravo. London: BFI Pub. ISBN 0-85170-966-4.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rio Bravo.
Rio Bravo at the American Film Institute Catalog
Rio Bravo on IMDb
Rio Bravo at AllMovie
Rio Bravo at the TCM Movie Database
Rio Bravo at Rotten Tomatoes
[hide]
v
t
e
Films directed by Howard Hawks
The Road to Glory (1926)
Fig Leaves (1926)
Cradle Snatchers (1927)
Paid to Love (1927)
A Girl in Every Port (1928)
Fazil (1928)
The Air Circus (1928)
Trent's Last Case (1929)
The Dawn Patrol (1930)
The Criminal Code (1931)
Scarface (1932)
The Crowd Roars (1932)
Tiger Shark (1932)
Today We Live (1933)
The Prizefighter and the Lady (1933)
Viva Villa! (1934)
Twentieth Century (1934)
Barbary Coast (1935)
Ceiling Zero (1936)
The Road to Glory (1936)
Come and Get It (1936)
Bringing Up Baby (1938)
Only Angels Have Wings (1939)
His Girl Friday (1940)
Sergeant York (1941)
Ball of Fire (1941)
Air Force (1943)
The Outlaw (1943) (uncredited)
To Have and Have Not (1944)
The Big Sleep (1946)
Red River (1948)
A Song Is Born (1948)
I Was a Male War Bride (1949)
The Big Sky (1951)
Monkey Business (1952)
O. Henry's Full House (1952)
Gentlemen Prefer Blondes (1953)
Land of the Pharaohs (1955)
Rio Bravo (1959)
Hatari! (1962)
Man's Favorite Sport? (1964)
Red Line 7000 (1965)
El Dorado (1966)
Rio Lobo (1970)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 316751659
GND: 4764446-1
SUDOC: 104486708
BNF: cb145169957 (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rio_Bravo_(film)&oldid=817646117"
Categories:
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text:
William Perry (American football)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other people with the same name, see William Perry (disambiguation).
William Perry
No. 72, 90, 95
Position:
Defensive tackle, fullback
Personal information
Date of birth:
(1962-12-16) December 16, 1962 (age 54)
Place of birth:
Aiken, South Carolina
Height:
6 ft 2 in (1.88 m)
Weight:
350 lb (159 kg)
Career information
High school:
Aiken (SC)
College:
Clemson
NFL Draft:
1985 / Round: 1 / Pick: 22
Career history
Chicago Bears (1985–1993)
Philadelphia Eagles (1993–1994)
London Monarchs (1996)
Career highlights and awards
Inducted to the (WWE) Hall of Fame (2006)
Super Bowl champion (XX)
Consensus All-American (1983)
Career NFL statistics
Sacks:
29.5
Games:
138
Offensive TDs:
3
Player stats at NFL.com
William Anthony Perry (born December 16, 1962) is a former American professional football player who was a defensive lineman in the National Football League (NFL) for ten seasons during the 1980s and 1990s. Perry played college football for Clemson University, and was recognized as an All-American. He was selected in the first round of the 1985 NFL Draft, and played professionally for the Chicago Bears and Philadelphia Eagles of the NFL. In reference to his imposing size, he was popularly known as "The Refrigerator" or, abbreviated, "The Fridge." Perry also occasionally played at fullback at the goal line due to his size and power.
Contents
[hide]
1 Early years
2 College career
3 Professional career
4 Beyond football
4.1 Business ventures
4.2 Music
4.3 Media appearances
4.4 Trivia
5 Personal life
6 References
7 External links
Early years[edit]
Perry was born in Aiken, South Carolina. He has stated in an interview that "Even when I was little, I was big"; by the time he was 11 years old, he weighed 200 pounds.[1]
Frequently ridiculed for his weight while growing up, Perry took advantage of his athleticism to silence his critics. He attended Aiken High School and played as a 295-pound nose guard on the school's football team and ran on its track team. During an exercise in which his coach instructed all of his fastest players to line up for a 100-yard dash, Perry joined the group of running backs, wide receivers and defensive backs and eventually was timed as the 6th fastest runner on the entire team, with a time of 11.00 seconds flat. He was also able to run the 100 meters under 12 seconds, and competed in the shot put event, recording a top-throw of 16.44 m (53 ft 11 in).[2] He could also execute 360-degree dunks on regulation basketball hoops and perform complicated dives into the swimming pool.[1]
College career[edit]
Perry's athletic performances earned him a full-ride scholarship to attend Clemson University in Clemson, South Carolina, where he played for coach Danny Ford's Clemson Tigers football team from 1981 to 1984. He was a member of a national championship team in 1981, and was recognized as a consensus first-team All-American as a junior in 1983. As a freshman in 1981, he earned his "refrigerator" nickname when a fellow player could barely squeeze into an elevator with Perry and their laundry which they were taking to be washed. The player, Ray Brown, said "Man, you're about as big as a refrigerator."[1]
Professional career[edit]
In 1985, he was selected in the first round of the 1985 NFL Draft by the Chicago Bears; he had been hand-picked by coach Mike Ditka.[1] However, defensive coordinator Buddy Ryan, who had a highly acrimonious relationship with Ditka, called Perry a "wasted draft-pick".[1] Perry soon became a pawn in the political power struggle between Ditka and Ryan.[1]
Perry's "Refrigerator" nickname followed him into the NFL and he quickly became a favorite of the Chicago Bears fans. Teammates called him "Biscuit," as in "one biscuit shy of 350 pounds."[3]
While Ryan refused to play Perry, Ditka decided to use Perry as a fullback when the team was near the opponents' goal line or in fourth and short situations, either as a ball carrier or a lead blocker for star running back Walter Payton. Ditka stated the inspiration for using Perry as a fullback came to him during five-yard sprint exercises.[1] During his rookie season, Perry rushed for two touchdowns and caught a pass for one. Perry even had the opportunity to run the ball during Super Bowl XX, as a nod to his popularity and contributions to the team's success. The first time he got the ball, he was tackled for a one-yard loss while attempting to throw his first NFL pass on a halfback option play.[4] The second time he got the ball, he scored a touchdown (running over Patriots linebacker Larry McGrew in the process). About halfway through his rookie season, Ryan finally began to play Perry, who soon proved that he was a capable defensive lineman.
His Super Bowl ring size is the largest of any professional football player in the history of the event. His ring size is 25, while the ring size for the average adult male is between 10 and 12.[5]
Perry went on to play for ten years in the NFL, retiring after the 1994 season. In his ten years as a pro, he regularly struggled with his weight, which hampered his performance at times. He played in 138 games, recording 29.5 sacks and five fumble recoveries, which he returned for a total of 71 yards. In his offensive career he ran five yards for two touchdowns, and had one reception for another touchdown. Perry later attempted a comeback, playing an unremarkable 1996 season with the London Monarchs of the World League of American Football (later NFL Europa).
Beyond football[edit]
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Business ventures[edit]
In 2006, he began marketing his own branded barbecue sauce.[6] Also in 2006, he turned down an offer to become Director of Football Operations for the Continental Indoor Football League's Chicago Slaughter.
Music[edit]
During his popular tenure with the Bears, Perry participated in the recording of two rap records, both in 1985, in addition to the team's very popular "Super Bowl Shuffle". Walter Payton and Perry recorded an anti-drug, pro-peace rap tune entitled "Together" which was written by four Evanston, Illinois teens. It was re-released in 1999 with part of the profits going to the Walter Payton Foundation.
Media appearances[edit]
Perry participated in a World Wrestling Federation battle royal at WrestleMania 2 in Rosemont, Illinois in 1986. In 2006, he returned to the Chicago area to be inducted into the "Celebrity Wing" of the WWE Hall of Fame by John Cena. In 2000, he was defeated by Bob Sapp in a toughman boxing competition on FX. In 2002, he lost in the third round to 7 ft 7 in (2.3 m) former NBA basketball player Manute Bol in a charity boxing match on the Fox Network's Celebrity Boxing program.
In 2003, he appeared in Nathan's Hot Dog Eating Contest as a "celebrity contestant."[7] He stopped eating 5 minutes into the competition. This was parodied in an episode of TV Funhouse from the November 11, 2006 episode of Saturday Night Live in which Takeru Kobayashi plays a hot dog eating superhero. After Kobayashi saves the day by eating a lot of hot dogs, a cartoon William Perry makes an appearance saying "Damn!" in Japanese. He participated in the 2006 Lingerie Bowl as the super sub.
He made a guest appearance in the 1980s television show The A-Team. In the 21st episode of the 4th season (The Trouble with Harry) "Fridge" signs into the same hospital The A-Team is using to help their friend Harry recover. Throughout the episode, Perry only has a few lines — including the funny: "They'll never catch him", referring to his NFL playing days — but he gives out "Bears" caps in the final scene. B. A. Baracus and Hulk Hogan (who guest starred in the episode as well) react angrily when they don't get a cap, but the large sized Perry is able to calm them down with his huge smile. In 2003, he appeared in a TV movie on Comedy Central called Windy City Heat, opposite an aspiring actor named Perry Caravello, who is led to believe he is acting in a major motion picture. He also made a short appearance in the opening of According to Jim (Season 8, Episode 15).[8]
He starred in a commercial in the 1980s with Jim McMahon, fellow Chicago Bears teammate, for Coke Classic and Coke. He appears on the Chef Tony infomercial endorsing My Rotisserie in a number of acted scenes where he plays poker with his friends, while singing the praises of the kitchen appliance. During Super Bowl XLIV, Perry joined other members of the 1985 Chicago Bears in resurrecting the Super Bowl Shuffle in a Boost Mobile commercial.
In 2002, Perry competed on the 2nd edition of Celebrity Boxing losing to NBA star Manute Bol by unanimous decision. He also made an appearance on an episode of the Comedy Central series, The Man Show.
Trivia[edit]
Popular rap trio The Fat Boys recorded a twelve-inch single titled "Chillin' with the Refrigerator" released on Sutra Records.[9] A novelty hit, "Frig-O-Rator," was released in December 1985 on the Motown label by Roq-In' Zoo and featured sound bites of Bears game plays. The following year The Fridge was yet again remembered in a rap song, this time by the obscure Los Angeles-based hip-hop group Hard Machine who released the single "Refrigerator."
Perry is one of several real people to be immortalized with a 3.75 in (9.5 cm) G.I. Joe action figure of himself as The Fridge. The figure was offered in 1986, the same year the Bears defeated the New England Patriots in the Super Bowl.
In 2013, Perry was named as both original (as fullback) and unlockable (as defensive tackle) All-Player Legend on Madden 25, the only player to be named twice,[10] and his career as a running back was only until 1990.
Personal life[edit]
In June 2008, he was diagnosed with Guillain–Barré syndrome, a chronic inflammation disorder of the peripheral nerves.[11] On April 22, 2009, Perry was hospitalized in South Carolina in serious condition from his Guillain–Barré syndrome.[12] Perry spent approximately a month in the hospital before being released. In June 2010, it was reported that Perry suffered from hearing loss, but also that he was improving after his diagnosis of Guillain–Barré syndrome. He had lost more than one hundred pounds (50 kg), but was, by this time, back up to 330 lb (150 kg).[13] In February 2011, ESPN ran a somber article about him, citing ongoing health and drinking problems, and a weight of 400 lb (180 kg).[14] In January 2016, Perry, weighing more than 425 pounds, checked himself into the hospital to receive treatment for diabetes. Now confined to a wheelchair, Perry revealed he had no feeling in his feet and is in danger of having his leg amputated.[15]
In April 2011, Cliff Forrest, a 10-year-old child, discovered Perry's Super Bowl ring for sale. With help from his mother, he purchased it for $8,500 and returned the ring to Perry.[16] In September 2015, it was reported that Perry's Super Bowl ring was auctioned off for more than $200,000 by the man Perry had sold it to several years earlier.[17]
As of October 29, 2014, Perry has been confined to his late father's home. Michael Dean Perry, his younger brother and another former NFL defensive lineman is William's assigned Guardian and Conservator for his affairs.[18]
July 30, 2015, Perry's Super Bowl ring, the largest Super Bowl ring ever made, was auctioned off to an unknown bidder.[19][20] As of September 23, 2015, Perry is living off a monthly social security disability check, and also gets some disability money from the NFL as he lives in an assisted living townhouse.
Perry was hospitalized in Chicago with a leg infection following his return to Soldier Field January 3, 2016.[21]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Friend, Tom (February 8, 2011). "How 'The Fridge' lost his way". ESPN.com. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
Jump up ^ https://www.trackingfootball.com/players/william-perry-11512/
Jump up ^ https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/early-lead/wp/2016/02/02/get-ready-for-30-for-30-with-these-amazing-facts-about-the-1985-chicago-bears/
Jump up ^ Mayer, Larry (January 27, 2016). "20 interesting facts about '85 Bears". Chicago Bears. Retrieved January 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Sports Illustrated for Kids, p. 39, February 2007.
Jump up ^ http://www.thefridgebbqsauce.net/
Jump up ^ "Top Ten Characters: William Perry". National Football League. Retrieved November 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Episode 15 Summary".
Jump up ^ "Fat Boys - Discography".
Jump up ^ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZxBVCPbT6Fw&feature=em-uploademail Madden 25 Connected Franchise - List of All Player Legends
Jump up ^ Yumasun.com article.
Jump up ^ Fridge in serious condition.
Jump up ^ Associated Press (21 June 2010). "'Fridge' back up to 330 pounds". Retrieved 22 June 2010.
Jump up ^ Tom Friend (6 February 2011). "How 'The Fridge' lost his way". ESPN. Retrieved 2011-02-07.
Jump up ^ Chicago Sun-Times (6 January 2016). "William Perry in hospital to treat diabetes". Retrieved 6 January 2016.
Jump up ^ Modrowski, Roman (April 4, 2011). "William Perry gets Super Bowl ring back". ESPNChicago.com. Retrieved 30 October 2012.
Jump up ^ Placko, Dane\date=September 23, 2015. "Ex-Bear William 'The Fridge' Perry at center of family feud". Fox32Chicago.com. Retrieved 23 November 2015.
Jump up ^ http://www.charlotteobserver.com/latest-news/article9207224.html
Jump up ^ http://www.foxsports.com/nfl/story/william-the-refrigerator-perry-auctioning-super-bowl-xx-20-ring-chicago-bears-size-25-072915
Jump up ^ https://www.liveauctioneers.com/item/39088834_1985-chicago-bears-super-bowl-xx-championship-ri
Jump up ^ http://espn.go.com/blog/chicago/bears/post/_/id/4701670/report-william-refridgerator-perry-hospitalized-in-chicago
External links[edit]
Official website
WWE Profile of William Perry
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WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 8832579
LCCN: n85243604
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=William_Perry_(American_football)&oldid=804291812"
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File size
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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File size is a measure of how much data a computer file contains or, alternately, how much storage it consumes. Typically, file size is expressed in units of measurement based on the byte. By convention, file size units use either a binary prefix (as in megabyte and gigabyte) or a metric prefix (as in mebibyte and gibibyte).[1]
When a file is written to a file system, which is the case in most modern devices, it may consume slightly more disk space than the file requires. This is because the file system rounds the size up to include any unused space left over in the last disk sector used by the file. (A sector is the smallest amount of space addressable by the file system. The size of a disk sectors is several hundred or several thousands bytes.) The wasted space is called slack space or internal fragmentation.[2] Although smaller sector sizes allow for denser use of disk space, they decrease the operational efficiency of the file system.
The maximum file size a file system supports depends not only on the capacity of the file system, but also on the number of bits reserved for the storage of file size information. The maximum file size in the FAT32 file system, for example, is 4,294,967,295 bytes, which is one byte less than four gigabytes.[3]
Conversion table
Traditional units
Decimal for comparison
Name
IEC
Binary
Number of bytes
Equal to
Name
IEC
Decimal
Number of bits
Equal to
Kibibyte KiB 210 1,024 1024 B
Kilobit kbit 103 1,000 1000 bit
Mebibyte MiB 220 1,048,576 1024 KiB
Megabit Mbit 106 1,000,000 1000 kbit
Gibibyte GiB 230 1,073,741,824 1024 MiB
Gigabit Gbit 109 1,000,000,000 1000 Mbit
Tebibyte TiB 240 1,099,511,627,776 1024 GiB
Terabit Tbit 1012 1,000,000,000,000 1000 Gbit
Pebibyte PiB 250 1,125,899,906,842,624 1024 TiB
Petabit Pbit 1015 1,000,000,000,000,000 1000 Tbit
Exbibyte EiB 260 1,152,921,504,606,846,976 1024 PiB
Exabit Ebit 1018 1,000,000,000,000,000,000 1000 Pbit
Zebibyte ZiB 270 1,180,591,620,717,411,303,424 1024 EiB
Zettabit Zbit 1021 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1000 Ebit
Yobibyte YiB 280 1,208,925,819,614,629,174,706,176 1024 ZiB
Yottabit Ybit 1024 1,000,000,000,000,000,000,000,000 1000 Zbit
Kilobyte (KB) (JEDEC), is sometimes referred to unambiguously as kibibyte (KiB)(IEC). Sometimes kB, with lower cased SI-prefix k- for kilo (1000), is used, then always equaling 1000 bytes.
A file system may display all sizes with the metric system with only kB on small files indicating it, while some file systems/operating systems would display sizes in, the traditionally used on computers, binary system for all sizes, e.g. KB, even if hard disk manufacturers may prefer to use the metric system (for e.g. GB = 1,000,000,000 bytes and TB = 1000 GB), to show higher capacity numbers for their products.
File transfers (e.g. "downloads") may use rates of units of bytes (e.g. MB/s) in binary rather than metric system, while networking hardware, such as WiFi, always uses the metric system (Mbits/s, Gbits/s etc.). of units of bits (and it needs to send more than the files themselves, so some overhead needs to be factored in), making superficially similar terms very incompatible.
See also[edit]
Metric prefix
Units of information
References[edit]
Jump up ^ JEDEC Solid State Technology Association (December 2002). "Terms, Definitions, and Letter Symbols for Microprocessors, and Memory Integrated Circuits" (PDF). JESD 100B.01. p. 8. Retrieved 2009-04-05.
Jump up ^ "What is Slack Space?". IT Pro. 2010-01-19. Retrieved 2018-02-17.
Jump up ^ "Microsoft Extensible Firmware Initiative FAT32 File System Specification, FAT: General Overview of On-Disk Format". Microsoft. 2000-12-06. Retrieved 2011-07-03.
[show]
v
t
e
Units of information
Base unit
bit
Platform-dependent units
nibble
byte
syllable
parcel
word
Platform-independent units
unibit (1)
dibit (2)
tribit (3)
quadbit (4)
quartet (4)
sextet (6)
octet (8)
hextet (16)
declet (10)
doublet (16)
quadlet (32)
octlet (64)
hexlet (128)
triad (3)
tetrad (4)
pentad (5)
hexad (6)
heptad (7)
octad (8)
slab (12)
catena (24)
Traditional bit units
kilobit
megabit
gigabit
terabit
petabit
exabit
zettabit
yottabit
Traditional byte units
kilobyte
megabyte
gigabyte
terabyte
petabyte
exabyte
zettabyte
yottabyte
IEC bit units
kibibit
mebibit
gibibit
tebibit
pebibit
exbibit
zebibit
yobibit
IEC byte units
kibibyte
mebibyte
gibibyte
tebibyte
pebibyte
exbibyte
zebibyte
yobibyte
[show]
v
t
e
Computer files
Types
Binary file / Text file
File format
List of file formats
File signatures
Magic number
Metafile
Sidecar file
Sparse file
Swap file
System file
Temporary file
Zero-byte file
Properties
Filename
8.3 filename
Long filename
Filename mangling
Filename extension
List of filename extensions
File attribute
Extended file attributes
File size
Hidden file / Hidden directory
Organisation
Directory/Folder
NTFS junction point
Temporary folder
Directory structure
File sequence
File system
Filesystem Hierarchy Standard
Path
Operations
Open
Close
Read
Write
Linking
Alias
File descriptor
Hard link
Shadow
Shortcut
Symbolic link
Management
File comparison
File compression
File manager
Comparison of file managers
File system permissions
File transfer
File sharing
File verification
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