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Bates Motel (season 5)
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Bates Motel (season 5)
Promotional poster and home media cover art
Starring
Vera Farmiga
Freddie Highmore
Max Thieriot
Olivia Cooke
Nestor Carbonell
Country of origin
United States
No. of episodes
10
Release
Original network
A&E
Original release
February 20 (2017-02-20) – April 24, 2017 (2017-04-24)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 4
List of Bates Motel episodes
The fifth and final season[1] of Bates Motel premiered on February 20, 2017, and concluded on April 24, 2017. The season consisted of 10 episodes and aired on Mondays at 10 p.m. ET/PT on A&E.[2] The series itself is described as a "contemporary prequel" to the 1960 film Psycho, following the life of Norman Bates and his mother Norma prior to the events portrayed in the Hitchcock film. However, the final season of the series loosely adapts the plot of Psycho. The series takes place in the fictional town of White Pine Bay, Oregon.
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast and characters
1.1 Main
1.2 Special guest
1.3 Recurring
1.4 Guest
2 Production
2.1 Casting
2.2 Filming
3 Episodes
4 Reception
4.1 Critical response
4.2 Ratings
4.3 Awards and nominations
5 References
6 External links
Cast and characters[edit]
Main article: List of Bates Motel characters
Main[edit]
Vera Farmiga, Freddie Highmore, and Max Thieriot (left to right) portray Norma Louise Bates, Norman Bates, and Dylan Massett, respectively.
Olivia Cooke, Nestor Carbonell, and Rihanna (left to right) portray Emma Decody, Sheriff Alex Romero, and Marion Crane, respectively.
Vera Farmiga as Norma Louise Bates
Freddie Highmore as Norman Bates
Max Thieriot as Dylan Massett
Olivia Cooke as Emma Decody
Nestor Carbonell as Alex Romero
Special guest[edit]
Rihanna as Marion Crane
Recurring[edit]
Kenny Johnson as Caleb Calhoun
Ryan Hurst as Chick Hogan
Brooke Smith as Sheriff Jane Greene
Isabelle McNally as Madeleine Loomis
Austin Nichols as Sam Loomis
Jillian Fargey as Maggie Summers
Damon Gupton as Dr. Gregg Edwards
Natalia Cordova-Buckley as Julia Ramos
Guest[edit]
Carlton Cuse as Highway Patrol Officer
John Hainsworth as Jim Blackwell
Antonio Cayonne as Bruce Herman
Production[edit]
Casting[edit]
In June 2016, showrunner Kerry Ehrin confirmed the return of Kenny Johnson as Caleb Calhoun for the final season, in an interview with Deadline.com.[3] The following month, it was announced that Rihanna had been cast in the iconic role of Marion Crane.[4][5] In September 2016, Isabelle McNally joined the cast of the series, portraying the role of Madeleine Loomis, a young woman who resembles Norma.[6] That same month, Brooke Smith joined the cast as Sheriff Jane Greene.[7] In January 2017, Austin Nichols was cast in the role of Sam Loomis, a prominent role in both the source material and the film adaptation.[8] That same month, Ryan Hurst's return as Chick Hogan was reported.[9] In March 2017, it was revealed that series executive producer Carlton Cuse would appear as a police officer trailing Marion Crane.[10] That same month, Natalia Cordova-Buckley joined the cast as Julia Ramos, an attorney.[11]
Filming[edit]
The series was filmed on location in Aldergrove, British Columbia. At the beginning of the first season, a replica of the original Bates Motel set from the film Psycho was built on 272nd Street.[12][13] Freddie Highmore was tapped to write an episode for the season, as well as direct an episode, marking his directorial debut.[14] Max Thieriot and Nestor Carbonell were also tapped to direct an episode each for season 5.[15]
Production on the season began on September 16, 2016.[16] The series filmed its final scenes at the specially-built Bates Motel set in Aldergrove on January 25, 2017, and production began tearing the house down the following day.[17][18] Carbonell filmed his final scenes as Sheriff Alex Romero on January 27, 2017.[19][20] Filming officially wrapped for the series on January 31, 2017.[21] In February 2017, the Bates Motel exterior set in Aldergrove was subsequently demolished.[22]
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of Bates Motel episodes
No.
overall
No. in
season
Title
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
U.S. viewers
(millions)
41
1 "Dark Paradise" Tucker Gates Kerry Ehrin February 20, 2017 (2017-02-20) 1.34[23]
It has been two years since the death of Norma. Norman is now living alone and running the Bates Motel. He stays with his hallucination, "Mother", whom he believes faked her death to the rest of the world, while he is secretly keeping Norma's preserved corpse in the basement. Dylan and Emma are now married with an infant daughter, and are unaware of Norma's death. Caleb shows up, much to the stress of Dylan, so Emma asks Caleb to leave for Dylan's sake. Romero is in prison and is denied parole. Romero sends a hitman to kill Norman, but Norman murders him instead. He meets Madeleine Loomis, a young store-owner who resembles Norma. While "Mother" and Norman dispose of the hitman's body in a lake, the man's phone rings. Norman answers it to hear Romero's voice.
42
2 "The Convergence of the Twain" Sarah Boyd Alyson Evans & Steve Kornacki February 27, 2017 (2017-02-27) 1.28[24]
Norman visits Romero in prison and Romero warns that he will come for Norman. Norman goes to dinner with Madeleine and her husband Sam, who is cheating on her. "Mother" follows Norman and asks why he is having dinner with a girl who looks like her. Caleb returns to White Pine Bay, looking for Norma, but instead learns that Norma committed suicide over a year earlier. He breaks down with grief at her grave. Later, he and Chick have an altercation in a bar. Caleb says he knows Norman killed Norma, because she would never commit suicide, and vows to get revenge. He goes back to the Bates house and discovers Norma's frozen corpse in the basement. Norman, dressed as "Mother", attacks Caleb. Chick witnesses this, shocked.
43
3 "Bad Blood" Sarah Boyd Tom Szentgyorgyi March 6, 2017 (2017-03-06) 1.28[25]
Caleb wakes to find himself chained in the basement of the Bates house. Norman, as "Mother", visits him to recount their history. This causes Caleb to slowly lose his mind. Chick, now aware of Norman's mental condition, remains at the house to research his true-crime novel based on Norman. Madeleine admits her troubled marriage to Norman, and they become friends. Romero is granted a transfer, following his prison fight. He escapes custody, only to be shot while trying to steal a car from a farm. "Mother" insists that Norman should kill Caleb, as she cannot do it. Norman sets Caleb free, but "Mother" chases him into the road, where a distracted Chick accidentally hits him with his car.
44
4 "Hidden" Max Thieriot Torrey Speer March 13, 2017 (2017-03-13) 1.25[26]
Caleb dies from the accident and Chick cremates the body. The new sheriff is informed about Jim Blackwell skipping parole and questions Norman, as Blackwell had the house's address. Romero tends to his gunshot wounds before showing up at Maggie Summers' house. Chick tries to move into the Bates house, only to be turned away by Norman, who does not think Chick being there is a good idea. Norman and "Mother" continue to get into arguments, as Norman wants to have control over his own life. Madeleine invites Norman over to her house for dinner since Sam is out of town, and they start kissing. "Mother" appears and Norman visualizes Madeleine with her throat slit. He runs back home, calling for "Mother," who is not there.
45
5 "Dreams Die First" Nestor Carbonell Erica Lipez & Kerry Ehrin March 20, 2017 (2017-03-20) 1.36[27]
Norman awakens to find no sign of his mother. Sheriff Greene informs him that Romero may come after him. In Seattle, Dylan explains to Emma why he cut off contact with Norma, revealing that Norman is sick and Emma's mother went missing after checking into the motel. Emma later discovers that Norma is dead. Sam's mistress, Marion Crane, goes on the run after stealing $400,000 from her boss; Madeleine confronts Sam about the affair. Norman encounters his old therapist, Dr. Edwards, and is faced again with the reality that Norma is dead and he assumes her persona. He visits the White Horse Bar, and is confused when the patrons recognize him from the night before. A man attempts to seduce him and Norman has a flashback of "Mother" and the man having sex. Panicking, he flees home just as Marion arrives at the Bates Motel.
46
6 "Marion" Phil Abraham Carlton Cuse & Kerry Ehrin March 27, 2017 (2017-03-27) 1.30[28]
Norman greets Marion at the motel; Emma informs a shocked Dylan of his mother's death. After Norman and Marion eat dinner together, Norman spies on her as she undresses for her shower. He later reveals to her that Sam is married. When Marion sees Sam and Madeleine arguing at his house, she smashes his car windows in anger and returns to the motel. "Mother" tries to goad Norman into killing Marion, but Norman, unwilling to do this, fights back and forces Marion out of the motel before he can hurt her, saving her life. Marion leaves town as Sam shows up at her room. He decides to shower while waiting for her. When "Mother" compares Sam to Norman's father, Norman stabs Sam to death in the shower.
47
7 "Inseparable" Steph Green Story by : Freddie Highmore & Erica Lipez
Teleplay by : Freddie Highmore April 3, 2017 (2017-04-03) 1.26[29]
"Mother" and Norman dispose of Sam's body, though Norman does not want to hallucinate "Mother" anymore. Sheriff Greene reveals that Jim Blackwell's body was recovered. Norman buries Norma's frozen corpse in the woods in case police investigate his house. Dylan arrives at the Bates' house and says that Norman should have told him about Norma's death, and to let him help Norman, as he sees that Norman is sick. Dylan learns that Dr. Edwards is missing and presumed dead, even though Norman said he'd met with him. Dylan then meets Madeleine, who is worried about a missing Sam. Dylan asks Norman about Sam and encourages him to take his medication, but "Mother" takes over and tries to kill Dylan. Norman intervenes, yelling that Dylan is his brother, and Dylan, in shock, watches him struggle with himself. Norman comes to, dials 911, and confesses to Sam's murder.
48
8 "The Body" Freddie Highmore Erica Lipez April 10, 2017 (2017-04-10) 1.23[30]
Norman is anxious to be arrested, fearing that he will see "Mother" and she will intervene. He is interrogated, and given his medication, but "Mother" forces him to vomit it out and takes full control of him. "Mother" blames Madeleine for Sam's murder and says Norman confessed to take the fall for her. Dylan gets a lawyer and explains that Norman is not a criminal nor a bad person - he is mentally ill and needs a mental institution. Emma's mother's body is also found and identified from the lake, confirming Dylan's suspicion about Norman killing her. Romero returns to the Bates' property and finds Chick, who has set up his writing desk in the house. Chick is killed by Romero after mocking him and the entire situation. Sam's body is found next, and Norman, with "Mother" still in control, is charged with three murders.
49
9 "Visiting Hours" Olatunde Osunsanmi Scott Kosar April 17, 2017 (2017-04-17) 1.22[31]
Norman's attorney suggests entering an insanity plea, as he could be put to death if convicted. Emma arrives to see Dylan but is unsure whether the two of them will make it when Dylan takes his brother's side. After seeing the evidence presented at Norman's hearing, Madeleine asks Dylan how he can live with himself after knowing Norman was sick and still leaving him to do what he did. Emma decides to go back home, but not before going to see Norman. She instantly realizes he is in "Mother's" persona, and so asks him to tell the real Norman that she misses him. Romero discovers where Norman is and forces the officers to release him. He forces Norman into Norman's car and orders him to take them to Norma's body.
50
10 "The Cord" Tucker Gates Kerry Ehrin & Carlton Cuse April 24, 2017 (2017-04-24) 1.41[32]
"Mother" leads Romero to Norma's body and as Romero mourns over it, Norman subdues him and shoots him with his own gun. Before Romero dies, he tells Norman that Norman will never be able to escape from the fact that he killed his own mother. "Mother" tells Norman that with Romero dead and now that he really knows the truth - that he killed her - there is nothing left to protect him from, and she leaves him for good. Unable to handle this, Norman's mind regresses to when they first moved to the motel. Under that delusion, he takes Norma's body back to the house and invites Dylan for dinner. Dylan does not inform the police. Instead, armed with a gun, he goes. After seeing Norma's corpse at the dinner table, Dylan begs Norman to face reality but Norman is unwilling to live without his mother. Dylan is forced to fatally shoot him when Norman charges at him with a knife. Norman dies in Dylan's arms and thanks Dylan for letting him reunite with Norma in death. The motel and house are sold, and Dylan and Emma make a happy life together with their daughter in Seattle.
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
The season has received positive reviews from television critics. It received 81 out of 100 from Metacritic, based on 8 reviews, indicating "universal acclaim".[33] Review aggregator website Rotten Tomatoes reported that 8 out of 8 critical responses were positive, averaging a 100% rating.[34]
Ratings[edit]
Overall, the fifth season of Bates Motel averaged 1.29 million viewers, with a 0.5 rating in the 18–49 demographic.[35]
No.
Title
Air date
Rating/share
(18–49)
Viewers
(millions)
DVR
(18–49)
DVR viewers
(millions)
Total
(18–49)
Total viewers
(millions)
1 "Dark Paradise" February 20, 2017 0.5 1.34[23] 0.5 1.19 1.0 2.53[36]
2 "The Convergence of the Twain" February 27, 2017 0.4 1.28[24] N/A N/A N/A N/A
3 "Bad Blood" March 6, 2017 0.5 1.28[25] 0.5 1.31 1.0 2.60[37]
4 "Hidden" March 13, 2017 0.4 1.25[26] 0.6 1.38 1.0 2.63[38]
5 "Dreams Die First" March 20, 2017 0.5 1.36[27] 0.5 1.35 1.0 2.71[39]
6 "Marion" March 27, 2017 0.5 1.30[28] 0.6 1.38 1.1 2.68[40]
7 "Inseparable" April 3, 2017 0.4 1.26[29] 0.6 1.40 1.0 2.65[41]
8 "The Body" April 10, 2017 0.4 1.23[30] 0.6 1.34 1.0 2.57[42]
9 "Visiting Hours" April 17, 2017 0.4 1.23[31] 0.5 1.33 0.9 2.56[43]
10 "The Cord" April 24, 2017 0.5 1.41[32] 0.4 N/A 0.9[A][44] N/A
A ^ Cable Live +3 data is used here as Live +7 was not made available.
Awards and nominations[edit]
Main article: List of awards and nominations received by Bates Motel
In its fifth and final season, Bates Motel was nominated for one award.
Year
Awards
Category
Nominee(s)
Result
Ref.
2017 8th Critics' Choice Television Awards Best Actor in a Drama Series Freddie Highmore Nominated [45]
The listed years are of television release, annual ceremonies are usually held the following year
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Birnbaum, Debra (July 22, 2016). "Comic-Con: 'Bates Motel' to End After Five Seasons". Variety. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Snetiker, Marc (January 3, 2017). "Bates Motel sets final check-in date". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved January 3, 2017.
Jump up ^ Grobar, Matt (June 15, 2016). "'Bates Motel' On Set: Showrunners And Stars On Freddie Highmore's Writing Debut". Deadline.com. Retrieved December 28, 2016.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (July 22, 2016). "Rihanna To Play Iconic 'Psycho' Role In 'Bates Motel' Fifth & Final Season – Comic-Con". Deadline.com. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Birnbaum, Debra; Halterman, Jim (July 22, 2016). "Rihanna Joins 'Bates Motel' in Janet Leigh Role". Variety. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (September 21, 2016). "Bates Motel Season 5: House of Cards Actress Cast as Norma's Doppelganger". TVLine. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Ausiello, Michael (September 22, 2016). "Bates Motel Elects Grey's Anatomy Alum Brooke Smith (New) Sheriff". TVLine. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Petski, Denise (January 9, 2017). "'Bates Motel': 'The Walking Dead's Austin Nichols To Recur on Season 5". Deadline.com. Retrieved January 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Lesnick, Silas (January 9, 2017). "Go a Little Mad with the Bates Motel Season 5 Trailer". ComingSoon.net. Retrieved January 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Birnbaum, Debra (March 6, 2017). "'Bates Motel': Carlton Cuse's Surprising Cameo (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
Jump up ^ Birnbaum, Debra (March 21, 2017). "'Agents of Shield' Star Natalia Cordova-Buckley Joins 'Bates Motel' (EXCLUSIVE)". Variety. Retrieved March 21, 2017.
Jump up ^ Turnquist, Kristi (March 26, 2013). "'Bates Motel': What's going on in that bucolic Oregon coastal town". OregonLive.com. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ "BATES MOTEL Set in Aldergrove is Spitting Image of Alfred Hitchcock's Set in Psycho – Updated". YVR Shoots. November 15, 2012.
Jump up ^ Pena, Jessica (November 10, 2016). "Bates Motel: Freddie Highmore Talks About the Final Season". TV Series Finale. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Marie, April (July 27, 2016). "#SDCC16: Bates Motel Cast Bittersweet About Series End; Excited for Rihanna as Marion Crane". Dread Central. Retrieved November 15, 2016.
Jump up ^ Gittins, Susan (September 21, 2016). "SHOOT: BATES MOTEL Final Season's First Day at Motel & House Set in Aldergrove". YVR Shoots.
Jump up ^ Gittins, Susan (January 25, 2017). "SERIES FINALE: BATES MOTEL's Last Day at its Aldergrove House & Motel Set". YVR Shoots.
Jump up ^ Gittins, Susan (January 26, 2017). "SERIES FINALE: BATES MOTEL Tears Down Gothic House Set. Motel Stays For Now". YVR Shoots.
Jump up ^ Gittins, Susan (January 27, 2017). "SERIES FINALE: Nestor Carbonell (aka Romero)'s Last Day on BATES MOTEL". YVR Shoots.
Jump up ^ Saclao, Christian (January 28, 2017). "'Bates Motel' Nestor Carbonell Thanks Vera Farmiga As He Wraps Filming On A&E Series". Yahoo! News.
Jump up ^ Nolfi, Joey (February 1, 2017). "Bates Motel wraps filming, Vera Farmiga smooches Freddie Highmore". Entertainment Weekly.
Jump up ^ Brown, Scott (February 4, 2017). "Hollywood North: The Bates Motel gets hit by the wrecking ball (gallery)". The Vancouver Sun. Retrieved February 23, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (February 22, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'WWE Monday Night Raw' holds steady, 'Bates Motel' premieres low". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved February 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (February 28, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Bates Motel' and 'WWE Raw' tick down". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 1, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (March 7, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Bates Motel' ticks up, 'Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta' premieres on top". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 7, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (March 16, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Love & Hip Hop: Atlanta' and 'Bates Motel' dip". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (March 21, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Bates Motel' ticks up, 'WWE Raw' stays strong". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 22, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (March 28, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Street Outlaws' ticks up, 'Bates Motel' holds steady". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 29, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (April 4, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'WWE Raw' leads, 'Love & Hip Hop' dips". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 4, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (April 11, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Better Call Saul' premieres low, 'Love & Hip Hop' ticks up". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 11, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (April 18, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Better Call Saul' hits series low, 'Bates Motel' holds steady". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 18, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Welch, Alex (April 25, 2017). "Monday cable ratings: 'Bates Motel' series finale rises, 'WWE Raw' dips". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bates Motel: Season 5 Reviews". Metacritic. Archived from the original on February 23, 2017. Retrieved February 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bates Motel: Season 5 (2017)". Rotten Tomatoes. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bates Motel: Season Five Ratings". TV Series Finale. April 25, 2017. Retrieved May 7, 2016.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 9, 2017). "'The Walking Dead' makes its lead even bigger in cable Live +7 ratings for Feb. 20-26". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 9, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 24, 2017). "'The Americans' premiere triples in cable Live +7 ratings for March 6-12". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 25, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (March 30, 2017). "'The Walking Dead' makes up for losses in cable Live +7 ratings for March 13-19". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved March 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 6, 2017). "'Major Crimes' makes major gains in cable Live +7 ratings for March 20-26". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 13, 2017). "'Underground' makes a big leap in cable Live +7 ratings for March 27-April 2". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 20, 2017). "'Archer' premiere doubles in cable Live +7 ratings for April 3-9". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 20, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (April 26, 2017). "'Better Call Saul' makes big gains in cable Live +7 ratings for April 10-16". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 4, 2017). "'Fargo' premiere makes solid gains in cable Live +7 ratings for April 17-23". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved May 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ Porter, Rick (May 7, 2017). "NFL Draft leads, 'Better Call Saul' jumps: Cable Live +3 ratings for April 24-30". TV by the Numbers. Retrieved July 16, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kilday, Gregg (December 6, 2017). "Critics' Choice Awards: 'The Shape of Water' Leads With 14 Nominations". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved December 6, 2017.
External links[edit]
Official website
Bates Motel on IMDb
Bates Motel at TV.com
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Bates Motel
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Epithelium
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article is about epithelium in animal anatomy. For the fungal structure of the same name, see Pileipellis.
Epithelium
Types of epithlium
Identifiers
TH
H2.00.02.0.00002
FMA
9639
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
This article is one of a series on
Epithelia
Squamous epithelial cell
Simple
Stratified
Columnar epithelial cell
Simple
Stratified
Pseudostratified
Cuboidal epithelial cell
Simple
Stratified
Specialised epithelia
Olfactory
Respiratory
Intestinal
Transitional
Germinal
female
male
Other
Table of epithelia of human organs
v
t
e
Epithelium (epi- + thele + -ium) is one of the four basic types of animal tissue, along with connective tissue, muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Epithelial tissues line the cavities and surfaces of blood vessels and organs throughout the body.
There are three principal shapes of epithelial cell: squamous, columnar, and cuboidal. These can be arranged in a single layer of cells as simple epithelium, either squamous, columnar, cuboidal, pseudo-stratified columnar or in layers of two or more cells deep as stratified (layered), either squamous, columnar or cuboidal. All glands are made up of epithelial cells. Functions of epithelial cells include secretion, selective absorption, protection, transcellular transport, and sensing.
Epithelial layers contain no blood vessels, so they must receive nourishment via diffusion of substances from the underlying connective tissue, through the basement membrane.[1][2] Cell junctions are well-employed in epithelial tissues.
Contents
[hide]
1 Classification
1.1 Simple epithelium
1.2 Stratified epithelium
2 Cell types
3 Structure
3.1 Location
3.2 Basement membrane
3.3 Cell junctions
3.4 Development
4 Functions
4.1 Glandular tissue
4.2 Sensing the extracellular environment
5 Clinical significance
6 Etymology and pronunciation
7 Additional images
8 See also
9 References
9.1 Bibliography
10 Further reading
11 External links
Classification[edit]
Summary showing different epithelial cells/tissues and their characteristics.
In general, epithelial tissues are classified by the number of their layers and by the shape and function of the cells.[1][3][4]
The three principal shapes associated with epithelial cells are—squamous, cuboidal and columnar.
Squamous epithelium has cells that are wider than their height (flat and scale-like).
Cuboidal epithelium has cells whose height and width are approximately the same (cube shaped).
Columnar epithelium has cells taller than they are wide (column-shaped).
By layer, epithelium is classed as either simple epithelium, only one cell thick (unilayered) or stratified epithelium as stratified squamous epithelium, stratified cuboidal epithelium, and stratified columnar epithelium that are two or more cells thick (multi-layered),[5][6] and both types of layering can be made up of any of the cell shapes.[3] However, when taller simple columnar epithelial cells are viewed in cross section showing several nuclei appearing at different heights, they can be confused with stratified epithelia. This kind of epithelium is therefore described as pseudostratified columnar epithelium.[7]
Transitional epithelium has cells that can change from squamous to cuboidal, depending on the amount of tension on the epithelium.[8]
Simple epithelium[edit]
Simple epithelium is a single layer of cells with every cell in direct contact with the basement membrane that separates it from the underlying connective tissue. In general, it is found where absorption and filtration occur. The thinness of the epithelial barrier facilitates these processes.[3]
In general, simple epithelial tissues are classified by the shape of their cells. The four major classes of simple epithelium are: (1) simple squamous; (2) simple cuboidal; (3) simple columnar; (4) pseudostratified.[3]
(1) simple squamous; which is found lining areas where passive diffusion of gases occur. e.g. skin, walls of capillaries, linings of the pericardial, pleural, and peritoneal cavities, as well as the linings of the alveoli of the lungs.
(2) simple cuboidal: these cells may have secretory, absorptive, or excretory functions. examples include small collecting ducts of kidney, pancreas, and salivary gland.
(3) simple columnar; cells can be secretory, absorptive, or excretory; Simple columnar epithelium can be ciliated or non-ciliated; ciliated columnar is found in the female reproductive tract and uterus. Non-ciliated epithelium can also possess microvilli.
(4) pseudostratified columnar epithelium; can be ciliated or non-ciliated. The ciliated type is also called respiratory epithelium as it is almost exclusively confined to the larger respiratory airways of the nasal cavity, trachea and bronchi.
Stratified epithelium[edit]
Stratified epithelium differs from simple epithelium in that it is multilayered. It is therefore found where body linings have to withstand mechanical or chemical insult such that layers can be abraded and lost without exposing subepithelial layers. Cells flatten as the layers become more apical, though in their most basal layers the cells can be squamous, cuboidal or columnar.[9]
Stratified epithelia (of columnar, cuboidal or squamous type) can have the following specializations:[9]
Specialization
Description
Keratinized In this particular case, the most apical layers (exterior) of cells are dead and lose their nucleus and cytoplasm, instead contain a tough, resistant protein called keratin. This specialization makes the epithelium waterproof, so is found in the mammalian skin. The lining of the esophagus is an example of a non-keratinized or "moist" stratified epithelium.[9]
Parakeratinized In this case, the most apical layers of cells are filled with keratin, but they still retain their nuclei. These nuclei are pyknotic, meaning that they are highly condensed. Parakeratinized epithelium is sometimes found in the oral mucosa and in the upper regions of the esophagus.[10]
Transitional Transitional epithelia are found in tissues that stretch and it can appear to be stratified cuboidal when the tissue is not stretched or stratified squamous when the organ is distended and the tissue stretches. It is sometimes called urothelium since it is almost exclusively found in the bladder, ureters and urethra.[9]
Cell types[edit]
The basic cell types are squamous, cuboidal, and columnar classed by their shape.
Type
Description
Squamous Squamous cells have the appearance of thin, flat plates that can look polygonal when viewed from above.[11] Their name comes from squāma, Latin for scale – as on fish or snake skin. The cells fit closely together in tissues; providing a smooth, low-friction surface over which fluids can move easily. The shape of the nucleus usually corresponds to the cell form and helps to identify the type of epithelium. Squamous cells tend to have horizontally flattened, nearly oval shaped nuclei because of the thin flattened form of the cell. Squamous epitheliium is found lining surfaces such as the skin, and alveoli in the lung, enabling simple passive diffusion as also found in the alveolar epithelium in the lungs. Specialized squamous epithelium also forms the lining of cavities such as in blood vessels, as endothelium and in the pericardium, as mesothelium and in other body cavities.
Cuboidal Cuboidal epithelial cells have a cube-like shape and appear square in cross-section. The cell nucleus is large, spherical and is in the centre of the cell. Cuboidal epithelium is commonly found in secretive tissue such as the exocrine glands, or in absorptive tissue such as the pancreas, the lining of the kidney tubules as well as in the ducts of the glands. The germinal epithelium that covers the female ovary, and the germinal epithelium that lines the walls of the seminferous tubules in the testes are also of the cuboidal type. Cuboidal cells provide protection and may be active in pumping material in or out of the lumen, or passive depending on their location and specialisation. Simple cuboidal epithelium commonly differentiates to form the secretory and duct portions of glands.[12] Stratified cuboidal epithelium protects areas such as the ducts of sweat glands,[13] mammary glands, and salivary glands.
Columnar Columnar epithelial cells are elongated and column-shaped and have a height of at least four times their width. Their nuclei are elongated and are usually located near the base of the cells. Columnar epithelium forms the lining of the stomach and intestines. The cells here may possess microvilli for maximising the surface area for absorption and these microvilli may form a brush border. Other cells may be ciliated to move mucus in the function of mucociliary clearance. Other ciliated cells are found in the fallopian tubes, the uterus and central canal of the spinal cord. Some columnar cells are specialized for sensory reception such as in the nose, ears and the taste buds. Hair cells in the inner ears have stereocilia which are similar to microvilli. Goblet cells are modified columnar cells and are found between the columnar epithelial cells of the duodenum. They secrete mucus, which acts as a lubricant. Single-layered non-ciliated columnar epithelium tends to indicate an absorptive function. Stratified columnar epithelium is rare but is found in lobar ducts in the salivary glands, the eye, pharynx and sex organs. This consists of a layer of cells resting on at least one other layer of epithelial cells which can be squamous, cuboidal, or columnar.
Pseudostratified These are simple columnar epithelial cells whose nuclei appear at different heights, giving the misleading (hence "pseudo") impression that the epithelium is stratified when the cells are viewed in cross section. Ciliated pseudostratified epithelial cells have cilia. Cilia are capable of energy dependent pulsatile beating in a certain direction through interaction of cytoskeletal microtubules and connecting structural proteins and enzymes. In the respiratory tract the wafting effect produced causes mucus secreted locally by the goblet cells (to lubricate and to trap pathogens and particles) to flow in that direction (typically out of the body). Ciliated epithelium is found in the airways (nose, bronchi), but is also found in the uterus and Fallopian tubes, where the cilia propel the ovum to the uterus.
Structure[edit]
Cells of epithelial tissue are tightly packed and form a continuous sheet. They have almost no intercellular spaces. All epithelia is usually separated from underlying tissues by an extracellular fibrous basement membrane. The lining of the mouth, lung alveoli and kidney tubules all are made of epithelial tissue. The lining of the blood and lymphatic vessels are of a specialised form of epithelium called endothelium.
Location[edit]
See also: Table of epithelia of human organs
Epithelium lines both the outside (skin) and the inside cavities and lumina of bodies. The outermost layer of human skin is composed of dead stratified squamous, keratinized epithelial cells.[14]
Tissues that line the inside of the mouth, the oesophagus, the vagina, and part of the rectum are composed of nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium. Other surfaces that separate body cavities from the outside environment are lined by simple squamous, columnar, or pseudostratified epithelial cells. Other epithelial cells line the insides of the lungs, the gastrointestinal tract, the reproductive and urinary tracts, and make up the exocrine and endocrine glands. The outer surface of the cornea is covered with fast-growing, easily regenerated epithelial cells. A specialised form of epithelium – endothelium forms the inner lining of blood vessels and the heart, and is known as vascular endothelium, and lining lymphatic vessels as lymphatic endothelium. Another type, mesothelium, forms the walls of the pericardium, pleurae, and peritoneum.[citation needed]
In arthropods, the integument, or external "skin", consists of a single layer of epithelial ectoderm from which arises the cuticle,[15] an outer covering of chitin the rigidity of which varies as per its chemical composition.
Basement membrane[edit]
Epithelial tissue rests on a basement membrane, which acts as a scaffolding on which epithelium can grow and regenerate after injuries.[16] Epithelial tissue has a nerve supply, but no blood supply and must be nourished by substances diffusing from the blood vessels in the underlying tissue. The basement membrane acts as a selectively permeable membrane that determines which substances will be able to enter the epithelium.[2]
Cell junctions[edit]
Cell junctions are especially abundant in epithelial tissues. They consist of protein complexes and provide contact between neighbouring cells, between a cell and the extracellular matrix, or they build up the paracellular barrier of epithelia and control the paracellular transport.[17]
Cell junctions are the contact points between plasma membrane and tissue cells. There are mainly 5 different types of cell junctions: tight junctions, adherens junctions, desmosomes, hemidesmosomes, and gap junctions. Tight junctions are a pair of trans-membrane protein fused on outer plasma membrane. Adherens junctions are a plaque (protein layer on the inside plasma membrane) which attaches both cells' microfilaments. Desmosomes attach to the microfilaments of cytoskeleton made up of keratin protein. Hemidesmosomes resemble desmosomes on a section. They are made up of the integrin (a transmembrane protein) instead of cadherin. They attach the epithelial cell to the basement membrane. Gap junctions connect the cytoplasm of two cells and are made up of proteins called connexins (six of which come together to make a connexion).[citation needed]
Development[edit]
Epithelial tissues are derived from all of the embryological germ layers:[citation needed]
from ectoderm (e.g., the epidermis);
from endoderm (e.g., the lining of the gastrointestinal tract);
from mesoderm (e.g., the inner linings of body cavities).
However, it is important to note that pathologists do not consider endothelium and mesothelium (both derived from mesoderm) to be true epithelium. This is because such tissues present very different pathology. For that reason, pathologists label cancers in endothelium and mesothelium sarcomas, whereas true epithelial cancers are called carcinomas. Also, the filaments that support these mesoderm-derived tissues are very distinct. Outside of the field of pathology, it is, in general, accepted that the epithelium arises from all three germ layers.[citation needed]
Functions[edit]
Forms of secretion in glandular tissue
Different characteristics of glands of the body
Epithelial tissues have as their primary functions:
to protect the tissues that lie beneath from radiation, desiccation, toxins, invasion by pathogens, and physical trauma
the regulation and exchange of chemicals between the underlying tissues and a body cavity
the secretion of hormones into the circulatory system, as well as the secretion of sweat, mucus, enzymes, and other products that are delivered by ducts[18]
to provide sensation[19]
Glandular tissue[edit]
Glandular tissue is the type of epithelium that forms the glands from the infolding of epithelium and subsequent growth in the underlying connective tissue. There are two major classifications of glands: endocrine glands and exocrine glands:
Endocrine glands secrete their product into the extracellular space where it is rapidly taken up by the circulatory system.
Exocrine glands secrete their products into a duct that then delivers the product to the lumen of an organ or onto the free surface of the epithelium.
Sensing the extracellular environment[edit]
"Some epithelial cells are ciliated, especially in respiratory epithelium, and they commonly exist as a sheet of polarised cells forming a tube or tubule with cilia projecting into the lumen." Primary cilia on epithelial cells provide chemosensation, thermoception, and mechanosensation of the extracellular environment by playing "a sensory role mediating specific signalling cues, including soluble factors in the external cell environment, a secretory role in which a soluble protein is released to have an effect downstream of the fluid flow, and mediation of fluid flow if the cilia are motile."[20]
Clinical significance[edit]
Epithelial cell infected with Chlamydia pneumoniae
The slide shows at (1) an epithelial cell infected by Chlamydia pneumonia; their inclusion bodies shown at (3); an uninfected cell shown at (2) and (4) showing the difference between an infected cell nucleus and an uninfected cell nucleus.
Epithelium grown in culture can be identified by examining its morphological characteristics. Epithelial cells tend to cluster together, and have a "characteristic tight pavement-like appearance". But this is not always the case, such as when the cells are derived from a tumor. In these cases, it is often necessary to use certain biochemical markers to make a positive identification. The intermediate filament proteins in the cytokeratin group are almost exclusively found in epithelial cells, and so are often used for this purpose.[21]
Carcinomas develop in epithelial tissues. Sarcomas develop in connective tissue.[22]
When epithelial cells or tissues are damaged from cystic fibrosis, sweat glands are also damaged, causing a frosty coating of the skin.
Etymology and pronunciation[edit]
The word epithelium (/ˌɛpɪˈθiːliəm/) uses the Greek roots ἐπί (epi), "on" or "upon", and θηλή (thēlē), "nipple". Epithelium is so called because the name was originally used to describe the translucent covering of small "nipples" of tissue on the lip.[23] The word has both mass and count senses; the plural form is epithelia.
Additional images[edit]
Squamous Epithelium 100x
Human cheek cells (Nonkeratinized stratified squamous epithelium) 500x
Histology of female urethra showing transitional epithelium
Histology of sweat gland showing stratified cuboidal epithelium
See also[edit]
Blastula
Dark cell
Epithelial-mesenchymal transition
Epithelial polarity
Gastrulation
Glycocalyx
Neuroepithelial cell
Skin cancer
Sulcular epithelium
Triploblasty
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Eurell, Jo Ann C.; et al., eds. (2006). Dellmann's textbook of veterinary histology. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-7817-4148-4.
^ Jump up to: a b Freshney, 2002: p. 3
^ Jump up to: a b c d Marieb, Elaine M. (1995). Human Anatomy and Physiology (3rd ed.). Benjamin/Cummings. pp. 103–104. ISBN 0-8053-4281-8.
Jump up ^ Platzer, Werner (2008). Color atlas of human anatomy: Locomotor system. Thieme. p. 8. ISBN 978-3-13-533306-9.
Jump up ^ van Lommel, 2002: p. 97
Jump up ^ van Lommel, 2002: p. 94
Jump up ^ Melfi, Rudy C.; Alley, Keith E., eds. (2000). Permar's oral embryology and microscopic anatomy: a textbook for students in dental hygiene. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 9. ISBN 978-0-683-30644-6.
Jump up ^ Pratt, Rebecca. "Epithelial Cells". AnatomyOne. Amirsys, Inc. Archived from the original on 2012-12-19. Retrieved 2012-09-28.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Jenkins, Gail W.; Tortora, Gerard J. (2013). Anatomy and Physiology from Science to Life (3rd ed.). John Wiley & Sons. pp. 110–115. ISBN 978-1-118-12920-3.
Jump up ^ Ross, Michael H.; Pawlina, Wojciech (2015). Histology: A Text and Atlas: With Correlated Cell and Molecular Biology (7th ed.). Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 528, 604. ISBN 978-1451187427.
Jump up ^ Kühnel, Wolfgang (2003). Color atlas of cytology, histology, and microscopic anatomy. Thieme. p. 102. ISBN 978-3-13-562404-4.
Jump up ^ Pratt, Rebecca. "Simple Cuboidal Epithelium". AnatomyOne. Amirsys, Inc. Retrieved 2012-09-28.
Jump up ^ Eroschenko, Victor P. (2008). "Integumentary System". DiFiore's Atlas of Histology with Functional Correlations. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. pp. 212–234. ISBN 9780781770576.
Jump up ^ Marieb, Elaine (2011). Anatomy & Physiology. Boston: Benjamin Cummings. p. 133. ISBN 0321616405.
Jump up ^ Kristensen, Niels P.; Georges, Chauvin (1 December 2003). "Integument". Lepidoptera, Moths and Butterflies: Morphology, Physiology, and Development : Teilband. Walter de Gruyter. p. 484. ISBN 978-3-11-016210-3. Retrieved 10 January 2013.
Jump up ^ McConnell, Thomas H. (2006). The nature of disease: pathology for the health professions. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. p. 55. ISBN 978-0-7817-5317-3.
Jump up ^ Alberts, Bruce (2002). Molecular biology of the cell (4. ed.). New York [u.a.]: Garland. p. 1067. ISBN 0-8153-4072-9.
Jump up ^ van Lommel, 2002: p. 91
Jump up ^ Alberts, Bruce (2002). Molecular biology of the cell (4 ed.). New York [u.a.]: Garland. p. 1267. ISBN 0-8153-4072-9.
Jump up ^ Adams, M.; Smith, U.M.; Logan, C.V.; Johnson, C.A. (2008). "Recent advances in the molecular pathology, cell biology and genetics of ciliopathies". Journal of Medical Genetics. 45 (5): 257–267. doi:10.1136/jmg.2007.054999. PMID 18178628.
Jump up ^ Freshney, 2002: p. 9
Jump up ^ "Types of cancer". Cancer Research UK. 28 October 2014. Retrieved 13 October 2016.
Jump up ^ Blerkom, edited by Jonathan Van; Gregory, Linda (2004). Essential IVF : basic research and clinical applications. Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. p. 3. ISBN 978-1-4020-7551-3. CS1 maint: Extra text: authors list (link)
Bibliography[edit]
Freshney, R.I. (2002). "Introduction". In Freshney, R. Ian; Freshney, Mary. Culture of epithelial cells. John Wiley & Sons. ISBN 978-0-471-40121-6.
van Lommel, Alfons T.L. (2002). From cells to organs: a histology textbook and atlas. Springer. ISBN 978-1-4020-7257-4.
Further reading[edit]
Green H (September 2008). "The birth of therapy with cultured cells". BioEssays. 30 (9): 897–903. doi:10.1002/bies.20797. PMID 18693268.
Kefalides, Nicholas A.; Borel, Jacques P., eds. (2005). Basement membranes: cell and molecular biology. Gulf Professional Publishing. ISBN 978-0-12-153356-4.
Nagpal R; Patel A; Gibson MC (March 2008). "Epithelial topology". BioEssays. 30 (3): 260–6. doi:10.1002/bies.20722. PMID 18293365.
Yamaguchi Y; Brenner M; Hearing VJ (September 2007). "The regulation of skin pigmentation" (Review). J. Biol. Chem. 282 (38): 27557–61. doi:10.1074/jbc.R700026200. PMID 17635904.
External links[edit]
Look up epithelium in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Epithelium Photomicrographs
1Histology at KUMC epithel-epith02 Simple squamous epithelium of the glomerulus (kidney) 2 Diagrams of simple squamous epithelium 3Histology at KUMC epithel-epith12 Stratified squamous epithelium of the vagina 4Histology at KUMC epithel-epith14 Stratified squamous epithelium of the skin (thin skin) 5Histology at KUMC epithel-epith15 Stratified squamous epithelium of the skin (thick skin) 6 Stratified squamous epithelium of the esophagus
Microanatomy Web Atlas
[show]
v
t
e
Epithelial tissue
Cells
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Types
Simple squamous epithelium
Endothelium
Mesothelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Respiratory epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Urothelium
Glands
Types
Mechanism
Merocrine
Eccrine
Apocrine
Holocrine
Sebaceous
Meibomian
Shape
Tubular gland
Alveolar gland
Secretion
Serous glands
Mucous glands
Components
Myoepithelial cell
Serous demilune
Ducts:
Interlobar
Interlobular
Intralobular
Striated
Intercalated
Acinus/Lobe
[show]
v
t
e
Biological tissues
Animals
Epithelial
Connective
Muscular
Nervous
Plants
Dermal tissue
Epidermis: Cuticle
Pavement cell
Guard cell
Subsidiary cell
Periderm: Phellem
Phelloderm
Vascular tissue
Phloem: Sieve tube
Companion cell
Phloem fiber
Phloem parenchyma
Xylem: Tracheid
Vessel element
Xylem fiber
Xylem parenchyma
Ground tissue
Parenchyma: Chlorenchyma
Aerenchyma
Collenchyma
Sclerenchyma: Sclereid
Fiber
Meristematic tissue
Primary: Protoderm
Procambium
Ground meristem
Secondary: Cork cambium
Vascular cambium
[show]
v
t
e
Histology: Epithelial proteins (TH H1.00.01.1)
Lateral/cell-cell
Cell adhesion molecules: Adherens junction
Cadherin
Desmosome
Desmoglein
Ion channels: Gap junction/Connexon
Connexin
Cytoskeleton: Desmosome
Desmoplakin
Plakoglobin
Tonofibril
other membrane proteins: Tight junction
Claudin
Occludin
MARVELD2
Basal/cell-matrix
Basal lamina
Hemidesmosome/Tonofibril
Focal adhesion
Costamere
Apical
Cilia/Kinocilium
Microvilli/Stereocilia (STRC)
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Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (July 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"
Single by Peter Sarstedt
from the album Peter Sarstedt
B-side
"Morning Mountain"
Released
January 1969 (1969-01)
Format
7"
Genre
Folk
pop
waltz
Length
4:42
Label
United Artists
Songwriter(s)
Peter Sarstedt
Producer(s)
Ray Singer
Peter Sarstedt singles chronology
"I Am a Cathedral"
(1968) "Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"
(1969) "Frozen Orange Juice"
(1969)
"I Am a Cathedral"
(1968) "Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?"
(1969) "Frozen Orange Juice"
(1969)
"Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)?" is a song by the British singer-songwriter Peter Sarstedt. Its recording was produced by Ray Singer, engineered by John Mackswith at Lansdowne Recording Studios and released in 1969. It was a number-one 1 hit in the UK Singles Chart for four weeks in 1969,[1] and was awarded the 1969 Ivor Novello Award for Best Song Musically and Lyrically.[2] In the United States, the record reached No. 61 on the Cash Box Top 100 Singles. The single also peaked at No. 70 on the Billboard Hot 100 that May.
The music has been described as "a faux European waltz tune"[3] and the arrangement is a very simple one of strummed acoustic guitar and bass guitar, with brief bursts of French-style accordion at the start and the end. The arranger and conductor was Ian Green.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Lyrics
2 Inspiration
3 Reception
4 Sequel
5 References
Lyrics[edit]
This section does not cite any sources. Please help improve this section by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The song is about a fictional girl named Marie-Claire who grows up on the poverty-stricken backstreets of Naples, becomes a member of the jet set, and goes on to live in Paris. The lyrics describe her from the perspective of a childhood friend; it is left unclear whether they have remained close. The rhetorical question of the title suggests that her glamorous lifestyle might not have brought Marie-Claire happiness or contentment.
Even though Sarstedt himself was not French, the song benefited from the contemporary awareness in Britain of such French and Belgian singers as Serge Gainsbourg and Jacques Brel (Belgium-born of Flemish descent).
The lyrics contain a large number of contemporary and other references:
Marlene Dietrich: German American actress and singer
Zizi Jeanmaire: French ballerina
Pierre Balmain: French designer of elegant fashions
Boulevard Saint-Michel: street in the Latin Quarter of Paris
The Rolling Stones: popular British rock and roll band
Sacha Distel: French singer and musician
Sorbonne: University of Paris
Picasso: Spanish pioneer of modern art
Juan-les-Pins: fashionable beach resort on the French Riviera
Topless swimsuit: first conceived by Austrian-American fashion designer Rudi Gernreich in 1964
Saint Moritz: fashionable ski resort in the Engadin, Swiss Alps
Napoleon brandy: a blended brandy in which the youngest brandy of the blend has been aged for at least six years
Aga Khan: world-travelling Islamic leader and racehorse owner
The version on the album Peter Sarstedt is longer than the radio edit version released as a single, having extra stanzas beginning "You go to the embassy parties..." and "You're in between twenty and thirty...".
Inspiration[edit]
It is often suspected that the name Marie-Claire is inspired by Marie Claire magazine, a women's fashion weekly that began in 1937 in France. One theory says that the song is about the Italian actress Sophia Loren, who was abandoned by her father and had a poverty-stricken life in Naples. Another theory has the song being inspired by Danish singer and actress Nina van Pallandt.
According to Alan Cooper, "Sarstedt insisted it was not written with actress Sophia Loren in mind. 'Yes, it's a portrait of a poor-born girl who becomes a member of the European jet-set. And yes, there's reference to her growing up on the 'back streets of Naples', so I can see why people may think it was written with Sophia Loren in mind. But that's just a coincidence. I really wasn't thinking of anyone specific.'"[5]
The song was written in Copenhagen.[6][7]
In 2009, Sarstedt spoke to a gossip columnist for the Daily Express. He admitted he had lied about the song being about a socialite who died in a fire. He said that the song was about his girlfriend at the time, whom he later married and then divorced. According to Mark Steyn, "Anita is now a dentist in Copenhagen. Peter Sarstedt has spent 40 years singing about wanting to look inside her head. And for most of that time Anita has made a living by looking inside yours."[8]
Reception[edit]
The song was a hit far exceeding Sarstedt's other work, although he is not a one-hit wonder. In 1998 he was earning £60,000 annually in royalties from it.[9]
DJ John Peel repeatedly stated that the song was one of his least favourites. On his show on BFBS radio on 1st July 1989, he said 'It's a terrible, smug, self-satisfied, hideous record. Really have hated it ever since I first heard it'.
The song was used as a soundtrack in Wes Anderson's 2007 film The Darjeeling Limited, and in Jennifer Saunders' 2016 film Absolutely Fabulous: The Movie.
Sequel[edit]
In 1997 Sarstedt recorded a sequel, "The Last of the Breed (Lovely 2)" on his CD England's Lane.[10] This picks up the story of Marie Claire twenty years on, living now in London. It names more people and places, including Belgravia, Ballets Russes, Cape Town, Claridge's, Gstaad, John Galliano, Harrods, Jerusalem, Long Island, Milan, Rudolf Nureyev, Palm Beach, Rio de Janeiro, and Isabella Rossellini.[11] In recent years,[when?] Sarstedt and a co-writer were working on a further sequel, "Farewell Marie-Claire", in which the story was brought to a conclusion. The song was to feature the same waltz feel as the original. But Sarstedt's retirement from the music industry meant that the track was abandoned.[citation needed]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Roberts, David (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: Guinness World Records Limited. pp. 229–30. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
Jump up ^ Lister, David (27 May 1994). "Pop ballads bite back in lyrical fashion". The Independent. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
Jump up ^ Eder, Bruce. "Peter Sarstedt: biography". Allmusic. Retrieved 7 October 2012.
Jump up ^ "Record Details". 45cat. Retrieved 26 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "60's chart topper Peter Sarstedt visits the KZN Midlands". Treeroutes.co.za. Archived from the original on 2014-07-22. Retrieved 2014-03-26.
Jump up ^ Confirmation of this can be found on the CD cover of The Best of Peter Sarstedt, EMI, nr. 8297622, Australian CD.
Jump up ^ "One of those songs by Sarstedt". Sydney Morning Herald. 27 June 1982. Retrieved 2014-05-11.
Jump up ^ Steyn, Mark. "Where Do You Go To My Lovely". Steyn Online. Mark Steyn. Retrieved 10 January 2017.
Jump up ^ Murphy, Peter (27 May 1998). "So Where Did You Go To, My Lovely?". Hot Press. Dublin. Retrieved 2 September 2016.
Jump up ^ England's Lane released as Round Tower RTM CD89
Jump up ^ "Untitled" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 May 2006. Retrieved 26 June 2017.

Preceded by
"(If Paradise Is) Half as Nice" by Amen Corner UK number one single
26 February 1969 Succeeded by
"I Heard It Through the Grapevine" by Marvin Gaye
[hide]
v
t
e
Ivor Novello Awards – Best Song Musically and Lyrically
1960s
She's Leaving Home (1968)
1970s
Where Do You Go To (My Lovely)? (1970)
Something (1971)
Don't Let It Die (1972)
Without You (1973)
Daniel (1974)
Streets of London* (1975)
Don't Cry for Me Argentina (1978)
Baker Street (1979)
1980s
The Logical Song (1980)
Woman in Love (1981)
Memory (1982)
Have You Ever Been in Love (1983)
Every Breath You Take (1984)
Against All Odds (1985)
Nikita (1986)
Don't Give Up (1987)
Something Inside So Strong (1988)
They Dance Alone (1989)
1990s
The Living Years (1990)
Sacrifice (1991)
The Whole of the Moon (1992)
Why (1993)
If I Ever Lose My Faith in You (1994)
Think Twice (1995)
Common People (1996)
Too Much Love Will Kill You (1997)
Paranoid Android (1998)
Believe (1999)
2000s
Strong (2000)
Babylon (2001)
Walk On (2002)
The Other Side (2003)
Leave Right Now (2004)
Dry Your Eyes (2005)
Suddenly I See (2006)
Elusive (2007)
Love Is a Losing Game (2008)
One Day Like This (2009)
2010s
The Fear (2010)
Becoming a Jackal (2011)
The A Team (2012)
Next to Me (2013)
Strong (2014)
Take Me to Church (2015)
Wasn't Expecting That (2016)
Black Man in a White World (2017)
*Awarded as The Best Song
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Where_Do_You_Go_To_(My_Lovely)%3F&oldid=816929225"
Categories:
1969 singles
2006 singles
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Number-one singles in Australia
Irish Singles Chart number-one singles
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Cultural depictions of Pablo Picasso
Songs about The Rolling Stones
Songs about Naples
Songs about Paris
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