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Jaipur
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This article is about the metropoliton area in Rajasthan, India. For its namesake district, see Jaipur district. For other uses, see Jaipur (disambiguation).
Jaipur
Metropolis
Clockwise from top: Jal Mahal, Birla Mandir, Jaipur, Albert Hall Museum, Hawa Mahal, Jantar Mantar
Nickname(s): The Pink City
Jaipur
Jaipur
Show map of Rajasthan Show map of India Show all
Map of Jaipur
Coordinates: 26°54′N 75°48′E / 26.9°N 75.8°E / 26.9; 75.8Coordinates: 26°54′N 75°48′E / 26.9°N 75.8°E / 26.9; 75.8
Country
India
State
Rajasthan
District
Jaipur
Settled
18 October 1727
Founded by
Jai Singh II
Named for
Jai Singh II
Government
• Type
Mayor-council
• Mayor
Ashok Lahoty
Area
• Total
484.64 km2 (187.12 sq mi)
Elevation
431 m (1,414 ft)
Population (2011)[1]
• Total
3,046,189
• Rank
10th India
• Density
6,300/km2 (16,000/sq mi)
Languages
• Official
Hindi
• Regional
Rajasthani
Time zone
IST (UTC+5:30)
Pincode(s)
3020xx
Area code(s)
+91-141
Vehicle registration
RJ-14 (Jaipur South)
RJ-45 (Jaipur North)
RJ-52 (Shahpura)
RJ-41 (Chomu)
RJ-47 (Dudu)
RJ-32 (Kotputli)
Website
www.jaipur.rajasthan.gov.in
Jaipur (/ˈdʒaɪpʊər/ ( listen))[2][3][4] is the capital and the largest city of the Indian state of Rajasthan in Western India. It was founded on 18 November 1727 by Jai Singh II, the ruler of Amer after whom the city is named.[5] As of 2011, the city has a population of 3.1 million, making it the tenth most populous city in the country. Jaipur is also known as the Pink City of India.[6] Jaipur is located 280 km (174 miles) from the Indian capital New Delhi. Jaipur forms a part of the west Golden Triangle tourist circuit along with Agra (240 km, 149 mi).[7] Jaipur is a popular tourist destination in India and serves as a gateway to other tourist destinations in Rajasthan such as Jodhpur (348 km, 216 mi), Jaisalmer (571 km, 355 mi) Udaipur (421 km, 262 mi). and Mount Abu (520 km, 323 mi).
Jaipur is home to two UNESCO World Heritage Sites: the Jantar Mantar and the Amer Fort.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Climate
3 Architecture
4 Demographics
5 Administration and politics
6 Economy
7 Media
8 Culture
8.1 Cuisine
8.2 Languages
9 Places of interest
10 Sports
11 Education
12 Transport
12.1 Road
12.2 Rail
12.3 Air
13 Communication
14 International relations
15 References
16 Further reading
17 External links
History[edit]
Main article: History of Jaipur
Jai Singh II, the founder of Jaipur
The city of Jaipur was founded in 1726 by Jai Singh II, the Raja of Amer who ruled from 1699 to 1743. He planned to shift his capital from Amer, 11 kilometres (7 mi) from Jaipur to accommodate the growing population and increasing scarcity of water.[5] Jai Singh consulted several books on architecture and architects while planning the layout of Jaipur. Under the architectural guidance of Vidyadhar Bhattacharya, Jaipur was planned based on the principles of Vastu shastra and Shilpa Shastra.[8] The construction of the city began in 1726 and took four years to complete the major roads, offices and palaces. The city was divided into nine blocks, two of which contained the state buildings and palaces, with the remaining seven allotted to the public. Huge ramparts were built, pierced by seven fortified gates.[5]
Jaipur is a standout amongst the most socially rich legacy urban areas in India. Established in the year 1727, the city is named after Maharaja Jai Singh II who was the primary organizer of this city. He was a Kachhwaha Rajput and ruled the region in the vicinity of 1699 and 1744.
During the rule of Sawai Ram Singh I, the city was painted pink to welcome the Prince of Wales, later Edward VII, in 1876.[9] Many of the avenues remained painted in pink, giving Jaipur a distinctive appearance and the epithet Pink city.[10] In the 19th century, the city grew rapidly and by 1900 it had a population of 160,000. The wide boulevards were paved and its chief industries were the working of metals and marble, fostered by a school of art founded in 1868. The city had three colleges, including a Sanskrit college (1865) and a girls' school (1867) opened during the reign of the Maharaja Ram Singh II.[11][12]
Climate[edit]
Jaipur lies on a borderline between a hot desert climate and a hot semi-arid climate under the Köppen climate classification "BWh/BSh",[13] receiving over 650 millimetres (26 in) of rainfall annually but most rains occur in the monsoon months between June and September. Temperatures remain relatively high during summer from April to early July having average daily temperatures of around 30 °C (86 °F). During the monsoon there are frequent, heavy rains and thunderstorms, but flooding is not common. The winter months of November to February are mild and pleasant, with average temperatures ranging from 10–15 °C (50–59 °F) and with little or no humidity and cold waves lead to temperatures near freezing.[14]
[hide]Climate data for Jaipur (Jaipur Airport)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
31.7
(89.1) 36.7
(98.1) 42.8
(109) 44.9
(112.8) 48.5
(119.3) 47.2
(117) 46.7
(116.1) 41.7
(107.1) 41.7
(107.1) 40.0
(104) 36.1
(97) 31.3
(88.3) 48.5
(119.3)
Average high °C (°F)
22.4
(72.3) 25.0
(77) 31.0
(87.8) 37.1
(98.8) 40.3
(104.5) 39.3
(102.7) 34.1
(93.4) 32.4
(90.3) 33.8
(92.8) 33.6
(92.5) 29.2
(84.6) 24.4
(75.9) 31.9
(89.4)
Average low °C (°F)
8.4
(47.1) 10.8
(51.4) 16.0
(60.8) 21.8
(71.2) 25.9
(78.6) 27.4
(81.3) 25.8
(78.4) 24.7
(76.5) 23.2
(73.8) 19.4
(66.9) 13.8
(56.8) 9.2
(48.6) 18.8
(65.8)
Record low °C (°F)
−2.2
(28) −2.2
(28) 3.3
(37.9) 9.4
(48.9) 15.6
(60.1) 19.1
(66.4) 20.6
(69.1) 18.9
(66) 15.0
(59) 11.1
(52) 3.3
(37.9) 0.0
(32) −2.2
(28)
Average precipitation mm (inches)
7.0
(0.276) 10.6
(0.417) 3.1
(0.122) 4.9
(0.193) 17.9
(0.705) 63.4
(2.496) 223.3
(8.791) 205.9
(8.106) 66.3
(2.61) 25.0
(0.984) 3.9
(0.154) 4.2
(0.165) 635.4
(25.016)
Average rainy days
0.6 1.0 0.4 0.7 1.4 3.9 11.2 10.0 3.8 1.3 0.4 0.4 35.2
Source: India Meteorological Department (record high and low up to 2010)[15][16]
Architecture[edit]
Amer Fort as seen from jaigarh fort
Ghat ki Guni Tunnel National Highway 11 Jaipur
The city was planned according to Indian Vastu shastra by Vidyadhar Bhattacharya in 1727.[17] There are three gates facing east, west, and north. The eastern gate is called Suraj pol (sun gate), the western gate is called Chand pol (moon gate) and the northern gate faces the ancestral capital of Amer.[8][18]
The city is unusual among pre-modern Indian cities in the regularity of its streets, and the division of the city into six sectors by broad streets 34 m (111 ft) wide. The urban quarters are further divided by networks of gridded streets. Five quarters wrap around the east, south, and west sides of a central palace quarter, with a sixth quarter immediately to the east. The Palace quarter encloses the Hawa Mahal palace complex, formal gardens, and a small lake. Nahargarh Fort, which was the residence of the King Sawai Jai Singh II, crowns the hill in the northwest corner of the old city.[19]
Demographics[edit]
Religion in Jaipur city (2011)
Religion Percent(%)
Hinduism
77.9%
Islam
18.6%
Jainism
2.4%
Other
1.2%
According to provisional report of 2011 census, Jaipur city had a population of 3,073,350.[20] The overall literacy rate for the city is 84.34%. 90.61% males and 77.41% females were literate.[20] The sex ratio was 898 females per 1,000 males. The child sex ratio stood at 854.[20] According to the 2011 census, Hindus form the majority religious group comprising 77.9% of the city's population, followed by Muslims (18.6%), Jains (2.4%) and others (1.0%).[21]
[show]Population Growth of Jaipur City
Census
Pop.
%±
1881 142,600
—
1891 158,900 11.4%
1901 160,000 0.7%
1911 137,100 -14.3%
1921 120,200 -12.3%
1931 144,200 20.0%
1941 175,800 21.9%
1951 291,000 65.5%
1961 403,400 38.6%
1971 636,800 57.9%
1981 1,004,700 57.8%
1991 1,518,200 51.1%
2001 2,322,575 53.0%
2011 3,073,350 32.3%
Source:Census of India[22][23][20]
Administration and politics[edit]
Jaipur Municipal Corporation is responsible for maintaining the city's civic infrastructure and carrying out associated administrative duties. The Municipal Corporation is headed by a mayor.[24] There are 91 wards and each ward is represented by an elected member. Jaipur Development Authority (JDA) is the nodal government agency responsible for the planning and development of Jaipur.[25] Jaipur consists of two parliamentary constituencies Jaipur and Jaipur Rural.[26]
Rajasthan Vidhan Sabha
Economy[edit]
World Trade Park, Jaipur
In addition to its role as the provincial capital, educational, and administrative centre, the economy of Jaipur is fuelled by tourism, gemstone cutting, the manufacture of jewellery and luxury textiles, and information technology.[27] Three major trade promotion organisations have their offices in Jaipur. These are: Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce & Industry, (FICCI) the PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry (PHDCCI) and the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII) which has its regional offices here. In 2008, Jaipur was ranked 31 among the 50 Emerging Global Outsourcing cities.[28] Jaipur Stock Exchange is one of the regional stock exchanges in India and was founded in 1989.[29] Jaipur is a major hub for arts and crafts. It has many traditional shops selling antiques, jewellery, handicrafts, gems, bangles, pottery, carpets, textiles, leather and metal products. Jaipur is one of India's largest manufacturers of hand-knotted rugs.[30][31] Jaipur leg, a rubber-based prosthetic leg for people with below-knee amputations, was designed and is produced in Jaipur.[32][33]
Media[edit]
Major daily newspapers in Jaipur include Amar Ujala[34],Rajasthan Patrika, Dainik Bhaskar, Dainik Navajyoti and The Times of India.[35][36] The state-owned All India Radio is broadcast both on the medium wave and FM band in the city. Private FM stations include Radio Mirchi (98.3 MHz), Radio City (91.1 MHz), My FM (94.3 MHz), FM Tadka 95 FM (95.0 MHz), Red FM 93.5 (93.5 MHz) and Gyan Vani (105.6 MHz). The city has a community FM channel in FM Radio 7 (90.4 MHz) by India International School Institutional Network. The public broadcaster Doordarshan (Prasar Bharati) provides a regional channel in addition to the private broadcasters.
Culture[edit]
Downtown Jaipur
Jaipur has many cultural sites like Jawahar Kala Kendra formed by Architect Charles Correa and Ravindra Manch. Government Central Museum hosts several arts and antiquities. There is a government museum at Hawa Mahal and an art gallery at Viratnagar. There are statues depicting Rajasthani culture around the city.[37][38] Jaipur has many traditional shops selling antiques and handicrafts. The prior rulers of Jaipur patronised a number of arts and crafts. They invited skilled artisans, artists and craftsmen from India and abroad who settled in the city. Some of the crafts include bandhani, block printing, stone carving and sculpture, tarkashi, zari, gota-patti, kinari and zardozi, silver jewellery, gems, kundan, meenakari and jewellery, Lakh ki Chudiya, miniature paintings, blue pottery, ivory carving, shellac work and leather ware.[6][19]
With a wonderful combination of ancient royal heritage and ultra-modern life method Jaipur displays a cool presentation of urban lifestyle.
Jaipur has its own performing arts. The Jaipur Gharana for Kathak is one of the three gharanas of the major north Indian classical dance form of Kathak.[39] The Jaipur Gharana of Kathak is known for its rapid intricate dance forms, vivacious body movements and subtle Abhinaya.[39] The Ghoomar is a popular folk dance style.[40][41][42] Tamasha is an art form where Kathputli puppet dance is shown in play form.[43] Jaipur has four majors fairs and festivals namely Elephant Festival, Gangaur, Kite Festival Jaipur and Teej. Jaipur is also famous for the Jaipur Literature Festival, the world's largest free literature festival in which country-wide authors, writers and literature lovers participate.[44]
Cuisine[edit]
Typical dishes include Dal Baati Churma, Missi Roti, Gatte ki Sabzi, Ker Sangri, Makke ki Ghat, Bajre ki Ghat and Bajre ki Roti.[45] Jaipur is also known for its Sweets which include Ghevar, Feeni, Mawa Kachori, Gajak, meethi thuli, Chauguni ke laddu, and Moong Thal.[46][47]
Languages[edit]
The main language of Jaipur is Rajasthani, Dhundhari, Marwari, Hindi and English are also spoken in the city.[43]
Places of interest[edit]
See also: List of attractions in Jaipur
Jaipur is a major tourist destination in India forming a part of the Golden Triangle. In the 2008 Conde Nast Traveller Readers Choice Survey, Jaipur was ranked the 7th best place to visit in Asia.[48] According to TripAdvisor's 2015 Traveller's Choice Awards for Destination, Jaipur ranked 1st among the Indian destination for the year.[49] The Presidential Suite at the Raj Palace Hotel, billed at US$45,000 per night, was listed in second place on CNN's World's 15 most expensive hotel suites in 2012.[50]
Jaipur Exhibition & Convention Centre (JECC) is Rajasthan’s biggest convention and exhibition centre.[51] It is famous for organising events such as Vastara, Jaipur Jewellery Show, Stonemart 2015 and Resurgent Rajasthan Partnership Summit 2015.[52]
Visitor attractions include the Hawa Mahal, Jal Mahal, City Palace, Amer Fort, Jantar Mantar, Nahargarh Fort, Jaigarh Fort, Sanghiji Jain temple, Galtaji, Govind Dev Ji Temple, Garh Ganesh Temple, Moti Dungri Ganesh Temple Sri Kali Temple, Birla Mandir, Sanganeri Gate and the Jaipur Zoo.[53] The Jantar Mantar observatory and Amer Fort are one of the World Heritage Sites.[54] Hawa Mahal is a five-storey pyramidal shaped monument with 953 windows[55] that rises 15 metres (50 ft) from its high base. Sisodiya Rani Bagh and Kanak Vrindavan are the major parks in Jaipur.[19] Another major tourist attraction is Chokhi Dhani, which is a Rajasthani ethnic village themed resort & restaurant. The place homes a small village with a mix of activities like Camel riding, Maze, Palm reading, Magic Shows, Rajasthani dances and a typical Rajasthani dinner. Raj Mandir is one of the most famous Cinema hall (movie hall) of Jaipur. With changing times city has added various shopping malls. Nahargarh Fort is the main tourist spot and you can see whole Jaipur from the peak of a hill. The best time to visit the fort is at night which will give you a twinkling view of the Jaipur city.
Birla Mandir, Jaipur
Amer Fort
Ganesh Pol of Amer Fort
Jantar Mantar
Digamber Jain temple of Sanghiji, Sanganer
Amer Fort.
JalMahal
Hawa Mahal
City Palace
For people who like to shop for ethnic wear and jewelry may like to visit Bapu Bazaar, Johri Bazaar, Badi Chaupad, MI Road, and some handicraft showrooms.
Sports[edit]
The main cricket stadium in the city, Sawai Mansingh Stadium, has a seating capacity of 23,185 and has hosted national and international cricket matches.[56] Sawai Mansingh Indoor Stadium, Chaugan Stadium and Railway Cricket Ground are the other sporting arenas in the city. The city was represented in the IPL by Rajasthan Royals[57] till 2015, when they were suspended for two seasons and in Pro Kabaddi League by Jaipur Pink Panthers.[58]
Education[edit]
Malaviya National Institute of Technology
Public and private schools in Jaipur are governed by the Central Board of Secondary Education or Rajasthan Board of Secondary Education, International Board of education and follow a "10+2" plan. Languages of instruction include English and Hindi. Admission to graduation colleges in Jaipur, many of which are affiliated to Rajasthan Technical University, is through the RPET. Major institutions include National Institute of Agricultural Management, University of Rajasthan,[59] Indian Institute of Health Management Research, EIIM Edusolutions Institute of Internet Marketing, Malviya National Institute of Technology Jaipur,[60][61] Jaipur National University,[62][63][64][65][66][67] Manipal University, The LNM Institute of Information Technology and IIS University.[68][69]
Transport[edit]
Jaipur BRTS
Jaipur Metro
Jaipur International Airport
Road[edit]
Jaipur is located on National Highway No.8 connecting Delhi and Mumbai. National Highway 12 links Jaipur with Kota and National Highway 11 links Bikaner with Agra passing through Jaipur. RSRTC operates bus service to major cities in Rajasthan, New Delhi, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Punjab and Gujarat. City buses are operated by Jaipur City Transport Services Limited (JCTSL)[70] of RSRTC.[71] The service operates more than 400 regular and low-floor buses. Major bus depots are located at Vaishali Nagar, Vidyadhar Nagar and Sanganer.
Jaipur BRTS was approved by the government in August 2006. Jaipur BRTS is managed by JCSTL, a special purpose vehicle formed by Jaipur Development Authority and Jaipur Nagar Nigam. In Phase I, two corridors have been proposed: a "North-South Corridor" from Sikar Road to Tonk Road and an "East-West Corridor" from Ajmer Road to Delhi Road. A section of the North-South Corridor from bypass near Harmada to Pani Pech became operational in 2010.[72][72][73]
Rail[edit]
Jaipur is the headquarters of North Western Zone of Indian Railways.[74] Jaipur Railway Station is well connected to all major cities of India like Delhi, Mumbai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, Chennai, Bengaluru, Indore, Lucknow and Ahmedabad. Other stations include Gandhinagar, Durgapura, Jagatpura, Ninad Benad and Sanganer.
Jaipur Metro commenced commercial operation on 3 June 2015.[75] Phase-1A is operational between Mansarovar and Chandpole consisting of 9 stations namely Mansarovar, New Aatish Market, Vivek Vihar, Shayam Nagar, Ram Nagar, Civil Line, Railway Station, Sindhi Camp and Chandpole.[76] Phase-1B is under construction. The estimated cost of the project is ₹550 crore (US$86 million)[77] and it is expected to be completed by 2018.
Air[edit]
Jaipur International Airport is in Sanganer, 10 km (6 miles) from the centre. The airport handled 363,899 international and 2,540,451 domestic passengers in 2015–2016.[78] Jaipur Airport also provides air cargo services. During winter, sometimes flights towards Indira Gandhi International Airport are diverted to Jaipur Airport due to heavy fog in Delhi.[79] The airport operates regular domestic services to major Indian cities including Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chennai, Coimbatore, Delhi, Hyderabad, Indore, Kolkata, Mumbai, Pune and Udaipur. International destinations served include Abu Dhabi, Dubai, Muscat, Singapore, Bangkok and Sharjah.
Communication[edit]
Jaipur has companies like Airtel, Vodafone, Jio, Reliance, Idea, BSNL & Tata who are providing Mobile Telephony and also various internet service providers. Govt. of Rajasthan has started Free WiFi at various public places like Central Park, Jantar Mantar etc. Government of Rajasthan also offers one English email ID to every citizen on rajasthan.in or Hindi Email address on राजस्थान.भारत[80] IDN domain. Both English and Hindi domains are not accessible now.
International relations[edit]
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Jaipur is twinned with:
Port Louis, Mauritius
Lagos, Nigeria
Calgary, Alberta,Canada
Fremont, California, USA
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Jump up ^ "The IIS University | ICG becomes THE IIS UNIVERSITY". iisuniv.ac.in. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
Jump up ^ "India leads in the supply of youth globally – Dr Swamy". Changing Tomorrow. Retrieved 2016-02-08.
Jump up ^ "JCSTL Website". Jaipurbus.com. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Rajasthan State Road Transportation Company info". India Transit. Retrieved 4 December 2014.
^ Jump up to: a b "BRTS – JDA Website". JDA. Archived from the original on 26 March 2011. Retrieved 28 March 2011.
Jump up ^ "Traffic Diversion and Flow During Construction of BRTS". Retrieved 27 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "NW Railway". Indian Railways. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "JMRC Notification for commercial operations of metro". Jaipur Metro. Archived from the original on 11 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Metro Stations". jaipurmetrorail.in. Retrieved 27 July 2015.
Jump up ^ "Jaipur Metro Phase-1B Estimated Cost". citi.co.in.
Jump up ^ "Jaipur International Airport". Retrieved 19 February 2011.
Jump up ^ "Flights diverted to Jaipur". Chennai, India: The Hindu. 18 February 2011. Retrieved 19 February 2011.
Jump up ^ "राजस्थान.भारत". http://xn--r2bi6d.xn--81bsj3a4b8ad2j.xn--h2brj9c/. External link in |website= (help)
Further reading[edit]
Bhatt, Kavi Shiromani; Shastry, Mathuranath (1948). Jaipur Vaibhawam (History of Jaipur written in Sanskrit). Re-published in 2002 by Kalanath Shastry, Manjunath Smriti Sansthan, Jaipur.
Khangarot, R.S., Nathawat, P.S. (1990) Jaigarh- The Invincible Fort of Amer. RBSA Publishers, Jaipur.
Sachdev, Vibhuti; Tillotson, Giles Henry Rupert (2002). Building Jaipur: The Making of an Indian City. Reaktion Books, London. ISBN 1-86189-137-7.
Sarkar, Jadunath (1984). A History of Jaipur. Orient Longman Limited, New Delhi. ISBN 81-250-0333-9.
Volwahsen, Andreas (2001). Cosmic Architecture in India: The Astronomical Monuments of Maharaja Jai Singh II, Prestel Mapin, Munich.
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text:
Merit badge (Boy Scouts of America)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For history regarding merit badge types, see History of merit badges (Boy Scouts of America).
Merit badges
Fish and Wildlife Management merit badge
Owner
Boy Scouts of America
Created
1911
Scouting portal
Merit badges are awards earned by youth members of the Boy Scouts of America (BSA), based on activities within an area of study by completing a list of periodically updated requirements.[1] The purpose of the merit badge program is to allow Scouts to examine subjects to determine if they would like to further pursue them as a career or vocation. Originally, the program also introduced Scouts to the life skills of contacting an adult they hadn't met before, arranging a meeting and then demonstrating their skills, similar to a job or college interview. Increasingly, though, merit badges are earned in a class setting at troop meetings and summer camps.[2] Each merit badge has a pamphlet (booklet) published by the Boy Scouts of America associated with it; the pamphlet contains information on completing the requirements for the badge. Scouts must meet up with their Scoutmaster to receive a signed blue card in order to begin working on a merit badge. The Scout then contacts an adult who is registered as a counselor for that merit badge in order to learn which badge requirements they must complete before meeting up with the counselor. Once these requirements are completed, the Scout meets with the counselor to demonstrate that he's completed the requirements. The counselor then 'signs off' on each requirement. After completing the merit badge, the Scout can then buy his merit badge patch.[3]
The award of a merit badge is represented by circular patch with an image representing the badge's topic. The patches for the Eagle-required merit badges are distinguishable by the silver ring on the outside edge. Merit badges are displayed on a sash which can be worn with the Boy Scout uniform on formal occasions. Every year the National Council reviews and updates a certain number of merit badges. There are over 100 merit badges.
Scouting organizations in other countries issue or have issued merit badges, including Canada, Indonesia, Japan, Spain, Thailand, and the United Kingdom. Austria has a program similar to merit badges for certain age groups.
A sample merit badge sash: From left to right, starting at top; 1 Swimming, Mammal Study, Environmental Science; 2 Basketry, Wood Carving, Dog Care; 3 Wilderness Survival, Emergency Preparedness, Bird Study; 4 Public Speaking, Scholarship, Law; 5 Rifle Shooting, Archery, Metalwork; 6 Fish and Wildlife Management, Citizenship in the Nation, Orienteering; 7 Citizenship in the Community, Communications, Personal Management; 8 Soil and Water Conservation, Reptile Study, Lifesaving; 9 Forestry, Citizenship in the World, Safety
Contents
[hide]
1 Required for Eagle Scout
2 Current badges
3 "Colleges"
4 Workbooks
5 Historical program
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Required for Eagle Scout[edit]
The current requirements for Eagle Scout, the highest rank in Boy Scouting, involve earning 21 merit badges including 13 from this list:
Camping.
Cooking.
Swimming, Hiking, or Cycling.
Citizenship in the Community.
Citizenship in the Nation.
Citizenship in the World.
Communication.
Lifesaving and/or Emergency Preparedness.
Environmental Science or Sustainability.
Family Life.
First Aid.
Personal Fitness.
Personal Management.
Current badges[edit]
The last revision date indicates the date of the latest requirement changes; the copyright or printing dates of merit badge pamphlets may have a different date. The Eagle Scout required merit badges are shaded in gray (see above paragraph for details).[4]
Name
Created
Requirements
revision
Pamphlet
revision
Related subjects
American Business 1967 2002 2008 Business, Economy of the United States
American Cultures 1979 2005 2008 Ethnic groups in the United States
American Heritage 1975 2005 2008 History of the United States, Historic preservation
American Labor 1987 2006 2008 Trade unions
Animal Science 1975 2006 2008 Animal husbandry
Animation[5] 2015 2015 2015 Animation
Archaeology 1997 2008 2008 Archaeology
Archery 1911 2012 2008 Archery
Architecture 1911 2008 2008 Architecture
Art 1911 2006 2008 Art
Astronomy 1911 2013 2013 Astronomy
Athletics 1911 2006 2008 Track and field athletics
Automotive Maintenance 2008 2008 2012 Auto mechanics
Aviation 1911 2006 2008 Aviation
Backpacking 1982 2007 2008 Backpacking
Basketry 1927 2003 2008 Basket weaving
Bird Study 1914 2005 2008 Ornithology
Bugling 1911 2003 2008 Bugle
Camping 1911 2005 2008 Camping
Canoeing 1927 2004 2008 Canoeing
Chemistry 1911 2004 2008 Chemistry
Chess 2011 2011 2011 Chess
Citizenship in the Community 1952 2005 2013 Citizenship
Citizenship in the Nation 1951 2005 2008 Citizenship
Citizenship in the World 1972 2005 2008 Global citizenship
Climbing 1997 2006 2008 Climbing
Coin Collecting 1938 2008 2008 Coin collecting
Collections 1991 2008 2008 Collecting
Communication 1968 2003 2008 Communication
Composite Materials 2006 2006 2008 Composite materials
Cooking 1911 2016 2014 Cooking
Crime Prevention 1996 2005 2008 Crime prevention
Cycling 1911 2003 2008 Cycling
Dentistry 1975 2006 2008 Dentistry
Digital Technology 2014 2014 2014 Technology
Disabilities Awareness 1993 2005 2008 Disability
Dog Care 1938 2003 2008 Dogs
Drafting 1965 2008 2008 Technical drawing
Electricity 1911 2004 2008 Electricity
Electronics 1963 2004 2008 Electronics
Emergency Preparedness 1972 2008 2016 Emergency management
Energy 1976 2005 2008 Energy
Engineering 1967 2008 2008 Engineering
Entrepreneurship 1997 2006 2008 Entrepreneurship
Environmental Science 1972 2006 2008 Environmental science
Exploration 2017 2017 2017 Exploring
Family Life 1991 2005 2013 Family values
Farm Mechanics 1928 2008 2008 Agricultural machinery
Fingerprinting 1938 2003 2008 Fingerprinting
Fire Safety 1995 2004 2008 Fire safety
First Aid 1911 2007 2008 First aid
Fish and Wildlife Management 1972 2004 2008 Wildlife management
Fishing 1952 2002 2008 Fishing
Fly Fishing 2002 2002 2008 Fly fishing
Forestry 1911 2005 2008 Forestry
Game Design 2013 2013 2013 Game Design
Gardening 1911 2002 2008 Gardening
Genealogy 1972 2005 2008 Genealogy, Family history
Geocaching 2010 2010 2010 Geocaching
Geology 1953 2005 2008 Geology
Golf 1976 2002 2008 Golf
Graphic Arts 1987 2006 2008 Graphic design
Hiking 1921 2007 2008 Hiking
Home Repairs 1943 2002 2008 Home repairs
Horsemanship 1911 2011 2008 Equestrianism
Indian Lore 1931 2008 2008 Native American culture
Insect Study 1985 2008 2008 Entomology
Inventing[6] 2010 2010 2010 Invention
Journalism 1927 2006 2008 Journalism
Kayaking 2012 2012 2012 Kayaking
Landscape Architecture 1967 2008 2008 Landscape architecture
Law 1974 2003 2008 Law
Leatherwork 1951 2002 2008 Leather crafting
Lifesaving 1911 2008 2008 Lifeguarding
Mammal Study 1985 2003 2008 Zoology
Medicine 1991 2002 2008 Medicine
Metalwork 1927 2007 2008 Metalworking
Mining in Society 2014 2014 2014 Mining
Model Design and Building 1963 2003 2008 Scale models
Motorboating 1961 2008 2008 Motorboat
Moviemaking 2013 2013 2013 Filmmaking
Music 1911 2003 2008 Music
Nature 1952 2003 2008 Nature
Nuclear Science 2005 2011 2008 Nuclear physics
Oceanography 1964 2003 2008 Oceanography
Orienteering 1973 2003 2008 Orienteering
Painting 1911 2008 2008 Paint
Personal Fitness 1952 2006 2008 Physical fitness
Personal Management 1972 2003 2008 Personal finances, time management
Pets 1958 2003 2008 Pets
Photography 1911 2016 2015 Photography
Pioneering 1911 2006 2008 Pioneering
Plant Science 1974 2005 2008 Botany
Plumbing 1911 2004 2008 Plumbing
Pottery 1927 2008 2008 Pottery
Programming 2013 2013 2013 Computer programming
Public Health 1911 2005 2008 Public health
Public Speaking 1932 2002 2008 Public speaking
Pulp and Paper 1972 2006 2008 Pulp, Papermaking
Radio 1923 2008 2008 Radio
Railroading 1952 2003 2008 Rail transport
Reading 1929 2003 2008 Reading
Reptile and Amphibian Study 1993 2005 2008 Herpetology
Rifle Shooting 1988 2001 2008 Rifle, Shooting
Robotics 2011 2011 2011 Robotics
Rowing 1933 2006 2008 Rowing
Safety 1927 2006 2008 Safety
Salesmanship 1927 2003 2008 Sales
Scholarship 1911 2004 2008 Scholarship
Scouting Heritage 2010 2010 2010 History of the Boy Scouts of America
Scuba Diving 2009 2009 2009 Scuba Diving
Sculpture 1911 2007 2008 Sculpture
Search and Rescue 2012 2012 2012 Search and rescue
Shotgun Shooting 1988 2005 2008 Shotgun, shooting
Signs, Signals, and Codes 2015 2015 2015 Signs, signals, codes
Skating 1973 2005 2008 Ice skating, Roller skating
Small-Boat Sailing 1964 2004 2008 Sailing
Snow Sports 1999 2007 2008 Skiing, Snowboarding
Soil and Water Conservation 1952 2004 2008 Soil conservation, Water conservation
Space Exploration 1965 2004 2008 Space exploration
Sports 1972 2011 2008 Sports
Stamp Collecting 1932 2007 2008 Stamp collecting
Surveying 1911 2004 2008 Surveying
Sustainability 2013 2013 2013 Sustainability
Swimming 1911 2014 2008 Swimming
Textile 1973 2003 2008 Textiles
Theater 1967 2005 2008 Theatre
Traffic Safety 1975 2006 2008 Road traffic safety
Truck Transportation 1973 2005 2008 Truck driver
Veterinary Medicine 1995 2005 2008 Veterinary medicine
Water Sports 1969 2007 2008 Waterskiing
Weather 1927 2006 2008 Weather
Welding 2012 2012 2012 Welding
Whitewater 1987 2005 2008 Whitewater rafting
Wilderness Survival 1974 2007 2008 Wilderness, Survival skills
Wood Carving 1923 2006 2008 Wood carving
Woodwork 1923 2003 2008 Woodworking
"Colleges"[edit]
Merit badge colleges (or merit badge universities), which are also called merit badge weekends, merit badge midways, or merit badge jamborees when held at a camporee or jamboree, are events held where several troops or merit badge counselors come together and focus on teaching merit badges.
Workbooks[edit]
Into the 1990s, a number of merit badge counselors developed worksheets as a way for Scouts to document their work. Counselors could teach to a group but still verify each Scout's progress. Today, worksheets have given way to workbooks with added graph paper, blank maps and diagrams, logs, charts, checklists, links, and other resources as needed.[7] Merit badge workbooks are used by counselors, summer camps, and merit badge colleges. Workbooks have also been developed for ranks, Cub Scout belt loops, and Webelos activity pins.
Historical program[edit]
Offered only in 2010, The Historical Merit Badge program, part of the Boy Scouts of America centennial, allowed Scouts to earn the discontinued Carpentry, Pathfinding, Signalling, and Tracking (originally called Stalking) merit badges. The patches for these historical merit badges are distinguished by a gold ring on the outside edge. All were based on merit badges that were among the original 57 issued in 1911.[8][9]
See also[edit]
Discontinued merit badges (Boy Scouts of America)
History of merit badges (Boy Scouts of America)
Original 57 merit badges (Boy Scouts of America)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ The Official BSA Merit Badge Web site
Jump up ^ meritbadge.org on BSA Merit Badge Days policy
Jump up ^ USScouts on Merit Badge
Jump up ^ "Merit Badge Requirements". US Scouts.org Advancement section. Retrieved February 9, 2006.
Jump up ^ "Boy Scouts of America Introduces Animation Merit Badge". PR Newswire. Retrieved 19 May 2015.
Jump up ^ "Boy Scouts and Lemelson-MIT Program introduce Inventing merit badge". Scouting. June 17, 2010. Retrieved June 18, 2010.
Jump up ^ US Scouts workbooks page
Jump up ^ "Historical merit badges help Boy Scouts celebrate Scouting’s past". Scouting. Boy Scouts of America. January 12, 2010. Archived from the original on January 15, 2010. Retrieved January 13, 2010.
Jump up ^ USScouts Historical Badges page
"Merit Badge Library". Boy Scout Requirements. Boy Scouts of America. June 2007. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
"Current Merit Badge Pamphlet and Merit Badge Requirement Revision Dates". U.S. Scouting Service Project. June 5, 2007. Archived from the original on 2000-10-03. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
Steve Henning (July 20, 1999). "Merit Badges, Past and Present". Henning's Scouters' Pages. Retrieved June 6, 2007.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Merit badge (Boy Scouts of America).
"Introduction to Merit Badges". Boy Scouts of America.
"MeritBadge.org".
"Merit Badges". U.S. Scouting Service Project.
"IEEE emeritbadges.org". IEEE.
"Merit Badge reference". Trail To Eagle.
Badge Program: Boy Scouts of America at DMOZ
Scouting: Collectibles: Virtual Collections: Badges and Patches at DMOZ
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