text:
Trafalgar Square Christmas tree
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Christmas carollers gather at the tree two days before Christmas, 2006
The Trafalgar Square Christmas tree in 2008
Lewisham Choral Society singing carols in December 2010
The Trafalgar Square Christmas tree is a Christmas tree donated to the people of Britain by the city of Oslo, Norway each year since 1947.[1] The tree is prominently displayed in Trafalgar Square from the beginning of December until 6 January.
Contents
[hide]
1 History
2 Tree
3 Lighting ceremony and carolling
4 References
5 External links
History[edit]
The Trafalgar Square Christmas tree has been an annual gift to the people of Britain by the city of Oslo as a token of gratitude for British support to Norway during the Second World War.[2]
The tree has provided a central focus for the Trafalgar Square traditional carol-singing programme, performed by different groups raising money for voluntary or charitable organisations.
The tree remains until just before the Twelfth Night of Christmas, when it is taken down for recycling. The tree is chipped and composted, to make mulch.[3]
Tree[edit]
The Trafalgar Square Christmas tree is typically a 50- to 60-year-old Norway spruce, generally over 20 metres tall.[3] The tree is cut in Norway sometime in November during a ceremony attended by the British Ambassador to Norway, Mayor of Oslo, and Lord Mayor of Westminster.[3] After the tree is cut, it is shipped to the UK by boat across the sea.[3] At one time it was shipped to Felixstowe free of charge by a cargo ship of the Fred Olsen Line.[1] As of at least 2007, the tree was shipped across the North Sea to Immingham by DFDS Tor Line.[4] From 2003, it has been the responsibility of Beck & Pollitzer Ltd. to transport, guard and erect the tree in Trafalgar Square.[citation needed]
The Trafalgar Square tree is decorated in a traditional Norwegian style and adorned with 500 white lights.[5] In 2008, the tree utilised low-wattage halogen bulbs which used 3.5 kW of power.[5]
At the base of the tree stands a plaque, bearing the words:
This tree is given by the city of Oslo as a token of Norwegian gratitude to the people of London for their assistance during the years 1940-45.

A tree has been given annually since 1947.
Lighting ceremony and carolling[edit]
The tree lighting ceremony in Trafalgar Square takes place on the first Thursday in December and is attended by thousands of people.[4] The ceremony, led by the Lord Mayor of Westminster, includes a band and choir followed by the switching on of the Christmas lights.[4]
Traditionally, the tree provides a focal point for Christmas carolling groups.[1] For many in London, the tree and the accompanying carolling signals the countdown to Christmas.[3]
Since 2009, the Poetry Society has commissioned new poems annually for display on banners around the base of the tree. In 2010, schoolchildren also performed one of the poems at the lighting-up ceremony.[6]
On November 6th 2016 a children's book called "The Troll of Trafalgar Square" was published by Author Fiona Scott who grew up in London. It was launched in Waterstones book shop in Trafalgar Square.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Baker, Margaret. Discovering Christmas Customs and Folklore: A Guide to Seasonal Rites, (Google Books), Osprey Publishing, 1992, p. 50,(ISBN 0747801754).
Jump up ^ Solholm, Rolleiv (7 December 2013). "Norway's Christmas tree lights up Trafalgar Square". The Norway Post. NRK. Retrieved 7 December 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e "Christmas in Trafalgar Square", Greater London Assembly, official site, 2008, accessed 26 March 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b c Strange, Hannah. "The Trafalgar Christmas Tree" The Times, (London), 6 December 2007, accessed 26 March 2009.
^ Jump up to: a b "Trafalgar Square Christmas tree marks the start of Christmas in Westminster", City of Westminster, 8 December 2008, accessed 26 March 2009.
Jump up ^ "Trafalgar Square Christmas Tree - Wrapped in Poetry". The Poetry Society. 2010. Retrieved 10 December 2010.
External links[edit]
LONDON.GOV.UK - Christmas in Trafalgar Square
Trafalgar Square Christmas Tree on Twitter
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Trafalgar Square Christmas tree.
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Coordinates: 51°30′29″N 0°07′41″W / 51.508157°N 0.128114°W / 51.508157; -0.128114
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On Golden Pond (1981 film)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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On Golden Pond
Movie poster by Bill Gold
Directed by
Mark Rydell
Produced by
Bruce Gilbert
Screenplay by
Ernest Thompson
Based on
On Golden Pond
by Ernest Thompson
Starring
Katharine Hepburn
Henry Fonda
Jane Fonda
Doug McKeon
Dabney Coleman
William Lanteau
Music by
Dave Grusin
Cinematography
Billy Williams
Edited by
Robert L. Wolfe
Production
company
ITC Entertainment
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release date
December 4, 1981 (1981-12-04)
Running time
109 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$15 million[1]
Box office
$119.3 million[2]
On Golden Pond is a 1981 American drama film directed by Mark Rydell. The screenplay by Ernest Thompson was adapted from his 1979 play of the same name.
Henry Fonda won the Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama and the Academy Award for Best Actor in what was his final film role. Co-star Katharine Hepburn won the BAFTA Award for Best Actress in a Leading Role and the Academy Award for Best Actress as did Thompson for his script and there were a further seven Oscar nominations for the film including Jane Fonda who played the daughter. The film co-starred Dabney Coleman and Doug McKeon.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production notes
4 Critical reception
5 Accolades
6 References
7 External links
Plot[edit]
An aging couple, Ethel and Norman Thayer, continue the long tradition of spending each summer at their cottage on a lake called Golden Pond, in the far reaches of northern New England. When they first arrive, Ethel notices the loons calling on the lake "welcoming them home". As they resettle into their summer home, Norman's memory problems arise when he is unable to recognize several family photographs, which he copes with by frequently talking about death and growing old. They are visited by their only child, a daughter, Chelsea, who is somewhat estranged from her curmudgeon of a father. She introduces her parents to her fiance Bill and his thirteen-year-old son Billy. Norman tries to play mind games with Bill, an apparent pastime of his, but Bill won't hear of it, saying he can only take so much. In another conversation, Chelsea discusses with Ethel her frustration over her relationship with her overbearing father, feeling that even though she lives thousands of miles away in Los Angeles, she still feels like she's answering to him. Before they depart for a European vacation, Chelsea and Bill ask the Thayers to permit Billy to stay with them while they have some time to themselves. Norman, seeming more senile and cynical than usual due to his 80th birthday and heart palpitations, agrees to Billy's staying. Ethel tells him that he's the sweetest man in the world, but she is the only one who knows it.
Billy is at first annoyed by being left with elderly strangers with no friends nearby and nothing to do. He resents Norman's brusque manner, but eventually comes to enjoy their Golden Pond fishing adventures together. Billy and Norman soon grow obsessed with catching Norman's fish rival, named "Walter", which leads to the accidental destruction of the Thayers' motorboat. Chelsea returns to find out her father has made good friends with her fiance's, now husband's, son. But when she sees the change in her father's demeanor, Chelsea attempts something Billy accomplished that she never could: a backflip. Chelsea successfully executes the dive in front of a cheering Norman, Billy, and Ethel. Chelsea and Norman finally fully embrace before she departs with Billy back home.
The final day on Golden Pond comes and the Thayers are loading the last of the boxes. Norman tries to move a heavy box, but starts having heart pain and collapses onto the floor of the porch. Ethel tries unsuccessfully to get the operator to phone the hospital. Norman then says the pain is gone and attempts to stand to say a final farewell to the lake. Ethel tells him she has always known about death but for the first time it felt real, thinking Norman was going to die on the spot. Ethel helps Norman to the edge of the lake where they see the loons and Norman notes how they are just like him and Ethel, that their offspring is grown and gone off on her own, and now it is just the two of them.
Cast[edit]
Katharine Hepburn – Ethel Thayer
Henry Fonda – Norman Thayer Jr.
Jane Fonda – Chelsea Thayer Wayne
Doug McKeon – Billy Ray
Dabney Coleman – Bill Ray
William Lanteau – Charlie Martin
Christopher Rydell – Sumner Todd
Production notes[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (April 2014) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Jane Fonda purchased the rights to the play specifically for her father, Henry Fonda, to play the role of the cantankerous Norman Thayer.[3] The father-daughter rift depicted on screen closely paralleled the real-life relationship between the two Fondas.
Screenwriter Thompson spent his summers along the shores of Great Pond, located in Belgrade, Maine, but the film was made on Squam Lake in Holderness, New Hampshire.[4] The house used in the film was leased from a New York physician and was modified significantly for the shoot: an entire second floor was added as a balcony over the main living area at the request of the production designer. After the shoot, the production company was contractually obligated to return the house to its original state but the owner liked the renovations so much that he elected to keep the house that way and asked the crew not to dismantle the second story. A gazebo and a small boathouse were also relocated during the shoot.
Despite their many common acquaintances and long careers in show business, Henry Fonda and Katharine Hepburn not only had never worked together, but had never met until working on the film. On the first day of shooting, Hepburn presented Henry Fonda with her longtime companion Spencer Tracy's "lucky" hat, which Fonda wore in the film. Hepburn, who was 74 at the time of filming, performed all her own stunts, including a dive into the pond. The scene in which Norman and step-grandson Billy run their boat into the rocks was filmed repeatedly. The vintage 1951 mahogany Chris-Craft boat, used strictly for the crash scene, was so sturdy that it kept bouncing off the rocks without any damage.[5][6][7] The crew had to modify the boat so it would break away in the wreck. The water level in Squam Lake was so low during the summer of production that Fonda and Doug McKeon could have stood during the scene in which they were supposedly clinging to the rocks for fear of drowning. The September water was barely knee-deep, but it was cold enough that the pair had to wear wetsuits under their clothes.Hepburn, on the other hand, dove into the water without the aid of the wetsuit because she wanted the scene to keep its authenticity. Some of the scenes in which Billy takes the boat out on his own were filmed on nearby Lake Winnipesaukee. While filming the scene where Fonda and Hepburn were watching the loons on the lake, the speedboat that zoomed by and disturbed them was so forceful it overturned their canoe in one take; Fonda was immediately taken out of the water and wrapped up in blankets as his health was fragile by that time. The speedboat was piloted by the screenwriter, Ernest Thompson.
When visiting Holderness, New Hampshire, one can take a boat tour of Squam Lake and view the filming sites from the movie. There is also a restaurant called "Walter's Basin", which is named after the trout called "Walter" that Billy catches with Norman. For filming, "Walter" was brought in from a trout pond at the nearby Castle in the Clouds estate. He was released after his capture back into Squam Lake. Leftover footage of Fonda and Hepburn driving through the New Hampshire countryside, as seen in the opening credits, was later used for the opening of the CBS television sitcom Newhart.
The studio behind the film was ITC Entertainment, the British company presided over (until late 1981) by Lord Grade, the television and film mogul. It was Grade who largely raised the financing for the film.
With a box office take of $119,285,432, On Golden Pond was the second-highest grossing film of the year, following Raiders of the Lost Ark, which earned $209,562,121.[8]
Critical reception[edit]
Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said "On Golden Pond was a treasure for many reasons, but the best one, I think, is that I could believe it. I could believe in its major characters and their relationships, and in the things they felt for one another, and there were moments when the movie was witness to human growth and change. I left the theater feeling good and warm, and with a certain resolve to try to mend my own relationships and learn to start listening better . . . watching the movie, I felt I was witnessing something rare and valuable."[9]
In his The New York Times review, Vincent Canby said, "As a successful Broadway play, On Golden Pond was processed American cheese, smooth, infinitely spreadable and bland, with color added by the actors . . . the movie . . . still American cheese, but its stars – Henry Fonda, Katharine Hepburn, Jane Fonda and Dabney Coleman – add more than color to this pasteurized product. On Golden Pond now has the bite of a good old cheddar . . . Mr. Fonda gives one of the great performances of his long, truly distinguished career. Here is film acting of the highest order . . . Miss Hepburn . . . is also in fine form. One of the most appealing things about her as an actress is the way she responds to – and is invigorated by – a strong co-star . . . she needs someone to support, challenge and interact with. Mr. Fonda is the best thing that's happened to her since Spencer Tracy and Humphrey Bogart . . . an added pleasure is the opportunity to see Dabney Coleman [in] a role that goes beyond the caricatures he's usually given to play . . . On Golden Pond is a mixed blessing, but it offers one performance of rare quality and three others that are very good. That's not half-bad."[10]
TV Guide rates it 3 ½ out of a possible four stars, calling it "a beautifully photographed movie filled with poignancy, humor, and (of course) superb acting . . . there could have been no finer final curtain for [Henry Fonda] than this."[11] Channel 4 sums up its review by stating, "Henry Fonda and Katharine Hepburn both shine in an impressively executed Hollywood drama. [It] has its mawkish moments but there's a certain pleasure in that, and writer Thompson's analysis of old age is sensitive, thought-provoking and credible."[12]
Not all reviewers were impressed, however. David Kehr of the Chicago Reader called the film "the cinematic equivalent of shrink-wrapping, in which all of the ideas, feelings, characters, and images are neatly separated and hermetically sealed to prevent spoilage, abrasion, or any contact with the natural world . . . Mark Rydell's bright, banal visual style further sterilizes the issues. The film exudes complacency and self-congratulation; it is a very cowardly, craven piece of ersatz art."[13] Time Out London says, "Two of Hollywood's best-loved veterans deserved a far better swan song than this sticky confection."[14] Mad magazine satirized the film as On Olden Pond.
American Film Institute recognition
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies – Nominated[15]
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Passions – No. 22
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movie Quotes:
"Listen to me, mister. You're my knight in shining armor. Don't you forget it. You're going to get back on that horse, and I'm going to be right behind you, holding on tight, and away we're gonna go, go, go!" – #88
"Come here, Norman. Hurry up. The loons! The loons! They're welcoming us back." – Nominated[16]
AFI's 100 Years of Film Scores – #24
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Cheers – #45
AFI's 100 Years... 100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) – Nominated[17]
Accolades[edit]
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
Academy Awards[18]
March 29, 1982 Best Picture Bruce Gilbert Nominated
Best Director Mark Rydell Nominated
Best Actor Henry Fonda Won
Best Actress Katharine Hepburn Won
Best Supporting Actress Jane Fonda Nominated
Best Screenplay Based on Material from Another Medium Ernest Thompson Won
Best Cinematography Billy Williams Nominated
Best Editing Robert L. Wolfe Nominated
Best Original Score Dave Grusin Nominated
Best Sound Richard Portman and David M. Ronne Nominated
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
BAFTA Awards[19]
1984 Best Film Bruce Gilbert Nominated
Best Director Mark Rydell Nominated
Best Actor Henry Fonda Nominated
Best Actress Katharine Hepburn Won
Best Supporting Actress Jane Fonda Nominated
Best Screenplay Ernest Thompson Nominated
Award
Date of ceremony
Category
Recipients and nominees
Result
Golden Globe Awards[20]
1984 Best MotionPicture-Drama Bruce Gilbert Won
Best Director Mark Rydell Nominated
Best Actor Henry Fonda Won
Best Actress Katharine Hepburn Nominated
Best Supporting Actress Jane Fonda Nominated
Best Screenplay Ernest Thompson Won
Others
Directors Guild of America Award for Outstanding Directorial Achievement in Motion Pictures (nominee)
Grammy Award for Best Album of Original Score Written for a Motion Picture or Television Special (nominee)
Writers Guild of America Award for Best Drama Adapted from Another Medium (winner)
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Box Office Information for On Golden Pond. The Wrap. Retrieved April 4, 2013.
Jump up ^ "On Golden Pond, Box Office Information". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved March 9, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Barbarella comes of age", The Age, May 14, 2005. Accessed January 9, 2008. "If Barbarella was an act of rebellion, On Golden Pond (1981) was a more mature rapprochement: Fonda bought the rights to Ernest Thompson's play to offer the role to her father."
Jump up ^ Squam Lake website
Jump up ^ The Brass Bell – Official Publication of the Antique Boat Club serving the interests of owners of Chris Craft and other antique and classic boats. October 1985. p. 10.
Jump up ^ Savage, Jack. "Chris-Craft – Enthusiast Color Series". P. 79
Jump up ^ New Hampshire Business Review. May 1982.
Jump up ^ On Golden Pond at BoxOfficeMojo.com
Jump up ^ Chicago Sun-Times review
Jump up ^ New York Times review
Jump up ^ TV Guide review
Jump up ^ Channel 4 review
Jump up ^ Chicago Reader review
Jump up ^ Time Out London review
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies Nominees
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes Nominees
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) Nominees
Jump up ^ "The 39th Academy Awards (1967) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-08-24.
Jump up ^ "The 34th BAFTA Awards (1984) Nominees and Winners". oscars.org. Retrieved 2011-08-24.
Jump up ^ "The 39th Golden Globe Awards (1982) Nominees and Winners". Retrieved 2017-04-11.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: On Golden Pond (1981 film)
On Golden Pond on IMDb
On Golden Pond at the TCM Movie Database
On Golden Pond at AllMovie
On Golden Pond at Rotten Tomatoes
On Golden Pond at Box Office Mojo
Squam Lake (On Golden Pond) Official Website
Awards
Preceded by
Coming Home Academy Award winner for Best Actor and Best Actress Succeeded by
The Silence of the Lambs
[show]
v
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Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama
A Place in the Sun (1951)
The Greatest Show on Earth (1952)
On the Waterfront (1954)
East of Eden (1955)
Around the World in 80 Days (1956)
The Bridge on the River Kwai (1957)
The Defiant Ones (1958)
Ben-Hur (1959)
Spartacus (1960)
The Guns of Navarone (1961)
Lawrence of Arabia (1962)
The Cardinal (1963)
Becket (1964)
Doctor Zhivago (1965)
A Man for All Seasons (1966)
In the Heat of the Night (1967)
The Lion in Winter (1968)
Anne of the Thousand Days (1969)
Love Story (1970)
The French Connection (1971)
The Godfather (1972)
The Exorcist (1973)
Chinatown (1974)
One Flew Over the Cuckoo's Nest (1975)
Rocky (1976)
The Turning Point (1977)
Midnight Express (1978)
Kramer vs. Kramer (1979)
Ordinary People (1980)
On Golden Pond (1981)
E.T. the Extra-Terrestrial (1982)
Terms of Endearment (1983)
Amadeus (1984)
Out of Africa (1985)
Platoon (1986)
The Last Emperor (1987)
Rain Man (1988)
Born on the Fourth of July (1989)
Dances with Wolves (1990)
Bugsy (1991)
Scent of a Woman (1992)
Schindler's List (1993)
Forrest Gump (1994)
Sense and Sensibility (1995)
The English Patient (1996)
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Who Let the Dogs Out?
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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For the album, see Who Let the Dogs Out (album). For the CBBC TV show, see Who Let the Dogs Out? (CBBC).
"Who Let the Dogs Out?"
Single by Baha Men
from the album Who Let the Dogs Out and Rugrats in Paris: The Movie: Music From the Motion Picture
Released
July 26, 2000
Format
CD single
Recorded
1999
Genre
Soca
junkanoo
calypso
Length
3:18
Label
S-Curve
Songwriter(s)
Anslem Douglas
Producer(s)
Steve Greenberg, Matthew Traynor
Baha Men singles chronology
"That's the Way I Do It"
(1997) "Who Let the Dogs Out?"
(2000) "You All Dat"
(2001)
"That's the Way I Do It"
(1997) "Who Let the Dogs Out?"
(2000) "You All Dat"
(2001)
"Who Let the Dogs Out?" is a song performed by the Bahamian group Baha Men, released as a single on July 26, 2000. Originally written by Anslem Douglas (titled "Doggie") for the Trinidad and Tobago Carnival season of 1998,[1] it was covered by producer Jonathan King under the name Fat Jakk and his Pack of Pets. He brought the song to the attention of his friend Steve Greenberg, who then had the Baha Men cover the song. The song became the band's first hit in the United Kingdom and the United States, and it gained popularity after appearing in Rugrats in Paris: The Movie and its soundtrack album.
The song peaked at number two on the UK Singles Chart, as well as topping the charts in Australia and New Zealand, and reached the Top 40 in the United States. It was Britain's fourth biggest-selling single of 2000, and went on to become one of the highest-selling singles of the decade not to reach number-one. The track went on to win the Grammy for Best Dance Recording on the 2001 Grammy Awards. It was the subject of a major lawsuit over copyright ownership that was settled.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Background
2 Critical reception
3 Music video
4 Use in sporting events
5 Charts and certifications
5.1 Weekly charts
5.2 Certifications
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Background[edit]
Band member Dyson Knight told Vice that the song "...was originally sung by a Trinidadian artist whose name is Anslem Douglas. The manager of the Baha Men at that time heard a version of the song in Europe. He called [Knight's bandmate] Isaiah [Taylor] and told him it was an absolute must that Baha Men record that song, because they had the vibe to make it a huge hit. Isaiah heard the song and said there was 'no way in hell we're recording that song'...Management had the vision, and the Baha Men were reluctant, but the group went in and recorded it anyway."[2]
Critical reception[edit]
In a poll conducted in 2007, by Rolling Stone to identify the 20 most annoying songs, this song was ranked third.[3] It was also ranked first on Spinner's 2008 list of "Top 20 Worst Songs Ever".[4] Rolling Stone also ranked it at No. 8 on a poll to identify the worst songs of the 1990s.[5]
The song was incredibly successful in Europe and Oceania, reaching the top spot in Australia and New Zealand, number 2 in the United Kingdom and Ireland, the Top 5 in Sweden, Norway and the Netherlands, and the Top 10 in Germany, Switzerland, Denmark and Belgium. It also reached number 8 in Brazil. Despite this, however, its success initially didn’t translate to the United States, where it only peaked at number 40. It received fame after being used in the soundtrack to Rugrats in Paris: The Movie and even more so after it became a ubiquitous sports anthem at stadiums and arenas throughout the world, based largely on the efforts of a sports marketing company hired by the song's producer, Steve Greenberg.
Music video[edit]
In the original music video, a parody of Who Wants to Be a Millionaire? (then hosted by Regis Philbin) called presumably "Who Wants to Be a Zillionaire" is depicted at the start, where a contestant is given the zillion dollar question "Who let the dogs out?". The dogs in the video then escape from a police station. In other parts of the video, the dogs chase people around the same area in which the band is performing. One of them includes a mailman.
A new version of the video debuted at the end of the VHS release of Rugrats in Paris: The Movie, where it was re-edited to feature clips of the film throughout. The Millionaire parody at the beginning is also replaced with the photo shoot scene from the movie as well.
Use in sporting events[edit]
The first use of the song at an American sporting event was at Mississippi State University.[6] The university's mascot is the Bulldog, and the university school first played the song during football games in the fall of 1998 using the version sung by Chuck Smooth. It was accompanied by the crowd singing along and the team performing a dance on the field called "The Dawg Pound Rock" just before a kickoff.[7][8] Later the Southeastern Conference ruled that they could not perform the dance on the field, so the team moved it to the sidelines. Several other teams followed suit, and the song quickly became a national phenomenon.[9]
In June 2000, Gregg Greene,[10] then Director of Promotions for the Seattle Mariners, was the first to play the Baha Men's version of "Who Let the Dogs Out" at a Major League Baseball game.[11] He debuted the tune as a joke for the team's backup catcher, Joe Oliver. Two days later, shortstop Alex Rodriguez requested the song be used as his walk-up music, and it quickly became the Mariners team anthem. The Baha Men performed at Safeco Field during a Mariners game in September 2000. The New York Mets, however, have claimed that they were the first MLB team to adopt the song, to which ESPN.com humorously commented "This is a little like scientists arguing over who discovered a deadly virus". The Baha Men recorded a version of the song that changed the chorus to "Who let the Mets out?" and all the lyrics to reflect the team and its players, which was played at Shea Stadium throughout the Mets' 2000 postseason run, including a live performance on the Shea Stadium field before Game 4 of the 2000 World Series against the New York Yankees. The song was written by David Brody of Z100 New York and recorded by the Baha Men initially for Z100. Brody then gave the song to the Mets to play at Shea. Brody has also written songs for the 2006, 2007, and 2015 Mets. Richard Hidalgo used the original song as his entrance music while playing for the Houston Astros.
The song is the theme song for Monster Mutt & Monster Mutt Rottweiler while freestyling in Monster Jam. It was also the first song played at Buffalo Blizzard games after kickoff for the 2001 NPSL season.[clarification needed][citation needed]
In the United Kingdom, the song was quickly appropriated by Liverpool supporters under then-manager Gérard Houllier. Regular chants of 'Hou led the reds out' by Liverpool fans (a reference to Liverpool's cup treble in 2001) were followed soon after by opposition fans' chants of 'Hou had a heart attack' (a reference to Houllier's illness in October 2001).[12]
Charts and certifications[edit]
Weekly charts[edit]
Chart (2000–01)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[13] 1
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[13] 26
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[13] 7
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Wallonia)[13] 27
Brazilian Singles Chart (ABPD)[14] 8
Canada Dance (RPM)[15] 21
Canada Top Singles (RPM)[16] 14
Denmark (Tracklisten)[13] 6
Finland (Suomen virallinen lista)[13] 18
France (SNEP)[13] 60
Germany (Media Control Charts)[17] 6
Ireland (IRMA)[18] 2
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[19] 3
New Zealand (RIANZ)[13] 1
Norway (VG-lista)[13] 3
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[13] 3
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[13] 6
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[20] 2
US Billboard Hot 100[21] 40
US Hot Dance Music/Maxi-Singles Sales (Billboard)[21] 6
US Latin Pop Airplay (Billboard)[21] 35
US Latin Tropical/Salsa Airplay (Billboard)[21] 20
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[21] 18
US Rhythmic Top 40 (Billboard)[21] 22
US Top 40 Tracks (Billboard)[21] 21
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[22]
Platinum 70,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[23]
Platinum 715,000[24]
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
Preceded by
"Teenage Dirtbag" by Wheatus Australian ARIA Singles Chart number-one single
26 November 2000 – 17 December 2000 Succeeded by
"Teenage Dirtbag" by Wheatus
See also[edit]
List of music considered the worst
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Staff writer (3 November 2000). "Dog fight over song". Caribbean News Agency. p. Pg. 3. Archived from the original on 12 May 2010. Retrieved 3 April 2010. Port of Spain, Trinidad CANA – A major legal battle in a New York court over the rights to "Who Let The Dogs Out" was settled. The 1998 calypso which has been transformed into a major international hit by the Bahamian group Baha Men, according to local Press reports. Trinidadian soca artiste Anslem Douglas, who was originally credited as the composer of the calypso, found himself at the centre of a battle over rights to the song. Involved was St. Vincent-born musician Ossie Gurley in whose Toronto recording studio the original calypso was created, and two recording labels – Deston Records and Wingspan Records. Deston Records is the company which gave the song to the Baha Men to record on the S-Curve label, while Wingspan is the record label of rapper Chuck Smooth and Scott Brooks whose release was a Top 10 Billboard Rap Single.
Jump up ^ Hamilton, Brandt (12 January 2015). "The Baha Men Will Outlive Us All". Vice. Retrieved 12 May 2015.
Jump up ^ Rolling Stone. "Rolling Stone : The 20 Most Annoying Songs". Web.archive.org. Archived from the original on 15 December 2007. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
Jump up ^ Top 20 Worst Songs Ever, Spinner, 1 August 2008. Retrieved on 2008-09-13
Jump up ^ Greene, Andy (31 August 2011). "8. Baha Men, 'Who Let the Dogs Out?' Photo - Readers Poll: The Worst Songs of the Nineties". Rolling Stone. Wenner Media LLC. Retrieved 28 December 2015.
Jump up ^ 1999 Egg Bowl on YouTube
Jump up ^ "MSU special teams unit covers the field, cuts a rug – University Wire | HighBeam Research – FREE trial". Highbeam.com. 17 September 1999. Retrieved 2010-10-07. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Baha Men – Who Let The Dogs Out". Ejams.com. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
Jump up ^ "List: Bands". Musicfanfair.ca. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
Jump up ^ Damon Agnos (4 April 2012). "The Dogfather – Page 1 – Music – Seattle". Seattle Weekly. Retrieved 2012-08-07.
Jump up ^ All Things Considered (3 October 2000). "Dog Chant". NPR. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
Jump up ^ "Cheesy Chants For Teams/Players". RedCafe.net. Retrieved 2010-10-07.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k "Austriancharts.at – Baha Men – Who Let the Dogs Out" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40.
Jump up ^ "Brazil" (PDF). ABPD. October 6, 2001. Retrieved April 1, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Who let the dogs out in Canadian Dance Top 40 Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "Who let the dogs out in Canadian Top Singles Chart". Library and Archives Canada. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
Jump up ^ German Singles Chart Charts-surfer.de (Retrieved 10 April 2008)
Jump up ^ Irish Single Chart Irishcharts.ie Archived 3 June 2009 at WebCite (Retrieved 10 April 2008)
Jump up ^ "Single top 100 over 200" (PDF) (in Dutch). Top40. Retrieved 17 April 2010.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g "Baha Men awards on AllMusic". AllMusic. Retrieved 5 June 2013.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Charts – Accreditations – 2000 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Baha Men – Who Let the Dogs Out?". British Phonographic Industry. Enter Who Let the Dogs Out? in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ Miller, Adam (5 March 2015). "20 of the biggest selling singles of the 2000’s you’ve already forgotten". Internet Archive. EntertainmentWise. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 2 February 2016.
External links[edit]
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[hide]
v
t
e
Baha Men
Albums
Junkanoo!
Kalik
I Like What I Like
Doong Spank
2 Zero 0-0
Who Let the Dogs Out
Move It Like This
Holla!
Ride with Me
Singles
"Dancing in the Moonlight"
"Who Let the Dogs Out?"
"You All Dat"
"The Best Years of Our Lives"
"Move It Like This"
"We Rubbin'"
Related articles
My Father the Hero
Steve Greenberg
Stanley
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Kick the bucket
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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To kick the bucket is an English idiom, considered a euphemistic, informal, or slang term meaning 'to die'.[1] Its origin remains unclear, though there have been several theories.
Contents
[hide]
1 Origin theories
2 American variations
3 See also
4 References
Origin theories[edit]
A common theory is that the idiom refers to hanging, either as a method of execution or suicide. However, there is no evidence to support this. Its earliest appearance is in the Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue (1785), where it is defined as 'to die'.[2] In John Badcock's slang dictionary of 1823, the explanation is given that "One Bolsover having hung himself from a beam while standing on a pail, or bucket, kicked this vessel away in order to pry into futurity and it was all UP with him from that moment: Finis".[3]
The theory favoured by the OED relates to the alternative definition of a bucket as a beam or yoke that can be used to hang or carry things on.[2][4] The "bucket" may refer to the beam on which slaughtered pigs are suspended. The animals may struggle on the bucket, hence the expression.[2] The word "bucket" still can be used today to refer to such a beam in the Norfolk dialect.[5] It is thought that this definition came from the French word trébuchet or buque, meaning balance.[2][4] William Shakespeare used the word in this sense in his play Henry IV Part II where he says:[2]
Swifter than he that gibbets on the Brewers Bucket.
—  William Shakespeare, Henry IV Part II
A third theory suggests that the origin of the phrase comes from the Catholic custom of holy-water buckets:[6]
After death, when a body had been laid out ... the holy-water bucket was brought from the church and put at the feet of the corpse. When friends came to pray... they would sprinkle the body with holy water ... it is easy to see how such a saying as "kicking the bucket " came about. Many other explanations of this saying have been given by persons who are unacquainted with Catholic custom
—  The Right Reverend Abbot Horne, Relics of Popery
Alternatively, in the moment of death a person stretches his legs (in Spanish Estirar la pata means 'to die') and so might kick the bucket placed there.
Yet another theory seeks to extend the saying beyond its earliest use in the 16th century with reference to the Latin proverb Capra Scyria, the goat that is said to kick over the pail after being milked (920 in Erasmus' Adagia). Thus a promising beginning is followed by a bad ending or, as Andrea Alciato phrased it in the Latin poem accompanying the drawing in his Emblemata (1524), 'Because you have spoilt your fine beginnings with a shameful end and turned your service into harm, you have done what the she-goat does when she kicks the bucket that holds her milk and with her hoof squanders her own riches'.[7] Here it is the death of one's reputation that is in question.
American variations[edit]
At one time the American and Caribbean expression 'kickeraboo' used to be explained as a deformed version of 'kick the bucket'.[8] The expression occurs as the title of a mid-19th century American minstrel ballad with the ending 'Massa Death bring one bag and we Kickeraboo'.[9] However, it is now thought that it may have derived from a native word in one of the West African creoles. The expression 'kek(e)rebu' is first recorded in 1721 with the meaning 'to die' in the Krio language of Sierra Leone.[10] Earlier still 'Kickativoo' is recorded in Ghana (then known as the Gold or Slave Coast). In 1680 it referred to the capsizing of a canoe but also had the meaning 'to die'.[11]
Whatever African American usage might have been in the 19th century, by the 20th century they were using the idiom 'kick the bucket'. It occurs in the jazz classic Old Man Mose, recorded by Louis Armstrong in the US in 1935, and in the West Indies it figured in the title of the reggae hit “Long Shot kick de bucket”, recorded by The Pioneers in 1969. In the case of the latter, the song refers to the death of a horse.
In North America, a variation of the idiom is 'kick off'.[12] A related phrase is to "hand in one's dinner pail", a bucket that contains a worker's dinner.[5] Another variation, 'bucket list', or a list of things to do before one dies, is derived from to kick the bucket.[13] .
See also[edit]
List of expressions related to death
References[edit]
Look up kick the bucket in Wiktionary, the free dictionary.
Jump up ^ Oxford Advanced Dictionary of Current English, 4th Ed. (1989)
^ Jump up to: a b c d e The Phrase Finder
Jump up ^ Slang: a dictionary of the turf, the ring, the chase, the pit, of bon-ton, and the varieties of life, London 1823, p.18
^ Jump up to: a b "Bucket." The Oxford English Dictionary. 2nd ed. 1989.
^ Jump up to: a b Oxford Dictionary of Idioms, p. 159
Jump up ^ "Relics of Popery", Catholic Truth Society London
Jump up ^ Emblem 160
Jump up ^ John Camden Hotton, The Slang Dictionary, London 1865, pp. 164–65
Jump up ^ Lubrano broadside ballad collection 68
Jump up ^ On the Anglophone Creole item kekrebu, American English 30/3, 1985, pp. 281–83
Jump up ^ Magnus Huber, Ghanaian Pidgin English in Its West African Context, John Benjamins Publishing Co. 1999, p. 24
Jump up ^ Cambridge Advanced Learner's Dictionary, p. 787
Jump up ^ "Definition of bucket list". Merriam-Webster. Retrieved 21 March 2014.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Kick_the_bucket&oldid=837842229"
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Primary Rate Interface
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This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (January 2016) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The Primary Rate Interface (PRI) is a telecommunications interface standard used on an Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) for carrying multiple DS0 voice and data transmissions between the network and a user.
PRI is the standard for providing telecommunication services to enterprises and offices. It is based on T-carrier (T1) transmission in the US, Canada, and Japan, while the E-carrier (E1) is common in Europe and Australia. The T1 line consists of 23 bearer (B) channels and one data (D) channel for control purposes,[1] for a total bandwidth of 24x64-kbit/s or 1.544 Mbit/s. The E1 carrier provides 30 B- and two D-channels for a bandwidth of 2.048 Mbit/s.[2] The first timeslot on the E1 is used for synchronization purposes and is not considered to be a B- or D-channel. The D-channel typically uses timeslot 16 on an E1, while it is timeslot 24 for a T1. Fewer active bearer channels, sometimes called user channels, may be used in fractional T1 or E1 services.
Contents
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1 ISDN service types
2 Application
3 See also
4 References
ISDN service types[edit]
The Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) prescribes two levels of service:[3]
Basic Rate Interface (BRI): two 64-kbit/s B channels and one 16-kbit/s D channel, intended for small enterprises and residential service.
Primary Rate Interface (PRI) for large organizations, with one 64-kbit/s D channel and 23 (1.536 Mbit/s T1, a.k.a. "23B + D") or 30, 64-kbit/s B channels (2.048 Mbit/s E1, a.k.a. "30B + 2D").
Each B-channel carries data, voice, and other services. The D-channel carries control and signaling information. Larger connections are possible using PRI pairing. A dual T1-PRI could have 24 + 23 = 47 B-channels and 1 D-channel (often called "47B + D"), but more commonly has 46 B-channels and 2 D-channels thus providing a backup signaling channel. The concept applies to E1s as well and both can include more than 2 PRIs. When configuring multiple T1's as ISDN-PRI's, it's possible to use NFAS (non-facility associated signalling) to enable one or two D-channels to support additional B-channels on separate T1 circuits.
Application[edit]
The Primary Rate Interface channels are typically used by medium to large enterprises with digital private branch exchange (PBX) telephone systems to provide digital access to the public switched telephone network (PSTN). The B-channels may be used flexibly and reassigned when necessary to meet special needs such as video conferences.
PRI channels and direct inward dialing are also common as a means of delivering inbound calls to voice over IP gateways from the PSTN.
See also[edit]
Non-Facility Associated Signalling
H channel
Caller ID spoofing
References[edit]
Jump up ^ https://books.google.com/books?id=0LyDQgAACAAJ&dq=newton%27s+telecom+dictionary+16th+edition
Jump up ^ https://www.itu.int/rec/T-REC-I.412-198811-I/en
Jump up ^ "A Technical Coverage of Primary Rate Interface (PRI)". ISPFast. Retrieved 18 June 2015.
This article incorporates public domain material from the General Services Administration document "Federal Standard 1037C".
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Primary_Rate_Interface&oldid=826012966"
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