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Meant to Be (Bebe Rexha song)
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"Meant to Be"
Single by Bebe Rexha featuring Florida Georgia Line
from the album All Your Fault: Pt. 2 and Expectations
Released
October 24, 2017 (2017-10-24)
Format
Digital download
Genre
Country pop[1]
Length
2:43
Label
Warner Bros.
Songwriter(s)
Bleta Rexha
Tyler Hubbard
Josh Miller
David Garcia
Producer(s)
Wilshire
Bebe Rexha singles chronology
"Back to You"
(2017) "Meant to Be"
(2017) "Home"
(2017)
"Back to You"
(2017) "Meant to Be"
(2017) "Home"
(2017)[2]
Florida Georgia Line singles chronology
"Let Me Go"
(2017) Let Me Go2017 "Meant to Be"
(2017) Meant to Be2017 "Up Down"
(2017) Up Down2017
"Meant to Be" is a song recorded by American singer Bebe Rexha, featuring American country music duo Florida Georgia Line, from her third extended play (EP) All Your Fault: Pt. 2 and upcoming debut studio album Expectations. It was released to American contemporary hit radio on October 24, 2017, by Warner Bros. Records as the second single from the EP.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Music video
2 Commercial performance
3 Track listing
4 Charts
5 Certifications
6 Release history
7 References
8 External links
Music video[edit]
The music video directed by Sophie Muller was released on October 23, 2017, and it was filmed in Albuquerque, New Mexico.[4] As of April 2018 the video has over 340 million views on YouTube.[5]
Commercial performance[edit]
"Meant to Be" entered the US Billboard Hot 100 at number 61 on the chart dated November 11, 2017. It has since peaked at number two behind Drake's "God's Plan", becoming Rexha's third top ten hit and her first as a solo lead artist, as well as the second top ten hit for Florida Georgia Line. It is Rexha's highest-charting single on the chart, surpassing "Me, Myself & I".[6]
It also debuted atop the Hot Country Songs chart, becoming Rexha's first entry on that chart and Florida Georgia Line's sixth number one. Rexha also became the first female artist to ever debut atop the chart and the third artist overall in country music history.[7][8] The song has spent 21 weeks at number one on the Hot Country Songs chart, surpassing Taylor Swift's "We Are Never Ever Getting Back Together" as the longest-running number one song on the chart for a lead female artist.[9] The song has sold 860,000 copies in the United States as of April 2018.[10]
Track listing[edit]
Digital download[11]
"Meant to Be" (Acoustic) – 2:38
Charts[edit]
Chart (2017–18)
Peak
position
Australia (ARIA)[12]
2
Austria (Ö3 Austria Top 40)[13]
49
Belgium (Ultratop 50 Flanders)[14]
44
Belgium (Ultratip Wallonia)[15]
12
Brazil (Billboard Brasil Hot 100)[16]
93
Canada (Canadian Hot 100)[17]
7
Canada AC (Billboard)[18]
25
Canada CHR/Top 40 (Billboard)[19]
15
Canada Country (Billboard)[20]
7
Canada Hot AC (Billboard)[21]
6
Czech Republic (Rádio Top 100)[22]
61
Czech Republic (Singles Digitál Top 100)[23]
23
Denmark (Tracklisten)[24]
38
Germany (Official German Charts)[25]
57
Greece (IFPI Greece)[26]
40
Hungary (Stream Top 40)[27]
28
Ireland (IRMA)[28]
22
Israel (Media Forest TV Airplay)[29]
1
Latvia (Latvijas Top 40)[30]
31
Malaysia Streaming (RIM)[31]
20
Netherlands (Dutch Top 40)[32]
7
Netherlands (Single Top 100)[33]
18
New Zealand (Recorded Music NZ)[34]
5
Norway (VG-lista)[35]
5
Philippines (Philippine Hot 100)[36]
37
Portugal (AFP)[37]
54
Scotland (Official Charts Company)[38]
5
Singapore (RIAS)[39]
28
Slovakia (Rádio Top 100)[40]
57
Slovakia (Singles Digitál Top 100)[41]
28
Sweden (Sverigetopplistan)[42]
8
Switzerland (Schweizer Hitparade)[43]
34
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[44]
11
US Billboard Hot 100[45]
2
US Adult Contemporary (Billboard)[46]
11
US Adult Top 40 (Billboard)[47]
1
US Country Airplay (Billboard)[48]
1
US Hot Country Songs (Billboard)[49]
1
US Mainstream Top 40 (Billboard)[50]
2
US Rhythmic (Billboard)[51]
33
Preceded by
"Greatest Love Story"
by Lanco Billboard Hot Country Songs
number-one single
December 16, 2017–April 28, 2018 Succeeded by
incumbent
Preceded by
"Singles You Up"
by Jordan Davis Billboard Country Airplay
number-one single
April 28, 2018
Certifications[edit]
Region
Certification
Certified units/Sales
Australia (ARIA)[52]
3× Platinum 210,000^
Denmark (IFPI Denmark)[53]
Gold 45,000^
New Zealand (RMNZ)[54]
Platinum 30,000*
Norway (IFPI Norway)[55]
Platinum 10,000*
Sweden (GLF)[56]
2× Platinum 80,000^
Switzerland (IFPI Switzerland)[57]
Gold 15,000^
United Kingdom (BPI)[58]
Silver 200,000
United States (RIAA)[59]
2× Platinum 860,000[10]
*sales figures based on certification alone
^shipments figures based on certification alone
sales+streaming figures based on certification alone
Release history[edit]
Country
Date
Format
Label
Ref.
United States
October 24, 2017 Contemporary hit radio Warner Bros. [3]
November 20, 2017 Country radio
Warner Bros.
BMLG
[60]
Italy
February 2, 2018 Contemporary hit radio Warner [61]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "All Your Fault: Pt. 2 – EP by Bebe Rexha on iTunes". iTunes Store (US). Retrieved December 7, 2017. Jamaica's Kranium sings on the dancehall duet "Comfortable" and Florida Georgia Line lend their radiant harmonies to "Meant to Be," a country-pop smash designed to cross over.
Jump up ^ "Music Meeting for November 21". Play IGA. Archived from the original on 21 November 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Top 40/M Future Releases". All Access Media Group. Archived from the original on October 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ Wass, Mike (October 23, 2017). "Bebe Rexha & Florida Georgia Line's 'Meant To Be' Video Is A Slice Of Americana". Idolator. Retrieved October 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha – Meant to Be (feat. Florida Georgia Line) [Official Music Video]". YouTube. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Drake's 'God's Plan' Rules Billboard Hot 100 for Seventh Week; Zedd, Maren Morris & Grey's 'The Middle' Hits Top 10". Billboard. Retrieved 2018-03-12.
Jump up ^ Asker, Jim; Trust, Gary (December 4, 2017). "Bebe Rexha & Florida Georgia Line Are 'Meant to Be' Atop Hot Country Songs Chart". Billboard. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "On the Charts: Bebe Rexha, Florida Georgia Line Achieve Rare Country Feat". Rolling Stone. December 5, 2017. Retrieved December 17, 2017.
Jump up ^ Trust, Gary (December 12, 2017). "Drake's 'God's Plan' Dominates Billboard Hot 100 for Third Week & Three Songs Enter Top 10". Billboard. Retrieved December 16, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Bjorke, Matt (April 9, 2018). "Top 30 Digital Country Singles: April 10, 2018". Roughstock. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "iTunes - Music - Meant to Be (Acoustic) - Single by Bebe Rexha". iTunes Store.
Jump up ^ "Australian-charts.com – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be". ARIA Top 50 Singles. Retrieved January 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Austriancharts.at – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be" (in German). Ö3 Austria Top 40. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be" (in Dutch). Ultratop 50. Retrieved April 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Ultratop.be – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be" (in French). Ultratip. Retrieved January 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Rankings". Billboard Brasil (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on April 16, 2018. Retrieved April 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Canadian Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Canada AC)". Billboard. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Canada CHR/Top 40)". Billboard. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Canada Country)". Billboard. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Canada Hot AC)". Billboard. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201809 into search. Retrieved March 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "ČNS IFPI" (in Czech). Hitparáda – Digital Top 100 Oficiální. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201814 into search. Retrieved April 12, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Track Top-40 Uge 4, 2018". Hitlisten. Retrieved January 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Offiziellecharts.de – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be". GfK Entertainment Charts. Retrieved April 13, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Greece Official IFPI Charts Digital Singles Chart: Feb 5, 2018". IFPI Charts. Retrieved March 8, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Archívum – Slágerlisták – MAHASZ" (in Hungarian). Stream Top 40 slágerlista. Magyar Hanglemezkiadók Szövetsége. Retrieved December 7, 2017.
Jump up ^ "IRMA – Irish Charts". Irish Recorded Music Association. Retrieved April 14, 2018.
Jump up ^ "מדיה פורסט - לדעת שאתה באוויר". Mediaforest.biz. Retrieved December 31, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Latvijas Top 40". Latvijas Radio. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Top 20 Most Streamed International & Domestic Singles in Malaysia : Week 49 (1/12/2017 – 7/12/2017)" (PDF). Recording Industry Association of Malaysia. Retrieved February 16, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Nederlandse Top 40 – week 10, 2018" (in Dutch). Dutch Top 40 Retrieved March 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Dutchcharts.nl – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be" (in Dutch). Single Top 100. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "NZ Top 40 Singles Chart". Recorded Music NZ. January 29, 2018. Retrieved January 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ "VG-lista – Topp 20 Single uke 1, 2018". VG-lista. Retrieved January 6, 2018.
Jump up ^ "BillboardPH Hot 100". Billboard Philippines. Retrieved January 9, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Portuguesecharts.com – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved April 3, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official Scottish Singles Sales Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Singapore Top 30 Digital Streaming Chart Week 2" (PDF). Recording Industry Association (Singapore). Archived from the original (PDF) on January 19, 2018.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Radio Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201816 into search. Retrieved April 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ "SNS IFPI" (in Slovak). Hitparáda – Singles Digital Top 100 Oficiálna. IFPI Czech Republic. Note: insert 201748 into search. Retrieved December 4, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Sverigetopplistan – Sveriges Officiella Topplista". Sverigetopplistan. Retrieved February 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Swisscharts.com – Bebe Rexha feat. Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be". Swiss Singles Chart. Retrieved February 26, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Official Singles Chart Top 100". Official Charts Company. Retrieved March 31, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved March 27, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Adult Contemporary)". Billboard. Retrieved April 25, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Adult Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Country Airplay)". Billboard. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Hot Country Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved December 5, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Pop Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved April 10, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha Chart History (Rhythmic)". Billboard. Retrieved April 17, 2018.
Jump up ^ "ARIA Australian Top 50 Singles". Australian Recording Industry Association. March 26, 2018. Retrieved March 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Bebe Rexha & Florida Georgia Line "Mean to Be"". IFPI Denmark. April 17, 2018. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
Jump up ^ "New Zealand single certifications – Bebe Rexha and Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be". Recorded Music NZ. Retrieved February 2, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Norwegian single certifications – Bebe Rexha – Meant to Be" (in Norwegian). IFPI Norway. Retrieved April 7, 2018.
Jump up ^ "Guld- och Platinacertifikat" (in Swedish). IFPI Sweden. Retrieved April 6, 2018. Type Bebe Rexha in the top right search bar. Click on "Sok" and select Meant to Be and see certification.
Jump up ^ "The Official Swiss Charts and Music Community: Awards (Bebe Rexha; 'Meant to Be')". IFPI Switzerland. Hung Medien. Retrieved February 28, 2018.
Jump up ^ "British single certifications – Bebe Rexha Ft Florida Georgia Line – Meant to Be". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved April 6, 2018. Enter Meant to Be in the search field and then press Enter.
Jump up ^ "American single certifications – Bebe Rexha – Meant to Be". Recording Industry Association of America. Retrieved April 5, 2018. If necessary, click Advanced, then click Format, then select Single, then click SEARCH
Jump up ^ "Future Releases for Country Radio Stations". All Access Media Group. Archived from the original on November 19, 2017. Retrieved November 19, 2017.
Jump up ^ http://radiodate.it/radio-date/bebe-rexha-feat-florida-georgia-line-meant-to-be-177349-02-02-2018-radiodate/
External links[edit]
Music video on YouTube
Lyrics of this song at MetroLyrics
[show]
v
t
e
Bebe Rexha
Studio albums
Expectations
Extended plays
I Don't Wanna Grow Up
All Your Fault: Pt. 1
All Your Fault: Pt. 2
Singles
"I Can't Stop Drinking About You"
"I'm Gonna Show You Crazy"
"Gone"
"Me, Myself & I"
"No Broken Hearts"
"In the Name of Love"
"I Got You"
"The Way I Are (Dance with Somebody)"
"Meant to Be"
"Home"
"Push Back"
Featured singles
"Take Me Home"
"Hey Mama"
"All the Way"
"That's How You Know"
"Battle Cry"
"Back to You"
Concert tours
All Your Fault Tour
Related articles
Discography
Black Cards
[show]
v
t
e
Florida Georgia Line
Tyler Hubbard
Brian Kelley
Studio albums
Here's to the Good Times (2012)
Anything Goes (2014)
Dig Your Roots (2016)
EPs
It'z Just What We Do (2012)
Notable singles
"Cruise"
"Get Your Shine On"
"Round Here"
"Stay"
"This Is How We Roll" (with Luke Bryan)
"Dirt"
"Sun Daze"
"Sippin' on Fire"
"Anything Goes"
"Confession"
"H.O.L.Y."
"May We All" (with Tim McGraw)
"God, Your Mama, and Me" (with Backstreet Boys)
"Smooth"
Collaboration singles
"Let Me Go" (with Hailee Steinfeld, Alesso, and Watt)
"Meant to Be" (with Bebe Rexha)
"Up Down" (with Morgan Wallen)
Related articles
Discography
Joey Moi
"Tippin' Point"
"Hope You Get Lonely Tonight"
"Burnin' It Down"
"Lights Come On"
"You Make It Easy"
"Happens Like That"
Tours
Anything Goes Tour
Dig Your Roots Tour
Smooth Tour
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Meant_to_Be_(Bebe_Rexha_song)&oldid=838499795"
Categories:
2017 songs
2017 singles
Warner Bros. Records singles
Bebe Rexha songs
Florida Georgia Line songs
Songs written by Bebe Rexha
Vocal duets
Billboard Adult Top 40 number-one singles
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Songs written by Tyler Hubbard
Hidden categories:
CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
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Music infoboxes with deprecated parameters
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Singlechart usages for Australia
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text:
Gun laws in Tennessee
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Location of Tennessee in the United States
Gun laws in Tennessee regulate the sale, possession, and use of firearms and ammunition in the state of Tennessee in the United States.
Contents
[hide]
1 Summary tables
2 Carrying of Firearms
2.1 Carrying Handguns
2.2 Vehicle Transportation
3 Preemption
4 References
Summary tables[edit]
Subject/Law
Long guns
Handguns
Relevant Statutes
Notes
State permit to purchase? No No None No
Firearm registration? No No None No
Assault weapon law? No No None No
Magazine capacity restriction? No No
Owner license required? No No None No
Carry permits required? No* Yes T.C.A. § 39-17-1351[1] Permits are "shall-issue". Concealed or open carry of a handgun is allowed with permit.
As of July 1, 2014, due to the enhanced Castle Doctrine law, a person may keep a loaded handgun or long gun in their private vehicle without a permit.[2]
As of July 1, 2017, persons who can legally possess/purchase a firearm and are protected by a protection order may carry a handgun without a license for 60 days from the date of the protection order being issued.[3][4]
*Loaded long gun carry in public is generally illegal, with exceptions for activities such as hunting in approved areas. Unloaded long gun carry is not prohibited.
Open carry permitted? Yes Yes T.C.A. § 39-17-1307
T.C.A. § 39-17-1308[1] Open carry of loaded handguns is permitted for those who have been issued a license to carry. Long guns may only be carried unloaded.
State preemption of local restrictions? Yes Yes T.C.A. § 39-17-1314[1] State preemption per T.C.A. § 39-17-1314(a).[1] Local governments may post signs per T.C.A. § 39-17-1359[1] to prohibit carry on government property. Local government may not, however, prohibit firearms in locally owned/operated parks and other recreational areas.[5]
NFA weapons restricted? No No None On July 1, 2003 public chapter 275 is in effect.
Shall Certify? Yes Yes T.C.A. § 39-17-1361 Shall certify within 15 days.
Peaceable journey laws? No No None Federal rules observed.
Self-defense law Yes Yes T.C.A. § 39-11-611[1] There is no duty to retreat before using deadly force, as long as you are acting lawfully and are in a place you have a right to be in. It is presumed you had a reasonable fear of imminent death or serious bodily injury if someone unlawfully and forcibly enters a residence, business, dwelling or vehicle.
Background checks required for private sales? No No None
Places off-limits even with a Handgun Carry Permit
Location
Relevant Statutes
Notes/Exceptions
Public Establishment where Alcoholic Beverages of any type are served T.C.A. § 39-17-1321[1] It is illegal for anyone to possess a handgun while under the influence of alcohol or any other controlled substance. It is lawful to possess a firearm on the premises of a public place where alcoholic beverages are served as long as such individual is not consuming alcoholic beverages. The allowable BAC for a handgun carry permit holder in public possession of a loaded firearm is exactly 0.0%, zero tolerance. Blood tests can establish intoxication by narcotics. Peaceable journey laws apply, and if an HCP holder has a drink, it is allowable to unload the firearm and lock it in the trunk of the vehicle, provided that the driver is under 0.08% BAC.
Any room where a judicial proceeding is taking place T.C.A. § 39-17-1306[1] If a proceeding is not taking place in a courtroom, then carry would be legal. If a judicial proceeding is taking place in any room, say a hospital room, then carry would be illegal.
Schools T.C.A. § 39-17-1309
T.C.A. § 39-17-1310
T.C.A. § 39-17-1313[1] T.C.A. § 49-7-163 Possession of any firearm is prohibited on school property outside of a private vehicle. Vehicle transportation of an unloaded firearm without a carry permit is legal on school property if you are a non-student adult and you do not remove, utilize, or allow to be removed or utilized the weapon from the vehicle (T.C.A. § 39-17-1309(c)(1).[1] Per T.C.A. § 39-17-1313, a student with a valid handgun carry permit may have loaded firearm in a vehicle, as long as the firearm is locked in a container, glove box, or trunk, and is not utilized or removed.
Tenn. Code Ann. § 49-7-163 prohibits post-secondary institutions from taking “any adverse or disciplinary action against an employee or student of the postsecondary institution solely for such person's transportation and storage of a firearm or firearm ammunition in compliance with § 39-17-1313 while on or using a parking area located on property owned, used, or operated by the postsecondary institution.”
"Some" Local Public Parks T.C.A. § 39-17-1311,[1] HB0995[5] If you have a Handgun Carry Permit, carry in State and local parks is legal by default. The final bill includes language stating that someone with a handgun permit may not be within the “immediate vicinity” of a school-sponsored park event, though it does not provide a clear definition of “immediate vicinity.” per 39-17-1311[1] during the activity. See TN AG Opinion Numbers 09-129[6] and 09-160.[7]
Any area/building/property posted with a notice per T.C.A. § 39-17-1359.[1] T.C.A. § 39-17-1359[1] Notice of the prohibition shall be displayed in prominent locations, including all entrances primarily used by persons entering the property, building, or portion of the property or building where weapon possession is prohibited. Either form of notice used shall be of a size that is plainly visible to the average person entering the building, property, or portion of the building or property, posted. The code says the sign must be the international circle and slash symbolizing the prohibition of the item within the circle or the sign must contain wording in English that is "substantially similar" to that used in the code; substantially similar being defined as such: The property is posted under authority of Tennessee law; Weapons or firearms are prohibited on the property, in the building, or on the portion of the property or building that is posted; and Possessing a weapon in an area that has been posted is a criminal offense. See TN AG Opinion No 07-43.[8] Notwithstanding T.C.A. § 39-17-1359,[1] vehicle transportation of a loaded firearm is allowed under T.C.A. § 39-17-1313[1] as long as the firearm is secured in the handgun carry permit holder's privately owned vehicle and is not visible to "ordinary observation".
Carrying of Firearms[edit]
Tennessee State Constitution, Article I, Section 26, reads:
That the citizens of this state have a right to keep and to bear arms for their common defense; but the Legislature shall have power, by law, to regulate the wearing of arms with a view to prevent crime.[9]
State supreme court rulings and state attorney general opinions interpret Section 26 to mean regulation cannot and should not interfere with the common lawful uses of firearms, including defense of the home and hunting, but should only be aimed at criminal behavior. Andrews v. State (1870) and Glasscock v. Chattanooga (1928) defined the meaning of regulating arms. "Going armed", carrying any sort of weapon for offense or defense in public, is a crime, except carrying a handgun for defense is allowed with a state-issued permit.
A license is required to carry a loaded handgun either openly or concealed. Such permits are issued through the Department of Safety to qualified residents 21 years or 18 years old if the applicant is active duty, reservist, guardsman, or honorably discharged from their branch of service, DD-214 must mention 'pistol qualification' in order to be exempt from 8 hour safety course must have a valid military ID. The length of the term for the initial license is determined by the age of the applicant. If renewed properly and on time, the license is renewed every 5 years. Tennessee recognizes any valid, out-of-state permit for carrying a handgun as long as the permittee is not a resident of Tennessee. Nonresidents are not issued permits unless they are regularly employed in the state. Such persons are then required to obtain Tennessee permits even if they have home state permits unless their home state has entered into a reciprocity agreement with Tennessee. Permittees may carry handguns in most areas except civic centers, public recreation buildings and colleges. Businesses or landowners posting "no carry" signs may prohibit gun carry on any portion of their properties.
Carrying Handguns[edit]
Tennessee requires a permit to carry a firearm, whether openly or concealed. Additionally, per Tenn. Code Ann. 39-17-1351 r.(1) a facially valid handgun permit, firearms permit, weapons permit or license issued by another state shall be valid in this state [Tennessee] according to its terms and shall be treated as if it is a handgun permit issued by this state [Tennessee]).
Vehicle Transportation[edit]
A person possessing a firearm or ammunition in a motor vehicle who is not otherwise prohibited from owning a firearm and is in lawful possession of the motor vehicle is not in violation of the open carry law in Tennessee as long as the firearm is not carried on one's person.
Preemption[edit]
Except for four specific exceptions, Tennessee's preemption statute prevents localities from enacting any new laws regulating the use, purchase, transfer, taxation, manufacture, ownership, possession, carrying, sale, acquisition, gift, devise, licensing, registration, storage, and transportation of firearms and ammunition. The current statute also preempts any existing local law, ordinance or regulation concerning firearms, ammunition or their components. The exceptions allow localities to regulate 1) the carrying of firearms by their employees when acting in the course of the employees employment (except as provided in T.C.A. § 39-17-1313); 2) the discharge of firearms within the boundaries of the locality (except where permitted by State Law); 3) the location of a sport shooting range (except as provided in T.C.A. § 39-17-316 and T.C.A. § 39-3-412) and 4) the enforcement of any state or federal law pertaining to firearms and ammunition. Most aspects of licensed handgun carry are regulated exclusively by the state.
At one time, Tennessee required a purchase permit for a handgun approved by one's city police chief or county sheriff with a fifteen-day waiting period; that was replaced under the federal Brady Act with the Tennessee Instant Check System (TICS). Handguns in Tennessee are defined as having a barrel length of less than twelve inches per T.C.A. § 39-11-106(a)(16).[1]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Lexis Nexis Tennessee Code Annotated (http://www.lexisnexis.com/hottopics/tncode/)
Jump up ^ "New Tennessee law allows gun owners to keep loaded firearms in vehicle". Retrieved 2016-09-27.
Jump up ^ NRA-ILA. "NRA-ILA | Tennessee: Governor Signs Multiple Pro-Gun Bills into Law". NRA-ILA. Retrieved 2017-06-04.
Jump up ^ "SENATE BILL 983/HOUSE BILL 752" (PDF).
^ Jump up to: a b HB0955 (April 24, 2015) amends TCA Title 39, Chapter 17, Part 13 "HB0995 Bill Information".
Jump up ^ Tennessee Attorney General Opinion No. 09-129 (http://tennessee.gov/attorneygeneral/op/2009/op/op129.pdf)
Jump up ^ Tennessee Attorney General Opinion No. 09-160 (http://tennessee.gov/attorneygeneral/op/2009/op/op160.pdf)
Jump up ^ Tennessee Attorney General Opinion No. 07-43 (http://www.tn.gov/attorneygeneral/op/2007/op/op43.pdf)
Jump up ^ Constitution Of The State Of Tennessee at Tennessee Government Website (http://www.state.tn.us/sos/bluebook/05-06/46-tnconst.pdf).
[hide]
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Little Boy Blue (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Little Boy Blue
Little Boy Blue title sequence
Genre
Drama
Written by
Jeff Pope[1]
Directed by
Paul Whittington[2]
Starring
Stephen Graham
Sinead Keenan
Stephen Walters
Christine Tremarco
Sara Powell
Faye McKeever
Brían F. O'Byrne
Composer(s)
Niall Byrne
Country of origin
United Kingdom
No. of series
1
No. of episodes
4
Production
Executive producer(s)
Jeff Pope
Producer(s)
Kwadjo Dajan
Running time
60 minutes
Production company(s)
ITV Studios
Release
Original network
ITV
Picture format
PAL
16:9
1080i
Audio format
Stereo
Original release
24 April (2017-04-24) – 15 May 2017 (2017-05-15)
External links
Website
Little Boy Blue is an ITV drama series, shown over four sixty-minute episodes from 24 April to 15 May 2017.[3] The series focuses on the murder of Rhys Jones in Croxteth, Liverpool in 2007.[3][4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Cast
2 Production
3 Episodes
4 References
5 External links
Cast[edit]
Stephen Graham – Detective Superintendent Dave Kelly
Sinead Keenan – Melanie Jones
Brían F. O'Byrne – Steve Jones
Faye McKeever – Claire Olssen
Sonny Beyga – Rhys Jones
Matthew Roberts – Owen Jones
Stephen Walters – DCI Mark Guinness
Christine Tremarco – Marie Thompson
Sara Powell – Assistant Chief Constable Pat Gallan
Michael Moran – Kevin Moody
Nathan Clark Smith – Jordan Olssen
James Nelson-Joyce – James Yates
Paddy Rowan – Sean Mercer
Jack McMullen – Dean Kelly
Production[edit]
Stephen Graham was cast as Detective Superintendent Dave Kelly and Sinead Keenan and Brían F. O'Byrne were cast as Melanie and Steve Jones, respectively in a new four-part drama titled Little Boy Blue.[5] On 18 April 2017, it was confirmed that the programme would begin its broadcasting on 24 April 2017 on a weekly basis, concluding on 15 May.[6]
Episodes[edit]
Little Boy Blue aired in four sixty-minute episodes.[3] Whilst filming took place in Liverpool, the murder scene itself was filmed outside Liverpool as a sign of respect for his parents.[7] However locations used in Liverpool include the Anglican Cathedral and Liverpool Crown Court.[7]
No.
Title
Directed by[2]
Written by[1]
Original air date
Viewers
(millions)
1
"Episode One" Paul Whittington Jeff Pope 24 April 2017 8.12
When eleven-year-old schoolboy Rhys Jones is brutally shot dead walking home from football practice, Detective Superintendent Dave Kelly (Stephen Graham) is charged with bringing his teenage killer to justice. His identity is well known, but finding the evidence to charge him proves to be a far more difficult challenge.
2
"Episode Two" Paul Whittington Jeff Pope 1 May 2017 7.88
As Rhys Jones is laid to rest, a police raid at the home of Kevin Moody (Michael Moran) leads to the recovery of the gun used in his murder. Moody must choose between being labelled a "grass" and risking retribution, or speaking the truth to clear his name. Unexpectedly, a forensic examination of the gun leaves the entire investigation hanging in the balance.
3
"Episode Three" Paul Whittington Jeff Pope 8 May 2017 7.99
When potential witness Claire Olssen is intimidated into changing her statement, the investigation team look for other ways to reinforce their case. As Steve returns to work, Kelly is offered a deal that tests his resolve.
4
"Episode Four" Paul Whittington Jeff Pope 15 May 2017 8.25
Mercer and his associates are tried for their roles in Rhys's murder. The verdict fails to bring closure for Melanie (Sinead Keenan) and Steve (Brían F. O'Byrne) as the fractures in their relationship come to a head. An unexpected setback leaves Kelly with a tough decision to make.
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b Kelly, Helen (24 April 2017). "Little Boy Blue writer 'still can't make sense' of Rhys Jones' tragic murder". Daily Express. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Little Boy Blue Curtis Brown". Retrieved 25 April 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b c "little-boy-blue". ITV. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
Jump up ^ Graham, Alison. "Little Boy Blue Episode Guide". Radio Times. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
Jump up ^ ITV Media | Little Boy Blue
Jump up ^ Munn, Patrick (18 April 2017). "ITV Sets Premiere Date For 'Little Boy Blue'". TV Wise. Retrieved 10 May 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b Parry, Josh (25 April 2017). "Why ITV's Little Boy Blue didn't film in carpark where Rhys was murdered". Liverpool Echo. Retrieved 25 April 2017.
External links[edit]
Little Boy Blue on IMDb
Little Boy Blue at ITV Hub
Production website at ITV Studios
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Little_Boy_Blue_(TV_series)&oldid=815760449"
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Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree photographed in December 1987, a 78 foot (24 m) high Norway Spruce decorated with 18,000 lights.
The Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree is a large Christmas tree placed annually in Rockefeller Center, in Midtown Manhattan. The tree is erected in mid November and lit in a public ceremony in late November or early December. Since 1997, the lighting has been broadcast live, to hundreds of millions, on NBC's Christmas in Rockefeller Center telecast on a Wednesday after Thanksgiving. The tree lighting ceremony is aired at the end of every broadcast, following live entertainment and the tree is lit by the current Mayor of New York City and special guests.[1] An estimated 125 million people visit the attraction each year.[2]
The tree, usually a Norway spruce 69 to 100 feet (21 to 30 m) tall, has been a national tradition each year since 1933.[3] The 2016 Christmas Tree Lighting took place on November 30, 2016; the tree remained on display until January 7, 2017.[4]
Contents
[hide]
1 Selection and decoration
2 History
3 Broadcasting
4 Yearly tree details
5 See also
6 References
7 Bibliography
8 Further reading
9 External links
Selection and decoration[edit]
Trees are traditionally donated to Rockefeller Center, which in turn donates the lumber after display. Until his death in 2009, the late David Murbach,[5] Manager of the Gardens Division of Rockefeller Center, scouted for the desired tree in upstate New York and surrounding states, and even Ottawa, Canada.[6]
The trees are now scouted by Erik Pauzé, Head Gardener at Rockefeller Center. Pauzé visits nurseries throughout the tri-state area while keeping his eye out for one-of-a-kind backyard trees. Trees may also be submitted for consideration through Rockefeller Center's web site. Pauzé and his team choose each year’s tree based on its heartiness and “Christmas tree shape,” as well as its ability to support the heavy ornaments. [7]
Once a tree is selected, a crane supports the tree while it is cut, then moved to a custom telescoping trailer able to transport trees up to 125 feet (38 m) tall, although the width of city streets around Rockefeller Center limits the height of the tree to 100 feet (30 m). Local business Christmas Tree Brooklyn provides support in delivering the tree safely into the city. On its way to Manhattan, the tree is often dressed in giant red bows or banners extending holiday greetings to witnesses. Trucks, barges, and even a transport plane have all been used to help the tree make the trip.[8]
Once at Rockefeller Center, the tree is supported[9] by four guy-wires attached at its midpoint and by a steel spike at its base. Scaffolding is erected around the tree to assist workers in hanging about 50,000 multi-colored LED lights and the star top.[10] The crystal star that has topped the tree since 2004 is 9.5 feet (2.9 m) in diameter and weighs 550 pounds (250 kg). This "Swarovski Star," containing 25,000 Swarovski crystals, 1 million facets, and LED lights, was created by German artist Michael Hammers.[11][12]
History[edit]
The first tree at Rockefeller Center, erected by construction workers in 1931 shortly after the site was cleared. Above, the workers line up for pay beside the tree, adorned with garlands made by workers' families.
Although the official Christmas tree tradition at Rockefeller Center began in 1933 (the year 30 Rockefeller Plaza opened), an unofficial tradition began during the Depression-era construction of the Center, when workers decorated a smaller 20 foot (6.1 m) balsam fir with "strings of cranberries, garlands of paper, and even a few tin cans" on Christmas Eve (December 24, 1931), as recounted by Daniel Okrent in his history of Rockefeller Center.[13] According to Rockefeller Center, workers pooled their money for that unlit tree, with the garlands made by workers' families.
With the lighting of the first official tree, a 50 footer (15 m), two years later, the tree became what Rockefeller Center dubbed "a holiday beacon for New Yorkers and visitors alike." A skating rink was opened below the tree in the plaza in 1936. [14] Rockefeller Center has observed the tree to be "from the beginning ... a gathering place and reflection of what was happening in the world around it."[15]
World War II ushered in simple, patriotic decorations, including red, white and blue unlit globes and painted wooden stars. In 1942, instead of one large tree, three more modest trees were raised, each decorated in one of the flag's colors. From 1944 until the war's end in 1945, the tree went unlit due to blackout regulations.[16] After the war, the year of darkness was left behind, as six ultraviolet light projectors were employed to make it appear as though the tree’s 700 fluorescent globes were glowing in the dark.[17]
By the 1950s, workers began using scaffolding to decorate the tree, as larger trees were accommodated. Before the decade was over, the decorating process called for 20 workers and nine days.[18] 1951 marked the first time that NBC televised the tree lighting with a special on "The Kate Smith Show."[19]
In 1969, artist Valerie Clarebout’s towering wire herald angels were added to the Channel Gardens in front of the tree near Fifth Avenue. Clarebout created the 12 sculptures using 75 points of metal wire each.[20]
The 1971 tree, a 65-footer from East Montpelier, Vt., was the first to be mulched and recycled. It was turned into 30 three-bushel bags of mulch for the nature trails of upper Manhattan. Though the tree typically makes its journey on a truck bed, in 1998 it was flown in from Richfield, Ohio on the world’s largest transport plane. [21]
The 2016 Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a 94 foot (29 m) high Norway Spruce from Oneonta, N.Y., with 50,000 lights. Photographed December 2, 2016 by Michael Vadon.
1999 saw Rockefeller Center's tallest tree, a 100 foot (30 m) spruce from Killingworth, Conn.[22] In 2001, following the events of September 11, the tree was again decorated in hues of red, white and blue.[23]
In 2007, the tree went "green", converting to energy-efficient lighting with LEDs.[24] [25] The LEDs use 1,200 fewer kilowatts of electricity per day, enough to power a 2,000-square-foot home for a month.[26]
Also since 2007, each year after display, the tree has been milled into lumber and donated to Habitat for Humanity for use in house construction. [27]
The 2016 tree, a Norway Spruce from Oneonta, N.Y., is at 94 feet high the second tallest ever erected at Rockefeller Center. At 56 feet wide and over 30,000 pounds, the tree is the widest and heaviest to date, according to construction crews. [28]
Since 2011, the tree lighting ceremony has been followed by the singing of Joy to the World. The decorated tree remains on display at Rockefeller Plaza, between West 48th and 51st Streets and Fifth and Sixth Avenues, at least through January 6 of the new year.
More than a half million people pass by the tree each day while it is on display, according to Rockefeller Center.[29]
Broadcasting[edit]
Since 1997, the lighting ceremony has been broadcast live on NBC from 8:00 PM Eastern Standard Time to 9:00 PM Eastern Standard Time.[30] The ceremony is hosted by Today Show anchors Matt Lauer, Al Roker, and Savannah Guthrie.
Yearly tree details[edit]
Year
Original location
Tree type
Height
Lighting
2017 TBA Norway spruce TBA November 29, 2017
2016 Oneonta, NY[31] Norway spruce 94 ft November 30, 2016
2015 Gardiner, NY[32] Norway spruce 78 ft December 2, 2015
2014 Danville, PA[33] Norway spruce 85 ft December 3, 2014
2013 Shelton, CT[34] Norway spruce 76 ft December 4, 2013
2012 Flanders, NJ[35] Norway spruce 80 ft November 28, 2012
2011 Mifflinville, PA Norway spruce 74 ft November 30, 2011
2010 Mahopac, NY[36] Norway spruce 74 ft November 30, 2010
2009 Easton, CT[37] Norway spruce 76 ft December 2, 2009
2008 Hamilton, NJ[38] Norway spruce 72 ft December 3, 2008
2007 Shelton, CT[39] Norway spruce 84 ft November 28, 2007
2006 Ridgefield, CT[40] Norway spruce 88 ft November 29, 2006
2005 Wayne, NJ[41] Norway spruce 74 ft November 30, 2005
2004 Suffern, NY[42] Norway spruce 71 ft November 30, 2004
2003 Manchester, CT[42] Norway spruce 79 ft December 3, 2003
2002 Bloomsbury, NJ[43] Norway spruce 76 ft December 4, 2002
2001 Wayne, NJ Norway spruce 81 ft November 28, 2001
2000 Buchanan, NY[44] Norway spruce 80 ft November 29, 2000
1999 Killingworth, CT[45] Norway spruce 100 ft* December 1, 1999
1998 Richfield, OH[46] Norway spruce 75 ft December 2, 1998
1997 Stony Point, NY Norway spruce 70 ft December 2, 1997
1996 Armonk, NY[47] Norway spruce 90 ft December 3, 1996
1995 Mendham, NJ Norway spruce 75 ft December 5, 1995
1994 Ridgefield, CT Norway spruce 85 ft December 2, 1994
1989 Montebello, NY[48] Norway spruce 70 ft
1986 Nanuet, NY[49] Norway spruce 68 ft
1980 Mahwah, NJ[50] Norway spruce 70 ft
1978 Mahwah, NJ[51] Norway spruce 75 ft
1963 Rockaway, NJ Bruce Fir, Veit 84 ft
1957 Brighton, VT[52] White spruce 67 ft
*Tallest Tree on Record
See also[edit]
National Christmas Tree
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Lambert, Bruce (December 5, 2008). "A Christmas Tree That Manhattan's Can Look Up To". The New York Times. Retrieved December 14, 2008.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tree Facts" (PDF). The Christmas Tree at Rockefeller Center. 2007.
Jump up ^ "Christmas Tree Lighting". rockefellercenter.com/holidays/rockefeller-center-christmas-tree-lighting/. 2016.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center Christmas tree hunter David Murbach dies just before Christmas". The New York Daily News. January 6, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center's tree". about.com. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
Jump up ^ "How Rockefeller Center Chooses a Christmas Tree Each Year". Travel+Leisure. November 10, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tree Lighting History". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ In New York, a Big Tree Takes Its Place. Youtube.
Jump up ^ AP (26 December 2013). "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Lights Up". Gazers. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
Jump up ^ Berger, Paul (2005-12-04). "A Star Is Reborn". The New York Times. Retrieved 2008-05-29.
Jump up ^ Barron, James (2009-11-18). "A Star Makeover". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-12-11.
Jump up ^ Okrent, Daniel Okrent (2003). Great Fortune: The Epic of Rockefeller Center. New York: Viking Press. p. 188. ISBN 0-670-03169-0.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tree Lighting History". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tree Lighting History". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Tree Lighting History". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Yule Never Guess The Tree Height". thetreenyc.org.
Jump up ^ "Tree Lighting History". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ "The tree at Rockefeller Center". Rockefeller Center. 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
Jump up ^ "LEDs will light up Rockefeller Christmas tree". CNN. 2007. Archived from the original on November 23, 2007. Retrieved 2007-12-01.
Jump up ^ "The History of the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree, a NYC Tradition". www.6sqft.com. November 29, 2016.
Jump up ^ "84th Rockefeller Center Tree Lighting 2016". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ "This Year's Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Is a Huge Norway Spruce". ny.curbed.com.
Jump up ^ "Tree Lighting History". rockefellercenter.com/holidays.
Jump up ^ https://www.rockefellercenter.com/holidays/rockefeller-center-christmas-tree-lighting/
Jump up ^ Rockefeller Center Christmas tree arrives in NYC, retrieved 2016-11-14
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center Tree to Arrive in New York City This Week". Retrieved 2015-11-03.
Jump up ^ "Danville Christmas Tree Rockefeller Center". PennLive. Retrieved December 26, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree". Courant. Retrieved November 11, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center Christmas tree hails from N.J. this holiday season". Star-Ledger. 2012-11-12.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree donated by family of Ground Zero FDNY veteran". New York Daily News. 2010-11-11. Retrieved 2010-11-11.
Jump up ^ "Christmas tree going up in NY's Rockefeller Center". Associated Press. 2009-11-12. Archived from the original on November 18, 2009. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
Jump up ^ "Hamilton tree headed for Rockefeller Center called 'miracle'". NJ.com. 2008-11-13. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
Jump up ^ "2007 Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree From Shelton, Connecticut". About.com. 2007-11-09. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
Jump up ^ "Connecticut Tree Spruces Up Rockefeller Plaza". Fox News. 2006-11-10. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
Jump up ^ "Katrina, Rita Kids Light Rockefeller Tree". Fox News. 2005-12-01. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
^ Jump up to: a b "NYC — Rockefeller Christmas and Tree — New York City". Retrieved 2009-11-12.
Jump up ^ "76-foot spruce arrives in Rockefeller Center for holidays". The Boston Globe.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Center Christmas tree installed". CNN. 2010-11-12.
Jump up ^ "Rockefeller Tree Lighting is Close".
Jump up ^ "The 1998 Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree". Retrieved 2013-12-01.
Jump up ^ "The Torsilieris Deliver the Rockefeller Tree, Once Again". The New York Times. Retrieved 3 December 2013.
Jump up ^ "70-Foot Spruce Finds a Home for the Holidays". Retrieved 2016-12-25.
Jump up ^ Fernandez, Manny. "It’s No Simple Matter Before a Tree Joins Rockefeller Center History". The New York Times. Retrieved 2009-11-12.
Jump up ^ Storer, Sam. "Rockefeller Center Tree Goes up in New York City".
Jump up ^ Storer, Sam (1978-11-17). "Christmas tree going up today". Gadsden Times.
Jump up ^ Hunt, Pat (December 2008). "Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree". Vermont's Northland Journal. 7 (9): 6.
Bibliography[edit]
The Christmas Tree at Rockefeller Center. ISBN 0-9650308-7-3.
"Christmas Tech". Modern Marvels. 2006-12-20. The History Channel.
Further reading[edit]
Moseman, Andrew (November 14, 2008). "How Riggers Raise the Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree: Live on Scene". Popular Mechanics. Retrieved December 21, 2008.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree.
2006 Rockefeller Center Tree Lighting Image Gallery
NYC Insider Guide to Rockefeller Center Christmas Tree Lighting
Christmas in Rockefeller Center, NBC.com
Special tree-decorating game, NBC.com
Christmas at Rockefeller Center, NBC.com
Happy Holidays from NBC ('08-'09)
Happy Holidays from NBC ('09-'10)
Holidays on NBC (2011)
Tree Lighting Times at Rockefeller Center, NYSGO.com
The Swarovski Star
A Rockefeller Christmas, The Rockefeller Archive Center
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Coordinates: 40°45′31″N 73°58′42″W / 40.75861°N 73.97833°W / 40.75861; -73.97833
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text:
Deliverance
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Deliverance (disambiguation).
Deliverance
Theatrical release poster by Bill Gold
Directed by
John Boorman
Produced by
John Boorman
Screenplay by
James Dickey
Based on
Deliverance
by James Dickey
Starring
Jon Voight
Burt Reynolds
Ned Beatty
Ronny Cox
Music by
Eric Weissberg
Cinematography
Vilmos Zsigmond
Edited by
Tom Priestley
Production
company
Elmer Productions
Distributed by
Warner Bros.
Release date
July 30, 1972 (1972-07-30)
Running time
110 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$2 million
Box office
$46.1 million[1]
Deliverance is a 1972 American thriller film produced and directed by John Boorman, and starring Jon Voight, Burt Reynolds, Ned Beatty and Ronny Cox, with the latter two making their feature film debuts. The film is based on the 1970 novel of the same name by American author James Dickey, who has a small role in the film as the Sheriff. The screenplay was written by Dickey and an uncredited Boorman. It was a critical success, earning three Academy Award nominations and five Golden Globe nominations.
Widely acclaimed as a landmark picture, the film is noted both for the music scene near the beginning, with one of the city men playing "Dueling Banjos" on guitar with a banjo-playing country boy, that sets the tone for what lies ahead—a trip into unknown and potentially dangerous wilderness—and for its visceral and notorious male rape scene. In 2008, Deliverance was selected for preservation in the United States National Film Registry by the Library of Congress as being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Production
3.1 Casting
3.2 Stunts
3.3 Notorious line
4 Soundtrack and copyright dispute
5 Reception
5.1 Critical reception
5.2 Awards and nominations
5.2.1 American Film Institute lists
6 Influence of the film
7 See also
8 References
9 External links
Plot[edit]
Four Atlanta men, Lewis Medlock, Ed Gentry, Bobby Trippe, and Drew Ballinger, decide to canoe down a river in the remote northern Georgia wilderness, expecting to have fun and witness the area's unspoiled nature before the fictional Cahulawassee River valley is flooded by construction of a dam. Lewis and Ed are experienced outdoorsmen, while Bobby and Drew are novices. While traveling to their launch site, the men (Bobby in particular) are condescending towards the locals, who are unimpressed by the "city boys".
Traveling in pairs, the group's two canoes are briefly separated, with Ed and Bobby getting stranded on the riverbank. They encounter a pair of local men with a shotgun, who force them into the woods at gunpoint. Ed is tied to a tree, while Bobby is forced to strip and is raped by one of the men while being forced to "squeal like a pig". As the men prepare to sexually assault Ed, Lewis sneaks up and kills the rapist with an arrow from his recurve bow while the other escapes. After a brief but heated debate between Lewis and Drew about whether to inform the authorities, the men vote to side with Lewis' recommendation to bury the dead man's body and continue on as if nothing had happened.
The four continue downriver but encounter a dangerous stretch of rapids, during which Drew suddenly falls into the water and disappears. The other three crash their canoes into rocks, which results in Lewis breaking his leg. Encouraged by Lewis, who believes Drew was shot by the rapist's partner and they are now being stalked, Ed climbs a nearby rock face with the bow while Bobby stays behind to look after Lewis. Ed hides out until the next morning when the stalker appears on the top of the cliff with a rifle; Ed clumsily shoots and kills the man, while accidentally stabbing himself with one of the spare arrows. Ed and Bobby weigh down the body in the river to ensure it will never be found, and repeat the same with Drew's body which they encounter downriver.
Upon finally reaching the small town of Aintry, they take Lewis to the hospital. The men carefully concoct a cover story for the authorities about Drew's death and disappearance being an accident, lying about their ordeal to Sheriff Bullard in order to escape a possible double murder charge. The sheriff clearly doesn't believe them, but has no evidence to arrest them and simply tells the men never to come back, to which they agree. The trio vow to keep their story of death and survival a secret for the rest of their lives. Later on, Ed awakens, startled by a nightmare in which a bloated human hand rises from the lake.
Cast[edit]
Jon Voight as Ed Gentry
Burt Reynolds as Lewis Medlock
Ned Beatty as Bobby Trippe
Ronny Cox as Drew Ballinger
Ed Ramey as the Old Man
Billy Redden as Lonnie, AKA the Banjo Boy
Bill McKinney as Mountain Man
Herbert 'Cowboy' Coward as Toothless Man
James Dickey as Sheriff Bullard
Macon McCalman as Deputy Sheriff Arthur Queen
Belinda Beatty as Mrs. Martha Gentry
Charley Boorman as Charlie Gentry, Ed and Martha's son
Production[edit]
Deliverance was shot primarily in Rabun County in northeastern Georgia. The canoe scenes were filmed in the Tallulah Gorge southeast of Clayton and on the Chattooga River. This river divides the northeastern corner of Georgia from the northwestern corner of South Carolina. Additional scenes were shot in Salem, South Carolina.
A scene was also shot at the Mount Carmel Baptist Church cemetery. This site has since been flooded and lies 130 feet under the surface of Lake Jocassee, on the border between Oconee and Pickens counties in South Carolina.[2][3] The dam shown under construction is Jocassee Dam.
During the filming of the canoe scene, author James Dickey showed up inebriated and got into a bitter argument with producer-director John Boorman, who had rewritten Dickey's script. They allegedly had a brief fistfight in which Boorman's nose was broken and four of his teeth shattered.[4] Dickey was thrown off the set, but no charges were filed against him. The two reconciled and became good friends, and Boorman gave Dickey a cameo role as the sheriff at the end of the film.
The inspiration for the Cahulawassee River was the Coosawattee River, which was dammed in the 1970s and contained several dangerous whitewater rapids before being flooded by Carters Lake.[5]
Casting[edit]
Dickey initially wanted Sam Peckinpah to direct the film.[4] Dickey also wanted Gene Hackman to portray Ed Gentry whereas Boorman wanted Lee Marvin to play the role.[4] Boorman also wanted Marlon Brando to play Lewis Medlock.[4] Jack Nicholson was considered for the role of Ed.[4] Both Donald Sutherland and Charlton Heston turned down the role of Lewis.[4] Other actors who were attached to the project included Robert Redford, Henry Fonda, George C. Scott and Warren Beatty.[4]
Stunts[edit]
The film is infamous for cutting costs by not insuring the production and having the actors do their own stunts (most notably, Jon Voight climbed the cliff himself). In one scene, the stunt coordinator decided that a scene showing a canoe with a dummy of Burt Reynolds in it looked phony; he said it looked "like a canoe with a dummy in it". Reynolds requested to have the scene re-shot with himself in the canoe rather than the dummy. After shooting the scene, Reynolds, coughing up river water and nursing a broken coccyx, asked how the scene looked. The director responded, "like a canoe with a dummy in it."
Regarding the courage of the four main actors in the movie doing their own stunts without insurance protection, Dickey was quoted as saying all of them "had more guts than a burglar". In a nod to their stunt-performing audacity, early in the movie Lewis says, "Insurance? I've never been insured in my life. I don't believe in insurance. There's no risk."
Notorious line[edit]
Several people have been credited with the now-famous line including the phrase "squeal like a pig". Ned Beatty said he thought of it while he and actor McKinney were improvising the scene.[6]
James Dickey's son, Christopher Dickey, in his memoir about the film production, Summer of Deliverance, said that one of the crewmen suggested that Beatty's character, Bobby, "squeal like a pig," to add some backwoods horror to the scene and make it more shocking.[page needed] According to Boorman's running commentary on the home media releases, the studio wanted the scene shot two ways, one of which would be acceptable for TV. Boorman did not want to do this. He decided that the phrase "squeal like a pig," suggested by Frank Rickman, a Clayton native, was a good replacement for the dialogue in the script. It would work for both the theatrical and TV versions.[citation needed]
Soundtrack and copyright dispute[edit]
The film's soundtrack brought new attention to the musical work "Dueling Banjos", which had been recorded numerous times since 1955. Only Eric Weissberg and Steve Mandel were originally credited for the piece. The songwriter and producer Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith, who wrote the original piece, "Feudin' Banjos" (1955), and recorded it with five-string banjo player Don Reno, filed a lawsuit for songwriting credit and a percentage of royalties. He was awarded both in a landmark copyright infringement case.[7] Smith asked Warner Bros. to include his name on the official soundtrack listing, but reportedly asked to be omitted from the movie credits because he found the film offensive.[8]
No credit was given for the film score. The film has a number of sparse, brooding passages of music scattered throughout, including several played on a synthesizer. Some prints of the movie omit much of this extra music.
Boorman was given a gold record for the "Dueling Banjos" hit single; this was later stolen from his house by the Dublin gangster Martin Cahill. Boorman recreated this scene in The General (1998), his biographical film about Cahill.[9]
Reception[edit]
Deliverance was a box office success in the United States, becoming the fifth-highest grossing film of 1972 after grossing a domestic total of over $46 million.[1] The film's financial success continued the following year, when it went on to earn $18 million in North American "distributor rentals" (receipts).[10]
Critical reception[edit]
This section needs expansion. You can help by adding to it. (November 2016)
Deliverance was well received by critics and is widely regarded as one of the best films of 1972.[11][12][13][14] The film is in the top tier of films on the critical review aggregate website Rotten Tomatoes, with a 93% "fresh" rating, [15] despite scoring only 50% based on the six "top critic" reviews.
Not all reviews were positive. Roger Ebert of the Chicago Sun-Times said:
Dickey, who wrote the original novel and the screenplay, lards this plot with a lot of significance -- universal, local, whatever happens to be on the market. He is clearly under the impression that he is telling us something about the nature of man, and particularly civilized man's ability to survive primitive challenges[…] But I don't think it works that way.[…] What the movie totally fails at, however, is its attempt to make some kind of significant statement about its action.[…] [W]hat James Dickey has given us here is a fantasy about violence, not a realistic consideration of it.[…] It's possible to consider civilized men in a confrontation with the wilderness without throwing in rapes, cowboy-and-Indian stunts and pure exploitative sensationalism.[16]
The instrumental piece, "Dueling Banjos," won the 1974 Grammy Award for Best Country Instrumental Performance. The film was selected by The New York Times as one of The Best 1,000 Movies Ever Made, while the viewers of Channel 4 in the United Kingdom voted it #45 in a list of The 100 Greatest Films.
Reynolds later called it "the best film I've ever been in."[17] However, he admitted that the rape scene went "too far."[18]
Awards and nominations[edit]
Nominated
Academy Award for Best Picture
Academy Award for Best Director — John Boorman
Academy Award for Best Film Editing — Tom Priestley
New York Film Critics Circle for Best Film and Best Director
Golden Globe Award for Best Motion Picture – Drama
Golden Globe Award for Best Director – Motion Picture — John Boorman
Golden Globe Award for Best Actor – Motion Picture Drama — Jon Voight
Golden Globe Award for Best Original Song — Arthur "Guitar Boogie" Smith, Eric Weissberg, and Steve Mandel
Golden Globe Award for Best Screenplay — James Dickey
American Film Institute lists[edit]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies—Nominated[19]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Thrills—#15
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes:
"I bet you can squeal like a pig."—Nominated[20]
AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition)—Nominated[21]
Influence of the film[edit]
Governor Jimmy Carter established a state film commission to encourage production companies to film in Georgia. The state has "become one of the top five production destinations in the U.S."[22]
The canoes used in the film were displayed at the former Burt Reynolds Museum, located at 100 North U.S. Highway 1, in Jupiter, Florida. One of the canoes used (and signed by Ronny Cox) is on display in the Tallulah Falls Railroad Museum, Dillard, Georgia.
Following the film, tourism increased to Rabun County by the tens of thousands. By 2012, tourism was the largest source of revenue in the county.[22] Jon Voight's stunt double for this film, Claude Terry, later purchased equipment used in the movie from Warner Brothers. He founded what is now the oldest whitewater rafting adventure company on the Chattooga River, Southeastern Expeditions.[23] By 2012 rafting had developed as a $20 million industry in the region.[22]
People have built vacation and second homes around the area's lakes.[22]
In June 2012, Rabun County held a Chattooga River Festival to encourage preservation of the river and its environment. It noted the 40th anniversary of the filming of Deliverance in the area, which aroused controversy.[22]
In 2012, producer Cory Welles and director Kevin Walker decided to make the documentary, The Deliverance of Rabun County, to explore the effects of the landmark film on people in the county. They heard a wide range of opinions, particularly resentment at how the country people were portrayed. Others are pragmatic and look at the benefits of increased tourism and related businesses.[22]
See also[edit]
List of American films of 1972
Survival film, about the film genre, with a list of related films
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b "Deliverance, Box Office Information". The Numbers. Retrieved January 21, 2012.
Jump up ^ Simon, Anna (2009-02-20). "Cable network to detail history of Lake Jocassee". The Greenville News. Retrieved 2009-02-25.
Jump up ^ Heldenfels, Rich (2009-11-05). "Body double plays banjo". Akron Beacon Journal. Retrieved 2009-11-06.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g Lyttleton, Oliver (30 July 2012). "5 Things You Might Not Know About 'Deliverance,' Released 40 Years Ago Today". IndieWire. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
Jump up ^ Roper, Daniel M. "The Story of the Coosawattee River Gorge". North Georgia Journal (Summer 1995). Retrieved 7 June 2015.
Jump up ^ Burger, Mark. (2006, March 19). "BEATTY GIVEN MASTER OF CINEMA AWARD; CHARACTER ACTOR IS A VETERAN OF MORE THAN 200 FILM AND TELEVISION PRODUCTIONS", Winston-Salem Journal, Page B1
"Regarding his debut film, Deliverance (1972), in which his character undergoes an unforgettably vivid sexual assault, Beatty said: 'The whole "squeal like a pig" thing ... came from guess who.' As the audience laughed, he theatrically put his head in his hands and silently pointed to himself, before elaborating how director Boorman encouraged him to improvise the scene with his onscreen tormentor, Bill McKinney."
Jump up ^ "Country guitarist Arthur Smith dies". BBC News. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
Jump up ^ Terence McArdle (6 April 2014). "Arthur Smith, guitarist who wrote 'Guitar Boogie' and 'Duelin' Banjos,' dies at 93". The Washington Post. Retrieved 15 April 2015.
Jump up ^ "Artistic reunion brings Martin Cahill to life". The Irish Echo. May 27 – June 2, 1998. Retrieved 2 April 2017.
Jump up ^ "Big Rental Films of 1973", Variety, 9 January 1974 p 19
Jump up ^ "Greatest Films of 1972". Filmsite.org. Retrieved 2012-05-05.
Jump up ^ "The Best Movies of 1972 by Rank". Films101.com. Retrieved 2012-05-05.
Jump up ^ "Best Films of the 1970s". Cinepad.com. Archived from the original on 2012-05-10. Retrieved 2012-05-05.
Jump up ^ IMDb: Year: 1972
Jump up ^ "Deliverance". Retrieved Sep 4, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Deliverance." Chicago Sun-Times.
Jump up ^ Workaholic Burt Reynolds sets up his next task: Light comedy Siskel, Gene. Chicago Tribune (1963-Current file) [Chicago, Ill] 28 Nov 1976: e2.
Jump up ^ "Reynolds: 'Deliverance Rape Scene Went Too Far'". Contactmusic.com. 21 January 2008. Retrieved 28 September 2017.
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies Nominees
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes Nominees
Jump up ^ AFI's 100 Years...100 Movies (10th Anniversary Edition) Ballot
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Cory Welles, "40 years later, 'Deliverance' causes mixed feelings in Georgia", Marketplace, 22 August 2012, accessed 27 August 2014
Jump up ^ Southeastern Expeditions. Retrieved 8/19/2013.
External links[edit]
Wikiquote has quotations related to: Deliverance
Deliverance on IMDb
Deliverance at the TCM Movie Database
Deliverance at Box Office Mojo
Deliverance at Rotten Tomatoes
Weekend in Aintry! James Dickey and The Making of Deliverance
Pictures of some deleted scenes
[hide]
v
t
e
Films directed by John Boorman
Catch Us If You Can (1965)
Point Blank (1967)
Hell in the Pacific (1968)
Leo the Last (1970)
Deliverance (1972)
Zardoz (1974)
Exorcist II: The Heretic (1977)
Excalibur (1981)
The Emerald Forest (1985)
Hope and Glory (1987)
Where the Heart Is (1990)
I Dreamt I Woke Up (1991)
Two Nudes Bathing (1995)
Beyond Rangoon (1995)
Lee Marvin: A Personal Portrait by John Boorman (1998)
The General (1998)
The Tailor of Panama (2001)
In My Country (2004)
The Tiger's Tail (2006)
Queen and Country (2014)
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 214775625
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SUDOC: 177403683
BNF: cb16457803n (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Deliverance&oldid=820391050"
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