text:
Santiago de Compostela
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Santiago de Compostela
City and Municipality

Santiago de Compostela, a UNESCO World Heritage Site

Flag
Coat of arms

Location of the municipality of Santiago de Compostela within Galicia
Santiago de Compostela
Santiago de Compostela
Show map of Province of A Coruña Show map of Spain Show all
Location of Santiago de Compostela
Coordinates: 42°52′40″N 8°32′40″W / 42.87778°N 8.54444°W / 42.87778; -8.54444Coordinates: 42°52′40″N 8°32′40″W / 42.87778°N 8.54444°W / 42.87778; -8.54444
Country
Spain
Autonomous Community
Galicia
Province
A Coruña
Comarca
Santiago
Parishes
30[show]
Aríns
Bando
A Barciela
Busto
O Carballal
O Castiñeiriño
Cesar
Conxo
O Eixo
A Enfesta
Fecha
Figueiras
Fontiñas
Grixoa
Laraño
Marantes
Marrozos
Nemenzo
A Peregrina
Sabugueira
San Caetano
San Lázaro
San Paio
Santa Cristina de Fecha
Santiago de Compostela
Sar
Verdía
Vidán
Villestro
Vista Alegre
Government
• Type
Mayor-council
• Body
Council of Santiago
• Mayor
Martiño Noriega Sánchez (Compostela Aberta)
Area
• Total
220 km2 (80 sq mi)
Elevation
260 m (850 ft)
Population (2012)INE
• Total
95,671
• Density
428.81/km2 (1,110.6/sq mi)
Demonym(s)
Santiagan
santiagués, -guesa (gl / es)
compostelán, -á (gl)
compostelano, -na (es)
Time zone
CET (GMT +1)
• Summer (DST)
CEST (GMT +2) (UTC)
Area code(s)
+34
Website
www.santiagodecompostela.gal
Santiago de Compostela,[a] commonly known as Santiago (/ˌsæntiˈɑːɡoʊ/, Galician: [sanˈtiaɣo], Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo]), is the capital of the autonomous community of Galicia in northwestern Spain.
The city has its origin in the shrine of Saint James the Great, now the city's cathedral, as destination of the Way of St. James, a leading Catholic pilgrimage route originated in the 9th century. In 1985 the city's Old Town was designated a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Contents
[hide]
1 Toponym
2 The city
2.1 Climate
3 Administration
3.1 2015 city council elections results
4 Population
5 History
6 Economy
7 Way of St. James
7.1 Legends
7.2 Establishment of the shrine
7.3 Pre-Christian legends
7.4 In popular culture
8 Main sights
9 Transport
10 Notable people
10.1 sport
11 International relations
11.1 Twin towns/Sister cities
12 See also
13 Notes
14 References
15 Bibliography
16 External links
Toponym[edit]
Santiago is the local Galician evolution of Vulgar Latin Sanctus Iacobus "Saint James". According to legend, Compostela derives from the Latin Campus Stellae (i.e., "field of the star"); it seems unlikely, however, that this phrase could have yielded the modern Compostela under normal evolution from Latin to Medieval Galician.
Other etymologies derive the name from Latin compositum, local Vulgar Latin Composita Tella, meaning "burial ground", or simply from Latin compositella, meaning "the well-composed one". Other sites in Galicia share this toponym, akin to Compostilla in the province of León. Compostela, camp of stars, long before Christianity appeared in the region, the area was part of a pilgrimage that came from France to this site following the stars.
The city[edit]
The cathedral borders the main plaza of the old and well-preserved city. Legend has it that the remains of the apostle James were brought to Galicia for burial. In 813, according to medieval legend, the light of a bright star guided a shepherd who was watching his flock at night to the burial site in Santiago de Compostela.[1] This site was originally called Mount Libredon and its physical topography leads prevalent sea borne winds to clear the cloud deck immediately overhead.[2][citation needed] The shepherd quickly reported his discovery to the bishop of Iria, Bishop Teodomiro.[3] The bishop declared that the remains were those of the apostle James and immediately notified King Alfonso II in Oviedo.[3] To honour St. James, the cathedral was built on the spot where his remains were said to have been found. The legend, which included numerous miraculous events, enabled the Catholic faithful to bolster support for their stronghold in northern Spain during the Christian crusades against the Moors, but also led to the growth and development of the city.[4]
Along the western side of the Praza do Obradoiro is the elegant 18th century Pazo de Raxoi, now the city hall. Across the square is the Pazo de Raxoi (Raxoi's Palace), the town hall, and on the right from the cathedral steps is the Hostal dos Reis Católicos, founded in 1492 by the Catholic Monarchs, Isabella of Castille and Ferdinand II of Aragon, as a pilgrims' hospice (now a parador). The Obradoiro façade of the cathedral, the best known, is depicted on the Spanish euro coins of 1 cent, 2 cents, and 5 cents (€0.01, €0.02, and €0.05).
Santiago is the site of the University of Santiago de Compostela, established in the early 16th century. The main campus can be seen best from an alcove in the large municipal park in the centre of the city.
Within the old town there are many narrow winding streets full of historic buildings. The new town all around it has less character though some of the older parts of the new town have some big flats in them.
Santiago de Compostela has a substantial nightlife. Both in the new town (a zona nova in Galician, la zona nueva in Spanish or ensanche) and the old town (a zona vella in Galician or la zona vieja in Spanish, trade-branded as zona monumental), a mix of middle-aged residents and younger students maintain a lively presence until the early hours of the morning. Radiating from the centre of the city, the historic cathedral is surrounded by paved granite streets, tucked away in the old town, and separated from the newer part of the city by the largest of many parks throughout the city, Parque da Alameda.
Santiago gives its name to one of the four military orders of Spain: Santiago, Calatrava, Alcántara and Montesa.
One of the most important economic centres in Galicia, Santiago is the seat for organisations like Association for Equal and Fair Trade Pangaea.
Climate[edit]
Under the Köppen climate classification, Santiago de Compostela has a temperate oceanic (Cfb) climate, with mild to warm and somewhat dry summers and mild, wet winters. The prevailing winds from the Atlantic and the surrounding mountains combine to give Santiago some of Spain’s highest rainfall: about 1,545 millimetres (60.8 in) annually. The climate is mild: frosts are common only in December, January and February, with an average of just 8 days per year,[5] while snow is rare; temperatures over 30 °C (86 °F) are exceptional.
[hide]Climate data for Santiago de Compostela (1981-2010)
Month
Jan
Feb
Mar
Apr
May
Jun
Jul
Aug
Sep
Oct
Nov
Dec
Year
Record high °C (°F)
20.3
(68.5) 23.2
(73.8) 27.6
(81.7) 30.2
(86.4) 34.0
(93.2) 37.8
(100) 39.4
(102.9) 39.0
(102.2) 39.0
(102.2) 30.4
(86.7) 24.2
(75.6) 23.4
(74.1) 39.4
(102.9)
Average high °C (°F)
11.2
(52.2) 12.5
(54.5) 15.0
(59) 16.1
(61) 18.6
(65.5) 22.2
(72) 24.3
(75.7) 24.7
(76.5) 22.8
(73) 18.1
(64.6) 14.1
(57.4) 11.9
(53.4) 17.6
(63.7)
Daily mean °C (°F)
7.7
(45.9) 8.3
(46.9) 10.2
(50.4) 11.2
(52.2) 13.6
(56.5) 16.8
(62.2) 18.6
(65.5) 19.0
(66.2) 17.4
(63.3) 13.8
(56.8) 10.4
(50.7) 8.5
(47.3) 13.0
(55.4)
Average low °C (°F)
4.1
(39.4) 4.1
(39.4) 5.4
(41.7) 6.2
(43.2) 8.5
(47.3) 11.3
(52.3) 13.0
(55.4) 13.3
(55.9) 11.9
(53.4) 9.5
(49.1) 6.7
(44.1) 5.0
(41) 8.3
(46.9)
Record low °C (°F)
−7.0
(19.4) −9.0
(15.8) −5.6
(21.9) −3.0
(26.6) −2.0
(28.4) 3.4
(38.1) 3.4
(38.1) 1.0
(33.8) 3.0
(37.4) −1.6
(29.1) −3.2
(26.2) −6.5
(20.3) −9.0
(15.8)
Average rainfall mm (inches)
210
(8.27) 167
(6.57) 146
(5.75) 146
(5.75) 135
(5.31) 72
(2.83) 43
(1.69) 57
(2.24) 107
(4.21) 226
(8.9) 217
(8.54) 261
(10.28) 1,787
(70.35)
Average precipitation days (≥ 1 mm)
15.2 12.6 12.8 14.4 12.7 7.6 5.7 5.5 8.4 14.0 14.9 15.9 139.5
Average snowy days
1.0 0.7 0.2 0.3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0.1 0.3 2.7
Average relative humidity (%)
84 79 75 76 76 74 74 74 75 82 86 85 78
Mean monthly sunshine hours
93 114 151 165 187 225 243 237 184 132 95 85 1,911
Source: Agencia Estatal de Meteorología[6]
In Compostela it rarely snows more than once or twice a year
Santiago de Compostela (Old Town)
UNESCO World Heritage Site
The Obradoiro façade of the grand Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
Criteria
Cultural: i, ii, vi
Reference
347
Inscription
1985 (9th Session)
Area
107.59 ha
Buffer zone
216.88 ha
Administration[edit]
The city is governed by a mayor-council form of government. Following the May 24, 2015 municipal elections the mayor of Santiago is Martiño Noriega Sánchez of Compostela Aberta (CA).[7] No party has a majority in the city council (concello).
2015 city council elections results[edit]
Party
Vote
Seats
Votes
%
±pp
Won
+/−
Compostela Aberta (CA)[8] 16,327 34.58 29.36 10 10
People's Party (PP) 15,869 33.61 9.61 9 4
Socialists' Party of Galicia-Spanish Socialist Workers' Party (PSdeG-PSOE) 6,919 14.65 16.31 4 5
Galician Nationalist Bloc-Open Assemblies (BNG) 3,277 6.94 6.94 2 1
Citizens 2,285 4.84 New 0 ±0
Commitment to Galicia-Transparent Municipalities (CxG-CCTT) 1,112 2.35 New 0 ±0
Solidarity and Internationalist Self-management (SAIn) 301 0.64 0.23 0 ±0
Converxencia XXI (C21) 139 0.29 0.29 0 ±0
Blank ballots 991 2.10 1.73
Total 47,220 100.00 25 ±0
Valid votes 47,220 98.46
Invalid votes 738 1.54
Votes cast / turnout 47,958 61.13 1.31
Abstentions 30,492 38.87 1.31
Registered voters 78,450
Source: Ministry of the Interior
Population[edit]
The population of the city in 2012 was 95,671 inhabitants, while the metropolitan area reaches 178,695.
In 2010 there were 4,111 foreigners living in the city, representing 4.3% of the total population. The main nationalities are Brazilians (11%), Portuguese (8%) and Colombians (7%).
By language, according to 2008 data, 21.17% of the population always speak in Galician, 15% always speak in Spanish, 31.00 mostly in Galician and the 32.17% mostly in Spanish[9]. According to a Xunta de Galicia 2010 study the 38.5% of the city primary and secondary education students had Galician as their mother tongue[10].
History[edit]
Interior of the Cathedral.
Knockers in the city's old quarter
The Library and the Chapter at the Cathedral, Collotype 1889
Calvary of St Franciscus church.
Portico da Groria, old façade of the Romanesque cathedral, 12th century
Sepulcher of king Ferdinand II (d. 1187), in the Royal Pantheon of the cathedral
The area of Santiago de Compostela was a Roman cemetery by the 4th century[11] and was occupied by the Suebi in the early 5th century, when they settled in Galicia and Portugal during the initial collapse of the Roman Empire. The area was later attributed to the bishopric of Iria Flavia in the 6th century, in the partition usually known as Parochiale Suevorum, ordered by King Theodemar. In 585, the settlement was annexed along with the rest of Suebi Kingdom by Leovigild as the sixth province of the Visigothic Kingdom.
Possibly raided from 711 to 739 by the Arabs,[citation needed] the bishopric of Iria was incorporated into the Kingdom of Asturias c. 750. At some point between 818 and 842,[12] during the reign of Alfonso II of Asturias, bishop Theodemar of Iria (d. 847) claimed to have found some remains which were attributed to Saint James the Greater. This discovery was accepted in part because the Pope[which?] and Charlemagne—who had died in 814—had acknowledged Asturias as a kingdom and Alfonso II as king, and had also crafted close political and ecclesiastic ties.[13] Around the place of the discovery a new settlement and centre of pilgrimage emerged, which was known to the author Usuard in 865[14] and which was called Compostella by the 10th century.
The cult of Saint James of Compostela was just one of many arising throughout northern Iberia during the 10th and 11th centuries, as rulers encouraged their own region-specific cults, such as Saint Eulalia in Oviedo and Saint Aemilian in Castile.[15] After the centre of Asturian political power moved from Oviedo to León in 910, Compostela became more politically relevant, and several kings of Galicia and of León were acclaimed by the Galician noblemen and crowned and anointed by the local bishop at the cathedral, among them Ordoño IV in 958,[16] Bermudo II in 982, and Alfonso VII in 1111, by which time Compostela had become capital of the Kingdom of Galicia. Later, 12th-century kings were also sepulchered in the cathedral, namely Fernando II and Alfonso IX, last of the Kings of León and Galicia before both kingdoms were united with the Kingdom of Castile.
During this same 10th century and in the first years of the 11th century Viking raiders tried to assault the town[17]—Galicia is known in the Nordic sagas as Jackobsland or Gallizaland—and bishop Sisenand II, who was killed in battle against them in 968,[18] ordered the construction of a walled fortress to protect the sacred place. In 997 Compostela was assaulted and partially destroyed by Ibn Abi Aamir (known as al-Mansur), Andalusian leader accompanied in his raid by Christian lords, who all received a share of the booty.[19] However, the Andalusian commander showed no interest in the alleged relics of St James. In response to these challenges bishop Cresconio, in the mid-11th century, fortified the entire town, building walls and defensive towers.
According to some authors, by the middle years of the 11th century the site had already become a pan-European place of peregrination,[20] while others maintain that the cult to Saint James was before 11-12th centuries an essentially Galician affair, supported by Asturian and Leonese kings to win over faltering Galician loyalties.[15] Santiago would become in the course of the following century a main Catholic shrine second only to Rome and Jerusalem. In the 12th century, under the impulse of bishop Diego Gelmírez, Compostela became an archbishopric, attracting a large and multinational population. Under the rule of this prelate, the townspeople rebelled, headed by the local council, beginning a secular tradition of confrontation by the people of the city—who fought for self-government—against the local bishop, the secular and jurisdictional lord of the city and of its fief, the semi-independent Terra de Santiago ("land of Saint James"). The culminating moment in this confrontation was reached in the 14th century, when the new prelate, the Frenchman Bérenger de Landore, treacherously executed the counselors of the city in his castle of A Rocha Forte ("the strong rock, castle"), after inviting them for talks.
Santiago de Compostela was captured and sacked by the French during the Napoleonic Wars; as a result, the remains attributed to the apostle were lost for near a century, hidden inside a cist in the crypts of the cathedral of the city.
The excavations conducted in the cathedral during the 19th and 20th centuries uncovered a Roman cella memoriae or martyrium, around which grew a small cemetery in Roman and Suevi times which was later abandoned. This martyrium, which proves the existence of an old Christian holy place, has been sometimes attributed to Priscillian, although without further proof.[21]
Economy[edit]
Santiago's economy, although still heavily dependent on public administration (i.e. being the headquarters of the autonomous government of Galicia), cultural tourism, industry, and higher education through its university, is becoming increasingly diversified. New industries such as timber transformation (FINSA), the automotive industry (UROVESA), and telecommunications and electronics (Blusens and Televés) have been established. Banco Gallego, a banking institution owned by Novacaixagalicia, has its headquarters in downtown rúa do Hórreo.
Tourism is very important thanks to the Way of St. James, particularly in Holy Compostelan Years (when 25 July falls on a Sunday). Following the Xunta's considerable investment and hugely successful advertising campaign for the Holy Year of 1993, the number of pilgrims completing the route has been steadily rising. More than 272,000 pilgrims made the trip during the course of the Holy Year of 2010. Following 2010, the next Holy Year will not be for another 11 years when St James feast day again falls on a Sunday. Outside of Holy Years, the city still receives a remarkable number of pilgrims. In 2013, 215,880 people completed the pilgrimage. In 2014, there were 237,983 persons. In 2015, there were 262,513 persons and in 2016, there were 277,854 persons.[22]
Editorial Compostela owns daily newspaper El Correo Gallego, a local TV, and a radio station. Galician language online news portal Galicia Hoxe is also based in the city. Televisión de Galicia, the public broadcaster corporation of Galicia, has its headquarters in Santiago.
Way of St. James[edit]
Main article: Way of St. James
Way of St. James
A partial view of Santiago de Compostela, with the Pico Sacro in the background
Depiction of Saint James in the 12th century Codex Calixtinus
The legend that St James found his way to the Iberian Peninsula, and had preached there is one of a number of early traditions concerning the missionary activities and final resting places of the apostles of Jesus. Although the 1884 Bull of Pope Leo XIII Omnipotens Deus accepted the authenticity of the relics at Compostela, the Vatican remains uncommitted as to whether the relics are those of Saint James the Greater, while continuing to promote the more general benefits of pilgrimage to the site. Pope Benedict XVI undertook a ceremonial pilgrimage to the site on his visit to Spain in 2010.[23]
Legends[edit]
According to a tradition that can be traced back at least to the 12th century, when it was recorded in the Codex Calixtinus, Saint James decided to return to the Holy Land after preaching in Galicia. There he was beheaded, but his disciples managed to get his body to Jaffa, where they found a marvelous stone ship which miraculously conducted them and the apostle's body to Iria Flavia, back in Galicia. There, the disciples asked the local pagan queen Loba ('She-wolf') for permission to bury the body; she, annoyed, decided to deceive them, sending them to pick a pair of oxen she allegedly had by the Pico Sacro, a local sacred mountain where a dragon dwelt, hoping that the dragon would kill the Christians, but as soon as the beast attacked the disciples, at the sight of the cross, the dragon exploded. Then the disciples marched to collect the oxen, which were actually wild bulls which the queen used to punish her enemies; but again, at the sight of the Christian's cross, the bulls calmed down, and after being subjected to a yoke they carried the apostle's body to the place where now Compostela is. The legend was again referred with minor changes by the Czech traveller Jaroslav Lev of Rožmitál, in the 15th century.[24]
The relics were said to have been later rediscovered in the 9th century by a hermit named Pelagius, who after observing strange lights in a local forest went for help after the local bishop, Theodemar of Iria, in the west of Galicia. The legend affirms that Theodemar was then guided to the spot by a star, drawing upon a familiar myth-element, hence "Compostela" was given an etymology as a corruption of Campus Stellae, "Field of Stars."
In the 15th century, the red banner which guided the Galician armies to battle, was still preserved in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela, in the centre Saint James riding a white horse and wearing a white cloak, sword in hand:[25] The legend of the miraculous armed intervention of Saint James, disguised as a white knight to help the Christians when battling the Muslims, was a recurrent myth during the High Middle Ages.
Establishment of the shrine[edit]
The Scallop Shell, emblem of St James, worn by pilgrims
The 1,000-year-old pilgrimage to the shrine of St. James in the Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela is known in English as the Way of St. James and in Spanish as the Camino de Santiago. Over 100,000 pilgrims travel to the city each year from points all over Europe and other parts of the world. The pilgrimage has been the subject of many books, television programmes, and films, notably Brian Sewell's The Naked Pilgrim produced for the British television channel Channel 5 and the Martin Sheen/Emilio Estevez collaboration The Way.
Pre-Christian legends[edit]
As the lowest-lying land on that stretch of coast, the city's site took on added significance. Legends supposed of Celtic origin made it the place where the souls of the dead gathered to follow the sun across the sea. Those unworthy of going to the Land of the Dead haunted Galicia as the Santa Compaña or Estadea.
In popular culture[edit]
Santiago de Compostela is featured prominently in the 1988 historical fiction novel Sharpe's Rifles, by Bernard Cornwell, which takes place during the French Invasion of Galicia, January 1809, during the Napoleonic Wars.
The music video for Una Cerveza, by Ráfaga, is set in the historic part of Santiago de Compostela.
A pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela provides the narrative framework of the Luis Buñuel film La Voie lactée (The Milky Way).
Main sights[edit]
Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
Pazo de Raxoi – city hall and office of the President of the Xunta of Galicia
12th century Colexiata de Santa María do Sar
16th century Baroque Abbey of San Martín Pinario
University of Santiago de Compostela
Centro Galego de Arte Contemporánea (Galician Center for Contemporary Art), designed by Alvaro Siza Vieira
Parque de San Domingos de Bonaval, redesigned by Eduardo Chillida and Alvaro Siza Vieira
City of Culture of Galicia, designed by Peter Eisenman
Parque da Alameda (Alameda's Park)
Parque de Carlomagno (Carlomagno's Park)
17th century Convent and Church of San Francisco
Transport[edit]
Santiago de Compostela Rail Station
Santiago de Compostela is served by Santiago de Compostela Airport and a rail service. The town is linked to the Spanish High Speed Railway Network. On 24 July 2013 there was a serious rail accident near the city in which 79 people died and at least 130 were injured when a train derailed on a bend as it approached Compostela station.[26]
Notable people[edit]
Rosalía de Castro
Carmen Babiano
Ana Romero Masiá 2012
Vero Boquete 2013
Bernal de Bonaval a 13th-century troubadour in the Kingdom of Galicia who wrote in the Galician-Portuguese language.
Sancho de Andrade de Figueroa (1632–1702) a Roman Catholic prelate, Bishop of Quito (1688–1702) and Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga (1679–1688)
Juan Antonio García de Bouzas (c.1680–1755) a Spanish Baroque painter, his principal works are in the churches at Santiago
Eugenio Montero Ríos (1832–1914) politician, served briefly as Prime Minister of Spain in 1905
Rosalía de Castro (1837–1885) a Spanish romanticist writer and poet
Antonio Machado Álvarez (1848–1893) known by his pseudonym Demófilo a writer, anthropologist and Spanish folklorist.
Modesto Brocos (1852–1936) a Brazilian painter, designer and engraver of Galician origin.
Carmen Babiano Méndez-Núñez (1852–1914) a Spanish painter and a pioneer in feminine art
Manuel Maria Puga y Parga aka "Picadillo" (1874-1918) a culinary writer and gastronome, popularized traditional Galician cooking
José Robles (1897–1937) a Spanish academic, left-wing activist, born to an aristocratic family, went into exile in the USA
Juan Sáenz-Díez García (1904–1990) a Spanish entrepreneur and Carlist politician
Isaac Díaz Pardo (1920-2012) a Galician intellectual and painter, ceramist, designer, editor and businessman.
Xohana Torres (1931–2017) a Spanish writer, poet, playwright, and member of the Royal Galician Academy
Adela Akers (born 1933) a Spanish-born textile and fiber artist, raised in Peru and Cuba, now lives in Guerneville, California
Xosé Manuel Beiras (born 1936) a Galician politician, economist, writer and intellectual
Roberto Vidal Bolaño (1950–2002) a Galician playwright and actor, celebrated by Galician Literature Day in 2013
Ana Romero Masiá (born 1952) a Galician historian, archaeologist and academic
Mariano Rajoy (born 1955) a Spanish politician and Prime Minister of Spain since 2011
Suso de Toro (born 1956) a Spanish writer of more than twenty novels and plays in Galician
Carlos Ferrás Sexto (born 1965) a Galician geographer and academic
Octavio Vázquez (born 1972) a Galician-American, New York-based composer of classical music
Yolanda Castaño (born 1977) a Galician painter, literary critic and poet
sport[edit]
Andrés Domínguez Candal (1918-1978) aka Pierita a Spanish footballer who played as a forward
José Luis Veloso (born 1937) a retired Spanish footballer, 278 pro appearances
Tomás Reñones (born 1960) known as Tomás, a retired Spanish footballer, nearly 500 pro appearances
Moncho Fernández (born 1969) a Spanish basketball manager and coach
Emilio José Viqueira (born 1974) a retired Spanish footballer who made 454 pro appearances
Manuel Castiñeiras (born 1979) a Spanish retired footballer, over 300 pro appearances
Rubén González Rocha (born 1982) known as Rubén, is a Spanish professional footballer who plays as a central defender
Borja Golan (born 1983) a professional squash player who represents Spain
Iván Carril (born 1985) a Spanish professional footballer
Verónica Boquete (born 1987) a Galician-born Spanish footballer
José Ángel Antelo (born 1987) a Spanish professional basketball player
Alberto Manuel Domínguez Rivas (born 1988) known as Alberto, is a Spanish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper
International relations[edit]
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain
Twin towns/Sister cities[edit]
This section needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (March 2015) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Santiago de Compostela is twinned with:
São Paulo, Brazil[27][28]
Santiago de Cali, Colombia
Coimbra, Portugal, since 1994
Santiago do Cacém, Portugal, since the 1980s
Mashhad, Iran
Buenos Aires, Argentina, since the 1980s
Qom, Iran
Santiago de Querétaro, México (2005)
Santiago de los Caballeros, Dominican Republic (2004)[29]
Assisi, Italy (2008)
Las Piedras, Uruguay (2010)
Pisa, Italy (2010)
Santiago de Cuba, Cuba
See also[edit]
Auditorio Monte do Gozo
Cathedral of Santiago de Compostela
Música en Compostela
Order of Santiago
Santiago de Compostela derailment
As Orfas
Notes[edit]
Jump up ^ Pronunciation:
English: /ˌsæntɪˈɑːɡoʊ deɪ ˌkɒmpɒˈstɛlə/ or /ˌsæntɪˈɑːɡoʊ də ˌkɒmpɒˈstɛlə/
Galician: [sanˈtiaɣo ðe komposˈtɛla]
Spanish: [sanˈtjaɣo ðe komposˈtela]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Marilyn Stokstad,Santiago de Compostela In the Age of the Great Pilgrimages.(Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1978), 7.
Jump up ^ http://www.fundacionxacobea.com/the-route/
^ Jump up to: a b Stokstad, Santiago de Compostela, 8.
Jump up ^ Stokstad, Santiago de Compostela, 6.
Jump up ^ In the five years 2006-2010, cf. Meteogalicia Archived 2015-09-03 at the Wayback Machine..
Jump up ^ "Guía resumida del clima en España (1981-2010)".
Jump up ^ Martiño Noriega, novo alcalde de Santiago, comprométese a gobernar para a maioría social nunha Compostela que exerza de capital. El Correo Gallego, 13/06/2015.
Jump up ^ Results compared with the combined results of United Left and Candidatura do Povo in 2011.
Jump up ^ . Instituto Galego de Estatística - 2008 - Uso da lingua nos grandes concellos - Santiago de Compostela
Jump up ^ [1]
Jump up ^ Fletcher, R. A. (1984). Saint James's catapult: the life and times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. pp. 57–59. ISBN 978-0-19-822581-2.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, R. A. (1984). Saint James's catapult : the life and times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. ISBN 978-0-19-822581-2.
Jump up ^ Collins, Roger (1983). Early Medieval Spain. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 232. ISBN 0-312-22464-8.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, R. A. (1984). Saint James's catapult: the life and times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. p. 56. ISBN 978-0-19-822581-2.
^ Jump up to: a b Collins, Roger (1983). Early Medieval Spain. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 238. ISBN 0-312-22464-8.
Jump up ^ Portela Silva, Ermelindo (2001). García II de Galicia, el rey y el reino (1065-1090). Burgos: La Olmeda. p. 165. ISBN 84-89915-16-4.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, R. A. (1984). Saint James's catapult : the life and times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 23. ISBN 978-0-19-822581-2.
Jump up ^ Morales Romero, Eduardo (1997). Os viquingos en Galicia. Santiago de Compostela: USC. p. 125. ISBN 84-8121-661-5.
Jump up ^ Collins, Roger (1983). Early Medieval Spain. New York: St. Martin's Press. p. 199. ISBN 0-312-22464-8.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, R. A. (1984). Saint James's catapult : the life and times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. p. 53. ISBN 978-0-19-822581-2.
Jump up ^ Fletcher, R. A. (1984). Saint James's catapult: the life and times of Diego Gelmírez of Santiago de Compostela. Oxford [Oxfordshire]: Clarendon Press. pp. 59–60. ISBN 978-0-19-822581-2.
Jump up ^ "Camino de Santiago Statistics End 2016 Pilgrim Numbers Walking Camino". caminoadventures.com. 8 August 2017. Retrieved 21 November 2017.
Jump up ^ "Apostolic Journey to Santiago de Compostela and Barcelona: Welcoming ceremony at the International Airport of Santiago de Compostela (November 6, 2010) - BENEDICT XVI". w2.vatican.va.
Jump up ^ Garrido Bugarín, Gustavo A. (1994). Aventureiros e curiosos : relatos de viaxeiros estranxeiros por Galicia, séculos XV - XX. Vigo: Ed. Galaxia. pp. 35–37. ISBN 84-7154-909-3.
Jump up ^ Garrido Bugarín, Gustavo A. (1994). Aventureiros e curiosos : relatos de viaxeiros estranxeiros por Galicia, séculos XV - XX. Vigo: Ed. Galaxia. p. 40. ISBN 84-7154-909-3.
Jump up ^ "Spain train crash: Driver formally detained", BBC News, 26 July 2013. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
Jump up ^ "Pesquisa de Legislação Municipal - No 14471" [Research Municipal Legislation - No 14471]. Prefeitura da Cidade de São Paulo [Municipality of the City of São Paulo] (in Portuguese). Archived from the original on 2011-10-18. Retrieved 2013-08-23.
Jump up ^ Lei Municipal de São Paulo 14471 de 2007 WikiSource (in Portuguese)
Jump up ^ Hispaniola was under the rule of the Dominican Order and Order of Alcántara, therefore, the name of Santiago as a city in the Dominican Republic could be applied later
Bibliography[edit]
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Santiago de Compostela". Encyclopædia Britannica. 24 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 191–192.
Meakin, Annette M. B. (1909). Galicia. The Switzerland of Spain. London: Methuen & Co.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Santiago de Compostela.
Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Santiago de Compostela.
City Council of Santiago de Compostela
Santiago Tourism
[show]
Articles related to Santiago de Compostela
[show]
v
t
e
Cities in Galicia
A Coruña
Pontevedra
Santiago de Compostela
Ourense
Lugo
Vigo
Ferrol
[show]
v
t
e
World Heritage Sites in Spain
For official site names, see each article or the List of World Heritage Sites in Spain.
North West
Caves of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain1
Monuments of Oviedo and the Kingdom of the Asturias
Roman walls of Lugo
Route of Santiago de Compostela1
Santiago de Compostela
Tower of Hercules
North East
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests5
Caves of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain1
Mudéjar Architecture of Aragon
Pirineos - Monte Perdido2
Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin1
Route of Santiago de Compostela1
San Millán Yuso and Suso Monasteries
Vizcaya Bridge
Community
of Madrid
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests5
Aranjuez Cultural Landscape
El Escorial
University and Historic Precinct of Alcalá de Henares
Centre
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests5
Archaeological Ensemble of Mérida
Archaeological Site of Atapuerca
Ávila with its Extra-mural Churches
Burgos Cathedral
Cáceres
Cuenca
Heritage of Mercury. Almadén and Idrija3
Las Médulas
Monastery of Santa María of Guadalupe
Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin1
Route of Santiago de Compostela1
Salamanca
Segovia and its Aqueduct
Prehistoric Rock-Art Sites in the Côa Valley and Siega Verde4
Toledo
East
Archaeological Ensemble of Tarraco, Tarragona
Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí
Ibiza (Biodiversity and Culture)
Palau de la Música Catalana and Hospital de Sant Pau, Barcelona
Palmeral of Elche
Poblet Monastery
Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin1
Serra de Tramuntana
Silk Exchange in Valencia
Works of Antoni Gaudí
South
Alhambra, Generalife and Albayzín, Granada
Cathedral, Alcázar and General Archive of the Indies, Seville
Dolmens Site of Antequera
Doñana
Historic Centre of Córdoba
Renaissance Monuments of Úbeda and Baeza
Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin1
Canary Islands
Garajonay
San Cristóbal de La Laguna
Teide National Park
1 Shared with other region/s
2 Shared with France
3 Shared with Slovenia
4 Shared with Portugal
5 Shared with other regions in Spain and other countries in Europe
[show]
v
t
e
European Capitals of Culture
1985
Athens
1986
Florence
1987
Amsterdam
1988
West Berlin
1989
Paris
1990
Glasgow
1991
Dublin
1992
Madrid
1993
Antwerp
1994
Lisbon
1995
Luxembourg City
1996
Copenhagen
1997
Thessaloniki
1998
Stockholm
1999
Weimar
2000
Reykjavík
Bergen
Helsinki
Brussels
Prague
Kraków
Santiago de Compostela
Avignon
Bologna
2001
Rotterdam
Porto
2002
Bruges
Salamanca
2003
Graz
Plovdiv
2004
Genoa
Lille
2005
Cork
2006
Patras
2007
Luxembourg City and Greater Region
Sibiu
2008
Liverpool
Stavanger
2009
Linz
Vilnius
2010
Ruhr
Istanbul
Pécs
2011
Turku
Tallinn
2012
Maribor
Guimarães
2013
Košice
Marseille
2014
Umeå
Riga
2015
Mons
Plzeň
2016
San Sebastián
Wrocław
2017
Aarhus
Paphos
2018
Valletta
Leeuwarden
2019
Plovdiv
Matera
2020
Rijeka
Galway
2021
Timișoara
Elefsina
Novi Sad
2022
Kaunas
Esch-sur-Alzette
[show]
v
t
e
Capitals of autonomous communities of Spain
Seville (Andalusia)
Zaragoza (Aragon)
Oviedo (Asturias)
Palma (Balearic Islands)
Vitoria-Gasteiz (Basque Country)
Santa Cruz & Las Palmas (Canary Islands)
Santander (Cantabria)
Toledo (Castile–La Mancha)
Valladolid (de facto, Castile and León)
Barcelona (Catalonia)
Mérida (Extremadura)
Santiago de Compostela (Galicia)
Logroño (La Rioja)
Madrid (Community of Madrid)
Murcia (Region of Murcia)
Pamplona (Navarre)
Valencia (Valencian Community)
Ceuta1
Melilla1
1 Autonomous cities.
[show]
v
t
e
Municipalities of the province of A Coruña
Abegondo
Ames
Aranga
Ares
Arteixo
Arzúa
A Baña
Bergondo
Betanzos
Boimorto
Boiro
Boqueixón
Brión
Cabana de Bergantiños
Cabanas
Camariñas
Cambre
A Capela
Carballo
Cariño
Carnota
Carral
Cedeira
Cee
Cerceda
Cerdido
Coirós
Corcubión
Coristanco
A Coruña
Culleredo
Curtis
Dodro
Dumbría
Fene
Ferrol
Fisterra
Frades
Irixoa
A Laracha
Laxe
Lousame
Malpica de Bergantiños
Mañón
Mazaricos
Melide
Mesía
Miño
Moeche
Monfero
Mugardos
Muros
Muxía
Narón
Neda
Negreira
Noia
Oleiros
Ordes
Oroso
Ortigueira
Outes
Oza-Cesuras
Paderne
Padrón
O Pino
A Pobra do Caramiñal
Ponteceso
Pontedeume
As Pontes de García Rodríguez
Porto do Son
Rianxo
Ribeira
Rois
Sada
San Sadurniño
Santa Comba
Santiago de Compostela
Santiso
Sobrado
As Somozas
Teo
Toques
Tordoia
Touro
Trazo
Val do Dubra
Valdoviño
Vedra
Vilarmaior
Vilasantar
Vimianzo
Zas
Authority control
WorldCat Identities
VIAF: 122828319
LCCN: n79046621
ISNI: 0000 0001 2286 0253
GND: 4051658-1
SUDOC: 029243742
BNF: cb12091096d (data)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Santiago_de_Compostela&oldid=821999257"
Categories:
Santiago de Compostela
Catholic pilgrimage sites
Holy cities
Municipalities in the Province of A Coruña
Camino de Santiago
University towns in Spain
World Heritage Sites in Spain
People from Santiago de Compostela
Hidden categories:
Webarchive template wayback links
CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)
Articles with Portuguese-language external links
Pages using deprecated image syntax
Coordinates on Wikidata
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018
Articles containing Galician-language text
Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013
All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases
Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from December 2013
Articles needing additional references from March 2015
All articles needing additional references
Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference
Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica
Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers
Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers
Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers
Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers
Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Wikivoyage
Languages
Afrikaans
Alemannisch
አማርኛ
Ænglisc
العربية
Aragonés
Asturianu
Avañe'ẽ
Aymar aru
Azərbaycanca
Bamanankan
Bân-lâm-gú
Беларуская
Беларуская (тарашкевіца)
Bislama
Български
Bosanski
Brezhoneg
Català
Cebuano
Čeština
Chamoru
Chavacano de Zamboanga
Cymraeg
Dansk
Deutsch
Eesti
Ελληνικά
Español
Esperanto
Estremeñu
Euskara
فارسی
Føroyskt
Français
Frysk
Furlan
Gaeilge
Gàidhlig
Galego
한국어
Հայերեն
हिन्दी
Hrvatski
Ido
Bahasa Indonesia
Interlingua
Interlingue
Ирон
Íslenska
Italiano
עברית
Kapampangan
ქართული
Kaszëbsczi
Kernowek
Kreyòl ayisyen
Ladino
Latina
Latviešu
Lëtzebuergesch
Lietuvių
Ligure
Limburgs
Lumbaart
Magyar
Македонски
Māori
मराठी
مصرى
Bahasa Melayu
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk
Norsk nynorsk
Occitan
Oʻzbekcha/ўзбекча
ਪੰਜਾਬੀ
پنجابی
Polski
Português
Română
Romani
Runa Simi
Русский
Sardu
Scots
Shqip
සිංහල
Simple English
Slovenčina
Ślůnski
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
Basa Sunda
Suomi
Svenska
Tagalog
தமிழ்
ไทย
Tsetsêhestâhese
Türkçe
Twi
Українська
اردو
Vahcuengh
Tiếng Việt
Walon
Winaray
吴语
ייִדיש
粵語
中文
Edit links
This page was last edited on 23 January 2018, at 21:09.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

values: Santiago de Compostela, a UNESCO World Heritage Site

values: Santiago de Compostela is located in Province of A Coruña

attrs: alt src title width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Santiago de Compostela is located in Spain

values: display: none; width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto width:250px;padding:0

values: Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location

values:
/wiki/Autonomous_Community
mw-redirect
Autonomous Community

values:
/wiki/A_Coru%C3%B1a_(province)
mw-redirect
A Coruña (province)

values: font-size: 105%; background: transparent; text-align: left;

values: list-style: none none; margin-left: 0px; text-align: left; font-size: 105%; margin-top: 0px; margin-bottom: 0px; line-height: inherit; display: none;

values:
NavFrame collapsed
border: none; padding: 0;
NavFrame1

values:
/wiki/Mayor-council_government
mw-redirect
Mayor-council government

values: Instituto Nacional de Estadística (Spain)

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.santiagodecompostela.gal

values: Representation in the International Phonetic Alphabet (IPA)

values:
/wiki/Capital_(political)
mw-redirect
Capital (political)

values:
/wiki/Saint_James_the_Great
mw-redirect
Saint James the Great

values:
/wiki/Way_of_St._James
mw-redirect
Way of St. James

values:
/wiki/Saint_James_(disambiguation)
mw-redirect mw-disambig
Saint James (disambiguation)

values:
/wiki/Latin_language
mw-redirect
Latin language

values:
/wiki/Medieval_Galician
mw-redirect
Medieval Galician

values:
/wiki/Le%C3%B3n_(province)
mw-redirect
León (province)

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2018)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
/wiki/Isabella_of_Castille
mw-redirect
Isabella of Castille

values:
/wiki/Order_of_Alcantara
mw-redirect
Order of Alcantara

values: Association for Equal and Fair Trade Pangaea

values: background: #FF0E00; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #FFA44A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #FFC489; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #1C1CFF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #FCFCFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #0000D3; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium

values: background: #C9C900; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium

values: width:90%; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height: 1.2em; margin:auto;

values: File:Nevada en Compostela (Panoramica).jpg

values: margin-left: auto; margin-right:auto; overflow:hidden; width:auto; max-width:1208px;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://whc.unesco.org/en/list/347

values:
/wiki/Spanish_municipal_elections,_2015
mw-redirect
Spanish municipal elections, 2015

values: Martiño Noriega Sánchez (page does not exist)

values: Edit section: 2015 city council elections results

values:
/wiki/Colombian_diaspora
mw-redirect
Colombian diaspora

values:
/wiki/Mother_tongue
mw-redirect
Mother tongue

values:
/wiki/Suebi_Kingdom
mw-redirect
Suebi Kingdom

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2013)

values:
/wiki/Saint_James_the_Greater
mw-redirect
Saint James the Greater

values: The material near this tag possibly uses too vague attribution or weasel words. (December 2013)

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:Avoid_weasel_words
mw-redirect
Wikipedia:Avoid weasel words

values:
/wiki/List_of_monarchs_of_Galicia
mw-redirect
List of monarchs of Galicia

values:
/wiki/Alfonso_VII_of_Le%C3%B3n
mw-redirect
Alfonso VII of León

values:
/wiki/Fernando_II_of_Le%C3%B3n
mw-redirect
Fernando II of León

values:
/wiki/Way_of_Saint_James
mw-redirect
Way of Saint James

values:
nofollow
http://www.elcorreogallego.es/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.galiciahoxe.com/
external text

values:
/wiki/Public_broadcaster
mw-redirect
Public broadcaster

values:
/wiki/Czech_people
mw-redirect
Czech people

values: Edit section: Establishment of the shrine

values:
/wiki/Soul_(spirit)
mw-redirect
Soul (spirit)

values:
/wiki/Alvaro_Siza_Vieira
mw-redirect
Alvaro Siza Vieira

values:
/wiki/Bishop_of_Quito
mw-redirect
Bishop of Quito

values:
/wiki/Bishop_of_Ayacucho_o_Huamanga
mw-redirect
Bishop of Ayacucho o Huamanga

values:
/wiki/Borja_Golan
mw-redirect
Borja Golan

values: List of twin towns and sister cities in Spain

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
/wiki/Twin_towns_and_sister_cities
mw-redirect
Twin towns and sister cities

values:
/wiki/Santiago_de_Cali
mw-redirect
Santiago de Cali

values:
/wiki/Santiago_de_Quer%C3%A9taro
mw-redirect
Santiago de Querétaro

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: lower-alpha;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://libro.uca.edu/sjc/sjc.htm

values:
/wiki/Santiago,_Dominican_Republic
mw-redirect
Santiago, Dominican Republic

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: wikisource:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Santiago de Compostela

values: Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition

values:
/wiki/File:Flag_of_Galicia.svg
image
Flag of Galicia

values:
navbox-image
1
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Template talk:World Heritage Sites in Spain

values: Cave of Altamira and Paleolithic Cave Art of Northern Spain

values:
/wiki/File:Flag_of_Spain.svg
image
Flag of Spain

values:
navbox-image
7
width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px

values: Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe

values: Pyrénées – Mont Perdu World Heritage Site

values: Rock art of the Iberian Mediterranean Basin

values: Catalan Romanesque Churches of the Vall de Boí

values: Template:World Heritage Sites in Slovenia

values: Template:World Heritage Sites in Portugal

values:
/wiki/World_Heritage_Sites_in_Europe
mw-redirect
World Heritage Sites in Europe

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Template talk:European Capital of Culture

values: Template:Autonomous Community capitals of Spain

values: Template talk:Autonomous Community capitals of Spain

values:
/wiki/Castile%E2%80%93La_Mancha
mw-redirect
Castile–La Mancha

values:
/wiki/La_Rioja_(autonomous_community)
mw-redirect
La Rioja (autonomous community)

values: Template talk:Municipalities in A Coruña

values:
/wiki/Santa_Ux%C3%ADa_de_Ribeira
mw-redirect
Santa Uxía de Ribeira

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values:
nofollow
external text
https://viaf.org/viaf/122828319

values:
nofollow
external text
http://isni.org/isni/0000000122860253

values:
nofollow
external text
https://d-nb.info/gnd/4051658-1

values:
nofollow
external text
https://www.idref.fr/029243742

values: Category:Municipalities in the Province of A Coruña

values: Category:People from Santiago de Compostela

values: Category:Webarchive template wayback links

values: Category:CS1 Portuguese-language sources (pt)

values: Category:Articles with Portuguese-language external links

values: Category:Pages using deprecated image syntax

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from January 2018

values: Category:Articles containing Galician-language text

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from March 2013

values: Category:All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases

values: Category:Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from December 2013

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from March 2015

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating a citation from the 1911 Encyclopaedia Britannica with Wikisource reference

values: Category:Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with VIAF identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with LCCN identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with ISNI identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with GND identifiers

values: Category:Wikipedia articles with BNF identifiers

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values:
uls-settings-trigger
Language settings
0
button
true

values: ሳንቲያጎ ዴ ኮምፖስቴላ – Amharic

values: سانتياغو دي كومبوستيلا – Arabic

values: Santiago de Compostela – Chinese (Min Nan)

values: Сант’яга-дэ-Кампастэла – Belarusian

values: Сант’яга-дэ-Кампастэля – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)

values: Сантяго де Компостела – Bulgarian

values: Σαντιάγο ντε Κομποστέλα – Greek

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: سانتیاگو د کمپوستلا – Persian

values: Santiago de Compostela – Western Frisian

values: Santiago de Compostela – Scottish Gaelic

values: 산티아고데콤포스텔라 – Korean

values: Սանտյագո դե Կոմպոստելա – Armenian

values: सांतिआगो दे कोम्पोस्तेला – Hindi

values: Сантьяго-де-Компостелæ – Ossetic

values: סנטיאגו דה קומפוסטלה – Hebrew

values: სანტიაგო-დე-კომპოსტელა – Georgian

values: Сантјаго де Компостела – Macedonian

values: सांतियागो दे कोंपोस्तेला – Marathi

values: سانتياجو دى كومبوستيلا – Egyptian Arabic

values: サンティアゴ・デ・コンポステーラ – Japanese

values: Santiago de Compostela – Norwegian Nynorsk

values: ਸਾਂਤੀਆਗੋ ਦੇ ਕੋਮਪੋਸਤੇਲਾ – Punjabi

values: سانتیاگو دے کومپوستیلا – Western Punjabi

values: Сантьяго-де-Компостела – Russian

values: සන්තියාගෝ ඩි කොම්පොස්ටෙලා – Sinhala

values: Сантијаго де Компостела – Serbian

values: சாந்தியாகோ தே கோம்போசுதேலா – Tamil

values: ซานเตียโกเดกอมโปสเตลา – Thai

values: Сантьяго-де-Компостела – Ukrainian

values: سانتیاگو دے کومپوستیلا – Urdu

values: סאנטיאגא דע קאמפאסטעלא – Yiddish

values: 聖地亞哥金波斯特拉 – Cantonese

values: 聖地亞哥-德孔波斯特拉 – Chinese

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Santiago_de_Compostela rootpage-Santiago_de_Compostela skin-vector action-view


text:
Dynamin
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Dynamin family
Structure of the nucleotide-free myosin II motor domain from Dictyostelium discoideum fused to the GTPase domain of dynamin I from Rattus norvegicus
Identifiers
Symbol
Dynamin_N
Pfam
PF00350
Pfam clan
CL0023
InterPro
IPR001401
PROSITE
PDOC00362
[show]Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Dynamin central region
Structure of the nucleotide-free myosin II motor domain from Dictyostelium discoideum fused to the GTPase domain of dynamin I from Rattus norvegicus
Identifiers
Symbol
Dynamin_M
Pfam
PF01031
InterPro
IPR000375
[show]Available protein structures:
Pfam
structures
PDB
RCSB PDB; PDBe; PDBj
PDBsum
structure summary
Dynamin is a GTPase responsible for endocytosis in the eukaryotic cell. Dynamins are principally involved in the scission of newly formed vesicles from the membrane of one cellular compartment and their targeting to, and fusion with, another compartment, both at the cell surface (particularly caveolae internalization) as well as at the Golgi apparatus.[1][2][3] Dynamin also plays a role in many processes including division of organelles,[4] cytokinesis and microbial pathogen resistance.
Dynamin is part of the "dynamin superfamily," which includes classical dynamins, dynamin-like proteins, Mx proteins, OPA, mitofusins, and GBPs. Dynamin itself is a 96 kDa enzyme, and was first isolated when researchers were attempting to isolate new microtubule-based motors from the bovine brain. Dynamin has been extensively studied in the context of clathrin-coated vesicle budding from the cell membrane.[3][5]
Contents
[hide]
1 Function
2 Types
3 Disease implications
4 References
5 External links
Function[edit]
As a vesicle invaginates, dynamin polymerizes into a helical tube around the neck of the vesicle. The polymer constricts the underlying membrane upon GTP binding and hydrolysis. Constriction around the vesicle neck leads to membrane fission and results in the pinching off of the vesicle from the parent membrane. An example of this process is clathrin-mediated endocytosis.[2][5]
To view a ‘cartoon’ image of the non-constricted and constricted state of dynamin spirals, please follow this link: http://dynamin.niddk.nih.gov/figure5.html.[2] The first structure on the left is dynamin in its relaxed state. The structure on the right is dynamin in its constricted state. This shows the extent to which dynamin tightens and changes when GTP is converted to GDP.[1]
This constriction is in part the result of the twisting activity of dynamin.[6] This twisting required GTP hydrolysis. Dynamin is the only molecular motor known to have a twisting activity. Dynamin is a right-handed helix and has a right-handed twisting activity that explains its tightening and the reduction in the pitch of the helix described above.
Types[edit]
In mammals, three different dynamin genes have been identified:
Dynamin I is expressed in neurons and neuroendocrine cells
Dynamin II is expressed in most cell types
Dynamin III is strongly expressed in the testis, but is also present in heart, brain, and lung tissue.[1][5]
Disease implications[edit]
Mutations in Dynamin II have been found to cause dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease.[7] Epileptic encephalopathy–causing de novo mutations in dynamin have been suggested to cause dysfunction of vesicle scission during synaptic vesicle endocytosis.[8]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Henley, J.R.; Cao, H.; McNicven, M.A. (1999). "Participation of dynamin in the biogenesis of cytoplasmic vesicles". The FASEB Journal. 13 (9002): S243–S247.
^ Jump up to: a b c Hinshaw, J. “Research statement, Jenny E. Hinshaw, Ph.D.” National Institute of Diabetes & Digestive & Kidney Diseases, Laboratory of Cell Biochemistry and Biology. Accessed 19 March 2013.
^ Jump up to: a b Urrutia, R.; Henley, J.R.; Cook, T.; McNiven, M.A. (1997). "The dynamins: Redundant or distinct functions for an expanding family of related GTPases?". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA. 94 (2): 377–384. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.2.377.
Jump up ^ Thoms S, Erdmann R (Oct 2005). "Dynamin-related proteins and Pex11 proteins in peroxisome division and proliferation". FEBS J. 272 (20): 5169–81. doi:10.1111/j.1742-4658.2005.04939.x. PMID 16218949.
^ Jump up to: a b c McMahon. (2004). Researching Endocytic Mechanisms: Dynamin. Accompaniment to Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology, 5, 133-147.
Jump up ^ Roux, A; Uyhazi, K; Frost, A; De Camilli, P (2006-04-30). "GTP-dependent twisting of dynamin implicates constriction and tension in membrane fission". Nature. 441 (7092): 528–31. doi:10.1038/nature04718. PMID 16648839.
Jump up ^ Stephan Zuchner, Maher Noureddine, Marina Kennerson, Kristien Verhoeven, Kristl Claeys, Peter De Jonghe, John Merory, Sofia A. Oliveira, Marcy C. Speer, Judith E. Stenger, Gina Walizada, Danqing Zhu, Margaret A. Pericak-Vance, Garth Nicholson, Vincent Timmerman & Jeffery M. Vance (March 2005). "Mutations in the pleckstrin homology domain of dynamin 2 cause dominant intermediate Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease". Nature Genetics. 37 (3): 289–294. doi:10.1038/ng1514. PMID 15731758. CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list (link)
Jump up ^ Dhindsa, R; Bradrick, S; Yao, Y; Heinzen, E; Petrovski, S; Krueger, B; Johnson, M; Frankel, F; Petrou, S; Boumil, R; Goldstein, D (2015-06-15). "Epileptic encephalopathy-causing mutations in DNM1 impair synaptic vesicle endocytosis". Neurology Genetics. 1 (1): 3–9.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Dynamins.
Dynamins at the US National Library of Medicine Medical Subject Headings (MeSH)
[show]
v
t
e
Membrane protein: vesicular transport proteins (TC 1F)
Synaptic vesicle
SNARE
Q-SNARE
SNAP25
SNAP29
Syntaxin
STX1A
STX1B
STX2
STX3
STX4
STX5
STX6
STX7
STX8
STX10
STX11
STX12
STX16
STX17
STX18
STX19
Munc-18: STXBP1
STXBP2
STXBP3
STXBP4
STXBP5
STXBP6
R-SNARE
Synaptobrevin/VAMP: VAMP1
VAMP2
VAMP3
Synaptotagmin
SYT1
SYT2
SYT3
SYT4
SYT5
SYT6
SYT7
SYT8
SYT9
SYT10
SYT11
SYT12
SYT13
SYT14
SYT15
SYT16
SYT17
Other
Synaptophysin
Synapsin
Small GTPase: RAB3A
COPI
Coatomer
COPA
COPB1
COPB2
COPD/Archain
COPE
COPG
COPG2
COPZ1
COPZ2
Small GTPase: ARF
COPII
Coatomer
SEC23A/SEC24A
SEC13/SEC31
Small GTPase: SAR1A
RME/Clathrin
CLTA
CLTB
CLTC
Caveolae
Caveolin (CAV1
CAV2
CAV3)
Other/ungrouped
Vesicle formation
Adaptor protein complex 1:
AP1AR
AP1B1
AP1G1
AP1G2
AP1M1
AP1M2
AP1S1
AP1S2
AP1S3
Adaptor protein complex 2:
AP2A1
AP2A2
AP2B1
AP2M1
AP2S1
Adaptor protein complex 3:
AP3B1
AP3B2
AP3D1
AP3M1
AP3M2
AP3S1
AP3S2
Adaptor protein complex 4:
AP4B1
AP4E1
AP4M1
AP4S1
LMAN1
LYST
BLOC-1:
DTNBP1
BLOC153
BLOC-2:
HPS3
HPS5
HPS6
BLOC-3:
HPS1
HPS4
Coats:
Retromer
TIP47
Small GTPase
Dynamin
DNM1
DNM2
DNM3
Other
EHD protein family: EHD1
EHD2
EHD3
EHD4
Sorting nexins
Vacuolar protein sorting: VPS13B
VPS33B
SYNRG
See also vesicular transport protein disorders
[show]
v
t
e
Proteins of the cytoskeleton
Human
Microfilaments
and ABPs
Myofilament
Actins
A1
A2
B
C1
G1
G2
Myosins
I
MYO1A
MYO1B
MYO1C
MYO1D
MYO1E
MYO1F
MYO1G
MYO1H)
II
MYH1
MYH2
MYH3
MYH4
MYH6
MYH7
MYH7B
MYH8
MYH9
MYH10
MYH11
MYH13
MYH14
MYH15
MYH16
III
MYO3A
MYO3B
V
MYO5A
MYO5B
MYO5C
VI
MYO6
VII
MYO7A
MYO7B
IX
MYO9A
MYO9B
X
MYO10
XV
MYO15A
XVIII
MYO18A
MYO18B
LC
MYL1
MYL2
MYL3
MYL4
MYL5
MYL6
MYL6B
MYL7
MYL9
MYLIP
MYLK
MYLK2
MYLL1
Other
Tropomodulin
1
2
3
4
Troponin
T 1 2 3
C 1 2
I 1 2 3
Tropomyosin
1
2
3
4
Actinin
1
2
3
4
Arp2/3 complex
actin depolymerizing factors
Cofilin
1
2
Destrin
Gelsolin
Profilin
1
2
Titin
Other
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein
Fibrillin
Filamin
FLNA
FLNB
FLNC
Espin
TRIOBP
Intermediate
filaments
Type 1/2
(Keratin,
Cytokeratin)
Epithelial keratins
(soft alpha-keratins)
type I/chromosome 17
10
12
13
14
15
16
17
19
20
chromosome 12
18
none
21
type II/chromosome 12
1
2A
3
4
5
6A
6B
7
8
9
Hair keratins
(hard alpha-keratins)
type I/chromosome 17
31
32
33A
33B
34
35
36
37
38
type II/chromosome 12
81
82
83
84
85
86
Ungrouped alpha
chromosome 17
23
24
25
26
27
28
39
40
chromosome 12
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
Not alpha
Beta-keratin
Type 3
Desmin
GFAP
Peripherin
Vimentin
Type 4
Internexin
Nestin
Neurofilament
NEFL
NEFM
NEFH
Synemin
Syncoilin
Type 5
Nuclear lamins: A/C
B1
B2
Microtubules
and MAPs
Kinesins
KIF1A
KIF1B
KIF2A
KIF2C
KIF3B
KIF3C
KIF4A
KIF4B
KIF5A
KIF5B
KIF5C
KIF6
KIF7
KIF9
KIF11
KIF12
KIF13A
KIF13B
KIF14
KIF15
KIF16B
KIF17
KIF18A
KIF18B
KIF19
KIF20A
KIF20B
KIF21A
KIF21B
KIF22
KIF23
KIF24
KIF25
KIF26A
KIF26B
KIF27
KIFC1
KIFC2
KIFC3
Dyneins
axonemal: DNAH1
DNAH2
DNAH3
DNAH5
DNAH6
DNAH7
DNAH8
DNAH9
DNAH10
DNAH11
DNAH12
DNAH13
DNAH14
DNAH17
DNAI1
DNAI2
DNALI1
DNAL1
DNAL4
cytoplasmic: DYNC1H1
DYNC2H1
DYNC1I1
DYNC1I2
DYNC1LI1
DYNC1LI2
DYNC2LI1
DYNLL1
DYNLL2
DYNLRB1
DYNLRB2
DYNLT1
DYNLT3
Other
Tau protein
Dynactin
DCTN1
Tubulins
TUBA1A
TUBA1B
TUBA1C
TUBA3C
TUBA3D
TUBA3E
TUBA4A
TUBA8
Stathmin
Tektin
TEKT1
TEKT2
TEKT3
TEKT4
TEKT5
Dynamin
DNM1
DNM2
DNM3
Catenins
Alpha catenin
Beta catenin
APC
Plakoglobin (gamma catenin)
Delta catenin
GAN
Membrane
Dystrophin
Dystroglycan
Utrophin
Ankyrin
ANK1
ANK2
ANK3
Spectrin
SPTA1
SPTAN1
SPTB
SPTBN1
SPTBN2
SPTBN4
SPTBN5
Other
Plakins
Corneodesmosin
Desmoplakin
Dystonin
Envoplakin
MACF1
Periplakin
Plectin
Talin
TLN1
Vinculin
Plakophilin
PKP1
PKP2
Nonhuman
Major sperm proteins
Prokaryotic cytoskeleton
Crescentin
FtsZ
MreB
See also: cytoskeletal defects
[show]
v
t
e
Hydrolases: acid anhydride hydrolases (EC 3.6)
3.6.1
Pyrophosphatase
Inorganic
Thiamine
Apyrase
Thiamine-triphosphatase
3.6.2
Adenylylsulfatase
Phosphoadenylylsulfatase
3.6.3-4: ATPase
3.6.3
Cu++ (3.6.3.4)
Menkes/ATP7A
Wilson/ATP7B
Ca+ (3.6.3.8)
SERCA
ATP2A1
ATP2A2
ATP2A3
Plasma membrane
ATP2B1
ATP2B2
ATP2B3
ATP2B4
SPCA
ATP2C1
ATP2C2
Na+/K+ (3.6.3.9)
ATP1A1
ATP1A2
ATP1A3
ATP1A4
ATP1B1
ATP1B2
ATP1B3
ATP1B4
H+/K+ (3.6.3.10)
ATP4A
Other P-type ATPase
ATP8B1
ATP10A
ATP11B
ATP12A
ATP13A2
ATP13A3
3.6.4
Dynein
Kinesin
Myosin
Katanin
3.6.5: GTPase
3.6.5.1: Heterotrimeric G protein
Gαs
Gαi
GNAI1
GNAI2
GNAI3
Gαq/11
GNAQ
GNA11
Gα12/13
GNA12
GNA13
Transducin
GNAT1
GNAT2
Gustducin
GNAT3
3.6.5.2: Small GTPase > Ras superfamily
Rho family of GTPases: Cdc42
CDC42
TC10
TCL
RhoUV
RhoU
RhoV
Rac
Rac1
2
3
RhoG
RhoBTB
1
2
RhoH
Rho
A
B
C
Rnd
1
2
3
RhoDF
RhoF
RhoD
other: Ras
HRAS
KRAS
NRAS
Rab
RAB23
RAB27
Arf
ARF6
SAR1B
ARL13B
ARL6
Ran
Rheb
Rap
RGK
3.6.5.3: Protein-synthesizing GTPase
Prokaryotic
IF-2
EF-Tu
EF-G
Eukaryotic
3.6.5.5-6: Polymerization motors
Dynamin
Tubulin
[show]
v
t
e
Enzymes
Activity
Active site
Binding site
Catalytic triad
Oxyanion hole
Enzyme promiscuity
Catalytically perfect enzyme
Coenzyme
Cofactor
Enzyme catalysis
Regulation
Allosteric regulation
Cooperativity
Enzyme inhibitor
Classification
EC number
Enzyme superfamily
Enzyme family
List of enzymes
Kinetics
Enzyme kinetics
Eadie–Hofstee diagram
Hanes–Woolf plot
Lineweaver–Burk plot
Michaelis–Menten kinetics
Types
EC1 Oxidoreductases (list)
EC2 Transferases (list)
EC3 Hydrolases (list)
EC4 Lyases (list)
EC5 Isomerases (list)
EC6 Ligases (list)
Molecular and Cellular Biology portal
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Dynamin&oldid=791031306"
Categories:
Cellular processes
EC 3.6.5
Hidden categories:
CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
Bosanski
Català
Čeština
Deutsch
Español
Français
Português
Русский
Српски / srpski
Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски
3 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 17 July 2017, at 17:57.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: th

attrs: colspan style

value: tr

value: img

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

value: i

value: td

attrs: scope style

values:
row
background-color: #e7dcc3

attrs: href title

values:
nofollow
external text
http://pfam.xfam.org/family?acc=PF00350

values:
nofollow
external text
http://pfam.xfam.org/clan/CL0023

values: background-color: #e7dcc3; border:#fafafa 2px solid; border-width:3px 2px 0 0;

values: background-color: #eee; border:#fafafa 2px solid; border-width:3px 0 0 2px;

values: width:22em;float:none; clear:none; margin:0; border-width:0; border-collapse:collapse; text-align:left; width:100%

values:
nofollow
external text
http://pfam.xfam.org/family?acc=PF01031

values:
/wiki/Vesicle_(biology)
mw-redirect
Vesicle (biology)

values:
/wiki/Charcot-Marie-Tooth_disease
mw-redirect
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease

values:
/wiki/Proc._Natl._Acad._Sci._USA
mw-redirect
Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1073%2Fpnas.94.2.377

values:
/wiki/PubMed_Identifier
mw-redirect
PubMed Identifier

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16218949

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2Fnature04718

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16648839

values:
nofollow
external text
//doi.org/10.1038%2Fng1514

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15731758

values: Category:CS1 maint: Multiple names: authors list

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

values: Template talk:Vesicular transport proteins

values:
row
navbox-group
width:1%;background-color: AntiqueWhite

values: Adaptor protein complex 1 (page does not exist)

values: Adaptor-related protein complex 2, alpha 1

values: Adaptor protein complex 3 (page does not exist)

values: Adaptor protein complex 4 (page does not exist)

values: Biogenesis of lysosome-related organelles complex 1

values: Template:Vesicular transport protein disorders

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
padding:0; background:transparent

values: nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values:
/wiki/Actinin,_alpha_1
mw-redirect
Actinin, alpha 1

values:
/wiki/Actinin,_alpha_2
mw-redirect
Actinin, alpha 2

values:
/wiki/CFL2_(gene)
mw-redirect
CFL2 (gene)

values:
/wiki/Wiskott-Aldrich_syndrome_protein
mw-redirect
Wiskott-Aldrich syndrome protein

values:
/wiki/Epithelial_keratin
mw-redirect
Epithelial keratin

values:
/wiki/Talin_(protein)
mw-redirect
Talin (protein)

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog

values:
/wiki/Catalytically_perfect_enzyme
mw-redirect
Catalytically perfect enzyme

values:
/wiki/Enzyme_superfamily
mw-redirect
Enzyme superfamily

values:
/wiki/Enzyme_family
mw-redirect
Enzyme family

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Dynamin
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values:
/w/index.php?title=Dynamin&action=edit
Edit this page [ctrl-alt-e]
e

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values:
https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamin
Dinamin – Bosnian
bs
bs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamina
Dinamina – Catalan
ca
ca
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamin
Dynamin – Czech
cs
cs
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-cs
display: none;

values:
https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dynamine
Dynamine – German
de
de
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamina
Dinamina – Spanish
es
es
interlanguage-link-target

values:
https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamina
Dinamina – Portuguese
pt
pt
interlanguage-link-target

values: Динамин – Russian

values:
https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamin
Dinamin – Serbian
sr
sr
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sr
display: none;

values:
https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dinamin
Dinamin – Serbo-Croatian
sh
sh
interlanguage-link-target

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sh
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Dynamin rootpage-Dynamin skin-vector action-view


text:
List of The Simpsons Treehouse of Horror episodes
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This is a list of Treehouse of Horror episodes produced by the animated television series The Simpsons. Treehouse of Horror episodes have aired annually since the second season (1990) and each episode has three separate segments. These segments usually involve the family in some horror, science fiction, or supernatural setting and always take place outside the normal continuity of the show and are therefore considered to be non-canon. "Treehouse of Horror" episode aired on October 25, 1990 and was inspired by EC Comics Horror tales.[1] Before "Treehouse of Horror XI", which aired in 2000, every episode has aired in the week preceding or on October 31; "Treehouse of Horror II" and "Treehouse of Horror X" are the only episodes to air on Halloween. Between 2000 and 2011, due to Fox's contract with Major League Baseball's World Series, several episodes have originally aired in November;[2] as of 2011 every Treehouse of Horror episode has aired during the month of October. From "Treehouse of Horror" to "Treehouse of Horror XIII", all three segments were written by different writers and in some cases there was a fourth writer that wrote the opening and wraparound segments.[3] For "Treehouse of Horror", there were even three different directors for the episode.[4] Starting with season fifteen's "Treehouse of Horror XIV", only one writer was credited as having written a Treehouse of Horror episode, and the trend has continued since.[5][6][7][8]
As of 2017, there are twenty-eight Treehouse of Horror episodes, with one airing every year. They are known for being more violent than an average Simpsons episode and contain several different trademarks, including the alien characters Kang and Kodos who have appeared in every episode. Quite often the segments will parody well-known movies, books, radio shows, and television shows. The Twilight Zone has been parodied quite often, and has served as the inspiration for numerous segments.[9]
Contents
[hide]
1 Episodes
2 See also
3 References
4 External links
Episodes[edit]
See also: List of The Simpsons episodes
Installment
Season
No. in
regular series
Segments
Directed by
Written by
Original air date
Prod.
code
I 2 16–203
"Bad Dream House"
Wes Archer John Swartzwelder October 25, 1990 7F04
"Hungry are the Damned"
Rich Moore Jay Kogen & Wallace Wolodarsky
"The Raven"
David Silverman Sam Simon & Edgar Allan Poe
II 3 42–307
"Lisa's Nightmare"
Jim Reardon Al Jean & Mike Reiss
Jeff Martin, George Meyer
Sam Simon, John Swartzwelder October 31, 1991 8F02
"Bart's Nightmare"
"Homer's Nightmare"
III 4 64–405
"Clown Without Pity"
Carlos Baeza Al Jean & Mike Reiss
Jay Kogen & Wallace Wolodarsky
Sam Simon, Jon Vitti October 29, 1992 9F04
"King Homer"
"Dial 'Z' for Zombies"
IV 5 86–505
Wraparounds
David Silverman Conan O'Brien[10] October 28, 1993 1F04
"The Devil and Homer Simpson"
Greg Daniels & Dan McGrath[11]
"Terror at 5½ Feet"
Bill Oakley & Josh Weinstein[12]
"Bart Simpson's Dracula"
Bill Canterbury[13]
V 6 109–606
"The Shinning"
Jim Reardon Bob Kushell[14] October 30, 1994 2F03
"Time and Punishment"
Greg Daniels & Dan McGrath[15]
"Nightmare Cafeteria"
David S. Cohen[16]
VI 7 134–706
"Attack of the 50-Foot Eyesores"
Bob Anderson John Swartzwelder[17] October 29, 1995 3F04
"Nightmare on Evergreen Terrace"
Steve Tompkins[17]
"Homer³"
David S. Cohen[18]
VII 8 154–801
"The Thing and I"
Mike B. Anderson Ken Keeler[19] October 27, 1996 4F02
"The Genesis Tub"
Dan Greaney[20]
"Citizen Kang"
David S. Cohen[21]
VIII 9 182–904
"The HΩmega Man"
Mark Kirkland Mike Scully[22] October 26, 1997 5F02
"Fly vs. Fly"
David S. Cohen[23]
"Easy-Bake Coven"
Ned Goldreyer[22]
IX 10 207–1004
"Hell Toupée"
Steven Dean Moore Donick Cary[24] October 25, 1998 AABF01
"The Terror of Tiny Toon"
Larry Doyle[25]
"Starship Poopers"
David S. Cohen[26]
X 11 230–1104
"I Know What You Diddily-Iddily-Did"
Pete Michels Donick Cary[27] October 31, 1999 BABF01
"Desperately Xeeking Xena"
Tim Long[28]
"Life's a Glitch, Then You Die"
Ron Hauge[29]
XI 12 249–1201
"G-G-Ghost D-D-Dad"
Matthew Nastuk Rob LaZebnik[30] November 1, 2000 BABF21
"Scary Tales Can Come True"
John Frink & Don Payne[31]
"Night of the Dolphin"
Carolyn Omine[32]
XII 13 270–1301
"Hex and the City"
Jim Reardon Joel H. Cohen November 6, 2001 CABF19
"House of Whacks"
John Frink & Don Payne
"Wiz Kids"
Carolyn Omine
XIII 14 292–1401
"Send in the Clones"
David Silverman Marc Wilmore November 3, 2002 DABF19
"The Fright to Creep and Scare Harms"
Brian Kelley
"The Island of Dr. Hibbert"
Kevin Curran
XIV 15 314–1501
"Reaper Madness"
Steven Dean Moore John Swartzwelder November 2, 2003 EABF21
"Frinkenstein"
"Stop the World, I Want to Goof Off"
XV 16 336–1601
"The Ned Zone"
David Silverman Bill Odenkirk November 7, 2004 FABF23
"Four Beheadings and a Funeral"
"In the Belly of the Boss"
XVI 17 360–1704
"B.I.: Bartificial Intelligence"
David Silverman Marc Wilmore November 6, 2005 GABF17
"Survival of the Fattest"
"I've Grown a Costume on Your Face"
XVII 18 382–1804
"Married to the Blob"
David Silverman
Matthew Faughnan Peter Gaffney November 5, 2006 HABF17
"You Gotta Know When to Golem"
"The Day the Earth Looked Stupid"
XVIII 19 405–1905
"E.T., Go Home"
Chuck Sheetz Marc Wilmore November 4, 2007 JABF16
"Mr. & Mrs. Simpson"
"Heck House"
XIX 20 424–2004
"Untitled Robot Parody"
Bob Anderson Matt Warburton November 2, 2008 KABF16
"How to Get Ahead in Dead-vertising"
"It's the Grand Pumpkin, Milhouse"
XX 21 445–2104
"Dial 'M' for Murder or Press '#' to Return to Main Menu"
Mike B. Anderson
Matthew Schofield Daniel Chun October 18, 2009 LABF14
"Don't Have a Cow, Mankind"
"There's No Business Like Moe Business"
XXI 22 468–2204
"War and Pieces"
Bob Anderson Joel H. Cohen November 7, 2010 MABF16
"Master and Cadaver"
"Tweenlight"
XXII 23 489–2303
"The Diving Bell and Butterball"
Matthew Faughnan Carolyn Omine October 30, 2011 NABF19
"Dial D for Diddly"
"In the Na'Vi"
XXIII 24 510–2402
"The Greatest Story Ever Holed"
Steven Dean Moore David Mandel & Brian Kelley October 7, 2012 PABF17
"UNnormal Activity"
"Bart & Homer's Excellent Adventure"
XXIV 25 532–2502
"Oh the Places You'll D'oh"
Rob Oliver Jeff Westbrook October 6, 2013 RABF16
"Dead and Shoulders"
"Freaks no Geeks"
XXV 26 556–2604
"School is Hell"
Matthew Faughnan Stephanie Gillis October 19, 2014 SABF21
"A Clockwork Yellow"
"The Others"
XXVI 27 579–2705
"Wanted: Dead, Then Alive"
Steven Dean Moore Joel H. Cohen October 25, 2015 TABF18
"Homerzilla"
"Telepaths of Glory"
XXVII 28 600–2804
"Dry Hard"
Steven Dean Moore Joel H. Cohen October 16, 2016 VABF16
"BFF R.I.P"
"Moefinger"
XXVIII 29 622–2904
"The Exor-Sis"
Timothy Bailey John Frink October 22, 2017 WABF18
"Coralisa"
"Mmm... Homer"
XXIX 30 644–3004
"Geriatric Park"
Matthew Faughnan Joel H. Cohen October 2018 XABF16
TBA
TBA
See also[edit]
List of The Simpsons episodes
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Jean, Al (2002). The Simpsons season 2 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Ryan, Andrew (2006-11-04). "Pick of the Day: The Simpsons Treehouse of Horror XVII". The Globe and Mail. p. 12.
Jump up ^ O'Brien, Conan; Weinstein, Josh; Oakley, Bill; Daniels, Greg; McGrath, Dan; Canterbury, Bill; Silverman, David (1993-10-28). "Treehouse of Horror IV". The Simpsons. Season 04. Episode 05. Fox.
Jump up ^ Swartzwelder, John; Kogen, Jay; Wolodarsky, Wallace; Simon, Sam; Archer, Wes; Moore, Rich; Silverman, David (1990-10-25). "Treehouse of Horror". The Simpsons. Season 2. Episode 03. Fox.
Jump up ^ Odenkirk, Bill; Silverman, David (2004-11-04). "Treehouse of Horror XV". The Simpsons. Season 16. Episode 01. Fox.
Jump up ^ Wilmore, Marc; Silverman, David (2005-11-06). "Treehouse of Horror XVI". The Simpsons. Season 17. Episode 04. Fox.
Jump up ^ Gaffney, Peter; Silverman, David; Faughnan, Matthew (2006-11-05). "Treehouse of Horror XVII". The Simpsons. Season 18. Episode 04. Fox.
Jump up ^ Wilmore, Marc; Sheetz, Chuck (2007-11-04). "Treehouse of Horror XVIII". The Simpsons. Season 19. Episode 05. Fox.
Jump up ^ Kogen, Jay (2002). The Simpsons season 2 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ O'Brien, Conan (2004). The Simpsons season 5 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IV" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Daniels, Greg (2004). The Simpsons season 5 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IV" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Weinstein, Josh (2004). The Simpsons season 5 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IV" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Mirkin, David (2004). The Simpsons season 5 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IV" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Mirkin, David (2005). The Simpsons season 6 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror V" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Daniels, Greg (2005). The Simpsons season 6 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror V" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cohen, David X (2005). The Simpsons season 6 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror V" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
^ Jump up to: a b Oakley, Bill (2005). The Simpsons season 7 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VI" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cohen, David X (2005). The Simpsons season 7 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VI" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Keeler, Ken (2006). The Simpsons season 8 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VII" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Greaney, Dan (2006). The Simpsons season 8 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VII" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cohen, David X (2006). The Simpsons season 8 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VII" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
^ Jump up to: a b Scully, Mike (2006). The Simpsons season 9 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VIII" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cohen, David X (2006). The Simpsons season 9 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror VIII" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cary, Donick (2007). The Simpsons season 10 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IX" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Scully, Mike (2007). The Simpsons season 10 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IX" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cohen, David X (2007). The Simpsons season 10 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror IX" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Cary, Donick (2008). The Simpsons season 11 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror X" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Long, Tim (2008). The Simpsons season 11 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror X" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Hauge, Ron (2008). The Simpsons season 11 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror X" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ LaZebnik, Rob (2009). The Simpsons season 12 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror XI" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Frink, John; Payne, Don (2009). The Simpsons season 12 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror XI" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Jump up ^ Scully, Mike (2009). The Simpsons season 12 DVD commentary for the episode "Treehouse of Horror XI" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
Bibliography
Gimple, Scott M.; Matt Groening (December 1, 1999). The Simpsons Forever!: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family ...Continued. HarperCollins. ISBN 978-0-06-098763-3.
Groening, Matt (1997). Richmond, Ray; Coffman, Antonia, eds. The Simpsons: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family (1st ed.). New York: HarperPerennial. ISBN 978-0-06-095252-5. LCCN 98141857. OCLC 37796735. OL 433519M.
McCann, Jesse L.; Matt Groening (2002). The Simpsons Beyond Forever!: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family ...Still Continued. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-050592-3.
McCann, Jesse L.; Matt Groening (2005). The Simpsons One Step Beyond Forever!: A Complete Guide to Our Favorite Family ...Continued Yet Again. HarperCollins. ISBN 0-06-081754-2.
Turner, Chris (2004). Planet Simpson: How a Cartoon Masterpiece Documented an Era and Defined a Generation. Foreword by Douglas Coupland. (1st ed.). Toronto: Random House Canada. ISBN 978-0-679-31318-2. OCLC 55682258.
External links[edit]
Official episode guide at the Fox website TheSimpsons.com. Retrieved on October 25, 2010
Treehouse of Horror I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, XI, XII, XIII, XIV, XV, XVI, XVII, XVIII, XIX, XX
Episode guide from Warren Martyn and Adrian Wood's book "I Can't Believe It's a Bigger and Better Updated Unofficial Simpsons Guide" on the BBC website. November 10, 2007
Treehouse of Horror I, II, III, IV, V, VI, VII, VIII, IX
[show]
v
t
e
The Simpsons Treehouse of Horror episodes
I
II
III
IV
V
VI
VII
VIII
IX
X
XI
XII
XIII
XIV
XV
XVI
XVII
XVIII
XIX
XX
XXI
XXII
XXIII
XXIV
XXV
XXVI
XXVII
XXVIII
[show]
v
t
e
The Simpsons
Characters
Homer
Marge
Bart
Lisa
Maggie
Recurring characters
One-time characters
Production
History
Cast members
Guest stars
Non-English versions
Writers
Directors
Awards
Episodes
Seasons 1–20
Seasons 21–present
Seasons
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Hallmarks
Opening sequence
Main title theme
Treehouse of Horror episodes (list)
Couch gags
The Itchy & Scratchy Show (episode list)
Themes
Media
Politics
Religion
Locations
Springfield
The Simpsons house
Kwik-E-Mart
Derivative works
Home video
Video games
Books
Comics
Simpsons Illustrated
World of Springfield
Mr. Burns, a Post-Electric Play
Frinkiac
Miscellaneous
The Simpsons shorts from The Tracey Ullman Show ("Good Night")
The Simpsons Movie
The Longest Daycare
Discography
"D'oh!"
"¡Ay, caramba!"
Products
Duff Beer
Springfield (Florida, Hollywood)
The Simpsons Ride
Kang & Kodos' Twirl 'n' Hurl
20th Anniversary Special
"The Simpsons Guy"
Related
The Problem with Apu
The Simpsons and Their Mathematical Secrets (2013 book)
The Simpsons (franchise)
alt.tv.simpsons
Portal
Category
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_The_Simpsons_Treehouse_of_Horror_episodes&oldid=837346606"
Categories:
The Simpsons episodes
The Simpsons lists
Treehouse of Horror (series)
Hidden categories:
Featured lists
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Español
Português
Русский
Simple English
Türkçe
Edit links
This page was last edited on 20 April 2018, at 07:45.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: This is a featured list. Click here for more information.

attrs: class id

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

value: b

values: Treehouse of Horror (The Simpsons episode)

values:
/wiki/Violence_in_cartoons
mw-redirect
Violence in cartoons

values:
/wiki/The_Simpsons_(season_30)
mw-redirect
The Simpsons (season 30)

values:
wikitable plainrowheaders
1
text-align: center;

values: -moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;

values:
nofollow
external text
//lccn.loc.gov/98141857

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/37796735

values:
nofollow
external text
//openlibrary.org/books/OL433519M

values:
/wiki/Random_House_Canada
mw-redirect
Random House Canada

values:
nofollow
external text
//www.worldcat.org/oclc/55682258

values:
nofollow
http://www.thesimpsons.com/recaps/
external text

values: nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner

values: background: #fada00; color: #000;;;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none;

values:
col
navbox-title
2
background: #fada00; color: #000;

values: background: #fada00; color: #000;;width:1%

values: List of recurring The Simpsons characters

values: List of one-time The Simpsons characters

values: List of awards and nominations received by The Simpsons

values: List of The Simpsons episodes (seasons 1–20)

values: List of The Simpsons home video releases

values: Springfield (Universal Studios Hollywood)

values: The Simpsons 20th Anniversary Special – In 3-D! On Ice!

values:
navbox-abovebelow
2
background: #fada00; color: #000;

values: nowraplinks hlist collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: Anexo:Especiales de Halloween de Los Simpson – Spanish

values: interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle

values: Lista de episódios de Treehouse of Horror – Portuguese

values: Список хеллоуинских эпизодов «Симпсонов» – Russian

values: List of The Simpsons Treehouse of Horror episodes – Simple English

values: Treehouse of Horror bölümleri listesi – Turkish

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_The_Simpsons_Treehouse_of_Horror_episodes rootpage-List_of_The_Simpsons_Treehouse_of_Horror_episodes skin-vector action-view