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Game seven
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"Game 7" redirects here. For the song by T.I., see We Want Smoke.
A game seven is the final game of a best of seven series. This game can occur in the postseasons for Major League Baseball (MLB) (League Championship Series and World Series), the National Basketball Association (NBA) (all rounds of the NBA playoffs), and the National Hockey League (NHL) (all rounds of the Stanley Cup playoffs).
The game is generally played at the site of the team holding the home advantage across the series.
The nature of a best-of-seven series requires that the series be tied at three games apiece going into game seven, such that either team can take the series (advancing further in the playoffs or winning the championship) by winning the game. Because of this decisive nature, game sevens add an element of drama to their sports.
Aside from North American sports leagues, game sevens are also a fixture in many other sports around the world, mostly in baseball, basketball, and ice hockey leagues. Most codes of football do not employ a best-of-seven series (or any best-of-x series in general), hence game sevens are not played in those leagues.
Some playoff rounds (such as MLB's current Division Series) are played in a best of five format, such that game five has similar qualities to those described above, though the suspense and drama have less time to build in a shorter series. Furthermore, the World Series of 1903, 1919, 1920, and 1921 were played in a best of nine format, though none of the four went to a decisive game nine.
The game seven is comparable to a final or to a single game in a single-elimination tournament or to a one-game playoff. The game is equivalent to the Super Bowl game in the National Football League in that the game's winner is the league's champion for the season.
Contents
[hide]
1 Examples
1.1 Major League Baseball
1.1.1 World Series
1.1.2 League Championship Series
1.2 National Hockey League
1.3 National Basketball Association
1.4 Chinese Professional Baseball League
2 Comebacks
3 References
Examples[edit]
Major League Baseball[edit]
In the MLB Postseason, game seven can occur in the League Championship Series and the World Series (the divisional series are best of five). In the World Series, there have been 39 decisive game sevens (of the four World Series that were contested on a best-of-nine basis, none went to a game nine, though all four included a non-decisive game seven).[1]
World Series[edit]
World Series that were decided on a game seven: All extra inning game sevens involve three franchises each with two appearances, the New York/San Francisco Giants (losing both), the Washington Senators/Minnesota Twins (winning both) and the Cleveland Indians (losing both). Home teams are 19–20 in game sevens.[2]
Year
Winning team
Losing team
Score
Site
Notes
1909[3] Pittsburgh Pirates Detroit Tigers 8–0 Bennett Park, Detroit Rookie Babe Adams tosses a six hit shutout for his third win of the series.
1912[4] Boston Red Sox New York Giants 3–2 F/10 Fenway Park, Boston This decisive contest was actually game eight, as game two had ended in a tie.
1924[5] Washington Senators New York Giants 4–3 F/12 Griffith Stadium, Washington, D.C. Longest game seven in innings. In the 12th, Muddy Ruel doubled after a dropped foul popfly by Giants catcher Hank Gowdy. Ruel scored on a game-winning RBI double by Earl McNeely.
1925[6] Pittsburgh Pirates Washington Senators 9–7 Forbes Field, Pittsburgh Pittsburgh became the first team in a best of seven to win the series when trailing three games to one.
1926[7] St. Louis Cardinals New York Yankees 3–2 Yankee Stadium, the Bronx, New York City Grover Cleveland Alexander strikes out Tony Lazzeri with the bases loaded to end the seventh and preserve the Cardinals lead. Two innings later Babe Ruth is caught stealing to end the World Series.
1931[8] St. Louis Cardinals Philadelphia Athletics 4–2 St. Louis, Missouri Last postseason game for the Athletics while based in Philadelphia.
1934[9] St. Louis Cardinals Detroit Tigers 11–0 Navin Field, Detroit Dizzy Dean's second win, a six-hit shutout on one day of rest, gives the Cardinals the title.
1940[10] Cincinnati Reds Detroit Tigers 2–1 Crosley Field, Cincinnati This game was over in a snappy 1:47 while a sacrifice bunt and sacrifice fly scored the winning runs.
1945[11] Detroit Tigers Chicago Cubs 9–3 Wrigley Field, Chicago Cubs last World Series appearance until 2016.
See also: Curse of the Billy Goat
1946[12] St. Louis Cardinals Boston Red Sox 4–3 Sportsman's Park III, St. Louis, Missouri Enos Slaughter's famous mad dash scored the deciding run to win the game and the series.
1947[13] New York Yankees Brooklyn Dodgers 5–2 Yankee Stadium, the Bronx, New York City This was the Series that featured Cookie Lavagetto's pinch-hit that spoiled Bill Bevens' no-hit bid and Al Gionfriddo's catch to rob Joe DiMaggio of a home run.
1952[14] New York Yankees Brooklyn Dodgers 4–2 Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York City Billy Martin's game saving infield catch preserves the Yankees lead and helps win the game and the series.
1955[15] Brooklyn Dodgers New York Yankees 2–0 Yankee Stadium, the Bronx, New York City Dodgers' only championship in Brooklyn. The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven.
1956[16] New York Yankees Brooklyn Dodgers 9–0 Ebbets Field, Brooklyn, New York City Jackie Robinson's final Major League game. Last postseason game at Ebbets Field and Dodgers' last postseason game before moving to Los Angeles. The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven.
1957[17] Milwaukee Braves New York Yankees 5–0 Yankee Stadium, the Bronx, New York City The Braves' only championship in Milwaukee.
1958[18] New York Yankees Milwaukee Braves 6–2 County Stadium, Milwaukee The Yankees win their 18th World Series title after being down three games to one. This was the Braves' last postseason game in Milwaukee.
1960[19] Pittsburgh Pirates New York Yankees 10–9 Forbes Field, Pittsburgh Bill Mazeroski hit the walk-off home run to win the Pirates the championship. Last postseason game in Forbes Field. Last postseason game for Yankees' manager Casey Stengel. Highest scoring game seven.
1962[20] New York Yankees San Francisco Giants 1–0 Candlestick Park, San Francisco With runners on second and third and two outs, Willie McCovey's line drive to Bobby Richardson ended the game. First game seven that ended with a 1-0 score.
1964[21] St. Louis Cardinals New York Yankees 7–5 Busch Stadium I, St. Louis, Missouri The Yankees' last World Series appearance until 1976. Last postseason game at Busch Stadium I.
1965[22] Los Angeles Dodgers Minnesota Twins 2–0 Metropolitan Stadium, Bloomington, Minnesota Pitching through immense pain and on two days rest, Sandy Koufax throws a 3 hit shutout to win the Series and World Series MVP. The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven.
1967[23] St. Louis Cardinals Boston Red Sox 7–2 Fenway Park, Boston Bob Gibson wins his third game of the Series and also homers.
1968[24] Detroit Tigers St. Louis Cardinals 4–1 Busch Stadium II, St. Louis, Missouri Mickey Lolich out-duels Bob Gibson. The Tigers rallied from a 3-1 deficit to win the series. First game seven loss by the Cardinals in the World Series.
1971[25] Pittsburgh Pirates Baltimore Orioles 2–1 Memorial Stadium, Baltimore The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven.
1972[26] Oakland Athletics Cincinnati Reds 3–2 Riverfront Stadium, Cincinnati The A's first championship in Oakland. The A's were the last American League team to win a World Series game seven on the road until 2017.
1973[27] Oakland Athletics New York Mets 5–2 Oakland–Alameda County Coliseum, Oakland, California Bert Campaneris and Reggie Jackson hit the only Oakland home runs in this game to set the tone for victory and the series.
1975[28] Cincinnati Reds Boston Red Sox 4–3 Fenway Park, Boston One night after Carlton Fisk's famous home run, the Reds rebound to take the Series.
1979[29] Pittsburgh Pirates Baltimore Orioles 4–1 Memorial Stadium, Baltimore The Pittsburgh Pirates, powered by NLCS and World Series MVP Willie Stargell, rally from a 3-1 deficit to win the series. The Pirates were the last team to win a road game seven until 2014.
1982[30] St. Louis Cardinals Milwaukee Brewers 6–3 Busch Stadium II, St. Louis, Missouri Joaquín Andújar earns his second win of the Series and Bruce Sutter his second save.
1985[31] Kansas City Royals St. Louis Cardinals 11–0 Royals Stadium, Kansas City, Missouri Second World Series held entirely in the state of Missouri. The Royals also won the 1985 American League Championship Series in seven games. Royals became first team to win the World Series after losing the first two games at home. The Royals were the last team to come back from 3–1 down to win a title, in any of the five major men's professional sports leagues, until the Cleveland Cavaliers won the 2016 NBA Finals after trailing 3–1. The 1985 Royals were the last team to win a World Series after trailing 3–1 until the Cubs did so in 2016.
1986[32] New York Mets Boston Red Sox 8–5 Shea Stadium, Flushing, Queens, New York Mets become the first team to be one strike away from elimination and come back to win the series. They also become the second team to win the series after losing the first two at home.
1987[33] Minnesota Twins St. Louis Cardinals 4–2 Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, Minneapolis The home team won all seven games of the series for the first time in MLB history.
1991[34] Minnesota Twins Atlanta Braves 1–0 F/10 Hubert H. Humphrey Metrodome, Minneapolis Like in 1987, the home team won all games of the series. The Twins won in the bottom of the 10th on a walk-off single by Gene Larkin scoring Dan Gladden after 9 1⁄2 scoreless innings of play. Jack Morris goes all ten innings for the Twins and is named the Series MVP. Twins Centerfielder Kirby Puckett hit a famous walk-off home run in the bottom of the eleventh inning of the previous night's game to force this decisive game.
1997[35] Florida Marlins Cleveland Indians 3–2 F/11 Pro Player Stadium, Miami Gardens, Florida Florida becomes the first wild card team to win the World Series. The Marlins rallied for one run in the bottom of the ninth to tie and won in the eleventh on an Édgar Rentería RBI single off Charles Nagy.
2001[36] Arizona Diamondbacks New York Yankees 3–2 Bank One Ballpark, Phoenix, Arizona Arizona becomes the fastest expansion team to win the World Series, rallying for two runs in the bottom of the ninth for a come-from-behind win, capped off by Luis Gonzalez hitting the winning RBI single off closer Mariano Rivera. The home team won every game of the series.
2002[37] Anaheim Angels San Francisco Giants 4–1 Edison International Field, Anaheim, California Both World Series teams were wild card entrants into the playoffs. John Lackey became the second rookie pitcher to win a World Series game seven.
2011[38] St. Louis Cardinals Texas Rangers 6–2 Busch Stadium, St. Louis, Missouri Cardinals became the second team to be one strike away from elimination and come back to win the series, which they did twice. Just like the 1991 series, a walk-off home run in the bottom of the eleventh inning of game six, forced this decisive game with David Freese providing the fire power. Most recent game seven won by the home team.
2014[39] San Francisco Giants Kansas City Royals 3–2 Kauffman Stadium, Kansas City, Missouri Like in 2002, both World Series teams were wild card entrants into the playoffs. The Giants became the first NL team to win a game seven on the road since 1979. NLCS MVP and eventual World Series MVP Madison Bumgarner, normally a starter, pitched five scoreless innings of relief on two days rest to save the Giants' third title in five years.
2016[40] Chicago Cubs Cleveland Indians 8–7 F/10 Progressive Field, Cleveland, Ohio Chicago Cubs' first World Series win since 1908.[41] Game played between the two teams (Cleveland Indians and Chicago Cubs) with the longest active championship droughts. The Cubs are the first Major League Baseball team to come back to win the World Series from a 3–1 series deficit since the 1985 Royals. Most recent World Series game seven to be decided in extra innings. First extra innings game seven to be won by the road team.
2017 Houston Astros Los Angeles Dodgers 5–1 Dodger Stadium, Los Angeles First instance of back-to-back game sevens since 2001–2002. First World Series championship for the Astros, who became the first AL team to win a World Series game 7 on the road since 1972. The Astros became the second team to win two winner-take-all game sevens in the same postseason since the Kansas City Royals in 1985.[42]
League Championship Series[edit]
The League Championship Series were originally decided best of five from 1969 until 1984. Since 1985 when both were expanded to best of seven contests, 16 series (7 American, 9 National) were decided in game seven.
League Championship Series that were decided on a game seven:
Year
Series
Winning team
Losing team
Score
Site
Notes
1985[43] ALCS Kansas City Royals Toronto Blue Jays 6–2 Exhibition Stadium, Toronto The Royals rallied from a 3-1 deficit, including taking the last two on the road to win the pennant. They would go on to win the 1985 World Series in seven games, becoming the first team in MLB history to win two game sevens in a single postseason.
1986[44] ALCS Boston Red Sox California Angels 8–1 Fenway Park, Boston, Massachusetts Dave Henderson's famous home run off of Donnie Moore turned the tide as Boston rallied from a 3-1 deficit to win the series. Boston would lose the 1986 World Series in seven games.
1987[45] NLCS St. Louis Cardinals San Francisco Giants 6–0 Busch Stadium (II), St. Louis, Missouri Although Jeffrey Leonard would homer in the first four games of the series it was not enough as back-to-back shutouts by the Cardinals in games six and seven gave St. Louis the NL Pennant. The Cardinals would lose the World Series as the Minnesota Twins give new meaning to the term home-field advantage in the World Series as only the decisive game seven is close.
1988[46] NLCS Los Angeles Dodgers New York Mets 6–0 Dodger Stadium, Los Angeles Orel Hershiser pitches a five-hit shutout to send the Dodgers to the World Series. Until 2017, this was the only game seven of any postseason series to be played in Dodger Stadium.
1991[47] NLCS Atlanta Braves Pittsburgh Pirates 4–0 Three Rivers Stadium, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania Back-to-back shutouts in games six and seven helps the Braves win the pennant. The Braves would lose the series to Minnesota in seven games in what is regarded as the best World Series of all time.
1992[48] NLCS Atlanta Braves Pittsburgh Pirates 3–2 Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, Atlanta Atlanta scored all three runs in the bottom of the ninth. Pinch hitter Francisco Cabrera drove in the two winning runs with a two-out single with the bases loaded. The winning run was scored by Sid Bream. Pirates' last postseason game until 2013. Atlanta would lose the World Series to the Toronto Blue Jays in six games.
1996[49] NLCS Atlanta Braves St. Louis Cardinals 15–0 Atlanta–Fulton County Stadium, Atlanta Highest run differential for a Game Seven. Final game for Cardinals' Hall of Famer Ozzie Smith. Also, this was the third of a 5-game winning streak as the Braves came back from a three games to one deficit to win the series. They would go on to win the first two games of the 1996 World Series only to lose the Series to the New York Yankees in six games.
2003[50] ALCS New York Yankees Boston Red Sox 6–5 F/11 Yankee Stadium, the Bronx, New York City Leading off for the Yankees in the bottom of the eleventh, Aaron Boone hit a walk-off home run to win the series and score a date with the Florida Marlins.
2003[51] NLCS Florida Marlins Chicago Cubs 9–6 Wrigley Field, Chicago One night after the Steve Bartman incident, the Marlins advance to the World Series, where they would win in six games, and the Cubs' World Series drought continues.
2004[52] ALCS Boston Red Sox New York Yankees 10–3 Yankee Stadium, the Bronx, New York City Boston rallied from an 0–3 deficit to win the American League pennant, the only time in Major League Baseball history that this has happened in a best of seven series. Boston would go on to win the World Series for the first time since 1918.
2004[53] NLCS St. Louis Cardinals Houston Astros 5–2 Busch Stadium (II), St. Louis, Missouri The home team won all games of the series. Last time both LCS went to a game seven in the same year. Scott Rolen's two-run homer off Roger Clemens in the sixth inning puts the Cardinals in front for good. This is the last win of the season for St. Louis as the Cardinals got steamrolled by Boston in four games.
2006[54] NLCS St. Louis Cardinals New York Mets 3–1 Shea Stadium, Flushing, Queens, New York Last postseason game at Shea Stadium. Yadier Molina hits a two-run homer in the top of the ninth and Adam Wainwright strikes out Carlos Beltrán in the bottom of the ninth with the bases loaded to send the Cardinals to the World Series where they would beat Detroit in five games. Most recent game seven in either LCS to be won by the road team.
2007[55] ALCS Boston Red Sox Cleveland Indians 11–2 Fenway Park, Boston, Massachusetts Boston overcomes a 3-games-to-1 deficit to win the pennant and would win the second World Series championship in four years. Like four years ago, the result is a sweep, this time over the Colorado Rockies.
2008[56] ALCS Tampa Bay Rays Boston Red Sox 3–1 Tropicana Field, St. Petersburg, Florida Matt Garza pitches Tampa Bay to its first American League Championship. The Rays would end up losing to the Philadelphia Phillies in five games.
2012[57] NLCS San Francisco Giants St. Louis Cardinals 9–0 AT&T Park, San Francisco, California First Giants victory in a winner-take-all game seven. The Giants would go on to sweep the Detroit Tigers in the World Series.
2017[58] ALCS Houston Astros New York Yankees 4–0 Minute Maid Park, Houston, Texas The home team won all games of the series. Houston became the first franchise to win the pennant in both the National League and American League. The Astros would go on to win the World Series over the Los Angeles Dodgers in seven games, becoming the second MLB team to win two game sevens in a single postseason.
National Hockey League[edit]
Main article: List of NHL game sevens
In the NHL playoffs, game seven can occur in all playoff series.[59] In the Stanley Cup Final, the NHL gained complete control of the Cup in 1926, and the league instituted the best-of-seven series starting in the 1938–39 season. No Stanley Cup Final game seven has ever ended with a 1–0 score.
The game sevens where the Cup was awarded are:
Year
Winning team
Losing team
Score
Site
Notes
1942[60] Toronto Maple Leafs Detroit Red Wings 3–1 Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, Ontario Toronto came back down 0–3 in the series to win the Cup.
1945[61] Toronto Maple Leafs Detroit Red Wings 2–1 Olympia Stadium, Detroit Detroit was down 0–3 in the series and rallied to force game seven before losing.
1950[62] Detroit Red Wings New York Rangers 4–3 (2OT) Olympia Stadium, Detroit Longest game seven in a Stanley Cup Final.
1954[63] Detroit Red Wings Montreal Canadiens 2–1 (OT) Olympia Stadium, Detroit Most recent Stanley Cup Final game seven to be decided in overtime.
1955[64] Detroit Red Wings Montreal Canadiens 3–1 Olympia Stadium, Detroit Red Wings' last Stanley Cup victory until 1997. The home team won all games of the series.
1964[65] Toronto Maple Leafs Detroit Red Wings 4–0 Maple Leaf Gardens, Toronto, Ontario First game seven that ended in a shut out.
1965[66] Montreal Canadiens Chicago Blackhawks 4–0 Montreal Forum, Montreal The home team won all games of the series.
1971[67] Montreal Canadiens Chicago Black Hawks 3–2 Chicago Stadium, Chicago The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven. Chicago led 2–0 in the deciding game at home before allowing three unanswered goals and losing the game.
1987[68] Edmonton Oilers Philadelphia Flyers 3–1 Northlands Coliseum, Edmonton, Alberta Flyers rallied from a 3–1 series deficit to force a decisive game.
1994[69] New York Rangers Vancouver Canucks 3–2 Madison Square Garden, Manhattan, New York City Canucks represented Canada's last Stanley Cup Final appearance until 2004 Calgary Flames. Rangers first Stanley Cup since 1940. This was the last NHL game before a 100-day lockout that reduced the 1994–95 season to 48 games per team.
2001[70] Colorado Avalanche New Jersey Devils 3–1 Pepsi Center, Denver, Colorado Long-time Boston Bruins captain Ray Bourque won the Stanley Cup in the last of his 22 seasons in the NHL.
2003[71] New Jersey Devils Mighty Ducks of Anaheim 3–0 Continental Airlines Arena, East Rutherford, New Jersey The home team won all games of the series. This was Ken Daneyko's final playing season with New Jersey, as he retired after the Devils' Cup win. When Daneyko went on the ice for the last shift of Game 7, that was considered to be his last ice shift in his 20-year NHL career.
2004[72] Tampa Bay Lightning Calgary Flames 2–1 St. Pete Times Forum, Tampa, Florida Lightning captain Dave Andreychuk won his Stanley Cup after 22 seasons. This was the last NHL game before the lockout that cancelled the entire 2004–05 season.
2006[73] Carolina Hurricanes Edmonton Oilers 3–1 RBC Center, Raleigh, North Carolina First Stanley Cup Final featuring two former World Hockey Association teams. The Hurricanes became the first Stanley Cup champion to miss the playoffs the subsequent season (they also missed the playoffs the following season). Most recent game seven to be won by the home team. This was Rod Brind'Amour's first and only Stanley Cup in his 21-year playing career.
2009[74] Pittsburgh Penguins Detroit Red Wings 2–1 Joe Louis Arena, Detroit The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven. This was also the last sporting event to take place in the United States before the shutdown of analog broadcasting for full-power television stations. First time the road team won game seven of a championship round, in any major professional sport, since the 1979 World Series.
2011[75] Boston Bruins Vancouver Canucks 4–0 Rogers Arena, Vancouver The home team won all games of the series, except for game seven. Vancouver failed to be the third Canadian city to win the championship a year after hosting an Olympics. Boston became the first city to win all four major sports championships in the 21st century.
National Basketball Association[edit]
Main article: List of NBA game sevens
All playoff rounds in the NBA are now in a best-of-seven series format so all rounds can have a maximum of seven games. The NBA Finals has been consistently played in a best-of-seven series format since its inception.
The games seven where the champions were awarded are:
Year
Winning team
Losing team
Score
Site
Notes
1951[76] Rochester Royals New York Knicks 79–75 Edgerton Park Arena, Rochester, New York New York forced a game seven after trailing 0–3 in the series.
1952[77] Minneapolis Lakers New York Knicks 82–65 Minneapolis Auditorium, Minneapolis
1954[78] Minneapolis Lakers Syracuse Nationals 87–70 Minneapolis Auditorium, Minneapolis
1955[79] Syracuse Nationals Fort Wayne Pistons 92–91 Onondaga County War Memorial, Syracuse, New York The home team won every game of this series.
1957[80] Boston Celtics St. Louis Hawks 125–123 (2OT) Boston Garden, Boston Only game seven in NBA history to go into double overtime.
1960[81] Boston Celtics St. Louis Hawks 122–103 Boston Garden, Boston
1962[82] Boston Celtics Los Angeles Lakers 110-107 (OT) Boston Garden, Boston
1966[83] Boston Celtics Los Angeles Lakers 95–93 Boston Garden, Boston
1969[84] Boston Celtics Los Angeles Lakers 108–106 The Forum, Inglewood, California Final game for Celtics Bill Russell and Sam Jones
1970[85] New York Knicks Los Angeles Lakers 113–99 Madison Square Garden, Manhattan, New York City Notable for Willis Reed's return from injury.
1974[86] Boston Celtics Milwaukee Bucks 102–87 MECCA Arena, Milwaukee
1978[87] Washington Bullets Seattle SuperSonics 105–99 Kingdome, Seattle Last NBA Finals game seven won by the road team until 2016.
1984[88] Boston Celtics Los Angeles Lakers 111–102 Boston Garden, Boston
1988[89] Los Angeles Lakers Detroit Pistons 108–105 The Forum, Inglewood, California
1994[90] Houston Rockets New York Knicks 90–84 The Summit, Houston
2005[91] San Antonio Spurs Detroit Pistons 81–74 SBC Center, San Antonio
2010[92] Los Angeles Lakers Boston Celtics 83–79 Staples Center, Los Angeles Fifth time that Boston and L.A. met in a game seven. Kobe Bryant won his second consecutive Finals MVP award, scoring 10 of his game high 23 points in the fourth quarter, as well as grabbing 15 rebounds to clinch the victory for L.A.
2013[93] Miami Heat San Antonio Spurs 95–88 American Airlines Arena, Miami Last time the NBA finals was a 2–3–2 format.
2016[94] Cleveland Cavaliers Golden State Warriors 93–89 Oracle Arena, Oakland, California First time road team to win game seven of the NBA Finals since 1978. Cavaliers became the first team to win the NBA Finals after trailing 3–1 in the series. The Cavaliers also became the first team in the five major men's professional sports leagues to come back from 3–1 down in a championship round since the 1985 Kansas City Royals. This was the first major professional sports championship in Cleveland since 1964.
Chinese Professional Baseball League[edit]
Taiwan Series that were decided on a game seven:[95]
Year
Winning team
Losing team
Score
Site
Notes
1991 Uni-President Lions Wei Chuan Dragons 13–5 Taipei City
1998 Wei Chuan Dragons Sinon Bulls 5–2 Taichung City Capacity audience.
2000 Uni-President Lions Sinon Bulls 4–1 Taichung City Capacity audience. Lo Min-ching homered the fifth time and then the sixth in the series.
2001 Brother Elephants Uni-President Lions 7–5 Tainan City Capacity audience. Yofu Tetsu saved the Elephants.
2004 Sinon Bulls Uni-President Lions 8–6 Tainan City Capacity audience. Chang Chia-hao hit the winning triple in the ninth inning.
2007 Uni-President Lions La New Bears 4–2 Kaohsiung County Capacity audience. Nelson Figueroa became the first player taking three starting wins in CPBL playoff history.
2008 Uni-President 7-Eleven Lions Brother Elephants 4–0 Tainan City Capacity audience. Luther Hackman closed the game.
2009 Uni-President 7-Eleven Lions Brother Elephants 5–2 Tainan City Capacity audience. Lions wins three streak champions.
Comebacks[edit]
In only eight instances has a team been able to come back from being down 0–3 to win a series:
The Toronto Maple Leafs vs. the Detroit Red Wings in the 1942 Stanley Cup Finals
The New York Islanders vs. the Pittsburgh Penguins in the 1975 Stanley Cup Quarterfinals
The Boston Red Sox vs. the New York Yankees in the 2004 American League Championship Series
The Philadelphia Flyers vs. the Boston Bruins in the 2010 Stanley Cup Eastern Conference Semifinals
KalPa vs. the Espoo Blues in the 2012 Liiga playoffs
The Los Angeles Kings vs. the San Jose Sharks in the 2014 Stanley Cup Western Conference Quarterfinals
SKA St. Petersburg vs. CSKA Moscow in the 2015 Gagarin Cup Western Conference Finals
San Miguel Beermen vs. Alaska Aces in the 2015–16 PBA Philippine Cup Finals
Mike Richards and Jeff Carter are the only players to have been a part of two comebacks from being down 0-3, having played for both the 2010 Philadelphia Flyers and the 2014 Los Angeles Kings.
Additionally, the following nine teams were able to force a seventh game in a series after being down 0–3, subsequently losing it:
The New York Rangers vs. the Boston Bruins in the 1939 Stanley Cup Semifinals
The Detroit Red Wings vs. the Toronto Maple Leafs in the 1945 Stanley Cup Finals
The New York Knicks vs. the Rochester Royals in the 1951 NBA Finals
The New York Islanders vs. the Philadelphia Flyers in the 1975 Stanley Cup Semifinals
The Denver Nuggets vs. the Utah Jazz in the 1994 NBA Western Conference Semifinals
The Portland Trail Blazers vs. the Dallas Mavericks in the 2003 NBA Western Conference First Round
The Chicago Blackhawks vs. the Vancouver Canucks in the 2011 Stanley Cup Western Conference Quarterfinals
The Detroit Red Wings vs. the San Jose Sharks in the 2011 Stanley Cup Western Conference Semifinals
The Toledo Walleye vs. the South Carolina Stingrays in the 2015 Kelly Cup Eastern Conference Finals
The Islanders are the only team to have forced two game sevens after falling behind 0-3 in a series in the same postseason.
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Jump up ^ "October 14, 1987 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Giants at Cardinals". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 12, 1988 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Mets at Dodgers". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 17, 1991 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Braves at Pirates". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 14, 1992 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Pirates at Braves". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 17, 1996 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Pirates at Braves". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 16, 2003 American League Championship Series (ALCS) Game 7, Red Sox at Yankees". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 15, 2003 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Marlins at Cubs". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 20, 2004 American League Championship Series (ALCS) Game 7, Red Sox at Yankees". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 21, 2004 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Astros at Cardinals". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 19, 2006 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Cardinals at Mets". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 21, 2007 American League Championship Series (ALCS) Game 7, Indians at Red Sox". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 19, 2008 American League Championship Series (ALCS) Game 7, Red Sox at Rays". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved June 4, 2012.
Jump up ^ "October 22, 2012 National League Championship Series (NLCS) Game 7, Cardinals at Giants". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 17, 2013.
Jump up ^ "October 21, 2017 American league Championship Series (ALCS) Game 7, Yankees at Astros". Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved October 22, 2017.
Jump up ^ Kreiser, John (June 14, 2011). "Game 7 of Final: The ultimate all-or-nothing contest". NHL.com. National Hockey League. Retrieved June 14, 2011.
Jump up ^ "1942 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1945 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1950 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1954 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1955 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1964 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1965 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1971 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1987 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "1994 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "2001 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "2003 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "2004 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "2006 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "2009 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "2011 NHL Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
Jump up ^ "Royals Reign, Despite Knicks' Unlikely Comeback". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Lakers Reclaim the NBA Crown". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Minneapolis Makes One Last Title Run". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Nats Win First Title of Shot-Clock Era". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Celtics Officially Launch Their Dynasty". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Hawks Force Game 7, But Celtics Repeat". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Celtics, Lakers Work OT to Start Rivalry". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Red Lights Cigar to Close Coaching Career". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "West's Heroics Can't Deprive Russell of 11th Title". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Gutsy Reed Rallies Knicks in Game 7". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Celtics Win First Title of Post-Russell Era". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "'Fat Lady' Sings Victorious Tune for Bullets". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Celtics Win First Bird-Magic Finals Showdown". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Lakers Capture the Elusive Repeat". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "Houston's Championship: Dream Come True". NBA.com. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "2005 NBA Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "2010 NBA Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2012-05-25.
Jump up ^ "2013 NBA Playoffs Summary". Sports Reference LLC. Retrieved 2013-06-21.
Jump up ^ McCauley, Janie (June 19, 2016). "James and Cavaliers win thrilling NBA Finals Game 7, 93–89". National Basketball Association. Retrieved June 20, 2016.
Jump up ^ "Championships by Season". Chinese Professional Baseball League. Archived from the original on 2012-07-22. Retrieved 2012-05-26.
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Birth certificate
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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The examples and perspective in this article may not represent a worldwide view of the subject. You may improve this article, discuss the issue on the talk page, or create a new article, as appropriate. (February 2017) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
Mary Elizabeth Winblad (1895-1987) birth certificate
A birth certificate is a vital record that documents the birth of a child. The term "birth certificate" can refer to either the original document certifying the circumstances of the birth or to a certified copy of or representation of the ensuing registration of that birth. Depending on the jurisdiction, a record of birth might or might not contain verification of the event by such as a midwife or doctor.
Contents
[hide]
1 History and contemporary times
2 Australia
3 Canada
3.1 Types of certified copies issued
4 England and Wales
4.1 Pre-1837 birth and baptism records
4.2 Types of certified copies issued in England and Wales
5 India
6 Russia
6.1 Filling
6.2 The procedure for obtaining
7 United States
7.1 Types of certified copies issued
7.1.1 Acceptance of short forms
7.1.2 Other forms
7.1.3 Birth certificates in cases of adoptions
8 China
9 See also
10 References
History and contemporary times[edit]
A Soviet birth certificate from 1972.
The documentation of births is a practice widely held throughout human civilization, especially in China, Egypt, Greece, Rome, and Persia. The original purpose of vital statistics was for tax purposes and for the determination of available military manpower. Births were initially registered with churches, who maintained registers of births. This practice continued into the 19th century.[1] The compulsory registration of births with governmental agencies is a practice that originated in the United Kingdom in 1853.[2] The United States did not get a standardized system until 1902.[3]
Most countries have statutes and laws that regulate the registration of births. In all countries, it is the responsibility of the mother's physician, midwife, hospital administrator, or the parents of the child to see that the birth is properly registered with the appropriate government agency.
The actual record of birth is stored with a government agency. That agency will issue certified copies or representations of the original birth record upon request, which can be used to apply for government benefits, such as passports. The certification is signed and/or sealed by the registrar or other custodian of birth records, who is commissioned by the government.
The right of every child to a name and nationality, and the responsibility of national governments to achieve this are contained in Articles 7 and 8 in the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child: "The child shall be registered immediately after birth and shall have the right from birth to a name, the right to acquire a nationality..." (CRC Article 7) and "States Parties undertake to respect the right of the child to preserve his or her identity, including nationality, name and family relations..." (CRC Article 8).[4]
...it's a small paper but it actually establishes who you are and gives access to the rights and the privileges, and the obligations, of citizenship.
—  Archbishop Desmond Tutu, February 2005[5]
Despite 191 countries ratifying the Convention, the births of millions of children worldwide go unregistered. By their very nature, data concerning unregistered children are approximate; however, it was estimated in 2008 that 51 million babies – more than two fifths of those born worldwide – were not registered at birth.[6] This phenomenon disproportionately impacts indigenous populations and even in many developed countries, contributes to difficulties in fully accessing civic rights.[7]
Birth registration opens the door to rights to children and adults which many other human beings take for granted: to prove their age; to prove their nationality; to receive healthcare; to go to school; to take exams; to be adopted; to protection from under-age military service or conscription; to marry; to open a bank account; to hold a driving licence; to obtain a passport; to inherit money or property; and to vote or stand for elected office.[8]
There are many reasons why births go unregistered, including social and cultural beliefs and attitudes; alternative documents and naming ceremonies; remote areas, poor infrastructure; economic barriers; lack of office staff, equipment and training; legal and political restrictions; fear of discrimination and persecution; war, conflict and unrest or simply the fact that there is no system in place.[8][9][10][11][12][13]
Retrospective registration may be necessary where there is a backlog of children whose births have gone unregistered. In Senegal, the government is facilitating retrospective registration through free local court hearings and the number of unregistered children has fallen considerably as a result. In Sierra Leone, the government gave the National Office of Births and Deaths special permission to issue birth certificates to children over seven. In Bolivia, there was a successful three-year amnesty for the free registration of young people aged between 12 and 18.[14]
Statelessness, or the lack of effective nationality, impacts the daily lives of some 11-12 million people around the world. Perhaps those who suffer most are stateless infants, children, and youth. Though born and raised in their parents’ country of habitual residence, they lack formal recognition of their existence.[15]
Australia[edit]
States and territories of Australia are responsible for the issuance of birth certificates, through agencies generally titled "Registry of Births Deaths and Marriages" or similar.[16]
Initially registering a birth is done by a hospital through a "Birth Registration Statement" or similar, signed by appropriately licensed and authorised health professionals, and provided to the state or territory registry. Home births are permitted, but a statement is required from a registered midwife, doctor or 2 other witnesses other than the parents. Unplanned births require in some states that the baby be taken to a hospital within 24 hours.[17] Once registered, a separate application (sometimes it can be done along with the Birth Registration Statement) can be made for a birth certificate, generally at a cost. The person named or a parent can apply for a certificate at any time.[18] Generally, there is no restriction on re-applying for a certificate at a later date, so it could be possible to legally hold multiple original copies.
The Federal government requires that births be also registered through a "Proof of Birth Declaration" similarly signed as above by a doctor or midwife. This ensures the appropriate benefits can be paid, and the child is enrolled for Medicare.[19]
The state or territory issued birth certificate is a secure A4 paper document, generally listing: Full name at birth, sex at birth, parents and occupation, older siblings, addresses, date and place of birth, name of the registrar, date of registration, date of issue of certificate, a registration number, with the signature of the registrar and seal of the registry printed and or embossed. Most states allow for still births to be issued a birth certificate. Some states issue early pregnancy loss certificates (without legal significance if before 20 weeks).[20] Depending on the state, amendments are allowed to correct the certificate, add parents, recognising same sex relationships,[21] changing the sex of the holder is also permitted in some states.[22]
The full birth certificate in Australia is an officially recognised identity document generally in the highest category.[23] The birth certificate assists in establishing citizenship. Shorter and/or commemorative birth certificates are available, however are not generally acceptable for identification purposes.[24]
Birth certificates in Australia can be verified online by approved agencies through the Attorney-General's Department Document Verification Service[25] and can be used to validate identity digitally, e.g. online.
[show]
v
t
e
Australian Identity Documents
Federal Government
Passport
Citizenship certificate
Certificate of Identity
Document of Identity
Convention Travel Document
Medicare card
State and Territory Governments
Birth certificate
AusPost Keypass ID
Seniors card
Photo card
Drivers licence
Marriage certificate
Change of name certificate
International
Passport
Indigenous (not recognized)
Aboriginal passport
Non physical/digital
Digital identity in Australia
Tax File Number
Canada[edit]
In Canada, the issuance of birth certificates is a function of the provinces or territories.[26]
Agencies or various ministers are in charge of issuing birth certificates:[27]
Alberta - Department of Vital Statistics (Service Alberta)
British Columbia - Vital Statistics Agency (Ministry of Health)
Manitoba - Vital Statistics Agency (Ministry of Healthy Living, Seniors and Consumer Affairs/Consumer and Corporate Affairs)
New Brunswick - Vital Statistics (Service New Brunswick)
Newfoundland and Labrador - Vital Statistics Government Services (Service NL)
Northwest Territories - Vital Statistics (Department of Health and Social Services - Health Services Administration Division)
Nova Scotia - Registrar General Division of Vital Statistics (Service Nova Scotia and Municipal Relations)
Nunavut - Registrar General of Vital Statistics (Nunavut Health and Social Services)
Ontario - Office of Registrar General-Service Ontario (Ministry of Government Services)
Prince Edward Island - Vital Statistics (Health and Social Services)
Quebec - Director of Civil State (Minister of Justice)
Saskatchewan - Vital Statistics-Information Service Corporation (Department of Health)
Yukon - Vital Statistics (Ministry of Health and Social Services - Health Services)
Types of certified copies issued[edit]
There are three types of birth certificates issued:
Copy of an act - Contains all information available on the birth of a person.
Long form - legal size or two page form with details of the person, their parents', place of birth, certification by the parents, signature and stamp of the issuing agency or department. Recent forms are in English and French.
Short form or card - provides name, birth date, place of birth, date of registration, date of issue, registration number, certificate number, and signature of registrar general
[show]
v
t
e
Canadian Identity Documents
Federal Government
Passport
Citizenship certificate
Social Insurance Card
Permanent resident Card
Certificate of Indian Status
Refugee travel document
Canadian Certificate of Identity
Firearms Possession and Acquisition Licence
Old Age Security Identification Card
Seafarer’s Identity Document
Parolee Identification Card
Armed Forces Identification Card
Provincial and Territorial
Birth certificate
Driver's licence
Health card
Provincial Photo ID Card
Provincial Liquor Card
International
Nexus Card
British emergency passport
International Driving Permit
England and Wales[edit]
Specimen England and Wales Long Birth Certificate
In England and Wales, the description "birth certificate" is used to describe a certified copy of an entry in the birth register.[28]
Civil registration of births, marriages and deaths in England and Wales started on 1 July 1837.[29] Registration was not compulsory until 1875, following the Registration of Births and Deaths Act 1874, which made registration of a birth the responsibility of those present at the birth.[30]
When a birth is registered, the details are entered into the register book at the local register office for the district in which the birth took place and is retained permanently in the local register office. A copy of each entry in the birth register is sent to the General Register Office (GRO).[31]
Pre-1837 birth and baptism records[edit]
Before the government's registration system was created, evidence of births and/or baptisms (and also marriages and death or burials) was dependent on the events being recorded in the records of the Church of England or in those of other various churches – not all of which maintained such records or all types of those records. Copies of such records are not issued by the General Register Office; but can be obtained from these churches, or from the local or national archive, which usually now keeps the records in original or copy form.
Types of certified copies issued in England and Wales[edit]
There are two types of birth certificates:
A full certificate, titled 'CERTIFIED COPY OF AN ENTRY' is a copy of the original entry in the birth register, giving all the recorded details.[32] Information includes; name, sex, date and place of birth of the child, father's name, place of birth and occupation, mother's name, place of birth, maiden name and occupation. Certificates for births before 1911 do not show the mothers maiden name, before 1969 do not show the details of the parents' place of birth and registration and before 1984 do not show mothers occupation.[33]
The short certificate, titled 'CERTIFICATE OF BIRTH', shows the child’s full name, sex, date and place of birth. It does not give any particulars of the parents; therefore it is not proof of parentage. A short birth certificate is issued, free of charge, at the time of registration.[32]
Both versions of certificate can be used in the verification of identity by acting as a support to other information or documentation provided. Where proof of parentage is required only a full certificate will be accepted.[34]
The original registrations are required by law[35] to be issued in the form of certified copies to any person who identifies an index entry and pays the prescribed fee. They can be ordered by registered users from the General Register Office Certificate Ordering Service or by postal or telephone ordering from the General Register Office or by post or in person from local registrars. If the birth was registered within the past 50 years detailed information is required before a certificate will be issued.[36]
India[edit]
Traditionally Births were poorly recorded in India.[37]
For official purposes, other proofs are accepted in India in lieu of the Birth certificate, such as Matriculation certificates.[38] Facilities are available to produce a Birth certificate from a passport.[39]
By law since 1969, Registration of Births is compulsory as per provisions of Registration of Births & Deaths Act.[40] Birth certificates are issued by the Government of India or the municipality concerned. Specific rules vary by state, region and municipality.
In Delhi, for example, births must be registered within 21 days by the hospital or institution, or by a family member if the birth has taken place at home. After registration, a birth certificate can be obtained by applying to the relevant authority. Certificates can also be issued under special provisions to adopted children, and undocumented orphans. Overseas births can also be registered.[40]
Some municipalities, such as Greater Chennai Corporation allow for fully digital Birth certificates to be applied for printed, and verified online.[41]
Russia[edit]
A Russian birth certificate issued on April 2011
Earlier testimony was a small book format-bound, now it's just a page format B5, provided with water marks. The certificate has a series and number.
Blank insert is made in Russian. In the case of being issued in one of the country's republics, its national language form liner can be made in Russian and in the official language of the republic on the model, approved by the Ministry of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation.
Filling[edit]
A birth certificate can be filled with a handwritten way and with the use of technical equipment (typewriters, computers). When filling in the form is carried handwritten way, all records are made legibly in ink or paste blue or black. If you are using a computer or typewriter dye must be black. The quality of paste, ink, dye, used in completing the documents should ensure the preservation of text documents for a set retention period. When filling out the birth certificate is not allowed to have it in patches, blots and erasures, cuts.
Birth certificate is signed by the head of the registrar or other public authority issuing the certificate (e.g., the consulate). Signature of the registrar should have a transcript (initials and surname) and sealed with the official seal.
Currently, information about the nationality of the parents is mentioned in the certificate on request. By default, this column is empty
When making a citizenship, a special insert is issued to the birth certificate. In testimony Stamp.
February 6, 2007 ear of citizenship were canceled, on the reverse side of the Certificate began to put a stamp on the child's citizenship. This rule applies to newborns or those who change or restores documents.
Old shells are valid for achieving a child 14 years old and to change them is not necessary.
The procedure for obtaining[edit]
The birth certificate of the child's parents can get (not deprived of parental rights), itself a child of full age, guardian or caregiver. Issuance of the document is made in the offices of the registrar, ZAGS (Russian: ЗАГС).
With the loss of the certificate, a new document is issued by the registry office (ZAGS) in the place of the original receipt on the basis of a written application.
United States[edit]
See also: United States nationality law, Citizenship in the United States, and Birthright citizenship in the United States
In the U.S., the issuance of birth certificates is a function of the Vital Records Office of the states, capital district, territories[42] and former territories.[43] Birth in the U.S. establishes automatic eligibility for American citizenship, so a birth certificate from a local authority is commonly provided to the federal government to obtain a U.S. passport.[44][45] However, the U.S. State Department does issue a Consular Report of Birth Abroad for children born to U.S. citizens (who are also eligible for citizenship), including births on military bases in foreign territory.[46]
The federal and state governments have traditionally cooperated to some extent to improve vital statistics. From 1900 to 1946 the U.S. Census Bureau designed standard birth certificates, collected vital statistics on a national basis, and generally sought to improve the accuracy of vital statistics. In 1946 that responsibility was passed to the U.S. Public Health Service. Unlike the British system of recording all births in "registers", the states file an individual document for each and every birth.[47]
The U.S. National Center for Health Statistics creates standard forms that are recommended for use by the individual states to document births. However, states are free to create their own forms.[48] As a result, neither the appearance nor the information content of birth certificate forms is uniform across states. These forms are completed by the attendant at birth or a hospital administrator, which are then forwarded to a local or state registrar, who stores the record and issues certified copies upon request.[1]
Types of certified copies issued[edit]
According to the Department of Health and Human Services, Office of Inspector General, as of 2000 there were more than 6,000 entities issuing birth certificates. The Inspector General report states that according to staff at the Immigration and Naturalization Service’s Forensics Document Laboratory the number of legitimate birth certificate versions in use exceeded 14,000.[49]
Acceptance of short forms[edit]
In the case of applying for a U.S. passport, not all legitimate government-issued birth certificates are acceptable:
A certified birth certificate has a registrar's raised, embossed, impressed or multicolored seal, registrar's signature, and the date the certificate was filed with the registrar's office, which must be within 1 year of your birth. Please note, some short (abstract) versions of birth certificates may not be acceptable for passport purposes.
Beginning April 1, 2011, all birth certificates must also include the full names of the applicant's parent(s).[50]
The U.S. State Department has paid close attention to abstract certificates from both Texas and California. There have been reports of a high instance of midwife registration fraud along the border region between Texas and Mexico,[51][52] and the Texas abstract certificate form does not list the name or occupation of the attendant. The California Abstract of Birth did not include an embossed seal, was no longer considered a secure document, and have not been issued in California since 2001.[53]
Other forms[edit]
Most hospitals in the U.S. issue a souvenir birth certificate which may include the footprints of the newborn. However, these birth certificates are not legally accepted as proof of age or citizenship, and are frequently rejected by the Bureau of Consular Affairs during passport applications. Many Americans believe[citation needed] the souvenir records to be their official birth certificates, when in reality they hold little legal value.[54]
Birth certificates in cases of adoptions[edit]
In the United States, when an adoption is finalized, the government seals the original birth certificate and will issue a replacement birth certificate substituting the individual's birth name with the name selected by the adoptive parents, and replacing the birth parents' names with the adoptive parents. In those cases, adopted individuals are not granted access to their own original birth certificates upon request. Laws vary depending on the state where the birth was originally registered and the adoption was finalized. Some states allow adopted people unrestricted access to their own original birth certificates, while in others the certificate is available only if the biological parents have given their permission or a petition has been granted by the court of jurisdiction. Other jurisdictions do not allow adopted people access to their own original birth certificates under any circumstances.[citation needed]
China[edit]
The People's Republic of China issued its first birth certificate on January 1, 1996. Birth certificate used currently is the fifth edition, which was adopted since January 1, 2014.[55]
See also[edit]
Birth registration in Ancient Rome
Birth registration campaign in Liberia
Closed adoption
Death certificate
Identity card
Marriage license
Passport
Vital record
References[edit]
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