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Fifty Shades (novel series)
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For the film series, see Fifty Shades (film series).
Fifty Shades
Trilogy pack set
Fifty Shades of Grey
Fifty Shades Darker
Fifty Shades Freed
Grey
Author
E. L. James
Country
United Kingdom
Language
English
Genre
Erotic romance
Publisher
Vintage Books
Published
2011–2015
Media type
Print (Paperback)
Fifty Shades is a series of erotic novels by E. L. James.[1] Initially a trilogy consisting of Fifty Shades of Grey (2011), Fifty Shades Darker, and Fifty Shades Freed (2012),[2][3] the series traces the deepening relationship between a college graduate, Anastasia Steele, and a young business magnate, Christian Grey.
Grey introduces Ana to the world of BDSM.[4] James has spoken of her shock at the success of the book, "The explosion of interest has taken me completely by surprise" she said.[5] James has described the Fifty Shades trilogy as "my midlife crisis, writ large. All my fantasies in there, and that's it."[6] She did not start to write until January 2009, as she revealed while still active on FanFiction.Net: "I started writing in January 2009 after I finished the Twilight saga, and I haven't stopped since. I discovered Fan Fiction in August 2009. Since then I have written my two fics and plan on doing at least one more. After that... who knows?"[7] In August 2013, sales of the trilogy saw James top the Forbes' list of the highest-earning authors[8] with earnings of $95m which included $5m for the film rights to Fifty Shades of Grey.[9] However, the books have also been largely panned by critics,[10] with the first entry in particular "being ridiculed by virtually every critic who has read it."[11]
Since 2015 the series has been expanded with a parallel set of novels "as told by Christian": Grey follows the events of Fifty Shades of Grey but from the perspective of Christian Grey, while Darker (2017) does the same for the plot of Fifty Shades Darker.
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot overview
2 Main characters
3 Critical reception
3.1 Depiction of BDSM
3.2 Censorship or removal of books
4 Film adaptations
5 See also
6 Further reading
7 References
8 External links
Plot overview[edit]
Original trilogy
Fifty Shades of Grey (2011)
Fifty Shades Darker (2012)
Fifty Shades Freed (2012)
Retold by Christian series
Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian (2015)
Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian (2017)
Main characters[edit]
Christian Grey: 27-year-old incredibly successful, wealthy entrepreneur and CEO of Grey Enterprises Holdings, Inc.
Anastasia "Ana" Steele: College graduate, PA to Jack Hyde and primary love interest and wife of Christian Grey.
Elena Lincoln: Christian's longtime friend and business partner. She is described as a tall, elegant, sexy, regal platinum blonde and appears to be in her late 30s or early 40s.
Elliot Grey: Adopted son of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan-Grey, and elder brother to Christian Grey and Mia Grey.
Mia Grey: Adopted daughter of Carrick Grey and Dr. Grace Trevelyan Grey and younger sister of Christian Grey and Elliot Grey.
Katherine 'Kate' Kavanagh: Ana's best friend and roommate.
Jack Hyde: Commissioning Editor at Seattle Independent Publishing (SIP).
Leila Williams: A former submissive of Christian.
Jason Taylor: Christian's most trusted bodyguard and the head of Christian's security team.
Dr. Grace Trevelyan-Grey: Christian's adoptive mother.
Carrick Grey: Christian's adoptive father.
Carla May Wilks: Ana's mother.
Ethan Kavanagh: Kate Kavanagh's older brother.
Critical reception[edit]
Salman Rushdie said about the book: "I've never read anything so badly written that got published. It made Twilight look like War and Peace."[12] Maureen Dowd described the book in The New York Times as being written "like a Brontë devoid of talent," and said it was "dull and poorly written."[13] Jesse Kornbluth of The Huffington Post said: "As a reading experience, Fifty Shades...is a sad joke, puny of plot".[14]
Princeton professor April Alliston wrote, "Though no literary masterpiece, Fifty Shades is more than parasitic fan fiction based on the recent Twilight vampire series."[15] Entertainment Weekly writer Lisa Schwarzbaum gave the book a "B+" rating and praised it for being "in a class by itself."[16] British author Jenny Colgan in The Guardian wrote "It is jolly, eminently readable and as sweet and safe as BDSM (bondage, discipline, sadism and masochism) erotica can be without contravening the trade descriptions act" and also praised the book for being "more enjoyable" than other "literary erotic books".[17] However, The Telegraph criticized the book as "treacly cliché" but also wrote that the sexual politics in Fifty Shades of Grey will have female readers "discussing it for years to come."[18] A reviewer for the Ledger-Enquirer described the book as guilty fun and escapism, but that it "also touches on one aspect of female existence [female submission]. And acknowledging that fact – maybe even appreciating it – shouldn't be a cause for guilt."[19] The New Zealand Herald stated that the book "will win no prizes for its prose" and that "there are some exceedingly awful descriptions," but it was also an easy read; "(If you only) can suspend your disbelief and your desire to – if you'll pardon the expression – slap the heroine for having so little self respect, you might enjoy it."[20]
The Columbus Dispatch stated that, "Despite the clunky prose, James does cause one to turn the page."[21] Metro News Canada wrote that "suffering through 500 pages of this heroine's inner dialogue was torturous, and not in the intended, sexy kind of way".[22] Jessica Reaves, of the Chicago Tribune, wrote that the "book's source material isn't great literature", noting that the novel is "sprinkled liberally and repeatedly with asinine phrases", and described it as "depressing".[23] The book garnered some accolades. In December 2012, it won both "Popular Fiction" and "Book of the Year" categories in the UK National Book Awards.[24][25] In that same month, Publishers Weekly named E. L. James the 'Publishing Person of the Year', causing an "outcry from the literary world". For example, "What was Publishers Weekly thinking?" asked Los Angeles Times writer Carolyn Kellogg, while a New York Daily News headline read, "Civilization ends: E.L. James named Publishers Weekly's ‘Person of the Year’."[26]
Depiction of BDSM[edit]
Fifty Shades trilogy has also attracted criticism due to its depictions of BDSM, with Katie Roiphe of Newsweek asking "But why, for women especially, would free will be a burden? ... It may be that power is not always that comfortable, even for those of us who grew up in it; it may be that equality is something we want only sometimes and in some places and in some arenas; it may be that power and all of its imperatives can be boring."[27] Zap2it's Andrea Reiher expressed frustration at Roiphe's depiction of the series, stating that "[b]eing submissive sexually is not tantamount to being the victim of abuse" or that they're "giving up their power or their equality with their partner".[28] Other sites such as Jezebel have responded to the article, with Jezebel listing reasons for Fifty Shades of Grey's popularity, stating that "the vast majority of fans fawn over the emotional relationship Anastasia and Christian have, not about the sex."[29]
In an interview with Salon, several dominatrices have responded that while submission can be an escape from daily stresses, they also frequently have male clients and that trust is a big factor in dominant/submissive relationships.[30] One interviewed former dominatrix and author, Melissa Febos, stated that even if the book's popularity was a result of women's "current anxieties about equality" that it "doesn't mean that it's 'evidence of unhappiness, or an invalidation of feminism,' ...it might actually be a sign of progress that millions of women are so hungrily pursuing sexual fantasies independent of men."[31] Writing in The Huffington Post, critic Soraya Chemaly argued that interest in the series was not a trend, but squarely within the tradition and success of the romance category which is driven by tales of virgins, damaged men and submission/dominance themes. Instead, she wrote, the books are notable not for transgressive sex but for how women are using technology to subvert gendered shame by exploring explicit sexual content privately using e-readers. Instead of submission fantasies representing a post-feminist discomfort with power and free will, women's open consumption, sharing and discussion of sexual content is a feminist success.[32] At the beginning of the media hype, Dr. Drew and sexologist Logan Levkoff discussed the book on The Today Show,[33] about whether Fifty Shades perpetuated violence against women; Levkoff said that while that is an important subject, this trilogy had nothing to do with it – this was a book about a consensual relationship. Dr. Drew commented that the book was "horribly written" in addition to being "disturbing" but stated that "if the book enhances women's real-life sex lives and intimacy, so be it."[34] Amy Bonomi, a Human Development and Family Studies professor argues that the relationship portrayed is non-consensual: "Unable to bear the thought of being alone, Christian employs strategies to "trap" Anastasia, including keeping his violent tendencies private, limiting Anastasia’s availability of help and support from her friends and family through his nondisclosure agreement and through verbal and nonverbal intimidation, and attempts to convince Anastasia that she finds his punishments pleasurable" [35]
Censorship or removal of books[edit]
In March 2012, branches of the public library in Brevard County, Florida, removed copies of Fifty Shades of Grey from their shelves, with an official stating that it did not meet the selection criteria for the library and that reviews for the book had been poor. A representative for the library stated that it was due to the book's sexual content and that other libraries had declined to purchase copies for their branches.[36] Deborah Caldwell-Stone of the American Library Association commented that "If the only reason you don't select a book is that you disapprove of its content, but there is demand for it, there's a question of whether you're being fair. In a public library there is usually very little that would prevent a book from being on the shelf if there is a demand for the information."[36] Brevard County public libraries later made their copies available to their patrons due to public demand.[37]
In Macaé, Brazil, Judge Raphael Queiroz Campos ruled in January 2013 that bookstores throughout the city must either remove the series entirely from their shelves or ensure that the books are wrapped and placed out of the reach of minors.[38] The judge stated that he was prompted to make such an order after seeing children reading them,[39] basing his decision on a law stating that "magazines and publications whose content is improper or inadequate for children and adolescents can only be sold if sealed and with warnings regarding their content".[40]
Film adaptations[edit]
Main articles: Fifty Shades (film series), Fifty Shades of Grey (film), Fifty Shades Darker (film), and Fifty Shades Freed (film)
A film adaptation of the book was produced by Focus Features,[41] Michael De Luca Productions, and Trigger Street Productions,[42] with Universal Pictures and Focus Features securing the rights to the trilogy in March 2012.[43] Universal is also the film's distributor. Charlie Hunnam was originally cast in the role of Christian Grey alongside Dakota Johnson in the role of Anastasia Steele,[44][45] but Hunnam gave up the part in October 2013,[46] with Jamie Dornan announced for the role on 23 October.[47] The film was released on 13 February 2015, and became an immediate success, making it to #1 at the box office with $558.5 million. However, critical reactions were generally negative.[48] After the first film premiered at a special fan screening in New York City on 6 February 2015, director Sam Taylor-Johnson confirmed two sequels to be succeeded after the first film, with Fifty Shades Darker to be released February 10, 2017.[49]
See also[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Fifty Shades (franchise).
BDSM in culture and media
Sadism and masochism in fiction
Further reading[edit]
Upstone, Sara (2016). "Beyond the bedroom: motherhood in E. L. James's Fifty Shades of Grey Trilogy". Frontiers: A Journal of Women Studies. University of Nebraska Press. 37 (2): 138–164. JSTOR 10.5250/fronjwomestud.37.2.0138.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ Bentley, Paul (17 June 2012). "'Mummy porn' Fifty Shades Of Grey outstrips Harry Potter to become fastest selling paperback of all time". Daily Mail. London.
Jump up ^ Julie Bosman (21 May 2012). "Libraries Debate Stocking 'Fifty Shades of Grey' Trilogy". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ "The Shy British Mum Behind 50 Shades of Grey". Time Magazine. 29 March 2012.
Jump up ^ Ryan James Girdusky (February 13, 2015). "'Fifty Shades' is not going to ruin your daughters". Fox News. Retrieved February 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey author E L James – Exclusive interview" (16 July 2012) Shropshire Star. Retrieved 16 July 2012
Jump up ^ 'Fifty Shades' author 'stunned' at success of erotic trilogy Archived 2012-04-20 at the Wayback Machine. TODAY MSNBC
Jump up ^ The Lost History of Fifty Shades of Grey
Jump up ^ "E.L. James Seals A Spot On List of Britain's Richest Authors". Lia. Retrieved 23 June 2014.
Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades makes EL James top-earning author". BBC News. 13 August 2013. Retrieved 15 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Hill, Libby (September 13, 2016). "First 'Fifty Shades Darker' trailer filled with lots of plot, little kissing". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved February 10, 2017. "The books were critically savaged hot messes that sold over 100 million copies for the sex."
Jump up ^ Lyall, Sarah (February 11, 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey,' the Movie, as a Fairy Tale". The New York Times. Retrieved February 10, 2017.
Jump up ^ Irvine, Chris (9 October 2012). "Sir Salman Rushdie: 'Fifty Shades of Grey makes Twilight look like War and Peace'". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Dowd, Maureen (31 March 2012). "She's Fit to Be Tied". The New York Times. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ Kornbluth, Jesse (12 March 2012). "'Fifty Shades Of Grey': Is The Hottest-Selling Book In America Really Just 'S&M For Dummies?'". The Huffington Post. Retrieved 30 April 2013.
Jump up ^ "'Mommy porn' novel has retro message". CNN. 29 March 2012.
Jump up ^ Schwarzbaum, Lisa (21 March 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Colgan, Jenny (13 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 24 June 2012.
Jump up ^ Barnett, Laura (13 April 2012). "Mommy porn?: Fifty Shades of Grey by EL James: review". The Daily Telegraph. London.
Jump up ^ Sorich, Sonya (11 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey: The undressed review". Ledger-Enquirer.
Jump up ^ Sheehy, Christine (13 April 2012). "The 'mommy porn' seducing women". The New Zealand Herald.
Jump up ^ Osterheldt, Jenee (26 March 2012). "Book Review – Fifty Shades of Grey: Sultry subject spells success". The Columbus Dispatch.
Jump up ^ Napier, Jessica (16 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey as dull as a razor blade commercial". Metro News Canada.
Jump up ^ Reaves, Jessica (14 April 2012). "Fifty shades of retrograde". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved 25 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Flood, Alison (5 December 2012). "EL James comes out on top at National Book awards". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Flood, Alison (26 December 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey voted the most popular book of 2012". The Guardian. London. Retrieved 26 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Driscoll, Molly (3 December 2012). "E L James as 'Publishing Person of the Year' draws outcry from literary world". The Christian Science Monitor. Retrieved 5 December 2012.
Jump up ^ Roiphe, Katie (15 April 2012). "Spanking Goes Mainstream". The Daily Beast. Newsweek.
Jump up ^ Reiher, Andrea (16 April 2012). "Katie Roiphe's Fifty Shades of Grey diatribe misses several points". Zap2it.
Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey's Success Has Nothing to Do with Repressed Feminist Fantasies". Jezebel. 16 April 2012.
Jump up ^ Tomazos, Kostas; O'Gorman, Kevin; MacLaren, Andrew C (June 2017). "From leisure to tourism: How BDSM demonstrates the transition of deviant pursuits to mainstream products". Tourism Management. 60: 30–41. doi:10.1016/j.tourman.2016.10.018.
Jump up ^ Clark-Flory, Tracy (20 April 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey: Dominatrixes[sic] take on Roiphe". Salon.
Jump up ^ Chemaly, Soraya (20 April 2012). "Virgins, Bondage and A Shameful Media Fail". The Huffington Post.
Jump up ^ Logan Levkoff on The Today Show – Fifty Shades of Grey on YouTube
Jump up ^ "Dr. Drew: 50 Shades of Grey pathological, poorly written". WTOP-FM. 22 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Bonomi, Amy E., Lauren E. Altenburger, and Nicole L. Walton. "'Double Crap!' Abuse And Harmed Identity In Fifty Shades Of Grey." Journal of Women's Health (15409996) 22.9 (2013): 733-744. SocINDEX with Full Text. Web. 20 Apr. 2016.
^ Jump up to: a b Schwartz, Meredith (11 May 2012). "Florida County Pulls Fifty Shades of Grey From Shelves". Library Journal.
Jump up ^ Clarke, Suzan (30 May 2012). "Florida County Library Lifts Ban on 50 Shades of Grey". ABC News.
Jump up ^ "BRAZIL JUDGE ORDERS '50 SHADES OF GREY' SEALED". Associated Press. Archived from the original on February 23, 2015. Retrieved 18 January 2013.
Jump up ^ "Brazil judge orders '50 Shades of Grey' removed". USA Today. 18 January 2013. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
Jump up ^ "Brazilian bondage browsers tied down by court order". Global Legal Post. Retrieved 1 March 2013.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike (26 March 2012). "Universal Pictures and Focus Features win Fifty Shades of Grey". Deadline.com. PMC. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
Jump up ^ Miller, Julie (10 July 2012). "Fifty Shades of Grey Film Gets Oscar-Nominated Producers, Christian Grey–Casting Inspiration". Vanity Fair (online). Retrieved 12 August 2013.
Jump up ^ Fleming, Mike (26 March 2012). "Universal Pictures and Focus Features win Fifty Shades of Grey". Deadline.com. PMC. Retrieved 7 May 2012.
Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades Of Grey Movie Casts Dakota Johnson In a Lead Role". EntertainmentWise (Yahoo! UK). Archived from the original on January 5, 2015. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
Jump up ^ Rice, Lynette (2 September 2013). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' casts Dakota Johnson and Charlie Hunnam". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 3 September 2013.
Jump up ^ "Charlie Hunnam: Quitting Fifty Shades of Grey Was "Heartbreaking" - Us Weekly". usmagazine.com. 21 July 2014. Retrieved 27 January 2015.
Jump up ^ Kroll, Justin (23 October 2013). "Jamie Dornan Will Play Christian Grey in 'Fifty Shades of Grey'". Variety. Retrieved 24 October 2013.
Jump up ^ "Fifty Shades of Grey Reviews". Metacritic. CBS Interactive. Retrieved February 13, 2015.
Jump up ^ Schumann, Rebecka (6 February 2015). "'Fifty Shades of Grey' Sequels Confirmed; Fans React to 'Fifty Shades Darker' and 'Fifty Shades Freed' Movie Announcement". International Business Times. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
External links[edit]
Official website

[hide]
v
t
e
Fifty Shades franchise by E. L. James
Novels
Original trilogy
Fifty Shades of Grey
Fifty Shades Darker
Fifty Shades Freed
Retold
Grey: Fifty Shades of Grey as Told by Christian
Darker: Fifty Shades Darker as Told by Christian
Film series
Films
Fifty Shades of Grey
Fifty Shades Darker
Fifty Shades Freed
Music
Fifty Shades of Grey
"Earned It"
"Love Me like You Do"
"Crazy in Love (Remix)"
"I Put a Spell on You"
"Haunted (Michael Diamond Remix)"
"Beast of Burden"
"I'm on Fire"
"Witchcraft"
"I Know You"
Fifty Shades Darker
"I Don't Wanna Live Forever"
"Not Afraid Anymore"
"The Scientist"
Fifty Shades Freed
"For You"
"Capital Letters"
Parodies
Fifty Shades of Oy Vey: A Parody
Spank! The Fifty Shades Parody
Fifty Shades of Black
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text:
List of people with the most children
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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This is a dynamic list and may never be able to satisfy particular standards for completeness. You can help by expanding it with reliably sourced entries.
This article lists people who are known to have parented the most number of children.
Contents
[hide]
1 Female and monogamous couples
2 Male
3 See also
4 References
Female and monogamous couples[edit]
This section lists females who gave birth to at least 20 children. Numbers in bold and italics are likely to be inexact, some of them having been recorded before the 19th century. Due to females bearing the pregnancy and usually being monogamous, their records are often shared with or exceeded by their partners.
No. of children
Mother/couple
Notes
69
Mrs. and Mr. Vassilyev (1st wife).[1] Vassilyev and his first wife hold the record for the most children a couple has parented. She gave birth to a total of 69 children – sixteen pairs of twins, seven sets of triplets and four sets of quadruplets – between 1725 and 1765, in a total of 27 births. 67 of the 69 children born were said to have survived infancy. Vassilyev also had six sets of twins and two sets of triplets with a second wife, for another 18 children in eight births; he fathered a total of 87 children.
62
Mr. and Mrs. Gravata A Tuscan woman named Gravata gave birth to a total of 62 live children. This is known as the Gravata case.
57
Mrs. and Mr. Yakov Kirillov The first wife of peasant Yakov Kirillov from the village of Vvedensky, Russia, gave birth to 57 children in a total of 21 births. She had four sets of quadruplets, seven sets of triplets and ten sets of twins. All of the children were alive in 1755, when Kirillov, aged 60, was presented at court.[2]:6 As with the Vassilyev case, the truth of these claims has not been established, and is highly improbable.
53
Barbara and Adam Stratzmann It is claimed that Barbara Stratzmann (c. 1448 – 1503) of Bönnigheim, Germany, gave birth to 53 children (38 sons and 15 daughters) in a total of 29 births by 1498. She had one set of septuplets, one set of sextuplets, four sets of triplets and five sets of twins. Nineteen of the children were stillborn, the eldest surviving was eight years old in 1498.[3] As with the Vassilyev and Kirillov cases above, the survival of any one of the offspring of the alleged multiple births is questionable, as is the likelihood of so many multiple births in an era before fertility drugs.
52
Maddalena Granata Maddalena Granata (born 1839) of the City of Nocera, Italy, who married at age 28, had given birth to 52 living and dead children, 49 being males, by 1886. Dr. de Sanctis, of Nocera, stated that she had 15 sets of triplets.[4][5]:14
42
Elizabeth and John Mott Elizabeth Mott of Monks Kirby, Warwickshire, married in 1676 and produced 42 live-born children. She died in 1720.[5]:13
41
Alice Hookes According to the inscription on a gravestone in Conway Church cemetery, Gwynedd, North Wales, Nicholas Hookes (died 1637) was the 41st child of his mother Alice Hookes, but there were no further details.[5]:13
39
Elizabeth and William Greenhill Thomas Greenhill was the last child of 39 by his mother Elizabeth (1615–1681) and William Greenhill. The family consisted of 7 sons and 32 daughters. Not only is this a large number of live newborns, but is unusual in that all but one pair of twins were single births.
35
Mrs. and Mr. Harrison Mrs. Harrison, the wife of an undertaker residing in Vere Street, London, gave birth to her 35th child by one husband in 1736.[6]
33 Mary and John Jonas Mary Jonas (1814–1899) gave birth to 33 children, including 15 sets of boy–girl twins.[7] All were christened, but few reached adulthood. Ten children were still alive when their father John died in 1892.[8]
32 Moddie and Perccell Oliver Mrs. Moddile M. Oliver, aged 50, wife of a Lumberton, North Carolina, sharecropper, was expecting her 33rd child in 1959. At that time, 22 of her children were alive.[9]
32 Maria Addolorata Casalini Mrs. Casalini (born 1929) of Brindisi, Italy, married at 17 and gave birth to her 32nd child on November 11, 1970. She had two sets of quadruplets, one of triplets, one of twins and nineteen single births. Only 15 children survived.[10]
32 Madalena and Raimundo Carnauba Madalena Carnauba of Ceilândia, Brazil married at 13 and gave birth to 32 children: 24 sons and 8 daughters.[11]
32 Maria Benita Olivera Mrs. Olivera (born 1939) of San Juan, Argentina, gave birth to her 32nd child on 31 January 1989. All children were believed to be alive at that time.[12] She was married twice, and had a set of triplets (born when she was 13) and two sets of twins.[13]
30 Rebecca Town Mrs. Town (1807–1851) of Keighley, Yorkshire, had 30 children, but only one reached age 3.[5]
29 Anna Theresia Pleyl She was the first wife of Martin Pleyel (see fathers), a schoolmaster from Ruppersthal in Lower Austria in the 18th century.[14] Their 24th child was composer Ignaz Pleyel (b. 1757).[15]
28 Mabel Murphy Mrs. Murphy (born 1898) of Lisnaskea, Co. Fermanagh, N. Ireland was reported to have produced 28 children (12 stillborn) in 32 years of marriage by December 1949, but this claim has not been fully substantiated.[16]
27 Glendora Pope Mrs. Pope, the wife of an Idaho carpenter, gave birth to her 27th child in June 1939, at the age of 45. At that time, 14 children were living. All were single births.[17]
27 Marie-Elise (née Chamberland) and Heliodore Cyr Marie-Elise Chamberland and Heliodore Cyr married in 1928 and had 27 children by 1959, all single births. 19 of them survived to adulthood.[18] Mr. Cyr, a potato farmer from Saint-François-de-Madawaska, New Brunswick,[19] appeared on the TV show I've Got A Secret three times – after the births of his 25th, 26th and 27th children.[20]
25 Lapa Piagenti and Giacomo di Benincasa Their 23rd child was Saint Catherine of Siena.[21]
25 Ada Watson Mrs. Watson (1886–1974) of Cambridge gave birth to 25 children, including three sets of twins, during the period 1904–1931. All of the children attained majority.[5]
24 Kathleen Scott Mrs. Scott (b. 4 July 1914) of Dublin gave birth to her 24th child on 9 August 1958. Twenty of her children were still alive in 1990.[12]
24 Marcella S. (née Mills) Big Crow and James M. Big Crow Sr. Marcella Mills-Big Crow (1924–1989) of Pine Ridge, South Dakota had 24 children, including eight pairs of twins. Five children died in infancy.[22]
23 Christine of Mecklenburg-Güstrow and Louis Christian, Count of Stolberg-Gedern The great-great-great-grandmother of Queen Victoria of the United Kingdom had 23 children in 19 pregnancies between 1684 and 1705 (including four sets of twins); 11 of them survived to adulthood.[23][24]
23 Queen Darejan and King Heraclius II of Georgia They had a total of 23 children, 13 of whom lived to adulthood.[25]
23 Tabatha Marcum and Silas Mainord Married in 1811, they lived in Overton County, Tennessee and produced 23 children. One of their daughters, Syreana, later became the mother of 17.[26]
23 Grace Bagnato Grace Bagnato and her husband had 23 children; 9 of them were conceived in order to compete for a bequest by a Toronto eccentric, in what became known as the Great Stork Derby.[27]
23 Irene and Charles DeMello Irene DeMello of Tiverton, Rhode Island gave birth to her 23rd child in February 1958 at the age of 40 in her 25 years of marriage. There were no multiple births. Seventeen of the children were alive, the eldest being 23.[28]
23 Mary and Sylvester Hemsing Mary Hemsing (1913-2014) of Rolling Hills, Alberta, Canada, gave birth to 11 boys and 12 girls, one of whom was stillborn.[29]
22 Ursula and Franz Adolf Dietrich von Ingelheim The German Count Franz Adolf Dietrich von Ingelheim (1659–1742) of Mainz and his wife Ursula (1668–1730) had 22 children between 1683 and 1712.[30]
22 Emily FitzGerald Emily FitzGerald, Duchess of Leinster and her first husband James FitzGerald, 1st Duke of Leinster had nineteen children born between 1748 and 1773. Later she married her children's tutor William Ogilvie; they had three children, who were born between years 1775 and 1778.[31]
22 Marie Massicotte and Philippe Dontigny These children were born between 1888 and 1915 at Champlain, Québec; 14 of them died in infancy. There were no multiple births.[32]
22 Mrs. and Mr. Hostetter Roy Hostetter, a 46-year-old Pennsylvania miner, and his wife, aged 42, announced the birth of their 22nd child in May 1941.[33]
22 Charlotte and Marlon Story Charlotte Story of Bakersfield, California, gave birth to her 22nd child in July 1946. All but two of the other 21 children, including four sets of twins, were alive.[34] Marion and Charlotte Story participated in You Bet Your Life in 1950.
22 Mrs. Dick Renata Mrs. Dick Renata, a Maori, of Hawkes Bay, New Zealand, gave birth to her 22nd child in November 1948. Fourteen of her children survived, including the second born, who was 21 at the time she gave birth to the 22nd, and was himself a father.[35]
22 Madeleine and Marce Devaud Madeleine Devaud, wife of a village dairyman of La Gorre, western France, gave birth to her 22nd child, a boy, in March 1952, at the age of 42. The Devaud couple, married for 24 years, had 13 girls and seven boys. Two other children died in infancy.[36][37]
22 Mabel Constable Mrs. Constable (born 1920), of Long Itchington, Warwicks, gave birth to 22 children, including a set of triplets and two sets of twins.[38]
22 Margaret McNaught Mrs. McNaught (born 1923), of Balsall Heath, Birmingham, gave birth to 22 children, 12 boys (2 of them died in infancy) and 10 girls, all single births.[5]
22 Lucille and Alvin Miller Mrs. Miller gave birth to her first child at age 17; her last child was born when she was 43. All 22 children lived to adulthood. The family also took in several foster children.[39]
22 Effie (née Estes) and Charles Dickey From Clinton, Maine, Mrs. Dickey gave birth to 22 children, all single births. All of them lived to adulthood, 18 of them living into their 70s,80s and 90s,(the others died at ages 30, 58, 60 and 67).[40]
22 Bridget Brown (née Fagan) and Patrick Brown From Dublin, Ireland. Fifteen sons and seven daughters; thirteen survived infancy. The twelfth child was disabled writer Christy Brown.
22 Unidentified Romani woman A 38-year-old Romani woman of Lom, Bulgaria, gave birth to her 22nd child in March 1998. She and her husband had no jobs. 17 children lived with them and five were in orphanages.[41]
21 Olivia (née Whitmore) and Arthur Guinness Guinness was an Irish brewer. Only ten of their children lived to adulthood.[42]
21 Ann Clark Skerrett and Jeremiah Lear Their 20th child was English artist, illustrator, musician, author and poet Edward Lear (born 1812).[43]
21 Teodora (née Lopez) and Raymundo Olivas Born in 1809 in Los Angeles, Raymundo Olivas met his future wife, Teodora Lopez, in Santa Barbara. They were married in 1832, and together they had 21 children – 13 boys and eight girls. In 1841 Raymundo built the Olivas Adobe, an important part of Ventura city's cultural heritage.[44]
21 Josephine & Michael Salzo Sr. The 21 children included the first known surviving set of quadruplets in New Haven, Connecticut; triplets; and two sets of twins.[45]
21 Anna and Henry Crocker 18 of their children lived to adulthood.[46]
21 Mrs. and Mr. Albert Cunningham The couple from Iron Mountain, Michigan, welcomed their 21st child in September 1930 after 27 years of marriage. Seventeen of their children were alive.[47]
21 Mary Chaloner Hale The wife of General John Hale (1728–1806), Mary Hale (1743–1803, born Mary Chaloner in Guisborough, Yorkshire, England) bore 21 offspring between the years of 1764 and 1789, including her first child, John Hale.[48]
21 Elizabeth Hudson Mrs. Hudson, of London, the wife of a paint sprayer, gave birth to her 21st child in February 1955, at the age of 45. Sixteen of the children were alive.[49]
21 Edith Hill Mrs. Hill, of Leicester, England, the wife of a postman, gave birth to her 21st child in December 1960, at the age of 46. Her eldest son was 30 by that time and she already had grandchildren. Two of her children died in infancy; the others were nine boys and ten girls.[50]
21 Mary and Wara Tengu The Maori couple from Hamilton, New Zealand, welcomed their 21st child in January 1968; the mother was then 42 years old. They already had five grandchildren.[51]
21 Aliza and Meir Ben-Haroush Aliza Ben-Haroush of Haifa gave birth to her 21st child in July 1969 at the age of 46 and became the most prolific mother in Israel.[52]
21 Unidentified Indian woman Not much is known about this case except that a woman from Assam gave birth to her 21st child in 1970.[53][54]
21 Leonora and Yanosh Nameni Leonora Nameni, of Ostritsa, Hertsa Raion, Chernivtsi Oblast, gave birth to her 21st child in October 2013, at the age of 44, becoming the most prolific mother in Ukraine. Leonora and Yanosh are followers of the Apostolic Christian Church (Nazarene) and do not practice birth control. The Nameni family has 11 sons and 10 daughters, including two sets of twins.[55]
21 Sebastiana Maria da Conceicao Sebastiana Maria da Conceicao, aged 51, gave birth to her 21st child in the city of Aracaju, Brazil, in May 2015. The boy joined the family of 10 brothers and 10 sisters, of whom 18 were alive.[56]
20 Jane (née Purdon) and Adam Loftus. Archbishop of Armagh, and later Dublin, and Lord Chancellor of Ireland Adam Loftus had 20 children with his wife Jane between c. 1559 and 1590,[57] twelve of whom survived to adulthood.[58]
20 Catherine Marion de Druy and Antoine Arnauld Famous French lawyer Antoine Arnauld had 20 children with his wife Catherine Marion de Druy between 1588 and 1612, ten of whom survived to adulthood.[59]
20 Elizabeth Carleton Elizabeth Carleton, daughter of Sir Dudley Carleton, had one child, daughter Elizabeth, with her first husband Thomas Barker, and 19 children with her second husband Giles Vanbrugh, 12 of whom survived infancy, including English architect and dramatist John Vanbrugh (1664 – 1726) and Commodore Governor of Newfoundland Philip Vanbrugh (c. 1681 – 1753).[60][61]
20 Marie Elisabeth of Eggenberg and Ferdinand Joseph Ferdinand Joseph had 20 children with his wife Marie Elisabeth of Eggenberg between 1657 and 1685 (all single births), of whom only five survived to adulthood.[62]
20 Anne Margrethe Rossing and Peder Horrebow Danish astronomer Peder Horrebow and his wife Anne Margrethe Rossing had a total of 20 children.[63] One of their sons, Christian Horrebow, born 1718, continued his father's work.
20 Barbe Arnault and Antoine Monneron Barbe Arnault and Antoine Monneron had 20 children between 1733 and 1758 (all single births), 12 of whom survived infancy.[64] Their sons became well known Monneron brothers.
20 Rosgen (née Fuld) and Hayum Lowenstein Rosgen and Hayum Lowenstein of Langendernbach, Germany, had 20 children, 19 of whom survived to adulthood. The youngest child was born in 1860.[65]
20 Marie Verrault and Pierre Edouard Cauchon Born between 1853 and 1882 at Château-Richer, Québec, Canada, sixteen of the children died in infancy, and one as a young adult. There were no multiple births.[32]
20 Florestine Piché and Gaspard Beaupré Florestine Piché and Gaspard Beaupré had 20 children; the eldest of them was famous giant Édouard Beaupré, born in 1881 in Willow Bunch, Saskatchewan.[66]
20 Emma Catherine Padgett and Addison Bidwell Millard Addison Millard (1843-1898) and Emma Padgett (1849-1919) married in 1865 in Urbana, Maryland, and had 20 children, the last of whom was born in 1890. Sixdied in infancy. The family moved to Virginia in 1893, where they ran Colvin Run Mill for more than 50 years.[67]
20 Elise Steinmann and Leonhard Hauser The couple had 20 children, seven of whom died as infants. Elise Steinmann (1848-1928) and Leonhard Hauser (1842-1915) were both born in Switzerland. they immigrated to the US in 1882, and settled in Greenwood (now Greenfield) near Rockford, Minnesota. 13 of their children were born in Switzerland, and seven in the US.[68]
20 Ella and James Lee Townsend Ella and James Lee Townsend, sharecroppers from Montgomery County, Mississippi, had a total of 20 children. The youngest of them was American voting rights activist, civil rights leader, and philanthropist Fannie Lou Hamer, born in 1917.[69]
20 Gertrude Louisa Rowe Goodley and George Thomas Jolley Gertrude and George married in 1905 and had 20 children between 1906 and 1932, when Gertrude was aged 46. The family were from the Tolaga Bay area on New Zealand's North Island.[citation needed]. Issue 227 of the Gisborne Photo News carried a report in 1973 about a reunion of 140 of their descendants and noted that they had 215 direct descendants at that time.[70]
20 Mary and John Fullerton Mary and John Fullerton from County Donegal, Ireland, had 20 children, the eldest of whom was Eddie Fullerton, born in 1935.[71]
20 Mrs. and Mr. Rexford Oakley Mrs. Oakley, aged 54, from Scranton, Pennsylvania, gave birth to her 20th child in December 1954. 18 of the children, including the newborn, were alive.[72]
20 Zola Inez (née Sutterfield) and Harvey Auston Smith Mrs. Smith (born September 1, 1910) gave birth to her 20th child in Mountain View, Arkansas, in May 1956, at the age of 45. She and her husband, married for 29 years, had 14 sons and six daughters, all single births. Three sons died in infancy. By April 1973 they had 35 grandchildren and two great grandchildren.[73]
20 Rose Alma and Roland Letendre The couple had 20 children; the youngest died as a result of birth injury. All the children were born in Drummondville, Quebec.[74] As of August 2014 Rose Alma was still alive at age 96.[75]
20 Mrs. and Mr. Edward Bitter Mrs. Bitter, aged 40, the wife of a bricklayer, from Covington, Kentucky, gave birth to her 20th child in January 1958. Four of their children, including a set of twins, were dead. The other 16 were 10 boys and six girls; the oldest of them was 24.[76]
20 Dolores and Prosper Grenier Dolores Grenier, aged 43, of Waterville, Maine, gave birth to her 20th child in April 1961. During 26 years of marriage she gave birth to 12 sons and eight daughters, including three sets of twins. Two daughters have died.[77]
20 Eldora and James Parnell Eldora Parnell, aged 42, of Bakersfield, California, gave birth to her 20th child in November 1966, after 27 years of marriage.[78]
20 The mother of Maria Goncales Moreira Not much is known about this case except the fact that she had ten sets of twins. Her daughter also had ten sets of twins (see below).[79]
20 Maria Goncales Moreira Mrs. Moreira of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, gave birth to her tenth set of twins (identical boys) on July 3, 1984. Her other twins were 16 girls and two boys. She delivered the first at age 13. Her mother also had ten sets of twins.[79]
20 Jessie Campbell Mrs. Campbell (born 1946) of Struan, Isle of Skye, Scotland, gave birth to her 20th child on 22 January 1990.[80]
20 Julianna and Ernő Lukács Julianna Lukács and her husband, a Hungarian farmer, have six sons and fourteen daughters. They live in Tolna, Hungary, in a mansion farming on 3,336 acres (1,350 ha). The first child was born in 1966 and the last in 1991.[81]
20 Valentina and Anatoliy Khromykh Valentina Khromykh from Lev-Tolstovsky District, Lipetsk Oblast, Russia, gave birth to 20 children, 11 boys and 9 girls. As of May 2015, 15 of the children were alive (two died in infancy and other three at the ages of 12, 28 and 32), the oldest child was 46 and the youngest was 22. Also by May 2015, Valentina was 64, she had been married to Anatoliy Khromykh for 46 years, and they already had ten grandchildren.[82]
20 Elizabeth and Joseph Mattingly From Nelson County, Kentucky, Mrs. Mattingly gave birth to twenty children, all of whom lived to adulthood.
20 Elena and Alexander Shishkin Elena Shishkina (born 1958) of Voronezh Oblast, Russia, gave birth to her 20th child in April 2003, becoming the most prolific mother in Russia; her eldest son was 24 at that time. The Shishkins have 9 sons and 11 daughters, and had 20 grandchildren by November 2012.[83]
20 Noel and Sue Radford Suzanne (Sue) Radford – born 22 March 1975 (age 42), of Morecambe, UK gave birth to her 20th child on 18 September 2017. Her eldest son (Christopher) was 28 at that time. The Radfords had 11 sons, 9 daughters, and had 3 grandchildren in October 2017.
Male[edit]
This section lists men who have parented at least 25 children, usually with many different women. Men who have parented large numbers of children through medical sperm donation are difficult to record. Numbers in italics are inexact, particularly those of rulers of antiquity.
No. of children
Father
Notes
1,000-2,000 Genghis Khan He is said to have fathered at least 1,000 children, possibly as many as 2,000 from as many as 3000 wives. Genetic analysis has shown he is a male-line ancestor of 0.5% of the world's population.[84]
See also: Descent from Genghis Khan
867+ Ismail Ibn Sharif Alaouite sultan of Morocco, he is said to have fathered children with multiple wives and concubines.
300–600 Bertold P. Wiesner This fertility doctor used his own sperm to impregnate customers between 1943 and 1962. He is the father of Eva Ibbotson via a marital relationship with her mother, separate from his clinical work.
365-382 Augustus II the Strong Augustus was Elector of Saxony, king of Poland. With his wife Christiane Eberhardine of Brandenburg-Bayreuth he had one son, Augustus III of Poland. He had numerous children with his mistresses, but only 11 were recognized, one of whom is Maurice de Saxe French Marchal-General of France, the great-grandfather of George Sand.
210 King Sobhuza II King of Swaziland, lived 1899–1982, is thought to have had 70 wives.
177 Sultan Ibrahim Njoya He was King of Bamum in Cameroon, lived 1860–1933, and is thought to have had 'around 600' wives. He was said to have had 149 children by December 1915.[85]
170+ Mohammed Bello Abubakar Born in 1948, Mohammed Bello Abubakar of Nigeria married 86 wives and had 170 children with them before being arrested in 2008 for polygamy for having more than four wives,[86] though he was released later in 2008.
162+ Ramesses II Egyptian pharaoh;
Main article: List of children of Ramesses II
160+ Ancentus Ogwella Akuku This Kenyan polygamist, known as 'Danger', lived 1916–2010; he married 'more than 100 times' and had fathered 'at least 160 children' when he married his final wife in 2000.[87] An unsubstantiated article from the East African Standard claimed he had 210 children: 104 daughters and 106 sons, by some 130 wives.[88]
158 Jack Kigongo Kigongo lived in Kateera, Uganda, 1909–2012; he had 20 wives, and when he died aged 103, had around 500 grandchildren.[89]
153 Don Reynaldo A Costa Rican business magnate who is said to have fathered 153 children between 1950-2005.
150 Anonymous sperm donor An American sperm donor was found to have produced at least 150 children.[90] This was the inspiration for the 2011 Canadian film Starbuck and its 2013 American remake Delivery Man.
149 Osman Ali Khan, Asaf Jah VII, the last Nizam of Hyderabad He is reported to have had 149 children.
145+ Winston Blackmore Leader of the Mormon fundamentalist sect called the Blackmore/Bountiful Community,[91] he fathered children through as many as 25 wives.[92][93]
144 Miên Thẩm Thẩm, son of Minh Mang, fathered 144 children, including 78 sons and 66 daughters.[94]
142 Emperor Minh Mạng He is reported to have fathered 142 children from 400 wives.[94]
128 Misheck Doctor Nyandoro Nyandoro, a Zimbabwean man living in Chipinge, currently has 15 wives and 128 children.[95]
106–115 Saud of Saudi Arabia King Saud, son of Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia, lived 1902–1969. According to one source he had 52 sons and about 54 daughters from 'a wider range of women' than his father (who had 22 wives);[96] however, another source credited him with 115.[97]
114 Ed Houben Houben was Europe's most prolific sperm donor. He advocates the use of natural methods.[98]
114 Miên Trinh Trinh, another son of Minh Mang, fathered 77 sons and 37 daughters.[94]
108+ Fath-Ali Shah Qajar The second Shah of the Qajar dynasty of Iran, Fath-Ali (1772–1834) had 48 daughters and 60 sons 'who survived infancy', as a result of the 160+ marriages by which he had consolidated his control over the country. Many of his descendants went on to become prominent figures.[99]
<100 Augustus John The Welsh painter is widely reported to have fathered 'up to 100 children', mostly outside marriage, although some believe that this figure is greatly exaggerated.[100]
94 Ziona Leader of the religious sect Pu Chana páwl, in the Mizoram state of India, has 94 children with 39 wives, as well as 33 grandchildren, and has, according to the Guinness Book of Records, the world's largest family.[101]
93 Muhammad Daad Murad Mohammed Daad Murad Al Balushi was also known as Abu Faisal or 'Bid Daad', originally from Baluchistan but now naturalized in the Ajman, U.A.E.. By April 2013 he was 67 and was expecting his 94th child.[102] Overall he had 22 wives, of whom 17 are still alive, by whom he had 56 sons and 37 daughters, the eldest being a 38-year-old son and the youngest a three-month-old daughter.[103][104][105][106]
49–89 Goel Ratzon Ratzon is a Jewish cult leader and Messiah claimant, born in 1951; in 2010 he reportedly had '21 wives', with whom he had fathered 49 children (CNN data), or 'more than 30 wives' and 89 children (Time magazine data). These statistics came to light when he was charged with enslavement and rape.[107][108]
87 Feodor Vassilyev Feodor Vassilyev, a peasant from Shuya, Russia, had 69 children with his first wife and 18 with his second. At least 82 of his children survived infancy.[109]
86 Trần Viết Chu A peasant from Hải Lăng, Quảng Trị (Vietnam), he had 86 children with 12 wives.[110]
82 Mongkut (Rama IV) King Mongkut, Thailand's fourth monarch, had 32 wives and concubines during his lifetime who produced at least 82 children,[111] one of whom was Chulalongkorn.
80+ Joe Donor Located in the east coast area of the US, Joe Donor is the admin of the free sperm donor group "Joesdonorgroup" on Facebook.[112] Joe Donor is a donor with 30+ offspring from free sperm donations who was featured on ABC's 20/20.[113] Joe is also the author of numerous books on donation.[114] Joe had 80+ successes as of April 11, 2014.[115]
77 Chulalongkorn (Rama V) King Chulalongkorn, Thailand's fifth monarch, had 92 consorts during his lifetime who produced 77 children,[111] of whom 33 were sons and 44 were daughters.
75 Ibn Saud of Saudi Arabia King Abdulaziz, the first monarch of Saudi Arabia, lived 1876–1953; he had 45 recorded sons and about 30 daughters from 22 wives and concubines. By 2001 he had 2,500–3,500 direct descendants.[96]
See also: Descendants of Ibn Saud
75 Screamin' Jay Hawkins Hawkins, a rock and roll singer, had 57 confirmed children, possibly as many as 75.[116]
75 Cecil Byran Jacobson This fertility doctor was suspected of fathering as many as 75 children by impregnating patients with his own sperm.[citation needed] During trial 15 children were confirmed his through DNA.[117]
74 Ben Seisler Seisler, who spent three years donating sperm to a Virginia sperm bank to offset law-school expenses, recently learned that his donations had produced 74 children.[118]
73 Buddha Loetla Nabhalai (Rama II) King Buddha Loetla Nabhalai, Thailand's second monarch, had 73 children with 40 women.[111]
72 Emperor Huizong of Song Emperor Huizong of Song, Emperor of the Song Dynasty, fathered 38 sons and 34 daughters from 148 wives.
72 Mehtar Aman-ul-Mulk Aman-ul-Mulk, ruler of Chitral, now part of Pakistan (1821-1892), is known as the Lot Mitar or Great Mehtar. He had 72 children, as reported in Tribes of the Hindu Kush by Biddulph.
65 Heber C. Kimball First Counselor of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he fathered children through 17 of his 43 wives.[citation needed]
65 Rulon Jeffs President of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, he fathered children, including Warren Jeffs, with as many as 75 wives.[119]
64 John W Hess Lived 1824 to 1903 and was the President of the Davis Stake of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in 1894. Fathered 64 children with 7 wives as noted in his autobiography.[120] His obituary indicated 65 children.[121]
64 Thiệu Trị Emperor of Vietnam, he fathered children through 24 wives.[122]
61 Norodom of Cambodia King of Cambodia, he fathered 61 sons and daughters with 47 wives.
60 Warren Jeffs President of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints, he fathered children through as many as 70 wives.[119]
59 Emperor Xuanzong of Tang Emperor Xuanzong of Tang, Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, fathered 30 sons and 29 daughters with numerous wives.
58 Gennadij Raivich The neuroscientist Professor Gennadij Raivich, born in 1963, is believed to have fathered 58 children by sperm donation, advertised through unlicensed websites.[123]
57 Brigham Young President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he fathered children through 16 of his 55 wives.[citation needed]
56 John Doyle Lee Utah pioneer and early leader of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he had 18 wives and 56 children.[124]
55 Kangxi Emperor A Chinese emperor of the Qing Dynasty who lived 1654–1722, he fathered 35 sons and 20 daughters from numerous wives and concubines.[citation needed]
55 Peregrine Sessions A member of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints and a son of Patty Bartlett Sessions, he had 55 children with eight wives.[citation needed]
54+ Mohammed bin Awad bin Laden This Yemeni emigrant to Saudi Arabia married 22 times and fathered at least 54 children.[125] Osama bin Laden is believed to have been his 17th son.
54 Merril Jessop Bishop and one-time de facto leader of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he fathered 54 children with his first six wives.[126]
52 Salem Juma'a Salem Juma'a from United Arab Emirates fathered 52 children through 12 wives. By November 2009 he was approximately 75 years old and 1ten of his children were dead. The other 42 were 21 sons and 21 daughters aged from 13 to 38 years old.[127]
51 Nangklao (Rama III) King Nangklao, Thailand's third monarch, had 51 children with 37 women.[111]
50 Qin Shi Huang First Emperor of the Qin Dynasty and founding emperor of China. Fathered around 50 children with numerous concubines.
50 Luiz Costa Oliveira A Brazilian from Rio Grande do Norte State, he has 50 children from three women (wife, sister-in-law, mother-in-law).[128]
50 Dr. Donald L. Cline, MD An American fertility doctor from Indiana University School Of Medicine who used his own sperm more than 50 times to impregnate customers since the 1970s. DNA has been shown to link 8 siblings so far.[129][130]
50 Jean-Bédel Bokassa Dictator of the Central African Republic, he lived 1921–1996, ad had 17 wives.[citation needed]
48 Joseph F. Smith Sixth president of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints (LDS Church), he fathered 48 children with six wives (though his first wife, Levira Smith, never bore children).[131]
46 Joe Jessop As of February 2010 Jessop was 88. He lived in Short Creek, Utah, alongside a community of at least 6000 followers of the Fundamentalist Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints. He fathered 46 children with five wives and had 239 grandchildren.[132]
46 Marriner W. Merrill A Mormon and the great grandfather of Todd Christensen, he fathered 46 children with six out of his eight wives.
45 Orson Pratt Orson Pratt (Sr.), polymath, and an apostle of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, lived 1811–1881; he fathered 45 children through his ten wives.[citation needed]
30–45 Idi Amin Dictator of Uganda, he lived 1925–2003, and had 17 wives.[citation needed]
44 Jesse N. Smith Jesse Nathaniel Smith, a Mormon pioneer, church leader, colonizer, politician, frontiersman, and member of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, fathered 44 children through his five wives.[133]
43 Danish sperm donor This Danish man, fathered at least 43 children through 14 distinct IVF clinics in ten separate countries. At least five children sired by him were passed a genetic disorder. The man was permitted to carry on donating sperm, despite Danish national rules restricting donations to 25.[134]
43 Philip IV of Spain He fathered 13 legitimate children through his two wives and is said to have at least 30 illegitimate children with different women of all conditions.[135]
42 Hongwu Emperor First Emperor of the Ming Dynasty. Fathered 26 sons and 16 daughters with numerous wives.
42 Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke (Rama I) King Buddha Yodfa Chulaloke, Thailand's first monarch, had 42 children from 28 women.[111]
42 Lorenzo Snow President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he fathered children through his nine wives.[citation needed]
42 Joseph Kony Joseph Kony, the Ugandan leader of the Lord's Resistance Army (LRA), has 42 children [136] with 88 spouses.
41 Friedrich von Kahlbutz A minor Prussian nobleman who lived 1651–1702, he fathered 11 children by his wife, and 30 by peasant women in his domain.[137] His mummy is preserved in a church in Neustadt in Brandenburg.
41 Aston "Family Man" Barrett Aston Francis Barrett (born 22 November 1946), often called "Family Man" or "Fams" for short, is a Jamaican musician and Rastafarian. His nickname came about before he had any children of his own. Aston foresaw his role as a band leader and started to call himself "Family Man". He has fathered 41 children since.[138]
41 Muhammad Yusaf Muhammad Yousaf of Sargodha, Pakistan, had at least 41 children from seven wives.[139]
41 Emperor Gaozu of Tang Emperor Gaozu of Tang, Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, fathered 41 children with numerous wives.
40 Emperor Daizong of Tang Emperor of the Tang Dynasty, fathered 20 sons and 20 daughters from numerous wives.
40 Mike Holpin Mike Holpin, from Ebbw Vale in Monmouthshire, has at least 40 children.[140]
39+ Emperor Wu of Jin Sima Yan, founder of China's Jin dynasty, had 26 sons and at least 13 daughters. Details are here.
38 Emperor Xianzong of Tang Emperor of the Tang Dynasty. Fathered a total of 20 sons and 18 daughters from numerous wives.
38 Martin Pleyel Martin Pleyel was a schoolmaster from Ruppersthal in Lower Austria in the 18th century. He had 29 children with his first wife, Anna Theresia Pleyel. Their 24th child was composer Ignaz Pleyel (b. 1757).[15] He had another nine children with his second wife, Maria Anna Pleyel.[14]
38 Ramon Revilla A Filipino actor and former senator, he fathered children through 16 different women.[141] Claims to have fathered up to 72 children.
37 Robert Gardner Robert Gardner Jr., a Scottish-born Mormon pioneer, had 37 children with 4 wives.
36 Emperor Shunzong of Tang Emperor of Tang Dynasty. Fathered 23 sons and 13 daughters from numerous wives.
35+ King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia The former King Abdullah of Saudi Arabia, born in 1924, he fathered at least 35 children, by thirteen wives.[142]
35 Emperor Taizong of Tang Emperor Taizong of Tang, Second Emperor of Tang Dynasty. Fathered 14 sons and 21 daughters from numerous wives. Considered one of the greatest Chinese Emperors, having conquered an Empire up to 12 400 000 squared km in size.
35 Horace Martin Alexander Alexander was a Mormon, a corporal in the Mormon Battalion, and was friendly with Joseph Smith. He had thirty-five children with four wives, from 1836 until at least 1871.
34 John Taylor President of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he fathered children through his seven wives.[citation needed]
34 Taejo of Goryeo Founding as well as first king of Goryeo, he fathered 34 children (25 sons & 9 daughters) through 32 consorts (6 queens & 26 concubines).
33 Wilford Woodruff President of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints, he fathered children through his five (possibly six) wives.[citation needed]
33+ Dillion "Dillon" Asher Asher was the keeper of the first toll-gate in Kentucky, near Pineville. He fathered at least 33 children with four women between 1804 and 1845.[citation needed]
32 Yuan Shikai An important Chinese general and politician, he fathered 32 children (17 sons and 15 daughters) through his wife and nine concubines.[143]
32 Gia Long Emperor of Vietnam, he fathered 32 children.[144]
32 Albert Emund Barlow A follower of the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints living in Utah, he was arrested for polygamy at age 52 in 1955.[145] He was said to have fathered 32 children by his three wives.
31+ Cao Cao Cao Cao had 25 sons (including Cao Pi, founder of China's Wei dynasty) and at least six daughters. Details are here.
31 Benjamin Clark A cousin of the explorer William Clark, he fathered 31 children by his two wives; seven of them died in infancy.[146]
33 Dr. Jan Muhammad Jan Muhammad is from Quetta, Pakistan. He has 14 sons and 19 daughters.[139]
30+ Jonas Savimbi An Angolan politician and guerrilla leader, he lived 1934–2002, and had fathered 29–31 children by 1999; his number of wives is not recorded.[147]
30+ Omar Bongo President of Gabon, he lived 1935–2009; his number of wives is not recorded.[citation needed]
30 Taksin, King of Thonburi Taksin, the King of the Thonburi Kingdom, had 21 sons and nine daughters.[148]
30 Miles Park Romney A Mormon and great-grandfather of Mitt Romney, he fathered 30 children with five wives;[149] he married the last in 1890, just before the 1890 Manifesto.
30 Tom Green A Mormon fundamentalist, he fathered children through ten women.[150]
30 Fally Diallo Senegalese Imam El Hadji Fally Diallo has, up to 2014, fathered 30 children with three wives. He campaigns against family planning in Senegal, claiming that it is his God-given duty to multiply.[151]
29 Sisowath of Cambodia Sisowath of Cambodia, King of Cambodia, fathered 29 sons and daughters.
28 Emperor Zhaozong of Tang Emperor Zhaozong of Tang, penultimate Emperor of the Tang Dynasty fathered 17 sons and 11 daughters from numerous wives. He was the father of Emperor Ai of Tang.
28 Mohamed Ali Waranle Waranle is a Somali business who lives in Mogadishu, Somalia. One of the richest men in the country, he had three wives, the first wife has 11 children, the second has 10 and the third one gave birth to 7 children.[152]
27 Qianlong Emperor The Qianlong Emperor, Emperor of the Qing Dynasty fathered 17 sons and 10 daughters from 38 wives.
25 Edward Hess Hess was an innkeeper from Safe Harbor, Pennsylvania, who also owned a shad fishery. One of the richest men in the area, he had four children with his first wife Elizabeth Ann Shenk, 17 with his second wife Mary Ann Lewis, and four with his third wife Catherine Rankin, who was 37 years his junior.[152]
See also[edit]
List of multiple births
Baby boom
Biological exponential growth
Compound annual growth rate
Demographic momentum
Demographic transition
Density dependence
Doubling time
Exponential growth
Great Stork Derby
List of countries by population growth rate
List of sovereign states and dependent territories by fertility rate
List of population concern organizations
Logistic function – concept related to logistic model
Natalism and Antinatalism
Population bottleneck
Ziona
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