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2009 National Artist of the Philippines controversy
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Insignia of the Order of National Artists
The 2009 National Artist of the Philippines controversy refers to the controversial proclamation as National Artists of the Philippines of four individuals via the Presidential prerogative of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo, when the four had not been nominated by the selection committee, composed of representatives from National Commission for Culture and the Arts (NCCA) and the Cultural Center of the Philippines (CCP).[1][2]
The title National Artist of the Philippines is given to a Filipino who has been given the highest recognition for having made significant contributions to the development of Philippine arts, namely, Music, Dance, Theater, Visual Arts, Literature, Film, Broadcast Arts, Fashion Design and Architecture, and Allied Arts. Such Filipinos are announced, by virtue of a Presidential Proclamation, as National Artist, having been conferred membership in the Order of National Artists. Benefits they enjoy from then on include a monthly pension, medical and life insurance, arrangements for a state funeral, a place of honor at national state functions, and recognition at cultural events.[2]
On July 16, 2013, the controversy finally ended after the Supreme Court of the Philippines voted 12-1-2 that voided the four proclamations created by former President Gloria Arroyo that made these people National Artists.[3]
Contents
[hide]
1 Controversy
1.1 President’s prerogative
1.1.1 Alvarez
1.1.2 Caparas
1.2 Committee-shortlisted nominees
1.3 Non-inclusion of Ramon Santos
1.4 Malacañang Honors Committee
2 Prominent protestors
3 Defense
3.1 Arroyo Administration
3.2 Carlo J. Caparas
3.3 Cecilla Guidote-Alvarez
4 Significant events
4.1 Reactions
4.2 Petition with the Supreme Court
4.3 Aftermath
5 References
Controversy[edit]
President’s prerogative[edit]
The controversy began when conferred the Order of National Artists to seven individuals in July, 2009.[4] Controversy arose from the revelation that musician Ramon Santos had been dropped from the list of nominees short-listed in May that year by the selection committee, and four other individuals had been nominated to the title via "President’s prerogative":[1][2]
Cecille Guidote-Alvarez (Theater),
Magno Jose "Carlo” Caparas (Visual Arts and Film),
Francisco Mañosa (Architecture), and
Jose “Pitoy” Moreno (Fashion Design)
Members of the Philippine art community, including a number of living National Artists of the Philippines, protested that the proclamation politicized the title of National artist, and made it "a way for President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo to accommodate her allies."[1]
Film director Eddie Romero, himself a National Artist for Film and the Broadcast Arts, explained in an interview that the rules allow the President to pick a National Artist. He noted, however, that:[1]
“It seems it’s the first time the presidential prerogative was used to declare four artists. It’s like a wholesale declaration.”
National Artist for literature chairman of the Concerned Artists of the Philippines Bienvenido Lumbera, said[1] that in the 2009 nominations, there was
“heavy campaigning because the government wanted to ensure the selection of four people.”
In addition, specific protests were raised regarding the nomination of NCCA executive director Guidote-Alvarez, because it was purportedly a breach of protocol and propriety, and of Carlo Caparas, because protestors assert that he is not qualified to be nominated under either the "Visual Arts" or "Film" categories in which he was proclaimed to the order.[1]
Alvarez[edit]
Lumbera, who happened to be a member of the combined “final selection committee" of the NCAA and CCP, noted that:[1]
“It was Cecile Guidote-Alvarez, as executive director of the NCCA, who had insisted on the President’s right to add names that were not discussed in the committee.”
Calling the situation "outrageous",[1] he said that:[1][2]
“She should have not allowed herself to be named as national artist. She’s close to the President. Nobody in the committee thought that she deserved to be named."
Alvarez heads the NCAA secretariat that receives nominations for national artists.
Caparas[edit]
Complaints regarding Caparas' proclamation centered on the complaints that he did not illustrate the comic books he wrote and therefore did not meet the qualifications for being honored under the visual arts category,[1][5] and the assertion of protesting artists that his work in the category of Film is supposedly "sub-par", being largely exploitation films: "pito-pito" ("seven-seven") films rush-finished in seven days, and "massacre films" whose focus was sensational crimes.[6][1][7][8]
Bienvenido Lumbera remarked that Caparas’ nomination was twice rejected by two NCAA panels:[2]
“[Caparas] was first proposed as a nominee for literature, but the committee rejected him. He was again proposed as nominee for visual artist but the panel again turned him down."
Film Academy of the Philippines director general Leo Martinez[2][9] noted that "He was obviously added by Malacañang." Caparas is known as a vocal supporter of President Gloria Macapagal Arroyo.[7]
Committee-shortlisted nominees[edit]
Protestors, however, were careful to note that three of the individuals proclaimed as National Artist in 2009[4] were in fact recommended by the selection committee:[1]
Manuel Urbano a.k.a. Manuel Conde (Film and Broadcast),
Lazaro Francisco (Literature), and
Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (Visual Arts, Painting, Sculpture and Mixed Media).
Non-inclusion of Ramon Santos[edit]
Protesters also lamented the dropping of musician Ramon Santos from the list of new National Artists. Philippine entertainment news website PEP says that a CCP official, who had asked not to be named, revealed that Santos actually won the most number of votes during the selection process. Lumbera verbalized dismay about the snubbing of Santos, saying:[10]
"What makes this even more outrageous is that Ramon Santos, who received a good number of votes in the panel selection, was dropped from the list. The basis for him being scrapped, one doesn't know"
The same report that quoted Lumbera also noted that "Santos still has not spoken about the whole brouhaha up to this day.[August 4, 2009]"[10]
Malacañang Honors Committee[edit]
Another aspect of the controversy regards the existence and of the Palace Honors committee which allegedly prepared the final list of nominees, which was eventually enacted by Arroyo.
Protesters claim that they were not aware of the existence of such a committee, and that at first, they had no idea who precisely were supposed to be on the committee.[11] According to them, nominating committees were made by the CCP and NCCA, and a final list of nominees was prepared by a joint committee. NCCA sub-commission on the arts head Ricardo de Ungria, one of the panelists involved in the selection process, insisted before a congressional committee meeting on the matter that the arts community “were never apprised of the existence of this animal since the start of the selection process this year or eight years ago.”[12]
According to Malacañang and to Cecille Guidote-Alvarez,however, the selection process had always involved the participation of three committees - those of the CCP, the NCCA and the Malacañang honors committee, whose head was Executive Secretary Eduardo Ermita.[12]
Prominent protestors[edit]
Living National Artists of the Philippines who have protested the proclamation of the four new National Artists include:
Eddie Romero[1]
F. Sionil Jose[6]
Arturo Luz[6]
Bienvenido Lumbera[1]
Virgilio Almario[6]
BenCab[6][13]
Salvador Bernal[6]
Other prominent critics include prominent Filipino Comic Book artist Gerry Alanguilan,[1][5] multiple Palanca Award laureate Lourd de Veyra,[1][8] Film Academy of the Philippines Director General Leo Martinez[9] (who had played a part in the original nomination process),[1] and blogging social critic Vicente Soria de Veyra who wrote a series of blog essays against "the myth of the national artist".[user-generated source?][self-published source?][14]
Defense[edit]
Arroyo Administration[edit]
The Arroyo administration was quick to defend its choices of individuals to be named to the Order of National Artists. Acting Executive Secretary and Presidential political adviser Gabriel Claudio told reporters that:[7]
"I think we can defend [their] track record and qualifications and reasons [for their selection].”
He also said the administration would “stand by the qualifications, qualities, track record and reputation of those named as National Artists.[7]”
Carlo J. Caparas[edit]
Caparas defended his proclamation, saying that other aspirants to the honor ought to wait their turn.[15]
“Ganyan talaga kung may something for grabs. E, iisa lang ang pipiliin. Sana, maghintay na lang sila ng tamang panahon sa gusto nilang manalo. Hindi naman ito palakasan.”(That's the way it is whenever something is for grabs. Only one person can be selected. They ought to wait for the right time for them if they want to win. It's not as if this were a case of sucking up.)
Kaya wag mag-alala ang mga critics ko, may pagkakataon pa sila o ang mga manok nila na manalo in the future. (So my critics shouldn't worry, they or their fighting cocks still have opportunities to win in the future.) They cannot take the award from me anymore."
“Baka ang nasa isip nila ay bata pa ako. Pero hindi naman ‘yon ang basehan. Sino naman ang ko-contest sa decision ng Cultural Center, ng NCCA at ng Malacañang tungkol sa award na ito? Mabuti na nga at ngayon pa lang ay ibinibigay na ang ganitong award sa mga taong nandito. Ang akala kasi nila ay sa matatanda o sa beterano o sa mga patay na ibinibigay ang ganitong award.” (Maybe they think I'm too young. But that's not a valid basis [for a choice]. Who would contest the decision of the Cultural Center, the NCCA, and Malacañang regarding this award? It's a good thing they're giving this award to someone who's still here. They think awards like this should only be given to the old, to veterans, or to the dead.)
Caparas said that instead of criticizing his award, entertainment people “should unite and work together to revive the ailing movie and komiks industry.”[15] He attributed his win to the fact that he managed to cross over from comic books to film and television, and saying that his triumph was significant because he was a National Artist who came from the working class. “I am a National Artist who came from the masses," the Philippine Daily Inquirer quoted him as saying. "I work and struggle with them.” He said it was time for a National Artist “who the masses can identify with—someone who walks beside them, someone who can inspire them.” Noting that some Filipinos did not even know the National Artists he said “Hopefully, since I am still active in TV and in the movies, this will encourage our countrymen to learn more about our National Artists.”[1]
Others who have come to his defense include Philippine Charity Sweepstakes Office (PCSO) director and former Movie and Television Review and Classification Board (MTRCB) chief Manoling Morato, Volunteers Against Crime and Corruption (VACC) head Dante Jimenez, boxer Manny Pacquiao, Senators Ramon Revilla Jr. and Jinggoy Estrada, Komisyon sa Wikang Filipino chair Joe Lad Santos, and Polytechnic University of the Philippines president Dante Guevarra.[16]
Cecilla Guidote-Alvarez[edit]
Guidote-Alvarez also defended her qualifications for receiving the award. “Before you make a judgment," she said, "read my achievements first as an artist. Was I an idiot before I became a national artist?"[2] As proof of her achievements, she cited previous awards, including the Ramon Magsaysay public service award for the arts, the CCP Gawad Sining Award for Literature, and the Outstanding Women in the Nation's Services award.[2][17] She also cited her important role in the development of Philippine theater, having founded the Philippine Educational Theatre Association (PETA) in 1967.[17] She asserted that the President had the prerogative to name national artists who were not named in the selection committee's shortlist, and denied lobbying for the award, saying that President Arroyo had “never talked to [her] about it."[2]
Significant events[edit]
On July 27, 2009, it was announced to the public that President Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo had named seven National Artists for 2009: National Commission on Culture and the Arts executive director Cecille Guidote Alvarez (theater); Manuel Conde (film and broadcast arts, posthumous); Lazaro Francisco (literature, posthumous); Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (visual arts in painting, sculpture and mixed media); Magno Jose Carlo Caparas (visual arts and film); Francisco Mañoza (architecture); and Jose "Pitoy" Moreno (fashion design).[4]
By August 1, 2009, it had been revealed by members of the final selection committee, comprising members from the NCCA and CCP, that only Conde, Alcuaz and Francisco had been short-listed by the selection committee in May. Alvarez, Caparas,Mañosa, and Moreno had been included via what was referred to as the "President’s prerogative". They also revealed that a fourth nominee, Ramon Santos (shortlisted for music), had not been conferred the order as recommended by committee – also supposedly part of the president's prerogative. Various artists' groups in the Philippines began to protest, notably the Concerned Artists of the Philippines. Over the next few days, previously conferred members of the Order of National Artists, notably Eddie Romero, F. Sionil Jose, Bienvenido Lumbera, Virgilio Almario, and BenCab[1][2] A number of members of the Comic Book industry, notably Gerry Alanguilan, also protested.[5]
Reactions[edit]
On August 6, Representatives Ana Theresia Hontiveros and Walden Bello of the Akbayan Party-list filed House Resolution 1305 at the Philippine House of Representatives, calling for a congressional inquiry into the controversy to make sure that the choice of national artists would not be subject to the “whims" of ranking government officials. Hontiveros noted:[18]
"Choosing national artists should fundamentally be about contribution in the arts and culture, not patronage or closeness to Malacañang. Choosing eminent symbols of Filipino arts and culture should be left in the hands of the arts community."
Also on August 15, the ABS CBN News Channel (ANC) hosted an episode of Cheche Lazaro's Media in Focus, in which the controversial awardees in the person of Caparas and Alavarez were supposed to face off with protesting artists in the person of National Artist Eddie Romero, CCP Chair Emily Abrera, Palanca Award Hall of Fame Awardee Butch Dalisay, and film critic Alexis Tioseco. The first segment of the show allowed Caparas and Dalisay to air their side, while Alvarez was unable to arrive in time to join the second part of a show, which would have had her on a panel with Romero and Abrera, who were protesting the circumstances of her proclamation to the order.[19]
On August 7, protesters gathered at the front ramp of the Cultural Center of the Philippines for a major protest action in the form of a mock “necrological service”. National Artists who joined the protesters were Napoleon Abueva (visual arts), Arturo Luz (visual arts), Ben Cabrera (visual arts), F. Sionil Jose (literature), Bienvenido Lumbera (literature), Virgilio Almario (literature) and Salvador Bernal (theater design). Relatives of deceased National Artists also participated in the event, with singer Celeste Legaspi representing her late father Cesar Legaspi (National Artist for visual arts), and Raul Locsin representing his late brother Leandro Locsin (National Artist for architecture). Protesters offered black roses "to symbolize the death of the National Artist Awards."[20]
During the protests, the Concerned Artists of the Philippines group, through its chair Lumbera informed the media that they “might seek court injunction" at the Supreme Court "against the proclamation of the new national artists."[21]
After the mock ceremony, participants continued the protest with a motorcade which ended at the offices of the NCCA, where Alvarez serves as head. This led to loud verbal confrontations between protesters and supporters of Alvarez.[22]
Petition with the Supreme Court[edit]
On August 19 a group of National Artists and supporters, led by National Artists for Literature Bienvenido Lumbera and Virgilio Almario, asked filed a 38-page petition at the Supreme Court "for prohibition, certiorari and injunction with prayer for restraining order to prevent the Palace from conferring the title to respondents," to stop "the release of the monetary benefits, entitlements and emoluments… to private respondents arising from such conferment," and the "holding of the acknowledgement ceremonies for their recognition."[23] The petition asserted that:
"For the President to cavalierly disregard the collective judgment of the CCP and NCCA boards, and substitute her own judgment without a clear indication of the reasons and bases, therefore, is an unacceptable and manifestly grave abuse of discretion."
On August 25 the Supreme Court issued a status quo order, stopping Malacañang from conferring the honor pending deliberation of the petition to disqualify Alvarez, Caparas, Mañosa, and Moreno. Supreme Court spokesman Jose Midas Marquez noted that: "The court saw the urgency to issue the status quo order and stop the conferment of the awards. It has the same affect [sic] as a temporary restraining order."[24]
The incident involving Caparas has also been the subject of vandalism in Wikipedia, where anonymous editors and newly registered accounts maliciously edited the article, substituting the titles with nonsensical ones containing Tagalog pejoratives.[25]
On August 31, 2009, Dalisay claimed in his column in The Philippine Star that the NCCA web page regarding the selection process for national artists had been changed:[26]
When I looked up the National Artists page on the NCCA website, the rules had suddenly changed — now there was a mention of Executive Order 236 empowering an Honors Committee to make up its own list of NA nominees to the President. That wasn’t there before the recent [National Artist] scandal blew up — neither the rule nor the role of the committee in the NAA process.
On September 14, 2009, the Philippines' House of Representatives began its committee inquiry into the National Artist controversy. In her testimony before the committee, CCP director and lawyer Lorna Kapunan alleged that the Malacañang honors committee had not actually held a meeting to deliberate on the nominees, and that minutes of the said meeting were therefore forged. Alvarez denied the allegations, and insisted that the selection process for National Artists of the Philippines had always involved the participation of three committees – those of the CCP, the NCCA and the Malacañang honors committee.[11][12]
On the same day, the CCP submitted to the Supreme Court its 31-page comment regarding the petition to disqualify the National Artists added by Malacañang to the list of nominees. The CCP reiterated its position that the four had not been in the original list of nominees. It also requested the Supreme Court to order the proclamation of its four original choices as 2009's National Artists.[27]
Aftermath[edit]
On July 16, 2013, the Supreme Court voided former President Arroyo's proclamations awarding National Artists to Alvarez, Caparas, Mañosa and Moreno, four years after the said proclamations. Arroyo inserted these names although they were not part of the recommendations created by the Cultural Center of the Philippines and the National Commission on Culture and Arts. The original nominees were Lazaro Francisco (literature), Dr. Ramon Santos (music), Manuel Conde (film and broadcast) and Federico Aguilar Alcuaz (visual arts, painting, sculpture and mixed media). The justices voted 12-1-2 that struck down the 4 proclamations.[3]
On June 20, 2014, Dr. Ramon Santos was named as one of six new National Artists.[28]
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s Kristine L. Alave, Bayani San Diego Jr (August 1, 2009). "Palace choices of 4 nat'l artists protested". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f g h i j Annie Ruth C. Sabangan (2009-08-01). "Fury over Arroyo's choice of national artists". GMANews.tv: The Official Website of GMA News and Public Affairs.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Merueñas (2013-07-16). "SC voids National Artist Award on Carlo Caparas, 3 others". GMA News and Public Affairs.
^ Jump up to: a b c TJ Burgonio (July 29, 2009). "Arroyo names 7 National Artists for '09". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on August 6, 2009. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gerry Alanguilan (2009). "Bottom Line: Carlo J. Caparas is NOT Qualified". Komikero Comics Journal. Komikero Comics Journal. Archived from the original on 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
^ Jump up to: a b c d e f Bong Godinez (2009). "Artists to stage protest against PGMA's appointed National Artist awardees". pep.com. Philippine Entertainment Portal. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
^ Jump up to: a b c d GMA News TV (2009). "Palace defends Carlo J's inclusion in National Artist award". GMA News and Public Affairs. Retrieved 2009-08-05.
^ Jump up to: a b Lourd Ernest de Veyra (2009). "Carlo J. All the Way". www.spot.ph. Archived from the original on 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2009-08-03.
^ Jump up to: a b Leo Martinez (2009). ""National Artist Award a Joke," says Leo Martinez, Film Academy Head". SPOT.PH: The Feed. SPOT.PH. Archived from the original on 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
^ Jump up to: a b Mark Angelo Ching (2009-08-04). "CCP: Malacañang bypassed rules of the selection process for National Artists". PEP.ph. Philippine Entertainment Portal. Archived from the original on 2009-08-14. Retrieved 2009-08-13.
^ Jump up to: a b Gil C. Cabacungan Jr. (2009-09-14). "NATIONAL ARTISTS ROW:Existence of Palace honors body questioned". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2009-09-15.
^ Jump up to: a b c Gil C. Cabacungan Jr., Norman Bordadora (2009-09-15). "Forgery alleged in picking Nat'l Artists: CCP exec says Palace honors panel never met". Philippine Daily Inquirer: 2. Archived from the original on 2009-09-17. Retrieved 2009-09-15.
Jump up ^ Benedicto Cabrera. "Statement from BenCab on the National Artist Brouhaha". SPOT.PH: The Feed. SPOT.PH. Archived from the original on 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2009-08-04.
Jump up ^ V.I.S. de Veyra's series of blog essays against the National Artist Award and other forms of state sponsorship in the arts, written in 2009, are here and here
^ Jump up to: a b Boy Villasanta (2009). "Caparas airs side on Nat'l Artist Award". ABS-CBN News Online. Archived from the original on 2009-08-06. Retrieved 2009-08-05.
Jump up ^ Jerry E. Esplanada (2009-08-16). "MORATO: Give me a Caparas to hang beside my Picasso". Philippine Daily Inquirer. Archived from the original on 2009-08-22. Retrieved 2009-08-16.
^ Jump up to: a b TJ Burgonio (2009-08-05). "Palace firm on choices of National Artists". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
Jump up ^ Johanna Camille L. Sisante (2009-08-06). "House probe looms over National Artist awards mess". GMANews.TV. GMA News and Public Affairs. Retrieved 2009-08-06.
Jump up ^ "Corruption of Culture?". Media in Focus. 2008-08-06.
Jump up ^ Rhodina Villanueva (2009-08-08). "National artists unite vs selection irregularities". The Philippine Star: 1.
Jump up ^ "Nat'l artist controversy may end up in SC". GMANews.TV. 2009-08-08. Retrieved 2009-08-13.
Jump up ^ Torres, Tetch (2009-08-07). "Shouting match erupts in artists protest". INQUIRER.net. Archived from the original on 2009-08-14. Retrieved 2009-08-13.
Jump up ^ Trina Lagura (2009-08-19). "SC asked to stop awards for Caparas et al". abs-cbn NEWS. abs-cbnNEWS.com. Archived from the original on 2009-09-07. Retrieved 2009-08-19.
Jump up ^ "SC stops conferment of Nat'l Artist awards". ABS CBN News Online Beta. ABS-CBNnews.com. 2009-08-25. Archived from the original on 2009-09-07. Retrieved 2009-08-25.
Jump up ^ Blog entry detailing the Caparas vandalism incident
Jump up ^ Butch Dalisay (2009-08-31). "PENMAN: Tampering with the evidence". The Philippine Star. Archived from the original on 2009-09-12. Retrieved 2009-09-10.
Jump up ^ Norman Bordadora (2009-09-14). "Allow 4 nat'l artists' proclamation, SC asked". Philippine Daily Inquirer.
Jump up ^ Palace declares new National Artists, Nora Aunor didn't make it. Philippine Daily Inquirer (21 June 2014)
[show]
v
t
e
National Artists of the Philippines
Pambansang Alagad ng Sining ng Pilipinas
Architecture
1973 Juan Nakpil
1976 Pablo Antonio
1990 Leandro Locsin
2003 Ildefonso P. Santos Jr.
2014 Jose Maria Zaragosa
Cinema
1982 Gerardo de León
1991 Ishmael Bernal
1997 Lino Brocka
2003 Eddie Romero
2006 Fernando Poe Jr.
2009 Manuel Conde
Dance
1973 Francisca R. Aquino
1976 Leonor Orosa
1988 Lucrecia Reyes
2006 Ramon Obusan
2014 Alice Reyes
Fashion
2006 Ramon Valera
Historical literature
1997 Carlos Quirino
Literature
1973 Jose Garcia Villa
1973 Amado V. Hernandez
1976 Nick Joaquin
1982 Carlos P. Romulo
1990 Francisco Arcellana
1990 N. V. M. Gonzalez
1992 Rolando Tinio
1999 Edith Tiempo
2001 F. Sionil José
2003 Virgilio S. Almario
2003 Alejandro Roces
2006 Bienvenido Lumbera
2009 Lazaro Francisco
2014 Cirilo F. Bautista
Music
1973 Antonio Molina
1976 Jovita Fuentes
1987 Atang de la Rama
1988 Antonio Buenaventura
1988 Lucrecia Kasilag
1991 Lucio D. San Pedro
1997 Levi Celerio
1997 Felipe de Leon
1997 José Maceda
1999 Ernani Cuenco
1999 Andrea Veneracion
2014 Ramon Santos
2014 Francisco Feliciano
Theater and films
1976 Lamberto V. Avellana
1997 Wilfrido Ma. Guerrero
1997 Rolando Tinio
1999 Daisy Avellana
2001 Severino Montano
2003 Salvador Bernal
Visual arts
1972 Fernando Amorsolo
1973 Botong Francisco
1973 Guillermo Tolentino
1976 Napoleon Abueva
1976 Victorio C. Edades
1981 Vicente Manansala
1990 Cesar Legaspi
1991 Hernando R. Ocampo
1997 Arturo R. Luz
1999 J. Elizalde Navarro
2001 Ang Kiukok
2003 José T. Joya
2006 BenCab Cabrera
2006 Abdulmari Asia Imao
2009 Federico Aguilar Alcuaz
2014 Francisco Coching
National Commission for Culture and the Arts
Cultural Center of the Philippines
National Arts Center
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Controversies in the Philippines
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text:
They Think It's All Over (TV series)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
They Think It's All Over
Genre
Comedy panel game
Created by
Bill Matthews
Simon Bullivant
Presented by
Des Lynam
Nick Hancock
Lee Mack
Starring
Team Captains
David Gower
Gary Lineker
Phil Tufnell
David Seaman
Ian Wright
Boris Becker
Regular Panellists
Rory McGrath
Lee Hurst
Jonathan Ross
Sean Lock
Country of origin
United Kingdom
No. of series
19
No. of episodes
154 (list of episodes)
Production
Running time
30 minutes
Production company(s)
Talkback (1995–2005)
Talkback Thames (2006)
Distributor
FremantleMedia
Release
Original network
BBC Radio 5 (1992–94)
BBC1 (1995–2006)
Picture format
4:3 (1995–2000)
16:9 (2001–2006)
Original release
14 September 1995 (1995-09-14) – 9 June 2006 (2006-06-09)
They Think It's All Over is a British comedy panel game with a sporting theme produced by Talkback and shown on BBC1. The show's name is taken from Kenneth Wolstenholme's famous 1966 World Cup commentary quotation, "they think it's all over...it is now!" and the show used the phrase to sign off each episode. In 2006 the show was axed after 11 years on-air.[1]
Contents
[hide]
1 Overview
1.1 Rounds
1.2 Tie-Breakers
2 Episodes
3 DVD and video releases
3.1 DVD
3.2 Video
4 Other releases
5 References
6 External links
Overview[edit]
The show was originally presented by comedian Nick Hancock. Ex-England football team captain Gary Lineker and ex-England cricket team captain David Gower were team captains from 1995 until they announced their retirement from the show in 2003. They were replaced as team captains by ex-England football goalkeeper David Seaman and ex-England cricketer Phil Tufnell. Former footballer Ian Wright took over from David Seaman in autumn 2004. From October 2005, Boris Becker replaced Tufnell and Lee Mack took over from Hancock as host.
Occasionally, a team captain was unable to appear on the show due to other commitments so guest captains were drafted in. Six times World Snooker Champion Steve Davis was a regular choice as guest captain, while Matthew Pinsent, Mark Lawrenson, Mick McCarthy, Sam Torrance, Steve Backley, Sharron Davies, Linford Christie and Michael Johnson also appeared in this role. Additionally, Ian Wright was a guest captain before becoming a permanent team captain.
Each team also had a regular panellist. For the team which was originally captained by Gary Lineker this was Rory McGrath for the show's entire run. David Gower was originally teamed up with Lee Hurst. Hurst left the show in 1997 (although he made a reappearance in 2004 on David Seaman's team) and was replaced for the next two series by a rotating line-up of comedians – Jonathan Ross, Jo Brand, Alan Davies, Julian Clary and Phill Jupitus. Despite regularly admitting to having limited sporting knowledge, Ross became the permanent panellist until leaving the show in 2006, and was replaced by Sean Lock for the World Cup and summer sports special editions. The third member of each team varied from week to week, and would typically be a notable sportsperson, broadcaster or comedian.
The show was originally produced for BBC Radio 5, where it was hosted by Des Lynam. The devisers, Simon Bullivant and Bill Matthews, started work on a TV version in 1993 but it was two years before it made it to air. Des Lynam did record a pilot in early 1994 but decided not to do the already commissioned series, which was then put on hold.
In 1999 and 2001, as part of the BBC's Comic Relief broadcasts, one-off special programmes were made called Have I Got Buzzcocks All Over. They combined elements of the show with Have I Got News for You and Never Mind the Buzzcocks, with Angus Deayton as host.
Kenneth Wolstenholme was unhappy with the use of the phrase for the title of the show.[2] He wrote in his autobiography that he had contacted the BBC to find out what relevance the title had to his most famous line, uttered 30 years earlier. However, when the show was first commissioned, he did accept a fee to re-record his famous commentary for the opening titles, as the original was unusable.
Rounds[edit]
Throughout the series, the rounds varied each week. Examples include:
Excuses, where the teams are shown a clip of a sportsperson or a team, and are asked what excuse they gave for a sporting or personal misdemeanour. Examples include Tommy Docherty explaining that Scotland lost 7–0 in the 1954 World Cup to Uruguay because "they were shattered just standing for the National Anthem", and Scottish tennis player Andy Murray claimed that he vomited on the court at the US Open in 2005 because he'd been drinking an isotonic drink to stop him from cramping, but he drank too much too quickly. On a special edition video-only episode of No Holds Barred, Gary's team was asked for Tommy Docherty's excuse for Manchester United's infamous relegation of 1973–74, with Lineker's answer "He wanted to bring pleasure to millions?". Another edition of the excuses round saw the 1992 Manchester United team blame Rod Stewart for ruining their Old Trafford pitch at a concert a week before the season ended. Even though the gig was on 7 June 1991, a full year earlier.[3]
Celebrations, where the teams are shown a clip of a sportsperson celebrating in a fanciful way, and are asked what the celebration is in aid of. Examples include Arsenal striker Thierry Henry celebrating a goal by recreating the Budweiser "Whassup?" advert, and Manchester United midfielder Lee Sharpe celebrating a goal by recreating a pose of his boyhood hero Elvis Presley. One of the more memorable reactions to not winning this round occurred when Matthew Corbett and Sooty were guests and when denied points, Sooty went on to squirt Nick in the face with a water pistol.
Sporting Bluff, in which the teams are given three statements about a sportsperson and have to guess which one is true.
What's Going On?, where the teams are shown a sporting clip and are asked to decipher what's going on, quite literally. Examples include former cricket umpire Dickie Bird taking part in a photo opportunity with the Yorkshire players picked for the England cricket team, dressed in a chef's outfit and cooking them Yorkshire puddings, and serial practical joker (and Eric Cantona lookalike) Karl Power joining the Manchester United team for a photo before a Champions League match in 2001.
Photo-fit, where the teams are shown a picture of three sportspersons merged into one. The teams then have to guess who they are. Sometimes after the sportspersons are revealed, they are asked for the connection between them for a bonus point. On many occasions, Rory McGrath liked to joke that he recognised the person in the photo as an ex-girlfriend he'd previously had sexual encounters with.
Author Author, in which the teams hear an extract from a sporting autobiography and attempt to identify the author. Quotes include former Liverpool F.C. manager Gérard Houllier on why he turns down offers of international coaching and a quote from athlete Roger Black's autobiography on his admiration of David Gower.
Sing When You're Winning, in which the teams must complete the lyrics to a chant performed by football fans or the Barmy Army. A memorable moment from this round saw Chris Eubank complete a poem by the Barnsley F.C. poet, with the line "I'm having a laugh", when the line was "We'll be champions come May".
Handbags, where the teams must work out the reasons for a rift between sportspersons. Examples of rifts include football team Peterborough United F.C. and Victoria Beckham over the rights to use the nickname "Posh", and athlete David Bedford and communications company InfoNXX over the 118 118 runners looking like him.
Grandstand, in which the teams are shown a bizarre multi-sport event and are asked to come up with events played in them. These include the Eskimo Olympics, the Naked Olympics and the Tough Guy Sports.
The Treble, where the teams are shown three sportspersons and three items, and have to link each sportsperson to an item.
The Beckham Challenge, where the teams are asked an on-the-buzzer question about David Beckham and his family. The first team to get the answer right gets further bonus questions, similar to University Challenge. This was later changed to having separate questions for each team. Variants to this round include Sven-Mania (with questions about then-England manager Sven-Göran Eriksson), Rooney-Mania (with questions about Wayne Rooney) and Gaffer-Mania (with questions about football managers in general).
Electronic Pencil, where the teams are shown a brief sporting clip, which is then paused, or a doctored photo of a sportsperson with items removed. The teams use the electronic pencil to predict the direction of the athlete or the ball, or what the missing items were. The round was dropped after series 2 but revived for the 100th show in 2001.
Injury Board, in which the teams pick a number between 1 and 12. Behind each number is a sports person and another person or item. The teams try to work out how the latter injured the former. Examples include Newbury rugby club and some Vaseline (to which guest Julian Clary suggested "maybe there was sand in it,") and Dennis Wise and a toilet seat. This round was also a parody of A Question of Sport, another BBC TV quiz show.
Feel The Sportsman, one of the most popular rounds of the show, in which the regular panellists have to try to identify a mystery guest, or their sporting notability, by touch whilst blindfolded. Guests subjected to a groping include Will Carling, Ashia Hansen, Victor Ubogu, Jonah Lomu (who infamously appeared minutes after Chris Eubank expressed his dislike for him), Andy Fordham, Manc Union Paintball Team, Arsenal Women's Football Team (which Rory guessed right on the whistle), Aylesbury United F.C. in their infamous 1995 FA Cup conga goal celebration. One notable variant in 2001 saw the regulars feeling an animal, having been shown a clip of Sven-Göran Eriksson on the Italian version of the show in a "Feel the Animal" round. David Gower and Jonathan Ross correctly guessed their animal (a zebra) but Gary Lineker and Rory McGrath failed to get theirs (an alligator – they failed to even touch it), with McGrath removing his blindfold and running off the set in panic. Another famous example involved a slight change in the rules, in that Sharron Davies, who was a guest (rather than a regular) contestant took part in the feeling. The sportsman was her then husband Derek Redmond, whom she recognised.
Claim To Fame, introduced in 2005, saw a sportsperson subjected to a line of questioning by the panel to determine their claim to fame. Mystery people include Paul Barber (a member of the gold medal winning British 1988 Olympic hockey team), Judy Grinham (gold medal winning 100m backstroke swimmer at the 1956 Olympics) and Tommy Gemmell, from the Celtic European Cup winning team of 1967.
The Physical Challenge, where the teams are subject to displaying their physique on an exercise bike, tricycle or other exercise apparatus. The harder they pedal, the faster an image appears on screen, and the teams must name the image before moving onto the next one. The team captain starts off before a klaxon is sounded, then the regular sidekick takes over.
The Name Game, in which the regular sidekick has to give clues about a famous sportsperson for the other team members to guess. Variants include the sidekick having to draw the clues, giving clues as to team names and performing impressions mimes of the sportsperson. One famous incident in this round saw Rory get a point deduction for giving clues like "Same first name as Ian Rush, same last name as Ian Botham". Rory also got away with pretending Gary gave an answer when he didn't, by saying "That's right, speak up!". He also criticised the media hype over Ryan Giggs's winning FA Cup semi-final goal against Arsenal, by giving the clue "Welsh football player, scored what is probably the most overrated goal of the season".
Sporting Vogue, introduced in 2005, where the team captain has to strike a famous pose by a sportsperson for their teammates to guess.
School Sports Day, shown only on the video-exclusive No Holds Barred episode, was a pre-recorded segment featuring the regulars participating in a school sports day at King's College School as though it was covered by Grandstand, with Nick as the presenter and Gerald Sinstadt as the commentator. The events were the Egg-and-spoon race, the Three-legged race, the Egg Catching (with England cricketer Nasser Hussain throwing the eggs), the Obstacle course and the Sack race. Although Gary won the individual contest, David's team earned more points in the sports day and back in the studio were awarded one point for their efforts.
Grand Prix, shown only on the video-exclusive Full Throttle episode, was another pre-recorded segment featuring the regulars participating in a six-lap race in "Formula 27 dinky cars" at Silverstone, using similar on-screen graphics to Formula 1 coverage on ITV at the time (even breaking into a "commercial break" for the No Holds Barred video near to the climax of the race, only to return just before Lee span off the track, which was ripping on ITV holding commercial breaks during key moments in the races), and a commentator imitating Murray Walker. Lee and David raced in Williams-coloured cars, while Gary and Rory raced in Jordan-coloured cars. Lee span out on the final lap and was disqualified. David won the race, winning 10 points for his team. Gary and Rory finished joint second, winning 5 points each, thus leading to Nick back in the studio declaring the race "a complete waste of a day".
Tie-Breakers[edit]
All episodes ending with a tie score or series ending with the number of episodes tied finish with a tie-breaker. Sometimes, the tie-breaker refers to incidents from previously in the episode. These have included:
A sports general knowledge question, sometimes from the quiz books endorsed by team captains Gary Lineker or David Gower.
An episode featuring England cricket captain Nasser Hussain ended with Nick tossing a coin and getting Nasser, who had previous bad luck with coin tosses, to call Heads or Tails.
A game of musical chairs featuring the regulars.
A mechanical bull or surfboard, which the panellists (usually Jonathan Ross versus Rory McGrath, or Jonathan versus his brother Paul in the surfboard example) ride, with the panellist who stays on for the longest before falling off winning.
A game of round-the-table table tennis between all the panellists.
An arm-wrestling match between David and Gary.
A "pseudo sumo" match between David and Gary, with the two captains in inflatable sumo suits.
A race between David and Gary on tea trays with wheels, in honour of British Winter Olympic bronze medallist skeleton racer Alex Coomber
A wrestling match in a pool of mashed potato between David and Gary, with the audience cheering for who they thought won.
A coconut shy-type game where, following a dressing room incident between Alex Ferguson and David Beckham where Ferguson reportedly kicked a football boot which hit Beckham in the head, all the panellists took turns to kick a football boot at cardboard cut-outs of Beckham's face.
A toy fishing game between Phil Tufnell and David Seaman.
A game of blow football between Boris Becker and Ian Wright.
Episodes[edit]
Main article: List of They Think It's All Over episodes
DVD and video releases[edit]
DVD[edit]
The Very Best of They Think Its All Over – 10th Anniversary (2005)
The Very Best of They Think Its All Over Interactive DVD Game (2007)
Video[edit]
They Think It's All Over – No Holds Barred (1996)
They Think It's All Over – Full Throttle (aka Grand Prixxx) (1997)
They Think It's All Over – Below The Belt (aka Off The Bone) (1998)
They Think It's All Over – Complete (1999) – Existing No Holds Barred and Full Throttle videos re-packaged as a double video set.
They Think It's All Over- Ungentlemanly Conduct (aka New Balls) (2000)
Other releases[edit]
The "They Think It's All Over" Annual (1997) – an annual which parodied the style of children's comic annuals.
They Think It's All Over (1998) – audiobook highlights compilation, part of the Canned Laughter series of releases.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ BBC press office
Jump up ^ Starmer-Smith, Charles (26 March 2002). "Class of '66 pay tribute to voice of football". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved 27 April 2012.
Jump up ^ http://www.setlist.fm/setlist/rod-stewart/1991/old-trafford-football-stadium-manchester-england-3d491af.html
External links[edit]
They Think It's All Over at UKGameshows.com
They Think It's All Over at TV.com
They Think It's All Over on IMDb
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text:
Proof of Life
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article is about the film. For other uses, see Proof of Life (disambiguation).
Proof of Life
Theatrical release poster
Directed by
Taylor Hackford
Produced by
Taylor Hackford
Charles Mulvehill
Written by
Tony Gilroy
Starring
Meg Ryan
Russell Crowe
David Morse
David Caruso
Gottfried John
Music by
Danny Elfman
Cinematography
Sławomir Idziak
Edited by
Sheldon Kahn
John Smith
Production
company
Castle Rock Entertainment
Bel-Air Entertainment
Anvil Films
Distributed by
Warner Bros. Pictures
Release date
December 4, 2000 (2000-12-04) (United States)
Running time
135 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Italian
Spanish
Budget
$65 million[1]
Box office
$62.8 million[1]
Proof of Life is a 2000 American action thriller film directed and produced by Taylor Hackford. The title refers to a phrase commonly used to indicate proof that a kidnap victim is still alive. The film's screenplay was written by Tony Gilroy, who also was a co-executive producer, and was inspired by William Prochnau's Vanity Fair magazine article "Adventures in the Ransom Trade",[2][3] and Thomas Hargrove's book The Long March to Freedom [4] in which Hargrove recounts how his release was negotiated by Thomas Clayton, who went on to be the founder of kidnap-for-ransom consultancy Clayton Consultants, Inc.
The film stars Meg Ryan and Russell Crowe. During production, the two lead actors had a romantic affair. At the time, Ryan was married to Dennis Quaid, but the two divorced in 2001. The film garnered much reportage in the tabloid press in association with the lead actors' affair.[5] The film is dedicated to Will Gaffney, an actor who was David Morse' stand-in. He was killed in an on-set accident during a scene in which Morse was not available, due to a family illness.[6]
Contents
[hide]
1 Plot
2 Cast
3 Background
3.1 Tecala
4 Release
5 Reception
5.1 Critical response
5.2 Awards
6 See also
7 References
8 External links
Plot[edit]
Alice Bowman (Meg Ryan) moves to the (fictional) South American country of Tecala because her engineer husband, Peter Bowman (David Morse), has been hired to help build a new dam for oil company Quad Carbon. Though Alice is unhappy at this most recent move, she agrees to stay. While driving one morning through the city, Peter is caught in traffic and then ambushed and abducted by guerrilla rebels of the Liberation Army of Tecala (ELT). Believing that Peter is working on Quad Carbon's oil pipeline, ELT soldiers lead him through the jungle.
Terry Thorne (Russell Crowe), a former member of the British Special Air Service, arrives in Tecala fresh from a successful hostage rescue in Chechnya. As an expert negotiator in kidnapping-and-ransom cases, he is assigned by his company, Luthan Risk, to bargain for Peter's safe return. Unfortunately, it is learned that Quad Carbon is on the verge of bankruptcy and takeover, and therefore has no insurance coverage for kidnapping, so they cannot afford Thorne's services. Despite Alice's pleas to stay, Thorne leaves the country. Alice is then assigned a corrupt local hostage negotiator, who immediately urges her to pay the ELT's first ransom demand: a $50,000 "good faith" payment. Not knowing what to do, Alice agrees, but the transaction is stopped by Thorne who (due to his conscience) has returned to help. He is aided by Dino (David Caruso), a competing negotiator and ex–Green Beret. Over the next few months, Thorne uses a radio to speak with an ELT contact, and the two argue over terms for Peter's release—including a ransom payment that Alice can afford. Thorne and Alice bond through the ordeal, forming an implicit attraction. They eventually negotiate a sum of $650,000.
Meanwhile, Peter has become a prisoner at the ELT's jungle base camp. There, he befriends another hostage named Kessler (Gottfried John)—a missionary and former member of the French Foreign Legion—who has lived in the camp for nineteen months. The two concoct an escape plan, but during their attempt they are quickly tracked by the ELT. Kessler falls into a river after being shot in the shoulder and manages to escape, but Peter steps on a trap and is recaptured. Kessler is found and hospitalized. In the hospital he claims he heard a gunshot at the time Peter was recaptured, and thus believes he is dead. Thorne can not believe this, but his ELT contact refuses to respond to his calls. Luckily, one of Alice's young maids recognized his voice over the radio and reveals he is a government official. Thorne goes to a parade ceremony and confronts the contact; he confirms that Peter is indeed alive, but because of the ELT's escalating war with the government and Peter's knowledge of the terrain, the ELT will no longer negotiate.
At Thorne's urging Alice convinces the Tecala government that the ELT is mounting an attack on the pipeline being built through their territory. This forces the government army to mobilize, thus forcing a bulk of the camp's ELT troops to mobilize for a counter-attack. Thorne, Dino, and several associates are then inserted by helicopter and raid the weakened ELT base. They overcome the camp's soldiers, free Peter and another hostage, and then fly back to the city, where Alice happily reunites with her husband. Thorne and Alice share a final intimate moment before the latter departs with Peter on an immediate flight to the U.S.
Cast[edit]
Meg Ryan as Alice Bowman
Russell Crowe as Terry Thorne
David Morse as Peter Bowman
Pamela Reed as Janis Goodman
David Caruso as Dino
Anthony Heald as Ted Fellner
Michael Byrne as Lord Luthan
Stanley Anderson as Jerry
Gottfried John as Eric Kessler
Alun Armstrong as Wyatt
Michael Kitchen as Ian Havery
Margo Martindale as Ivy
Mario Ernesto Sánchez as Arturo Fernandez
Pietro Sibille as Juaco
Vicky Hernández as Maria
Norma Martínez as Norma
Carlos Blanchard as Carlos
Rowena King as Pamela
Diego Trujillo as Eliodoro
Background[edit]
Although the producers wanted to film in Colombia, due to the dangers that guerrillas posed in that country at the time, the movie was mainly filmed in Ecuador. The large piles of money used to pay for the rescue were sucres, the Ecuadorian national currency at the time of the filming. Tecala's geographic and urban appearance and its political characteristics were based loosely on a mix of several Andean countries.
The ELT's characterization appears to be primarily based on the Revolutionary Armed Forces of Colombia (FARC). Coincidentally, Colombia's second largest guerrilla group is the Ejército de Liberación Nacional or ELN.
Control Risks, a risk consulting firm, was hired to provide security for the cast and crew while filming on location. The firm also served as inspiration for kidnap and ransom consulting seen in the film.[7]
The movie end credit and post-script says: "Inspired by the VANITY FAIR article 'Adventures in the Ransom Trade' by William Prochnau and by the book Long March to Freedom by Thomas Hargrove.
Tecala[edit]
The Republic of Tecala, where most of Proof of Life is set, is a fictional South American country. Tecala has long been the scene of an internal conflict between its government forces and the Liberation Army of Tecala (ELT). The ELT was originally a Marxist guerrilla group supported by the Soviet Union, but after the Soviet Union's dissolution in 1991, the ELT's primary source of funding fell through, and they began kidnapping people for ransom to fund their operations. A map seen in the film is that of Ecuador. The country's capital Quito was chosen along with the eastern jungle and the nearby city of Baños de Agua Santa in the Ecuadorian Andes.
Release[edit]
The film opened in wide release in the United States on December 8, 2000 for 2,705 screens. The opening weekend's gross was $10,207,869 and the total receipts for the U.S. run were $32,598,931. The international box-office receipts were $30,162,074, for total receipts of $62,761,005. The film was in wide release in the U.S. for twelve weeks (eighty days). In its widest release, the film was featured in 2,705 theaters across the country.[1]
Reception[edit]
Critical response[edit]
Stephen Holden, film critic for The New York Times, did not think the film worked well and opined that the actors did not connect. He wrote, "[the film displays] a gaping lack of emotional connection among the characters in a romantic triangle that feels conspicuously unromantic... what ultimately sinks this stylish but heartless film is a flat lead performance by the eternally snippy Meg Ryan... Ms. Ryan expresses no inner conflict, nor much of anything else beyond a mounting tension. Even when her wide blue eyes well up with tears, the pain she conveys is more the frustration of a little girl who has misplaced her doll than any deep, empathetic suffering."[8]
Critic David Ansen gave the film a mixed review, writing,
Taylor Hackford's thriller Proof of Life leaves a lot to be desired, but it's got its hands on a fascinating subject...To be fair, Tony Gilroy's screenplay keeps the romance on the back burner...Thorne is the most compelling aspect of Proof of Life, thanks to Crowe's quiet, hard-bitten charisma. It's a part Bogart once would have played—the amoral tough guy who rises to the moral occasion—and Crowe gives it just the right note of gravel-voiced masculinity. But neither Crowe, Ryan nor the topical subject keeps Proof of Life from feeling recycled. For all the up-to-the-minute research, the movie still gives off the musty scent of Hollywood contrivance.[9]
Review aggregator Rotten Tomatoes gives the film an approval rating of 40% based on 115 reviews; the average rating is 5.3/10. The consensus is: "Despite its promising premise and superstar cast, Proof of Life is just a routine thriller that doesn't offer anything new."[10]
Awards[edit]
The film was nominated for four Blockbuster Entertainment Awards; Favorite Actor – Suspense, Favorite Actress - Suspense, Favorite Supporting Actress – Suspense and Favorite Supporting Actress – Suspense. Danny Elfman was also nominated for a Satellite Award for Best Original Score at the 5th Golden Satellite Awards, but lost out to Gladiator (Hans Zimmer).
Award
Category
Nominee
Result
Blockbuster Entertainment Awards Favorite Actor – Suspense Russell Crowe Nominated
Favorite Actress - Suspense Meg Ryan
Favorite Supporting Actor – Suspense David Caruso
Favorite Supporting Actress – Suspense Pamela Reed
Satellite Awards Best Original Score Danny Elfman Nominated
See also[edit]
Colombian armed conflict
Kidnappings in Colombia
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c "Proof of Life". The Numbers. Retrieved November 23, 2007.
Jump up ^ Prochnau, William (May 1998). "Adventures in the Ransom Trade". Vanity Fair (453): 134–144. ISSN 0733-8899.
Jump up ^ Prochnau, William. "Adventures in the ransom trade" at Mmegi Online
Jump up ^ Proof of Life on IMDb
Jump up ^ Meg Ryan. Hollywood.com, 2007. Retrieved: December 30, 2007.
Jump up ^ Noel Murray (June 23, 2008). "David Morse". The A.V. Club.
Jump up ^ Prochnau, William (December 2000). "Jungle Fever". Premiere Magazine.
Jump up ^ Holden, Stephen (December 8, 2000). "Where Cynicism Rules, Integrity Can Be Heroic". The New York Times.
Jump up ^ Ansen, David (December 11, 2000). "Hostage Heat". Newsweek. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
Jump up ^ "Proof of Life". Rotten Tomatoes. Flixster. Retrieved December 1, 2012.
External links[edit]
Proof of Life on IMDb
Proof of Life at AllMovie
Proof of Life film trailer on YouTube
[show]
v
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Films directed by Taylor Hackford
Teenage Father (1978)
The Idolmaker (1980)
An Officer and a Gentleman (1982)
Against All Odds (1984)
White Nights (1985)
Hail! Hail! Rock 'n' Roll (1987)
Everybody's All-American (1988)
Blood In Blood Out (1993)
Dolores Claiborne (1995)
The Devil's Advocate (1997)
Proof of Life (2000)
Ray (2004)
Love Ranch (2010)
Parker (2013)
The Comedian (2016)
[show]
v
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Films by Tony Gilroy
Director
Michael Clayton (2007)
Duplicity (2009)
The Bourne Legacy (2012)
Screenwriter
The Cutting Edge (1992)
Dolores Claiborne (1995)
Extreme Measures (1996)
The Devil's Advocate (1997)
Armageddon (1998)
Bait (2000)
Proof of Life (2000)
The Bourne Identity (2002)
The Bourne Supremacy (2004)
The Bourne Ultimatum (2007)
Michael Clayton (2007)
State of Play (2009)
Duplicity (2009)
The Bourne Legacy (2012)
The Great Wall (2016)
Rogue One (2016)
High Wire Act (2017)
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Monkey's uncle
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
The term monkey's uncle, most notably seen in the idiom "(well) I'll be a monkey's uncle", is used to express complete surprise, amazement or disbelief.[1] It can also be used to acknowledge the impossibility of a situation, in the same way that "pigs might fly" is used. An example is if one says: "I may agree that if two plus two equals five, then I am a monkey's uncle". "I'll be a monkey's uncle" has been said to date from after 1925, the date of the widely publicized Scopes Trial in the United States, where the term first appears.[2] The Oxford English Dictionary's earliest example is the phrase If that's a joke I'm a monkey's uncle, from an Ohio newspaper on 8 February 1925.[3] It was originally a sarcastic remark made by creationists.[4] The notion "that [people] were descended from apes was considered blasphemous...by Darwin's contemporaries", and it was for this reason that the sarcastic phrase came into use.[5]
Michael Quinion notes that the phrase Monkey's uncle occurs in a parody of Longfellow's The Song of Hiawatha which was reprinted in James Parton's The Humorous Poetry of the English Language, published in 1881, and observes This may be just an accident of invention, but the date fits.[6] Monkey's Uncle is the name of a song by the Selecter on their album Reel to Real criticizing religious dogma that contradicts scientific evidence.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "I'll be a monkey's uncle! - Idioms". Idioms.thefreedictionary.com. Retrieved 2011-12-03.
Jump up ^ Lennox, Doug. Now You Know Big Book of Answers 2 Now You Know Big Book of Answers 2 Check |url= value (help). p. 83. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Monkey, noun: 9". Oxford English Dictionary. Retrieved 2011-12-06. 1925 Elyria (Ohio) Chronicle Telegram 8 Feb., If that's a joke I'm a monkey's uncle. Available online to subscribers, and also in print
Jump up ^ "A Monkey's Uncle". BBC. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ Arden, John Boghosian. Science, theology, and consciousness: the search for unity. Retrieved December 7, 2011.
Jump up ^ Quinion, MIchael (1 January 2005). "Monkey's Uncle". World Wide Words. Retrieved 6 December 2011.
This vocabulary-related article is a stub. You can help Wikipedia by expanding it.
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