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List of woods
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This is a list of woods, in particular those most commonly used in the timber and lumber trade.
Contents
[hide]
1 Softwoods (coniferous)
2 Hardwoods (angiosperms)
3 Hardwoods (monocotyledons)
4 See also
5 References
6 External links
Softwoods (coniferous)[edit]
Araucaria
Hoop pine (Araucaria cunninghamii)
Monkey puzzle tree (Araucaria araucana)
Paraná pine (Araucaria angustifolia)
Cedar (Cedrus)
Celery-top pine (Phyllocladus aspleniifolius)
Cypress (Chamaecyparis, Cupressus, Taxodium)
Arizona cypress (Cupressus arizonica)
Bald cypress, southern cypress (Taxodium distichum)
Alerce (Fitzroya cupressoides)
Hinoki cypress (Chamaecyparis obtusa)
Lawson's cypress (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana)
Mediterranean cypress (Cupressus sempervirens)
Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii)
Coast Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. menziesii)
Rocky Mountain Douglas-fir (Pseudotsuga menziesii var. glauca)
European yew (Taxus baccata)
Fir (Abies)
Balsam fir (Abies balsamea)
Silver fir (Abies alba)
Noble fir (Abies procera)
Pacific silver fir (Abies amabilis)
Hemlock (Tsuga)
Eastern hemlock (Tsuga canadensis)
Mountain hemlock (Tsuga mertensiana)
Western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla)
Huon pine, Macquarie pine (Lagarostrobos franklinii)
Kauri (New Zealand) (Agathis australis)
Queensland kauri (Australia) (Agathis robusta)
Japanese nutmeg-yew, kaya (Torreya nucifera)
Larch (Larix)
European larch (Larix decidua)
Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi)
Tamarack (Larix laricina)
Western larch (Larix occidentalis)
Pine (Pinus)
European black pine (Pinus nigra)
Jack pine (Pinus banksiana)
Lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta)
Monterey pine (Pinus radiata)
Ponderosa pine (Pinus ponderosa)
Red pine (North America) (Pinus resinosa)
Scots pine, red pine (UK) (Pinus sylvestris)
White pine
Eastern white pine (Pinus strobus)
Western white pine (Pinus monticola)
Sugar pine (Pinus lambertiana)
Southern yellow pine
Loblolly pine (Pinus taeda)
Longleaf pine (Pinus palustris)
Pitch pine (Pinus rigida)
Shortleaf pine (Pinus echinata)
Red cedar
Eastern red cedar, (Juniperus virginiana)
Western red cedar (Thuja plicata)
Coast redwood (Sequoia sempervirens)
Rimu (Dacrydium cupressinum)
Spruce (Picea)
Norway spruce (Picea abies)
Black spruce (Picea mariana)
Red spruce (Picea rubens)
Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis)
White spruce (Picea glauca)
Sugi (Cryptomeria japonica)
White cedar
Northern white cedar (Thuja occidentalis)
Atlantic white cedar (Chamaecyparis thyoides)
Nootka cypress (Cupressus nootkatensis)
Hardwoods (angiosperms)[edit]
Abachi (Triplochiton scleroxylon)
Acacia (Acacia sp.)
African padauk (Pterocarpus soyauxii)
Afzelia, doussi (Afzelia africana)
Agba, tola (Gossweilerodendron balsamiferum)
Alder (Alnus)
Black alder (Alnus glutinosa)
Red alder (Alnus rubra)
American chestnut (Castanea dentata)
Ash (Fraxinus)
Black ash (Fraxinus nigra)
Blue ash (Fraxinus quadrangulata)
Common ash (Fraxinus excelsior)
Green ash (Fraxinus pennsylvanica)
Oregon ash (Fraxinus latifolia)[1]
Pumpkin ash (Fraxinus profunda) [1]
White ash (Fraxinus americana)
Aspen (Populus)
Bigtooth aspen (Populus grandidentata)
European aspen (Populus tremula)
Quaking aspen (Populus tremuloides)
Australian red cedar (Toona ciliata)
Ayan, movingui (Distemonanthus benthamianus)[2]
Balsa (Ochroma pyramidale)
Basswood, linden
American basswood (Tilia americana)[1]
White basswood (Tilia heterophylla)[1]
American beech (Fagus grandifolia)
Birch (Betula)
American birches
Gray birch (Betula populifolia)
Black birch (Betula nigra)
Paper birch (Betula papyrifera)
Sweet birch (Betula lenta)
Yellow birch (Betula alleghaniensis)
European birches
Silver birch (Betula pendula)
Downy birch (Betula pubescens)
Blackbean (Castanospermum australe)
Black tupelo (Nyssa sylvatica)
Blackwood
Australian blackwood (Acacia melanoxylon)
African blackwood, mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
Bloodwood (Brosimum rubescens)[3]
Boxelder (Acer negundo)
Boxwood, common box (Buxus sempervirens)
Brazilian walnut (Ocotea porosa)
Brazilwood (Caesalpinia echinata)
Gumbo limbo (Bursera simaruba)
Buckeye (Aesculus)
Horse-chestnut (Aesculus hippocastanum)
Ohio buckeye (Aesculus glabra)
Yellow buckeye (Aesculus flava)
Butternut (Juglans cinerea)
California bay laurel (Umbellularia californica)
Camphor tree (Cinnamomum camphora)
Cape chestnut (Calodendrum capense)
Catalpa, catawba (Catalpa)
Ceylon satinwood (Chloroxylon swietenia)
Cherry (Prunus)
Black cherry (Prunus serotina)
Red cherry (Prunus pensylvanica)
Wild cherry (Prunus avium)
Coachwood (Ceratopetalum apetalum)
Cocobolo (Dalbergia retusa)
Corkwood (Leitneria floridana)
Cottonwood
Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)
Eastern cottonwood (Populus deltoides)
Swamp cottonwood (Populus heterophylla)
Cucumbertree (Magnolia acuminata)
Dogwood (Cornus spp.)
Flowering dogwood (Cornus florida)
Pacific dogwood (Cornus nuttallii)
Ebony (Diospyros)
Andaman marblewood (Diospyros kurzii)
Ebène marbre (Diospyros melanida)
African ebony (Diospyros crassiflora)[4]
Ceylon ebony (Diospyros ebenum)
Elm
American elm (Ulmus americana)
English elm (Ulmus procera)
Rock elm (Ulmus thomasii)
Slippery elm, red elm (Ulmus rubra)
Wych elm (Ulmus glabra)
Eucalyptus
Lyptus: Flooded gum (Eucalyptus grandis)
White mahogany (Eucalyptus acmenoides)
Brown mallet (Eucalyptus astringens)[5]
Banglay, southern mahogany (Eucalyptus botryoides)
River red gum (Eucalyptus camaldulensis)
Karri (Eucalyptus diversicolor)
Blue gum (Eucalyptus globulus)
Flooded gum, rose gum (Eucalyptus grandis)
York gum (Eucalyptus loxophleba)[5]
Jarrah (Eucalyptus marginata)
Tallowwood (Eucalyptus microcorys)
Grey ironbark (Eucalyptus paniculata)
Blackbutt (Eucalyptus pilularis)
Mountain ash (Eucalyptus regnans)
Australian oak (Eucalyptus obliqua)
Alpine ash (Eucalyptus delegatensis)
Red mahogany (Eucalyptus resinifera)
Swamp mahogany, swamp messmate (Eucalyptus robusta)
Sydney blue gum (Eucalyptus saligna)
Mugga, red ironbark (Eucalyptus sideroxylon)
Redwood (Eucalyptus transcontinentalis)[5]
Wandoo (Eucalyptus wandoo)[5]
European crabapple (Malus sylvestris)
European pear (Pyrus communis)
Gonçalo alves (Astronium spp.)
Greenheart (Chlorocardium rodiei)
Grenadilla, mpingo (Dalbergia melanoxylon)
Guanandi (Calophyllum brasiliense)
Gum (Eucalyptus)
Hackberry (Celtis occidentalis)
Hickory (Carya)
Pecan (Carya illinoinensis)
Pignut hickory (Carya glabra)
Shagbark hickory (Carya ovata)
Shellbark hickory (Carya laciniosa)
Hornbeam (Carpinus spp.)
American hophornbeam (Ostrya virginiana)
Iroko, African teak (Milicia excelsa)
Ironwood
Balau (Shorea spp.)
American hornbeam (Carpinus caroliniana)
Sheoak, Polynesian ironwood (Casuarina equisetifolia)
Giant ironwood (Choricarpia subargentea)
Diesel tree (Copaifera langsdorffii)
Borneo ironwood (Eusideroxylon zwageri)
Lignum vitae
Guaiacwood (Guaiacum officinale)
Holywood (Guaiacum sanctum)
Takian (Hopea odorata)
Ipê (Handroanthus spp.)
Black ironwood (Krugiodendron ferreum)
Lebombo ironwood Androstachys johnsonii
Catalina ironwood (Lyonothamnus floribundus)
Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea)
Olive (Olea spp.)
Desert ironwood (Olneya tesota)
Persian ironwood (Parrotia persica)
Brazilian ironwood, pau ferro (Caesalpinia ferrea)
Yellow lapacho (Tabebuia serratifolia)
Jacarandá-boca-de-sapo (Jacaranda brasiliana)
Jacarandá de Brasil (Dalbergia nigra)
Jatobá (Hymenaea courbaril)
Kingwood (Dalbergia cearensis)
Lacewood
Northern silky oak (Cardwellia sublimis)
American sycamore (Platanus occidentalis)
London plane (Platanus × acerifolia)
Limba (Terminalia superba)
Locust
Black locust (Robinia pseudoacacia)
Honey locust (Gleditsia triacanthos)
Mahogany
Genuine mahogany (Swietenia)[6]
West Indies mahogany (Swietenia mahagoni)
Bigleaf mahogany (Swietenia macrophylla)
Pacific Coast mahogany (Swietenia humilis)
other mahogany
African mahogany (Khaya spp.)
Chinese mahogany (Toona sinensis)
Australian red cedar, Indian mahogany (Toona ciliata)
Philippine mahogany, Calantis, Kalantis (Toona calantas)
Indonesian mahogany, Suren (Toona sureni)
Sapele (Entandrophragma cylindricum)
Sipo, Utile (Entandrophragma utile)
Tiama, (Entandrophragma angolense)
Kosipo, (Entandrophragma candollei)
Mountain Mahogany, Bottle Tree (Entandrophragma caudatumi)
Indian Mahogany, Chickrassy, Chittagong wood (Chukrasia velutina)
Spanish Cedar, Cedro, Brazilian Mahogany (Cedrela odorata)
Light Bosse, Pink Mahogany (Guarea cedrata)
Dark Bosse, Pink Mahogany (Guarea thompsonii)
American muskwood (Guarea grandifolia)
Carapa, Royal Mahogany, Demerara Mahogany, Bastard Mahogany, Andiroba, Crabwood, (Carapa guianensis)[7]
Bead-Tree, White Cedar, Persian Lilac, (Melia azedarach)
Maple (Acer)
Hard maple
Sugar maple (Acer saccharum)
Black maple (Acer nigrum)
Soft maple
Boxelder (Acer negundo)
Red maple (Acer rubrum)
Silver maple (Acer saccharinum)
European maple
Sycamore maple (Acer pseudoplatanus)
Marblewood (Marmaroxylon racemosum)
Marri, red gum (Corymbia calophylla)
Meranti (Shorea spp.)
Merbau, ipil (Intsia bijuga)
Oak (Quercus)
White oak
White oak (Quercus alba)
Bur oak (Quercus macrocarpa)
Post oak (Quercus stellata)
Swamp white oak (Quercus bicolor)
Southern live oak (Quercus virginiana)
Swamp chestnut oak (Quercus michauxii)
Chestnut oak (Quercus prinus)
Chinkapin oak (Quercus muhlenbergii)
Canyon live oak (Quercus chrysolepis)
Overcup oak (Quercus lyrata)
English oak (Quercus robur)
Red oak
Northern red oak (Quercus rubra)
Eastern black oak (Quercus velutina)
Laurel oak (Quercus laurifolia)
Southern red oak (Quercus falcata)
Water oak (Quercus nigra)
Willow oak (Quercus phellos)
Nuttall's oak (Quercus texana)
Okoumé (Aucoumea klaineana)
Olive (Olea europaea)
Pink ivory (Berchemia zeyheri)
Poplar
Balsam poplar (Populus balsamifera)
Black poplar (Populus nigra)
Hybrid black poplar (Populus × canadensis)
Tulip tree (Liriodendron tulipifera)
Purpleheart (Peltogyne spp.)
Queensland maple (Flindersia brayleyana)
Queensland walnut (Endiandra palmerstonii)
Ramin (Gonystylus spp.)
Redheart, chakté-coc (Erythroxylon mexicanum)
Śāl (Shorea robusta)
Sweetgum (Liquidambar styraciflua)
Sandalwood (Santalum spp.)
Indian sandalwood (Santalum album)
Sassafras (Sassafras albidum)
Southern sassafras (Atherosperma moschatum)
Satiné, satinwood (Brosimum rubescens)[8]
Silky oak (Grevillea robusta)
Silver wattle (Acacia dealbata)
Sourwood (Oxydendrum arboreum)
Spanish-cedar (Cedrela odorata)
Spanish elm (Cordia alliodora)
Tamboti (Spirostachys africana)
Teak (Tectona grandis)
Thailand rosewood (Dalbergia cochinchinensis)
Tupelo (Nyssa spp.)
Turpentine (Syncarpia glomulifera)
Walnut (Juglans)
Eastern black walnut (Juglans nigra)
Common walnut (Juglans regia)
Wenge (Millettia laurentii)
Panga-panga (Millettia stuhlmannii)
Willow (Salix)
Black willow (Salix nigra)
Cricket-bat willow (Salix alba 'Caerulea')
White willow (Salix alba)
Weeping willow (Salix babylonica)
Zingana, African zebrawood (Microberlinia brazzavillensis)
Hardwoods (monocotyledons)[edit]
Bamboo
Palm tree
Coconut timber (Cocos nucifera)
Toddy palm timber (Borassus flabellifer)
See also[edit]
Janka hardness test
List of Indian timber trees
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c d Summit, R. and A. Sliker. 1980. Handbook of Materials Science, Volume IV: Wood. Florida: CRC Press, Inc.
Jump up ^ Distemonanthus benthamianus. Wood Technical Fact Sheet. Forest Service. USDA.
Jump up ^ http://www.wood-database.com/lumber-identification/hardwoods/bloodwood/. Missing or empty |title= (help)
Jump up ^ Diospyros crassiflora. Archived 2015-03-24 at the Wayback Machine. Plant Resources of Tropical Africa.
^ Jump up to: a b c d Denham, R. (1999). "Specialty Timbers for the Western Australian Wheatbelt" (PDF). Farmnote 80/99. Department of Agriculture Western Australia. Retrieved 11 August 2012.
Jump up ^ the editors of Fine woodworking. In the 18th century style: building furniture inspired by the classical tradition. USA: The Taunton Press. pp. 36–43. ISBN 1-56158-397-9.
Jump up ^ Carapa guianensis. Archived 2014-01-09 at the Wayback Machine. World Agroforestry Centre.
Jump up ^ Richter, H. G. and M. J. Dallwitz. 2000 onwards. Brosimum rubescens Taub. Commercial timbers: descriptions, illustrations, identification, and information retrieval. DELTA – DEscription Language for TAxonomy. June 2009.
External links[edit]
National Hardwood and Lumber Association
American Hardwood Information Center
American Hardwood Export Council
Australian National Association of Forest Industries
Canadian Wood Group
FSC Lesser Known Tropical Wood Index
Database of Wood Species
NCSU Inside Wood project
Reproduction of The American Woods: exhibited by actual specimens and with copious explanatory text by Romeyn B. Hough
US Forest Products Laboratory, "Characteristics and Availability of Commercially Important Wood" from the Wood Handbook PDF 916K
International Wood Collectors Society
Xiloteca Manuel Soler (One of the largest private collection of wood samples)
African Timber Export Statistics
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text:
Ahmedabad textile industry
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This article does not cite any sources. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (December 2009) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
The textile industry of the city of Ahmedabad in the state of Gujarat in India dates back to the 19th century, when the city and the industry was established under the British raj. Textile mills employed thousands of people from across the state, and the cotton garments manufactured were exported across the world. The prosperity of the industry was the mainstay of the city's economy. It is called the Manchester of India.[citation needed]
The Arvind Mills is a company that processes denim for jeans worldwide, it is located near the Sabarmati river; as such the water required for the textile industry is easily available. The black soil found abundantly in Gujarat is best suited for the cultivation of cotton which is mostly required for the industry. and black soil is found in Maharashtra also.
Another major company in Ahmedabad is Ashima group. Electricity and cheap labour are available in abundance. Ahmedabad stands very near to the sea and as such export and import becomes easy.
Andrew Geddis was a director of the Ahmedabad Jubilee Spinning of cotton & Manufacturing Co., Ltd. and the Ahmedabad Manufacturing & Calico Printing Co. Ltd., as well as director of the India Cotton Association and the Chairman of Mill Owners' Mutual Insurance Association Ltd from its inception.
Bibliography[edit]
John Irwin, P. R. Schwartz, Studies in Indo-European Textile History, Calico Museum of Textiles, Ahmedabad, 1966, 124 p.
[hide]
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text:
I've Got the Joy Joy Joy Joy
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
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"Down In My Heart," sometimes titled "I've Got the Joy" is a popular Christian song often sung around the campfire and during scouting events. It is often included in Gospel music and a cappella concerts and songbooks. The song was written by George Willis Cooke (23 April 1848 - 30 April 1923). The date of authorship is as yet unknown.[original research?] Cooke was born in Comstock, Michigan. He was a Unitarian minister, writer, and editor and is well known for his landmark history of the Unitarian movement in the 19th century. Though largely self-taught, he studied at Meadeville Theological School in 1872. He was ordained in June of that year, not having obtained a degree from the school. He served the parish ministry for 28 years, while writing and editing. He left the ministry in 1900 to pursue scholarship and lecturing. He authored more than 20 books on a wide range of subjects.
Contents
[hide]
1 Lyrics
2 In popular culture
3 References
4 External links
Lyrics[edit]
There are many possible lyrics. The most common opening lyric and chorus is as follows:
I've got the joy, joy, joy, joy
Down in my heart (Where?)
Down in my heart (Where?)
Down in my heart
I've got the joy, joy, joy, joy
Down in my heart
Down in my heart to stay
And I'm so happy
So very happy
I have the love of Jesus in my heart (down in my heart)
And I'm so happy
So very happy
I have the love of Jesus in my heart
Subsequent lyrics include:
I've got the peace that passes understanding down in my heart...
I've got the far out faith that freaks out the farmers down in my heart...
I've got the glorious hope of my blessed redeemer way down in the depths of my heart...
I've got the mighty Messiah that manifests miracles down in the depths of my heart...
I've got the beautiful blessing that baffles the Buddhists down in the depths of my heart...
I've got the Christian confession that confuses the Communists down in the depths of my heart...
I've got the far out feeling that freaks out the Pharisees down in the depths of my heart...
I've got the love of Jesus Christ my savior down in my heart...
I've got the wonderful love of my blessed redeemer way down in the depths of my heart...
And if the devil doesn't like it he can sit on a tack, ouch, sit on a tack, ouch, sit on a tack. And if the devil doesn't like it he can sit on a tack. Sit on a tack to stay.
I've got the brightest light in the depths of my heart...
I've got the infinite love of the living lord down in the depths of my heart...
I've got the love of Jesus, love of Jesus down in my heart...
I've got that opposition to conscription down in my heart...[1]
In popular culture[edit]
Origin of the title of William Stafford's prose memoir of his WWII pacifist service, Down In My Heart.[2]
NRBQ's version of the song is played in the final moments of FX's American television series "Wilfred". Though the context it's played in is not conducive to the songs original theme of Christianity, instead referring to the main characters coming to peace with his state of mind, it is possibly for this reason that only the chorus of the song is played.
This is the gospel song Granny (actress Irene Ryan) sings in an episode of the 1960s TV sitcom, "The Beverly Hillbillies"
Sung by The Simpsons characters Rod and Todd in episode 410 (Lisa's First Word) originally aired 3 December 1993.
Included by The Housemartins as one of the tracks on the London 0 Hull 4 Deluxe Edition album, from when lead singer Paul Heaton's lyrics reflected his Christian views at the time.
The song is sung by Jeremy Sumpter and Matt O'Leary at the beginning of the 2001 thriller Frailty.
Used in Coca-Cola ad April, 2015.
In the 2014 Game LISA, the song is repeatedly sung by the character Buzzo when offering the in-game drug, Joy.
In 2015, S7E7 of Tosh.0 featured Daniel Tosh referencing and singing it.
In 2016, VolksWagen used the song in a TV commercial aired during the UEFA Euro 2016.
In 2017, it is sung in the first episode of Sun Records.
References[edit]
Jump up ^ p. 47, Kim Stafford, Early Morning: Remembering My Father, William Stafford, Publisher Trinity University Press, 2014 ISBN 1595341862, 9781595341860
Jump up ^ Kim Stafford, Early Morning: Remembering My Father, William Stafford, Publisher Trinity University Press, 2014 ISBN 9781595341860
External links[edit]
I've Got the Joy lyrics (with guitar chords)
I've Got the Joy Joy Joy is often sung quickly resulting in Misheard Lyrics
The song, as sung by "Noelle & John" is available for free download in MP3 format
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=I%27ve_Got_the_Joy_Joy_Joy_Joy&oldid=829319120"
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