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List of largest companies by revenue
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This list comprises the world's largest businesses by consolidated revenue as of 2016, according to the Fortune Global 500 tally. The list is limited to 35 companies, all of which have annual revenues exceeding $120 billion US dollars.
The availability and reliability of up-to-date information on prior state-owned companies is limited (for example Saudi Aramco does not publish any financial data[1]) and varies from country to country; thus, this list may be incomplete. This list is shown in U.S. dollars, but many of the companies on it prepare their accounts in other currencies. The dollar value of their revenue may change substantially in a short period of time due to exchange rate fluctuations.
Contents
[hide]
1 List of largest companies by revenue
2 See also
3 Notes
4 References
5 External links
List of largest companies by revenue
State-owned enterprise[nb 1]
Rank
Name
Industry
Revenue (USD millions)
Revenue growth
Employees
Country
Headquarters
CEO
Ref
1
Walmart General merchandisers $485,873 6999800000000000000♠ 0.8% 2,300,000 Bentonville, Arkansas Doug McMillon [9]
2
State Grid Utilities $315,199 2999560000000099999♠ 4.4% 926,067 Beijing Shu Yinbiao [2]
3
Sinopec Group Petroleum refining $267,518 2999090000000000000♠ 9.1% 713,288 Beijing Wang Yupu [3]
4
China National Petroleum Petroleum refining $262,573 2998877000000000000♠ 12.3% 1,512,048 Beijing Wang Yilin [4]
5
Toyota Motor vehicles and parts $254,694 7000770000000000000♠ 7.7% 364,445 Toyota, Aichi Akio Toyoda [10]
6
Volkswagen Group Automotive $240,264 7000150000000000000♠ 1.5% 626,715 Wolfsburg Matthias Müller [11]
7
Royal Dutch Shell Petroleum refining $240,033 2998882000000000000♠ 11.8% 89,000 The Hague Ben van Beurden [12]
8
Berkshire Hathaway Conglomerate $223,604 7000610000000000000♠ 6.1% 367,700 Omaha, Nebraska Warren Buffett [13]
9
Apple Computers, consumer electronics, and entertainment $215,639 2999230000000099999♠ 7.7% 116,000 Cupertino, California Tim Cook [14]
10
Exxon Mobil Petroleum refining $205,004 2998833000000000000♠ 16.7% 72,700 Irving, Texas Darren Woods [15]
11
McKesson Healthcare $198,533 7000310000000000000♠ 3.1% 64,500 San Francisco John Hammergren [16]
12
BP Petroleum refining $186,606 2998826009999900000♠ 17.4% 74,500 London Bob Dudley [17]
13
United Health Healthcare $184,840 7001177000000000000♠ 17.7% 230,000 Minnetonka, Minnesota Stephen Hemsley [18]
14
CVS Health Healthcare $177,526 7001158000000000000♠ 15.8% 204,000 Woonsocket, Rhode Island Larry Merlo [19]
15
Samsung Electronics Electronics and electrical equipment $173,957 2999800000000000000♠ 2.0% 325,000 Suwon Oh-Hyun Kwon [20]
16
Glencore Mining and crude oil production $173,883 7000200000000000000♠ 2.0% 93,123 Baar Ivan Glasenberg [21]
17
Daimler Automotive $169,483 7000220000000000000♠ 2.2% 282,488 Stuttgart Dieter Zetsche [22]
18
General Motors Automotive $166,380 7000920000000099999♠ 9.2% 225,000 Detroit Mary Barra [23]
19
AT&T Telecommunications $163,786 7001116000000000000♠ 11.6% 268,540 Dallas Randall L. Stephenson [24]
20
Exor Diversified financials $154,894 7000150000000000000♠ 1.5% 302,562 Turin John Elkann [25]
21
Ford Motor Company Automotive $151,800 7000150000000000000♠ 1.5% 201,000 Dearborn, Michigan James Hackett [26]
22
Industrial & Commercial Bank of China Financial services $147,675 7001117000000000000♠ 11.7% 461,749 Beijing Yi Huiman [5]
23
AmerisourceBergen Pharmaceuticals $146,850 7000800000000000000♠ 8.0% 18,500 Chesterbrook, Pennsylvania Steven H. Collis [27]
24
China Construction Engineering Construction $144,505 7000310000000000000♠ 3.1% 263,915 Beijing Guan Qing [6]
25
AXA Financial services $143,722 7001112000000000000♠ 11.2% 97,707 Paris Thomas Buberl [28]
26
Amazon Internet $135,987 7001271000000000000♠ 27.1% 341,400 Seattle Jeff Bezos [29]
27
Foxconn Electronics $135,129 2999570000000000000♠ 4.3% 724,772 New Taipei Terry Gou [30]
28
China Construction Bank Financial services $135,093 2999130000000000000♠ 8.7% 362,482 Beijing Wang Zuji [7]
29
Honda Automotive $129,198 7000620000000000000♠ 6.2% 211,915 Tokyo Takahiro Hachigo [31]
30
Total Oil and gas $127,925 2998892000000000000♠ 10.8% 102,168 Courbevoie Patrick Pouyanné [32]
31
General Electric Conglomerate $126,661 2999019999999999999♠ 9.8% 295,000 Boston John Flannery [33]
32
Verizon Telecommunications $125,980 2999570000000000000♠ 4.3% 160,900 New York City Lowell McAdam [34]
33
Japan Post Conglomerate $122,990 7000360000000000000♠ 3.6% 248,384 Tokyo Masatsugu Nagato [8]
34
Allianz Financial services $122,196 3000400000000000000♠ 0.6% 140,253 Munich Oliver Bäte [35]
35
Cardinal Health Pharmaceuticals $121,546 7001185000000000000♠ 18.5% 37,300 Dublin, Ohio George S. Barrett [36]
See also
Forbes Global 2000
Forbes 500
List of companies by employees
List of corporations by market capitalization
List of wealthiest organizations
Notes
Jump up ^ Government owns 50% or more[2][3][4][5][6][7][8]
References
Jump up ^ "Will Saudi Aramco deliver world record profit for next year's IPO?". Reuters. 2017-07-08. Retrieved 2018-02-24.
^ Jump up to: a b "State Grid Corporation of China". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 26, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Sinopec Group". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on March 30, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "China National Petroleum". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on January 13, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Industrial & Commercial Bank of China". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 26, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "China State Construction Engineering". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "China Construction Bank". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
^ Jump up to: a b "Japan Post Holdings". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Walmart". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on March 2, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Toyota Motor". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Volkswagen-Germany". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Royal Dutch Shell". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Berkshire Hathaway". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Apple". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on April 2, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Exxon Mobil". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on March 26, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "McKesson". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "BP". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "UnitedHealth Group". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 14, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "CVS Health". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Samsung Electronics". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 26, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Glencore". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 24, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Daimler". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 25, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "General Motors". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AT&T". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on April 1, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "EXOR Group". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on December 31, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Ford Motor". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AmerisourceBergen". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "AXA". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Amazon.com". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 25, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Hon Hai Precision Industry". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on January 29, 2017. Retrieved September 13, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Honda Motor". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Total". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 26, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "General Electric". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on February 2, 2017. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Verizon". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 27, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Allianz". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved April 27, 2017.
Jump up ^ "Cardinal Health". Fortune. Global 500. Archived from the original on November 29, 2016. Retrieved January 12, 2017.
External links
Fortune Global 500 List
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Love You to the Stars and Back
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Love You to the Stars and Back
Directed by
Antoinette Jadaone
Produced by
Charo Santos-Concio
Malou Santos
Written by
Antoinette Jadaone
Starring
Julia Barretto
Joshua Garcia
Production
company
ABS-CBN Film Productions, Inc.
Distributed by
Star Cinema
Release date
August 30, 2017
Running time
111 minutes
Country
Philippines
Language
Filipino
Box office
P102 million (as of September 16, 2017)
Love You to the Stars and Back is a 2017 Filipino romantic comedy film written and directed by Antoinette Jadaone. Starring Julia Barretto and Joshua Garcia, the film marks their second project together following the 2016 Metro Manila Film Festival entry Vince and Kath and James.[1][2]
The story conference for the film was held in April 2017 [3] with no working title yet. Production has pushed through in May and it was released on August 30, 2017 to box office success.
Contents
[hide]
1 Synopsis
2 Cast
2.1 Main Cast
2.2 Supporting Cast
3 Release
3.1 Critical response
4 References
Synopsis[edit]
Feeling out place in her own home, an eccentric and socially awkward girl, Mika (Julia Barretto), decides to go on a road trip with a very strange goal – to look for aliens. In her trip, Mika accidentally bumps into a simple and good-humored boy, Caloy (Joshua Garcia), whom she chooses to give a free ride to until he reaches his destination. Mika is surprised to know that Caloy has cancer. But despite his condition, he has learned to accept his fate and remained positive and joyful.
The two embark on a roadtrip filled with adventures and misadventures, not knowing that it will lead them to experiencing their most memorable romance at such a young age. They unexpectedly teach each other an important lesson on love and life – one that takes most people a lifetime to learn.[4]
Cast[edit]
Main Cast[edit]
Julia Barretto as Mika, A person who finds her place in the world. Determined to find an alien for she believes that her place is there.
Joshua Garcia as Caloy, A broken child after he was disowned by his father several times. He suffers leukemia thus makes him feel he is a burden to everyone.
Supporting Cast[edit]
Carmina Villarroel as Michelle, Mica’s mother
Cherry Pie Picache as Linda, Caloy’s mother
Ariel Rivera as Ricky, Mica’s father
Maricar Reyes as Sheryl, Mica’s stepmother
Edgar Allan Guzman as JP, Caloy’s Elder Brother
Eda Nolan as Jane, Caloy’s Elder Sister
Belle Mariano as Ronnabel, Aling Berns’ child. Does not want to go the J.S prom, but was convinced by Mica and Caloy.
Joaq Reyes as Vincent, Caloy’s younger brother
Paulo Angeles as Kenneth, Ronnabel’s Crush
Jelson Bay as Mang Berting, Was accompanied by Mica and Caloy. Until he reached his destination.
Odette Khan as Doña Leticia, Mang Berting’s future in law
Ruby Ruiz as Aling Berns, Ronnabel’s mother
Release[edit]
Love You to the Stars and Back was released on August 30, 2017. The film was graded "B" by the Cinema Evaluation Board of the Philippines. It grossed ₱60 million on its first week in the cinemas.[5] As of September 16, 2017, the film grossed ₱102 million.[6]
Critical response[edit]
The film received generally positive feedback and glowing reviews from critics. Oggs Cruz of Rappler lauded the film's use of realistic scenes of extended conversations as opposed to very brisk romantic instances. He also praised Garcia's and Barretto's acting, calling them "astute and delightful", respectively.[7] Philbert Dy gave the film 5 out of 5 "tickets", noting that within the first five minutes of the film, you'll know it's not the usual Star Cinema fare, further highlighting the touch of indie filmmaking. He also praised the film's slow build of melodrama and the acting abilities and the chemistry of the lead actors.[8]
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "'Vince & Kath & James' is overall top grosser of MMFF 2016". ABS-CBN News. ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Vince and Kath and James' generates P123M worldwide gross". Star Cinema. Star Cinema.
Jump up ^ "Joshua, Julia are part of the #AlienSquad in new movie?". Star Cinema. Star Cinema. Retrieved 22 June 2017.
Jump up ^ "Joshua reveals one of his greatest fears". Star Cinema. Star Cinema. Retrieved 23 August 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Love You to the Stars and Back' earns P60-M in first week". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Love You to the Stars and Back' passes P100-M mark". ABS-CBN News. ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 18 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Love You to the Stars and Back' review: Love cures all". Rappler. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
Jump up ^ "'Love You to the Stars and Back' Has the Freedom to be Different". The Neighborhood. The Neighborhood. Retrieved 6 September 2017.
[hide]
v
t
e
Films of Antoinette Jadaone
Written and directed
Six Degrees of Separation from Lilia Cuntapay (2011)
Beauty in a Bottle (2014)
That Thing Called Tadhana (2014)
Relaks, It's Just Pag-ibig (2014)
You're My Boss (2015)
All You Need is Pag-ibig (2015)
The Achy Breaky Hearts (2016)
Love You to the Stars and Back (2017)
Never Not Love You (2018)
Written only
Ekstra (2013)
Da Possessed (2014)
English Only, Please (2014)
The Breakup Playlist (2015)
#WalangForever (2015)
TV series directed
On the Wings of Love (2015)
Till I Met You (2016)
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Love_You_to_the_Stars_and_Back&oldid=826168014"
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This page was last edited on 17 February 2018, at 16:39.
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Back to the Future (franchise)
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Back to the Future
Created by
Robert Zemeckis
Bob Gale
Original work
Back to the Future (1985)
Print publications
Book(s)
List of books
Comics
List of comics
Films and television
Film(s)
Back to the Future (1985)
Back to the Future Part II (1989)
Back to the Future Part III (1990)
Television series
Back to the Future: The Animated Series (1991–92)
Theatrical presentations
Musical(s)
Back to the Future: The Musical
Games
Video game(s)
List of video games
Audio
Soundtrack(s)
Back to the Future: Music from the Motion Picture Soundtrack
Back to the Future Part II: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
Back to the Future Part III: Original Motion Picture Soundtrack
The Back to the Future Trilogy
Miscellaneous
Theme park attractions
Back to the Future: The Ride
The Back to the Future franchise is an American science fiction–adventure comedy film series written and directed by Robert Zemeckis, produced by Bob Gale and Neil Canton for Steven Spielberg's Amblin Entertainment, and distributed by Universal Pictures. The franchise follows the adventures of a high school student, Marty McFly (Michael J. Fox), and an eccentric scientist, Dr. Emmett L. Brown (Christopher Lloyd), as they use a DeLorean time machine to time travel to different periods in the history of Hill Valley, California.
The first film was the highest-grossing film of 1985 and became an international phenomenon, leading to the second and third films, which were back-to-back film productions, released in 1989 and 1990, respectively. Though the sequels did not perform quite as well at the box office as the first film, the trilogy remains immensely popular after 30 years and has yielded such spinoffs as an animated television series and a motion-simulation ride at the Universal Studios Theme Parks in Universal City, California; Orlando, Florida; and Osaka, Japan (all now closed), as well as a video game. The film's visual effects were done by Industrial Light and Magic. The trilogy was nominated for five Academy Awards all together, winning one (Best Sound Editing).
Contents
[hide]
1 Films
1.1 Back to the Future (1985)
1.2 Back to the Future Part II (1989)
1.3 Back to the Future Part III (1990)
1.4 Future
2 Cast and crew
2.1 Cast and characters
2.2 Crew
3 Reception
3.1 Box office performance
3.2 Critical and public response
4 Soundtrack albums
5 Home media
5.1 2002 DVD release: "The Complete Trilogy"
5.2 2009 DVD reissue
5.3 2010 Blu-ray release: "25th Anniversary Trilogy"
5.4 Release formats and features
6 Other media
6.1 Television series
6.2 Comic books
6.3 Books
6.4 Games
6.5 Stage musical
6.6 Keith Lemon
6.7 Automotive commercials
6.8 Doc Brown Saves the World short film
7 Theme park ride
8 Back in Time
9 Cultural Impact
9.1 Back to the Future Day
10 See also
11 References
12 External links
Films[edit]
Back to the Future
Directed by
Robert Zemeckis
Produced by
Bob Gale
Neil Canton
Written by
Robert Zemeckis
Bob Gale
Starring
Michael J. Fox
Christopher Lloyd
Thomas F. Wilson
Lea Thompson
Music by
Alan Silvestri
Cinematography
Dean Cundey
Edited by
Harry Keramidas
Arthur Schmidt
Production
company
Amblin Entertainment
Distributed by
Universal Pictures
Release date
1985–90
Running time
337 minutes
Country
United States
Language
English
Budget
$99 million
Box office
$975.2 million
Back to the Future (1985)[edit]
Main article: Back to the Future
Seventeen-year-old Marty McFly is accidentally sent back in time from 1985 to 1955 in a time machine built from a DeLorean by eccentric scientist Emmett "Doc" Brown, when they are attacked by Libyans from whom Doc stole the plutonium that gives the flux capacitor the 1.21 gigawatts it needs to time-travel. Soon after his arrival in 1955, Marty's mother Lorraine falls in love with him, rather than with his father George McFly, threatening to cause a paradox that would result in Marty's nonexistence. Without plutonium to power the time machine, Marty must find the 1955 Doc Brown to help him reunite his parents and return to 1985.
The efforts of Biff Tannen, George's bully and supervisor, further complicate Marty's situation until Marty successfully causes his parents to fall in love and simultaneously convinces George to finally stand up to Biff. Returning to the future via a lightning strike that powers the machine, Marty discovers a vastly improved situation for the McFly family, as a much more confident George has become an accomplished science-fiction novelist, and an apparently-softened Biff is now an auto detailer, rather than George's supervisor. Despite 1955 Doc's insistence on not knowing details of the future, a note Marty leaves in his pocket saves him from being killed by the terrorists. But in the film's final moments, Doc Brown appears in a modified version of the DeLorean and tells Marty and his girlfriend Jennifer Parker that they must travel to the future to fix a problem caused by Marty and Jennifer's kids.
Back to the Future Part II (1989)[edit]
Main article: Back to the Future Part II
The series continues as Doc Brown travels with Marty and Jennifer to the year 2015 where he has discovered Marty's family is in ruins. Shortly after correcting the situation, Marty buys a sports almanac containing the outcomes of 50 years (1950–2000) worth of sporting events to make easy money. However, Doc talks him out of it and throws the almanac in the trash, where the 2015 Biff Tannen finds it. A sleeping Jennifer has been taken by police to her future home, needing Marty and Doc to retrieve her before returning to 1985. While Marty and Doc are at the 2015 McFly home, 2015 Biff steals the DeLorean time machine and gives the book to his 1955 self just before he goes to the dance at the end of the first movie. When Doc and Marty return to 1985, they find that Biff has used the sports almanac's knowledge for financial gain, which allows him to turn Courthouse Square into a 27-story casino, take over Hill Valley, get away with the murder of Marty's father, and later marry Marty's mother. Marty learns that Biff was given the book by 2015 Biff on November 12, 1955, so he and Doc go back to that date in order to steal the almanac from Biff before he can use it to destroy their lives. They accomplish this in a complex fashion, often crossing their own past-selves' paths. When the duo are about to travel back to 1985, a lightning bolt strikes the DeLorean and activates the time circuits, sending Doc back to 1885 and leaving Marty stranded once again in 1955.
Back to the Future Part III (1990)[edit]
Main article: Back to the Future Part III
After finding out that Doc Brown is trapped in 1885, Marty sets out to find the 1955 Doc to help him fix the DeLorean (which has been waiting for him in a mineshaft for 70 years) and restore it to working order. Learning that Doc gets shot in 1885 by Biff's great-grandfather, Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen, Marty travels back in time to save Doc (who has become a blacksmith) and bring him back to the future. Arriving in the middle of a melee between the United States Cavalry and American Indians, an Indian arrow pierces a hole in the DeLorean's fuel line, emptying the gas tank and rendering the engine useless. Doc falls in love with schoolteacher Clara Clayton, and considers staying in the past. Marty must convince Doc to come back with him and find a way to get back to his time before it's too late. After several dramatic action scenes involving using a speeding locomotive to push the DeLorean to 88 miles per hour (142 km/h), Marty returns to 1985 without Doc Brown, who stayed behind with Clara in 1885. When the DeLorean appears in 1985 on the same train track as planned, a modern train destroys the DeLorean, with Marty jumping out just in time. Marty reveals to Jennifer the time travel adventure and they visit the scene of the wreckage of the DeLorean. He worries that Doc has been lost in the past forever, when suddenly Doc Brown appears in a new time machine, modeled after a locomotive. He introduces Jennifer and Marty to Clara (to whom he is now married) and his two sons, Jules and Verne. When Marty asks if Doc and his family are going to the future, Doc replies that he has "already been there." Doc's last words of wisdom is that nobody knows their future, so they "must make it a good one." The locomotive flies across the sky and disappears, ending the trilogy.
Future[edit]
Co-writer and director Robert Zemeckis, who has approval over all films in the Back to the Future franchise, has stated that he will block all attempts to remake or reboot the original film. Bob Gale stated that he did not wish to see another film in the series without the Marty McFly character nor any other actor than Michael J. Fox playing him, while acknowledging that Fox's current health condition would make this impossible. He illustrated this at a 2008 fan convention in Florida, stating "The idea of making another Back to the Future movie without Michael J. Fox – you know, that's like saying, 'I'm going to cook you a steak dinner and I'm going to hold the beef."[1] Gale also said that the Telltale adaptation is the closest thing to what a fourth film could be like.[2] In a USA Today interview on October 21, 2015, the day of Marty McFly's purported arrival in the future, Christopher Lloyd stated that he would consider making a fourth film under the condition that the original cast and creative team returned, along with a story "worth telling."[3] The same day, Lloyd once again reprised his role as Doc Brown in a brief segment in which Doc Brown returns to announce a special message explaining the discrepancy between reality and the "future" as depicted in the film.[4]
Cast and crew[edit]
Cast and characters[edit]
Characters
Films
Ride
Animated series
Video game
Short film
Back to the Future
Back to the Future Part II
Back to the Future Part III
Back to the Future: The Ride
Back to the Future
Episode 1:
It's About Time
Episode 2: Get Tannen!
Episode 3: Citizen Brown
Episode 4: Double Visions
Episode 5: Outatime
Doc Brown Saves the World
1985
1989
1990
1991
1991-1992
2010
2011
2015
Martin "Marty" McFly
Michael J. Fox Michael J. Fox
(archive footage) David Kaufman A. J. Locascio A. J. Locascio
Michael J. Fox
(future Martys)
Emmett "Doc" Brown
Christopher Lloyd Dan Castellaneta
Christopher Lloyd
(live-action segments) Christopher Lloyd
James Arnold Taylor
(young) Christopher Lloyd
(First Citizen Brown) Christopher Lloyd
(First Citizen Brown)
James Arnold Taylor
(young) Christopher Lloyd
James Arnold Taylor
(young) Christopher Lloyd
Biff Tannen
Thomas F. Wilson Kid Beyond
Thomas F. Wilson
(2015 re-release)
George McFly
Crispin Glover Jeffrey Weissman
Crispin Glover (archive footage) Jeffrey Weissman Michael Sommers
Lorraine Baines-McFly
Lea Thompson Aimee Miles
Jennifer Parker
Claudia Wells Elisabeth Shue Cathy Cavadini Claudia Wells
Einstein
Tiger Freddie Danny Mann
Gerald Strickland
James Tolkan Photograph Photograph
Dave McFly
Marc McClure Marc McClure (deleted scene) Marc McClure
Linda McFly
Wendie Jo Sperber Wendie Jo Sperber
Goldie Wilson
Donald Fullilove
3-D
Casey Siemaszko Photograph
Match
Billy Zane
Skinhead
J. J. Cohen
Marty McFly, Jr.
Michael J. Fox
Marlene McFly
Michael J. Fox
Griff
Thomas F. Wilson Thomas F. Wilson
Douglas J. Needles
Flea
Buford "Mad Dog" Tannen
Thomas F. Wilson (photograph) Thomas F. Wilson Cameo in Season one intro
Clara Clayton
Mary Steenburgen Photograph Mary Steenburgen
Seamus McFly
Michael J. Fox
Maggie McFly
Lea Thompson
William McFly
Michael J. Fox (photograph)
Uncredited infant Michael J. Fox
James Strickland
James Tolkan Photograph Photograph
Jules Eratosthenes Brown
Todd Cameron Brown Joshua Keaton
Verne Newton Brown
Dannel Evans Troy Davidson
Copernicus
Uncredited dog Foster
Biff Tannen, Jr.
Benji Gregory
Beauregard Tannen
Thomas F. Wilson Photograph Owen Thomas
Edna Strickland
Shannon Nicholson (young)
Rebecca Sweitzer
(old) Shannon Nicholson Rebecca Sweitzer Shannon Nicholson
(young)
Rebecca Sweitzer
(old)
Arthur McFly
Michael Sommers Photograph Michael Sommers
Trixie Trotter
Melissa Hutchison Melissa Hutchison
Irving "Kid" Tannen
Owen Thomas Owen Thomas
Erhardt Brown
Roger L. Jackson Roger L. Jackson
Marty McFly and Doc Brown were included in Empire's 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All Time, ranking No. 39 and No. 76 respectively.[5][6]
Crew[edit]
Crew/detail
Film
Back to the Future
(1985)
Back to the Future Part II
(1989)
Back to the Future Part III
(1990)
Director
Robert Zemeckis
Writers
Robert Zemeckis
Bob Gale Story:
Robert Zemeckis
Bob Gale
Screenplay:
Bob Gale
Producers
Neil Canton
Bob Gale
Executive producers
Steven Spielberg
Kathleen Kennedy
Frank Marshall
Associate producer
N/A Steve Starkey
Cinematographer
Dean Cundey
Editors
Harry Keramidas
Arthur Schmidt
Composer
Alan Silvestri
Casting directors
Jane Feinberg
Mark Fenton
Judy Taylor Mark Fenton
Valorie Massalas
Judy Taylor
Production designers
Lawrence G. Paull Rick Carter
Art directors
Todd Hallowell Margie Stone McShirley Margie Stone McShirley
Jim Teegarden
Set decorators
Hal Gausman Linda De Scenna Michael Taylor
Costume designers
Deborah L. Scott Joanna Johnston
Production Company
Amblin Entertainment
Distributor
Universal Pictures
Running time
116 minutes 108 minutes 119 minutes
Release date
July 3, 1985 November 22, 1989 May 25, 1990
Reception[edit]
Box office performance[edit]
Film
Release date
Box office gross
Budget
Ref(s)
North America
Other
territories
Worldwide
Back to the Future July 3, 1985 $210,609,762 $178,444,035 $389,053,797 $19,000,000
[7] [8] [9]
Back to the Future Part II November 22, 1989 $118,450,002 $213,500,000 $331,950,002 $40,000,000 [10][11]
Back to the Future Part III May 25, 1990 $87,727,583 $156,800,000 $244,527,583 $40,000,000 [12]
Back to the Future Day October 21, 2015 $1,650,000 $3,200,000 $4,850,000
[13]
Total
$420,087,347
$555,044,035
$975,231,382
$99,000,000
List indicator(s)
(A) indicates the adjusted totals based on current ticket prices (by Box Office Mojo).
As of June 2011[update], the Back to the Future series is the 14th-highest-grossing trilogy of all time at the domestic market (adjusted for inflation),[14] 17th-highest-grossing trilogy of all time at the domestic market (not adjusted for inflation),[15] and the 13th-highest-grossing trilogy of all time, worldwide (not adjusted for inflation).[16]
The trilogy was re-released in certain countries worldwide on October 21, 2015 to commemorate the date travelled to by the protagonists in Back to the Future Part II and generated $4.8 million on its opening day.[17] In the United States and Canada, it earned $1.65 million from ticket sales across 1,815 North American theaters on its opening day.[17][18] Germany opened with $1.4 million and the United Kingdom with $345,000. Revenues from other territories such as Australia, Austria, France, Italy were moderate.[17]
Critical and public response[edit]
Film
Rotten Tomatoes
Metacritic
CinemaScore
Critics
Top Critics
Audience
Back to the Future 96% (77 reviews)[19] 88% (16 reviews) 94% (1 090 883 votes) 86 (12 reviews)[20] N/A
Back to the Future Part II 63% (60 reviews)[21] 50% (14 reviews) 85% (748 434 votes) 57 (17 reviews)[22] A-[23]
Back to the Future Part III 74% (43 reviews)[24] 50% (10 reviews) 78% (693 139 votes) 55 (19 reviews)[25] A-[23]
Soundtrack albums[edit]
In 1985, MCA Records released the Back to the Future soundtrack. It featured 8 tracks performed by Huey Lewis and the News, Lindsey Buckingham, Eric Clapton, Marvin Berry and the Starlighters, and Etta James. Only two tracks were culled from Alan Silvestri's orchestral score.
In 1989, MCA Records released Back to the Future Part II soundtrack with 13 tracks.
In 1990, Varèse Sarabande released Back to the Future Part III soundtrack with 18 tracks.
In 1999, Varèse Sarabande released Back to the Future trilogy soundtrack with eight tracks from the first film, seven from the second, four from the third, and one from the ride.
In 2009, Intrada released a two-CD Back to the Future set as Intrada Special Collection Volume 116. It features the complete original motion picture soundtrack (that is, Alan Silvestri's entire orchestral score) from Back to the Future (Part I) with 24 tracks, 15 tracks of alternate early sessions and one unused source cue from the scoring sessions.
Home media[edit]
2002 DVD release: "The Complete Trilogy"[edit]
In July 1997, Universal Studios announced that Back to the Future would be one of their first ten releases to the new format, though it ended up being delayed for five years. The films were finally released in 3-disc DVD box set on December 17, 2002 in both widescreen and fullscreen.[26]
2009 DVD reissue[edit]
On October 21, 2008, BTTF.com broke the story that Universal will be releasing each of the Back to the Future films individually. The DVDs were released on February 10, 2009 with the first film being a 2-disc set featuring the documentary Looking Back to the Future and Back to the Future: The Ride.[27]
2010 Blu-ray release: "25th Anniversary Trilogy"[edit]
In June 2008, a special screening of the trilogy was held in Celebration, Florida. Bob Gale told the crowd they were seeing the digitally remastered version that was going to be used for the Blu-ray version of the movies. Gale also spoke to potential supplemental features on a Blu-ray version of the trilogy, saying only that never-before-seen bonus materials may appear, though he stopped short of offering any specifics.[28] On June 28, 2010, Universal announced that the Blu-ray edition of the films would be released on October 26, 2010, twenty-five years to the day from the date of the fictional events from the first film.[29] There have been numerous complaints about the R1 packaging,[30] leading to the release of an instruction sheet on how to safely remove and insert discs.[31]
Release formats and features[edit]
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Name
Box
Audio
Scene-specific commentary
Framing
Enhanced MJ Fox interview
1986 (Part I) CED
Tan with Marty and DeLorean Stereo No ? No
1986 (Part I) VHS
Blue with Marty and DeLorean Stereo No Correct Widescreen No
1993 Japanese Laserdisc
Charcoal with logo Stereo No Generous No
VCD
Blue with Marty and DeLorean Stereo No Correct Widescreen No
2002 R1 DVD
Blue with Marty and Doc with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 Yes Incorrect Widescreen Yes
2002 R2/R4 UK DVD
Black with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 and DTS No Incorrect Widescreen No
2003 "V2" (Part II & Part III) DVD
No box Dolby 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2005 R1 DVD
Blue with Marty and Doc Dolby 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2005 R2/R4 UK DVD
Blue with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 and DTS Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2006 R2 UK DVD
Blue with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 and DTS Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2008 R2 UK DVD
Black Steelbook Case with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 and DTS Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2009 R1 Individual DVDs
BTTF: Marty with DeLorean
BTTF II: Marty and Doc with DeLorean
BTTF III: Marty, Doc, and Clara with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2010 25th Anniversary R1 Blu-ray/Digital copy
Blue with Marty and Doc with DeLorean DTS-HD 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen (squished credits on Part I) Yes
2010 R2 Blu-ray
Blue with Marty with DeLorean DTS-HD 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen ?
2010 Limited Edition Collector's Tin R2 Blu-ray
Tin blue with Marty with DeLorean DTS-HD 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen ?
2010 25th Anniversary R2 DVD
Blue with Marty with DeLorean Dolby 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen Yes
2015 30th Anniversary Blu-ray and DVD
Flux Capacitor Dolby 5.1 Yes Corrected Widescreen (squished credits on Part I) Yes
The footage that was shot with Eric Stoltz in the role of Marty McFly before he was replaced with Michael J. Fox was not included in Universal's original DVD release in 2002 or in 2009, despite many fans hoping that Universal would include it. Some very brief footage was released in the Blu-ray version in 2010.
Other media[edit]
Television series[edit]
Main article: Back to the Future (TV series)
An animated television series, Back to the Future: The Animated series, lasted two seasons, each featuring 13 episodes, and ran on CBS from September 14, 1991 to December 26, 1992.
Comic books[edit]
A comic book series was published by Harvey Comics in 1992 detailing further adventures of the animated series. Only seven issues were produced. IDW is publishing a mini series which presents the first meeting of both Marty and Doc Brown and is written by co-screenwriter Bob Gale, which was released in stores on October 21, 2015, the same date that Marty travels with Doc Brown to the future depicted in the story line for Part II. In issue 3, it was revealed that it had become an ongoing monthly comic due to popular demand. Beginning in issue #6, the original format of one or two untold stories per issue was replaced with a mutli-issue ongoing story arc. The original subtitle for the comic, "Untold Tales and Alternate Timelines", was used for the trade paperback which contained the first five comics in the series. Other series published by IDW include "Citizen Brown", which adapts the Telltale video game, "Biff to the Future", which depicts Biff Tannen's rise to power after being given the almanac by his future self. The latter is also co-written by Gale. The series has now gone on to what IDW calls "chapter 2" of the series with "Tales from the Time Train." This is a series of stories detailing where Doc and the Brown family went after time traveling at the end of Back to the Future Part III.
Books[edit]
Each film in the trilogy also received a novelization that expanded on the movies by adding scenes, characters and dialog, often culled from early-draft scripts.
In 2012, Hasslein Books released A Matter of Time: The Unauthorized Back to the Future Lexicon, written by Rich Handley.[32] The book was released in cooperation with BTTF.com, the official Back to the Future Web site.[33] A second volume, Back in Time: The Unauthorized Back to the Future Chronology, by Greg Mitchell and Rich Handley, was released in 2013.[34]
Games[edit]
Main article: List of Back to the Future video games
Various video games based on the Back to the Future movies have been released over the years for home video game systems, including the Atari ST, ZX Spectrum, Commodore 64, Master System, Genesis, Nintendo Entertainment System, and Super Famicom platforms. Additionally the game trilogy has also been released for Windows (PC), for Apple (MAC) and for Apple (iPad).[35]
The 2015 video game Lego Dimensions features two Back to the Future-themed toy packs. The Level Pack adds a bonus level that adapts the events of the first film, and includes a Marty McFly minifigure, along with a constructible DeLorean and Hoverboard. The Fun Pack includes a Doc Brown minifigure and a constructible Time Train from Part III. Both unlock access to an in-game open world set in Hill Valley. Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd reprise their respective roles.[36]
Stage musical[edit]
Main article: Back to the Future (musical)
On 31 January 2014, it was announced that a stage musical adaptation of the first film is in production.[37] The show, which will be co-written by original writers Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale, was expected to premiere in 2015 but got pushed to 2016. According to Gale, the musical will be "true to the spirit of the film without being a slavish remake". The musical is part of the 30th anniversary of the original film.
Keith Lemon[edit]
A Keith Lemon episode called "Keith Lemon's Back t'Future Tribute" was ordered for ITV2 by ITV's Director of Digital Platforms, Angela Jain and was commissioned by the commissioning editor for comedy and entertainment, Claire Zolkwer. It was produced for ITV2 by Talkback and executive produced by Leon Wilson. The series producer was Arron Ferster and the director was Andrew Chaplin.[38]
Automotive commercials[edit]
In 2015, Fox and Lloyd starred alongside popular YouTube science personality Go Tech Yourself in an extended Toyota commercial for Toyota's new fuel cell vehicle, the Mirai, entitled Fueled by the Future. The commercial doubled as a tribute to the franchise and illustrated how the idea of converting trash into fuel had become reality. The commercial was released on October 21 — the same date to which Marty, Doc and Jennifer traveled in Back to the Future Part II.[39]
Doc Brown Saves the World short film[edit]
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Doc Brown Saves the World is a 2015 direct-to-video short film directed by Robert Zemeckis and starring Christopher Lloyd as Emmett Brown. The short is featured on the 2015 Blu-ray and DVD release of the Back to the Future trilogy commemorating for the franchise's 30th anniversary. The short was written by Robert Zemeckis and Bob Gale and produced by Bob Gale and Neil Canton through Amblin Entertainment. Music for the short was performed by Alan Silvestri. The short was released in the United States on October 20, 2015.
Emmett Brown is in an undisclosed location outside of Hill Valley, California. He sets a video camera to automatically track his body in order to video tape a message for Marty McFly. He explains that it is October 21, 2015, one hour before Marty, Doc, and Jennifer Parker arrive from 1985.
He explains that when he traveled in the future, he discovered that there was a nuclear holocaust that occurred on October 21, 2045. He tracked it down to four inventions: the food hydrator, self lacing shoes, the hoverboard, and the Mr. Fusion home energy reactor.
The former three inventions had led to the world becoming lazy and obese, leading to widespread waste. The invention of hoverboards lead to hover cars, which led to people throwing their trash out of the windows, causing a great trash storm in 2021. All of this trash needed to be disposed of, which led to one hundred million Mr. Fusion units being manufactured. All of the Mr. Fusion units had a tiny nuclear reactor inside, and all one hundred million of them went off on October 21, 2045.
The chain of events that led to this happening began less than twenty four hours after Marty caused Griff Tannen to crash his hoverboard into the Hill Valley Courthouse when Griff is sentenced. He vowed to get back at the world for laughing at him, and planned to do it through a company which he founded, GriffTech.
Doc holds up a clear tablet computer with a digital version of the Hill Valley Telegraph. On June 13, 2032, GriffTech invented a social media network called ThingMeme, which had secured funding from Douglas J. Needles. ThingMeme allowed inanimate objects to post selfies on the internet. However, it was a scam, as it allowed Griff to gain access to every object on Earth. On the 30th anniversary of his arrest, on October 21, 2045, he uploaded a virus that was supposed to flash the word butthead on everything. However, it short circuited the Mr. Fusion network, causing nuclear explosions in one hundred million homes around the world.
Doc then travels to an unknown date, to change history so these inventions are never created, which will prevent the nuclear explosion from occurring. He leaves his camera on, which manages to capture the four inventions being erased from history.
He arrives back in 2015, in a winter jacket and ski goggles, declaring that the mission was more complicated than he had calculated, but declaring it a success. He holds up the tablet computer, where the headline on the Hill Valley Telegraph changes from "Griff Tannen Founds Grifftech" to "Griff Tannen Found Guilty".
Doc's excitement is short lived, however, as he reaches in his pocket. He pulls out the Quantum Mind Jar, which he thought he had disposed of in 2075. He's worried that not doing so will unravel everything they've accomplished. In a female voice, the artificial intelligence of the Quantum Mind Jar tells Doc that they need to go back to the future, which he dismisses as he doesn't want to risk making any more time travel.
At that moment, another Emmett Brown, from an unknown time period, arrives, also declaring his experiment a success. Both versions of Emmett, along with the artificial intelligence of the Quantum Mind Jar, are shocked at discovering that there are two Emmett Browns present.
Theme park ride[edit]
Main article: Back to the Future: The Ride
Back to the Future: The Ride is a simulator ride based on and inspired by the Back to the Future films and is a mini-sequel to 1990's Back to the Future Part III. The original attraction opened on May 2, 1991, at Universal Studios Florida. It also opened on June 2, 1993 at Universal Studios Hollywood and on March 31, 2001 at Universal Studios Japan. The rides in the United States have since been replaced by The Simpsons Ride. The ride in Japan remained operational until May 31, 2016.
Back in Time[edit]
In the fall of 2015, a Kickstarter project released the Back in Time documentary film.[40][41] The film features interviews with the members of the cast and crew along with the cultural impact of the trilogy 30 years later.
Cultural Impact[edit]
Back to the Future Day[edit]
The replica Toyota Tacoma concept based on the original Toyota truck, on display during the Pittsburgh International Auto Show at the David L. Lawrence Convention Center in 2016.
October 21, 2015, the date used for the setting of the future events during the first act of the second film, has been called "Back to the Future Day" by the media.[42][43][44][45][46] The year 2015 also commemorated the 30th anniversary of the release of the original film.
Many promotions were planned to mark the passing of the date, with many playing to the depiction of the future in the film, including:
Universal Pictures created a trailer for Jaws 19, the fictional 3D film advertised in the future setting.[47][48]
Universal and Mattel produced an advertisement for the hoverboard seen in the film.[49]
Pepsi produced a limited run of the "Pepsi Perfect" soft drink, including the unique bottles, which sold out before October 21, 2015.[50]
The Ford Motor Company allowed users configuring a Ford Focus on their website to add a Flux Capacitor as a $1.2 million option.[51]
Nintendo released the game Wild Gunman, which Marty is seen playing in the Cafe '80s scene, on the Wii U's Virtual Console service.[52]
The October 22, 2015 edition of USA Today used a mock-front page which was a recreation of the one seen in the film on that date. The back of the mock page contains an advertisement for Jaws 19, as well as ads for the 30th anniversary Back to the Future box set and The Michael J. Fox Foundation. On the real front page, the USA Today blue dot is replaced with a drone camera like the one seen in the film.[53] The print edition of this edition sold out in record time, according to USA Today.[54]
Nike revealed that they had recreated the Nike Mag shoes that Michael J. Fox wears in the film, complete with self-lacing power laces (a 2011 design was based on the same shoes, but lacked the power laces).[55] Although the laces operated more slowly than those seen in the film, they were nonetheless shown to work as intended in an eight-second video featuring Fox wearing the shoes.[55] Pairs of the shoes were sold via auction in 2016 to benefit The Michael J. Fox Foundation for Parkinson's Research.[55]
Toyota and Universal Pictures celebrated the 30th anniversary of the film series with a Toyota Tacoma Concept that was inspired by the original 1985 pickup that Toyota created for the 1985 film. The 2016 Tacoma 4WD was recreated using the same features and black color paint trim, KC HiLite driving lamps (modified with LED lighting), modified headlights and taillights (matching the 1985 version), the Toyota badging to the truck's tailgate, as well as the same D-4S fuel injection, the 1985-inspired mudflaps, and customized license plates matching the 2015 vehicles in Part II. The only difference between the 1985 original and the 2016 concept is the tires: Goodyear was featured in the 1985 film, while BF Goodrich is used on the concept. Toyota notes that this is a one-off concept as there are no plans to offer it as a package or level trim.[56] Toyota also produced a promotional video starring Michael J. Fox and Christopher Lloyd and featuring many of the locations depicted in the film series, wherein the Delorean's Mr. Fusion is used as a comparison for Toyota's hydrogen powered Mirai.[57]
Universal re-released all three films on Blu-ray disc on October 21, 2015.[58]
Telltale Games re-released their licensed Back to the Future: The Game in a 30th Anniversary edition for newer consoles a week in advance of October 21.[59] Several video games released downloadable content related to Back to the Future to coincide with October 21, 2015, including Rocket League and LittleBigPlanet 3.[60][61]
Cast members appeared on Today and Jimmy Kimmel Live! on October 21, 2015.[62][63] Nearly 2,000 theaters worldwide showed back-to-back screenings of the Back to the Future trilogy on October 21 and continuing through that weekend, which earned over $4.8M in single day ticket sales.[64] Universal studios offered location tours of the various filming locations around the date.[65][66] The town of Reston, Virginia, temporarily changed its name to "Hill Valley" to commemorate the series during its annual film festival.[42][67] Esquire Network aired the trilogy all day that day, plus all weekend.
A cosplayer at a "Back to the Future Day" screening in Boise, Idaho
The White House celebrated Back to the Future Day.
See also[edit]
Film in the United States portal
Science fiction portal
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Robert Zemeckis rules out Back to the Future remake". The Telegraph. July 1, 2015. Retrieved July 7, 2015.
Jump up ^ Back to the Future: The Game - 30th Anniversary Edition Trailer. YouTube. September 29, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Christopher Lloyd couldn't have foreseen this 'Future'". USA Today. October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Universal Pictures Home Entertainment (October 20, 2015). "The Future Is Now! - 10/21/15 - A Special Message From Doc Brown" – via YouTube.
Jump up ^ "Marty McFly entry on ''100 greatest movie characters''". Empire. December 5, 2006. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Doc Brown entry on ''100 greatest movie characters". Empire. December 5, 2006. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future (1985)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future (2010 re-release)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future (2014 re-issue)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved October 17, 2014.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future Part II (1989)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future Part II (Foreign gross)". The Numbers. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future Part III (1990)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future Day (2015)". Box Office Mojo. Retrieved November 3, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Top Trilogies – Domestic: Adjusted for Ticket Price Inflation". Box Office Mojo. Archived from the original on January 22, 2005. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ "All Time Box Office Records: Top Trilogies – Domestic". Box Office Mojo. June 17, 2007. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
Jump up ^ "Top Grossing Tilogies Worldwide". Box Office Mojo. May 15, 2007. Archived from the original on July 8, 2011. Retrieved July 1, 2011.
^ Jump up to: a b c Pamela McClintock (October 22, 2015). "Box Office: 'Back to the Future' Day Earns $4.8M Worldwide". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ Anthony D'Alessandro (October 22, 2015). "'Back To The Future' Day Racks Up Dough From Trilogy Re-Release". Deadline.com. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BACK TO THE FUTURE". rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future". metacritic.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BACK TO THE FUTURE II". rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future II". metacritic.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b "CinemaScore". cinemascore.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "BACK TO THE FUTURE III". rottentomatoes.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future III". metacritic.com. Retrieved March 10, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Amazon.com: Back to the Future: The Complete Trilogy". Amazon. Retrieved 25 January 2016.
Jump up ^ "BTTF 2-Disc Special Edition DVD coming in February!". Archived from the original on March 3, 2009. Retrieved 2008-11-22. CS1 maint: BOT: original-url status unknown (link)
Jump up ^ Surpless, Brendan (June 3, 2008). "RUMOR: Bob Gale hints "Back to the Future" may be coming to Blu-ray Disc". HighDefDiscNews. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
Jump up ^ "From Universal Studios Home Entertainment, One of the Biggest Motion Picture Trilogies Comes to Blu-ray for the First Time Ever". California: Prnewswire.com. June 28, 2010. Retrieved July 6, 2010.
Jump up ^ Shaffer, R.L. (October 25, 2010). "Back to the Future: 25th Anniversary Trilogy Blu-ray Review". IGN. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "How to remove/insert discs" (PDF). IGN. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2011. Retrieved December 4, 2010.
Jump up ^ "Sci-fi-Geek-Reference Book-Back to the Future Lexicon-Rich Handley". hassleinbooks.com. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future™". bttf.com. Archived from the original on July 20, 2013. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Sci-fi-Geek-Reference Book-Greg Mitchell-Rich Handley-Back to the Future Timeline". hassleinbooks.com. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Telltale Games Back to the Future: The Game". telltalegames.com. Archived from the original on July 1, 2015. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "'Lego Dimensions' reunites the original 'Back to the Future' cast". Retrieved 16 September 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future musical announced". BBC News. Retrieved July 1, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Keith Lemon goes 'Back to the Future'". "ITV Press Centre".
Jump up ^ Toyota Mirai "Fueled By" Commercials Toyota
Jump up ^ "Back In Time". Kickstarter.
Jump up ^ "About". backintimefilm.com.
^ Jump up to: a b Rosenthal, Phil (October 6, 2015). "'Back to the Future' Day, Oct. 21, 2015: Beyond Cubs, Jaws 19, Pepsi Perfect". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future Day live: Is October 21, 2015 turning out like the film predicted?". Daily Telegraph. October 21, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "how to enjoy back to the future day". The Independent. October 21, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "It's 'Back to the Future' Day. How Does the Present Stack Up". The New York Times. October 21, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back To The Future: The Complete History". Empire Magazine. 21 October 2015. Retrieved 21 October 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future: Jaws 19 trailer actually released". The Daily Telegraph. October 6, 2015. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bryant, Jacob (5 October 2015). "Watch: 'Back to the Future'-Inspired 'Jaws 19' Trailer". Variety. Retrieved 21 October 2016.
Jump up ^ McAloon, Jonathan (October 13, 2015). "Hoverboard ad released ahead of Back to the Future Day". The Daily Telegraph. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kooser, Amanda (October 5, 2015). "Pepsi Perfect from 'Back to the Future' gets real this month". CNET. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ McFarland, K.C. (October 19, 2015). "Have You Driven a Ford (With a Flux Capacitor) Lately?". Wired. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kohler, Chris (October 21, 2015). "Nintendo Re-Releases Marty McFly's Favorite Game This Week". Wired. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Kulp, Patrick (21 October 2015). "USA Today travels 'Back to the Future' with front page from the film". Mashable. Retrieved 23 October 2015.
Jump up ^ Holub, Christian (October 23, 2015). "Back to the Future edition of USA Today sold out in record time". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
^ Jump up to: a b c Alexander, Julia (October 21, 2015). "Michael J. Fox shows off real self-lacing shoes in video for Back to the Future Day". Polygon. Vox Media. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Great Scott! Back To The Future Toyota Tacoma Concept is awesome" from Autoblog.com (October 21, 2015)
Jump up ^ "WATCH: 'Back to the Future' Toyota commercial filmed in N.J." from nj.com (October 21, 2015)
Jump up ^ Moser, Cassidee (July 16, 2015). "30TH ANNIVERSARY BACK TO THE FUTURE BLU-RAY COLLECTIONS COMING IN OCTOBER". IGN. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ Phillips, Tom (September 29, 2015). "It looks like Telltale's Back to the Future will launch on PS4, Xbox One". Eurogamer. Retrieved October 22, 2015.
Jump up ^ Dunham, Jeremy (October 12, 2015). "Rocket League Goes Back to the Future!". PlayStation Blog. Retrieved October 14, 2015.
Jump up ^ Isbell, Steven (October 21, 2015). "LittleBigPlanet 3: Back to the Future Arrives Today!". PlayStation Blog. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
Jump up ^ Dawn, Randee. "See the 'Back to the Future' cast reunite on TODAY".
Jump up ^ "Fox, Lloyd Go 'Back To The Future' On 'Jimmy Kimmel Live!'".
Jump up ^ D'Alessandro, Anthony (October 22, 2015). "'Back to the Future' Day Racks Up $4.8M from Trilogy Re-Release – Update". Deadline. Retrieved October 24, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Great Scott! 'Back to the Future' Day Has Finally Arrived". Newsweek. October 21, 2015. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ Bush, Samantha Valtierra (October 20, 2015). "Non-profit We're Going Back hosts 5-day 'Back to the Future' bonanza". Los Angeles Daily News. Retrieved October 25, 2015.
Jump up ^ "Back to the Future day: live! Enjoy 21 October 2015 around the world". The Guardian. London. October 21, 2015. Retrieved October 21, 2015.
External links[edit]
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Back to the Future (franchise).
Wikimedia Commons has media related to Back to the Future Day.
Official website
Back to the Future on IMDb
Back to the Future at AllMovie
Interview with cast and director reunited on The Today Show for the 25th anniversary of the release of the first movie
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text:
Exocrine gland
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
Exocrine gland
An acinus is a round cluster of exocrine cells connected to a duct.
Details
Identifiers
Latin
glandula exocrina
MeSH
D005088
TH
H2.00.02.0.03014
FMA
9596
Anatomical terminology
[edit on Wikidata]
Exocrine glands are glands that produce and secrete substances onto an epithelial surface by way of a duct.[1] Examples of exocrine glands include sweat, salivary, mammary, ceruminous, lacrimal, sebaceous, and mucous. Exocrine glands are one of two types of glands in the human body, the other being endocrine glands, which secrete their products directly into the bloodstream. The liver and pancreas are both exocrine and endocrine glands; they are exocrine glands because they secrete products—bile and pancreatic juice—into the gastrointestinal tract through a series of ducts, and endocrine because they secrete other substances directly into the bloodstream.
Contents
[hide]
1 Classification
1.1 By structure
1.2 By method of secretion
1.3 By product secreted
2 Additional images
3 See also
4 References
5 External links
Classification[edit]
By structure[edit]
Exocrine glands contain a glandular portion and a duct portion, the structures of which can be used to classify the gland.[1]
The duct portion may be branched (called compound) or unbranched (called simple).
The glandular portion may be tubular or acinar, or may be a mix of the two (called tubuloacinar). If the glandular portion branches, then the gland is called a branched gland.
By method of secretion[edit]
Exocrine glands are named apocrine glands, holocrine glands, or merocrine glands based on how their products are secreted.[1]
Merocrine secretion – cells excrete their substances by exocytosis; for example, pancreatic acinar cells.
Apocrine secretion – a portion of the cell membrane that contains the excretion buds off.
Holocrine secretion – the entire cell disintegrates to excrete its substance; for example, sebaceous glands of the skin and nose.
By product secreted[edit]
Serous cells secrete proteins, often enzymes. Examples include gastric chief cells and Paneth cells
Mucous cells secrete mucus. Examples include Brunner's glands, esophageal glands, and pyloric glands
Mixed glands secrete both protein and mucus. Examples include the salivary glands: although the parotid gland 20%is predominantly serous, the sublingual gland 5% mainly mucous gland, and the submandibular gland 70%is a mixed, mainly serous gland.
Sebaceous glands secrete Sebum, a lipid product. These glands are also known as oil glands, e.g. Fordyce spots and Meibomian glands.
Additional images[edit]
Section of the human esophagus.
Dissection of a lactating breast.
See also[edit]
List of glands of the human body
List of specialized glands within the human integumentary system
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Young B, Woodford P, O'Dowd G (2013). Wheater's Functional Histology: A Text and Colour Atlas (6th ed.). Elsevier. p. 95. ISBN 978-0702047473.
External links[edit]
Diagram at mhhe.com
[hide]
v
t
e
Epithelial tissue
Cells
Squamous
Cuboidal
Columnar
Types
Simple squamous epithelium
Endothelium
Mesothelium
Simple cuboidal epithelium
Simple columnar epithelium
Pseudostratified columnar epithelium
Respiratory epithelium
Stratified squamous epithelium
Stratified cuboidal epithelium
Stratified columnar epithelium
Transitional epithelium
Urothelium
Glands
Types
Mechanism
Merocrine
Eccrine
Apocrine
Holocrine
Sebaceous
Meibomian
Shape
Tubular gland
Alveolar gland
Secretion
Serous glands
Mucous glands
Components
Myoepithelial cell
Serous demilune
Ducts:
Interlobar
Interlobular
Intralobular
Striated
Intercalated
Acinus/Lobe
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