text:
List of cities in the Americas by year of foundation
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
This article needs additional citations for verification. Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed. (February 2008) (Learn how and when to remove this template message)
This is a list of cities in the Americas (South, Central and North) by founding year and present-day country.
Year
City
State, province, dept., etc.
Country
Notes
7500 BC Tlapacoya Ixtapaluca Mexico
4000 BC Puerto Hormiga Culture Cartagena Colombia
3710 BC Aspero Norte Chico Peru
2627 BC Caral Norte Chico Peru
1500 BC Kaminaljuyu Guatemala city Guatemala
800 BC Cuicuilco Mexico City Mexico
700 BC Ticul Yucatán Mexico
500 BC Cholula Puebla Mexico
300 BC Teotihuacan México Mexico In the Valley of Mexico
200 Mitla Oaxaca Mexico
200 Acanceh Yucatan Mexico
500 Cuenca Azuay Ecuador
524 Ejutla Oaxaca Mexico [1]
550 Izamal Yucatan Mexico
600 Cahokia Illinois United States
713 Tula Hidalgo Mexico
1001 L'Anse aux Meadows Newfoundland and Labrador Canada Oldest known European (Norse) settlement in the Americas. Possibly founded by Leif Erikson, as part of Vinland, in 1001 AD.
1000 Acoma Pueblo and Taos Pueblo New Mexico United States
1050 Motul Yucatán Mexico
1050 Pachuca Hidalgo Mexico
1100 Cusco Cusco Province Peru
1100 Oraibi Arizona United States (Hopi Reservation) [2]
1168 Ecatepec Estado de Mexico Mexico
1259 Chimaulhuacan Mexico State Mexico
1313 Xalapa Veracruz Mexico
1325 Tenochtitlan Mexico City Mexico Largest pre-Columbian city in the Americas, later called Mexico City.
1450 Zuni Pueblo New Mexico United States [3]
1470 Iximche Chimaltenango Guatemala
1492 La Navidad Nord-Est Haiti First European settlement in the New World during the Age of Discovery.
1493 La Isabela Puerto Plata Dominican Republic
1498 Santo Domingo Distrito Nacional Dominican Republic Capital of the Dominican Republic. Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in the Americas. Founded in 1498, by Bartholomew Columbus.
1502 Santa Cruz del Seibo El Seibo Dominican Republic
1504 Azua de Compostela Azua Dominican Republic
1504 Santiago de los Caballeros Santiago Dominican Republic
1505 Cotuí Sánchez Ramírez Dominican Republic
1506 Salvaleón de Higüey La Altagracia Dominican Republic
1508 Bonao Monseñor Nouel Dominican Republic
1508 Caparra Puerto Rico United States First city founded by Europeans, although not continuously inhabited, in the United States. Abandoned in 1521 with the removal of the capital to San Juan.
1510 Santa Maria la Antigua del Darien Urabá Colombia First city founded by Europeans on the continent of South America.
1510 Nombre de Dios Colon Panama Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Panama.
1511 Baracoa Guantánamo Cuba Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Cuba, former capital of Cuba.
1513 Bayamo Granma Cuba
1514 Sancti Spiritus Santi Spiritus Cuba
1514 Trinidad Santi Spiritus Cuba
1515 Santiago Santiago After Baracoa and before Havana, Santiago was the second capital of Cuba. Cuba
1519 Havana Havana Cuba
1519 La Villa Rica de la Vera Cruz, (Veracruz) Veracruz Mexico Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Mexico.
1519 Panama City Panamá Panama First European established city on the Pacific Coast of the Americas. Founded in 1519, at the present day ruins of Panama Viejo, it was sacked by the Welsh pirate Henry Morgan in 1671, and resettled to nearby Casco Viejo, in 1673.
1520 Hato Mayor del Rey Hato Mayor Dominican Republic
1515 Cumaná Sucre Venezuela Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Venezuela.
1521 San Juan Puerto Rico United States Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Puerto Rico, and in the United States. Oldest continuously inhabited state or territorial capital in the United States.
1524 Granada Granada Nicaragua Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Nicaragua.
1524 Tecpán Guatemala Chimaltenango Guatemala First capital of Guatemala and oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Guatemala.
1524 Trujillo Colón Honduras Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Honduras.
1525 Santa Marta Magdalena Colombia Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Colombia.
1525 Acapulco Guerrero Mexico [4]
1525 San Salvador San Salvador El Salvador Founded in 1525, rebuilt and changed locations twice afterwards (1528 and 1545) and oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in El Salvador.
1526 Acámbaro Guanajuato Mexico
1526 Chimaltenango Chimaltenango Guatemala
1528 San Cristóbal de las Casas Chiapas Mexico Originally called Villa Real de Chiapa.
1528 Camagüey Camagüey Province Cuba Founded in 1515 the northern coast of Camagüey as "Puerto del Príncipe", but moved in 1528 to present location.
1529 Maracaibo Zulia Venezuela
1530 San Blas Nayarit Mexico By Nuño Beltrán [5]
1531 Puebla Puebla Mexico by Fr. Toribio de Benavente ("Motolinía") on 16 April [6]
1532 Oaxaca Oaxaca Mexico
1532 Piura Piura Peru
1532 São Vicente São Paulo Brazil Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Brazil, oldest Portuguese established settlement in the New World.
1532 Tepic Nayarit Mexico As capital of Nueva Galicia [7]
1533 Cananéia São Paulo Brazil Second Oldest City in Brazil
1533 Cartagena de Indias Bolívar Colombia
1534 Otavalo Imbabura Ecuador
1534 Quito Pichincha Ecuador Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Ecuador.
1534 Spanish Town Saint Catherine Jamaica Founded by the Spanish as Santiago de la Vega or St. Jago de la Vega. Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Jamaica.
1534 Trujillo La Libertad Peru Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Peru.
1535 Lima Lima Peru
1535 Igarassu Pernambuco Brazil Site of first European settlement in Brazil, the feitoria of Igarassu, in 1516.[1]
1535 Olinda Pernambuco Brazil One of the best-preserved colonial cities in Brazil.[2]
1535 Vila Velha Espírito Santo Brazil
1535 Paria Oruro Bolivia First Spanish settlement in Bolivia
1536 Santiago de Cali Valle del Cauca Colombia
1536 Popayán Cauca Colombia
1536 San Pedro Sula Cortés Honduras
1536 Tupiza Potosí Bolivia
1537 Asunción Paraguay Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Paraguay.
1537 Recife Pernambuco Brazil Capital of the state of Pernambuco. It is the oldest city among Brazil's current state capitals.[3]
1538 Bogotá Cundinamarca Colombia
1538 Guayaquil Guayas Ecuador
1538 Iguape São Paulo Brazil
1538 Sucre Chuquisaca Bolivia Originally called Ciudad de la Plata de la Nueva Toledo and the oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Bolivia.
1539 Tunja Boyacá Colombia
1539 Vélez Santander Colombia
1539 Pasto Nariño Colombia
1540 Arequipa Arequipa Peru
1540 Ayacucho Ayacucho Peru
1540 Campeche Campeche Mexico
1540 Yuriria Guanajuato Mexico
1540 Mompox Bolivar Colombia
1540 Supía Caldas Colombia
1540 Campeche Campeche Mexico Founded on the site of Mayan village Kimpech.
1541 Huánuco Huánuco Peru
1541 Moquegua Moquegua Peru
1541 Santiago Santiago Chile Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Chile.
1541 Santafé de Antioquia Antioquia Colombia
1542 Guadalajara Jalisco Mexico
1542 Genaro Codina Zacatecas Mexico [4]
1542 San Miguel de Allende Guanajuato Mexico
1542 Mérida Yucatan Mexico Built on the site of Mayan city T'ho.
1542 San Luis de la Paz Guanajuato Mexico
1543 Antigua Guatemala Sacatepéquez Guatemala
1543 Cobán Alta Verapaz Guatemala
1543 Santa Cruz Verapaz Alta Verapaz Guatemala
1545 Potosí Potosí Bolivia
1545 San Juan de los Remedios Villa Clara Province Cuba Remedios has the most uncertain foundation date in Cuba, 1545 has been accepted because it is when the village erected its town hall, but its origin has been studied and documented back to 1513.
1545 Riohacha La Guajira Colombia
1546 Santos São Paulo Brazil
1546 Neyba Bahoruco Dominican Republic
1546 Tepezalá Aguascalientes Mexico [5]
1548 Asientos Aguascalientes Mexico [6]
1548 La Paz La Paz Bolivia
1548 Pánuco Zacatecas Mexico [7]
1548 Zacatecas Zacatecas Mexico [8]
1549 Salvador Bahia Brazil
1550 Concepción Concepción Chile
1550 Valledupar Cesar Colombia
1550 Ibagué Tolima Colombia
1551 Vitória Espírito Santo Brazil
1551 Mocoa Putumayo
1552 Sonsonate Sonsonate El Salvador
1553 Santiago del Estero Santiago del Estero Argentina Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Argentina.
1553 São Bernardo do Campo São Paulo Brazil
1554 Embu São Paulo Brazil
1554 São Paulo São Paulo Brazil
1555 Saín Alto Zacatecas Mexico [9]
1556 Chalchihuites Zacatecas Mexico [10]
1557 Cuenca (Santa Ana de los Cuatro Rios de Cuenca) Azuay Ecuador
1557 Santo Amaro Bahia Brazil
1558 Mérida Mérida Venezuela
1558 Londres Catamarca Argentina Second oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Argentina, though refunded and relocated several times.
1560 Mogi das Cruzes São Paulo Brazil
1560 Ipojuca Pernambuco Brazil
1561 Santa Cruz de la Sierra Santa Cruz Bolivia
1561 Mendoza Mendoza Argentina [11]
1561 San Cristobal Táchira Venezuela
1561 Itanhaém São Paulo Brasil
1562 San Juan San Juan Argentina
1562 Río Grande Zacatecas Mexico [12]
1562 Susticacán Zacatecas Mexico [13]
1563 Cartago Cartago Costa Rica Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Costa Rica.
1564 São Mateus Espírito Santo Brazil
1565 Rio de Janeiro Rio de Janeiro Brazil
1565 Saint Augustine Florida United States Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in the continental United States. Preceded by Puerto Rican colonies, Pensacola, Florida, which was destroyed in 1559, and Fort Caroline, destroyed in 1565.
1565 Tucumán Tucumán Argentina
1567 Caracas Capital District Venezuela
1568 Mazapil Zacatecas Mexico [14]
1568 Goiana Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1685; cidade in 1840.[15]
1568 Valaparaíso Zacatecas Mexico [16]
1569 Santa Ana Santa Ana El Salvador Built over Mayan city of Sihuatehuacán.
1570 Jerez Zacatecas Mexico [17]
1570 Sombrerete Zacatecas Mexico [18]
1571 Cochabamba Cochabamba Bolivia
1572 Huancavelica Huancavelica Peru
1573 San German Puerto Rico United States Second oldest European settlement in Puerto Rico[19]
1573 Córdoba Córdoba Argentina
1573 Santa Fé Santa Fé Argentina
1573 Buga Valle del Cauca Colombia
1574 Huaraz Ancash Peru
1574 Tarija Tarija Department Bolivia
1575 Aguascalientes Aguascalientes Mexico [20]
1576 León Guanajuato Mexico
1577 Juayúa Sonsonate El Salvador
1578 Fort-Liberté Nord-Est Haiti Originally called Bayaha by the Spanish. Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Haiti.
1578 Tegucigalpa Francisco Morazán Honduras
1579 Coamo Puerto Rico United States Third oldest European settlement in Puerto Rico. In the same area where the Taínos had had their village of Guayama. Coamo became officially a town in 1616, and given the title of villa by Spanish Royal Decree in 1778.[21]
1580 Buenos Aires Argentina
1580 Santana de Parnaíba São Paulo Brasil
1580 Santo Domingo Xenacoj Sacatepéquez Guatemala
1582 Salta Salta Argentina
1583 St John's Newfoundland and Labrador Canada Oldest continuously inhabited British settlement in the Americas.
1584 Roanoke North Carolina United States
1585 João Pessoa Paraíba Brazil
1587 Concepción del Oro Zacatecas Mexico [22]
1588 Corrientes Corrientes Argentina
1590 São Cristóvão Sergipe Brazil First capital of Sergipe. Formerly known as Sergipe d'El Rei
1591 Jiménez del Teul Zacatecas Mexico [23]
1591 Juan Aldama Zacatecas Mexico [24]
1591 Paudalho Pernambuco Brazil
1591 La Rioja La Rioja Argentina [25]
1593 San Salvador de Jujuy Jujuy Argentina
1594 Pinos Zacatecas Mexico [26]
1594 San Luis San Luis Argentina
1596 Monterrey Nuevo León Mexico
1596 Villahermosa Tabasco Mexico Originally called Villa Felipe II.
1597 Portobelo Colón Panama
1598 Parras Coahuila Mexico
1599 Natal Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1599 Tadoussac Quebec Canada Oldest continuously inhabited French established settlement in the Americas, oldest European established settlement in Quebec.
1600 Facatativá Cundinamarca Colombia
1600 Zipaquirá Cundinamarca Colombia
1602 David Chiriquí Province Panama
1603 Salamanca Guanajuato Mexico
1604 Port Royal Nova Scotia Canada Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Nova Scotia.
1606 Bayaguana Monte Plata Dominican Republic
1606 Ibarra Imbabura Ecuador
1606 Oruro Oruro Bolivia
1607 Jamestown Virginia United States First permanent English established settlement in the Americas.
1608 Quebec City Quebec Canada
1609 Fortaleza Ceará Brazil
1610 Kecoughtan Virginia United States
1524 León León Nicaragua Original location (now known as the ruins of Leon Viejo) on the south-western shore of Lago Managua founded in 1524, but destroyed by earthquakes, and resettled 20 miles west, in 1610, to its present-day location at Leon.
1610 Santa Fe New Mexico United States Oldest continuously inhabited state or territorial capital in the continental United States. [8]
1610 Harbour Grace Newfoundland and Labrador Canada
1611 Marechal Deodoro, Alagoas Alagoas Brazil
1612 São Luís Maranhão Brazil Capital of Maranhão.
1612 St. George's Bermuda Oldest continuously inhabited English established settlement in the Americas.
1612 Neiva Huila Colombia
1613 Penedo Alagoas Brazil
1613 Hopewell Virginia United States Oldest continuously inhabited English settlement in North America. Founded in 1613 as Bermuda City by Thomas Dale.
1614 Albany, New York New York United States Oldest US settlement north of Virginia and second oldest state or territorial capital in the continental United States, incorporated 1686
1614 Sirinhaém Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1627; cidade in 1892.[27]
1615 Cabo Frio Rio de Janeiro Brazil
1615 Taos New Mexico United States
1615 Ipiales Nariño Colombia
1616 Belém Pará Brazil Capital of Pará.
1616 Medellín Antioquia Colombia Founded by Francisco de Herrera y Campuzano
1616 Arecibo Puerto Rico United States
1617 Jersey City, New Jersey New Jersey United States Pavonia, New Netherland
1618 Cabo de Santo Agostinho Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1811; cidade in 1877.
1620 Ojocaliente Zacatecas Mexico [28]
1620 Plymouth Massachusetts United States
1622 Bucaramanga Santander Colombia
1623 Dover New Hampshire United States
1623 Gloucester Massachusetts United States
1624 Old Road Saint Christopher Saint Kitts and Nevis Oldest continuously inhabited British established settlement in the Caribbean, First successful 'non-Spanish' established settlement in the Caribbean.
1624 Villa Soriano Soriano Uruguay Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Uruguay.
1625 New Amsterdam New York United States Now New York City.
1625 Quincy Massachusetts United States
1626 Salem Massachusetts United States
1626 Vitória de Santo Antão Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1811; cidade in 1843.[29]
1627 Basseterre Saint Christopher Saint Kitts and Nevis Oldest continuously inhabited French established settlement in the Caribbean.
1628 Bridgetown Saint Michael Barbados Second oldest continuously inhabited English established settlement in the Caribbean.
1630 Boston Massachusetts United States
1630 Paramaribo Paramaribo Suriname Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Suriname.
1630 Speightstown Saint Peter Barbados
1631 Biddeford Maine United States
1631 Hidalgo del Parral Chihuahua Mexico
1631 Saint John New Brunswick Canada
1632 Batopilas Chihuahua Mexico
1632 Williamsburg Virginia United States
1632 St. John's Antigua Antigua and Barbuda
1634 Green Bay Wisconsin United States Oldest continuously inhabited French established settlement in the United States.
1634 St. Mary's City Maryland United States
1634 Trois-Rivières Quebec Canada
1634 Willemstad Curaçao Netherlands Oldest continuously inhabited Dutch established settlement in the Caribbean.
1635 Concord Massachusetts United States
1635 Old Saybrook Connecticut United States Original Dutch settlement called Kievits Hoek.
1636 Springfield Massachusetts United States
1636 Providence Rhode Island United States
1637 Hartford Connecticut United States
[9]
1638 Belize City Belize Belize Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Belize. Original Mayan city called Holzuz.
1638 Fort-de-France Martinique Originally called Fort Saint Louis.
1638 New Haven Connecticut United States
[10]
1638 Wilmington Delaware United States Grew from Fort Christina, part of the New Sweden colony. Oldest continuously inhabited Swedish established settlement in the Americas.
1638 Cambridge Massachusetts United States
1639 Rincón de Romos Aguascalientes Mexico [30]
1639 (prior to) St. Marks Florida United States [11]
1639 Barnstable Massachusetts United States Second-oldest municipality and only city on Cape Cod
1639 Bridgeport Connecticut United States
1639 Guilford Connecticut United States Location of the Henry Whitfield House, the oldest house in Connecticut and the oldest stone house in New England
1639 Milford Connecticut United States
1639 Newport Rhode Island United States
1640 Tumaco Nariño Colombia
1642 Montreal Quebec Canada
1642 Lexington Massachusetts United States [12]
1642 Warwick Rhode Island United States
1643 Basse-Terre Guadeloupe France Territorial capital.
1643 Dolores Hidalgo Guanajuato Mexico
1644 Salvatierra Guanajuato Mexico
1646 New London Connecticut United States
1648 Alcântara Maranhão Brazil [31]
1648 Paranaguá Paraná Brazil
1649 Annapolis Maryland United States
1650 Castries Castries Saint Lucia
1650 Saint George's Saint George Grenada
1651 Norwalk Connecticut United States
1654 Vieux Fort Vieux Fort Saint Lucia
1659 Ciudad Juárez Chihuahua Mexico
1659 El Paso Texas United States
1660 Charlestown Nevis St Kitts & Nevis
1660 Placentia Newfoundland and Labrador Canada French Capital until 1713, originally called Plaisance
1660 Rye New York United States
1664 Cayenne French Guiana France Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in French Guiana.
1664 Quibdó Chocó Colombia
1665 Port-de-Paix Nord-Ouest Haiti
1666 Codrington Barbuda Antigua and Barbuda
1666 Newark New Jersey United States
1667 Paraty Rio de Janeiro Brazil
1668 Sault Ste. Marie Michigan United States [13], oldest city in Michigan.
1670 Boqueirão Paraíba Brazil [32]
1670 Cap-Haïtien Nord Haiti Originally called "Cap-Français"
1670 Charleston South Carolina United States
1672 Charlotte Amalie, St. Thomas U.S. Virgin Islands United States Oldest permanent European settlement in Saint Thomas island.[33] Oldest continuously inhabited Danish established settlement in the Americas.
1673 Kingston Ontario Canada Grew from Fort Frontenac. Continuously inhabited since 1784.
1673 San José de Gracia Aguascalientes Mexico [34]
1673 Worcester Massachusetts United States
1674 Cachoeira Bahia Brazil
1674 Waterbury Connecticut United States
1677 Crosswicks New Jersey United States Quaker settlement. Continuously inhabited since founding.
1680 South Orange New Jersey United States Grew from Newark (later Orange).
1680 Colonia del Sacramento Colonia Uruguay
1681 Cockburn Town Turks and Caicos Islands
1681 Philadelphia Pennsylvania United States
1682 Norfolk Virginia United States
1682 São Borja Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1683 Dover Delaware United States
1685 Escada Pernambuco Brazil
1686 Trinidad Beni Department Bolivia
1687 New Britain Connecticut United States
1687 São Luiz Gonzaga Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1687 São Miguel das Missões Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1687 São Nicolau Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1689 Marigot Saint Martin
1689 San Gil Santander Colombia
1690 Port of Spain Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
1690 São Lourenço das Missões Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1690 Santa Rosa de Viterbo Boyacá Colombia
1692 Villanueva Zacatecas Mexico [35]
1693 Bom Jesus da Lapa Bahia Brazil
1693 Burlington New Jersey United States
1693 Curitiba Paraná Brazil
1693 Kingston St Andrew Jamaica
1695 Nassau New Providence Bahamas
1695 Saint-Marc Artibonite Haiti
1696 Assú Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Declared vila in 1766; cidade in 1845.[36]
1696 Rimouski Quebec Canada
1698 Ambato Tungurahua Ecuador
1698 Pensacola Florida United States Known for being the first European settlement in North America.
1699 Biloxi Mississippi United States
1699 Baton Rouge Louisiana United States
1700 Barreiras Bahia Brazil
1701 Detroit Michigan United States
1701 São João del Rei Minas Gerais Brazil
1702 Jesús María Aguascalientes Mexico [37]
1702 Mobile Alabama United States
1703 Kaskaskia Illinois United States
1705 Bath North Carolina United States
1706 Albuquerque New Mexico United States
1706 Santo Ângelo Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1709 Chihuahua Chihuahua Mexico
1710 Chatham New Jersey United States On land purchased in 1680.
1710 New Bern North Carolina United States Birthplace of Pepsi [38]
1711 Beaufort South Carolina United States
1711 Ouro Preto Minas Gerais Brazil
1714 Natchitoches Louisiana United States Oldest settlement in the Louisiana Purchase
1714 Antonina Paraná Brazil
1714 Laguna Santa Catarina Brazil
1714 Serro Minas Gerais Brazil
1715 (prior to) Kekionga Indiana United States Capital of the Miami tribe.
1716 Natchez Mississippi United States Dates to the founding of Fort Rosalie by the French.[14]
1717 Brejo do Cruz Paraíba Brazil [39]
1717 Zacatecas Zacatecas Mexico [40]
1717 Westborough Massachusetts United States One Hundredth Town in Massachusetts
1718 New Orleans Louisiana United States
1718 Rio de Contas Bahia Brazil
1718 San Antonio Texas United States
1718 Tiradentes Minas Gerais Brazil
1719 Trenton New Jersey United States
1721 Cortazar Guanajuato Mexico
1722 Edenton North Carolina United States
1723 Guaynabo Puerto Rico United States Declared pueblo in 1723; municipio in 1768.[41]
1724 Brattleboro Vermont United States Grew out of Fort Dummer.
1725 Concord New Hampshire United States
1726 Florianópolis Santa Catarina Brazil
1726 Montevideo Montevideo Uruguay
1727 Cuiabá Mato Grosso Brazil
1727 Goiás Goiás Brazil
1727 Pirenópolis Goiás Brazil [42]
1728 Fredericksburg Virginia United States
1728 Inhambupe Bahia Brazil
1728 Nuuk Greenland Norse colony was originally called Godthab. Oldest continuously inhabited European established settlement in Greenland.
1729 Baltimore Maryland United States
1730 Roseau Saint George Dominica
1732 Fredericton New Brunswick Canada Originally called Ste. Anne's Point.
1732 Vincennes Indiana United States
1733 Morretes Paraná Brazil
1733 Pau dos Ferros Rio Grande do Norte Brazil [43]
1733 Richmond Virginia United States [15]
1733 Savannah Georgia United States
1733 Cúcuta Norte de Santander Colombia
1736 Augusta Georgia United States
1737 Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1738 Fort Rouge Manitoba Canada Now Winnipeg, Manitoba.
1738 San José San José Costa Rica
1740 Santa Rosalía de Camargo Chihuahua Mexico
1740 Portalegre Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1740 San Felipe de Puerto Plata Puerto Plata Dominican Republic
1741 Viamão Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1743 Canguaretama Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Declared vila in 1858; cidade in 1885.
1748 Caicó Rio Grande do Norte Brazil Declared vila in 1788; cidade in 1868.
1749 Alexandria Virginia United States
1749 San Ignacio de Velasco Santa Cruz Department Bolivia
1749 Port-au-Prince Ouest Haiti
1749 Halifax Nova Scotia Canada
1749 Windsor Ontario Canada Oldest continually-inhabited settlement in Canada west of Montreal
1751 Manchester New Hampshire United States Former American textile capital - Named after Manchester, England
1752 Buíque Pernambuco Brazil
1752 Patos Paraíba Brazil Declared vila in 1832; cidade in 1903.
1752 Tubac Arizona United States
1754 Augusta Maine United States
1755 Charlotte North Carolina United States
1756 Salto Salto Uruguay
1756 Santa Bárbara de Samaná Samaná Dominican Republic
1756 Yauco Puerto Rico United States [44]
1757 Estância Sergipe Brazil
1758 Pittsburgh Pennsylvania United States
1758 Macapá Amapá Brazil
1760 Arês Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1760 Sabana de la Mar Hato Mayor Dominican Republic
1761 Sacaba Cochabamba Department Bolivia
1762 Kingstown St Vincent Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1762 Parnaíba Piauí Brazil [45]
1762 Shepherdstown West Virginia United States Originally known as Mecklenburg.
1762 Allentown Pennsylvania United States Incorporated as Northamptontown.
1762 Baía da Traição Paraíba Brazil [46]
1763 Burlington Vermont United States
1763 Pánfilo Natera Zacatecas Mexico [47]
1763 Ellsworth Maine United States
1763 Philipsburg Sint Maarten Netherlands
1763 St. Louis Missouri United States
1764 Charlottetown Prince Edward Island Canada
1764 Pointe-à-Pitre Grand Terre Guadeloupe
1765 Port Elizabeth Grenadines Saint Vincent and the Grenadines
1765 Portsmouth Saint John Dominica
1767 Ceará-Mirim Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1767 Araioses Maranhão Brazil [48]
1769 Elizabethton Tennessee United States
1769 Falmouth Trelawny Jamaica
1769 San Diego California United States Grew from Presidio of San Diego
1769 Lapa Paraná Brazil
1770 Monterey California United States Grew from Presidio of Monterey. Original capital of California [16]
1770 Araxá Minas Gerais Brazil
1771 Calvillo Aguascalientes Mexico [49]
1772 Porto Alegre Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1775 Tucson Arizona United States
1774 Castro Paraná Brazil
1775 Lexington Kentucky United States
1775 Boonesborough Kentucky United States Grew from Fort Boonesborough, built by pioneer Daniel Boone.
-
1775 São Lourenço da Mata Pernambuco Brazil District status in 1775; village status in 1884; municipality status in 1890
1776 San Francisco California United States
1776 Sincelejo Sucre Colombia
1777 San Jose California United States Originally known as El Pueblo de San José de Guadalupe, the first town in the Spanish colony of Nueva California, which later became Alta California.
1777 Montería Cordoba Colombia
1778 Corumbá Mato Grosso do Sul Brazil
1778 Louisville Kentucky United States Grew from Fort Nelson, established by explorer George Rogers Clark.
1778 San Francisco de Macorís Duarte Dominican Republic
1779 Jonesborough Tennessee United States Later organized as the lost State of Franklin with Jonesborough as capital 1784.[50]
1779 Nashville Tennessee United States Grew from Fort Nashborough
1780 Codó Maranhão Brazil Declared vila in 1833; cidade in 1896.[51]
1780 Las Matas de Farfán San Juan Dominican Republic
1780 Arauca Arauca Colombia
1781 Montpelier Vermont United States
1781 Los Angeles California United States
1782 Catu Bahia Brazil
1782 Georgetown Demerara-Mahaica Guyana Originally called La Nouvelle Ville.
1783 Vitória da Conquista Bahia Brazil
1784 San Fernando Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
1785 Harrisburg Pennsylvania United States
1785 North Battleford Saskatchewan Canada 1785 fur trading post. 1877 Battleford is capital of the North West Territories. North Battleford incorporated as a city (population 5000+) 1913.[52]
1785 Asheville North Carolina United States
1785 Gustavia Saint Barthélemy
1785 Huntington West Virginia United States
1785 Sydney Nova Scotia Canada
1786 Columbia South Carolina United States
1786 Escada Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1854; cidade in 1873.[53]
1786 Florissant Missouri United States Originally known as St. Ferdinand.
1786 Frankfort Kentucky United States
1786 Portland Maine United States
1787 Boa Ventura Paraíba Brazil [54]
1788 Marietta Ohio United States
1788 Cincinnati Ohio United States
1788 Charleston West Virginia United States Grew from Fort Lee. [17]
1788 Mercedes Soriano Uruguay
1789 Buffalo New York United States
1789 Itambé Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1867; cidade in 1879.[55]
1790 Hamilton Bermuda
1790 Washington District of Columbia United States
1791 Jacksonville Florida United States Known as "Cowford".
1791 Knoxville Tennessee United States
1791 Bangor Maine United States
1792 Raleigh North Carolina United States
1793 Sherbrooke Quebec Canada
1793 Toronto Ontario Canada
1794 Fort Wayne Indiana United States
1795 Edmonton Alberta Canada Grew from Fort Edmonton.
1795 Erie Pennsylvania United States Grew from the French Fort Presque Isle.
1795 Maryville Tennessee United States Grew from the American Fort Craig.
1796 Cleveland Ohio United States
1796 Oranjestad Aruba Netherlands
1797 Chaguanas Trinidad Trinidad and Tobago
1797 Franklinton Ohio United States Eventually absorbed by Columbus, Ohio.
1799 Araruama Rio de Janeiro Brazil
1800 Hull Quebec Canada Formerly known as Wrightville.
1800 Sonsón Antioquia Colombia
1802 Chapadinha Maranhão Brazil [56]
1802 Santa Cruz de Barahona Barahona Dominican Republic
1803 Chicago Illinois United States Grew from Fort Dearborn.
1805 Huntsville Alabama United States
1807 Hot Springs Arkansas United States
1809 Água Preta Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1846; cidade in 1895.[57]
1810 Guarapuava Paraná Brazil
1810 Manchester New Hampshire United States
1810 Pilão Arcado Bahia Brazil
1810 San Bernardino California United States
1811 Garanhuns Pernambuco Brazil
1811 Astoria Oregon United States
1812 Columbus Ohio United States
1812 Pelotas Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Declared vila in 1832; cidade in 1835.[58]
1813 Capela Sergipe Brazil
1813 Chisec Alta Verapaz Guatemala
1813 Barranquilla Atlántico Colombia
1815 Areia Paraíba Brazil [59]
1815 Hamilton Ontario Canada
1816 Alagoinhas Bahia Brazil
1816 Chattanooga Tennessee United States Originally named Ross's Landing.
1816 Saginaw Michigan United States
1816 Savaneta Aruba Netherlands
1817 Fort Smith Arkansas United States
1818 Itaguaí Rio de Janeiro Brazil
1819 Montgomery Alabama United States Near the site of the earlier French Fort Toulouse.
1819 Springfield Illinois United States
1819 Managua Managua Nicaragua
1819 Memphis Tennessee United States Near the site of the earlier French Fort Prudhomme.
1819 Palmeira Paraná Brazil
1819 Tuscaloosa Alabama United States Former state capital, grew from former Native American settlements beginning in 1580. [18]
1820 Cotegipe Bahia Brazil
1821 Little Rock Arkansas United States
1821 Indianapolis Indiana United States
1821 Jefferson City Missouri United States
1821 Decatur Alabama United States
1822 Ponta Grossa Paraná Brazil
1822 Jackson Mississippi United States
1823 Tampa Florida United States Grew from earlier military post Fort Brooke.
1824 Vancouver Washington United States
1824 Tallahassee Florida United States
1825 Vicksburg Mississippi United States
1825 Grand Rapids Michigan United States
1825 Syracuse New York United States incorporated as village; received city charter in 1847
1826 Ipiranga Paraná Brazil
1826 London Ontario Canada
1826 Bytown Ontario Canada Now Ottawa, Ontario.
1827 Fort Leavenworth Kansas United States
1827 St. Andrews Florida United States Now part of Panama City
1831 Greenville South Carolina United States
1831 Piracanjuba Goiás Brazil [60]
1832 Goianinha Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1828 Key West Florida United States
1832 Touros Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1833 Bananeiras Paraíba Brazil [61]
1833 Juazeiro Bahia Brazil
1833 Kitchener Ontario Canada Originally called Berlin.
1833 Milwaukee Wisconsin United States
1833 Nazaré da Mata Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1833; cidade in 1850.[62]
1833 Rio Formoso Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1833; cidade in 1850.[63]
1833 Vassouras Rio de Janeiro Brazil
1835 Austin Texas United States
1835 Barra do Corda Maranhão Brazil [64]
1835 Curupuru Maranhão Brazil Declared vila in 1841; cidade in 1920.[65]
1836 Davenport Iowa United States
1836 Oshawa Ontario Canada
1836 Shreveport Louisiana United States
1836 Madison Wisconsin United States
1836 Tulsa Oklahoma United States The Lochapoka named their new settlement "Tulasi," meaning "old town"
1837 Glória do Goitá Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1877; cidade in 1884.[66]
1837 Lansing Michigan United States
1837 Houston Texas United States
1838 Divina Pastora Sergipe Brazil
1838 Kansas City Missouri United States
1838 St Paul Minnesota United States
1839 Santa Rita Paraíba Brazil Declared vila in 1890; cidade in 1924.
1840 Summerside Prince Edward Island Canada
1840 Villavicencio Meta Colombia
1841 Cedar Rapids Iowa United States
1841 Dallas Texas United States
1842 Piatã Bahia Brazil
1842 Salem Oregon United States
1843 Atlanta Georgia United States Originally known as Terminus, later renamed Marthasville. Acquired the name Atlanta in 1847.
1843 Des Moines Iowa United States
1843 Stanley East Falkland Falkland Islands
1843 Uruguaiana Rio Grande do Sul Brazil Declared vila in 1846; cidade in 1874.[67]
1843 Victoria British Columbia Canada
1844 Lençóis Bahia Brazil
1845 Araruna Paraíba Brazil [68]
1845 Portland Oregon United States
1847 Alagoa Grande Paraíba Brazil Declared vila in 1865; cidade in 1908.
1847 Salt Lake City Utah United States Originally known as Great Salt Lake City.
1848 Caruaru Pernambuco Brazil First municipality in the [Agreste] region of Pernambuco state, Brazil.[69]
1848 Rio Verde Goiás Brazil [70]
1848 Sacramento California United States
1849 Provo Utah United States
1849 Manizales Caldas Colombia
1851 San Luis Colorado United States
1851 Seattle Washington United States
1851 Jericó Antioquia Colombia
1852 Mossoró Rio Grande do Norte Brazil
1852 São José dos Pinhais Paraná Brazil
1852 Colón Colón Panama
1853 Olympia Washington United States
1854 Omaha Nebraska United States
1854 Anajatuba Maranhão Brazil [71]
1854 Topeka Kansas United States
1855 Aracaju Sergipe Brazil
1856 Lincoln Nebraska United States Originally called Lancaster.
1856 O'Fallon Missouri United States
1856 Sioux Falls South Dakota United States
1857 Boquim Sergipe Brazil
1858 Carson City Nevada United States
1858 Denver Colorado United States
1859 Yankton South Dakota United States
1860 Chico California United States
1863 Boise Idaho United States
1863 Wichita Kansas United States
1864 Casper Wyoming United States Originally called Platte Bridge Station.
1864 Helena Montana United States
1864 Salinas California United States [19]
1866 Prince Albert Saskatchewan Canada Settled by Rev. James Nisbet. Incorporated as city (population 5000+) October 8, 1904[72]
1867 Cheyenne Wyoming United States
1867 Gameleira Pernambuco Brazil
1867 Minneapolis Minnesota United States
1868 Colinas Maranhão Brazil Declared vila in 1870; cidade in 1891.[73]
1868 Phoenix Arizona United States
1870 Afogados da Ingazeira Pernambuco Brazil
1870 Campo Largo Paraná Brazil
1870 Puerto Limon Limon Costa Rica
1871 Águas Belas Pernambuco Brazil
1871 Alto Parnaíba Maranhão Brazil [74]
1871 Birmingham Alabama United States
1871 Colorado Springs Colorado United States
1871 Fargo North Dakota United States
1871 Imbituva Paraná Brazil
1871 São João do Triunfo Paraná Brazil
1872 Anniston Alabama United States
1872 Bismarck North Dakota United States
1872 Tibagi Paraná Brazil
1873 Jaboatão dos Guararapes Pernambuco Brazil First settlement in 1593; village status in 1873; city status in 1884
1873 Timbaúba Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1879; cidade in 1884.[75]
1875 Orlando Florida United States
1875 Calgary Alberta Canada Grew from Fort Calgary
1875 Humboldt Saskatchewan Canada Incorporated as a city (population 5000+) November 7, 2000[76]
1876 Boa Vista Paraíba Brazil [77]
1876 Cajapió Maranhão Brazil [78]
1876 Rapid City South Dakota United States
1877 Billings Montana United States
1877 Jaquimeyes Barahona Dominican Republic
1878 Coeur d'Alene Idaho United States
1878 Colombo Paraná Brazil
1879 Vicência Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1891; cidade in 1928.[79]
1880 Pierre South Dakota United States
1881 Juneau Alaska United States
1881 Moose Jaw Saskatchewan Canada Incorporated as a city (population 5000+) November 1903.[80]
1882 Brandon Manitoba Canada
1882 Mao Valverde Dominican Republic
1882 Restauración Dajabón Dominican Republic
1882 Yorkton Saskatchewan Canada The York Farmers’ Colonization Company Limited settlement May 12, 1882. City (population 5000+) incorporated February 1, 1928.[81]
1882 Swift Current Saskatchewan Canada Canadian Pacific Railway arrival December 10, 1882. City (population 5000+) incorporated January 15, 1914.[82]
1882 Regina Saskatchewan Canada Settlement first named Pile O' Bones, and renamed Regina. Capital city of SK. Incorporated as a city (population 5000+) June 19, 1903[83]
1882 Rio Branco Acre Brazil
1883 Saskatoon Saskatchewan Canada Temperance Colony founded at Nutana. Riversdale, Nutana, and Saskatoon incorporated as a city (population 5000+) in 1906.[84]
1884 Melfort Saskatchewan Canada Stoney Creek Settlement began in 1884. Incorporated as a city (population 5000+) on July 1, 1907.[85]
1886 Vancouver British Columbia Canada
1887 Gulfport Mississippi United States [20]
1888 Virginia Beach Virginia United States Grew from Seatack community.
1889 Oklahoma City Oklahoma United States
1889 Whiting Indiana United States
1890 Ijuí Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1892 Aliança Pernambuco Brazil Declared vila in 1909; cidade in 1928.[86]
1892 Catende Pernambuco Brazil Created in 1892 as a district of Palmares. Autonomous municipality in 1909.
1892 Estevan Saskatchewan Canada CPR arrives 1893. Incorporated as city (population 5000+) March 1, 1957[87]
1892 Guayaramerín Beni Bolivia
1892 Restauración Dajabón Dominican Republic
1892 Vernon British Columbia Canada
1893 Araripina Pernambuco Brazil Created in 1893 as a district of Ouricuri. Autonomous municipality in 1928.
1893 Catuípe Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
1894 Riberalta Beni Bolivia
1895 Traverse City Michigan United States
1896 Condado Pernambuco Brazil Declared cidade in 1958.[88]
1896 Inhumas Goiás Brazil [89]
1896 Miami Florida United States
1896 Santa Catalina la Tinta Alta Verapaz Guatemala
1897 Jequié Bahia Brazil
1897 Nelson British Columbia Canada
1898 Weyburn Saskatchewan Canada Signal Hill settlement. Weyburn incorporated as a city (population 5000+) 1913.[90]
1898 Chetumal Quintana Roo Mexico Originally called Payo Obispo.
1899 Porto Acre Acre Brazil
1900 Afrânio Pernambuco Brazil Created in 1900 as a district of Petrolina. Autonomous municipality in 1963.
1901 Fairbanks Alaska United States
1902 Florencia Caquetá Colombia
1903 Lloydminster Saskatchewan Canada Brittania colony settled by Rev. Exton Lloyd and Rev. Isaac Barr. Incorporated as a city (population 5000+) in 1958.[91]
1904 Cruzeiro do Sul Acre Brazil
1904 Grytviken South Georgia
1904 Sena Madureira Acre Brazil
1904 Xapuri Acre Brazil
1906 Cobija Pando Bolivia
1906 Feijó Acre Brazil
1907 Melville Saskatchewan Canada Incorporated as a city (population 5000+) August 1, 1960[92]
1907 Tarauacá Acre Brazil
1908 São Mateus do Sul Paraná Brazil
1909 Estreito Maranhão Brazil [93]
1910 Brasiléia Acre Brazil
1910 Kindersley Saskatchewan Canada
1910 Porto Walter Acre Brazil
1910 Villazón Potosí Bolivia
1911 Las Vegas Nevada United States
1914 Anchorage Alaska United States
1915 Yopal Casanare Colombia
1928 Leticia Amazonas Colombia
1929 Pabellón de Arteaga Aguascalientes Mexico [94]
1930 Puerto Carreño Vichada Colombia
1931 Loreto Zacatecas Mexico [95]
1935 Yellowknife Northwest Territories Canada
1935 Mitú Vaupés Colombia
1938 San José del Guaviare Guaviare Colombia
1942 Iqaluit Nunavut Canada Originally called Frobisher Bay.
1955 Freeport Grand Bahama Bahamas
1957 Ciudad del Este Alto Paraná Paraguay Originally called Puerto Flor de Lis.
1957 Rankin Inlet Nunavut Canada
1960 Brasília Distrito Federal Brazil Created in 1960 as the national capital.
1970 Belmopan Cayo Belize
1970 Linden Upper Demerara-Berbice Guyana City formed by combining the towns of Christianburg, MacKenzie, and Wismar.
1970 Cancún Quintana Roo Mexico
1974 Inírida Guainía Colombia
1989 Palmas Tocantins Brazil Was founded 1 year after the creation of the State of Tocantins. It's the newest and smallest Brazilian capital city.
See also[edit]
European colonization of the Americas
References[edit]
Jump up ^ "Jornal do Commercio". 9 March 1999. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Página Oficial da Prefeitura da Cidade de Olinda". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Página Oficial da Prefeitura da Cidade do Recife". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ [citation needed]
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-05-20. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Ciudades mas antiguas de la Republica Argentina". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Goiana, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-06-03. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Página Oficial de Municipio Autónomo de San Germán, Puerto Rico". Archived from the original on 2008-06-05. Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno Municipal de Coamo". Archived from the original on 2008-05-12. Retrieved 2008-07-26.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-09-30. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Ciudades mas antiguas de la Republica Argentina". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-05-27. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Sirinhaém, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Vitória de Santo Antão, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on June 1, 2007. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Charlotte Amalia Historic District - National Park Service". Retrieved 2008-07-26.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on May 30, 2007. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-05-20. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura do Assú". Retrieved 2008-08-28.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ Jones Jr., Victor (2012-02-17). "Swiss and Palatines to New Bern". Retrieved 2013-01-02.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Historia - Municipio Autónomo de Guaynabo". Retrieved 2008-07-26.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de Pirenópolis". Retrieved 2008-11-08. [dead link]
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de Pau dos Ferros". Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Yauco en la historia". Archived from the original on October 27, 2009. Retrieved 2008-07-26. CS1 maint: Unfit url (link)
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura de Parnaíba". Archived from the original on October 17, 2008. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Araioses". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ Jonesborough, Tennessee
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Codó". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "History of the Battlefords - Historic Perspective". Battlefords Tourism. 2004. Archived from the original on 2007-09-01. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Escada, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Itambé, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Chapadinha". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Água Preta, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura de Pelotas". Retrieved 2008-08-28.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de Piracanjuba". Retrieved 2008-11-08.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Nazaré da Mata, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Rio Formoso, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Barra do Corda". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Curupuru". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Glória do Goitá, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de Uruguaiana". Archived from the original on 2008-04-23. Retrieved 2008-08-28.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Página Oficial da Prefeitura da Cidade de Caruaru". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de Rio Verde". Retrieved 2008-11-08.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "City of Saskatoon · City Council · City History". PAREDA - Tourism Prince Albert. 2005. Archived from the original on 2008-03-04. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Colinas". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Alto Parnaíba". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Timbaúba, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "The Official Web Site for the City of Humboldt". City of Humboldt. 2008. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Federação das Associações de Municípios da Paraíba". Retrieved 2008-12-11.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Barra do Corda". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Vicência, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Our Early History - Moose Jaw". Archived from the original on 2008-02-25. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "City of Yorkton - History and Folklore Summary - 1882 to 1889". 2005. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "tourism swift current - history of swift current, saskatchewan, canada". City of Swift Current. 2005. Archived from the original on 2007-10-10. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "City of Regina - School Projects". Archived from the original on 2008-02-14. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "City of Saskatoon · City Council · City History". Archived from the original on 2007-10-17. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "The Development of Melfort". Welcome to The City of Melfort - The City of Northern Lights. October 21, 2002. Archived from the original on 2007-10-10. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Aliança, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ King, Andrew (2005) [1967]. "Estevan The Power Centre". Estevan Public Library. Archived from the original on 2007-08-07. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Condado, Programa de Apoio ao Desenvolvimento Sustentável a Zona da Mata de Pernambuco - PROMATA". Retrieved 2008-07-23.
Jump up ^ "Prefeitura Municipal de Inhumas". Archived from the original on 2008-09-19. Retrieved 2008-11-08.
Jump up ^ "Weyburn - The Opportunity City". 2004. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Lloydminster History - Official Centennial Site 1903–2003". October 21, 2002. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "City of Melville, SK - Canada". Archived from the original on 2008-03-02. Retrieved 2008-02-16.
Jump up ^ "Federação dos Municípios do Estado do Maranhão (FAMEM) - Estreito". Archived from the original on January 15, 2009. Retrieved 2009-02-03.
Jump up ^ "Gobierno del Estado de Aguascalientes". Retrieved 2008-12-10.
Jump up ^ "Enciclopedia de los Municipios de México". Archived from the original on 2007-05-22. Retrieved 2008-12-10.
External links[edit]
Gary S. Breschini, Ph.D. "The Founding of Monterey", The Monterey County Historical Society, 1996. Accessed June 15, 2007.
Kent Seavey. "A Short History of Salinas, California", The Monterey County Historical Society, 2006. Accessed June 15, 2007.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_cities_in_the_Americas_by_year_of_foundation&oldid=827768739"
Categories:
Timelines of North American history
United States history-related lists
Historical geography
Lists of cities in the Americas
Lists of cities in the United States
Hidden categories:
All articles with unsourced statements
Articles with unsourced statements from December 2008
All articles with dead external links
Articles with dead external links from June 2016
CS1 maint: Unfit url
Articles needing additional references from February 2008
All articles needing additional references
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
Languages
Add links
This page was last edited on 26 February 2018, at 16:49.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: alt src width height srcset data-file-width data-file-height

value: b

attrs: class href

values: Help:Introduction to referencing with Wiki Markup/1

value: span

value: small

values: plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove

values:
headerSort
0
columnheader button
Sort ascending

values:
/wiki/Puerto_Hormiga_Culture
mw-redirect
Puerto Hormiga Culture

values:
/wiki/Norte_Chico_(Peruvian_region)
mw-redirect
Norte Chico (Peruvian region)

values:
/wiki/Guatemala_city
mw-redirect
Guatemala city

values:
/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)
mw-redirect
Yucatán (state)

values:
/wiki/M%C3%A9xico_(state)
mw-redirect
México (state)

values:
/wiki/Tula,_Hidalgo
mw-redirect
Tula, Hidalgo

values:
/wiki/Estado_de_Mexico
mw-redirect
Estado de Mexico

values:
/wiki/Mexico_State
mw-redirect
Mexico State

values:
/wiki/Zuni_Pueblo
mw-redirect
Zuni Pueblo

values:
/wiki/Chimaltenango_(department)
mw-redirect
Chimaltenango (department)

values:
/wiki/Puerto_Plata_(province)
mw-redirect
Puerto Plata (province)

values:
/wiki/Santa_Cruz_del_Seibo
mw-redirect
Santa Cruz del Seibo

values:
/wiki/Azua_de_Compostela
mw-redirect
Azua de Compostela

values:
/wiki/S%C3%A1nchez_Ram%C3%ADrez
mw-redirect
Sánchez Ramírez

values:
/wiki/La_Altagracia
mw-redirect
La Altagracia

values:
/wiki/Monse%C3%B1or_Nouel
mw-redirect
Monseñor Nouel

values:
/wiki/Santa_Maria_la_Antigua_del_Darien
mw-redirect
Santa Maria la Antigua del Darien

values:
/wiki/Veracruz,_Veracruz
mw-redirect
Veracruz, Veracruz

values:
/wiki/Panama_Viejo
mw-redirect
Panama Viejo

values:
/wiki/Sucre_State
mw-redirect
Sucre State

values:
/wiki/Granada_(department)
mw-redirect
Granada (department)

values:
/wiki/Chimaltenango,_Chimaltenango
mw-redirect
Chimaltenango, Chimaltenango

values:
/wiki/Nu%C3%B1o_Beltr%C3%A1n
mw-redirect
Nuño Beltrán

values:
/wiki/Puebla,_Puebla
mw-redirect
Puebla, Puebla

values:
/wiki/Toribio_de_Benavente
mw-redirect
Toribio de Benavente

values:
/wiki/Oaxaca,_Oaxaca
mw-redirect
Oaxaca, Oaxaca

values:
/wiki/Cartagena_de_Indias
mw-redirect
Cartagena de Indias

values:
/wiki/Bol%C3%ADvar_(department)
mw-redirect
Bolívar (department)

values:
/wiki/Imbabura_provincia
mw-redirect
Imbabura provincia

values:
/wiki/Santiago_de_Cali
mw-redirect
Santiago de Cali

values:
/wiki/Valle_del_Cauca
mw-redirect
Valle del Cauca

values:
/wiki/Cort%C3%A9s_(department)
mw-redirect
Cortés (department)

values:
/wiki/Campeche,_Campeche
mw-redirect
Campeche, Campeche

values:
/wiki/Santiago,_Chile
mw-redirect
Santiago, Chile

values:
/wiki/Guadalajara,_Jalisco
mw-redirect
Guadalajara, Jalisco

values:
/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Mexico
mw-redirect
Mérida, Mexico

values:
/wiki/Cob%C3%A1n,_Cob%C3%A1n
mw-redirect
Cobán, Cobán

values:
/wiki/Alta_Verapaz
mw-redirect
Alta Verapaz

values:
/wiki/Sao_Paulo_(state)
mw-redirect
Sao Paulo (state)

values:
/wiki/Zacatecas,_Zacatecas
mw-redirect
Zacatecas, Zacatecas

values:
/wiki/Vit%C3%B3ria,_Brazil
mw-redirect
Vitória, Brazil

values:
/wiki/Sonsonate,_Sonsonate
mw-redirect
Sonsonate, Sonsonate

values:
/wiki/San_Juan_Province_(Argentina)
mw-redirect
San Juan Province (Argentina)

values: Río Grande, Zacatecas (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Rio_de_Janeiro_State
mw-redirect
Rio de Janeiro State

values:
/wiki/Venezuelan_Capital_District
mw-redirect
Venezuelan Capital District

values:
/wiki/Jerez,_Zacatecas
mw-redirect
Jerez, Zacatecas

values:
/wiki/Huancavelica_region
mw-redirect
Huancavelica region

values:
/wiki/San_German,_Puerto_Rico
mw-redirect
San German, Puerto Rico

values:
/wiki/C%C3%B3rdoba_Province_(Argentina)
mw-redirect
Córdoba Province (Argentina)

values:
/wiki/Santa_F%C3%A9,_Argentina
mw-redirect
Santa Fé, Argentina

values:
/wiki/Santa_F%C3%A9_Province
mw-redirect
Santa Fé Province

values:
/wiki/Tarija,_Bolivia
mw-redirect
Tarija, Bolivia

values:
/wiki/City_of_Aguascalientes
mw-redirect
City of Aguascalientes

values:
/wiki/St_John%27s,_Newfoundland
mw-redirect
St John's, Newfoundland

values:
/wiki/Concepci%C3%B3n_del_Oro
mw-redirect
Concepción del Oro

values:
/wiki/Portobelo,_Panama
mw-redirect
Portobelo, Panama

values:
/wiki/Tadoussac,_Quebec
mw-redirect
Tadoussac, Quebec

values:
/wiki/David,_Panama
mw-redirect
David, Panama

values: Port Royal, Annapolis County, Nova Scotia

values:
/wiki/Leon,_Nicaragua
mw-redirect
Leon, Nicaragua

values: Harbour Grace, Newfoundland and Labrador

values:
/wiki/Boston,_Massachusetts
mw-redirect
Boston, Massachusetts

values:
/wiki/Paramaribo,_Suriname
mw-redirect
Paramaribo, Suriname

values:
/wiki/Speightstown,_Barbados
mw-redirect
Speightstown, Barbados

values:
/wiki/Hidalgo_del_Parral
mw-redirect
Hidalgo del Parral

values:
/wiki/Chihuahua,_Chihuahua
mw-redirect
Chihuahua, Chihuahua

values:
/wiki/Trois-Rivi%C3%A8res,_Quebec
mw-redirect
Trois-Rivières, Quebec

values:
/wiki/Belize_City,_Belize
mw-redirect
Belize City, Belize

values:
/wiki/Placentia,_Newfoundland
mw-redirect
Placentia, Newfoundland

values:
/wiki/Codrington,_Barbuda
mw-redirect
Codrington, Barbuda

values:
nofollow
http://www.sault-sainte-marie.mi.us/
external autonumber

values: Boqueirão, Paraíba (page does not exist)

values: Newark (later Orange) (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Philadelphia,_Pennsylvania
mw-redirect
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania

values:
/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Borja
mw-redirect
São Borja

values: São Lourenço das Missões (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Rimouski,_Quebec
mw-redirect
Rimouski, Quebec

values:
/wiki/Antonina_(Brazil)
mw-redirect
Antonina (Brazil)

values:
/wiki/Miami_tribe
mw-redirect
Miami tribe

values:
/wiki/New_Orleans,_Louisiana
mw-redirect
New Orleans, Louisiana

values:
/wiki/San_Antonio,_Texas
mw-redirect
San Antonio, Texas

values:
/wiki/Baltimore,_Maryland
mw-redirect
Baltimore, Maryland

values:
/wiki/Roseau,_Dominica
mw-redirect
Roseau, Dominica

values:
/wiki/Fredericton,_New_Brunswick
mw-redirect
Fredericton, New Brunswick

values:
/wiki/Winnipeg,_Manitoba
mw-redirect
Winnipeg, Manitoba

values:
/wiki/Camargo_(Chihuahua)
mw-redirect
Camargo (Chihuahua)

values:
/wiki/San_Felipe_de_Puerto_Plata
mw-redirect
San Felipe de Puerto Plata

values:
/wiki/Halifax_Regional_Municipality
mw-redirect
Halifax Regional Municipality

values:
/wiki/Patos,_Brazil
mw-redirect
Patos, Brazil

values:
/wiki/Pittsburgh,_Pennsylvania
mw-redirect
Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania

values:
/wiki/Saint_Vincent_(island)
mw-redirect
Saint Vincent (island)

values:
/wiki/St._Louis,_Missouri
mw-redirect
St. Louis, Missouri

values: Port Elizabeth, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines

values:
/wiki/Trelawny_Parish,_Jamaica
mw-redirect
Trelawny Parish, Jamaica

values:
/wiki/San_Diego,_California
mw-redirect
San Diego, California

values:
/wiki/Presidio_of_Monterey
mw-redirect
Presidio of Monterey

values:
/wiki/Fort_Boonesborough
mw-redirect
Fort Boonesborough

values:
/wiki/San_Francisco,_California
mw-redirect
San Francisco, California

values:
/wiki/Los_Angeles,_California
mw-redirect
Los Angeles, California

values:
/wiki/North_Battleford,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
North Battleford, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Battleford,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Battleford, Saskatchewan

values: Boa Ventura, Brazil (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Cincinnati,_Ohio
mw-redirect
Cincinnati, Ohio

values:
/wiki/Sherbrooke,_Quebec
mw-redirect
Sherbrooke, Quebec

values:
/wiki/Cleveland,_Ohio
mw-redirect
Cleveland, Ohio

values:
/wiki/Chaguanas,_Trinidad_and_Tobago
mw-redirect
Chaguanas, Trinidad and Tobago

values:
/wiki/Franklinton,_Ohio
mw-redirect
Franklinton, Ohio

values:
/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Barahona
mw-redirect
Santa Cruz de Barahona

values:
/wiki/Managua,_Nicaragua
mw-redirect
Managua, Nicaragua

values:
/wiki/Indianapolis,_Indiana
mw-redirect
Indianapolis, Indiana

values:
/wiki/Ottawa,_Ontario
mw-redirect
Ottawa, Ontario

values:
/wiki/Fort_Leavenworth,_Kansas
mw-redirect
Fort Leavenworth, Kansas

values: St. Andrews, Florida (page does not exist)

values:
/wiki/Key_West,_Florida
mw-redirect
Key West, Florida

values:
/wiki/Milwaukee,_Wisconsin
mw-redirect
Milwaukee, Wisconsin

values:
/wiki/Oshawa,_Ontario
mw-redirect
Oshawa, Ontario

values:
/wiki/Houston,_Texas
mw-redirect
Houston, Texas

values:
/wiki/St_Paul,_Minnesota
mw-redirect
St Paul, Minnesota

values:
/wiki/Dallas,_Texas
mw-redirect
Dallas, Texas

values:
/wiki/Atlanta,_Georgia
mw-redirect
Atlanta, Georgia

values:
/wiki/Salt_Lake_City,_Utah
mw-redirect
Salt Lake City, Utah

values:
/wiki/Seattle,_Washington
mw-redirect
Seattle, Washington

values:
/wiki/Denver,_Colorado
mw-redirect
Denver, Colorado

values:
/wiki/Minneapolis,_Minnesota
mw-redirect
Minneapolis, Minnesota

values:
/wiki/Puerto_Limon,_Costa_Rica
mw-redirect
Puerto Limon, Costa Rica

values:
/wiki/Moose_Jaw,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Yorkton,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Yorkton, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Swift_Current,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Swift Current, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Saskatoon,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Saskatoon, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Nutana,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Nutana, Saskatchewan

values: Central Business District, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan

values:
nofollow
http://gulfport.publish-now.com/
external autonumber

values:
/wiki/Oklahoma_City,_Oklahoma
mw-redirect
Oklahoma City, Oklahoma

values:
/wiki/Estevan,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Estevan, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Traverse_City
mw-redirect
Traverse City

values:
/wiki/Miami,_Florida
mw-redirect
Miami, Florida

values:
/wiki/Weyburn,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Weyburn, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Lloydminster,_Saskatchewan
mw-redirect
Lloydminster, Saskatchewan

values:
/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada
mw-redirect
Las Vegas, Nevada

values:
/wiki/Alto_Paran%C3%A1
mw-redirect
Alto Paraná

values:
/wiki/Belmopan,_Belize
mw-redirect
Belmopan, Belize

values: This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2008)

values:
noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact
white-space:nowrap;

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina20.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina32.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina147.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina145.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina42.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina152.htm

values:
nofollow
http://www.rioverdegoias.com.br/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina28.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.patourism.ca/history.aspx

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina149.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina25.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina114.htm

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.cityofmelfort.ca/about.htm

values:
nofollow
http://city.weyburn.sk.ca/
external text

values:
nofollow
http://www.lloydminster.net/
external text

values:
nofollow
external text
http://www.famem.org.br/Pagina157.htm

values: -moz-column-width: 33em; -webkit-column-width: 33em; column-width: 33em; list-style-type: decimal;

values: Category:Timelines of North American history

values: Category:United States history-related lists

values: Category:Lists of cities in the Americas

values: Category:Lists of cities in the United States

values: Category:All articles with unsourced statements

values: Category:Articles with unsourced statements from December 2008

values: Category:All articles with dead external links

values: Category:Articles with dead external links from June 2016

values: Category:Articles needing additional references from February 2008

values: Category:All articles needing additional references

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: p-namespaces navigation vectorTabs p-namespaces-label

values:
p-variants
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-variants-label

values: Past revisions of this page [ctrl-alt-h]

values: p-views navigation vectorTabs p-views-label

values:
p-cactions
navigation
vectorMenu emptyPortlet
p-cactions-label

values:
mw-wiki-logo
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page

values:
/wiki/Main_Page
Visit the main page [ctrl-alt-z]
z

values: Featured content – the best of Wikipedia

values: Find background information on current events

values:
/wiki/Special:Random
Load a random article [ctrl-alt-x]
x

values: portal navigation p-navigation p-navigation-label

values: Guidance on how to use and edit Wikipedia

values: Permanent link to this revision of the page

values: Link to connected data repository item [ctrl-alt-g]

values: Printable version of this page [ctrl-alt-p]

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-List_of_cities_in_the_Americas_by_year_of_foundation rootpage-List_of_cities_in_the_Americas_by_year_of_foundation skin-vector action-view


text:
Vanishing point
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For other uses, see Vanishing point (disambiguation).
A vanishing point can be seen at the far end of this railroad.
A vanishing point is a point on the image plane of a perspective drawing where the two-dimensional perspective projections (or drawings) of mutually parallel lines in three-dimensional space appear to converge. When the set of parallel lines is perpendicular to a picture plane, the construction is known as one-point perspective, and their vanishing point corresponds to the oculus, or "eye point", from which the image should be viewed for correct perspective geometry.[1] Traditional linear drawings use objects with one to three sets of parallels, defining one to three vanishing points.
Part of a series on
Graphical projection
Planar[show]
Parallel projection
Orthographic projection
Multiview projection
Axonometric projection
Isometric projection
Oblique projection
Perspective projection
Curvilinear perspective
Reverse perspective
Views[show]
2.5D
Bird's-eye view
Cross section
Cutaway drawing
Exploded view drawing
Fisheye lens
Panorama
Worm's-eye view
Zoom lens
Topics[show]
3D projection
Anamorphosis
Axonometry
Computer graphics
Computer-aided design
Descriptive geometry
Engineering drawing
Map projection
Picture plane
Plans (drawings)
Projection (linear algebra)
Projection plane
Projective geometry
Stereoscopy
Technical drawing
Vanishing point
Video game graphics
Viewing frustum
v
t
e
Contents
[hide]
1 Vector notation
2 Theorem
3 Vanishing line
4 Properties of vanishing points
5 Curvilinear and reverse perspective
6 Detection of vanishing points
7 Applications of vanishing points
8 See also
9 References
10 External links
Vector notation[edit]
A 2D construction of perspective viewing, showing the formation of a vanishing point
The vanishing point may also be referred to as the "direction point", as lines having the same directional vector, say D, will have the same vanishing point or converge at the same vanishing points. Mathematically, let q ≡ (x, y, f) be a point lying on the image plane, where f is the focal length (of the camera associated with the image), and let vq ≡ (x/h, y/h, f/h) be the unit vector associated with q, where h = √x2 + y2 + f2. If we consider a straight line in space S with the unit vector ns ≡ (nx, ny, nz) and its vanishing point vs, the unit vector associated with vs is equal to ns, assuming both are assumed to point towards the image plane.[2]
When the image plane is parallel to two world-coordinate axes, lines parallel to the axis which is cut by this image plane will meet at infinity i.e. at the vanishing point. Lines parallel to the other two axes will not form vanishing points as they are parallel to the image plane. This is one-point perspective. Similarly, when the image plane intersects two world-coordinate axes, lines parallel to those planes will meet at infinity and form two vanishing points. This is called two-point perspective. In three-point perspective the image plane intersects the x, y, and z axes and therefore lines parallel to these axes intersect, resulting in three different vanishing points.
See also: Property 1 below
Theorem[edit]
The vanishing point theorem is the principal theorem in the science of perspective. It says that the image in a picture plane π of a line L in space, not parallel to the picture, is determined by its intersection with π and its vanishing point. Some authors have used the phrase, "the image of a line includes its vanishing point". Guidobaldo del Monte gave several verifications, and Humphry Ditton called the result the "main and Great Proposition".[3] Brook Taylor wrote the first book in English on perspective in 1714, which introduced the term "vanishing point" and was the first to fully explain the geometry of multipoint perspective, and historian Kirsti Andersen compiled these observations.[1]:244–6 She notes, in terms of projective geometry, the vanishing point is the image of the point at infinity associated with L, as the sightline from O through the vanishing point is parallel to L.
Vanishing line[edit]
As a vanishing point originates in a line, so a vanishing line originates in a plane α that is not parallel to the picture π. Given the eye point O, and β the plane parallel to α and lying on O, then the vanishing line of α is β ∩ π. For example, when α is the ground plane and β is the horizon plane, then the vanishing line of α is the horizon line β ∩ π. Anderson notes, "Only one particular vanishing line occurs, often referred to as the "horizon".[1]:249, 503–6
To put it simply, the vanishing line of some plane, say α, is obtained by the intersection of the image plane with another plane, say β, parallel to the plane of interest (α), passing through the camera center. For different sets of lines parallel to this plane α, their respective vanishing points will lie on this vanishing line. The horizon line is a theoretical line that represents the eye level of the observer. If the object is below the horizon line, its vanishing lines angle up to the horizon line. If the object is above, they slope down. All vanishing lines end at the horizon line.
Properties of vanishing points[edit]
1. Projections of two sets of parallel lines lying in some plane πA appear to converge, i.e. the vanishing point associated with that pair, on a horizon line, or vanishing line H formed by the intersection of the image plane with the plane parallel to πA and passing through the pinhole. Proof: Consider the ground plane π, as y = c which is, for the sake of simplicity, orthogonal to the image plane. Also, consider a line L that lies in the plane π, which is defined by the equation ax + bz = d. Using perspective pinhole projections, a point on L projected on the image plane will have coordinates defined as,
x′ = f·x/z = f·d − bz/az
y′ = f·y/z = f·c/z
This is the parametric representation of the image L′ of the line L with z as the parameter. When z → −∞ it stops at the point (x′,y′) = (−fb/a,0) on the x′ axis of the image plane. This is the vanishing point corresponding to all parallel lines with slope −b/a in the plane π. All vanishing points associated with different lines with different slopes belonging to plane π will lie on the x′ axis, which in this case is the horizon line.
2. Let A, B, and C be three mutually orthogonal straight lines in space and vA ≡ (xA, yA, f), vB ≡ (xB, yB, f), vC ≡ (xC, yC, f) be the three corresponding vanishing points respectively. If we know the coordinates of one of these points, say vA, and the direction of a straight line on the image plane, which passes through a second point, say vB, we can compute the coordinates of both vB and vC [2]
3. Let A, B, and C be three mutually orthogonal straight lines in space and vA ≡ (xA, yA, f), vB ≡ (xB, yB, f), vC ≡ (xC, yC, f) be the three corresponding vanishing points respectively. The orthocenter of the triangle with vertices in the three vanishing points is the intersection of the optical axis and the image plane.[2]
Curvilinear and reverse perspective[edit]
A curvilinear perspective is a drawing with either 4 or 5 vanishing points. In 5-point perspective the vanishing points are mapped into a circle with 4 vanishing points at the cardinal headings N, W, S, E and one at the circle's origin.
A reverse perspective is a drawing with vanishing points that are placed outside the painting with the illusion that they are "in front of" the painting.
Single point perspective projection.
Double point perspective projection.
Pietro Perugino's use of perspective in the Delivery of the Keys fresco at the Sistine Chapel (1481–82) helped bring the Renaissance to Rome.
Detection of vanishing points[edit]
Several methods for vanishing point detection make use of the line segments detected in images. Other techniques involve considering the intensity gradients of the image pixels directly.
There are significantly large numbers of vanishing points present in an image. Therefore, the aim is to detect the vanishing points that correspond to the principal directions of a scene. This is generally achieved in two steps. The first step, called the accumulation step, as the name suggests, clusters the line segments with the assumption that a cluster will share a common vanishing point. The next step finds the principal clusters present in the scene and therefore it is called the search step.
In the accumulation step, the image is mapped onto a bounded space called the accumulator space. The accumulator space is partitioned into units called cells. Barnard [4] assumed this space to be a Gaussian sphere centered on the optical center of the camera as an accumulator space. A line segment on the image corresponds to a great circle on this sphere, and the vanishing point in the image is mapped to a point. The Gaussian sphere has accumulator cells that increase when a great circle passes through them, i.e. in the image a line segment intersects the vanishing point. Several modifications have been made since, but one of the most efficient techniques was using the Hough Transform, mapping the parameters of the line segment to the bounded space. Cascaded Hough Transforms have been applied for multiple vanishing points.
The process of mapping from the image to the bounded spaces causes the loss of the actual distances between line segments and points.
In the search step, the accumulator cell with the maximum number of line segments passing through it is found. This is followed by removal of those line segments, and the search step is repeated until this count goes below a certain threshold. As more computing power is now available, points corresponding to two or three mutually orthogonal directions can be found.
Applications of vanishing points[edit]
Use of cross-ratios in projective geometry to measure real-world dimensions of features depicted in a perspective projection. A, B, C, D and V are points on the image, their separation given in pixels; A', B', C' and D' are in the real world, their separation in metres.
In (1), the width of the side street, W is computed from the known widths of the adjacent shops.
In (2), the width of only one shop is needed because a vanishing point, V is visible.
Camera calibration: The vanishing points of an image contain important information for camera calibration. Various calibration techniques have been introduced using the properties of vanishing points to find intrinsic and extrinsic calibration parameters.[5]
3D reconstruction: A man-made environment has two main characteristics – several lines in the scene are parallel, and a number of edges present are orthogonal. Vanishing points aid in comprehending the environment. Using sets of parallel lines in the plane, the orientation of the plane can be calculated using vanishing points. Torre [6] and Coelho [7] performed extensive investigation in the use of vanishing points to implement a full system. With the assumption that the environment consists of objects with only parallel or perpendicular sides, also called Lego-land, using vanishing points constructed in a single image of the scene they recovered the 3D geometry of the scene. Similar ideas are also used in the field of robotics, mainly in navigation and autonomous vehicles, and in areas concerned with object detection.
See also[edit]
Graphical projection
References[edit]
^ Jump up to: a b c Kirsti Andersen (2007) Geometry of an Art, p. xxx, Springer, ISBN 0-387-25961-9
^ Jump up to: a b c B. Caprile, V. Torre [1] "Using Vanishing Points for Camera Calibration", International Journal of Computer Vision, Volume 4, Issue 2, pp. 127-139, March 1990
Jump up ^ H. Ditton (1712) Treatise on Perspective, p 45
Jump up ^ S.T. Barnard 'Interpreting Perspective Images", Artificial Intelligence 21, 1983, pp. 435 - 462
Jump up ^ D. Liebowitz and A. Zisserman "Metric Rectification for perspective images of planes" ,IEEE Conf. Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, June 1998, Santa Barbara, CA, pp. 482 -488
Jump up ^ R.T. Collins, and R. Weiss "Vanishing Point Calculation as a Statistical Inference on the Unit Sphere" Proceedings of ICCV3, December, 1990
Jump up ^ C. Coelho, M. Straforani, M. Campani " Using Geometrical Rules and a priori Knowledge for the Understanding of Indoor Scenes" Proceedings BMVC90, p.229-234 Oxford, September 1990.
External links[edit]
Vanishing point detection by three different proposed algorithms
Vanishing point detection for images and videos using open CV
A tutorial covering many examples of linear perspective
Trigonometric Calculation of Vanishing Points Brief explanation of the rationale with an easy example
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Vanishing_point&oldid=833992453"
Categories:
Perspective projection
Geometry in computer vision
Hidden categories:
Use dmy dates from April 2013
Navigation menu
Personal tools
Not logged in
Talk
Contributions
Create account
Log in
Namespaces
Article
Talk
Variants
Views
Read
Edit
View history
More
Search
Navigation
Main page
Contents
Featured content
Current events
Random article
Donate to Wikipedia
Wikipedia store
Interaction
Help
About Wikipedia
Community portal
Recent changes
Contact page
Tools
What links here
Related changes
Upload file
Special pages
Permanent link
Page information
Wikidata item
Cite this page
Print/export
Create a book
Download as PDF
Printable version
In other projects
Wikimedia Commons
Languages
العربية
Asturianu
Български
Català
Deutsch
Español
فارسی
Français
한국어
Italiano
עברית
Lëtzebuergesch
Nederlands
日本語
Norsk nynorsk
Occitan
Português
Simple English
Svenska
Українська
中文
12 more
Edit links
This page was last edited on 3 April 2018, at 11:11.
Text is available under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License; additional terms may apply. By using this site, you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy. Wikipedia® is a registered trademark of the Wikimedia Foundation, Inc., a non-profit organization.
Privacy policy
About Wikipedia
Disclaimers
Contact Wikipedia
Developers
Cookie statement
Mobile view
Enable previews

key: html

type: local

value: div

attrs: id class

values: mw-page-base noprint

values: mw-head-base noprint

value: a

attrs: id class lang

values: firstHeading firstHeading en

values: siteSub noprint

values: jump-to-nav mw-jump

attrs: href class title

values:
/wiki/Vanishing_point_(disambiguation)
mw-disambig
Vanishing point (disambiguation)

attrs: role class

values:
note
hatnote navigation-not-searchable

value: img

attrs: alt src width height class srcset data-file-width data-file-height

attrs: href class

attrs: class style

attrs: href title

values:
/wiki/Graphical_perspective
mw-redirect
Graphical perspective

values:
/wiki/Perspective_projection
mw-redirect
Perspective projection

values: font-size: 105%; padding: 0.2em 0px 0.4em; text-align: left; display: none;

values:
/wiki/Exploded_view_drawing
mw-redirect
Exploded view drawing

values:
/wiki/Plans_(drawings)
mw-redirect
Plans (drawings)

values: float:right;clear:right;width:22.0em;margin:0 0 1.0em 1.0em;background:#f9f9f9;border:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.2em;border-spacing:0.4em 0;text-align:center;line-height:1.4em;font-size:88%

values: display:block; line-height:1em; margin:0 0.1em; border-top:1px solid;

values: display:inline-block; vertical-align:-0.5em; font-size:85%; text-align:center;

values: Edit section: Properties of vanishing points

values: Edit section: Curvilinear and reverse perspective

values: Edit section: Detection of vanishing points

values: Edit section: Applications of vanishing points

values:
reflist mw-references-wrap
list-style-type: decimal;

values: Discussion about edits from this IP address [ctrl-alt-n]

values: A list of edits made from this IP address [ctrl-alt-y]

values: You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory

values: You're encouraged to log in; however, it's not mandatory. [ctrl-alt-o]

values:
/wiki/Vanishing_point
View the content page [ctrl-alt-c]
c

values: Discussion about the content page [ctrl-alt-t]

values: About the project, what you can do, where to find things

values: A list of recent changes in the wiki [ctrl-alt-r]

values: portal navigation p-interaction p-interaction-label

values: List of all English Wikipedia pages containing links to this page [ctrl-alt-j]

values: Recent changes in pages linked from this page [ctrl-alt-k]

values:
/wiki/Wikipedia:File_Upload_Wizard
Upload files [ctrl-alt-u]
u

values: A list of all special pages [ctrl-alt-q]

values: portal navigation p-wikibase-otherprojects p-wikibase-otherprojects-label

values: نقطة التلاشي – Arabic

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ast
display: none;

values: Убежна точка – Bulgarian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-bg
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-ca
display: none;

values: نقطه گریز – Persian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-fa
display: none;

values: נקודת מגוז – Hebrew

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-he
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-lb
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nl
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-nn
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-oc
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-simple
display: none;

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-sv
display: none;

values: Зникома точка – Ukrainian

values:
interlanguage-link interwiki-uk
display: none;

values: All languages (initial selection from common choices by you and others)

values: /static/images/wikimedia-button-1.5x.png 1.5x, /static/images/wikimedia-button-2x.png 2x

values: /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_132x47.png 1.5x, /static/images/poweredby_mediawiki_176x62.png 2x

values:
suggestions
display: none; font-size: 13px;

values: mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Vanishing_point rootpage-Vanishing_point skin-vector action-view