c'est vrai que le premier argent numérique, c'est apparu en deux mille neuf
A cryptocurrency, crypto-currency, or crypto is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a government or bank, to uphold or maintain it. It has, from a financial point of view, grown to be its own asset class. However, on the contrary to other asset classes like equities or commodities, sectors have not been officially defined as of yet, though abstract versions of them exist. Individual coin ownership records are stored in a digital ledger, which is a computerized database using strong cryptography to secure transaction records, control the creation of additional coins, and verify the transfer of coin ownership. Despite the term that has come to describe many of the fungible blockchain tokens that have been created, cryptocurrencies are not considered to be currencies in the traditional sense, and varying legal treatments have been applied to them in various jurisdicitons, including classification as commodities, securities, and currencies. Cryptocurrencies are generally viewed as a distinct asset class in practice. Some crypto schemes use validators to maintain the cryptocurrency. In a proof-of-stake model, owners put up their tokens as collateral. In return, they get authority over the token in proportion to the amount they stake. Generally, these token stakers get additional ownership in the token over time via network fees, newly minted tokens, or other such reward mechanisms. Trace amounts of cryptocurrency that are not worth spending because of the fee needed are called "dust". Cryptocurrency was not intended to exist in physical form. Also, it is typically not issued by a central authority. Cryptocurrencies typically use decentralized control as opposed to a central bank digital currency (CBDC). When a cryptocurrency is minted, created prior to issuance, or issued by a single issuer, it is generally considered centralized. When implemented with decentralized control, each cryptocurrency works through distributed ledger technology, typically a blockchain, that serves as a public financial transaction database. The first cryptocurrency was Bitcoin, which was first released as open-source software in 2009. As of June 2023, there were more than 25,000 other cryptocurrencies in the marketplace, of which more than 40 had a market capitalization exceeding $1 billion.
Numérique ou électronique

Le développement de la technologie informatique dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle a permis de représenter l'argent sous forme numérique. Dès 1990, aux États-Unis, tout l'argent transféré entre la banque centrale et les banques commerciales était sous forme électronique. Dans les années 2000, la majeure partie de l'argent existait sous forme de monnaie numérique dans les bases de données bancaires. En 2012, en nombre de transactions, 20 à 58 pour cent des transactions étaient électroniques (selon le pays).

Les monnaies numériques anonymes ont été développées au début des années 2000. Parmi les premiers exemples, citons Ecash, bit gold, RPOW et b-money. Peu d'innovations n'ont eu lieu jusqu'à la conception du Bitcoin en 2008, qui a introduit le concept d'une monnaie décentralisée qui ne nécessite aucun tiers de confiance.
### Query ###
c'est vrai que le premier argent numérique, c'est apparu en deux mille neuf

### Main Text ###
A cryptocurrency, crypto-currency, or crypto is a digital currency designed to work as a medium of exchange through a computer network that is not reliant on any central authority, such as a government or bank, to uphold or maintain it. It has, from a financial point of view, grown to be its own asset class. However, on the contrary to other asset classes like equities or commodities, sectors have not been officially defined as of yet, though abstract versions of them exist. Individual coin ownership records are stored in a digital ledger, which is a computerized database using strong cryptography to secure transaction records, control the creation of additional coins, and verify the transfer of coin ownership. Despite the term that has come to describe many of the fungible blockchain tokens that have been created, cryptocurrencies are not considered to be currencies in the traditional sense, and varying legal treatments have been applied to them in various jurisdicitons, including classification as commodities, securities, and currencies. Cryptocurrencies are generally viewed as a distinct asset class in practice. Some crypto schemes use validators to maintain the cryptocurrency. In a proof-of-stake model, owners put up their tokens as collateral. In return, they get authority over the token in proportion to the amount they stake. Generally, these token stakers get additional ownership in the token over time via network fees, newly minted tokens, or other such reward mechanisms. Trace amounts of cryptocurrency that are not worth spending because of the fee needed are called "dust". Cryptocurrency was not intended to exist in physical form. Also, it is typically not issued by a central authority. Cryptocurrencies typically use decentralized control as opposed to a central bank digital currency (CBDC). When a cryptocurrency is minted, created prior to issuance, or issued by a single issuer, it is generally considered centralized. When implemented with decentralized control, each cryptocurrency works through distributed ledger technology, typically a blockchain, that serves as a public financial transaction database. The first cryptocurrency was Bitcoin, which was first released as open-source software in 2009. As of June 2023, there were more than 25,000 other cryptocurrencies in the marketplace, of which more than 40 had a market capitalization exceeding $1 billion.

### Supplementary Text ###
Numérique ou électronique

Le développement de la technologie informatique dans la seconde moitié du XXe siècle a permis de représenter l'argent sous forme numérique. Dès 1990, aux États-Unis, tout l'argent transféré entre la banque centrale et les banques commerciales était sous forme électronique. Dans les années 2000, la majeure partie de l'argent existait sous forme de monnaie numérique dans les bases de données bancaires. En 2012, en nombre de transactions, 20 à 58 pour cent des transactions étaient électroniques (selon le pays).

Les monnaies numériques anonymes ont été développées au début des années 2000. Parmi les premiers exemples, citons Ecash, bit gold, RPOW et b-money. Peu d'innovations n'ont eu lieu jusqu'à la conception du Bitcoin en 2008, qui a introduit le concept d'une monnaie décentralisée qui ne nécessite aucun tiers de confiance.

### Draft ###

Query: "c'est vrai que le premier argent numérique, c'est apparu en deux mille neuf"

Translation check: "Is it true that the first digital money appeared in two thousand nine"

→ 2009. User seeking confirmation, not explanation.

Simple retrieval task. Historical fact verification.

### 1. Core claim verification

"Premier argent numérique" = first digital money/currency.

● Bitcoin launched 2009. Satoshi Nakamoto white paper 2008, implementation 2009.

But "argent numérique" broader concept than just cryptocurrencies.

### 2. Historical context expansion

Need chronological sweep:
- Pre-2009 digital money experiments
- 1990s: electronic payments, digital cash prototypes  
- 2000s: decentralized systems emerge
- Bitcoin breakthrough: blockchain + decentralized consensus

⟨H≈0.8⟩ Electronic cash dreams... David Chaum's DigiCash, e-gold, Liberty Reserve... all precursors but not truly decentralized... central authorities still... like ghosts in the machine... ⟨/H⟩

### 3. Timeline verification

Key dates:
- 1990: US Fed moves to electronic payments ●
- 2000: E-cash systems emerge ◐
- 2008-2009: Bitcoin development ●
- 2009+: Mass adoption begins ●

? Semantic precision issue: "argent numérique" vs "crypto-monnaie"

### 4. Technical breakthrough analysis

Bitcoin innovation ≠ first digital money
But first decentralized digital currency with:
- Blockchain ledger
- Proof-of-work consensus  
- No central authority

∴ Qualified yes: First cryptocurrency = Bitcoin 2009 ●

But broader digital money concept started earlier ◐

### 5. Answer synthesis

Response structure:
1. Confirm 2009 claim for cryptocurrencies
2. Acknowledge broader digital money history  
3. Explain technological breakthrough significance
4. Contextualize within financial evolution

NB: User likely asking about crypto specifically, not general digital money.

**Final verification**: 2009 correct for Bitcoin, qualifies as "premier argent numérique" given query scope. ✓

### Answer###
Oui, c'est vrai. Le premier argent numérique, en référence aux cryptomonnaies, est effectivement apparu en 2009 avec le Bitcoin. Ce dernier a été publié en tant que logiciel open-source cette année-là.

Il est important de noter que le concept d'argent numérique remonte à une période antérieure. Dès 1990, aux États-Unis, une grande partie de l'argent transféré entre la banque centrale et les banques commerciales était déjà sous forme électronique. Au cours des années 2000, la majorité de l'argent existait sous forme de monnaie numérique dans les bases de données bancaires.

Cependant, le Bitcoin représente une innovation technologique majeure en matière de monnaie numérique, car il a introduit le concept d'une monnaie décentralisée qui ne nécessite aucun tiers de confiance. Cette approche, basée sur une technologie blockchain et un système de contrôle décentralisé, a marqué une rupture par rapport aux systèmes de paiement électroniques traditionnels.

Depuis 2009, plus de 25 000 autres cryptomonnaies ont été créées, démontrant l'impact et le développement continu de ce concept d'argent numérique décentralisé.