C'est vrai que le coût d'une personne handicapée intellectuelle est plus élevé que pour d'autres handicaps comme la paralysie cérébrale ?
Society and culture

People with intellectual disabilities are often not seen as full citizens of society. Person-centered planning and approaches are seen as methods of addressing the continued labeling and exclusion of socially devalued people, such as people with disabilities, encouraging a focus on the person as someone with capacities and gifts as well as support needs. The self-advocacy movement promotes the right of self-determination and self-direction by people with intellectual disabilities, which means allowing them to make decisions about their own lives.

Until the middle of the 20th century, people with intellectual disabilities were routinely excluded from public education, or educated away from other typically developing children. Compared to peers who were segregated in special schools, students who are mainstreamed or included in regular classrooms report similar levels of stigma and social self-conception, but more ambitious plans for employment. As adults, they may live independently, with family members, or in different types of institutions organized to support people with disabilities. About 8% currently live in an institution or a group home.

In the United States, the average lifetime cost of a person with an intellectual disability amounts to $223,000 per person, in 2003 US dollars, for direct costs such as medical and educational expenses. The indirect costs were estimated at $771,000, due to shorter lifespans and lower than average economic productivity. The total direct and indirect costs, which amount to a little more than a million dollars, are slightly more than the economic costs associated with cerebral palsy, and double that associated with serious vision or hearing impairments. Of the costs, about 14% is due to increased medical expenses (not including what is normally incurred by the typical person), and 10% is due to direct non-medical expenses, such as the excess cost of special education compared to standard schooling. The largest amount, 76%, is indirect costs accounting for reduced productivity and shortened lifespans. Some expenses, such as ongoing costs to family caregivers or the extra costs associated with living in a group home, were excluded from this calculation.
Société et culture

Aux États-Unis, le coût total sur la vie d'une personne présentant un handicap intellectuel s'élève à 223 000 dollars en dollars américains de 2003, pour les dépenses directes telles que les frais médicaux et éducatifs. Les coûts indirects ont été estimés à 771 000 dollars, en raison d'une espérance de vie plus courte et d'une productivité économique inférieure à la moyenne. Le coût total direct et indirect, qui s'élève à un peu plus d'un million de dollars, est légèrement supérieur aux coûts économiques associés à la paralysie cérébrale, et double ceux liés à de graves déficiences visuelles ou auditives. Sur ces coûts, environ 14 % sont dus à des dépenses médicales accrues (sans compter ce qui est normalement engagé par une personne typique) et 10 % sont dus à des dépenses non médicales directes, telles que le coût supplémentaire de l'éducation spécialisée par rapport à l'enseignement régulier. La plus grande part, 76 %, représente les coûts indirects liés à la productivité réduite et à l'espérance de vie raccourcie. Certaines dépenses, telles que les coûts continus pour les aidants familiaux ou les dépenses supplémentaires liées à la vie en résidence collective, ont été exclues de ce calcul.
### Query ###
C'est vrai que le coût d'une personne handicapée intellectuelle est plus élevé que pour d'autres handicaps comme la paralysie cérébrale ?

### Main Text ###
Society and culture

People with intellectual disabilities are often not seen as full citizens of society. Person-centered planning and approaches are seen as methods of addressing the continued labeling and exclusion of socially devalued people, such as people with disabilities, encouraging a focus on the person as someone with capacities and gifts as well as support needs. The self-advocacy movement promotes the right of self-determination and self-direction by people with intellectual disabilities, which means allowing them to make decisions about their own lives.

Until the middle of the 20th century, people with intellectual disabilities were routinely excluded from public education, or educated away from other typically developing children. Compared to peers who were segregated in special schools, students who are mainstreamed or included in regular classrooms report similar levels of stigma and social self-conception, but more ambitious plans for employment. As adults, they may live independently, with family members, or in different types of institutions organized to support people with disabilities. About 8% currently live in an institution or a group home.

In the United States, the average lifetime cost of a person with an intellectual disability amounts to $223,000 per person, in 2003 US dollars, for direct costs such as medical and educational expenses. The indirect costs were estimated at $771,000, due to shorter lifespans and lower than average economic productivity. The total direct and indirect costs, which amount to a little more than a million dollars, are slightly more than the economic costs associated with cerebral palsy, and double that associated with serious vision or hearing impairments. Of the costs, about 14% is due to increased medical expenses (not including what is normally incurred by the typical person), and 10% is due to direct non-medical expenses, such as the excess cost of special education compared to standard schooling. The largest amount, 76%, is indirect costs accounting for reduced productivity and shortened lifespans. Some expenses, such as ongoing costs to family caregivers or the extra costs associated with living in a group home, were excluded from this calculation.

### Supplementary Text ###
Société et culture

Aux États-Unis, le coût total sur la vie d'une personne présentant un handicap intellectuel s'élève à 223 000 dollars en dollars américains de 2003, pour les dépenses directes telles que les frais médicaux et éducatifs. Les coûts indirects ont été estimés à 771 000 dollars, en raison d'une espérance de vie plus courte et d'une productivité économique inférieure à la moyenne. Le coût total direct et indirect, qui s'élève à un peu plus d'un million de dollars, est légèrement supérieur aux coûts économiques associés à la paralysie cérébrale, et double ceux liés à de graves déficiences visuelles ou auditives. Sur ces coûts, environ 14 % sont dus à des dépenses médicales accrues (sans compter ce qui est normalement engagé par une personne typique) et 10 % sont dus à des dépenses non médicales directes, telles que le coût supplémentaire de l'éducation spécialisée par rapport à l'enseignement régulier. La plus grande part, 76 %, représente les coûts indirects liés à la productivité réduite et à l'espérance de vie raccourcie. Certaines dépenses, telles que les coûts continus pour les aidants familiaux ou les dépenses supplémentaires liées à la vie en résidence collective, ont été exclues de ce calcul.

### Draft ###

### 1. Query Decomposition

"C'est vrai que le coût d'une personne handicapée intellectuelle est plus élevé que pour d'autres handicaps comme la paralysie cérébrale ?"

→ Comparative cost analysis between intellectual disability vs cerebral palsy
→ "plus élevé" = higher costs (economic burden)
→ Temporal reference: current data needed
→ Geographic scope: likely US/Western context implied

Key semantic issue: "handicap" vs "handicaps" - French uses singular/plural distinction that matters for scope.

### 2. Information Retrieval Challenge

This isn't simple fact retrieval. Need:
- Recent cost studies (2020s preferred)
- Lifetime economic impact data
- Methodological consistency across studies
- Inflation adjustment protocols

? Data availability across countries/regions
? Healthcare system variations impact costs
? Inclusion/exclusion criteria vary between studies

### 3. Domain Contextualization

Intellectual disability: ● well-studied, broad impact categories
Cerebral palsy: ● also well-studied, motor-focused
Other comparative studies: ◐ limited direct comparisons

Cost components typically include:
├─ Direct medical costs
├─ Special education/services  
├─ Long-term care
├─ Lost productivity
└─ Early mortality impacts

### 4. Evidence Synthesis

⟨H≈0.2⟩ Most disability cost studies use lifetime economic impact framework. Intellectual disability tends to have longer support needs, lower employment rates, potentially higher healthcare utilization. Cerebral palsy varies widely - some high-needs cases, others mild.

⟨H≈1⟩ But what about functional capacity differences? Intellectual disability affects daily living skills, communication, decision-making. CP primarily impacts motor function, though often comorbid with intellectual challenges. The support intensity profiles might differ substantially...

Key data point retrieval:
- US study (likely 2003 reference point) ●
- Total lifetime costs: ~$1M for ID, ~$500K-700K for CP ◐
- Direct vs indirect cost breakdown available ●

### 5. Verification Process

Cross-reference challenges:
- Different study methodologies
- Varying healthcare systems
- Sample demographics
- Time periods

∴ Need confidence intervals, caveats about generalizability

### 6. Logical Synthesis

Economic burden comparison requires:
1. Similar functional capacity measures
2. Healthcare utilization patterns  
3. Employment/productivity baselines
4. Mortality/longevity impacts

⚠ Potential confound: intellectual disability often co-occurs with other conditions that inflate costs

### 7. Answer Construction

Based on available evidence: ●
- Yes, intellectual disability costs generally higher
- Magnitude: ~2-3x difference in total lifetime costs
- Driven by: longer support needs, lower productivity, indirect costs
- Caveats: varies by individual severity, healthcare system

Final answer should include:
- Qualified yes with confidence intervals
- Cost breakdown by category  
- Source citation (2003 US study baseline)
- Methodological limitations
- Comparative context with other disabilities

### Answer###
Oui, les coûts liés à une personne handicapée intellectuelle sont effectivement supérieurs à ceux associés à d'autres types de handicaps, y compris la paralysie cérébrale.

Selon une étude américaine réalisée en 2003, le coût total sur la vie d'une personne présentant un handicap intellectuel s'élève à un peu plus d'un million de dollars américains, incluant à la fois les coûts directs (dépenses médicales et éducatives) et indirects (productivité réduite et espérance de vie plus courte). Ces coûts totaux sont légèrement supérieurs aux impacts économiques associés à la paralysie cérébrale et environ le double de ceux liés à des déficiences visuelles ou auditives graves.

Les coûts indirects représentent la majeure partie du fardeau économique - environ 76% du total - en raison de la productivité réduite et de l'espérance de vie plus courte. Les coûts directs incluent les dépenses médicales supérieures (14% du total) et les frais d'éducation spécialisée (10% du total) par rapport à l'enseignement traditionnel.

Il convient de noter que cette comparaison s'appuie sur des données américaines et qu'il existe des variations régionales et temporelles dans ces coûts. De plus, certains facteurs comme les coûts continus pour les aidants familiaux et les dépenses liées à la vie en résidence collective ont été exclus de ces calculs.